davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-09-04
Hemisphere Census

Representatives of twenty-one different
nations are meeting in Washington this
week to plan census OF the Western
Hemisphere in 1850. The fruits of their
discussions should be of interest to every
inhabitant of the Columbian half of the
globe. From the patterns of procedure
which they develop in their present assem-
bly, may come innumerable advantages
for millions Of living people and for 8
still larger number of people not yet born
census in the modern sense of the
word is much more important enterprise
than a mere counting of noses such as
Moses ordered among the Israelites in
1890 BIC. 1t goes far beyond the scope
of the tally commanded by Servius Tullius
OF every Romans estate at five-year
intervals beginning in 566 BIC. The listing
of the Hebrews was for prospective
military purposes and that of Rome for
taxation A more complex civilization
than any of ancient times requires data
for wide variety of reasons and on a
wide variety of subjects. The populations
of the twenty-five countries of the hemi-
sphere are to be registered, and this in
itself will be valuable to statisticians
dealing with problems affecting even the
most obscure and humble of persons
Equally vital, however, are the questions to
be asked about cultural and social matters.
When the New World census has been
completed there should be available to
students a completely new picture of
literacy, living conditions, health, housing,
agriculture. trade and financial operations,
transportation, communication and, most
notably, labor in multiplicity of aspects.
The work, of course, will be difficult.
Much of the preliminary effort already
has been put forward by the special COM
mittee of the Inter American Statistical
Institute, now in session here. The sched-
ules of inquiry and reporting which Its
members are framing require vision as
well as experience 1t is imperative that
the approved formulas should have natural
appeal to all classes and conditions OF
the hemisphere's residents The census
will succeed in exactly the ratio OF the
sponsoring governments capacity to win
the active and energetic support OF agen-
cies functioning in the cities, towns and
villages of the two American continents.
Evening star., 1947-09-04
Letters to The Star
Praises Stars Sex.Crime Campaign

Praises Stars Sex.Crime Campaign
To the Editor Of The Star:
Law enforcement, social and psychiatric
forces in the District have been heartened
recently by The Stars strong support of ade-
quate sex -crime legislation for our community.
Your articles together with the known favor
able attitude Of congressional leaders and the
strong advocacy by the bench. bar, police and
civic groups, OF greater protection in this field'
give promise of early, resultful action.
It is q particularly difficult field Of juris-
prudence for which to enact sound and socially
useful laws-laws that will safeguard society
from potential killers while, at the same time,
protecting individual rights, notably the rights
of mentally sick individuals
AS long ago as April 2, 1947, a bill (HR. 293D
designed to deal with the sex-crime offender
was introduced in the House. The D. c. Social
Hygiene Society was invited by Chairman Dirk
sen of the House District Committee to study
and report on this draft. Our societys presl-
dent, Dr. William P. Herbst, appointed the
following committee to study 1t: Judge Fay
L. Bentley, D. c. Juvenile Court; James V.
Bennett, chief, Federal Bureau Of Prisons; DR..
j. R. Heller, chief, Division of Venereal Disease,
U. s. Public Health Service; Rhoda Mliilken,
chief, Women's Bureau, Metropolitan Police
Department: DR.. Winfred Overholser super
intendent. St. Elizabeths Hospital, and myself.
Though compelled to report adversely on this
BILL the committee urged further study toward
the formulation of legislation that would be
both fair and eficient-legally, socially and
psychiatrically. Hence 1t is most encouraging
To note the strong assurances Of U. S. Attorney
,fc&o eynn0rferS that the
subject will receive prompt and continuing
attention until the right formula is evolved
Meanwhile we may rest assured that Wash
ington's mothers and fathers will maintain
their keen interest in seeing their children
guarded against these most sinister types OF
exploitation.
RAY H. EVERETT,
Executive Secretary, Social Hygiene Society.
Evening star., 1947-09-04
Russiu and BuIouriu

