davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-22
PHILLIES

ST. PETERSBURG, Fla, March
2l-UH-Pitcher Dick Mauney OF
the Philadelphia Phillies was be-
lieved 10 have suffered a broken
wrist today when struck by q line
drive off the bat of outfieldel
Charley Gilbert.
He was pitching for batting
practice before the exhibition game
between the St. Louis Cardinals
and the Pills.
BRAVES
FORT LAUDERDALE, Fla,
Marcn q -U.H- Trade rumors
were plentiful in the Boston Braves
camp today, although none OF the
!umors had specific details on
what players were to be traded,
and for whom.
The trade talk overshadowed the
regulars routine drill today. The
Yanni2ans will play Fort. Lauder
dale Braves tonight.
Catcher Don Padgett became the
third major Lacquer to be arrest
ed for speeding, but escaped a
fine. Braves Manager Bill South
worth and Red Sox pitcher Mickey
HARRIS mad to pay.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-22
SENATOR'S

SE1< n
WINTER GARDEN, Fla, March
2l-W.P-The Washington Senators
pyramided their error total for
six games to u by committing four
misplays today but still managed
to beat their Chattanooga farm
club, 80.
Rick Terrell. veteran catcher
who has been a coach, was put
back on the active list today and
worked the first five innings.
Buddy Lewis made his first ap-
%pearanee in an exhibition game and
paced the Senators 12-hit attack
by getting a double and two sin
giles.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-22
BROWNS

MIAMI. Fla. March 21-W.G-
The St. Louis Browns took a 5 to
4 game from Baltimore of the In
ternational League today and then
were instructed by Manager Mud
dy Ruel to rest until Sundays game
with the Brooklyn Dodgers.
The Browns will play a Dodger
team Sunday and Monday piloted
by Coach Clyde S%ukeforth. Brook
Ign Manager Leo Durocher will
not accompany his team here since
he is scheduled to appear before
Commissioner A. B. Chandler at
Sanford, Fla, in connection with
charges brought by Yankee Presi-
dent Larry MacPhail.
Evening star., 1947-03-09
Current Activities
or Garden Clubs

Chevy Chase ID. c. Garden Club
will hold its monthly meeting to-
morrow at pm. at the home of
Mrs. Samuel G. Keery, 1898 Oliver
street NV. Mrs. G. Wohlgemuth,
jr., and Mrs. Eli Swavely will serve
as assistant hostesses. A motion pic
ture, "Conservation OF Forests" will
be shown. Mrs. George I. Mullins,
president, will preside.
The Potomac Rose Society will
hold a demonstration of bush prun-
ing at 2 pm. today at the home
of Robert E. Scammell, 2810 Blad-
ensburg road NE. The demonstra-
ton was postponed last Sunday be-
cause Of unfavorable weather.
Neils J. Hansen, former society
president, will show the proper way
to prune rose bushes to stimulate
new growth. Specimens of diseased
and injured wood will be displayed.
Evening star., 1947-03-09
Tobacco Increase Is Planned
Marylanders Urged to Up Production
10 Pct; Study Labor Saving Methods
By jones BirehfieId

=
Cured if control measures had been
| in use.
Mr.. Posey also urged growers to
promote wider use of Maryland
leaf in cigarettes and to take great
er advantages OF the possibilities of
export sales.
Lavor-Saving Methods.
OF equal Importance with increas-
ing production are methods that will
lower production costs. Research in
this field that has been conducted
fer the last three years at the Uni
versity of Kentucky was outlined by
G. B. Byers. farm management
specialist at that school. Maryland
University officials hope to launch
IA similar program soon.
Mr., Byers said that through the
use OF slow-motion moving pictures
to study moves made by laborers in
the production of tobacco it has
been possible in Kentucky to re-
duce man hours per acre from 30S
to 2l5, a saving of 80 man hours.
In addition, he said, many simple
labor-saviag devices, such as stake
Isharpeners, hooks for hosting and
lowering tobacco in barns and care-
fully designed stripping rooms have
helped Kentucky growers to lower
their production costs.
Mr. Byers said Kentucky growers
had found that long plant beds, not
over II feet wide, were more eff
cieRt than large square beds. He
said watering devices also had been
perfected that would allow tho
grower to water beds and also pro-
vide quick means of filling plant
ing machines in the field.
Evening star., 1947-03-09
Science Can Bunish Hunqer
By Robert {. Geiqer
Asscciotsd Press Ste

