davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-02-25
The Political Mill
Bv Gould Lincoln

workers in the country-aS II surely Will
in the end if nothing is done about IT.
The issue no longer is merely between
the employers on the one hand ana
union labor on the other. 1t is between
the union and the individual worker
and always has been. The individual
workers, under a complete closed shop
system, which is the goal OF the union
leaders, will have no real freedom OF
choice. They will have to belong to
union to live, if they have to work to
live, as most of us do. They will have
to pay whatever dues the union imposes.
This Is tremendous power to place IN
the hands of any agency, particularly
when it is private agency.
There is plenty Of evidence that the
workers themselves, many Of them mem
bers of unions, are alive to the danger
to their personal freedom. Senator
Balls mail has been flooded with let
ters from them, criticizing the closed
shop and urging him to go ahead with
his proposed bill.
The other major issue involved in the
proposed new labor legislation is in
dustry-wide bargaining by labor unions.
This, too, Senator Ball believes the Sen
ate should meet frankly. The time has
come, he holds, to fish or cut bait, and
he will offer an amendment attacking
industry-wide bargaining, first in the
committee and then in the Senate, If
the committee has failed to write 1t into
the bill it reports. His proposal prob
badly will take the line that the local
union, not the national or international,
is to be certified as the bargaining
agency with an employer. Industry
wide bargaining Is threat to indus
trial peace-a threat on large front,
and monopolistic. too.
Other issues which the legislators are
pondering have to do with the use Of
violence and mass picketing. Here,
however, the question arises whether
the local and State authorities, rather
than the Federal, should be called upon
to suppress violence and mass picketing,
which frequently leads to violence.
March 8 is the date set for conclud-
ing the hearings before the Senate
committee and Chairman Taft has pro-
posed that labor bill be reported to
the Senate by March IS. Every effort
is being made to follow this schedule.
The prospects now are for a labor bill
with teeth In 1t, when 1t leaves the
committee.
Evening star., 1947-02-25

The Senate will have to vote one of
these days on the question: Must an
individual worker join q labor union in
order to get job, and must he join
a union to keep from losing job? 1t is
the "closed shop" issue. Crusading Sen
ator "Joe" Ball of Minnesota, Repub-
lican member of the Labor Committee
of the upper house, is going to make
it his business to see that the Senate
take its stand on this issue.
His first test of strength on the issue
will come in the Labor Committee 1t
self. Admittedly, as thing appear TO-
DAY, his proposal to outlaw the closed
shop stands to lose in the committee,
although it has also strong support.
His second chance will come when a
labor bill is reported from the COM
uittee to the Senate. Then he can offer
an anticlosed shop amendment, which
must be voted up or down.
This closed shop issue is one OF the
most vital issues today-for the closed
shop is inimical to the liberty OF the
individual voter and it makes possible
and easy a gigantic labor monopoly.
The argument which has been advanced
by the Secretary of Labor against the
proposed Ball legislation Is that. be-
cause of the large number OF labor
MANAGEMENT contracts which contain
closed shop provisions, or provisions
similar to the closed shop but varying
in degree, it would create chaos In
American industry. Mr.. Schwellenbach.
in his testimony before the Senate Labor
Committee, said he believed the Ball
bill would operate against the union
shop" contract, the maintenance OF
membership" contract, and preferential
hiring" contracts. And he added that
II per cent of the organized industrial
workers in the country are today covered
by such contracts.
He broke the figure down as follows:
30 per cent of the ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
contracts are closed shop, Is per cent
are union shop, % per cent are mainte-
nance of membership and 3 per cent
are preferential hiring. In all, 1t Is
estimated that 100000 workers are
covered by these contracts.
Obviously, the enactment Of the anti
closed shop legislation would cause q
tremendous stir. The question, how
ever, is whether 1T is better to eradicate
this un-American, monopolistic practice
or let 1t grow until 1t encompasses all
Evening star., 1947-02-25
Macarthur Warns Congress

