davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04

Some other methods Tanning has
found effective in his years of try
ing to put the nation to sleep COM
fortably include:
Watch goldfish swimming about
in their bowls for few minutes be-
fore retiring. They'll bore you so
thoroughly you'll fall asleep the
minute you hit the bed.
Run several miles every night. If
that's too much for you, just 60
around the block at a slow trot.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04
Released by Western Newspaper Unio
By VIRGINIA VALE

ny VINOINIA VALE
AFTER seeing talented Debo-
L \ rah Kerr's fine performance
in the thrilling "The Adventure
ess" it is easily understandable
why Metro-G oldwyn-Mayer cast
her opposite Clark Gable in 1.-THE
Hucksters". Carlo, Dietrich, Berg
an-now Kerr, who already rates
right along with them. 1.-THE Adven-
turess," J. Arthur Rank produc-
ton released by Eagle-Lion, is de-
lightful. Sometimes it's thriller
worthy of Hitchcock, sometimes
it's wonderful comedy. The cast,
of course, is excellent; the scenery
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04

Radio announcer Don Wilson has
been signed as narrator for scenes
in Columbia's "The Corpse Came
COD" George Brent, Joan Blond
ell and Adele Jergens have the lead
ing roles in the thriller-about a
series of murders with Hollywood
studio background.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04

Listen! Grocerymen. here's a small store.
Crowed with fancy. staple lines. Makes
stand country trade. Stock over 81 900.
Fixtures 1000. Register s475. Nets $1,000
per month. $500 to 5000 out on books goes
owner. W. C. Owen, Box ga, Cornelius, Ore.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04

FARM MACHINERY & EQUIP.
WESTERN RED CEDAR FENCE POSTS
Sale by Carloads.
BONNER CEDAR CO.. Standpoint. Idaho.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04

Ireland, the Isle of Man-is beau
tiful. And Miss Kerr, who has the
courage to look plain as we'll as
very beautiful, gives performance
to be enjoyed, and better, to be
remembered.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

3 How. DC. DELCOS. 11O-V. Wind
charger and numerous D C. motors. $500.
c. c. BISHOP
Dry Falls Junction Coulee City, Wash.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04

Michael Woulfe, fashion creator
under contract to William Cagney,
says he's rapidly going nuts. At
RKO he's designing clothes for
Laraine Day and Judith Anderson
for "Tycoon'; at Eagle-Lion he's
dressing Sylvia Sidney and Ann
Richards for Love From a Stran-
GER and at VI he's whipping up
frocks for Ava Gardner for "Singa-
pore Ran up a taxi bill of SlO7 Is
in no time at all, dashing from one
studio to another. So he decided to
learn to drive, and on his first day
as motorist was hauled in by a
cop for improper parking.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04

Seven years isn't too long to wait
for a honeymoon, according to
Robert Mitchum and his wife. They
decided when they were married to
wait till he was star, and then
honeymoon in New York, where he
grew up. She'd never been there.
His movie career was well under
way when the war interrupted it;
"The Locket" starred him and they
headed for New York - and he
bought her locket, because that
made it possible.
ODDS md ENDS-Zacbary Scott
is eonrineed spring is really here: bis
daughter Waverly, 10, has poison oak
poisoning. :. No less than 50 Holly
wood neWs photographers bare snapped
candid shots OF Ann Sheridan crocbetine
a bedsbread. Mat Crowley, star OF
Road OF Lite" and radios "man wifb
The perfect diction." opercame the bandi-
cap Of suffering, and so altered bis plans
for earning Hpeiibood-trom radio en-
g;neer to radio actor. :. Donald O'Con-
nor, comedian on The Ginny Simms sboV,
is Just FL, bit he's father and has lot
of responsibikities-bnt be still eats Eski-
mo pies during rebearsals!
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04

ROLL Developed - Overnight Service.
High Gloss Prints each negative. AL
sizes, Csc. Reprints. &c each.
FOX STUDIOS Billings. Montana
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04

Richard Benedict, who plays the
bouncer in Columbia's 1.-THE Guilt
of Janet Ames," is really Joseph
Sciurba, an Italian. He got his start
by hanging around East Coast stu
dos as youngster. One day Al
Christie, looking over a crowd of
prospective extras, singled him out
and asked if he spoke Spanish. Isl,
buono,' said Richard, in his best
italian, and they gave him the part.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04
CLOTHING, FURS, ETC.