IS Sf0H WfTeE
some say that If distribution could
be perfected, the goal might be at
tanned by 1860. Others say it will
take more than so years.
DR.. Robert M. Salter, chief of the
Bureau Of Plant Industry, Soils and
Agricultural Engineering of the
Agriculture Department, is one who
says the goal could be achieved with
international cooperation.
Some of the phases of this prob
lem are stressed by DR.. H. H. Ben
nett, chief OF fthe Soil Conserva-
ton Service of the Agriculture De-
partment.
The task, he says, is to educate
farmers into using the latest, scien-
tific methods. This involves such
problems as making places like
China substitute modern methods
for OK yoke and light-of- the moon
farming.
Already, he says, in the United
States knowledge Of scientific meth
DDS Is spreading and "in the long
run, the overwhelming urge OF
mankind for survival will dictate
that every remaining productive
acre be handled in such way that
it will continue to produce indefi-
nitely."
While the spread of knowledge
around the world may be slow, the
United States record OF increased
agricultural production during the
war is hint of what can be done.
Total farm production was boosted
IS per cent above the 1885 1899 Pc
riod with labor force 6 per cent
smaller. Weather was favorable
factor, but Agriculture Department;
oficials say production would have
been 20 per cent greater even with
normal" weather because Of hybrid
varieties.
Some scientists contend that in
tensif1ed war production depleted
soils Of valuable minerals. Secre-
tary Anderson and others say, how
ever, increased production is pos
sible, without depletion, If good
methods are used.
Evening star., 1947-03-09
Egg Production
Readjnstments
To Be Studied

Rsadjustments in egg production
to meet peacetime requirements
will be discussed by Maryland poul-
trymen at meeting at l pm. We'd
nesday at the University Of Mary
land.
Joseph H. Blandford, State Pro-
duction and Marketing Administra-
ton director, said the group will
discuss whether production will be
adjusted to demand If the price of
eggs Is maintained at 80 per cent
of parity, whether other programs
will be necessary, and If so. what
type OF programs should bs de-
veloped.
The decisions OF the poultrymen
will be forwarded to the Agricul-
ture Department in the form OF
recommendations, Mr.. Blandford
said.
Discussing the 1916 wheat insur-
ance program, Dudley c. Aist, PIMA
administrative assistant, said the
program operated at an $4,000 loss
in the State.
Mr.. Aist said farmers paid in
premiums, levied in terms of bushels
of wheat, in the amount of $4,000,
but that losses. expressed in bushels,
amounted to $128,000.
He said a study of the gains and
losses of the program over the last
six years is now being made. This
is expected to reveal the number of
farms that have experienced losses
each year and may form the basis
for future adjustments in the in
surance program.
Mr.. Aist said Talbot County led
with loss of more than SIC, 900.
Montgomery County reported a loss
Of $1,254.82 and Prince Georges
showed a loss of only $411.07.
Evening star., 1947-03-09
Truckers Warned
Ia IN atch Acreage :

HI stier bead of the MARKET
ing department at the University Of
Maryland, warned State truck farm
ers last week to check on planting
intentions IN other States before in
creasing acreagesfo fof crops damaged
recently by cold weather in the
Southern States.
Mr.. Stier said tomatoes and snap
beans were damaged by the Florida
freeze, with the immediate result
that beans jumped from $3.50 to
81 a bushel
There is danger, he said, that
Maryland farmers, in attempting to
increase tomato and bean acreages
to cash in on the high prices, will
overproduce and cause a glut on
the market.
Evening star., 1947-03-09

