davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-08-22
A Reasonable Surplus

Last January, talking to Congress about
the fiscal year 194s, the President made
these predictions:
Expenditures would run about 37.5 bill
lion dollars; revenues would be about .S7.7
billion and it was safe to count on surplus
of perhaps two hundred million dollars.
If Congress would continue In effect
wartime excise taxes and increase postal
rates, the surplus might rise to 1.8 billion
dollars.
But at "today's level of economic activity.
our present revenue system will not yield
so much In 1948 as in the current year"
That was six months in advance of the
fiscal year that began last July !. Now,
with the fiscal year less than two months
old, the President has had to revise his
estimates.
Instead of a possible surplus of l8 billions
Congress having retained the excise taxes)
1t appears that it will be more like At bill
lions. Instead of not yielding as much as
in 1947, the present revenue system is
going to yield much more than In 1947 for
the level of economic activity is higher.
Last January the President told Congress
There is no justification now for tax re-
duction." When he vetoed the tax-reduc-
ton bill in June he repeated the same
thing and when he vetoed it in July he
said 1t again. He relied, in the main, on
this premise: ''As long as business, en-
ployment and national income continue
high we should maintain tax revenues at
levels that will not only meet our current
expenditures, but also leave a surplus for
retirement of the public debt"
With an anticipated surplus of less than
two billion, Congress twice voted by large
majorities, to reduce taxes. Now, with an
anticipated surplus of nearly five billion,
the President does not mention tax reduc-
ton, but says that "As long as our total
postwar commitments are still uncertain
and as long as we are under strong infia-
tionary pressures, it would be reckless not
to include reasonable surplus in the
budget
But how much is reasonable surplus? :?
When does reasonable surplus" become
an unreasonable Surplus"-a surplus so
large that reduction of the taxes imposed
to fight war can no longer be postponed? :?
The President gives no inkling of what he
may have in mind, in that respect. He
reminds the country that surplus estimates
are not taking into account what we still
may have to spend, under the Marshall
or other foreign aid plans. BY next Janu-
ary, the middle of fiscal 194S and the
opening OF the election year of 1s48, he
probably will have made up his mind.
But the Presidents advocacy of any sub
stantial tax reduction seems now to be
about as uncertain as the Treasurys
estimates of revenue have proved them
selves to be.
Evening star., 1947-08-22
From q Mothers Point of View

In another column on this page there
Is printed a letter to The Star from the
mother of an eleven-year-old girl who was
the victim of one of those degenerates
whose dangerous potentialities are CLOSED
over by the loosely descriptive term, sex
offender.
In this particular instance the child was
not physically injured. And as the case
went through the routine handling as-
corded it in court, there was little to lead
the public to believe that 1t was more than
another inconsequential example of what
are called morals cases"
But the matter assumes a different as
pect as the mother of the child tells her
story. Her daughter-and she is only one
of many daughters in the same situation
has been subjected to an experience that
will leave its mark upon her for years to
come. In a sense, she is fortunate to have
escaped without more serious conse-
quences. But what has happened to her is
bad enough.
The man who accosted her had a record
of sex offenses. Yet, upon being convicted
In this case, the penalty imposed was q
Une OF $loU. nc Ql0 lOI pay the Lne anu,
pending payment, he was committed to
Jail for maximum period OF twelve
months. Thus, in effect, he has received
the heaviest sentence possible under ex-
isting law But by paying the $3.50 he can
walk out of jail at any time and resume
his attempts to lure young girls into his
car. And even If he serves the full SEN
tence it will be but a few months before
he has TO be released
If one accepts the proposition that the
function of the law is to protect the people,
there can be no argument about the in
adequacy of the statute covering this type
of offender. One of these days, unless
corrective action is taken, some child in
this community is going to be murdered
by one of the degenerates who roam the
city's streets. The Star hopes that the
public authorities, the appropriate MEM
bers of the medical and legal professions,
and the community as whole will insist
that action be taken before, rather than
after, that happens.
Evening star., 1947-08-22
Fixing Prices Downward

