davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1947-04-25
LvS Skyriu veikIa
Koncertas Letuvos Artistems - LVS Metinis Seimas
Pavasarinai Svaziavimai - Rengimass Seimui

Smagu pazymeti apie gyvu-
ma LVS skyriuose, nors po zie-
mos paprastai veikimas aplete-
ia. Apie savo pavasarini vel
kima pranesa Sic skyriai:
1-mas skyrius, Cleveland, O.,
rengia koncerta naujausia is
Europos atvykusiai Lietuvos
. .Operos artistei Sofijai Adomai.
tienei ir karo pradzioje atvy-
kusiai pianistei Birutei Smeto-
nienei. Tas rengiama sekna-
dieni, Birzelio 8. sioje progra-
mole dalyvaus vietine pianis-
te, buvusio LVS pirmininko
DR.. S. T. Tamosaicio dukte,
Aldona Tamosaityte.
Ponios S. Adomaitiene ir B.
Smetoniene dalyvaus Tvs sci
mineje programme Waterbury
Conn, Birzelio 1929 d.
Waterbury, Conn, 9-tas sky,
rius smarkiai darbuojasi LVS
seimo rengine.
LVS 6-tas skyrius Detroit
Mich, sia ziema turejo kelis
parengimus, ir dabar dar rem.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1947-04-25
Jungo Nevilks!

gia savo geguzine Geguzes 80,
taipgi rengiasi j LVS selma.
Baltimore, Nd, 4-tas sky,
rius turejo savo vakareli, ir
toliau planuoja kitus veikimus.
symet Baltimorieciai dalyvaus
LVS seine gausiau.
Newark, N. j., 3-cias skyrius
pradejo nariu vajQ, ir rengia-
81 pasiusti j LVS selma grazia
delegacija.
Los Angeles, Calf, 11-tas
skyrius turf savo pavasarini
isvaziavima 81 sekmadieni. Ba-
landzio 27. Tas skyrius gau-
ma nauju veikeju ir auga ma,
riais.
Rupinasi veikimu ir kit T..
V. S. skyriai, tik jiems neku-
riems sunkesnes vietines saly-
Cos.
Nekurie skyriai rengs kon-
certus PIP. S. Adomaitienei ir
B. Smetonienei. Jau eina pa
sitarimai SUI centro valdyba tue
reikalu.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1947-04-25
TIKI REIKS SU RU-
SAIS KARIAUTI

Kapt. Eddie Rickenbacker,
abieju pasauliniu karu atsizy-
mejes lakunas, sake, jeigu di-
dejantis Rusu vadovaujamas
komunizmas ir bolseviku aki-
plesiskumas nebus sulaikytas,
pasauliui prisieis isivelti j tre-
cia visuotina kara.
Rickenbacker sake, "Ameri-
ka turi gembleriuoti imantis
sulaikyti Rusu ideologija. Pa
skolos Graikijai ir Turkijai uz-
kirtimui ten kelio komunizmui
gall sukelti pasyves ar kruvi-
mas revoliucijas. Rusijos EMO
mes verziasi isversti savo val
dzios gelezine uzdanga patyri-
mui kas dedasi pasaulyje".
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1947-04-25
TREMTINIU IsLEIsTos KNYGOS

Paduodami sarasai kokie zy-
mus Lietuviu veikejai buvo
kaip ikaitai ar uz pogrindine
veikla submit ir isvezti j kon-
centracijos stovyklas. Matonle
kick Lietuyiu visai nekaltai zu-
vo uz tai kad norejo savo tevu
zemei laisves.
IS tos knygeles matome ma
ciQ uzmacias, klastas ir apgau-
les, c is kitos puses matome
kad Lietuviai remesi Sukiu "Ir
mazos tautos nori gyventi lai-
sveje ir nepriklausomybeje."
Tas leidinys yra vertingas
dviem atvejais: parodo Lietu-
viu tautos laisves troskima, ir
irodo kad Lietuviai niekad ne
buvo naciu bendrininkai. bet
visomis savo isgalemis kovojo
neatsizvelgdami nei nuosto-
lius nei prieso dydi. Jie tt
kejo demokratiju laimejimu ir
kovojo uz ne tik savo tautos
laisve bet ir uz demokratines
pasaulines idejas.
Visa tai matome perskaite
ia .knygele.
(Amerikoje tu knygeliu pir-
xii nera.)
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1947-04-25
Tegul meile Lietuvos
Dega musq sirdyse -
Raportas is WashmgtOnO
Lietuvai Vaduoti Sajungos ir American Friends
OF Lithuania Pirmininko zygis Washingtona
Bal 14-l7, reikale DIP isileicimo u S. A.

