davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-04-06
By Lief Erickson

SAIGON, Indo China.-Histori-
cally, the French In Indo-C China are
junior and laggard colonial power
and Wet Nam is an unruly but
muscular brat of q nationalist
movement.
These are basic reasons why the
conflict Of colonialism VS.. nation
alism is sharper in Indo-China
and why an ultimate peaceful solu-
ton may be more difficult to achieve
than elsewhere in Southeast Asia.
Compared with the Indonesians
Burmese and Indians, the Wet Nam
Nationalist movement is like child
giant, pituitary circus freak which
mushroomed into mature physical
size and obstreperous ambition
without time or opportunity to at
tain mature responsibility.
French Rule Short.
Compared with the Dutch IN
Indonesia and the British in Burma,
India and Malaga, the French are
"Johnnies- come lately" The French
moved into Saigon and Cochin China
in 1861 and took over control Of
Cambodia in 1862. Not until 1884
only 81 years ago-did they estab-
lish their influence In Tonkin-
northernmost of the Annamite
countries and the cradle of Wet
Nam nationalism.
Even during Frances relatively
short rule, Indo- China has been
plagued by a startling inconsistency
in policy. In the 40 years between
1886 and 1926 there were Sc changes
of governors general in Indo- China,
paralleling almost as frequent
changes in colonial ministers at
Paris. ,
On the other side of the fence
the Wet Namese, unlike the Ma
tionalists Of Indonesia and Burma,
failed to profit in experience from
four years Of Japanese occupation.
When the Japanese overran the
Netherlands East Indies in 1912,
they Immediately enlisted the col
laboration of DR.. Soekarno, the In
donesia Nationalist leader.
Japs Tossed Out French.
In Burma they employed the CO.
operation of native Nationalists like
U Aung San. Through nearly four
war years, therefore, Indonesian
and Burmese nationalism was en-
couraged while their former rulers
were imprisoned. ..
In Indo-C China the Japanese, in
stead of expelling the French, found
it simpler and more convenient to
let the Vichy-subservient admin
istrators carry on for them. Japa-
nese occupation did not give four
years building time to the Anna
mite Nationalists who had attempt
ed few feeble and futile uprisings
from 1906 to 1882.
Growing nervous over the accel-
Grating American drive across the
Pacific, the Japanese on March 8,
1945, threw out the French function
Evening star., 1947-04-06

agents have been sent to China to
track down the source. No luck so
far.
IT'S "TEW" BILL
The long-range housing bill intro
duced last year by Senators Wag-
ner, EIlender and Taft was known
as the wet" bill, from the initials Of
the sponsors.
With Republicans in power this
session, a similar bill was intro
duced, but with Senator Taft as
leading sponsor. One witness at a
hearing on the bill said he was hav-
ing difficulty learning to call it the
"EWT" bill.
He was still wrong. -
INDIAN HARMONY
NEW DELHI.-Viscount Mount
batten, in keeping with his policy OF
aiding all he can in rnifytng India
while serving as Britain's last vice.
roy, has invited governors of all
provinces to a conference the mid
die of this month. He also has In
vited Moslem and Hindu leaders to
meet with him.
GRAIN MARGINS
Recent sharp ups and downs IN
grain markets have started reports
that Secretary Of Agriculture An
derson may ask Congress for author
ity to control margins at which
spectators buy grain futures.
The Federal Reserve Board has
the power to control margins on ptlr-
chases Of stocks, but grain markets
set their own. Buyers In stock mar
kets now have to put up rs per cent
of the purchase price, but the mar
gin In most grain markets is only 2s
per cent.
IN BALANCE
The fate Of the XF-12. fastest
transport type plane yet flown, ap-
pears to lie with congressional ap-
preparations for the Army Air
Forces.
Economy-uinded American Air
lines cancelled IT, order for % RAIN
Evening star., 1947-04-06

