davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-30
U. S. SHIPPING
POLICY ANALYZED
Propeller Club Official
Calls For Rebuilding OF
Shipping Lanes

An analysis OF Americas ship
ping policy in the present era Of
readjustment, has been made by
Arthur M. Tode, honorary presi-
dent of the Propeller club of the
United States.
The thesis, released for publ
cation today by the club, deals
mainly with Americas position in
the Maritime world, and cautions
against the nations inactivity in
rebuilding its vessels and main
tanning leadership in shipping
channels.
During this period of postwar
readjustment when the victcrs in
a destructive, war are desperately
attempting to establish in t e T.
national accord, it is inevitable
that there should be conflicts OF
opinion over the equitable distri-
button of available trade oppor-
tunities upon which all of the
surviving nations must depend to
a larger extent than ever before
for a solution of their economic
difficulties" Tode said.
"We gather from representa-
tives of British shipping who are
quoted frequently in the press, to
the effect that the very existence
of our residue of tonnage left over
from the wartime emergency is a
direct challenge to their maritime
future: that we should cheerfuliy
abandon our aspirations to be-
come a major sea power in the
interests of world harmony a n d
promptly dispose of as much OF
our merchant marine as possible
at bargain prices or as gifts to
Allied maritime nations that lost
most of their mercantile tonnage
during the war, and magnani-
mously assume a position of mari
time impotency."
For several decades following
the First World War which left
America with a residue of emery.
ency tonnage creating a situation
exactly similar to the one we now
face, prominent Spokesman for
British shipping RECALLED us with
advice as to how We should man.
age our maritime affairs for the
best interests of the British EN-.
pire."
Through these earlier encoun-
tiers with British critics of our
maritime policy, we have become
familiar with the technique of de-
featism which is now being re-
vived to dissuade us from persu-
ing our national policy of encou-
raging and maintaining an Ameri-
can Merchant Marine"
The present trend of world
events is far from reassuring, for
we r witnessing the emergence
Of a new balance of power en- the
Continent OF Europe which may
prove to be as dangerous to the
British Empire as to the Western
Hemisphere"
There has been a progressive
decline in the amount of Ameri-
can flag tonnage in operation.
One year ago, this country W a S
operating in excess of 43, 900, 600
tons. We now have in operation
70, 500, 900 lightweight tons, OF 49,
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-30
Rubber Production
Controls Extended

WASHINGTON, March 20. - R)
- President Truman today sign
ed legislation extending govern
ment controls over the use and
production Of rubber until March
81, 1913.
The measure also ends govern
ment purchasing of natural rubber
at midnight, EST, Monday.
1t thus restores the natural rub
Der trade to private industry,
removing it from the hands Of
the Reconstruction Finance Corp,
which vas sole purchaser and
seller throughout the war.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-30

Chinatowns will continue to be
definite f atures of cosmopolitan
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-30

left today for the United States
to "'study and iscuss the possibili-
ties of buying arms and amuni-
ton for the Iranian army" Gen.
Hedayat is former head of the
Iranian War College.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-30

The University of Wisconsin Is
beginning its 99th year.. It has an
all-time record enrolment Of
nearly $1,000 students on the Madi-
son campus, and over 5000 in ex-
tension centers located throughout
the state. About half r veterans
returned from war duties.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-30

Alchemy, the dream of many
scientists of the Middle Ages that
they might transmute baser me-
tails into gold, is now a possibility
through atom splitting.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-30
MARCH 30 ~.

va The first United State, y
w a1,5d' 70 eircumnavipat. MAYA
v w1fld was the Uss Tips the
cans 1875 o. Sos and returned d S SS5
ape Of Good Hope in june Via ,t The
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-30

The American Indians always
combined turquoise with silver;
the orientals have always used
gold.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-30

