davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-01-19
Reds Say laps Fear
Costs Of Occupation
BY the Associated Press

. MOSCOW, Jan. 18.-Pravda, Com
munist party newspaper, said in a
Shanghai dispatch today that per-
sons arriving from Japan had re-
ported apprehension in that country
i that colossal occupation costs
would threaten the nation with
bankruptcy.
A Pravda correspondent said the
japanese had spent more than 50,-
|000, 900 yen building golf courses for
United States troops, 10000, 900 yen
on American barracks and 1900, 900
yen on one house for an occupa-
|tion family. He reported Japan's
spending to maintain Allied troops
reached 10000 100000 yen by last
December and by April, 1947, would
total $4,000, 100000 yen more.
(The official quotation for the
yen is Is to the dollar, but the
actual rate is rs to the dollar)
Meanwhile, Izvestia, Russian gov
|ernment newspaper, commended
that British recognition of the
United States dominant role in the
Far East expressed a foreign-policy
line marked by tendency toward
alliance with the United States for
dividing the world and achieving
Anglo American domination"
The paper said British-American
differences over Japan reflected
contradictions in postwar position
of England, which is fighting for a
decent place under the sum but
which simultaneously is subordi-
mating it's policy more and more to
the interests of the United States. J"
Evening star., 1947-01-19
Eager Buyers Line Up
For London Stocks
BY The Assoeiuted Press


LONDON, Jan. 18.--Eager buyers
queued for q baby carriage COM
pany's common stock on the Lon-
don Stock Exchange this week.
They queued for other issues. too
for anything. in fact, but Japa-
nese bonds and a few other foreign
offerings, in a little boom that grew
by the week end to the point OF
raising a big question.
What Is it-real prosperity or
the start OF inflation?"- was the
query in Fleet Street newspaper
offices, brokers rooms in the shadow
of the Bank of England and the
government offices of Whitehall.
Robust confidence" in Britain S
Evening star., 1947-01-19

economic future was the ofiicial de-
scription by the Daily Herald. Labor
Party organ, Of the feelings OF buy
ers who slighted no section Of the
industrial list. pushing prices uni
formly upward.
But other answers-given as the
country surged back from the
frightening threat Of q general
transport strike and Parliament
prepared to resume labor's NATIONAL
ization program ranged downward
to the dark foreboding of two lead
Evening star., 1947-01-19

ing bankers, that imitation lay tust
around the corner because of the
governments cheap money" policy.
An answer steering clear of both
extremes-that the little boom was
caused at least partially by inves-
tors clearing out Of fields soon to
be nationalized and looking for new
spots for their money-was implied
In at least two quarters.
Evening star., 1947-01-19

AMBULANCE DRIVER AFTER WILD RIDE-Clarence Brady
a. pictured at the raophone he used to tell Maryland police
that moorst trying to force his Prince Georges County
ambulance off the road he brought wounded man to
Casualty Hospital last night Mr. Brady eluded the undent
moort after dodgng along five miles of the road between
Clinton and Silver Hill, Md Star Staff Photo.
Evening star., 1947-12-18
Comet Commentary

There still is much which man has not
explained in the universe of which he is
part A reminder of this fact may be found
In the mysterious comet which has ap-
peared in the sky of the southern hemi-
sphere. Professional astronomers, of course,
will study it with care. The methods and
teehniques which Edmund HALEY devel-
oped for them will be applied to it, and
report will be made on what it is doing.
At present there is no reason to suppose
that it is not following the elliptical path
which as long ago as 1882 he discovered
to be natural for such wanderers to follow.
Science has proved that all the bodies
which move around the sun, however
remotely, are its slaves. They cannot elude
Its power Even their disintegration does
not free them. Their remnants become lost
in the dust of the universe. Yet they are
not released by the tremendous force
which dominates our cosmic system. 1t Is
a law of creation that nothing really is
destroyed. Also it is a principle that moth
Ing uncoerced behaves in defiance of its
integral character. Haley an obscure
soapmakers son, who rose to be Astron-
'omer Royal Of England, based his whole
philosophy on his perception OF repetition
Evening star., 1947-12-18