eta isvados kad bus geriausia
remtis diskusijomis ir itikinti
Revercombe kad jo argumen-
tai yra klaidingi, ir irodyti ko-
del DIP turetu butt ileisti
USA.
Pc to 'buvo iteikti memoran-
dumai daugeliui kongresmanu,
senatoriu, valdzios pareigung,
) Foreign Relations Committee
! ir KIT.
Buvo prieita prie uzdaro, ne.
vieSo posedzio tame kla1sime.
Subcommittee on immigration,
kur dalyvavo visa ellie atstovu
is kitu organizaciju, visam po-
sedziui vadovavo Sen. Rever-
combe. Ten daug kalbejo Car
negie Foundation atstovas, is
destydamas reikalinguma ISL
leisti 100000 DIP, ir taipgi nu-
sviete koks likimas ju laukia
jei mes ju neisileisim, ir kaip
visa tai paveiktu visa pasau-
Ii prizes Amerika ir jos parei-
skimus del demokratiniu prin-
cipu.
Po sio kalbejo Citizens Com
mittee on Displaced Persons
atstovas ir kiti zymus asme-
nys. Galu gale sekretorius All
rens pakviete name kalbeti.
Kadangi cia buvo uzdaras ir
artimas pasikalbejimas, as pa
klausiau Sen. Revercombe ar
jis yra uz ar prizes Bill 2910,
ir jei prizes tai kokios to prize
zastys ir sumetimai?
] tai senatorius atsake Sc
kanciai: (1) Amerikoje jau ir
dabar yra virs vieno milijono
bedarbiu. Pirm negu mes ISL
leisime zmones is kitu krastu
mes turime susitvarkyti Nsavo
zmoniu bedarbe. (2) Ameri-
kos veteranai gryze is karo,
neturi kur gyventi, truksta pa
statu. butu. Isileidimas dides-
Mo skaiGiaus pabegeliu butu
dar didesnis gyvenamu patal-
pu klausimas. (3) Lai kitos
salys, kurios yra daug arciau
prize pabegeliu ir Zinc ju pade-
tt, priima juos ir ten juos glo-
boja. (4) Pas mus yra ir taip
perdaug visokiu darbininku,
bet truksta ukininku, kuriQ
tam tikra skaiciu, DO kruops-
taus perrinkimo, butu galima
isileisti. (5) Pas mus ir taip
yra perdidelis pervirsis ateiviu,
kuriuos labai pamazu asimi-
liuojame. (6) Toks ivaziuojan-
ciu skaicius kair 100000, virs
dabar ileidziamu 100000 per
metus, tikrai Amerikoje sukur-
tu socialiniq ir ekonominiu sun
kumu. (8) Pagal paskutinius
davinius pereita meta ivazia-
vo apie $4,000 ir to turetu pa
kakti.
Gale savo kalbos jis pridejo
kad' jei cia butu klausimas tik
Pabaltieciu tai jis nesipriesin-
tu, mes jis juos pazystas ir ger
bias. Bet kadangi cia ineina
ir kiti elemental jis nemato
galimybiu juos isskirstyti.
Pabaigus Senatorial Rever-
combe, Committee sekretorius
Arrens dave man kelis klausi-
mus, butent: ~ Ar Pabaltie-
ciai yra vienos rusies zmones.
I 81 klausima buvo nuosekliai
paaiskinta kad Lietuviai ir
Latviai mazdaug turf ta pacia
kline, bet Estai yra visiskai
skirtingo kilimo.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1947-04-25
L AISVA A LIETUVA -'s"''" s:. s:., ,.n-
(2) Ar Lietuviai yra Slavai :

