davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The union times., 1947-05-31
TO ALL UNION MEMBERS:

On April l7, 1947. the House of Representatives by of 3O8 O7 adopted the Hartley Bill and on May 13 l947 the Senate by of 68 to "A adopted the Taft Bill
 Both of these bills have been and will be opposed by the Labor Movement and by all rghthinkng Amer icans
 These two bills are referred to a conference mtee of both Houses of Congress to attempt to har monize the difference between the provisions thereof and report both Houses one bill for adoption lection and adopted by both Houses by majority vote each House. then referred the President who must within legislative days approve veto the bill after such days it becomes a law.
 The efforts of the proponents of the TaHarey bills now are get bill reported of conference and passed both Houses of Congress by such large ities that the President will fear veto will be Overrdden is the hope of the proponents that they this legislation of the President should the final conference bill be vetoed.
 To defeat the conference report in the House major ity ''No.' The membership of the House is 435 and if all members present and voting at least 2l8 will have "NO." Only lO7 voted ''NO' April IF, I947.
 If the President vetoes the bill that be ridden in the House only if twothirds of the membership present and voting against the position taken by the President thus least l6 members of the House must vote to support the Presidents veto.
 In the Senate there 05 members and to defeat the Conference Report 48 Senators vote s'No' and if there is Presidential will be Oyerrdden if 64 Senators vote to override such veto. To sustain least B Senators to sustain.
 In of Presidential veto, the bill is defeated unless tWOthirds of the members of both the House and Senate present and voting override the either House fails by at least two-hird majority override the veto the bill is defeated To insure that Presidential veto is sustained least one-thrd of either House of Congress vote the that least 32 Senators least l46 Representatives Only "A Senators and lO7 Represent ave voted against this legislation passage in each House.
 This is the most important issue before the Trade Union Movement. Those who behind this legislation determined, vicious and powerful and unless they defeated they will succeed in infcting serious n- jury, if practical destruction, the Free Trade Union Movement and untold damage the people generally.
 After fully considering the situation it exists strongly recommend:
 l. That all officers of all affiliated and cooperating organizations be immediately assigned and directed to get each individual member write a letter his Senator's Representatives and the President stating in his words his views regarding defeating the Confer Report Presidential and sustaining such 2. Resolutions, petitions, telegrams, letters by any officer will not be sufficient only letters in each bers words will have full effect.
 GEORGE MEANY, Secretary-Treasurer.
 American Federation of Labor.
 Fraternaly yours, WILLIAM GREEN President,
The union times., 1947-05-31
AS WE SEE IT
FIVE YEARS AGO IN THE UNION TIMES: THE UNION

FIVE YEARS AGO IN THE UNION TIMES: THE UNION TIMES celebrates its first anniyer- sary with best wishes and congrat- ulations coming from Gov. Hurley, Mayor Murphy, Sec. of Labor Per- kins and many others. A.F.L. ASKS more voice for labor in war effort. STATE MILK DEALERS warned by Teamsters Union against ''pOcketing' savings from every other day deliveries in form of pro- fits. THE UNION TIMES rated as one of the best labor weeklies pub- lished in study of the American Ia- bor press made by Kenneth Under wood. LABOR VICTORY BOARD planned for Bridgeport with repre- sentatives from A.F.L. and CLIO. working in unity.
 SPEAKING about the Duke of Windsor, the Ne,0 York Sunday NesVs said: ''The duke wore gray tweed suit, gray tweed topcoat, and a red and blue suit, with a blouse of contrasting blue, blue hat, blue diamond earrings, and a double rope of pearls.
The union times., 1947-05-31

'Blattner, second baseman, is fast and a fairly good hitter, but cant seem to get the hand of double play. If the Giants had a pivoting second baseman and one more experienced pitcher they might well, they might at that. As 1t is, with the National League race wide open, they figure to be trouble right down to the wire
 Maybe Manager Ott will have done it by the time this comes out, but we have suggestion. Shift Rigney to second to team with the peerless shortstop Buddy Kerr, and put Blattner or Lohrke on third. Ott doesn't have to do it, you un- derstand, but it ,VOuId make us happy.
The union times., 1947-05-31

