davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-07-30

Grafton OF Labor Dorothy Thompson.
and other private bodies, and now
by an appeal to the Security Coun-
Gil from the American Legion.
What the American people want
can be summarized briefly. They
want peace without servility to ag-
gressors and security under collec-
lively created and enforceable law.
They do not believe today - as
many once did - that the U. N
charter, as presently constituted,
secures these things. There is a
rear guard who defended the U. N
as is-on the ground that any
thing is better than nothing" and
that ito question the present struc-
ture means dissolution"
Unfortunat ely, anything" Is
nothing" If that anything is made
ouate to its function. The late H. G.
wells commented in answer to the
argument that the League of Ma
tions was 'the beginning of some
thing: 1--WE never get an automo-
bile out Of the beginnings of per-
ambulator"
Reaction to DisilluSiOn.
Some people never were fooled by
the prospect Of peace-securing
agency without effective lawmaking,
judicial, or enforcement powers, but
with the veto. They saw that moth
ing in the charter would prevent
the resumption of the old game OF
power politics, armaments competi-
ton and eventually war. But since
the wish is father to the thought,
most people probably believed it
would work. Their number has
radically diminished.
One reaction to disillusionment is
new wave of isolationism which
will doubtless mount unless a real
effort is made toward U. N. reform.
Curiously enough, reform is being
opposed by the people who talk
loudest about international CO.
operation" but who are playing
into the hands Of those who have
given up effective cooperation as
hopeless.
Meanwhile, talk of war mounts
here and abroad-and one can dis
Evening star., 1947-07-30

and gets criticized.
All of the men I have mentioned
were or are big men.
I bow down to them, knowing
that when you become President of
the United States. you do not be-
come President by accident but by
inborn class and decency.
Yet, as q humble citizen, I don t
think that Mr.. Washington, Mr..
Lincoln, Mr.. johnson, Mr.. Hoover
Mr.. Roosevelt, or Mr.. Truman could
pack bag for a South American
trip. Under the rules of Pan Ameri-
can man is allowed SIS pounds, in
cluding the weight of the bag in
which he puts his clothes.
Can't Count Fig Leaf.
At this moment, I want to ask
Juan Trippe, the head of Pan
American; Eddie Rickenbacker
chief OF Eastern; Charlie Smith, and
all the others, why is 1t that you
have never made any distinction in
the weight of men? Men were
created before luggage.
Adam, to the best Of my knowl-
edge. weighed 1853, not counting the
fig leaf. But If Adam Travelled on
airplanes, he would have to pay
just as much as a 263-pound hard
ware salesman from Detroit. The
hardware salesman, weighing on
the hoof a hundred pounds more
than Adam, has the same baggage
allowance. Each must not go on
the plane with more than IS pounds
Evening star., 1947-07-30
Man to Man
Cohen Resignation Held Serious Loss
Both to Administration and Nation

possible legal skill and political acu-
men. Later, President Roosevelt
wanted to appoint Mr.. Cohen to
the United States Circuit Court OF
Appeals in Washington. He would
have made a distinguished judge,
being what the legal fraternity calls
a lawyers lawyer" with profound
understanding of the law and a
passion for Justice. But his prefer
ence was for more active post In
Government.
After his return from London,
where he had been sent to place
his special skills at the disposal of
Ambassador Winant, the President
made him counselor OF the State
Department. There could not have
been a better choice. When James
F. Byrnes was Secretary Of State
he made full use Of Mr.. Cohen's
abilities. I know personally Of the
high esteem and affection in which
Mr.. Byrnes held his counselor.
Felt He Didn't Belong"
1t Is unfortunate for the country
that Secretary Marshall did not
seem to- appreciate either the serv-
ices or the rare ability Of Mr.. Cohen.
The latter would be the first to
agree that the Secretary had a
right to have a man of his own
choosing in such an important place.
This is the reason that Mr.. Cohen
rendered his resignation when Gen.
Marshall was appointed to the
State Department. 1t Is for the
same reason that he resigned sec
ond time. Apparently he had come
to feel that he did not really "be-
long,"
The character of Mr.. Cohen is
such that he cannot work happily
in such circumstances. A JOB, how
ever eminent, has to be more than
merely a job to hold him. Loyal
and sincere as Mr.. Cohen is, he
cannot work in any association in
which he feels that he is not pulling
his weight. 1t is especially neces-
sary for him to have a feeling Of CO.
operation and mutual responsibility
with his chief. Although Secretary
Marshall took Mr.. Cohen to Mos
COW with him, he by-passed him,
and the same has been true since
their return from that fruitless mis-
sion. Apparently, Gen. Marshall
found 1t more congenial in Moscow
to work with another former gen.
eral.
It happens that Mr.. Cohen is as
sensitive as he is conscientious, so
that 1t Is easy to understand his un-
willingness to remain in a post after
he became convinced that another
could perhaps render better. or at
least more acceptable, service to his
chief. In any event. his resigna-
ton is one of the most serious losses
that the Government service has
sustained during the Truman ad-
ministration.
(Copyright, 1947)
Evening star., 1947-07-30
THE EVENING STAR Washington, D. c. Ali


