davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-05-03

verted destroyers IN working out
military problems.
"A Navy ofHcial said ..by far the
most important and dimcult prob
lems" that confront the Navy con-
Germ technical developments involved
In ur1dersea warfare. He explained
that use Of the submarine as an
attack weapon has progressed be-
yond the knowledge OF defense
against 1t, and work has to be done
on counter-mcasures.
The Navy envisicns situation, he
added, In which the submarine
might be the ideal medium by
which to move troops and cargo un-
detected.
Polar Concept" Emphasized.
Military strategists have been
placing increasing emphasis on the
polar concept" of a possible future
war because the shortest way for
aircraft and guided missiles to reach
this country from Europe is over
the North Pole.
The Navys request last night was
only for authorization for the pro-
gram, not actual funds. The plan
calls for spending the money In
three years, including $5,03o ,0Oo in
the II months starting July i.
The department also asked au-
thorization for a $127 ,800, 600 outlay
Evening star., 1947-05-03

porarily shelyed the question to
await the results cf the National
Assemb1y,s vote tomorrow an Z mo-
ton Of confidence posed ~ MI.
ERamadier.
There appeared little doubt that
the Communists would either ballot
against-or abstain from voting on
the motion. thereby confronting
Socialist elder statesman Leon Blum
and President Vincent Auriol di-
rectly with the problem Of whether
to let Mr.. Ramadier resign, or to
shake up his cabinet, with the Com
munists out. !.
In the event that the Communists
--as IS expected refuse to indorse
Mr.. Ramadier's wage-freeze pro-
gram, the Socialists have decided to
put the whole question up to an en-
larged party National Council Tues
day night.
Evening star., 1947-05-03
Army MhiieWdsh Charged
In Philippines piIierinq
" II. Assoc;c,ed Prs,

MANILA, May 3.The American
owned Manila Bulletin declared to-
day that the United States War
Department was trying to white
wash widespread pilfering from
Army bases In the Philippines.
In signed article by Editor Ford
wilkins, the Bulletin said the War
Department In its statement earlier
this week intended to close the
whole matter" and said nothing Of
further investigation, about the
responsibility of officers and person.
mel for missing materiel, or about
punishment for wrongdoing.''
The statement by the War De-
partment Tuesday said pilferage Of
Army supplies has been and con-
tinues to be difficult problem" but
added that published figures Of the
amount OF losses were misleading.
Evening star., 1947-05-03
French Labor Parties
Maneuyer Near Split
u Ne A.,e<;c,ed Pres,

PARIS. May 3.-France's two
working class parties Socialists and
unists-maneuvered warily to-
day toward q possible break that
could have in1measurable conse-
quences for the future OF Western
Europe.
Over the crisis that threatened to
topple Premier Paul Ramadier;s
coalition cabinet hung the momen-
tous question:
VIII the Socialists take the bold
gamble of continuing at the head
OF the government with their rival
labor party-the Communists in
the opposition, free to paralyze the
country with general strike?
Last night Socialist leaders tenn
Evening star., 1947-05-03
Navy 10 Test Patrol
|0f Arctic With Subs
That Garry Troops
BY ,hs Assoeia.sd Press

The Navy plans a 355 ,580, 900 ex-1
pertinent in new phases of under
sea warfare, including the use Of
submarines to detect airplanes over
the Arctic Ocean.
The department asked Congress
last night for authority to convert
nine destroyers. four submarines
and two other ships for operations
in the Polar regions.
Two of the submarines would be
made into troop carriers, a third
into cargo carrier and the fourth
would become an Arctic picket or
reconnaissance craft capable Of
'prowling through ice-filled waters.
The destroyers would be equipped
with latest anti-submarine devices,
some on the secret list, presumably
to cope with such fast, long-range
undersea boats as the Germans put
into action toward the end Of World
War III.
LSD to Be Used.
The two other ships are q speedy
attack transport, to be equipped
with icebreaking equipment for car
rying troops and cargo in Arctic
water, and one LSD Qanding ship,I
dock), which can be modified into a
type capable of carrying heavy con-
struction cargo through icef1elds.
The submarines to be converted to-
cargo and troop carriers would em-
body all developments OF World War
II. The initial underwater trans
ports probably will be outfitted to
carry about 100 troops, in addition
to crew Of 60.
The Arctic picket" Navy off,
cials said, would be used as eyes
and ears" to detect plane move
ments and for other functions of
secret nature
= The conversion of the surface yes
sells was described officially as need
ed ito fully explore the polar re-
gions." These regions, particularly
the Arctic, have assumed impor-
tance because they may be used asI
routes for piloted aircraft or guided
missiles.
Another Bill Pending.
The LSD provides a good founda-
tion on which to develop ship that |
can force its way into ice-blocked
waters, carrying all types OF boats |
and heavy construction cargo.
Already pending in Congress Is
another bill authorizing two exper-
mental submarines, to be equipped
with the latest in developments for
underseas attack These would be
used In connection with the con-
Evening star., 1947-05-03

