davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-08-12
More on Nature Editorials

Wore on l<atuIe EDITORIALS
p the Editor OF The Star:
This is to join Mrs. Gertrude Best Yates in
hr appreciation of the nature editorials which
appear in The Star from time to time, but
nPer often enough. Often clip the articles
ID my scrapbook which. somehow, I never get
ar,und to working on, but the nature editorials
caffully are saved in a large envelope, and
sore day will become permanent record
Iwonder If am right in thinking that the
writer of these editorials Is q native of New
Enehnd-probably Manner Would it be con-
trart to your editorial policy to let us know2
Who read some of those fall and winter
artides. can smell the pancakes frying and
see pc real maple syrup drizzling over them,
withthe sausage cakes sitting crisply by, wait
ing # good eating
Wf4ever that writer Is, he is an artist with
words and I am sure must have experienced
happNdays in the country. Perhaps, like many
anothF, he'd like to go back. P.M.F.
Evening star., 1947-08-12
Exodus From the South

One OF the most notably Interesting
problems in the world is that of the nat
ural movement of peoples The human
species has been migrating ever since it
f1rst inhabited this planet No community
anywhere has originated where it now is.
In every known instance our great cities.
like our tiniest villages, have had their
sources elsewhere. This is true of New
York in 1947; it was true of London before
the Norman Conquest in 1866 and of Paris
before Clovis established his capital there
In 508
But in America the principle of mass
transference has been even a more pow-
erful force than it was in the Old World.
From Europe came the pioneer settlers of
the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries
AS might have been expected, the premier
colonists occupied the Atlantic seaboard
until population pressure prodded them
westward. There also was discernible
trend toward the South during and i'm
mediately after the Revolution. Virginia
was the most densely crowded" portion
OF the United States in the days of Presi-
dents George Washington and Thomas
Jefferson. The drift continued until the
outbreak OF the Civil War. Then, after the
struggle had terminated, the tide turned
North. Industrial and commercial centers
on the top side of the Mason and Dixon
line attracted thousands of young men
and women between 1880 and 1880. For
Negro youth, especially, the employment
opportunities of Detroit and Chicago
meant much in terms of cultural advan-
tages as we'll as economic benefit.
Meanwhile, the South remained agricul-
tural and for that very reason failed to
hold its younger generations Recent
travellers in Dixie have heard complaint on
this account wherever they tarried Farm
hands, artisans, mechanics, hotel and
restaurant help, labor of every sort On-s
cluding professional service of the highest
types, inquirers were told had gone
North" The removal undoubtedly was
accelerated by World War II and the
temporary prosperity which it stimulated.
But the outlook was not good for Dixie.
"A human erosion" of a deplorable variety
appeared to be in progress. Now, however,
Gordon r. Clapp, chairman OF the Ten
nessee Valley Authority. tells the New
York Times: THE South Is developing
suficient opportunities to keep its young
people at home" A slowing up Of ''the
wholesale expectation of human material,
Evening star., 1947-08-12

mad who are only suffering from the heat due
to Indifferent care.
If your dog is beginning to show the effects
OF Washington heat please give him place
in the basement during the day where he can
stay cool. If you cannot do that, and have
back yard, put a platform out there that he
can crawl under and lie in freshly dug hole.
One should never forget that dogs need
drinking water more than ever in hot weather.
If dog is properly fed, kept clean and has
ia proper place to sleep and stay during the
day, he will cause no trouble.
/ One other thing that many persons forget
IS that their pets do not have shoes to protect
Them from the hot pavements and streets.
Il MARION STEWART CAKE.
Evening star., 1947-08-12
Value of World FLIGHTS