As the publication Central Labor Council the editorial and advertising policy of THE UNION TIMES under the vision of the officers and executive board of the Council They Vincent
 McGovern Electricians Union B9O President William P EnTgh Union Mo- A. Recording Secretary August Sby Bakers Union Mo- H. Financial Secretary Frank Jacobs Electricians Union No B9O Ser Frank Spadoa Mahinis Union Mo- 420 Alfred Murphy Painters Union Mo- l86 Saul Kreas Plumb
 Union No. 349, Stanley Greing Carpenters Union Mo- 79 George Rheims and John Do Electrioans Union No B9O Bernard G1d S County and Municipal Employees Harold w. Feiark Hotel and Restaurant Workers Union Mo- 4O4 Rose Brunswick Poemen Unon Everett Shaw This published by THE UNION TIMES 1c whose President Nathan Sherman, and Fla
The union times., 1947-05-31
Continued from Page One)

Continued from Page One) said, ''but grand juries have re- fused to issue indictments. That's not because of any tenderness to- ward labor. You see, they'd have to indict and convict the employers involved also-and perhaps fine and jail them-since they'd be equally guilty with labor of violat- ing the law. Juries don't like that prospect"
 WHEN the Fort Worth (Tex.) Press started to unload boxcar of paper on its siding, it found how really hard to get newsprint is: The car was full of Bourbon whiskey. It was reseaIed and railroad officials were notified.
 Huge Profits, Sweatshop Wages
 An unusually shocking picture of staggering profits rolled up by some industries was brought to light this week as 10000 workers of the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company at Winston-Sa1em, N. C., struck for l5-cent an hour wage increase.
 The concerns principal product is Camel cigarettes.
 The union involved revealed that the companys profits in l946 hit $28, 8,OOO,OOO after taxes, $l2,OOO,- 900 more than its entire wage bill. While the average emplOye earns only $l 400 year, the firms profit per worker amount to $2,OOO, the union pointed out.
 As against the sweatshop pay of the employees, l7 directors draw an average of $61,OOO each annually, while the board chairman gets $l27,OOO. In view of that contrast, it's time the underpaid workers gets larger share, the union de- clared.
The union times., 1947-05-31
British Labor Wins

London (LPA) = A member of the British Labor Party will continue to hold the seat in Parliament former ly occupied by the late Ellen Wilkin- son, Minister of Education. In a by election held last week, which US. reactionaries had predicted would show the drop in popularity of the Labor government, Laborite Ernest Fernyhough boiled 2O,694 votes-a plurality of 7,616 over his Conserva- tive opponent.
 When it's bread you want-say union label bread.
The union times., 1947-05-31
This MayorHas Bright Future

EAST CHICAGO, Ind.-(FP)- Mayor Frank J. Migas proclaimed May "A as Laboring Mans Day here and called for a petition campaign de- manding that Pres. Truman veto the Taft-Hartley anti1abor bills.
 The proclamation by the mayor of this steel and industrial town also provided for setting up committees which will canvass the entire town for signatures.
Evening star., 1947-10-05

circulated in Marking and Shang-
hal.
1t is certain that Gen. Wede-
meyers criticism of the Chang ad-
ministration made a painful i'm
preston on the areas controlled by
Kuomintang and gave powerful am
munition to Gen. Chiangs op-
ponents. The Communists have not
deviated from Moscow's line, which
is to attack Gen. Wedemeyer, but at
the same time they emphasize the
fact that President Truman's Spe-
cial Ambassador, although repre-
senting American capitalism and
imperialism, no longer could con-
ceal the rottenness of the Kuomin-
tang.
Military Group Worried.
Military observers at Gen. Mac
Arthur's headquarters in Japan and
Washington are frankly worried.
They say that 1000 years of gov
ernmental corruption cannot be
eradicated in a few years. But
China to them is vitality important,
because of the strategic position It
occupies on the Russian flank in
Siberia.
1t is now an open secret that the
U. S. S. r. has converted Siberia
Evening star., 1947-10-05