Southern Maryland tobacco grow.
ers have made plans to increase the
production of Type 80 Maryland leaf
by 10 per cent to keep pace With the
rising cigarette production in
America.
At series of growers meetings
held recently in the five Southern
Maryland tobacco-producing coun-
ties, specialists at the University OF
Maryland described as groundless
fears expressed by some growers
that an increase in production
would result in lower prices.
w. B. Posey, extension tobacco
specialist, said an increase in Mary
land tobacco production from
%, 600, 900 pounds In 1887 to 80 ,200,-
900 pounds in 1914 was accompanied
by an increase in crop value from
Silt per acre to $47l per acre.
During this same period. Mr..
Posey said. the national production
Of cigarettes has shown q steady in
crease Of from ITO billions In 1887
to- 324 billions in 1914.
Because Maryland tobacco pro-
|duction has not kept pace with
cigarette production, the percentage
of Type 80 used in popular cigarette
blends has been cut in half. Manu-
facturers simply cannot buy enough
of this tobacco to I'LL their needs, "
Mr.. Posey said.
Used for Burning Qualities.
Type 80 Maryland leaf, used in
cigarettes for its burning qualities,
once amounted to per cent Of the
blend. This has dropped to 2 per
cent. Mr.. Posey explained. And
some cigarettes contain no Mary
land tobacco.
Mr.. Posey said last year growers
planted about $4,000 acres in
tobacco. The crop, to be sold this
spring, is estimated to be a little
more than $4,000, 900 pounds.
This year Mr.. Posey hopes Mary
land growers will plant from $4,000
to $1,000 acres in tobacco.
He listed six points which he
asked growers to adopt as a long
range program to aid tobacco pro-
duction.
Six Points Listed.
!. Plant so square yards of bed
for each acre to assure an adequate
supply Of plants.
2. Strip out the present crop as
soon as possible so it will be out Of
the way at spring planting time.
3. Get mechanical equipment in
good order now.
4. Investigate the use of portable
equipment for watering plant beds.
S. Take steps to prevent blue mold
In plant beds. This may be done
with the use of fermate.
8. Study control methods of cur
ing the crop. Last year between
100000 and 100000 pounds were
lost because of adverse weather con-
ditions. This would not have oc-
Evening star., 1947-03-09
Farm Home
Needs Stressed
BY Sociologist

Ine lack OF mOQcIn nome con-
yeniences and the poor quality Of
rural housing in Virginia is q more
serious problem than the present
shortage Of housing, according to
DR.. w. E. Garnett, sociologist with
the v. p. I. department Of rural
sociology.
In survey published recently,
DR.. Garnett said that as q result
Of poor housing family life suffers.
DR.. Garnett said facts uncovered
in 1910 still apply today. In that
year % per cent of rural homes
were so years old or more; 80 per
cent were in need of ajor repairs;
Al per cent had four rooms or less;
~ per cent had three rooms or less;
81 per cent lacked bathtubs or show
ers; 81 per cent were without flush
toilets; 81 per cent were without
central heating; so per cent lacked
refrigerators; 81 per cent were with
out running water, and SO per cent
lacked electricity.
About one-third Of the rural
houses did not have solid founda-
tions. and nearly all lacked proper
insulation.
Farm Incomes Low.
"Of the many reasons for. Door
housing and few home conven-
iences." DR.. Garnett said, three are
perhaps Of the most significance:
Cd The lack OF income to provide;
(O lack Of standards; 90 failure
to take full advantage Of possible
improvement aids. OF these, inade-
quate income is by far the most
important. "
"The 1945 rural housing study in
six counties showed the lack of in
come as the chief cause with about
three-fourths. This is readily un-
derstood when 1t is remembered
that even with the recent war pros
perity, the average Virginia net
farm income was little less than
$1,000 in l945 and less than $500
in 1899.
Furthermore. In 1914, 40 per cent
OF the Virginia farm operators had
a gross farm income of under $500
as compared to 28 per cent with
from $500 to $500 and 80 per cent
over $500. In 1899 60 per cent fell
in the under $500 group, 81 per cent
in the 5000 to $500 and only IL
per cent had above $500.
For generations the ajority OF
farm families have rarely had suf-
hcient income to build good houses
or equip them with desirable con-
yeniences. For a variety OF rea-
sons, many families fail to have
standards which compel them to
put forth best efforts for improve
ment or to make use. OF available
aids for improvement.
Some Improvements Cost Little.
THE improvement of rural hous-
ing and living conditions is, of
course, primarily an individual mat
ter governed by individual circum-
stances. At present high price lev
els, it is probably unwise to under
take much new construction. How
ever, in many cases some improve
ments can be made at relatively
small cost.
This is especially true in the case
OF tenant housing-the area of
greatest need-where landlords can
furnish materials and tenants do
such badly needed work as making
a solid foundation. ceiling or paper
Ing rooms, repairing doors and win
dpWs and so on.
%The installation of electricity and
provisions for more adequate wa
ter supply can, also, frequently be
put in at reasonable cost"
Evening star., 1947-03-09