1t is but natural that the first reaction
of the public to the price-hxing complaint
filed against group of the Nations lead
ing tire manufacturers is one Of surprise.
Criminal actions under the Federal anti
trust laws In the past generally have been
directed against conspiracies to rig prices
at inordinately high levels. Yet the De-
partment Of Justice is bringing charges
against leaders of an industry whose prod
uct has been declining in price while the
cost of most other manufactured products
has remained at high levels.
Spokesman for most OF the nineteen de-
fendants named in the Governments COM
plant lost no time in calling attention to
this unusual situation. The Firestone Rub
Der Company, for example, points out that
although living costs have increased 51.4
per cent since 1941, most hrst-line tires are
selling at "a per cent below prewar prices
Representatives of other companies made
similar comments.
But the Government contends that this
decline in tire prices resulted from some
thing more than free competition under
the law of supply and demand. According
to John Ford Baecher, of the Antitrust
Division of the Department of Justice, the
drop in prices began only after the in
dustry learned that it was being investi-
gated by representatives of the division.
1t is fact that subpoenas to persons
wanted for questioning were issued more
than year ago. at which time tire prices
were considerably higher than they are
today. 1t Is also fact that dealers racks
are beginning to resume their prewar
appearance. as the supply Of tires becomes
more and more plentiful This suggests
that the law Of supply and demand u
Evening star., 1947-08-22
By Jerry Korn
Assoeiassd Press cerrsspenden,

More than 100000 students-about 50 per
cent OF them veterans-will start classes at
American colleges and universities IN the next
few weeks. This is new record.
The outlay for their education will be greater
than ever before, and in many cases they will
get Jess for their money than prewar students.
Even so, they promise to be the hest-trained
graduates the colleges have ever turned out
This is because they are on the average, better
students. than the colleges have ever had.
We are in the midst of one of the greatest
periods of change in the history of American
education
That atmosphere Of change goes all the way
down to the first grade, which will have 80 per
cent more pupils this year than in ls46-and
a severe shortage of teachers.
But the biggest changes are taking place in
the colleges New ideas, new methods are being
tried out. Other changes spring directly out of
the war, which
l. Has given the colleges more students than
they had ever had before-often more than
they could take.
q Has made 1t harder to provide as good an
education for these students as had been offered
before 1941.
Take the first Of those two changes. The
GI bill made it possible for millions of veterans
to attend college with most of their expenses
paid.
Ofieials say that about 6,O00,O 900 veterans, al
most half of all veterans, have applied for edu-
cation under the CT bill.
More than half of these applicants already
have started some sort of education or training.
And about 50 per cent of that flgure-or 1,500,-
00O-are attending college.
Better Students Enrolled.
Here is why students are better than they
used to be:
With more applications than ever before,
the colleges have picked their students care
fully. They have also made 1t harder to get
passing grades. That has. eliminated the,
poorer students. .~.s.".4'
But the same things which resulted in more
and better students make it harder for the
colleges to provide as good an education as
they offered before the war
A shortage of money has hampered the COLI
leges. Although colleges charge between 20
and so per cent more for an education now,
private gifts have fallen OF and Government
funds have not kept up with rising COSTS
That has kept teachers salaries low and
unattractive.
So the colleges have had too many students
and not enough teachers, with these results:
/. Glasses average almost twice as large as
before the war.
O. Colleges have been forced to hire less ca
pable instructors.
Evening star., 1947-08-22
Hoy-Loft

TO sit beyond the reach OF ,0etness and OF
cold :,
when there Is not cricket left to stir
the hay =
M other stiffness on earth Is eper like
The quiet OF hay-lott on rainy day.
The cracking OF the hay makes sAe'sce
audible
4 bed so soft and deep tnuites man to
think
For mostly in this ,corld there is not time
enough
TO stack our many thoughts; we trenols
on the brink
OF greatness, then hemmed In by NE ps
lose our place.
For tall dreams often crash exposed 70
burning lights.
Here shut a,Day from rain, know tn'
old hay-loft
Hos room enough for Dhtts-Utn9ed
dreams to fly their kites.
HELEN v1RDEN.
Evening star., 1947-08-22
BY THE HAsKINs SERVICE.


