davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-13

nary singing in a cage. And fifth,
is your dog or cat.
1t may seem that these five ami
mails do not have very much m
common. The goldfish cannot
even breathe the way the others
do. and the only one that can fly
is the canary.
However, all five Of these ami
mails have backbones. and so they
belong to the great group of ami
mails known as the backboned ami
mails or vertebrates. There are
very great differences among
them. of course. The fish gets it's
li~fe-giving oxygen from the water
by means of its giIls, but the
others breathe the air. The fish.
the frog, the turtle and the snake
are all ld-blooded. The ca1ary
and the dog and cat are warm
blooded. But the possession of a
backbone makes all of them very
different from all animals that do
not nave q
The names Of the five classes of
animals with backbones are the
Fish. the Amphibia. the Reptiles.
the Birds and the Mammals. The
great class of fish is represented
by the goldfish. The amphibia are
represented by the spotted frog.
The snake Cor turtle) is a reptile.
The canary represents the birds:
and the dog and cat are man.
mails.
Animals that do not have back
bones (the invertebrates) are not
at all like these. They may be
quite soft and Shiny. like an
earthworm or a garden slug. 9th
ers have impressive suits Of ar
NOR, like the lobster and some in
sects. Snails. oysters. scallops and
clans are backboneless animals
that live in shells.
Many Of these invertebrates are
very important indeed. Lobsters
and crabs are important as food.
A bee is most important for the
honey it gathers. Mosquitoes, un-
fortunately, are important too, be-
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-13

cause some carry dreaded dis
ease.
The lowest form of vertebrate
animal is the fish. A few fish,
such as sharks and rays, have
cartilage or gristle in place Of a
spine made of bone. Most fish.
however. have very good back
bones. with many little bones at
tached to them. The backbone of
a fish is eXcellently suited TO a
life of swimming in the water by
movements of the tail and body.
Not every animal living in the
sea is a fish. Starfish and bar
n%acles, for example. are not fish.
ror are the jellyfish that float in
the ocean like saucers turned up
side down. Such sea creatures
have no backbones and are
classed with the invertebrates:
but a true fish is one of the verte-
brates. The mighty whale is not a
fish, ever though it is a verte-
brate and lives in the sea: it looks
like a fish, but it breathes air and
so it is a true mammal.
Tomorrow we shall tell you
about the other vertebrates be-
sides the fish.
Copyright. 1916. By The Grolier
Society Inc, based upon The Book
Of knowledge
Distributed by United Feature
Syndicate. Inc.)
TOMORROW The Other Ver-
tebrates.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-13

er monks took from the Laon NV.
were accustomed 10 USING
vertiser's Digest.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-13
ne Doctor Says
oNRULY CHILDREN
PRESENT PRoB1E,
BY WILLIAM A, o,pp~

lncorrisibility in ''h|
B fssier 10 =, prevent Than IS .s, =.
their behavior nroh1 Aau.. d,
courts look upon idco ST.y5as. d
oren as practically jmaSo 5o.e &.
tsrpos a d psychiatr5s9tss' 'o,'
terms to their condition ''p}|
their difficulty. nature Il
What is wrong with
children: Apparently thew ,So',ls',
ce gro" up up all al once ao ~ \
Come hard boiled 10 pro 1a' o
pear to be egotisticaI - t, ~
ofagsarts, but their reai .oa!ynl
is lack of self-confjdencs . Ill.
assurance. sno set.
Most meorrigiols
nave good minds, sDio7. .escsas
health, and apparently ba s1ct-t,
raised IN good families. n, ''t
roWtul parents are good o ,os 70,
.he community and even ,,'.l ,
they deserve the xmn, saoal
everyone, the story Of tbs, n{ "
has q lesson tox us, ' fy''
ncorrisiose children do M,
vslop that way x1ddsn1r IVY a.
background for their d%i.tisn M
tends into childhood A. Ms ~
complamers about other ss'
IN school getting a sou,r. A9 a0,
when they did not: thew s,r 0s'l
Iney were not liked by othsr ,sl
oren or were disrrir', 4,
against by their parents ~ st
moods they become criti.,, men ~
everybody and everytbin, ~ y
tendency became more MARI. AVA |.
they grew older. Al
Defiant children who suIIsrl, =.
sist their parents cannot No ~
over by rigid discipline and ""
Often they are immune IN '', ~
-cusslons Of right and wrons A.
parently the only thing thai Wy "
help them regain their seH.,ont
dence IS to give them an onrn,
tunlty to shine at something W..
they are able to do and 70. o",
slders to take an interest in tb,r
Parents are advised 10 ...,
Guiding the Adolescent." Nv n
A. Thorn, MD, Publication n,
235, Children's Bureau. Trr;, y.
States Department Of L,abor a,
INFORM alton about incorrisiblit
IN children and other problam, :,
adolescence. A copy NAV b. Al
tanned from your local heath 4,
pSrtment or by writing IA a,
Children's Bureau, Wss1inot9.
D. c.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-13
Star Dust
Print Shop Nomenclature ,