Weterfrent coIoniaI home directly
On South River tsait woter), 4
miles from Boy. Own sand beech,
1oo-ft. wherf. Fishing, bootins.
Beautiful views. Landseapsd plot
ioox12o feet, IS minutes from
Wosh.: cor pools; s miles from
Annapolis. Bus, aiso school bus.
Heuss entirely remodeIed prewer.
! rooms and both, modern fixtures,
hot heat and oil burner, full
bronze screens, screened porch. etc.
Z firepIeess. Price, Si7,5oo. An
nspoiis 6oz5 or Boz zo5-c. Stor.
Evening star., 1947-05-03

to build and improve installations
and bases, Of which $60. .500, 90
would be spent In Newfoundland,
Alaska, Guam, Pearl Harbor, Puerto
Rico. the Panama Canal Zone,
Saipan and Greenland.
Evening star., 1947-05-03

Small and medium evergreen
trees may be successfully trans
planted at any season Of the year
except hot Summer.
Evening star., 1947-08-15

ond time. So currency reform remains in
allegiance.
Unfortunately, the Indications are that
this is not merely an attempt of the Rus
slams to pull smart trick and make us
pay for it. One OF the major points in
Communist strategy everywhere is the
ruin of the currency in any land which
is the object of Communist attack. That
strategy was laid down long ago by Lenin,
who proclaimed that ruinous imitation is
the surest groundwork for revolution.
Moscow is apparently determined that
Germany shall not recover economically
except on its own terms. So the blocking
of German currency reform fits in nicely
with that determination. In this connec-
ton, it is noteworthy that similar maneu-
vers by the Russians against currency
stabilization are taking place in Austria,
where the inf1ationary peril is almost
equally grave.
Evening star., 1947-08-15
DR.. William Charles White

Devoting his major energies to the pro-
motion of organized cooperation in the
battle against disease, DR.. William Charles
White will be remembered among the
great strategists of medicine. His prepara-
ton for the work he was to do was notable
Toronto, Johns Hopkins, Leipzig and
Heidelberg were his schools. He taught
at Indiana and at Pittsburgh and served
with the Red Cross in France and Italy
in the First World War. Meanwhile, he
had begun in 1907 the campaign against
tuberculosis for which he became known
throughout his adopted country. Secre-
tary of the Treasury Andrew w. Mellon
summoned him to Washington to be chair
man of the Board of Consultants on Hos
pitalization for veterans. From 1920 until
1946 he headed the Medical Research Com
mittee Of the National tuberculosis Associ-
alton. He likewise was a leader in the
medical division of the National Research
Council, the National Institute OF Health,
the District of Columbia Association for
the Prevention of tuberculosis and the
District of Columbia Cancer Society.
Such an outline of DR.. Whites activities
necessarily gives an inadequate impression
of him. His life was rich with interests
which do not appear in a formal who's
who" sketch. He gave much of his time
and strength to purely volunteer endeavor,
presiding over the Cosmos Club, being
treasurer of the local Medical Academy,
taking part in the meetings of the Literary
Society and many different fraternities.
With the classic philosophers OF old,
he could say: "I am man and nothing
human Is alien to me-"
The loss which the universal community
suffers in the passing of personality so
Evening star., 1947-08-15
For Their Sukes

