davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Enakopravnost. [volume] (Cleveland, O.[Ohio]) 1918-1957, 1947-06-16

Medtem, ko je v Sloveniji
glavni problem ljudske prosvete
" tenn, da jo priblizamo zivljenju
in il damo novo vsebino, XII
fustreza danasnjim kulturnim
potrebam ljudstva in nalogam
pri izvrsevanju petletnega pla-
ma, je v ostalih ljudskih repub-
likah ma jugu najvaznejse vpra-
sanje ljudske prosvete se vedno
odpravljanje nepismenosti. Do
kler so mnozice nepismene, 81
nasa nova kultura tezko ultra
pot med ME, ker dobra knjiga
Jim v glavnem posreduje znanje
in nov, napreden pogled ma svet.
Letosnja kampanja "a odpra-
vo nepismenosti je bila v vseh
ljudskih republican ze bolj ma
crtna in bolje organizirana ka-
kor lansko zimo, zato je rodila
itudi vecje uspehe. Lani Sc MISC
imeli izkusenj, primanjkovalo je
sposobnih voditeljev "a tecaje,
pa tudi prostorov, ker mnogo
solskih poslopij Sc nj bilo OBJ
novljenih. Poleg tega je bilo tre-
ba premagovati ponekod tudi
velike psiholoske tezave, XII so
Sc porajale il starih, podedova-
min predsodkov, zlasti med mus
limanskim prebivalstvom.
Letos pa je bill tudi v tenn po-
gledu led ze prebit. Tisti, XII so
Sc naucili pisati med lansko
kampanjo, SO postal v svojem
.veselju najboljsi propagatorji
analfabitskih tecajev. Vsepo-
vsod so Sc nepismeni z veseljem
prijavili tecaje, cello starci in
starke, le da je nekaterim oh
tezavah spet upadel pogum, "a
to je uspeh kampanje v glavnem
zavisel cd voditeljskega kadra.
K uspehu letosnje kampanje
je najvec pripomoglo ucitelj-
stvo. Marsikak ucitelj ali ucite-
ljica je poIeg vsakdanjega della
v soil vodil Sc po diva ali tri anal
fabetske tecaje nkrati. Veliko
pa so storile tudi mnozicne orga-
nizacije, sindikati, AFz in MIA
dinske organizacije tenn, da so
izvrsile kolikor. toliko tocen po-
pis nepismenih, kar nj bio lahko
delo, in da so dale ma razpola-
go voditelje in prostore "a teca-
ie. Posebno resno in aktivno je
posegla v kampanjo "a odpravo
nepismenosti mladina, XII je Sc
stavila v nekaterih ljudskih re-
publikah, kjer predstavlja ne
pismenost najvecjo oviro splos-
mega napredka, ma primer Ma
kedoniji, posebne brigade, XII so
Sc razsle po vasen in ucile ljudi
pisati. Pri tenn sc MISC ustrasile
nobene tezave.
z zagrizeno vnemo odpravlja-
jo nepismenost tudi med mia
dinci ma mladinski progi samac-
Sarajevo. Temu ustrezajo tudi
uspehi. TIE dni zaradi pomladan-
skin del ma polju v glavnem "a
kljucujejo analfabetske tecaje v
vseh ljudskih republican. Po do
sedanjih rezultatih lahko racu-
namo, da Sc je preteklo limo ma
ucilo pisati v ana1fabetskih te-
cajih po vsej drzavi skupno
okrog pol milijona ljudi.
To je neprecenljiv uspeh pri
dviganju kulturne in tenn splo-
sne zivljenjske ravni nasih ma
rodov, sal zavisi uspeh gospo-
darske petletke prvi vrsti pray
cd zavednosti in izobrazbe vseh,
XII jo pomagajo izvrsevati.
Podatki O stevilu analfabet-
skin tecajev in tecajnikov v po-
safnezf1ih ljudskih republican, se
MISC dokoncni, vendar nudijo do
kaj dober pregled mad izvrsenim
delom. V Ljudski fepubliki Srbi-
il je bio okrog $4,000 analfa-
febtskih tecajev, v katere je "a
hajalo 276,000 nepismenih.
Enakopravnost. [volume] (Cleveland, O.[Ohio]) 1918-1957, 1947-06-16
Y kfoIisstvu flgrov

