Evening star., 1947-12-28

eliis loSC AliSllt OS IildU Cllc ScIiu~
ing of American representatives.
armed forces or money would be
an indication of a sinister motive
on the part of the United States.
lie. an American effort to control
by force or finance a part of the
Arab Middle East.
| 3. To perpetuate the chaos that
mas developed in the Middle East
| in connection with Palestine. Sup
port of minority group obviously
is more effective way TO perpetu-
late troubled situation and in this
case the Palestine Jews are minor
iity in an Arab world.
Fertile Ground for Reds
a. To establish a precedent for
+ partition of states on the Soviet
periphery. Moscow already has lent
its support to claims for Azerbaijan,
Kurdish and Armenian autonomy.
The Middle East is a mass Of
minorities and fertile ground for
continuing agitation IN this direc-
ton. The Greek development, Of
course, is directed toward the same
effect
S. To open the door for immigra-
ton of Communist agents into
Palestine proper. Removal of i'm
migration barriers into the Jewish
portion of Palestine will make it
relatively easy to include Central
European Communist-trained agents
among such immigrants. One group
of Marxist Youth organization
already is reported awaiting clear
ance from the Romanian Black Sea
port Of Costanza. Even Red Army
personnel might be channeled into
the new country by this device,
particularly If foreign volunteers
are permitted into Palestine on the
grounds of participating in its de-
fense OF assisting in maintaining
order.
6. To permit sale of arms and mu-
nitions to both Jews and ARABS,
thereby encouraging hostilities and
perhaps eventually bringing the is
sue before the Security Council as
threat to world peace. Obviously
the Moscow government would in
sist on Red troops being part OF
anv formal international force to
enter Palestine-or would veto the
sending of any force otherwise COM
posed.
7. To create condition Of Middle
East conflict which would prevent
British American development of oil
reserves in that area. Since Middle
East oil figures largely in the re-
Mobilization of Europe under the
Eureapean recovery program, the
blocking of this development either
would seriously impair the ERP
or force the United States to pro-
vide oil from its domestic sources.
Either alternative would be con-
sidered desirable by the Soviet gov
ernment. Already the construction
of the new pipe line from the Saudi
Arabian fields to the Mediterranean
has been halted Indefinitely and
tankers are not available in suff1-
cient number to haul the required
oil from either Middle East or
Western Hemisphere sources.
Back-Door Efforts
Other Soviet efforts to penetrate
the, Middle East by back door
are not being ignored. Intelligence
authorities have found the familiar
signs of Communist effort as prac-
ticed in other countries beyond the
direct border contacts OF Soviet
Russia and have traced these efforts
to Paris headquarters of the party.
First of them has been the prac-
tice of encouraging organization OF
labor, an easy approach in several
Middle East countries with their
primitive industrial economy. Saudi
Arabia, where there are no labor
unions, and Egypt, where govern
nent control of unions is tight, have
been the principal resistance points
to this tactic, but Communist agents
are known to be operating in the
labor movement in Iran, the Leb-
anon. Syria and, to some extent, in
Algeria, Morocco and Tunis. Middls
East representatives attended the
recent Congress of the World Fed
Grafton of Trades Unions, an organ-
ization dominated by Soviet and
satellite elements.
Another familiar device has been
that of encouraging local political
parties that appear indigenous to
their own country but actually have
been dominated by Communist In
iuences. The Tudeh Party in Iran.
now in state of weakness; the Arab
National Party in Iraq, the Pales-
line Communist Party and Com
munist Parties in Syria and the
LSUdilOll il6 We GeSIi VI dAC ouSAi AAi
-trumentalitie@.
Moslem Character a Factor
In the long run perhaps the most
discouraging obstacle to the spread
ing of the Communist theology will
be the very nature of Moslem char
acter. Religion to them is a way
of life, not a theory, and commu-
nism consequently is repugnant not
only to the wealthy because of its
economic threat, but to the poor
because of its atheistic nature. Mos
lens are not revolutionists by ma
ture or by mentality; they aresn1oro
inclined toward fatalism than to
a raan-nade planned economy. In
world which is more agrarian
than industrial they are not uni
versal1v stirred BY an i6eology based
primarily on reforming an indus
trial society.
They are, however, fiercely ma
tionalistic and the depth to witch
they have been stirred by He