davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-09-22

man is going on the theory that
the way to prove his originality
and independence is to bury as
deeply underground as possible
the polices Of his great prede-
cessor. President Roosevelt wisely
decided not to clutter up his ad-
ministration with the man whom
he succeeded, although on more
than one occasion it was suggested
to him that it would be a wonder
full gesture If he would ask Mr..
Hoover to drop In and tell him
what to do.
OF course, President Roosevelt
could have protected himself by
listening to his predecessor and
then doing the contrary. But why
ask the opinion of man who rarely
had been right? That President
Roosevelt was genuinely in favor Of
bipartisanship in foreign affairs he
amply proved. But useful biparti-
sanship would have been impos-
sible If he had invited Mr.. Hoover
into his councils. His mere presence
would have been disturbing because
he would have demanded a defer
ence on account of his "ex-ness."
Truman Sought Advice.
Fortunately, President Roosevelt
was too clear sighted not to rec
ognize that Herbert Hoover was
not the man to help to win the
war. To achieve success, one must
be free Of reservations or doubts.
But President Truman evidently
saw chance not only to scuttle an
other Roosevelt policy, but to pose
as q magnanimous spirit. Perhaps
he was persuaded that anticipated
misery loves company. In any event,
just 46 days after the death of Mr..
Roosevelt, President Truman disin-
TERED and brought in state to the
White House the bones of q political
corpse. Later he sent it to Germany
to make one more study Of that
country's economic condition. At
that, Mr.. Truman could hardly have
foreseen that in an early magazine
article, Mr. Hoover was to be de-
scribed as being President Truman's
"eyes. ears and brain in a Starving
world"
Mr.. Hoovers contribution to the
war was a public proposal that
America provide food for the women
and children of German-occupied
Europe. This food, If not actually
conflscated for the German soldiers,
would have released its equivalent
for their use. This would have meant
a prolongation Of the war. 1t would
have been counterpart of what
Evening star., 1947-09-22

Hungary to assure her communica-
ton lines with the occupation army
In Austria.
There is a definite obligation on
the part Of the Soviet government
to withdraw every one Of her men
from Bulgaria within 80 days after
the peace treaty becomes effective.
American and British forces rap
idly are being pulled out of Italy.
Unless some unforeseen circum-
stance occurs, the last American and
British detachments will be on their
way home early in December.
The Soviet government Is not
showing the same haste, however.
No preparations have been made
yet in Bulgaria to start moving its
large number of troops. Quite the
contrary. At one time the Soviet
army of occupation in Bulgaria had
been reduced to less than 100000
men. But in the last two months
these forces have been increased to
a high of $4,000 men, provided with
the latest equipment.
Inquiries Unanswered.
Discreet inquiries as to the reason
for this reinforcement, in coun-
try which has a government COM
pletely subservient to Moscow and
whose head, Georgi Dimitrov, was
until recently a Soviet citizen, have
not been answered by Moscow. The
question apparently was regarded
as another intervention by Western
'cimperialists' in the domestic af-
fairs of Bulgaria.
The State Department does not
intend to bring the matter before
the United Nations. But it may
be used in the near future as
refutation of the USSR's claim that
it is the worlds top protagonist OF
peace.
Some responsible Washington
quarters disapprove the decision Of
the American delegation in the
General Assembly to ignore the
Evening star., 1947-09-22
On the Record
Vishinsky's Provocative Speech Seen
As Purely Propagandistic Oration
By Dorothy THOMPSON

the U.S.S.R. can use the veto to veto
any recommendation from the As
sembly to drop the veto. That would
mean defeat for a majority of the
United Nations; or would spring 1t
into the air; or would mean United
Nations without Russia.
The latter could, II It encom-
passed sufficient power, maintain
the peace of the world and even
protect the Soviet Union within her
acknowledged frontiers by any ab-
solute preponderance Of power, pro-
vided 1t organized that power for
peace under law and resisted the
temptations Of power by extraor-
dinary restraint.
Mr.. Vishinsky's extraordinary IT,
rade Is certainly unique in diploma
tic history. One can only recall that
he was prosecutor in the remark
able trial Of his old comrades which
sent to death scores Of men on evi-
dence that included accounts of
plots which occurred in non-existent
places-for instance in a Scandina-
Wan hotel that had burned down
long before.
The tone, temper, vehemence and
inaccuracy Of his attacks on the
United States, its institutions. and
people which exceeded any ever
made by Soviet officials against
Hitler, in time Of peace, would
amount - under normal circum-
stances-to a call for war.
And the mere fact that he made 1t
demonstrates that Mr.. Vishinsky
does not believe for a moment that
the United States intends to attack
the Soviet Union, but was making
propaganda pure and simple.
Released by the Bell Syndicate Ine.)
Evening star., 1947-09-22
LOUIE

