davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-05-11
Aviiution
Continued From First Page)

the postwar world remains unsettled
and the United Nations might call
upon us for an air force to support
its decisions.
1t has long been an accepted
policy, even in the days Of peace
time economy, that private plane
manufacturers cannot possibly fin
ance the development cost Of new
military types, which become the
forerunners of commercial planes
of increasing speed, size and range.
Republic Aviation, for example, in
vested some $4,500.000 of its funds
to develop a 400-mile-an-hour trans
port along the lines OF two Army
reconnaissance planes produced
under an experimental contract.
This work, however. must be held
UP, at least for the time being. be-
cause neither the manufacturer nor
the airlines can afford to finance
the transition period. Although the
company has. a Arm" contract for
more than 400 Army jet fighters OF
a new design, and is well into pro-
duction, it lost $4,406,113 last year,
The condition of this company
which rolled out more than $4,000
Thunderbolt fighters during the
war, is largely typical of the whole
industry, and the uncertain finances
which are depicting engineering and
research stats, cutting back devel-
opment and forcing large layoffs at
q time when the manufacturers be-
lieved they had reduced to survival
minimums.
Production Far Short.
Military production now varies
from 100 to ITO planes month.
This year it will be about half of
the 5000 planes recommended by
the originating experts as the
absolute minimum after the world
has made substantial progress on
disarming and the outlook for con-
tinued peace is good.
This was the figure which the
experts agreed was the minimum
required to keep the most efficient
producers and contractors in busi-
Evening star., 1947-05-11

ly for air armament, which viii be
produced with the technical aid OF
German scientists. Further, she Is
! in an expansive and aggressive
mood"
Four Motor Red Plane.
Experts here believe that the
Russians, who had no long-range
bombers during the war, may be
turning increasing attention to this
type Of aviation, In view OF their
strategic position and the long dis
tances involved. This would seem
to be borne out by the fact that q
long-range, four:engined bomber
similar to a B-29, was observed in
Moscow's May Day parade by Amer
ican Ambassador w. Bedel Smith.
The Ambassador also noted 100 Jet
fighters of a new design.
United States military experts
have reported since war days that
qualified air observers of this coun-
try and other foreign powers find 1t
much more difncult than other mill
tary exports to obtain admission to
Russia.
Whether this Is to cover up
weakness or al, expansion program
or both Is matter of speculation.
Meanwhile, Gen. Echols declared
in a recent speech:
"China's civil war seems as Tar
from settlement as ever. Europe is
boiling with all of It's old animosi-
ties. The British Empire is break
t ing up before our eyes.
Britain is pulling out Of India
and Burma. In Greece and Turkey
she Is forced by economic conditions
to curtail sharply her stabilizing role
of global policeman. She Is shift
ing the burden to us.
1--WE are accepting the response
bility OF holding the line against
Communism on the Mediterranean
front. For the moment, this Is an
economic line, but all of the eco
nomic aid in the world is likely to be
useless If 1t ii not supported by
United States air power.
At the same time, John N. Brown,
Assistant Secretary Of the Navy for
Air, declared that "the airplane In
dustry of the United States Is ap-
proximately where 1t was In 1910,
which was two years away from
emergency production and four
years away from the peak 1t reached
under great pressure.
This has come. about for want
Of orders. There apparently Is not
enough money available to support
an aviation industry which could be
even a nucleus for expansion to
emergency size"
Evening star., 1947-05-11

