davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-06-24
Pepper Says Labor Bill Passage
Will Help Third Party Move

administrators part Of the Demo-
cratic Party the labor party for
1948.
Senator Byrd, who had urged the
President to sign the bill, noted
that Mr.. Truman pulled only slim
majority of the Senate Democrats
along with him on the issue. The
President got only minority sup
port from his own party when the
House overrode the veto last Friday
by vote of 33I to SO.
Aiken Fears COP Setback.
There was q dispute about the
political effect Of the vote on the
Republicans, too.
Senator Aiken, Republican, Of
Vermont, told a reporter that las Of
today I think the Republican Party
has lost the rank and file labor
vote"
"It has a chance to recover some
Of it if it will act In the next Con-
gress to amend some Of the laws
Objectionable features before the
1948 election" Senator Aiken added.
The Vermonter said that on the
strength Of promises from party
leaders that such amendments
would be undertaken, he voted to
override the Presidents veto,
Senator Ives, Republican, OF New
York said he doesn't agree that the
rank and file labor vote is lost to
the Republicans. Conceding that
union leaders are not likely to alter
their opposition to the bill, Senator
Ives said he thinks union members
will make up their own minds when
they see how 1t operates.
Evening star., 1947-06-24
Van ArkeI, Counsel for NLRB,
Quits, Calling Law UnWork0ble
Agrees With Trumon
Veto Message on
Toft-HortIey Act

Gerhard P. Van Arkel resigned as
general counsel of the National
Labor Relations Board late yester-
day, declaring that he has grave
doubts concerning both the work.
ability and fairness" Of the new
Taft-Hartley labor law.
Mr.. Van Arkel said he felt that,
under the new law, he could not
administer the duties Of the office.
He gave his viewpoint in his let
ter Of resignation, sent to Chairman
Paul M. Herzog of the board. and
to its members, John M. Houston
and James j. Reynolds, jr. The let
ter was as follows:
Gentlemen:
"I feel that should not be can
didate for the new post of general
counsel set up by the Taft-Hartley
bill. I agree with President Tru-
mans views, so ably expressed In
his veto message concerning this
legislation. the Congress which
passed the bill is entitled to have a
post as important as that OF the
new general counsel filled by some
one who would not start, as should,
with grave doubts concerning both
the workability and the fairness Of
this act.
Since also feel that this would
be true of any other position which
might occupy with the board, 1t
seems wiser to resign any position
with it. I cannot sufficiently express
my gratitude for your unfailing CO.
operation and courtesy and I deeply
regret the severance Of pleasant re-
lations with yourselves, the board
staff, and employer and union at
torneys. If you so desire shall Of
course be glad to continue in my
present position until successor is
available.
with every wish for your sue
cess in your arduous new duties, SIN
cerely,
Gerhard P. Van Arkel."
Evening star., 1947-06-24

Mr.. Van Arkel said last night he
"hated to leave" because he enjoyed
his association with the organiza-
ton. He said he had no immediate
plans for the future.
Mr.. Van Arkel joined the board
In February, 1895. During the next
few years, he served in various legal
capacities, and in 1912 was assistant
general counsel in charge Of the
boards enforcement section.
In December Of that year, he
Joined the ONCE of Strategic Serv-
ices, serving in its Labor Section
Office. He spent three years with
OSS in the Mediterranean, Europe
and North Africa, mobilizing the
resources of international labor
unions in behalf of the Allied war
effort.
He rejoined NLRB as assistant
general counsel in charge OF the
Review Section in 1945, and on June
20, 1916, was appointed general
counsel, succeeding David A. Morse,
who became assistant secretary of
labor.
Evening star., 1947-06-24
Rivals for President
OF Newspaper Guild
Wage Hot Campaign
By The Asseeiafsd Prsss

I. 1l y
SIOUX CITY, Iowa, June ~
Three leading candidates In = race
for president Of the American
Newspaper Guild, CIO, stepped up
their campaign efforts today.
Milton Murray, president for the
last six years, is faced with many
delegations sent here with instruc-
tion to oppose him and his political
associate, Secretary-Treasllrer VIII
liam Rodgers.
In the field against Mr.. Murray
are Harry Martin of Memphis and
Willard Shelton Of Washington.
Some delegates who are COM
mitted against Mr.. Murray--such a
those from New York and WASH
ington-haye not yet made it known
whether they will support Mr.. Mar
tin, Mr.. Shelton or some other
candidate to be nominated.
The union had set Friday for the
voting to narrow the field to two
candidates, one Of whom will be
elected by the membership In mail
balloting next fail.
Dissenting between the two, top
officers of the guild has been laid
in the lap of the convention for 4
decision. These officers are Sam
EubankS, executive vice president,
and Mr.. Murray.
In speeches yesterday, MIR. MUIR
ray and Mr.. Eubanks accused each
other Of seeking control Of the
union.
The convention expected to dis
pose Of one issue late today-the
long argued question Of whether to
make the presidency full-time job.
The delegates are scheduled to
hear a speech tonight by Nat r..
Howard Of the Cleveland News,
president of the American Society
Of Newspaper Editors.
Evening star., 1947-06-24

