davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1947-08-29
Governors Approval
Army Engineers Hog Funds
For Development Work
Get Two-Thirds Of All Appropriations To Aid
In Bleeding Away Montana 5 Life Blood

OF appropriations toalng slightly than 81 ID million
the work of nine major in the Missouri
valley during 1948 the Army Engineers received $6
approximately twohirds of all funds approved according
figures compiled by Montana MVA in cooperation with
the nine agencies The Bureau of Reclamation poor
second with $32 Million and the Soil
traed way behind third place So
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1947-08-29
REVISE CONCEPT OF COMMUNISM is
Chs NEvvSk1AN'S ADVICE TO US.
HARSCH POINTS UP OUR NEED FOR NEW APPROACH
SELLING AMERICAN IDEALS TO EUROPE

leadership
a quiet tools
alteration essential Harsch warned
Evening star., 1947-05-14
A Mistake in Principle

Streetcar tokens were invalidated as
fares when the higher transit rates went
into effect. About 10000 were estimated
to be outstanding in the hands of the
public and up to noon yesterday more than
$4,000 of these had been redeemed for cash
at the company offices. So the disposition
of the remaining tokens is not very i'm
portant, when one considers that mil
lion and a half passengers are carried on
the cars and buses every day. Yet The
Star agrees with Peoples Counsel John
ODea and feels that, insofar as the prin-
ciple is concerned, the holders of unused
tokens were in a sense defrauded. The
tokens had been sold as good for a fare.
When they were invalidated as fares, those
outstanding should have been collectible
as fare for period Of fifteen or thirty
days, giving people an opportunity to use
them up. The company, incidentally, had
nothing to do with the commissions deci-
sion in this respect. It has gone to some
inconvenience and extra expense in per-
mitting the cash redemption of tokens by
mail But the company probably will
profit, In the end, because many holders OF
tokens will not take the trouble to mail
them or call at company office for the
few cents involved It is little thing,
compared with the increased fare, but the
Utilities Commission made mistake when
it added a penalty-in the form OF personal
inconvenience-to the redemption Of un-
used tokens
Evening star., 1947-05-14

not make enough to live on, though work
every day, and am past 60. have seen the
picket lines that some of the employees who
want to go back to work will not cross" These
pickets wear better clothes than do, including
the youngsters in slacks to whom the whole
thing seems to be picnic. AS for the presi-
dent of the National Federation OF Telephone
Workers he seems to want to be like John L.
Lewis and have "power" "&B But the proverb
about giving a man enough rope and he'll hang
himself seems to have worked in his case.
OF course, the agitators have to agitate and
the organizers have to organize, as some one
said about the teachers striking If the big
salaries Of the union officials, and mean
big, stopped when the workers were on strike,
I wonder If they wouldn't be more reasonable?
I don't have what would like to have to live
on either, but have to live on what I have
Yours for higher dividends
AN A. T. g. r. SToCKHOLDER.
Evening star., 1947-05-14
Refunds for Tokens


It seems to be the trend Of affairs these days
to oppress the American citizen In as many
ways as "the powers that be" can think up
without losing too much sleep. The Capital
Transit Co. raises its fares and provides no
time to use up tokens. I purchased dollars
worth Of these one day last week when the
driver must have known that 1t was not good
policy In view of the change In fares to be
made on Sunday. Now must spend 20 cents
to arrive at place where may turn them in
The company is allowed tx per cent return
whereas per cent seems to be a good return;
I know OF companies that pay no dividends
until depression is weathered (and make no
mistake OF assuming that we are not In the
midst Of one with milk. so necessary to children
and pregnant mothers, selling at 81 cents q
quartz. No utility has a right to Cypress the
poorer class in such q fashion. G. M.
Editors Note: The readers Just complaint
should be with the Public Utilities Commits
sion, which made the rule regarding token
dispositiou3
Evening star., 1947-05-14