ness with nucleus OF engineers
and productive capacity around
which to assemble production forces
In event Of emergency.
The military Is now conducting
an industrial survey to determine
how long it would take aircraft
manufacturers in their present
state to swing into war production.
The results are expected to be out
of all proportion to the most OPP
timistic safety margin.
To select another company at
random, out at Los Angeles Lock-
heed was some $l0,739, $3.50 in the
red last year, although it had q
substantial production contract
with the Army for successful P-80
Jet fighters, and additional expert
mental contracts.
British Cancel Order.
Recently, 1t was said, the British
cancelled q big order for Constella-
tions because Of pressure from their
own manufacturers, who are work
ing hard with Government subsidies
to put huge new jet-propelled COM
mercial transports on the market
In the next three years.
The sale Of surplus military
transports throughout the world
has slowed the demand for Amer
ica's postwar models. From the
present outlook some Of our most
successful manufacturers will be
unable to keep In business long
enough to help meet the demand
for vastly improved requirements
when the surplus transports begin
to be junked.
Manufacturers were told when
they were being urged to expand
during the war that the worst they
could expect would be 80 per cent
cut back, in view Of revolutionary
new developments In Jet propulsion,
supersonic speeds and electronics
that would render war equipment
obsolete must faster than was the
case after the first World War.
The companies made plans ac-
cordingly, and their net incomes
after taxes and carry-backs dropped
from $67 1876 1886 In 1945 to $8,135, 800
last year. Instead Of 10 per cent,
however, their present net incomes
are down to per cent, while all
other manufacturers increased So
per cent over 1945 totals, 1t was said.
Profit Margins Very Slim.
Meanwhile, the profit margin on
sales was half of l per cent, as
compared with 3.6 per cent in the
motor industry, according to figures
of the Aircraft Industries Associa-
ton, as compiled by the National
City Bank OF New York.
Some companies are laying OH
employees, while others are convert
ing to the manufacture Of trucks,
motorcycles, plastics. metal boats
and even cofflns. While this may en-
able them to survive, their useful
ness from a security standpoint is
seriously impaired.
AS to security. Maj. Gen. Oliver
P. Echols, retired, now president OF
Aircraft Industries, said:
Russia is still the great unknown.
She has publicly admitted very large
expenditures, much Of 1t undoubted-
Evening star., 1947-05-11
French to Recommend
Amnesty for GuerriIIos

GENEVA, Switzerland, May 10 (P).
Prof. Georges Daux said IN an in
terview today that the French dele
CATION on the Security Councils
Balkan Investigating Commission
would recommend an amnesty for
guerrillas in Greece to be supervised
BY the United Nations.
Mark r. Ethridge, jr., chief Of
the American delegation, also said
I'VE favor an amnesty, but there is
opposition in the commission on the
grounds Of sovereignty. and 1t might
be dropped entirely"
Prof. Daux declared, however, that
the Greek government has many
times granted and extended an am
resty, and 1t seems to me 1t would
be no encroachment on Greek SOW
ereignty to ask the United Nations
to supervise an amnesty"
Publication Termed Unauthorized.
Mr.. Ethridge said publication in
Athens by the Communist newspaper
Rizospastis of what purported to be
the British and American recon-
nendations to the commission was
unauthorized. Publication, he said,
was designed to embarrass the
Greek government" and this is not
the first time that confidential
document Of the American delegation
has appeared in Communist news
paper in Athens"
"a high government oflicial
In Athens said yesterday that
Mr.. Ethridse and American Am
bassador Lincoln MacVeagh had
suggested that an amnesty be
supervised by the U. NJ, and in
formed quarters said sharp
division of opinion had developed
over the issue in the Greek cabi-
net. The cabinet was reported
to have asked the Ambassador
for q "clarification" Of the pro-
posal)
Mr.. Ethridge said "our idea was
that the government would invite
1t "a supervised amnesty, not to
impose 1t on them"
Recommendation Listed.
Prof. Daux said he believed the
il-nation commission, which is here
writing a report Of its three-month
investigation Of guerrilla warfare
along Greece's northern borders,
would be- able to report a majority
approval of the following recon-
mendations:
/. That there should be immedi-
ate negotiations between Greece,
Bulgaria, Yugoslavia and Albania
for a border convention designed to
prevent frontier violations.
2. That there should be special
United Nations body for a certain
duration to supervise border ques-
tions and the situation in Northern
Greece until the four countries can
agree on q non-aggression conven-
ton.
8. That there should be an inter-
national free port at Salonika, re-
tanning Greek sovereignty but pro-
vidinG for economic freedom of ac-
cess to the Mediterranean for Bull
Rarta.
Evening star., 1947-05-11
Warren Elected Head
OF Optometric Society

The District Optometric Society
has elected DR.. Evart Warren as its
president. He makes his home II
Arlington
Other officers are Or. David Dant-
zic, first vice president; DR.. John 3
Higley, second vice president: DR.
Joseph wagenhemi, secretary; Dr.
Earl Leese, treasurer. and Drs. john
E. Claf1in, George E. Dodson, Ber-
nard Rothman, John j. Tyner ane
George r. Warren, trustees.
Evening star., 1947-05-11
Transport Director
To Address Engineers

H. H. Kelly, regional director OF
the European Central Inland Trans
port Organization, will report on
European highway reconstruction
and related matters at $50 pm
Tuesday, at a meeting of the So
ciety of Automotive Engineers in
Hotel 2400.
Mr.. Kelly will show colored slides
made in Europe during recent
months
He Is former director of the
Once of Defense Transportation
Division of Materials, and earlier
was chief of the Interstate Com
Imerce Commission Bureau of Motor
Carriers Safety Section.
Evening star., 1947-05-11
PRIMER Who Joined
The Star ii 1893 Is
81 Years Old Today