| William Odom's record breaking flight
around the world and the ambitious at
tempt by pilots of two small pleasure
planes to follow the same general trail,
but leisurely, cannot be passed off merely
as dangerous stunting by aerial daredevils.
Undoubtedly the craving for adventure
and withal, for publicity plays a part in
such undertakings. Mr.. Odom lost no
opportunity on his latest flight, as on his
previous one in the Bombshell, to hand
out samples of his sponsors pens. But the
fact remains that every such long distance
journey adds to the knowledge which ava-
tors and aviation engineers need as aerial
circumnavigation of the earth becomes
more commonplace
The flight Of the Bombshell, converted
A-26 bomber, was a grueling test of plane
structure, engines, automatic pilot and
other mechanical equipment, aside from
the strain on the physical and mental ca
pacitieS OF the man In the cockpit. No
better demonstration of plane and pilot
performance could be devised than dash
around the globe-over all kinds of ter
rain and in all kinds of weather. The
of the way, although Burmese monsoon
furnished rough going over the Hump"
II Mr.. Odom carries out his even more
daring plan for circling the world by way
of the North and South Poles, he is likely
to encounter even more varied weather
conditions and greater perils Yet flying
over the poles no longer is novel. The
Arctic and Antarctic regions are proving
to be of great interest to military authori-
ties. The northern top of the world offers
the shortest flying route between many
OF the larger cities of the Northern Hemi-
sphere, fact not being overlooked by mill
tary aviation strategistS. The round the
world flyers assuredly are doing their part
in opening new aerial highways for COM
mercial and military aviators of the
future.
Evening star., 1947-08-12

cally required that the money be spent only
Tor British goods and only for war purposes.
AS result, the Chinese were able to withdraw
only $100,0000O0 of this loan
Chinese utilization of the $500 900 900 United
States loan has long been subject of bitter dis
pute and scandal. Leading Nationalist news
papers and officials have charged that large
portion OF the loan was used by government
officials for currency juggling to enrich them
selves.
Under the Morgenthau-Soong agreement. the
Chinese were permitted to buy $4,000 ,ooc in
United States gold. 1t is definitely known that
part OF this gold was resold by the Chinese
government Nationalist sources charge that
h1gh-placed Chinese bought this gold at the
of1cial rate OF 20 Chinese dollars for one United
States dollar and then sold it on the black
market for as high as 5000 Chinese dollars
an ounce.
As Of July Is, 1947 China had repaid all but
$72sO3,000 of the 1921 ,737 900 Export Import
Bank credits. Also last month. the Nationalist
government made its first payment on the
s58,000OO0 of postwar lend-lease supplies OBJ
tanned through the pipeline agreement"
transaction. Under this deal, China obtained
at low prices several hundred million dollars
worth OF transportation equipment, industrial
and mining machinery, medical and other sup
plies that would have been uneconomical to
bring back to the United States.
Business Complaints.
Numerous complaints have been received
from business sources charging that consider
able quantities of the surplus goods turned
over to China have somehow found their way
back to the United States and been sold here
at a big profit,
Also, many other complaints have been
made by Chinese that large quantities of the
$800,000,000 worth of surplus properties and
supplies turned over to the Nationalist govern
ment last August have been lost through
spoilage, looting and mishandling.
The Chinese acquired these vast holdings at
the nominal figure of 100000 900. But under
the sale agreement negotiated by T. v. Soong
with Thomas B. McCabe, State Department
Foreign Liquidation Commissioner, the Ma
tionalist government was actually required to
pay out no dollars. The arrangement was
largely paper" transaction
Prior to Gen. Marshalls mission to China
late in l945, the Export Import Bank ear
marked $500000000 as a postwar credit for
the Nationalist government But before this
new dollar "stockpile" could be tapped Gen.
Marshall made certain confidential adverse
reports regarding the Nationalist regime AS
a result the Export Import Bank blocked with
drawals on the loan.
Today, the Chang Kai-Shek regime is still
determinedly endeavoring to "unfreeze" this
Export-Import Bank fund. 1t also is equally
aggressive In clamoring for $4,000, 900
grant under the Truman doctrine"
tReeased by North American Newspaper Alliance. Incl
Evening star., 1947-08-12
Sales Tax Preferred

