davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-10-12

VOU do not pay any fixed yearly sum a member
L of the Book-of the Month Club. Yo. simply pay
dr the psvexlr books yor 10 take, and You have
very wide choice among the important books
published each year.
Not only do the Clubs five Judges, every month,
choose outstanding book (sometimes double
selection) as the book-ofthe-month in addition the
Club makes available Special members editions of
many widely discussed books-making a'tal efGty
sixty books each year from which you may choose.
Ifyou buy few oxr Of these looks IN any ts0etre
month period, you get the full privileges of Club
membership, and since there to be, among
many good books, at least jo4r that yox noald bay
any.ay, the saving to you is extraordinary.
You pay the regular retail price-frequently less
for the book oft themonth, whenever you decide
Evening star., 1947-01-10
Mountuin GIucier

/ am riDer, frozen In my course, 20
Doomed to creep when ! spds made
to run; :.
No mossy orooksets feed me at my
source,
No ocean ioatts for me .chen Hfe o
done.
MY banks are ancient granite, quarts
and shdle y.
That neUeT gresD laurel, odk or pine:
My currents cannot help a boat to sail,
Nor send rich quarry to a fishing line.
I hare no n,arshy copes for nesting
birds,
No sun-,Darmed pools trhere tpnteY
plants may folDer;
! cannot quench the thirst OF bro,osiBU
herds,
Nor furnish Dapor for summer
shotper.
I am q riDer. meant for dance and
song,
TO make earth brighter a. fop
along;
/ am SiueT. stoItf as d stone,
Lifting IN bGsTeHness, unloUed, Gione.
sUDM STUART HAdER
Evening star., 1947-01-10
MurshuII's Task

AS far as vital principles are con-
cerned, there can be no doubt that
General Marshall, our new Secretary
of State, will adhere to the line
already established by President
Truman and Secretary Byrnes. In
that sense, governments abroad
would do well to assume that there
will be no break in the continuity
of our foreign policy and no change
in its fundamentals. Moreover from
the American standpoint, all of US
can be confident that that policy
could hardly be placed in abler or
wiser hands than General Marshalls.
Yet there can be no denying that
the sudden change in command at
the State Department-the third
since Secretary Hull's resignation
two years ago-is bound to have a
temporarily unsettling effect. It
creates a situation not unlike the
one that obtained after President
Roosevelt's death and the political
Evening star., 1947-01-10
Gamblers and Football

The enly consolation which sports
lovers can derive from the sordid
attempt by professional gamblers to
"flx" the National Football Leagues
1916 championship game is the wish
full thought that the ultimate effect
will be as salutary with respect to
professional football as the Black
Sox scandal was to baseball. There
were those who thought the Chicago
case would mean the ruination of big
league baseball. AS a matter of fact,
1t cleared the air of whispered sus-
picions and rumors and ushered
professional baseball into an era of
unprecedented public acclaim and
confidence-thanks largely to the
two-fisted rule of the late Judge
Lands.
Professional football recently has
been the subject of too much loose
talk for the good of the game. More
and more openly ugly rumors have
been flying among the fans. rumors
not easily traced to their source but
nonetheless damaging to the sport
as a whole. The conviction in New
York of Alvin Paris, smooth talking
night-life figure, on charge of try
ing to bribe Giant stars Merle Hapes
and Frank Filchock provides the
starting point for the type of thor
oughgoing league inquiry and house
cleaning that is absolutely essential
II pro football Is to lift itself above
current doubts. The testimony at
Paris trial was such as to justify
further consideration of the cases of
both Hapes and Filchock. The fact
that neither player saw fit to inform
their coach or other club officials of
the brazen attempts to induce them
to throw" a crucial game-and the
further fact that Filchock was per-
mitted to play in the crucial game
after originally denying that an
attempt to bribe him had been made
call for something more than a
routine explanation.
As Sid FEEDER, Associated Press
sports writer. pointed out in an
article yesterday. there remain a
number of questions which the fans
viii want answered. What kind OF
training and conditioning rules, for
example, permit players to cayor,
Evening star., 1947-01-10
The New Secretary of State
Bv Rav,, ond MoIey

