davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona sun., 1947-02-14
Courageous Judge
Lapfade Makes
Legal History

Arthur T. LaPrade, Associate
Justice of the Supreme Court, has
participated in reversing the two
criminal cases in the 35 years his
tory of Arizona when they came
up for rehearing. The first was a
case from Gila County about 2
years ago in which Judge LaPrade
dissented and the case was re-
versed on rehearing. The second
case was reversed this week on
rehearing in which Judge LaPrade
disSented in the original opinion.
This case involved one Edward
Pullman who was charged with
child stealing and was convicted
in the Superior Court of Yuma
County. The facts showed that. a
little girl was walking on Main
Street in the City Of Yuma and
Pullman accompanied her around
two blocks, gave her nickel to
buy some ice cream and sent her
home. He was charged with child
stealing. The whole proceedings
smacked more of Salem witchcraft
than it did of a legal trial. Accord
ing to the evidence the little girl
had been told not to talk with
strangers, but when she got home
after sometime she complained of
a bogeyman and the witch hunt
was on. Pullman, war worker
and stranger in Yuma, was seized
by the authorities and put on trial.
He was convicted and sentenced
from 3 to 6 years in the state pris-
on. After his conviction, Terrence
A. Carson, attorney of Phoenix,
was employed on the appeal. On
the first hearing the Supreme
Court affirmed the decision by 2
to 1 decision, with Judge LaPrade
dissenting, and what a dissent it
was. Judge LaPrade did not spare
anyone in his cutting mastery
dissent. His dissenting opinion
showed both great courage and
ability. Judge LaPrade was not go
ing to be swayed by the pressure of
the rabble and the mob or the
Ladies Home Journal Society. He
took the whole record and showed
that it was rank injustice to con-
vict anyone on such flimsy evil
dence. After the decision was af-
firmed, Terrence A. Carson, attor-
ney for the defendant, filed a Pc
tition for rehearing that was un-
answerable and in the light of all
the facts the case of the State ap-
peared more like a children'S
bubble gum party than it did a
judicial determin alton of facts. Af-
ter the retirement of one of the
judges from the bench the matter
Continued on page 81
while political movements for race
betterment.
Life's greatest achievement may
be summed up in these words. 'tHe
lives best who serves most"
Watch this column each week
for the accomplishments of 10
other women who deserve honor
able mention. fa#lt
Arizona sun., 1947-02-14

rights, labor unions and drive
down living standards"

rights, labor unions and drive
down living standards"
Return to the five-cent street
car and bus fare" is favored by
Karl Wilson. Increased fares were
not warranted. The purchase by
the city of Metropolitan Lines Gas
proposed by a citizens committee)
eliminating duplication of service,
etc., would reduce operating costs
and make possible a fare reduc-
tion."
Labor, the small businessman,
white collar workers, profession
ais, and minorities," Wilson says,
"can utilize the Phoenix election
for social and economic progress
by uniting around a program meet
ing the issues of living standards,
security democratic rights and
peace"
Arizona sun., 1947-02-14
Announcement

THE ARIZONA SUN is now
ready to serve your job printing
needs such as hand bills, business
cards, calling cards, letter heads,
and most anything in the printing
line. Call 1862 for our reasonable
prices on your next print job.
Arizona sun., 1947-02-14
Booker I. Y-Teens
Will Entertain

The Y-Teens of Booker T. Wash
ington School will entertain the
Parents Teachers Association at
their Founders Day meeting at
school on Wednesday evening Feb
ruary 10 at 8 p. m. !;
The program will feature Negro
History Week. Musical numbers
will be under the direction of Mrs.
Rachel Ward musical instructor.
Arizona sun., 1947-02-14

Let the ARIZONA SUN
be your shopping guide.
Evening star., 1947-12-31

probably could be effected without appre-
ciably lowering the quality of the candi-
dates.
Above all, study of the whole appoint
ment system would be desirable. Under
the present system of proportional repre-
sentation, some States, notably in the Mid
west and West, have few applicants for the
vacancies allotted to their Senators and
Representatives, whereas thickly populated
States have many more qualified candi-
dates than can possibly be placed by their
legislators. This is unfair not only to the
boys who are eager and qualified to be
selected, but to the academies which suffer
from student shortages. To compel quail
fled boys to stand aside when appoint
ments are going begging in some areas OF
the country does not make sense. This is
a situation which merits earnest study by
defense authorities and by Congress.
Evening star., 1947-12-31
Letters to The Star
History of Frankfurt Reviewed

