davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13
ItaIy's Food Strike

Despite denials by Communist spokes-
men, the responsibility of the italian Com
munist Party and its left-wing Socialist
"fellow-travellers" in Italy's food strike
is self-evident. The strike was originally
of agricultural workers in Northern Italy
centering in the Pc Valley. 1t was timed
at the crucial moment when most of the
crops in this chief food-growing area of
Italy are ripe for the harvest The big
rice crop is especially imperilled. Unless
cut promptly, it will be total loss.
Nearly 100000 agricultural workers in
Northern Italy are enrolled in this left
wing union. Only about 100000 of them
actually went out. Many others continued
working under private agreements with
employers, while the conservative Chris
tian-Democratic unionists stayed on their
jobs. The Communist leadership has re-
acted to this qualified result by 'intensify-
ing" the strike. Red squads" are sent out
to terrorize recalcitrant workers, threaten
ing to pull out the stock tenders and
dairymen, and to extend the strike to in
dustrial workers.
The food strike, now nearly week DID,
conceded with the arrival at Naples of the
first ship loaded with grain from the
United States under our emergency aid
program. This event was made the oc-
casion OF a celebration, with reassuring
address from our Ambassador. But how
much good will our aid do Italy If it's own
food resources are sabotaged?
The current food strike should also be
evaluated against the recent threat made
by the Communist leader, Togliatti that
his party possessed well-equipped pri-
vate army, and that 1--WE shall have to
fight" if certain Communist demands are
not acceded to by the De Gasperi govern
ment. And under the terms Of the peace
treaty. suddenly ratified by Moscow after
unexplained delays, our troops are. pre-
pairing to leave Italy, and the British are
going as we'll.
Italy soon may become the arena where
a decisive test between Communist ag-
erosion and American resistance to that
aggression will be staged.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13
Abide With Me-

A thousand thanks for The Stars editorial,
Hymn Hundred Years Old" So much jour-
nalistic writing these days is-must necessarily
be-serious, even pessimistic, that it is JOY
indeed to be able to read and reread such an
article as the one mentioned. Let us have
more of them. C. w. BROOMALL
Clermont, Fla.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13

out, is under the jurisdiction of the National
Park Service. And it seemed that the National
Park Service had neglected to cut even the least
bit of the offending growth.
But noticed on my way to work this morn
ing that the ragweed at last has been cut.
It took time, of course, yet Hay Fever's COM
plant really did get results in the end.
HAY FEVER II.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13

and more suspicious time. This latter has
been the American viewpoint, in contrast
to the British desire for immediate social
ization. And here, the American thesis has
been acceded to by the British repre-
SentativeS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13

a Verltable Tor
est of ragweed
on the e a S t
slope of Rock
Creek opposite
to the p street
e n tr a n c e to
r ock Gre e k
P a r k. T h e
prop e r t y in
que S t ion, as
~ 49,. ~@s~f4I
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13
Communists and Initiation

Ed1tor StaF:
About year ago the established Communist
cline" was to promote buyers strike to bring
down prices. Presumably it was hoped that
this buyers strike would bring about the de-
preston which Comrade Stain had confidently
predicted for capitalist United States. Strange
ly enough, the Communists are now ominously
silent concerning the present inflationary trend
Of prices. Could 1t be that Comrade Stain
now considers that imitation is a better bet
for producing world revolution than a de-
preston in the United States? For the sue
cessful operation of our capitalist economy
safe rule to follow would be first to find out
the Communist line" and then to do the
opposite. OBSERVER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13
Letters to The Star

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address of the
,0riter, although it is permissible for
Driter kno1pn to The Star to use
nom de plume. Please be brief.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13
Wichita, Kans.

Attention: National Park Service
To the Editor Of The Star:
1t is automatic that it pays to advertise,
and it also is true that it pays to write letters
to the Editor of The Star.
For instance: On August 80 you printed
a letter signed Hay Fever, complaining about
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13
Questions and Answers

reader can get the answer to any question
of fact by writing the Evening Star Information
Bureau, 316 street NE. WASHINGTON q ID. c.
Please nclose cents for return postage.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13
By THE HASKIN SERVICE.