Communists are sometimes the sort OF
human beings who should be put in jail.
The Royal Commission which exposed
the far-reaching operations Of q Conn-
munist Party Soviet espionage ring in
Canada during and after World War II
admitted that 'sat first sight" 1t found
difaculty In crediting '.that the leaders
OF any Canadian political party would take
instructions from agents Of any foreign
power" It changed It's mind after hearing
the story OF Igor Gouzenko, Russian code
clerk, and delving thoroughly into the
underground network which had invaded
the Canadian civil service. The commits
sion quoted Gouzenko as saying: "To many
Soviet people abroad it is clear that the
Communist Party in democratic countries
has changed long ago from political party
into an agency net OF the Soviet govern
ment, into fifth column in these countries
to meet war, into an instrument in the
hands of the Soviet government for Great
ing unrest, provocations, ETC., ETC."
The commissions report declared: "The
attitude of members of the Soviet Embassy
staff toward developed members of the
Canadian Communist Party is well sum- !
med up in the Russian word NASH occa-
sionally used as a sentence by itself with
reference to members of that party In
Colonel zapotin's (espionage directory
notebooks. Nash literally translated,
means ours or he is ours'" There is
lot more in the report to show that Cana
dian Communists were different from other
citizens. And If Mr.. Wallace will take the
trouble to read that report, he will find
considerable evidence that Communists
everywhere are pretty much the same.
Evening star., 1947-05-14
Ready for War

To the Editor Of The Star:
have just finished reading THE Truth
About Soviet Russia's 100000 Slaves" ap-
pearing in the April issue OF Readers Digest
II this story Is true and all indications are
that it is authentic, then I should like to ask
just one question: What are we waiting for?
Although have spent over five years in the
service during the war, 15h months of which
time was spent in the European theater Of
operations Give battle stars, I feel that there
is no time to lose in again going to war If
such conditions actually exist.
have had the opportunity to talk. to men,
bers of my own group who have been In Ger
man prison camps, have observed conditions
in Germany and the countries overrun by
them, yet nothing in the Naz regime seems
as intolerable to me as the conditions described
In this article.
When I first returned home and our corner
groceryman suggested the possibility of a war
with Russia. went into great detail to explain
to him how absurd felt his argument was and
quite q bitter feeling developed between us
because of this difference Of opinion Events
since that time have caused me to completely
reverse my stand. L. A. q.
Evening star., 1947-05-14
New Light on an Old Problem

The Yale University men who raised
alcoholism to a major study are becoming
optimistic.
DR.. Howard w. Haggard, the eminent
physiologist who started Yales scientific
attack on the problem, reported at semi
mar here last week that 80 per cent of those
going through the full period Of treatment
at the Yale clinic are recovering.
Seldom D. Bacon, the Yale sociologist
who is chairman of the Connecticut Alco-
holic Commission, reported at the same
meeting that prevention of alcoholism is
already being achieved in many instances.
DR.. Bacon's thesis is that recovery from
alcoholism is so dramatic that it is bring
ing those in the first stages of problem
drinking into the Connecticut clinics or
Alcoholic Anonymous groups for help in
avoiding the humiliations and unpleasant
ness of the later stages
Illness may bring man close to death
in his home or hospital and friends may
not know of it. All acquaintances become
aware OF the alcoholics malady. There
fore his recovery is the more striking,
causes more talk, brings more people to
the agency that helped effect the change.
'The problem win be met" says DR.. Bacon,
mot in some remote Utopia but in our
society, in our time"
This Is of interest on the eve OF the
Senate hearings ON the Hebert bill to
establish alcoholic clinics in the District.
A subcommittee under Senator Cooper,
Republican. of Kentucky will begin hear
ing testimony at 10 am. tomorrow in the
Senate District Committee room.
Senator Cooper. newcomer in the Upper
Chamber, has shown conscientious In
terest in the Districts welfare. 1t Is hoped
Evening star., 1947-05-14

near the District along the banks Of the
Potomac.
The beach stretches along the Potomac for
quite distance, most Of the sand having been
dredged up from the river. wide and elegant
boardwalk separates the beach from the actual
Lido compound. The whole IS dominated BY
an imposing casino. with restaurants and coffee
shops, where one can have ones meals either
indoors or out on the terraces overlooking the
river. There is dancing IN the main restaurant.
On the lower floor Of the casino building there
is a concourse with shops, beverage bars and
an immense indoor swimming pool, haven for
rainy days. The outdoor swimming pools are
located on either side OF the casino with special
pools built for the children. Facing the beach
there are rows OF cabanas which can be rented
by the day. the week. the month or the season.
At the back of the building compound are the
tennis courts and facilities for all kinds OF
sport. At the river front there is q dock for
small pleasure craft. Parking facilities are sup
piled by two multistoried garages built on the
ramp principle.
dream? No. vision? Perhaps At any
rate vision that easily could be turned into
reality. What about it?
JOHN ROBERT MELVILLE.
Evening star., 1947-05-14
A Safety Opportunity