Izmed raznovrstnih zveri in
dijskega kraljestva je ilajne-
varnejsi bengalski tiger. Je se
lnevarnejsi in strasnejsi Cd leva,
XII je tamkaj strasil v starfh Ca
sih, a so ga ze tako iztrebili, da
ga le se malokje srecajo. Tiger
nj lie drzen, ampak tudi izredno
prekanjen, le zato je mogoce,
Eda je BE vedho gospodaf obsez-
nih pokrajin Indie. Njegov po-
gum, zdruzen z divjostjo in
naocjo, ne poz1la raej. Zato tudi
nina med zivalmi tekmeca. Use
[se ga boji, vse Sc ga izogiba.
LIE sion mu je kos. Tiger to do
bro We, cato ne pride rad S slo-
| nom V dotiko. Dvoboj S slonom
Sc navadno "a tigra slabo kor1-
LEA. Sion ina tako debeIo kozo,
da jo Sc tigrovi zobje komaj
[pregrizejo, razen tega so slono-
We noge in slime moci njegove-
ga rilca ze n1arsikaterega tigra
|dgonobile.
Izmed treh vrst azijskega IT,
gra: sibirskega bengalskega in
javajskega, je bengalski tiger
najvecji in najmocnejsi. z 80
en- do1gim repom vred doseze
|odrasel satnec do1zino 3m. Pre-
biva V dzung1ah, v goseavah in
grmovjih step. &c je lacen, Sc
pribliza tudi vasem in mestom
IN je ze1o predrzen. Je neutrud-
ljiv popotnik, XII v eni sami no.
ci prehodi in preisce do 40 KIM
do1go pot. V sill PLAYA ze1o da-
lee po derocih rekah in veleto-
kin. Donacini Sc ga zelo boje
| in vidijo v MEM bozjo kazen,
proti kateri SIC nj mogoce bori-
ii. Ze1o nerad in zelo redko Sc
domacin sprawl ma low proti tel
zveri.
Tiger 81 izbira tudi cloveske
zrtve. Ponekod tako nepresta-
no prezi ma cloveka, da Sc do
macini ne upajo vec IL svojih
vasi. V takih primerih Sc VIA
dar tiste pokrajine ali kak ev-
ropski lovec odloci "a lov ma
strasnega ljudozrea. Oh zelez-
nici, XII pelje skozi Hunglo Ma
dras, je toliko nevarnih tigrov,
da so morali sezidati posebno
moeno zgrajene euvajnice. v
prejsnjih cuvajnicah je MANFRED
tiger veckrat napadel cuvaje.
Ugotovii so, da je ena sama IT,
erica v enem letu faztrgala sti-
rideset ljudi. Seveda Sc tiger ne
loti vsakega cloveka. Je previ-
den in preracunljiv, kakor SO
vse maeke. ze cd dalee prav do
bro loci oborozenega Evropejca
cd sibkega domacina. Evropej-
ca bo le redkokdaj napadel, a
domaeina, posebno otroka pa
Sc takoj lott. Nerad pa Sc sreca
z canghjenn, indijskhn divjim
psom, XII je podoben srednje ,ve-
likemu hrtu. ri psi love v krde-
lih in ne lajajo. Svojo zrtev OBJ
krozajo z vedno manjsimi krogi
in jo nazadnje n napadejo vsi
hkrati. Morda Sc tiger boji NIL
hove mnozine. Ali tudi neslisni
naein njihovega Iowa mu najbrz
nj vsec.
Tigra love ma razne nacine.
Najveckrat S sloni, S katerih
hrbtov streljajo lovci mani. Ia
naein Iowa Sc najbolj prilega "a
bengalske stepe, kjer je trava
tako costa in visoka, da sc clo-
vek ne bi moge1 preriti skozi
MO. Ali ne predstav1jajmo 81
tega nacina Iowa kot streljanja
v tarco, pri cenur so lovci v
kosarah ma s1onovem hrbtu po-
vsem ma Vafnem. Tudi tax Low
je nevaren in zahteva od lovca
izredne hladnokrvnosti in paz-
lJvosti. Res je, sloni SO nairni
IN ma TAX low navajeni. Ali ven
dar Sc zgodi, da napade tiger
slona in sc mora Ia braniti. Pri
tenn seVeda Sc ne more mirno
Enakopravnost. [volume] (Cleveland, O.[Ohio]) 1918-1957, 1947-06-16