from the ranks Of politics and, in gen.
eral, have been distinguished lot.
The work calls for o superior sort Of
political acumen.
Negotiations with foreign nations are
governed by the same rules OF strategy
as are present in high domestic politics.
The Secretary of State must also be q
skillful Judge Of public opinion. Gen.
Marshall in his war service had to deal
with foreign nations, but he never had
to worry about domestic opinion. His
chief in the White House was completely
adequate in that respect As Secretary
Of State, Gen. Marshall will have no
such political guidance as he had as
Chief of staff. President Truman has
no desire to be his own Secretary OF
State: no President has held himself
more detached from State Department
decisions. Gen. Marshall will be on his
own now, and he must rely upon his
own background Of training and expe-
rience, which has been almost wholly as
an Army officer. An Army officer may
underestimate the importance OF edu-
eating the public and overestimate the
value of secretiveness.
MI. byInco ildo cuSScoSAu11 SAoaeAe
European problems to q point where
they may be worked out, altnougn the
German treaty will be the big test. It
may be that, since Marshall knows the
dangers and meaning Of war, he viii
more successfully pursue the promising
start which has been made toward
genera, disarmament But 1T is more
likely that foreign policy will be more
closely identified with military advan-
tage. 1t is also possible that Marshall
will get on better with military minded
Russians. And his administrative ability
may help In the sadly needed reorgan-
ization Of our ramshackle State Depart-
ment. No American can help but il-
dulge In Q profound hope that the
general win succeed in his duties. For
critical months are ahead.
Uesesssd b. the Associated Nswspapsrh tual
Evening star., 1947-01-10

In many comments on Gen. George
c. Marshall's appointment as Secretary
of State there seems to be q dubious
political assumption. This is that
Marshall now looms UP as an important
presidential possibility for 1913.
Before considering the generals quail
fications for his new Job, 1t may be well
to dispose of the 1948 angle. In the
first place, Marshall win be SO years old
before the Inauguration in 1913. Fur
thermore, he viii now be closely identi-
fed with the Truman administration
and it is likely that Truman himself
will be the candidate. Certainly the
Republican Party would not select Mar
shall, with a wealth of other material
at hand. And Gen. Marshall is entering
on his new Job with no assurance that
his conduct of foreign affairs will be .
bowling success.
The elevation Of Gen. Marshall will
in no way stop the favorable speculation
concerning the availability OF Gen.
Dwight D. Eisenhower for the nomina-
ton on one ticket or the other. Eisen-
hover is 10 years younger than Marshall.
He can, as Chief Of Staff, retain that
delightful detachment from political
issues so useful to a possible candidate.
Marshall, on the other hand. must be
the chief factor in the cabinet, attend
cabinet meetings and, at least by suffer-
ance, bear part Of the responsibility Tor
the momentous decisions which will spell
victory or defeat for the Democrats In
1948
Informed opinion viii be hopeful but
reserved in its attitude toward the new
Secretary of State There is no prece-
dent for the appointment of q military
man as Secretary Of State In the United
States and there are few, II any. prece-
dents In England or France. We have
had our share Of general Presidents,
who have usually left foreign anairs
strictly In charge Of the State DEPART
uaent. Secretaries Of State have como
Evening star., 1947-01-10
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

Important events Of the past week
have followed each other with rapidity
bewildering to the interpreter.
The Presidents state-of- the Union
address occurred between the resigna-
ton OF Mr.. Baruch from the Atomic
Commission and the resignation of Mr..
Byrnes as Secretary Of State. The ad-
dress, which seemed to me admirable
as a whole, was, thought, weakest in
dealing with the international situa-
ton. Mr.. Truman admitted that he
did not regard the peace treaties for
Italy, Bulgaria, Romania and Hungary
as Completely satisfactory" It is my
guess that by the time they come up
before the Senate for ratification, they
will have proved even more unsatis-
factory.
We are already seeing in Hungary
what measures are taken by the Com
munists in anticipation of the with
drawal OF Russian troope once the
treaties are signed. Measures will not
be less drastic in Romania or Bulgaria.
The treaties are, therefore, likely to
come up in a highly charged political
situation.
And + anticipate that before and
during the forthcoming March confer
ence in Moscow, to make peace treaties
with Germany and Austria, we shall
have cause to revise the optimism OF
the last weeks with regard to Russian
co-operativeness. think, rather, that
Russian retreats, such as they have
been. are but softening-up tactic to
prepare for the struggle in which they
11xy ban ha eefftaySnarte
Germany and Austria
And If events in Eastern Europe &C
celerate along the course Of the last
few weeks, the western powers in Mos
COW are going to find themselves con-
fronted by many fats accompli.
Hungary and Poland are of the great
est importance for the Soviets' political
strategy. These countries are the him
terlands Of Germany and Austria. II
they are safely in the Soviet pocket,
the bargaining potential Of the west
ern powers viii be negligible. In real
ity, the Soviets will be permanently on
the Danube and Elbe Rivers.
A genuinely strong, free and indie
pendent Poland" genuinely free and
democratic Hungary; that is to say, q
Poland and Hungary not exclusively
dominated by the Soviet Union, are
essential to the restoration Of a, Ger
many and Austria neutralized between
the great powers.
= +
Like every one with whom have had
an opportunity to speak, this column
regrets the resignation of Mr.. Byrnes.
Between Potsdam and Tuesday of this
week, Mr.. Byrnes travelled q long way in
experience. He went into the problems
Evening star., 1947-01-10

