davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-09-17
Intolerance Is Not New

To the Editor of The Star:
In a recent article in The Star, Lothrop
Stoddard deplored, as do we all, the
recent outbreaks of violence and bloodshed be-
tween the Sikhs, Hindus and Moslems. But, is
this strange phenomenon in so-called Chris
tian countries? The Pilgrims and Puritans had
hardly run from religious persecution before
the rites of witchcraft put to death many in
the name of the true religion. Foxes book Of
martyrs and the history of the English in the
Spanish Main show atrocities no less horrible
than the stories emanating from England.
What about the French revolution, our own
Civil War, and the present century of blood
shed in the name of democracy and Christian
ity? We, the civilization of today, have just
laid waste much of the earth and butchered
millions of peoples of the civilized world chiefly
to destroy the fascistic philosophy that any
one race of people was God-ordained superior
race. Even at this moment we fear another
devastating war on civilization between those
who adhere to different social and economic
theories of government.
The 400 900 people of India, the millions
more In Asia and Africa can hardly look to
Evening star., 1947-09-17

practically the flW length Of Pennsylvania
avenue at least twice a day. Coming down in
the morning cars going in both directions are
frequently bumper to bumper crawling along
at snail's pace and the bulk of them not
even comfortably filed From the standpoint
OF getting people to their destinations in rea-
sonable time the cars might just as well be
horse drawn.
The same situation applies in considerable
degree to the bus service. Up until fairly re-
Gently I rode the LIZ and La buses daily.
The usual experience was, particularly during
rush hours, that rather than being spaced with
some precision they most frequently arrived
in doubles at least, some times in droves.
Entirely aside from the service rendered
is it not obvious that this haphazard and in
efficient scheduling Of cars and buses results
in waste of equipment and operating person.
mel which has very direct bearing on operat-
ing costs? %s a
should like to offer a suggestion which
might prove constructive: From time TO time
one reads of the administration of q city be-
ing turned over to students, usually high school,
for q short period for the purpose, presume,
of enhancing their "civic conscience" Why
not for day, say, turn over the operation
OF the local transit system to group Of high
school students? Who knows the company
might really learn something from it.
GOOD CUSTOMER.
Evening star., 1947-09-17

disturbance developing in the Caribbean
With the benefit of all the data obtained
by aerial observation and radar checking,
the Weather Bureau has been able to keep
the anxious Florida residents accurately
advised as to the progress and intensity of
the storm. Its victims will have
had ample opportunity to prepare for the
worst. The efficient and untiring efforts
of the meteorologists and their collaborat-
ing stats may save lives and spare prop
erty that otherwise would be added to the
toll of these much-feared Caribbean
invaders
Evening star., 1947-09-17
Something Rotten Here at Home? ?

Something Rotten Here at Home?
To the Editor of The Star
We loaned Britain $4,000, ,O00, ,000-our ally.
What did our merchants do to aid in the cause
of war? They raised prices of foods and sup
plies to Britain about 100 per cent so their
American dollar was worth so cents!
What fine way to treat an ally!
See the way they are robbing the people to-
day! suppose this is what is called American
"free enterprise" What is our Congress doing
to reduce the outrageous rise in living costs?
Nothing, so far as remedying these intolerable
conditions are concerned. Its members chief
concern seems to be at present seeking their
own reelection! a,s~ Ht a'"H
1t is, great shame for Americans, living in
the land of the Free" to be robbed by their
own people! If this trend of things continues,
the starving of the war-torn countries may be
pitying us by-and-by!
If this Government is powerless to help our
own people in such times as this, what can
we dofor those who are seeking our aid abroad?
1t is not that something is rotten in Den
mark" out right here at home!
H B. BRADFORD.
Evening star., 1947-09-17
Our Fur-Seeinq Doctors