Of baggage. I want to ask the air
lines of America If they carry
stomachs for free? Is there any
use in keeping yourself in shape
If you're going to travel by air?
I'm going to South America by
plane. but I have no more luggage
allowance than an elephant. Mr..
Trippe, what's the use of my taking
Turkish baths, going on the Harper's s
Bazaar diet. and generally starving
myself, if you're not going to take
into consideration a lean. 1.-the body? ?
I would like to say now that I think
the airlines Of the world are con-
tributing to overweight in men and
women, and must be held slightly
responsible for those who die Of
heart attacks brought on by too
much weight.
If my readers will now shut their
ears and hide their eyes, I would like
to make a personal note to Mr..
Trippe, President of Pan American.
You can't fuss at me, Juan; my
limit is SIS pounds. I'm going with
my wife. Knowing that you have
travelled with your wife, I know
that you will understand that my
little old suitcase has got II pounds
in 1t, and all the rest of the weight
belongs to those silly things that
women just must have when they
take a little trip.
I'm Not Lying.
can't take dinner clothes, but
she can. I have to wash out my
shorts at night, but she's got enough
undies to become a resident of
Peru. I'm not lying to you, but she
put fur jacket in and threw out q
bow tie of mine. 1t isn't the jacket
that she'd like to have. The best
could do for her was rabbit, and she
had my pocketbook set on marten
only hope that in Brazil, and in
the Argentine, and in Chile, and in
Ecuador, the head of the house is
not questioned as to how he looks,
and that the wife can represent
him. If this is not true, just hope
that the South American jails are
heated during what is now their
winter months, and I don't have to
spend days in my little old pair OF
sneakers, my little old T shirt, and
the other 4 ounces of luggage that
my wife allows me.
Note to husbands: Don't ever 20
to a new continent with your wife.
It isn't fair If the man arrives
slightly undressed. After all, bread
winners must hold up their heads in
pride.
| Distributed by McNaught Syndicate, Inc.)
Evening star., 1947-07-30

l
than any one in Washington
wanted to see, for long drawn
out struggle inevitably will provide
a major issue in world councils.
The Indonesians already have the
active support OF the Indian gov
ernment, which has expressed the
intention to carry the matter before
the United Nations and to deny the
Dutch certain facilities in support
Of the Indonesian Republicans.
Made-to- Order Issue.
The civil strife in the Neither
lands Indies Is made to order as an
issue on which the new Indian gov
ernment-which next month ac-
quires dominion status in prepara-
ton for a decision on complete in
dependence in 1948-can begin to
build its prestige as the spokesman
and defender of all the oriental peo-
Piles who are fighting to rid them
selves of foreign control. India, it
appears, though postponing the
United Nations appeal promised by
Pandit Nehru, intends to make her
self the spearhead of an attack or
the type Of colonialism from which
she herself Is now gaining her
freedom.
While India thus makes capital for
herself out Of the Indonesian con-
fict, Russia, too. is not missing q
| trick. and is active1y exhibiting the
matter in her press and radio, in
dicating clearly what side she will
take If the matter ever comes before
the U. N.
A single days broadcasting by the
Soviet radio provides these items OF
propaganda on the Indonesian
question, hand picked, Of course, and
distorted to suit Russian purposes:
On the Soviet home radio service
Evening star., 1947-07-30
On the Record
Legion's Criticism of L. n. Indicates
Trend of American Public Opinion