China. IN the next 10 years france
paid little attention TO it, new
colony.
About 1880 France feared the
British would open from Burma q
transport and trade route into South
China. This inspired the French
conquest Of Tonkin. finally achieved
in 1885 after battle both with An
nanites and Chinese bandit forces.
France imposed protectorate status
ON both Tonkin and AMMAN by 1886.
Achieving this cost money. Paul
Bert, first resident general for
AMMAN -Tonkin, was told that he
must administer the territory with
its own resources and not to expect
funds from France.
In 1887 an Indo-C Chinese union
was created embracing Tonkin. An
nam, Canbodia and Laos. Not until
several years later did Paul Doumer,
the first governor general, succeed
in building an effective union ad-
ministration.
Leadership Uncertain.
Hos first Wet Nam government
has been efficient In the revolution
ary techniques Of organizing guer-
rilla forces. spreading ambition
instilling propaganda, and persuad-
ing their reluctant countrymen with
terror tactics Working with Ho
from the start was cadre OF An
Mantle revolutionaries personally
trained by him in the Soviet-spon-
sored Whampoa school at Canton,
which the Russian, Michael Borodin,
directed until Chang Kai-shek
ousted him from China in 1927.
But the Wet Namese leadership
resources still are extremely limited
in administrators and executives ex-
perienced in ideas of stable govern
ment and productive economy.
French functionaries, jealous of
their liberal salary and leave allow
ances for Asiatic service, stubbornly
opposed recruiting Annamites into
the Indo-China civil service and
particularly resisted the assignment
Of any Annamite into any govern
ment position Of rank or respon-
sibility.
As early as 1908, with the first
Nationalist violence, the French con-
cluded that western education was
bad for Annamites and closed down
for a time the recently opened Uni
versity OF Hanoi.
The French record has been one
of discouraging Annamites from
learning French and refusing them
selves, until quite recently, to master
the Annamite language. This per-
formance did not promote under
standing and no Wet Namese gov
ernment today can muster anything
like the trained personnel needed to
administer and control the country.
Second Rate Producer.
Economically, Indo-C China has been
a second-rate country compared
with her Southeast Asia neighbors,
even though Indo-C China Is South
east Asia's greatest producer of ex-
port rice and even though France
Evening star., 1947-04-06
Distributed by the Associated Press

The Senate shortly will hear
another proposal that the United
States ask the United Nations to
revise It's rules.
Senator Vandenberg, Republican.
of Michigan already has suggested
one change in rules-or at least
a suspension-in suggesting that
proposed United States aid to
Turkey and Greece be halted if
a majority of any seven Of the IL
member u. N. Security Council re-
quest it. At present the seven
would have to include all of the
Big Five" The Senate Foreign Re-
lations Committee has adopted this
plan.
The new proposal, not by Senator
Vandenberg, will seek to shift the
entire center of U. N. responsibility.
1t will ask that an issue vetoed
in the Security Council be passed on
to the U. N. Assembly, where a
two-thirds or three-fourths vote
Ito be decided by U. M could
override the veto.
It looks now as though it will
be early May before Congress makes
up its mind about the Greek
Turkish loan.
The date when the British said
they would have to stop helping
Greece, March 81, has passed and
they have agreed to give stop-gap
aid. It may cost them another
s26, ,000. 900.
PALESTINE
LONDON. A foreign Office
spokesman says Britain hopes for
preliminary United Nations action
on the Palestine problem rs early
as next month. Conclusive action
would have to wait for the regular
Assembly session In September.
Only Soviet acceptance Is needed
to call q proposed meeting Of
deputy foreign ministers 4 be to
Evening star., 1947-04-06

war epidemics, but doctors stlli are
few and hospitals still scarce. Hous-
ing is inadequate and fuel almost
nonexistent. These are ideal con-
ditions for the scourge now taking a
heavy toll Of Europe's youth and
threatening her recovery for years to
come.
An Associated Press survey OF 1S
countries which disclosed this situ-
alton found venereal disease to be
the No. 2 health problem in 1s47.
Far Under 1888 Standards.
without exception, on-the-spot re-
ports from AP correspondents
showed, Europe's health is far be-
low the standards Of 1888. In some
countries the disease rate is declin-
ing, but It still exceeds that Of pre-
war years.
But In striking contrast to the
close of World War I, and in spite OF
a historically severe winter, infiu-
enza has been held in check and no
other serious epidemic has developed.
Fearing such outbreaks, health au-
thorities in some countries have
boarded supplies Of penicillin, vac
cine and sulfonamides-science's
latest contributions to the war
against disease.
DDT, World War II discovery, Is
being used effectively against typhus,
but the disease still RACES in the
Balkans, particularly in Moldavia-
tho Death Triangle" of Northeast
ern Romania where millions died In
World War I.
Not ALI Black.
Some plain-spoken Government
authorities say the war set back Eu-
ropes fight for health is or 20
years. But not all the picture is
black.
Britain Italy and Spain appar-
entity already are on the way to re-
covery.
Despite cold, hunger and shortages
of doctors and hospital facilities,
Italy's birth rate Is UP and the
death rate down.
Spain, almost isolated from the
rest of Europe, is recovering steadily
from the effects of its civil war.
Statistics for last yea- are not COM
Evening star., 1947-04-06

