davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-02-18
Farm Prefubricution

Surveys show that a sizable pro-
portion of the Nations 100000
farmers intend to erect new build
ings and remodel old, ones in the
near future. AS the confusion of
the housing muddle subsidies and
the old law of supply and demand
reasserts itself an interesting new
angle to farm building has appeared.
Already some seventy-f1ve companies
are manufacturing prefabricated
buildings for farm USE Mail order
companies, steel companies, local
lumber concerns. and farm CO.
operatives have entered the field
that will probably sell $4,000, 100000
worth of building materials in the
next ten years. At the present time
farmers can purchase buildings pre-
fabricated and ready to assemble
all the way from an inexpensive
small hoghouse to a sectional dairy
barn that runs into thousands of
dollars.
This is comparatively new and
important industry for the Nation.
Traditionally, farmers have gotten
out their own lumber in the winter,
had 1t sawed at local mill and
constructed their buildings during
the less rushing periods of the
farms operations. Now with farm
labor scarce and expensive, farmers
have discovered 1t is more econom-
ical to buy buildings manufactured
by mass production methods. An
other reason is also important in
the amazing growth of prefabricated
farm structures. The engineering
departments of the companies in
cooperation with the scientists of
the State agricultural colleges and
universities have planned the build
ings for efficiency in chores. The
average farmer and his hired men
walk hundreds of unnecessary miles
per year due to the inefficiency Of
barn arrangement AS competition
grows keener in the future, use OF
time on the farm will be major
criterion in profitable production.
Ffreproofed wood and steel sectional
buildings scientifically planned will
be more efficient and reduce fire
hazards. Farmers have subStan-
tial backlog of savings. 1t seems
certain that in the years ahead
prefabricated buildings will play an
increasingly important part in
bringing the Nations farm plants
up to date.
Evening star., 1947-02-18

II Is vital that United States national
defense be adequate in this still uneasy
world. To be adequately prepared to
meet any and all attacks, from what
ever source, costs money. 1t costs money
at a time when the American people
are under q staggering burden OF ma
tional debt and heavy taxes. The PROB
lem, therefore, in part, becomes one OF
adequate defense at the lowest possible
cost.
Congress, the representatives OF the
American people, is being pulled both
ways-by those who demand an ade-
ouate military outlay on the one hand
and on the other by those who demand
economy of Government expenditure TO
get the country out of the financial
morass in which it finds itself.
One way out is to go to system OF
universal military training, making 1t
unnecessary to keep huge standing
Army drawing the highest pay in all
the history of military forces This
could well be an answer by proponents
of the proposed -billion-dollar cut IN
the Presidents budget to the walls that
come from those who do not wish the
budget cut-or cut so much. Some OF
those who protest against the budget
slash, while they seek to use national
defense as their argument, are really
interested in no cuts at all in the budget
and the retention of millions OF per-
sons on the Federal payroll and the ex-
tension of all kinds of so-called social
services.
X p
It has been argued by some that II
the proposed cut in the budget goes
through, universal military training Will
be a dead issue-that there viii be no
money for it. On the contrary, if the
budget goes through, universal military
training, if adopted now, may save the
national defense which, it has been
charged, will be hamstrung by the cut
ting of funds for large standing Army.
Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, jr., OF Mas
sachusetts, veteran of the last war and
intensely interested in the problem OF
national defense, In letter to DR.. Karl
T. Compton, chairman Of the Presi-
dents Advisory Committee on Military
Training. has demanded that the COM
Evening star., 1947-02-18
Tasks to Finish First

