davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-12-15
Congressman and Their Butter

To the Editor Of The Star:
The members of Congress from the dairy
States can prevent the manufacturers Of Oleo-
margarine putting color in their product so
that it will not look like lard. But all diaries
use color know from experience. Congress
has voted itself-without asking the tax payer
"a 5000 boost, making $125oo year with
free Office rent, postage, clerk hire and many
other advantages. We are all taxed to pay for
this Meanwhile, the Congressman can afford
to buy butter at 81 q pound.
MRS. cHARL10N M. CLARK.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-12-15

It having been proved by figures that
the average American cannot afford an
automobile, a company that knows its
Americans prepares to manufacture $780,
900 in 49,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-12-15

An exhaustive search of current publ
cations, and particularly editorial blasts
at the effrontery of Molotov, reveals no
instance of mitigated gall.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-12-15
Questions and Answers

A reader get the answer to any question
OF fact by writing The Evening Star Information
Bureau. 316 street N E, Washington 2. D. C.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1947-05-16
Cieiyens
Colunsnist -
Co.s.as. !. THE KEY WEST STORY
nOnAgCR AND TRAGEDY OF THE SALT PONDS -
REVIVED IN HOME SITE AND CEMETERY PROGRAM
~ FRANK ". LOWERING
Sr;ts>,, Exrl,sivalv for tn Kav Vast Cifize


end as risd Id ! sdsnssd hy The p sasgssd ' the
much Ct the with the late George
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1947-05-16
cient and inexperienced Negro

Gent and inexperienced Negro
labor
Available figures show that in
1847, the ponds yielded 10000
bushels Of salt, and that until 1855
the quantity rakes varied from
IS, 600 to 10000 bushels. In 1855,
the banner year, $4,000 bushels is
recorded as the yield. Until 1861
the output averaged 10000 BUSH
els. The pans lay idle between
1852 and 1865. From 1871 to 1875
the production is given as $4,000
to 10000 bushels. In 1876, nine
years after Lieut.. Mcfarland di-
rected the drafting of the Engi-
neers. map of Key West island, a
hurricane on October 18th washed
out $4,000 bushels of evaporated
salt that lay ungathered in the
pans.
The salt works were badly
damaged, enthusiasm ebbed and
the dying wall of the departing
storm sounded the knell of salt
production at Key West.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1947-05-16

business a bill was introduced in
Z the Florida Territorial Council tc
estabiieilatslz West 1.-THE North
American Salt Company"
A newspaper of the time said
800 vessels would be needed to
transport the salt this company
would produce Fitzpatrick was
memberpf the Territorial Coun-
Gil and he caused the bill to be
killed. This gave rise to a polit-
ical assault. on. him and the battle
was most bitter.
Shortly; however. Fitzpatrick
hired an intelligent Bahama Negro
to superintend the salt works.
Several dry seasons favored a
good Crop, but each ended more
or lesSr4l disaster. In 1882 it is
recorded sthat 60, 600 bushels would
be given up by the sea. Rains
came and the crop was lost. Fitz-
patrick quit two years later. In
the meantime the tariff on salt
importation to, America was cut
and this is believed to have led
in large. measure to the abandon
ment Of the project.
Another, Company Organized
At this time, wrote Judge
Browne, John w. Simonton APP
pearedoagain in the story, encour-
aged formation of Lafayette Salt
Company with capital recruited in
New Orleans and Mobile, and the
pans were flooded again in 1885.
Failure again followed. After a
few years. of idleness the work
was taken over by Adam Gordon,
F. A. Browne and William H.
Wall, all names familiar in the
early story of Key West.
In l843 Charles Howe bought
the controlling interest and after
the hurricane of 1886 he became
sole proprietor. The pans pro-
duced $4,000 bushels of CONNER
cial salt in 1850. Howe was en-
couraged and expanded his opera
ton by purchasing the Whitehead
interests in the ponds which Fitz-
patrick had abandoned.
The following year, however,
White sold a half interest to w.
c. Dennis, who took over manage
ment of the works. For a few
years $4,000 to 10000 bushels were
made annually and one year the
records show that $4,000 bushels
were raked. Dennis kept the plant
until he died in 1864.
During the War Between the
States operation of the plant was
suspended because one of the
leading buyers, Charlotte Harbor
Fisheries, had been cut off The
Union authorities, always in COM
mand at. Key. West, feared that
salt furnished. this company for
,trsaspefta would go TO tie Con
federateS.
In 1865 United States Army
Engineer, 1t. w. r. Livermore,
bought the works, expended "a
small fortune, Judge Browne
says, land quit three years later
because he was convinced salt
could not be produced by ineffi-
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1947-05-16