General MacArthur's statement
with regard to the situation in
Japan is in the nature Of an appeal
to our legislative branch OF Govern
ment to live up to our national
obligations. He is obviously alarmed
at the tendency currently displayed
in Congress to cut budgetary appro-
priations to a degree which would
1eopardize the national interest. In
this, he merely re-echoes the warn
ings of the heads of our armed forces
and the urgent recommendations OF
the Chief Executive. However, his
statement covers virtually all the
outstanding points at issue, since 1t
includes the items of relief and re-
habilitation, the efficiency Of our oc-
cupation program, and the ability OF
our occupational forces to carry out
their designated tasks. Indeed, he
stresses the first two items even
more than he does the strictly mill
tary phase.
Thus, though he reiterateS what
all our occupational heads, from ia
pan to Germany, have repeatedly
stated, that our forces of occupation
everywhere have been cut to "the
lowest numerical level consistent
with either reasonable security" or
the accomplishment of their respec-
tive duties, he goes on to set forth
that further retrenchment in relief
would cause wholesale starvation
and "repudiate those very ideals
upon which our country has always
stood" and for which so many have
already died. starvation, he points
out. breeds mass unrest, disorder,
and violence. Worse still, it renders
a people an easy prey to any ideol-
ory, however evil, which bears with
1t life-sustaining food"
The general argues that, seen in
proper perspective, the present costs
OF relief and occupation are "inf1ni-
tesimaT compared with the costs
Evening star., 1947-02-25
A Bachelor Resents a Slur
To the Editor Of The Star

To the Editor OF The star:
I am a constant reader Of Frank
Kents column, though not always agree
ing with his aversion to unionism, etc.
However, I admire his frankness and
courage in making known his views,
even at times at the cost of public ac-
claim.
His recent praise Of Mr. Perlman as
solicitor general was fair and correct.
but when he states that Mr.. Perlman
is bachelor with no bad habits" am
inclined to resent that left-handed in
sinuation toward bachelorhood.
Mr.. Kent is posing the question the
same as do our young folks; they think
there is something iniquitous or hideous
about the life Of bacheiorhood.
Many of the worlds most distinguished
people are and have been bachelors.
There will always be bachelors and
spinsters Any slur or ingenious state
ment that belittles bachelorhood comes
Evening star., 1947-02-25

To the Editor Of The STAR
To give and to receive are two differ
ent things. 1t is the serviceman OF to-
day who certainly realizes this. For
being away from home in a strange
country is new experience.
To give q few moments of your time
to writing to serviceman is one thing.
But to receive that letter brings few
moments that are cherished and remem-
bered. 1t is through that letter that we
keep in contact with the folks we so
well remember. It is through that letter
we keep on going.
So If you receive letters from service
men =. don't let them pass by and say
you'll write soon. Write now and
keep their spirits high. :. 1t will be so
appreciated.
PVT. WILLIAM J. BAER,
Hist Signal Service Co., APO 942, e
Seattle, Wash.
P. S-Yes, my home is in washington.
Sure wish was there now. BY this let
ter we hope that the folks back home
will wake up to the fact that they are
letting us down by not writing. Please
publish.
Evening star., 1947-02-25

tographer in attaining in his dark
room just the right degree of devel-
oping and printing of priced pic
ture. Nor will it afford him the sat
isfaction that comes from doing the
job with his own hands.
The new process undoubtedly will
have a profound effect on the cam
era and darkroom industries, how
ever, the full effects of which can
not be measured until the new cam
eras are on the market. And the
inventor is not yet willing to venture
a guess when commercial production
can be started. 1t would be well,
meanwhile, not to discard ones reg
ular camera or darkroom facilities.
Evening star., 1947-02-25
The New British Dunkirk