To the Editor of The Star: l
Having always been resident of the Distrid
Of Columbia, am interested in the problen
of revenue as raised by taxation. Il
We recognize the two main sources are from
real estate and income levies which are paid
by % a portion of the residents as property
owners and 90 by large number of workers
in the District OF Columbia
There are other types of taxation and fore
most in the minds of residents this summer
has been the personal property tax.
My understanding is that the assessment Of
this tax is to all persons or families in the
District of Columbia. Therefore, one question
I wish to ask, and in which others are also
interested, is Just how did the District Of
Columbia tax Office make its choice of those
who were to receive the pink" forms and
those not so chosen?
Among friends We have learned that there
seems to be no system In the groups receiving
none are persons who are:
/. Employees of the District government
2. Teachers of the District schools.
3. Employees in private firms.
4. Employees Of the Federal Government.
All are permanent residents of the District
of Columbia.
To support the city, such gaps should not be
permitted to occur because then taxation will
not supply the needed revenue.
A suggestion as fair way is the sales tax
This would bring in revenue from all perma-
nent. partially permanent Gas congressional
people, and transient residents in support of
the city whose benefits they all enjoy. Relief
Of the burden now placed chiefly on the prop
erty owners and those on the preferred list to
receive tax forms could thus be accomplished
RUTH A. WELLS
Evening star., 1947-08-12

human energy and human aspirations" is
discernible, he insists.
The explanation Of the change, Mr.
Clapp believes, may be found in hard
work and vision, the effective cooperation
OF many instrumentalities both private
and public" More of the same ideals in
practice obviously will be needed, if the
exodus of the past is to be corrected
with profit to all concerned throughout
the country
Evening star., 1947-08-12

An authoritative summary today disclosed
that the United States has extended over $3,-
100000 900 in relief to China in the past five
years.
This vast sum, equal to about one tenth the
current United States budget, is in addition
to an unestimated number of billions ofidol-
lars in munitions and supplies sent to China
during the war.
The $780, 100000 relief total was obtained
from an official source that is compiling de-
tailed data on the Chinese situation in ,rep-
aration for Lieut. Gen. Albert c. Wedem,yer's
report. Gen. Wedemeyer was sent to china
last month by Secretary of State Marshll to
make a first-hand survey of economic, political
and administrative conditions
The Nationalist government headel by
Generalissimo Chang Kai-shek, is vigopusly
seeking a new $4,000, ,ooo, 900 loan. The nition-
alists claim this huge sum is necessary en-
able them to halt the runaway imitation now
rampant in China, and to continue their"war
of determination" against Chinese Communist
armies.
The detailed breakdown of the $500, DO, 900
Chinese relief total Is as follows:
Lend-lease ------------s1 1,565, 3D. 900
1912 war loan an- 5O0,0O,00O
Export-Import Bank loans----- 221 II 900
U. S. through UNRRA --- 486 90 900
Surplus war property, arf1elds
and other real property in
China and on a number Of
Pacific islands --- 10000 900
Postwar lend-lease, under the
so-called pipeline agreement" 58,0p,000
The $500 100000 war loan was the result of
direct plea by Chang Kai-shek to President
Roosevelt and then Prime Minister Winston
Churchill. The Generalissimo asked foI $780,
900 000 half from the United States aid half
from Britain. He claimed that unless such
war loan was Immediately forthcoming China
would be unable to continue fighting tn. Japs.
Roosevelt Was Generous. i
Roosevelt responded promptly and Without
quibbling He asked Congress to authcize
$500 000, 900 interest-free loan. Congressacted
equally promptly, approving the loaa in
February 1912. Immediately thereafter,
through negotiations between then Tresury-
Secretary Henry Morgenthau and T. v. Song,
multimillionaire brother-in-law of Chiangkai-
shek, s500,oOo,0o0 interest-free credit was
set up for China in the New York Fel leral
Reserve Bank
China withdrew $24O,0OO,0O0 of this sum up
to 1914 another $140,0O0,0O0 in 1s45, dthe
final $12000O,000 in 1916.
While China has paid no interest on his
huge loan, the United States Government las.
1t is costing the Government 900 var.
This charge, apparently, will continue indf-
nitely, as the loan was made without any df-
mite provisions for its repayment. This was ut
for future negotiations, which to date haze
never been held.
From the start, the British cut their portin
of the loan to s2ooooo,ooo. Also, they spech-
Evening star., 1947-08-12
Care of Dots in Summer

To the Editor OF The Star:
Many persons who have pet dogs do not know
how to take care Of them in hot weather Every
summer there are many poor animals killed a.
Evening star., 1947-08-12
Letters D The Star