Far-sighted planning is necessary
to insure orderly development of the
fast-growing Metropolitan Area. 1t
was in recognition of this fact that
planners employed by the Federal
Works Agency have drawn up a
grandiose preliminary blueprint
for an auxiliary Federal commu-
nifty" in the Suitland area, as de-
scribed in recent articles by Rudolph
Kaufman, II, of The Stars staff.
But it is important to keep in mind
that any such project must await its
turn on the list of urgent things to
be done for the improvement of the
Nations Capital.
Many of the plans adopted in the
past for relieving the growing
pains" of Washington are yet to be
realized in completed form. Much
progress has been made, it is true,
in developing the Mall, the Federal
Triangle, the blocks just north of
the Lincoln Memorial. East Capitol
street extended and other areas.
Much remains to be done in all of
these undertakings, however. The
old Post Office Building still blocks
completion of the Internal Revenue
Building, the program for Federal
construction in the area lying be-
tween the Interior Department and
the Potomac River is incomplete and
the East Capitol -Anacostia River
development is still long way from
full realization.
All of these improvements were
planned years ago and approved by
Congress as essential to the city's
progress. They have lost none of
their urgency with the passing of
the years and with the phenomenal
population increase of the fastest
growing large city in America" Com
pletion of these priority projects
will relieve much of the congestion
which the planners point to in look
ing ten, twenty or fifty years ahead
to a possible suburban Federal
City, near Suitland. And there is
still a lot of federally owned land
within the District of Columbia
which could be put to better use
than the Government now is putting
1.-THE Soldiers Home reservation,
to cite just one example.
1t is not too early, of course, to
look beyond these priority projects
to the inevitable time when the CEN
tral Federal City will extend well
beyond the present borders of the
District. Careful planning now will
avoid needless makeshift expedients,
confusion and expense later on.
Meanwhile it behooves the Govern
ment to concentrate it's energies on
finishing important tasks already
started or planned.
Evening star., 1947-02-18
Voice of America

Elsewhere on this page, in his in
teresting series of articles, The
Stars Newbold Noyes, jr., makes
clear that the United States Govern
ment is just feeling its way in
inaugurating daily radio broadcasts
to Russia. Frankly an experiment,
it is no substitute, not even remotely,
for free exchange of news between
our two countries. But it is sig
niflcant to the extent that it repre-
sentS the first direct effort to get at
least a little bit of the American
viewpoint behind the so-called iron
curtain"
We are trying the same thing in
twenty-four other foreign-language
broadcastS to other parts of the
world We are trying to give our
version of events. as effectively as
possible, to faraway peoples. There
are all too many countries where
governments doctor the news and
where there is no free press to take
the curse off the doctoring. Under
such conditions, if the American
position is to get hearing of any
sort. we are justified in doing our
best to get that hearing. The ideal
arrangement would be to have a
universal agreement to let infor-
nation flow back and forth unham-
pered and uncensored anywhere.
Lacking that, there is every reason
to do whatever we can with intelli-
gent radio programs.
AS far as the Russians are con-
cerned, it is doubtful that our pres
ent efforts will lead them to object
officially. At any rate, since they
broadcast every day to us (the re-
ception is weak. it seems unlikely
that they will make an issue of our
broadcasting to them. Moreover,
even if tempted to protest or to
Jam" our programs. the Soviet
government probably feels disin-
clined to worry about the number of
ears that will hear us. After all,
although we have powerful short
wave transmitting facilities, there
are relatively very few receiving sets
In Russia, and most Of these prob
Evening star., 1947-02-18
The Political Mill
Bv Gould Lincoln

mittee concern itself primarily with the
question, "Is compulsory military train
ing necessary at all?" In Mr. Lodges
opinion the American people will never
agree-through their representatives in
Congress-to the adoption of a system
of universal military training unless
they are convinced that it Is actually
needed for the protection Of the coun-
try, But once convinced-then the
people will fall in with the idea.
The Massachusetts Senator called at
tention to the fact that. the maintenance
Of armed forces requires money and
manpower. Appropriating money is, he
said, a serious thing. But it is not as
difficult as appropriating manpower. In
this country the supply of manpower Is
limited, with only a definite amount to
be divided among industry, agriculture,
the professions, ETC., and the armed
services For that reason, he continued,
Congress will have to decide between
voluntary and a compulsory system Tor
national defense.
If Mr.. Lodges contention is correct -
that the American people must be In
formed fully as to the necessity OF
universal military training and con-
vinced 1t is needed - then a lot OF
extraneous conversation can be done
away with. If military training Is alb
solutely essential for the preservation OF
the Nation-or even if it is merely the
best way of preparing for national de-
tense - other arguments against such
system are trivial.
This country has vast industrial re-
sources which can be converted with
reasonable speed to war purposes. They
can be converted, however, because the
individuals engaged in industry are
trained to handle tools and machines.
The country has great manpower which,
too, can be converted to war purposes.
But it takes time for such conversion
when men are not trained for military
service. Twice this country has been
given time to train men after 1t has
been drawn into war. The next war, II
there is one, will not be so considerate
Of the American people. The next war
will come direct to the shores Of this
country. It may be too Late to train.
Evening star., 1947-02-18
u. S.-Cunudion Defense