A decent respect to the opinions of man.
kind should impel the men of the Kremlin
to reply favorably to our latest note on
the notorious Petkov case and Bulgarian
political repression in general. The un-
usually sharp and unvarnished language of
that note is completely justified. Russia
can reject it only at the cost of making
itself seem altogether faithless to its
solemn Yalta pledges and its obligations
under the Charter of the United Nations
The facts involved are simple enough.
First of all, under the Yalta agreement,
Russia, Britain and the United States are
committed to work together to establish
representative government in Bulgaria.
We and the British have acted in concert
to that end, but the Russians have followed
an exactly opposite course. With their
blessing, If not with their active help,
the Communist t-dominated government at
Sofia has made mockery of the Yalta
guarantees. In ruthless totalitarian style,
with duplicity and terrorism, it has done
away with virtually all opposition. Thus,
the democratic Agrarian Party despite its
great number of followers, has been bra
zenly hquidated, and its leader, Nikola
Petkov, had been condemned to death on
vague charges of conspiracy" after trial
just described by the State Department as
"scandalous"
In answer to our earlier protests against
all this dirty work, the Russians have re-
buked us for rude interference" in the
internal affairs of independent" Bulgaria
Our latest note, however, bluntly reminds
them of their Yalta responsibilities and of
the fact that the country still is under
Allied control Further, mincing no words,
it charges them with violating the obliga-
tions they share with us and the British
1t charges them, too, with negating our
rights as signatory to the Bulgarian
armistice. And on these and other grounds
it renews our demand for an Anglo
American Soviet review Of the Petkov case
and for concerted three-power action to
effectuate the Yalta guarantees. Certainly
as the note declares, it is "manifestly pre-
posterous" for any one to pretend that
those guarantees are in force now The
only thing in force is the force of the
terroriStic Communist regime
The Bulgarian situation, of course, fits
into the larger pattern OF political repres-
sion characterizing all the Soviet satel-
lites, and there may be little or no chance,
therefore, that the Kremlin will accede to
our demand. Nevertheless, with the Gen
eral Assembly of the United Nations sched-
uled to meet within fortnight, our latest
in long, series of protesting notes is
wholly timely and wholly to the point IT
it does not move the Stain government to
favorable action, at least it will add i'm
portant new evidence to historical, record
that the world needs to keep straight.
As of now, that record speaks Ill of the
Russians. Sooner or later, unless they
change 1t for the better, it will force
a fateful showdown over the question
whether they have any right to belong to
the United Nations and still fiout its
principles in Bulgaria and elsewhere be-
hind the Iron Curtain. The answer cannot
be delayed indefinitely.
Evening star., 1947-09-04
Executive Secretary. Social Hygiene Soc
Problem of Exodus 1947

FfODIem OIL EXODUS 4Sff
To the Editor Of The Star:
When the Exodus 1947 was brought into
Haifa on July 10 and its passengers transhipped
to deportation vessels, it was generally under
stood that they would be sent, like others be-
fore them, to Cyprus leaflets to this effect were
distributed among them. Later. however, the
British announced that the refugees were to
be returned to their port of sailing in France.
Once back at Port de Bouc, the refugees re-
fused to land in France, although they ex-
pressed gratitude to the French Government
for its offer of hospitality and for the food and
other supplies sent aboard France, loyal to its
traditional belief in the liberty of the individual,
refused to countenance the use Of force against
the passengers. Despite the appalling condi-
tions aboard the vessels where the refugees were
kept below deck almost the whole time, not
withstanding the intense heat, and where sani-
tary arrangements verged on the dangerous.
the people refused to land. In the hope Of
wearing down their resistance, the British kept
the men. women (of whom some so are preg-
Evening star., 1947-09-04

