davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-06-14
Social Survey Reports
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
The Social Order Committee of the Friends
Meeting of Washington were disturbed by your
editorial of May 81, relative to the Social
Survey and have asked me to write to you to
explain why we have come to quite different
conclusions
We earnestly believe that in the long run it
is necessary to treat the causes rather than
merely the symptoms of social distress. The
symptoms are the current needs contained in
the yearly requirements of the agencies partici-
pating in the Community Chest but the causes
run into the social conditions described for the
most part in very objective and satisfactory
fashion in the body of these reports. We have
studied these reports and have concluded that
they provide very helpful source of informa-
ton on the sore spots in the city of Wash
ngton.
Although We have not completely shared the
conclusions which the various committees
reached, we believe that generally these con-
clusons have served very useful function in
pointing up many of our social issues and the
social cost of many of our present approaches.
In short we believe that the Social Survey has
performed a distinctly desirable function in a
creditable manner, and that the funds OF the
Community Chest spent on this project should
cause no misgiving on the part of any donor.
ROBERT G. GRONEWALD,
Corresponding Secretary, Social Order Com
mittee.
Evening star., 1947-06-14

ers by the employers, but we have no laws to
prevent the selfish exploitation of one group by
others For that reason we need a permanent
system to be set up to deal out justice to all
groups without fear or favor This is democracy
Strikes which affect the lives and health of
the people should be treated as crimes The
present chaotic system (which is no system at
all but only the rule of the jungle) only makes
for injustice and tyranny. We fought revolu-
ton against tyranny from without. We must
now fight another revolution from within. The
forces of organized tyranny are strongly en-
trenched, and the fight against entrenched
greed will be hard This fight must be based on
the Golden Rule, on the rule of live and let
live But the fight can be won if the President
and Congress recognize their obligation to all
the people and have the moral courage to take
their stand for justice to all and special privi-
iege to none. S. r. BAUER.
Vienna, Va.
Evening star., 1947-06-14
For Peace and Prosperity

The generalized thesis OF Secretary
Marshall's recent Harvard address on
foreign aid is now being translated into
more specific terms According to BenJa-
min v. Cohen, State Department coun-
selor. Europe's "rudimentary rehabilitation
needs" may call for American economic
support adding up to "as much as fVe or
six billion dollars year for another three
or four years" This projects a program
of staggering dimensions, but they are no
more staggering than the dimensions OF
the problem itself.
Primarily the problem stems from the
fact that the wreckage and dislocatlons OF
the war have deprived most nations abroad
of the ability to recover without large
scale help from U.S. We are exporting to
them at the rate of about $4,000, 600 900
more a year than We are importing from
them. This means that they are not
selling enough to us to pay for all the
American raw materials and equipment
they must have to rebuild their productive
plant. And until they can rebuild that
plant they will remain incapable Of sup
porting themselves at decent level.
The situation thus involves vicious
circle with events moving toward crisis
because the countries involved are fast
running out of the dollars and other
wherewithal to keep on buying from us.
The piecemeal loans we have made-to
Britain, France, etc-have served merely
as palliatives, and unless extraordinary
measures are taken in the meantime
Europes economic plight will be acutely
grave within a matter of months. In short,
putting it plainly, unless something like
a peacetime version of lend-lease is
adopted, the chances are that there will
be no way of financing our exports to
foreign markets desperately in need of
them-a state of affairs that would be
deadly for Europeans and for American
industry alike.
It is a situation, as Secretary Marshall
has Just re-emphasized, that demands,
first of all, that the governments OF Europe
take the initiative In formulating an over
Evening star., 1947-06-14
DisquuIifyinq Judges