@. Please give the source Of the lines, "Ah'
but a mans reach should exceed his grasp,
or what's heaven for?"-B. I. B.
A. The lines occur in Robert Brownings
Andrea del Sarto,' poem based on the
story of the artist given in Vasaris Lives OF
the Painters"
@. Where in the Bible Is there reference to
what Is said to be the forerunner OF the modern
ladies aid societies?-J. V. r.
A. What is said to be the earliest ladies aid
society" Is spoken OF in the 9th chapter OF
Acts from the 36th to the 4Oth verses, des-
cribing Tabtha or Dorcas. who, with other
saints and widows, devoted her time to serving
the distresses of the early Christians
@ Do the whiskers OF cat indicate to the
animal whether or not an opening Is big enough
for 1t to pass through?-P. p.
A. The vibrissae communicate to the cat the
nature of its surroundings In the dark though
probably not, as Is commonly believed, q
knowledge of whether or not its body Will pass
through an opening 1t has been observed
that slender cats sometimes have longer vibris-
sac than do fat ones.
@ How long has Reuters News Agency been
in existence?-D. H. H.
A, Baron Paul Julius Won Reuter-, German,
organized his first news agency IN 184s based
unOn pigeon pOSC. III 1oOl De ACailOFou W.
England and became a British subject. Reuters
is one Of the principal news gathering agencies
in the world.
@. Is there in the Harvard Mineralogical
Museum at Harvard meteorite of $50 pounds
that is studded with diamondsP-J. M. NJ
A. Cornelius S. Hurlbut, jr, associate profes-
sor of mineralogy. Howard University, says that
the Harvard Mineralogical Museum has .
meteorite from Canyon Diablo that weighs about
$50 pounds, found In 1891. 1t has, like most
meteorites q dull brown surface, but no dla-
monds. However, minute diamonds have been
found in meteoric material from Canyon Dtablo
by dissolving away the iron.
@. When was Johns Hopkins University
opened? Is Johns" the Christian name OF
the founder?-R. R. Y.
A. The university was formally opened In
1874 at which time Thomas Henry Huxley,
the English biologist delivered an address.
The founders name was Johns Hopkins. Johns
being family name
Evening star., 1947-08-22

3. Laboratories, libraries dormitores and
other buildings are badly crowded
The colleges are trying to improve all these
conditions, but it probably will be at least
three to five years before the situation Is
much better
The growing interest in education has had
several other results:
l. The United States Office of Education was
one Of the few Government agencies to re-
ceive more money this year than it did last
year-in fact, more than ever before-from a
Congress interested in economy
2. Educators who thought Hitlers rise TO
power could be traced to faults in the German
education system began to plan changes in
the American system to prevent anything
similar from happening here.
3. Colleges bulging with students had to de-
eide whether to increase their size, or support
the growth of new, small colleges.
4. States and communities tried to solve the
problem OF finding schools for the students
the crowded colleges could net take.
Lesson Of Germany.
Let's take those one at time and see what
they mean.
The Ofice of Education told Congress it will
use its additional money to increase education
in the social sciences (the study of people,
exact sciences Chemistry, for example-the
study of things and physical education.
That ties in with the second step, because
many college officials think that if the Germans
had learned things like the social sciences
they might have been better citizens, with more
political wisdom.
So more American colleges are trying to give
students q "'general education" so that even
those studying engineering, for example, will
have more knowledge of people politics and
other current matters.
Some educators say this process may grow
until 1t changes the whole direction OF Ameri-
can education, which before and during the war
seemed to, be concentrating more and more on
specialized studies
Finally, there has been a spreading move
ment toward stopping the growth of large col
leges and substituting one Of three plans:
l. Residence extension centers," which are
like branch colleges. The University Of North
Carolina; for example, is setting up regular
college classes in any community in the State
which provides at least 100 students.
g. Public junior coleges-which offer the first
two years Of college Free as part of the regular
public school system.
3. Private junior colleges supported partly by
money from the States or towns in which they
are located.
All OF these plans together, educators hope,
may result in more education and better educa-
ton for Americans
Evening star., 1947-08-22

Whether 1t will be successful depends, in
the last analysis, on how it works in prac-
tice and on the ability or inability Of the
professional labor leaders to discredit it
in advance. That they have made some
headway is undeniable. Still, II they sue
coed in denying this legislation q fair
trial, it Is hard to see how, in the long run,
that can be of real service to themselves
or to the people they represent.
Evening star., 1947-08-22

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address OF the
1Driter, although it Is permissible for
1Driter kno,Dn to The Star to use
nom de plume. Please be brief.
Evening star., 1947-08-22

At least one prewar traf1c hazard has
about disappeared from the streets: Those
long trailer-trucks with double-deck loads
of new automobiles.
Evening star., 1947-08-22
Defends Brazil P. o.