dom of the individual man and his
God. It should be kept inviolately
private, not entangled in precedents
or confounded with what Legisla.
lures may take over into the public
domain"
The historical approach so evident
in Justice Rutledge's opinions does
not make for popular acclaim Many
Of his dissents were distinctly con-
trary to contemporary feeling, such
as his arguments that japanese
Gems. Yamashita and Homma hao
been illegally convicted by military
courts and that John l.. Lewis and
the United Mine Workers were not
subject to injunctions in the coal
strike.
In his Yamashita dissent, the jus
tice wrote that "it is not too early
it is never too early for the Nation
steadfastly to follow its great con-
stitutional traditions" Contending
that due process procedure applied
to q Japanese general as much as to
an American citizen, he said:
This long-held attachment Ito
the guarantee of due process) makes
the great divide between our en-
emies and ourselves. Theirs was a
philosophy of universal force. Ours
| is one of universal law"
In his dissent in the Lewis-United
Mine Workers contempt case, JUS
tice Rutledge added to his 44-page
written opinion the extempcraneous
observation from the bench: II want
no part of this decision"
Law Applies to All
With Justice Murphy, the former
Missourian could find no statutory
authority for the majority decision.
Asserting that under government
Of laws and not of men. power must
be exercised under the law, he
wrote:
mo man or group is above the
law. All are subject to its valid
commands. So are the governments
and the courts. If, as think, Con-
gress has forbidden the use of labor
Iinjunctions in this and other cases,
that conclusion is the end of our
function. And if modification of
that policy is to be made for such
cases, that problem is for Congress
in the first instance, not for the
courts" During the war Justice
Rutledge was the most meticulous
Of the court about the rights of in
dividuals. In the Yakus case, the
majority under Chief Justice Stone
found that the Emergency Price
Control Act for the control of in
hation did not violate the constitu-
tional guarantees of due process.
Justice Rutledge. speaking for him
self and Justice Murphy, insisted
that the criminal penalties together
with. the proposed procedural short
cuts deprived citizens of their rights.
The Schneiderman Case
"The procedural pattern upheld
by the COURT is one which may be
adapted to the trial of almost any
crime he wrote. "Once approved,
it is bound to spawn progeny"
This regard for the courts prece-
dents was evident in his concurring
opinion In the famous Schneider
Evening star., 1947-10-05

In 1945 he was more successful
in having his view of the superior
ity of laboring men over labol
unions adopted by the court. II
Elgin, Joliet & Eastern Railway
Co. VS.. Burley the court divided
S to 4, with Justice Rutledge writ.
ing the majority opinion. Thi.
held that an individual employs
could have judicial review of ar
award by the Railroad Adjustment
Board based on a collective bar.
gaining arrangement in which the
employe had not specifically au.
thorized compromise of hi
claims. Organized labor demanded
a reconsideration of what 1t callec
a blow to collective bargaining
agreements. The majority, again
speaking through Justice Rutledge
turned the unions down.
Justice Rutledge brought to the
/ highest court more than experience
on the bench. AS a teacher his
range of interests was wide. His
main subjects were business organ
ization; he also taught torts, con-
fict of the law and constitutional
law. No colleague in the Supreme
Court surpasses him in knowledge
of constitutional history.
Jefferson His Authority
| This scholarly knowledge of early
American history was never better
demonstrated than in his dissent
last February in the so-called New
Jersey school bus case. The issue
was the first amendment Of the
Constitution which states:
Congress shall make no law re-
specting an ablishment of relig-
ion, or prohibiting the free exercise
| thereof = ."
A majority of Ave held that this
article did not invalidate New
Jersey statute authorizing town.
ship board of education to reim-
burse the money parents spent for
public bus transportation of their
children to schools, including Cath
olic parochial schools giving re-
ligious education in addition to the
secular.
Justice Black, whose economic
liberalism" is often more pro-
nounced than his civil rights" lib
eralism wrote the majority opinion.
Justice Rutledge spoke in vehement
dissent for himself, Justice Frank
furter, Justice Jackson and Justice
Burton. Justice Murphy, promi-
nent lay Catholic who often sides
with the civil rights liberals, voted
with the majority.
With Thomas Jefferson and James
Madison as his authorities, Justice
Rutledge reviewed at length the
struggle in Virginia Legislature, the
Continental Congress, the Consti-
tutional Convention and the First
Congress for absolute separation of
the church and state. He acknowl-
edged that the constitutional pro-
hibition placed a double burden on
Catholics who had to pay for the
support of public schools as well
as their own. This, he said, was
price for religious freedom for
themselves and others.
'The realm of religious training
and belief" he wrote. remains, as
Evening star., 1947-10-05
Middle East Is Setting
For Battle of Nerves
Y. 5. Stake Is Tremendous Both in Dollars
and National Security as Arabs
Evaluate Political Trends
By John c. Henry
StuK Sfoff Corresnondsni