Cost: "Oce krcmar! Ia zajec
je star vsaj stirinajst dni, ker
smrdi kakof kuga!"
Krcmar:: i no, kaj zato!
Snesti Sc mora, in ali mislte, da
SO bonn pojedel sam ?''
Enakopravnost. [volume] (Cleveland, O.[Ohio]) 1918-1957, 1947-06-16
Dober svet krcnlarjen

DOber svet krcm&rjem
Cost: "Koliko piva potocite
ma teden, oce krcmar?"
Krcmar: 'tEj, malo, malo, ko-
maj po deset veder!"
" Cost: "A JAZZ vem, ,kako bi
lahko potocili po petnajst veder
ma teden?"
Krcmar: Prosim vas, povej-
te mi, kako!"
Cost: "Ako boste ljudem, XII
prihajajo K vam v kremo, tocili
polne vreke, a ne tako, da je
pri vsakem vrcku' "a dobra diva
prsta mani pijace!" @a.
Enakopravnost. [volume] (Cleveland, O.[Ohio]) 1918-1957, 1947-06-16
kaj Bog " nebesih della?

Il K verozakonski preizkusnji
pride dekan. Ucenci so vsi do
bro odgovarjali, posebno Sc je
odlikoval eden. Dekan zeli cd
kateheta vec izpovedi o tenn dec
ku. Ko mu ga Ratchet opise "a
jako bistroumnega decka, Sc ho-
&c dekan sam prepricati o tel
deckovi bistroumnosti. "No,
Slavko," rece dekan deeku, "ker
81 tako prebrisane glave, goto-
vo tudi lahko poves, kaj zdaj
Bog v nebesih della? &c mi prav
odgovoris, dobis razen navad-
mega darila Sc cd meme stiri po-
marance." Decek nekaj casa str
mo gleda dekana, potem odgo-
vori pogumno: "Gospod dekan,
&c mi pa vi sami prav odgovo-
rite ma svoje vprasanje, vam
dam JAZZ sedem pomaranc'' =
Evening star., 1947-11-18

not to try it. This is an extraordinary
new twist to his extraordinary offensive
against "warmongers." Ever since he be-
gan that offensive. there has been great
stream Of documented argument to prove
the colossal untruth of his charges. But
this has not succeeded in softening the
nature of his attack; on the contrary, he
has merely increased the virulence of his
language to the point of making it seem
that the United States is moving closer
and closer to criminal adventure.
If it is futile to try to convince Mr..
Vishinsky that he is viciously wrong, it
is even more futile to try to understand
what the Soviet Union hopes to gain from
having him continue to mouth his fabri-
cations in our midst. His line as Deputy
Soviet Foreign Minister Is beginning to
verge on libel of sort that depicts us as
a dishonorable people with dishonorable
and conspiratorial government. How long
can he keep this up without becoming
persona non grata? How better could any
man incite anti-Russian feeling in Amer
lea? Mr. Vishinsky would be much nearer
the truth If he addressed to himself the
accusations he has been f1inging at others.
Evening star., 1947-11-18

In France, and the Communists on the
left, the second most powerful party. This
has left Premier Ramadier in such diff
cult and shaky position that his cabinet
faces a complete overhauling, with him
self apparently to be replaced by former
Premier Reynaud.
Thus, in both countries, the taut rs-
litical atmosphere. together with the dis
content caused by economic hard times, Is
clearly q boon to the Communists. and
they can be counted upon to make the
most of it. It would be self-delusion to
shrug off this danger as inconsequential
1t cannot be shrugged off, If it Is to be
met and overcome. the antitotalitarian
parties of France and Italy must submerge
their factional differences and rally be-
hind decisive governmental action to pre-
serve order. Given that, plus prompt
congressional approval of emergency aid,
we can be reasonably sure that the Kremlin
will be denied the chaos it Graves.
Evening star., 1947-11-18
Old School Buildings

