davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-03-20
The Heart of the Matter

Senator Cain goes straight TO the
point when he says the first issue to
be settled in the current fiscal hear
ings is the matter of the Federal
payment.
The District is in fiscal trouble to-
day largely because the approach in
the past two decades has been from
the opposite direction; the local tax
burden has been fixed first, in other
words, with Congress implying that
it will make up the difference"
But what is the difference? The
difference is what the Appropria-
tions Committees may say it is. 1t
is not the difference between what
the people of the District pay and
what the District really needs. The
difference Is sum arrived at by
compromise, after annual struggles
between the two houses of Congress.
The practice places a diSpropor-
tionate share of the load on the
community, yet it has consistently
failed to meet real needs.
We need, first, a fixed formula to
measure the amount of the Federal
payment. This payment is not
gift. 1t is not contribution" 1t
is not a subsidy. 1t is not grant in
aid. 1t is not largesse, distributed
by Congress to enable the District
to escape fair taxes.
This payment is an obligation. 1t
must be recognized as one. The OBJ
legation springs from the fact that
this is the American Capital, con-
trolled exclusively by all the people
of the United States except those
who live here. The Capital has been
developed on a scale beftting a
capital, not merely for the conven-
ience of the people who live here
and pay taxes here. 1t was designed
and developed as an appropriate
seat of Government of the United
States, and it should be so main
tanned.
What does the obligation amount
to, in dollars and cents? The amount
should not be picked out of thin
air, unrelated to anything. It should
be measured as equitably and as
precisely as it can be measured. It
should represent a sum for specific
services rendered, with due allow
ance for the fact that the American
Government is a joint beneficiary,
with the local taxpayer, of all local
services. It should be tied to the
amount paid in local taxes, so that
when taxes go up, the Federal pay
ment goes up. In the past twenty
years or so, increases in local taxes
have been used, in part, to reduce
the Federal payment. District citi-
zens are not asking for a handout.
They are asking that the costs of
local government be shared in some
relation to benefits received.
Settle this question in a spirit of
fair play and Congress will find that
a great step has been taken toward
efficient, progressive local govern
ment and in proper development of
WASHINGTON as the American Capital.
Evening star., 1947-03-20

Nearly so years ago an Englishman
named Ebenezer Howard wrote a book
called "Our Cities of Tomorrow" He
reasoned that country life and city life
both had their good points and their
bad points. He totted up the good
points of the country-health air, peace,
quiet, neighborliness; and the good
points of the city-high wages, con-
veniences, culture, education, COM
panionship. He predicted that some
day city would come along which
combined all the good things of country
and city.
The ideal Of American life has been
the small country town.
There a boy can go barefoot. He
can fish in the creek. He can have a
dog. He won't be in constant danger
Of being run over.
A man can find place to park. His
good air.
One reason why the stories of Booth
Harrington are popular is that they
arouse nostalgia memories of a million
American boyhoods spent In just such
places, now seemingly lost in the whir
and rumble of modern cities. =,
IL Is CnlS memory WHICH SeIlQS man
fed up with the congestion of modern
cities out toward the country like
homing salmon returning to his river.
The real mission of the city planner
today is to apply this ideal to large
cities.
Last summer two men wrote a book
called New City Patterns" They are
S. E. Sanders and A. j. Rabuck. Both
are planners for the Federal Works
Agency. Theirs is only one of grow
ing number OF books dealing with city
planning problems. It is distinctive,
however. in the drawings which the
two men used to illustrate their points.
After discussing how our cities got
the way they are and what should be
done to make them different, the two
men drew the diagram reproduced with
this article.
1t isn't a botanist's sketch Of the
cell structure Of daisy. Nor Is it an
illustration of how spider spins web.
It's city.
It's a diagram of the kind of city
Evening star., 1947-03-20
Letters to The Star
Advantages Seen in Subsidies
for Postal system

