davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-23

Turbine power will be applied
to commercial flying some time
between 1850 and 1860, it is pre-
dicted,
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

lures is proving effective in DESTROYING these live
: stock rustlers.
Once weeds are under control, pastures benefit
by lining, fertilizing reseeding with recommended
pasture mixtures, by narrowing or dscing to break
up manure. Few crops give as great return for a
little attention as does grass good starting point
in an improved grass program is to take steps to
control weeds and brush
We-both you and Swift-are interested in max
ing the best use of what we have. 1t has been said
that "a penny saved is penny earned There are
many dollars to be saved by making the most eff
cent use of grass lands. We suggest that you con-
tact your state agricultural college, county agent
or vocational agricultural teacher for further in
formation.
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07
Price balances
supply and demand
There is always demand for meat.
Yes, at some price. But that price is
not determined by the meats cost.

),
by what the consumers willing and able to paw
Tor the meat and by-products. That is something
which must be known and remembered if ono ;s re
understand the meat business
A good many people think that the meat packers
sell meat Tor the cost of the livestock plus expense
plus profit But that is not how meat prices are
made We must sell our meat-because it is perish
able We hope, of course, to sell it at price which
gives us profit But profit loss, we must sell it.
AS our president John Holiness said recentlv eve
seek the price that balances supply and demand
Sometimes this is profitable price; sometimes there
is a loss The records show that, on the average we
make modest profit year by year,
AS for prices paid for livestock they, too are set
by the forces of supply and demand No meat packer
could control them because there is so much com
petition both in buying and selling There are over
1000 meat packers and 20 900 commercial SLAUGHTER
ers competing daily for live
animals M.s;mHsen
Agricultural Research Department
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07
Gangsters i'm the Grass

v
Weeds and brush are gangsters in the grass.
They literally steal your cattle and sheep by re-
ducing the carrying capacity of grazing land or
pastures. They robyour soil of moisture and min
erals. They choke the life out of your grass.
Mesquite and sagebrush in Western range coun-
try are often thieving plants. They're tough and
aggressive The carrying capacity of a hundred
million acres of good grazing land has been greatly
reduced by these two alone. Weeds and brush can
be burned or poisoned, grubbed out with bull
dozers or yanked out with tractors and cables.
Grass thrives again when the brush is gone Then,
cattle or sheep production can be increased some
times as much as 800 o.
From farming states come reports of doubled
beef production per acre of pasture simply by
moving weeds. In dairying sections startling inn
provements in production, flavor, and milk and
cream profits have resulted from cutting pasture
weeds two or three times season. Promising
experimental work is proceeding with 2, 4-D and
other new chemical weed killers. Spraying pas
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07


we have found that by examining the udder of dairy
heifer when she is months old can get good idea
whether or not she will be good milk producer We think
that with little practice farmer learn to Judge
heifer calves the way
Working with our experimental dairy herd at Beltsvie
Maryland first determined by feel the average udder
development of calves Then graded all the hefers as
High, Medium or Low Later checked the grades of
these calves against their milk production as cows
we found fairly close match between the grades of the
calves and the milk production of the cows
Since these results based entirely the study of
animals IN one herd the plan must be rgdy tested for
reliability in other herds where the inheritance for milk
production be at different levels more variable
before 1T can be recommended for practical use
Inc payroll of course, in culling out low pro-
ducers at an early age 1t costs about $125 to raise
hefer to milking Nearly onethrd of the heifer calves
raised turn out to be Improbable cows the method
stands under field tests it appears that this proportion
and the resulting monetary loss be materially reduced
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07


=, mo, Things are not always as they seem. Take
that fence wire, for example The fence maker
pad perhaps 2e pound for the iron You buy
1t as fencing at around II pound That leaves
a spread" of Sc pound between the raw mate
rial and the finished product This spread
covers heat treating, drawing the wire weaving
1t, rolling, and other processes we may not know
about 1t includes also manufacturers profit.
transportation, jobbers' and retailers costs and
profits and delivery to you.
There is also spread between what YOU
producers get for livestock and what you pay
the meat dealer for nest For one tbina pag ~,
average lOOO-pound steer produces only 543
pounds OF meat and 161 pounds of by-products
both edible and inedible. In processing there !,
unrecoveraole WHn shrink and waste of 296 pounds.
we also have the costs of "disassembling'' live
animals into meat, refrigerating, transporting to
market, and delivery to retail stores The
spread covers also retailers costs and profits
plus prott for the meat packer which averages
only small fraction of cent per pound of nrod.
uct handled. - pioo-
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

