davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-10-01
Picking Apples

On the larger commercial farms it is
business. But the countryman with his
two or three dozen old trees on the slope
behind the barn looks ahead to apple
picking time. Equipment has been readied
buShel baskets to hold the picked fruit
Beneath the west scaffold ihe has made
temporary bins to hold the different varie-
ties until he gets around to sorting them
over. When September draws to close
and the nights begin to have the ominous
menace of a black frost man wants
everything in order for his apple picking.
Harvesting the fruit Is work. No ques-
tion Of that. It is honest labor to move
the twenty-foot ladder from tree to tree.
The half-bushel picking basket fills quickly
with the big fruits and one has to make
repeated trips up and down the ladder,
pouring the apples carefully into the old
but sturdy bushel baskets. Then, in late
afternoon, the horse is hitched to the
farm wagon and the days picking is
drawn to the barn. That is the obvious
labor of apple picking.
But to him who is sensitive to the mo-
mentum of the cycling seasons, there is
more to 1t than that. High in a tree on
the sloping hill one can look out across
the valley. The twisting river shines in the
sun like crooked silver ribbon In the
distance the blue-green mountains rise
like waves to meet the sky Fields and
meadows browse in the mellow warmth.
Chickadees come around and chant their
names In alto voice. Woodpeckers sound
their rolling staccato calls on the dead
limbs of beeches and birches at woods
edge. Picking apples is satisfying work
Evening star., 1947-10-01
Group Tyrunnies

DR.. Frank D. Fackenthal, speaking at
the opening of the 194th academic year
Of Columbia University, discussed "tyrant
minorities" with courage which deserves
commentator. NonconformistsS he said,
no longer can remove themselves to un-
occupied, unclaimed areas of the globes
surface and "set up life anew" On the
other hand, the old traditional boundaries
between peoples content TO "stay put" have
been surmounted by improved transporta-
tion and communication "The barriers
that remain are those of misunderstanding
and Misrepresentation, and they are
- constant danger" if only because
they disturb the closely intertwined eco
nomic, social and political interests OF the
world.
Within the existing picture of civilization,
DR.. Fackenthal argued: mo individual, no
minority, can escape responsibility for the
course of human affairs, any more than
can the majority" Granted that minorities
"often have their just grievances" and
certainly have the right to try to obtain
redress, their obligation to the larger
organization of which all are part con-
tinues unaffected. Most dissenting groups
"have the craftsmanship to work peace
fully for their adjustment" But those
- who depend upon the primitive idea
of force for a solution-who advocate the
use of aggression either in the active form
of terrorism and war, or in passive form
that paralyzes nations transport and
industry-need self examination"
Specifically, Dr. Fackenthal rebuked the
factions that have supposed that the rights
of minorities cor even of majorities" can
be achieved by disregarding the rights OF
other groups. Urging more comprehen-
sive philosophy, he insisted:
A minority which uses its balance of power
to compel special legislation that endangers
the welfare Of all; minority which hesitates
not to starve city, minority, even OF 200
million, which prevents the making OF peace
In the world, must accept accountability not
only to itself but to society in general for the
power 1T Yields. And accountable they will
be- for time runs against all tyrannies. The
human spirit is essentially force for progress
an irresistible force-and therein lies the
hope OF the world and the role of education
At the present moment, man finds him.
self trapped in that he Is face to face with
himself at last , He must solve the
problem of his own nature" Education,
DR.. Fackenthal declared. must help toward
that end 1t will increase regard for the
rights OF others" without consideration OF
the numbers involved "and SO clear the
Evening star., 1947-10-01
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE

Q. Did the Romans know how to make ice
cream?-F. G. P
A. 1t is said that in ancient Rome. in AID.
81, Nero sent slaves to the mountains for snow,
which was rushed sto Rome, favored with honey,
fruit juice and pulp, and served to the Emperor
Italians are given credit for first making cream
ice, forerunner of modern ice cream in the
17th century.
O. What is the origin Of the term ""bus
boy"?-H. T. Y.
A. The term "bus" is derived from omnibus
a Latin word meaning everything hence
a boy who does everything.
@. What German city received the most
bomb damage in World War II?-C. ]. j.
A. Hamburg was the German city most dam
aged by bombs during World War II. AS
stated in the United States Strategic Bombing
Survey on the European War; on three nights
in late July and early August, 1943, the RAF
struck Hamburg, destroying about one-third
of the houses of the city. German estimates
show that $4,000 to 100000 people were killed In
this attack There were also other attacks
on this city, both by the Raj and the AAF.
@. Are any of the States in the United
States dry" States?-A. L. Y.
A. Mississippi, Oklahoma and Kansas are
dry" States, although all three permit the
sale and manufacture of beer and light wines.
Certain counties and smaller governmental
areas in some of the other States are dry"
O. Was the B-29 used in the European the
ater in World War II?-D N. S.
A. B-29s were not used in the war against
Germany The first B-29 Super Fortress to
reach Germany was on a training field and
arrived there in June, 1947.
@. How many displaced persons have entered
the United States since World War II?-
H.R.V.
A. Only $4,000 displaced persons have entered
the United States since 1945. About one mil
lion remain in Europe
Q. When was the International Date Line
established?-E. S. L.
A. The International Meridian Conference,
held in Washington, D. c., in 1884, established
as the prime meridian, from which time was to
be counted, the meridian passing through
Greenwich, England. The meridian 180 degrees
from this prime meridian was made the Inter-
national Date Line, but in order to include
islands of the same group in the same day. it
has been necessary to vary the line from the
180th meridian at some places.
@. What is the history Of the name Nags
Head, North Carolina?-F. B.
A. Nags Head has been a resort for more
than century. An explanation for the name
is that in the early days of the settlement
land pirates" deliberately sought to wreck
ships. On stormy night lantern was tied
TO the neck of an old nag, which was then
driven along the beach. Mistakng the light
for beacon, ships were lured to the treacher-
Gus reefs, there to be boarded and looted by
the land pirates"
Q. In what country is 1t the custom for
married man to wear his hair In q topknot OIL
his head?-C. N. H.
A. Up to and through World War H. as soon
as hoy or young man in Korea became en-
gagged. to be married he went through the
ceremony Of having his hair put up He was
then considered grown up. An old man, If un-
married, still wore his hair in long pigtail and
was considered a child
Evening star., 1947-10-01

the moon on plant growth and notices In
this connection that the ancient Egyptians
buried, and asks: what killed them all
as well as the Hebrews of antiquity held
the moon in particular awe as the source
of devastating cataclysms. And John ].
ONeill, writing in the New York Herald
Tribune, says Zone has only to look at
the moon today to see the thousands of
craters that dot its surface as evidence
that it was once tremendous fire-spitting
incandescent body, probably activated by
atomic energy outbnrsts."
Admittedly, the surface of "the lesser
light" seems peacefully dead in our era,
but it is equally obvious that it formerly
was not dead. It is entirely possible that
the markings of the 14,657 900 square miles
of the moon resulted from series of
explosions which easily might have been
responsible for the slaughter in Wyoming
or any other post-Cambrian disaster. Only
100000 miles Of space separate the earth
from its nearest neighbor. Leonardo da
Vinci, more than a century before the
invention Of the telescope, discovered that
the lunar sphere is illumined by our own
planet as well as by the sun. more
familiar tie is that of the rising and falling
of the tides in response to the moon
But be all this as it may the fact re-
mains that one of the grandest spectacles
available to human experience "for free"
is that>of such display of celestial glory
as many Washingtonians undoubtedly re-
marked Monday night and last night and
may view>again this evening.
Evening star., 1947-10-01
Tito's Invitation

Nothing could be more correct than the
answer made by former Secretary of State
Byrnes to Marshal Titos invitation asking
him and five other prominent Americans
to visit the Yugoslav- Greek border and
see for themselves what is going on there
The answer is polite but firm rejection,
and the reason for 1t is that the question
at issue is now before the United Nations
and that any private inquiry at this time
might prejudice action by the U. N.
Actually, the invitation has been sus-
pect from the moment it became public.
Tito, with the aid of the Soviet veto, has
bitterly resisted the Security Councils
recommendation to set up long term
United Nations commission to investigate
the overall Balkan area and help to
establish peace there. Similarly, with the
council paralyzed by Russia, he is now
resisting the United States proposal that
such commission be created by the Gen.
eral Assembly itself. In short he has
given every evidence of not wanting the
U. N. to make an exhaustive inquiry into
charges that his country together with
Albania and Bulgaria, has been committing
hostile acts against Greece Nor has he
shown anything but opposition to the idea
OF an organized international effort to
pacify the region.
In the circumstances the good faith of
Marshal Tito's invitation is subject to more
than little doubt His willingness to let
six Americans carry on an investigation
contrasts so sharply with his unwillingness
to let the United Nations do the same
thing that it is hard to escape the con-
clusion that he has made this gesture with
nothing but meaningless guided tour"
in mind, or merely for propaganda pur-
poses, or as diversionary move designed
to weaken or embarrass Secretary Mar
shalls argument for special General As
sembly commission. Under normal con-
ditions, some good might result from an
on-the-spot inquiry by private citizens as
experienced and discerning as Mr.. Byrnes
and former Governor Stassen But condi-
tions are not normal The Balkans are
boiling enough to demand u. N. action:
the time has passed when informal un-
oflcial surveys can mean anything.
Evening star., 1947-10-01
Letters to The Star
He Suspects Some Patriots


