davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1947-03-07

! One elementary teacher stated thai
her school system had long ago given
tenure to its teachers by a board rule
which states that in cases of dismissal
teachers shall be given the cause OF
causes in writing and hearing. The
rule has worked well. Other speakers
stressed the need for tenure to give
the profession status and the individ-
ual security. The proponents of SB
"a were fair and merely asked for
decent human treatment for teachers.
They did not in any way indicate a
desire to take over the boards prerog-
atives.
Moss Bill Not Extreme
In supporting Harlow's motion, An
derson of Pondera stated that the bill
was not extreme, that it provided two
things to protect teachers Cd giving
the cause for dismissal in writing and
CD a hearing if the teacher desired.
Jarussi of Carbon in supporting the
Harlow motion said, Teachers are
not secondary to good educational
program. They are primary"
The question of sustaining Harlow's
motion was put to a standing vote
and lost 1884. 1t was notable that
the chief support for the tenure bill
came from the liberal block. An
observer from Butte is still wondering
Why Dwyer from Silver Bow failed to
stay with the rest of his delegation
md support the motion
Many who listened to the floor de-
'ate are still amazed at Krieg's gilt !
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1947-03-07
Will He Do 1t?

The bill has passed the senate. The
bill has passed the house. The only
thing that can prevent its becoming
law is a veto by Governor Ford.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-16
Senator Taft and the Closed Shop

Senator Taft's conversation with Harry
Lundeberg, president of the AFL Sailors
Union of the Pacific, needs fuller explana-
tion.. Mr.. Lundeberg went away from the
interview in optimistic mood. He repre-
sented Senator Taft as being amenable to
some relaxation in the Taft-Hartley law
(which could come only through amend
ment), on outlawing the closed shop. He
got the impression that Senator Tafts
Interpretation of the law, in its effect on
hiring halls, was liberal Interpretation"
and the hiring halls might still be pos
sible under the law.
Now such an impression may be alto
gether possible, although Senator Taft's
version of the interview and what he
said have not been made known. What
makes it curious is the statement which
Senator Taft made to the Senate last April
%, when he was explaining the labor bill,
section by section. For in that speech the
Senator singled out the hiring halls as an
example of the evils, as he saw them, of the
closed shop. Here is what he said then:
I'm the first place, Mr.. President, the
bill does abolish the closed shop. Perhaps
that is best exemplifed by the so-called
hiring halls on the West Coast, where
shipowners cannot employ any one unless
the union sends him to them. That has
produced situation, certainly on the ships
going to Alaska, as the testimony before
our committe showed clearly, where there
is no discipline. A man may be discharged
one day and hired the next day, either for
the same ship or for another ship. Such
an arrangement gives the union tremen-
dous power over the employees further
more, it abolishes free labor market. A
man cannot get job where he wants to
get 1t. He has to 60 to the union first;
and if the union says he cannot get in,
then he Is out Of that particular labor
field. Under such circumstances, there Is
no freedom of exchange in the labor mar
ket, but all labor opportunities are
frozen"
Now If that is what Senator Taft told
the Senate last April, what could he have
told Mr.. Lundeberg last week that sent
him away smiling and brought on the
Senator's head deluge of telephone
messages and kilograms asking him to
stand firm on the closed shop?
Perhaps the Senator will make the point
clear. All the correspondents travelling
with the Senator are commenting on his
readiness to face all issues put up to him,
answering questions with a candor, to
quote The Stars Mr. Lincoln, that sends
cold shivers down the backs of advisers"
Some candid statement on the Lundeberg
interview will be helpful
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-16
The Constellation

Launched one hundred and fifty years
ago. the frigate Constellation is the oldest
ship in the United States Navy. She was
the first of q series of six fighting vessels
to be produced after the organization of
the Federal Union. The Constitution,
saved by the poet, Oliver Wendell Holmes,
with the enthusiastic help of the school
children of the Nation in 1880, is sister
craft. Both relics of the early days Of
American naval history currently are tied
up in Boston. Admiral Raymond A.
spruance, president of the War College at
Newport, says OF the senior boat: while
she may continue to float for long time,
a complete rebuilding will be necessary to
restore her to proper and safe condition"
The Navy, it seems. has no funds avail
able for the work required. Action by
Congress therefore is indicated. Certainly,
the Constellation long since earned the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-16

