Evening star., 1947-11-14
Foreign Aid
CONTINUED From First Page.)

will end Tuesday and the commit
tee will begin considering the legis-
lation on Wednesday, he said.
Mr.. Dulles, who testified before the
Senate committee, is one OF Amerl-
cats representatives to the United
Nations and was foreign affairs ad-
wiser to Gov. Dewey of New York,
the Republican nominee in the last
presidential campaign.
Mr.. Dulles said Western Europe'S
fundamental ailment is its division
Into many small economic COM
partments."
Turning to the forthcoming meet
ing of the Council of Foreign Mini
sters at London, Mr.. Dulles called
for a three-power treaty to guar
antee disarmament if the four major
powers cannot reach agreement at
the conference. He said such an
agreement among the United States,
Great Britain and France will go
far to assure that fear will not be
the designer of postwar Europe"
Ruhr Called Starting Point.
Developing his remarks concern
ing a unified Europe, Mr.. Dulles told
the Senate committee:
Certainly, if our Government be-
lieves in increased economic unity
in Western Europe, the place to
begin is the Ruhr, which is both an
area of unique economic Significance
and an area where we have govern
mental power.
Let us not forget that today the
United States is, in Germany, a
Western European government. Our
exhortations to other Western Eu-
ropean governments will sound hol-
low if we ourselves fail to do what
we expect of others. We ought to
set the example.
In summary, therefore, I urge:
Firstly, that the program for Eu-
ropean aid should be considered not
primarily in terms of money, but in
terms of the ideas which the money
would promote.
Secondly, that the basic idea
should not be the rebuilding of
prewar Europe, but the building of
a new Europe which, more unified,
will be better Europe; and finally,
That promotion of that idea re-
quireS that we ourselves find for
bizonal Germany (the British and
American areas and particularly
the Ruhr, political solutions which
will enable German productivity
safely to play large part in pro-
noting economic welfare in Europe.
What I have said fits, I believe,
into what Secretary of State Mar
shall has cogently and powerfully
expounded.
IF I have selected certain mat
ters for emphasis, it is because of my
profound conviction that the final
program needs to emerge, not merely
as competent technical document
but as a dedication to a great work
of creation.
The program should be so clearly
endowed with creative purpose that
it will catch the imagination and en-
list the strong support of the people
both of Europe and of the United
States. That, know, is the inten-
ton of the administration. But
also on that matter the Nation re-
lies heavily upon the coordinate ef-
fort and judgment Of the Congress. "
The only critical note Mr.. Dulles
aimed at the administration related
to the past handling of the economic
possibilities of the Ruhr, which he
called bad or inadequate.
In most of Europe" he said,
the outcome must depend primarily
upon governments other than our
own. There is, however, one area
where we are the government-that
is Western Germany. In the BIZ
zone the United States. with the
United Kingdom, exercises the gov
ernmental power. Under that power
is the Ruhr with its coal deposits,
its industrial machine and its
trained manpower. Those assets
constitute the economic heart Of
Europe.
Policies Bad So Far.
1--WE can there use our power to
, 1l1S1 CCSC Va S4CoSoC SAlS SSoA4oAAAAS
strength of Europe. So far our pol
icies have been bad or inadequate.
If American taxpayers are now to
foot a tremendous bill for aid to
Europe, it is in large part because
as a Western European government
we have acted with indifference to
the economic recovery Of Europe u
Mr.. Dulles went on to add, how
ever, that American administration
in Germany is not primarily re-
sponsible. because before there can
be an adequate economic program
for the Ruhr, certain major polit-
ical decisions must first be made
Mr.. Dulles said that, as early as
January. ls45, it was proposed that
the United States. Russia, Britain
and France make long-term four.
power treaty to guarantee German
disarmament.
Unfortunately" he continued
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