White only. Seamless, ventilated. Small
medium, large. Soc pair. Postpaid. Quig-
ley. 1901 High Street, Council Bluffs. Iowa.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04

SMALL GROCERY STORE
in thriving fruit, dairy, farming and col
lege town Husband in garage business:
too much work for i'll wife. Rent SIS 90 per
month. yr lease. Doing a good business.
Just the place for young couple. Sac.
So, AIS. 90 Write for complete details.
MRS. EMIL WEISZ
$40 E. Pacific Forest Grove. Oregon
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04
MISCELLANEOUS

GUNSMITH: Alterations and repairs all
types scope and peep sight. Mounted
Bishop stocks on hand.
FISCHER'S Billings Montana
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04

Bryan Foy will personally super
wise RED Stallion" which may out
class "Smokey" and Thunder
head" produced under his super
vision at goth Century Fox. There'll
be animal battle scenes that have
never before been attempted in a
a picture.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04

The cast of 'This Is Hollywood"
numbering close to 80 of the film
capitoIs top people, converged on
Salt Lake City for the recent pre-
miere of "Ramrod'' via all modern
methods of transportation. Some
went by plane, some by train,
others by automobile. The reason
for splitting the group was to make
certain that talent nucleus would
be on hand no matter what the
weather happened to be.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04

Cedar Grove Auto Court-9 units. gas.
heat and cooking, showers. kitchenettes.
Private garages, laundry. public rest rms.
Standard gas station. Repair garage. Part
" modern. 6.rm. mod. home; Partly furn.
Groceries, plenty shade. U S: Hi-Way SO.
Box 1895, NE. Sandy Blvd. Portland 16. Ore.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04

FOR SALE: A complete welding machine
to repair and make new logging and farm
ing machinery. Wish to retire only reason
for selling. JOE FRANCIS, ia Adams
ST. Corvallis, Ore,
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04

Jean Hersholt, the kindly "Dr.
Christian" of the CHS Wednesday
night show, got his first movie job
in Hollywood in 1915 not because
he could act, but because he owned
dress suit, tuxedo, spats, derby
and cane. He received all of SIS
week.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04

FOR SALE: DENTAL OFFICE
Possessions of established dentist recently
deceased. Contact 40 Stephens. Missoula,
Mont. or Phone 4S41. Missoula.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04
FARMS AND RANCHES

FOR SALE: Between 10 and IA acres of
irrigated land ready for crop. Small set of
building. Close to school. Price So 900.
FRED DIEHM Simms, Montana.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04

NEW PORTABLE SAWMILLS
Several sizes. TdEers, resaws. planners.
power plants Immediate delivery. Write
c. A. WILLIAMS
2720 First Ave-, S. Seattle 4, Wash.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1947-04-04
CLASSIFIED DEPARTMENT.
BUILDING MATERIALS

CONCRETE BLOCK MACHINES 200 to
240 blocks hour, others hand or power As to
100 hour. brick machines, batch mixers
any size. motors and gas engines. MADI-
SON EQUIPMENT CO., Madison. Tenn.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-11-13
Eakins
Entertained
In |vanhoe

One of the loveliest parties of
the fall season was given by
Mrs. w. Ronald Eakins and
Miss Rachel Eakins at the
latter's home in Ivanhoe recent
ly, when honoring Miss Alice
Eakins, bride-elect of this
month.
The Eakins home was taste
fully decorated with greene r y
and various fall flowers. TIL
dining room table was covered
with a lace cloth and centered
with a bowl of white and yellow
chrysanthemums, thanked by
yellow tapers in silver holders.
The honoree was presented
with a corsage of white NUNS
by the hostesses
Guests were greeted at the
door by Mrs. E. l.. Eakins end
Mrs. W. Ronald Eakins, mother
and aunt of the bride-elect.
A steamer made of wedding
bells and lilies of the valley led
the bride-elect to a basket filled
with lovely gifts. She was pre-
sented a gift of her china by the
hostesses
Miss Emily Ann Eakins as
sisted in serving a delicate ice
course Of moulded wedding as
sortment and individual cakes to
the following:
Miss Alice Eakins, honoree,
Mrs. p. l.. Eakins, mother of the
honoree, and Mrs. H. B. Hall,
mother of the groom-elect.
Mrs. c. O.. Russ, Mrs. Bennett
Wagstaff, Mrs. Archie Register,
and Miss Mary 10 Register. from
B%urgaw; Mrs. J. E. Moore, Mrs.
Cecil Eakins, Mrs. R. S. Cur
ganus, Mrs. Carlos Cockman,
Mrs. Dewey Eakins, Mrs. De-
Leon Fennell, Mrs. Joe johnson,
Mrs. Gus Malpass, and Miss
Lila Moore, Miss Nine Moore
and Miss Alice Gurganus from
Ivanhoe.
Mrs. Davis Halves, Mrs. Glen
don Wells, Mrs. A. B. Herring,
M r Emmett Parker, Mrs.
Jackson Eakins, Mrs. Leo
Eakins, Miss Aurrelia Costin,
Miss Lucinda Costin from
Watha.
Mrs. Willie Wick of Atkinson,
Mrs. Coy King, Mrs. Frank
Savage, Mrs. Clue Savage, and
Mrs. Jim Costin of Willard.
Mrs. S. c. Hewlett, Mrs. S. L.
Schulken, Mrs. A E. Eakins,
Mrs H. c Davis, Mrs James
R. Davis, Mrs. ]. l. T Burch,
Miss Callie Scott, Miss LYDIA
Mae Herring, and Miss Iris
Herring from Wilmington
Colombian Indians in the
early days s%cornfully called
platinum "unripe gold.".
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-11-13
Presbytenans
Plan Supper
For Bishops