Defends Brazil P. o.
To the Editor of The Star:
Henry MeLemore has kept closely TO the
humorous side of life in his lively column
but his Rio de Janeiro letter published In
The Star on August l8 was not at all humorous
to this reader, who takes an opposite view
point. Mr.. McLemore finds that his letters
are robbed by postmen."
lived and worked in many important metro
politan centers of Brazil during Is years. I
also spent months in the jungles. We received
our mail by canoe or power launch after
semimonthly regular postal service by mule
back to the jumping off place in the vast
hinterland-the heart of Brazil And this
after the railroads had done their part from
the port cities.
But even though this mail after leaving
the government post Office. was not carried
in lead-sealed mail pouches, we never expert
enced loss of mail or stamps This was de-
livery service at its worst certainly no fault
of the post Office department in Brazil. But
the mails went through. Often our courlers
were diamond prospectors. Sometimes we
ourselves were couriers, for others Our trust
was mutual, such was the hunger for news.
Regarding mail service in actual civilized
quarters, can't imagine what has stirred Mr..
McLemore's erstwhile humor into his accept
ance at face value of a lot of derogatory
hearsay about Brazilian mails. am well ac-
quainted with the safeguards placed around
the mails in that country and in other ma
tions of Latin America.
Personally speaking, because of the inter-
national type Of work I am engaged in. !
have steady correspondence with Brazil and
other Latin American countries. This has
gone on for more than IL years since leaving
South America Even during the war, not
wi:hstanding rigid censorship and sinking OF
ships by the enemy, did not lose single
piece of correspondence.
Thus would suggest that the troubles
experienced by Henry McLemore may be due
to combination Of unfortunate circumstances,
or to his own inexperience with foreign mails.
I hope that he viii fare better next time.
CHARLES ALLEN RENTTRO.
Evening star., 1947-08-22
Questions and Answers

reader can obtain the snswer to any question
Of fact by writing The Evening Star Information
Bureau, 31s street NE, Washington 2, D. G.
Please inclose cents for return postage.
Evening star., 1947-08-22

Many folks prefer warm weather to cold,
but they are willing to admit that even a
good thing can be overdone
Evening star., 1947-08-22

concerning the carrying OF firearms The
police force of this area is splendid, and it Is
up to the public and to those who make the
laws to unite their hands so they may give
their fullest efficiency to protecting the citizens
of our city.
If there is any way in which I can be Of
assistance in supporting your campaign for
action in this matter, shall devote all I have
toward the cause.
A MOTHER OF A VICTIM
Milford chronicle., 1947-07-18

LOS ANGELES-T a new
golf club combing driver, mid-iron,
mashie, niblick, clipper and putter.
Designed to ease the load on the
backs of caddie-less golfers, the
club is the equivalent of a matched
set of six clubs, the manufacturer
claims.
An adjustable shaft and two re-
placeable clubheads make up the
Trija. The brain child of DR.. J. j.
JakOsky. scientist, engineer and
amatuer golfer. the club comes in
two models, one of which may be
dismantled and carried in a trav-
cling bag.
The length of the club may be
changed automatically, longer for
driver and mid-iron, medium for
mashie and niblick, and short for
clipper and putter.
One clubhead has two sockets.
In one socket the club may be either
a. driver of midiron, depending
on how the locking device at the
end of the shaft is inserted into the
clubhead. In the other socket of the
first head, the club is either a put
ter or clipper.
The second head is either mash
lie or a niblick. The player does not
have to adjust the heads, since the
clubhead angle is fixed automati-
cally.
Milford chronicle., 1947-07-18
Pack Horses
Kill an Elk Calf

YELLOWSTONE PARK, Wyo. -
(P)- When an elk calf wandered
into a pasture usel by park pack
horses, the latter promptly at
tackled the wild stranger, kicking
and biting it fiercely.
The mother elk finally drove the
horses away and stood guard for
several hours over the calf before
realizing it was dead.
Milford chronicle., 1947-07-18
CEDAR NECK
Keep tie heart sViM all diligence"
Methodist Church