Secretary Marshalls address to
the United Nations and MIR. Vi
shinskys reply did not precipitate
an international crisis. Both merely
Evening star., 1947-09-22
Man to Man
Truman Seen as Unwise in Seeking
Hoover's Advice in View of Record
By Harold L. Ickes


the
now advice from the war.
Evening star., 1947-09-22

sole arbiters Dorothy Thompson.
over much of the world. The United
Nations, far from developing q sys-
tenn Of law between nations with
proper instruments for its adjudica-
ton and enforcement, has become
an arena Of power politics and a
forum for propagandist speeches.
with the all-powerful Security Coun-
Gil hamstrung by vetoes that have no
relation to principle, and merely re-
fleet national policies. Though the
world yearns for disarmament and,
especially, for effective banning of
weapons Of mass destruction, the
present condition of anarchy in in
ternational relations makes such dis
armament impossible, while the
armaments race worsens interna-
tional relations in q vicious circle.
Speech Was Prosecutors.
Secretary Marshall's address
aimed at breaking that vicious
circle by bringing to bear the moral
power Of the Assembly, the truly
representative group of the United
Nations, to nberalize the voting
procedure in the Security Council
But MIR. vishinsky's reply was a
prosecutors speech, not a peace
makers.
The United Nations crisis comes
as no surprise to this columnist,
who once found herself almost alone
in gloomy predictions that the char
ter would not work out as hoped for
The basic assumption of the char
ter was unanimity of the great pow
ers. Unanimity, however, could be
achieved only by the exercise of
great-power restraint, remuneration
Of expansion, and determination to
subject themselves to principles that
could be embodied in enforceable
law. &.
No such principles have developed; ;
even definition of aggression is
lacking. The Soviet Union has ex-
panded, and Soviet satellites are
still seeking expansion. Under such
conditions expansion Is countered,
there is no unanimity but division
and, therefore, the primary assump-
ton OF the charter is nonexistent.
The veto has been used to resist
measures against expansionism.
That the charter could work out
that way, that the United Nations
might become an instrument for
condoning aggression, was the argu-
ment advanced by this column as
early as Dumbarton Oaks.
But what now? BY the charter,
Evening star., 1947-09-22

war.
OF course, propriety dictated that
Mr.. Hoover should first communi-
cate his proposal privately to the
President. But he was the kind Of
citizen who preferred to put his
President in an embarrassing posi-.
ton If he could. Furthermore, Mr.
Hoover ignored the fact that oul
own allies were going on extremely
short rations. He apparently was
not reluctant to reduce their already
meager diet in order that he might
provide more food for the enemy
that was trying to destroy the civili-
zation that had survived the Hoover
panic. Fortunately, President Roose-
velt refused to fall into the trap
even at the cost of savage criticism
of him by the Hooverites in the
country.
Hoover's Article Cited.
President Roosevelt would have
failed in his duty to his own coun-
try, as well as to our allies. in ever
smiling at this red herring that Mr.
Hoover was attempting to draw
across the trail. The Presidents s
wisdom has just been proved by
quotations from Mr.. Hoover's own
lips in the American Magazine for
September, already referred to.
After all, only those could win the
war who believed implicitly that it
was q just war which we were fight
ing for a righteous cause. Now the
political oracle who has been ex-
humed by President Truman, in a
manner reminiscent of Apollo at
Delphi, has let it be known that we
would never have been attacked by
the Japanese If we had not given
them provocation," without explain
ing what this "provocation" was.
Moreover, the Republican "High
Elocutioner" has pontificated, 81
never believed Britain was in dan
ger of defeat. When Germany at
tackled Russia, it made a British
victory possible :"
One cannot but be impressed by
the logic and cogency of the oracle's
announcements. He never believed
that Britain was in danger of defeat
but when Germany attacked Russia
1t made British victory possible
All Of which goes to show that while
Mr.. Hoover conceivably might be 8
great humanitarian" he is not ever
an Average logician.
In other words, If Germany had
not attacked Russia, the British
might have been defeated. But
what If Hitler had not made ths
mistake Of attacking Russia, Mr.
Hoover? Could Great Britain have
come through the German blitzes
triumphantly? Might not Germany
have attacked from across the chan.
mel, just as the Americans, with the
aid of Of the British, managed te
cross it and land enough soldiers
to bring Germany to its knees? And
if Great Britain had fallen, what
might then have happened to the
United States?
(copyright, 1e47)
Evening star., 1947-09-22