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address of the
,oriter, although it is permissible for
1Driter knoDn to The Star to use a
nom de plume. Please BE brief.
Evening star., 1947-10-23
Dividends Announced

NEW YORK, Oct. 23 R.-Dividends
declared.
Extra.
Evening star., 1947-10-23
Chicago Livestock

CHICAGO. Oct. % LP,. .tUsDA).-salable
hogs. $500: total. $500; market closed
fairly active and Eenerally Is cents hirheI
mostly steady; TOP a7,s5: bulk geoa and
SeIshts over go pounds scarce: + tsv reeSd Si
mos. sood and choice soTs under oo 4oo
pounds downward to around "a 90 for
over 5O0-pound averages; prospects good
clearance.
saisble cattle, 3.50O: total, 1000: sala-
BILE calves. 800: total. 800; SLAUGHTER steers
and heifers moderately active. steady to
strong: some sales 25-60 cents higher
cows steady to, strong; bulls fully 25 cents
lower; low-choice to prime 1853 pound
fed steers topped at 1915: load choice
1.a65-pound weishts. 33.75; other GOOD
and choice fed steers. ~ :00-32, 90: me,
dium grassy kinds. 90. 00-2b 90: load
choice S15-pound fed heifers, 5000 COM
mon and medium grass heifers. 1900
21 .00 load good Wyoming cows, 1880:
canner and cutter cows, 13.00-13.25. odd
head good heavy bulls no to 1880; vealers
steady at 25.00-27 90 for most good and
choice: odd head. 27.5o; stockers and
feeders about steady.
saIable sheep, $1,000. total. $500:
hisher ASKING prices retardina trade; early
slauRhter lambs bids 25 cents higher: good
and choice lamb bids. "a. so, but these
held upward to 2H0O: very little done on
other classes; load lots mixed common to
good but mostly common and medium
Western ewes held above 9.25.
Evening star., 1947-10-23

. S@E ACSoAOs
IN Bell 2s1s 81 eo1s
c 4As 66 90
|IcC StL IS 90 A 90
IntGtNor IS 50 73H
TntHydroEl6s4A 60,h
IKoppers 3s 64 lo2A
lLau.ro N inc rs 81
ILehVl NY4has5O 67h
Leh vi 5s2OO3st Al
mid RR M 5s4O 80
MKT adj 6s67 81
MKT LIST 1880 ~
IMo Pac 5hs49 26iz
No Pae Is 77F 0oA
mo Pac IS 81 81
Mo Pac gn 4s76 34ih
|Morris&Ex 5s55 II
Nat Dairy 214TOlo1h
N o T M blas54 lo6
NOTM 5las54ct s lo3iA
IN o T NJ IS 81 loliA
N o T M 4las56 97ih
lNYC RI IS 2013 ~
lSYC 4ias20laA 7lh
lNYCHR 31as97 q
INYNHinc41a' 80. 3lN
lNYNHH4s2OO7- 6AiA
)NYNHGH IS 81 1oM
NYO&W gn4R5 43A
NYWB 4hs 46 IL
Nor p cit 4las7b SoA
NorPac Is 2O47 66it
pac G&E IS 70 lo2A
Pac tat 2s4sSh 96
oennCtAir3Has6n 40
Penn P&Lt 3s76 1.ol
eennRR gn5s6S los
j2ennRRg4Has65 1914
Phil Pet 2s4s64 lo2
Reading 3las 95 %
stLSF 4hs2O22 SOFA
stL sW ri bs 90 sl'A
5eab iu4Ias26I6 ssh
Shell On 2Ias71 1914
skelleyO 2a4s65 1914
soBellT&T 3s79 1o2
lSoPaci11c4iasS1 92A
SoPac4lasOr77 1oo3A
StdOilNJ23as71 1914
Texas Corp 3s6hlo5iA
Tex&Pac 3hs8b 1914
Third Ave IS go SAA
Third Ave Is so g
West Nd A. 52 1921
West On Is 81 S3A
West On 4as bu S5A
iWshSe I'll 2Msk1 lolA
Evening star., 1947-10-23
THE EVENING STAR, Washington, D. {. C.'"*A-29
u. ). Auto Production
Up Sharply in Week,
Trade Paper Says
By the A.soeio Press