The District Medical Society is to be
commended for its progressive outlook
It is planning to televise couple of sur
gical operations next month in connection
with its medical conference. There are
some interesting possibilities. Up to this
time mans insides have been considered
a personal matter, to be held strictly in
confidence between himself, the surgeon,
the nurses and his banker. BY televising
an operation everything becomes an open
secret, so to speak, with the world invited
to look on and in.
Is there not some way of utilizing
this smashed precedent to lower medical
costs? There should be. Suppose Mr.. A
requires an operation, but the price dis
turbs him. DR.. B suggests the solution.
"You have just the qualities that wealthy
sponsor has been looking for" says DR.. B.
And in few days the television programs
will announce-"The Disappearing Gall
bladder, the Inside Truth of What Ais a
Fellow Citizen-Tonight at o'clock, With
DR.. B at the Scalpel. The Program Will
Be Brought to You by the Makers of
Flimsy Furniture-You Can Do Without a
Gallbladder, But Not Without a Chair"
The scale of prices, of course, should
be approved by the Communications Com
mission and standard rates fixed for ton
sillectomies, appendectomies, ETC., with a
bonus paid for size of the article removed,
to be divided equally between the patient
and the surgeon. The surgeon would be
assured of his fee, the patient would be
assured of paying his way out of the
hospital without mortgaging everything
he had left and the sponsor would profit
by honest advertising. But the greatest
boon of all would be the conversational
savings to result. When a dear friend
starts to tell you about his operation, just
imagine the bliss of being able to assure
him-"Don't mention 1t, old boy, I saw it
all on the television. You were perfectly
splendid! You take a marvellous stitch"
Evening star., 1947-09-17
Constitution Anniversary

The one hundred and sixtieth anniver-
Sary of the signing of the Constitution is
a good time for remembering that it is
founded on the principle of the consent
OF the governed. Burton J. Hendrick, in
his classic "Bulwark of the Republic" tells
how in the convention at Philadelphia
the great problem was that of deciding
between those members who wanted de-
mocracy and those who did not James
Wilson, he says, "in every issue that rose
- was in favor of trusting the people
and extending their power" In essence
the Pennsylvania preferred government
of men to that of imaginary beings called
states"
This did not mean that Wilson opposed
the reign of law. On the contrary, he
advocated the So-called national plan,"
stressing the interests of "the people" as
body and picturing the Nation, when at
last it had been established, as IAN organ
ization built on the political power of the
average man" Not many of his colleagues
shared his attitude of complete trust in
the masses. The system of checks and
balances which finally was devised put
many limitations on the populace-and
the Constitution eventually was accepted
only after it had been agreed that these
restrictions should be corrected in the
Bill of Rights.
But wilson's contention was not in vain
even in the autumn of 1887. Mr.. Hendrick
refers to him as "the most powerful in
tellect and strongest moral force" in the
convention. His power was recognized in
the concessions made to it by Gouverneur
Morris and others who symbolized more
aristocratic, less courageous opinions.
"The idea that sovereignty resided in the
people" was the source Of his strength,
and it is very largely because the country
Endorsed and ratified that philosophy that
the Constitution has worn so well, re-
manned so little unchanged for SO long.
True enough, it was and still is an expert
ment," as Oliver Wendell Holmes II in
sisted; but in its elemental character it
never was and is not now gamble.
In 1s47 experience has confirmed the
doctrine of the Constitution not simply
in America but in the world beyond. Gov
ernment of the people, by the people, for
the people is the only variety OF govern
ment which harmonizes with Providence
and with nature. 1t expresses the instinct
of millions of men and women, yelling up
in their hearts and infusing their minds
as the spirit of life itself does. Henry
Clay expressed the same conception in
Evening star., 1947-09-17
Stars, Men and Atoms
AAF Study Finds Peril
In Ghost Snow Storms
Electrical Pattern Developed Similar
To That of Blizzard
By Thomas X. Henry