consider the future OF Itallan
colonies. ..
DOUBLE-HEADER
LAKE SUCCESS, N. Y.-Whether
Soviet Delegate Gromyko will pitch
in both of two big United Nations
games tomorrow Is not certain, but
he is sure to go to the mound in
the nightcap to toss some curves
at United States Delegate Austin
on the Americana Greek Turkish
problem.
This will be in the Security
Council. The morning will see dis
cussion in the commission on con-
ventional tnon-atomic) armaments.
FLYING BOAT INQUIRY
The Forthcoming Senate investi-
CATION of the 100000 land then
some) flying boat built = by Howard
Hughes is expected to bring out some
helpful information on problems in
volved in building very large air.
craft.
For instance, it has usually been
held that the weight-saving advan-
tage Of flying boats hull over the
wheels of a land plane would in
crease indefinitely with the size OF
the plane.
Mr.. Hughes has concluded that
eventually the weight of the wings
will offset this advantage.
Another interesting problem: The
outboard engines in the Hughes boat
(there are four of 5000 horsepower
in each wing are SO far from the
cockpit that new controls must be
developed to assure coordination OF
all engines.
PHoNY MONEY
Secret Service Chief Maloney told
Senators the Treasury Department
may Withdraw an entire issue Of $50
bills because Chinese counterfeiters
have produced such excellent imita-
tions.
Producing . sample Of tte orien-
tai craftsmanship, Mr.. Mal(ne said
Evening star., 1947-04-06
LOOKING AHEAD BY World Staff of Associated Press

bows, transport version of the XF-
IL, designed as photo reconnais-
sance plane.
This left too few planes on order
to justify production. Abandoning
the Rainbow would mean leaving
the British with the best prospects
in the 400-mile-an-hour transport
field.
ECONOMY
The Post Office Department saved
labor on the new small-sized scent
airmail stamp. The design is the
same as the larger scent stamp,
trimmed on each side.
PRESIDENTIAL TERM
Unless several State Legislatures
hold special sessions, no final action
is possible this year on the proposed
constitutional amendment to limit
future Presidents to Q maximum of
10 years. Thirty-six must ratify it.
Eighteen have already adjourned,
taking no action.
LATIN AMERICAN BRIEFS
SANTTAGO-"P Possibility of new
private investments" was mentioned
In the announcement that q three
man Chilean economic commission
had left for the United States.
MEXICO CITY. - The Foreign
ONCE denies any oficial informa-
ton on q British commission re-
ported leaving soon for Mexico to
discuss settlement OF claims arising
from 1898 appropriation OF foreign
owned oil lands. (Similar denials
have come from London.)
FRANKFURT.-Maj. Gen. John
F. Wood, deputy chief Of German
field operations for ths Inter- Gov
ernmental Committee on Refugees,
says further emigration Of displaced
persons to Brazil Will depend on
how the first shipment Of 5000
sailing IN May, get along.
Evening star., 1947-04-06
By George Tscksr