The joint defense agreement be-
tween the United States and the
Dominion of Canada, published
simultaneously ins Washington and
Ottawa, is continuation of the CO.
operative practices initiated by the
two governments when they set up
a Joint Defense Board in 1910. The
present agreement is neither a
formal treaty nor military alli-
ance. 1t is an informal, flexible
instrument, best described by the
diplomatic term entente" which
means an understanding.
The State Department has empha-
sized it's consistency with the Char
ter of the United Nations, while
Prime Minister Mackenzie King has
pointed out before Parliament that
it in no way impinges upon Cana
dian sovereignty or alters relations
with the British Commonwealth. In
each instance, the idea is stressed
that this understanding will re-
dound to the defensive advantage
of each country and promote world
security.
Nevertheless, there is shift in
emphasis regarding the specific
measures envisaged under the
agreement. This is due to the pro-
found change in global strategy and
tactics, since the understanding OF
1910. Within that relatively short
period Of time the extension of long
range aviation, the perfection of
guided missiles, and the advent of the
atomic bomb, have for the first time
IN human history rendered the
Arctic a potential field of major
military operations. And that fact
renders both the United States and
Canada vulnerable in wholly new
way. This has been emphasized by
our top-fight military spokesman
Just before his retirement as head
of the Army Air Forces, General
Hap" Arnold declared that "if
there is a third World War, its
strategic center will be the North
Pole" And in similar vein, the
present head, General Carl Spaatz,
warned that I'VE are wide open at
the top"
The vast extent of Arctic frontier,
stretching from the western tip of
American Alaska to the Canadian
archipelagos off the northwestern
tip of Danish Greenland, logically
requires co-ordinated United States
Canadian efforts to establish an
Evening star., 1947-02-18
ably are owned by faithful party

ably are owned by faithful party
members.
Yet every bit helps. The "Voice of
America" programs to the Russian
people may make a negligible i'm
preston at first, but little by little,
as they continue, they may succeed
in spreading our story where it has
never been heard before. Certainly
they can do no harm. If only to
dramatize how badly the world
needs freedom of information. the
experiment is we'll worth trying.
Dramatic it enough and perhaps
some day in a more enlightened time
the need will be satisfied.
Evening star., 1947-02-18
This and That
Bu Charles E. Tr1ceUeH.
ARLINGTON, Va.

Dear Sir:
"I noticed bird at our feeding station
in the back yard and am unable to
identify it. Would appreciate your COM
ment.
"A brief description, as remember it,
is as follows: Size and shape of English
sparrow. Color, definite pinkish brown,
bill, slightly pinkish. Head stripes, gray
and brownish, but rather faint.
"I saw this bird early one morning.
Sincerely, w. P. L."
X X X
This bird probably was the purple
finch, either a female, or second-year
male.
Both of these lack the extreme rosy
tints of the older male purple finch, but
still have plenty of pink in them.
These finches come here during Feb
ruary, on their way North.
They are among the finest and most
distinctive songsters to visit Washington
and vicinity.
The day they are first seen in any
garden must remain true red-lettef
day for any observer.
The beauty of this species is that 1t
becomes lovelier day by day, and year by
year.
Its annual return is looked forward to.
And every sight of it convinces the
observer that this is a royal creature,
wearing the rosy-dawn colors of the
ancient Romans.
The purple dawn, of which the an
clients were so fond, really was rosy
dawn, and something OF that royal de-
gree is in these feathers.
Ivy fo
afraid to come to any feeding station,
where they conduct themselves very well.
The females and young males lack
the definite rosy tints, but are nice to
look at, nevertheless.
X X
BETHESDA, Md.
Dear Sir:
"A most unusual bird has been coming
(since February y to our feeding tray.
at is a bay (brown) color, with black
and white wing bars which continue on
down to the tail to form three VS..
"It is a small bird, but has the bill
of the larger grosbeak type of bird.
There is yellow and olive green about
the head, and the breast is yellowish.
Can you identify it?
Yours truly, M. S. N"
X X X
This must have been goldfinch in its
winter dress but beginning to get its
spring and summer coat
The goldfinch, commonly called wild
canary, is often mistaken for something
else.
In fact, it is seen a great many times
by observers who cannot quite place it.
This is because of its changes in color,
according to season.
The fact is that not all watchers real
ize in advance just what pretty little
bird the goldfnch is
Having heard of wild canaries, they
are looking for something resembling
the pet cage birds.
What they see is beauty, too, and
often so "snappy" in appearance that
they, the observers, cannot quite bring
themselves to accept this one as "just
a wild canary"
Goldf1nches love to perch on the tops
of plants, bend them down, at times
almost to the ground.
This is so characteristic Of wild Ca
naries that often they can be identified
by this one trait.
Evening star., 1947-02-18
'PipeIine' Lend-Leuse