Print Shop Nomenclature
In the early days of printing
much of the work was done by
monks. AS a result the printers
Technology is still full Of church
words. The composing room is
still the 'chapel' and has "aisles."
A case of type is called a font
because holy water fonts were
used as type receptacles. The
small truck into which used tie
is dumped is still the hell box
and the apprentice is a devil "
In addition. there are hundreds
VI words like stet. dele, quad,
folio. octave, ETC., which the print
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-13
Your Income Tax

q. My son, age IS. made salO
working in store last year. II,
had no other income. As | under.
stand it. I can claim him Al,
dependent on my own tax return
Also, he can file a return for 1sH
ana obtain a refund. This Is Am.
and | have no complains. BIZ
what | can't understand is ths
fact that apparently 1910 i, no.
being taxed by the Treasury. am
not including the 1910 in my in.
come, yet my son pays no Tax
on 1t, instead he gets a refund
Please explain.
A. Here's the fundamental idsi.
every person, whether a minor Or
ar adult, is entitled 10 $500 Of tax,
free income. If r person with less
than that amount of income hap.
pens to be some ones dependent
it makes no difference.
The big test is: is your boy
your dependent? As your son, h
is q sufficiently close relative 10
qualify. 1t is certainly true that
you contributed more than hall
the amount necessary for his sup
port. In these expensive days N.
$50 he earned probably constitut.
ed only about a third of he total
outlay for his shelter, clothing and
education.
In writing the law Congress an.
ticipated just such situations AZ
yours, and elected 10 help out Il.
financially harassed parents. The
tax laws are frequently more jus.
than they arr given credit Tor,
9. During the war l bought -four
$3.50 war bonds which are earning
interest for me. What ! want 10
know is do l have 10 ihclade III
interest as income every year on
my income tax return?
A. No. You can wait until yol
cash the bonds, securing The IN
terest. L you hold all the bonds
until maturity and they all md
ture in the same wear, Won viii
have to report 81 900 dour times
$3.50 as income il that wear. Iaa,
won't be so bad as taxes ShouIo
be lower. we hope, by then. u
course if you cash in any Of "
bonds before maturity you m1'
report as income any interest III
lowed you.
@. How many people oo'sIH'l
tax refunds last wear?
A.. The Treasury reports maj "
the tax year 1945 it mailed o1
no fewer than 30,25O.0O0 felln'
checks.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-13
GOOD MORNING

Most Of the critical things in life, which
become the starting points Of human des-
TINY, are little things.-R. Smith.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-13

What we want is a free and unrestricted in.
terchange of news among nations. We exnect.
ed much more Of this, with the abolition of
many censorships at the end of the war, than
has actually come to pass. But We'll have to
keep on fighting for it.-Hugh Baillie, presi.
dent UnitAd PRESS.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-12-31
LEVERS GIVEN OATH
 AS NEW CLERK OF. U. 5. DISTRICT COURT

J. w. Leivers was sworn in this morning as Clerk of the U. $. Dis- trict Court for the First Division. The oath was administered by District Judge George w. Folta. Leivers succeeds John H. Walmer, who has held that position for the past three years Walmer's resig- nation is effective today His plans have not yet been announc- ed.
 Leivers came to Alaska in 1908, and attended the Douglas High school He was employed by Whit CT and Pond for 20 years and the Thomas Hardware Co. for two years before joining the Clerks office in 1929.
 Mrs. Peggy McIvor will succeed Leivers as Chief Deputy Clerk. She has been in the office as steno- graphic clerk since 1885. She will be succeeded in her old job by Mrs. Lois Estepp, formerly em- ployed by the Territorial Auditor and the Department of Health.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-12-31
vANDENBERG DOES NOT DESIRE TO BE
 "FAvORITE SON

WASHINGTON, Dec. 31. - R - senator Vandenberg IS lkely to touch off a Republican scramble in Michigan with a forthcoming an- that he does not want to be his States "Favorite Son candidate for President.
 Politicians long have known that Vandenberg planned eventually to ask the Michigan Republican or ganization not to give him it's formal backing at the Philadelphia nomi- hating convention in June.
 There are indications the Senator will make this request in New Years letter to party leaders.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-12-31
IS CONTINUED
 FAR NORTH
Two Members of Crashed Plane, Three Parafroop-
 CTS Are Objects of Hunt