@. When was the first woman's suffrage
convention held?-T L.
A. The first womans suffrage convention was
held in the village of Seneca Falls, N. Y, on
July 49, 1848.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13

@. How early were mirrors manufactured in
the United States?-B. E. r.
A. According to the Mirror Manufacturers
Association, mirrors were manufactured in the
United States as early as 1880.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13

O. Who wrote the poem 1.-THE House Will
Nobody in It"?-D. s. P.
A. This poem was by Joyce Klmer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13
Mindins Ones Own Business

To the Editor OF The Star:
This Nation was founded upon the premise
that all men were entitled to life, liberty and
the pursuit of happiness.
Life and liberty we have, but, does the pur-
suit of happiness entitle this country, as
nation, to attempt to tell the rest OF the world
to do as we do, or else?
This country stemmed from England, re-
VOTED against the tyranny of England, and
yet has twice gone to war to save England and
the English way of life. Just what have we
gained if anything? We say we won the victory.
Has that victory made this country better
or a worse place to live in? Has that victory
given us the assumed right to stick our nose
into the internal affairs of every country In
the globe and tell them how to run their
affairs? Has that victory turned this country
into busybody do-gooder or has it taught us
a lesson? This humble veteran of the last two
wars is decidedly of the impression that this
world will never be safe for democracy unless
human nature changes and also OF equally nrm
belief that human nature cannot be changed.
Avarice desire for power and selflshness are
and always will be with the human race.
This country has twice unfurled the banners
of war to high sounding phrases and gone into
battle to save the world. We have not done so
and never will. The world does not want to
be saved. It wants to live its life as 1t sees
fit to do So Unless we, as nation realize this
fact and act on it now, we are headed straight
for another war which may we'll be our last we,
as a nation, cannot finance nor spare the blood
of our men to fight another war without bank
rupting ourselves financially and In man
power. Ideals are all right but let them be our
ideals and teach them with example, not i'm
position leading to possibility of war.
VETERAN.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13

paign by The
Star to try to
stop these I'M
n e C e S S a r y
noises W o ul i
be very appro-
pirate at this
time. The Star
has been sue
cessful in one
m os t worthy
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13

To the Editor of The Star:
Let me ask how much longer is the United
States going to cavort around in the shame
fully silly role of Santa Claus at the expense
of the American taxpayer in its fruitless effort
to preserve from bankruptcy the decadent
British Government?
By virtue of an Act of Congress this country
made the huge loan of &c. 750,000,0 900 to Great
Britain in 1945 which was to serve as an eco
nomic tide-over until 1851, although that vast
sum, with the exception OF $4O0OOO0OO, mas
already been consumed Such use OF mat
money is an obvious breach OF solemn agree
ment which should not be passed over lightly
or indinerently. Yet the representatives OF the
British government are asking that they might
modify that agreement still further to the
detrlment of the United States by curtaillng
their trade with this country in order that
they may be able, by the use OF the loan money
to purchase from their colonies and others who
will deal with them on the pound sterling
rather than the dollar basis 1t would seem,
inasmuch as the loan was made to Great
Britain subject to certain definite conditions,
that it is exclusively within the power of Con-
gress. in it's wisdom, to modify those conditions,
if they are to be modified in any manner which
change the terms of the original agreement
This is a vital factor that should be all con-
trolling with those who are participating In
the Joint conference between this country and
Great Britain
The thing that stands out with the repul-
siyeness of sore thumb in the minds OF the
thinking American people Is the brass ana
temerity which Great Britain displays by con-
tinually calling upon this country to pun us
OK out of the ditch when 1t finds itself either
in the throes of war or in dire financial straits.
JOHN E. HOOVER
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13
War on Noise Urged

To the Editor Of The Star:
Mrs. Ruth A. Coffman is not alone in her
complaint about traffic noises. 1t seems to
me that there are too many noises of all
kinds in Washington and especially traffic
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13

@. Please give me an Indian word for
strongly. D. S.
A. The Sioux word for strong" Is was-aka,
pronounced vanish ah-kah.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13

O. How many automobiles have been manu-
featured this year and what per cent we're
exported?-G. N. s.
A. During the first half of 1947 factory sales
of automobiles in the United States numbered
721 ,391. OF these 7S per cent were exported.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-13
Is the Federal debt being reduced?-c.