AT the regular Saturday nlCno
Youth for Christ Rallies q M
Methodist Church on Entoo -
Simonton streets. 7:3o o'clock
young people always hsvo >
treat in store. This week. II
High School students will b -
pecially happy TO know thst tlselr
teachers from Key West High
School will be on the program.
Miss Edna Wilson, Speech and
English teacher. will give . read
ing. A vocal solo will be sung by
Mr.. Swietcxer, 7th gradeteach-
err. Another vocal number will
be a duet sung BY Miss Nancy
Lou Blauvelt, Salutorian of this
years Senior Class. and Mrs.
Elijah Sands, Commercial Teach
err and Senior Sponsor.
Rev. John e. Pickens. pastor
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1947-05-16
stands in a corner Of Bayview

Stands in a corner OF BayvieW
Park.
Possibly 20 years ago a section
of the Army Barracks property
was clipped to let Palm AvenAe
through more directly to the
boulevard entrance.
"A map, Of Key West city, dated
March. 1926, makes no mention Of
Palm Avenue, but it indicates a
|roadway in front of the govern
ment land leading from Angela
street to Elgin and opening into
White street one block from
Eaton. 3
The 1867 Army map shows a
great path wriggling along that
edge of the island from Simonton
street past the Barracks to about
the present location of Virginia
street. The 1926 map shows this
road and names it Salt Pond road
from Elgin street north and east
past the Army Post to Virginia
lstreet where its identity is lost.
/ Vast changes in the topography
of.thej i1land, have, taken place
since lfheAAilhyS Ihapiwas drawn.
Fills have eliminated tidal pools
and ponds W new streets came
Unto being for tieveibpment of
homes.aalB But ilseoldh niiliaarynmap
showing the Salt Ponds and Salt
Pond Road allows the trail to
meander on and on with many
loops and curves.
About where United street
meets Georgia the road swung
sharply south to dodge a secon-
Diary inlet at the waist" of the
island. Then it swung north and
east again a considerable distance
1.-The scale of the Army map gives
| it as four-fifth of a mile. Another
cart path left an intersection there
and ran sharply to the ocean near
West Martello Tower. But the
original road, back in the other
direction, stops at group of eight
buildings, two quite long and
marrow, and ninth one is shown
on fill extending into the Gulf.
This apparently was pier. The
settlement was labelled "Salt
Works.
South from the plant another
road struggled across lots to a
checkerboard formed of what the
Army map indicates as low stone
walls; and still further on to an
other area marked "Salt Ponds"
with canal running to the sea.
South from the plant another
road struggled across lots to a
checkerboard formed of what the
Army map indicates as low stone
walls; and still further on to an
other area marked salt Ponds"
with a canal running to the sea.
Now The County Road
The mapped road continues fur
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1947-05-16