NOME, Alaska, Dec. 31.-LRl- With hopes dimmed almost to the vanishing point, search parties continued today to scan the bleak icy wastes of the Seward Penin- sula Tor B-29 pilot, his naviga- tor and three Army paratroopers who vanished after lcaping to the aid of the airmens six fellow crew members.
 The two airmen, It. Vern H. Ar nett, Santa Ana, Calf, pilot. and It. Frederick l. Sheetz, Keyser, w. Va. disappeared Christmas Day, two days after the crash of their plane 95 miles north of Nome, when they set out together to seek aid at the Eskimo village of Shish- maref, 50 miles from the stricken plane.
 Six other members of the crew were rescued Monday by Alaska hush pilots, William Munz and Frank Whaley, both Of Nome.
 Munz, who returned to the crash scene yesterday with his ski equipped plane, said he saw what think was dead paratrooper, and possibly two lying in the snow about 1,500 feet from the burned plane.
 There was also another chute lying nearby, which might have covered the third missing man in the snow" he added.
 None of the three men, a doctor and two paratroopers from Ladd Field, has been seen since they leaped to the aid of the stranded survivors last Saturday night
 Air Force authorities have not identified the missing trio.
 A base camp was established yesterday about five miles from the crumpled plane. Capt Harry Strong an experienced Alaskan now stationed here for the Arctic in- doctrination school, is in charge.
 Meanwhile. two of the six sur vivors were flown from Nome to an Anchorage army hospital. They are It. Lyle B. Larson. flight en- gineer of Colfax, Wis. and Tech. Sgt. Wilbur E. Decker, Plainiield, N J. Larson has fractured leg and frostbite, Decker suffered from first and second degree burns and frostbite.
 Hospital officers said the con- dition of both men was generally | favorable"
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-12-31
MERGER OF SKINNER,
 EDDY CORPORATION ANNOUNCED TODAY

SEATTLE, Dec. 3l-R-Merger of the Skinner and Eddy Corpora ton with the Alaska Steamship Company ito simplify the overall corporate structure of the Alaska Steamship Company and to broaden and further strengthen it's financial position, was announced today by |G. w. Skinner, President.
 The corporation has owned Alaska Steamship Company since l944.
 Skinner said no changes are con- templated in the general character of the new company's business, op- erations or personnel. Business will be conducted under the name Al aska Steamship Company" which 1as become a Washington corpora 5ion under the arrangement. It has been a Nevada corporation. The company is studying plans 'or development of its permanent operations in the Alaska trade, Skin ner said. Plans include acquisition of new freight and passenger ships suitable for needs of the Territory, he said
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-12-31
AUTO PRODUCTION
 IN 1947 IS FOURTH
 LARGEST, HISTORY

DETROIT, Dec. 31.-R-Although the nations motorcar makers start ed and stopped their assembly lines repeatedly throughout 1947 because of unbalanced materials, they man. aged to make the year the fourth largest in output volume in their history
 The auto factories came to the year-end today with an indicated United States production of 3,550,- LOO passenger cars and 1,235,000 trucks, and the heaviest volume of replacement parts ever turned out The vehicles and the parts that kept millions of pre-war models on the road had an estimated whole sale value of $8,500,000, 900.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-12-31
Miss Irene Johnson
 And Ray Reed Are
 Married, Ketlhikan

Miss Irene Johnson, daughter of MT. and Mrs. Elmer Johnson of Dexter, Kansas, and MT Ray Reed, son of MT. and Mrs. Ralph Reed of Haverfell, New Hampshire, were married in Ketchikan at pm, Christmas Day. The young couple, who are members of the faculty of the Douglas High School, returned to Juneau on Saturday and were given surprise reception at the Eagles Club in Douglas last eve ming.
 The couple was married at the Community Methodist Church in Ketchikan with the Rev. William Cox performing the service. They were attended by MT. and Mrs. Jeff Snyder.
 Mrs. Reed arrived in Douglas in September and is instructor in Eng fish and commercial subjects. MT Reed is teaching science for his sec- ond year and is coach for the Doug las High Huskies and Mikes team
 Following the basketball game in Douglas last night, when Mikes team were victorious over Darnells MT. and Mrs. Reed were invited to the Eagles Club where a surprise reception awaited them. The re- ception was arranged by members of Mikes team and their wives Many presents were received by MT and Mrs. Reed
 They will make their home in Douglas.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-12-31
TEMPERATURES IN EAST NOW RI5ING;;
 SNOW IS MELTING
tBy The Associated Press)