The Russians have ignored re-
peated requests to negotiate a final
settlement of their $11,000,0 100000
lend-lease account with us. On its
face, this would seem to argue
strongly against the State Depart
ment's contention that the so-called
pipeline" agreements obligate us
to send them an additional $25,000,-
600 worth of material. Actually,
however, the contention makes
sense, and it affects not only Russia
but other countries as well.
After Japan's surrender our lend
lease operations we're drastically re-
vised, but with two important con-
siderations in mind: First, that the
program could not be ended abrupt
ly without hurting countries de-
pendent on us for essential goods
while reconverting their war econo-
mics; and second. that sudden end
would be blow to our own indus
tries working on orders for these
countries. Accordingly, special
agreements were made with Russia,
Britain, France, Australia and others
to cover the delivery of a bit more
than $1,0O0,000,00O worth of "on-
order" civilian type material in the
lend-lease pipeline" as of VI Day.
Under the agreements the recipients
committed themselves to pay for it
on long-term credit arrangements
that included payment of shipping
costs.
Immediately before adjournment,
however, and after these agreements
had been made. the last session of
Congress adopted a measure declar-
ing that lend-lease administrative
funds could not be used to pay
shipping expenses on "pipeline"
goods after December 81. 1946. Most
of our commitments were delivered
by that time, but not all of them
were, delays having been caused by
strikes, material shortages and SINH
lar factors. The situation thus boiled
down to this: Unless the shipping
expense money could be made avail
able somehow, the balance of the
shipments would be held up after
December 81. So the State Depart
ment arranged to have the govern
ments involved put up the necessary
cash (Russia, for instance, sent us
certified check. This was done on
the understanding that the sums
they put up would be deducted from
anything they might owe us at the
time of a final accounting. AS ex-
planned by Lend-Lease Administra-
tor Chester T. Lane, this was fair
and reasonable condition since these
countries were already committed to
pay the shipping costs on credit
terms In other words. the condi-
ton guaranteed against double
payment.
Nevertheless, looking upon this
stopgap arrangement as a "subter-
fuge," the Controller General has
refused to approve shipping-expense
vouchers without specific congress
sional permission. That permission
is needed now. The State Depart
ment argues convincingly for it. The
issue ought not to be confused with
final lend-1ease settlements. Russia
can hardly fail to negotiate with us
on this point sooner or later. Mean
while, we are committed to make
shipments to several other countries
as well. If Congress fails to act
favorably, the goods will have to be
declared surplus, in which case they
probably will sell for much less than
under the pipeline" agreements.
Evening star., 1947-02-18

effective defense system. That Is
the basis of the current agreement.
It's implementation will proceed ac-
cording to the military experiments
now being conducted by the armed
forces of both nations, and in the
light of changes in world politics
and diplomacy.
Evening star., 1947-02-18

In the American system, every
baby born today has a chance to
become President of the United
States--and If the baby happens
to be twins. may also become Gov
ernors of Georgia.
Evening star., 1947-02-18

