davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-02-02
By Rita Hume

y
lcal shortage list. There are plenty
of ancient taxis, but getting one
Is a feat. Most Madrilene do not
have cars, and it is the custom to
hire taxi for several hours. They
are cheap.
Some Have Plenty Pesetas.
Large and flashy American 1946
cars are not uncommon here. Chro-
MUM plated models display color
schemes rarely seen in the United
States. A dusty rose sedan with a
chocolate colored hood and q. big
lemon yellow touring car are good
examples. Others come in gaudy
greens and blues, and there is a
gray one with fireman red uphol-
stery. Most of these cars are i'm
ported from Mexico, Cuba or some
other South American country.
They are worth five or six times
their value in the States and it is
obvious that some Madrilene have
plenty of pesetas.
The Spanish Caudillo, Generals
simo Franco, does not live in Ma
drid proper but on its outskirts in
the palace of Ell Pardo. This was
founded as royal hunting lodge
by Henry Third in 1890. Franco
stays close to his palace and rarely
sees any members of the foreign
missions.
Madrid is q modern capital laid
out with attractive parks and broad
avenues. One of its famous park
ways, the Castellana, was renamed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-02-02

supported Frances wartime hero,
has completely broken away from
him. Gen. de Gaulle Is now remote
from the active political arena. He
still feels that he is predestined to
save France once more" and, being
something of a mystic, does not
believe that the advice of politicians
would be of any use.
The general is biding his time in
solitude, fully convinced that the
hour is approaching when he must
mount white horse, and, like Joan
of Arc. save France again.
But while Gen. de Gaulle relies
on divine inspiration and assistance,
the Communists, headed by Maurics
Thorez, are rapidly gaining power
by infiltrating into all phases OF
Frances life.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-02-02
Madrid Is Interesting but Expensive

MADRID.-The Grand Via in
Madrid is the show window of
Spain.
Prosperous crowds throng this
main artery of the Spanish capital,
fronted by imposing buildings. It's
cafes and theaters are crowded and
the stores are filled with tempting
merchandise. But the cost of living
here is very high. For the man
in the street. the Grand Via pre-
sents a false facade.
Life is expensive even by Amer
lean standards. For a visitor en-
titled to the 1910 peseta rate to
the dollar. a cup of coffee costs
Is cents. For regular American
residents who receive the official
1890 rate to the dollar, the same
cup is about 80 cents. ,.s
Madrid has an acute housing
shortage. The population expanded
greatly following the civil war.
Shortages of material have prevent
ed building from keeping pace with
the need. Electricity is shut off
three days a week from 9 to to
conserve power equipment seriously
in need of requirements.
Madrid has one of the most COM
petent and strictest traffic systems
in Europe. Spaniards. who tradi-
tionally resent RECOMMENDATION, con-
fine their crossing to the restricted
areas. Those who don't are prompt
ly fined 2 pesetas. The white
helmeted police, though stern in ap-
pearance, are exceedingly polite.
Automobiles are high on the crit
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-02-02
ii. s. About to Lift Curtain
On Broadcasts to Russia
By Roscland Evans, Jr.

Russians have had little oppor-
tunity to become acquainted with
many things we take for granted.
So, If an important labor bill has
been introduced in the House, for
example, and it is reported during
the first 5-minute newscast, the
parliamentary procedure governing
its passage into law viii be explained
during the 10-minute period.
After the news win come IS min
utes of music, from folk music to
jazz. The last half hour will be
devoted to features. A feature
will consist perhaps of review Of
a current best seller, an account
of a new medical discovery or pos
sibly a short dramatic skit portray
ing some part of the American
scene.
Must Be Relayed in Munich.
The broadcast will be short
waved from New York to relay
station at Munich, Germany. From
there it will be beamed automatical-
ly into the Soviet Union.
State Department officials say the
broadcast will contain no distortions
of fact to show this country as a
utopia, that it will report the url-
pleasant news along with the pleas
ant. Efforts will be made to avoid
editorializing, they say, and any
conclusions suggested by news items
will have to be reached by the audi
ence, not by the broadcaster.
It is known In Russia that the
broadcasts from New York are about
to get under way, but there has
been no official comment. Probably,
says the State Department, there
won't be any. \
The number Of Russians able to
tune in on our broadcast will in
crease If the Soviet's plans for radio
construction are successful. The
new five-year plan calls for pro-
ducing almost q million receiving
sets annually by 1850.
Today, however, only half mill:
lion sets are thought to be in Russia.
Cpistsibutsl ~ NE Associated RrsaED
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-02-02