advantages SeeH III CuDSlQlGS
for Postal System
To the Editor Of The Star:
Taxpayers will welcome elimination
of the postal deficit, now running at
$500, 100000 year, but it is only fair to
warn that Frank Kent's article Of
March IA touches only portion Of the
problem. While it Is true that news
papers and magazines are carried at q
substantial "loss," it does not follow so
readily that the department need only
increase its second-class rates in order
to eliminate the need for subsidy"
The department itself is recommend
ing that only portion of this second
class loss be made up. In fact, its sug-
gestions would cut the present $16O, O,000,-
600 deficit from carrying publications
by only $33 100000, and the $4,000, 900
deficit from circulars and other adver-
tising matter by only $32,00o,o00.
Postal rate makers recognize that this
type of business will be driven from
the mail If assessments are too high.
They know that the departments costs
will not fall proportionate to the loss
of traffic. for most of the carriers and
is nothing to handle except . Scent
letter.
Those Of us who have been following
hearings on the postal deficit know that
the departments overhead is 80 heavy
at present that even with record volumes
of business it shows a loss on every
operation other than the delivery of
3-cent letters.
While Mr.. Kent does not mention 1t,
the proposed postage rate changes ap-
ply to these other services even more
drastically than to publishers. The
Post Office is seeking sharp increases in
parcel post rates to raise $4,000, 900; a
2-cent postcard to provide 100000
more; money order fees approximately
double the present; 20-cent special de-
livery, higher fees for registered, in
sured and COD services. Experts con-
fess that they cannot estimate what
these rates will do to volume.
But assuming that rates were adopted
to eliminate the present deficit, how
long would the Post Office be self-sus-
tanning?
There are already more than 10 bills
in Congress expanding the service or
providing additional benefits for postal
workers. These bills add millions to the
departments expenses, just as the Sew
enty-ninth Congress added $3.50, 100000
in wages and other millions in new
services. Perhaps it is time we all
recognized that postal rates cannot be
made on a comparable basis with ex-
press companies or Western Union.
Postal rates are at point of di-
.minishing returns, but postal service
and employe benefits are still growing
Are these costs and those yet to be
legislated to be passed on, indefinitely?
Or should we as Nation benefiting
from a postal service that reaches the
most remote points be willing to subsi-
die that service as an essential artery
OF commerce in the general welfare?
STANLEY E. COHEN.
Evening star., 1947-03-20
Appeal From a Veteran

Appear FROM veteran
To the Editor Of The Star:
We, veteran and his wife, would
like to ask The Star and the reading
public, How are we, and those like
us, supposed to live?" zs s
Every day we read articles saying the
housing situation Is better, that 1t is
no longer so acute. Well, we would
like to say that not only is this prob
lem still acute, but from where we sit,
it is hopeless. III
Perhaps, Editor, you will ask just
why. We have found that to get an
apartment we must qualify by the
following:
/. Gentle.
2. Over 80 years of age.
3. No children or pets.
And, following this same order are
questions we have to put to the
owners:
/. What is the Jewish race TO do?
2. How can veterans have any chance
when most of them are youngsters,
under 80 years old?
3. And what are the apartment own
ers trying to do, wipe out the human
race by refusing to let people have
children?
The writer's of this letter are young,
under 80 that is, and although we are
not Jewish, we are expecting a baby
very soon (though where we are to put
1t, heaven only knows-we have one
room, bedroom with no cooking
facilities).
So you see, we have two strikes out
OF the three against us. And we ask,
what chance do we have?
A VETERAN, HIS WIFE AND
JUNIOR-TO-BE,
Evening star., 1947-03-20
Marshall on Repdrutions

Secretary of State Marshall has
effectively torpedoed Foreign Min
lister Molotovs effort to show that
we committed ourselves at Yalta
to support Russia's demand for
$4,000, 100000 worth of reparations
from Germany, including proceeds
from current German production.
To justify the Russian contention
Mr.. Molotov has revealed the hither-
to secret text of a protocol signed
by the Big Three at Yalta. The
secrecy, however, has had to do only
with the text. The substance Of the
protocol itself has been known for
a long time. AS explained by Presi-
dent Truman as far back as August,
1945, and again by Secretary Byrnes
in Paris last July, its provisions
covering Withdrawals from current
production and the $4,000 000,0 900
figure for Russia-were drawn up on
a purely tentative basis for later
discussion, consideration and de-
cision. The Potsdam Agreement, in
the. Presidents and Mr.. Byrnes'
judgment, specifically spelled out
the problem and superseded Yalta's
broad preliminary principles on rep
arations.
This Interpretation has now been
re-emphasized by Secretary Mar
shall, with full British support. It
is hard to see how there could be
any other Interpretation. The text
of the Yalta protocol is evidence
enough in itself of the protocols
tentative nature. The Potsdam
Agreement, on the other hand, con-
sists of definite commitments to a
procedure governing the determina-
ton and exaction of reparations.
This procedure, which does not fix
set sum for any of the victors,
makes no provision whatever for
Withdrawals from current produc-
ton. On the contrary, one OF the
agreements most important eco
nomic clauses declares that pro-
ceeds from Germany's current
production and stocks shall be
available in the first place" to en-
able the Germans to pay for the
imports they need ito subsist with
out external assistance"
In other words, even though Rus
STA may be entitled to and receive
$10,OO0,000, or more from Ger
many in various ways. the Potsdam
Agreement rules out the idea of
using current German production
as a source of reparations. The
reason for this is obvious. The
Germans will have to produce to
support themselves; If Russia, how
ever, takes away what they produce,
they will not be able to support
themselves, and Britain and the
United States will have to continue
dumping money into the country to
keep the people alive. Thus, indi-
rectly, we would be paying, out Of
our own pocket, for Germany's rep
arations to the Soviet Union.
Considered from any angle, such
an arrangement would do violence
to common sense. BY making clear
at Moscow that the United States
will not follow Mr.. Molotov in a
retreat from Potsdam to Yalta,"
Secretary Marshall has in effect
served notice on the Russians that
they are wasting their time-and
ours-by being insistent on large
scale reparations from current pro-
duction. In sum, If they want an
agreement with us, they will have
Evening star., 1947-03-20
When Old Comrades Meet
From the Belfast Telegraph.