Many scientists now agree hun
ger could be banished from the
world.
Secretary Of Agriculture Ander-
son supports their view.
These scientists base their studied
opinion on present-day knowledge,
not oncrystal gazing into a super
atomic age.
But they admit the job is a huge
one. G. F. Kettering, research vice
president of General Motors and
former president of the American
Association for the Advancement of
Science, estimated recently that
more than one-fourth of the worlds
1000, 100000 people normally are
hungry.
At the Hot Springs, Va, United
Nations Food and Agriculture Con-
ference in 1943 it was estimated
l,000,oO0,00o are undernourished.
Plans to increase the worlds food
output to give every one full diet
have stirred controversy for years.
Some scientists claim there are so
many people in the world that soils
will be depleted If the diets of all
are increased to American stand
ards.
But Secretary Anderson said in
an interview:
Undoubtedly agricultural and nu-
tritional science now make it pos
5ible to Danish hunger from the
earth.
IF our knowledge is applied, the
Job can be done without depicting
,oils. OF course, it will take time
o do It, and 1t will take close inter-
,ational cooperation, but it will
Intimate an old, old. struggle.
This means men will have to
york together, in all nations, and
ubstitute an era of world scientific
,griculture for the present system
of national and individual scientific
,griculture."
Mr.. Kettering and other experts
ay man, himself, is the one STUN
ling block. They say enough food
m be raised but because of world
'olitics and economics 1t can't be
attributed internationally.
Those who contend the job can be
one don't agree on a timetable, but
Evening star., 1947-03-09
Erosion a Garden Problem
Measures Listed Which Prevent
Soil Erosion by Heavy Rains
By W. H. Younsmon