History of Frankfurt Reviewed
TO the Editor Of The STAR
In the interesting story in The Sunday Star
for December 81 regarding the prospective
choice Of Frankfurt as the capital Of Western
Germany, the author enumerated three factors
as being responsible for its selection: Cd It was
the scene Of the first attempt to establish q
democratic government in Germany Q848);
(2) 1t was great financial center. the home Of
the House Of Rothschild and Of other renowned
banking families; and 90 1t was the birthplace,
In 1749, Of the poet and philosopher, Johann
Wolfgang Goethe.
But there Is a fourth reason, also historical
and equally significant, for the designation Of
Frankfort as the western German capital. For
centuries 1t served as the place of election OF
the German kings and the Holy Roman en-
perors 1t was in this ancient city on the river
Main that some of the great figures in German
imperial history were elevated to the throne
of the Caesars-if we wish to believe in the
pretty fiction that the Holy Roman emperors
were actually the successors to the ancient
Roman emperors. At various times 1t has served
as a nominal German capital
Archaeological investigations reveal that
Frankfurt is on the site Of a Roman settlement
dating from the first Christian century Its
documentary history dates from 1893 when
Charlemagne spent the winter there His son,
Emperor Ludwig the Pious, occasionally used 1t
as his residence.
Frankfurt's real Importance dates from the
time of the Hohenstaufen dynasty when many
brilliant diets (parliaments) were held within
its storied walls. In 1147 the first election Of
German king took place there. During the
later generations 1t increased in commercial
and political importance and developed into q
free imperial city, acknowledging only the en-
perors as It's immediate overlords. In 1856
under the terms of Emperor Karl Tvs famous
Golden Bull Frankfurt was appointed the seat
of the imperial elections. Henceforth, until the
Empires dissolution in 1906, II Of the % later
Holy Roman emperors were chosen in that city.
In his autobiography Goethe brilliantly
described the coronation at Frankfort in 1764
Of the future Emperor Joseph II as King Of the
Romans, the title borne by the heirs to the
imperial throne.
During the Reformation Frankfurt was one
of the leading Protestant centers. It suffered
In the Thirty Years War (1618-48), had to pay
heavy fines to the French in 1892 and 1796,
lost its independence in 1906 on the formation
of the Confederation Of the Rhine, was created
the capital of the Grand Duchy Of Frankfurt in
1910, and again became free city on the over
throw Of Napoleon in 1915. 1t was declared the
seat Of the German Confederation in 1915, and
became q member Of the Zollverein Customs
Union) In 1886. Thirty years later 1t made the
mistake Of joining Austria In the war with
Prussia, with the result that its territories
formally were annexed to the latter kingdom
and 1t was made . part Of the Province Of
Evening star., 1947-12-31
The Chest Is in Jeopardy

Impact on member agencies of campaign
failure by the Community Chest Fedora
ton marked yesterdays meeting OF the
Washington Community Chest trustees.
Spokesmen for the agencies rose, one after
the other, to ask how they were to carry
on In the face of budget reductions mag
nified by deprecated purchasing power.
BY a vote, too close for comfort, pro-
posal was defeated which, If carried, would
have contained all the implications OF
complete breakdown Of the Chest in Wash
mgton. The proposal, in effect, was to
grant permission for agencies, by con-
Quoting separate campaigns, to make up
the deficits they face this year by reason
of the failure of the united appeal.
Such proposals are to be heard again,
for they have strong support in principle
from some of the agencies. But as the
Community Chest is based on the idea OF
one, united appeal, the possibility OF any
or all Of more than three score agencies
supplementing the united appeal with
independent drives of their own is to be
avoided. For that would mean abandon
ment of the Chest idea. 1t would establish
g CONTRADICTION OIL dlIIlS IcSulGlilS Ill ClloOo
and the Chest would go under.
Another method Of making both ends
meet in the Chest is to adopt a more
realistic view toward what the Chest can
afford to support and trim expenses to
meet available income. In this connec-
ton the formation of the Community
Chest Federation last summer was to be
followed by merger of the Washington
Chest and Council of Social Agencies;
merger which promised some reduction OF
overhead. Yet the merger is yet to take
place. Committees representing the Chest
and the Council have as yet been unable to
agree on merger terms Until the merger
Is effected and new, more compact ma
chinery set up for direction of Chest
activities we are making no progress in
adjusting ourselves to conditions of re-
peated failure in money raising.
There must be such adjustment We
must be able to maintain Chest that is
not always running in the red and which
is based on the conmunity's willingness
to give The future of the Community
Chest principle in Washington remains in
jeopardy until that is accomplished and
some of the lost confidence in the Chest
Is regained.
Evening star., 1947-12-31
Service Academy Vacancies

