davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-06-06
Moscow and Europe

In ratifying the peace treaties with
Italy, Romania, Bulgaria and Hungary, the
Senate has acted in keeping<with the hard
realities of the world. 1t has ratified them
with a full realization of their serious
shortcomings. 1t has done so because the
peoples involved probably would have been
hurt, rather than helped, by any other
course. 1t has simply made the best of
bad situation, unenthusiastically, against
a background of dismal events, in the hope
the slim hope-that the European atrnos-
phere may begin to change for the better
with these four settlements in force.
It is bitter thing, however, that on the
very day of ratification Italy, Romania,
Bulgaria and Hungary could not be con-
sidered countries where the treaties could
have much meaning. Far from it. The
Italians, with their shaky new regime,
could see only more crises ahead The
RomanianS and the Bulgarians could re-
gard themselves merely as Soviet puppets.
AS for the Hungarians, they could only
wonder what would come next. Thus,
even as the Senate was acting upon the
peace settlement with them, President
Truman found their situation SO grave, and
so meaningful for the rest of Europe, that
he minced no words. The Moscow inspired
Communist coup in Budapest, he said, was
such an outrage, such mockery of the
will OF the majority and such violation of
international agreements that the United
States did not intend to stand idly by
Until the President reveals what meas
10 in mi1 hn IN
speculate over just what the United States
can do as regards Hungary. But it is
doubtful that the action-within the
United Nations or outside-ought to be
limited only to that one country. The
problem is far broader than that. 1t en-
compaSses virtually the whole of Europe,
wherever the Soviet Union is engaged in
direct or indirect political aggression. It
involves the question whether decent
peace can be made with any country. 1t
calls for kind of showdown on Russian
policy. 1t calls for some clear definition
from Moscow of its aims. 1t calls for evi-
dence-for deeds, not words indicating
that the Stain government, instead of
being deliberately obstructioniSt in order
to spread chaos and communism, is ready
to promote recovery and political stability
in European lands.
Speaking at Harvard few hours after
the Presidents denunciation of the Com
munists in Hungary, Secretary Marshall
declared that the economic comeback of
Europe could not be achieved piecemeal,
but only on continent-wide basis. The
same seems equally true of establishing
peace there. Unless and until Russia sin
cerely co-operates, treaties like those just
ratified are not likely to fill Europeans, or
anybody else, with much hope for a better
world. The Hungarian crisis is merely one
part of larger, overall situation certain
to go from bad to worse if Moscow holds
fast to its present course.
Evening star., 1947-06-06
The Effort TO DecontroI Rents

In fixing February 2S as the expiration
for national rent control-and for the
Districts separate rent control laW-Con-
gress is mindful of the continued uncer-
tainty in large-scale resumption of build
ing New construction of living units Is
the only sure preventive of severe hardship
that would follow any premature ending
of controls during housing shortage. If
the housing situation has not improved
when Congress reassembles in January, it
may be necessary to extend controls for
another period.
In the meantime it will be interesting
to watch the experiment of voluntary"
Is per cent rent increases permissible under
the bill now in conference between House
and Senate. For the Nation, such in
creases are authorized when landlords and
tenants agree, quid pro quo concession
by the landlord being extension of the
lease at the higher figure. A tenant re-
fusing to agree faces the prospect of evic-
ton or an even higher increase after
controls lapse. While rent control has
broken down the normal processes of bar
gaining between landlords and tenants, the
compromise offers ItdSoldpie HetHoo
for its resumption.
The Is per cent increase does not apply
in the District. But in the course of rent
control under our separate law here some
10000 individual cases between landlords
and tenants have been adjusted in an
effort to prevent undue hardship on either
side Such adjustments will continue dur
ing the life of the act. The local law
specifically allows for compensating
rental increase if taxes are raised. IA
per cent tax increase on rental properties
Is contemplated in pending tax legislation
and, If 1t lis approved, the same increase
in rentals might follow. This, IN The
Stars opinion, is one other reason for
avoidance of a further increase in realty
taxation here Real estate is bearing its
share. There are other sources which
should be called on first.
Evening star., 1947-06-06
A Mayor in Jail?