TO tfe Editor Of The Star
Will you explain the antipathy toward old
buildings, old school buildings especially?
cannot comprehend it. I received my entire
education in old buildings. Most of my teach
ing has been done in old buildings. 1t didn't
hurt me Or the children I have taught a bitl
always say that it's poor workman who
blames his tools.
In old buildings the rooms are large, the
ceilings high and there is adequate space in
the cloakrooms for the children to hang their
wraps. There are usually large closets and
several of them. The walls are thick, making
them warm in winter and the rooms are cool
in summer or late spring and early fall. Old
buildings are solid!
Mary of the new buildings lack these salient
qualities. Builders try out new inventions
which do not work. There are doors which
will not shut when opened or open when shut,
without Herculean effort on the part of the
teacher. Sometimes the custodian must be
called upon I know of new building with
q trick heating system. There is a double
grating in the outside wall OF the room making
direct air contact with the outside This fine
scheme was supposed to let the bad air out
and the good air in. What 1t really does Is
to let the warm air out and the cold air in
with blast. Everybody nearly froze to death!
LAURA K. POLLOCK.
Evening star., 1947-11-18
MarSarine and Butter

TO the Editor Of The star:
pamphlet have been reading claims that
the Federal tax Of 10 cents pound on colored
margarine is the publics protection against
margarine being sold for butter. Such claim
is preposterous when one considers the differ
ence between the merchandising methods Of
today and those of 81 years ago when the oleo
law was enacted.
In that gas-and oil illuminated era mar
garine, like butter, was put up in firkins and
tubs by the makers and dished out, weighed
and wrapped by the retailer in the presence OF
the customer. The practice afforded unscrup-
ulous retailers such as push cart peddlers op-
portunity to pass off margarine for butter.
Today butter and margarine, like many other
commodities, are weighed, packed and labeled
BY machines at the manufactures and retailed,
as every one knows, in one-pound cartons by
reputable chain stores or co-operatives where
1t is the policy to refund promptly the purchase
money if the article Is not as represented.
The big difference in the price of butter and
margarine today is factor that precludes the
latter being sold for butter. No reputable
ieweler sells glass for diamonds and gilt bricks
for gold. If the public would not patronize
swindlers and racketeers by buying butter from
unknown itinerant peddlers, there would be no
need Of 10-cent tax on margarine to protect
consumers Nowadays that Is about the only
way margarine can be successfully passed of
As butter. RALPH OWEN.
Evening star., 1947-11-18
LocoI Health inequalities

The Presidents Committee on Civil
Rights was highly critical OF racial IN
eoualities in Washington's health ana
medical facilities. Articles on this page
Yesterday and today have attempted
more balanced analysis of the situation.
In the field of public health, for example,
by far the greater proportion OF expendl-
lures is devoted to work among Negro
citizens. Segregation practices in private
hospitals, on the other hand, deny to pay
ing Negro patients facilities that are
available to white. The condition is one
that in justice should be corrected and
undoubtedly will be, though the process
may not be as rapid as might be wished.
The complaint that Negro physicians
and medical students are denied certain
opportunities at Gallinger, although about
10 per cent of the patients there are col
ored, should be studied in relation to Gal
lingers role as a teaching hospital. The
subject Is discussed in todays article.
With Freedmen's Hospital offering the IA
cilities to Howard students that Gallinger
offers to students of George Washington
and Georgetown Medical Schools, further
division Of teaching facilities at Gallinger
has been considered impractical. The
statistics would indicate that the point
has substance.
At the same time, when it is considered
that Howard University now is turning out
about half of the Nations supply of Negro
physicians, every step should be taken to
assure these physicians an equality OF
teaching facilities in Washington. In the
field of communicable disease and in pSy-
chiatry, for example, teaching facilities at
Freedmen's are not commensurate with
those available at Gallinger. The Star
believes the whole community would ap-
plaud efforts by the white medical schools
and the Health Department to bring about
an arrangement that would assure to
Howard students adequate clinical in
struction in such fields. In addition to
supplying a very definite need, such a
step would be in line with the increasing
degree of cooperation between the white
and colored medical professionals trend
that If continued will eliminate many ex-
listing inequalities.
Evening star., 1947-11-18
Rock Creek Pork-Morninq