70 the Editor of The Star!
In his letter to The Star on "Greeting the
Freedom Train,'' Austin c. Waller indicates an
attitude that Is alarming, because 1t is that of
frightened man. He is afraid Of communism
and Communists, and in his fear he takes the
very position which has strengthened that of
their theology in this country In his alarm he
ignores the justice of many of the Communist
criticisms.
Instead of the welcome to the Freedom Train
planned by the Communist party, Mr.. Waller
would have procession headed by such groups
as the Daughters of the American Revolution,
an organization noted for its discriminatory
practices the American Legion noted primarily
for its eagerness to collect pensions and bonuses,
and college fraternities. most of which have dis
crinlinatory clauses in their national charters.
Mr. Waller suggests in his indignant letter
that all Communists and their supporters are
aliens; he would be surprised that many OF
them claim American citizenship as rightfully
as hes He refers with awe and loyalty to the
Constitution and the Bill of Rights; he disre-
CARDS the fact that these are the very documents
which guarantee to every American the
right of free speech and even dissenting opin-
ions, including Communists, and the TACT that
these documents do give such protection is the
handspring Of the strength of this Nation.
Mr.. Waller finds communism threat; he IS
undoubtedly justified in finding it antagonistic
to the beliefs and principles stated in the docu-
ments he mentions. But If the organizations he
chooses to represent are the best that this
Nation has to offer, then there will be more
communism both here and abroad. The groups
he has chosen include many who have failed
to aim toward the stated ideals of the land Of
free men and equal opportunity; and when they
fail, those who see their failure look for hope
elsewhere, even in communism.
M. BASCH
Evening star., 1947-10-01

True, they have a great affection for Bikni,
and that is the real tragedy, the only tragedy
in the entire situation.
For it is not true that the Bikinians were
deposited" on Rongerik and promptly for
gotten" Ickes has nothing at all upon which to
base that assertion except an imagination stim-
ulated by scandal -mongering.
It is not true that the natives are actually
and literally dying of starvation or were, as
late as month ago . in the last stages Of
dire want"
"As late as a month ago." and before that,
and since then the Navy has sent civilian
scientists to Rongerik to help the islanders
achieve self -sufficiency.
Rongerik is periodically visited by civil gov
ernment officers from Kwajalein. The natives
are periodically supplied with supplementary
rations of corned beef, rice flour and timed
goods to the equivalent of about one full meal
day. Neither the Navy nor any other Federal
administrative agent can afford to keep per-
sonnel on the island to ration the food con-
tributed, although the Navy did school one
Bikinian to be keeper of the supplies. But
the natives prefer a couple of monumental
feasts to prudent apportionment of the food
stocks; in the same manner, the brood sows
and boar given them by the Navy were eaten
up at great "kwedj-kwedj" or barbecue, held,
maybe, to celebrate the fact that they had been
given swine to raise.
The Bikinians were accustomed to obtain
drinking water by catching rain as it dripped
from the roofs of their thatched hutS, storing
it in hollowed logs and oil tins. There are no
springs or fresh-water wells on any atoll in
all Micronesia. On Rongerik, the ex-Bikini
people have more ample and sanitary water
supply than most of their felow-M -Marshallese,
from screened concrete cisterns with corrugated
steel catchments-but for them by the Navy.
They are the only islanders whose homes are
erected on decay and insect proof foundations,
Navy supplied, or equipped with insectproof
food storage cabinets Navy built.
Still Have Choice of Real Estate.
Despite all this, the Nays civil government
administration is still ready to transfer the
natives to better atoll. The four chiefs
Judah Jasua, Azakel and Jibiji-were given
another tour. of the available real estate in
the sparsely populated Marshalls before being
returned to Rongerik. They still have not made
up their minds whether they want to leave.
I know it is Ickes' pleasure to write infuriat-
ingly, and perhaps I am a sucker to give him
glee by thus retorting to his Vishinsky style
of journalism. was brought up in another
school, however, wherein reporters were re-
quired to stick to the facts, editorial writer's
based their interpretations on facts, and editors
took pride in presenting only truth and honest
opinion to the public.
This letter does not Speak for the Navy De-
partment or any of its officials. The opinions
stated above are my own based on personal
observation and study. The facts are public
property, available to anybody.
CAPT. WALTER KARIG, U. S. N. r.
Evening star., 1947-10-01
Information on the United Nations