merchant shipbuilding . In any
shipyard in the United States"
The tragedy Of sporadic fieet
building, according to study Of the
merchant marine problem by the
Harvard Business School, Is that
fleets which are built as unit de-
cay the same way.
Fleets must reproduce them-
selves : :. If no ships are built be-
cause the country has more than II
can use, the art Of shipbuilding and
ship designing can soon be lost"
The Harvard report declared that
continued operations Of shipyards
located with view to regional ball
ance," was an essential to national
security since it would assure q
nucleus OF skilled personnel and
management In time OF war.
After the First World War ths
policy of selling ships to foreign
countries was discouraged but under
the provisions Of the Merchant Ship
Sales Act Of 1945 the United States
has been selling hundreds Of ships
to all comers-foreign flags as well
as private United States buyers.
As Of January l, this year, 81 had
been sold to France, 10 to Greece,
| 23 to the Netherlands, 20 to Nor
way, 26 to Panama, 8 to Italy, 10 TO
Honduras, 2 to Egypt. 3 to Chile, 9
to Great Britain, 8 to Argentina, Z
| to Belgium, to Canada and ! to
Denmark.
In the reserve feet, which NUM-
bered 1,738 ships Of all types at the
first Of the year, there were SSl Lib
critics and 328 tankers.
distributed b. The 46sosisssd ysssaa
Evening star., 1947-04-06
tuberculosis Ravishing
Undernourished Europe
White Plague Again Becomes Continents
Worst Killer Among Ill.Fed Millions
Despite Efforts of Relief Groups
By Tom Williams

LoNDoN-The white Of tuberculosis forsing among mil
people has reversed the downward trend OF
century and again is continents No 1 killer.
Combined efforts American Red Cross and other
relief agencies so far creeping spread
Modern medicine
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-12-25

had the 81 for the kids"
'But all the time l knew was
doing wrong"
After hearing Mrs. Ballard's
confirm alton of her hus-
bands story, Durham went back
to the jail. He had Ballard re-
leased in his custody. Outside,
the veteran cop slipped his pri-
soner a $40 bill.
Yesterday Ballard appeared
before Judge Alex Clark on the
petty larceny charge. But no one
would testify against him.
Stanford said he didn't want to
press the charge. Durham said
it was Ballard's first arrest and
that he wasn't the type that
that would steal ordinarily.
The Judge decided to with
hold judgment in the case. He
told Ballard to 60 home an go
to work.
When Ballard reached the lit
tie apartment, his wife told him
that Durham had already visited
the place a second time. This
time he took the baby to a hos
would steal ordinarily.
On the kitchen table stood a
huge basket of groceries
and candy. The card on it read
''from grocer Lloyd Stanford
with nv compliments"
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-12-25
COP, GROCER
JUDGE HELD MAN
WHO STOLE FOOD

INDIANAPOLIS, Dec. "a. W.p
- A husky Negro policeman, a
judge and kind-hearted grocer
Joined forces today to provide a
happy Christmas for the family
OF a man who stole to provide
them with food on Christmas
day.
The story began two nights age
when Patrolman Jacques Dur.
ham was walking his beat He
saw a man run out of a grocery
store The grocer, Lloyd Stan
ford, followed, shouting:
"Stop than man - he didn't
pay for his groceries "
Durham yanked out his pistol
and fired twice into the air. The
man slipped on the ice and bis
box Of groceries flew through
the air. spilling cans and bottles
over The sidewalk.
The officer collared the man,
who identified himself as Walter
Ballard, IS, welder. Durham
took him to police station
Then the officer started home
But on his way, he thought
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-12-25
NATHAN BENJAMIN
FUTRELLE

Funeral services for Nathan
BENJAMIN Futrelle, 78, who dice
,+ his residence, 1905 Caroline
Ave., were held yesterday aft
.'olock, were held this aft
srnoon at $3.50 o'clock from the
yopp Funeral Home. The Rev
T. B. Fisher officiated anc
interment followed in Oak
dale cemetery.
Mr.. Futrelle was a retired en-
olovee of the ACL Railroad Co.
and previous to retirement hac
worked with the company for 4t
wears. He was a member of Trim.
ity Methodist church.
Active pallbearers were
P W. Bethea, w. E. Hand
Martin V. Bennett Archie Carr.
Hargrove Taylor, Thomas J
Morris.
Honorary palibearers wer.
Dr.. H. A. Codington, Macor
Womble, K. w. Price. w. D. Nc.
Craig, and McC. B. Wilson.
Surviving are his wife, Mrs
Ella Futrelle; daughter, Mrs
Theodore Hashagen; two sons
W Leon and Norwood B. Flu.
trelle, all Of this city; two sisters
Mrs. J. w. Sneeden of West End
and Mrs. Sallie Humphrey o1
this city.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-12-25
MRS. C. L. WOODS