4 s,s7 n = 49,
Their east and then makes a big
loop around the island. . The first
section runs nearly straight. To-
days generations recognize. the
road, reclaimed from antiquity, as
County Road, but later named
Flagler avenue. The road passes
through some of the coral rock
walls Of the old salt works-me-
|mentoes, if you will, or accusing
ghosts Of an original Key West
industry.
The pioneer settlers pinned their
business faith on making salt from
sea water as the most finely-tem-
pered handspring which would set
the new village going and estab-,
lish it on a permanent footing in
#thethe world of trade-that, and
wrecking on the Florida Reef. But
that is another story--the recla-
nation of cargo from merchant
ships into whose hulls the treach-
erous channels or tropical storms
forced the coral teeth of the Gulf,
the Straits or the ocean.
Common salt is the chief source
of chlorin and. soda, and is obtain
ed by evaporation--or strangely
enough, by freezing-of sea wa
ter, saline ponds, streams, springs
and wells. Three percent of
ocean water is made up of it. The
water in the Gulf Stream is saltier
than that in the Atlantic. OF this
M. M. Ballou in Equatorial
America" says, "This by some
is supposed to account for the
indigo blue color of the Stream"
Judgs, Browne Quoted
In Judge Jefferson B. Brownies
Key West, the Old and the New,
an intensely interesting chapter is
devoted to salt production on the
island.
He says it was not until 1880,
six years after the island was
bought from Salas that the pro-
prietorS made the first regular"
attempt to manufacture salt.
Richard Fitzpatrick, a resident
from South Carolina, leased the
interest of John Whitehead in the
low south-central part Of Key
West, and built the salt ponds
which the Army map indicates as
to exact location.
Although much Of the section
was always. under water" about
LOO acres were subject to flowage
|at normal high tide. The ponds
were divided into compartments
or '.pans" so feet wide and $50
eet2lopgaand were. separated by
walls of coral rock two feet
high.
Small wooden floodgates con-
.trolled water flowing into all the
salt pans and any of them could
be filled at will when the tide
was right. AS the suns heat evap-
GRATED the sea water, salt was
precipitated in crystals which
grew from an eighth to a quarter
inch in size. These were collected
and prepared for commerce.
In 1880, just as Richard Fitz-
patrick ventured into the sea salt
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1947-05-16
NEW FLOOR COVERING
CONCERN OPENS HERE

A new concern, known as the
Key West Floor Covering Co.,
opened today at 1920 Duval
street, headed by Sam Silver
man and M. E. Stutz, the latter
having complete charge of the
sales management. Mr.. Stutz has
had more than twelve consecu-
awe years in the floor covering
field.
This new firm will operate a
complete floor covering shop.
handling linoleum and asphalt
tilet Expert installation in the
covering of floors, sinks, coun-
tiers, tables, ETC., will be their
speciality. Estimates will be glad
ly given.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1947-05-16

Naval Resers training cruise o the USS Wisconsin spend
part their liberty ashore in Colon Republic q seseclng
the Third Districts recalled to active duty,
voluntarily weeks Of training aboard WHISKY cruises
aboard this mighty wisconsin cruises there
the bring back lingerie alligator skin luggage white
prices (O@cai Navy Phetceraph)
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1947-05-16
SINUS : saI.,as

coNeGSTloN. sUPPlY RUsHED HERfl
Relief at last from torture of sinus,
catarrh. and hay fever due to nasal conges-
ton is seen today in reports of success with
formula which has the power to reduce
nasal congestion. Men and women with
agonizing sinus headaches. clogyed nostrils,
earache. hawking and sneezing misery tell
Of blessed relief after using it. KLORONOL
costs $500. but considering results, this is
not expensive. amounts To only pennies per
dose. KLORONOL caution. use only as
directedD sold with money-back guarantee by
Central Pharmacy. Cor. White q
llts 1NiOW SITS. Mail ORDERS FILLED.
Laurel outlook., 1947-10-15