The League for Clean Municipal Gov
ernment, if there is such an organization,
will find the latest news from Boston
seems, may be in line for the dubious
distinction of being the first city to be
governed by Mayor whose Office is in Jail.
Mayor James M. Curley has been con-
victed of mail-fraud charge, and the
Supreme Court has refused to review his
case. This leaves Mr. Curley faced with
a jail sentence of from six to eighteen
months and he has limited that, if COM
nitted he intends to govern Boston from
his cell.
The Mayor could step down. of course
and let the president of Boston's City
Council take over as acting Mayor. But
there is hitch to this, for the Council
head-one John B. Kelly-happens to be
under indictment on charges of soliciting
bribes and attempted larceny. Mr.. Kelly
is scheduled to go to trial tomorrow and
for all any one knows he, too, might wind
up in jail That would give Boston the
still more dubious distinction of having
both Mayor and an acting Mayor behind
the bars, and perhaps Mr.. Curley is deter
mined to save Boston from such a fate
There may be a question, of course, as
to whether the Boston voters care very
much, one way or the other. At any rate,
they elected Mr.. Curley to his fourth term
as Mayor in 1945-while he was under
indictment on the Federal mail-fraud
charge.
Evening star., 1947-06-06
Hospital Elevator

A ,0hif of anaesthetic-acrid, rank "a
Miasn,a from some marsh of Lethe stream;
Curt closing OF gate 1Dith nufIed cIank.
Dull rush OF air, like demons IN dream
Pursuing i then the latticed cell slides up
Silently to that region uagus Dhere tchite
Masked handmaids wast to fu the pnngent
cup
That pours through anguished sense the
peace OF night If
Brief spasm-drums that rattle, oicksr.
fade
In one red surge Of silence Eons
At length the gast abyss OF hideous shade
Closes-c1M naurk Is pierced by figures
Yet nothing reaI-tM from his ferry-door
White-coated charon naumbles, "Dotcn =.
What foor?"
HAROLD WILLARD GLEASON.
Evening star., 1947-06-06
Greenland Bases

The Danish government wants to term1-
nate the wartime base rights which we
have enjoyed in the Danish dependency OF
Greenland, while our Government wants
to extend those rights for high strategic
reasons. That is the diplomatic issue now
pending between the two nations
The intention of the Danish government
was first revealed by note delivered to
the State Department on May II by It's
Ambassador at Washington, Henrik de
Kaufman. The note refers to diplomatic
conversations held during sthe past year
Concerning the Danish governments wish
for the termination of the agreement of
April 8, 1941, relating to the defense OF
Greenland" and asks that consultations to
that end be initiated at the earliest pos
sible date" as provided for in the agree
ment itself. Two days later Premier Kris
tensen confirmed this before the lower
chamber of the Danish Parliament.
The American attitude was set forth
simultaneously by Secretary of State Mar
shall. Announcing our readiness to nego-
tiate with the Danes, the Secretary stated
emphatically that in the forthcoming con-
ference the United States intends to seek
an arrangement which would protect
Legitimate United States and hemisphere
defense requirements" He added that
Greenland remains of the greatest i'm
portance as a link in the defensive system
of the United States and of the Western
Hemisphere"
The 1941 agreement was made under
peculiar circumstances. NaZi Germany
had just overrun Denmark, and its govern
ment was no longer free agent. We were
still technically neutral, but were already
taking energetic measures to protect the
New World against Axis aggression. The
same Henrik de Kaufman, then as now
Denmark's representative in Washington
made the agreement on his own initiative.
We thereby acquired rights to construct
airfields, develop naval bases and main
tain weather stations. Undertaking to
preserve Danish sovereignty, we subse-
quently destroyed stations which the Ger
mans had secretly set up in Greenland
The agreement proved of great value, espe
cially in combating the German U-boat
menace to the North Atlantic sea lanes.
The 1941 agreement was unanimously
FdtlIIeO py Iile DdIllSl fdTlldI1enL IOlIOW-
ing the liberation of Denmark from the
Nazis in the spring of 1945, and we have
continued to exercise our rights there
under. However, during the past year in
creasing pressure has been put upon the
Danish government for its abrogation The
chief public objectors have been the Danish
Communists, who have insistently de-
manded the establishment of Denmark s
full sovereignty" over Greenland. But
there is reason to believe that these local
Communist demands have been inspired by
Moscow as part of its general policy of
opposition to American military plans the
world over.
There is striking parallel between the
present action of the Danish government
regarding Greenland and that of the Ice
landic government last year, when, under
local Communist pressure, it insisted upon,
and obtained, the abrogation of similar
base rights We had enjoyed there during
the war. In both cases the legal position
Of those gdernments is clear, and If Den
Evening star., 1947-06-06