Germ an alarming tendency to be.
come reconciled to the Inevitable.
ity' of war, as though it were some.
thing outside the scope of human
intelligence and will.
The American Legion resolution
criticizes the existing U. NJ. struc.
ture and makes recommendation
that are not unique, which is ir
their favor, for it indicates that
many minds and groups which have
been studying the problem have
come to almost Identical conclu-
sions. These are that the Security
Council must be made more repre-
sentative and that, in the matter oi
acting to prevent aggression, the
veto power must be removed. It
follows that aggression and prepara-
ton for aggression must be clearly
defined.
Whereas an attack with weapons
Of violence by the government OF
one state upon the territory of an
other Is an accepted definition OF
aggression, preparation for aggres-
sion which is where war must be
stopped-can be controlled only If
there are limits or quotas set to all
armaments, and If weapons of mass
destruction are forbidden in U. N
law.
Preparation For Aggression.
Obviously, then, any move to arm
beyond certain quota or manu-
facture weapons which are outlawed
becomes preparation for aggression
against which judicial and puni-
tive action Is due, whether against
states as offenders or against the
responsible persons engaged in cir
cumventing the restrictions. But
punitive action cannot be taken un-
less there are international instru-
ments for such action which, at the
same time, provide checks and bal
ances against their abuse.
The argument raised against such
proposals Is that the Russians would
withdraw. I personally am not con-
vinced of this. 1t would be an un-
popular issue to withdraw on. But
if they did, there Is still nothing to
prevent nations willing to live under
law from proceeding to create laws,
standards, and enforcement agencies
for themselves. No state can rea-
sonably preclude others from moving
in directions they believe right and
necessary.
If the American Legion plan and
others are fallacious, their fallacies
should be exposed. 1t is no answer to
say that they infringe the sover-
eign power Of states" Sovereign
states possess-among other things
the sovereign right, by mutual
agreement, to limit their sover-
eighty. That Is done in every inter-
national treaty of any kind.
Eternal repetition Of slogans,
without substantiation Of reason
able argument, conveys nothing to
the intelligence except the suspi-
cion that even the phonograph
record is cracked.
(Released by the Bell Syndicate. Inc.)
Evening star., 1947-07-30
This Changing World
India Leaders Seek to Build Prestige
By Championing Indonesians' Cause

from Moscow, in Russian for the
Soviet Far East, dispatch from
Beirut. Lebanon, reporting that
public opinion in Lebanon and
Syria is highly indignant over the
military operations which Hollmd
is conducting against the Republic
of Indonesia."
Newspapers Quoted.
The dispatch quotes three news
papers. One cites the disparity In
population between the Neither
lands and Indonesia. pointing out
that 100000 Hollanders want
domination over a people which is
eight times larger numerically
The second speaks, in good Com
munist jargon Of the imperialism
Of Dutch aims, and calls on the
Syrian people to aid the Indonesians.
The third charges that the Dutch
government is violating the princi-
pals of international cooperation
which were proclaimed at the end of
World War II.
One looks in vain in this broad
cast for any reference-even the
slightest-to the merits Of either side
in the Indonesian case. It Is simply
a repetition of generalizations which
follow Soviet policy.
II the home service broadcast was
plain Communist propaganda, the
overseas broadcasts were character
lied by rank untruths.
Broadcast to japanese.
The Moscow radio, providing the
Soviet Far East service, broadcast in
Japanese to Japan the following
statement:
"A report from The Hague said
that Amsterdam on July 81 was
crowded with people who gathered
in the streets and other public places
to demand that the government
cease its military action against the
Indonesians.
I'm the Northern Netherlands, the
working people declared q general
strike and, as result, many fac
tories in Amsterdam had to cease
operations. This strike wss called In
protest against Dutch military action
in Indonesia."
The report, of course, was without
foundation. The Dutch have, as a
matter of fact, received the news
of their difficulties in Indonesia with
calm and quiet. and singular lack
of the manifestations which the
Russians so carefully report.
The above two examples of Soviet
propaganda on Indonesia occurred
in one days transmissions. Each day
the Russian broadcasts deal in some
way with the question.
Evening star., 1947-07-30