@. Is the Federal debt being reduced?-C.
N. r.
A. The Federal debt was reduced from high
of s27s billion In February, 1916, to 1888 billion
on June 80, 1947.
@. How many Galleries are there in glass
of beer?-B. C.
A. An Bounce glass OF beer contains APP
proximatey lis Galleries.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1947-07-04
Local Il Opens
ChiIdren's Comp
Continued From Page One

Continued From Page One
well as civic leaders who hao
given their assistance.
Dedication services began
shortly after 8 p. m. with the
raising of the colors and singing
of America" The Rev. William
j. McGoldrick, pastor of ST.
Benedict's Church, Clin t n,
Mich, gave the invocation, while
Rev. Harvey Keller, of Immac-
ulate Conception Church, To-
ledo, pronounced the benedic-
ton.
Macy At Dedication
Also attending the dedication
was Emil Macy, Detroit, UAW-
CIO director and head of the
UAW Veterans Committee. Di-
rector Macy congratulated Lo-
cal IL on its camp before intro
ducing President Reuther.
Following the services, the
visitors inspected the camp fa-
cilities and were given a buffet
luncheon in the mess hall.
The first contingent of camp
ers, boys, entered camp on Sun
day morning. They will remain
there until July 26, when the
camp will be devoted exclusive
ly to girls. The camp is open to
boys and girls from 8 to Is, re-
gardless of race or creed. APP
plications are carried each week
in the UNION JOURNAL, or
may be obtained in Room 203,
Local IL headquarters, AIS Win
throp st.
Approximately % acres are
included in the camp and are
completely fenced in. Tennis
and shuffleboard courts, bas.
ketball, volleyball, arc h e r y
fields and other sports are pro-
vided for the boys and girls.
A staff of 10 headed by Frank
Molik, camp director will give
instructions in swimming, row.
ing, canoeing, handicraft and
athletics. A program. director
about time schedulesthe camp
activities.
Attending the dedication serv-
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1947-07-04
.CIO To DEFY
Press Gag
Continued From Page One

resolved mot only to continue
CIO-PAC but to strengthen II
and obtain through voluntary
contributions all the funds nee
essary."
"We would not merit the
name of free Americans" Muir
ray asserted, "if we acqulesced
in a law which makes it a crime
to exercise rights of freedom OF
speech freedom of press, free
dom of assembly We would be-
tray fundamental heritage OF
political liberty if we allowed
ourselves to be gagged by the
law. The Constitution remains
the law of our land and we pro-
pose to enjoy its protection. We
will not comply with the un-
litical activity which are writ
limitations on po-
ten into the Taft Hartley bill"
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1947-07-04
WHY'S Women
To Work For
Queen Honors
Continued From Page One

Continued From Page One
box will be prepared for the
lucky queen and her court al
the Aug. 5 ball game.
will have plenty of opportunity
Entries are still coming in fol
the contest according to Mr.
Madrzykowski who stated that
those who wish to enter still
to win one of the top honors and
prizes if she works to make the
ball game a success.
Third Annual Game
This is the Third Annual CIO
Baseball Night. AS in other
years Toledo children will be
the guests of the union and OF
business and industrial firms
who purchase blocks of tickets
for free distribution to the chill
dren. Peanuts and popcorn are
also distributed to the young
sters in addition to first class
entertainment.
Two games will be played
The first one will be between
Local IL All-Stars and Local
497, Port Clinton. The second
game, a regularly scheduled
American Association game will
be played between the Toledo
Mud Hens and Minneapolis Mil
lers.
Each ticket sold will entitle
the contestants to one vote and
two woes for each donation
toward refreshments. Every C1O
shop committeeman and steward
has tickets for sale, or they
may be obtained from Walter
Madrzykowski, Region 2-B of
flee or from Wilbert Rule, Local
IL recreational director or
Room 203 Local II headquar-
ters.
Any girl wishing to still enter
the contest may do so by calling
Walter Madrzykowski, Adams
4611.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1947-07-04
Labor Law Hits
At Union Riqh+s