In night clubs until early morning
hours when a championship game Is
in the offing? How can gambler
be seen in public with players at
night resorts and even visit them at
training camp without arousing sus-
picion? How can gambler--as was
testified at the trial-gain access to
authentic information about physi-
cal condition Of key players and
other supposedly guarded data?
Football Gear Bert Bell has the op-
portunity and the obligation to try
and clear up such questions as these,
If professional football is to benefit
from the Paris mess as baseball did
from the Black Sox expose.
Evening star., 1947-01-10
This Changing World
By Constantine Bro,yn

Yenan, and it is to this group and It's
counterpart in the Kuomintang that
Gen. Marshall looks for leadership in
establishing Chinese democracy.
This is farsighted craftsmanship de-
void Of theological bias and prejudice
and resting solely upon the facts Of
the situation.
Although from the short-range view
1t might be said that Gen. Marshall
had failed In his mission simply because
he had not succeeded In establishing
peace in China, he has definitely suc-
ceeded in preventing China from fall
ing into Russia's lap by virtue OF COM
plete political chaos. As long as the
United States was actively engaged in
seeking China's pacification, any med
ding by Russia there would have
brought her into immediate conflict
with American policies.
y i \
This danger Of providing Russia with
troubled waters In which to fish re-
mains potentially as long as strong
centralized Chinese government does
not exist, but latent Russian designs In
China can be thwarted by continuance
of the active American policy in China
which Gen. MarSaall has represented
for more than year. It will be one
Of his major functions as Secretary
Of State to find enough time from
affairs In Europe ticularly the Ger
man and Austrian peace treaties-to
press further for conciliation in China.
Gen. Marshall is by now no stranger
to diplomacy and his 13 months in
China will stand him in good stead as
he grasps the helm, Of American for
eign relations. But he will 60 to Moscow
in March under several handicsps. Not
the least Of these is inexperience in deal
ing directly with the Russians, aptitude
which Mr.. Byrnes acquired only after
a year of almost constant contact with
Moscow's diplomats. There is no ques-
ton of Gen. Marshall'S ability to enter
into close and warm personal relation
ship with the Russians, but there must
be preliminary get-acquainted period
before smooth working relationship
can be established.
Gen. MarshalPs sphere Of opportunity
is considerably broadened, not only as
his new job gives him the whole field of
American foreign policy in which to
work, but also as it opens up new
vistas for his political future beyond
the State Department. The possibility
that he is being groomed as 1948 Dem
ocratic standard bearer is by no means
to be excluded.
Evening star., 1947-01-10
Cafeteria StuIemote