emergencies, like o coal stoppage;
the ban on jurisdictional strikes and
secondary boycotts (where a union
strikes to prevent firm from doing
business with another concern) with
the employer permitted to sue for
damages in both instances; viola
tions of contract can be taken to
court; unions dues cannot be de-
Quoted from paychecks without
authorization Of the employe, and
union welfare funds cannot be set up
unless administered jointly or by
the employer and unless the funds
conform to other rules laid down
in the law.
Changes Due in so Days.
The changes which take effect in
go days in the main apply to the
National Labor Relations Board and
its new activities; Some Of the
changes are:
Prosecution of unions for unfair
labor practices (under the Wagner
Act only employers could be held as
unfair /; new curbs on political activ-
tiles of unions; establishment Of the
new, enlarged NLRB to administer
the law; the ban on new closed
shop agreements, the requirement
that employees may hire only union
members.
Establishment Of the new and in
dependent conciliation and media
tion service also will take place in
so days.
Supervisory workers or foremen
lose their status as employees under
the new act. They may belong to
unions, but there is no compulsion
on management to bargain with
them. Broadly, those employees who
have the right to hire and fire are
affected.
Study of Contracts Urged.
Provisions of the new law will be
described in detail in later articles,
but all employers and unions whose
activities could be held to come un-
der the heading of interstate COM
merce are advised to examine their
contracts for possible changes.
AS was said earlier the precise ef-
feet of the new law will not be
known for a long time.
BY and large, Federal officials do
not believe the new law will disturb
materially long standing good rela-
tions which have been enjoyed by
the bulk of American employers and
unions. 81.
But, there may be. and probably
will be, new upheavals In that large
segment Of industry and labor which
has not learned to live together In
peace.
Evening star., 1947-06-24
High Court Ruling on PetriIIo
Clears Way for House Probe

for the number OF men q station
may be required to hire.
Justice Black wrote that more
precise language might have been
used by Congress but none occurs
to us nor has any better language
been suggested effectively to carry
out what appears to have been the
congressional purpose"
Mr.. Petrillo also contended the
act denies equal protection Of the
law to radio broadcasting employees
as class. On that point the court
held:
'It is not within our province to
say that because Congress has pro-
hibited some practices within its
power to prohibit it must prohibit
all within its power"
Pieketing Not Prohibited.
Mr.. Petrillo contended further that
the statute abridges freedom OF
speech by making peaceful picket
ing q crime.
at Is important to note" Justice
Black said, that the statute does
not mention picketing, peaceful OF
violent. The proposed application
of the statute to picketing, there
fore, does not derive from any
specific prohibition. = Rather Il
comes from the information's charge
that respondent attempted to compe
the license. to hire unneeded EN-.
ployes by placing a picket in from
Of the place OF business. -"
A fourth Petrillo contention was
that the statute as sought to be ap-
piled to him violates the Thirteenth
Amendment against slavery and in
voluntary servitude.
1--WE consider the Thirteenth
Amendment question only with
reference to the statute on its face,
Jsutice Black said. Thus consid-
cred 1t plainly does not violate the
Thirteenth Amendment. Whether
some possible attempted applica-
ton of it to particular persons In
particular sets Of circumstances
would violate the Thirteenth
Amendment is q question we shall
not pass upon until 1T Is appropri-
ately presented"
Law Called "Indefinite."
Justice Reed in the dissent argued
that the law is too indefinite In
it's description of the prohibited
act to support information or in
dictment for violation Of It's provi-
sions."
In the other case In which the
court struck down q plan by Mr.
Petrillo to place liability for pay
ment of social security taxes or
operators Of bathrooms instead o1
leaders of bands, the musicians heac
had ordered union members in sign.
ing up for engagements to use only
q form of contract which describe.
the ballroom operator as the en-
ployer. The contract describes tn,
musicians, including their leader
as employees.
Justice Reed delivered the courts
6-3 decision. Justice Douglas wrote
dissent in which Justices Black
and Murphy concurred.
Evening star., 1947-06-24