"Eto New York-Eto goloce IL
America" (This is New York, this
is the voice of American.
The voice of a State Department
broadcaster will travel by short
wave from this country to the Soviet
Union for the first time Febru-
airy II. ..--=
Every day at / pm. New York
time % pm. in Moscow the same
Russian-speaking voice will reach
across 5000 miles of ocean and land
and penetrate the iron curtain. !"
It will bring the latest world news
to thousands of Russian listeners,
especially news of the United States.
Sponsored, written, directed and
delivered by the State Department,
the hour-long short-wave broadcast
will be beamed to European Russia
and sections of the Trans-Ural re-
gion seven times a week,
For two months State Department
Russian experts have been at work
organizing the technicians and script
writer's, all OF whom are American
citizens. They will turn out broad
cast of news, music, drama and
other features designed to give the
Russians IAN accurate and fair pic
ture of the United States"
Is Minutes Of News First.
News sources will be the State
Departments own news-gathering
service and some other news
agencies, but not the Associated
Press or the United Press. These
two services declined to furnish
news for fear it would suggest they
we're connected with the government
of country in which the press has
always stood apart from govern
ment.
/. The daily program will start of
with Is minutes of news, the first
IS of which will be summations
after the fashion Of any American
newscast. The other 10 minutes
will be devoted to analyses and
explanations Of these news items.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-02-02

last October and put into operation
the first of the year.
Canada, Sweden and Norway also
have unified commands under sim
gle minister Of defense. During the
recent war, the Germans had a
heavily centralized command under
the absolute authority Of Adolf
Hitler.
Military as well as civilian spon-
sors of the American plan for a
unified defense agree with those
scientists who say there must be an
end to war or there will be an end
to civilization as the world has
known it. They contend, however,
&lhata strong defense is a safeguard
of peace and thta unified control is
the best way to assure that kind
of defense.
"War is the most silly activity Of
the human race says Gen. Eisen-
hover. Nevertheless, it is neces-,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-02-02
Virgin Islands
Worth Price
Military Minds Agree on
Caribbean Chains
Importance
By Leslie Highlev

y ACcSSO x4SSHSSJ r.
Thirty years ago the United States
purchased from Denmark group
sof islands In the Caribbean Sea
called the Virgin Islands. 81
& Few Americans have ever stopped
ito think whether the $25 ,000, 900 In
vestment was a sound one. Military
authorities believe it was-even
though the United States has always
subsidized the islands-because, with
Puerto Rico, they are the doorstep
to the Panama Canal.
The islands, just east of Puerto
Rico, were discovered by Columbus
on his second voyage. in 1893. He
called them LAS Once Mil Vir-
genes"-the Eleven Thousand Vir-
gins.
The islands population is slightly
over 10000, mostly Negroes who are
absorbing American ways and who
feel proud of being American citi-
zens. The islanders engage mostly
in agriculture, especially the raising
of sugar cane.
The islands were purchased in
1917 to be converted into an i'm
Iportant naval fueling base and also
because of the fear in some quarters
that Germany would buy or seize
them first as a submarine base.
During World War II they again
became a military and naval bull
wark.
u. S. Became Interested in 1898.
The purchase, in the opinion of
Caribbean experts, marked the be-
ginning of a series Of developments
in United States policy in that area.
Prior to 1917 United States leaders
had recognized the importance Of
the chain of West Indian Islands,
directly to the northeast of the Pan
anna Canal, but it was not until the
airplane was developed into pow
erful weapon that military strate-
gists began thinking seriously about
them.
Actual United States interest in
the Caribbean began in 1898 with
acquisition of Puerto Rico from
Spain after the Spanish-American
War. The island soon became an
important military and naval base
and has often been called "the
Gibraltar of the Caribbean"
Although the United States &C
knowledged Cuba's independence
shortly after it gained freedom from
Spain, the United States was granted
the right to use Cuban soil for de-
tense purposes. A powerful naval
base was built at Guantanamo Bay
and several airbases were construct
ed during the recent war.
When the war came, the islands
were cut off by submarines from
the colonial powers with whom they
carry on most Of their trade. This
brought them down to almost star
vation levels, since most Of them
produce only cash crops and buy
most OF their needs from the out
side. !
Strategically Important.
The war also brought to the at
tention Of Washington leaders the
strategic Importance Of these islands.
Under agreements with the govern
ments involved, military and naval
bases were built In chain from
the tip of the Florida peninsula,
through Cuba, Haiti and the Domin-
lean Republic, to the northern coast
of South America.
Now that the war Is over, the
Caribbean islands are expected to
become q perimeter of bases at q
radius of about 1000 miles from the
Panama Canal. The vulnerability
|of the present canal, or Of another
sea-level canal II built rs planned,
has increased with the atomic bomb.
Distributed ~ the Associated 4feGa)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-02-02
EIGHT PAGES
U.S.. Last Of Big Three
UnifyArmed Forces
Our Plan Is Similar to That of Britain;
War Feared as Civilization Destroyer,
but Strong Defense Is Necessary
By Alexander r. George