A typesetter who started to work
for The Star In the days before
linotype machines were used win
celebrate his olst birthday annie
yersary today.
He IS Charles j. Berner, 10
Twelfth street NE, who came 10
The Star In 1893 and worked for
- years before he retired IN 1885.
Evening star., 1947-05-11
Sons S Life Sentence
Is Shock to Osmenu
By tho A.,aeiutsd prs,s

MANILA, Sunday May H.
Former President Sergio Osmena
said today In a telegram to his son
Sergio Osmena, jr., that he was
shocked by his sons sentence to life
Imprisonment for treason.
The message said II wish you Sue
cess in your appeal" from a Peoples
Court conviction. The younger
Osmena. convicted yesterday. has
appealed to the Philippines Supreme
Court.
Evening star., 1947-05-11
Senate Group Reveals
Plans 10 Introduce
|5ubsfiiuie Merger Bill

Senator Robertson, Republican Of
Wyoming, announced yesterday that
he and other opponents Of the ad-
ministration plan to unity the armed
forces viii introduce what he called
an anti dictator bill" as substi-
tute.
aOur bill will combine the best
elements Of all the varied plans pre-
|sented during the past two years. Z
Senator Robertson told . reporter.
1T will avoid the inherent danger
to democracy IN any coalition Of the
military forces under common
non elected head =
Voting Begins This Week.
The Senate Armed Services COM
|mittee, after eight weeks OF public
hearings, is to begin voting this
week on provisions OF the legislation
sent up by the White House to unity
the Army, Navy and Air Force in
d single cabinet department.
I'VE should have q bill ready for
Senate action by the end Of the
week." Chairman Quincy said.
Congress has been holding hear
ings on this now for nearly three
years"
Senator Robertson said the sub
stitute, to be introduced next week,
would put Congress on record that
the armed forces should not be
merged or consolidated or placed
under q single non-elected head, a
single military commander. or an
overall high command, or national
general staff"
Would Retain Navy Department.
The substitute would retain the
present Navy Department with its
cabinet member. It would convert
the War Department to land forces
under q Secretary of the Army with
necessary air and water units. 1t
would establish new department
Of air forces with a cabinet secre-
tary and q prime mission of "stra-
tegic air power"
Instead of the proposed national
defense secretary, the substitute
would authorize a "coordinator"
who would be a deputy to the
President in charge of national
defense but without cabinet status.
One of those sponsoring the sub
stitute bill with Senator Robertson
is Senator Mccarthy, Republican,
of Wisconsin. He has suggested that
all merger plans be dropped for
this session and a commission set
UP to restudy the whole subject.
Evening star., 1947-05-11
SecuriiyC Faces
S|avReyohonke keepino|
Balkan Frontier Watch
BY The As.oeiossd Pros.

LAKE SUCCESS, N. Y, May 10.
The United Nations Security
Council faced a Russian-backed
Slav revolt tonight against
maintaining an international
watch on the Balkans troubled
frontier areas.
Coinciding with House approval Of
President Tr,iman's $500 ,0O0, 900 aid
program to help GREECE ana Turkey
ward OF Communism, the revolt was
expected to precipitate q heated
clash between Russia and the west
ern powers.
The clash probably will come
Monday when the Security Council
convenes at $50 pm. to reopen
Greek charges Of outside" guerrilla
activities against Greece's frontiers.
Gromyko -Reqpested Session.
Andrei A. Gromsko, Soviet deputy
foreign minister, asked for the
Council meeting. He said the re-
quest was made because Of the de-
cision Of the Council and its Balkan
Investigating Commission to keep
q subsidiary inquiry board In the
area to maintain watch on border
nare-ups.
This move came as Yugoslavia, Al
bania and Bulgaria announced they
would refuse to cooperate with the
interim inquiry group and would
oppose any inquiry across their
frontiers.
The three Balkan countries ac-
knoweldged that they had promised
to help the full commission, which
Is now In Geneva preparing re-
port for the Council on its investi-
cations, but argued that their COM
rnitrnent did not cover the sub
commission OF investigators.
The subcommission was instructed
by the Council to remain on the
srnoldering Balkan scene until the
11-nation security body takes ac-
ton on the commissions forthcom-
ing report on the facts behind Greek
border incidents.
Soviet Group Backs Protest.
The Soviet delegation in Geneva
backed the protesting Balkan group.
contending that the commission
had exceeded its authority in de-
legating wide powers to the sub
commission. This stand was i'm
nediately challenged by the COM
missions British and American
delegations.
The British and American delega-
tions here prepared to back up
their representatives on the COM
mission. They argued that funda-
mental issues of world charter
obliga tions were at stake.
An American spokesman said the
United States considers that Yugo-
slavia. as a u. N. member, Is bound
to comply with any decisions OF the
Security Council, and that the
Council had ordered creation OF q
subcommission of inquiry to stand
watch on the Balkan frontiers.
Both Britain and the United
States were expected to insist Mon
day that Yugoslavia, Albania and
Bulgaria "keep their promises" to
cooperate with the subcommission
and permit, Its members to enter
their territory.
Evening star., 1947-05-11