It is surprising how few, If any,
New Deal Congressman hit by the
congressional bank blow-up have
comforted themselves with the
thought that it really makes no diff
ference because they owe the money
to each other.
Evening star., 1947-02-18
Wants Passageways Removed

To the Editor Of The Star
Your editorial on "An Ugly Hang Over"
was most appropriate. 1t is believed that
it probably will be several years before
these temporary buildings are removed
It would appear, however, that pressure
should be exerted on the proper agencies
to remove Immediately the overhead per-
sonnel bridges that cross the Reflection
Pool. These bridges are unsightly and do
directly affect one of the most beautiful
spots in Washington, spot continually
visited by the thousands of tourists who
one to Washington. J. A. WILSON.
Evening star., 1947-02-18
Waiting Lists Need Revision


AS a returning veteran, together with
many others, have been in search Of
an apartment, including advertising for
several months, and although I have
obtained one effective March /, 1947,
through The Star, have suggestion
which may prove of value to veterans
and nonveterans as well.
In going from apartment house to
apartment house, it appears that more
often than not person is advised that
during the past few years many persons
placed their names on waiting lists in
numerous places and are still on the
lists although they have subsequently
obtained adequate quarters.
In order that these listings may be
brought up to date by deleting names
not necessary and permitting new peo-
pie to apply for apartments, it is sug-
gested that voluntary plan be started
by requesting people who have placed
names with various agents and subse-
quently have obtained apartments to
notify the other agents by penny post
card to remove their names lists not
necessary.
This plan would prove beneficial to
real estate firms and individuals con-
cerned. WILLIAM H. BAIER.
Sugar for Army's Dogs?
To the Editor c. The Star
I think it is about time that some one
started campaign to investigate sugar
rationing in this country, and I can
think of no better way than through
the newspapers.
7 have just finished reading "An Army
Wife Lives Very Soft-in Germany" in
the February Is issue of the Saturday
Evening Post. Mrs. Berry writes of an
officers wife whose sick dog was put on
milk-sugar-w -white-brea diet by the
veterinarian. This dog consumes in 10
days the amount of sugar allotted to
American children for three months.
There must be something radically
wrong with the OPA if the Army of
Occupations dogs are permitted more
sugar than American children and
adults.
Another thing, the administration
claims that taxes cannot be cut. May
ask if it is necessary that Army people
receive such high salaries when their
cost of living is so low? Or, if they must
receive such high salaries, why are they
then permitted to buy luxuries tax-free,
and food at 40 per cent less than it
costs in the United States? I think a
little investigation on this score might
be in order on behalf of the hard
pressed taxpayers of the United States.
D. HANSEN.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1947-08-16
up and DOWN Parish Street
By PERCY RENE

made her way home from the pre-
ture show, where she left to go
early the night before. when he
suddenly heard the news and after
findin she was tire, went and
applid for a divorce instead Of her
release. And the wife who heard
that her spouse was there who
told her the reason he didn't get
in until after twelve the next day.
Went to see lawyer instead Of
the garage man, The answer
would be almost who fried a div
Night before.
SOMETHING IN THE WIND:
The other day my favorite Far
ish Street Waitress, Edna-of-the-
Blackstone, blushing and with
that full faced smile that only she
can do up. Shyly told me, Mr..
Editor, I believe I am going to
have something for Up and Far
ish Street in a few days.
GRATITUDE
Wat / thouht was one of the
best demonstration of loyalty !
had seen along the Ole Avenue
was "BEARTRACKS" girl friend
button holeing folks to get him
out the clink during his last re-
cent incarceration. The other day
after she had succeeded in gett-
ing himsprung. | was talking to
him abont the God fortune he had
had in such a girl friend, and to
nv astonisment! Heup's and says
to me, man! | done quit that
Broad.
WEEKLY QUOTATION:
"The right to vote must be open
to all our citizens irrespective of
race color or creed-without tax
or artificial restrictions of any
kind. The sooner We get to that
better it will be for the country
as a whole" Franflin D. Roosevelt.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1947-08-16

the white man over the head with
a pistol and robbed him of aro-
und $4,000.