The law controlling the disqualification
of Federal judges has been regarded as
we'll settled.
Since the Supreme Courts ruling in the
case of Judge Kenesaw Mountain Lands.
who had refused to disqualify himself
after his impartiality had been challenged,
1t has been considered mandatory for
Judge to step aside in any case in which
a technically proper affidavit of prejudice
has been filed against him. 1t makes no
difference whether the complaint against
the Judge is we'll founded or not. On the
theory-probably a strained theory-tnat
the courts should be removed from any
shadow of suspicion, a judge must bow to
any affidavit of prejudice which meets the
requirements of the statute governing
disqualification.
It follows from this that there Is need
for Qualification of the decision OF the
Court of Appeals disqualifying Judge Alex
ander Holtzoff to sit in the Barsky trial
after Judge Holtzoff had refused to dis
qualify himself.
Judge Holtzoff had held that the AFFIDAVIT
of prejudice filed against him was not
technically in proper form. The appellate
court brushed this aside, however, and
ordered him disqualified. But in doing so
Chief Justice Groner, in announcing the
oral decision, seemed to contradict himself.
First he enunciated the traditional rule.
Then he was understood to say that II
Judge Holtzoff had contested the facts as
set out in the affidavit instead of standing
on the alleged technical deficiency OF the
complaint, his own decision on the issue
of disqualification would have been
different
Thus, the appellate ruling seems on the
one hand to follow the established rule,
while on the other it seems to contradict
it. The matter is important enough for
the Court of Appeals to clear up this
ambiguity in a written opinion.
Evening star., 1947-06-14
Stretching Its Authority

1t is hard to see how the Interstate Com
merce Commission can justify It's eHorS
to compel the Capital Transit Company to
favor Pentagon and certain other Federal
employees with special reduced bus fares.
When the Capital Transit buses were
operating across the Potomac River, under
a wartime arrangement, there was no
question, of course, as to 1CC jurisdiction
over the service That was plainly Inter
state commerce" within the language and
meaning of the ICC statutes But, with
Capital Transit buses no longer crossing
the boundary, interstate commerce ceased.
The District Public Utilities Commission
certainly is within it's rights in contending
that transportation of passengers by Cap
ital Transit within the District is subject
to the jurisdiction of this commission, ire
spective of whether or not such passengers
may have origins or destinations from or
to points outside the District by way of
other lines"
If Capital Transit passengers whose
ultimate destination (by means OF bus
change) happens to be the Pentagon, the
Navy Annex or the National Airport are to
pay slightly less than six cents for ride
inside the District which costs others ten
cents on a cash basis or six and half cents
on a weekly pass basis, then all Capital
Transit passengers who change to out-of-
town lines could claim similar benefits To
restrict the privilege to Pentagon employees
is discriminatory on its face. And If the
ICC can exercise jurisdiction over one
group of passengers, it can take jurisdic-
ton over all Capital Transit passengers
who change to Maryland and Virginia
buses. The ICC surely does not contend
that it's authority extends that far. 1t re-
mains to be shown that the Federal agency
has any legal authority to claim special
privileges inside the District for the Penta-
gon, Navy Annex and Army Air Forces en-
Moves
Evening star., 1947-06-14
House Cleaning Indicated

Those were serious and disturbing
charges which Major General Paul r.
Hawley, a medical director Of the Vet
erans' Administration, made against
selfish minority" of the medical profess
sion at the recent convention of State
Medical Association Presidents in Atlantic
City. Coming from such respected men,
Der of the profession, the charges of un-
scrupulous fee-hiking and worse at the
expense of the veterans program cannot
be taken lightly.
According to General Hawley, physicians
in few localities have used the Veterans
Administration approved schedule of fees
for private treatment of veterans as "a tool
to force rise in fees that could not have
been accomplished otherwise" Moreover,
he declared, he has been hurt and dis
appointed" by tendency in some areas
to fix veterans fees higher than the pre-
vailing average for private patients. 1T
was evident to u.s." he said, that they
(the doctors) were out for all the traffic
would bear" Moreover he told his medical
colleagues, there are a few "rascals" in
organized medicine who would not be
averse to aiding In the filing of fraudulent
pension claims.
The vast majority OF physicians un-
doubtedly are above such greed and deceit,
as General Hawley asserts them to be. But
sprinkling of unethical members in any
profession can do great damage to the
good reputation of the whole membership.
The American Medical Association owes it
to its members, to the Veterans Admin
istration and to the general public to
investigate General Hawley's charges
thoroughly and to publish its findings
Some sort of a house cleaning would seem
to be in order
Evening star., 1947-06-14
Thanks From Children's Hospital

