davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-04-26


Ellison, who died in 1925.
She attended Central High School
in washington and graduated from
American University in 1943. She
worked in Washington with the Brit
ish Air Commission and the War
Shipping Administration, doing per-
sonnel work until she enlisted in the
WAVES in September, 1914.
After discharge, Miss Ellison went
abroad with the War Department
personnel and training division of
the European Air Materiel Com
mand Headquarters and was sta
toned at Erlangen, Germany. At
the time of her death, she was on
vacation.
She was member of Alpha Phi
Sorority at American University, the
Foundry Methodist Church and the
Young Republican Club. Her Wash
ington residence was at the Embassy
Apartments, 1913 Harvard street
NV.
Miss Ellison is survived by her
stepmother, Mrs. Fanny May HUFF
Ellison of the Embassy Apartments,
and two sisters, Mrs. Albert F. Gris-
ard, darlington, Va, and Mrs. Will
liam Dwyer, at present in Shanghai,
China, with her husband, who is
connected with the State Depart
ment,
Funeral services will be conducted
by the Rev. DR.. Frederick Brown
Harris, pastor OF the Foundry Meth
odiSt Church.
Evening star., 1947-04-26
Stock Market Uneven
In Quiet Dealings
IAt Week 'sCIose
BY Victor Eubonk
Assoeiafsd Press Flnoneioi Writer

NEW YORK, April ga little
short covering and timid buying
here and there by professionals kept
the stock market pretty we'll bal
anced today although many leaders
slipped and dealings were among
the slowest OF the year.
The ticker tape dozed from the
start and generally small fractional
variations either way left the direc-
ton somewhat cloudy near the close.
Transfers dwindled to around 3o0,-
900 shares for the two hours.
Schenley was an active and rela-
lively strong spot Publicker and
American Woolen also were favored
In the plus common most OF the
time were United States Steel,
Chrysler, Goodrich, Montgomery
Ward, Sears Roebuck. American
Telephone, North American, Inter-
national Paper, Pacific Western Oil
Kennecott, Dow Chemical and Air
Reduction.
Occasional stumblers included
American Home Products, Proctor
& Gamble, Santa Fe, Norfolk &
Western, Chesapeake & Ohio, Great
Northern Railway, Goodyear, Gen
eral Motors, Bethlehem, American
Can, Deere. General Electric and
Union Carbide.
There was moderate bidding on
the basis Of earnings and dividends
but wage price situations, tax
doubts, business skepticism and for
eign affairs remained as confusing
elements for speculative and invest
ment contingents. Accounts were
trimmed pending more light on the
overall picture.
Bonds were uneven.
Evening star., 1947-04-26
Brig Prisoners Say
They Were Forced
To Fight Each Other
D. Inc A,,eeiused pr..s

ANNAPOLIS. April 26. = TWO
sailors testified yesterday that when
they were confined TO the Naval
Academy enlisted mems brig they
were struck and forced 10 fight be-
tween themselves by a pair Of fellow
prisoners.
They gave this testimony at the
general court-martial of Marine
Pfc. Joseph Charles O'Cleary, 18. Of
Buffalo, one OF five marines and q
sailor accused by the Navy of abus-
ing prisoners in the brig.
Seaman 1ic Alexander Leon Of
New York. one Of the two men
whose complaints to an academy
medical officer first brought the al
legged brutalities to light, said he
had been forced to fight EIGHT or
ten" other prisoners until he fell ex-
hausted.
When he did tumble to the floor,
Leon said OIeary picked him up,
struck him in the stomach and flung
him against a wall.
One of the opponents in the
fights, Seaman 15c John w. Curley,
jr., of Pittsburgh, told the court that
when he struck Leon lightly, Sea-
man 1ic James Edwards Childs, coll
ored, of Camilla, Ca. ordered him to
punch harder.
Before he resumed the scrap, Cur
ley said Childs also struck him.
Childs was the first Of the six to
appear before general court-mar-
tial. The record of his trial now is
before Rear Admiral James L. Hol-
loway. jr., academy superintendent,
who convened the court.
Evening star., 1947-04-26
Rails Insist War Rate
On Freight Was Low,
Oppose u. 5. Refunds
BY the Associated Press

