davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-10-10
Let San Murino Join

San Marino should be allowed to join the
United Nations at the earliest practicable
moment 1t is to be hoped that its rejec-
ton the other day on a technicality will
not discourage this smallest and Oldest re-
public in the world from reapplying for
membership. San Marino may have some
thing constructive to offer to the U. N. For
1t is an interesting object lesson in ma
tionalistic independence-an independence
that has survived all of Europe's conflicts
since its founding in the fourth century
The U. N. secretariat, in turning down
San Marines application because it was
improperly signed, apparently left the way
open for the little country to resubmit it
later in proper form. 1t seems that San
Marino lacking an ambassador in the
United States, authorized its honorary
consul in New York City-an American
citizen-to sign the paper Rules of the
U. ~ require that such paper must be
signed by the head of the state or at least
its prime minister. Since the San Marino
form of government provides for two re-
gents or "presidents,' the application
should be coming back in few weeks with
duGIlGllUlCdGlOll Ill uOuUlC lllCdOu
Few European states have cherished and
guarded their freedom more and with
greater success than San Marino Perched
high in the Apennines, about 40 miles
north of Rome, the country has an area of
only 38 square mileS-about half the size
of the District of Columbia. It's latest
census count was 14,547. 1t is governed by
a popularly elected council of sixty repre-
sentatives, two of whom are appointed to
serve for six months each as regents, thus
rotating the administration among the
council members. 1t has maintained an
army" of about 1900 men, and all able
bodied men between the ages of 16 and go
are required to serve their turn under
arms. It has no public debt. Most of it's
revenues come from the sale of wine, build
ing stone and postage stamps. The latter
are changed often to promote the interest
of foreign stamp collectors. Formerly it
derived considerable income from the
award of titles on a fee basis.
The forebears of todays inhabitants of
San Marino were freedom loving people
who preferred to make their wines and
tend their hocks and keep aloof from the
swirl of international events. They sue
ceeded in avoiding ENHANCEMENT in the
controversies of the Middle Ages. Napo-
leon issued orders that their independence
be respected. In the First World War the
Germans accused San Marino of espionage
activities, probably because of its friend
ship for the Italians who surrounded it.
In World War II Nazi troops invaded the
republic, but they were driven out a
month later, in September. 1914, by the
British. San Marino then declared war on
Germany.
On its record and by every standard of
national stability, culture. pride and pres
tige. San Marino is fully entitled to take its
seat among other sovereign states at the
Evening star., 1947-10-10

lottesville says we are in bad shape. Okay'
but nevertheless, business Is gotten by prom
ise of returning work on time.
Maybe, sir, you can delve into this afro
cious mess and get some one IN real authority
to give me an answer. This instance proved
very sickening and seems to show our mails IN
need of reform and some real old-fashloned
firing" This has been extremely embarrass-
ing and, unfortunately, is only one instance
of rotten service.
What do I have to do to stir Things up!
am sick of it. " II.
Evening star., 1947-10-10
Letters to The Star
Another Investigation Proposed

@AiOtuSl 1uRSSuSdtloll IOpOSS0
To the Editor of The STAR
Why is 1t, when the country is enjoying one
of It's greatest periods of employment, that
there is SO much gloom about concerning the
future of the country? Why is fear again
being preached on all sides? Why are there so
many bears" among financial advisers?
The general public does not realize that
financial advisers can break our present pros
perity. They all are predicting an early COL
lapse.
Perhaps, it would be worth while to have
a congressional investigation into these expert
advisers and find out the real motive behind
their gloomy predictions, really learn why
they are selling their country short. Can it
be that Moscow is debating their policy? Can
it be that Moscow wants depression in the
United States? Can it be that these financial
advisers are paid agents of the Soviets?
Congress should investigate the spreaders Of
fear, fear and more fear. j. H. WOODS.
Evening star., 1947-10-10
Moths in Grains