Thanks From Children's Hospital
To the Editor of The Star:
When the founders of Children's Hospital
provided IL beds in makeshift quarters, they
probably did not envision hospital which, in
1916, furnished 68 Coz hospital-days care, cared
for the needs of 56,210 visits to it's dispensary,
made 80,377 laboratory findings and 12347
roentgenograms, not to mention additional
thousands of services of the dental clinic, child
welfare. social service and psychological de-
partments, or 5,6s4 operations performed
However, the urge of those founders. who
personally furnished all required material and
money to meet the needs of 1870, is the same
pital last year to ask the public to give 81 ,300
600 with which to retire the very tired first
permanent hospital building.
The same faith in the work of the hospita!
and its appeal to the altruistic impulses in
us all is justified by the help so opportunely
offered by your own great institution, The
Evening and Sunday Star, and the Potomac
Electric Power Company.
Cooperation of two great service organiza-
tions in helping third local institution, dedi-
Gated to the service of those on whose shoulders
the future rests, Is indeed splendid example
in the world of today.
On behalf of the many thousands of children
in the years to come who will be grateful fo'
your efforts, Childrens Hospital thanks you.
WILSON B. MARIN,
President, the Childrens Hospital
Evening star., 1947-06-14

all plan for common recovery. Given that
plan, the next imperative Is American
support on scale that may have to be
as great as that suggested by Mr.. Cohen.
In keeping with President Truman's state
ment that the United States is anxious
for peace and friendship with eUery nation,
Secretary Marshall has made clear that
his call for European planning does not
exclude Russia or its satellites If they
are ready to cooperate sincerely and fully
in joint program to restore the continent
to economic health, then their participa-
ton will be most welcome
In the light of present events, of course
real Soviet cooperation seems remote.
But that ought not to stop the other powers
from acting together, and reports from
Britain and France indicate that it will not
stop them. If they could agree on an inte-
grated recovery plan for Western Europe
plan doing away with piecemeal, hit-or-
miss aid-the United States would be act
ing in its own self-interest, and in accord
with its responsibilities and its uniquely
powerful position, to invest billions of
dollars in it for period of three or four
years. The program might well be under
taken in active consultation with a
bipartisan advisory and co-ordinating
council Of the sort proposed by Senator
Vandenberg.
All this may sound extremely expensive.
It is. The realities being what they are,
however, how can we avoid something like
it without gravely wrenching our own
economy and washing our hands of con-
dition that might blast away whatever
hope remains for decent and enduring
world peace? If we do not furnish adequate
economic aid to friendly countries, will
they not fall easy victims to expanding
communism? Americas answers to these
questions will have fateful meaning for
the whole of mankind.
Evening star., 1947-06-14
Moscow and Outer Mongolia

It is not without reason that the Chang
Kai-shek government at Nanklng mas
moved to protest to Moscow over the Outer
Monaghan invasion" of the Chinese
province of Sinkiang Reports of the Incl
dent are so sketchy that its significance Is
far from clear but there is good cause TO
assume-as Nanking apparently assumes
that the Soviet Union Is at least partly
to blame for it.
Wholly aside from the charge that the
invasion" has had the support OF Tour
Russan-marked planes, Chinese protest
to Moscow can be justified on the ground
that Outer Mongolia, though technically
a sovereign state. is practically part OF
the U. S. S. R. The Chang government has
recognized its independence" in keeping
with the Sino-Soviet treaty of 1945 and
with a later "plebiscite" in which the
population voted almost unanimously TO
establish free" country now known as
"the Mongolian Peoples Republic" The
fact is, however, that this big and ex-
tremely remote region-mainly desert
has been pretty much in Russia'S pocket
for long time.
sovereignty over it, Outer Mongolia was
largely under Russian control even in the
days of the czars. In 1924, moreover, un-
doubtedly with the help of the Kremlin
revolutionists, it overthrew its theocratic
regime and proclaimed a government pat
termed after the Communist setup in the
Soviet Union. Since then, with its limited
economy more or less integrated with that
of bordering Siberia its army has been
under Russia's tutelage and its political
and other actions have faithfully followed
the Moscow party line. even as to the
timing of Its last-minute declaration of
war on Japan.
This close link with Russia-probably
foreshadowing eventual absorption by the
Soviet system-accounts in part at least
for the rejection last year of Outer Mon
golia's application for membership in the
United Nations. 1t accounts, too, for the
Evening star., 1947-06-14
immigration Defended

