davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1947-01-25

legislative director of the Legion,
said last Wednesday the Legion
does not feel any ceiling should
be placed on the income of vet
eran in the on-the-Job training
program and claims to have the
support of the National Associa-
ton of Manufacturers in his pro-
posal.
'The imposition of ceiling on
the incomes of veterans engaged
in the educational and Job train
ing phases of the CT Bill of Rights
and the limitation of a twO-year
period placed upon the on-the-
Job ironing program is an out
right Injustice to the men who
fought World War H. Mr.. Taylor
charged. THAT ceiling has been
the cause of thousands of vet
Grams abonding their promised
educational opportunities. 1t is
impossible for a veteran and his
family to I've on 5000 a month
in these times of Inflated living
costs"
The AVG showed that 200 vet
Grams from 1872 colleges had drop
ped out of school of financial
Continued on Page 3
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1947-01-25

Eldridge Singleton and Julius c.
Tatum. The young men whose
names are mentioned above are in
the Senior Glass at Lanier- High
School. They should complete
their work at Lanier in June 1947.
If these young men are sue
cessful in this competitive ex-
animation, they will receive at
the government expense four yrs.
of college training in some insti-
tuition selected by the govern
ment.
The tests were given by Prin-
cipal l. S. Sanders and M. J.
Lyells on January IS, 1947.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1947-01-25
Nine States
REPRESENTED at
Beauty Congress

The Executive Committee of
the Southern Beauty Congress,
Inc, held their mid-year meeting
in Birmingham, Alabama, Deem
Der 81, 1916 through January 4,
1947. Plans were endorsed for
the largest sectional Congress
ever held in Negro Beauty Gull
ture. Many new features were
presented and accepted. Out
standing leaders in the field of
business will officially open the
Congress at Birmingham's his
torical 9th Avenue Baptist Church
located on the south side Of the
magic city, Rev. J. W. Goodgame,
Pastor.
Attorney Charles w. Anderson
Of Louisville, Kentucky was elect
ed honorary member of the Exc
cutive Committee. The Execu-
tive members present were: Mrs.
Ruth ]. jackson, Chairman, Mr..
Adolph R. Phillips, Vice Chair
man, Mrs. Ernestine Foster, Cor
responding Secretary, Mrs. Pearl
E. Davis, Assistant Secretary,
Mrs. Wilma G. Nichols, Treasur-
er, Attorney j. Mercer Burrell,
Legal Advisor, Mrs. Beatrice Pat
ton, and Mrs. Ola Mae Forte.
The State Chairmen were CIV
en- courtesy tickets to the annual
Vulcan Bowl Game. The states
represented were: Tennessee, by
Mrs. T. B. Boyd, Kentucky by
Mrs. Josephone Hubert, Texas by
Mrs. Jessie Hicks, and Alice JEFF
ferson Whiting, Louisiana by
Mrs. Ola Mae Forte and Mrs Dor
othy Hardy, North Carolina by
Mrs. Pearl E. Davis, and Missis-
sippi by Mrs. Amanda Turner.
Mrs. Allura G. STAINS will dir
ect the panel discussion, Beauty
Culture is Indispensable to Our
Modern Mode of Living. Manu-
facturers, jobbers, businesses and
institutions have already made
reservations for the nineteen
booth show, and eighty page Con-
gress Journal. A citation of
award will be presented the most
outstanding citizen in a certain
southern section. Leading bust
ness and professional men and
women will serve on the National
Advisory Committee. One of AM
erica's expert hair designers will
illustrate the art of hair styling.
New features in Beauty Culture,
including the art of salesman
ship and shop ethics, will be CIV
en- at the Southern Beauty Con-
gress Clinic. The beauticians will
direct their patrons to choose
their beauticians as they would
they physicians.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1947-01-25
Laniier Gives
Entrance
Examinations

Lanier High School gives en-
trance examination for Naval
Reserve Officers Training Corps
and Naval Aviation College Pro-
gram to eight candidates. These
candidates were as follows: Har-
grow Barber, Oscar Beasley, En-
NETT johnson, Ernest Johnson,
Morris johnson, Leroy Lucas,
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1947-01-25
Black and w ite
Children Suffer
Alike Under System
TRANSFORMATION SUPPORT
ED BY STATE AND FEDERAL
FUNDS NOW NATIONAL NE
CESSITY
Black And White Children Suffer
Alike Under System