-ocuTtOcE FHOL0.
sity with men Of highest intellectual prepara-
ton and ability for teaching and research" Dr.
johnson said. ut is not our purpose to carry
a permanent staff which does not meet these
qualifications"
In effect now is system whereby after five
years teachers tenure is terminated auto
matically
His record and capabilities are then weighed
in deciding if he should continue on the staff.
DR.. johnson mentioned the recent case of
high union official who was to be discharged
for inefnciency. The union committee re-
ported that the charges were correct and that
dismissal would be just The other case con-
cerned demotion. Hallway through hear
ing, the union committee advised the JOB
holder to take the demotion.
AS for the attitude of the teachers them
selves, DR.. Holmes, the unit chairman, said:
Teachers are beginning to see they are work
ers and the high cost of living affects them.
Individual bargaining is old fashioned"
Union Idea Has Not Spread.
However, most educational research organiza-
tions believe the unions will have hard time
organizing college faculties
Ralph Himstead, of the American Association
of University Professors, said he doubted If the
unions had moce than several thousand MEM
bers in colleges.
Many professors are interested in the labor
movement but opposed to a college professor
afiliating with the movement" he said. They
feel teachers should be free and not committed
to one side"
DR.. Francis J. Brown OF the American Coun-
Gil OF Education said studies made for the
Presidents Council on Higher Education "indi-
Gated clearly that the average faculty member
does not look with favor upon union organiza-
ton" of his profession.
The union representing the Howard teachers
came into existence in 1916 through a combina-
tion of the United Federal Workers of America
and the State, County and Municipal Workers
OF America. Often referred to as left-wing, 1t
adopted resolution at an Atlantic City con-
vention last spring attacking the aggressive
imperialism of the United States and Great
Britain" but refused to vote any criticism of
Russia. Later, before Senate Civil Service
Subcommittee, union officials denied that
UPWA was communistic or Communist DOM
mated.
The results of what has happened at How
ard will be watched with interest throughout
the country
Evening star., 1947-06-06


O. Has any country declared q general
amnesty for its own military prisoners Of
World War I'm r.
A. Canada is one country that has done so.
On August Is, 1916 amnesty was granted for
approximately $4,000 absentees and deserters
from the armed forces and 1900 draft dodgers.
Under a new policy announced the same day
the government abandoned its efforts to appre-
hend absentees, deserters and draft dodgers,
but classified them as nonveterans and stripped
them of all veterans benefits The United
States Army has not declared any general
amnesty, but many prisoners are being released
as the result of clemency board reviews and
completion of sentences.
@. Can snake swim?-L. @.
A. All snakes can swim, and they may be
seen swimming singly or In pairs at certain
seasons of the year.
@. How old was Andrew Johnson when his
wife taught him to write?-E Van L.
A. Andrew johnson was taught to write BY
his wife when he was 10 years of age.
Q. What causes alternating animal to
awaken at the proper time of the year,
o. L. N
A. Scientists have found it hard to determine
what actually causes a alternating animal to
awaken. However, the true hibernator usually
wakes when the surrounding temperature rises
TO aDOuL oU degrees. Inc animal begins to
tremble violently to warm his body and bring
1t to normal temperature
@. What was the total number Of infantile
paralysis cases in the United States last year?
u. G. M.
A. The total was given as 25,191 in a report
to the American College of Physicians. The
number of cases represented the highest total
since 1916.
g. Were airplanes manufactured underground
by the Germans during World War II?-A. G. H.
A. large amount of airplane construction
was done underground, including aircraft en-
gine production and the making of nearly all
the V-weapons. BY the end of the war there
were 153 underground factories In production.
@. Where did the banjo come from?-B. r,
A. The Negroes are believed to have brought
the banjo to the United States from Sene-
gambia, Western Africa. In all probability it
is not an aboriginal African instrument, but q
modification of the Arabian or European guitar.
Evening star., 1947-06-06

mark stands on the letter of It's rights, we.
may feel compelled to accede. But we shall
do so most reluctantly. Our high command
regards the Arctic in general as Of vital
strategic Importance to us, with Greenland
as major link in the chain of hemisphere
defense. The issue at stake is thus a grave
one
Evening star., 1947-06-06
Letters to The Star