1t would be extremely unfortunate If the
public spirited offer Of the Inter- Industry
Committee to provide District senior high
schools with dual-control instruction auto
mobiles should fail of acceptance for lack
of funds or personnel. The committee,
representing the automobile, rubber and
petroleum industries, has joined with the
American Automobile Association in agree
ing to provide the cars If the schools can
find way of utilizing them.
Perhaps Traffic Director George Keneipp
who Is the most active sponsor OF the
high school driver instruction program in
Washington, can cooperate with school
authorities in working out solution Of
the problem. Budgetary considerations
have limited the Districts participation in
the growing national movement to the
institution of courses at the two vocational
high schools With the availability of
special cars for all senior high schools at
no cost to the District, however, the ex-
pense item has been reduced to one prin-
cipally of salaries for instructors.
There can be no doubt as to the value
of such an investment, on the basis OF
duGIlOTltdtlVe llllulISS Ol GTd1llC-Sdlcty
experts. The statistics show, for example
that more drivers between the ages of
sixteen and twenty are involved in fatal
traffic accidents, on the average, than
drivers in any other age group. A survey
in Chicago recently disclosed that youths
who had been given driver training had so
per cent fewer accidents than a similar
group without special instruction. Nearly
5000 of the Nations approximately $4,000
senior high schools have established auto
mobile instruction courses. Virginia is the
latest of the States to launch safe-driving
courses on Statewide basis.
Until the opening of the vocational high
school courses several months ago Wash
ington had Jagged far behind many of the
large cities in this phase of the traffic
safety program. But Washington should
be leader in such matters. It has fine
opportunity to become leader by taking
advantage of the generous offer of the
AAA and the Inter-Industry Committee.
Evening star., 1947-05-14
Netherlands Not Guilty

To the Editor Of The Star:
Some time ago an article appeared in The
Star about Dutch Elm Disease" by Rudolph
Kaufman II. It certainly was very in
teresting article and 1t referred to problem
which is indeed quite serious. Unfortunately
1t had a tendency to put an undeserved blame
on the Netherlands.
I consulted one OF our entomologists who
happened to be in this country and he supplied
me with statement concerning this plant
disease which follows:
NOT DUTCH ELM BUT EUROPEAN ELM
DISEASE.
That somebody can get bad name by his
merits looks queer, but it sometimes happens.
So it is with the disease called quite wrongly
Dutch elm disease.
The Dutch, and that means the Netherlands.
are not at all responsible for this disease that
carries the name of being Of special Dutch
origin. It was named so only for the reason
that it had been discovered and described In
1918 by Dutch scientist, Miss Dina spieren-
burg of Wageningen and for this reason was
named quite wrongly by German scientist
Dutch elm disease. Later 1t appeared that she
was not the first who found it, but that a
French scientist had already prepared de-
scription of 1t in the same year as Miss Spieren-
burg from an interception in the north of
France.
For this reason 1t has been named the
European elm disease by another scientist, F. A.
Bartlett in 1928, and that ought to be the
name by which it is denoted.
1t has been found in several other countries
besides Holland, such as Portugal, Czecho-
slovakia, Hungary, Yugoslavia, italy and others
Some time ago an American mycologist stated
that there was no reason whatsoever to lay the
fault" with the Dutch. He even thought that
the origin very likely was Eastern Asia (Siberia)
and that 1t had spread from there to Europe
as it is known that the Siberian elm Is immune
to the disease.
The only fault" also that can be found with
the Dutch Is that they first described and
studied this disease Of elms thoroughly and
also stated the connection with the bark beetles.
1t is very unfortunate that scientific discovery
Of pest by national Of country should
cause that country to be blamed as the source
of that pest. It would be far more appropriate
to use the name European elm disease.
II such name were used writers would prob
ably not Jump to the conclusion that America
received this pest from Holland. The facts are
different; the burl elm logs which most probably
carried the beetles and the spores did not come
from Holland. L. A. H. PETERS,
Agricultural Counselor, Netherlands Embassy.
Evening star., 1947-05-14
A New Deal in Welfare