The loss of soil from the garden
plot seems insignificant to the aver
age gardener. Whether he knows 1t
or not, the loss Of much Of the
humus and the rich soil elements
from the top soil in this area each
year is appalling.
In the Washington area the rains
are heavy. and If there is any slope
at all to the garden plct these VAL
liable soil constituents fiow down
tie streams in tremendous. volume.
Wi11 an appreciable slope, the loss
Is so obvious that even the casual
observer can see the gullies.
The Soil Conservation Service of
the Agriculture Department has
done much to bring this loss to our
attention. They are also doing
great deal to teach us how to stop It.
There are several ways Of meeting
this problem and you will find gar
deners who employ each method.
Most thoughtful gardeners run their
rows across the slope. This tends
to check the run-off and to hold the
soil. Gardening across the slope
helps the rainfall to penetrate the
soil.
In those gardens where the slope
is very slight, this Is often-times all
that is necessary to protect the soil.
However, in the fall and wintertime,
even with only such a slight slope,
1t Is desirable to have a cover crop
growing. Cover crops not only keep
the soil from washing, but they add
humus to the garden. The growing
plants take up and hold unused
soluble plant food that may remain
from the summers crop feeding.
Sod Strips Are Effective.
Where there Is more of q slope
than that indicated above, it may
be necessary to maintain sod strips
that extend across the slope Some
gardeners, however, do not care to
spare part Of their limited garden
space for sod strips. They may pre-
fer to use dirt ridges and to plant
crops on them. This is effective in
many cases, so long as the height of
the ridges is not so great that crops
growing there will suffer from lack
Of moisture.
Planks sunk into the soil at in
tervals across the slope will serve
to check soil washing. The height
or width of the planks will depend
on the slope desired to protect. Some
gardeners prefer to level the soil be-
tween the planks, thus making their
garden area into series of beds or
steps. This method is effective and
not too expensive, although planks
tend to rot out rather quickly even
when treated with creosote.
For still sleeper slopes one may
use concrete or rock walls to hold
the soil. Usually when such perma-
nent materials are used the space
between the walls is leveled and each
is treated as a bed. This Is rather
expensive but lasting and effective.
The laying out of a garden to con-
troll or prevent washing is not
difficult task. One needs only a
level, straight piece of lumber Qx4
Evening star., 1947-03-09

is not too heavy to handIe), and 4
number Of stakes.
Starting at the top Of the garden
slope 1t Is easy to determine the
slope and to mark 1t OF with stakes.
These should be driven firmly into
the ground with the tops about level
with the upper edge Of the slope.
On a gentle slope the rows will be
far apart, but with = sleeper one
they will be closer together. Where
the slope is slight the soil can be
ridged up along the rows Of stakes,
but If more than three to five inches
in height q more permanent check
may be desirable.
It is important to give the beds
slight slope to carry the water
away very slowly. II the beds re-
main level their entire length the
water would tend to stand and per-
haps finally spill over the ridge or
edge OF the bed. Unless this can
be avoided there is likelihood Of its
washing out the ridges. In gardens
with only slight or moderate slope
q sodded ditch will answer. With q
steep slope 1t may be necessary to
construct some sort Of Q perma-
nent ditch.
Compost Holds Moisture.
Even the spading practices should
be modified to control or check soil
washing. Too often we are prone
to start at the bottom Of the slope
and work towards the upper end.
This is contrary to accepted theories.
We should always attempt to keep
the soil up the slope rather than
to push 1t down. BY starting at the
top and working down hill we will
be leaving the soil in such q posi-
ton that rainfall soaks into 1t.
II we have any litter, manure,
green manure or compost to work
into the soil we should not make
the careful effort that the skilled
plowman Is supposed to do, turn
every bit of it under. Rather it Is
desirable to leave 1t as layer be-
tween each strip Of spading.
Think of alternate slices of up
turned soil with layer of coarse
compost between. If the layers of
compost were really thick, 3 or 4
inches, we might have q spading
of soil 4 to inches thick separated
from the next spading by a or 4
inch layer of plant material. These
layers standing between the strips of
spaded soil materially check ero-
sion and also aid the rainfall to
penetrate the soil.
Inasmuch as there are very few
gardens so level that there Is little
or no soil erosion, this problem of
the loss Of valuable surface soil
deserves thought on the part of
the gardener. Even though slight
soil ridges will stop summer rains,
it is most important that a green
manure-cover crop be used to pro-
tect the garden during the winter.
Such steps will do much to increase
the drought resistance of the garden
and at the same time prevent the
loss of plant food and humus, max
ing the garden more productive
and less difficult to operate.
Evening star., 1947-03-09
Hereford Sale