Just as there were of the Wagner
Act and similar statutes.
4 Unions already are preparing to
test the new law at almost every
turn. They will do this by deliber-
ately violating provisions OF the act.
inviting court action.
1t has been said the law is a gold
mine for lawyers. This would ap-
pear to be so. The Taft-Hartley
Act is a most complex document,
and it will take some time to deter
mine everything that is in it as well
as for Interpretation OF effect OF the
various provisions.
| The Federal Government-both
the Executive and judicial branches
are brought into labor relations as
they never have before.
| The Wagner Act, passed in 1885,
placed restrictions on and gave re-
sponsibilities to employers In deal
ing with their employees. The new
! law, which amends the Wagner Act
at score of places, restricts the ac-
tivities of workers and their unions.
It was Congress intention to equal
ize the positions of employer and
employe before the law. Whether
Congress succeeded must be deter
mined later when the various ad-
ministrative and court rulings are
made.
In an administrative way the new
law will make important changes in
/ Government labor agencies.
/ The National Labor Relations
Board will be an even more impor-
tant agency and must be expanded
greatly to carry out its new duties.
The board itself will be expanded
from three to five members.
Then the law splits the prosecut-
ing and judicial functions OF the
board.
The prosecuting function is given
over to the board general counsel.
He will serve as advocate for both
employer and employe He will de-
eide just which complaints are
worthy of the boards review and
will be in charge of enforcement OF
a host of dos and don't which the
act sets forth.
It has been said, and probably
with correctness, that the new
NLRB general counsel will be the
most powerful man in labor rela-
tions in the country. virtual czar
within provisions of the act. In q
way the functions Of the board
itself are subordinated to him.
Independent Cancellation Agency.
Another important change here
is that the Cancellation Service is
taken out of the Labor Department
and established as q separate
agency. Its functions will be the
same as at present-the settlement
of labor disputes.
Congress felt that the concilia-
tors should be above suspicion of
partiality to either management or
labor. So long as the service was in
the Labor Department, 1t was held,
there always would be that sus-
picion.
i Some provisions of the new law
went into effect Immediately after
the Senate, following action of the
House, passed the bill over Presi-
) dent Truman's veto. The remain
) ing provisions take effect 90 days
from re-passage.
; Main provisions which are In
effect now include:
/ Machinery for trying TO prevent
. strikes which would cause national
Evening star., 1947-06-24
Labor RoIICuII
From Yesterdays Last Edition.
By the Associated Press

From Yesterdays Last Edition.)
By the Associated Press
+ Ths Dote by Which the Senate
operrode President Trun,Gn's Deto
OF the Tntt-Hartley labor bill
fttoo-thirds majority required to
operride)::
For Overriding-=6s.
Republicans for-Aiken, Baldwin
Ball, Brewster, Bricker, Bridges,
Brooks, Buck, Bushfield, Butler,
Cain, Capehart, .Capper, Cooper,
Gordon, Donnell, Dworshak, Ecton,
Ferguson, Flanders, Gurney,
Hawkes., Hickenlooper, Ives, Jenner,
KEN, Knowland, Lodge, Mccarthy,
Martin, Millikin, Moore, Reed, Rev.
ercomb, Robertson, Of Wyoming
Saltonstall, Smith, Taft, Thye,
Tobey, Vandenberg, Watkins, Wher-
ry, White, Wiley, Williams, Wilson
and Young (48).
Democrats for: Byrd, Connally,
Eastland, Ellender, Fulbright
George, Hatch, Hoey, Holland, May
bank, Mcclellan, McKellar, O'Conor,
O'Daniel, Overton, Robertson of Vir-
ginia, Russell, Stewart, Tydings and
Umstead (2O.
Against Overriding-25.
Republicans against -Langer
Malone and Morse (3).
Democrats against B Barkley
Chavez, Downey, Green, Hayden
Hill, johnson of Colorado, John
ston of South Carolina, Kilgore,
Lucas, Magnuson, McCarran, Nc
Farland, McGrath, Mcmahon, Muir
ray, Myers, OMahoney, Pepper,
Sparkman, Taylor and Thomas OF
Oklahoma (22).
Not voting, but announced
against overriding - Thomas of
Utah and Wagner, both Democrats.
Senate membership-95.
Evening star., 1947-06-24
HouseG. 0. P. 10 Seek
Speedy Passage Of
Anii-PoI Tax Bill
BY The Associated Press