To the Editor of The Star:
What right has "A Natural Born American
to say who should be let in our gates? AS he
said: Our ancestors were immigrants and
therefore we should let more in. Does he forget
that the fact that foreigners are welcome here
has made us great? We are the only country
whose sons can fight side by side when their
adopted country calls, although their families
may not have been here for more than two
generations.
No doubt if this Natural American" had had
the say-so, never would be here because am
the offspring of four nationalities who never
would have been united in any country but our
own U. S. A.. which welcomes every nationality
and creed r. ADAMS.
Waldorf Md
Evening star., 1947-06-14
Meetins the Strike Threat

To the Editor Of The Star:
The country is now faced with the possibility
of a devastating coal strike. We have on pre-
vious occasions experienced the strangulatlng
effects of coal strike. AS the strike progresses
and the available supply of coal diminishes first
thousands and then millions are thrown out
of employment Steel production halts, electri-
cal power is curtailed and finally cut on rail-
Transportation grinds to a halt, in fact the
whole economy of the country is brought to a
virtual standstill-because one man and
group of workers he controls exercise arbl-
trarv power unchecked by any law.
What shall we do? Wait until the calamity
overtakes us, or take firm preventive action
now to protect the interests OF the people?
There may be no statutory law to prevent
coal strike but there certainly is moral law
which says Thou shalt not kill" To deprive
millions of people of the means OF livelihood
and the commodities and services essential to
life may not kill them instantly, but carried
out to its ultimate conclusion certainly means
starvation and death to millions. In that event
not only John L. Lewis and his miners will be
culpable but also our public servants from the
President of the United States down. Our
President and the Congress elected under
the Constitution to promote the common well
fare and to protect the interests of the people
constitutional duty. The President and the
Congress have it in their power to prevent not
only the threatened coal strike but every other
strike that jeopardizes the welfare OF the peo-
pie If the President and the Congress are wise
they will quit playing politics and take i'm
mediate steps to prevent disastrous coal
STRIKE or any other crippling strike, not only in
the immediate future but for all time 1t is
time our elected representatives cease being
timorous in the face of labor union threats and
pass the legislation necessary to promote the
common welfare" and not to cover before ar
rogant labor leaders If organized labor wants
justice there are avenues where justice can be
secured. But am willing to stake my life
that what organized labor wants is not justice
but special privilege.
What we sorely need is permanent indus
trial court. patterned after our Federal Judi
ciary, that would iron out the differences not
only between management and labor, but be-
tween all working groups. This would prevent
the exploitation by one group of all the rest
of the workers. Workers can be just as grasping
and selfish as some employers, We have laws
10 prevent the unjust exploitation Of the work
Evening star., 1947-06-14

Come on, Donald-come on haven't all day
to wait here" But Donald had to get across
the street and he was not going to be rushed
His feathers were a little seedy perhaps and
his southern exposure was somewhat thin but
he had his rights and the bus could wait as
far as he was concerned.
The passengers did not, know all about this
at first but as soon as Donald came out past
the front wheel it was agreed that the bus
driver knew his business as far as pedestrian
rights of all kinds were concerned. Both, DON
aid and the bus, gave 'honk" and they were
on their respective ways. P. O. MACQUEEN.
Evening star., 1947-06-14
What About Mr.. Wallace p
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
Yes, indeedi What about Mr.. Wallace?'
What about Mr.. Wallace's statement q few
days ago, to the effect that his politics are die
lated by no man, and if the Communist position
appears to be similar to his, that must be be-
cause the Communists are following him2 Can't
we just let Mr. Wallace take 1t away on that
basis? The Communists are following him. The
only consideration Of Importance to the rest of
us is that Mr. wallace, and the Communists.
are travelling together, on the same path in
the same direction If Mr.. Wallace insists on
being considered the leader, see no point in
denying him that distinction.
ANTI-RED FASCIST.
Evening star., 1947-06-14
How Not to Catch a Bear