nanD and children aboard the vessels at Port
de Bouc for nearly three weeks. Finally, ind
ing them still adamant in their decision, the
Foreign Office announced that the refugees
were to be taken to Hamburg. Once in British
controlled territory 1t was apparently thought
that force could be used to disembark Them
or as the British statement declared, they
would mot be allowed to remain aboard" The
latest information is that three degrees OF COM
pulsion will be used-"manhandling hosepipes
and tear gas" Only II this persuasion" falls
will troops be called in.
The British authorities tried to justify their
decision not to send the refugees to Cyprus, but
none of their explanations hold good on exam
ination. Thus they said that the British zone
Of Germany was the only place where there
was possibility of housing and feeding the
refugees at short notice. Nevertheless. reports
from Cyprus indicated that as soon as the news
came about the interception of the Exodus,
the camp authorities began preparations to
receive the newcomers.
Almost every incident In connection with the
Exodus has been q blow to principles OF
freedom and democracy The boarding OF the
Exodus we'll outside Palestine territorial
waters, the ramming OF the vessel by Royal
Navy cruisers and the use Of force which re-
suited In the death Of three passengers Gas
vouched for in a sworn statement made by
an American newspaperman, John Grauel,
who made the voyage from France for the
Churchman) can only be described as piracy.
The detention of the refugees in prison cages
aboard the deportation vessels for several weeks
is tantamount to shanghaiing. Finally. the de-
cision to take the refugees back to Germany.
where the air is still foul with the stencil OF
the crematoria, is the act of sadistic bully
wreaking revenge on group Of helpless human
beings.
Britain's savage behavior toward the Ex-
odus refugees must have shocked every free
DOM loving American. However. the British
government today has an opportunity OF re-
trievlng its reputation. by permitting the Ex-
odus refugees to enter Palestine, in keeping
with the UNSCOP recommendation for the
admission of 10000 refugees over a two-year
period beginning with the publication Of the
committees report We trust that the makers
of public opinion in the United States will join
their voices both in protest at Britain's blatant
disregard of the elementary rights Of man and
in the demand that the men and women OF
the Exodus be taken Immediately to Pales-
tine. ELIAHU EPSTEIN,
Director, the Jewish Agency for Palestine.
Evening star., 1947-09-04
Atom-Powered Fleets

It is typical of Vice Admiral Edward L.
Cochrane that, in retiring after thirty y-seven
years of distinguished naval service, he
looks forward to the Navy of the future,
rather than indulge in retrospection of the
Navy as he has known it in the past. Be-
cause he is the man who directed the build
ing of thousands of warships during World
War II, and because he will continue his
interest in naval architecture at the
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology,
Admiral Cochrane's conception of atomic
age warfare Is of exceptional Importance.
AS chief of the Bureau of Ships during
vised the construction of the greatest fleet
of conventional warships ever known. That
is, the ships were conventional by World
War II standards, although they boasted
of such revolutionary improvements as
radar, rockets and proximity-fuSed shells.
Then came the atomic bomb, with reper-
cussions that were felt in the drafting
rooms of naval architects and ordnance
experts the world over.
Hence, Admiral Cochrane has seen most
OF the fine ships of his stirring war years
relegated to obsolescence. But, while he
comedies the passing Of the ordinary
battleship, aircraft carrier and other pre-
atomic combat vessel, he by no means
rules the Navy from the seas of the future.
On the contrary, Admiral Cochrane, speak
ing from his experience as naval archi-
tect, foresees larger and more formidable
warships, built not only to resist atomic
}{oo oly b,,f ~ foL oIyorfaua ~ ofo 10
power for propulsion and counterattack.
He believes that carriers larger than the
forty FIVE thousand ton Midway will form
the nucleus of atomic fleets. They will be
powered by atomic engines and will be
equipped to launch atomic armed planes
and rockets.
Added significance is given Admiral
Cochrane's statements by the secrecy
shrouded cruise of the Midway, just begun
from Portsmouth. Virginia. Reports from
usually reliable sources" have it that the
Midway has been equipped with W. rocket
launchers, although official naval circles
refuse to deny or confirm the report. 1t
has been announced, moreover. that sew
eral warships still on the ways are being
reconstructed in line with lessons learned
from the Bikini tests.
In short, todays conventional ships
rapidly are being converted into unconven-
tional prototypes of the warships of the
future. This process Of evolution undoubt-
edly will take long time. In the mean
time, as another retiring naval officer,
Vice Admiral George F. Hussey. told re-
porters, prudence requires that we hold
onto enough of our conventional ships to
defend our coasts and bases until the
revolutionary ships and weapons are ready
to go into action. And that will be quite a
few years in the future, according to those
qualified to express an opinion.
Evening star., 1947-09-04

Obviously, the local authorities everywhere
must help intelligently. The same observa-
tion applies to schools, churches, voluntary
associations like the Red Cross, fraternal
bodies, trade unions, the press, radio,
motion pictures. One grand result of the
whole tremendous business should be that
of demonstrating the power of mutually
in the New World-a useful force for the
service of all humanity.
Evening star., 1947-09-04

than 10000 personnel. The trouble is that
there are not enough good jobs to go
around. Hence. a chronic struggle between
Gins" and "outs," in which the average
citizen has little or no concern. Ideologies
play only minor part.
Evening star., 1947-09-04
SLOGAN Revised

TO the Editor Of Int StAf:
With my landlord asking for higher rent.
prices Of food and clothing going higher and
higher, think that the Republicans 1916
slogan should be revised slightly It should
read: Had enough? Vote Republican and
you'll never have enough!"
MRS. B. BROWN.
Evening star., 1947-09-04

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address OF the
1Driter, although it is permissible TOR
,Driter knoWn to The Star to use a
nom de plume. Please be briet.
Evening star., 1947-09-04
BY THE HAsK1N SERVICE.