Americas case is so strong-and,
strange as it may seem, so little
known in Europe-that a factual
answer would have produced real
effect among those Europeans who
are fed undiluted Soviet propa-
ganda. 1t is also maintained in
these quarters that Our failure to
contradict the Russian smear with
irrefutable facts is considered, on
the periphery Of the iron curtain,
as an indication Of Americas timid-
ity.
The old saying that nothing can
be gained by competing with a
skunk may have been strongly in
the minds of the American delega-
ton. Nevertheless, our case is 80
strong, our efforts for peace have
been so costly in material and
moral sacrifice, and they are 50
little known abroad that Russia and
her satellites could have done little
to disparage them. The American
delegation could have marshaled
facts and figures which even the
most venomous propaganda could
not Offset.
Vote On Veto May Be Affected.
AS it is, according to reports from
countries under the Red shadow,
Secretary Of State Marshall's fail
ure to reply to Mr.. Vishinsky is re-
garded either as evidence that there
is fire behind the Russian smoke or
that we are so hopelessly weak that
we do not dare give the lie to the
men of the Kremlin.
The American delegation now Is
counting the votes which will sup
port our demand for drastic re-
vision in the veto power and for
adequate solutions to questions
pending before the Assembly. We
can count on those countries which
are far away from the Soviet army,
but in a showdown vote it is be-
lieved that nations which are with
in striking distance Of the Russian
armies-France, the Low Countries,
Scandinavia and possibly Britain,
may decide to abstain or vote
against the American proposals.
Greece, Turkey and Iran are in
immediate danger of losing their
sovereignty and unquestionably will
side with the vast majority Of ma
tions in the Western Hemisphere.
The votes of Syria, Lebanon, Iraq,
Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Afghani-
stan are doubtful. To some of them
the Palestine question is of para
mount Importance and their gov
ernnments are angered by our
stand. Afghanistan is too close to
the Soviet Union to permit itself
the luxury Of antagonizing its pow
erful neighbor.
Evening star., 1947-09-22

It is from the
coca leaf that
cocaine comes,
and I find chew
ing the leaves a
m ost pleasant
habit.
They, are very
inexpensive. For
a few cents a
coca-leaf- chew
er can g e t
enough to keep
him c h e W l n 6
for two or three
days. With each
batch Of leaves
Evening star., 1947-09-22

w hi t e House,
seldom guessed
the rig h t an
S W er to a n y
important prob
lem. Naturally,
I am referring
to former Presi-
dent Hoover.
What 9th e r
man, as Chief
Executive, struck
out SO consist
e n tly ev cry
i'm e h a t he
stood at home
plate? Perhaps
Drocjdoy,f Tr,,
Evening star., 1947-09-22

NCCo villa
W as acknowl.
e d 6 e d som {
days ago by
Eduard BeneS,
pr s / d e mt oil
G z e c h o Q l O.
vakia and usu-
ally the most op-
tinnistic Of men,
when he said
"'The world situ-
alton Is serious
- really seri-
ous."
Force and ter
ror prevail as
ala A~Ls4>~s
Evening star., 1947-09-22

$50 com b a t
planes-will be
withdrawn from
Bulgaria.
The pc C e
treaties with
Italy and the
Nazi satellites
have now been
ratified and In
them r u SIS a
undertook to
withdraw all its
military forces
from Bulgaria.
She is entitled
to keep troops
Evening star., 1947-09-22
NcLemore
Chews Coca Leaves,
Meets Deer in Hotel
By Henry McLemors