felt that, so long as there are men
in the armed services or with Wal
Street connections to draw upon
there is nothing to worry about.
But there is. One reason for con-
Germ is the very fact that there are
already too many brass hats and toe
many wall Streeters" in our sup.
posedly democratic civil Govern
ment. Of course, 1t was understand.
able why the highly trained and un'
usually competent Dean Achesor
could not continue indefinitely ir
the service of a niggardly Govern.
ment that would not pay him
tenth of what he could earn in his
profession. A family man, with old
age to look forward to, simply can.
not continue to work at salary
that will not support himself and
his family, let alone lay something
by for the future.
Called "Best Legal Brain"
But while this explains the resig-
nation of Mr.. Acheson, it does not
apply in the case of Mr.. Cohen. He
Is a bachelor with no dependents
and he is fortunately in the position
where he can live within his modest
income. Above all else. Mr.. Cohen
is patriotic citizen who would not
refuse to respond to a real call to
duty. believe that if the admins
tration had really wanted him to
continue, little persuasion would
have been required.
I am proud of the fact that I
brought Mr.. Cohen to washington.
He started Government service as as
sociate counsel of the Public Works
Administration of which I was the
head. That association was cher
ished by me as was our later one
when he was general counsel and I
was chairman of the National Power
Policy Committee. In both instances,
I found Mr.. Cohen invaluable as a
lawyer and helpful as an adviser.
An eminent Federal judge. who
knew intimately the outstanding
lawyers of his day, once told me,
Ben Cohen has the best legal brain
that I have ever come in contact
with"
President Roosevelt came to
know and appreciate Mr.. Cohen.
Together with another extremely
able and resourceful lawyer and
public servant, Thomas G. Corcoran,
he assisted in drafting the Security
Act of 1888; the Security and Ex-
change Act Of 1884; and the Public
Utility Holding Act Of 1885. These
laws were at the heart of the social
reforms Of the Roosevelt admins
tration. They called for the highest
Evening star., 1947-07-30
ADVERTISEMENT.
ADVERTISEMENT.
Some Don'ts
for PimpIes

Don't scratch-don't squeeze
pimples-you may infect your
self. Don't suffer from itching
of pimples, Eczema, angry red
blotches or other irritations,
when soothing Peterson's Oint-
ment offers you quick relief.
Makes the skin look better, feel
better, 35c all druggists. Money
back If one application does not
delight you. Peterson's Oint-
ment also soothes irritated, tired
or itchy feet and cracks between
toes.
Evening star., 1947-07-30

LII tllc GWO ycdl !
since the U. N
was formed, dis
ifIuSionment has
spread in all
b r a n C h es of
Am e RI can So
ciety. This has
been registered
by an outcrop-
ping Of congress
S | on a ! resolu-
tions calling for
U. N. reform, in
81 m l lar action
t a k e n by t h e
American Fed
Evening star., 1947-07-30

secretary Dean
Acheson, Is a Sc
rious loss to the
administra t | o n
and the country.
I suspect it is
one that could
have been pre-
vented If Secre-
tary Marshall or
President Tru-
man had been as
a.SS1duOuS ABOUT
retaining abl e
men as the lat
tel. so often pro-
fesses. Perhaps
Evening star., 1947-07-30

Andrew john
son carried on
after attempted
impeachment.
II e r b e r t
H o ov er W a s
booed by a base
ball crow d in
Philadelphia.
F r a n k ! | n
Roosevelt d / d
enough for this
country to get
Farley and Win.
chell in a fight.
Harry Truman
| does nice things
Evening star., 1947-07-30

Woc AAOPOA tA1do
the Netherlands
would be able to
reopen negoti-
ations with the
Republicans aft
er a few initial
successes.
The Du t C h
h We attained
their major OBJ
| jectives, but the
stubbornness OF
the Indonesian
re S 1 s t a n C e is
| drawing tn e m
| into a. more pro-
| loneed struggle
Evening star., 1947-07-30

Detroit actually
report that the
United Autorno-
bile Workers
Union (CIO)
has demanded
OF the Ford
Motor Car Co.
that unless 1t
gives up Its
rights under the
law and signs a
contract agree
ing not to exer-
else its rights,
there will be a
strike.
Evening star., 1947-07-30
Bv Constantine Brown

The Indonesian conflict is having
repercussions throughout the Orient,
creating some concern among Wash
ington official quarters. where it
Evening star., 1947-07-30
Evasion OF Labor Act
Penalty by Contract
Seen as Unlawful
Bv Dapid Laurence g

Can a union and an employer
really evade the so-called penalty
provisions of the Taft-Hartley law?
Press association dispatches from
Evening star., 1947-07-30
By Dorothy THOMPSON

The action taken recently by the
American Legion indicates the way
American public opinion is blowing,
with regard to the United Nations.
Evening star., 1947-07-30
Bv Harold L. Tckes