To the Editor of The STAR fs.E
i Another way to save grain for the hungry
people of the world including ourselves is to
compel millers and other professors OF gram
products to protect 1t from the little white
shiny-winged moth or fly and other such pests
that deposit their eggs in the finished product
as they fit around the mills.
Thousands of bushels of grain are wasted
yearly by worms that are Matched from these
eggs deposited in the corn meal, wheat flour.
wheat germ, rice polishings, and other nutrients
that are added to the flour for our bread, as
we'll as most all cereals And now, since
nutrients are added to the flour, even more
bags are wasted where formerly no worms ever
were seen. The moths know where to deposit
their eggs. They never would deposit them IN
a devitalized substance where their young
would have no food. In this they are wiser
than most human beings, for we have eaten
devitalized flour for years, until it took a war
to show us that we were starving in a land OF
plenty, as evidenced by the number of men
rejected by the Army. And now, since We are
adding enrichment to the -four 1t is devitalized
again by the worms that eat up the nutriment
before we have chance at It.
Now, does that show intelligence? We take
out of the food all the nourshment intended
for our health and well being; we put back into
the -four nutrients containing the eggs of the
moths, then we let the worms devour the
nutrients placed back in the flour, and where
are we? Have you ever examined closely flour
in which the weevils had been? Take up a
handful, squeeze it and see it fall apart in
stantly There is no body to it, 1t is dead.
Time and time again I have taken back
to the grocer bags of corn meal and flour that
contained worms. The grocer probably sends
it back to the millers who in turn, may put it
in bags with new meal and sell it again. Nine
tenths of the population do not know just
where the fault lies. If they were not so ignor-
ant OF how the worms get into their food, they
would try to do something about it. There
positively is no excuse for an enlightened
country to tolerate such conditions.
If millers and others who process food were
compelled by law to protect the food, seeing
that every grain was sound and clean and that
no grain or product was spilled or left lying
around, this waste could be eliminated.
W. D.
Evening star., 1947-10-10
Weather Note

Even the Weather Bureau staff seems to
have believed that Mark Twain was the
author of the famous declaration: Every
body talks about the weather, but nobody
does anything about it," The creator of
Huck just naturally appears to be the right
man to have made such an observation.
He had genius for real folk wit. Simply
on the theory that he ought to have been
responsible for the axiom, people have
supposed that he actually was its father.
But now comes Charles Honce of New
York, writing in the Baltimore Sun, to the
effect that Mark is innocent. The Oft
quoted comment about popular neglect of
reform of meteorological conditions, he
insists, was penned by Charles Dudley
Warner, a native of Plainfield Massachu-
sets, born September IL, 1929, who, having
been educated for the practice of law,
chose journalism instead and was men,
ber of the staff of the Hartford Press from
1860 to 1867 and of that of the Hartford
Courant from 1857 until his death on
October 20, 1900. An editorial, published,
according to Mr. Honce, about $780," con-
tanned the quoted gem.
This explanation easily may be correct.
Warner could have invented it every bit
as much as his friend and sometime col
league Twain He was humorist with the
best of the lot Critics have compared his
work with Chaucers and with Lambs and
the implied compliment was merited He
deserves to be remembered with the top
literary practitioners of his generation.
Fifteen large volumes of his productions
were. issued in 1904, and good part OF
them still are worth reading. Perhaps his
Evening star., 1947-10-10

is 246 feet below sea level
@. What was the first Gilbert and Sullivan
production?-E. S. E.
A. William S. Gilbert and Arthur sullivan
were introduced In 1871 and their first joint
comic opera was "Thespis." In 1875, Richard
Dcyly Carte engaged them to collaborate for
him in the production of curtain raiser. The
result was Trial by Jury
@. What city Is known as the Athens OF
the South"?-W. R.
A. Nashville, Tenn. Greek architecture has
been employed for most public buildings.
Noteworthy is the reproduction of the Par
thenon, the leading temple Of the ancient
Athenians.
9: What gives rain its pleasant odor'-
L. L. B.
A. Rain has no odor, but in falling it purihes
the air. Often electrical discharges accom-
pany rain and produce the gas ozone which has
delightful fresh odor.
O. What date is taken as the beginning of
the Atomic Age?-G w.
A. The Atomic Age is generally regarded as
having been ushered in on July 16. 1945. On
this date the first man-made atomic explosion
occurred in the desert of New Mexico
@. How much of the worlds steel is pro-
duced in the United States?-S. E. L.
A. The United States is producing over 81
per cent of all the steel made in the world
@. What is the difference between tale and
story?-E H. G.
A. tale is a narrative of events related in
chronological sequence. A story Is narrative
containing plot.
O. What is the derivation Of the name Ne
braska"?-P. McA.
A. Nebraska means shallow water" The
name was first given by the Indians to the
river now called the Platte, which traverses
the State
Evening star., 1947-10-10