CUzCO, Peru-I am a big dope.
This time next week I'll be an
even bigger dope, having adopted
the Indian custom Of chewing
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-04-10


the of East Liverpool friends last Saturday.
Grimm recording secretary of Local Union Wheeling
and Leonard Gallagher kinman employees of the Warwick China
call at National Headquarters while here 4sea
pany Chester w. Va spending Florida
mission
Mrs. Sarah Bell Brooks oready the E. H. Sebrng
Sebrng, Ohio died at her home last week.
w. C. Bckmeye iggemap Fred McCurdy
Chambers dpper Cameron W. Va motored to East Liverpool
Wednesday, looking for work They made brief call National
Headquarters.
Miss Dorothy Dawson daughter of Mr. and Mrs George
ST. George street. recording
Union ia East Liverpool successor to William Ridge Jr
Lawrence Calder Henry Dupuy, William RUSSELL William
Earl employees of the Senango Pottery:
moored East Liverpool Monday for brief conference with officials
at National Headquarters.
Byson of the Shnango Pottery Company
Castle underwent operation the City Hospital
William McPhai president of Local Union So Sebring
employed kinman at the Crescent China Co.'s plant Alliance
his home Salem from
James Elliott superintendent of kins, dipping
duties Monday after several weeks illness.
Dora King, fnisher at the Homer Laughn China Company
confined to her home with Illness
Sixth Vice President Woods of Sebrng, idle
orders the department of Limoges China
cooperating with the officers Headquarters this
special organization matters.
w. H. Waco kman has accepted khplacing job plant
Simmons kinman, resigned his position the biscuit
placing plant of the Homer Laughn China Company
position the Grandvew Cemetery at
Saem Ohio.
George Taylor potter formerly employed Sebring now in
the employ of the Acme China Co. at Murphysboro, Ill.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-04-10
NEWS and VIEWS
By ALEXANDER s. LIPSETT Gan ILNS Feature,

Ambitions die hard the Political Action
the Congress Of Industrial Organization exception to the
PAC rrn quote from bulletin issued by PAC head
decided last week the PAC another chance show me
An ambitious has been drawn including plans par
again the CIO membership called prepare
campaign reminiscent of the heydays 943 The ghosts of Sid
ney Hman and Harry Hopkins are again stalking the land
Revival of the PAC, together with designation April CLOS
of America and other unatc fringe organizations
round To political uonss years
should convey timely warning.
its call strengthened the CIO executive board
that the time to call elected lawmakers
Coming less than months after convnng Congress-
appeal carries little weight Neither charge
of the pond only the special prv
However, that popular response
the legislative issues of today will the 194S
fairly sound grounds One need not share the COPAC illusion that
kind of fight these
of platforms and candidates which the parties present
hand effectiveness of the CIOPAC
as political force in its own right remains nil
Nevertheless, there angles the campaign which
critics of this kind of labor political
been made that the significance
roots and activities Their appeal to the CIO membership
state county and city industrial councils strengthening
istng ward n and precinct I establishment Of such
time political action departments in each CIo union"
What constitutes progressive government will always re-
main matter of dispute between the COPAC believers
effectively repuated by American
pe However, competent oganzaona work in thousands small
radicals are apt to DO an amount damage
democratic heritage
alert lest well organized and engineered radical minority mods
lethargc public opinion to its own distorted of thinking
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-04-10

