davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-08-03
WAR IN 10 YEARS?
WAR IN rs YEARS?
THE TREND of sentiment is OF

THE TREND of sentiment is of
considerable historic interest be-
cause it shows that disillusion-
ment set in very quickly after the
end of World War II.
The European conflict ended in
May, 1945 and the japanese wal
in August. Within two months the
Institute was finding a majority
believing in the likelihood of wal
in Is years, and within seven
months, in March, 1916, nearly
one-half of the voters (49 per cent
believed another war was coming
inside ten years.
The change in attitude was due
primarily to a change in oul
thinking about Russia. When thu
war ended there was widespread
feeling that the United States ane
Russia could get along together
and, between them, work out
lasting peace for the world.
But as the months slipped by
the average American began tt
feel that Russia did not want t,
cooperate with us, and that sh'
was determined to rule over larg,
hunks of Europe and even per
haps try to dominate the world
believing this, the American vo
tiers became more and more con
vinced that the world has by NJ
means seen the last major vars.
ONE interesting aspect of tn,
situation today is that fear of wa.
Is greater among young people
than among older voters.
Opinions by age on the likeli
hood of another war within tel
years r as follows:
WAR IN 10 YEARS?
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-08-03

RALEIGH, Aug, 2-Mrs R. S..
Ferguson was not out of character
when she filed a minority report
voicing protest at selection of a
member of toe university faculty
to head up the study of the state
educational system. The study
commission Thursday selected DR..
w. B. Plemmons, associate pro-
lessor of secondary education at
Chapel Hill, to the post. Mrs. Fer
guson had nc objection to DR..
Plemmons per Sc, but thought it
unwise to have the survey headed
by a man who has been a cart
of the system under study. Al
though she knew her u was
hopeless she got in her say.
AT HOME-Mrs. Ferguson is at
home with minorities. For many
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-08-03
The Gallup Poll
But Public No More Gloomy
Now Then Before The
East West Split
Bv GEORGE GALLUP
Director, American Institute
of Public Opinion

PRINCETON, N. j., Aug
ust Pear of a third world
war continued widespread
throughout the United States
but it has not increased ap-
preciably since the East-West
split in Europe.
More than half the voters think
there will be another major war
within ten years. Three out of
every four believe it will certainly
come within Is years.
That outlook is gloomy enough.
But it is no more gloomy than
last April Fear of War then was
just about as high. Since April
there have been fresh disagree
ments between Russia and the
Western powers, but they appar-
entity did not add greatly to the
war filters.
At regular intervals since early
1915 the Institute has conducted
surveys to measure the public's
fear of war. The results, forming
a kind of war fever chart, are
shown below. Two questions were
put to seperate but comparable
cross-sections Of voters, a. fol-
lows:
l. do you think the United
States will find itself in an
other war within, say, the
next ten years."
2. "Do you think the United
States will find itself in an
war within. say, the next rs
years?"
The results:
WAR IN 10 YEARS?
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-08-03

years she worked actively in Alex
ander politics as a leader of Dem
ocratlc women only to see the
county time after time send Re-
pupllcans to the legislature and
the court house. Last fall the tide
turned. Mrs. Ferguson has served
Tor two years as the only woman
member of the state board of edu-
cation with twelve men, and was
the only woman among tifty mem
bers OF the 1947 state senate-in
TACT the only woman among 40
legislators.
LONG PULL-It doesn't bother
the lady much to get showed I'M
Ger temporarily, because she re-
sons that ultimately her IDEAS will
prevail. She can cite numerous IL.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-08-03
Around Capitol Square
NJ Man Opposed AS Head OF School Study Group

lend every possible aid to making
the study commissions work eff
fective and valuable to the state
as basis for revising legislation.
CORN - State Senator o. B.
Moss of Nash, who likes to be
called a country lawyer but is al
so interested in farming, was
around the square Friday. He was
very happy about the rains and
the fine condition of crops gener-
ally, but said the corn crop in
eastern Carolina has been over
rated. Farmers couldn't get nj
trate Of soda for side dressing,
he said, and some these who have
been Judging corn prospects by
the young stalks are going to be
CONTINUED on Page Fourteen)
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-08-03

stances of one time minority iceas'
policy. An outstanding Illustration
is the Bryan influence on Amerl-
can government. William Jen-
nings Bryan was a minority lead
err for a long time-often in the
minority even within his own par
ty-but most of the governmental
policies he championed have been
written into basic national law.
Senator Ferguson figures that II
she just keeps plugging her ideas
will gain acceptance, even if
somebody else gets credit for
them-as very often happens with
minorities. Anyway, Senator Fer
guson that having had her say
and gotten licked, she is ready to
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-08-03
Wet Goods AT Hand

