davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-03-27
Minor Planets

Astronomers are resuming their
search for minor planets between
Mars and Jupiter. Before the Sec
ond World War interrupted their
hunt, they had counted about fif-
teen hundred fragments" moving
around the sun in a wide orbit. The
size of the pieces of rock" which
they thus far have listed ranges
from Chunks" as big as England or
Alabama to "bitS" about the dimen-
sions and weight of the Empire
State Building. Some of the flying
particles come within ten million
miles of the earth. How they got
started, where they are going even
tually, what is happening to them
meanwhile are questions for which
no satisfactory answers have been
provided by the professional watch
ers of the skies.
It is in hope that they may add
substantially to their knowledge of
minor planets that the astronomical
fraternity is returning to work on
the problem. The subject has been
under consideration since the days
of Johannes Kepler, who succeeded
Tycho Brahe at Prague in 1901. In
terest was accelerated by Sir William
HerschepS discovery of Uranus al
most exactly where his forerunners
of the seventeenth century had be-
lieved an important body was circu-
lating. Still greater enthusiasm for
the quest developed when Giuseppe
Piazzi at Palermo first saw Ceres
among the small stars of the con-
stellation Taurus on January /, 1901.
Juno and Vesta were contributed
to the asteroid family by Karl
Harding of Lilienthal and Heinrich
Olbers as early as 1904 and 1907.
Pluto in Cancer, predicted by Perci-.
val Lowell, finally was located by
C. W. Tombaugh in 1880.
Meanwhile, as DR.. Charles G.
Abbot of the Smithsonian Institu-
ton explains in his latest book,
THE Earth and the Stars" photo
graphic method of searching for
minor planets was invented. Whole
groups of celestial items are sus-
ceptible of being traced by tele-
scopic camera. Stars and asteroids
are readily detachable in the result
apt pictures. The list OF particles
compiled to date undoubtedly will
Evening star., 1947-03-27
(See Editori0

DR.. Overholser-First of all, may say
that we are asking for something over
100000 less than was appropriated in
1947.
Mr.. Keefe-Now, wait minute, doc
tor, right there. Do you mean to say
that you are here asking the committee
for less money than was appropriated
last year?
DR.. Overholser-Believe it or not sir;
I am.
Mr.. Keefe-Put the flag a couple of
feet higher on the Capitol dome At
long last we have arrived at that won-
derful state where an agency of Gov
ernment is asking for less money this
year than last.
DR.. Overholser-May add to that, sir,
also that we expect to turn back ap-
proximately $1,10O,0O0? We are asking
for no deficiency on account of any pay
increase.
Mr. Keefe-You expect to turn that
money back because you didn't spend it;
is that right?
DR.. Overholser-No sir; it is an unex-
pected, receipt
Mr.. Keefe-Tell us about it. We would
like to hear about it.
DR.. Overholeer-In September of 1945,
the per capita rate for reimbursement
was set by the Federal Board of Hos
pitalization at $3.50 for the current fis-
cal year. That was in force unchanged
at the time we appeared before this COM
mittee year ago. On the basis of that
we asked for certain funds, which were
granted.
Some time after we had come up be-
fore this committee this rate was in
creased for the District of Columbia,
which is our biggest single source of
Evening star., 1947-03-27

reimbursement, to $3.55 per day, so this
represents, as say an unforeseen re-
ceipt.
Mr.. Keefe-So 1t means that we are
taking part of the money out of one
pocket and putting it in another because,
at least on the basis of the relationship
Of the Federal appropriation to the Dis
trict of Columbia, we are doing that; are
we not?
DR.. Overholser-Yes, sir.
MI. Keefe-In other words, this wind
fall that comes to the Treasury of the
United States Government in part is
due to the fact that the District is
paying larger sum for reimbursement
for the care of its patients out there?
DR.. Overholser-That is right.
Mr. Keefe-And, Of course, the Federal
Government pays a proportional part
OF the Districts expenditure that is
made.
DR.. Overholser-Yes, since the Federal
Government makes contribution to
the operating expenses of the District.
MIR. Keefe-Now, so that the record
may be clear, you had available for ex-
penditure last year, Doctor, $3,729,358.
DR.. Overholser-Yes, sir.
Mr.. Keefe-Which should have added
to it the reimbursement and transfers
in order to get at the total cost
DR.. Overholser-Yes, sir, that is right.
Those all show.
Mr.. Keefe-All show in the spread
sheets. Total amount available for ex-
penditure, total expenditure, $8,312502,
from which for appropriation purposes
they deduct $6,239,43 for reimburse
ment, and add transfers between appro-
priations and estimated savings of ST.
l07,144, making your amount expected
to be expended in the fiscal year. 1947,
$3,729 1858; $1,107,144 is the item of say
ings you think will be effected this year?
DR.. Overholser-Yes, sir; that is cor
rect
Evening star., 1947-03-27
Deplores Communist Issue