We take the blood fired torch OF human
hope
From hands of sons Dho gaze their hoes
that zOe
Might reap the harvest Valor saped; 1hose
scope
Astounds like probing dreams hypet-
boIei
Until mans memory has fo,on his soul.
And love denies the lure. OF sacrifice
The mill to outlau zpar Is on patrol
A uorldaoide lasting peace wiH pay the
pricei &
We ayiH not fail the tatherless and lone,
Nor generations marked for ~ars TO
come.
For bread ,oiu loue proptde martyrs
stone?
Can lips torbear the 1oarntng Dord, gro1o
dumb?
,rno,, a,pakened souls the Datoning breaks!
A hand is aoritino: "For Their Sakes"!
JOSEPH HERBERT BEAM
Evening star., 1947-08-15

park, has three pet aversions. One (Which is
wholly impersonal, for otherwise he is great
admirer of C. K Berryman) is for the man
who popularized the Teddy Bear and uncon-
sciously removed all caution from tourists
insofar as Yellowstone bears are concerned.
(The statistics"on tourists who got too familiar
with bears are impressive) Another of Mr.
Rogers aversions is for the manufacturers of
facial tissue, widely used for many purposes
by tourists and then discarded along the road
side. The third is for the manufacturers of
lipstick. Tourists like to write their names in
all sorts Of public places especially on rocks
which required several million years to form
Lipstick is not easily removed from such rocks
The geologists of another age, exploring the
Yellowstone, will be hard put to name the
element which is adding new shade of pink
to the better understood discolorations of the
park.
For the Yellowstone Park Co., operating the
concessions, the summer has been something
of nightmare. On August 5-taking specific
date-10.746 people entered the park. That
night beds were provided for 7470 Of them
in hotels, lodges and tourist cabins. Hundreds
of them slept in their cars, in trailers or in
their own camp equipment This being q
Government reservation, each tourist becomes
proprietor as soon as he enters the park and
assumes the privileges and prerogatives of
one. If he can find no place to sleep-although
he forgot to tell anybody he was coming-he
harbors a curious type of resentment, usually
expressed by threat to write to his Congress
man about 1t. And the park service, though
not responsible for housing, gets the complaints
on the rebound and spends some time answer
ing them.
Most Tourists Pleased.
But for every complaining tourist, thousands
of his brethren leave the park with deep
sense of gratitude for the foresight of those
who set aside this remarkable area for the
enjoyment of himself and of future generations
of Americans. They too, should write to their
Congressman, urging more money-for it takes
money-to preserve the park for future genera
tions. few years ago annual appropriations
amounted to $1.74 per visitor, which went for
administration protection and maintenance OF
the park. This year the appropriation comes
to only 81 cents per visitor and the made
uuacies of proper maintenance are too apparent
in the litter along park highways, insuficiency
Of policing, etc.
This is park for the enjoyment of all
the people In spite of the crowds, there is
plenty of room for all who care to come and
who take the trouble to plan visit in ad-
vance, by proper reservations. But the house
keeping job within the park needs some OF
the same foresight and conception that were
responsible, rs years ago, for the dedication
of this area Its proper preservation requires
more than the park service is getting. The
Government receives substantially more from
the money paid by tourists who visit the park
than it is spending on the park. 1t should
plow back more of this money into park main
tenance Or we shall witness the needless
deterioration of an asset which we are duty
bound to retain unimpaired. B. M. NICK.
Evening star., 1947-08-15
German Currency Deadlock