HILLSBORO, Dec. "a. - Mrs
c. L. Woods, 80, of Route one
Durham, died at Watts hospital
Durham, Tuesday morning al
$50 a. m, after an illness Of
three days.
She was the daughter of Lille
Griffin and the late Robert Grit
fin Of Orange county. She was
an employee of American Tobac'
co Co., of Durham, and a mem
Der Of Mount Herman Baptist
church, She is survived by he1
husband, c. L. Woods, mother
Mrs. Lille Griffin, two daughters
Mrs. Carl Amstone and Miss Mil
dFed Woods, both of Durham, six
SISTERS, Mrs. Wilbur Hester, Mrs
vance Couch, Mrs. c. R. Miller
MIS-, Dan Paschell, Mrs. H. I
holloway and Miss Annie Bel.
1rlftln, all Of Durham, five broth.
efS' D. E., l. j., c. R., J. D. Grif
IN, all Of Durham, and c. E.
Gflftln Of Penna; one granc
child.
Funeral services will be con
aucted Thursday afternoon at Z
m from the Mount Herman
osptlst church, conducted by the
osV, w. II. Rittenhouse, and Rev
raul Hester. Interment will be iL
4V church cemetery. The body
I'll lie in state at the church
one hour before services.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-12-25
Obituaries
JAMES THOMAS BONEY

Funeral services for James
rhomas Boney, 81, 211 N. Ninth
c. who died in Mercy hospita.
ot' ~ Charlotte Monday morning
at a 9 o'clock after a long illness
nore held this afternoon
" 2 o'clock from the Graveside
The IL Rev. Reid Newland, pastor
Il Bethany Presbyterian church
" 0otfficiated and intermen-
allowed in the Rockfisf
aemetary at Wallace.
The funeral cortege lefr
+be Harrell- -Coble funeral home
at o'clock.
Mr. Boney is survived by his
,oother. Mrs. Willie Boney
nrother, A. S. H. Boney; three
sisters. Mrs. Francis Diggers
Mrs. Mary D. Johnson, and Mrs
Mildred johnson, all Of this city
Active pallbearers were Leor
Carr Paul Smith, Gene K. Her
rine, Maurice Haskell, Robert
powden and Harry Bowden.
Honorary pallbear rs were
Vance Thompson, Marshall Carr
r. william Farrar, DR.. Robin.
am. Lucian 7ells, Jack Carr
lawrence Bowden, N. B. Has
Eett, Sprun:: Wells, Norwood Will
iiams Edward Williams, Richard
povce and Caldwell Smith.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-12-25
over the story Ballard had told

over the story Ballard had told
him while they were en- route to
the police station. Finally he
swung his car around and
stopped at the modest two-room
apartment where Ballard lived.
He found Ballard's wife, Dar-
lene, q, sitting up with their sick
three year old baby, Diana.
Their son, David, Z, was asleep
on a couch.
Mrs. Ballard told Durham that
the family came here year ago
from Cleveland where Ballard
had owned a garage and was do
ing well. Hard times ht them
after they moved
Ballard became sick. First he
had pneumonia. Then he lost
part of a thumb when a welding
torch burned him. Later the in
jury became infected.
In his spare time, he tried to
build the family house. His
sickness and injuries kept him
from finishing it, forcing them to
60 ca living in the expensive lit
tie apartment.
Then the baby became sick.
On Monday, Ballard called doc
tor. The doctor said the baby
needed hospital attention. Bal
lard paid the doctor four of his
last Sc.
With the remaining 81, he set
out to buy food for the family.
Maybe, he thought, there'd be a
little left over to buy candy for
the kids.
But there wasn't. All went for
a basket of staples. AS he wait
ed to pay the clerk walked down
to the far emu of the counter.
"1t looked so easy" Ballard
said later. 81 just grabbed the
box and ran out the door. still
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-12-25
Suit Filed Against
Coast Line RR II ere