Deplores Communist Issue
To the Editor of The Star:
Truman orders FBI to bar jobs to
Fellow Travellers according to the
headlines. He'll Senator McKellar!
"It all depends on how the program
is administered" Naturally. But who
always is behind such programs,
whether ir Hitler's Germany or Nickel
lars America? Intolerance, bigotry and
a desire to use the Communist issue
to protect our racketeers are certain
to be in the saddle.
Too bad that In America we have to
use exactly the same battle cry that
spurred Hitler's mobs to fanatic frenzy
Evening star., 1947-03-27

Of itself to breed carelessness.
Whether it was carelessness or some
other factor that caused the fatal
explosion at Centralia may never be
known, as many of those who might
have been able to throw light on the
origin of the accident are dead.
Union officials have charged the
mine operators with failure to
enforce certain dust and ventilation
precautions. These charges should
be investigated thoroughly. Expert
ence has shown that negligence by
either management or the workers
can nullify the best efforts of the
safety experts.
Evening star., 1947-03-27
Telephone Recorders

The Federal communications
Commission has acted sensibly and
realistically in approving the con-
ditional use of recording devices on
telephone instruments. The condi-
ton is that warning signal of
some kind be given that the con-
versation is being taken down in
reproduceable form
The decision is sensible because
these devices are no more objection
able-and are infinitely more ,reli-
able-than the time -honored system
of having secretary listen in and
take down an important conversa-
ton in shorthand. The recordings
tend to reduce misunderstanding
due to faulty memory or, errors in
stenography and hence are a pro-
lection to both parties involved in
a conversation. And the decision is
realistic because, despite lack of
formal FEC approval, most Govern
ment departments and agencies and
many private businesses have been
recording telephone conversations
for several years.
The legality of the devices came
into question by reason of pro-
vision of the FEC Act designed to
insure privacy of interstate COM
munications by wire or wireless.
This provision has been interpreted
by the Supreme Court as prohibit
ing the use in court of evidence OBJ
tanned by wire tapping But it
would be stretching the law to an
absurd length to construe it as out
lawing the recording of business
or other conversation which both
parties know Is being recorded. This
is not wire tapping in the invidious
sense. 1t is legitimate mechanical
aid to governmental and private
business.
Evening star., 1947-03-27
Russiu and the u. N.

From the Christian Science Monitor.
It Is much too early to say that thi;
is the end Of the U. N There Is moth
ing in the Truman move which neeC
ALLEVIATE western nations from the worlc
organization. Meanwhile, the useful
ness of the United Nations to Russis
could hardly end with the sealing o.
middle western borders against Russian
iniltration. Whatever aggressive policie
Russia may hope to pursue in the shadoy
Of the Charter, it is improbable tina
Moscow looks upon the United Nation
simply as a means of winning Gree
and Turkey away from the west.
Evening star., 1947-03-27
OverseIIinq the u. N.