the tendency OF Ikenesses to persist in
an ordered and regulated pattern.
He knew that the ancient superstitions
about comets are not true, that they do
not foreshadow disasters for mankind, that
they are not heralds of earthquakes and
floods, plaques and famines, wars and
revolutions, as the ancients had supposed
BY the same logic he understood that the
appearance of a comet is not necessarily
a blessing to the human race Certainly
there may be many persons who will wish
that the strange visitor in the southern
sky could proclaim healing of our earthly
ills, correction of our troubles Modern
Halleys give us no hope for any such bene-
faction. If fellowship and peace are to be
established in the world it must be people
our individual selves-who must do the
work. We do have the advantage of the
example of the Holy Child of Bethlehem
for Whom, as millions believe, the Christ
mas star shone bright.
Evening star., 1947-12-18
Better Deal for Babies
New Hospitals Here Will Be Designed to Combine Human
Touch With Modern Methods in Childbirth
By Thomas G.. Buchanan

When chlld-bearing was shifted from the
home to the hospital Mother became cog in
tine baby-production machine.
The modern woman has purchased better
medical care and greatly reduced maternal and
infant death rates at the cost of the human
touch" once a part of childbirth, charges the
Maternity Center Association of New York
City in the current issue OF its publication,
Briefs
But the American mother some day may be as
reluctant to intrust her newborn baby to the
hospital nursery until she is discharged as she
would be today to have it delivered by mid
wife, the maternity experts predict.
The new ideal, they say, is to take the atnos-
phere Of the home to the hospital, and to
abolish the separation of mother and baby. And
Washington mothers will be among the first in
the country to test this theory.
Here's the situation today in the average
maternity ward, as viewed by the Maternity
Center Association
The young, expectant mother is admitted to
the hospital, and is engulfed In routine exam
ination and history taking, often done in an
impersonal, hurried manner.
She is deprived Of the ability to make
decisions, takes no part in the preparations for
the child's arrival, and becomes almost by
stander at the birth of her own baby"
Baby Whisked Away
The baby comes, and is promptly whisked
away by an efficient nurse to the hospital
nursery, there to be tagged and filed until the
mother is ready to be released.
And what has daddy been doing all this time?
Why, he's been pacing up and down for hours
in hospital anteroom, smoking cigarettes. If
he's lucky, he gets chance to see the baby
before his wife has had a good look at it,
peeping In awe through a glass window at a
row of little bassinets, uncertain which is his
own.
Is 1t any wonder ask the maternity experts,
that the modern baby is little stranger"
when it is taken home from the hospital by its
new parents?
When the new George Washington University
Hospital opens early next year, 1t will be the
first institution specifically designed to care for
Evening star., 1947-12-18

dictatorship, first under the famboyant
Cipriano Castro and then under the equally
repressive but able rule OF Juan Vicente
Gomez. Even before that, Venezuelas
political life had been a turbulent one.
The country got off to bad start with
its war of emancipation from Spain, early
in the nineteenth century, which was so
long and ferocious that the prosperity of
colonial times was destroyed. Material
progress came about in recent times mainly
owing to the discovery of rich oil fields
which were effectively exploited by foreign
capital. Under Gomez, much of the re-
sultant wealth was -empted for the
benefit of himself and his adherents. Now,
for the first time, the country's natural
resources are being employed for the good
of the people as whole
Evening star., 1947-12-18
BY THE HAsKIN SERVICE.