: Carolina Beach dug a ditch.
. OF it's own free will and accord,
THE city fathers decided their
drainage problem could easily be
solved by paying about three thou
sand in cold cash for a Whltevllle
.tirm to do the work.
. The headaches had just started.
The heavy dew" Friday night
resulted in the almost over flow
point of the new ditch, caused by
water torrenting from old Heneka
Canal. Heneka is not as deep as
sthe new ditch, and when the
hlggers reached the canal, where
they hoped the water from the
new ditch would empty into Hene-
ska and flow peacefully on into the
Cape Fear, they found a flood
spoint.
/. Adding insult to injury, a
spreading out at the end OF the
new ditch. near a road, caused
.the State Highway Department to
sreach the boiling point, but re-
.sults, so far as repair were con-
accrued, were nil.
: Now the resort is looking to the
tCounty Commissioners to come to
THE rescue with a little spading
ito m a k Heneka deeper and
broader.
, The proprietor's mouth fairly
."watered" at a local grill the
sother cold, gray morning.
A customer, who had left
sthoughtfully returned to the coat
rack and took his topper from the
icafe.
. The proprietor looked after the
.coat longingly and muttered, land
THAT was just about my SIZE"
; Wrightsville Beach residents
Hooked in awe the other windy
morning as a good portion Of their
treal estate took to the air.
! Mrs. A. L. Meyland, regular
'employe, but who then was pinch
hitting for r. L. Benson, city
.clerk, out with an appendectomy,
said that she ate a ham sand
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-30
Iranian Delegation
To Buy American Arms

TEHRAN, March 20, - up -
An 1ranian military delegation,
headed b. Gen. Hedayat, under
secretary to the war minister,
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-30
News In The World Of
Religion

American C i tt e s, but a more
modern type of Chinese American
clergymen must be trained to min
lister in their Christian churches,
according to DR.. Edwar Lee,
Methodist leader in Los Angeles
Chinatown. The present gener-
alton of ministers was trained in
China; the new generation must
be America-trained in order to
understand and serve the second
and third generation Chinese COM
munity, he believes. Il think n
is safe in saying that forces are
at work making for closer lnte-
grafton" says DR.. Lee, ''but the
complete Identification or amalga
nation of the Chinese groups with
the larger community is unlikely,
at least for a time. Chinatown
populations will be fed continuous
ly a small but steady steam OF
new immigrants from China, max
ing it likely that Chiuatowns will
be a permanent feature of Ameri
can lie"
DR.. William N. Wysham mis-
sionary of the Presbyterian
Church in the U. S. e. recently
returned from the Philippines and
Siam, says that the war set back
public health programs in these
countries many years, and that
there is a compelling need fot
more medical missionary service.
In Bangkok" he says, where
our mission has never had a
Christian hospital, We found a de-
mand from Christians a n d Bud
dhists alike that We open enc at
once. In Manila, also, the leading
evangelical laymen insisted on our
giving careful consideration to
their dreams for a great Chris
tan medical center there. Any
wise mission strategy for south
east Asia must include consider
able strengthening of medical
forces to m e dire physical
need"
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-30
. Beat
Pickups
BY PHIL WRIGHT
Star-NeWs Staff Writer
A POEM

"The spring is sprung,
T. the sun is rlz.
] wonder where,
- the flowers is"
That is the poem Miss Marjorie
.Tant, technical expert in Harry
tFales' office was chanting the
other morn of Wilmington's typl'
cal first spring day.
: But that could have had nothing
to do with Miss Betty Divine, Star
News, society editor, and dean OF
wilmington social news gathering,
when she laid a carefully-wordeo
manuscript, depicting the wedolng
splans of a couple on u desk.
+. The masterpiece, over which
.doting mamma had doubtlessly
.labored endlessly, was completely
:correct with one exception.
| It vas entitled, "Kane-Jones to
she UNIFIED in double ring cere-
smony."
. Betty laughed when it took most
of us three or more golngs over
to find the "catch." How long did
you look?
Evening star., 1947-05-22
Ruins Of Roxas' Plane
Found; 18Feared Dead
BY the Associoted Press

MANILA, May 22.-The wreckage
of luxury air liner carrying at least
II Philippine government officials
and a crew of seven was found to-
day on a mountainside on Minda-
mao. 1t was the personnel plane of
President Manuel A. Roxas. All on
board were believed dead.
President Roxas has ordered Maj.
Gen. Rafael Jalandoni, chief of staff
of the Philippine Army, to fly to the
scene of the disaster and direct op-
erations.
The plane, once the flagship of
Lord Louis Mountbatten when he
was the Allied commander in South
east Asia, had been scheduled to
fly to Paris soon to bring back
Filipino Vice President Elpidio
Quirino.
Searchers reported the .wreckage
was strewn over a wide area 8.700
feet up the slope of Mount Katan-
glad. Is miles northwest of Malay
balay on Northern Mindanao. They
said there was no sign of life.
Incorrect maps which show tower
ing Mount Katanglad in the wild
Bukidnon Plateau region as 1900
feet instead of its actual $500 feet
apparently brought disaster to the
plush Lined, twin-engined aircraft
Evening star., 1947-05-22
Navy WMCheck
Blood of Sailors
AT Bikini Test
BY tho Assoeiated Pres.