she has three.
1t costs food
and money to
keep three or
four cats. The
food three of
them eat could
feed two chill
dren who are
starving in Eu-
rope. In the
II
Evening star., 1947-10-10
Stors, Men and Atoms
Banner Season Reported
On Arctic Explorations
Ten Scientific Expeditions Complete
Far North Studies of Many Kinds
ThnmaS r Henry

This has been banner summer for Arctic
and sub-Arctic exploration.
AT least 10 scientific expeditions including
the Nays Operation Highjump under COM
mand OF Capt Robert S. Quackenbush execu-
tive officer OF last winters Antarctic expedi-
ton, now are coming out of the Far North
Smaller scientific ventures partly financed
by the Office of Naval Research and under the
auspices Of the Arctic Institute of North
America have carried out specific projects
One of the most significant of these has been
a biological survey of the little-known Nuelton
Lakes area on the borders of Manitoba and
Keewatin by DR.. Francis Harper, zoologist of
Swarthmore University. DR.. E. H. Krank of the
University of Neuchatel, Switzerland, has made
an intensive study of the geology of the east
coasts of Hudson and James Bays. Dr. Imari
Hustick Of the University of Helsinki has made
large collections of the plant life of the desolate
regions east of Hudson Bay. DR.. Jacques Rous-
seau of the Montreal Botanic Gardens has
made botanical exploration of the Ungava
Peninsula, while DR.. r. D. Sloboden, New York
anthropologist, has made an chronological sur
vey of the peoples of the Mcpherson and
Mackenzie Valleys.
One of the most important of ALL sponsored
by the Arctic Institute, with headquarters in
Montreal, is the botanical survey of Northern
Canada being carried out by DR. Nicolas Polinin
of Oxford University. Margaret Lantis of the
University of California has carried out ex-
cavations of Eskimo sites on Nunivik Island,
Alaska. and DR.. Harold Hansen of the Illinois
Natural History Society has made an intensive
study of the Canada goose in the region around
James Bay
Projects especially financed by the Navy have
included a compilation of all available data on
frost levels especially significant in road build
ing, and an investigation of aerial photos of
Arctic terrain to determine If they can reveal
conditions important in planning engineering
work.
Projects on Broad Basis.
The Navy projects in particular have been
on broad basis, without immediate applica-
tion to national defense but undertaken on the
theory that any knowledge of the meteorology
and biology of the Arctic is likely to fit into the
picture of warfare in the Far North
Meanwhile, two Danish expeditions have
been operating In Greenland One has been
air-mapping the east coast, while another,
directed by DR.. Erik Holtved, has been carrying
out archaeological excavations in the Smith
Sound region of the northwest coast. This work
has been resumed after its interruption by the
war and Is expected to shed much light on the
migrations of Morse colonists nearly 1000 years
ago.
1t is known here that several Russian expedi-
tions have been carrying out scientific investi-
cations during the summer but no details of
their work have yet been received. Because of
the great Importance of the far northern lands
to Soviet economy, Russia has devoted much
more attention to the Arctic during the past
few years than any western country.
Evening star., 1947-10-10

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address OF the
1uriter, although it is permissible for
1oriter kno10n to The Star to use
nom de plume. Please be briet.
Evening star., 1947-10-10

mailed in time;
yet when I
checked up, I
found 1t had
r e a c he d its
destina a t / o n
four days after
it should have
been tn e r e.
Can any one
give me q real
Evening star., 1947-10-10
Questions and Answers

A reader get the answer to any question
Of fact by writing The Evening Star Informal ation
Bureau, 3l6 street NE. WASHINGTON p D. G.
Evening star., 1947-10-10
Down With Too Many Pets