Information on the United Nations
To the Editor of The Star:
With the opening of the critical sessions OF
the United Nations Assembly in New York,
the people throughout the world are directly
or indirectly affected by the decisions made
and not made there.
The most effective way of informing the
people of the United States and Of the s.
nations represented at the United Nations
is that, at the end Of each day 1t Is in session,
the proceedings-very much condensed. and
approved as being correct by the represent
atives of each of the IS nations-be released
as an official document to all papers. These
proceedings should be sent to ut least one
newspaper in the capital Of each OF the IS
nations represented, and published In their
language on the front page at specific place.
The approval by the government in whose
country the paper Is published should be in
dicated so the people would know it is the truth
and accepted by their government.
If this procedure Of informing the people is
adopted by the members Of the U. N. then
and then only will We know that the people
Of all countries are taking full responsibility
for the acts OF their government.
MICHAEL J. sAssANI.
Evening star., 1947-10-01
Tribute to Trinidad Boys Club

To the Editor of The Star:
I am one of the dads of the Trinidad Boys
Club. I have been reading with uneasiness
what has been printed In the papers recently
about the Trinidad Boys Club becoming
part OF the Police Boys Clubs.
hope this doesn't happen.
There is something clean and fine, some
thing truly American, about the Trinidad Boys
Club. The rhythm and peculiar tenderness OF
its meaning would be shattered and destroyed
If 1t became part Of q monopoly. In way. It
Is the little man against the big man.
II the people who have helped the club In
Evening star., 1947-10-01

curious case is that of Southwestern
radio station that struck oil on it's property
instead of in the commercial announcers
voice.
Evening star., 1947-10-01

way for the ever higher life of generations
to come"
These are thoughts which merit ponder
ing, not merely In the class rooms of
Columbia University but beyond.
Evening star., 1947-10-01
Stars, Men and Atoms
Birthplace of the Stars
Studied by Astronomers
Dark, Cosmic Cloud Patches Believed
Great Areas of Interstellar Dust
r., Thannns p Henry

By Thomas r. Henry
Probable birthplaces of stars-vast stretches
OF space filed with small round dark cosmc
cloud patches which presumably are great ag
gregations of interstellar dust In the process of
concentratiop-are being studied by Harvard
observatory astronomers.
They call these mysterious objects "cosmic
globules." These appear about half way be-
tween unorganized clouds Of gas and minute
particles and the youngest type Of luminous
stars.
All space Is nlled with very finely diffused
gas, chiefly hycrogen which Is ten thousapd
times more abunosnt than any other form Of
matter In the univsrse, and what DR.. Felix
Cerhusani OF the Harvard STAN calls "cosmic
grains" ~
One Atom In Many MILES.
The tenuousness of the gas Is such that there
Is only about one atom in many cubic miles, on
the average. There are only about Tooth as
many OF the particles which are estimated to
have radii Of about a hundredth- -thousandth
Of an inch. Each of them contains about bill
lion atoms. In certain limited areas Of the uni
verse, however, the particles become about as
numerous as the hydrogen molecules.
The greatest concentrations outside the stars
themselves are in these cosmic globules, studied
by DR.. Bart j. Box Of the Harvard staff. He
found the largest number of these objects in
the general neighborhood of the Messier nebua
between the earth and the center Of the Milky
Way system at distances of approximately 25,-
$1,000, 900, 100000 miles from the earth but still
well within the galactic system. The star clouds
around the constellation of Sagittarius in the
northern heavens also were found quite rich in
the "globules"
Absent In Most Areas.
In most parts of the heavens, however, they
are entirely absent. They seem to be most
thickly distributed around the galaxy's center
of gravity where presumably the distribution Of
matter is much more dense than elsewhere.
Their size ranges from ten to 80 times that OF
the earth's orbit around the sun.
The particles are described as tiny crystals
of cosmic gas with temperature very close
to absolute zero. They contain considerable
amounts of ron-more than the average for
the stars themselves.
Presumably all the billions of stars which
make up the Milky Way galaxy have been
formed in the course of cosmic time out Of an
original all-pervading gas which formerly
was much denser than at present. The ancient
process of star formation, the Harvard studies
indicate is continuing as at the beginning, al
though probably the birth rate has enormously
declined in the past few billion years
Evening star., 1947-10-01