line commissioners nearing Oh MOIlQdy
produced almost unanimous agreement
among all witnesses on one point: Either
the Commissioners or a reorganized and
autonomous" Board of Public Welfare
must assume responsibility for public-wel-
fare administration in Washington. Con-
tinuation of the existing division of respon-
sibility is indefensible, for its failure has
been demonstrated.
AS between such alternatives, The Star
believes the Commissioners should revive
their bill (which in the past has been
opposed by The Starr and transfer to
themselves the responsibility and authority
they need to bring about new deal in
public welfare administration.
Some persuasive arguments have Eeen
made in favor of stronger, more inde-
pendent Board of Public Welfare. But the
degree of autonomy sought for this board
would still be insufficient to overcome
weaknesses revealed in the existing system.
It would not end, for example, the divided
authority over budgeting and spending,
source of continued pickering and buck
passing If the Commissioners and the
present board cannot get along together
and they seem incapable of working in
double harness-it is too much to believe
that the Commissioners and more inde-
pendent board would find 1t any easier to
live in peace.
The theory Of the law which established
the Board Of Public Welfare twenty-one
years ago was good. 1t sought to lodge
responsibility in public work with a
board Of representative volunteer citizens.
removing welfare and correctional agencies
from political pressures and political con-
siderations in the selection of personnel,
and leaving the formation of policy to
citizens. In Washington, where there is
no citizen representation in government
the delegation Of such responsibility to
voluntary boards of citizens was considered
healthy policy. In theory it should be,
and The Star has argued in support of the
theory. Other boards of citizens have been
successful in applying it in practice and
In fulfilling their responsibilities to the
public. But the Board of Public Welfare
has not. Whether or not the board is
retained with advisory functions, change
should be made now, the quicker the
better, which fixes responsibility on the
Commissioners, gives them undivided ad-
ministrative authority and makes them
accountable to the public.
In his excellent statement to the Com
missioners the able, retiring vice chairman
Of the board, Harding Paul, predicted that
II Board of Public Welfare institutions
were transferred to the Commissioners
the costs would Immediately increase. He
based his prediction on what happened
after the board lost control, first, of the
hospitals and, later, the jail and work
house. He may be correct. One of the
difficulties under Board of Public Welfare
control has been the ineffectiveness of the
boards efforts to obtain appropriations
adequate for proper maintenance and
needed new construction. If the Com
missioners are able to spend what is re-
quired for decent, efficient public-welfare
administration in Washington, taxpayers
will not resent the increased cost.
Evening star., 1947-05-14
Communists VS.. Citizens

Press dispatches quote Henry Wallace as
denouncing President Truman's loyalty
program for Federal employees as "a $25,-
0o0, 600 witch hunt" and as eontending that
Communists should be treated like human
beings rather than people who should be
put In jail"
Ignoring the intemperateness and un-
fairness of Mr.. Wallaces jibe at the Presi-
dents reasonable efforts to protect the
security of the Government, 1t may be
wondered II Mr. Wallace is aware of what
happened in Canada before governmental
authorities there became convinced that
Evening star., 1947-05-14

New Hampshire avenues ct does not take any
longer to allow passengers to alight than it
does to take on passengers, which is allowed at
this point9
Pick up passengers at Farragut street and
New Hampshire avenue There are many
apartments In this vicinity and the bus used
to pick up passengers there. which Is much
more convenient than the way it is done now.
After all the passenger should be considered,
too. BESSIE I. KOEtiL.
Evening star., 1947-05-14
Procrusteun Solution