Patriotic valor and endurance,
whether displayed in London or Lenin-
grad, has given both Britain and Rus
sia common heritage of which both
nations can be proud. Lord Montgom-
ery's visit showed the world that the
iron curtain" is capable of being lifted
on occasion when former comrades
meet to renew old associations. We can
only trust that the obstacles which have
been impeding communication between
the Allies will in course of time be at
tenuated If not removed altogether, and
that cooperation will be continued In
peace as in war, Notwithstanding pos
sible differences of opinion as to eco
nonlic and political ideals.
Evening star., 1947-03-20
= Mr.. Lewis Complies

John L. Lewis, consistent with the
Supreme Courts order expediting
the issuance of It's mandate in his
contempt case, has wasted no time
in revoking his notice terminating
the contract between the Govern
ment and the United Mine Workers.
The immediate effect of this pre-
sumably is to insure the continued
mining of coal until June 80, when
the mines must be returned to their
private owners. and to relieve the
union Of the prospect of having to
pay an additional fine Of $4,000, 900.
1t cannot be too strongly empha-
sized, however, that Mr.. Lewis latest
action does nothing to safeguard
against the likelihood of another
coal strike this summer or fall. I'm
der the terms of the expiring Smith
Connally Act, the Government must
restore the mines to private opera
tion not later than July 1. And Mr..
Lewis, in testimony before a con-
gressional committee, has expressed
the belief that another strike is Gin
evitable." Consequently, since the
Supreme Court decision affirming
the contempt of court judgment
against Mr.. Lewis was based on the
fact of Government operation of the
mines, and since the Government
will not have authority to seize or
operate the mines under existing
law after June 80, the next move is
up to Congress. If the legislators do
not act in the interim to protect the
public interest, they will have to as
sumo their share of the RESPONSE
bility for the consequences
Evening star., 1947-03-20
Door BLESSING

O goodly door of kind brotDn xood,
That shelters me
From bitterness that you pithstood
As odke7a tree.
oh, keep toreuer from this house
The stony cold
That you hare felt along your bourhs,
The year grotor DID,;
And keep withtn the singing pord
OF soft green Leaves
The hauen q orce-shettered bird
Found In TOUR edDes.
YETZA GILLESPIE.
Evening star., 1947-03-20
Kiss of Death

To the Editor OF The Star.
Soft the Republicans nominate
Senator vandenberg, Col. Robert
Mccormick of the Chicago Tribune
will not vote for him, but will cast his
vote for Truman! Horrors! Please,
Republicans, do not nominate Vanden-
berg. 'Twould be the kiss of death for
our Harry to have Mccormick for him!
J. P. MCCORMACK.
Evening star., 1947-03-20

Results of scientific test on many
species of fish are said to prove that
the carp is the most stupid fish of
the lot. On the other hand, this
may be carping criticism.
Evening star., 1947-03-20
Heats Hotter

From the Arkansas Gazette.
The trouble is that 30 many people
can be more effectively Influenced by
turning on the heat than by turning on
the light.
Evening star., 1947-03-20
By Rudolph Kaufman II