DETROIT. Oct. 23.-Motor We
hicle production in the United
States this week will total 73,051
cars and 25.796 trucks, according to
the trade paper Automotive News.
Canadian plants will add 5,304
cars and trucks to the output and
total production of both countries
so far this year will 60 over 1900, 900
units, the paper predicted.
This weeks output in United
States Enthusiastically compare
with 1891 produced last week.
Automotive News said that despite
the production loss of some 10000
vehicles during this month by
Chrysler shutdowns. output in United
States plants alone during October
will amount to $4,000 cars and l27,-
900 trucks.
II this total is realized it will top
the postwar record of last month,
when United States plants turned
out 3l2,234 cars and 1896 trucks,
Automotive News declared,
Evening star., 1947-10-23
Stock Market Gains
After Early Light
Selling Is Absorbed
By Victor Eubonk
Asseeioisd Press FinoneioI Writer

NEW YORK, Oct. 23.-selected
stocks edged forward in today's mar
ket after early light selling had been
absorbed.
Big blocks of low-quoted issues
aided volume although slowdowns
were plentiful. Advances of frac-
tions to point or more predomi-
mated near the fourth hour.
Bidding again was based on busi-
ness optimism and the belief the
list was due to go through the July
highs which the chartists would con-
slider bullish. Numerous customers
held aloof. however, to await results
of the Presidents conference with
congressional leaders and more def
mite market clues.
Buoyed by earnings prospects or
pleasing dividends, a number of
favorites touched l947 peaks. Among
these were Graham-Paige, Phelps
Dodge, Lion Oil, Texas Pacific Coal
& Oil, Wilson Co., Burroughs Adding
Doehler-Jarvis and Warren Foundry
Some failed to hold.
Evening star., 1947-10-23
Chicago Groin

CHICAGO. Oct 90. IA rally devel.
oped in old crop wheat. futures shortly
before the close on the Board of Trade
today. carving the December contract to
q new high fol any wheat delivery for the
past 80 years Other grains steadied.
The late rally was not based on any
SPECIFIC news. but there was a little COM
mercial buying. Traders felt the Com
modify Credit Corp may have purchs sed
some cash wheat in the Northwest Yes
terday the Government asency took no
wheat for the second straight day.
Feed grains tended lower throughout the
session. although the late rally in wheat
was reflected to some extent in both corn
and oats. Corn suffered from q lack of
interest.
Rains in Kansas and Nebraska. plus a
Government request for 4 smaller spring
pig crop. caused q selloff in early trading
The new 30,;year high for December
Wheat closed z lower to- cent hirher,
lower December. S,3os.-s.31, and oats
were ss-l'. lower. December. 1.21h.
Chicago Cash Market.
I'll; No yellow; old, a.50-2 81: No. ?,
4s; No. 3, $50; No. 5. 22sh-2 80:
Oats: No 2: white, 81. Field seed per
hundredweight. timothy, 4.qO-525; red
top. "a 50-15.50 Barley. mailing, So
s.7,o, saG; fesd l7s-1.so. soybesns. No. 1
Evening star., 1947-10-23
Capital Bank Loans
Continue 10 Gain,
Controller Reports
By EdWard G.. Stone

