davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-08-08

OF Congress to act on legislation to provide
military aid to Latin America In the form
Of training and weapons might be mis-
interpreted BY some Of the delegates. A
bill authorizing such aid was approved by
the House Foreign Affairs Committee but
1t failed to reach the floor before adjourn
ment. II this inaction by Congress should
be construed as indicating North Amer
lean apathy to the hemisphere security
program. dramatic appearance by Pres
ident Truman at the conference should
serve to counteract the impression Against
this background the decision of Mr. Tru-
man to accept Brazilian President Dutra' s
recent invitation to visit Rio takes on con-
siderable significance
Evening star., 1947-08-08
Sideshow Ends

Nothing conclusive has come out of the
"you're another" exchange between How
ard Hughes and Senator Brewster in their
appearances before a Senate War Investi-
eating Subcommittee.
The question was whether the Maine
Senator had attempted to blackmail Mr..
Hughes by offering to call off the investi-
cation of the latters wartime aviation
contracts If Mr.. Hughes. In turn, would
consent to merge TWA, which he controls,
with Pan American in single overseas
aircraft operation.
Mr. Hughes says that this proposition
was made to him by Senator Brewster
In the latter's hotel suite here in February,
Senator Brewster denies fatty that any
such conversation was held. And there
the matter stands One of the two men
Is not telling the truth, but 1t is a simple
matter of the word of one against the
other AS the author of the charge, how
ever. Mr., Hughes had to assume the burden
of substantiating 1t. He has failed to do
this, and the doubt. therefore, must be
resolved in favor of Senator Brewster
This indecisive settlement brings to an
end a senatorial sideshow which at times
assumed the proportions of three-ring
circus. 1t has been an undignified and
occasionally ludicrous spectacle. But it
was necessary to go through with it, for
once the Hughes accusation had been
published it became essential that both
accuser and accused be called upon to tell
their stories under oath The result is less
than satisfactory But it would have been
still more unsatisfactory for this charge
to have gone unanswered.
Evening star., 1947-08-08
Birds and Mon

Then hare not progressed, they are ereH
nor
Much as thep wers ten thousand year9
ago,
Full OF the JOY they sting from the odx
bou0h,
Part of the beauty that all Dttd things
knO11.
Their architecture does not deDdts II
From that employed IN building nests
nhen thep
First sang their melodtea to csJebrgte
The lore and uonder they tonnd IN thstt
day,
eut man, advancing, sped beyond content,
Outdtstanced hopptness, and left oehsrsa
rhe uondrous things by gracious heooem
sent, 2
70 ,oalk, fear ridden, IN a world sons
blind,
Hi, birthrioht gtDen, while IN It's place
there lies
An atom pottaos before his str'cksss
eses. EDWARD D GARNER e
Evening star., 1947-08-08
Essentiol Preparedness

II Congress supports 1t with the neces-
sary funds, the War Departments plan
for industrial preparedness at all times
a plan drawn up in cooperation with
the Navy-can do much to bulwark the
Nations security. That it should be sup
ported seems sci, ,evident. 1t is one of
those essentials that we can neglect only
at great risk to ourselves in what is still
dangerous world.
AS explained In special report drafted
by Secretary OF War Royal during his
service as Undersecretary the plan is based
on this fundamental reality: That II there
Is another armed conflict, American indus
try-which can outproduce the industry
OF any other country-will not have time.
as In the past. to mobilize. 1t will be the
prime target of any aggressor setting forth
on career OF conquest. It will be attacked
at the very start OF the struggle. Distance
and hghting allies will no longer give It
precious months In which to reconyert and
gear itself for all-out military production.
In sum, since we never again can count on
tnat advantage, We must either be ready
70 absorb the shock of a surprise initial
assault or we may be lost.
Accordingly, the War Departments plan
the product of close consultation with
the Army-Navy Munitions Board-calls for
many-sided preparedness program. It
includes stockpiling Of strategic raw mate
rails and system guaranteeing the con-
stant availability of vast amount of vital
industrial tools Moreover, with the atom
and Americas urban vulnerability in mind,
1t envisions decentralization of key pro-
duction wherever feasible and the devel-
opment OF underground sites-natural
caverns and old mines-as "an excellent
means OF passive defense" Above all, the
plan looks forward to continued control
OF 131 Government-owned war plants.
Sixty OF these-built at a cost OF about
$4,000 900 ,000-would be maintained on a
standby basis with an annual outlay of
around $4,000, 900. The rest-costing over
$1,000, 900 000-would be leased or sold. but
with the proviso that the Army could take
them over again within 12O days in case
OF an emergency.
These are measures suited to, the age
IN which we live. They add up to simple
common sense In Secretary Royals words.
we cannot ignore them without serious.
possibly fatal, danger to the national
security Unless and until the world
comes to build good and effective peace,
our industrial readiness will be every bit
as important as the readiness of our mill
tary power itself, Without 1t. after all.
the Army, Navy and Air Force would he
lacking the very thing that gives them
their basic strength.
Evening star., 1947-08-08
When Drinking Is Stopped
Eessgt One Patient Turned to the Violin as xsss.>
j.. C,,L,4:4,,1. f.. A,.L, zsxxw-
By George Kennedy
Last Of three nrticles.)

