davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-05-21
Judge 70 Charge Jury
Today in Carolina
Mass lYne;h!IiIn|g IN Trial
81 ~ 4 Assssia,.d Pres.

GREENVIIIE, s. O., May 21.
Ia South Carolina jury was sum-
moned today by Circuit Judge
~ Robert Martin, ir.. to give an
ultimate verdict in the unprece-
|dented mass trial OF % white
men accused ~of lynching q
Negro.
Judge Martin planned to convene
court ct 1 pm. to begin his charge
to the Jury The case probably viii
reach the jury about pm.
Final arguments in the case were
concluded yesterday on q note OF
sectional prejudice.
Public Prosecutors Samuel Watt
and Robert AShmore demanded con-
viction- but not the death penalty
for 81 who are charged with murder,
and for 7 others who are accused Of
conspiracy and Of being accessories
before the fact Although the State
did not ask for the death penalty,
q verdict by the jury of murder
without recommendation of mercy
would make a death sentence man
datory.
Accused Of Mob Action.
The State told the jury Of eight
textile workers, two statesmen, me-
chanic and a farmer that they rep
resented the public conscience of
South Carolina in dealing with "a
most damnable and hellish" case.
All % defendants majority of
them taxi-drivers-are accused of
participating in mob action against
Willie Earle, "a, who was taken
from Pickens County Jail last Feb
ruary II and lynched in reprisal
for the fatal stabbing Of T. w.
Brown, 81, a white taxi-driver.
The defense, which rested its case
without offering witnesses or tes-
timony, argued the State had failed
to establish its contentious beyond
reasonable doubt, and assailed
Northern interference" In South
ern affairs.
Defense Attorney Thomas Wof-
ford, in closing the case, shouted:
I'VE get along pretty well down
here until they start interfering
with us from Washington and the
North. If they would sympathize
with us instead of criticize us, we
might get along toward recovering
from the time they laid waste to
this country"
FBI Is Assailed.
Mr.. Wofford accused the Federal
Bureau Of Investigation of having
"meddler's itch," and declared:
There's no cure for it, except ver-
dict by a jury Of this kind-to
acquit these boys and show them
it's no use meddling in Greenville
County"
Much of the Investigation. which
Evening star., 1947-05-21

led to Indictment of 81 defendants,
was made HI co-operatiofa of the
|FBI. John G. Bills, agent IA charge
|of the Charlotte EBI ONCE, said 4
was undertaken ut behest Of Att
torney General CLARK
Three defendants won directed
verdicts Of acquittal On III counts,
seven other defendants gained d.
|rected acquittal Of murder and oi
accessory after the fact, but remain
charged with conspiracy to commit
murder and with being accessories
before the fact. TWcnty-one de-
fendants are accused on al -four
counts or murder, accessories both
before and after the fact, and Of
conspiracy to commit murder.
Evening star., 1947-05-21
UnificutioIn
lContinued From First Page.o

come on the final committee vote on
the section outlining the powers Of
the National Defense Secretary.
Across the Capitol. the House Elk
penditures Committee Sidetracked
the unification issue to open hear
ings on two other but far less
controversial, presidential plans for
Government reorganization.
And Chairman Hoffman Of the
House group told q reporter:
IF anyone is blocking Army
Navy uniflcation, it is President
Truman.
How does he expect us to get out
a unification bill when he sends us
q couple Of these reorganizations We
have to act on in a hurry? We've
got to get them out before July l."
Uncertain Is to Form.
The reorganization hearings have
been scheduled to last week. They
might run longer.
Asked whether he thought that
might mean no unification legisla-
tion this session, Mr.. Hoffman re-
piled:
IT think we'll get it, all right. But
don't know in what form"
The two reorganization plans up
Evening star., 1947-05-21