Look doDn along these aisles OF rustltng
trees,
Where the blue shadows lie so deep and
calm;
While leaues and limbs make flooding
hdrmonies
That blend into the richness OF psalm.
Look, and remember hotc this bright, pure
gold
Touches the bushes and the grass Nth
light.
Drink of this beauty, let your memory hold
This morning splendid soorld OF dark
and bright.
Take this briet loneliness and let 1t burn
Itself into your soul, lasting part;
For mornings such as this, do not return
Saue In some dreaming Dalley OF the
heart
That holds torevsr, In ito depths. such
scenes;
This singing Hight, these shadows, Ike dark
screens. BEATRICE RAW.
Evening star., 1947-11-18
The French-ItuIiun Danger

The Communists in France and Italy
are obviously on the move to give effect
to the Kremln'S resolve-as expressed
through the revived" Comintern to
wreck the projected American-dnanced
program for European recovery. Whether
or not they have received their orders
directly from Moscow, there can be no
doubt that their strike calls, rioting, in
cendiary propaganda, mob-incitement ap-
peals, and onlinous hints of impending
large-scale violence are all of piece with
Russia theological and economic offensive
against the western World-an offensive
aimed at forcing the whole continent
under the dominance of Soviet totali-
tarianism.
1t would be a foolish thing to under
estimate the capacity of the French and
Italian Communists to serve this aim.
Their numbers are large. They are tough
and we'll disciplined. They have tight
grip on the major labor unions. They are
expert in stirring up and capitalizing upon
mass discomfort, internal frictions, and
factionalism in opposing parties. In short,
politically and economically, they are in
q position to create trouble and chaos of
a kind that could conceivably plunge
France and Italy into civil war or at least
paralyze the effort to achieve recovery in
the two countries and in Western Europe
at large This can happen unless the
governments involved act firmly and
promptly to meet the menace head-on.
What we are seeing in France and Italy
is a deliberate acceleration of trouble
making at moment when our Congress is
beginning a special session to enact short
term emergency aid as prelude to the
long-range European Recovery Program.
The fact that there Is this acceleration
NAV reflect a measure of fear on the Krem-
Inns part-a feeling that the Communists
must act now if they are to have any real
success with the Comintern's objective.
Even so, whether they are touched with
panic or not, whether they are leading
from weakness rather than strength,
whether they believe that time is working
against them and that they must impro
wise desperate steps, they are, nevertheless,
capable of doing enormous harm If not
checked Accordingly, wholly apart from
the need for swift congressional action, the
situation demands that the French and
Italian governments take strong measures
of their own-without delay-to maintain
internal order.
But the demand for such measures is
one thing, and the ability to carry them
out is another. In the case of Italy, Pre-
mier de Gasperi is strengthening the ma
tional police force to cope with spreading
disorders, but his government does not
command a majority in the Italian Con-
stituent Assembly and 1t could readily fall
if the present situation grows critically
worse AS for the French government, the
recent municipal elections proved 1t to be
representative of a minority-a middle of
the-road coalition of moderates caught be-
tween two extremes, the De Gaullists on
the right as the most powerful single party
Evening star., 1947-11-18
Mr.. Vishinsky's Libel

Andrei Vishinsky has injected more or
less fresh note into his tiresomely repeti-
tious attack on "warmongers." His latest
outburst on the subiect-an address to the
National Council Of American-Soviet
Friendship-contains the usual diversions
of truth and the usual vilifcation OF
decent, peace-minded men like John Foster
Dulles. The only deviation from his GUS
tomary line is his assertion that public
opinion in our country is now receptive to
the idea of fighting Russia and that the
"inciters" of this feeling had better re-
member that the armed forces of the
U. s. S. R. are prepared to destroy any new
Napoleons or Hitlers.
In other words, Mr.. Vishinsky is sug-
gesting that the American people, having
been inf1amed by Mr. Dulles, former Sec
retary of State Byrnes and other prom
inent citizens who have been trying to
build a good peace, are now toying with
the idea of launching an armed assault on
Russia At the same time, singing the
praises Of Soviet might, he Is warning us
Evening star., 1947-11-18
A Sensible About-Fuce