One of the less publicized yet basic
difficulties in the German situation is the
question of currency reform. AS matters
stand the German mark not only has no
exchange value with any foreign currency,
but is practically worthless within Ger
many itself. The blighting effect of this
absence of an effective and stable medium
OF exchange upon German economic re-
covery is self-evident. Indeed, our occupa-
tional authorities in Germany, from Gen
eral Clay down, consider currency reform
as vital as Ruhr coal.
To remedy this crippling economic i'll,
General Clay and his aides have long done
their best to bring about an agreement
among the occupational powers. But all
these efforts have come to naught owing
to the refusal of the Russians to consent
to any change except on terms which our
representatives cannot accept. And it is
highly significant that our refusal stems
from lack of confidence in Soviet good
faith, based upon bitter experience.
The American proposal centers about
the printing of new currency in the old
government printing plant at Berlin where
the process can be controlled and checked
by all four powers. The Russians insist
that they do part of the printing at a
plant in Leipzig, i'm the Russian zone,
where they would have physical possession
of set of the plates and could operate
without supervision.
This, of course, involves continuation
of what is undoubtedly one of the most
scandalous episodes in Soviet-American
relations. Toward the close of the war,
when plans were being made among the
Allies for the eventual occupation of the
Reich, the question of an occupation cur
rency arose. Thereupon, the Russians de-
manded that they be handed a set of plates
for their unrestricted use, on the threat
of printing their own currency and thereby
rendering postwar monetary stability i'm
possible. Very reluctantly, Our Govern
ment yielded to the Soviet demand, trust
ing that Moscow would not abuse the
privilege.
But that was just what Moscow did
The Reich was soon flooded with marks
obviously flowing from the Russian presses,
and those marks were redeemed for good
American dollars, involving exchange
losses running into something like $780,
100000. The Russians have refused to
make any accounting of their currency is
sues; and, though it is understood that
excess printing has now been stopped,
there is nothing to prevent them starting
the presses up again. General Clay has
therefore resolved not to get bitten sec
Evening star., 1947-08-15
Exit Georgio's Prison Comps

Georgias decision to abolish its dis
creditable highway camp system for con-
vlcts is a most commendable one. Find
ings in the recent bloody affray at the
Glynn County camp where eight Negroes
were shot to death by guards seeking to
quell a riot, revealed conditions amply
justifying a grand jury recommendation
that the camp be closed. The Glynn
County camp for colored prisoners and
the nearby Charlton County camp for
whites are the last of nine State camps.
The system had been marked by previous
outbreaks of violence, which, with the
Glynn County riot, revealed defects as
glaring as the former chain-gang plan.
An investigation of the Glynn County
uprising by County Commissioner Sam
Levine disclosed new details of the case
rejecting no credit on administration of
the camp. He declared he found guaros
at the Glynn camp drunk on one occasion
and he charged that they were subnormal
in intelligence and unfamiliar with proper
handling of guns. Moreover. he brought
out that the whole trouble started when
guards ordered the convicts into ditch
occupied by poisonous snakes. There was
no Justification for the Killings" he de-
clared at a hearing. "The. chief of police
and two policemen were there, but they
didn't see any reason to shoot the prison.
ers. They had tear gas guns which could
have been used" He said the position
of the bodies of the slain men indicated
that they were trying only to escape being
killed, not escape the camp. Only one
tried to get over the fence, he pointed out.
Despite this evidence, the grand jury
exonerated the warden and four guards
involved in the indiscriminate gunfire.
The jurors suggested, however. that all
such State camps be abolished, on the
general ground that long-term prisoners
could not safely be confined in them.
County road camps, which are said to be
much better conducted than the State
camps have been, will remain in opera
ton. The less desperate prisoners are
assigned to the county camps. It is obvi-
GUS that no prison camp should be per-
mitted to remain open under the sordid
conditions which prevailed at the Glynn
camp. Georgia has acted wisely in moving
to clear up situation which could only
bring disgrace upon the State and officials
responsible for its existence.
Evening star., 1947-08-15
BY THE HAsKIN SERVICE.

