davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-01-04

government that Washington and Lon
don had expressed this final point of
view last October, when 1t became OBJ
vious that any further bilateral negoti-
ations between Ankara and Moscow had
become useless.
The State Department is said to see
in this latest action Of the Soviet
government an indication that Russia
wishes to play up to Britain and ignore
= this coutry, thus creating break of
the common front intended to bring
about an equitable and peaceful solution
Of the Turkish Russian problem.
The United States and Britain sent
simultaneous notes last October con-
cerning their stand on this problem.
1t is also known that both governments
decided to give Turkey all help that
could properly be given to improve her
national defenses. Yet the, Soviet gov
ernment had addressed itself to London
alone, leaving Washington entirely out.
1t is true that Britains delay in send
ing Turkey badly needed materials from
the American stockpile in England has
been interpreted to mean that Britain
wishes to avoid offending Russia
Soon after Mr.. Molotov's departure
from New York there were unoficial
hints from Moscow that Russia was
no longer interested in an immediate
solution Of her dispute with her south
ern neighbor On the basis of these
unofficial hints the conclusion was
drawn that the Soviets had given up
further expansionist policies.
1t Is probable that under these CIR
culnstances the British decided to delay
the sending of defense material to
Izn1ir and Istanbul as a gesture of
confidence In the Soviet's new political
orientation. But when Moscow de-
cided to discuss the matter of the straits
within less than three weeks after the
peaceful hints had been received. the
British Foreign Once decided not to
fall into diplomatic trap, rejected the
Russian note and insisted that any
further talks on the thorny straits
question must take place with all the
signatories of the Montreux treaty and
the United States, which is to replace
Japan in that international agreement.
Evening star., 1947-01-04
What Must Britain Do?

From the Toronto Globe and Mail.
Should Britain take the risk of leav-
ing divided India wide open to Soviet
penetration? Many of Britain's former
critics might now agree that this course
would be q reckless desertion of duty.
But no nation can undertake responsi.
bility without power. II Britain Is to
stay in India, to prevent the calamity
Of war, British police and military
authority there must be reinforced.
Should that happen, the disappointed
leaders of the Indian parties will have
one another to blame. But the Indian
masses, in so far as they know any
thing of what Is happening, may be
inclined to congratulate themselves.
Evening star., 1947-01-04
Man in an Old World

ACCORDING TO new eSLlmaCe luSt
made by Professor Adolph Knopf, a
Yale geologist, the earth is 2,00e
million years old. This is about
twenty times the age previously
thought possible. The sharp upward
revision apparently is justified by
calculations involving uranium and
thorium. These two elements. be-
sides giving us control of the atom,
serve as "cosmic clocks" Eeliably
measuring all the millennia that
have gone by. The average layman
need not concern himself with
complicated technical explanations;
there is enough for him to null over
in the simple fact that his world is
really as hoary as it is.
In its 1000 million years of spin
ning-assuming Professor Knopf's
estimate to be right-the earth GER
tainly has had time of it. Once
there was no life on it other than
algae. Then came some primitive
invertebrate forms, and creatures
like the dinosaurs. The mammals
did not appear until about 100000
years ago, and the latest conner of all
was Homo sapiens. The scientists
tell us he is roughly only a million
years old, or 1000 times younger
than his planet. Despite his relative
youth, however, he has managed to
get into lot of trouble. Although
he has accomplished a great number
of brilliant things from century to
century and from millennium to mil
lennium, his wisdom has not grown
proportionately with his age. He
has let opportunities 60 by; long
ago, somewhere along the line, he
let his society split up; he multiplied,
he learned, he built, he established
cultures and PHILOSOPHERS; he warred
with his environment and triumphed
over 1t. But the one thing he has
yet to do is to triumph over himself,
and stop warning with himself, and
end the misery and the hate that,
have so often tortured him. The
one thing he has yet to do is to
create an order of peace and rea-
sonable happiness in his world-an
order that will last.
No one can say with certainty
whether he will do this now. All one
can be sure of is that he needs to
do it. The "cosmic clocks"-the
uranium, the thorium-are witness
to the earth's tremendous age. They
are witness, too, to the fact that
man has come to know some Of the
darkest and most forbidding secrets
OF Nature. And as the clocks tick,
their ticks are like drumbeats send
ing out persistent alarm, per-
sistent warning, that unless those
secrets are well used Homo sapiens-
IN his millionth year, in his old, old
world-may be at the beginning of
his end. What happened to the
dinosaur can happen to him--and
much sooner than he may care to
think,
Evening star., 1947-01-04
Forty Years In Germany
By George Fielding Eliot