:. .
The States viii be the last Of powers
its armed forces under unified control
Russia announced last February that the Soviet Army
consolidated defense
Premier press de-
scbed action taken
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-02-02
Chaotic French Economy
May End Coalition'R Rule
Communist Versus Rightist Showdown
Anticipated as Republics Middle Glass
Struggles to Make Ends Meet
By Constantine Brown

PARASITIC coalition headed elderly
Paul Ramadier is expected to long. tss-
Despite the difficulties which
for the political factions stable administration
sive the vital interests Of the
faction Of selfish personal interests
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-10
Gromyko ChargesU.S.
flinders Atom Control
By the Associated Press

LAKE SUCCESS, Sept. lo.-Andrei
A. Gromyko, Soviet deputy foreign
minister, charged today that the
United States is doing everything
possible to undermine" attempts
to reach an agreement on interna-
tional atomic control.
In the most slashing attack he
has yet made on the United States
position in the United Nations
Atomic Energy Commission, the
Soviet delegate said the American
actions contradict the "high-sound-
ing" phrases by the United States
for control of the atom for peace.
1T is about time" he told the
18th formal meeting OF the COM
mission, ito say directly to the
authors of the American proposals
their statements are in contradic-
ton to their actions"
The commission met to act on its
second report, ordered by the U. N.
Security Council last March 10.
The report contains views of
majority Of 10 countries on the
12-member commission on the
principles involved in creating and
operating an international atomic
energy control system. Russia and
Poland have disagreed with the
ma jOritV
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-10
Lie Says No Country
Able 10 Wage War
Thinks Il Practical
By The Associated Press

BOSTON, Sept. 10-Trygve Lie,
secretary general of the United Ma
tons, said today he is convinced
that no country with the power to
make war regards war as a practical
proposition now or in the future"
Among the nations of the world he
said the most basic and damaging
Disbursements which exists today
will be resolved because they
must be resolved" and added:
"It would ruin everything If any
government. or any group of gov
ernments, decided that it could
afford a permanent lack of agree
ment."
Differences Temporary"
The U. N. leader, in addressing
the convention of the National Asso-
citation of Life Underwriters, de-
clared that he regards as tempo
rary" the differences among coun-
tries and that his 55-nation councils
ARE proceeding on the rock-bound
thesis that there must never be an
other war
From the point of view Of the
United Nations it is simply not con-
ceivable or tolerable that the world
shall be divided permanently into
several groups or camps" Mr.. Lie
said.
"* THE people are entitled to
expect all governments concerned to
pursue the path of agreement re-
lentlessly and in the spirit of COM
promise and understanding until
agreement is reached. -
II say this knowing that many
conscientious and well meaning
people in many lands have grown
tired of argument and are tempted
to call it off"
Not His Function to Criticize.
Asserting that the U. N. had hoped
for quick settlement of peace
treaties, Mr.. Lie said it was not
his function to criticize the big
powers for their inability to arrive
at an agreement.
What people are entitled to ask, u
he added, "* Is that the powers
shall continue to seek agreement
with one another and shall never
lose sight of the fact that agree
ment is absolutely necessary to the
world"
Mr.. Lie declared that nations to-
day are faced with double trouble
an acute combination of long
standing difficulties and the violent,
acute problems brought by war"
He said these problems must be
faced with courage. imagination
and generosity" --..
MIR. Lie called The United Nations
a working, living body standing
solidly for permanent peace and the
common welfare of all nations and
Of all peoples" and added:
1--WE are no more entitled to be
discouraged today than we were
during the war itself"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-10