If you please. The captain is getting very hard
on us here of late, otherwise 7 would not
take you in. Oh, don't shoot again, that first
bullet caught me in the shoulder, please let
me call my wife and say good-by to my chill
dren before you IRE again"
Another approach that I think is right nice
would be to give each policeman sweetmeats,
butter, eggs and T-bone steak and such-like
delicacies to present to the felon. When .
criminal is caught leaving two or three victims
lying on the sidewalk, let the policeman Jump
hurriedly from the scout car with basket on
his arm. smiling amiably, Of course and offer
the offenders fruits worthy Of his profession.
If = gentleman is caught running away from
= jewelry store with two or three watches and
II or II diamond rings, treat him with courtesy,
give him one Of the watches If he will submit
to arrest When raiding some Of our disorderly
houses, the officers might take with them some
of the newer perfumes, such scents rs Follow
Me" and Heaven Sent" The occupants would
surely 20 along peacefully with such induce
ments.
What is getting into these policemen, anyhow
The public wants its life money. homes, stores
and morals protected With courtesy.
IRENE A. LEWIS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-16
LoyuI Workers Need Not Worry

The attitude Of the American Federation
of Government Employees (AFL) toward
the Governments loyalty program for
Federal employees is In refreshing contrast
to that of the leftist United Public Work
ers of America (CIO). The AFGE stand
on the loyalty order is summarized by its
president, James 3. Burns. thus: Loyalty
is the responsibility of every citizen In the
United States. Any program dedicated to
eradicate disloyalty should receive the full
cooperation of every employe of the Gov
eminent No one should fear such pro-
gram unless he Is AFFILIATED to and in
sympathy with an organization which re-
fleets very clearly the insidious, treacher-
Gus and deceitful propaganda of foreign
power pledged to SOW disunity in our midst,
thereby attempting to undermine the
Government"
The UPWA, on the other hand, is hewing
TO Its usual line-a line paralleling closely
that of the Communist Party on many
things, including loyalty investigations.
The extreme nature Of the UPWA may be
cleaned from the charge last week by
Daniel H. Schwartz of the union that the
loyalty order "is the greatest threat to
constitutional government that the people
of this country have faced since the Alien
and sedition Act Of 1893" That would be
quite q threat, If 1t were true.
But, as Chairman Lawrence v. Meloy of
the Civil Service Commissions Loyalty
Board points out in reply to the UPWA
oficial, there simply is no basis whatever
for the "witch-hunt" charges made by
Mr.. Schwartz and his colleagues. On the
contrary, the Government is proceeding
cautiously and with the greatest regard
for the constitutional rights of It's en-
ployes. And there is absolutely nothing in
the program as SO far announced that
need worry any Government employe
whose loyalty Is beyond question. There
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-16

right to existence. Her story briefly Is
this: Her keel was laid In the sterrett
yard on Harris Creek in Baltimore in 1874.
David Stodder was her constructor, pro-
ceeding under the watchful eyes of Com
modore Thomas Truxton, her commander
designate Every inch of live oak, cedar
and pine that went into her was examined
by her master personally before it was
accepted. In every other respect, also, she
was meant to be as perfect as human skill
and care could make her. An immense
concourse' attended when she was put in
the water, September 7, 1897.
In February 1899, the Constellation
proved her worth in a fight with the
French war vessel LInsurgente, which
Truxton captured and sent home in charge
of John Rodgers and David Porter-the
first victory achieved by the newly estab-
lished Navy of the United States. During
the next year the same commodore took
her to triumph again in a sharp battle
with the French Vengeance, but lost his
prize when his mainmast, shot through,
fell overheard. Repaired in Jamaica, the
frigate next saw service in the contest with
the Barbary pirates. She was blockaded
at Norfolk through most of the War of
1912. Then from 1919 until 1914 she was
with squadrons in the Pacific. the Med
iterranean and elsewhere. Called from
retirement in 1855. she hunted slavers.
Admiral David Farragut had her at New
Orleans in 1854. Subsequently she was
practice ship at Annapolis and receiv-
ing ship at Newport. When the projected
Naval Museum on the Potomac is ready
she should come to Washington. Mean
while, she ought to be renovated as much
as Is necessary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-16
No Moose Is Good News