| I tai buvo isaiskinta Lietu-
viz kline ir ju atsiradimas prie
Pabaltijos, kaip pirmuju gy-
ventoju. Parodytas skirtumas
tarp Lietuviu, Slavu ir Teuto-
nu. Isaiskinta Lietuviu kalbos
senumas ir artimumas sanskri-
to kalbai, bel TRIUMPH Lietuvos
istorijas bruozai.
| Paklausus Senatoriu Rever-
combe ar butu galima pagrin-
de atsakyti j jo visus argu-
mentus, jis mielu noru sutiko.
Buvo atsakyta j .jo uzmeti-
mus iseiles: Cd Amerikoje yra
ne l milijonas bet du milijo-
mai bedarbiu, ir tie bedarbiai
susideda daugiausia is tokiu
zmoniu kurie vazineje is vie
no miesto j kita, ir kurie eina
nuo vieno darbo prie kito, ir
statistika parodo kad Ameri-
koje buvo visada maZiausia du
/ milijonai bedarbiu, ne del to
kad nera darbu, bet kad neno-
ri dirbti. Sulaikyti del to is
vietintu zmoniu ivaziavima, ku-
rie yra. nuskriausti karo ivy
kiu, ir tam panaudoti argu-
menta kad yra bedarbiu, nera
jokio pagrindo.
(2) Pareiskimas kad Ameri-
kos veteranai neturi kur gy-
venti, ir kad pabegeliu atva-
ziavimas apsunkintu dar ir ta
padeti, nera pakankamas argu-
mentas pabegelius neisileisti.
Del butu stokos yra kalti kai
kurie musu pareigunai del sa-
vo padarytu klaidu if neapsi-
ziurejimu. Pabegeliu ileidimas
ia spraga kaip tik galetu uz-
kisti, mes tie zmones yra visi
darbininkai, daugelis supranta
statybos darbus, ir tokiu budu
jle pagyvintu visa, statyba ir
greitu laiku atsirastu pakanka-
mai butu visiems.
(3) Pareiskimas kad kitos
artimesnes salys turetu paimti
pabegelius, nera teisingas. Pa
eyzdziui, jei Amerika butu ka-
70 nualinta ir sugriauta, ir kas
nors Europoje pasakytu kad
Amerikos yra pareiga priimti
kaimynines Meksikos gyvento-
JUS, kurie .taip pat yra baisiai
nualinti, ka mes tai atsaky-
tune? Ogi tai 'kad Europa,
kuri yra nenualinta, galinti pa
deti daug geriau negu mes,
nors mes ir arti esame. Tokia
padetis yra ir Europoje. il yra
visiskai nualinta. ir neturi nei
galimybiu nei istekliu patti ap-
sirupinti Nuns dabar sakyti
Europai kad il priziuretu ir ap-
rupintu PD, yra, mano many
mu, savo rusies nesusipratimas
ir nesiskaitymas su sio laiko
padetimi.
IS kitos puses, mes daug pri-
sidejome savo zygiais kaip Te-
herane, Jaltoje ir kitur, patai-
kavimais sovietams prie suku-
rimo DIP problemos. Ir mes
moraliai turime jausti atsako-
mybe del tu zmoniu likimo.
Pirmiausia, musu Atlantic
Carterio pareiskimai, po to Ke-
turiu Laisviu principals mus
ipareigoja DIP atzvilgiu, an
ira, netiesioginis musu prisi-
dejimas prie ju krastu paver-
gimo ir nereagavimas ta ag-
resija .taipgi uzdeda NUNS mo-
raline atsakomybe. Galu ga
lie pats zmogisgumas to reika-
lauja.
(Pabaiga kitame num.)
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1947-04-25