The Navy announced today that
a complete blood count has been or
dered for all men still in service who
took part in the Bikini atom bomb
tests last year.
The order was described by Bu-
reau of Medicine officer as "rou-
tine followup."
Secretary Forrestal directed the
checkup be made.
Between $4,000 and 10000 Navy
men were in the vicinity when two
atom bombs were exploded July /
and Is in the Pacific last year. Most
of them were due for discharge at
that time and the Navy does not
know how many still are in service
Earlier, a Navy official said no Ill
effects from the atom bomb tests
have been found and declared there
Is no cause for alarm.
Evening star., 1947-05-22
Presidents Mother
Progressing Nicely
Doctor Encouraged
Voice Grows Stronger;
Truman Family Continues
To Stay at Bedside
Ru Insenh A Enx
By Joseph A. Fox
Stor Stoff Correspondent

KANSAS CITY, May o.
President Truman's mother "is
still progressing nicely" accord
ing to Brig. Gen. Wallace
Graham, White House physician,
who is attending 94-year-old
Mrs. Martha Truman at her
home in Grandview.
There was no effort to minimize
the serious condition of the pa
tient, but Gen. Graham said that he
still felt encouraged by her recupera-
tive powers and had no reason to
change the optimistic viewpoint
about her chance for recovery which
he expressed yesterday.
Gen. Graham said that Mother
Truman's voice is stronger and that
she had very good breakfast"
1t was evident, however, that
President Truman is making no
plans to return to Washington i'm
mediately.
When the President went to
Grandview this morning accom-
panied by Mrs. Truman, he took a
batch of official papers on which to
work. He also got large amount
of work done in his Kansas City
hotel apartment earlier.
Earlier President Truman said
there was mo perceptible change"
in his mothers condition and he
seemed much worried.
Mrs. Truman was placed in an
"oscillating bed" yesterday after
noon. Propelled by motor, the
bed makes a weaving motion that
is an important aid to the pa
tents circulation.
The bed was brought in as q
surprise, and before she was moved
into it, Mrs. Truman sat for an
hour or SO in her old cane -bottomed
rocking chair, rocking gently as she
talked to members of the family.
Evening star., 1947-05-22
Cost Of Living in D. {.
Reaches New Peak

The cost of living in Washington
took another jump between March
is and April Is, to reach a new
record, the Bureau of Labor Sta
tistics reported today.
The bureau said prices on April
Is were ITS per cent above year
earlier and ST per cent above Au-
gust, 1899. The increase in prices
between mid-March and mid-April
was estimated at Oh per cent.
Food prices declined 0.5 per cent
during the 30-day period, the Labor
Department agency noted. This was
offset by advances in clothing,
housefurnishings, fuel oil and gaso-
line prices.
The Agriculture Department,
meanwhile, reiterated that it ex-
pected q gradual decline in food
prices this summer and fail as the
new crops are harvested.
A review of the national food sit
uation reminded consumers, how
ever, that no "precipitous decreases
In prices appear" likely.
Evening star., 1947-05-22

Attorney General Clark said
today "a positive and demanding
need has arisen in our country
for emphasizing the blessings OF
the American heritage"
To meet it, he outlined to a White
House gathering of prominent citi-
zens from all parts OF the Nation
plans for sending a Freedom Train
across the United states.
It viii bear the Declaration OF
Independence. the Bill of Rights,
the Emancipation Proclamation and
other treasured historical documents
to be viewed by citizens in every
section.
The tour will start in Philadel-
phia on September II, the l6oth an
niversary of the adoption OF the
Constitution. The train viii be In
Washington around mid November.
The Justice Department, Mr.
Evening star., 1947-05-22
Britain Is AI|ocafed Part
OF American Coal Exports
BY the Associated Press

LONDON, May 22.-The 17-nation
European Coal Organization agreed
unanimously today that the United
Kingdom should receive an alloca-
ticn of American coal provided
American exports to Europe exceed
5000, GOO tons in the third quarter
of this year.
j. Eaton Griffiths. chairman of the
Coal Organization. said there were
reasonable prospects that Britain
would receive almost her total bid
of 100000 tons, as United States
exports. to Europe were likely to be
10000, GOO tons during the period.
Britain, previously a supplier of
roal for ALLEGATION to the other u
European importing nations, had for
She first time requested to be in
cluded among the importers.
Evening star., 1947-05-22
New teacher Pay Bill,
Lauded as Excellent,
Heads for Enactment
Instructors Would Get
60R More Than in 1889;
Administrators, 40%
By Don 5. Warren