view by Mrs. o. X. Chapman, "Talk-
ing Through My Hats" by Lily
Dache, after which the club repeated
their display of garden hats" which
had previously been presented. Mrs.
Chapman exhibited a collection of
handcraft articles suitable for
Christmas gifts. .
Lunch was served by hostesses
Mrs. C. A. Duncan, Mrs. Reinhold
Frank and Mrs. w. A. Mccormick.
Guests of the club were Mrs. John
Macdonald, Mrs. Charles Shelton,
Mrs. T. ]. Giblin, Mrs. Charles
Giblin, Mrs. Guy Stormon, Mrs.
Mayo Lawrenz, Mrs. Lincoln Bakken,
Mrs. G. F. Anderson, Mrs. Jackson
Parker, Mrs. Harold Mileski, Mrs.
John Foley, Mrs. r. L. Gregg, Mrs.
Robert M. Gregg, Mrs. Robert Mace,
Mrs. Roy McCracken, Jr, Mrs. l..
C. Foote, Mrs. o. X. Chapman, Mrs.
Robert Palmer, Jr., Mrs. James
Childs, Mrs. Lloyd Strand, Mrs. F.
o. Hartley, Mrs. Al Joiner, Mrs.
Joe Stoltz and Mrs. j. D. Hoppel.
1t was decided to hold the next
meeting as a Halloween party in the
basement of the Methodist church,
Monday, Oct. 20.
Laurel outlook., 1947-10-15
Rotary Club Fetes
Secretary Packard
TContinued from Page One)

CONTINUED from rage One)
experienced by the family of nations
Returning to his original theme,
Gallagher summoned Secretary Pack
ard to the speakers stand and pre-
scented him with a Rotary button and
expressed the clubs appreciation for
long and good service. Packard re
piled by saying he considered all
members as cogs in making the or
g~anization function properly, and
expressed his thanks for the gift.
The president asked B. Meyer Har-
ris of the current program commit
fee for an announcement concerning
next weeks meeting. Harris replied
that the meeting would be on the
regular day, Tuesday, to conform
to the schedule of a speaker who
would be in this part of the state
at that time and would discuss
highways. 80,
The meeting this week was held
on Wednesday because the usual
meetings conflict with meatless
Tuesdays. The ladies of the serving
committee will be able to serve a
non-conflicting meal next Tuesday,
Harris said.
1t was proposed that for the fol-
week the meeting would be
held Monday evening, with members
of the school faculty is guests.
Laurel outlook., 1947-10-15
District Meeting OF
Legion Set For Oct. 10

Delegates from Laurel post No
1913 of the American Legion will
hear Commander Glenn l.. Denton OF
Miles City and other officers OF
the state department at the annual
fall meeting of district No. II OF
the Leiogn Sunday, Oct. 10, in Bill
ings.
William F. Adams of Park City,
district commander, will preside at
the meeting of Legionnaires from
Billings, Hardin, Red Lodge, Broad
view, Columbus, Huntley, Fromberg,
Belfry, Hysham, Custer and Laurel.
The department officers will bring
reports on the Legion's national con-
vention and its program for pre-
paredness, an air force second to
none and universal military train
ing.
Accompanying Commander Denton
will be Department Adjutant Herb
Kibler and Assistant Adjutant John
l.. Hoffman, both of Helena; Mrs.
Howard King of Great Falls, Le-
gion Auxiliary department president,
and w. o.. Lundberg of Billings,
department vice C m ander in
charge of districts No. z, 9 and II.
Members of the veterans employ
ment service and the Montana veter-
ans welfare commission also will
bye present.
Laurel outlook., 1947-10-15
CITY JUNIORS
STAGING PLAY OCT. Il