10 That of Blizzard
By Thomas r. Henry
Ghost snow storms" hitherto unknown
meteorological phenomenon, are reported from
an Army Air Forces study made public through
the American Geophysical Union here.
They are storms in which no snow falls but
which create an electrical pattern in the atmos-
phere similar to that encountered during a
blizzard.
The study was undertaken under the direc-
ton OF DR.. Vincent j. Schaefer on the summit
OF Mount Washington in New Hampshire be-
cause OF the electrical effects on planes caught
in storms.
Weird Balls of Flame.
Snow crystals are electrically charged and
the charge may be either positive or negative.
Such an aircraft as a B-29 encounters approxt-
mately 10 billion of these charged particles a
second. As result an enormous static Is built
up. Instruments, especially radio communities
ton, go out Of commission and sometimes weird
balls OF blue fame, the ST. Elmo's fire, appear
or wing tips.
Hitherto there has been no understanding
CT this phenomenon. In this study a classif-
cation was made of the different types of snow
crystals and the type of electrical charges
they carried. Among the findings was that of
the ghost storms Frequently, it was found
planes would encounter about the same atnos-
pneric electrical conditions in the absence of
falling snow through quite limited area.
This condition results it was found, when
snow crystals start to fall but melt or evapo-
rate before they reach lower levels of the
atmosphere But the charges remaining in the
air parcel which contained the crystals persist
IN the charged condition until the charges
either are neutralized or leak of to the ground.
Persists Longer.
The ghost storm" 1t was found, usually per
sists longer than the electrical pattern OF a
real snow storm. This clears I'D phenomena
which have been inexplicable to flyers In the
past. 1t is likely that the ghost storms may
have been responsible for serious accidents
through sudden failure Of communications for
no known reason
The charges carried on snow crystals It was
found, often are considerable-as great "a
100000 electron volts per crystal Many snow
flakes, however, carry no charge at all Snow
storm electricity is seldom observed at ground
level in middle latitudes but 1t Is reported
as one OF the weirdest phenomena Of Antarctic
blizzards when enormous quantities Of snow are
blown down from the polar plateau At such
times the air is filled with will-o-the -wisps of
blue fire.
DR.. Schaefer was able to differentiate eight
types OF snow crystals ranging from "star
crystals" star-like forms sometimes two inches
IN diameter, to diamond dust" as small as a
thousandth Of an inch in diameter Each type
Is believed to have its own peculiar electrical
properties.
Evening star., 1947-09-17
For Air Preparedness

TO the Editor Of The Star:
Uncle Sam is behaving like the well-known
ostrich with his head in the sand. He believes
that everything is lovely with the world and 1t
Is so good to be alive. The people however
are very uneasy about the unpreparedness OF
our air feet, which should be as strong as all
combined airpower in the world.
We look with anxious eyes to our leaders
to protect us. We want airpower SO strong
as to provide for the safety and security Of our
country and warning to any enemy or COM
bination of enemies who would dare to attack
Us. JACK LEVENSON.
Evening star., 1947-09-17
Trieste as Danger Point

Although the entire Italian situation
seems to be as potentially explosive as
steam boiler with mounting pressure and
the safety-valve tied down, it is Trieste
which appears to offer the most imme-
diately dangerous possibility of detonat-
ing incident"
1t should be understood that with the
ratification of the peace treaty, Italy
regains its sovereignty; so what happens
inside Italy is henceforth at least formally
domestic matter. Trieste, however, has
ceased to be Italian territory, becoming
Free City, under the legal control of the
United Nations. But it's actual status is
so faulty and uncertain that the viability
of the present arrangement is more than
dubious. The Free City" has certainly
started its existence under ominous
auspices, with mass rioting between its
bitterly antagoniStic elements and with
an attempt of Yugoslav troops to enter
the city halted by warning burst of
machine-gun fire from an American bor-
der guard
The bellicose, Moscow dominated Yugo-
slavia of Marshal Tito has, from the first,
made no secret of its determination to
swallow Trieste, by hook or by crook Its
ambition was temporarily frustrated by
the determined action of Britain and the
United States, who ousted Yugoslav troops
from Trieste at the close of the war
by threat of force and have since jointly
garrisoned the city. This dual military
occupation was supposed to give way to
United Nations authority. But the estab-
lishment of this U. N. regime has been
frustrated by the deliberate action of
Russia and its satellites, who have con-
sistently vetoed each candidate proposed
for the U. N. Governorship. So the Anglo
American military occupation will pre-
sumably continue on an interim basis.
each contingent numbering about five
thousand. These ten thousand Anglo
Americans are mere token force beside
! the Infinitely larger Yugoslav army
economically, Trieste's situation is
equally precarious. All the city's normal
trade routes run through Yugoslav terri
tory So all Tito has to do is to close
those routes or put on prohibitive freight
rates to paralyze Trieste's economic life
and leave its 250,O0O population destitute.
1t Is the crowning irony of an inherently
topsy-turvy settlement" that Trieste's
economy rests basically neither on Yugo-
slavia nor on Italy, but upon its position
as the natural trade outlet for the distant
inland regions of West-Central Europe
Austria, the Czech provinces, and even
Southern Germany. Trieste grew great
and prosperous under the defunct Haps-
burg Empire prior to World War I, which
built railroads to this port at the head
OF the Adriatic Sea. At the Versailles
settlement after World War I, which
destroyed the Hapsburg Empire, Trieste
was awarded to Italy because the popula-
ton of the city itself was mainly Italian.
But no international arrangement was
made to perpetuate the economic set-up
of Hapsburg times.
The current Free City" arrangement.
dictated by international rivalries rather
than by economic realities, gives Trieste
scant economic hope. Yet even this
wretched compromise is being sabotaged
by the Moscow bloc. The omens are thus
disturbing in the extreme
Evening star., 1947-09-17
Greeting the Freedom Train