Sub-zero cold prevailed in the Da- kotas and Montana today, but in the New York-New England area tenn peratures were rising after cold snap.
 A 25-mile- hour wind uShered the cold into Montana and North Dakota, driving the temperature down to 25 degrees below zero at Pembina, N. Dak., at 5:30 a. m (CST) today. The cold was moving eastward across the country, and less severe effects were expected to be felt to the south, with lower tenn peratures predicted for Wisconsin, Missouri, Iowa, Kansas and Ne praSka.
 As the thermometer rose in the East, some melting of the giant snow which covered New Jersey eastern New York and portions of New Eng land was expected in the southern part of the area. Non-essential trucks and passenger cars were bar red from the streets in New York City to aid in clearing the 25.8-inch snowfall. Buses were still hampered, but other public transportation was almost noraml. Occasional rain or sleet was forecast for today.
 Fair weather for almost all of the New Years bowl football games was predicted. Some chance of rain was seen for the Cotton Bowl at Dallas and the Delta Bowl at Memphis
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-12-31
The W ashington Merry Go Round
By ROBERT s. ALLEN Substituting for Drew Pearson

WASHINGTON = The Russians can be very frank at times, and oh, so secretl at other times. l caught one in a frank mood the other day, however, and he surpris- ed me by confessing that Russia had just about lost the cold war"
 The diplomat, who was of high rank, probably let his hair down because he was talking to another ambassador. I think he was tell ing the truth. At any rate, he list ed three basic errors made by Moscow They were:
 1. The belief that the USA would lace wide unemployment and economic collapse soon after the war. The Politburo expected this would enable them to point to the United States and tell European nations: You see what sham American capitalism is"
 2. MOScOW'S mistaken belief that the Frenchmen and Italians who Hooked to Communist banners after VIE Day were real Communists.
 3. The anti-American campaign staged by Molotov and Vishinsky
 This diplomat reported that Sta lin and his associates still believe the United States is on the verge of collapse The Soviet Embassy in Washington hasn't been able to convince them otherwise though I suspect that the Embassy staff have been too fearful of their own neck to try very hard.
 The Politburo also still thinks that American collapse would pre- vent wholesale aid to western Flu rope under the Marshall Plan, and that American unemployment will soon make American manufacturers plead with Russia for large orders from the Soviet Union to keep U s. factories going.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-12-31
ALEUTIAN TAXES "A PERSONS TO SEWARD
 TUESDAY AFTERNOON

The steamer Aleutian sailed for Seward at 1 o'clock yesterday after noon with 24 passengers boarding at Juneau, Is of them patients being removed from the Government Hos pital to the Seward Sanatorium. The ship will be back in Juneau at 8 o'clock Sunday morning.
 Passengers from Juneau to Sew ard are. Willie Kapjohn, Robert Keghector, Michael Rice, Andrew Pete, Edwin Rathl. Raymond David, Elizabeth Olson, Tinia Olson, Mary Jean Haaf, Carolyn Haaf, Lena Evans, Elizabeth Wallinger Carolyn Peterson, Jean Peterson, Ann Lev shokoff, Verna Shargin, Nina Nich- oli, Arelene Jacobs, Mrs. Bertha Smith, Dorothy Lawrence. Julia Marine, the Rev. E. Baker, Clyde E. Barnette, Gladys M. Barnette.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-12-31
FIVE AIRMEN STILL MISSING IN ARCTIC
2-29 Bomber Meets Disaster terNearAnchorage
TAX SITUATION I5 EXPLAINED
 BY ANALYSIS

WASHINGTON, Dec. 31 - LR- Increased government spending and decreased revenues during the next fiscal year may result in shrunken budget surplus of as little as $2.500,- 0o0, 900 compared with this years prospective $6.00o. 100000, govern ment analysts said today.
 The result would be far less lee way for reducing the public debt and cutting income taxes than has exist ed during the current fiscal year ending June 30
 The analysts who made the fore cast explained it this way:
 1. The administration hopes to reduce domestic spending, but it's plans for foreign aid would run the total government outlay to around S39 ,5GO, 100000 for the l949 fiscal year compared with S37,000, 900 900 to S37, 500, 900 900 this year
 2. Meanwhile, even without cut in taxes, revenues would drop from well over 0O0,OOO,00O this fiscal year to perhaps as low as $42, ,000,- 900 900 next year as declines in in comes from such sources as surplus property sales offset possibly higher tax receipts.
 These figures, which mirror the situation confronting President Truman as he prepares his budges for submission to Congress in nid- January, could be altered sharply by Congress.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-12-31
New Years Messageby
 President

