Evening star., 1947-02-05
BY The Asseeiafsd Press

Nations foLlotcs.'
To the Congress OF the United
States:
In accordance with the provisions
Of the United Nations Participation
Act of 1s45, submit herewith my
first annual report to the Congress
lon the activities Of the United Ma
tons and the participation OF the
United States therein.
The charter of the United Nations
came into force as fundamental
law for the peoples Of the world
on October IA, 1945. The General
Assembly convened for the first time
lin London in January, 1916. It
elected the secretary general anc
brought into being the Security
Council, the Economic and Social
Council and the international Court
Of Justice.
Principal Organs Established.
In December, 1S46, at the second
part Of its first session. in New York
the General Assembly completed Its
main organizational tasks by estab-
fishing the Trusteeship Council
Thus all of the principal organs OF
the United Nations have now beer
established. All of them, except the
Trusteeship Council, have been
working on their appointed tasks
during most of the past year.
The policy Of the United States, as
told the General Assembly In New
York on October %, 1916, is to sup
port the United Nations with all the
resources that we possess - not q
a temporary expedient but as per-
manent partnership"
That policy--in season and out
In the face of temporary failure al
well as in moments Of succesS-has
the support Of the overwhelming
majority Of the American people. II
must continue to have this sup
port If the United States is to fulfill
its appointed role IN the United
Nations, If the United Nations is tc
fulfill its purposes and. II our lano
is to be preserved from the disaster
of another and far more terrible
war.
In the work of the United Ma
tions during the past year the
United States has sought con-
stantly to carry out that policy
Our representatives have spoken for
the whole Nation. They have been
Democrats and Republicans, MEM
bers of. both the executive and legis-
lative branches Of our Government,
men and women from private life.
Building Foundations.
The work of the United Nations
during the past year has been the
work of building foundations for the
future.
First Of all, there have been the
structural foundations. The As
sembly, the Councils, the Court and
the Secretariat have had a vast
amount of organizational work to do
in order to establish themselves as
functioning agencies OF the interna-
tional community. Much of this has
been pioneering work. The whole
structure of the United Nations is
a far more extensive ~endeavor in
international cooperation than the
nations have ever before attempted.
The essential parts Of this struc-
ture include not only the principal
organs established by the Charter.
They include equally the specialized
agencies, such as the Food and Ag-
riculture Organization, the Interna-
tional Labor Organization, the
United Nations Educational, Scien-
tific and Cultural Organization, the
International Civil Aviation Organ
ization, the International Bank for
Reconstruction and Development,
the International Monetary Fund,
the proposed World Health Organ
ization and International Trade Or
ganization and several others. Each
of these specialized agencies oper-
ates in q specific field under its own
constitution. Each Is or will be re-
lated to the central structure Of the
United Nations through the Eco
nomic and Social Council and the
General Assembly. There Is scarcely
a field Of activity having common
interest for the peoples of the world
for which continuing instruments of
international cooperation have not
been developed during the past year.
Perhaps the most Immediately
significant development of the past
year in this direction was, the Cen
eral Assembly's demonstration Of
it's power to influence the policies
of nations and to bring about
greater understanding among them
The Assembly possesses few def
mite powers. It makes recommends
tions that can be translated into
effective law only by the action o1
the nations concerned. But the
Assembly during Its meetings ir
New York expressed higher SOW
ereignty Of the peoples will In q
manner which promises much fol
its development as a dominant
power for peace and progress ir
the world.
Give Meaning to Charter.
The building of the structural
foundations of the United Nations
during the past year has been &C.
companied by action over very
broad field toward giving life ano
meaning to the purposes and prin-
ciples of the Charter.
There has been progress toward
building security from war. Ster
by step we have advanced the first
part Of the way toward agreement
on the essential principles of q
truly effective international system
Of control over the means Of de-
struction that science has placed
in the hands Of mankind.
The initiative in the control o1
atomic energy and other major
weapons adaptable to mass destruc-
ton was taken by the United States
The resolution creating the Atomic
Energy Commission was adopted al
the first meeting of the General
Assembly In London. The United
States presented in the Atomic
Energy Commission last June its
proposals for international contro,
Of atomic energy. The Soviet Union
opposed these proposals, but the
commission worked throughout the
R~f L. .tII