The resignation of Benjamin v
Cohen, counselor of the State De-
partment. following so closely SINH
lar action on the part of Under
Evening star., 1947-07-30
.McL.ennore-
Pocks Baggage
For Plune Trip
By Henry McLemor

George Washington was mar
enough to undergo Valley Forge
Abraham Lincoln lives in the
hearts of men despite assassina.
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1947-07-10
Teach Fire Safety

The Active Program developed at the
ton recommends that basic instruction
in fire safety be expanded and intensified
at all levels Of education and in all types
of schools-public, private and parochial
It is certainly true that we owe the
30,000000 young people now in school the
best possible instruction in the causes and
prevention Of fire. Both students and
teachers should participate in community
and home fire prevention activities IN
structiOn can be made dramatic and in
teresting. And, on the college level, fire
safety can be integrated with such courses
as chemistry and physics, where it will
be of definite disable value to the student
in his future life
Fire instruction in schools would pro-
duce a nation Of adults in whom safety
habits had become natural and mgralned.
Millions of people would automatically
do the proper thing-and take the simple
safeguards that would prevent the ma
iority of fires The fundamental attitudes
of all are established in the formative
years Most schools now devote consider
able time to such subjects as traffic safety.
Fire safety deserves equal attention.
This is a matter for state departments
of education and for the trustees Of pri-
vate schools instruction in fire preven-
ton would cost nothing, would fit per
fectly into school curricula, and would
save untold numbers of lives and gigantic
sums of money over the years.
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1947-07-10
Progress In Lee County

World War Two was civilizations
greatest demonstration of the value OF un-
ity and cooperation on the part of races
and nations working and fighting towards
the same objective.
On a smaller scale but with equal sig
nificance, unity and cooperation on the
part of people in community and county
are essential to progress. In North Caro-
lima there exists today large number OF
more or less twin communities which tor
one reason or another separated years ago
and have operated jealousy Of each other
since that time.
Whether we like it or not this is an age
of bigness and of consolidation. Some
twin communities appreciate this fact and
are ION the move" by consolidating their
resources and efforts and thus reducing
their local governmental costs.
Such significant development took
place July in Lee county, right in the geo
graphical heart of North Carolina, when
Sanford and JOnesborO merged to become
little city of 10000 people, By consolidating
all of the government functions and
through the resulting development OF
better spirit of friendliness and cooper
alton, the citizens Of these two fine towns
will save themselves money, will ENJOY
more and better public services and will
90 forward to greater heights Of achieve
ment.
We heartily congratulate these towns
on this progressive move and urge other
twin communities to give consideration to
taking a similar step.
In observance of this milestone OF pro-
gress in Lee county, The Sanford Herald,
one of the states best senli-Weekly news
papers. issued an excellent 66-page edition,
publicizing the merger of Sanford and
JonesborO.
1t was a splendid edition in every re-
sepct and aptly focused attention to the
future, as well as recounted the glorles
of the past Of each community.
To Mr.. W. E. Horner, editor and pub
Usher and to every member Of The Herald
staff, this newspaper extends congratula-
tons on a job well done.
The Skyland post. [volume] (West Jefferson, N.C.) 193?-1988, 1947-07-10
Independent Retailers

What chance has the independent re-
his own? That old question was recently
given a modern answer by Wade G. Nc
Cargo, who described himself as a small
retailer from Richmond Virginia, in
speech at the annual meeting Of the Cham
Der of Commerce of the United States.
"After the first World War;" he said,
"the prophets of doom told us we were
going to be put out of business by the
chains and big stores. Throughout the
years, this prophesy has been repeated.
don't believe it. know l am going to have
to work harder in the months and years
to come, but l repeat, the small retailer
has very definite place in our American
economy and will remain and prosper if
he is willing to work hard enough and is
flexible in his thinking, willing to adopt
the new methods as they prove themselves
to be worthwhile, and carry on a real mo-
dern business. Many retailers blame the
chains for failure when the fault rests at
their own doorstep, their unWillingness to
meet changing times and conditions"
Independent merchants do the majority
of the retail business of this country-and
the proportion of business done by indie
pendents and the chains has tended to hold
remarkably constant. This simply means
that the independents, most of whom have
relatively small stores, give their Gus
tonoorc tho kind Of cerUico that kepDS them
coming back. Far from dying in the face
Of chain store competition, they have met
it, and advanced. There is a place in this
country for every kind and size of bus
iness-and the progressive small retailer
has an assured and profitable position.