G. What was the cost of the trial of Col Jack
Durant for the theft Of the Hesse crown jewels?
From what Army funds was the trial financed?
W. H. D.
A. The War Department says that no COM
pilation of the total cost has been made. There
is an appropriation in Army Finance Service
entitled Expenses OF Courts-Martial which pays
all expenses incident to courts-martial except
the expense incurred in travel.
c. Has the exact spot where Peter Minuit
bought the island of Manhattan from the In
dians been identif1ed?-J. c. L.
A. The New York Historical Society says that
there is no authentic information to the
exact spot on which Peter Minuit met the In
dians at the time of the purchase of Manhat-
tan Island.
Q, What Is the largest city in canada?-A.
c. w.
A. Montreal is the largest city in Canada
and the second largest French-speaking city
in the world, exceeded in population only by
Paris, France.
Q. How many women in the armed forces
during World War II suffered service-con-
nected disabilities?-C. e. Y.
A. There were 10675 Woman'S veterans of
World War II on Veterans Administration pen
sion and compensation rolls as of June 80, 1946.
@. What country is the chief source Of the
worlds sugar supply?-B. B.
A. Cuba exports more sugar than any other
country. The island supplies a quarter of
the worlds consumption and nearly two-thirds
of all sugar used in the United States.
Q. Why do so many newspapers have the
name gazette?-V. c. j.
A. In Venice, in the 18th century, there
appeared an official newspaper which included
matters of general interest as well. It was
circulated for a small coin called a gasetta,
hence the name gazette
@. Which letter of the alphabet Is most often
mispronounced?-T. T.
A. The letter "u" is considered to be the
most difficult to pronounce accurately in all
its variations.
@. Why do moths eat wool?-E. V. M.
A. Research has shown that moths thrive ON
ordinary wool because their intestinal fluids
are alkaline and ordinary wool is easily soluble
in alkaline solution.
Evening star., 1947-08-15
This and That
BY Charles E. TracepeL.
"FIFTEENTH STREET.

Dear Sir:
Kindly let me know in your interesting
column about the hoop snake.
my son, who was born and raised in WASH
ington, says there Is no such snake.
IT am native Of Pennsylvania, and during
the orse-and-buggy days, while driving
through South Mountain, the horse suddenly
stopped because very large black hoop snake
came over the fence, came down 20-foot en-
bankment and went up the enbankment on
the other side.
'The snake was hoop shaped during the
entire time.
"Years ago I saw snake skins on a barn
door and they were hoop snakes.
"The man in charge of the Easton Pa)
Cemetery told me he saw hoop snakes there.
yours truly, P. S. G."
There seems to be little foundation for the
'hoop snake" as such.
Sometimes the mud snake of the South is
called a hoop snake, but there Is universal
agreement, except in the backwoods, that it
does not put its tail in its mouth and "just
go rollin' along"
There is on the tip of its tail sort of hard
knob, or spine.
q Legend has it that this, when stuck into a
tree, will kill it.
This snake Is about feet long, and is OF
such combined purple brown -black-blue color
that it Is difficult to say just what its color is.
Some authorities speak of the fantastic"
quality of all tales about hoop snakes, and gen.
orally pooh-pooh the idea.
Others declare there are two snakes called
hoop snakes in the South Atlantic States, that
one of them is blue-black above, with three
red lines, and flesh colored below with black
spots, and the other is blue-black above,
banded with red on the abdomen.
There is no record, however of either rolling
along with tail in mouth.
In fact, experts assert that the thing is
impossible, that no snake could manage to
get up speed in such position, much less keep
itself upright The tail plays too important q
part in balance for any respectable snake
to dispense with it in such summary manner.
There is lady at one of the nearby summer
resorts who had recent experience with a
blacksnake, recently lauded here. She is not so
enthusiastic.
Opening the door to her room one morning,
she saw what seemed to be a snake coiled in
the middle of the rug.
Hastily she slammed the door shut.
Then, thinking some Of the children had
played joke on her, she bravely opened the
door and started to investigate.
1t was a snake, all right, a blacksnake at
least feet long!
The lady retreated.
It later developed that the snake evidently
had come into the house through the cleanout
for the fireplace ashes.
And, what was more, evidently he had been
in the house all day for one Of the aforemen-
toned joke-players had seen it hours before!
Scarcely believing his eyes, he called his
brother to be witneSs-but when the other boy
got there, there was no snake. It was in hiding.
This led to much joking between the two,
with the result that neither said anything
about the matter, thinking he would be the
victim Of much laughter.
Fortunately, blacksnakes are not dangerous,
unless cornered, and it is questionable what
damage they could do, even in such q case, ex-
cept give one Q good fright.
Evening star., 1947-08-15

helpful is inealculable, indeed But Dr..
White, having built himself into enter
prises and institutions of enduring worth,
is assured of the only kind of immortality
that he would wish-the continuance of
the labors to which he was pledged. He
was good physician whose example is
in itself an endowment.
Evening star., 1947-08-15

The essential sanity of the American
people is something truly wonderful. Just
imagine 141,22S6ss people listening to the
tobacco auctioneer without going abso-
lutely berSerk!