Justice Department plans to seek
refunds on wartime export freight
charges from 964 railroads brought
a reply today from the carriers
association that the rates were mot
only reasonable but were extremely
low"
President William r. Farley Of the
Association of American Railroads
stated that in most cases the
charges were less than those made
to other shippers for the same
service.
The Justice Department expects
to lay its complaint Monday before
the Interstate Commerce Commits
sion, which Mr.. Farley termed "the
proper tribunal"
Attorney General CLARK an
nouaced yesterday the Government
will contend that the railroads
charged it more than private ship
pers for overseas freight held at
interior points during seaport con-
gestion.
Paid Lower Rates."
Mr.. Faricys statement declared: !:
"The fact is that in no case did
the Government pay higher rates
than commercial shippers and in
most cases the Government paid
lower rates put into effect as a
special concession by the railroads,
as permitted by the Interstate Com
merce Act.
I'm no case did the Government
pay charges higher than the legal
charges. The only question is one Of
the reasonableness of the rates and
we are glad that this question is to
come before the proper tribunal for
decision, It will clearly appear that
the rates which were charged to the
Government were not only reason
able but were extremely low and in
most cases were less than those
charged to any other shipper for the
same service"
When overseas freight is held at
port fer lack of ship space, special
low export storage rate applies.
The Attorney General asserted In
his announcement yesterday that
private shippers got this special rate
applied to their freight held at
interior points, but that the railroads
refused to do the same for the
Government.
Land Grants Involved.
This refusal, Mr.. Clark said, was
based on the claim by the railroads
that If the low rate had been applied
to military and naval freight it
would have been subject to still
further LAND grant" reduction.
Until late last year, the Govern
ment received a special discount on
all railroad business as a return for
grants of land made to the carriers
in the early days of rail develop
ment.
The ICC will be asked to look into
the storage rates charged the Gov
ernment between June, 1941, and
October, 1916, and order any refunds
that may be indicated.
Evening star., 1947-04-26
Board Of Trade
Continued From First page.)

American and the Chevy Chase
Savings Banks.
He became president of the Second
National II years ago. He served
as president of the D. C. Bankers
Association in 1912 and 1943.
During the war, Mr.. Reilly served
for more than a year as chairman
Of the District War Finance Com
mittee, directing the third, fourth
and fifth war loan campaign here.
The drives during that time brought
in total of $437, $4,000 in bond
sales.
Taught in University.
Mr.. Reilly, former professor of
finance and credits at Columbus
University and credits and nego-
TABLE instruments at Southeastern
University, also holds membership
on the Executive Committee of the
Washington Clearing House Associ-
alton, the Association OF Reserve
City Bankers, and the Advisory
Evening star., 1947-04-26

Inns learned through a broadcast
heard over guards radio that they
had been convicted as spies. Then,
he said, I'VE didn't know what was
going to happen"
The following day, April 9, Gen.
Ii invited the two officers to lunch
and informed them that although
they had been convicted, they would
be liberated, in accordance with
promise by the Red commander in
chief, Gen. Chu Teh.
LII Li-san told us then we
planned originally to try you before
a Peoples Court. The results in
that case would not have been so
favorable"
(The usual verdict in Peoples
Court cases involving support of
the government is the death SEN
tence.)
Maj. Rigg said that during the
last few days of Imprisonment, the
attitude of Communist leaders be-
came friendlier. Both officers asked
and received permission to go sight
seeing and shopping in Harbin un-
der guard.
The officers said they were well
supplied with pro- Communist books
mostly by American writers-dur-
ing their solitary confinement.
During the trial. both officers
said, they were informed they were
prisoners of war. When they OBJ
jected, saying they were accredited
diplomatic representatives of the
United States in China, the presid-
ing officer asked them: Which
would you rather be considered
prisoners of war or international
spies?"
Their treatment, except during
the trial period, was decent" the
officers said. They had heated
rooms during the subzero weather.
"A few days prior to their release,
Maj. Rigg said, they were informed
the Communist press wanted to
photograph them in a typical day."
"The first item was the biggest
breakfast we had seen since our
capture" he said.
During the day, the Communists
forced the officers to submit to COM
plete physical examinations, with
cameras recording every move.
They were asked to sign release
statements, but refused until the
communists furnished them prom
ised transcriptions of their trials.
Asked for his thoughts during i'm
prisonment. Capt. Collins replied:
After couple Of weeks, I began
to wonder just how long this civil
war could last"
Evening star., 1947-04-26
By the Associated Press

