Evening star., 1947-03-25
Teheran Farley Asked
Turks 10 Enter War
Year Before They Did

OIdtcS ucClucQ W tIy W SCt III hCy
into the war against Germany more
than a year before she. formally
/ joined the conflict.
This was disclosed with publica-
ton last night of what the State
Department said were the full texts
of the once highly secret Big Three
agreements at Teheran, Yalta and
Potsdam.
The documents revealed few
things that had remained secret.
Most of the agreements that were
not covered in the original COM
muniques had been disclosed pre-
viously in one way or another.
American opinion about Turkeys
role in the war changed after the
decision at Teheran that she should
join the Allies Immediately.
Excerpt From Text Quoted.
The text of the military con-
clusions" at the Teheran confer
ence in December, 1943. between
President Roosevelt, Soviet Premier
Stain and then British Prime Min
lister Churchill, contained this Sec
ton:
Agreed that, from the military
point of view, it was most desirable
that Turkey should come into the
war on the side Of the Allies before
the end of the year."
Turkey eventually declared war
against Germany, effective March
l, 1945. deadline set at Yalta for
nations to enter the conflict if they
wanted to be invited to the San
Francisco conference to organize
the United Nations.
Acting Secretary of State Acheson
told the Senate Foreign Relations
Committee yesterday that Turkeys
neutrality actually aided the Allied
cause by barring the way to Axis
expansion into the Middle East.
Normandy Invasion Delayed.
1t apparently was concluded after
the Teheran meeting that diversion
Of sufficient war supplies to Turkey
to enable her to make an effective
fight against Germany was too big
a risk in view of plans calling for
concentration of Allied might else
where.
The Big Three also decfded At
Teheran that Operation Overlord--
the invasion of Normandy-should
be started during May, 1914. Sup
ply difficulties delayed that invasion
until June.
The State Department published
the Teheran, Yalta and Potsdam
texts after Mr.. Acheson agreed to
tdosso during the House Foreign Re-
flations Committee's shearingson the
proposal for $40o, 100000 of aid to
Greece and Turkey.
A section of the Yalta agreement
disclosed British-American dis
agreement over how to handle Rus
sia's insistence that German repara-
tions should be set at $40, 1000 ,000,-
600, with the Soviet getting half.
Roosevelt Backed Russ Figures.
President Roosevelt agreed that
the Russian figure should be taken
"as basis for discussion" in talks
Of reparations commission set up
at Moscow. The British delegation
refused to 60 even this far, insist
ing that no figures should be men
toned pending the Moscow discus
sions.
The reparations agreement at
Yalta also called for reparations
from current German production
and use OF German labor. The
United States and Britain, resisting
Russian demands for reparations
from current production, have in
sisted this provision was superseded
at Potsdam.
A PotSdam agreement that the
Montreux convention governing
Turkeys control of the Dardanelles
should be revised "as failing to meet
present-day conditions" had been
disclosed in substance by former
Secretary of State Byrnes.
Under his direction, the United
States put forward months ago pro.
posals for revising the convention
to give Russian ships free access tt
the Straits at all times. The Soviet
has insisted on a definite share In
their control.
Another previously unpublished
section of the Potsdam agreement
provided that no reparations should
be exacted from Austria. A section
calling for division of the German
merchant fleet equally among Rus
Sia, Britain and the United States
had been revealed in substance BY