TO the Editor OF The Star:
Now that the President has asked people to
save food, how about asking people not to keep
so many animals around? woman neighbor
OF mine brought five cats into her home; now
Evening star., 1947-10-10

necessary to have so many animals. One cat
or dog ought to be enough for any one.
A RESIDENT OF SILVER SPRING.
Evening star., 1947-10-10

Postal Service on the Pan
To the Editor OF The star
What is wrong with our General Post Office
ard its service?
had some work which had to be in Char
lottesville, Va, on specified date. I saw it
Evening star., 1947-10-10

Tokyo before the end of the war?-I. McC.
A. The Navy Department says that United
States submarines entered the approaches to
Tokyo Bay (Sagomi Wan) before the war
ended, but none entered the bay proper. One
submarine rescued pilot on the surface of the
bay. The minefelds, strong currents and
shallow water made submarine entry into
Tokyo Bay impracticable.
Evening star., 1947-10-10

council table of the U. N. If all nations
were as peace-loving and nonaggressive as
San Marino, the U. N. would have very few
problems to solve.
Evening star., 1947-10-10

Q. What is the lowest lake in the United
States?-V. H.
A. 1t is Salton Sea in California, which
is 246 feet below sea level.
Evening star., 1947-10-10
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE.

Q. What character in Shakespeare has the
most lines to speak?-A. M N
A. According to Prof. Rolfe, Hamlet tops
the list with 1869 lines.
The Nome nugget., 1947-04-14

Honest Americans who complain that the Truman doctrine will split one world into two" had bet ter take a deep breath and snap out of their trance.
 Whoever may be responsible for the split" it is certainly not MT. Truman. All he has done is call at tention to a state of things that has existed ever since the Soviet Union was born in 1917.
 Politically our "one world" nev- CT got beyond the aspirations of Franklin D. Roosevelt and Wen dell Willkie; physically it is a fact but the Russians will have none of it. If we had listened to them we should have been less surprised. Their frankness has been com- plete. Lenin himself insisted upon the "unbridgeable chasm" between the Soviet Union and the "imperi- alist world" (meaning us). Stalin unremittingly echoed this belief. The difference between the two was that Lenin expected the gap to be bridged by world revolution.
 Stalin is confident that it will be overcome by expansion of the Sov-
The Nome nugget., 1947-04-14
Can We Bridge This Chasm Of Conflict?
 tBY Edgar Ansel Mowrer)

jet Union. For both, the presence of powerful non-Soviet countries is capitalist encirclement'' of the Socialist world. This will gradu- ally, Moscow believes, give place to Socialist encirclement" of the "imperialist capitalists" In this conception non- or anti-Soviet So- cialist states like Britain are par ticularly pernicious because they incorporate false collectivism that is worse than capitalism.
 As the capitalist order decays tfo Bolsheviks if must decay by defin- ition) the Socialist encirclement" advances. carried by the Red army. The Slavic states of Europe. Soviet Germany and north Korea and Communist China are Social isf encirclement." Finland and Hungary soon will be. France and Italy are hopes. In these last two countries Communists already ex- ercise "dual power" within the government and within the masses.
 Why should Soviet leaders re- linquish Socialist encirclement' for participation in any Roosevelt Willkie type of one world? They
The Nome nugget., 1947-04-14
MRS. VICTOR HILL ITO co TO WHITE MOUNTAIN

Mrs. Victor Hill, of the White Mountain School arrived from Bethel Saturday with her new AZ pound daughter, She is en- route to White Mountain.
The Nome nugget., 1947-04-14
We Demand Peace

(The Rocky Mountain News) WARREN AUSTIN, U. s. delegate to the United Na- tons has made convincing reply to those critics who have held that President Truman, in proposing an inde
The Nome nugget., 1947-04-14
Monday, April IA, 1947
Fourteen Million Slaves In "DemOcratic'' Russia
(T'he Denver POSt)