On recent visit to Newport, Speaker Joe
Martin-one of the Bay States most dis
tinguished sons-was reminded by Governor
Pastore Of Rhode Island that Massachu-
sets has yet to repeal a law decreeing that
any Rhode Islander daring to cross its
borders Shall Immediately be subject to
hanging"
A stickler for such things must at once
observe that it has been long, long time
now since any resident of Providence or
its environs has been gibbeted in accord
with this stern ordinance, which was
passed in the days of Roger Williams. Yet
1t Is well known that Rhode Islanders visit
the Bay State in droves-openly, without
any hesitation, as If there were no DEATH
penalty prohibition against them.
The hard-and-fast believer in a law
abiding and w-upholding society cannot
be blamed If he deplores this laxity and
insists that Massachusetts, either enact a
repeater or get back to hanging Rhode
Islanders; otherwise, If 1t continues to do
neither, it will be winking at what is still
technically crime and in that manner
1t will be hurting the cause of law enforce
ment In general, thus helping to undermine
the foundations of our social order. Yet
there is another way of looking at the
matter. BY letting things 60 on as they
are, will not the two States be wholesomely
demonstrating to all mankind, in everyday
action, how ancient enemies can surmount
the bitterness of the past and carry on
nonlethal intercourse with each other? If
Little Rhody and the Bay State can do
this, is it not possible that others will learn
from them to do the same thing, too?
Perhaps the good example of New Eng
1anderS will not improve the world at large,
but at least it suggests that maybe in a
century or so countries currently at each
others Threats will be as Rhode Island and
Massachusetts, are now-that u.s. as the
lamb and the lion lying down together.
Anyhow, sunny thought of this sort can
DO no harm in these snarling times.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-16
Tracing Construction Costs

TO the EDITOR Of The Star:
Recent discussions by the building trade, by
labor unions and others, Of the present high
cost of home building have left one important
point untouched, rs far as anything have
read Is concerned.
The omission occurs in discussions Of what
part of such costs are labor costs and what
part are costs Of materials. Whether the
on-site costs are IS per cent labor and 65 per
cent materials or As per cent labor and IS per
cent materials is not q very important issue
to the person who wants to buy or build 4
home Far more fundamental Is the realiza-
ton that a very large part Of the total cost
of the house, including materials. is labor cost.
Not all of it, Of course, for profits enter into
the mining, numbering, manufacturing and
transportation process which supply the de-
Of the house.
If we had authoritative studies Of present
costs and profits in various phases Of the
building and materials industries and the re-
suits were puhlicized, the would-bs home
builder would at least know whom he should
cuss out for the high costs and where the
pressure Of public opinion could best be brought
to bear to correct conditions. Name calling
and finger pointing ut some one else in the
circle by home buyers, labor, management or
government will solve nothing. Authoritative
facts may lead to some solution.
A solution win result, however, only II labor
is willing to do = full days work for u full
avs wages, and If builders and manufacturers
ale satisfied with reasonable profits per unit
and depend on volume Of business to give
them the profits they expect Tor their enter
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-16
Our Peucetime Air Policy