While the eonditioned-refex therapy for
alcoholism has spread to many private sani-
taris. most persons engaged In the present.
day attack on this problem are against the
method. Conditioning reflex against alcohol
Is . scheduled use Of drugs to cause nausea
every time . drink of liquor Is given the
patient.
DR.. E. Y. williams at Freedmen's Hospital
has been using the method for several years
and reports very favorable results among the
patients with the fortitude voluntarily to 90
through with the treatments. Most Of the
patients walk out before they are completed.
Current-day Nationwide interest in alco-
holism as . public health problem led to the
passage of the Hebert bill for the District
which was signed by President Truman earlier
this week. The bill taxes the liquor trade for
the stablishment of clinics and the iraug,lra-
tion Of a program to attack the problem with
the modern methods now available. One of
them Is the conditioned treatment.
sociologists, psychiatrists and leaders Of the
Alcoholics Anonymous movement say that the
conditioned-rehex method merely eliminates
the symptom (drinking) Of a disease that pri-
marily is q personality disturbance. They say
1t is like reducing fever and doing nothing
about It's cause. Conditioned so that whisky is
distasteful, even nauseating, the alcoholic Is
der a strain that sometimes becomes unbear-
able. Ordinarily the conditioned reflex
(nausea) will pass out Of existence sometime
after the conditioning agent (the drugs have
been removed.
Some Drinkers XIII Reflex.
Sometimes the alcoholic will want alcohol
so much that he will Intentionally overcome
the reflex, despite the physical distress of
drinking. One man decided he had to drink
four months after he had gone through the
conditioning treatments. He bought 4 pint.
The first drink made him sick. The second
and third drinks made him sick The rest Of
the bottle began to give him the old feeling
that psychiatrists call euphoria. which means
feeling very happy He had killed the reflex.
He had no more trouble in drinking but was
right back in the old trouble from drinking.
After q considerable survey, nr. Williams
came to be of the opinion that alcohol causes
about the same pattern Of disturbance in the
Negro population as in the white. Statistics
on arrests show the Negroes are offenders in
proportion to their share of the population.
More Negro women are arrested proportion
ately than white women. Greatest cause Of
excessive drinking among the Negroes. he
thinks, is insecurity in employment, family
and shelter People under such strain con-
slider liquor a necessity he said.
Among white alcoholics, the social derelict
who lives alone in a cheap room or fophouse-
the unmarried man or one long separated from
wife or family-is in considerable proportion.
DR.. Williams said that Freedmen's has never
had an alcoholic who did not haw some
woman interested in him. = wife or common
law wife or, more often, a mother.
DR.. Williams reported that conditioning .
Evening star., 1947-08-08
The UnpredictubIe Child