HORSES FOR SALE-Pair roam
registered Belgian mares three
and five years old, half sisters,
price $4,000 Also one aged
registered Belgian mare, one two
year old roam Belgian gelding,
one farm chuk, pair Sorrel geld
ings five and six years old, Amer
lean saddle horse, sorrel, six years
old and sired by Chief Genius,
also white half blood Arabian
saddle mare six years old. Ed
ward O. Elliott, Mt Victory,
Phone FIT. 4-7-ltS
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

WOULD LIKE a job by the
month on a farm with privileges.
Inquire H. A. Archer, 212 miles
west of Byhalia. 4-7-lts
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

FOR SALE-Vicland oats; Lin
coin soybeans. j. E. Carson, Tel.
5540, | IA miles n. e. New Dover.
Asst
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

FOR SALE-Started chicks, one
to three weeks old, New Hamp-
shire, Rocks, Reds, Barred Rocks,
White Leghorn, and Rhode Island
Red. Perry Spain, Irwin, Phone
Milford Center 9-3559. 3-24-4t*
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

FOR SALE-Bull old enough for
service. Frank Beutell 2 miles
east of Magnetic Springs. 4-7-1tS
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

EGET WATER delivered any line.
Call l.. Fl. Collins. IR-65S~ or Roy
Stone, 8431, MarysvlNe. S-5-tf
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

FOR SALE-Milk route with ~
Dodge truck, with van body, into
Bellefontaine. Ralph Hines, Ph.
ByhaJ.a 800. 3-31-3t*
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

WANTED-Old fashioned parlor
organ, 5 or octaves. Mrs. II. H.
Keyser, Phone FR8-7268, Hill
lizards. 4-3-2ts
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

Registered Herford Bulls
for Sale. Sons or grandsons
of Real Prince 85th. Prices
are reasonable. Cambrian
Farm. Farm Management.
I NJ c.. Irwin. Ohio. Phone
Mechanicsburg l4F2l.
4-7-2t
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

also depend it to be just good as the last time
they bought it. That's why they keep coming back
for Swift products They have every right to expect
uniform nigh quality And it's the job of the quality
Quality Control begins with the livestock and
other raw materials selected by Swift buyers
Next 1T lays down exact written specifications for
the control OF each step in the processing of many
products Finally it sets up strict quality standards
for the finished products
Our Research Laboratories are in twenty-one
cities More than 900 900 exacting tests are made
each year in our Quality Control program Each
test takes time and work But constant testing is the
only way we can be certain that the quality OF Swift
products is uniformly high: This constant Quality
Control not only builds confidence in Swift products
but 1t also helps create steady, dependable market
for the livestock and other raw materials we pur-
chase from producers. permanently successful 6usi-
ness must be grounded the solid foundation of mi
form quality.
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

WANTED-Job on farm or any
kind of labor. Alfred Hoffman,
gen. delivery, Marysville. 4-7-2ts
FOR SALE-Set of French doors,
complete with hardware, used a
short time, just like new; ice
box so lb. capacity, in good
condition. Fred Webster. Clai-
borne. 4-7-1ts
FOR SALE-Five room house,
wired for electric stove, outside
water, 2700. r. E. Lowry, Milford
Center. Phone 9-3213. 4-7-2t%
FARM WORKERS WANTED
Electric and good living condit-
ions. Farm is well equipped. Con-
tact Mr.. Royer, Farm Manage
ment, Inc, Irwin, Ohio. Phone
Mechanicsburg 14F21 4-7-2t
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

WANTED-A chance to bid on
your tin work and spouting. All
work guaranteed. c. j. Mathys,
Raymond, Phone 664. 4-3-26t*
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

FOR SALE-Columbia and Vic
land oats, suitable for seed, 81
a bushel. Richard Simkins, 6 mi.
n. of Marysville on Wolford and
MaSkill road. Its
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