SWEEPING AWAY the labor progress of half century and
- substituting buIrocratc formula for control OF LABOR
relations Senate and House labor committees having ended
hearings working the nearly 100 an-labor
bills introduced the 80th Congress with the intention OF
agreeing something to report to both chambers later this
month
Advance reports of what the committees are doing in
their executive sessions indicate that the House will report
first with severely repressve bill that contains versions OF
almost anabor proposal embodied In any OF the bills
thrown the hopper earlier the session. The Senate
mttees draft will be less wild and wooy but is subject to
amendment the floor and must be reconcied with the
House bill in conference
Whatever the final outcome the outlook for organized
labor not promising since matter what compromise is
achieved between Senate and House versions the ultimate
almost contain Okers and reStrc
tive clauses that would be subject to msnerpretaton by
courts and federal agencies This is because the egls
ton especially that being considered the House side starts
from extreme position that though modified 1T
would still be harsh.
The cachal House BILL which is due to to the floor
April H. would outlaw health and welfare funds break
industry bargaining withhold Wagner Act rights from
unions that strike the union security issue limit super
vsory employees to membership in independent unions
and safety provide coongo periods before strikes and
place unions under the antitrust acts.
The sweeping House bill would also cut the Cancellation
Service out of the Labor Department establish ndepen
would investigate and prosecute cases. set up definitions of
unfair labor practices by unions which would subject them to
prosecution cohe the National Labor Relations Board with
mandatory to settle urlsdctonal disputes and make
unlawful sympathy strikes and other labor activities.
In the Senate the situation is complicated with II
members of the 3man committee each sponsoring bill OF
his all different These range from the proposals
Of Senator Ball t Mnn to the mder of Senators
Ives R, n. Y) and Morse (R Oreg) Object of the COM
nttee guided by Senator Taft @ Ohio is to work out
something which the various schools of thought
the Senate that will finally determine the form of the
antiabor legislation.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-04-10
Propaganda For Democracy
BY RUTH TAYLOR


propaganda attempt
something The distorted
has made the mask for the
ideas originally the
education of whose life
the ahto use the darkness with the light
Organized Labor this
exactly what it the domination of the
the exploitation the majority for the benefit highly
consistently lifted
subversive propaganda against democracy.
Bu-WE need to take the next epto real campaign
comparatively small numbers
who believe democracy should learn lesson from hem
all actively defend and live
This does not servle acqueseence to elected
hority Criticism justifab
when there is sincere opinion REGARDING public questions
from the attacks Of alien forces and influence The Of Com
take advantage of the privilege to pretty nearly what they please
form of Government about
mental system which would deny them this privilege
The form Of is only the
stand of
for the individual And the fight for calls strong
propaganda campaign
The worngmen of America this campaign
in which 1t job man or
believes Democracy as
the of talk If
democracyse to Others Be propaganda
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-04-10
FORCES OF DEMOCRACY ARE RALLYING

TT IS CLEAR that throughout the world great alignment
of political and moral forces is rayng in support of de-
mocracy and individual rights opposed to despotc
ment which denies m liberty and the pursuit of happiness
is equally clear that the methods used by Communists
this contest reachery spying inducing citizens to be-
tray their countries and fellow citizens the undermining
of good faith and honesty in human relations Citizens of
various countries organized Communist parties to
carry out Soviet policies and to deliver to the Soviet
Poltbureau their fatherands Could contemplate
tactics be devised Those who obey such orders will lose the
dignity of free and will live life of perverson, unable
follow their best instincts to live and speak the truth
Because the Communist Party seeks to destroy po
cal Institutions President Green before the House Com
mittee Un-Amercan Activities, urged action to stop
of persons funds and propaganda for Communism
borders to eliminate Communists from domestic
and international government agencies he also urged pub
cty activities of Communists public disclosure of funds
and their source and to prohibit of foreign
funds in determining United States political issues There
should be registration of Communists and periodic filing of
information to keep the nation advised of the and
vities of party members Such information basic to
able unons the government and other free institutions to
protect themselves against traitors and the Vaccinations of
spies and underground operators Outawng the Communist
Party would increase the difficulties of getting such norma
on In addition the Federal Bureau of Investigation should
be authorized to expand it's information service and to bring
to justice those who fail to comply with regulations.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-04-10
UNION SHOP

THE MAJORITY of the WageeanerS of this country feel
responsible for taking advantage of opportunities to
better conditions of work and pay The union is the
agency workers have developed to enable them to participate
free enterprise The workers who get and to
have agencies for justice been the workers taking lead
ership forming and conducting unions With courage and
often in the face of persecution workers have organized
unions.
But unions than business agencies and instt-
tons of Justice They the Occupatona agencies that pre-
scribe standards for training and the guardians of
craft and industrial sls Consequently they prescribe
qualifications for membership.
The union accepts responsibility for securing and main
tanning standards through contracts made in the of it's
members It's ability continue service to the members de-
ability observance of contracts Only
through collective action do workers have effective right of
contract.
Obviously discipline and unity of purpose are necessary
for effective union operation resulting in observance of
tracts This the basis for the union shop provision union
agreements The inclusion of such provision the result
of union policy reached by majority vote Employers agree
such provisions because they have found them advan
tageous.