The Army and Navy Departments have
good cause to be worried over the shortage
Of qualified candidates for the Military
Academy at West Point and the Naval
Academy at Annapolis 1t is to these
institutions that the armed services look
for the leaders of our regular unified de-
fense establishment of the future short
age of cadets and midshipmen today
means a shortage of trained young career
officers in the uncertain years which lie
ahead This Is at least one phase of the
emergency" which has led officials to dis
courage designations after graduation.
Several factors have played part in the
development Of the emergency. One is the
fact that the authorized strength Of the
cadet corps at West Point was increased
in 1912 from 1850 to 2,4se. Another factor
Is what officials described broadly as the
postwar apathy of the public toward mill
tary requirements of the country. The
apathy has been felt in the field of re-
cruiting of enlisted men as well as in the
selection of candidates for the academies
A less important factor, but one which un
doubtedly has had some effect, is the COM
petition provided by the CT educational
program The latter two considerations are
In way related.
War service did not stimulate the inter
est in military careers which some officials
had thought 1t would. Too many young
GIs who otherwise might have become
postwar candidates for West Point or An
napolis returned from active service pretty
we'll "fed up" with military life. AS be-
tween an opportunity to go to one of the
academies and a chance to obtain col
lege education under the CT "Bill of
Rights" most chose the latter course. GI
education involved no military discipline
or obligations and colleges close to home
could be attended. Moreover, the 'rela-
lively low salaries paid second lieutenants
and ensigns, as compared to those of many
other careers open to college graduates,
offered little inducement Even the high
schools boys who did not see war service
have been discouraged by disparaging
comments about things military made by
their older brothers or friends.
All OF these influences have been at
work to reduce the number of applicants
for vacancies at the military and naval
academies. 1t is serious problem for
which no satisfactory solution as yet has
been devised. The Army, the Navy and the
Air Force frankly are confronted with
state of mind which only enlightenment
and time are likely to change. program
of education as to the Importance and
advantages of military career would help
Effective work has been done along this
line in recruiting enlisted men. A review
of standards for appointment to the
academies would be In order. These
standards understandably have been very
high in the past, as regards mental as well
q physical qualifications. Some relaxation
Evening star., 1947-12-31
Patterns

Under an tce-blue wtnter sky Nth fine
mares tails of cirrus cloud
The treighter plunges east bet,oeen At
lantic sDeH and sUeH,
Suspended aboUe blue tDater fecked With
tdttered sketns OF foam,
Meridians clocked to engine drum and
siluer chime of bell
S,pttt bleating gulls ,otth 1abulously white
tDtngs OF fire
Cauort bet,peen the rocking mast and
peUter Dtntry sun,
Their SHADOWS feet upon the deck and
gone, and here again,
Bet.Deen the ship and stIrer todsh OF
,cake the ship hes spun.
Clouds, foam and arch OF guus;; most
transient and lovely things
Caught only for brtef instant By the
eye In lucid air,
Yet all are parts OF ageless trteze, blue
white and stlDer- blue,
That ,oil like time itself be altodys there,
be altoays there.
FREDERICK EBRIGHT.
Evening star., 1947-12-31

has been nquidating his holdings. Mr.
Davies was not on the public pay roll at
the time of the revealed tradings.
Not that Mondays list did not have
a relatively big trader or two. The two
biggest were Policeman Daniel P. Gilbert
of Chicago, who held forty thousand
bushels long and twenty thousand short
on September II last, and Ensign John E.
Turner, Naval Reserve officer in Palm
Beach, Florida, who bought forty thousand
bushels and sold thirty thousand on Sep
tember 10.
Perhaps some really explosive sensa-
tions are yet to come. They will have to
be pretty big, however, to impress lot of
people after the letdowns they have had
to date.
Evening star., 1947-12-31
The Biq PIop

That hollow sound which echoed
through the city on Monday was not mace
by neutrino, the elusive atomic substance
without weight which Science Writer
Thomas r. Henry says our scientists are
looking for these days. It was caused by
release of Secretary Anderson's third list
of commodity traders-a list heralded as
containing ninety-nin names OF pubic
officials" who have been specializing IN
grain.
If the impact on the public of the three
lists so far issued in response to congress
sional demands has been something less
than catastrophe, it Is not fair to blame
Secretary Anderson. The public's curiosity
had been stimulated almost to the bursting
point by charges and innuendoes flung
around by Republican Presidential Candi-
date Harold Stassen, Representative Au-
gust Andersen of Minnesota and others.
MIR. Stassen limited that at least one off,
shoot of the grain gambling trail led right
to the White House. In view OF President
Truman's caustic denunciation Of COM
modify spectators, the White House angle
had nearly every one breathless with
dllGlClpdtiOli.
It turns out that there was White
House angle, all right, but there were no
Trumans no presidential advisers, no Sec
retaries on the list. Only the name of the
Presidents physician, Brigadier General
W. H. Graham. He was listed as small
trader" who dropped his holdings like
hot potato two days after Mr.. Truman de-
pounced gambling in food" last October.
General Graham says he did not even
know he held any grain until he checked
with his broker after the Presidents radio
speech. In fairness to the general 1t
should be pointed out that it is perfectly
legal to speculate in commodities. He
acted properly In closing his account, in
view of his assignment to the White House.
The only other "big" names disclosed on
the previous lists were those of Edwin W.
Pauley, special assistant to Army Secre-
tary Royal, and Ralph X. Davies, former
deputy petroleum administrator for war
Mr.. Pauley was in the market before Sec
retary Royal made him an assistant and
Evening star., 1947-12-31