FOR SALE-One hydraulic seat
for John Deere tractor. j. H.
Evans, y mi. w. of Pharisburg
on State route 4. 4-7-1tS
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07
PRODUCERS BENEFIT FROM QUALITY CONTROL

quality Control protects the buyer of
Swift products. 1t also serves the farmer.
For it insists that his products be proc
essed into the best possible consumer
products.
when Mr.. or Mrs. America buys
a Swift product, they expect top quail
ity," says H. S. Mitchell, director of
our Research Laboratories. "They
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07
Judging Producing Ability of Heifer Calves
by w. w. SWEET
Bureau of Dairy Industry
u. S. Department of Agriculture

The results of preliminary analyses of data
obtained by scientists in the Bureau of
Dairy Industry, United States Department
of Agriculture, offer much promise that
dairymen will soon have a new, practical,
money. ey.saving system for judging the future
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07
Things are NOT always as thew seem

Which weighs more? The
cubic foot block of iron, or
those four big rolls of 20"
fence wire? The wire looks
much heavier, but it isn't.
They weigh the same-49I
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

WANTED-Single man to care
for horses and help with farming
Phone 1854. 4-7-1ts
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

FOR SALE-One five year old
Holstein breed COW, weigh 1400
pounds, with nice heifer calf.
Calf is broke to drink. She gave
So pounds of milk yesterday.
Howard Martin, Woodstock, Ohio
3-24-4t
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

FOR SALES piece oak dining
room suite. 814 West Fourth st.
4-3-2t*
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

REFINISHING - Floors
and furniture. NJ. H. Ken
nedy, Phone 1851. 3-10-8t
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

FOR SALE-Good used Westing-
house electric washer with white
enamel double tubs. Good West
inghouse electric sweeper; Black
Beauty Kalamazoo range Black
and cream porcelain, good condit-
ion. Ralph Hardman, on R. 33
first farm in Logan co. E. Liber-
ty. rt. | 4-7-1ts
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

FOR SALE-Cow to freshen by
May Is with second calf Jersey
and Swiss. l Duroc sow, to far
row May | with second litter. c.
d. Mossher, north of Somers-
vile. 4-6-1ts
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

WANTED-Freshman boy wants
steady work of any kind, prefers
filling station of garage work; or
can do farm work. Leroy Kin
near, Box 482, Magnetic Springs.
4-7-1tS
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

FOR SALE-Two SoWs with
eight pigs each, two weeks old
Albert Howard 12 mile south OF
Claiborne. 4-7?-ts
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

FOR SALE-Farmall Fla tractor
on steel. Price $3.50, with cultiva-
tors. George Kavanagh, 3 mi.
Southeast of Byhalia. Its
The Union County journal. [volume] (Marysville, Ohio) 1875-1951, 1947-04-07

FOR SALE-Weaver Piano, good
condition. Call at II Herbert st.
or Phone 4613 Redwood, O. Its
Evening star., 1947-11-09

(see BRANDT, Page c-5.)
Evening star., 1947-11-09

retained private ownership. There undoubtedly have
been and wider strikes under Tory government
Production is increasing slightly and will increase
more but the industry is likely to fall short of its
target of 2OoOOO0Oo tons for 1s47. severe winter
will prevent the government from carrying out its
program under the Marshall plan to start exporting
100000 tons in 1s48 beginning April l. Coal exports
are as good as gold or dollars to Britain.
They Earn Their Pay
Why aren't the miners digging the needed boal?
It Is easy for British Tories and some Americans
to say that if the miners would only work harder for
instance six days week in the old days, there
would be adequate coal stocks Few of the glib advisers
have gone down into the mines, walked through the
low rugged tunnels to watch the crouched, sweating
workers at the shallow coal face breathed the coal
dust heard the explosions and stumbled back to the
pithead. Even Tories agree that miner earns every
shilling he gets. In this region the average pay for
the coal face worker is $31 week. For other under
ground workers 1t is $21.70 For surface workers 1t
is $1S
The National Union Of Coal Miners has demanded
pound week go increase in the minimum under
ground wage, which is five pounds $780, and four
pounds 10 shillings ($18 for surface workers. with
Evening star., 1947-11-09
Marines Study Tomoro1q$ Situation
Methods Are Being Developed Cope With the
Wear of Mass Destruction
(See GILES, Page C-5o