This Is not design for daboard II the theories of the city
build Scratch something
like sketch by book
Patterns (hie
into the heart of ton railroads
Mould be like Radiatng the city nucleus of
business ould be residential
Evening star., 1947-03-20

The Evening Star Newspaper Company.
PRANK B. MOVES, President.
Hungry Horse news and Columbian. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1946-1948, 1947-01-02
SEWING CIRCLE PATTERNS
0amz Neksd Gzoek FOR lah

DESIGNERS, farm froeks. easy to cake FASH
ions, free crocheting directions. free pat
tern printed inside the book. Price 81
cents.
Hungry Horse news and Columbian. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1946-1948, 1947-01-02

The first white men went into what
is now West Virginia as early as
ITO, and a few years later cabins
were being built. After 1875, South
Branch valley began to fill up with
the overflow from Shenandoah val
ley and from Pennsylvania and
Maryland. Settlers were Of several
nationalities - and the composition
of the people of West Virginia al
ways has been different from that Of
the country east of the mountains.
Story of Controversy.
West Virginians heartily support
ed the Revolution and sent troops
to help New England and the Mid
die Colonies, but the history of west
ern Virginia before 1901 is story
of controversy with eastern Vir-
ginia. Socially, politically and eco
nomically, the two sections were I'M
like from the very beginning. West
ern Virginia was democratic while
eastern Virginia was aristocratic.
The idea of separation was fore
most long before the Civil war.
When war broke out between the
states in 1861, there were bound to
be repercussions through the en-
tire state. Eastern Virginia was the
heart of the Confederacy. Western
Virginia was opposed to secession.
The long desired separation was eff
Hungry Horse news and Columbian. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1946-1948, 1947-01-02
:: Wx:..!Home Of the Hills

fected, not with the Civil war as Z
cause, but rather as an opportunity.
On December 81, 1862, the congress
Of the United States gave its con-
sent to admit West Virginia as q
state, and the next spring, on April
20, 1868, President Lincoln issued
his proclamation. West Virginia be-
came the 35th state Of the union two
months later.
Many Historic Shrines.
Three states and two rivers meet
at historic Harpers Ferry where
John Browns anti-slavery raid was
staged. Blackwater falls, Seneca
rocks, Pinnacle rock, the burial
mounds at Moundsville, the state
capitol building, the historic
shrines all are interesting and
worthwhile.
From mountain tops to blue
grass farms, the agricultural
side of West Virginia is
revelation. Anyone must mar
vel at the agriculture and fruit
that are produced in a state
that ranks among the first in
industry. Prize beef and btu
min0us coal? Yes, anything is
possible in West Virginia.
Gen. "Stonewall" Jackson was
born at Clarksburg, and West Vir-
ginia also gave the nation John w.
D-vvsc G P,,o1y t.
Wis. In case you've forgotten, it was
Ann Jarvis who in 1907 asked a
group of Philadelphia friends to
wear white carnations on the first
anniversary of her mothers death
and thereby founded Mothers
Day.
State of Contrasts.
The states northwestern border il
the Ohio river, the aquatic highway
that opened the west. But the Mo
nongahela and the Kanawha rivers
are important too. West Virginia's
elevations range from 240 to 1850
feet above sea level, with the high
est average elevation of any state
east of the Rockies. Yes, it's a
mountainous state, but every wooded
hill, every shady nook and every
sparkling stream belongs to just
such state. About 60 per cent Of
the states area is covered by for
est, with trees ranging from spruce
in the highlands to prickly pear
cactus and other semi-desert plants
in the lOWlands.
Scenery, wildlife and extensive,
semi-primitive areas combine to lure
vacationists to West Virginia's two
vast national forests, the Mononga-
hela and the George Washington.
The state also has Is state parks
and seven state forests.
Fishing, hunting, hiking, riding,
swimming, golf, tennis, boating
well, what do you want for recre-
alton? And what is your trade, what
are your business ambitions, your
for success? And what
Of your "dream" home where nature
is loveliest? Perhaps the answer is
in West Virginia!
Hungry Horse news and Columbian. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1946-1948, 1947-01-02

THE PANHANDLE STATE -.
Surrounding the map OF west
virginia are typical scenes OF the
the state: Cd Blackwater fans;
"a the administration building
at Babcock state park; ~
modern coal tipple; ID New
River canyon, and 80 appie
growing.
Hungry Horse news and Columbian. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1946-1948, 1947-01-02
This Honne-Mixed
Cough Relief Is
TruIySurprising
So Easy. No Cooking. Big Sa