MA - 2 = ~ q : B
who Still visits
the composing
room OCCASION
ally to talk over
old times with
his friends, re-
calls the day
when the hrst
linotype G ma
chine Was put
into use, and
the practice ses-
sions " hi 6 h
were held %
o o m posltorS
could become
....k~..nA -
Evening star., 1947-05-11
Republicans
Continued From First Page.J

1
run under one banner and deser
/ that banner"
! Clark Springer. Indiana chairman
said names were mentioned "only b,
inference on the theory that thos'
gentlemen are responsible to theil
own States and we leave that II
their electorates."
Urges Correction Of Foreign Policy
! Fred H. johnson OF Columbus
Ohio, was named vice chairman O
the association and the next meet.
ing was fixed for late September al
Omaha.
The group went on record as IA
voring the use of American money
] abroad "only to correct the mistakes
Of our foreign policy OF the pas'
few years."
1t recommended that "such funds
for fighting communism shall moi
In the future, as in the past, be
administered by the communistit
sympathizers of the New Deal ad-
ministration.'
The resolution declared further
that in fighting the spread of COM
munism abroad I'VE must not lose
sight of the inroads 1t has made ir
our governmental agencies" ane
added:
"The American people need not
be reminded that for IA years the
Republican Party has carried thu
fight against communism. It Il
regretable that this menace to oul
freedom and institutions has beer
so belatedly acknowledged by Pres
ident Truman, but We are hopefu
| that he will cooperate with a Re-
publican Congress in the elimina.
+tion of all those individuals anc
elements subversive to the Ameri'
can form Of government"
Commends Eightieth Congress.
In commencing the work Of ths
Eightieth Congress so far, the grour
said:
These lawmakers, predominantly
Republican, constitute no rubber.
stamp Congress for the executive
department of Government. They
are effectively urdoing the harm
that resulted from IA years of New
Deal misrule. - No longer !.
legislation written at the Whit.
House and approved as law in
matter of hours.
Committee investigation, coupled
with free and thorough debate or
the floors of Congress, has replaced
the gag rule, emergency rush ane
must tactics Of New Deal days. Nov
the voice of America . is being
heard and needed by those WHIT
shape the Nations destiny. Thi.
requires committee hearings and o1
necessity takes time"
The group declared the people
will realize that a sound and typi-
cally American program might be
destroyed by an executive veto fol
purely political reasons"
ut is our unanimous declaration,
the resolution continued, that the
present Congress is making an his
torically notable record Of achieve
ment and that its first session, when
completed, will be one of which our
party and our Country may well be
proud"
Evening star., 1947-05-11

October, 1943, and at the age Of
IS was considered to be one Of the
youngest colonels In the Army.
At that time he had made more
than 100 fighter sorties and was
credited with having shot down ut
least nine enemy planes. probably
destroying seven others and DAM
aging I'VE more. In January, 1914,
he was listed as one Of the United
States Army Air Forces 40 aces.
The names Of the other Ameri-
cans in Col. Peterson's plane were
not disclosed.
Evening star., 1947-05-11
Howard RecitoI Wednesdo,

The 75-voice Howard University
chorus, under the direction of Dean
Warner Lawson. will give a recital
at Mount Zion Baptist Church, Ar
lington, at $3.50 pm. Wednesday.
The program is sponsored by the
Veterans Memorial YMCA, Airing
ton.
Evening star., 1947-05-11
Lvon Park Vespers Today

The Arlington Unitarian Fellow
ship will hold q vesper service at
| the Lyon Park Community House
at S pm. today. The Rev. Gilbert
A. Phillips will deliver the sermon.
Milford chronicle., 1947-01-10
Crop Improvement
Show Under Way
Exhibit Is Being Held In High
School At Georgetown