Rec. E. N. Wright, Pastor
Sunday, July 20
200 p. m.-Sunday school.
300 p. m.-SermOn.
"The hearing ear, and the Sreing
eye, the Lord hath made eVrH both Of
them. Proverbs 2O:12.
Mrs James D. Mills, Sr., re-
Gently entertained his sister, Miss
Mia Macklin, her aunt, Miss Allie
Macklin of Ellendale and her cou-
sin, Roy Macklin of Wilmington.
Mr.. and Mrs. F. Davis Watson
visited Mr.. and Mrs. c. Edmund
Taylor and Miss Minnie Coffin of
Lincoln on Friday evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. Thomas Carroll
accompanied Mrs. Carroll's bro
ther and wife, Mr.. and Mrs. Fran
els Messick of Milford on a week.
end trip to Atlantic City.
Mrs. Eugene Mills has returned
home after having enjoyed a week
with her sister-in-law, Mrs. Brant-
ley Donovan.
Mr. and Mrs. Earl Watson, Mr.
and Mrs. Jay Watson and Mr.. and
Mrs. Harry Swain of Lincoln spent
the day on Sunday at Oak Or
chard.
Mrs. Lance Lynch and daugh-
ters, Barbara and Harriet, spent
Thursday with her parents, Mr..
and Mrs. Thomas E. Mills, Sr.
NH,.c Dooo
guest on Thursday of Mr.. and Mrs.
George Draper at Slaughter Beach.
Mrs. Garfield Sharp, Mrs. Melin-
da Mills and Mrs. Thomas Z. Molls,
Sr., spent some time recently with
relatives who are vacationing at
Rehoboth, namely: Mrs. Leroy
Wright, Mrs. Thomas Cardwell,
and Mrs. Paul Barr of Whining
ton.
A number of our folks enjoyed a
claiming party at Townsend's
Landing on Friday. These friendly
outings together do much toward
keeping the wonderful spirit OF
friendliness that exists in our
neighborhood.
Mrs. Ella Sharp, Mrs. Lydia
Mills and Mrs. Melinda Mills call
ed on Mr.. and Mrs. Paynter Sharp
on Thursday.
Guests of Mr.. and Mrs. ElwOod
Mills on Sunday were Mrs. Harry
Clendaniel and Miss Ethel Beard
sley, sisters of Mrs. Mills.
Mr.. and Mrs. William H. Ben
nett of LynwoOd. Pa, enjoyed few
days visit recently with Mrs. Will
liam A. Purks.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Cannon OF
Bratten Heights spent Friday eve
ming with Mr.. and Mrs. Thomas
Clark and son Jackie.
Weekend guests of Mrs. Viii.
liam A. Purks were Mr.. and Mrs
Harry Mitchell of Denton, Md, anC
Mr.. and Mrs. Philip Potts of Will
mington.
Mrs. Winnie Clark and daughter
Miss Lima Clark of Greenwood
spent Tuesday afternoon with Mr.
and Mrs Thomas Clark and sol
Jackie Jackie returned home will
his grandmother and aunt for 4;
short visit.
Mrs. F. Davis Watson will at
tend a session of the Peninsula
Conference w. S. C.. S. Summe
School of Missions and Christial
Service at Wesley Junior Colleg,
at Dover this week.
The Cedar Grove Farm Bureau
picnic will be held at the cottag
of Russell Robbins at Slaughte
Beach on Thursday, July "a. Brinl
IA basket lunch for the noon meal
There will be speaking of interes
at 2 o'clock. All members ant
= friends of the group are urged t
attend.
an dOinq good 10 others qVe find HH
= happiness"
Milford chronicle., 1947-07-18

Pellagra, scurvy, and ricketts, are
starvation diseases.
Nearly all England was once
forest; now only two million of
her 81 million acres are wooded.
Milford chronicle., 1947-07-18
29.sD!5S

90 compact :. easy to move
around requires no ground
nor aerial. Five tubes in.
SiuG Siuaing rectifier. Slide rule
G Gial gives pin-point tuning To-
FlaStlc cabinet, ivory finish
Milford chronicle., 1947-07-18

Cat the smart effect Of white
sidewalks. These metal rilHS
are easy to install. Baked
enamel finish >. easy 70 Ae0S
clean. VIII not rust
Milford chronicle., 1947-07-18

Tastest skates on the hill,
aids hids love these streamlined ned
easy-rolling skates. StronS,
steel frames, rubber cnsbio,9
eG s,1o. TO absorb shock. Nickel
plated. With key. 'Ae'
Evening star., 1947-08-05
AILING COCKER.

(Fron, Mrs. E. d. c., BeltSDflle.)
For Mrs. ]. D., Chevy Chase. We
have female fox terrier who is
now 13 years old. Four years ago
she was afflicted with chorea and
the veterinarian told us 1t was very
doubtful that she would outgrow
the jerk and heaving that it left
her with. We were also told that
she would suffer no pain, and to
treat her normally. We followed
this course, but to our great sur
prise, she has now about 95 per
cent complete recovery. The only
change we followed came about dur
ing the war, when we were unable