Observation-Disclosures dispute oil devel-
Northern
international struggle that is shaping
1t is struggle in which the coalition such
called holds
political issues local
Evening star., 1947-10-05
Chang Turns to Stain
To End Strife in China
Ambassador Koo Stops Seeking u. S. Aid
While Marking Tries to Resolve Quarrel
With Mao via L. S. S. r.
By Constantine Brown

Dr. " Wellington Chna Ambassador to the United States
has instructed Marking the time
from pursuing Chna request for American assistance her domestic
Moreover unonrmed that Generalno
Chang Kashek approaching Moscow with patching his
differences with the Communists.
Evening star., 1947-10-05

(See BROWN, Page C-5D
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1947-09-19

Protestant to be a Protestant and
a good American, a Catholic to be
a Catholic and a good American,
a Jew to be a Jew and a good
American, Negro to be a Negro
and a good American. The people
to watch and to oppose are those
who strive, by spreading prejudice,
to make America land for their
class only-as the Communists do
or their kind only or their group
only-as the Fascists do-denying
the rights of others to free partic-
ipation in our life and using what
ever means they can to drive them
out of society.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1947-09-19

II understand that your Organi-
cation has undertaken the special
project of the Vladeck Home for
Displaced Jewish children in Bru-
nOy, France, for the rehabilitation
of the future Jewish generation;
and that the WOrhmen's Circle is
now sponsoring a Hospital in Ne
gev, Palestine.
I'm all this you are doing a
great work-and should be COM
plimented. But it is all due to the
unity of purpose which you pos
sess and strength in your member
ship-that your high ideals will be
accomplished"
Other speakers at the Confer
ence were N. Chanin, national Ed
vocational Director of the Work
mems Circle, also representing the
Jewish Labor Committee; P. Block
Executive Director of American
ORT; r. Lazarson, of the "Zuk-
unfit, Jewish literary journal;
and David Herman, representing
the National Jewish Workers
Alliance.
w. B. Bell of Houston, Texas
was reelected Chairman of the
Southern District Committee
Workmen's Circle. Other officers
chosen were: M. J. Merlin of At
lanta, Secretary; Mrs. F. Weinel
of Galveston, assistant secretary;
H. Applebaum of Savannah, treas
urer; J. Dontov, Miami Beach; C
Weintraub, Miami, and ]. Press
Chattanooga.
Chattanooga, Tenn. was desig
mated for the Goth Annual South
ern District Conference of thu
WOrkmen's Circle, to be helt
Labor Day weekend in 1913.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1947-09-19

eaThe Workmens Circle, I am
,rformed. is not quite so years
Dvoung", yet in such brief span
If organizational life, you have a
oreat record of accomplishments.
"OriginalIy you were designed
n integrate the life of the Jewish
immigrant worker and to find eco
nomic security for him, culture,
education, and material benefits
for his immediate needs. The
success of the WOrIxmen's Circle
efforts in these directions is now
a matter of history.
"And what about your present
tasks today? I am informed, it
is the hopes and aspirations of
your organization in cooperation
with other groups to help build
the abundant and secure America
we dreamed of during the war;
to furnish leadership in world
affairs; for peace and security for
Jews and all other minorities
everywhere.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1947-09-19
The Principles
Of Unity
CONTINUED from Page Three)