ITALIJOJE suveztu grudu
ir konservuoto pieno karo nu-
kentejusios Sales selpimui pc
UNRRA globa, $500 tonu gru-
du ir $4,000 dezuciu pieno SUI
gedo ir genda dar daugiau del
UNRRA virsininku betvarkes.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1947-04-25
NEUzMIRSKIT Sc

Rasydami Dirvos Redakcijai,
Administrator ar Agenturai
kokius paklausimus, visada ide-
kit uz SC paste zenkleli atsa-
kymui. Tas butina.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1947-04-25

Dlrvos redakclja gavo kele-
ta tremtiniu Vokietijoje islei-
stu knygeliu. Tikrai idomu ir
nuostabu kad musu broliai
tremtyje suranda laiko, lesu ir
galimybiu parasyti ir isleisti
taip reikalingu ir taip labai
trukstamu knygu.
Dvi gautos knygeles yra
reiksmingos tue kad jos yra
pagrystos faktais ir ivykiais.
Viena is ju, uzvardinta LIE
TUVA", isleista Augsburge,
1916 m. ia redagavo DR.. A.
Stanys. Pradzioje yra graziai
apibudinta Lietuvos krastas ir
zmones. Aprasyta kokia Lie
tuva buvo Nepriklausomais lai-
kais. Toliau seka suglaustu
ziniu rinkinys is Lietuvos is
torijos, kur nagrinejama Lie
tuviu tautos kline ir atsiradi-
mas. Veliau parodytos visos
kovos del laisves. Gerai at
vaizduota kaip Lietuvis mylejo
laisve ir kaip Lietuviai del jos
guide savo galvas. Pavaizduo-
tt tamsieji Lietuviu tautos mo-
mental, kada Lietuva buvo oku-
quota ivairiu grobuonisku kai-
mynu. Bet vistiek pasirode
Lietuviu tautos laisves troski-
mas buvo uz viska stipresnis,
Lietuva tampa nepriklausoma.
Atskirame skyriuje isnagri-
nejama Lietuviu kulturiniai
bruozai, parodomi Lietuviu
liaudies memo neissemiami tur-
tai. Aiskiai matyti ko Lietu-
va atsieke nepriklausomybes
lalkais kulturos ir svietimo SRI
tyse. Gale isnagrinejama Vi
sa Lietuvos ekonomine padetis
ir santikiai. Parodoma kaip
klestejo ir Xxi kol isaugo Lie
tuvos zemes ukis ir jo produk-
tingumas. Matome kad Lie
tuvos eksportas savo gaminiuo-
/ Sc buvo pirmaeiIis. "
Knygele labai graziai illus
truota puikiomis nuotraukomis
is Lietuvos nepriklausomo gy-
venimo, is miestu ir kaimu. Ia
knygele duoda tikrai tikra ir
malonu Lietuvos vaizda ir ais
kiai parodo ka Lietuva atsieke
per palyginant trumpa Nepri-
klausomybes laikotarpi. o tam
atsakymas irgi randamas ais
kus, kadangi Lietuviu tapta
turf didinga praeiti ir il pagal
savo himno zodzius eina C. is
praeities tavo sunus tie stipry-
be semia. -"
Antra knygele pavadinta -
"LlETUVIQ KOVA SU MA
CIAIS". Tai yra tikrai doku-
mentaliniu faktu rinkinys. Ja
paruose dipl. exon. Br. Kvik-
lys, isleido Memmingene, Min
ties leidykla, 1916 m. Knyge-
leje pradzioje trumpai isnag-
rinejami Lietuvos santikiai SUI
Vokietija nuo 1919 Xxi 1910 m.
Parodoma kad Vokieciai jau
nuo simtmeciu sieke Lietuvos
paglemzimo.
Toliau prieinama kaip naciai
uzgniauze Nepriklausomos Lie
tuvos ideja 1941 metals, kai
prasidejus karui tarp Vokieciu
ir Sovietu 1941 m. Birzelio 22
diena, Lietuva sukilo prizes pa
vergejus SUI ginklais ir kaip
susidarius laikina Lietuvos Wy
riausybe paskelbe Lietuvos ne
priklausomybes atstatyma. De-
ia, tai neilgai truko, kai tik
naciski batai' palette Lietuvos
zeme, jie tuojau uzslopino visa
laisves judejima.
Vaizdziai visa tai atvaizduo-
jana ir ryskiai parodoma Lie
tuvisko pogrindzio veikla prizes
naciu okupantus. Parodoma
kaip Lietuviai kovojo prizes
iyairias naciskas uzma { j a i
prizes norus sumobilizuoti Lie
tuvos jaunima i sava naciska
Milford chronicle., 1947-10-03