vi SStlIlS 4'ISS0oIt dIl
To the Editor of The Star
An Associated Press notice says THE Ma
tional Committee of the Communist Party
today revealed its hopes of greeting the arrival
Of Americas Freedom Train in each city on
its route with demonstrations on local race
religious and economic issues
This is a very sad picture of American policy
of allowing the Communists to stay in this
country any longer. 1t is high time that we
are moving these aliens to foreign lands. Your
newspaper, and every other newspaper in this
country should call the attention of the Amer
lean citizen to the date of the arrival "of the
Freedom Train" in every city in America. The
Freedom Train should be followed from city
to city with parades, organized first through
the schools (the Board Of Education) so that
there is holiday for the school children when
they form and march to the station as the
young honor guard of this train.
They should be followed by members of the
Daughters of the American Revolution, and the
various allied societies; by the Sons of the
American Revolution; by the American Legion;
Veterans Of Foreign Wars; members of the
luncheon clubs of KiWanis Rotary, Lions,
Civitan and other such groups; by the men,
bers of the Knights of Pythias, Knights of
Columbus, Masons, Eagles, Elks, Orioles, Owls;
by the various high school organizations; by
the college fraternities; and by all real Amer
leans and all religious organizations.
Most of the American citizens are sick and
tired of hearing from these aliens and disloyal
citizens, shouting from the house tops on their
various 'isms." The greatest gift that could be
given to any citizen is first the right to vote
in free election; second, the right to live
under the great Constitution of our country;
and, third, the protection of the Bill of Rights.
AUSTIN G. WALLER.
Evening star., 1947-09-17
Tribute to a Beloved Teacher

To the Editor OF The Star:
1t was heartening to read the letter from
"A Teacher" in recent issue of The Star
teacher who evidently was fortunate-as I
was-to be closely associated with Alys Bentley
That she was genius, few who knew her will
deny. While she was director of music in
Washington, children sang because they loved
to sing. There was real joy In the music les
son-Joy for the teachers as well as the chill
dren. The result was an artistic as well as q
joyous experience. Her charming song books
for children which we used in the lower grades
made the music lesson delight
Her principles of education were far ahead
OF her time, so far ahead that she was not
appreciated until she had left U.S.
Those of us who worked closely with her
learned many things-about musc-about
children-about life.
ANOTHER TEACHER,
Evening star., 1947-09-17
Dewey's 'Statesmanlike Act

DeWeyS OtateSmanI1Ke Act
To the Editor Of The Star:
I write in regard to recent letter to the
editor entitled Recalls a Statesmanlike Act. "
AS you know, this Nation was at war when this
alleged "statesmanlike act" was performed. II
Mr.. Dewey had divulged this information,
concerning Pearl Harbor), he could have been
prosecuted for treason. Further, do not
believe that the American people would have
applauded such an act Thus, If the best
statesmanlike act that Mr.. Dewey can perform
is not to be traitor, my statement still
stands-"Mr. Dewey Is small in stature-any-
way you look at him" A. M. WILLIS.
Evening star., 1947-09-17
Letters to The Star

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address of the
1oriter, although it is permissible for
Driter knoDn to The Star to use
nom de plume. Please be briet.
Evening star., 1947-09-17