@. Under what authority does Congress have
the right to punish for contempt2-L. r. F.
A. Although the power to punish contempt
was not specifically granted Congress by the
Constitution the power has always been ex-
ercised by Congress on the ground OF implied
power and the usage of the State Legislatures
and tho British Parliament. The Supreme
Court In 1921 held that the power to punish
contempt must be assumed to adhere In each
house, otherwise Congress would be exposed
to every tndignity and interruption that rude
ness, caprice or even conspiracy may mediate
against It,"
Q. What is a golden hamster3-M. 6. r.
A. A golden hamster is a rodent about seven
inches long with deep golden-brown fur and
looks something like a chipmunk. One pair
may increase to 1000 a year. Used for
scientific research, they are being raised by
about 5000 amateurs and professionals in the
United States.
O. Did the first airplane carrying mail from
Washington to New York reach its destinations
r.. D. z.
A. On May is, 1918, when the first mail
carving plane left Washington, the pilot. after
flying for q short distance, lost his bearings
and landed on Maryland farm 25 miles out Of
Washington. In landing he broke a propeller
blade 80 that it was necessary to rescue the
mail by automobile.
@. II one has money stolen from him can he
deduct Vt from his income In making his income
tax return2-N c. r.
A. II the theft has been properly reported
to the police so that the facts can be estab-
lished it can be deducted. The proper place
for such q deduction was indicated on page 3 OF
tho 1946 return. However, If one uses the
standard deduction tables in computing his
tax the money theft cannot be separately de-
Quoted. since In these tables allowance
has been made for all deductions.
Evening star., 1947-09-04

1t used to be that everybody looked out
of the window when plane was heard
passing. Nowadays people look out when
they don't hear any going over.
Evening star., 1947-09-04

If Princess Ashrat Pahlavi is going to be
Red Cross nurse, a lot of fellows are likely
to be willing to be sick or even wounded.
Evening star., 1947-09-04

Red Riding Hoods wolf was relatively
harmless compared with some OF the pres
ent pack.
Evening star., 1947-09-04
Questions and Answers

reader can obtain the answer to any question
Of fact BY writing The Evening Star Information
Bureau, 316 I street NE. Washington 2. d. c.
Please include cents for return postage.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-08
TO BE CUT
FROM WATERWAYS

Advertisement for contracts for
the removal of shoals in many of
North Cardinals inland waterways
will begin within 80 days, U. S.
district engineers have announced.
Following a survey of the water
ways from the Virginia to the
South Carolina state lines, district
engineers r now preparing plans
and specifications for the taking
out of many bad shoals.
Work on the contracts is expect
ed to begin within 60 days.
Areas to be effected by the sur.
vey will include the Alligator River
land cut where a long shoal will
be removed. Two shoals are to be
cut away in the Adams creek
Core creek land cut, two from
Guthrie Point to Swansboro, one
from Bear creek to New Bern
three from the Wrightsville cause
way to Everett creek, five large
shoals from Everett creek to the
Cape Fear river with a series ct
smaller shoals also being effected,
and two shoals from Shallotte
river to Seaside.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-08
NATIONAL GUARD
TO HAVE NO CAMP
Gen. Van B. Metts Says
Strength insufficient For
Summer Training

RALEIGH, May 7 - North
Carolina National Guardsmen will
not have a summer encampment
this year, Brig. Gen. J. Van B..
Nets, state adjutant general, said
today. .
Nets said guard strength is not
sufficient to justify an encamp-
ment. The units already organized
are not equipped for an encamp-
ment which normally lasts about
IS days, the general said.
Only units which have had fed
erai inspection by April Is would
be eligible for the encampment {,
Nets said, and at that time the
strength in the state was only 465
officers and men. The state has a
quota of $4,000 officers and men.
Since April Is, the general ex-
planned, recognized strength OF
the guard has grown to 633 in Is
units, and within the next few
weeks the progress of organize
ton should boost the total to L.
200.
The general said that he artlcl-
pated that the guard would be
ready for encampment next sum-
mer. He has just returned from
two-day conference of guaro off,
Gals in Atlanta, Ga. He was ac'
ccmpanied by Col. F. M. Fits,
Jr., senior guard instructor for
the state, and 1t. Col. M. H.
Austell, acting property and dis
bursting officer.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-08
Saving Face, United Nations Gives
Arabs Right ToSpeakO On Palestine;
Senate Upsets Republican Leaders
Status
Now Granted
A y, Arabian
Delegates Have Equal
Presentation Time