A suit for $4,000 was filed
against the Atlantic Coast Line
Railroad company yesterday by
Alex F. Benton, 81, Of Mason
boro Sound, who claimed that
his back was permanently in
jured when he helped lift an 300
pound box of tools in July, 1945.
Claiming that the company
was negligent in not providing
the proper help, Benton said that
he was helping two other men
and a 17-year-old boy lift the
box from a freight car when the
weight of the box caused the
other men to loosen their holds
and throw most of the weight
upon Benton.
Attorneys for Benton are
Aaron Goldberg and w. L. Farm
er.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-12-25
MRS. MARY E. YATES

Mrs. Mary Elizabeth Yates,
widow of John Yates, died yes
terday afternoon at her home, 229
Vance street, following a lengthy
illness.
Mrs. Yates, who was rs years
old, was a lifelong resident of
Wilmington. She was a member
Of the Church of the Good Shep-
herd.
She is survived by one brother,
W. H. Merritt, of Hayward, Cali
iornia, and several nieces and
nephews,
Funeral services will be con-
Quoted from the Yopp Funeral
home Friday morning at II
o'clock with the Rev. H. w.
Glazier, rector of the Church of
the Good Shepherd, officiating.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-12-25
John w. HOOD

CHADBOURN, Dec. 24-Fun-
eral service for John Wesley
Hood, 81, of Chadbourn Route /,
who died unexpectedly Monday
afternoon about 4:30 while out in
the field at work, was held
Wednesday afternoon at 2:3G
o'clock from the Brownsville
Baptist church near Blenhin S.
c. by Rev. Boyd McColl. Burial
was to be in the church cemetery
Survived by his wife, Mrs.
Floria Hood of Chadbourn,
Route 1; Five sons R. E. Hood
of Blenhin, S. c., Bill Hood Of
Chadbourn, J. H. Hood of Blen-
hin, S. c., J. L. Hood of Chad
bourn, Jeff Hood of Chadbourn;
five daughters, Mrs. Bessie
Godhalt of Marion, Mrs. Cornell
Herring of Fayetteville, Mrs.
Rosa Lee Hodge of Belnhin, SC,
Mrs. Mary Sue Cashwell
of Whiteville, Route 4, Mrs.
Carry Mae Blackburn, Loris, S.
c.: one brother, Mr.. c. H. Hood
of Blenhin, S. c.: three sisters.
Mrs. Hester Hodge of Blenhin
S. c., Miss Katie Louise Hood.
of Blenhin, S. c., Mrs. Neal Can
nady, of Lancaster S.. c.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-12-25
MRS. ELLA X. MOORE

NEW BERN, Dec. "a - Mrs.
Ella King Moore, 76, widow OF
Larry I. Moore, died suddenly
of a heart attack Monday night
at her home here. The funeral
was held at 2 o'clock Wed
nesday afternoon from the res
idence with interment in Cedar
Grove cemetery.
A native of Pitt county, Mrs.
Moore had resided here for 40
wears. Her husband was a
prominent attorney and state
senator. He died last January.
Surviving are a daughter,
Mrs. D. c. McCotter, Jr., OF
New Bern: two sons; Thomas
o. Moore, vice president and
general counsel for the P. II:
Hanes Knitting company OF
Winston Salem, and state repre-.
sentative Larry I. Moore. Jr., OF
Wilson; five grand children and
one siser, Mrs. George B.
King. of Washington D. c.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-12-25
TAIROT X. BOYETTE

FLOYD, Dec. "a. - Talbot X.
Boyette, 68, died at his home near
Rose Hill early Wednesday morn
ing after an illness of five weeks:
Funeral services will be held
at the home of Mrs. M. ]. Han
chev near Rose Hill, Thursday at
ternoon at o'clock by the Rev.
J. v. Case, pastor of the Rose
Hill Baptist church. Burial will
be in the Rose Hill cemetery.
He is survived by his wife, the
former Lula Browr of Rose Hill !;
two brothers, Lloyd Boyette and
John A. Boyette, Jr., both OF
Warsaw three sisters, Mrs. Mag
Bland of Wallace, Mrs. Abner
Phillips and Mrs. Claude Scott,
both of Warsaw; number OF
nieces and nephews.