Vice Admiral Lands suggestion to the
Presidents Air Policy Commission that the
Government maintain reserve of five
thousand transport planes as a national
security measure is drastic If viewed in the
light of pre-World War II standards of
air power IT is not so drastic, however
when considered in relation to the recent
recommendations of the Presidents Air
Co-ordinating Committee, composed of
Federal aviation authorities.
The Air Co-ordinating Committee, in a
report submitted to the Air Policy Com
mission, stressed the Importance of build
ing up in peacetime an air transportation
system-military as well as commercial
that will be ready for instant transporta-
ton of troops and material in sudden
emergency. ut is imperative" the COM
mittee declared, that the United States
maintain in peacetime military air
strength adequate to prevent or repel any
attack on this country, its possessions and
outlying bases and to carry out promptly
a retaliatory offensive against any aggres-
sion, wherever it may occur" The COM
mittee held that the availability of
strong commercial air transport system
must be regarded as an invaluable military
asset
The next war undoubtedly will involve
the immediate transportation by air of
large numbers of ground troops and
vast quantities of equipment. These rapid
movements of men and materiel will be
required to reinforce our bases under
attack or threatened with attack and to
hold enemy territory which our counter
attacking forces have selected as target
1t is against this picture of our defense
needs in some future aerial war that
Admiral Lands advice should be evaluated.
:. 1t would cost great deal of money to
maintain a aforementioned pool of
five thousand transport planes, of course
Congress already has indicated a reluc-
lance to appropriate as much as our avia-
ton experts assert Is necessary for the
minimum security needs of the Nation
But one of the reasons for this congress
sional reluctance has been the failure of
the administrative agencies to present an
overall aviation program, keyed to the
requirements of the times. The Air Policy
Commission thus Is presented with an all
important responsibility in the field of
defense planning. On it's findings and
recommendations may depend the whole
future of American air power in the
atomic age.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-16
On What to Tax
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor OF The Star:
Referring to your editorial on September .,
Rising Taxes vs.. Fixed Rents" 1t seems TO me
the whole situation would be improved by re-
moving all taxes on houses putting . tax Of
say five per cent on the value Of the land and
billing this to the tenant. Houses would rent
at their proper rental value and rent would
not be affected by taxes. The Landlord would
be better OF and 10 would the tenant.
There is no good reason to hide taxes in
rent collection.
Houses deteriorate in value as time goes on.
but land does not, unless the tenants are I'M
desirable or too many people move away.
Did you mutter single tax?'
II you remove all other taxes 1t would be
single tax; but do you want to? Who does?
Do you want all taxes removed except the,
say, inheritance tax? That would be single
tax. A. I. SIDDALL.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-16
Location of Blaine House

TO the Editor Of The Star:
George Kennedy's excellent article on the
Letter House, published in recent issue OF
The Star, contains an error.
lie places the house built about 1880 by
James q. Blaine where Riggs Bank Branch
now stands on Dupont Circle" That was the
site OF Stewart Castle" built by Senator
Stewart Of Nevada in the 1905, and destroyed
by fire long ago. Mr.. Blaines dienified house,
brick and sandstone, with porte-cochere. still
stands on the southwest corner Of Massa-
ehusetts avenue and Twentieth street.
ALICE ELY COLI.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-16
Nv THE HAsKIN SERVICE.


Q. What is the origin Of the leek a. tn
national emblem Of Wales?-T. H. q.
A. Although the explanation Is more or less
speculatiye. it Is said to date from the time
when the Britons, being at war with the saxons'
we're directed by Sir David to wear leeks from
q nearby field In their hats to distinguish tnem
from the enemy. The Welsh In honor OF this
wear leeks in their hats on st. Davids Day.
G. How long do the flags last that are flown
on Mount Suribachi on Two Jima?-A. M. NJ
A, The regulation cloth flag flown on Mount
Suribachi lasted only ten days because OF the
high winds. Recently sheet metal Tag with
enameled stars and stripes has replaced the
cloth flag.
@. What code names were used for the vari-
Gus invasion plans In World War u?-H. w. p.
A. The Allied invasion Of North Africa was
referred to as Operation Torch; that OF Italy
IS Avalanche; that Of Normandy NJ over
lord" that of Japan as Olympic
@, What causes so much difference in the
length of twilight in different localities?-
r. H. g.
A. Twilight ends when the sun is 10 degrees
below the horizon. In low ATTITUDES, because
of the uuickness with which the sun traverses
the IS degrees below the horizon, and because
OF the transparency Of the atmosphere, there
IL little twilight However the higher the latl-
tlde and the smaller the angle ut which the
suns path meets the horizon and hence the
longer 1t takes the sun to sink to the required
distance.
@ How MANY stadiums In the United States
have a seating capacity Of 100000 or more'-
A. There are four such stadiunas In the
United States Soldier Field in Chicago wlth
4 seating capacity Of 100000: PnnadeipnA
Municipal Stadium, with seating capacity OF
1ao nnn: los Angeles Memorial Stadium, with
= seating capacity Of 10000; Cleveland Mu.
nic,nal stadium, with . seating capacity OF
100
@. Do planets shine by reflected ssnt'-
A The stars are hot and shine thsnnseives.
The nlanets have cooled to . great extent, ana
while q few may be hot enough TO glow dimly'
the light of the planets Is reflected sunlight
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-16
Suvuges