Because Of the principle involved, the
case of the ten employees dismissed by the
State Department last June for security
reasons had assumed an Importance out
of all reasonable relationship to the
Importance of the Governments whole
loyalty program.
So the State Department has done the
sensible thing to reverse itself, to make
tacit admission that 1t was wrong, and to
permit seven of the employees to resign
without prejudice. Three already had
been given that privilege.
The principle involved was one of ele-
mental justice. The right Of the State
Department to rid itself of undesirable
employees of why they are
undesirable-has never been questioned.
But unless such employees are suspected Of
conscious disloyalty they should be per-
mitted either to defend themselves in the
knowledge of the accusations against
them or to resign. Otherwise, they would
leave the department under cloud which
would follow them for the rest of their
lives. Seeking private employment, every
door would be shut against them as soon
as any inquiry was made as to their past
employment in Washington.
The attorneys for the seven employees
the law firm of Arnold, Fortas and Porter
deserve credit for having accepted the
case without fee and pursuing it vigorously
because of the principle at stake. Much
more has now been accomplished than
delayed justice for the employees con-
cerned The case has thrown new light
on procedures to be followed in the loyalty
program and these procedures have been
reviewed and amended to guard against
similar or even more serious injustice in
the future
Evening star., 1947-11-18
Conspicuous Omission

Conspicuous oInlSSlOH
70 the Editor Of The Star:
have read with much interest your special
articles and editorials concerning conditions
in the psychiatric ward at Gallinger Hospital.
There appears to be one conspicuous omission
which may have bearing on fixing the re-
sponsibility for the conditions which were de-
scribed. There is, believe, an assistant health
officer, whose title is co-ordinator of health
and hospitals. No mention has been made of
his responsibility in the matters at issue Only
the Commissioners, the health officer, the
superintendent of the hospital, and the chief
of the psychiatric service, have been blamed
for the conditions which exist in the psychi-
atric wards at Gallinger Hospital. Is the CO.
ordinator of health and hospitals merely
f1gurehead? Perhaps there is another explana-
ton. Is 1t not fact that this same CO.
ofdinator permitted the health officer to
take the entire blame when certain undesirable
conditions at Gallinger were under investiga-
ton on one or more previous occasions?
This brings up some very interesting pos
sibilities. 1t may not be long before the
present health officer has. to retire. When that
time comes, will the Commissioners appoint as
health officer this man who, judging by his
title, Is supposed to have charge OF the
municipality controlled hospitals at the present
time but mysteriously and perhaps conven-
iently fades out OF the picture when trouble
appears? CURIOUS.
Evening star., 1947-11-18

how they would vote when they came to the
polls on November 4, indicates that they did
understand the situation and issues.
We sincerely appreciate your cooperation
in presenting the Arlington school issues to
the people in your news and editorial columns
We thank you for the effort which your staff
put forth to understand Arlington's school
situation for the sympathetic treatment you
gave it, and for the space that you devoted
to it.
School improvement is an undertaking IN
which the full cooperation of all the people
is needed. Upon taking office on January l,
1s4s, one of our continuing objectives will be
to keep the people of Arlington fully informed
regarding the school problems and programs
to solve them. We hope that you will CO.
operate with us in reaching this objective
as we fully recognize that the press Is .one
Of the most important media in developing
an informed and interested public.
ELIZABETH P. CAMPBELL,
BARNARD JOY,
COLIN C. MACPHERSON
o. GLENN STAHL,
CURTIS E. TUTHILL,
Members-elect of Arlington School Board.
Evening star., 1947-11-18
Arlington School Board
To the Editor Of The star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
In our recent campaign for the Arlington
School Board, we were very anxious that the
people of Arlington understand the school
situation and the issues involved In the elec-
ton. We know you agree with us that
we'll informed electorate is essential If our
democratic form Of government Is to function
most effectively. The unusually large number
Of voters and the fact that there seemed
10 be little doubt In their minds regarding