Park City, Oct. 15.-A play, "The
Scare Crow Creeps," is to be pre-
scented Oct. II at 8 o'clock by the
junior class of Park City high
school. There are 10 characters in
the cast of the comedy, directed
by Miss Bette Kruger.
The characters, in order of ap-
pearance, are Ralph Mehling, butler;
Shirley Southworth, maid; Robert
Wagner, master of Gage manor;
Alvin Kober, nephew of the master;
Edna Mae Southworth, cook; Clar-
ence Minch, son of the cook; Richard
Kaiser, nephew of the master; Betty
Giest, Donna Sitzman and Bernice
Benner.
Additional entertainment is to be
presented by Joan Pearsall in a
clarinet solo and by a girls quartet
composed of Erna Marie Meinhardt,
Sitzman, Catherine Scott and
Joan Pearsall. The quartet, directed
by Miss Janice Fisher, will sing
'The Whiffenpoof Song" and "Peg
o. My Heart"
Stage managers are Raymond
Frank and Bill Guide. Other assign
ments are: Lights, Roy Linger and
Bud Kober; sounds, Raymond Frank
and Elmer Hilderman; costumes,
Vogel; makeup, Miss Janice
and ushers, Alma Fox and
Martha Vogel.
Laurel outlook., 1947-10-15
Laurel Girl MarOOned
By Florida Hurricane

Mr.. and Mrs. William Berkland
report receiving a telephone message
from their daughter, Miss Eunice
Berkland, following the recent hur-
ricane in Florida. She said she was
marooned in the office where she
worked at Fl. ~Lauderdale, with a
group of employees.
The flood waters were rushing in
the streets, but the building was
stormproof, and she assured her par
ents of her safety.
Laurel outlook., 1947-10-15
Donna Sells Becomes
Bride Of Dwaine Cook
At Church Ceremony

Miss Donna Sells, daughter of Mr..
and Mrs. Clyde Sells who resides
in west Laurel, was united in mar
rage Saturday to Dwaine Cook, son
of Mrs. A. C. Fish of Boyd.
The ceremony was performed at
the First Christian Church in Bill
ings by Rev. Archie Stevenson,
pastor. Attendants were the brides
sister, Mrs. Kenneth V. Hotchkiss,
and Donald Cook of Boyd.
A wedding supper at the home of
Mr.. and Mrs. Fish followed the
ceremony.
Laurel outlook., 1947-10-15
Federated Club Has
Columbus Day Event
Continued from Page One)

Continued from Page One)
each member was asked to submit
a name to be voted on at a later
date. The club voted to donate
funds to the Florence Crittendon
home at Helena. Mrs. Jack Pelo-
WITT was elected a new member and
the resignation of Mrs. Glen Sheets
was accepted.
The program included a book re-
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-22
TELEPHONE CALLS STATES CAN BE
 HANDLED BY ACS

The Alaska Communication Sys- tenn is once again able to handle, without undue delay, telephone calls placed over it's facilities be- tween Alaska and the states now that the telephone strike, which was in effect all over the United States, has been settled. Final agreement on the strike was reached May 20.
 Since the second day of the strike, which began on April 2, the telephone company, in Seattle, has passed all telephone calls from Alaska to points in the states, bua conversations to Alaska from the states were limited to emergency calls only. Delays as a result of strike action which were experience ed during the past few weeks on telephone calls to the states should now be entirely eliminated. This was announced today by Colonel T. J. Fully, Commanding Officer of the Alaska Communications Sys- tenn.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-22
BLOOD ON THE
 SUN" IS FEATURE
 AT 10TH CENTURY

Blood On The Sun" at the 20th Century Theatre tonight and Fri day, pictures Japan as it was in the late Twenties, long before Pearl Harbor, and. according to the producer, should serve as a sharp reminder to American citi- zens never to allow Japanese mili- tarists to gain control of Nippon again.
 The picture is William Cagney $ second picture and co-stars Jimmy Cagney and Sylvia Sidney, the former playing an American news paper man and Sylvia an Euras- ian girl.
 The plot concerns the Tanaka Memorial-the Japanese "Mein Kampf which first saw the light of day back in 1928, but was at once branded as forgery by the Japanese warlords. The Man churian Grab" the Shanghai h. cident and, later, Pearl Harbor bore out the fact, however, that it was authentic.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-22
FEATURE HOVER COME BACK" K
 CApIT0l'S BILL