Britain's grave economic crisis the
Times of London spoke with somber
hopefulness of a great united effort
by all Britons to ride out the storm.
"The 'Dunkirk spirit" it said, SIS
not dead. It is latent, ready to burst
into action when the nation is con-
vinced that it's fortunes are at
stake"
There are signs, however, that the
spirit is still largely latent. All too
many of the British people are re-
ported to lack the sense of urgency
that the situation requires. They are
said to be getting around too slowly
to the realization that they are as
badly off now-in an economic
sense-as they were-militarlly-at
the time of Dunkirk. when France
fell and they stood alone against the
fury of Hitler.
This is psychologically under
standable. All through the long war
wears, besides living under the lash
of the Luftwaffe, the British en-
dured privation and self-denial OF a
kind difficult for us to imagine here
in abundant America. With victory,
it was natural for them to look for
ward to better and happier times.
But those times are not yet theirs.
Instead, with their living STANDARDS
lower than ever in some respects
they are told that they must keep on
doing without. They are told that
they must deny themselves Things
for their own home markets, and
nroduce as never before for markets
abroad, or wind up poverty-stricken,
with all their greatness gone as a
nation.
For a people as sorely tried as the
British have been, news of this sort
must be bitterly hard to take. II
many of them react to it at first With
a feeling of deep disbelief, or if more
than a few workers regard it as wild
talk by employers trying to frighten
them. that is not altogether amaz-
ing. Nobody likes to believe the
worst: it is easier to take refuge In
the feeling that things are never SO
bad as they seem. Yet the people OF
Britain must face the grim facts
sooner or later. Their Labor govern
ment and all their best-informed
authorities outside the government
have made clear that this really is
their second Dunkirk and that ma
tional survival depends on every
Briton working harder to produce
more in order to expand exports and
get the wherewithal to save the
home economy from catastrophe
collapse.
Facts on foreign exchange and ex-
port-import needs do not have the
same dramatic impact as figures on
shattered military might. But the
British nevertheless must read the
economic statistics in terms of an
emergency that can ruin them-and
weaken democracy everywhere-un-
less there is an all-out drive to do
what the emergency demands. Con-
sidering what they have gone
through already, probably no free
people have ever been asked to do
quite so much. It is test calling for
the full reserves of their physical
and spiritual resources, and our own
interests are so involved in it that
we may find ourselves obliged to
lend a further helping hand.
Evening star., 1947-02-25
Two

Into the sky NTH dread and reverent
stare
He looks, piercing the void to its outer
briUl-
Past sun and moon and nebuln to tCitere
Old systems end and 1ue1o ones stape
their limb.
Chill goes his cheek and damp his hair,
The sweat OF nwtul thought makes
lean his face,
He knows-O Godi-he knotos out there
A million DorIds like his dot space
Himself minute and q grass MS
Across the road, his neighbor sleeps till
morn.
His days ,oork done, untronbled, takes
his ease:
Sape in some silly dream, perhaps, hs
sees
The cut norm toothin1 at his corn:
or. waking. wonders II the rabbits
pr,a,o his peas.
RALPH WEBSTER GILMAN.
Evening star., 1947-02-25
Protest From a Small Corner

To the Editor OF The Star.
From my small corner I lift my voice
to protest against the italian treaty. 1t
has been signed, but under protest" I
am sure that Mr.. Byrnes did the very
best he could and honor him for his
fight against the power that would grind
the smaller countries into dust. But
every right-thinking American should
do his best to let the world know how
unrighteous it is for the larger nations
to rule the world without due recogni-
ton of the smaller powers.
"A wayfaring man though fool"
must know that Italy did much to help
the Allies after the invasion and suf-
fered greatly from American bombing
and other forms of warfare. No country
can escape devastation when 1t is fought
over back and forth many months. Why
should the stricken land have to pay
Russia anything? Why should Tito be
allowed to hold Italy by the throat?
And why should Italy be further I'M
Evening star., 1947-02-25
Seeks 25-Year Retirement

Seeks 25-Year Retirement
To the Editor Of The Star:
1t Is hoped that early action will be
taken by the Eightieth Congress In
amending the civil service retirement
law. A fair and equitable retirement
law should be based on term OF service
not age. This principle is followed by the
armed services, both the Army and Navy,
which permit voluntary retirement after
20 years of service, regardless of age.
Since working for the Federal Govern
ment in civilian capacity is just as
Evening star., 1947-02-25
How to Lift Wages
Prom the Hamilton Spectator.

Prom The Hamilton Spectator.
For practical, up-to-date ilustra-
ton of how wages can be lifted by high
production, we suggest look at some
of the experiments which are now get
ting so much attention in the United
States Iincoln Electric and New Beth
lehem are standards) whereby increased
production per man through incentive
methods has raised wages, lowered
prices and generally resulted in spec
tacular gains Contrast this with feath-
erbedding, make work." showdown
policies which have been SO fashionable,
and figure out by which a worker gains
most. 1t shouldn't be hard.
Evening star., 1947-02-25
Chance Still Needed