Justice Frankfurter has contributed the
most colorful analysis of the Supreme
Courts elaborate and significant decision
In the railroad freight rate case.
The court upheld an Interstate Com
merce Commission order designed to
equalize class rates as between the North
east on the one hand and the South and
the West on the other. But, protests
Justice Frankfurter, "the Procrustean bed
is not symbol OF equality"
Legend tells us that Procrustes was a
highwayman of Attica who designed an
iron bed for the accommodation Of his
and, If their legs were too long, they were
cut of to achieve fit. Conversely, ii the
legs were too short, they were stretched to
the desired length.
This is about what the court and the
ICC have done In the class rate case.
Needless to say, the details OF this matter
are technical and complex to the nth
degree, but in it's broad outlines the issue
is a relatively simple one.
For years the residents Of the South
and, more recently, the West, have COM
planned that they were Disseminated
against in prevailing rates for hauling
freight. And, as to the class rates involved
in this case, it is fact that shippers in
the relatively sparsely settled South and
West were charged more than was the
case with shippers in what is technically
described as Official Territory-an of the
region east of the Mississippi and north
of the Ohio and Potomac Rivers. But it
is also fact that in this latter area, loosely
designated as the Northeast, there Is con-
centrated roughly half Of the countrys
population and, in dollar value, nearly
three-fourths of the country's business.
This means of course, that the unit cost
of operation to the Northeastern railroads
is lower than in other areas.
On the basis of some rather dubious cal
culations, however, especially as to the
West, the commission concluded that class
rates in the South and West could be
reduced 10 per cent and ordered that this
be done. But this still left some "dis
elimination" and in order. to achieve a
nice, neat fit the ICC decreed an increase
of 10 per cent in class rates in the
This provoked judicial explosion of a
sort from Justice Jackson, who joined with
Justice Frankfurter in dissenting. For
the remarkable circumstance is that the
Northeastern railroads had not asked for
this increase, and were adequately COM
pensated for their services under the
rate.
Thus, in effect, the ICC, with the con-
currence of majority of the Supreme
Court, has levied tribute on the people
in one section of the country for the
assumed benefit of people in other sections.
Perhaps, as social matter, it is desirable
to make the residents of the Northeast
pay an estimated $15000,000 a year more
in shipping bills in the hope that this
somehow will operate to the economic
advantage of the industrially backward"
South and West. But there does not exist
a semblance of specific legislative authori-
zation for the adoption of such policy.
Hence, to the extent that the ruling gives
ground for concern, the apprehension has
to do, not so much with the amount of
money involved as with the potentially
far reaching precedent which seems to
have been established.
Evening star., 1947-05-14
No Profit in Bread Sales

To the Editor Of The Star:
got big kick out Of a recent letter to The
Star, signed Consumer"
This consumer" quotes 'unscrupulous mer-
chants" and says: "Take notice of the price OF
bread" But why pick on one item of food?
From the "unscrupulous merchants" view
point: Bread Is an almost strictly non-profit,
or very small margin profit item. The "un-
scrupulous merchant" handles bread as an
accommodation item. Many storekeepers ham
die bread at absolutely no profit at all
How does Mr.. Consumer think the "un-
scrupulous merchant" feels when customer
walks into his small store with an overloaded
bag of food items reaches for loaf Of bread,
squeezes 1t to ascertain whether 1t Is fresh
and breaks the package? Where Is the profit?
Why don't people find out the truth about
these heartless profiteers they speak of-and
give them chance? EXPERIENCED.
Evening star., 1947-05-14
In the Great Smokes

A score OF generations hence
Bold hands mag ercdUute this plnce.
Find portions OF tau carUen posts
That sentinel an emerald glade
Men ,,otD caH Arrowhead. Persistinc.
Their searching eyes may ind a trace
OF the inscription and mag read.
NdntahGI1 1uonder Diu
Thev sense its liquid loneliness
or find the meaning of @Noondau Suno
III doubt they kno1o the Cherokee.
They tDiH shake puzzled heads ana sau.
What strange gods they must hare nor.
shipped
In that long-gons dayi"
q EDITH rATUM
Evening star., 1947-05-14
"Playactins" and Real Voting

"Playacting" and Real Voting
To the Editor Of The Star:
quite agree with Mrs. M. s. on daylight
saving.
In The Star OF May you wrote upon I'VE
Decide Something" saying: "And that IS
something, even If 1t was only playacting at
home rule" Playacting is what 1t was and
nothing else. You refer to Baltimoreans who
decided several things on Tuesday by going to
the polls and casting ballots. Why couldn't
the citizens Of Washington have had chance
to try the same thing at least once? If real
majority could have done so I'm quite sure the
vote would have been mo- with no mistake
about it. H. F. KEYSER.