who dream of soviet Germany, extend
ing the power Of Russia to the Rhine
and the Atlantic. But these are hor-
rible illusions, for neither we nor the
Russians could control rearmed Ger
many. The policies of such a Ger
many would be German policies-on
the old familiar model of Frederick,
the Hohenzollerns and Hitler.
The second contingency-the per-
manent division of Germany along the
lines presently established-would be
acknowledgment Of the failure of all
conceptions of q co-operatiye world. 1t
is one thing to say, as we have said.
that we must get on with the JOB Of
economic restoration in our own zones,
since the Russians and French are not
cooperating in the overall job. This
is, as has been proved already, an effec-
tive method OF bringing the virtues OF
cooperation to the more serious atten-
tion of our colleagues. But permanent
division would be the prelude to war.
and to the preparation by each side OF
its share Of the German people for
effective participation in that war.
, Ihe CnlfQ plan--tne complete QlSdIH.
ament Of Germany coupled with eco.
nomic restoration along nonmilitary
lines and long-range program Of po-
Itical education-is the only one which
makes sense. It demands for-power
cooperation, of course. Part Of the
price OF that cooperation is certainly
the maintenance Of adequate military
safeguards against the possibility OF
a German war Of revenge. For America,
that means agreeing to stay on the job
in Germany for at least generation.
There has not been, in recent months,
very much mention of Mr.. ByrneS' pro-
posal that the United States should
by treaty pledge itself to stay in Ger
many for 40 years.
The revival of the 40ryear proposal
at this time, even before the Moscow
Conference convenes, would seem to be
a very sound idea. 1t would be well
received in Paris, 1t would cut the
ground from under certain aspects Of
Soviet criticism of our policies, and 1t
would focus our own attention on the
fact that our job in Europe Is a long
hard pull Of which the end II not yet
anywhere nearly In sight.
Copyright. 1s4eJ
Evening star., 1947-01-04
Endless Choin
From the New York Times.

From the New York Times.
If India can force United Nations ac-
ton on South Africa's treatment Of her
Hindu citizens, South Africa can de-
mand like action against midas treat
rnent Of her own Untouchables. For
that matter, anybody can demand ac-
ton against the United States for "dis-
elimination" against racial minorities,
and against Russia for her treatment
of the Kalmyks, the Crimean Tartars,
the Balts, and many other racial groups
either liq.lidated or deported from their
ancestral grounds Moreover. if the
character of frances government Is
cause for United Nations action, what
about the governments of other totali-
tartan states which are members OF
U. N? 1t is neither good law nor good
statesmanship to attempt the impossible,
or to impose upon the weak what one
wouldn't attempt to impose upon the
strong.
Evening star., 1947-01-04

The question of what to do about the
future of Germany-which is now being
seriously tackled for the first time since
We day--is basically q military quess..
ton.
Sometimes we forget that fundarnen-
tai fact. But the French do not, and
the Russians do not. Nor do the other
European neighbors of Germany. They
have suffered too much at the hands
of invading German armies.
It is difficult, of course, for Americans
and for Britons not to give primary at
tention to the immediate demands OF
economic necessity, at least as far as
our own zones of Germany are con-
cerned. After all, human needs will not
wait upon lengthy negotiations; nor can
increasingly critical legislators be in
duced. to 60 on appropriating the public
funds for German maintenance unless
attention is given to the problem OF
putting the Germans back to useful work
so that eventually there shall be some
prospect of their earning their own
living again.
It should be equally clear that policy
of economic reconstruction Of Germany
is dangerous to the last degree unless
it is coupled with policy OF political
re-orientation which is directed toward
making the German reople-at least IN
the next generation-safe to live with
in an orderly and peaceful world.
Considered from the military-that
is, the fundamental-point Of view, there
are three possibilities for the future OF
Germany:
a. German resurgence as an inde-
pendent military state.
f2) The division of Germany between
the Soviet Union and the western ma
tions, thus establishing military and
theological frontier through the center
of the country.
t3) The complete demilitarization OF
Germany and its establishment as an
unarmed buffer state"-a veritable mil
itary yacuum-between the eastern and
western parts Of Europe.
The first contingency Is the one OF
which the French are afraid, and it Is
one to be avoided at all costs. There are
certainly those in this country and
Britain who In their Tear and folly
dream Of rearming the Germans as .
bulwark against 'the red peril" There
are Just a. certainly those in Russia
Evening star., 1947-01-04
Red Tide in South America