guam volcano had shown signs Of dangerous
activity since the Coseguina explosion in 1885.
The official denial, widely circulated = = pro-
duced q reaction in favor Of Nicaragua; the
press with the exception Of the New York Sun
and few other journals began to pooh-pooh
the eruption hazard; and The Star printed a
cartoon representing Mark Hanna, coached by
a French painter Bunau-Varilla), industri-
ously daubing imaginary volcanoes on map.
"The public laughed, but Bunau-Varilla had
another card up his sleeve. He remembered
that in 1900 Nicaragua had issued beautiful
series Of postage stamps portraying Momotombo
In full eruption, with the lake and railroad
wharf In the foreground. To refute the
assertion that Ncaraguan volcanoes were no
longer active he needed official counter
evidence emanating from Nicaragua itself; and
what could be more official than a postage
stamp?"
OF course, it did not matter that the plume
Of smoke arising from the mountain had been
added to the drawing for the stamp by an
imaginative artist in New York and that Mount
Momotombo actually had been quiescent for
ages.
Bunau- -varillas Plot Succeeds.
Mr. Mack explains that Bunau-Varilla
secured Washington for the incriminating
stamps, purchased 80 from various dealers, and
sent one to each Senator on June 16, three
days before the vote on the Spooner amend
ment," rejecting the Nicaragua plan and
accepting the Panama project Later he pro-
cured more stamps in New York and distributed
them among wavering members OF the House
- Thus with Hanna Grating in the Senate,
with Cromwell pulling strings behind the
scenes, and with Bunau-Varila cajolng,
pamphleteering, and gleefully turning Nicara
guam stamps into testimonials for Panama, the
Spooner amendment was laboriously forced
through Congress. It's passage was one Of the
most notorious-and successful-examples Of
lobbying on record"
Taking part In the debate in collaboration
with Senator Marcus Alonzo Hanna of Ohio was
Senator Shelby Moore Cullom OF Illinois. Both
argued that the "doctored" picture on the
stamp was authentic and that Nicaragua was
volcano country" They were opposed by
Senator John Tyler Morgan, father Of the
Nicaragua plan, and Senator William Andrews
Clark Of Montana, whose final challenge was:
"There are extinct volcanoes In Montana Idaho
and other Western States In Washington and
Oregon there are some that show signs Of
animation. Should all neighboring enterprises
be suspended and cities stop building in terror
Of them?"
The spooner amendment was passed by
margin of only four votes But Bunau-Varila
had won his fight. He hurried to Panama City
and there on November g.. 1903 promoted the
revolution which resulted in a degree of in
dependence which the United States recognized
three days afterward. Then he returned to
Washington as Panama's Ambassador and on
November 1s signed treaty with Secretary Of
State John Hay which legalized the arrange
ments he had perfected.
Stamp collectors still collect the Nicaraguan
stamps with the fake volcano on them. A full
set is worth quite lot of money.
Evening star., 1947-12-31
ArIinqton's School Dilemma

The most regrettable aspect OF the
Arlington School Board fight is the Grip
pling effect which the litigation to test
the legality Of an elected school board
will have on the functioning of the school
system.
The agreement which has been worked
out at the suggestion of Circuit Judge J.
Garland Jefferson, who has the case under
advisement, will serve temporarily to
bridge over this difficulty. Under its
terms 1t will be possible to pay salaries
of teachers and similar expenses, and the
members of both old and new boards will
have access to records. But 1t is difficult
to see how anything can be done under
this stopgap arrangement with respect to
such important matters as the preparation
of the new school budget and the pre-
liminary steps necessary to getting started
with construction Of the new schools for
which bond issue was approved last
spring.
Judge Jefferson's decision is expected
within few days. But If the losing party
takes an appeal, as appears virtually GER
tain, 1t will be months before the author
itative ruling of the Virginia Supreme
Court can be handed down.
In the hope of mitigating the injury to
the school system during this waiting
period, new proposal for bridging over
the gap between the two boards has been
suggested. Under this plan the members
of the old board who sought reelection
and were defeated would resign. Their
places would be filled by appointment OF
members of the elected board. If this
could be worked out the constitutional
question raised IN the suit could be
carried to final decision and, meanwhile,
functioning school board would be in
office.
Whether any or all of the members of
the old board would accept such an
arrangement is an open question But If
it could be worked out there is much to
recommend such a solution, including the
fact that it would be consistent with the
plainly recorded wishes OF the voters of
Arlington.