 RUSSIA'S INDUSTRY is engaged in gigantic effort to outsrp the rest of the world Her factories, mines lumber mills and aircraft plants hum from the energies of millions of persons In order to sustain the accelerated program the Soviet Union relies upon the human power of IA million slaves vivid account of this slave labor carried in the April issue of the Readers Digest Entitled The Truth About Soviet Russias 14 Million Slaves, it is condensation by Max Eastman based on the forthcoming book Nothing but Their Chains,' by David J. Dallin and Boris Nicholaevsky.
 It leaves one with the feeling that about the osly diff ference between Communism and Fascism is the spell ing of the first few letters before the s The world was shocked at the revelation of brutates pracced by the Germans in their slave camps but the Con- muniss went the Nazis better by praccing their brutaites mostly upon their people,
 Russians are confined to these labor battaons for number of reasons. Among them are (a) People who obstruct oppose, criticize suspected of secretly disliking the totaltaran Communist regime" (b) Pea Sants 'Who honestly acquired little land than their ghbors and believe in their right keep them Co Workers repeatedly absent tardy or worst of a those who protest against hOurs wages conditions of abor (d) Recalcirant priests people sentenced to hard labor for their religious beliefs and ntellectuas condemned for their opnons and any number of other offenses which the Kremn might deem justifiabe.
 Speaking of Henry Waace's visit to Russia and Si- beria in 1914 the article stated:
 "He apparently failed to see single one of what Wen- dell Wilkie called the usual concentration camps Wallace had his picture taken in happy company with Ivan Nkshov the brutal head of Dalstro the hugest ana most dreaded group O1 death camps III Siberia Here in territory several times the size of France wholly ruled by the ministry onterior affairs slaves dying by the thousands in the frenzed effort of the Soviet Union supass other nations the production of gold In the title of his picture Wallace calls this captain of human extermination big industrial boss.'
 Quoting testimony given by Russian slave the ar tice continued:
 we live in tents without floors. When we returned from work at night, chilled and soaked the bone we sank up to our knees in mud inside the tents We lay in clothng in sort of feverish sleep and succeeded by morning in drying portion of it before the guards with their dogs to drive out another days work When of us died in the night we con- ceaed the body beneath the hunks long we could endure the stencil to receive the dead mans ration of bread"
 This is the picture of the great Humanitarian Social ist state" of Russia which the mighty Kremlin could not suppress.
The Nome nugget., 1947-04-14

pendent aid program for Greece and Turkey, was by passing the United Nations.
 The President in fact, was supporting an UN agen- cyS recommendation when he urged relief for Greece Mr. Austin pointed out.
 He recalled that the food and agricultural orsanza tor of the United Nations had recommended that the Creek government ask the Economic and Social Coun- cl and the American and British governments for funds for food and other essential imports after the withdraw al of UNRRA March 3l.
 Moreover, the United States strongly supported of JUN. machinery for the industrial rehabilitation oi Greece, and would cooperate in such program, Mr. Austin said.
 We would welcome corresponding interest and sup port from other member states, he added
 But Mr. Austin did not stop there In addition to homie ad he said the United States regarded vital that the UN act to discourage and threats of aggression of any kind against the Independence of member state.
 Thus the UN has been invited to protect both Greece and Turkey from threats to their sovereignty.
 The United States took the initiative last December in proposing establishment of the U.N Balkan Commis- sion Investigating the Greek border disturbances We urge that the commission appoint border pa troS to maintain order until its report be considered and disposed of by the Security Council MT. Austin said
 That puts the problem where it beongs-right in the lap of the United Nations. However
 Mr. Austin made it plain that considered it ob- ligaton under the UN charter "as we'll as matter of elementary sef-interest" to do our utmost to bring about the peaceful adjustment of any situation which threatens peace.
 We respect the right of any nation to follow the way of life system of it chooses But that choice should be freely made without intimidation" and na- tions must not interfere with the rights of other coun tries or the liberties of other peoples"
 Thus do not challenge Communism, but only the right of Communism to extend itself by force.
 Finally, the American spokesman emphasized that the President had more than Greece and Turkey in mind when he spoke of conditions affecting the security of the United States through the insecurity of the world
 Thus all nations are on notice that are prepared to go to the relief of any country threatened by foreign aggression
 We have urged the United Nations to deal with all threats peace if it and if it will and have pledged our full support to such program. But have served the right to help free and independent nations +op rtoi,,+ +boirf