@. Are persons who stow away in steamships
coming to this country subject to punishment
or are they merely deported?-R Oh
A. In addition to deportation. stowaways are
liable to year In prison and $500 fine. Pun
ishment for aiding and abettng the illegal en-
try OF stowaways includes imprisonment I'D to
five years and $4,000 for each case.
@. When and where was the new Postmaster
General born?-R. E. A.
"A. Jesse Monroe Donaldson was born on Au-
gust II, 1885, in shelbyville. Ill.
Q. Do animals as a rule have good eyesight?-
A. B.. A.
A. With the exception of birds, the eyesight
Of animals is poorer than that of man. Most
Of them in the ordinary course of life do not
make much use of color vision.
@. What was the date of Ellen Beach Yaw's
death? Why was she celebrated?-F. r. M.
A. She died on September 9, 1947 In Cali
fornia. The concert singer was especially noted
because of the range of her voice. Ellen Yaw
was the only known soprano who could sustain
D above high D.
Q. In which country is the rate Of infant
mortality lowest?-R. B. w.
A. New Zealand has the lowest infant NOR.
tality rate Of any country in the world.
Q. What were the principal foods Of the
early settler Of New England?-C. c. B.
A. The food of the early New England set
tiers was rather limited and aside from fish and
game their diet was confined largely to maize
or corn, ground nuts which took the place of
potatoes, pumpkins, squash, sieva beans and
species Of sunaower whose roots resembled the
artichoke. Some writer's claim that they had
cucumbers and watermelons, but that has been
disputed.
Evening star., 1947-12-18
Abuse of Immunity

mere are excellent reasons for the
prlvilege-that of immunity from suits for
slander-which extends to statements
made by members of Congress on the
floor of the House. This privilege is predi-
Gated. however, on the assumption that
the members will be governed by some
sense OF responsibility, that they will not
abuse their privileged status by indulging
in attacks on individuals which are mott
waited by personal spite.
The attack which Representative
Rankin of Mississippi made this week on
Eugene Meyer, owner of the Washington
Post, is an example of the fragrant man
ner in which some members of Congress
abuse their privilege.
Mr.. Rankin. seizing on the Pauley
affair as pretext for his speech, rehashed
some accusations made against Mr.. Meyer
In connection with the latter's service with
the Federal Reserve System, nearly
twenty years ago. Mr.. Rankin submitted
nothing to support these accusations. Nor
have they ever been proved. On the con-
trary, they were discredited in effect when
the Senate, with knowledge of the accusa-
tions, confirmed President Hoovers ap-
pointment of Mr.. Meyer
Former Representative Blanton of Texas,
master of the smear, knew all this when
he dragged out the same old accusations in
1885. Mr.. Rankin also knows this. But, not
liking the editorial policy of the Post on
the racial question, he retaliates behind
the shield Of congressional immunity, by
smearing the reputation of Mr.. Meyer.
There is nothing that can be done about
it. The public should understand the
difference, however, between an accusa-
ton made on the floor of the House and
one made in circumstances to which con-
gressional privilege would not extend. In
the former setting Mr.. Rankin and his
kind can say anything and get away with
1t. In the latter they would have to be
able to prove their statement or face legal
action for damages. This is distinction
which makes a lot of difference in the
things some people say, and it also makes
difference in the extent to which they
should be believed
Evening star., 1947-12-18
Venezuela Votes

The elections just held in Venezuela are
more notable for the manner in which
they were conducted than for the cam
paign issues on which they were waged.
This probably Is the first election in
Venezuelan history which was held in full
accordance with democratic principles
Balloting was secret and the votes were
fairly counted. Also, suffrage was uni
versal In the fullest meaning of that term.
All Venezuelans, women as well as men,
over eighteen years of age, including 1llit-
crates, were entitled to cast ballots. And
the slate included candidates for presi-
dent, members of congress and state leg
islators, Venezuela having a federal form
of government somewhat similar to ours.
Lastly, this was the first constitutional
election since the revolution of 1945, which
overthrew the Medina regime and replaced
it with "de facto" government headed by
Romulo Betancourt.
This government embodied the political
party known as Democratic Action, leftiSt
in complexion with emphasis on the de-
velopment of aided industries, public
works and labor legislation, yet in sharp
OppOSlClOIl 10 ulGTdTdulCdlS represented Dy
the Communist Party. The Communists
ran a presidential candidate, but he got
nowhere. his vote being insignificant. The
real opposition was the so-called Copei
Party representing the conservative ele-
ments. Copei made a respectable showing,
but the Democratic Action won resound-
ing victory, winning the presidency in the
person of its candidate, Romulo Gallegos,
decisive majority in congress and control
of most state legislatures. Thus the elec-
tions regularize the Betancourt revolution
and entrench Democratic Action In power
by the indubitable verdict Of the people.
Venezuela's political orientation will there
fore continue to be somewhat left OF
center, though avoiding radical extremism.
From the aspect of foreign policy, Demo-
cratic Action favors good relations with
the United States, Pan-American CO.
operation and opposition to totalitarian
trends.
Venezuela's political evolution during
the past decade has been gratifying one.
1t is only eleven years since the country
emerged from Z long period Of despotic
Evening star., 1947-12-18
A PriviIeqe-Not q Riqht