CONTINUED from Page Three)
There is the principle of major
ity rule and the security of minor
ity rights against both the. state
and the majority. Americans of
good will are united on that prin-
ciple-regardless of their religion,
their race, their national origin,
or their class.
There is the principle, as Jeffer-
son again stated in the Declaration
of Independence, that the function
of government is to secure to men
the rights they have from God
a principle which protects us for
ever from State tyranny and
makes the Government mans SER
want, not his master. We are
united-CathOlics, PrOtestants and
JeWs-On that principle.
When we speak of Unity in
America, it is Unity based upon
and growing out of the accept
ance, in the main, of these prin-
ciples. We are not trying to en-
force any kind of uniformity in
religion or politics. Indeed, the
principles upon which we are unit
ed, teach us that we have an in
alienable and inherent right to be
different.
We are not seeking to force any
one into a mOld-Or to expel any
group from our society. We are,
instead, saying that everyone of
every group has an inherent right
to enjoy the fullest opportunities
America offers and to develop his
talents to the highest possible de-
gree without discrimination a.
gainst him because of his race,
religion, national origin, or class.
We are not endeavoring to de-
prive any religious group of its
particular and precious beliefs
We are, in accordance with our
principles on Unity, maintaining
the right of every religious group
to teach and practice it's tenets
free of persecution or restriction.
We are united on those prin-
ciples which guarantee our free.
dom to be free and to be differ.
emit.
The people to watch in America
are not those who seek Unity or
this basis-but those who deny
it-those who deny the right of q
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1947-09-19
R,uai Birth Leader Addresses Workmen's
Circle Southern Convention

Harry NOwaIs VcePredent of District Lodge No.
Rua greeted the 2Sth Annual Southern Conference
the Circle which took place over the
DAY He stated in part foOwing In behalf
- instruct Lodge Birth, which comprises the
tes of Mississippi Alabama Oklahoma Arkansas and
~vos and it's official representative give Won ereer
~ at this your District Conference
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-08-16

were located he took over one of the best hotels, which he publicly announced had to be considered as his private residence.
 The late great General Patton repeatedly clashed with Lee over the failure of the Third Army to get adequate supplies, among them winter warfare clothing. It was not until the Third Army had turned the tide in the Battle of the Bulge that it finally began to get some of this equipment.
 On one occasion, Patton bluntly demanded of Eisenhower that he crack down on Lee.
 NOTE-A detailed account of Pattons behind-the-scenes warning with Lee over supplies is told in
 Lucky Forward" bare-knucklcd history of the Third Army soon to .e published (Allen, writer of the above report on General Lee, was a colonel on General Patton's staff during the war.-Ed. Note)
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-08-16
System of Propaganda"
Cincinnati Enquirer

Most of the testimony given by Victor Kravchenko before the House un-American Activities Committee talles> with what already is quite generally known about Russia and it's present attitude to That the ority of the Soviet Unions representatives thls country spies that espionage has been intensified that Gromyko merely lay figure Ambassa- dor that chances for the overthrow of the present regime in Moscow from within very slim; that the Russians want the atom bomb. and that they are responsible for the lack of progress in the United Nations all obvious to any moderately well-in- formed individual And in advising against the out lawing of the Communist party in America, the grounds that freedom is great strength the former head of the Russian Purchasing Committee in the United States finds himself in agreement with Edgar Hoover.
 Kravchenko, however made one point which un- way he would curb Communist influence in the United States he said that the entire system of American pro- paganda must be changed
 That is very interesting but just what is this system? To the best of knowledge do not have any-a lack, which may again be strength, but if Kravchenko is right, is weakness Our govern ment, in fact, scarcely has intelligent method of informing it's people of what it is doing.
 We maintain, have era times in the past, that if the State Navy and War departments should release of the reports of its officials who have been pushed around and humiliated by the Rus sians in Moscow and Communist fronts in Belgrade, Bucharest Sofia Budapest and Vienna the facts thus revealed would speak far effectively than any system of propaganda" yet devised It is hardly likely that a public thus informed could long "enain indifferent
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-08-16
"GOD-ALMIGHTY" LEE

Aside from the question of Lee alleged antics. the matter IS very serious because of it's possible ad- verse repercussions on the univer- sal military training issue here.
 The fate of this urgently needed defensive measure is very much ln doubt. To further it's enactment, the Army last year announced far-reaching changes in its tradl- tional caste sytem, and set up a model training camp at Ft. Knox. This camp has won high praise from numerous outstanding civilian leaders.
 If the reports of what is trans bring in Lees theatre are con- lirmed by the Congressional com mittee, it will provide devastating ammunition to UNIT foes.
 Lee was chief of supply in the European Theatre duriDo the v'"r. He was not a popular figure. He was widely known as "God-Ai- mighty Lee because of his high handedness and luxurious living. In Paris, where his headquarters