LAKE SUCCESS, N. Y, May Z.
-PtThe United Nations assemb-
ly on Palestine in an unprecedent-
ed extraordinary session approved
by a 80 to 1 vote late today a
face-savi-g compromise giving the
Arab higher committee equal stat
us with the Jewish agency before
the U. N.
Guatemala cast the only negative
vote. Russia and ten other coun-
tries abstained on a show of hands
in a crowded committee room
where tn assembly met.
The day was filled with prece-
dents as tae assembly proper held
its first meeting at the Lake Sue
cess headquarters of the U. N.
Usually the assembly convenes at
Flushing Meadows but the dele
gates considered the Arab question
so urgent that they gathered here
for the IS minute emergency ses-
sion.
Situation Today
At the end of the day the situa-
ton was:
1. The assembly had acceded to
the demand of the Arab states and
the Arab higher committee to be
heard on an equal footing with the
Jewish agency for Palestine. The
CONTINUED on Page Two; Col. A.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-08
Judges Toss Tea Leaves To The Night;
Pioneering Easy If You Have Millions
Along The Cape Fear

the death of her brother was al
fecting her.
TRY'S TO CHERISH GIRL
Old Captain Silas would tell Nancy
to buck up and then he would say.
We've both got to buck up"
Nancy would throw herself in
her fathers arms and tears would
drip down his coat. In three days
the girl was getting very low, AND
her face was burned with fever.
Her condition was getting bad
and Old Silas was at her bedside
almost constantly.
DELIRIOUS - On May %, a
particular hot day, Nancy was
tossed in her bunk, almost dellr.
ious, she turned to her father ano
CROPPED for his hand.
AS she layed on the bunk she
would whisper to her father, DAD
I'm afraid. If I die, don't bury
me in the sea. I'll be so lonesome
(C~ontinued, On Page; Two COL o
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-08
SCIENTIST DUNKING
PEOPLE IN WELLS AS
LATEST HEART TEST

MINNEAPOLIS, May 7-(P)-
University of Minnesota scientists
are dunking people in a well in an
attempt to determine how a fat
persons heart and veins are 60
ing to stand up under the strain
of modern living.
The water isn't cold, however,
it's heated to body temperature -
and from the dunking experiments
the scientists learn how much an
average cubic inch of one person
weighs as well as the fat content:
The experiment was started as a
result of findings by Prof. ANGEL
Keys of the university physlolo-
gical hygiene department when ne
conducted starvation diet expert
ments during the war with con-
scientious DIRECTORS.
DR.. Keys said there seemed to
be a relationship between the
amount of fat in a persons body,
the amount of tension in his per
sonality, and the way his heart
and blood vessels reacted. thus
the dunking tests.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-08
SALESMAN FACING
Staying CHARGE
Winston Salem Insurance
Representative Held Fol-
lowing Wife's Death
N May 7.

WINSTON-SALEM, May Z. up
- Joseph E. Harrington, SO, in
surance salesman, will be arraign-
ed in Municipal court Thursday
morning on a charge of murder IN
connection with the shotgun Staying
of his wife. Police Chief John M.
Gold said tonight.
Mrs. Carrie York Harrington
died at a hospital here today OF
wounds in the abdomen which
Chief Gold said we're inflicted by
her husband on April Is.
Chief Gold said Harrington told
him he pointed a shotgun at his
wife during a family quarrel over
his drinking. He said he snapped
the trigger to scare his wife, not
knowing the gun vas loaded, Chief
Gold reported.
Mrs. Harrington received the
full discharge of the gun in the
abdomen.
Two days after she was wounded,
Mrs. Harrington requested police
to allow her husband to visit her.
He was taken to the hospital under
heavy police guard and spent sew
eral minutes with his wife.
Chief Gold said Harrington was
charged with murder today short
w after his wife died. He is beng
held in city jail without bona.