lates everything about the flight, as
well as actually flying the plane.
''All it needs is for somebody to
taxi it in position to take off" AMC
officers said. "Then somebody pushes
a button for the ships destination.
1t figures out how much time it will
take to fly there, pre-selects its speed,
calculates the speed of head or tail
winds, and sets down at certain
time at its destination"
Optional Control
It also was explained that contact
can be made with the plane from the
ground if landing by ground controls
is needed. Thus if robot plane came
in over crowded airport it could
be Stacked up"-left flying around
until it had clear landing space.
This plane previously had been
sent up from its base in all kinds
of weather, demonstrating the pos
sibility of flights under conditions
grounding human pilots.
AS first phase of the transatlantic
experiment, the plane was flown a
few months ago from Muroc, Calf,
to Wilmington, Ohio. On its ocean
hop, the plane carried standby
crew of nine and FIVE observers, rep
resenting US. Air Force, the Royal
Air Force and the Sperry Gyroscope
Company.
Milford chronicle., 1947-10-03
Hot Shots

Q In New York, Scout, thrice dec
GRATED K-9 war veteran unable to
readjust to civilian life, was put to
death. The springer spaniel was kid
mapped from an animal shelter by his
devoted owners last spring after he
was convicted of biting two persons.
A lenient judge placed him on parole.
warning another bite would mean
the pets death. Last week Scout bit
a woman and his owners regretfully
turned him over to authorities.
. In West Palm Beach, Fla, Willie
Gilmore, 57-year-old Negro, was
jailed for safekeeping this week after
repeatedly racing through streets at
night yelling: big storm coming -.
IT'S mile-an-hour winds" Residents
in all types of sleeping attire poured
from houses for half-dozen blocks
before police caught up with the
prankster and saved him from an
avenging mob. A week before the
city had experienced l10-mile winds.
Milford chronicle., 1947-10-03
Education
Teochsrs d Pupils

Tie supply Of public school teachers
Is slightly better this year than last
bus says the National Education AS
soSi1lion, there still is little reason
for rejoicing.
a spot check of ten cities and five
coun.ics. scattered from Maine to
New Mexico, showed more than
100000 teachers with sabstsndard
certificates. Last year there were
10000 more teaching jobs than
teachers.
The gap is being filled by emer-
gc1ey teaeherss many of them mar
rcd Wosnen anxious to return to
honacneklDg
Meanwhile a. nationwide survey by
The Nctv York Times indicated more
than 2.500.000 students were crowd
irg tho nation's colleges.
Before the war, colleges reached
q peak enrolment of 100000 stu
&c It's. Now almost that many ex-GI's
arc attending class.
The unprecedented number has
OvcrcroWdcd classes, dormitories and
canpuscs. Some institutions, like New
York's municipal colleges, are in
triple session.
Educators predict enrolment will
continue to soar within the next few
years and may reach the 100000
naark-double the prewar figure.
Milford chronicle., 1947-10-03
RELIGION: Row in Missouri.