wanted cash. told him I would
not give him the money without an
order from the Garssons.
freeman later came to my Office
and I took 1900 out of vault in
the wall. I gave it to Freeman and
directed him to take it to Levin"
Checks Explained in Detail.
Individual checks ranging from a
few hundred dollars to $4,000 were
explained in detail by the witness as
having been received from the Cars
sons from the summer of 1943 until
| the end of 1945 May declared that
he knew nothing of the mechanic"
| whereby the Garssons' checks fire.
quently were drawn on Carson
companies and indorsed over to May
by one of the brothers.
| May also said that through a mis-
understanding the bank in Ken
lucky deposited some of the Cars
son checks in his personal account
| when he mailed the checks to that
bank. AS soon as he learned this,
WAY SdlQ, 1C VI ddlo1CilCo VAiC
amounts to the Cumberland Lumber
Co. account in that bank.
Defense counsel late yesterday
completed questioning of May about
his activities in the establishment OF
the Kentucky humber company early
in 1943 and it's sale three years later.
May denied that an attempted
sale of the lumber company in the
| fall of 1945 and the eventual sale
in 1946 were caused or hastened
when he and the Garssons heard
they were being investigated.
Mr.. Magee introduced bank records
and letters designed to show that
efforts to dispose of the lumberless
lumber company were made many
months previously.
II was anxious to get loose from
the thing" May testified. when
asked about various attempts to
sell the property. "I wanted to get
as much of the money as possible
back to the owners, the Garssons." !"
did you ever get any money
YOURSELF" Mr.. Magee asked
None whatever" May answered.
Evening star., 1947-05-21
Carson
CONTINUED From First Page.)

total of $28, ,728.07 sent to him by
Henry and Murray Carson for OPP
Grafton of the lumber company in
Kentucky.
Says Company Owes Him.
Holding a huge accounting sheet
in his lap, May told Justice Henry
A. Schweinhaut and the jury that
he not only used every cent of that
money for the Garssons, but also
that he incurred some personal ex-
pense. Actually, he claimed, the
Cumberland Lumber Co. still owes
him about $500.
May, the 71-year-old former chair.
man of the House Military Affairs
Committee, sought to show that
each of the deposits made in his
bank account in Washington or in
Kentucky represented money sent
by the Garssons in connection with
the lumber company and used by
him solely for that purpose.
Notified Carson of Note.
One such transaction, as brought
out earlier by Government wit
nesses, involved a 5000 check on
the Erie Basin Metal Products, Inc
a Carson company, and indorsed
by Murray Carson. This was sent
to May August Is, 1914, and de-
posted a fsw days later in his per-
Isonal account in the National Bank
of Washington. May actually de-
posted $4,000 and obtained the re-
naming $1,000 in cash.
He testified today that Murray
Carson sent him the check after
being notified that a note was due
in a Prestonsburg (KyJ bank on
money that had been borrowed to
establish the lumber company
Freeman gave the check to May
the witness testified, and explained
that it was personal check on
Murray Carson, who wanted $1,000
of it.
"It met Freeman at the National
Bank of Washington and deposited
81 900 and gave the other 81 ,00U in
cash to Freeman in a car outside OF
the bank" May said. He added
that the same day hes Withdrew
$2,606 and wrote check to the
kentucky bank for payment of the
lumber company note.
To Subpoena Committee Officials.
When May told the court that
the original check had not been
returned to him from the Senate
War Investigating Committee, de-
fense counsel received permission
from Justice Schweinhaut to SUBJ
poena officials of that committee
for questioning concerning the re-
portedly missing check.
What became of the balance o1
the $4,000 deposit?" Warren E. Ma
gee, Mays chief counsel asked.
"a few days LATER" May answered
"Al Levin came to me anC asked
for payment of a legal fee owed him
by the Garssons. He said he was
going to a New York hospital anc
Evening star., 1947-05-21
New Move by Russia
Ito Outlaw Atom Due
lin U. n. Group Today
BY the Assoeiaied Press