DUNKIRK, N. Y, - U.H When
Joseph Freitas began e~xcavating
to build a tavern, he found a bur.
led cache of liquor, believed to be
a "holdover' from prohibition
days. The cache included whiskey
wine and gin of types not com.
mon In today's legalized liquor
trade.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-08-03

A Texas man, arrested for drunken
driving, claimed the cops smelled hair
oil. The court will decide whether he
or his hair was plastered.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-08-03

One Spanish raid staged from
Cartagena in Colombia against the
Indian inhabitants returned with
booty valued at 1900, 900 gold du.
cats, including a 14O-pound i'm.
age of a porcupine in solid gold
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-08-03

GOOD MORNING
Vet a little slee, a little slumbeT, a l.!ae
,oid;na Of the hands to sleep.-Proverbs
6; 10.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-08-03

One way to satisfy everybody woul'
be not to have any weather at all.
Evening star., 1947-06-03
Lincoln Blasted, Davis ExtoIIed
In UDC Ceremony in Capitol

manned in ohScurity as a do-not thing
soldier in company Of Illinois
militia
This contrast became more
pointed in the Mexican War. he
said.
Lincoln was more Of politician
than q patriot he said. He be-
longed to that numerous group OF
Wings who were inVincible in peace
and invisible in war"
While Lincoln was in Congress
.criticizing the war as ''unneces-
|sary," the speaker said, Davis, who
had resigned his seat, was leading
the Mississippi Rifles in Mexico
where he was severely wounded.
Lincoln" the speaker said, was
so thoroughly discredited In 1848
that he dared not seek reelection p
Cites Lincoln Statement.
As for the Civil War, the speaker
cited Lincoln's declaration on June
Is, 1858, at Springfield that the
American Government. could not en-
dure permanently half slave and
half free"
The statement, the speaker said
was equivalent to a declaration of
war against the South" Prof. Tan
sill recalled the Crittenden proposal
to extend the Missouri compromise
line of So 30" to the Pacific and
that Thuriow Weed, the Albany IN.
Y.l Republican leader, had tried to
get Lincoln to go along with 1t but
that Lincoln,s answer had been no.
When Lincoln blocked this plan for
Southern conciliation, the speaker
said, '.he cleared the decks of the
Federal ship of state for war. No
one knew that fact better than he
AS for the actual outbreak of
war, Prof. Tansill said:
''The dubious intrigue that pre-
ceded the firing upon Fort Sumter
does not have to be rehearsed here
today. To many minds it is clear
that Lincoln deliberately played
fast and loose with representatives
Of the South in order to trick them
into bombardment of that famous
fort. If it could be accomplished.
war would then be inevitable and
Evening star., 1947-06-03
Wife Finds Truck Driver
Hanqed in Basement

Lawrence E. Taylor, "a, of 626 A
street NE, a truck driver, was found
hanging in the furnace room of the
basement at his home early today
by his wife, Mrs. Dolores Taylor.
He was cut down by Raymond
Hurley, who lives at the home, ana
taken to Casualty Hospital. where he
was pronounced dead. Coroner A.
Magruder Macdonald said he would
issue a certificate of suicide later
today.
Police said Mr.. Taylor left a note
to his wife giving no reason for his
action, but processing love and wish
ing her good health. However. he
had been in i'll health for some time,
according to police. The couple has
two small children.
Mr.. Taylor was employed by the
Washington Laundry.
Evening star., 1947-06-03
Plane Crash Inquiries
Continue Today With
New York Conference