Loans in 19 Washington banks
and trust companies totaled $685.
723,000 on October 6, an increase
over June 30 OF $14.831 900 and over
September 80, 1916, of $67, ,729 900,
Controller of the Currency Preston
Delano announced today.
Reviewing the call reports of Oc-
tober 6, the controller stated that
assets in the District banks on that
date totaled $1100,030 900, a gain
of s11 1894 900 in the last three
months and $1,570,000 in the last IL
months.
Demand deposits of s704, ,428, 900
on October were S6,2l4,000 lower
than in June, but $37 ,348 900 higher
than in September year ago. Time
deposits of 5.976, 900 decreased
about s1.0O0,000 in the third quar-
ter, but showed a gain of s5,622, 900
in the II months, the figure includ-
ing savings.
Deposits totaled $1,O28 ,485 900, up
$13,467, 900 in the third quarter and
$2,18l 900 for the year, the controller
said.
Auditors Go to Baltimore.
Mrs. Margaret S. Mcclure, chair
man of the Auditors Section of the
District Bankers Association, and
a large delegation of members are
in Baltimore today attending the
23d annual convention of the Ma
tional Association of Bank Auditors
and Controllers. Raymond G.. Marx
is member of the board of COVER
nors.
Maple T. Harl, chairman, Federal
Deposit Insurance Corp, and Pres
ton Deiano, controller of the cur
rency, were among the opening day
speakers. Also on the program was
H. Earl Cook, director, Federal
Deposit Insurance Corp.
The 1947 Institute on Federal
Taxes opened yesterday afternoon
in the Chamber of Commerce, at
tended by tax lawyers and tax ac-
countants. The Institute is spon-
sored by American University and
the District Institute of Certified
Public Accountants.
DA. L l1OD 3AdA1 1AdiAl Va
can University made the opening
address and papers were presented
by Louis Monarch and Harry Fried
man. A most interesting panel dis
cussion was led by Charles B. Nc
Innis.
Agency Wins Third H0nors
The John D. Marsh Agency of the
Lincoln National Life Insurance Co.
was third among all company agen-
cies in production in the first nine
months of 1947. -
New State and municipal financ-
ing in September totaled s268, ,780, =
122. as compared with $89, 1885,, 1888
in September year ago, the Daily
Bond Buyer reports. In nine
months new financing amounted to
s2,o21,652,5s2 against 1896, ,624,824 in
1916.
James H. Lemon of Johnston
Lemon & Co.. has been nominated
for vice chairman of the Southeast
ern Group of the Investment Bank
ers' Association and Richard P.
Dunn of Auchincloss, Parker & Red
path, has been nominated for two
year term on the Executive Com
rittee. The regional election takes
place in Baltimore tomorrow.
Evening star., 1947-10-23
Nickel Plate Reports
Upturn in Earnings
Ax the Assaeiatad pr.s.

UY NV NsSoc'ureu TT6Ss
CLEVELAND, Oct. 23.-The New
York, Chicago & st. Louis Railroad
Co. today reported nine months net
income Of s5,446,0l2. compared with
$3,870,355 for the first nine months
of last year,
Evening star., 1947-10-23
New York Cotton

NEW YORK, Oct. % P.-Cotton fu-
lures were firm in early dealinss today,
but lost q good part Of the days advance
when the market encountered heavy profit
taking. and hedsins.
Broad mill buying rallied the market
to sains or more than - q haie. Mills
needed cotton urgentH to maet large
textile orders. with their inventories low.
Traders attributed the later reaction to
technical reasons following the recent
sharp advance
Late afternoon prices we're 20 cents =
bale HIGHER to 2h cents lower. December,
1924: March. 33.44; MAY. 1891.
Evening star., 1947-10-23
Wholesale Food Index
Higher During Week
BY the Assoeieted Rrssx

NEW YORK, Oct. 23.-The Dun d.
Bradstreet wholesale food price in
dex, representing the sum total of
the price per pound OF 81 foods in
general use. advanced in the week
ending October 81 to $500 from
$685. the previous week. A year ago
the index stood at 1894.
Higher in the latest week were
-four, wheat, corn, rye, barley, butter,
coffee. cottonseed oil, cocoa, eggs,
beans, rice, raisins, steers and lambs.
Declining in price were oats, beef
hams, bellies, lard, hogs and peanuts.
Evening star., 1947-10-23
FOREIGN .Exchunoe

NEW YORK. Oct 90 Ns.-Foreisn ex-
chanse rates follow (Great Britain in dol
Canadian. dollar in New York open
market, 10,t per cent discount or 50 a334
cents, down i. of a cent
Europe-Great Britain. .03A UP Is OF
cent; FRANCE lfranc', .S4Rs Of cent.
unchanged; Sweden krona>. 27.s5. un-
changed: Switzerland franc) CONNER
cian. 23.40. UNCHANGED
Latin America--Argentina. free. 24a4.
Mexico. 20.62. unchansed