The First Presbyterian
church announced Wednesday
that reservations have been
made for a capacity crowd for
+he Church Night Supper tonignt
when the Bishop Karl M. Block
NJ the Episcopal Diocese Of Cal
ifornia and Bishop and Mrs.
Thomas H. Wright of Whining
ton will be the guests of the
church.
Leaders of the church ex-
messed a regret that no more
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-11-13
P 20 |

Mrs Frank Loewy of New
York city, has arrived for q
visit with her father, Lew Stein
at the Cape Fear hotel. Mrs.
LoeWy is the former Goldie Stein
of Wilmington.
Mrs. Edward C. Fiss of Char
lotte is visiting her parents, MI
and Mrs. ]. L. Fulbright.
Mrs. ]. w. Rosborough has left
tor a visit in Washington, D. c.,
and Manassas, Va, with friends.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-11-13
Princess Stellings
Visits Art Museum

COLUMBIA, Mo-, Nov. 8-Miss
Princess Anne Stellings of Will
mington, NC, was one of more
than 100 Stephens College stu
dents here who visited the 10th
anniversary exhibit of the St.
Louis Art Museum and attended
a concert featuring Raya Gar
bousova, violoncellist, with the
st. Louis Symphony Orchestra
IN st. Louis, Mo, on Nov. 7
At Stephens Colloaa A1;e.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-11-13
Wesley Memorial
WSCS To Sponsor
B a z a FRIDAY

The Woman's Society of Chris
tan Service of Wesley Memoria.
Methodist church, Winter Park
Will sponsor a bazaar in the edu-
catlonal building Friday evening
at 7:30 o'clock.
Fancy work, homemad 6
cookies, cakes, candies, ETC., will.
De on sale. The nursery will be
open for the smaller children
The women of the community
are invited to attend.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-11-13

reg4stT ations could be accepted
for the supper.
A brief service will begin at
Z o'clock and it is expected that
there will be room in Gilmour
Memorial hall for a number of
other persons to be seated who
wish to hear Bishop Block.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-11-13

Stellings lives in Tower Hall.
the largest of the Is residence
halls on the campus. She IS the
daughter of Mrs. Berniece Srel-
lings, Wilmington, NC.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-11-13
B ! S

R. FREEMAN WEST, JR.
Mr.. and Mrs. R. Freeman West
announce the birth of a son, R.
freeman West, Jr., November IL
at Marion Sprunt annev. Mrs.
West is the former Edna Burnett
of Wilmington.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-11-13
CLAIM UPHELD

COLUMBIA, S. c., Nov. H.
O1-The state Supreme court to-
day had upheld the award CT ST.
200 damages to Clyde K. Laney
for IA bales of cotton burned on
a loading platform at Cheraw. S.
c.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-11-13
PlN.w0RhAS
NOW CAN BE BEATEN

The miseries Of Pin.worms hsvs hsu
Known for centuries. and millions Il viS-
tims have sought . way to deal With tAo
pest that lives inside the human body.
Today. thanks to . special. naaioH1
recognized drug . highly seeeeivs -.
ment has been made possibla. This drug =
the vital ingredient in e.W. The Pin-Ws~
d. Jayne 1 Son.
The small. sssy-to-take p.W Nablsep -
IN . special way to remove Pin-Wsru e
don't suffer with the smbArfAsDin9 feseal
itch caused BY this ugly pest AT ~
druggist for JAMES P.W and foisv r.
directions.
P.H means Pin.Nern x,EGfi
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-11-13

Sprinkle bread crumbs instead
of flour between layers of seal
loped potatoes.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-11-13