1t is here that the corps is doing
some of its most radical expert
menting.
3 (Close contact. This is hardly
a new idea to Marines. But to
the unconventional weapons such
as tanks, flame throwers, rocket
launchers and recoilless shoulder
artillery the Marine Corps plans to
add a variety of new weapons, still
on the range, in the laboratory and
on the drawing board"
Fighting Leathernecks of the fu-
ture will get their supplies by CON
tinuous' and highly reliable links of
fow" possibly through the air and
possibly by underwater craft.
Polar Warfare Studied
But supplies will come in only as
needed. There viii be no large be-
hind-th lines ammo" dumps.
The Marine Corps is giving plenty
of thought to polar region opera
tions, in view of the strategic value
now placed on Arctic and sub-Arctic
ATTITUDES.
| Parties of Marines have been
! testing clothing, equipment and
operating techniques in these areas.
Cold weather "amphibious exercises
by reinforced battalions are planned
for the near future.
Another change of major signifi-
canoe in the Marine Corps will find
new commandant at the helm on
January l.. Gen. Alexander A.
vandegrift, so years old and four
year boss of the Leathernecks, ends
his tour of duty then and will retire
to the inactive list,
| No successor has yet been named
The >soft-spoken, mild-mannered
general, first commandant in the
history of the corps to wear four
stars, guided the LIST Division in its
smashing attack on Guadalcanal
and headed the first Marine am
tphibious corps In the invasion OF
Bougainville. also in the Solomon
Islands.
He said in an interview that 1t was
time for him ito make room fol
young blood" at the head of the
Marine Corps.
Distributed by the Associated PressJ
Evening star., 1947-11-09

On the eve OF its 172d birthday
tomorrow, a "Minuteman" Ma
rine Corps is cooking up new and
revolutionary methods OF waging its
traditional amphibious warfare.
The modern weapons they will
have to go up against If war should
come-the atomic bomb, guided mis-
siles and other high-potency tools
of war-are forcing the Marines to
make changes in their ideas on how
to conduct landing operation.
Brig. Gen. Ray A. Robinson, head
of the corps plans and policies di-
vision, recalled In an interview a
typical World War II amphibious
operation.
Future Strategy
He said that the picture of
'.massed armadas of transports and
landing craft discharging their car
goes of men and equipment, clus-
tered warships pouring death and
destruction on enemy shore posi-
tions and the crowded beaches piled
high with supplies are becoming
obsolete"
"It would be difficult to imagine
more lucrative military target for
the new weapons of mass destruc-
tion," he added.
To overcome the obstacle of mod
ern weapons, Marines in future
landings may follow plan of oper-
ations something like this:
/. The time during which the at
tacking force is massed together will
be kept as brief as possible. Dis
persion" is the keynote here. Units
must be kept separate and apart
from one another until the enemy
is actually attacked.
2. These separate units will be
brought together with precision tim
ing when the enemy is reached,
whether at beach or inland
8. VERY close" contact will be kept
with the enemy from there on in.
Taking up each of these high
points in turn, here is approx
mately how the next amphibious
operation-if there ever is one
will be run:
/. There probably will be no mass
movement Of troops and supplies
Evening star., 1947-11-09

Thus the Air Force must keep
abreast of every technical develop
ment in new aircraft and, at the
same time, maintain its present craft
in constant readiness for immediate
defense of the Nation.'
A major problem of the Air Force
today is recovery from the demobili-
cation period and Gen. Spaatz be-
lieves that the air arm will be over
the hill after the turn of the year.
An important need of the Air
Force, and for which Congress will
be asked to provide funds next year,
is a long term research and develop
ment program to allow industry,
private research foundations and
educational institutions to properly
plan their stats and facilities.
The modernization and proper
maintenance of equipment and re-
placement of outmoded equipment
also is essential and the Air Force
believes that minimum of 5000
airplanes, should be made available
for operational units and supporting
activities.
A reservoir of trained personnel
is necessary and this is tied in with
the defense establishment demand
for universal military training.
! But perhaps the No. l need of
! the Air Force is a virulent air
craft manufacturing industry-one
that can produce more than the
one third of our minimum required
air strength which is being manu-
factured today.
Production Problem
Three-quarters of the country's
airplane producers lost money last
year. The expected postwar boom
in commercial aviation has fizzled
and the Government must provide
plants which can maintain mini
mum needs and spring into action
in event of an emergency. The
great fear among aviation authori-
/ ties is that We may not have time
in a future war to build up pro-
duction as we did in World War II.
There has been a great deal of
Evening star., 1947-11-09