appear IOr Cne SUBMISSION OF all
international problems to the United
Nations "even when the most vital
national interests are at stake" was
somewhat ambiguous. But If he
intended what his statement has
been interpreted to mean-namely,
that the problem of aiding Greece
and Turkey should have been sub
mitted to the U. N.-then he has
done disservice to President Tru-
mans effort in behalf of those
countries and, perhaps more impor-
family, to the United Nations itself.
Mr.. Lie, Secretary General of the
U. NJ, did not mention Greece or
Turkey by name. He did say, how
ever, that "the bedrock on which
the United Nations can build solidly
and securely for the future" is a
readiness of members to resort to
the U. N. and to live up to its solemn
principles and purposes"
From this language, two inferences
can be drawn. One is that he was
rebuking President Truman for
moving directly to aid the govern
ments of Greece and Turkey without
recourse to the U. N. And the other
is that the U. N would have been
competent to deal with the problem
If it had been dropped in it's lap.
So far as the first point is con-
cerned, there is not great deal to
be said except that it's effect, if it
has any effect, will be to hamper
the effort which this Government
is making to check the spread of
Communist-dominated regimes into
the Eastern Mediterranean. If Mr..
Lie believes that any useful purpose
can be served by this, it can hardly
be denied that he has the right to
express himself. But the implica-
ton that submission of the case to
the U. N. would have enabled that
institution to build solidly and
securely for the future" is another
matter.
The trouble with this is that the
U. N. is not even remotely compe-
tent at this time to deal with an
issue like that involved in the Greco
Turkish question. 1t has no funds
for loans to either government. 1t
has no facilities for extending any
kind of military assistance to those
governments. And, most important
of all, the Russian representative on
the Security Council, by the exercise
of his veto, could prevent the extern
sion of any aid, even if the U. N.
were capable of assisting.
For Mr.. Lie to ignore these plain
facts, and to talk at the same time
about building. solidly and securely
for the future, is merely to play with
words, for the strong probability is
that submission of the question to
the U. NJ, far from strengthening
that agency, would tend to wreck it.
One of the troubles with the U. N.
today is that it has been "oversold."
Through the medium of loose state
ments many people have acquired
grossly exaggerated notion of the
contribution to peace and security
which the organization is capable of
making at this time. The danger
of this is that when the truth
becomes generally known there will
be cynical reaction in this country
that will seriously undermine Amer
lean support for the U. N. This is
something that Mr.. Lie and others,
who seem disposed to everyday their
hands, would do we'll to keep in
mind.
Evening star., 1947-03-27

A new cable has been laid between
Baltimore and Washington said to
be capable Of recording 1900 stimuli
taneous conversations. This will
undoubtedly come in very handy If
Washington ever has a convention
Of 1900 women and Baltimore
happens to be interested in what
they are saying.
Evening star., 1947-03-27

continue to increase now that ac-
tivity has been recommended on a
normal scale. A fund given to the
National Academy of Sciences by
the late James Craig Watson Is
available to finance at least one
phase of the enterprise.
Evening star., 1947-03-27

A sixty-flve-year-old man recently
married his sixteenth wife. 1t is
believed that the Secretary of the
Treasury has just about abandoned
hope by now of having him forfeit
that $500 exemption on his income
TOW
Evening star., 1947-03-27

live. Their wives and children are sick
and need medical attention. They all
mail payments to numerous finance
and loan companies.
I believe that our own country is
coming to civil war if we don't stop
raising prices, firing personnel helping
foreign countries, and instead start
lowering prices, finding decent homes
for the veterans and their families, and
caring for our own sick and needy In
this country. =
MISS GRETCHEN LYNCH.
Evening star., 1947-03-27
Letters to The Star
Urges Admission of Negroes to
National Theater


To the Editor of The Star:
] am much concerned at the prospect
that Washington's one legitimate thea
ter soon may be no longer able to pre-
sent to its patrons Theater Guild and
other best plays unless public opinion is
brought to bear on the matter of racial
discrimination that now excludes Ne
groes from attending the National Thea
ter. Al
Eugene O'Neill is only the most recent
OF long list which includes practically
all the leading playwrights and actors
who have announced that Washington
will no longer witness their plays unless
future contracts contain clause forbid
ding racial discrimination. In other
words, Washington will shortly become
theatrical desert unless the management
of the theater can be induced to change
its policy SO as to admit Negro patrons.
do not by any means suggest that
the theater management is solely or
chiefly blameworthy for the present
policy of discrimination. The blame
rather rests on theatergoers who mis-
takenly, believe, dictate a policy Of ex-
clusion against minority group.
Altogether apart from the question Of
the justice of the case (Which is, think,
lf-evident), I believe that unless the
ban is raised, theatergoers will find that
they are cutting off their noses to spite
their faces by no longer being able to
see the best plays presented locally.
Why should we be afraid of permitting
Negroes to attend the National Theater?
fancy that the numbers who would at
tend would be relatively small and that
they would be the better educated and
more cultivated members of the race,
including graduates of Howard Univer-
sity and other colleges. When Marian
Anderson finally was permitted to sing in
Constitution Hall, the Negroes present,
probably not more than one-third of
the audience, were well-dressed, we'll
behaved and altogether unobjectionable.
National Theater (as, tinconsistently
enough, they are now permitted to act
on it's stage) they would be found to be
a minor fraction of the audience and to
be as acceptable as they have long been
in the theaters of New York, Philadel-
phia and other Northern cities.
believe that both justice to the Negro
and the self interest of the white play
goer argue the change.
GEORGE F. BOWERMAN,
Retired Chief Librarian, Free Public
Library, D. C.
Evening star., 1947-03-27
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