So Easy. No Cooking. Big Saving.
You may not know it. but, in your
own kitchen. you can easily prepare
= really surprising relief for coughs
due to colds. It's old-fashioned-your
mother probably used it-but for real
results, it's hard to beat.
First, make a syrup by stirring
cups granulated sugar and one cup
of water a few moments, until dis
solved. No cooking needed. It's no
trouble. Or you can use corn syrup or
LIQUID honey, instead Of sugar syrup.
Then get ~ ounces Of Pinex from
any druggist. This is a special COM
pound of proven ingredients. in con-
centrated form, well known for
quick action in throat and bronchial
irritations.
Put the Pinex into pint bottle.
and fill up with your syrup. Thus you
make a full pint Of splendid cough
syrup, and you get about four times
as much for your money. It never
spoils Children love it's pleasant taste.
And for quick relief, it's wonder.
It loosens the phlegm, soothes the irr1-
tated membranes, eases the soreness,
makes breathing easy. and let's you
get restful sleep. Just try 1t, and If not
pleased, your money will be refunded
Hungry Horse news and Columbian. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1946-1948, 1947-01-02
BY EDWARD EMERINE
WNU Features

| SSAASos/
By EDWARD EMERINE
WNU Features
"Chust look at dis! It's
John Peter Salley, one of an
exploring party, had picked up
what seemed to be another
rock, and found it to be btu
m1nuos coal. Today West Vir-
GINA, with it's 585 mines. often
IS referred to as the "coal bin of
America"
When William Tompkins used nat
ural gas as fuel to evaporate water
from brine in 1841, he became one
OF the first men in the United
states to use gas for industrial uses.
west Virginia's natural gas produc
ton In 1914 was 213 billion cubic
feet.
IN 1877 Elisha Brooks began ex-
tracing salt for commercial DUR
poses from brine spring in Kama
VIVA valley near the present site of
Charleston. Other West Virginia
salt works have been operating for
more than 100 years.
Develop New Industries.
AS early as 1890 a furnace was
built by Peter Tarr of Kings Creek,
near the present site of Weirton, now
one of the biggest steel producing
cities in America. Cannon balls made
here were used by Commodore
Perry's fleet in the Battle of Lake
Erie in 1913.
Michael J. Owens, son of a coal
miner, invented a bottle-making
machine in 1903 and started new
epoch in that industry. West Vir-
ginia produced, in prewar years,
glass, china and pottery valued at
SO million dollars annually.
Mif1in Marsh made stogies and
sold them to passengers on Ohio
river boats in 1910. M. Marsh &
Son, Wheeling, is reputed to be the
largest stogie manufacturer in the
United States.
And back in 1915, when World
War cut off the German supply of |
playing marbles, Akro Agate was
founded at Clarksburg, and today
the concern makes over half Of the
worlds glass marbles.
But lest West Virginia's in
dustrial achievements blind us
to her other claims to fame and
distinction, let us look farther
than bituminOus coal pr0duc-
ton, natural gas, petroleum,
chemicals, salt, stone, hardwood
timber, steel and iron manu-
facture, textiles, glass, pottery,
ceramics and others. There is
also the romantic and historic
West Virginia. And there is the
mountainous and scenic West
Virginia which has become one
of the nations greatest recre-
atiOnal areas.
Hungry Horse news and Columbian. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1946-1948, 1947-01-02
Sublime TO RidIcuLoud

A slightly tipsy gentleman
walked into the telegraph office,
took a pencil, spent three or four
minutes in deep thought, and
wrote this message to a friend
in St. Louis:
"Tra la, ira la, ira la, ira Ia"
He signed it and presented it to
the lady behind the counter.
After checking it, she said:
"That will be 81 cents"
The gentleman paid her and
she said: "You used only eight
words"
"What would you suggest add
ine?" he finally asked.
"Well, how about just adding
4ra la" she said.
"No," he said firmly, "that
would just make it sound silly"
Hungry Horse news and Columbian. [volume] (Columbia Falls, Mont.) 1946-1948, 1947-01-02

the Washington family in Colonial
days, Berkeley springs, and large
apple and peach orchards.
Harper's Ferry, historic center at
junction of the Potomac and Shen-
andoah, is the states oldest town.
The Eastern Panhandle is only
So miles from Washington, 70 miles
from Baltimore, and PSI miles from
New York. It is one of the favorite
spots for weekend and vacation
trips from metropolitan areas.