try in regard to incorporation of
civic associations in the drive"
James S. Beattie, president of the
junior board, spoke of the strategic
Importance of the District in the
event of war, and the necessity for
an organization like the District
National Guard for meeting an
emergency.
Nine local volunteers were sworn
into the 163d Military Police Bat
talon of the District National
Guard last night.
They are: Ross L. Bankes. 1919
Eighteenth street south, Arlington;
Tom l.. Tucker. So K street NV:
Norman c.. Smith, 215 First street
NE; Edwin T. Roberts, 759 Elev-
enth street Sc; Donald L. Davis,
1919 G street Sc; Alan Craig
Smith, 1881 Bay street Sc; An
thony S. Puglisi, Fort Washington,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-10
UniversaIist Leader
SAYS Federal Council
Has Closed Shop
BY The Associated Press

~ CANTON, N. Y, Sept. 10.-The
general superintendent of the Uni
versalist church says the Federal
Council of Churches of Christ in
America, which has rejected two
Universalist applications for men,
bershtp, is "practicing the monopoly
of the closed shop"
The Rev. Robert Cummins. S. T.
D., of Arlington, Mass, told the as
sembly of the Universalist Church of
America, in report, that the ap-
plication was rejected, although ''the
council is preaching the necessity of
nations" giving up their sovereignty
in the interests of a united world Or
der. The report, submitted to the
conference today, was made public
last night.
Called Practical Matter
DR.. Cummins said Charles Taft,
president of the Federal Council,
had replied this is a practical mat
ter. If we let in the Unitarians, we
let out the Lutherans."
The Rev. Dana E.. Klotzle of the
Community Universalist Church at
Wellesley, Mass, said the Lutherans
were opposed to the Universalist be-
lief that Jesus Christ was not a
deity. The Lutherans, he added,
comprise large part of the council.
Dr. Cummins said he had "sug-
gested to Mr.. Taft the possibility of
a religious organization approach
ing the matter officially as well as
practically"
Advises Against Malice.
The Universalist leader, who urged
that the council take no action ex-
cept to sent a greeting to the assem-
bly,. said:
Here is an organization called
Christian practicing the monopoly
of closed shop"
However, even now we must
harbor no grudge- bearing malice, u
he added.
DR.. Eugene G. Bewkes, president
Of the st. Lawrence University,
where the sessions are being held,
urged a true liberal approach to
the Christian faith" in his keynote
address.
The Association of Universalist
Women, the Universalist Ministers
Association and the General Sun
day School Association are holding
biennial conferences in conjunction
with the General Assembly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-10
Turnoge to Give Decision
Fridoy in SHOOTING of 81

United States Commissioner Need
ham c. Turnage today took under
advisement the case of Sherman E.
Buis, SO, charged with assault with
intend to kill after a shooting last
month at the Dorchester House,
The commissioner said he would
announce his decision Friday.
Army Pvt. William R. Hall, Is. of
Boiling Field, testified he was shot
during scuffle outside Buis' sec
ond-foor apartment after. he said
the defendant had made improper
advances to him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-10
Gen. Young 10 Head
D. T.. Guard Drive
For $500 Recruits

Brig. Gen. Gordon r. Young. en-
gineer commission for the District,
has been named chairman of the
District National Guards drive to
recruit $500 men. The drive opens
September 16.
More than 80 civic and veterans
organizations pledged support II.
the campaign at a meeting last
night in the National Guard
Armory, called by the Junior Board
of Commerce.
Col. E. Goring Bliss, chairman of
the Army Advisory Committee, said
the Districts campaign may serve
as a model for the rest of the coun-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-10