Government investigators today
were still trying to find out what
caused last weeks New York and
Maryland plane crashes, which took
95 lives.
James M. Lands, chairman OF the
Civil Aeronautics Board, told news
men yesterday his agency will hold
a conference in New York today on
the United Air Liners crash at La
Guardia Field, N. Y, and a similar
conference here CT in Bainbridge,
Md, tomorrow on the crash of the
Eastern Air Liner.
After those conferences, he said,
the dates of official CAB hearings
on the accidents would be an
nounced.
Meanwhile, a Senate Commerce
Subcommittee headed by Senator
Brewster, Republican, of Maine, re-
opened a series of hearings on air
safety with an invitation for MIR.
Lands and r. P. Wright, Civil Aero
nautics administrator, to testify
whenever convenient.
House Prebers Named.
Chairman Wolverton of the House
Commerce Committee named five
members to obtain AL procurable
facts" on the Maryland and New
York crashes.
The House subcommittee, headed
by Representative Hinshaw, Repub-
lican, of California was directed to
attend CAB hearings on the two
crashes.
Secretary of Commerce Hartman
told Senate Appropriations Sub
committee yesterday, Commercial
air travel is still eight times as dan
gerous as railroad or bus travel"
Furthermore, he said, with the
increase in traffic, larger planes and
higher speeds, air accidents are
likely to increase unless improved
facilities are installed"
Mr.. Harriman's comment came
during his appeal for the Senate to
restore at least part of $4,000, 900
House slash in Federal aviation
funds for the year starting July /.
Structural Failure Suspected.
The crash of the Eastern Air
Lines plane near Port Deposit, Md,
Friday with loss of SO lives, most
probably was caused by "struc-
turaI failure OF the tail assembly"
Mr.. Lands told reporters. It was the
Evening star., 1947-06-03
Italian Leftists Vow
To Retain Voice in
Future Government
BY the Associated Press

ROME, June 3. - Communist
speakers in Rome and Florence de-
clared last night that Italy's leftists,
although excluded from the new
centrist cabinet of Premier Alcide
de Gasperi, did not intend to lose
their voice in shaping the nation S
future.
Giuseppe di vittorio, Communist
boss of the italian General Labor
Federation, warned at the organ
ization's annual convention in Flor
ence that I'VE are a colossus of
7 100000 workers"
Asserting that the Communist
dominated confederation was al
ways ready to defend democratic
liberties" Mr.. Vittorio said, "The
nerve centers of the nation are in
our hands"
Warning Given on Interference.
Implicit in his three-11our speech
was a warning that the labor organ
ization would brook no interference
from the De Gasperi government.
vincial balotting for delegates to the
Florence convention, their ticket re-
ceived the votes of 81 per cent of
the confederation's membership and
the Socialists another 26 per cent.
Only 9 per cent went to members
Of Mr.. de, Gasperi's Christian Demo-
cratic Party, they added.
Meanwhile, thousands of Com
munists, Socialists and other left
lists, massing in Rome's Piazza del
Popolo to mark the first anniversary
of the Italian republic, heard six
speakers declare that the republic
was the work of the left, and that
the left could not be robbed Of its
| fruits.
Mobile Police AIerted.
The Rome demonstration was
orderly, although heavy forces OF
mobile police had been alerted.
The leftists waved red banners
and hundreds of placards denounc-
ing the day-old government as a
"chancellory" Between the speeches
they chanted that today the gov
ernment is in the Piazza del Pop
olo."
Centrists also held meetings
marking the anniversary of the
plebiscite which deposed the house
of Savoy. At one such meeting,
Mario Cingolani, defense minister
in the new government, declared
that bread and money come from
the west, while from the east comes
nothing and nothing will come"
Evening star., 1947-06-03
Britain, Jews, Arabs
To Send Liaison Aides
To Palestine Inquiry
by the Assoeiuied Press