fore Almighty God" and obedience
to ecclesiastical authority are funda-
mental issues of the Catholic faith.
Another meeting of the. protesting
parents was held at which plans for
legal action were dropped ,after at.
torneys advised that inasfnuch as the
Archbishop was 'titular owner of
the schools nothing could be done
legally about what he chose to do
with them
The group then passed a resolution
seeking Apostolic Intervention "either
for or against US They also voted
to leave to individual parents the
decision as to whether to withdraw
their children from school in protest.
About 100 Negro students are at
tending Catholic schools under the
policy recently announced by the
Archbishop. although some Negro
students have attended st. Louis
parochial schools since 1887.
Negroes attend separate schools
under the Missouri public school
system.
Milford chronicle., 1947-10-03

lnlSe among the great powers whose
bitter disputes, he said, were spread
ing fear and hate throughout the
world and gripping the U.N.
The Soviet delegate, Andrei Y.
Vishinsky, ignored the appeal. I'M /.
mediately afterward, he launched a
new verbal offensive against the
United States, charging that Secre-
tary of State George c. Marshall had
given an incorrect" explanation Of
the Soviet-American deadlock on
Korea and that the case could not
legally be brought before the assem-
bly,.
He then aSsailed Marshall who
was sitting before him-for support
ing U.N. consideration of recon-
mendations for revision of the Italian
peace treaty. Vishinsky charged the
American attitude on the Italian
treaty was another example of the
lack of American ability to respect
international agreements freely en-
tered into"
Australian Challenge
DR.. Herbert v. Evatt, Australian
delegate, was the first to challenge
Vishinsky's declaration that Marshall
had no right to bring the case of
Korean independence before the as
sembly. The issue, he said, might af-
feet the stability of the far east and
asserted, "ThiS assembly can discuss
any matter it chooses"
Warren r. Austin, American repre-
sentative on the Security Council, said
the assembly did not need to decide
whether Russia or the United States
was to blame for the present situation
in Korea.
'It is enough" he declared, ito as
sumo that both are part right. 1t is
not who's right--but what's right"
British Warning
Earlier Britain's Hector Mcneil
bluntly told the Soviets they must
change their present course or accept
the responsibility for another war.
!, Looking squarely at Vishinsky, he
warned that Russian persistence in
, trying to have her own way would
lead to 'hideous consequence.
The Russians lost by wide margin
in-their attempts to bar assembly dis
cussion of the Greek and Korean
crises, the Italian peace treaty and
: the proposed creation of new and
! veto-less security agency,
The six votes of the Slav bloc held
solid in the minority throughout on
all. .east-west issues. They were Russia,
, Yugoslavia, Poland, White Russia, the
! Ukraine and Czechoslovakia.
, Russia and the US. joined votes on
: only one issue creation Of a special
55-nation committee on Palestine.
/ On this, the Arab block egypt, Syria,
: Lebanon, 1raq. Saudi Arabia, Yemen
: and Transjordanl were an adamant
, minority. Arab League spokesman
: said their countries would oppose par
tition of Palestine ito the limit in
money, men and arms"
Milford chronicle., 1947-10-03
'Ecuul Before Cod


The Most Rev Anlcto Cicognani,
Apostolic Delegate to- the United
States, was asked this week in Wash.
ington by 500 St. Louis Catholics to
intercedc in a conflict over admission
Of Negro children with white students
in ST. Louis parochial schools.
A week ego protest meeting was
held by the ST. Lotiis Catholics at
which it was decided to retain legal
talent and, if advisable, seek a court
injunction against Archbishop Joseph
E. Ritter
The Archbishop cracked back in
a pastoral letter read in all churches
of the Archdiocese Sunday in which
he pointed out exeommunication
would be incurred automatically
should any individual or group pre-
sumo to interfere in the administra-
tive Office of their Bishop BY having
recourse to any authority outside the
Church"
The Archbishop reminded his flock
that the equality of every soul be-
Milford chronicle., 1947-10-03
Germany
Nature Crooks Down