LAKE SUCCESS, N. Y, May 81
Russia was expected to renew
her demand today that the
United Nations Security Council
outlaw Immediately the use o1
atomic weapons.
This move was indicated by Soviet
Deputy Foreign Minister Andrei
A. Gromyko when he told the
American Russian Institute in New
York that after atomic weapons
were outlawed the Soviet Union
would agree to international control
and inspection.
The United States and Great
Britain are insisting that before
there is prohibition of atomic weap-
ons there must be system of in
ternational atomic control
A new attempt to reconcile Ameri-
can and Russian views on this issue
faced the Working Committee of
the Atomic Energy Commission
when it met behind closed doors
today for the first time in three
weeks.
Armament Group Called.
Meanwhile, Big Five subcom-
mittee of the Commission on Con-
ventional Armaments was called
into closed session in an effort to
iron out program of work. Here
again, there is disagreement be-
tween the United States and Russia.
The United States insists that en-
phasis be given to control and safe
guards in any arms reduction plan.
On the atomic issue, the United
States was understood to be trying
to Smoke out" the Russians on
several points which Mr.. Gromyko
has not made clear to them on
international control and inspec-
ton. -. sr.- ..-...
>, In his speech to the, American
Russian Institute, Mr.. Gromyko
emphasized three points:
l.. That prohibition of atomic and
mass-destructive weapons must be
undertaken promptly by the United
Nations action.
2. That after atomic weapons are
outlawed, Russia will agree to inter-
national control and inspection.
3. That this inspection must be
limited to assuring development of
atomic energy for peaceful purposes
only, and must not infringe on the
internal economy of Russia
Meanwhile, the Security Council
continued to wrestle with the ques-
ton of maintaining an international
watch on the troubled Balkan
frontier areas. Discussion of this
issue will be resumed tomorrow
morning.
The United States charged yes
terday that Yugoslavia, Albania and
Bulgaria were attempting to OBJ
struct efforts of the Security Coun-
Gil to settle strife in the Balkans.
Herschel v. Johnson, deputy Ameri-
can delegate told the Council that
the Soviet satellites would establish
a dangerous precedent" If they
persisted in defiance" of the United
Nations.
The three Balkan countries re-
Gently announced they would not
cooperate with the Balkan Investi-
eating Commissions subsidiary in
quiry group and would not permit
its representatives to cross their
frontiers.
Meanwhile the u. N. Subcommis-
sion on Freedom of Information
and of the Press decided by a 6-to-2
vote that the proposed world con-
ference on freedom of information
should be held in Europe in March
or April, 1948.
Russia proposed that the confer
ence be held IN Prague or Geneva,
but the subcommission left the final
location up to the U. N. Economic
and Social Council.
Evening star., 1947-05-21
Tells How Foreign Language
Can Be Mastered Quickly

greater business opportunity. greater
cultural advantage and more pleasure
in travel by mastering foreign lan-
guage so quickly.
To acquaint more men and women
with the advantages of knowing an
other language the publishers. Funk
L Wagnalls Company, have printed
full details of this speedy, pleasant
method in a 24-page booklet which
they will send to anyone who requests
it. The address is Foreign Language
Department WS3, Funk & Wagnalls
Company, 153 E. oath St, New York
10, New York. A penny postcard will
do. There is no charge for the booklet.
Evening star., 1947-05-21
Mount Vernon PTA
Officers Installed T., t. .

Mrs. H. E. Finnegan was installed
last night as president of the Mount
Vernon School Parent-Teacher As
sociation at the school in Alexandria
Other officers installed were ]. T
Bowling, vice president; S. L. Tuck
er, treasurer; Miss Eunetta Osborne
secretary, and S. S. Farabow, par
Humanitarian.
Evening star., 1947-05-21
= 4 4. IN G |
MATERIALS
HIlFH ITO il IN
ADvERTISEMENT,
itchy Pin1ples
Kill Romance

Many shattered romances may be
traced directly to scratching of skin
hlemishes. Why tolerate itching Of
pimples, eczema, angry red blotches
and other irritations. when you can
get quick relief from soothing Peter-
sons Ointment? 35c AL druggists.
Money refunded II one application
does not delight you. Peterson's oint-
ment also soothes irritAted and tired
feet and cracks between toes.
Evening star., 1947-05-21

for hearings hefore. the House group
would ntke permanent some war-
time shifts of GoveEnMent Activ-
tiles between and within such
agencies Is the Labor Treasury,
Agriculture and Justice Depart
ments. the War Assets Administra-
ton and the Federal Deposit nnsur-
ance Corp
President Truman sent them to
Congress May i Unless Senate
and House both turn them down
within 80 days, they become effective
automatically At the end Of that
ueriod
Evening star., 1947-05-21

An interesting new booklet offered
free to men and women who want to
learn q foreign language, tells OF a
"fool-proof" method for studying
Spanish, French, German or Italian
without attending classes. The plan
az described in this little book, Is
based on the "listen-look" record sys-
tenn developed 50 effectively by the
armed forces during the war.
According to the publishers, by
means of this natural method it is
now possible to start to speak for
eign language correctly in only seven
days, and in thousands of cases, they
say. users of this method have gained
Evening star., 1947-05-21
Train Kills Grucehom Man

FREDERICK, Md, May 81 fP.-
Robert c. Seiss, 40, of Graceham
was killed here early today when
struck by Western Maryland Rail-
road freight train, State Trooper
Kenneth Bond said Mr.. Seiss ap-
sparently had been walking along
the railroad right of way.
Evening star., 1947-05-21
Peru Names Official Here