Washington, D. c. (NNPA) =
| DR.. Mordecai w. Johnson, presi-
dent of Howard University, built
an imaginary skyscraper last
Sunday to illustrate what he
termed "the educational butch
cry" of third of colored child
rem and the educational starva-
ton" of another third.
/ Speaking to a radio audience in
the forty-second series if "Ameri-
cans All" over station WWDC,
DR.. Johnson said:
If the American primary and
secondary school system were a
skyscraper, the building would be
sixty stories higr. There would
be nearly 10000 New York school
children on the tob floor of it,
receiving an education which
costs $4,000 or more per class
room per year.
"Sixty stories down consid-
cradle distance even for an ex-
press elevator there would be
SO, 90 Negro children in the seq
regated school system of Arkan-
sas, Georgia and Tennessee, in
classroom with the same num-
Der of students, receiving finan-
cial support of less than $500 per
classroom per year.
IF there should come a rocket
bomb which blew off twenty
eight stories practically half of
our skyscraper, not single Ne
gro child in the segregated school
system would be obliged to leave
his classroom.
eff second rocket bomb
should come and destroy the
structure clear down to the six
teenth floor, it would cut our
American education system in
half; but 94.7 per cent of all
Negro attendants - 1,831,000 -
could still continue their work
safely, in their classrooms below.
"If yet another rocket bomb
should come, and should blow
away all the building except the
four bottom floors CSC out of so
stories now gomez, 80 per cent of
all white children in the United
States would have their schools
destroyed; but over half of the
Negra school children would still
be there. At best they would
have classrooms costing $500 Der
year, with a teacher whose salary
would be 1892 per year as in
Mississippi, or 1911 per year, as
in South Carolina.
Decent American education
cannot be had on this level. The
education of the great bulk of
Americans-at the median-costs
four times as much. The educa-
ton of the average (median)
child in the 81 states of the North
and West, costs five times as
much, per classroom, with the
same number of children; while
the average (median) New York
classroom costs ten times as
much.
"In the excitement of exploding
bombs / forgot that had the at
tendance book in my hand. 1t
is burned and charred, but I can
read it. Look here! There are
100000 Negro children repre-
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1947-01-25
Howard University President Says South Staggerir
Under Double Educational Burden
Presidents Committee On Civil Rights
Enters First Phase of Job

lob. We are none of US entirely
familiar with just how far the
Federal Government under the
Constitution has right to go In
these civil rights matters.
81 want our Bill of Rights inn
plemented in fact. We have been
trying to do this for $50 years
We are making progress, but we
are not making progress fast
enough. This country could very
easily be faced with situation
similar to the one with which 1t
was faced in 1922. That date
was impressed on my mind be-
cause in 1922 | was running for
my first elective office County
Judge of Jackson County and
there was an organization IN that
county that met on hills and burn
ed crosses and worked behind
sheets. There is a tendency IN
this country for that situation to
develop again, unless we do some
thing tangible to prevent 1t.
81 don't want to see any race
discrimination. l don't want to
see any religious bigotry break
out in this country as it did then.
"You people can, l think, make
real contribution here, with the
assistance of the Attorney Gen
eral and the Office of the Presi-
dent, that will get US tangible re-
suits. Our work has got to start
at the grass roots, and in start
ing at the grass roots it has got
to start in the hearts of the peo-
pie themselves.
81 appreciate highly your will
ingness to spend your time on a
matter of this kind. You may
get more brickbats than bouquets,
Your willingness to undergo the
job shows that your hearts are in
the right place.
Il know you will go to work In
earnest and | hope that you Will
bring me something tangible by
which we can accomplish the pur-
poses which we have been trying
to accomplish or $50 years, ever
since the adoption of the Consti-
tuition"
Mr.. Wilson: eve will do our
utmost, Mr.. President. We all
realize the complexities of the
job that you are giving US, but
we will do our best to work some
thing out and hope it will be help
full"
The President: 81 am sure it
will be. | have been very much
alarmed at certain happenings
around the country that go to
show there is a latent spirit in
some of US that isn't what 1t
ought to be- 1t has been diff
cult in some places to enforce
even local laws. | want the At
torney General to know just ex-
actly how far he can go legally
from the Federal Government
standpoint. l am a believer IN
the sovereignty of the individual
and of the local governments.
don't think the Federal Govern
ment ought to be in a position to
exercise dictatorial powers local
ly; but there are certain rights
under the Constitution of the Un-
tied States which l think the Fed
eral Government has right to
protect.
'It's big job. Go to itp'
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1947-01-25
Segregated School System Poor
Advertisement For Democratic Nation
Transformation Supported By State
And Federal Funds Now Necessity