continuance Of %. Only 1890 men
have been receiving active duty
tours this year. Reserves receive
full pay during these periods Of ac-
tive duty, but no pay for inactive
duty flying.
Turning to the only potential
enemy we have in the world today
it Is we'll to remember that the So
Wet Union still remains predom-
inantly land power and the ira
ditional concept Of the Army as the
most important arm of defense and
ofTense may persist in the future.
However, there have been some
significant changes in the compost
ton of Soviet armed forces in the
last 10 months, according to the
best Government sources.
Last year the total Soviet armed
forces exceeded ours by SO per cent.
Today their numerical superiority
equals 1874 per cent.
In September, 1946, the Russian
Air Force was manned by % per
cent less personnel than the United
States Air Force. Today the So
viets are estimated to employ 33
per cent more personnel in their
air force than we do.
Also Have Jets
Thus, while her relative numer-
ical superiority in total forces has
increased So per cent since the war,
the relative increase of Soviet Air
Force personnel has amounted to
Sc per cent, showing the trend
away from the traditional concept
of air power as an auxiliary arm
to land armies.
While the Soviet suffered eco
nomic and industrial losses of great
proportions during the war, it pos
sesses the capacity to perform radi-
cal and widespread reconstruction.
In 1914 alone Russian factories
produced better than 10000 aircraft
Recently she was estimated to main
tain some $4,000 planes in f1rst-line
combat units, many of them jet
propelled. Last May Russia pa
raded 100 jet fighters over Rec
Square, for instance.
To carry out the essential mis-
Evening star., 1947-11-09
Abstract Idea Too Vague

loss IN the NUMBER OF miners. Be-
ginning in August, the total number
Of men quitting the mines each
month was 1000 more than those
entering the industry. The older
men, because Of increased old-age
pensions. were retiring. The new
and younger men, as soon as they
have been trained, will be more
efficient workers than the old. At
least that is the Coal Boards hope.
A coal face worker, If he will
work the full five days in good
mine, can make as high as Is pounds
$500 a week. Instead of working
the full week. absenteeism at the
coal face in the good" mine has
been running as high as so per
cent on Mondays, but now that
Christmas is coming has dropped
to about 80 per cent. The average
for the whole country is II per cent.
The coal face miners have not
Evening star., 1947-11-09

sion OF protecting the United States
from aggression, a carefully de-
veloped plan was evolved I'd activate
total of 10 air groups and'support-
ing services. This "irreducible
minimum" estimate has been pared
down to 55 active groups and IS
skeletonized units.
The Presidents Air Co-ordinating
Committee told Congress in 1945
that we should have a minimum of
5000 military planes year, if peace
were to be assured. To keep the
planned force at peak strength the
Air Force estimates that it needs
$500 planes annually. The output
last year was 1900 military planes
one-seventy-ffth of our 1914 pro-
duction.
Big Outlay Needed
To maintain and safely operate
the force the Air Force has In mind
would require an annual expendi-
ture of $s,1O0,O00,0OO and the en-
ployment of 664,6o2 military and
civilian personnel.
The Bureau of the Budget reports
that actual overall Government
expenditures this year will total
s37 900 100000, Of which $10,400,0 ,000,-
900 will be for national defense.
The 1948 budget gave $3,310,500, 900
to the Air Force in total direct and
contract appropriations. This COM
pared with 318 billion for the whole
Government and 8.e billion for ma
tional defense.
The Air Force is quick to explain
that Ito remain strong and meet
our obligations, we must maturely
understand that it will be expen-
sive" and points out that 1t cost
more than s3o,0O0,OOO to build the
first B-36. A total of $26, 100000 was
spent for the basic airframes Of the
experimental models of the B-35
! (Flying Wing.
/ Every plane and every engine
which saw combat service during
World War II was on the drawing
board, or in development, prior tc
Pearl Harbor," Gen. Spaatz points
| nlIt