{ LIMA. Peru. May Al {Rt Carlos
Alzan1ora was appointed today ia
| the post OF commercial counsellor oi
1.-THE Peruvian Embassy IN Washing-
Iton. He formerly was Mayor oi
IMiraf1ores.
Evening star., 1947-09-23
On the Other Hand
Believes That Big Black Market
Of War Days Was Largely a MYTH

emily amounted to little. In the
heavy industries there was virtually
none. Worst offenders were found
in the lumber industry in certain
parts of the country. Backed up
by their Congress members, who
screamed to heaven when the OPA
sought to prosecute, some lumber
men got away with murder, it is
said. But even in lumber this was
a small part Of the whole.
Speaking Of Congress members,
there were a number whose con-
sciences should have troubled them.
Day in and day out the chambers
OF the House and Senate resounded
with their complaints on behalf of
special constituents. They encour-
aged the dealers in this, that and
the other thing to believe they were
being unduly hurt by controls. They
talked about the alleged Black
Market until it grew to be a real
thing in most everybody's mind.
And now they are preparing to do
1t all over again,
Evening star., 1947-09-23

Mr.. Truman is Constantine Brown.
said to have been impressed by Sec.
retary of State Marshall's argu.
ments that further economic assist.
ance to Western Europe might brins
about marked improvement in thu
international situation.
If Europe's economic health i'm.
proves as the result of our assist.
ance, Gen. Marshall asserts, politica
and social tension throughout the
world may be eased.
Bridges Unconvinced.
The Senate Appropriations Com.
mittee last Saturday had a look at
the European picture, including q
cursory survey of the Marshall pro.
posals. Chairman Bridges is re.
ported to be even more doubtful
than President Truman about the
advisability of calling a special
session at this time.
Senator Bridges is no isolationist
Before Pearl Harbor-when many
Republican Senators who now sup.
port the bipartisan foreign policy
were staunchly isolationists-he
voted for lease-lend and other meas.
ures to help those who were fight
ing totalitarianism. But after q
seven-hour session last Saturday
with ranking government officials
Senator Bridges and other members
of his committee are not convinced
that, from the American point oi
view, there is any reason for hasty
action.
The question of helping Europe
with 18 billion dollars worth of food
machinery and raw materials is
more complicated than appears or
the surface. No one denies that
Western Europe is in dire need. But
while Europe's representatives ir
this country consider this a purely
economic condition, many Ameri.
cans-including some Congress
members who have made fact-fnd-
Evening star., 1947-09-23
-

Lambert Of the American Embassy
l told this fugitive from Johns Hop
k1ns what I wanted. wanted some
thing for a headache. Something to
take after riding a burro half q day
Something for sunburn. Something
for windburn. Something for a cold
and something for the illness Of high
attitudes. Also, if available, I'd take
a shot or two of something that
cured rheumatism.
Whisky and Viper.
This large order didn't set her
back a second. She started to work
with all the efficiency of a robot. In
an earthen pot-probably pre-
Incan, and a museum piece-she
started stirring a mixture. In an
other she started whipping up a
batch of something horrible looking.
I finally drew the line when she took
Evening star., 1947-09-23

thr1lllng experience.
I am speaking, you understand
of THE Black Market, that great
unseen, mysterious institution, siais-
ter, unclean and illegal, that was
supposed to be operating everywhere
everywhere except where you hap
pened to be-during the period Of
price control. This Is the myth that
Senator Taft and all others opposed
to price controls still mention in
horrihed accents. They don't Call
it q myth, Of course. They treat it
as something as real as your Aunt
Susie or Uncle Ed. Or the United
States Steel Corp. In fact, some
times fear they really believe that
it existed and that 1t will come back
to plague our lives If price controls
are restored.
Dressing Up Bosey Again.
Whatever they believe, they are
now dressing the bogey up again In
the same dark raiment and prepar-
ing to scare the pants of the public
if the threat of price controls be-
comes any more serious.
If you ask anybody who worked in
the enforcement division Of the OPA
about the Black Market, whether 1t
really existed. he'll probably answer
something like this: It depends on
what you mean by Black Market.
If you are asking whether soma
people evaded the law and the OPA
regulations, the answer is, Yes.
Some merchants did occasionally,
under pressure. Some were as guilty
as they dared to be. On the whole,
violations of this kind had scarcely
any effect on business or on the
prices paid by average consumers.
On this theory lot of fairly good
citizens have been called members
of the Black Market. The hungry
housewife who made eyes at her
soft-hearted butcher and got, or
thought she got, something he was
hiding from everybody else, was a
part of the villainous conspiracy.
But when all the shenannigans of
all the housewives, including those
who sometimes forget" their ra-
ton coupons, were added up, the
effect on the national food market
was negligible, the former OPA
officials say,
Only One Important Group.
Among conscious, deliberate vio-
Flators Of the law, there was only one
group Of any Importance. These
were operators Of local slaughter
houses who were difficult to appre-
hend because of their freedom from
Federal inspection-one of the most
effective aids to law enforcement.
During two summers when, because
Of the heavy shipments to our armed
forces and our allies, there was a
serious domestic shortage, it was
estimated that as much as 10 per
cent of the domestic supply was
coming from such butchers and was
being sold at prices above the
ceiling. That was the worst that
happened during the period of price
control.
Violations in other goods appar-
Evening star., 1947-09-23