Letters for publication must bear the
signature and address of the ,oriter,
although it is permissible for ,uriter
kno1Dn to The Star to use a nom de
plume. Please be brief.
Evening star., 1947-06-06
SSNFs
Lawrence and Bevin

To the EDITOR OF The star
reply recently to Mr.. Bevin's vigorously
assailing the policy of the United States in in
sisting on full reports Of the Foreign Ministers
debates for the press" at the Moscow Confer
encey without these competent explanations,
the public might be sadly misinfofmed
STAR READER.
Evening star., 1947-06-06
Advocates Improved Parking

Advocates Improved Parking
To the Editor of The Star:
The inadequacy of street parking in Wash
ington progressively is growing worse with the
resumption of full scale automobile production.
More parking facilities are required. But until
the city provides these facilities, each driver
should inquire into his parking technique to
determine whether every foot of space is ac-
counted for. Much legal parking is squandered
by thoughtless parking.
Observation will disclose that every city
block in and near the cengested area could
accommodate from one to three more vehicles
without unduly close or illegal parking. Park
ing too close to corners, fireplugs streetear and
bus stops and other automobiles definitely
should not be encouraged, but most. drivers can
judge within five or ten feet the legal distance
from restricted points.
Those individuals who park ten or fifteen
feet farther than the law requires from stop
signs, fireplugs streetcar and bus stops, other
automobiles, ct cetera, are depriving other
drivers of parking space.
ROBERT L. BURCH
Evening star., 1947-06-06

William Tell and Sergt. York were
heroes, sure enough; but what about the
man who pays alimony to seven former
wives?
Evening star., 1947-06-06
Everything Clear Now!

To the Editor Of The Star
Before came to Washington never under
stood the significance of that term: Hill Billy"
But after hearing some Of the speeches up on
'aThe Hill. / get it. JOSEPH BRAGo.
Evening star., 1947-06-06

and of course this is a very high figure, 1t
would produce only $1560ooooo, or less than
one-tenth of the total income of District resi-
dents Yet those who have less than one-tenth
of current income are paying almost 500 of
the total cost of operating the general govern
ment of the District of Columbia With the
increased assessments and the proposed rate
of 50, these comparatively few people-only
ss 900 in number-wil be bearing more than
one-haf the cost of operating our government
Washington seems on the road-followed by
so many American cities-to eventual financial
disaster. That road is paved with excessive un-
sound, unfair and, incidentally unrealistic
taxes. RUFUS S. LUSK,
President, Washington Taxpayers Association
Evening star., 1947-06-06
Soaking the Property Holder


It is to be hoped that the Senate District
Committee will propose a more equitable tax
measure than that recently approved by
House subcommittee AS you suggested in
most cogent editorial. to increase the tax on
real property while refusing to touch the liquor
tax. is to display favoritism little short of
criminal.
The House group appears to have far greater
concern-at least hnancially-for liquor lovers
than for home lovers.
J. W. HAYWOOD. Jr.
To the Editor of The star:
The proposal of the House District Fiscal
Subcommittee to increase the real estate tax
rate from $175 to 50 in order to make up the
deficit facing the District government on July
is another case of soaking the property
holder. Real estate assessments for the coming
year have already been increased almost 1870.
Householders will have a 20qo rise in their tax
bill covering improvements. If the rate is in
creased from SITS to 81, it means that the
very same people who already are about to
pay 15%o more in real estate taxes must pay an
additional 14qo.
Congressman Bates. Republican, OF Massa-
chusetts, co-chairman of the Special Commit
tee on Tax Revision for the District has stated
that Washington pays less real estate taxes
than any comparable Eastern city. This is true
and, because our real estate taxes have not
been as high as other cities, the District gov
ernment has always been sound financially.
This is something that cannot be said for
Philadelphia, which recently had to mortgage
the gas works in order to meet the payroll
or Boston, where the real estate tax is so high
that almost all building in the city itself has
ceased for a decade or more. Incidentally in
that city. until very recently the average sale
price OF property was 15qo to 2oee below the
assessment, whereas in outlying towns, where
real estate taxes are less, property was selling
for 10es to 20so more than the assessed values.
At the present time real estate taxpayers
are paying almost 500 of all the money raised
for the general fund A further increase in
taxes presages disaster. What has happened to
other towns might happen to Washington:
suburbs, collapse in property values reduced
revenues, and eventually financial catastrophe
for the city. Building already is declining in
Washington, and mounting in nearby Maryland
and Virginia.
There was time when real estate was the
principal source OF income of community
That ended many, many years ago. According
to an estimate made by the Department of
Commerce. the income OF District residents for
1945 was s1,617 900 900. Today it is undoubtedly
higher The assessed value of real estate subs
ject to taxation is approximately 81 $4,000 900.
II aH this property earned ios OF It's sa1ue,
Evening star., 1947-06-06