clause an employer could con-
denim a workers union activities
and fire him the next day, but
the expression of condemnation
could not be used to determine
whether the firing was an un-
fair labor practice. effective
Aug. 22)
Firing For Cause"
9n-Permits an employer to
Az fire for cause" but this
section could be used to nullify
NLRB policy which has been to
make certain that the discharge
was really for cause and not for
union activity. The Wagner
Acts protection against discri-
minatory firing is made unwork-
able. effective Aug. 22.)
.9I-Permits employer damage
as suits for breach of con-
tract and also for damages al
legedly caused by boycotts and
jurisdictional strikes. effective
now.)
99-Requires detailed financial
S@ reports annually together
with statements on numerous in
ternal union practices and oper-
ations effective Aug. 22)
Finally, the law reorganizes
the NLRB and establishes new
independent mediation agency
that completely supplants the
Labor Departments conciliation
service. The former three-man
NLRB is expanded to a five
man board with the board con-
fined to judicial functions and
prosecutions placed in the hands
of new general counsel who is
given extraordinary f n a
powers to prosecute or not to
prosecute. The old Boards func-
tions are reduced in numerous
other ways.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1947-07-04
Peters Unit
Wins Roise

Members of the Peters Stamp.
ing Unit of Local II were grant.
ed wage increase late last week
amounting to liz cents an hour
with six paid holidays, it wa:
announced in Monday of this
week by Harold Dean, Local IL
representative in charge of ne.
gotiations.
The new wage pact was made
effective retroactive to May. IL
Members of the Unit commit.
tee who took part in the bar
gaining were Chairman Ray
Kopp, Lyle st. Clair, Irene Carr
Esther Lower, Gilbert CARRIER
G Gorge Purvis and Clara
Schultz.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1947-07-04

W A S II n G 7 0 N (LPA)-
The level of primary market
prices for the week ended June
21 was only fraction of one
percent lower than the high
point reached at the end of
March, the Bureau of Labor Sta
tistics announced last week.
Average wholesale prices rose
0.19o during the week, and were
at level 31.5 per cent a year ago
when Congress had just passed
the first OPA crippling bill.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1947-07-04
Continued From Page One