In view OF the near-approach 10
an agreement that marked an earlier
stage OF the negotiations. 1t is not
easy for the public to understand
why management and labor now
seem to have drifted so far apart in
the current strike against Govern
ment Services, Inc. On New Year
Day, after a postmidnight confer
ence among union negotiators, GSI
representative and Federal concili-
ators, both sides tentatively accepted
a conciliation proposal involving an
eight-cent-an-hour increase for en-
ployes Of the fifty GSI cafeterias. But
the conditional agreement reached
by the union negotiators later was
rejected by a vote of the union-and
the stage was set for the present
deadlock.
What apparently tipped the scales
against union acceptance of its COM
mittee's recommendation was the
disclosure that the non-GS1-oper-
ated Agriculture cafeteria had just
placed in effect wage scale and
welfare benefits more liberal than
those in the conciliation proposal for
GSI restaurants. GSI officials assert
1t is unfair to compare the single,
well-patronized Agriculture cafeteria
with the far-ranging and necessarily
uneconomic operations of GSI. They
say the cafeterias piled up deficit
in 1916 OF more than 100000 and
that any further wage increases or
employees benefits will necessitate
further increases in lunch prices for
Government employees.
Federal conciliators undoubtedly
have been faced with unusually
complex problems, because of the
peculiar setup of GSI. This case
involves few of the ordinary ele-
ments of a controversy between a
private employer and his employees.
GSI is nonprofit distributing agen-
cy supervised by Board of Trus-
tees composed of Federal officials.
It's more prosperous cafeterias help
to support lunchrooms in some Gov
eminent agencies that never have
been self-supporting but which must
be maintained in the interest of civil
service efficiency. Private industry
could not be expected to undertake
profitless ventures of this nature.
1t Is obvious that it is to the Gov
ernment's interest to bring the strike
to an end as quickly as possible. If
the present conciliation efforts reach
an impasse, there is but one logical
course NATURALIZATION. An unbiased
arbitration board should be able to
bring both parties back to common
meeting ground and settle, the dis
pute equitably. Since both sides
scarcely more than a week ago
seemed on the verge of such settle
ment, an earnest and reasonable
effort by all concerned should facili-
tate an arbitration agreement salts
factory to every one-not overlook
ing patrons of the cafeterias.
Evening star., 1947-01-10
The Difference
By David Laurence
ON the Lawrence Journal-world.

From the Lawrence Journal-world.
Senator Hatch charges the Repub-
hcans are violating the spirit of the
new law streamlining congressional
procedure by placing more members OF
that party on committees than the
Democrats think they should have. It
can hardly be denied that throughout
their long tenure in control, the Demo-
Gratis saw to 1t that Democrats domi.
mated all committees, as every one ex.
pected them to do.
A part Of the current Democratic dis
satisfaction with having the Republl-
cans do the same thing may be laid to
the difference between dishing 1t out
and taking it.
Evening star., 1947-01-10

Of u. N. and the making Of the peace
treaties sharing the generally optimistic
attitude thatthe interests Of the United
States, Great Britain and the Soviet
Union could be fairly easily reconciled
in reason and the desire for peace. Mr..
Byrnes learned the hard way, and the
fact that he did learn-namely, that
distrust, bad faith and double dealing
were facts, not fictions-laid him open
to brutal attacks from the extreme left,
which he bore with patience and dignity.
He inherited State Department at
loggerheads within itself. Nothing could
better illustrate this than the fact that
within q few days of each other the
State Department first gave financial
aid to the present Polish government,
thus dramatically strengthening It's po-
sition on the eve Of elections, and then
sent a strong protest to that very gov
ernment against the alleged terror it is
practicing in order to secure the out
come OF the elections.
It almost looks as though we had
two State Departments, representing two
different powers.
And although there is a disposition
to take Mr.. Baruch and Mr.. Byrnes at
their words regarding their reasons for
resigning, washington reporters read
more serious interpretations into both
acts. Gen. Marshall has not yet taken
Office but already some of these venture
the prediction that he will be less Stub
born on atnmic-bomb control than Mr..
Baruch-though Mr.. Baruch insisted
merely on calling a spade spade.
+ X
No one will challenge Mr.. Baruch's
own estimate of Gen. Marshall: Utter
~ selfless; has character and ability,
love of country and indefatigable energy,
with q thorough understanding OF or
ganization."
Nevertheless, Gen. Marshall is q SOL
dier and q military strategist, not q
political strategist, and he comes to his
new office from highly important
political post in which he admits he
failed.
Possibly any one would have failed.
but his report shows that he failed to
grasp the essential fact that coalitions
which include Communists cannot pro-
duce liberal governments, but are in
variably used as wedge for obtaining
total and despotic power.
The only conceivably successful tactic
would have been to encourage the
Kuomintang government to take lib
eral line and compete with the Com
munists, but never to attempt to share
power with them. That is the lesson of
Poland, Hungary, Yugoslavia and every
other country which has tried coalition.
It may be, of course, that Gen.
Marshall has learned this lesson, but
his report on China does not indicate 1t.
(Released nv the Bell Syndicate, Inc)
Evening star., 1947-01-10