There are those who argue that
because the National Labor Rela
tions Board reversed itself in a
recent decision there is no need to
amend the Wagner Act to protect
employers against strikes designed
to compel them to violate the law.
The facts of the case point, how
ever, to quite different conclusion.
A Detroit employer had been
ordered by the board to deal with
an independent union as the repre-
sentative Of his employees. The
employer was required by the
Wagner Act to obey that order. But
a CIO union, also desiring to repre-
sent the employers workers, called
strike, the purpose of which was
to compel the employer to violate
the law and treat with the CIO
group.
The board first dealt with this sit
uation in another case in 1914,
holding that workers participating
In such a strike were not entitled to
the protection of the Wagner Act.
The man who was then chairman
of the board dissented.
Last August a similar case came
before the board, and the members,
under a new chairman, split three
ways on the question. Board Mem
ber Reilly, who has since resigned,
wanted to deny the strikers the
protection of the act. Board Mem
ber Houston wanted to reinstate
them with back pay. The new
chairman, Mr.. Herzog, undertook to
steer a middle course, proposing
that the strikers be reinstated, but
without back pay. This view pre-
vailed.
BY the end of November, however,
Chairman Herzog began to be
afflicted with doubt and the case
was reopened.
The record shows that the Detroit
employer, after the strike had been
called offered to re-employ the
strikers II they would call off the
strike and return to their jobs. This
offer was accepted, but the strike
was not called off, so the exasper-
ated employer announced that the
men were fired and would stay fired.
To Chairman Herzog, in his first
decision, this was equivalent to
condoning the strike, and hence his
conclusion that the men should get
their jobs back, but without back
pay. On second thought, however,
Mr.. HerZog concluded that the en-
ployer's effort to settle the dispute
was not equivalent to condoning the
strike, and he now holds that the
strikers are not entitled either to
reinstatement or back pay. Board
Member Houston, incidentally, would
still give them both.
The obvious conclusion from all
of this is not that the law is clear
and settled, but that the members
of the board, and especially the
chairman, are very uncertain in
their own minds as to its real mean
ing. And If it is not the desire Of
Congress to encourage strikes de-
signed to compel employers to violate
the Wagner Act, then the law should
be amended to make that unmis-
49, a1eop
Evening star., 1947-02-25
Soldiers Mother Protests

Soldiers Mother Protests
To the Editor OF The Star:
After listening to all the Army en-
listment sales talk on the radio, and
what we read in the paper, my hus-
band and I thought it would be Won
derful thing for our boy to enlist as
that's all he talked about. After four
weeks training in Texas he was shipped
to Japan and he has only received four
of our letters out of about so that were
mailed to him airmail. They talk about
high morale in the Army and I
thought mail from home helped that
He hasn't been paid since leaving the
States on December and yet the Army
authorities wonder why they have black
markets over there. Maybe some one IN
the War Department can solve this.
A MOTHER OF TWO VETERANS.
Evening star., 1947-02-25
Pity a Poor Pedestrian

To the Editor Of The Star:
Some one has said. in effect, that
most auto drivers were pedestrians 30
minutes ago, and therefore not neces-
sarily in a distinct class; but even SO,
same under certain circumstances, re-
gardless of whether he may be part
time or full-time shoe leather pas
senger."
Any one who had occasion to cross
Evening star., 1947-02-25

from narrow mind or q misunder-
standing of life
Having lived here four or more years
and in congested quarters most of the
time, there is nothing about the manner
and mode Of the living habits and mod
esty of our young married people that
would entice q bachelor into welded
life. Besides that, 1t is about time that
our young people quit ignoring the bach
elor as If he were mud. and then fall
all over the married man just because
he is married
T. FRANCIS MCCARTHY.
Evening star., 1947-02-25
Letters From Readers to The Sta
The Llienthal Conference.-The Hungry Soldiers
Failure to Clean Streets-An Angry Bachelor

poverished by having her ships taken
away from her?
With all this punishment how can the
country expect to become a free and
self-respecting nation?
MRS. META FOLGER TOWNSEND.
Lenoir, N. c.
Evening star., 1947-02-25
We know this Is very unusual request
br1f

We know this Is q very unusual request
but we hope you'll come through
Thanking you!
GEE" WOODY, Sic,
IT. II In, blond hair, age 20.
DON MARTIN, S1Ic,.
5 It. 81 In, brown hair, age 10.
JACK SIMMONS, F1/c,
S #. 8 in, black hair, age II.
SPARKS" BRADDOCK, EM2Ic,
5 it. 10 in, reddish hair, age %.
1T. "AL" KREINBURG,
S IT. II in, brown hair, age %.
CARLTON RIBONSON, STM1/c,
Colored, age 20.
U. S. S. PCS 1449, Care OF F. p. O.,
San Francisco, Calf.
Evening star., 1947-02-25
No Letter-Still Waiting