Some years ago the city took
This country hill and country brook
And laced them tight NTH street ana renee
OF smart suburban residence.
But children's footsteps still con trace
The savage paths Which ,oalls erase
Across the fence, across the street
With instinct OF a boys bare feet
To pebbled pools, or Dtolet bed,
Or haunt of Indian arrotohsad.
GEORGE GREENWAY.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-16
Other Causes of HiSh Prices


TO the Editor Of The star:
Please permit me to take issue with you on
your recent editorial, THE Food Price Villains"
You state that the real villains" causing
zooming meat, egg and butter prices are the
well-known law Of supply and demand and
the iron within Of Mother Nature.
The criminal and wanton destruction of large
quantities Of potatoes only . short time ago
was declared by officials Of the Department Of
Agriculture Is . policy to stabilize prices
Wherein does Mother Nature or the law Of
supply and demand enter the picture?
Many hrmq deliberately destroy food or per-
NIT it to SPOIL rather than sell at reduced prices
and are permitted, under our laws, to make de-
auctions from their income tax returns for the
losses. You and I pay for this practice, not
Mother Nature.
Our cold-storage warehouses are full, as never
before, OF foods which are being held for an
advancing market. The profteers are speculat-
ing; they are rubbing their hands and betting
their prices viii 60 up much higher, and they
will, If all Of us adopt attitude Of laisse1-
faire.
The policy Of the officials Of our great grain
markets in permitting sales Of grain on ex-
tremely low margin Is criminal In that the
practice encourages artificial buying, causes
fictitious prices and dishonest demand. It
causes . technical shortage Of grain when the
elevators are full.
Unconscionable profits are being made by
some food dealers, which cannot be done with
out some form Of monopoly.
. Foodstu1 is much cheaper in Canada than
here. What natural law prevents US from i'm
porting more food from Canada?
disagree with your statement that the con-
venient whippins-boy explanations OF high
prices grossly oversimprfy the situation. 1t is
much simpler to blame Mother Nature and the
law Of supply and demand and nonchalantly
let 1t 20 at that; nothing We can do about 1t.
c. L. DICKSON.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-16
G. o. P. Claims Him as Its Own

G. o. P. Claims Him as Its Own
To the Editor Of The Star:
1t Il interesting to learn from q Democrat
Miss Doris Fleeson. your apparently unbiased
columnist who worked in the Democratic Ma
tional Committee in 1914, that the Democrats
are worried about when Gen. Douglas Mac
Arthur will return home.
As Republican, let me assure Miss Fleeson
that millions OF Americans, regardless of for
NAL political Affiliations, are content to let
Gen. Macarthur decide when he shall return
home. 1t Is likely that his welcome at that
time. whenever it is, will be a. triumphant and
as Noteworthy as the homecomings of Gen.
Eisenhower and all the others, and, Just as de-
served, perhaps even more So
Like Gen. Eisenhower, Gen. Macarthur DOS
sibly has not made up his mind as to whether
he would run for President If nominated by
the Republicans. But, unlike Gen. Eisenhower,
whom Miss Fleeson occasionally admires In
print, there will be and has been no doubt
about whether or not Gen. Macarthur il q
Republican. He is, has been, and, unless he
changes his mind quickly, always will be q
Republican. That gives him q much better
chance Of winning q Republican nomination
than Eisenhower ever will have, despite the
blessings Of few Republicans in Kansas who
have endorsed the chief Of stan because Of
local pride. Never forget that the rank and
file OF the Republicans remained loyal to their
party through long, lean years They are now
going to nominate q Republican. If Gen.
Eisenhower lets it be known unequivocally that
he is Republican, he might have q chance
but as matters stand today. the rank and 11le
of the Republican Party do not even discuss
him seriously, regardless of what the non
partisan" New Dealers who now want to hang
on to the coat-tails Of New Deal Republican
write. RANK AND FILE REPUBLICAN.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-16

not spoil our
friendship. You
need m o n e y
just As 1 do, I
know, but that
safe which you
have Just
dragged from,
that store may
not have mon
ey in 1t, 80