Partly to get even with South
ern Democrats who helped kill
their tax bill, the Republican
leadership today crammed an
antipoll tax bill onto the House
schedule for passage this ses-
sion.
Chairman LeCompte Of the House
Administration Committee got the
go" sign from COP leaders. He
told reporter hearings Will begin
next week and . bill viii be ap-
proved In plenty OF time for House
action before Congress quits around
the end OF July.
Two Republican chiefs who asked
that their names not be used said
the bill definitely viii be passed.
Republicans traditionally have
gone along with the idea Of out
lawing payment of poll taxes as a
requirement for voting in Federal
elections.
Revenge" Is Hinted.
But Representative Lands, Re-
publican, of Indiana, said there is
something else behind the plan now.
Since some of the Southerners
opposed us on taxes, the idea is to
put 'em on the spot" he told news
men. And If the Senate had not
overriden the labor bill veto. we
probably would have got out an anti
lynching bill"
It was by two-vote margin that
the House upheld President Tru-
mans tax veto and killed the COPS
$4, 900 900, 600 reduction bill last week.
And OF the six Democrats who sup
ported the bill originally but
switched to Mr.. Truman's side on
the veto vote, five are, from the
South.
They are Representatives Fisher,
of Texas, Hendricks, of Florida, Nc
Millen of South Carolina and RAN
kin and Wilmington, of Mississippi.
The sixth is Representative O'Toole,
OF New York.
Bill Could Boomerang.
Mississippi, Texas and South Car
olina have poll taxes that would be
affected by congressional action. SO
do Alabama, Arkansas, Tennessee
and Virginia.
A campaign to pass an antipoll
tax bill could boomerang on the.
should it arouse the
Southerners sufficiently. A sizeable
bloc Of Southern Democrats has
been supporting Republican-backed
bills. Their voting power could be
in close fights.
The House several times In the
past has okayed bills to outlaw the
poll tax, but they have been stopped
in the Senate. There still are
enough Southern Democrats in the
Senate to stage q marathon fill
buster.
So Senate action this session Is
unlikely.
Evening star., 1947-06-24
Overriding of Veto Takes
Top Spot in London Press

LONDON, June "A P.-The
British press from right to the left
today reported congressional. over
riding of President Truman's veto
of the Taft-Hartley Labor Act in
such terms as "vindictive" and
slave labor"
Almost unanimously, they said the
law probably would be ineffective
In stopping strikes.
The action of what the conserva-
tive Daily Mail called "a rebel
Senate" displaced American aid
for-Europe developments rs the No.
l story in two of London's three
afternoon papers.
Evening star., 1947-06-24
BY the Assoeiotsd Press

Enactment of the Taft Hartley
labor law over President Tru-
mans veto brought disputed
predictions today of third party
movement and possible Repub-
lican loss of the organized labor
vote.
Senator Pepper, Democrat, of
Florida told a reporter he thinks
tremendous impetus" was given the
fledgling third party movement by
the Senate's 68-to-25 votes yester-
day smothering Mr.. Truman's veto.
Political history has been written
here" Senator Pepper declared.
Congress has done more than
Henry Wallace ever did to give life
to third party.
Pepper to Remain a Democrat.
I'VE have seen a demonstration
that neither party can muster a
majority In Congress for liberal
proposals.
Nobody but intellectual liberals
has been interested in third party
up to now, but if the working people
feel that their rights aren't going to
be protected they may make third
party movement a vital affair"
Senator Pepper, one of % Demo-
Gratis who voted to sustain the Pres
ident's veto, said he will remain a
Democrat in any event.
Senator Byrd, Democrat, OF Viz
ginia, one of the 20 Democrats who
cast their ballots against the veto,
said he thinks the President has
succeeded in making at least the
Evening star., 1947-06-24
Is Coal Miners Killed
In Chilean Cos Explosion
BY the Assoeioted Press

SANTIAGO, Chile, June "a
Thirte miners were killed, two
others were missing and 28 were In
jured seriously in a gas explosion
yesterday in a coal mine at Lota in
Southwestern Chile, the Interior
Ministry said last night.
The ministry said rescue squads
recovered 13 bodies and were at
tempting to locate the missing men
believed trapped in q shaft Of the
Colcura working Of the Compania
Carbonifera e Industrial. Twenty
eight other miners escaped without
injury.
Evening star., 1947-06-24
Berwyn Man Will Head
County Election Bourd

Alexander L. Buscher of Berwyn
is the new president Of the three
man Board Of Election Supervisors
for Prince Georges County, 1t was
learned today.
He succeeds Samuel A. Wyvill,
publisher of the Upper Marlboro
Enquirer Gazette weekly newspaper,
who refused reelection because of
Ill health.
Evening star., 1947-06-24
Newton
Continued From First Page. J

tional strikes (confiicts between
unions as to which will do certain
work.. NLRB in the past has
held the industry as not in inter-
state commerce.
The effect of the new law on the
operations of industries and unions
will be uncertain for months, and
In some phases perhaps year or
more.
There viii be court tests on con-
otttutionsl grounds and otherwise
Evening star., 1947-06-24
Labor
Continued From First Page.)