To the E6itor Of The Star:
A real statesman plows right ahead with his
sights probably Is or 100 years in the future
politician ventures forward with his tail light
in front. He drives by playing a searchlight to
the rear, watching the tracks as they unroll
and offering to fix things that should have been
taken care OF IS years ago. But when you see
driver parking his bus on the railroad tracks
and trying to catch bear by putting salt on
his tail-that's Henry Wallace.
JOHN c. OTTEMAN.
Colorado Springs, Colo.
Evening star., 1947-06-14

Chang governments decision to carry It's
protest against the Sinkiang invasion
not only to the independent" Mongolian
regime but to Moscow as well
A Chang spokesman has suggested that
"this is no ordinary frontier incident :"
Conceivably it may represent Kremlin
move to deepen Markings difficulties at
time when Nanking has its hands full
coping with the Chinese Communists. The
Russian explanation, If any, will be awaited
with interest by the world at large.
Evening star., 1947-06-14
Peace and Dust

They occupied. all that they bled upon
In last hdping and a past rebtrth sc
OF faith for peace in councils OF the Stnsn.
But noU, they look out through dark
pores Of earth -
And fear they keep but fem feet OF stain
Beneath some ground they bloodied
needlessly.
Then see us hold the surface pastness
bound -. -
In the old tuays OF quarrels and lost trust,
While peace rules but ghost-couHctls
underground eerss,,
In the small Kingdoms OF dead soldierS
dust. DAVID r. BUNCHso
Evening star., 1947-06-14

ly seen at Beverly Beach is shocking enough
but it doesn't take the posting OF signs to
awaken one to the problem. would ask A. Will
hanson Ito follow through as they say In golf
whether he cooled his wrath in a District bar
or restaurant or decided to forget it all by TAX
ing in movie or play? Perhaps he simply
returned to his private home or apartment In
any one of these cases, he had to become
party to conspiracy against race whose
members date back in American ancestry much
farther than most Americans not OF Anglo
Saxon stock In none of the above listed places
would Negro be allowed to go unless they
catered to the colored-and these places are
owned by Gentle and Jew alike.
In consequence. should prefer to see the
signs, since that sort of think keeps the prob
lem disconcertingly under our nose and is far
better (usng the comparison relatively than
q conspiracy of silence or a "gentlemen's agree
ment.' In other words, casual attacks on the
problem do little good-the whole picture must
be kept in mind since it is at basis question
Of the innate dignity of man.
long ago gave up discussing the problem IN
Indignation or emotion and try simply to keep
it in mind with deep concern and help where
can expect no sudden solution-my benign
cynicism of human nature in its day-to-day
working prevents that However, I do believe
that the mountain eventually will be moved
if we each take away few stones at time.
We simply must be careful not to let the re-
moved stones pile up into another mountain.
PHILOSOPHER
Evening star., 1947-06-14

u IL Z ~ ! q n z -
went on and
the passengers
craned t h e i r
n e C ks to see
what was in
t h e W ay. All
was clear but
the bus opera
tor was grum-
bling a b o u t
Evening star., 1947-06-14
Questions and Answers

reader can obtain the answer to any question
of writing The Evening star lnlofH71a %
Bureau, 3I6 I street NE. Washington =. y CHr->
Please inccse three go cents for return postage.
@. How does the sky appear to flyers at,
high altitudes?-J S. L. te,,
A. Above an altitude of about 10000 feet
the sky begins to appear purple instead OF
blue. because the thinner air at this height
does not scatter sunlight as much as does the
denser air lower down.
O. What were the provisions Of the Grand
Design of Henry WV. G. N. 5s"
A. The object of the new plan was to divide
proportionately the whole of Europe between
a certain number of the powers which would
have nothing to envy any one for on the ground
of equality and nothing to fear on the ground
of the balance of power. 4-'<
O. What is meant by added money" or
added purse" in reference to horse racing?
S. D. sFfS
A. Added money is the money paid by the
owner in subscription fee or starting fee that
is added to the purse. mons
O. May brown sugar be used for canning
fruits?-T. E. L. st>,4
A. Brown sugar is not suitable for home
canning. because It's flavor Is strong and over
powers that Of the fruit. -a7
Evening star., 1947-06-14

letter is b or n
of r / 6 h t e Gus
/ n d g n alton
a n d blameless
per Sc, 1t af-
fords food for
thought on
C e rni n 6 its
writer and all
of us. The sign
For Gentiles
Only" alleged