LAKE SUCCESS, N. Y, June g.
Great Britain. the official Jewish
Agency and the Arab Higher Com
mittee for Palestine have been given
permission to attach liaison repre-
sentatives to the United Nations
Palestine Inquiry Commission.
Meeting in open session late yes
terday, the 11-nation commission
agreed also that it would accept
aid and information presented by
the liaison officers during its COM
ing inquiry.
At the same time, the commission
postponed a decision on visiting
Europe's displaced persons camps
until after 1t reaches Palestine.
Closed Sessions Today.
The commission prepared to go
into closed session today to work
out details before leaving for the
Holy Land June IL.
In accepting the recommendation
OF its Working Committee on Liai-
son Representation, the commission
provided that Britain, which holds
Palestine under League of Ma
tions mandate, should have haison
status along the Jewish Agency and
the Arab Higher Committee.
Under the commission directive.
the Iaison officers would supply in
formation or give other assistance
that the 11-nation group might re-
quest. 1t also. provides that the
liaison officers may take the initia-
tive to give information, which
would be accepted at the discretion
Of the commission.
Before adopting these decisions,
the commission, elected Chief Justice
Emil Sandstrom of Sweden as its
chairman.
The commission had for consid-
Grafton recommendation that the
Holy Land be placed under U. N
trusteeship and 100000 displaced
European Jews be allowed imme-
diate entrance to the disputed
country.
Written Statements Asked.
The recommendations were sub
nitted to the commission by Joseph
M. Proskuer, president of the
American Jewish Committee, and
Jacob Blaustein, chairman of the
A. j. G. Executive Committee. They
were expected to be considered,
along with other Jewish organiza-
ton statements, either before the
1l-nation group leaves for Palestine
or after 1t has arrived in the Holy
Land.
The commission announced Sun
day that Is various Jewish, Arab
and Christian organizations which
had asked permission to present
their views on the Palestine question
were being instructed to present
written statements by June 6.
Only after these written state
ments are examined will the COM
mission decide whether an oral
hearing should be granted when II
returns from overseas.
Evening star., 1947-06-03
; Semi-FinaIs Scheduled
In Beauty-Talent Contest

Three theaters will present the
semif1nals of the contests being helc
this year In the search for Miss
Greater Washington" Ben. Strouse
general manager Of Station WWDC
which conducts the contest, an
nounced today.
The semifinals are scheduled fol
the Atlas Theater on July 18; the
Naylor Theater on July Is, and the
Apex Theater on August l. The date
Of the finals at the Capitol Theatel
has not yet been announced.
Contestants have started re-
hearsals at WWDC this week
Closing date for additional entries
in the beauty and talent contest l.
July 5. So far, Is girls have en-
tered and at least so more are
expected before the closing date.
Contestants must be single, be.
tween Is and %, and may come from
the District and Alexandria ano
Arlington. Fairfax. Prince Georges
and Montgomery Counties.
Miss Greater Washington" will
participate in the Miss America
contest In Atlantic City in Sep.
tember.
Evening star., 1947-06-03
By George Kennedy

Abraham Lincoln was condemned
as an intriguer who brought about
the Civil War and Jefferson Davis
|extolled as a patriot yesterday in a
ceremony in the Capitol.
/ The speaker was Charles G. Tam
sill, professor of American history
in the Graduate School of George
town University. The occasion was
a laying of wreatns at the statue OF
Davis in the Capitol's Statuary Hall
under the auspices of the United
Daughters of the Confederacy.
Prof. Tansills talk was too much
even for Representative Rankin,
Democrat. of Mississippi who heard
it. Asked if he would put the talk
In the record, Mr.. Rankin said:
Not I. I think he went too far.
The time has come to draw the
mantle of charity over all that.
Curious Tourists Stop.
Groups of tourists stopped out of
curiosity. but they could not hear
the speakers words which did not
echo from the high dome of the
room Only one Capitol guard was
on hand during the speech which, a
generation ago, would have caused
in the legislative halls
nearby. The guard said:
Nobody can hear him. Perhaps
it's a good thing"
After the speech, two of the UDC
women called on The Star to say
that the organization was not re-
sponsible for the speech and that
they regretted the references to
President Lincoln.
Prof. Tansill started by quot
ing a Yankee philosopher, Emer-
son, to the effect that every insti-
tuition is merely the heightened
shadow of one man." He said that
was partly true of the South and
Jefferson Davis.
Contrasts Careers.
The speaker contrasted the caa
reers of Davis and Lincoln.
During the Black Hawk War;" he
said, Davis had earned some dis
tinction, while Abraham Lincoln re-
Evening star., 1947-06-03