A special issue of half dollars has gone
on sale for one dollar; but what's so special
about it, if the same is true of half dollar
pork chops?
Evening star., 1947-10-01

A party in possession of several pounds
of butter and pork roast is looking over
the latest in refrigerators for something
with time lock in the handle.
Evening star., 1947-10-01

In party circles, the thought of Eisen-
hover scares the professionals They
can't forget how Wlllkie got in on a guest
card and took over their little club.
Evening star., 1947-10-01

Those new buses hit the red lights just
rs frequently as the old ones did.
Evening star., 1947-10-01
Questions and Answers

A reader can get the to any question
Of fact by writing The Evening Star 1nforma tion
Bureau, 3l6 1 street Ne, washington q D. C.
Evening star., 1947-10-01

the past decide to give up the hard and lonely
road the club has followed since it began, 1t
will be blow to us who admire fighter with
CUTS and who can take 1t.
Keep fighting, Trinidad. Don't give up
Don't 60 under and don't be absorbed. My son
loves you just as you are. Be true to him and
us dads will come through for you.
EDWARD F.. FULK.
Measuring Dewey's Stature
To the Editor OF The Star:
There has been considerable comment in
newspapers and on radio about the stature OF
Governor Dewey.
1t might be well for critics to recall the
quotations from Isaac Watts poem, True
Greatness" which reads:
Were so tall to reach the pole,
Or grasp the ocean with my span,
must be measured by my soul,
The minds the standard Of the man"
MRS. PAULINE SCANNED.
Evening star., 1947-10-01

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address of the
tDriter, although it is permissible for
1oriter knoUn to The Star to use
non, de plume. Please be brief.
The Key West citizen., 1947-11-10
Homestead Plays
Locals Tomorrow

American Legion softball club
will play in Homestead tomor-
row and help celebrate Armis-
tice Day in that city.
Theodore Albury, manager of
the locals, is carrying up with
him a very strong club and will
we'll represent Key West in
Homestead.
Homestead will celebrate Ar
mistice Day with d parade at 8
a. m., through the principal
streets of the city, to the ball
park. There will be a "fiSh-fry'
until 2 p. m, when the Home
stead All Stars will play the
American Legion team from Key
West.
There is much interest in this
game and people as far north as
Lake Worth are coming down to
see the game.
The Legion is carrying such
playe as of the Callber of Monk
Myers, Hancock, Mastens, Ace
vedo. Charles Albury, Henson
Osterhoudt, Fisher, Thornton and
several others.
The Key West citizen., 1947-11-10
SPORTS and
RECREATION
vI,IuiIIlIlIlIillIIIIIlIuUnIIInlIIIIllllIIIIllI


sWIMMING-3outh Beach. south
end Of Duval Street.
DEEpSEA TISHING-~Gulf Dock,
west Caroline Street: Craig
Dock, north end of Grinnell
Street.
BASEBALL-Games, usually on
Sunday afternoon, at Munich
pal Stadium, Duck Avenue
and 18th Street.
.sOLF-Municipal Golf Course.
Stock Island.
cENNIS- -Bayview Park on Di-
vision Street (day and night
faCilitieS),
Observation-Disclosures courts
at South Beach and Bayview
Park.
HANDBALL-Bayview Park.
SHUFFLEBOARD - Bayvie W
Park and South Beach.
PICNICKING-Tables at Bay
view Park.
cHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND -
Bavview Park.
COMFORT STATIONS-Bayview
Park.