Few motion pictures in recent years have carried as much re- freshing brightness, sparkle and grand comedy as Lover Come Back" which is at the Capitol Theatre for final showings tonight. The picture boasts a tri-star cast in George Brent, the lovely Lucille Ball, and popular Vera zorina.
 The story concerns a roving-eyed dnsofar as women are concerned) war correspondent, his wife, who Is known as Americas test-dressed woman; and the other woman who is as. ready to sacrifice her own love as she is hungry for it.
 Opening sequences deal with the return from Europe of the corres- pondent and his photographer aide a famous camerawoman. Soon, the wife discovers the woman to be a rival and the husband an efficient philander as well as famous correspondent.
 In Las Vegas, Nevada. where the wife seeks a divorce, the pie ture reaches it's hilarious conclu- sion and the happy ending is pre- ceded with some of the most comi- cally suspenseful situations ever created for the cinema.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-22
VACATION TIME E
 HERE; SCHOOLS OUT
 TOMORROW MORNING

Just one hour tomorrow morn ing at both the Juneau public and the parochial schools to get report cards, sand then-Oh Boy, school is out, and the whole summer is ahead for the kids to call their own. With final exams over, par tial vacations have been enjoyed by many of the students during this week, but after tomorrow morning, no more school until September.
 Commencement exercises tomor- row night will officially close the school year for the seniors.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-22
COUPLE CLUB HOLDS X
 PICNIC DURING RAIN

Rain or no rain, the Couple Club of Northern Light Presby- terian Church went out to the Recreation Beach at Aux Bay last evening for their picnic.
 More than 40 attended the damp but enjoyable outing, taking part in softball on the beach, horse shoe pitching and other contests. Even the women played horseshoes in the rain and championship win ners were Mrs. Levi Hunsaker and Mrs. H. c. Harris.
 Refreshments were in charge of MT. and Mrs. w. w. Futile, Dr. and Mrs. Henry c. Harris. and MT. and Mrs. Robert Secrist. The entertainment committee was MT and Mrs. Levi Hunsaker and the Rev. and Mrs. Willis R. Booth
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-22
DICK MCCORMICK
 OF DOUGLAS GETS
 UA SPORTS TROPHY

Richard Mccormick, wellknowr Douglas boy who is freshman at the University of Alaska, has been accorded high honors there for sports activities, according tc the students publication, Polar Star, and Jessens Weekly of Fair banks.
 By vote of the Associated Stu dents of the U. of A., Dick was given the Adam Hat-Jack Demp- sey trophy for the outstanding athlete at the University for l947 The award is offered with the purpose of promoting student sports activities and student participa- ton. Good sportsmanship. team spirit and enthusiasm were the fac tors by which the selection was made.
 Quoting Coach Robert Isaac, who presented the award to McCor- mick: Dick was the sparkplug of the J. V. team and one of the most conscientious players, being voted the most valuable. He did much of the work in administrat- ing the work in the intra-mural program
 Mccormick is also current Sports Editor of the Polar Star"
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-22

Jurisich and Seminick; Lade, Rush (SD and Scheffing.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-22
NEW LINE TRUCK OF
 .AELp( AT FIRST JOB

The Alaska Electric Light and Power Co.'S new line truck was watched by a large crowd yester- day as it made it's debut in the business of installing new light poles. The work, at the corner of Second and Seward, was the first job of the sort tackled by the new truck since it's arrival here a week ago.
 The large gathering of sidewalk superintendent watched the winch and derrick easily and quickly slip the new pole into hole.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-22

The short scores:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-22
GIiLNETTER5 WIN
 STRIKE ON SkEENA

PRINCE RUPERT. B. C., May 22.-R- A compromise settlement of the week-long non-delivery strike by 15o spring salmon gillnet fish ermen at Skeena River is an- nounced.
 The agreement calls for payment of 176lcent a pound for dressed fish, aS entrusted with the can nery offer of 16l2 cents, and fish, ermen's demands for retention Of the 1946 price of 21 cents.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-22

Gebrian, Maltzeberg (8), Cald- well tS) and Stephenson; Flores, Fowler (9), Christopher (9) and Guerra.