Unanimously approved by the
Fiscal subcommittee of both the
House and Senate District Com
mittees, the revised teacher pay
bill today was headed for early
enactment.
. Chairman Bates of the House
subcommittee will ask the full Dis
trict Committee, meeting this after
noon, to send the bill to the House
calendar. Similar action will be
sought by Chairman Cain OF the
Senate subcommittee, at session of
the Senate District Committee next
Tuesday.
The bill would give teachers an in
crease of $50 beginning July
over present temporary levels, or
$500 above the old basic scales. Both
chairmen called the measure an ex-
cellent compromise between the
levels first sought by school author
tiles and the no-increase stand
originally taken by the Commits
sioners.
$4,000 for Corning.
AS now drafted, the bill calls for
a fiat salary of $4,000 for the su-
perintendent of schools, DR.. Hobart
M. Corning. He now is paid $10,-
900 and would go to $1,000 on
July /, under present legislation.
The Board of Education had recon-
mended $4,000 for the school head,
but this was shaved down since
the maximums requested for teach
ers had been cut by 5000. Cor
responding cuts were made in new
tops for supervising officials.
Senator Cain and Representative
Bates, heading the fiscal subcom-
mittees, told reporters the pay
scales now recommended would
place Washington in high rank,
but not at the top. among the larger
cities. They said only four cities
now have higher scales and that
the new Washington levels would be
the same as two others.
Good Bill, Bates Says.
The new levels here, officials said.
would give administrative officers
20 to As per cent more pay than
1See TEACHERS PAY, Page A-6D
Evening star., 1947-05-22
Morzoni Case Goes to Jury;
Defense Charges Persecution
Counsel Addresses Emotional Appeal TO Nine
Coored Members Of Panel in LoyoIty Triol

hearing-that he was "tired OF per-
secution."
"You know what that means,
Mr.. Ford told the jurors. "You have
lived here. I don't have to sell you
what persecution is. But there
comes a time when you get tired
of it."
The attorney shouted, whispered
and cajoled in his 70-minute ad-
dress. Again and again he repeated
the words: I'm tired of this perse-
cution."
Somebody says something about
you, and you look at them and say
it's not true, and they keep saying
it-but they show you nothing te
prove it." Mr. Ford said.
Scornfully, he discussed the credi.
bility of Government witnesses who
have testified they knew Marzani ir
1910 and 1941 in New York as TONY
Whales" a Communist branch
organizer.
He described George Hewitt, New
York Communist, Government
witness, as a confessed perjuror'
who gave a wrong name and swore
to uphold the Constitution of the
United States when applying for a
passport visa for Russia, where he
(See MARZANI, Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1947-05-22
Basket Dealer Reports
Loss Of S1,40O in HoIdup

A basket dealer told police he was
robbed Of 81 400 this morning by two
men who entered his shop at TIL
Ninth street S.W.. and escaped in
a car driven by a third man.
The dealer, Frank M. Hurst, So,
said the men were colored and ap-
peared at 7:35 am while he was
counting the money on desk.
Alone In the building. Mr.. Hurst
said he was confronted by As
caIiber automatic and demand by
one of the men: Il want It."
Mr.. Hurst said he obliged. turning
over four $100 bills and the rest In
SOS, $i0s and SIS,
The dealer said the men fed In
4 black 1887 or 1898 Ford coach
bearing Maryland tags.
Evening star., 1947-05-22
By Gornett D. Horner

The administration plans a new
drive in this session of Congress for
broad authority to transfer" mod
ern United States military equip
ment to Latin American countries
and Canada, it was learned today.
President Truman is expected to
ask Congress soon for special legis-
lation. designed to enable this Gov
ernment to take the lead in pro-
gram to standardiZe the armies and
navies of this hemisphere.
The program would involve in
creased United States cooperation
in training the fighting forces of
other American nations. as we'll as
supplying them arms and all forms
of Army and Navy equipment.
Secretary of State Marshall. Secre-
tary of War Patterson, and SecTe-
tary of the Navy Forrestal have
agreed that the program should Be
Evening star., 1947-05-22
Truman Moy Ask Lew Providing
Arms for Americas and Cunudu

pushed for action at this session OF
Congress, informed officials said.
Plans were set to call for the War
and Navy Departments to carry
the BALI in the drive for early con-
gressional action, although Gen.
Marshall is understood to have
agreed to lead off testimony before
congressional committees In support
of the opposed legislation.
A similar program was proposed
to Congress last year by President
Truman, but it died in the House
Foreign Affairs Committee without
action. Passage this year appears
highly uncertain, In view of the
crowded schedule facing q Congress
pressing for adjournment by
August /.
The administration decision to
renew the request for congressional
action has been delayed because
Gen. Marshall succeeded James r.
(See ARMS, Page ADD
Evening star., 1947-05-22
Clark Tells of Freedom Train
To Stress Americas Heritage