100 pounos In 1887 to 2O.5 pounds In 1914,
decreasing to I'll pounds in 1916.
Q. Is the Governor of Puerto Rico appointed
by the President Of the United States?-
N. P. c.
A. On August S, 1947 President Truman
signed legislation providing that the Governor
of Puerto Rico should be elected by the people.
Since 1900 the President of the United States
has appointed the Governor of Puerto Rico
@. Do Confederate veterans of the Civil War
receive pensions?-W H. T.
A. Eleven States maintain pension systems
for Confederate veterans. Until this year there
were II such States Oklahoma abolished It's
system, incorporating 1t in the old-age pension
program
@. Was Franklin Delano Roosevelt ever q
candidate for Vice President?-T M. H.
A. Mr.. Roosevelt ran as the vice-presidential
candidate on the Democratic ticket in 1920.
James M. Cox was the Democratic candidate
for President
@. What causes the reversing falls" in the
st. John River New Brunswick, Canada?-
D. L. Y.
A. The st. John River, which flows into the
Bay OF Fundy in Canada, is noted for its re-
fC1SAAlS 4d1Ao 4IllS Is Quc 10 LUe nlRn LlQe IN
the Bay Of Fundy. When the tide is out, the
falls fow toward the sea. At half tide or slack
water, they are open to navigation both ways
At high water or full tide, the current flows
inward.
@. Is there any difference in the distance It
takes natural and synthetic rubber tires to
stop on ice?-N. NJ r.
A. According to tests Of the National Safety
Council, 1t was found that the breaking dist
ance to stop car on ice was less as the
temperature fell below freezing. Without chains
the distance was consistently shorter for cars
with natural rubber tires. At freezing when
chains were put on the rear tires, the car
with synthetic rubber tires stopped sooner At
q lower temperature this was reversed, and
cars with natural rubber tires came to q stop
faster.
@. Was it ever customary for home owner
to remove the glass windows Of his home when
he went away?-G. L. r.
A. Glass for windows was at first very costly
In the 18th century, when an English noble left
his country place, he packed away his glass
windows until his return.
G. What is garden sauce?-N. C. B.
A. Garden sauce, or garden sass as 1t Is
sometimes called, refers to any garden vege-
tables eaten with meat. 1t Is sometimes called
long sauce" when made from beets or carrots,
and "shcrt sauce" when made from onions,
potatoes and pumpkins.
Evening star., 1947-09-17

attended many
churches in the
Sc. and S.W.
sections of the
city.
No one ques-
tionS the need
of ur air
force, no one
questions t h e
need Of our
reserve pilots
Evening star., 1947-09-17

of the United statse was made not merely
for the generation that then existed, but
for posterity-unlimited underlined, end
less, perpetual posterity."
Evening star., 1947-09-17
Foreign Relief Unconstitutional?

To the Editor of The Star:
We may pour millions of dollars into the
political wastebaskets of Europe and 1t will
not stop the spread of communism; neither
will it prevent the death Of millions of chill
dren who will die of malnutrition and cold
during the coming winter. If we wish to pre-
vent the death of these homeless orphans, we
should bring them to the United States so
they could be adopted by American families,
VINO would give them good homes and bring
them up as useful citizens.
However, children are not the only ones
who will die in Europe because Of cold and
hunger. This is unfortunate, because the seas
are full OF sea foods and the earth still con-
tains ample fuel for all. AL it requires Is
common sense and organization to prevent this
human suffering Sending relief in the form
of money merely makes it more convenient for
them to steal, and sending foodstuffs we need
at home will create shortage which will
further imitation here.
Our Congress has no authority to speno
money for relief or to stem the spread of COM
munism in Europe, even though they believe it
to be just cause. All moneys raised by tax
alton are raised for the general welfare of the
United States and her people, and appropria-
ton Of moneys for any other purpose is un-
lawful The Constitution of the United States
does not grant our Chief Executive or any
branch of our Government the authority to
provide for the general welfare of foreign
nations or their people, and any authority
not granted our Chief Executive or the Con-
gress is expressly denied by the Constitution
Of the United States.
PETER J. CUNNINGHAM,
West Palm Beach, Fla.
Evening star., 1947-09-17
Questions and Answers

A reader get the answer to any question
Bureau, 316 street NE. washington 2, B. G.
Please inclose cents for return postage
Evening star., 1947-09-17
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE

Q. What is the annual per capita consump-
ton of candy in the United StatesP-H c. B.
A., Average per capita consumption of con-
fectionery in the United States increased from
155 pounds in 1887 to 2o5 pounds in 1914,
decreasing to I'll pounds in 1896
Evening star., 1947-09-17
More on the Havoc of Noise

NIOIe OH tH1 I1dVOC OF NOISE
To the Editor of The Star:
Sunday sat in church. trying to hear the
minister, while a squadron of planes from
Boiling Field circled overhead. I am sure that
this was also true of many people who