Two and one-half per cent OF
S Nebraska births are Legitimate.
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19
Hotel Employees Strike In Phillv

PHI | L ADELPHIA, (P) - The nearly 700 CIO employees of the Bellevue-Stratford hotel went on strike today leaving only 40 su- pervisory employees and a few maintenance men to operate the History central city building.
 Most of the 900 guests, including l50 permanent residents of the fashionable hotel, were still in their rooms when the strike start ed Guests carried their own bags as they arrived and checked out and made their own beds-if they were made at all. The dining room, bar and other such services were suspended.
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19

LONDON (P)-The British cab inet may decide tomorrow to sur render the mandate over Pales- tine which the League of Nations gave this country.
 Government sources said today the foreign, colonial and war of- fices had agreed Britain should quit Palestine, but not attempt to impose single-handedly a settle ment. Britain's views will be pre- sented later to the United Nations, whose special commission recom- mended partition but with Jeru- salem under U. N. trusteeship.
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19

of Connecticut and Charles M. Dale of New Hampshire said Dewey seems to have substantial strength in their states but added that sentiment has yet to crystal ize behind any candidate.
 Meanwhile Taft, who is making a western trip which he has said will determine whether he will come out openly for the nomina- ton, lined up a busy schedule yes terday at Los Angeles.
 He planned to make two major policy speeches and confer with labor union leaders, a group of bankers, members of veterans or ganizations and experts on houS- ing.
 In Omaha, Republican leaders from nineteen midwest and Rocky Mountain states adopted resolu- ton Monday calling for "an open convention without dictation at Philadelphia next June"
 Harry Crane of Topeka, Kas., chairman of the resolutions com mittee, said there had been no at tempt to form a bloc behind any candidate, but that meetings of party leaders from the l9-state area will bring them "close enough so they can and will talk together at the convention.
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19
WASHINGTON, (P)-The gov

WASHINGTON, (P)-The gov ernment today boosted the inter est yield on its one-year certifi- cates of indebtedness to one per cent from the seven-eights of one per cent rate which has prevailed for number of years.
 The treasury said it would of fer next Monday an issue of one- year, one per cent certificates in exchange for the entirety of a $l ,439, ,563,OO0 issue of one-year, seven-eighths certificates matur- ing Oct. 1.
 This action follows the recent trend of slowly rising interest rates for government and private securities.
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19
NEWS IN BRIEF

SEATTLE P)-A former teach CT in Washington state and Alaska Mrs. Mabel Svedlund, of Homer, Alaska, died Tuesday in a Seattle hospital. She was Fl. Funeral services will be held in Evergreen cemetery. Surviving are her hus- band, Nils Olaf; three daughters Mrs. Johnson, Mrs. Steve J. Pen dleton and Mrs. Henry Strand, all of Seattle; two sons, Loran of An chorage, and Fred of Homer; nine grandchildren and one great grandchild.
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19

ROME, (P)-On the eve of na- tionwide leftist demonstrations against the cost of living, the ministry of labor announced today the end of a strike of 100000 farm workers in northern Italy.
 Minister Amintore Fanfani ar ranged a broadcast to outline the terms of accord. The strike has been in progress 12 days.
 Communist leader Palmiro To- gliatti declared, meanwhile, that
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19
WASHINGTON,

WASHINGTON, CP)-The na- tional labor relations board and Robert N. Denham, its general counsel, today allowed AFL and CIO top officers until October 3l to sign affidavits disavowing com munism.
 The effect of the action is that the board will not dismiss AFL and CIO cases before that date.
 Denham has interpreted the Taft-Hartley labor law as requir- ing national officers of the two big labor organizations to sign such affidavits if any AFL or CIO unions are to make use of the NLRB'S services.
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19
SaltOnstall Doesn't Seek Nomination For Presidency
CBy The Associated Press)

(By The Associated Press)
 An announcement by Senator Leverett Saltonstall of Massachu- setts that he is aiming only at an- other term in the Senate gave en- couragement yesterday to support CTS of Gov. Thomas E. Dewey for winning the 1948 COP Presiden- tial nomination.
 Saltonstall, who is likely to be the "favorite son" candidate of his states 35 delegates to the national convention, declared at news conference that CD he is not in the running for the nomination and @ he regards the New Yorker as the contender.
 Saltonstall told reporters Mon- day that former Gov. Harold Stas- sen of Minnesota, Gen. Dwight D.. Eisenhower and Senator Robert A. Taft of Ohio also have friends in Massachusetts but that he rates the six leaders this wey:
 1. Dewey. 2. Gov. Earl Warren of California. 3. Taft. 4. Stassen. 5. Eisenhower. 6. Rep. Joe Martin of Massachusetts, speaker of the House.
 However, Gov. Robert F. Brad ford remarked after a three-hour hotel room conference with Dewey that Massachusetts is wide open right now and I told Gov. Dewey so."
 The remarks by Bradford and Saltonstall followed a tWo-day visit by Dewey to the Massachu- setts capital, where the governor attended the eastern states expo sition and talked with political leaders in private huddles.
 Governors Ernest w. Gibson of Vermont, James L. McConaughy
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19