Clark said. has in its possession
shocking evidence of disloyalty to
our Government, of violations OF
civil liberties. Of juvenile delin-
quency, and of 'the activities of
professional bigots and other dis
rupters of American unity"
Future events will take the meas
ure of our way of life" he declared
in prepared address. ''The con-
tinuing crises of the postwar world
both foreign and domestic-will try
our mettle again and again.
"Our proposal today is not a long
range program That should be
handled by. the experts in the field
of education. These times call for
something more dramatic, something
with an immediate impact.
THE spearhead Of this program
will be the Freedom Train. This is
(See FREEDOM TRAIN, Page A-60
Evening star., 1947-05-22
Reds Attack
Inside Changchun as
Chang Speeds Planes
Two Red Forces Routed by
NotionoIists, but City's
Peril Is Emphasized
By the Associated Press

NANKING, May 22.-Chinese
dispatches described a bold
Communist guerrilla attack in
side Changchun today as the
Government rushed a "sizable"
force of warplanes in an effort
to ease the Red grip around the
besieged Manchurian capital.
Communist soldiers in plain clothes
sneaked into Changchun early We'd
nesday and attacked three police
stations, Nationalist reports said.
A small number of uniformed Reds,
carried out 2 sortie
against the city's south gate.
The press accounts said both
Communist forces were routed, but
they pointed up the peril to Chang
chun and the grave turn in Chinas
civil war.
Nationalists who recaptured Hung
chuling, SO miles southwest OF
Changchun, are moving toward the
capital, other dispatches said. IN an
attempt to dislodge Communists
blocking the flow of reinforcements
to the embattled city.
Two Nationalist Armies on Way.
Unconfirmed reports from Mukden
said two Nationalist armies were
on the way to Manchurian battle
fronts as reinforcements. Chinese
acknowledged loss OF
several points around Kirin, 60 miles
east of Changchun.
Other dispatches told of fighting
for two airfields in Changchun SUBJ
urbs still in government hands.
South of China's Great Wall, Reds
were reported to have infiltrated
into the Mentoukou coal-mining
area, about 20 miles west Of Peiping,
and to have attacked Nationalist
13 miles northwest of Tientsin.
Martial law was declared in Muk-
den, where Japan began her con-
quest OF Manchuria in 1881. But
even as machine-gun posts were go
ing up, the city's tawdry dance halls
to do a thriving business.
Evening star., 1947-05-22
S75O,o00,O00 Charge
On U. 5. for Feeding
Reich in 1948 Seen
British Reported Likely
To Ask America to Pay
Her Shore Of Imports
BY the Associated Press

FRANKFURT, Germany, May
GA bill to American taxpayers
for approximately $750,000,00C
for feeding 46,000,0O0 Germans
in Western Europe was described
today by American economic
sources as "a prospect for 1948.'
These sources said the British,
worTiedly making deep inroads on
their postwar loan from the United
States, would be compelled in the
next few months to ask the United
States to pay Britain's dollar share
of German food imports.
Under the American-Br eco
nomic fusion of their occupation
zones, each of the two countries this
year presumably were paying halt
of the estimated cost of $692 900, ,00o
to save the bizonal population OF
10000, Zoo from starvation.
so Per Cent inf British Area.
Nearly 60 per cent of the popula-
tion is In British territory, but the
American military government
agreed last winter to accept half Of
the financial obligation because 1t
reasoned that the American zone
never could be self-suff1cient alone.
The United States also has made
frequent overtures to France to ef-
feet a tri-zonal merger, bringing an
other 100000 Germans into the
American British framework.
II the French agree later to full
economic integration of the three
zones, some American officials here
said, it may be on the condition that
the Americans temporarily" pay for
food imports for the French-rufed
Germans.
officials estimated the French re-
quirements might tap the United
States Treasury for up to $50, 600, ,000
a year.
The French zone has consistently
posted lower official ration than
the remainder of Western Germany
A tri-zonal merger would entail a
uniform ration.