Md; Warren e. Carruth. 1918 Fifty
fourth avenue Sc, and John Ed
ward Greenway. 6100 Allentown
road.
Two guardsmen Of the battalion
have been promoted to sergeant, it
was announced. They are William
E. Feeney, jr., 233 Seventeenth
street Sc, and Bruce C.. McDade,
1855 v street NV.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-10
Byrd Picks Arlington Youth
As Nominee for West Point
BY the Assoeiofed Press

BY me Associofed Press
Senator Byrd, Democrat, OF Viz
GINA yesterday named Alfred x.
Holden of Arlington as principal
West Point nominee for 1948 en-
trance and appointed Hugh A. Ben
ton, Charlottesville, as principal
nominee for the Naval Academy.
Other Naval Academy nominees
are Howard J. Newton. jr., Alexan-
dria, first alternate; S. G. Folkes,
Richmond, second, and William G.
Fisher, jr., Alexandria, third.
Alternates for West Point are
Birtrum S. Kidwell, jr, Arlington,
first: Harvey H. Perritt, jr., Rich
mond, second, and Richard A.
Hevenor, Arlington, third.
Mr.. Folkes and Mr.. Perritt are
serving with the armed forces in
japan,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-10

Coleman heats fast and re-
plenishes it's storage capacity
once and a half every hour =.
an important factor in a large
family. Only Coleman gives
you this fully automatic oil
burning water heater.
OIL burning space heaters, S55.10 up
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-08-24
ADVERTISEMENT.
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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-08-24

Payments on your home are
made easy by renting a room.
Renting a room is made easy
by advertising in The Star.
Call National 5000. Open 8
am. to 9 pm.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-08-24
Salvation Army 10 Honor
Mai. Ray Brown at Party

Friends of Maj. Ray Brown, Of
the Salvation Army, will gather
tonight at a farewell party for the
veteran welfare worker who will
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-08-24

the Washington area for nearly
seven years, Maj. Brown, on Septem-
Der /, will become assistant public
relations secretary at territorial
headquarters of the Salvation Army
in Atlanta, Ga. His duties will cover
the District of Columbia and Is
southern states.
United States buyers are invest
ing in Panama's mahogany, amarillo
and other trees.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-08-24

! leave Washing
| ton next week
! on a new as
| Signment.
| The meeting
will be held at
8 o'clock at the
! 526 First street
/ Temple Corps,
NV, with Sal
walton Ar m Y
Colonel Wesley
! w. Bouterse as
/ host.
| In charge of
/ he Salvation
Arm Welfare
DEPARTMENT in
Evening star., 1947-04-14

that "it would be a grave mistake
to make any effort to organize q
third party
Declaring he will remain in the
Democratic Party as long as it is
truly liberal" Senator Pepper
added that II the party refuses to
perform its mission to serve the
people as against the special inter-
ests," the people themselves will
start a third party movement.
All the dickering about politics
seemed likely, however, to have lit
tie effect on early Senate approval
|of the pending Greek Turkish as
sistanc bill, on which debate will be
resumed tomorrow. The Senate was
in recess today, with many members
planning to accompany President
Truman to the season-opening base
ball game after Capitol Hill lunch
with the President.
Senator Vandenberg told q re-
porter he thinks the Senate will de-
feat overwhelmingly . pending
proposal by Senator johnson,
Democrat, Of Colorado, to eliminate
Turkey from the program, knock
down other amendments speedily
and reach a final vote some time
this week. The house has yet to
act on the proposal
Evening star., 1947-04-14

Once. changing Hines. ~ went IN Z
crowd Of people down IN inmensely
long ramp. The dramatic lighting,
the way the crowd moved 10 silently,
deeper and deeper into the earth,
produced . strange sort Of fourth
dimensional effect which the movies
sometimes get but which the real
world rarely does.
! broke the spell long enough 10
tell Helen was amazed ct how silent
the Russian crowd Was-that In
America this many people made .
lot Of noise.
The russians are quiet people, =
she said. Americans are more ex-
uberant. It is because they are
always eating vitamins."
One thing about the Moscow sub
way, In the rush hour you push.
heaye and scramble to get on and
OF the cars Just the way you do
everywhere else In the world.
But those escalators! / am sure
they are not only the longest, but
also the fastest In the world. They
have to be to get to the top Of them
selves In any reasonable time!