Evening star., 1947-06-29
Russians
Continued From First Page.)

Hartman and Secretary of Agricul-
ture Clinton P. Anderson are due to
arrive in Berlin July with Saffs
of experts to study economic prob
lens in Western Europe. Their
itinerary includes the Netherlands
Belgium, France and Britain as well
as Germany.
Of these countries all but Hol-
land and Belgium are desperately
short of many of the necessities to
, sustain life. All but Holland have
experienced numerous postwar po-
litical turnovers, and more turn
overs are expected unless the man
in the street is better clothed and
fed
Heavy over Western Europe hangs
the threat of Communism, the po-
litical force emanating from Soviet
Russia that already has made such
leaping strides in Eastern Europe
and the Balkans.
An Associated Press survey of re-
action in interested countries
showed today that the Paris meet
ings are being watched with cyni-
cism and pessimism.
Yves Gallagher, chief Of the As
Sociated Press bureau in Germany,
said the Germans are gloomy on
any concrete results coming from
the Marshall plan. Having just read
of the failure of the Moscow con-
ference, they look with a cynical eye
on fundamental differences on eco
nomic problems being solved at
Paris.
Furthermore, they have seen the
four powers in Germany completely
stalemated on economic and politi-
cal problems since the end of the
war, and they expect these diff
ferences will be carried over into
the negotiations for the Marshall
|plan.'
Italians Skeptical.
Charles H. Guptill, chief of the
Rome bureau, reports the same
skepticism among italians, declar-
ing Previous failures of the great
powers to find basis for coopera-
ton do not encourage the Italians
to set too high hopes on this Ameri-
can initiative Some, evidently in
terpreting the plan as signifylng an
offer of further American handouts,
believe the victors will get first con-
sideration in distribution of what
ever benefits there are.
"Other Italians" he said, sex
press the opinion that more prac-
tical results can be obtained, so far
as Italy is concerned, by bi-lateral
arrangements with the United
States to rehabilitate italian econ
omy."
The average Belgian believes that
"if no agreement with Russia is
reached at the Paris conference the
world is heading for major catas-
trophe," the Associated Press bureau
in Brussels reported.
Holland does not need food any
more, Amsterdam dispatches said,
but building materials, textiles, ma
chinery and tools for reconstruction.
Transportation Needed.
France and Britain are both in
tensely interested in the plan be-
cause they need the means to pro-
duce wheat, coal and electricity, and
transportation to distribute the
products of their economy.
Between the German and Allied
air forces. the biggest percentage of
railway rolling stock in Europe was
wrecked.
AS for the Russians, one veteran
American correspondent with five
years experience in Moscow, said
the Russians had come to Paris ito
ask for the same things they have
always asked for before at inter-
national neutrality-suspicious. and
share in the Ruhr."'
Russian demands that fell on deaf
ears at the Moscow conference were
for $4,000, 1000. 900 reparations and
four power control of the indus
trially potent Ruhr,
This opinion was reinforced in
the Communist newspaper LHu-
mantle in Paris today when it de-
clared, ''it is inevitable that the
Question of Germany and German
Preparations will be brought up soon.
Railroads burn about one-fourth
of all Diesel fuel consumed in the