Nature Cracks Down
Germany, drawn and quartered
under four-power occupation rule,
suffered this summer from the worst
drought in 100 years.
Gen. Lucius D. Clay, American
Military governor, says the unprece-
dented drought cut hydroelectric
power by % per cent, crop prospects
by 20 to 40 per cent and halved in
land water transport.
Clay revealed in his semi-monthly
report that reduced hydroelectric
power had caused cancellation of
electric train schedules and severe
curtailment of work in locomotive
and freight car repair shops.
The transport situation was ag-
gravated by a shortage of 1,700 open
railway cars which the Russian zone
owed the American zone at the end
of August. To offset this shortage,
the report said, shipment of empty
closed cars to the Soviet zone was
discontinued.
Milford chronicle., 1947-10-03
In Short

Named: BY the American Com
munist Party, Henry A. Wallace, as
its choice among prospective candi-
dates for President in 1948.
Called: BY the British government,
troops to transport meat from strike
bound Smithfeld Market, London's
largest meat distribution center.
Hanged: BY ssian-dominated Bull
garia after a farcical trial on charges
of plotting against the government.
Nikola Petkov, peasant leader and
foe of the Communist Party. Both
Britain and the US. denounced his
trial as 'travesty of justice .
Sued: BY the National Labor Rela-
tions Board, two unions for alleged
violation of the new Taft-Hartley
labor law.
+. Issued: Marriage license to Britain's
Princess Elizabeth and 1t. Philip
Mountbatten; wedding scheduled No
vember 20.
IAN Piohfs Ppspr1,ed Ap Ne,rSfoof,,ToSi
Milford chronicle., 1947-10-03
Europe
The MorshoII Plan

American diplomatic and financial
experts are studying item by item
the estimate by Is western European
nations that in addition to mutual
self-help they need some $22,44O,-
100000 in food and supplies during
the next four years to get back on
their feet.
The Paris conference which drafted
the blueprint at Secretary of State
George c. Marshall's suggestion pro-
posed that the American continent
supply them in loans and grants
some $19,330,000, 600. 1t assumed that
the remaining $3,110,OOO,0OO for ma
chinery would be financed by the
World Bank.
BY far the bulk of this aid, if the
program is approved by Congress,
will come from the United States.
The American first-year share was
put at 81, ,12O, 900, 900, diminishing year
by year to $4,000, 100000 in 1851.
By comparison, this country's for
eign aid spending in all forms during
1916 and l947 has been estimated at
about $6,OO0,0OO,0O0 a year.
While the State Department was
silent officially, there were strong
indications that the Administration
expected to pare down the first-year
$7,l20, ,000,0 600 estimate before submit
ting it to Congress.
Last month Mr.. Truman made a
bid for Latin America to share the
burden. In his Rio conference ad-
dress, the President referred to
economic aid for Europe as "our col
lective security"
Milford chronicle., 1947-10-03
Defense
Underground, tomorrow

Underground, Tomorrow
The Army will explode giant INT
charges underground to test the
effectiveness of its new and planned
subterranean defenses.
The biggest charge will be 100 tons
more than seven times the power of
the Army's largest traditional bomb
and about 1/l37th the rated destruc-
tive power of the atomic bomb itself
The tests will be staged at the
Dugway Proving Ground near Salt
Lake City to obtain information on
heavier explosive charges in keeping
with the Increased firing power of
offensive weapons. They also will
show explosive ranges without regard
to the means of delivery, whether by
bomb or guided missile.
The Army Air Force now is con-
Quoting experiments on German SUBJ
marine pens with deep penetration"
bombs dropped from high altitude
and which, in actual combat, would
bore deep into the ground before
detonation.
Three types OF targets Will be used
structures buried under various
types of soil (at depths to 70 feet),
defenses tunneled into various types
of rock Cat depths to IT'S feet), and
windowless, reinforced structures on
the surface, contemplated as shelters
against both the blast and radiation
effects of the atomic bomb.
"These tests" the Army said, "are
aimed primarily at determining re-
quirementS for command posts, air
defense control centers and other
vital military installations. In addi-
zion, they will be of great value in
establishing protection for under
ground industrial plants should they
be built"
The tests will be carried out by
Army engineers with a group OF
civilian consultants from several
universities.