Communism in the Latin Ameri-
can nations has long been a topic
attracting the serious attention OF
informed observers. It's significance
has just been emphasized by the ap-
pearance of a series of articles in
the New York Times. written by its
staf1 correspondent, w. H. Lawrence,
after e four month tour by air
throughout South America. What
this trained observer has to report
does not make pleasant reading.
Yet, perhaps just because Of that
fact, it should be seriously pondered.
Mr.. Lawrence finds that Commu-
nism is spreading rapidly throughout
the southern continent. No country
there is without its aggressive Com
munist movement, and those move
ments are organically co-ordinated
with each other and follow overall
directives from Moscow, albeit the
precise mechanism Is not avowed.
Communist strategy and tactics in
South America follow the pattern
already familiar elsewhere in the
world. Every grievance, personal,
class or sectional, is sedulously fos-
tered; discomfort with the existing
order is systematically infiamed, and
the most diverse hopes are held out
for realization under a Communist
dispensation.
Unfortunately, South America is
fertile field for such propaganda;
because political, economic and social
abuses are rife there, and sweeping
reforms of those abuses within the
framework of liberal democracy have
long been overdue. What the Com
munists do is exploit those legiti-
mate grievances and turn them to
the attainment of their totalitarian
ends.
What is especially disconcerting to
Us is the way traditional suspicious
and resentments against the United
States in South America have been
broadened into an theological cult
of antagonism to everything we do
or do not do, not only in Latin
America but anywhere in the world.
The United States is Systematically
represented as the archenemy of
everything liberal or progressive,
while, conversely, the Soviet Union
is portrayed as the hope Of mankind.
Here, again, we discern the general
Communist cline" throughout the
globe. Another familiar Communist
technique Is the creation Of all sorts
of front" organizations, including
"Pan Slav" movements recruited
Evening star., 1947-01-04

Blames Progressive Education
To the Editor Of The Star:
Two facts stand out in relation to
the public schools of this Nation: /,
about one-third of the teachers have
quit, and another third would quit to-
morrow II they could find anything
else giving them equal security. 2,
from all sides there are complaints tnat
our youngsters graduating from high
schools cannot read, write or figure.
We are told in the public press that
teachers need more pay, which GER
tainly is true. But that is not by any
means the only problem Of the teachers
In most school systems the classroom
teachers have been plagued with what
is falsely called the progressive edu-
cation" method. This method acts to
take all authority for the control of
the child away from the teacher, at
the same time not relieving her of full
responsibility for maintaining discipline
in her classroom. It is this method that
largely is responsible for teachers re-
signing and for the nervous breakdown
of those who don't resign. The method
does not accomplish what it is supposed
to. It wrecks the teachers and spoils the
children. E. j. ELLIS.
Evening star., 1947-01-04

where they first arrive from outside
the United States.
Both men have pleaded innocent
to the grave charges against them.
They are entitled to the full pro-
lection of the Constitution which
they are charged with repudiating
and the fair trial guaranteed them
by the Nation which they allegedly
betrayed in time of crisis. And, as
might be expected, they are taking
fullest advantage of these legal
safeguards of their rights.
Evening star., 1947-01-04

among the fairly numerous immi-
grants of East European origin in
some of the republics. This is, Of
course, reminiscent of the Pan
German" propaganda spread in
South America, alike under the en-
pire and during the Nazi Third
Reich" Thus, everything is grist
for the Communist mill.
Evening star., 1947-01-04
Charles Wakefield Goldman