allleIlCdI COllcSeS duu uIllNGISlIlcS
must envision much larger role for
higher education in the national life.
They can no longer consider themselves
| merely the instruments for producing an
intellectual elite; they must become the
means by which every citizen, youth and
adult, is enabled and encouraged to carry
his education, formal and informal, as far
as his native capacities permit"
The foregoing may be taken as the main
thesis developed by the. Presidents Com
mission on Higher Education in the first
of what will be six volumes of its report.
The argument here is for an education
available to all, to meet the requirements
of new age, including the science of
living together. To accommodate the de-
mand implicit in such program, the
commission argues for greatly enlarged
facilities in our institutions of higher
learning, perhaps to be doubled by 1860; a
substantial change in accepted curricula
and some form of assistance by the Ma
ttonal Government
The report will stimulate discussion and
undoubtedly will influence changes in edu-
cational concepts and methods. But it
could be wished that more emphasis were
placed on higher education as a privilege
rather than the right of all citizens; a
privilege that is not determined by race,
creed or economic standing, but one that
is reserved for those who have the ca
pacity to take advantage of it.
In his speech on Tuesday evening, re-
spending to tributes on the occasion of his
twentieth anniversary as president OF
George Washington University, Dr. Cloyd
Heck Marvin touched on this thought with
great common sense. I'm a democracy"
he said, mo youth ought to have a right
to college education unless the years he
spends in college will teach him to work
harder and to greater social purpose than
if he were to spend the same amount of
time in an apprenticeship in some other
occupation" Colleges, to many of those
who attend them, provide four pleasant
years but in so far as formal education is
concerned, they are wasted years.
The CT Bill of Rights has shown how
many young men, now in colleges and
universities, are really profiting by an OPP
portunity which would have been unavail-
able without the financial assistance they
are receiving. The experience is going to
demonstrate the value Of educating young
men and women who, with some financial
assistance, prove that they merit an edu-
cation. Undoubtedly this experience with
veterans will broaden, through some form
of Government aid, opportunities in the
future that we're unavailable in the past
And this will lead to an enlarged demand
on the educational facilities of the
country.
But one way of meeting this demand,
as Dr.-Marvin suggests, is through greater
selection of candidates for an education
selection based on intellectual ability
rather than on ability to pay. Regarded
as an inalienable right, a college educa-
ton will be wasted on many who receive
it. When it is made privilege, to be won
by demonstrated ability and fitness, the
load on the colleges will be automatically
reduced in substantial degree and the
efforts of the colleges will not be diluted
by futile endeavor.
Evening star., 1947-12-18
To One Whose Child Lies Decd

So Ike tree that has lost euery Leaf,
haze no pords upon my lips. The grtet
Seen In your eyes Is ansUered BY my heart.
Although nnheard, 1t yearns to sootte
the smart
OF DEATH trust that you noU
understand
My pitying hearts desire the ,ohtle my
hand
Is clasptng yours: and / am trusting, too,
That Gods dear angels UtH draD close
to you
And In the hour OF this great sorrotp keep
Untolded ,oip1s about you ,Dhile you Deep.
ROSE MYRA PHILLIPS.
Evening star., 1947-12-18
Savage River Dam Project