That Is good advice which the Commits
sioners Traffic Advisory Board offers to
motorists; do not try to guess what a
child will do" An investigation by the
board of traffic accidents in which chill
dren have been injured since the close Of
school discloses that children are generally
unpredictable when at large on the public
thoroughfares. In nine out of ten cases the
children, not the motorists, are prima-
rily at fault. The three most dangerous
practices In which they are too often prone
middle of the block, usually in chase OF a
playmate pet or balli darting into a
traffic lane from between parked cars and
coasting down streets or alleys on tri-
cycles, skates or scooters
The fact that the child may be at fault
does not necessarily relieve the motorist
from share of responsibility however. nor
will 1t ease his conscience A child has no
right to play In the street, of course, but
neither has motorist the right to assume
that child will observe elementary rules
Of safety. The only reasonable thing for
the notorist to do Is to stop or to pro-
ceed with great caution until the danger
Is past. Many accidents could have been
avoided by due consideration of the boards
warning that young children have a way
of doing the unexpected at critical mo-
ment. With more than a month of vaca
ton time remaining, 1t behooves the
drivers OF public and private motor We
hieles tokeep that fact constantly in mind
Evening star., 1947-08-08
Post Office Mechunizotion

dispatch from Prague to the Christian
Science Monitor forecasts what is de-
scribed as "mechanization' Of the postal
system OF Czechoslovakia. Monsignor
Frantisek Hala, minister in charge of
mails, has reported to the Constituent
National Assembly that he intends to
Introduce counting machines and auto
matte weighing scales in post Offices
throughout the country. The object of
these Improvements Is to save manpower
On the other hand considerable enter
prise in behalf of expanded telephone
service is to be undertaken. The number
of village installations Is to be doubled
Negotiations for the acquisition of Amer
proceeding. The promotion of wider use
Of telecommunication and gradual restric-
ton of letter writing seems indicated
Such programs are not new. Experiments
along the same line have been attempted
by other governments in years past.
But the resort to arbitrary endeavors
to change the cultural patterns of people
does not invariably succeed. Among the
reforms which the head of the Czecho-
slovakian posts suggests is that of limiting
the issuance Of new stamps. Perhaps he
has not been aware that his country has
been one of the principal producers Of
postal adhesives for sale to collectors in
different parts of the world. Beginning
in 1920 the Prague series of labels was
philatelic commodity which brought home
uncounted millions of dollars from en-
thusiasts as far distant as Australia
customers who purchased the stickers at
face value exclusively to- save" in capa-
cious albums published for their reception.
The projected mechanization Of the post
Offices Of Csechoslovakia would be an
expensive error If 1t halted the inward flow
of American dollars or their equivalent
It also would be regrettable from the
point Of view of those who appreciate art
in microcosrn. The stamps released from
Prague almost without exception have
been beautiful specimens of the engraver's
craft. Drawings for them have been made
by designers Of superior ability. The dies
and the plates have been as near perfect
as human genius could insure. History,
architecture, the several sciences, music,
religion. philosophy athletics and many
social causes have been democratized by
Evening star., 1947-08-08
Mr.. Trumon's Trip to Rio

Although the White House has refused
to confirm reports that President Truman
plans to address the closing session of the
forthcoming Inter- American Conference
at Rio de Janeiro, the timing of the Pres
ident's flight to the Brazilian capital
heightens the probability of such a de-
velopment The official announcement said
the trip Is being scheduled for "the latter
part of August or the early days of Sep
tember" The conference is due to begin
August Is and is expected to continue into
the first week Of September
It would be surprising If Mr. Truman
were to visit Rio while the important inter
American defense discussions were under
way without taking the opportunity at
least to make an appearance at the parley
OF course, II complications of major sort
should arise at the conference 1t is possible
that Secretary Marshall and the other
United States representatives might advise
against the Presidents attendance. The
conference Is expected to debate many
questions which have caused conflict and
misunderstanding among some of the re-
publics in the recent past. but there Is
no reason to believe that any difficulties
will be encountered that would deter the
President from lending his presence to the
meeting
The chief objective of the conference is
to formulate program of hemisphere
defense measures that will meet with
unanimous approval of the nations par
ticipating including Argentina. The con-
ference would have been held some time
ago but for the breach which existed
between the Peron regime and the
United States. With the smoothing out
of these differences the way has been paved
for an all-inclusive inter-American repre-
sentation at the sessions And hopes for
hemisphere unity on proposals for CO.
ordinating security plans of the North,
Central and South American countries
have risen correspondingly
Secretary Marshall and Delegates Van
denberg and Connally have potentially
embarrassing handicap. however. Failure
Evening star., 1947-08-08
Ry THE HASKIN SERVICE