When Charles Wakefield Cadman
first began to release his own COM
positions in 1904 it was considered
necessary to explain that he was a
composer in spite of being an Amer
ican who had not been educated
abroad. The notion that great music
could not have a native development
in the United States, Of course, was
an error of popular judgment, but
it was a very real handicap for a
young artist with grand ideals.
Mr.. Cadman, however. possessed
all the courage he needed. His
earliest attempts to capture the
elemental spirit of Indian harmony
were rejected by all the more i'm
portant publishers. Even when
Lillian Nordica sang "The Land Of
the Sky Blue Water" it was difficult
to find anybody in the industry"
who believed 1t a good investment
risk. The composer sold "At Dawn
ing" for fifteen dollars, and only
the sponsorship of John Mccormack
and the generosity of the owners Of
the copyright brought him an ade-
quate return for his authentic
achievement.
In the field of opera MIR. Cadman
accomplished at least two successes.
,"Shanewis," staged at the Metro"
politan in New York in 1918, was
praised for its graceful lyrical quail
tiles. "A Witch of Salem" which
had its premiere in Chicago in 1925,
likewise was applauded by the pro-
fessional critics. Neither work
reached ordinary audiences, yet each
was marked with creative genius Of
a deserving character.
Mr.. Cadman finally won his best
measure of appreciation with the
operettas he composed for the use of
high school and junior college pupils.
The opportunity to associate on
equal terms with young people when
he himself no longer was young
gave him much happiness. He never
married. His only vocation was his
music. The catalogue of his produc-
tions includes literally hundreds of
titles. Even If nothing but his song
about the captive Indian girl sur
wives, he will be remembered CRATE
fully,
Evening star., 1947-01-04
SIouqhter of the Everqreens

They stood in beauty on the hills,
Ten thousand little sparkling trees,
Whose ruined loneliness ,o,D fills
EGcJ, laden rubbish-truck one sees.
on euery uGcant lot, the slain
Holly and pine and slender spruce
Wiring the beholder's heart pith pain
At ,Dasteful oHeed beyond excuse.
For SCARED and plundered slopes that
bleed,
For trees, unused, that glut the city.
That graced no hearth and filled no
need,
We poice our anger and our pity.
We plead that reason shall attend
Hencetorth the cutting OF the tree
And ruthless slaughter haze an end
Before the ChTistns1ses-to-be.
--INEz BARCLAY KIRBY.
Evening star., 1947-01-04
Congress- Responsibility


To the Editor of The Star:
The culling of rear-rank workers
together with few professional dere-
Lets does not mean thorough house,
cleaning for Government agencies It
may be a good gesture, but 1t falls
far short of what is needed.
The source of the mess" that these
agencies are in lies not with the rear
rank workers, but with the personnel
smoking cigarettes profusely, looking
wise and passing the buck. Reorgani-
cation to bring about better and more
efacient results cannot be left to the
present setup Of that personnel. It
is rather q Job for Congress. And
Congress must ind some new element
that is under no obligation to extend
favoritism and is fearless and will hew
to the line.
Should the Congress fail in its obli-
CATION to do just that, and leave the
job Of reorganizing to the present per-
sonnel that has made such a mess of
1t in the past, the taxpaying public
will know definitely where to place the
blame. . III
A CovEp NINSrNr, xuopvrp
Evening star., 1947-01-04
Boycott Proposed

To the Editor Of The Star:
What merchants fear most is buyers
strike I believe readers should CO.
operate in boycotting one item month.
For January. heartily recommend
the total boycott Of all used cars. OBJ
serve the slogan, Don't buy high"
BERNARD j. COLNER.
Evening star., 1947-01-04

Certain radicals have discovered
that they do not want to be Com
munists. If they live long enough,
they also will discover that they do
not care overmuch about being any
perpetual variety of rebels.
Evening star., 1947-01-04
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

The denial of a Senate seat to Sem
ator-elect Bilbo of Mississippi. Demo-
crat, will not settle the race question,
the contrary, it may intensity that
ISSUE It will on the other hand demon
strate again the power of the Senate
itself to pass on the qualifications of
its MEMBERS power given under the
Constitution, and a power reserved
alone to the Senate.
The denial of a Senate seat may have
the effect Of making this Mississippi
politician martyr in the eyes Of
those in the South who regard him as
a champion of white supremacy" It
certainly would have that effect If the
only charges raised against Mr.. Bilbo
were that he endeavored to keep the
Democratic primary election in his
State a matter for the whites alone.
However, other charges against Mr..
Bilbo are that he accepted gifts and
campaign contributions from war
contractors.
This puts a different aspect on the
Bilbo case in the eyes of Southerners
along with the rest Of the American
people. Indeed, there are Democrats In
the Senate from the South who feel
that Mr.. Bilbo is blot on Southern
democracy--that the issue raised in his
seating or not seating is bound to harm
the Democratic South.
The Southern Senators who have in
sisted that Mr.. Bilbo be allowed to take
his seat without prejudice" have been
forced into that position, however,
largely because the race issue was the
first to be raised in the Bilbo case
raised by persons outside of the South.
They simply cannot and will not, in
most instances, appear to take the side
against those who insist upon white
supremacy in the States with the largest
Negro populations.
The argument is advanced, in the Sen
ate and out, that man should be
seated in the Senate if he presents
himself duly accredited as having
been elected to the Office. To do other
wise, it is argued, is to break down
States rights.
The Constitution provides that each
house tof Congress) shall be the judge
of the elections, returns and qualifica-
tions of its own members" There is no
statement in the Constitution that such
judgment shall not be made until after
a Senator is sworn irr and allowed to
take his seat in the Senate. It does not
make sense to argue that a man, be-
cause he has a certificate Of election,
must be allowed to be made member
of the Senate when he has been charged
Evening star., 1947-01-04
And Possibly Succeeded!