MOON (P) - The London Trades Council. representing ESQ., 900 organized workers. asked home secretary Clutter Ede today 10 ban all fascist meetings in Lon don and sponsor legislation out laying fascist organizations and activity.
 Its memorandum demanded the re-arrest of Sir Oswald MosleY. leader of the British union of fas- cists who was detained during the war.
 The council followed the lead of British trades union congress. rep resenting nearly s.o0o.ooo workers which called upon the secretary three weeks ago 10 check the spread of Fascism.
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19

LOS ANGELES, P)-The pen of Bert Kalmar, 63, writer of lyrics of some of the nations lead ing song hits, has been stilled.
 Kalmar, writer of Three Little Words" and This Heart of Mine" plus many Broadway musicals died Wednesday night Most of his works were in collaboration with Harry Ruby.
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19
NEW YORK. (P)-Eugene D,

NEW YORK, (P)-Eugene Den his, general secretary of the Com munist party, said last night American Communists believed the time was right for launching a third party but that they would not isolate ourselves by taking such a step without substantial trade union and other progressive support"
 Dennis told rally the party favored "a strong, independent peoples party closely connected with the pro-Roosevelt- Wallace program and movement"
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19

Boston, CP) - The more manly male club has named Gene Tun- ney, Dwight Eisenhower. radio singer Jack Smith and movie actor Burt Lancaster as typical exam ples of real American manhood.
 Miss Helen Ennis of Boston, who identified herself as national president of the organization, said it liked "men who are men, mas culine men, virile men, not the kind who need mothering."
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19
CHURCH O'LEARY HERE ON BUSINESS TRIP

Chuck OLeary made a trip to Nome from his mining property near Teller where he has been op- erating this summer with Jack Bullock.
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19
DIR. HARRIS ON TOUR OF INSPECTION FOR V. A.

pr. Henry Harris of the Veter- ans Administration is on tour of inspection for the disqualification of veterans in all parts of the Ter ritory. He has offices in Juneau.
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19

The weather over the entire course of a flight mission is plotted before an American bomb CT leaves the ground.
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19
BULLETIN

NORFOLK. Va. (P)-Presidenf Truman arrived here today aboard tbe battleship Missouri after a l2- day cruise from Rio de Janeiro.
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19
Friday. September IS. l947

there is will for revolution in large strata of the Italian people. :"
The Nome nugget., 1947-09-19
Hurricane Hits Florida; Millions In Damage Done

tCOntlnued rom Page One) storm roughly 60 miles off the mouth of Tampa Bay at l1:30 am. EST) and forecasts indicated it would slam into the loW-lying western florida coast about mid night, between Pensacola to St. Marks, and winds up to l00-mph. were anticipated
 Civilians in the danger area were being moved to reinforced buildings and beach residents fled to town. Seven Cuban fishing boats landed at Alligator Point as their crews sought shelter. Talla- hassee residents with beach homes rushed from the capital to batten down their cottages.
 Truman's emergency prOclama- ton enables the federal works ad- ministration to distribute relief supplies in all hurricane areas.
 Hurricane winds which mauled the lower west coast of Florida Wednesday night diminished to gale strength yesterday, but con- tinued to hamper transportation and communication.
 In Atlanta, the federal reserve bank announced that credits would be extended to finance re- placement of storm-damaged pro- perty and would be exempt from usual consumer credit controls.
 At Montgomery, Ala, Governor James Folsom offered all aid to Florida, and ordered 12 Alabama highway patrolmen into the storm area for disaster duty. The Red Cross and other agencies braced for the newest blow.
 NEW ORLEANS. (P)-The dead center of the hurricane is believed 10 have passed over here at $40 am. tcST) today. The storm broke. rain stopped. and fhe clouds lifted briefly.
 The barometer was down to 2e.64 and still falling.
 The weather bureau said inc calm may last as long as one hour. Residents were warned not 10 ven lure outside. as the second half of the hurricane must still be un- dergone. Ii will return from ex- actlY the opposite direction.