!, worst commercial airllnE disaster In
United States history.
Mr.. Lands said the CAB was
satisfied the plane was flying at
about 1000 feet over Port Deposit
when it suddenly went into dive,
turned over, crashed and burned.
| Witnesses saw the tail section fall,
he said, but were In disagreement
whether 1t fell before or during the
dive or when the plane was upside
down.
The plane hit In a diving position
at about a 45-degree angle, he said.
All the engines and propeller blades
have been accounted for and nothing
| tstructurally wrong has been dis
covered. The fact that pieces of the
tail were found a quarter mile from
the crash does not mean it fell be-
fore the dive, he said.
Recently Overhauled.
The plane which carried the So
Miami i-bound passengers to their
death had 800 flying hours in mil
litary service, Mr.. Lands said. 1t
was converted in 1916 to civilian
service and had just finished major
loverhauling in Miami. It then was
/ flown to New York and crashed on
the return trip.
The New York crash Thursday
which took AZ lives, was not the
result of mechanical failure in the
plane, Mr.. Lands said. He declared
the cause was pretty definite" but
added "it would be wrong to express
a judgment at this time"
He said that when the control
tower suggested a take-otf from the
long southeast runway at La Guar
dia, the pilot suggested shorter
runway because of the shifting
wind. The wind shifted again while
the plane was travelling down the
runway, and the pilot attempted
to stop it, Mr.. Lands said, realizing
he could not take Off
Skid marks showed for 1900 feet
along the runway, Mr. Lands said
He declared the pilot, Capt. Benton
r. Gucky) Baldwin, would be able
to clear up many points when he
recovered from injuries sufficiently
to answer questions.
The plane apparently was travel
ing between 80 and 100 miles an
hour when Capt. Baldwin decided
the take-of could not be made and
put on the brakes, Mr.. Dandis said.
He said the plane did not get into
the air, except when it hit the end
of the runway and bounded high
before crashing.
Neither plane was overloaded at
the time it crashed, he said
To maintain plant life, soil must
contain such organic material as
calcium and phosphate.
Evening star., 1947-06-03

The domestic dog Is believed te
have arrived in America with the
first human settlers.
Evening star., 1947-06-03

the South could be made to appear
as the aggressor. The ponsibility
for the Civil War rests securely upon
only one pair OF shoulders and
those shoulders belonged to Abra-
ham Lincoln.
No Conquered Banner.
The South should forget the
phrase, the lost cause Prof. Tam
sill said.
"The glorious Confederate flag is
not conquered banner that re-
poses as a relic in Southern mu-
Eseums," he said. THAT banner is q
symbol of freedom"
In concluding. Prof. Tansill used
a familiar quotation In speak
ing OF democracy in the South, he
said. lit was way of life that made
America what it is today, and it
paved the way for a realization of
our most precious heritage, Gov
Iernment Of the people, by the peo-
pie. for the people"
According to his biography In
Who's Who in America, Prof. Tan
| sill is 56 years old and was born In
Fredericksburg, Tex. He was grad
uated from Catholic University In
1912 and received Phi. d. degree
from Johns Hopkins a few years
later.
He was assistant professor an
then professor OF. history at Amer
lean University from 1919 to 1889
and at Fordham University from
1889 to 1914, when he came to
Georgetown. His published works
are in the field OF diplomatic his
tory - two volumes on certain
treaties with Canada and others ON
diplomatic history of the United
States In the Caribbean.
Evening star., 1947-06-03
Buumonn Again Heads
Bowie Commissioners

John L. Baumann last night was
reelected president of the Bowie,
Md Board Of Commissioners, to-
gether with William L. Trott ana
James E. Wildman. jr, both elected
for the first time.
Defeated candidates in the elec.
tions at the Bowie Firehouse were
Laurence r. Maenner, Melvin n
Buck, and Sylvester C, Bell.
Evening star., 1947-06-03
'Pertinox' Is Fined 1888
For Statements in Book
BY fhe Assoeiofed Press

PARIS, June 3.-A Seine Depart
ment civil tribunal today fined
Andre Geraud, who writes under the
name of "PertinaX," damages of
100000 francs ($833) to be paid to
Jacques Lemaivre- Dubreuil, salad
oil manufacturer.
Lemaivre-Dubreuil contended he
was injured by statements made in
the Pertinax book, THE Crave Dig
gers,