Virginia Hereford cattle breeders
have consigned 30 head of cattle to
a show and sale to be held April 10
at Roanoke, M. L. Dalton, assistant
extension animal husbandman, an
nounced last week. The event is
being sponsored by the Virginia
Purebred Hereford Association,
Bob Lazear, manager of q Wyo-
ming Hereford ranch, has been
named Judge OF the show.
Evening star., 1947-03-09

Of the national garden program,
acted as master Of ceremonies.
In presenting the awards, Mr.. Will
son congratulated Mr.. Moore on
winning in the competition with the
best amateur gardeners in the
United States. He said many of the
contestants had more favorable soil
and climatic conditions.
Mr.. Moore, who gardens on go
by ITO foot community plot, first
began growing vegetables in 1912.
In l945, when he was assisted by
his son and his wife, Mr.. Moore won
second place in the national contest.
Mr.. Moore said he had been as
sisted in his gardening work through
The Stars Victory Garden program.
Last year he did all the gardening
alone, and in addition tended his
home grounds on Quesada street.
Evening star., 1947-03-09
Fairfax Group Named
To Fight Jap Beetle

Joseph E., Beard, Fairfax. Coanty
agent, announced last week COM
n1ittee to serve on the County Agri-
culture and Homemaking Board to
assist in combating the japanese
beetle and to make garden recon-
ndaaons this year. s@R
Committee members are Mrs
Walter Gander, Annandale; Mrs,
H. D. Buckman. Engleside; Mrs,
Jane Fortney. Navy; Mrs F. L.
Hughesmann, Vienna, and Mrs,
Joseph Trice, Springfield.
Evening star., 1947-03-09
Moore Wins Top Garden Award

A native of the District, j. Francis
Moore Of 3342 Quesada street NV,
has been awarded top gardening
honors in the National Green
Thumb Contest sponsored by the
National Garden Institute.
Mr.. Moore was presented $500 in
savings bonds, a gold medal and
a silver medal by M. L. Wilson,
Agriculture Department Extension
Service director, at ceremonies yes
terday at the Columbia Broadcast
ing Co. studios here.
The ceremonies were broadcast
yesterday over a national network
and will be rebroadcast at $3.50 am.
today locally. Don Lerch. director
of Columbia's Country Journal pro-
gram and a winner of the institutes s
Certificate of Award for his support
Evening star., 1947-03-09
Grangers. to Meet

Beltsville Grange ITO will meet at
the Grange Hall Tuesday, dinner
served at 6:45 and business meeting
at 8. The topic will be Planning
Your 1947 Garden" All grangers
and friends are invited, according
to Harley Brewer, secretary, whose
telephone is Tower 5261.
Evening star., 1947-03-09

Champion gardener, J.
Francis Moore, shoUs ,Dhat tt
takes to ,oin top national
gardening honors. At the left,
Mr.. Moore copers the seed and
at bottom puts the finishing
touches on his crop of peas.
Evening star., 1947-03-09
Shady Spot Cover

What do you need for that shady
spot? English ivy and periwinkle
(myrtle) do well. Japanese yews
and hemlock like shade and are two
Of our hardest and handsomest
evergreens. The dwarf yew is never
too large and always beautiful.
Evening star., 1947-02-15

Ardenu Cleansing cream. $40, $3.50. $40
Arseno veIvo creom, $40, $3.50. s721
Ardeno Fluffy Cleansing creom, $3.50, $40
Ardena Skin Lotion. $40, $3.50, 5000
Ardeno speeioI Astrnsent, $40, $3.50. SIz
Ardena Perfection Cream. S7.2o, $12
Ardeno oronse Skin creom, $3.50, $50, $3.50
Ardeno speeiol Neck creom, S27o, $3.50
yoi. d. vim., IS, slo0, a4
speeioI soIon Treatment Oil, $l2
Prices include 20'6 tox
w&L-Toletries, Aisle II. First Floor
Evening star., 1947-02-15

refreshing elements dolly
beyo Of Elizabeth Arden
ywomon phe skin me
n table follow
yorki perfection