To the Editor of The Star:
Not too much can be done to correct condi-
tions in the Potomac basin until something
Is done about the stream at Its source. AS far
as the water purifying itself many times over
in the flow from Cumberland and above to the
basin, that sounds good but tastes like Wash
ington water To me 1t seems like doing this
weeks wash in last weeks wash water.
suggest that you have some of your reporters
visit the Potomac up around Cumberland at
the Celanese Corp and at Luke, Md, at the
West Virginia Pulp and Paper mill for inspira-
tion-and asphyxiation.
The Savage River Dam project has been
political football since it first was proposed.
Originally, the major industries along the Po-
tomac from Luke to Cumberland were to pay
the matching money for the Federal appropria-
ton, wangled from Harold L. Ickes by Congress-
man David J. Lewis. But the Allegany County
(Md0 County Commissioners, assured Of the
Federal fund, changed the bill before the State
Legislature and sadded q 100000 bond
issue on the taxpayers, even though the Gov
ernor retained the right to name the dam COM
mission. He did, in the usual way.
After the first 100000 was gone, President
Roosevelt reached into one Of those now van
ished reserves and appropriated another $2225,-
900 for the completion Of the dam. A million
and quarter OF that was gone when work
was stopped in 1912, after flood had washed
out almost all the incomplete wall Of the dam.
Time and erosion have played havoc with what
was completed, and the cost of completing the
dam now rises with each rain and each esti-
mate; the latest I've heard was s2600,OO0 but
that was in July.
Since you people in Washington are interested
in pollution in the Potomac, it occurred to me
you should concern yourself with the situation
that has developed on the Savage River dam
project MICHAEL F. PRENDERGAST,
Cumberland Md
Evening star., 1947-12-18

the mother who wants to keep her baby by her
side throughout her hospital stay.
This pioneer experiment in the latest theory
of maternity care will be followed by the 1900
bed Hospital Center, scheduled for construction
here within the next few years.
George Washington has eight private mater
nifty rooms with built-in baby's cubicle. There
are six four-bed nurseries, each f1anked by
two-bed rooms in which the mother can keen
an eye on her baby through glass partition.
The remaining 40 bassinets are in orthodox
nurseries, limited to eight cribs, separate from
the mothers room.
Present plans for the Hospital Center call for
the ALLEGATION of 200 to 225 beds for maternity
service, according to an authority on obstetrcal
care from Garfield Hospital which will take
part in the new hospital. OF these, from Is to
so may be designed to provide the close mother
child relationship available at George Washing
ton.
instruction for Mothers
There's more to the theory than the purely
psychological advantage Of promoting closer
relations with the newborn child from the
moment of its birth. From practical stand
point, baby specialists think the mother should
be taught as much as possible about the
proper care Of her baby before she leaves the
hospital and takes over on her own This type
OF instruction is also envisioned by George
Washington's staff
Another important consideration is that the
sudden outbreaks Of infantile diarrhea which
have swept through Gallinger and Freedmen's
Hospitals in recent years are easier to control
when babies are not placed in large nurseries
where the disease can be spread
There is, OF course, an obstacle that must be
overcome if the closer mother-baby relationship
is to become a generally adopted hospital pro-
cedure. 1t requires more nursing care to visit
each youngster in its mothers room than to go
down the long rows OF bassinets in nursery
With hospital costs soaring, and each nurses
time aS premium, the extra care is hard to
furnish.
But the eyes Of the medical world will be on
Washington and the handful Of other cities
which are seeking to restore the human element
to life's most personal and human experience.
Evening star., 1947-12-18
Need for Correcting Children

.Need Tor Correcting Children
To the Editor Of The Star;
Any parent who administers corporal pun
shment to q child In anger perhaps does sn
injury to him. possibly even very serious in
jury. But, on the other hand, 1t does not take
much common sense to realize that there must
be ultimate firmness In dealing with children
Even good children have their contrary and
ugly times, however rare. wise parent will
recognize passing mood. Children lose re-
spect for parents who lose their poise and self
control when angry. Reasonableness and un-
derstanding are by far the most effective means
Of dealing with wrongdoing. But If = child
"gets away with anything" he may easily be on
the way TO getting, away with murder"
OTIS MOORE.