To the Editor Of The Star:
We Of the PCS stationed in Attu,
the further island in the Aleutian chain,
would like to know If you could help
us get mail. We are snowbound, lonely
and the weather here Is the worst in
the world. We have storms with no.
knot winds. There's no outdoor life
whatsoever; therefore, we have formed a
mo Letter Yet, Still Waitin'" Club. If
possible we'd like to hear from girls be-
tween the ages of 1S and %. We are
between 10 and %. Also, If the girls can
send snapshots it would be appreciated.
Evening star., 1947-02-25

rents arouses definite sense of injus-
tice in my consciousness.
What do these landlords consider q
reasonable return on their property?
They have enjoyed reasonable return
all along, for they have made no repairs.
and collectively adopted the slogan, 1.-THE
tenants be damned" I have lived in
one apartment for seven years, during
which time it has never been entered
either by the owners or the representa-
tives of the house, and not one particle
of painting or repairing has been done.
though +. have repeatedly approached
them for such. I have been advised that
in view of the low rentals I must pay for
anything I desire in the apartment,
whether needful or otherwise. Yet brazen
landlords demand more rent; meanwhile
advancing the argument that labor has
advanced prices. This despite the indis-
putable fact that landlords are not call
ing on painters, paper hangers and such
for services.
Even If permitted this much -to-be-de-
sired relief graft would not the land
lords accept it and still refuse to make
any repairs, forcing the tenant to endure
the continued lack of attention to
necessary repairs? Is not some relief in
order for the tenant? G. M.
Evening star., 1947-02-25

. A Tenant Hits Back
To the Editor OF The Star:
The oft repeated recommendations
for a general IS per cent increase in
Evening star., 1947-02-25
Wonders About Boys Who Steal


To the Editor Of The Star:
Five teen-age boys recently wanted
something to do" SO they went out
and stole. They took for themselves
what others had worked and saved and
sacrificed to buy. Let's see just what
these boys decided to do" for them
selves and others.
/. They made themselves thieves. No
one did that to them. 1t was their
choice.
2. They made their fathers and moth
ers the parents of thieves, of stealers.
3. These boy thieves will grow up and
marry. Will they marry girls who, like
themselves, are stealers? Or will they
marry some decent and honest girls
ard make them the wives Of men whose
highest boyhood ambition and achieve
ment was to steal, to be thieves?
H. When they have married, they
will have children. Children have
right to be well born. These boys have
insured that their babies will be born
the sons and daughters OF thieves.
S. These boys are typical of the hun
dreds of thousands of teen-agers whose
mean and vicious crimes are blazoned
in the press from day to day. When
will the homes, the schools, and the
churches teach honesty, decency and
helpfulness, which are the foundations
of character and good citizenship?
CARLETON R. BALL.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-07-23
INVENTION

The jack-in-the-pulpit flower is
thought to have been the inspira-
ton for the carrying-card of the
Iroquois Indians, and both are
known to the tribe as Kah-ah-
hon-sah.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-07-23

According to legend, the Arabi-
an Nights'10O1 Tales was written
in Java, where a nightly sultan
lived.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-07-23

Try at Tow CLOCK 1ontR1f
breakers hotel, Wilmington
VIEW officials announced
light.
,sclal bus will leave for the
from the Macmillan and
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-07-23

Cameron station, Third and Chest
nut streets, at 7 O'clock.
Movies and other entertainment
are included on the program.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-07-23
GHT

Of the
573, Vet
and its
al to attend
Evening star., 1947-08-05

The exhibit, which is part of the
10th anniversary Of the AAF, was
brought here in seven truck and
trailer units from Wright Field,
Dayton, Ohio. 1t is one OF five
shows, the others being at Scott
Field, ILL.,. Kansas City. Mo-, Bed
ford, Ind, and Wright Field.
1t is in charge of Capt. Charles
w. Stoner. who is slated to 60 to
Alaska this winter. Aiding him are
seven enlisted men from the Air
Research and Development Unit az
Wright Field, and four civilians.
The civilians are Stephen A. Sa-
liga, artist designer; Harry s. James,
technician dealing especially with
the P-s0; Oren Mikes, display tech
nician, and Mr.. jefferson.
Among the AAF personnel are
Evening star., 1947-08-05
Sixth of Timber in One Stote

About one-sixth of the total stand
ing saw timber in tn United States,
exclusive of Alaska, is in Washington
state. q
Evening star., 1947-08-05
u. S. Forest Land

Of the $50 million acres of forest
land in the United States, about 462
miiion acres are classified as COM
mercial timber.