senting SO 1-3 per cent of all the
Segroes of school age in these
18 states who did not attend
this public school system. They
were receiving no education at
all.
system "In 425 counties about
third of the counties in Is
states where 100000 Negro chill
dren live there were no 4-year
public high schools at all.
"And here is the senior high
school graduating class, Out of
9 million Negro Americans in
these 10 states there were 10000
candidates for high school grad
uation.
"Here then is the segregated
system of primary and secondary
schools for Negroes. What an
advertisement for the leading
democratic nation in the world,
with an annual income exceeding
q hundred, and fifty billion dol
lars
'oThe facts will show that the
segregated system of higher ed
ucation for Negroes is just as
bad and even worse.
"Our realistic Army leaders tell
us that during the war an average
of 35.5 per cent of the Negro
registrants this percentage
reaches as high as 43 out of a
hundred in state like South Car
Dina could not pass the Army's
standard minimum intelligence
test. AS many as Fl 1-2 out of a
hundred from Louisiana could not
read the English language as well
as a fourth grade child. AS many
as % out of a hundred from Mis-
sissippi could not write their
names. They signed with cross
mark.
1--WE are not looking here at an
educational system. We are look
ing at a process which results
in the educational butchery of a
third of Negro children and in
the educational starvation of an
other third of the childhood of
the Negro people. We are look
ing at a deadly peril to our ma
tional life which robs US of our
most precious resource in our
time of greatest need the re-
source of intelligently able men.
"There are two deeb roots at
the basis of this pitiable educa-
tional structure for Negroes in
these Is states. One of these is
the persistent indisposition of the
public leaders of these states to
remove the wide disparity be-
tween the expenditures on white
and Negro children. More than
so years after the emancipation
of the slaves these states are still
spending 2 3-4 times as much on
the average (median) classroom
for white children as upon the
classroom with the same number
of pupils for Negro children. I'm
til 1880 the gap was growing
wider. In a state like Louisiana
the average classroom for white
children received in 1939-40 seven
times as much financial SUPPORT
as the average classroom for Ne
gro children.
"Since 1929-30 the gap has been
closing, but the will toward equa-
lily falters and stumbles and is
confined to a very limited area.
At the present rate it will take
rs years to bring the classroom
of the Negro child up to the
median for the whites, and $50
years to bring it up to the median
for the nation.
"But this is not the whole
story. We catch a glimpse at the
other big taproot of our diseased
segregation system when we see
the average white child in the
south receives an annual expen-
Continued on Page 81
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1947-01-25
New Bills To
Increase Veterans
Benefits
By James L. Hicks
NNPA Staff Writer