COnClnueu from rage Onc
wages, hours, etc. Effective Aug.
22.)
Jurisdictional Strikes
0-Bans jurisdictional strikes
and requires the NLRB to
seek injunctions against jurisdic-
tional strikes, secondary boy
colts, and strikes to obtain union
recognition. An employer can
more easily obtain an injunction
when the NLRB, a federal agen-
cy, asks for it than if he applied
for one himself. effective Aug.
22)
In-Bans union expenditures
~ or contributions in connec-
ton with either Presidential or
Congressional elections. This is
the section which would prohi-
bit a dues-supported union paper
from supporting or opposing a
particular candidate, political
policy or platform. effective
now.)
II-Permits the Attorney Cen
' eral to obtain 80-day in
functions against so-called ma
tional emergency strikes which
could endanger the national
health and safety. Picketing and
strike benefits would be banned
during the injunction. If media
tion is unsuccessful the workers
would vote on the employer S
last offer. effective now.
I2-Bans strikes against the
80 government under penalty
of losing civil service status and
becoming ineligible for federal
employment for three years.
effective now)
Wide Meaning
I9-Bsns "featherbedding or
80 made work" This section
could be construed to prohibit a
guaranteed work week, paid
vacations or even rest periods. It
could permit an employer to
claim that the work done by 20
men could be done by IS and
thereby fire the extra" five.
effective Aug. 22}
lA-Bans strik kes within so
days of contract expira-
tion. This could invite employ
ers to initiate the worst kind of
anti-union activities during the
last so days because the union
could not walk out in protest.
effective Aug. 22)
IE-Bans long list of unfair
- labor practice" by unions
including: coercing workers into
membership; charging "exces-
sive or discriminatory" dues or
fees; refusing TO bargain; at
tempting TO compel industry
wide bargaining, etc. effective
Aug. 22.)
Ik-Bans employer contribu-
- tions TO health and well
fare funds where the employer
does not share ~ administration
of the fund ank where the con-
tract does not provide that the
fund be used only for death, ac-
cident, medical and unemploy-
ment payments. effective now.)
COmmles Are Barred
I7-Bans certification of a To-
cal or national union un-
less every officer swears in an
affidavit that he is not a Com
munist or Communist sympa-
thizer. effective Aug. 22.)
IQ-Permits the breaking up
of large industrial collec-
tive bargaining units into scores
of small crafts IL the latter de-
mand certification. This is GER
tain TO disrupt many long stand
ing plant-wide, company wide
and industry-wide contracts.
effective Aug. 22.)
to-Bans the use as evidence
in an unfair practice case
of any employer argument or
opinion as long as it does not
present a specific threat or
promise of benefit IJndar this
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1947-07-04
Gov. Herbert
|Ve+oes Von AIKEN
Lobor Control
Continued From Page One

NOubtuucu EEOIH age OuS
business. He said that CIC
would organize the state house
by-house and block-by-block in
opposition to those who had
voted for the Taft.Hartley and
Van AIKEN bills.
Other speakers who express
ed their opposition to the anti
labor legislation included Jacob
Clayman, CIO attorney and Will.
liam Lavelle, CIO secretary.
treasurer. All agreed that their
organization would fight the
law at every turn and would
take political reprisals against
proponents of the laws.
See Political Move
Political and union observers
here believe that the Governors
veto of the Van AIKEN bill was
prompted strictly by political
considerations and was not be.
cause of any basic opposition to
the law. They saw in Taft's ad-
vice to Mr.. Herbert a desire to
retain as much labor support as
possible in the hope that Her
bert would carry Ohio in 1948
and swing it for Taft should
the latter be the Republican
nraci1opfioI nominee
Sundays CIO meeting here
was called the kickoff for the
1948 elections with the PAC de.
termined to redouble its efforts
in attempting to build a bigger
political organization for the de-
feat of Ohio congressman who
voted for the Taft-Hartley legis.
lation.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1947-07-04
Green Louds Macarthur

W A 5 Fl n q I Q n [LPA)-
Charges made against General
MacArthur's occupation policies
by Chinese and Australian dele
gates to the World Federation of
Trade Unions meeting in Prague
were branded as having mo
basis in fact" by AFL President
William Green last week.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1947-07-04
lnquiring
Reporter
Continued From Page One

tablishing it. 1t will give the
kids a swell vacation. I'm send
ing my two girls there the first
period that has been set aside
for them. They'll have plenty of
fun. The camp keeps children
out of mischief and teaches them
to get along with others, I'm 60
ing to be there for the dedica-
ton because I'm interested in
the camp and my own children.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1947-07-04

Anna POlcyn mary nassau
Mary Hassen: think it's okay
to spend money on a summer
camp for the children. It's a very
good thing. They are forever
crying about preventing juvenile
delinquency and what's a better
way than giving the children a
couple of weeks in a good camp
where they get good food, exer-
else, instructions and training?
I'd like to see the camp. think
it's a wonderful idea and that
the union should be congratu-
lated for its work in establishing
the camp.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1947-07-04

ices were George N, Schoon
maker, city manager, Michael
V. Disable, vice-mayor, Judge
Amos Conn, Court of Appeals
Judge John j. Hackett, Com
mon Pleas Court, Attorney Edw
Lamb and many other Toledo
civic figures and union mem
herS.