Gen. George C. Marshall takes over
the State Department from Secretary OF
State Byrnes with record OF competent
diplomatic effort for more than year in
what beyond doubt has been the most
difficult foreign mission of the United
States Government If the tangible re-
suits OF this mission have been small, the
reasons lie more In the barrenness Of the
soil in which he worked than in any lack
of diligence on his part.
Gen Marshall would have become
Secretary of State last summer II 1t had
not been for Secretary Byrnes' self-sac-
Tifice in insisting on continuance in his
job until the Axis satellite peace treaties
were completed. Mr. Byrnes departs now
only because of strict doctors orders
which require that he relieve himself Of
the man-killing job of creating stable
and lasting peacetime diplomatic system
in the world.
The additional six months which Gen.
Marshall has spent in China, endeavor-
ing to reconcile the conflicting factions
there, have in no sense been wasted, and
his public statement analyzing the
causes of China's present condition Is
strong evidence of the depth Of his per-
ception and ability to evaluate political
factors.
X 4 Il y,
It has long been the conviction of
many observers of Chinese politics-just
as Gen. Marshall is convinced-that sue
cessful pacification in China will depend
upon the great rank and file of middle
of-the-road liberals who find themselves
in one or the other of China's factions,
the Kuomintang and the Communists.
Gen. Marshall found his greatest OBJ
stacles among the extremists on both
sides-first of all the Kuomintang "reac-
tionaries," and to only slightly lesser
degree the old dyed-in-the-wool Com
munist members, who would stop at
nothing to gain their end, which is q
Communist China. The existence Of
liberal element in the Kuomintang has
long been recognized and it has sue
ceeded, with Gen. Marshall's help, in
injecting fair measure of its political
philosophy into China's new constitution
Gen. Marshall points out the existence
of somewhat less we'll known but sub
stantial body Of young liberals in the
Communist Party ranks who were driven
there by deep-rooted corruption in the
local governments, which in many ways
are beyond the direct control of the
national government. This group. not
being Communist by conviction but
rather by protest, could be weaned
away from its present amliation with
Evening star., 1947-01-10

defeat Of Prime Minister Churchill.
events effecting an overnight trans
formation in the top American and
British representation at the Pots
dam Conference. General Marshall
has been named to succeed Mr..
Byrnes Just two months before the
scheduled opening of the crucial
Moscow meeting of foreign minis
ters. This means that he will have
little time-after his long mission
in China-to prepare himself for the
negotiation Of the all-important
Austrian and German treaties. It
means, too, that there will have to
be a kind of reassessment, a new
measuring up. of personalities
among the leading statesmen of the
Big Four.
Nor is this all that confronts Sec
retary Marshall. In effect, his job
will be to carry through with the
hardest part of the peace-making-
the drafting of treaties not merely
for Austria and Germany but. very
probably for japan as well. Stimuli
taneously-just as in the case Of Mr..
Byrnes-he win have to give thought
to great variety of other problems,
such as reciprocal trade. our rela-
tons with Argentina and important
administrative matters in the State
Department. Since it is likely that
he will have to spend much of his
time out of Washington at interna-
tional meetings, he will need
strong right arm working for him
as Acting Secretary. If Undersecre-
tary Acheson-who has rendered
distinguished service in that capac-
ity-resigns, as reported. an equally
experienced replacement will be
hard to find
Happily, however, General Mar
shall is exceptionally well equipped
to be Secretary of State. A soldier
statesman of the first rank, he
played a large role in the key Allied
military diplomatic conferences of
the war days. Here at home, by his
demeanor, his good judgment, his
forthrightness and his tact in deal
ing with Senate and House COM
mittees, he won the complete con-
fidence and respect Of Congress-
fact demonstrated by the Senate's
unanimous confirmation of his ap-
pointment.
Given enough time. moreover,
Secretary Marshall may be able to
effect the kind of overhauling that
the State Departments machinery
has sorely needed for many years.
At any rate, not the least of his
numerous gifts is his admins
trative "know-how"-h ability to
direct vast and complex operations
smoothly and efficiently by means
of staff planning, liaison arrange
ments and similar organizational
measures. Everything considered
as regards both maintaining our
bipartisan foreign policy and execut-
ing it cogently in behalf of good
peace-it is hard to think of an
American better suited to succeed
the distinguished Mr.. Byrnes.