Evening star., 1947-06-02

The summary OF the finding
and recommendations OF the
Presidents Advisory Commission
4 on Untpersnl Training follotc.
: After nearly six months Of the
eoSt intensive study, the members
o. this commission have arrived al
the unanimous conclusion that uni
versal training is an essential ele-
ment in an integrated program
of national security intended tc
safeguard the United States and
TO enable US to fulfill our RESPONSE
,bilities to the cause of world peace
and the success of the United Ma
tions.
Our conviction stems from the
following basic beliefs:
II Ftrst-One of the deterTents to the
effectiveness of the United Nations
Is the belief of other nations that
I'VE are stripping ourselves of the
e strength necessary to support our
moral leadership and are thus en-
couraging powers that may not
share our peaceful aims to plan
campaigns of aggression. We be-
slieve that the adoption Of universal
training would reassure the peace
loving countries Of the world and
enhance the influence and authority
OF the United Nations.
Second-Universal training offers
= the only method through which we
could insure a sufficient number
and dispersal of trained military
manpower without -burdening
the country's economy through the
maintenance of a huge standing
Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine
Corps.
Third-The addition of the atomic
bomb to the incalculable horrors of
modern war has eliminated the con-
= 5cept of zones of safety in any fu-
ture attack on this country. BY
making war universal, devastating
and immediate in its impact, new
y developments in warfare have Gre
.ated a need for trained men in
every city and town-men who
would be available at once in an
. emergency.
= Benefits Not Exaggerated.
We do not wish, however, to ex-
=. aggerate the benefits that would
be derived from the establishment
of universal training program. It
, offers no cheap or easy ticket to
security. Only when combined with
the others elements that enter into
a balanctS security system would
/, it provide the measure of strength
necessary to deter an aggressor from
/. taking up srms against us or from
d, violating the rights of less powerful
nations.
In the light of the conditions that
exist In the world today, no pro-
gram for National security would be
complete unless it encompassed all
of the following ingredients:
l. A strong united, healthy and in
formed Ndtion-This is our No.
. security requirement. 1t is the bed
rock on which all our military pre-
sparations depend The vigor and
vitality of our democracy, as ex-
tpressed In improved health, educa-
stion, productivity, and morale of the
7 American people, are of paramount
importance, not only for ourselves
but also for millions subject to the
deception Of totalitarian philoso-
phies abroad.
2. A co-ordinGted Intelligence serU-
ice-Only through the most diligent
collection and the most exhaustive
analysis of every scrap of data that
might shed light on the war plans of
a potential enemy Or the extension
of his sphere of influence can we
hope to make up for the cushion
of time" that has been taken away
from us by the deadly speed of air
and atomic attack. a
8. Scientific research and develop |
'nent-No lesson of World War II
was more convincing to the Amer
lean people than the effectiveness
OF science in providing potent new
instrumentalities of warfare. We
strongly endorse continued interest
in and support of both basic and
applied research by the armed
forces, and specifically add our
recommendation in favor of legis-
lation to establish National Sci
ence Foundation.
Industrial Readiness Urged.
4. Industrial mobiltsation-The de-
velopment of new weapons will be
of no value unless our scientific
progress is matched by industrial
readiness for the problems of war
that may come without warning at
supersonic speeds. Weapons that
were not in being and in the pos
session of our troops when an ag-
gressor struck would be worthless in
infiicting swift retribution upon him
or IN preventing his approach to our
shores. Because cf the danger that
production centerS would be de-
molished in the first days of war, a
start should be made now. toward
decentralizing the most vital plants
and, in some cases, toward build
ing underground or otherwise ade-
quately protected facilities. Criti-
cal war materials must be stock
piled now and in the future.
5. A striking air force-Spearhea
Of our professional armed services,
this force would be charged with the
crucial mission of defense by at
tack" It's job would be to stop the
enemy's first onslaught and to hit
back at him with crushing force.
We believe that an aggresor's re-
luctance to start a war, and his
handicap in prosecuting it success
fully II he did start, would be in
direct proportion to the power and
readiness of our mobile striking
force. Its personnel would have to
be highly trained and its equipment
would have to be the most advanced
in the world.
6. Other elements OF the Regular
Army, Nary, Air Forces, Marine
Corps and Merchant Marine-Long-
range operations of great destruc-
tive power and control Of strategic
bases might be decisive elements
in determining the outcome of war.
Since we could not under our Con-
Stitution and would not under our