A reader can obtain the answer to any question
Of fact by writing The Evening Star Information
Please inclcse three (3) cents for return postage
Evening star., 1947-06-06
Questions and Answers

tReleased by the Bell Syndicate, Inc,
Evening star., 1947-10-05
Stars Color Movie Shows Drama
OfProducinqMetropoIito Daily

by line, the placing of complete
stories in a page-size form, the
making of a page impression in
a fiber mat and the molding of a
semi-cylindrical cast from this mat
for attachment to the press.
The story is completed by
camera 's-eye tour of the circulation
department, which includes not only
bundling, mailing and truck-loading
crews at The Star but also the many
carrier boys who assure regular
home delivery in the Metropolitan
Area and the truckmen who fill the
metal paper boxes of rural sub
scribers.
In addition to the editors seen
at their work, the film shows c. K.
Bergman, longtime cartoonist of
The Star, at the drawing board.
The film was previewed by exec
utives of The Star last week and
then released for showings at Or
ganizations requesting it. without
cost.
Organizations desiring to. make
bookings must be prepared To furrl-
ish their own 16-millimeter sound
film protector and operator. Ar
rangements for use of the film can
be made by telephone. Tho$e inter.
ested should cali The Stay at Ma.
tional 5000 and ask for " promo
ton department.
Evening star., 1947-10-05
Home Accidents
| Include 4Hurt in
Wash Wrinqers

Four persons were injured when
their arms were caught in the
wringers of washing machines, the
Red Cross Accident Prevention Serv-
ice reported yesterday in it's sum-
mary of 106 home accidents here
last week.
Two deaths, one of an infant, who
smothered and the other of a 49,
year-old man who died after fall
in his yard, brought the total of
home accident fatalities for the year
to 153.
The breakdown of accidents listed
40 falls, IA burns. two accidental
poisoning, nine foreign bodies In
throat and stomach, 10 cuts, three
bruises and 10 injuries from miscel-
laneous causes.
-Four children who swallowed pins
required hospital treatment. A lawn
mower amputated the f1ngertip of a
2-year-old boy.
One mans trousers caught fire
from cigarette and a woman suf-
fered burns when the bedclothes
caught fire because of her husbands
smoking
The total of home accidents re-
ported this year is 3,743 compared
to 4,042 on the same date last year,
the Red Cross said.
Evening star., 1947-10-05
Howard Bruce Heads
New Highway Council
By the Assoeiofed Press

ANNAPOLIS, Oct. 4.-Declaring
he wanted "the best advice and
assistance that Is obtainable" to
help him discharge the enormous
responsibility" of rehabilitatihg
Maryland's highways, Gov. Lane
today named a seven-man advisory
committee.
Headed by Howard Bruce of Bal
timore the group will be known as
the State Highway Advisory Coun-
Gil.
Gov. Lane said he appointed tho
council because "the rehabilitation
and reconstruction of our highway
system, involving the expediture Of
over $16O,0oO,0 900, is an enormous
responsibility"
Mr.. Bruce, a Baltimore banker
and engineer, who was director Of
materiel for the War Department In
the last war, said he would call a
meeting of the committee "imme-
diately." He is a former member
of the State Roads Commission.
Other committee members are:
Herman l.. Gruehn, Chester F.
Huckley and j. Truman Thompson
of Baltimore, T. Howard Duckett Of
Hyattsville, president of the Mary
land Bankers Association and for
mer president Of the Maryland Bar
Association; J. McKenny Willis, jr.,
of Easton, and j. Vincent Jamison,
ir,. of HagerStoWn.