The 38th Annual exhibit of Della
ware farm crops is being held
Thursday, Friday and Saturday, of
this week, January 8, 8 and 10 i'll
the Georgetown High School,
Georgetown, as an activity of the
Delaware Crop improvement AssO-
ciatiOn
Featured in the scores of exhibits
at the high school will be ten diff
ferent classes of farm products
which will include entries of corn.
small grains and seed, forage, sweet
potatoes and white potatoes.
The Association will hold it's 40th
Anniversary Dinner, Friday, Jan
uary 10, in the Georgetown Grange
Hall at $50 p. m.
The principal speaker at the ban
quet will be Carlton S. Garrison. ex-
tension agronomist, Rutgers Uni
ven sity.
Another hiehlight of the program
will be the official announcement
by the Association Of the States
champion corn and champion bar
ley growers as determined thrOu3n il
the five-acra corn and barley yieil
contests sponsored by the Assoria-
:, ion this past season. Each of the
winners of the State contest will bc
awarded 'rophies and county win
ners will be presented other
awards.
Milford chronicle., 1947-01-10
Extra Saturday
Sought For Races
Association Selects Period May %
To July )

\ 30-day period starting May 20
and ending July has been selected
by the Delaware Steeplechase and
Race Association for its 1947 race
meet at Delaware Park.
The association has applied to
the Delaware Racing Commission
for authorization to operate during
that period, with three Mondays
June 2. 9, and 10 excluded. The
commission is expected to act on
the request at its next meeting, in a
few weeks.
The period requested is the tradi-
tiOnal one at Delaware Park, which
usually has operated from Memo
rial Day. An extra Saturday is be-
ing added to the period this year
because July happens to fall on a
Friday. Omitting third Monday, in
addition to the two usually omitted.
cOmpensates for the extra day at
the end of the racing period, keep
ing it within the 30-day limit
Meanwhile, Gov. Walter w. Bacon
announced the appointment of John
n. Johnston of Newark to fill the
uneXpired term of the late Leonard
. Richards, Jr.. on the Delaware Rae
ing Commission, and of j. Morris
Harrington of FELTON,. to fill the un-
expired term of the late J. NWirt
Willis. as harness racing commits.
SiOner.
Milford chronicle., 1947-01-10
City Election Will
Be Tame Affair
no Contests For Council Posts In
Second And Third Wards

After a series of regular knock
down and drag-out elections, Mil
fordians are to be afforded the
treat of Tame" election. With
not contest on the horizon as the
deadlinc passed.
In the second Ward the incum-
bent Frank II. Gricr, did not seek
election, and Vinal l.. Bennett, well
known businessman filed for the
post, he will be unOppOsed. In the
third Ward the incumbent John A.
Nailor, did not file for reelection.
Clayton Kirby. we'll known painter
has filed without opposition for
Council from this Ward.
The annual City election will be
held on Monday, january 10th.
The annual City meeting will be
held next Friday evening. January
18th in the Varncy auditorium in
the Community building. AT this
meeting. the taxpayers will be ad-
dressed by the Mayor. City Man
ager and other officials, and the fl
nancial statement for the City will
be read. Following the reading of
the reports, etc, an open forum will
he held.
Milford chronicle., 1947-01-10
Strike Called.
Off By Poultry
Workers Here
Increase OF Five Cents
An Hour Provided In
Settlement Made Last
Sunday.

A settlement over the Weekend
five cents an hour in
crease in wages, averted the strike
of 1900 workers in nine poultry
dressing plants on the DelmarVa
Peninsula. scheduled to start as Of
Monday. January 6.
Jack Bril-, international represen-
tative of the Amalgamated Meat
Cutters and Butchers Workers,
AFL, Local 1873, said that terms of d
rev agreement were approved by
the workers last Sunday i'll George
town as a joint meeting of Local 1919
and Local 929. Teamsters Union.
The new contract. he said, pro-
vides for a minimum wage of %
cents an hour as compared with the
former minimum of IS cents. Half
of this 10-cent difference III the low
est rate is accounted for by the gen
eral increase of five cents an hour
The other half results from e!imi-
nation of the five cents an hcul
penalty formerly applied to workers
on the jobs less than four days Z
week
The wage clause may be reOpenec
April l under the agreement. whicl
also provides an increase of 50 ;
week for piece workers. The i'll
Creases are retroactive to Jan ,.
The agreement was made Will
nine dressing plants.
Continued on page ~