From the Cleveland News.
Next to the operator whose Chicago
housing deal was vetoed by the RFC.
our favorite Is the character who bor-
rowed 5000 to launch . success
magazine,
Evening star., 1947-01-04
Cedar Point Airport Suggested

Cedar Point Airport Suggested
TO the Editor Of The Star:
Now that Annapolis midshipmen are
going to have aviation in their courses,
they must have an airport, but 1t seems
a waste of money to condemn ground
and build an airport at Annapolis when
the Navy already has spent millions
to build the largest and best airport
in the world at Cedar Point, Md, just
a few miles from Annapolis.
The airport to which refer now Is
manned with some of the best flyers in
the Navy. There should be no objec-
tion to nidshipmen mingling with men
who came up from the ranks, If there
is an advantage for the taxpayers in
the mingling. JOHN RTGGLES.
Landover, Md.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1947-11-27
ArmOrsviIle

Mr.. and Mrs. VIM. J. McCafferty
were Sunday evening supper guests
of Mr.. and Mrs. Carl McCafferty
and sons.
Mr.. and Mrs. Clyde Klingler and
son Keith called ON Mr.. and Mrs.
VIM. E. Coldiron and daughters of
Dearborn, Michigan, Sunday after
noon.
Mrs. Rhea McCafferty, Miss Mar
garet Guider were Lima callers,
Monday.
Mr.. and Mrs. c. E. Klingler called
at the Gerald Smith home in Find
lay, Saturday.
Dale Owens and Sarah Oates are
visiting their brother Glen Owens of
New York.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lee Ciauss and
daughters spent Saturday with Mr..
and Mrs Virgil Boyd of near Find
lay.
Mr.. and Mrs. Levi Hauer stein,
Mr.. and Mrs. Wayne SHaues stein,
Mr.. and Mrs Ellis Hauenstein, Mr..
and Mrs. Rawleigh Moser and sons,
Mr.. and Mrs. Norman Sweitzer were
Sunday dinner guests of Ed Vernil-
lion and daughter. ,.
c. E. Klingler called at the Jack
Klingler home, Monday.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1947-11-27
RluftOn Youth Is
On Hi-Y Cabinet

Addison Meyers, high school senior
and cabinet member of the local
Hi-Y, was elected treasurer at the
district meeting of that organization
held in Lima last week. The meet
ing was held in the Y. NJ. e. A. with
all officers of Hi-Y clubs of this
district in attendance. Addison
Myers, Sam Buhler and High School
Principal Gerhard Buhler, adviser,
represented the local group.
Problems peculiar to each office
we're considered IN group discussions
after which a general meeting was
held for the election of district Of
ficers. Bluffton, Kenton, Wapak-
oneta, Bellefontaine, Lima South,
Lima Central, Rushsylvania and Ada
make up the Lima district Hi-Y, a
branch organization of the Y. NJ. c.
A ssss 81
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1947-11-27
Dies At Home Of
Daughter Near Here

Funeral services were held Sunday
in Lima for James r. Bowers, 81, a
native of Columbus Grove, who died
last Thursday afternoon at the home
of a daughter, Mrs. Henry Green,
Route 2, Bluffton.
A retired 3. and o. railroad
engineer, Green had lived in Lima
most of his life.
In addition to the daughter, he is
survived by a sister, Mrs. Myrtle
Core, Conner; four brothers, Floyd
Bowers, Ottawa; Ray Bowers, Co
Iumbus Grove; and G. P. and Carl
Bowers, both of Lima.