@. Who was the first Negro to have his sis-
nature on United States currency?-J. w NJ
A. The position of the register of the
Treasury has been held by four persons of the
Negro race, their names and terms Of ONCE
being as follows: B. K Bruce 1871 and
1878; J. w. Lyons, 8-1906; W. T. Vernon.
1906 1911; j. c. Napier 1911-19l3 The names
of these registers of the Treasury appeared on
issues Of United States currency inasmuch AZ
before the issue of the present small-size cur
rency. the paper currency issues Except ma
tional bank notes and Federal Reserve bank
notes. bore the facsimile signatures of the
Treasurer Of the United States and the register
Of the Treasury
Q. How are cedar chips used to control
dogs feast. r.. ir.
A. Using cedar chips as bedding is one way
to keep feas from dog. The chips may be
used either in mattress or loose. They impart
an agreeable odor to the dog.
O. What is the difference between cement
and concrete?-H. H.
A. Cement Is finely powdered substance
which has strong adhesive powers when COM
bined with water. Various materials are used
for cementing purposes. Portland cement Is
one OF the ingredients Of concrete, which Is
made by mixing cement and sand with gravel
broken stone or other aggregate.
~ now many paintings uiu VAN So&l veil
during his lifetime?-M. D. W.
A. During his lifetime the artist was able to
sell only one canvas, and this was for only $50
From the age OF u to his death at 81 he pro-
duced 800 drawing and TAI oils.
Q. Why a species Of banana named
Musa sapientum or Fruit of the Wise Men,
s.. W. z.
A. According to the Civil Aeronsutics Board.
sagea Of India reposed In the shade Of the
banana tree and refreshed themselves With
its fruit.
Q. Are helicopters being used regularly ia
deliver mail?-R. n. r.
A. According to the Civil Aeronautics Board
the helicopter has been adopted for this
purpose. The first off1cial assignment will be
to deliver mail to post offices within the Los
Angeles area from the municipal airport,
taking up where the transport planes leave
off, Az presently planned the company which
il to handle the helicopter mail will serve ae
post offices over three routes totaling sbouk
200 miles.
Evening star., 1947-08-08

the circulation Of different sets. No can
cellation machine, however sk1lfully con-
trived, could have achieved q comparable
result. Monsignor Hala ought TO go slowly
in his Tabor saving" If he wishes to
preserve the profits which his postal
system has been accustomed to earning n
we'll as the educational facilities which
his predecessors brought into existence to
the advantage Of the Czechoslovakian
nation.
Evening star., 1947-08-08

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address OF the
uriter, although it is permissible for
tDriter knotU,a to The Star to use
nom de plume. Please be briet
Evening star., 1947-08-08
Questions and Answers

reader obtain the snswer to any nuestion
Of fact by writing The Evening Star 1nformation
Bureau. 316 street Me-. Warrington .. D. c.
Please inclose cents for return postage.
Evening star., 1947-08-08

The German Mind Appraised
70 the Editor Of The star
A few days ago read in The Star that
Gen. Markey Of Maryland, who is politician
As well as = military man. was sailing for
Italy and Africa to assist in the selection Of
cemeteries for the American wal. dead.
wonder why this trip, before the requested
return Of remains has been completed. News
paper reports indicate that so per cent Of
parents, wives and relatives have requested
return OF the remains Of their loved ones.
This Is ss it should be. for had the Germans
won World War II, they would have obliterated
all graves Of American soldiers of World War
I. erased all evidence Of their defeat and sown
the ground with crab" grass. That Is the
way the German mind works.
Proof OF this may be found in the fact that
when the Germans overran France in World
War II. they went to the Compieene forest.
where the armistice was signed. seized the wax
hfeliks figures representing Foch, Petain. the
German signer, etc, ut the armistice table. d.
stroyed them disznantled the interior Of the
car, destroyed the tracks. plowed the land
to Germany, using the same Is q cattle car
II Germany should rise again and expand
westward, alp American cemeteries will be
erased-without trace.
Ny son Is buried in Africa, since April 1s43
He was among the nrst to make the sacrince
His body has been moved three times Now he
should BE- brought home.
). GOLD STAR FATHER.
Evening star., 1947-08-08