Through all the testimony presented
by responsible Government officials to
the Senate Foreign Relations Commit
tee and the House Foreign Affairs Com
mittee runs the theme that this coun-
try must provide money, military
supplies and military knowledge to
Greece and Turkey if the Communists
of Soviet Russia are not to dominate
more and more territory and finally the
world
With diplomatic technique they do not
say that Russia is today the real menace
to world peace; that the Soviet Union is
another great totalitarian aggressor ma
ton. But they call for action which
tells the Russians they cannot move into
Greece and Turkey without fight and
that the United States will be their op-
ponent.
The so-called new Truman foreign
policy, when boiled down, is merely
decision to meet the issue of world COM
munism now instead of postponing the
issue for five, ten or fifteen years. It's
gamble. of course, but it is at least an
affirmative gamble, not a negative
chance such as we indulged in after
World War I. 1t is bold gamble.
The probabilities are that the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee will report
favorably and unanimously the bill now
before it to extend the $4O0, ZOO, 900 COM
bined loans to Greece and Turkey. Not
because the members are enamoured of
the idea that the United States must, for
its own peace, move into the interna-
tional politics of Europe and Asia, but
because they are becoming convinced it
is the only way to peace.
That goes for Senators from the Mid
die West-tra ditionally the area which
has been against so-called International
ism-as well as for the Senators from
the West Coast States. The bill also is
expected to fare well in the House COM
mittee. What these committees do un-
doubtedly will be reflected in the final
action in Congress.
AS had been expected, opponents of
the new Truman policy are making a
drive to have the United Nations called
in to deal with the problems of Greek
and Turkish survival. Indeed, Senator
Pepper of Florida and Senator Taylor
Of Idaho, both Democrats, are authors
Of substitute bill, which provides that
relief shall be extended to Greece and
none to Turkey; that no military loans
be made that relief shall be extended
through the United Nations, and that
there shall be full-scale investigation
Evening star., 1947-03-27
Rights of Coast Guard Reserve

Rights of Coast Guard Reserve
To the Editor of The Star:
Reference is made to the item, Re
servists' Suit for Preference Won on
Appeal" printed in the March "a edition
of your paper, in which it is stated that,
by United States Court of Appeals rule,
veterans status is to be granted to for
mer members of the Coast Guard Tenn
porary Reserve with respect to Govern
ment employment.
To my mind, this makes farce of the
term veteran" Only by an extremely
literal Interpretation of the law, and
complete disregard of it's spirit, can vet
erans' status be applied to group of
men whose contact with the armed
forces was as tenuous as that involved
in serving with the above-named organi-
zation. BY the same token, Sea Scouts
or AFRAID wardens may be classed as
veterans. It becomes even more of joke
when one considers that civilian agents
of the OSS and war correspondents, for
example, who, frequently were exposed
to the same hazards as combat troops,
do not have veterans status.
Justice Edgerton, in his dissenting
opinion, hit the nail on the head. There
is no tenable ground for claiming that
part-time duty, in special fancy uni
forms (Which elected many caustic COM
ments on the part of regular Coast
Guardsmen), without any disturbance
whatsoever of the mans civilian way of
life constitutes military service under the
terms of the CT Bill of Rights
Apart from the above, the idea of
shouting Gimme, gimme!" just because
man gave up a little of his time for
Uncle Sam (but none of his basic COM
forts) while thousands of others gave up
everything, is nothing short of con-
temptible. A. MacGREGOR AVER.
Praise for Vocational Center
To the Editor of The Star:
Believing that too few. people know
about agencies which can help them
to solve personal problems, would like
to take this opportunity to express my
high appreciation for the services
offered at the Vocational Guidance
Center of the American University. &.
I was referred to it at a time when
I was very much worried about my
future and in great doubt as to the
kind of profession I could expect to be
successful in. Thanks to the efficient
and friendly service rendered by the
Vocational Guidance Center of the
American University, I now feel well
suited for and very happy in the occu-
patton which it has helped me choose,
and I feel confident that my chances
for advancement and success are highest
in this field.
No issue, however, was forced on me.
The results of testing and interviews
by competent workers were presented
to me and the choice OF my profession
was left to me.
I was greatly astonished to discover
that so few persons, even veterans who
can receive free service there, are aware
of the existence of such guidance
agencies. M B.
Evening star., 1947-03-27
Thankful for Vandenber&