A Senate committee debated yes
terday whether Marvin Jones was
ethical in receiving his so 500
salary as a judge OF the Court OF
Claims while serving without pay
as war food administrator.
The issue was raised in a Judi
ciary Subcommittee hearing on
nomination of Judge Jones to be
chief Justice Of the Court of Claims
He told the committee that James
r. Byrnes as war mobilization di-
rector offered him q Federal judges
pay ..or more, If T wanted 1t" as
food administrator.
Il said no" Judge Jones added, Il
would continue to draw my same
salary since it all came out of the
same till anyway"
Senator Ferguson, Republican, of
Michigan read from a 1943 act of
Congress a provision for $4,000
salary for war food administrator.
Judge Jones said 1t was his under
standing that no head Of the war
agency ever accepted this salary
but continued, instead, to draw his
former pay.
Evening star., 1947-04-26

and Prince Georges County are COM
sidering taking group action against
high prices.
James P. Fitch of the George
town Trade Guild explained the
proposed Georgetown plan this way:
Merchants will be asked to re-
duce all prices 10 per cent. In addi-
tion, merchants will refund another
a per cent to customers who buy
more than 500 worth of goods dur
ing May, All merchants participat-
ing in the program will carry a big
&c" in their windows.
Number to Be Announced.
Mr.. Fitch said members were busy
last night rounding up supporters
and distributing circulars explain
ing the novel plan. He expects to
have an announcement later today
on the number of merchants ready
to join In the program.
Albert and Peter Walcoff, brothers
who operate the Princess Market at
|85 H street NV, announced they
were giving the Newburyport plan
a try in their grocery store begin
ming Monday. This would be one
of the first food stores to take such
action here.
They said everything would be re-
duced 10 per cent, including meat,
bread and milk.
we feel 1t will work and already
have the cooperation of one whole
ssler," Peter Walcof said yesterday.
They plan to allow 10 per cent
markdown when each customers
bill is totaled at the checkout
counter.
A 10 per cent reduction on all
merchandise in the Public Shoe
Store, Arlington, was announced yes
terday by Samuel Friedman, owner,
who said it was in compliance with
President Truman's request to keep
pil-es down.
Some authorities in the retail
business here we're inclined to doubt
the success of a communicative
price reduction for Washington.
One expert pointed out the plan
has better chance of success in
smaller communities than Wash
iagton.
The Merchants and Manufac-
turers' Association raised the ques-
ton yesterday whether merchants
would go along on fiat reduction
OF prices because of antitrust laws.
Evening star., 1947-04-26
Chino
Continued From First Page. }

the nearest Communists were 20
miles away
During the first 80 hours after
their capture by small band of
Reds, the two officers were forced to
travel continuously as the Com
munist force retreated northward
before government counter Often
sive, they said
"On the second day." Maj. Rigg
declared, Collins was unable to
continue because the toes of both
his feet were frozen collins suf-
fered frozen feet while q prisoner
of Germany during the war; and we
told our captors we refused to con-
tinue. The answer was a group of
soldiers with bayonets who prodded
us into carts"
The two officers finally were taken
to Harbin, $50 airline miles north
east of Changchun, making the last
lap by train.
Placed in Solitary Confinement.
They were separated Immediately
and placed in solitary confinement
with armed guards at each door and
a heavy force surrounding the old
house which the Communists turned
into temporary prison.
During their confinement, each
was fed two meals day. Mai. Rigg
said this was "ample-but we could
have eaten more"
The questioning which the two
later learned constituted their trial
as spies" was conducted before Red
Generals Huang Yo-feng and Ii
Li-san, the latter the chief of the
Communist Foreign Affairs Depart
nent in Manchuria.
Maj. Rigg said the Communists
played one American against the
other with frequent cross-question-
ing and shouted charges of "liar!"
Sessions of these trials lasted
from six to nine hours each" he
added. Questioning was interspersed
with lectures by the presiding judge
on the errors of American foreign
policy"
Communist leaders were bitter,
the officers said, and rejected any
Scognition of the Americans dip
bmatic status as members of the
Embassy staff.
Maj Rigg said he and Capt. Col
Evening star., 1947-04-26
Telephone
Continued From First page)