"a, 900 900 but the Senate agreed tx
$4,974, TOO.
Senator Ball, Republican, oi
Minnesota, a member of the Ap-
preparations Committee as well al
the Labor Committee, said the
board will get whatever 1t needs
to carry out its added responsible
ties"
All of these Senators predicted
too, that Congress will back up with
all the money 1t needs the new
Federal mediation agency created
by the legislation.
Time Is Available.
In both cases the lawmakers have
some time. The Wagner Act revi-
sions, such as the ban on the closed
shop, do not 60 into effect for GO
days. The new mediation setup will
start operating in 80 days.
But another major provision Is In
effect now. This. authorizes the
Government to obtain s0-day in
functions to block or stave of ma
tional emergency strikes.
Senator Taft reiterated, however
that he Is not sure this section will
accomplish its purpose in the event
of coal strike next month when the
Government turns the bituminous
pits back to private operators.
The Ohioan said it is open te
question whether the Government
could force the miners to remain
at work for a new employer" with
whom they have no contract.
Setback for Truman.
The overriding Of the labor bill
veto is the first major setback TO,
Mr.. Truman at the hands of the
Republican Congress.
There was no comment from the
White House. Mr.. Ross said the
President had had his say in his veto
message.
Politically, the reversal is particu-
larly significant, since it represents
an important victory for Senator
a1e, WAACiy AACA3tiOtAC0 AS I'LL rs
pirant for the Republican president
tial nomination in 1948.
The Senate turned q deaf ear to
a final plea by Mr.. Truman for sup
port of his veto. In a letter to
Minority Leader Barkley the Chief
Executive reaffirmed shortly before
the vote my sincere belief that
the act will do serious harm to our
country"
Earlier, Mr.. Truman had said the
measure would "go fsr toward de-
stroying our national unity"
He called 1t . Shocking piece OF
legislation"
But on the anal tally, 4s Repub-
licans and 20 Democrats voted to
override the President. Three GOF
Senators-Morse Of Oregon, LANCER
Of North Dakota and Malone oi
Nebraska-lined up with ~ Demo
Gratis who sought to uphold the veto
Only two Senators-Sparkmsn
Democrat, Of Alabama and Lucas
Democrat, of Illinois-switched their
position Of May Is when the Senate
passed its original bill. Both voted
for the bill then, but went over
yesterday to those in favor of sus-
tanning the veto.
Evening star., 1947-06-24
200 Tuke Virginia Bur Tests

ROANOKE, Va, June "a (P.-
About 200 candidates for licenses to
practice law began two-day exami-
nations before the State Board of
Law Examiners here today.
Evening star., 1947-06-24

Construction Of 955 low-cost dwell
ings has just been started In San
tiago, Chile.
Evening star., 1947-07-13
Public Library
CAMPING
By Mary Linn McClIloch

Readers Adviser. Mount Pleasant Branch
washington Public Library. r.
Getting away from 1t all coulc
be- more of a disaster than a pleas
ure, If one is unprepared for -the
exigencies of camping and outdoor
life. The Public Library suggests
a few books which should increase
your pleasure and diminish the
hazards of such an expedition. Dan
Beard, the founder of the Boy
Scouts, wrote a splendid Book
of Camp-lore and Woodcraft," pro-
fusely illustrated, showing just how
to do everything. wildwood Wis
dom," by Ellsworth Jaeger, for the
amateur woodsman, covers clothing
packing, tents and camp sites; how
the American Indians and from
tiersmen built their shelter, made
fire and followed trails. "A Camp
ing Manual" by A. r. Drought
takes up the business end Of rum
ming a camp, how to organize pro-
grams and train counselors. "Hik-
ing, Camping and Mountaineering,
by Roland Geist, like all Gaul. is
divided into three parts with good
information on equipment. Now
that the groundwork is so well laid
there are books to read on the trail
"One Day on Bette Rock" by Sally
Carrighar, and Our National
Parks by John Muir. There are
newer ones than Muir's on the
Sierras, but 1t is doubtful If any
one has ever had a keener appre-
ciation of the Sierras or has ex-
pressed it so well.