Thankful for Vandenberg
To tire Editor of The Star:
am reading your columnist, Gould
Lincoln-especially his column Of March
20. Gael Sullivan Is certainly an sd
vance agent for the New Deal, but I
hardly think we will be fooled again.
We are very thankful for . man like
Senator Vandenberg. ...
MRS. DAVID n. HULFISH.
Evening star., 1947-03-27
Birds Names Preferred.

Birds Names Preferred.
To the Editor Of The Star:
Until two years ago, had read The
Evening Star since 1898. 1t became
to the family like a visit from a good
friend every evening, and now have
q question for you: Why couldn't the
name of the Presidents plane be
changed to something more graceful
than a COW? Why not call it: The
American Eagle or the Humming Bird?
Either one stands a good chance
in the air.
t MRS. SAMUEL COOPER.
Efhngham Falls, N. H.
Evening star., 1947-03-27

OF the Neac East and Middle East prob
lem by the General Assembly of the u. N.
The course advanced by President
Truman, according to Senator Pepper,
means incalculable cost to this country,
the death of the United Nations, and
1T means that this power struggle be-
tween us and Russia is rendered hopeless
OF peaceful solution and commits us both
to conflict which will engulf mankind"
X X X
The United Nations was. of course, set
up for the very purpose of dealing with
situations threatening the peace of the
world, just as it is threatened today by
the Greek and Turkish situations. 1t
would be well, indeed, to leave the issues
to that rganization-provided the or
ganization was not hamstrung by
Russian veto in the Security Council
veto that Russia has not failed to exert
whenever it appeared to her that her
policy of Communist expansion was
challenged.
The Greek and Turkish situations
have been described as emergencies"
Their cure must be undertaken quickly
as it can be If the United States moves
without delay. At best, if the problem
was turned over to the United Nations
for investigation and action, should ac-
ton be necessary, it would be a long
drawn-out affair. In the end the
United Nations might prove to be en-
tirely unable to deal with the issues
involved-issues which include the free
dom of both the Greek and Turkish
peoples.
Already Russian and Communist ex-
mansion int n Nd
Asia since the close of the war It has
engulfed the Baltic states and Poland,
it has moved into the Balkan states it
is making strides in France, and Italy
may become another fertile field if steps
are not taken. In China and Korea and
Manchuria the Communists have been
tremendously active. Unless Russia can
be persuaded that her best interests lie
in world peace and not in further ag-
gression, two groups of nations will be
at each others throats too soon.
Russia Is gaining more-more territory
and greater spheres OF irfluence-under
this expansionist policy at peace than
she could ever gain at war It is this
expansion the Truman policy is designed
70 check. Like house of cards, Near
East, Middle East and even some of the
western nations, may be expected to
come under Russian domination If
Greece and Turkey are allowed to be-
come Communist dominated by outside
pressure and armed forces.
against everything liberal and humani-
tartan. The Communist issue, when it
does not smell of oil, always smacks
of stark reaction. JAMES BRAGG.
Evening star., 1947-03-27

against everything liberal and humani-
tartan. The Communist issue, when it
does not smell of oil, always smacks
of stark reaction. JAMES BRAGG.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1947-12-29
TODAY'S BIRTHDAYS
know Americal

Thomas G. Cercoran of Wash
ington. d. c., lawyer, one-time
Roosevelt brain truster, born in
Pawtucket, r. l.. AZ years ago.
~. S. Senator Lister Hill of
Alabama born in Montgomery.
Ala, SO years ago.
fCharles Stillman Morgan. no.
ted economist of the Interstate
Commerce Commission, Wash
ington. born Niles, Mich, Sc
years ago.
a Edward Corsi, noted State
Industrial Commissioner of New
York, born in. Italy, 81 years
ago.
e.Roy F. Hendrickson, former
GN.R.R.A. deputy-general, born
ri st. Ansgar, Iowa, A years
ago.
Il Benjamin 7. Brooks of New
York City. noted consulting
chemist. born in Columbus,
Ohio. 81 years ago.
y.Judge John p. Hartigan of the
u. S. District Court, Providence,
Il. l., born in, Providence, go