threshed out in collective bargain
ing.
A. B. Haneke, company vice presi-
dent, said the agreement was being
hailed as the peace formula, for
terminating the national strike.
Conciliator Lucien F. Rye agreed it
may set national pattern.
Union Quit Federation.
J. B Morrison, vice president and
general manager of the Chesapeake
& Potomac Telephone Co. here,
cited the agreement as an indica-
ton ito unions here that we can
settle our disputes around the bar
gaining table"
But Joseph A. Beirne. NFTW
president, said the Maryland union
had voted six weeks ago to drop out
OF the national federation April 80,
and rendered its resignation after
signing yesterdays agreement. The
other NFTW affiliates, including
three others in Maryland, have re-
fused to arbitrate locally, he said.
The Maryland union members
will return to work at am. Monday,
but more than 1000 operators and
other workers are continuing their
part in the stoppage.
Woman Picket Arrested.
Police Pvt. Vincent Antonelli last
night arrested Mrs. Mary Ellen
Hurley, AZ, of 41s H street S.W., and
charged her with disorderly conduct
on the picket line in front of the
telephone Office at 723 Thirteenth
street NV. She was released on IS
collateral for appearance in court
Wednesday.
Pvt. Antonelli said Mrs. Hurley
was arrested on a similar charge
Wednesday, but gave her address as
1920 B street NE. She Is scheduled
to appear in court Tuesday on the
first charge.
In San Francisco a clash between
police and strikers yesterday brought
the arrest of IA. men and IS women
charged with refusing to move on"
when asked to break up a demon
stration in the business district.
Tuck Warns Phone Workers.
In Virginia, Gov Tuck warned
telephone workers they might "And
themselves out of employment for a
long time If they refused to work
for the State during a strike sched-
uled for May II. His statement
was an answer to union advice to
workers that their right to strike
was sacred" 4
Henry Mayer, chief counsel for
NFTW, told Nashville CTenn)
strikers he had asked Attorney
General Clark for an investigation
of A. T. & T. by the Antitrust
Division.
The strikers defense fund was
strengthened here by a $4,000 check
from the AFL Teamsters and
promise by President Daniel l..
Tobin to repeat the contribution
every two weeks as long as the
strike lasts.
Annoyed by what he called monop-
olizing of the sidewalks by picketing
telephone strikers. Representative
Hoffman, Republican, of Michigan
yesterday introduced a bill that
would drastically curb District
picketing methods.
MIR. Hoffman's bill would cut
pickets to one for each Is workers
involved, conflne picketing to the
outside fifth Of the sidewalk. and
prevent obstruction of building en-
frances Penalties would be Jail
sentences up to 80 days and fines
up to $500 or both. and would
deprive any violator Of rights under
the National Labor Relations Act
for six months.
Evening star., 1947-04-26
Closed Shop
Continued From First Page.

comply with the law by throwing
their jobs open to non-union work
erS.
Should a strike result from the
latter reason, and the State law later
be held unconstitutional, the con-
tractors might be sued for non-per-
formance. If, on the other hand,
they refuse work to non-union ap-
plicants, they can be sued for
damages under the new law.
While the law provides no criminal
penalties, it specifies that employers
or unions or a combination of both
who deny the right to work because
Of non-membership in a union are
acting in an illegal combination or
conspiracy
This wording might permit Grim
inal prosecution in addition to civil
action,
The new law does not upset exist
Ing contracts, but applies to renew
ais and new agreements.
An AFL spokesman here today
described the law as drastic and
apparently unconstitutional. and
predicted that test case will be
made at the earliest possible time.
Similar Test Cases.
A similar test case has been made
in Florida, and another is expected
in Delaware. The spokesman said
these cases are being pressed either
by the unions or attorney generals
in the various States to hasten
State Supreme Court rulings, which
likely will be reviewed by the
United States Supreme Court.
An acute shortage of both union
and nonunion labor in the build
ing trades has developed in the
Washington area, where the biggest
private building boom in IS years
is under way
In some cases, nonunion work
ers are getting more than the union
contract scale.
One contractor recently adver-
tised for bricklayers at s22.50 a.
day for a five-day week, with time
and half for Saturday On a.
number of jobs, it was said, SLOW
downs or artificial limits have
been placed on the amount of work
one man could turn out in a day.
Meanwhile, new anticlosed shop
legislation poses difficult question
for the higher courts in that two
American rights ap-
pear in conflict: The right of con-
tract, and the right of every man
to work at his highest productive
skill.
Evening star., 1947-04-26
HoIdup
Continued From First Page }