a bottle containing an alcoholic bev-
erage made OF cane juice and
dropped q small, poisonous viper
in it.
I learned that this concoction-
whisky and viper-was one OF the
most priced Of all TONES. Three shots
OF 1t and fellow would get on his
death bed, do q Jig, sing Don't
Fence Me In," and run up and down
mountain peak or two. I explained
that I didn't want to feel that good.
and would settle for something q
little less invigorating.
So, tonight, before we set out
for Macchu Picchu, I am going to
take a swig out Of each Of my brews.
What will happen don't know. But
I'll guarantee you this-Ill be play
ing leap frog with the Indians besors
noon.
Distributed BY McNaught Syndicate, Ine.)
Evening star., 1947-09-23
Mourned by Liberals
La Guardia Known as Best Interpreter of
Common Man in Industrial Areas

all Mr.. La Guardia stood for, OF
seemed to be slightly worthless, the
invariable key was: said politician
had served with the Mayor in Con.
gress.
He would have liked to 60 back
to the Senate. Perhaps it is as well
he didn't; recapture of glamour Is
difficult. But his failure to get into
the second war was a permanent
disappointment. Mr. Roosevelt, fol
whom he had done so much, would
not come through on that one; Mr.
Roosevelt wanted Mr.. La Guards
in the crucial port of New York.
/ Third Top Politician.
Bronx Boss Flynn, an expert, has
rated Mr.. La Guardia third among
the best politicians he ever knew
the others being MIR. Roosevelt ane
AL Smith. But in some respects, Mr.
La Guardia showed greater capacity
for survival than either.
|: BY birth and breeding Mr.. Roose.
velt took a natural place in govern.
ment. And while he was proclaimed
on Long Island, a traitor to his class
actually the well-born champion O.
the masses is a rather usual phe.
nomenon.
AL Smith, like Mr.. La Guardia
born in poor and, humble circum.
stances, still had his own kind a
his back and they are powerful IL
United States politics-the warm
clannish, superbly political Irish.
No place, no clan, no kind, no ira.
dition reinforced Mr.. La Guardia
To most people 1t is q surprise thai
he was Protestant, an Episcopalian
He found his way alone and no hero
markings ever brought any like
groups to his side.
The political lone wolf was tn,
perfect friend and family man ono,
he unbarred the fortress Of his home
He made 1t rule as Mayor not tx
extend his social acquaintance-ant
would-be lionizers from Mrs. Van.
derbilt down, or up, got no chance
But within his home he poured ou
in relaxed amiability q rich treasure
of wisdom, wit, storytelling anc
simple family love. Those friends
he had he indeed grappled to hi,
soul with hoops of steel; from her,
on in they will be little lonesome
Evening star., 1947-09-23

the trip by visit Henry MeLemore.
ing a witch doctor. Yes, that's
what I said-a witch doctor. The
public market at Cuzco abounds with
witch doctors. They are as plentiful
as peddlers of fruit, vegetables and
woven goods.
BY witch doctor I mean witch
doctoress. The sellers of curative
herbs and minerals are all women,
and they are all of an age that gives
them the charm and glamour of
hags. Each sits behind a booth, and
each Is robed in a woolen blouse.
half a dozen cotton skirts, and the
felt derby which is the height of
fashion among the Indian women.
Tt is said that the women never
change their skirts, that as they get
dirty they just put on a new one,
with the result that you can almost
tell a woman's age as well by the
number of her skirts as you can tell
the age of tree by it's rings.
No Use for Vitamins.
The Indians place great faith In
the witch doctors. No high-falutin
medicine for then. They would
rather have a prescription COM
pounded by one of the super quacks
than all the vitamins turned out in
year in the States.
I visited one who must correspond
to all of the late brothers Mayo.
Her booth was far and away the
fmost extensive in the market, and
she wore, in addition to her regular
costume, pounds Of silver jewelry
Her counters were loaded with ex-
otic, weird roots. varicolored min
erals, and ground up fur of all de-
scriptions. In all, she must have had
between 80 and 100 various potions.
Through an interpreter-Mr. De