Evening star., 1947-08-26
United Defense
OF Hemisphere
Proposed atRio
PIon Would Establish
Security Region
Including Greenland
BY the Associoisd Press

py rHe AsSoCtOteo tFeSt
PETROPOLIS, Brazil, Aug. 26
The nter-American Confer.
ence today received a proposal
backed by the United States, tc
defend the entire Western Hemi.
sphere from the Arctic to the
Antarctic as a security region
with military forces of all Amer
lean nations.
Alaska and Greenland were in
cluded in the zone.
The subcommittee which drafted
the measure was composed of Sena
tor Vandenberg, Republican, OF
Michigan and representatives OF
Brazil. Mexico, Peru and Bolivia.
All Would Act in Defense.
Under the proposal, any attack
on the vast strategic area would
invoke defense measures under the
proposed hemisphere treaty of mu-
tual defense.
"An armed attack by any state
against an American nation will be
considered an attack against all
American states and each one of the
American states assumes the obli-
cation to aid in facing such an at
tack, exercising the individual or
collective right of self-defense rec
ognized by article 81 of the United
Nations Charter" the agreement
said.
The agreement on the security
zone specified: THE region referred
to in the treaty includes the geo.
graphical area defined by the Pana-
ma declaration of october 3, 1899,
the North American continent,
Alaska Territory and the area lying
between one and the other"
Work May End This Week End.
Formal agreement by a five
nation subcommittee on measures
to be taken against aggression and
Argentina's acceptance. of the two
thirds majority rule in invoking
those measures came in quick sue
cession yesterday and reports i'm
mediately began circulating that the
donation conference would finish
writing the treaty by the week end.
Unconfirmed reports were current
in conference circles that President
Truman might advance the date of
his visit here, now Scheduled for
September S. He is scheduled to
close the conference formally.
Agree on IL Main Clauses.
The drafting subcommittee-com-
posed OF delegates from the United
States, Brazil, Mexico, Peru and
Boliyia-concluded four days. of
work last night in full agreement on
II main clauses on aggression,
which one delegate called "the very
heart Of the treaty"
Foreign Minister Ricardo ]. AL
faro of Panama, who served as ex-
officio chairman of the subcornmit-
tee, said the draft included:
l.. The branding of aggression as
such wherever it OCCURS"
2. Collective. measures to be taken
against aggression.
g. ablishment of a hemisphere
security zone which would call for
common defense measures against
attack from the Arctic to the Ant
arctic Canada, later. Is to be in
vited to participate in hemisphere
defense.
Formula of Compromise.
Mr.. Alfaro said the controversial
question of whether distinction
should be drawn between aggression
from without and from within was
settled by the following compromise
formula:
l. Collective armed action may be
taken Immediately against an at
tack from outside the hemisphere.
2. In the event of aggression
stemming from within the hemi-
sphere, the attacked nation may
take up arms Immediately in self
defense land such other nations as
desire may come to her aid"
3. However before organized COL
lective armed action may be taken
by American nations to halt ag-
gression from within, "all pacific
measures must first be exhausted.
These measures include arbitration,
conciliation and recourse to the In
ternational Court of Justice.
u. S. Opposed Argentina.
Argentina last week proposed to
bar the use of joint force in settling
intra- hemisphere aggression, but the
United States Immediately opposed
this. Mr.. Alfaro said the new COM
promise formula apparently settled
that issue, although he said no one
called it compromise.
THE United States and Argentina
moved closer to each others view
point in general support of the prin-
ciples of solidarity" he said.
. Earlier last night the confer
ences. a1l-nation committee voted
down Argentina's demand for the
veto right in invoking defense treaty
measures and Argentina's delega-
ton Immediately said it would ac-
cept the decision without reservation
The committee then approved a
(See CONFERENCE, Page A-6D