Mr.. Furneyhough notified police
at No. 8 precinct and they inmedi-
ately broadcast an alarm to all po-
lice to be on the lookout.
Mr. Furneyhough, incidentally
said he was going to purchase the
auto for which he had the 81 500
from q No. precinct policeman and
was on his way there when he was
robbed.
MIR. Furneyhough, who has worked
for a wholesale produce dealer, said
he believed Charley" was cheap
huckster" He described him as
about SO years old, five feet, eleven
inches, $50 pounds. OF slender build
and sportily dressed. He said he
believed Charley" lived in Airing
ton. Va.
Evening star., 1947-04-26
Labor
CONTINUED From First pace

day and will probably last all week
and longer.
Senator Taft, Joined by Senator
Ball, Republican, of Minnesota and
others of both parties, wants to-:
Prohibit unions from interfering
with workers rights to self-organi-
zation; tone down the practice of
industry-wide bargaining; enable
private employers to get injunc-
tions to block jurisdictional (inter-
union) strikes, and prohibit union
controlled welfare funds.
Bill Bans Closed Shop.
The bill as it stands does not
contain those provisions. 1t does
contain q ban on closed shop con-
tracts; elimination of bargaining
rights of foremen; creation of an
Independent mediation service; in
functions to stop strikes endanger-
ing the national health and welfare;
a ban on jurisdictional strikes and
other practices.
Speakers against the Taft-Ball
amendments are expected to include
Senators Ives, Republican, of New
York; Morse, Republican, of Oregon;
Ellender, Aiken, Republican, of Yer
mont, and Hatch, Democrat, of New
Mexico.
Here is the general stand of those
Senators:
Cd They want some labor bill to
become law; CD they believe the
present bill, approved by the Senate
Labor Committee, Is reasonable;
90 they think that If it Is tough
ened during debate, the final bill
passed by Congress will be so re-
strictive that the chances of a
presidential veto will be increased
and there will be no new labor law
at all.
The House has already approved
a far-reaching bill which must even
tually be compromised with the
Senate version.
Meantime, a third group in the
Senate, opposing both the r-'--ssnt
bill ana the amendments, / | its
plans today. This was the small
band centering around 6 iators
Thomas, Democrat, Of Utah: Pepper,
Democrat, of Florida. and Murray,
Democrat. Of Montana. Ttsre were
indications that they may offer a
substitute for the whole Measure.
Evening star., 1947-04-26
Thomas Cites inability
|0f Congress 10 Obtain
Foreign Affairs Data

+ AOtlSt Ecclutli tO0 O&GCl1 4Abot QC-
pend on newspaper columnists and
radio commentators for information
ON foreign affairs, Senator Thomas,
Democrat, of Utah told members
of the American Society Of Inter
national Law today.
He said he once had asked the
State Department how al certain
columnist had obtained information
which hte Senate did not have, and
was informed there had been "a
leak In the Foreign Office, in India. y
I Senator Thomas said he was In
favor of the creation of a Civilian
Committee to advise the President
and Congress what effect any given
foreign policy could be expected to
produce. The suggestion that such
a committee be appointed was made
Thursday by Charles Cheney Hyde,
president Of the society.
Mr.. Hyde made it clear both then
and today that the committee would
not help the Government form a
foreign policy, but merely advise
what results could be expected from
any type of foreign policy
Germany Discussed.
Charles Fairman, professor of po-
itical science at Sanford University
told the society that any German
peace treaty would necessarily
"festen on Germany continuing OBJ
legations" He said democratic de-
velopment Of any country Injured
to totalitarian rule" would be slow.
Discussing legal aspects of the
occupation of enemy territory. DR.
Fairman said the Allied military
courts are not subject to judicial
review by United States courts, in
his opinion
The 41st annual meeting, held ir
the Carlton Hotel, ended with the
election of officers:
Hyde Is Reelected.
Charles Cheney Hyde, Hamilton
Fish professor emeritus of Interna
tional law at Columbia University
was reelected president. Secretary
of State Marshall was named hon
orary president.
Elected to the eight-man execu-
tive council were two Washington
attorneys: Edmund Dumbauld, oi
the Department of Justice and Dur
ward v. Sandifer, legislative counsel
for the State Department. Charles
Evans Hughes and Cordell Hull
were among the honorary vice presi-
dents chosen.
Philip c. Jessup, professor of in
ternational law at Columbia Uni
versity yesterday talked about
methods of teaching international
law in law schools.
On United Nations Committee.
Meanwhile, the State Department
announced that President Truman
had appointed Mr.. Jessup to a
United Nations Committee that will
study methods to encourage the
development of international law
and its eventual codification. The
committee meets May IL at Lake
Success.
Mr.. Jessup served as assistant Sec
retary general at the UNRRA and
Breton Woods conferences. He for
merly held several positions in the
State Department.
/. Alger Hiss, president of the Car
negie Endowment for International
Peace, discussed the development of
international law through interna-
tional organizations at last nights
The United Nations and interna-
tional law was the subject of a talk
by Sir Carl Berendsen, Minister of
New Zealand to the United States.