WASHINGTON, Dec 31. - R = President Truman said today he is looking forward confidently to world peace upon which all nations can agree.
 In a New Years message. the President said this hope includes proper development of the United Nations which he says offers hope to the world.
 MT Truman said he has every faith in the work of the United Nations and that neither the Unit ed States nor any other nation can afford to abandon it's task for a workable world peace"
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-12-31

 HURLING
 CHARGES
DeCIa res U. 5. Caused Breakdown of Mini
 sters' Conference

LONDON, Dec. 3l.-lR- Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav M. Mclotov threw the blame for the collapse of the London Foreign Ministers conference on the Uni ted States today and declared that only the efforts of the Russian delegation kept the conference from being entirely fruitless.
 His statement, given to the Rus sian Press in Moscow at a news conference and broadcast by the Moscow radio, was largely an echo of what he said at the Big Four meeting in London, which ended on December 15, after IT sessions without agreement.
 He charged that the American delegation undertook to disrupt the entire work of the London dele gation" because for some reason" the United States on December l9, blamed Molotov for the failure of the London conference, assert ing that the Russians displayed mo apparent will to reach settle ment."
 Although Molotov agreed that the London conference was a failure, he denied that it was fruitless.
 Molotov suggested that Ameri- can policy in Europe was dictated by fear that Germany will re-es- tablish herself as an effective com petitor in world markets, in which American monopolies and their af- filiates in Europe are seeking to dictate their will
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-12-31
DISAPPEARS 2 MINUTES
 AFTER HOP
Pilot Reports "0ne Engine Out, Stand by, then
 BIinding Flash

ANCHORAGE, Alaska, Dec. 31.- lP-An Air Force B-29 with nine aboard apparently met disaster two minutes after leaving Elmendor1 Field on a routine long range weather observation flight shortly after midnight today, and field authorities said a search would be concentrated in the area where a "blinding flash" was seen.
 The big plane took off at 12;l1 a. m. t5:ll a. m. Eastern Standard Time on a routine mission to the San Francisco Bay area.
 At 12::33 the pilot radioed the fields control tower:
 No. engine out. Stand by
 "Blindfng Flash"
 A few seconds later, the Public Relations officer reported, person. mel in the tower saw "blinding flash"
 There has been no contact with the plane since that time. Aer- ial observation attempts have been thwarted by steadily falling snow.
 Diss.s.cr -iN .ss believed to have struck the plane over the Lost Lake and Point Mckenzie areas, directly west of Anchorage.
 It is the second B-29 crash in Alaska within eight days. An ether on a long-range navigation training mission crashed in isolated Northwestern Alaska Dec. 23 and two crew members, believed dead, are still being sought. Six crew
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-12-31
NO ACTION TAKEN;
 LIQUOR LICENSES

Judge George w. Folta conducted a hearing in U. s. District Court here today on the 1948 liquor license application of Frank Kardanoff for the Occidental Bar and listened to several witnesses testify on Kardan- offs behalf.
 The witnesses included Territorial Attorney General Ralph J. Rivers and former District Judge Simon B. Hellenthal. Judge Folta took the case under advisement.
 There was no action taken, also, on other pending applications.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-12-31
DEMANDS OF BRITAIN

NEW YORK, Dec. 31-tREAn- drei A. Gromyko. Soviet represen- tative to the United Nations, call ed on Britain last night for prompt admittance to Palestine of the U. N special commission set up to supervise partition of the Holy Land.
 The Russian official in speaking at a dinner of the American com- mittee of Jewish writers, artists and scientists, said it was reported the British planned not to admit the U. N. commission until Brit ish troops are withdrawn from considerable areas-May 1 or June i, 1948"
 Such a situation cannot be con- sidered as normal" Gromyko said
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-12-31
STOCK QUOTATIONS

NEW YORK, Dec. 31. = Closing quotation of Alaska Juneau mine stock today is 35s, American Can 8O1a, Anaconda 34, Curtiss- Wright 42s, International Harvester 39, Kennecott 483l, New York Central AZ, Northern Pacific 20b, U. s. Steel 78ia, Pound $403h.
 Sales today were 1,540,000 shares.
 Averages today are as follows: h. dustrials, 18ll6; rails, 5248; utili- ties, 33.40.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-12-31
kIWAMI5 HAVE JOKE
 FEST AT MEET TODAY

President Ed Smaller of the Xii wanis Club presided at the meeting today for the last time as Gene vuille, President Elect, will take up the gavel next week.
 At today's meeting, Program Chairman Larry Parker had an ex- tra special program mapped out. Each member was given joke to read. and anyone who could top the Parker specials, told their own fay- orites
 At the next meeting on January T, committees for the coming year will be announced.