the maintenance Of 200 students At Oxford
University for three-year term Thirty-eight
of these scholarships are allotted to American
students and are worth about $4,000 3 year.
II is easy to conceive that our relations with
England have been greatly aided by the effect
Of ia of our best young men living and study
ing and playing with the British every year
for the past 40 or 50 years.
My suggestion is that 4 world fund for schol-
arships be created by contributions from all
the countries in the world; that some students
from each country 80 to every country in the
world for their education. In the years to come
this would give to each country = nucleus of
people who knew and loved the people Of
other countries. Such a condition would Gre
ate friendly ties that would make war diff
ncult. w. j. VAUGHT.
College Heights, Md.
Evening star., 1947-08-08
That 'Autust Editorial

That August Editorial
TO the Editor Of The Star:
On the editorial page Of The Star Of satur-
day, August T. there appeared \ very beautiful
article. August" Exquisite. from the frst to
the last word. Thank you for the privilege OF
reading an article 30 msrvelously beautiful.
MRS. U. s. GEIGER.
70 tn. Editor Of The Star:
wonder how many people read your August
2 editorial entitled "August'' I fear that
the average person either made no note Of its
existence or else hurrtedly skinned over
It's contents.
1t is rare indeed when one comes across
such = creative publication today amidst the
hustle and hustle OF the tiresome news that
is slowly depreciating civilization. If we would
but slow down this modernistic world to pace
every man and woman could keep up with, we
could once again enjoy good things. tangible
things: things we we're meant to enjoy upon
this earth. CHARLES HEGSTROM.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-06-20
Zoning Rules Permit
Installation Of Tdnlcs
At Dale, w. Central

A letter to the St. Paul branch
Of the st. Paul branch Of the
NAACP from the City coming board
on June revealed that installation
Of gas storage tanks by the Miller
& Holmes Co. at the northwest
corner of Dale and W. Central was
permissible under present st. Paul
coming laws.
The coming board said the corner
was Eoned for commercial use for
approximately 100 feet frontage on
both streets.
The Miller & Holmes firm plans
to install two gas storage tanks
with a combined capacity Of 25,-
900 gallons.
Property owners and the St.
James A. M. E. church had pro-
tested to the city council against
the erection of the tanks on the
grounds that the gasoline storage
would lower property values and in
crease fire hazards in a residential
neighborhood. The council commit
tee with Commissioner Gus Barfuss
as chief advocate voted to grant
the gas firm permission.
The NAACP letter followed crit
icism in the press that that organi-
cation had not cooperated in the
case. Cyrus Lewis branch secre-
tary retorted in a letter to this pa
per that the NAACP has not been
asked to participate in the case.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-06-20
Harriet Lane
Returns From
CORE Meet

Harriet Lane, chairman Of the
Minneapolis CORE returned this
week from Chicago, where she at
tended the fifth annual national
convention of the organization,
June 10 to Is.
Headquarters for the meeting
was at the Woodlawn Cooperative
House, University of Chicago
campus.
Frank Shearer of the Vanguard
League, Columbus, Ohio, and ma
tional chairman of CORE presided.
Included on the program of the
three day session was an address
on Direct Action Against Segre-
CATION" by Ira De A. Reid Of At
lanta, Ga, and a evaluation by Rev.
Archibald Carey, Jr., of the recent
Journey of Reconciliation made by
CORE members to the south.
Miss Lane said plans are being
made to bring to the Twin Cities
members of the group of whites and
Negroes who toured the south test
ing the Jim Crow" practices on
common carriers. The group tested
the Supreme Court decision in
Irene Morgan" case which out
lawed segregation Of passing in in
terstate travel. Their experiences
attracted nationwide interest.
The Minneapolis hapter of
CORE has been organized a year
and has carried on an active pro-
gram of inter-racial non-violent d.
rect action in the area of discrim-
nation in restaurants.
Some $50 restaurants in Mime
apOlis have been tested and eva
luated. The organization also COW
cred the area Of public accommo-
dations during the recent Self
Survey.
Miss Lane was nominated for the
national executive committee Of
CORE during the Chicago conven-
ton business sessions.