Evening star., 1947-11-03

treaties. announcements by the
President and statements by the
Secretary of State"
Criticism of Reds Frequent.
With the exception of the chap
ters on the inter-American system
and dependent areas, criticism of
Russia is frequent and sharp
throughout the survey. Soviet
policy and tactics are pictured as
the chief obstacles to the restora-
ton of peaceful relations and eco
.nomic order throughout the world.
The survey charges Russia and
its satellites. Poland. Hungary,
Rumania, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia.
with violating their pledges to hold
free elections Russia also is &C
cused of blocking the negotiating
and applying" of treaties with Italy,
Austria, Finland and Korea.
The report does not mention the
Marshall Plan by name, although
it is discussed at length. In
explaining the plan, the report
declares:
THE United States is keenly
aware that free governments dem
.ocratic institutions cannot thrive
where poverty and distress are
rampant, and that political sta
bility becomes precarious where
economic conditions deterioate. The
American government therefore
proposes to extend economic aid
to the nations that are willing to
help themselves
Summary of Major Chapters.
Highlights of the major chapters
are as follows:
Dependent areas-'The American
government feels that its response
bilities for security, defense and
preservation of peace in the Pacific
require that the former Japanese
inundated islands shall be admin
istered as a strategic area; that is,
one in which the administering
authority may for security reasons
close certain specified areas to in
spection and report"
Atomic energy and conventional
Although the United
States has traditionally favored dis
it does not intend to re-
peat the tragic policy of unilateral
and unregulated disarmament fol-
lowed by this country in the years
between the first and second world
wars. 1t is the first intention of
the United States to keep sufficient
forces at its command to maintain
the inherent right of individual or
collective self defense as recognized
by article 81 of the U. N. Charter.
The overwhelming majority of
the members of the U. N. Atomic
Energy Commission has supported,
with only slight modification. the
basic principles recommended by
the United States as set forth on
June II, 1916, by Mr.. Bernard
Baruch, the American member. The
Soviet Union, however, has argued
that atomic weapons should be
destroyed at once, in advance of
the establishment of adequate safe
guards to protect complying states
from the hazards of violation.
u. S. Wanted Control First.
THE Soviet doctrine has been re-
jected by a vote of 10 to l in the
commission on the ground that such
an approach would be an inadequate
and ineffective solution to the prob
lem of international control of
atomic energy In the absence of
unanimous agreement on these
problems, the Atomic Energy Com
mission may find itself unable to
fulfill its responsibility for drafting
plans for international control.
1--WE believe that first things come
first and that atomic energy should
be regulated before conventional
disarmament Our Government
does not wish to scrap its conven-
tional armaments if such action
will contribute to a resurgence of
aggression in the world"
European recovery-"European eco
nomic recovery will be long and
difficult task. Furthermore, unless
the War-devastated nations regain
economic health, the peace of the
world and the other goals of Ameri-
can foreign policy may be seriously
threatened. Not only is an econom-
ically healthy world likely to be a
peaceful world, but tolerable mini
mum standards of living are the
minimum essential for the survival
or growth of those democratic insti-