Washington, d. c., Jan. -
| (NNPA) - Despite President
Truman's statement in his annual
| message to the Congress that the
program for benefits for veterans
is now complete, veteran legSla--
! ton Introduced during the last ten
days indicates that sentiment
both in and out of the Republican
dominated Congress is not in a.
greement with This view. Repres-
entative Edith Nourse Rogers, Re
publican, of Massachusetts, new
chairman of the House World War
Veterans Committee, last Monday
introduced a bill which would
raise the subsistence allowance
of single veterans from S65
month to 500 and that of mar
ried veterans from $50 a month
to 1925 with an additional so for
each child.
The bill also would raise the
| ceilings allowed veterans in on
the-job training positions from
the S175 now permitted sing lie
veterans, to $500, and the 5000
ceiling allowed married veterans
to 1925.
This means that, if passed, the
government would add an addi-
tional S35 a month to each vet
eran now in school undr th G
Bill of Rights and in some cases
as much as 1926 a month to vet
Grams in the onthe-job training
program.
Just what this additional out
lay wouldamount to in actual dol
lars and cents is difficult to state,
but more than 100000 veterans
are attending school or acQuir-
ing skill under the CT Bill and
the program for veterans, ex-
elusive Of terminal leave paw and
mastering out pay, already cost
ing over $7,OOo.O0O 4 year -
more than one fifth of the total
Federal Budget.
That the increasd in subSis
tence allowance and on-the job
training ceilings is justified is sup
ported by detailed study of liv
ing costs of veterans made by the
American Veterans Committee and
inserted in the Congressional Re
cord by Mrs. Rogers.
The AVG study indicates that
costs of food, clothing, and rent
alone exceeds the average singue
veterans income. The report also
shows THAI the average single
veteran spends between $40 and
$40 a month for food, $40 for
| clothing, and SIS for rent. This
amounts to an average of SO a
month before cigarette money
and miscellaneous expenditures
which takes about 80 per cent of
the veterans income are added in,
the report states.
For married veterans the sit
uation is even worse according
to AVG. Married veterans aver
age between $40 and S75 a month
for food, from $40 to sos for rent,
and $40 for clothing - a total Of
s145 before miscellaneous expen-
ditures are added. These figures
run from ten to twenty per cent
higher for veterans with child
rem, the report added.
The American Legion, strong
est of the veterans organizations,
in full accord with an increase
II veterans allowance1 and in
addition, has introduced through
Representative Dwight Rogers, of
Florida, Democrat, another bill
which calls for immediate cash
redemption of Gil terminal leave
bonds. Mr.. Rogers introduced the
original terminal leave bill pas
sed by the seventy-ninth Congress.
John Thomas Taylor, national
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1947-01-25
Justice Dept. Files
Exhaustive Brief
By LOUIS LAUTIER
For the NNPA News Service

Washington, D. C. - AS the
first phase of its task, the Presi-
dents Committee on Civil Rights
has embarked upon a study Of
hok far the Federal Government
may go under Constitutional linn
itations in protecting individuals
in their civil rights.
Justice Department attorneys
filed with the committee at its
first meeting at the White House
last Wednesday an exhaustive
= brief giving the historical back
ground of federal civil rights leg
islation, outlining important Su-
preme Court decisions constituting
such legislation, and pointing out
weaknesses in existing law in the
light of numerous civil rights vio-
lations which have come to the
attention of that department.
In accord with the advice given
the committee by President Tru-
man to begin its work at the
"'grass roots" and Gin the hearts
of the people themselves" the
views of individuals and organi-
cations interested in civil liber-
ties will be sought.
Charles E. Wilson, president of
General Electric Company, was
was designated chairman of the
committee, requested at the close
of the meeting last Wednesday
that such individuals and groups
communicate their views in writ
ing to the committee here in
Washington.
''The Presidents Committee on
Civil Rights can only accomplish
the detectives outlined in the Pres
ident's directives if it truly rep
resents the wishes Of the peoble
of this country" Mr.. Wilson said,
adding:
mo group is capable of inter-
preting the rights of a free peo-
pie without adequate expression
from all who constitute our demo-
crazy"
Mr.. Wilson said the immediate
task of the committee in its very
broad inquiry into the civil rights
problem" was to review existing
civil rights statutes and look
into the possibility and advisable
ity Of legislation to strengthen
those statutes.
However, the President wants
US to go beyond the immediate
problem of enforcement and get
at the basic causes of civil rights
violations and the occasional
breakdown of local law enforce
ment," Mr.. Wilson explained.
"This is a very large order,
indeed. 1t gets right down to the
basic things we live for and live
by. Everyone of US, | know,
approaches this task with a sense
of dedication and deep response
bility. AS we enter upon it we
know our work will be Intellectual
unless we find in the public the
same sense of dedication to the
principle of civil rights that we
ourselves feel"
Attorney General Tom C. Clark
met with the group and outlined
some of the difficulties in en-
forcing existing civil rights laws.
Office space is being sought
for the committee not far from
the White House and a staff will
be provided for it.
In informal remarks to the
committee, President Truman,
without calling names, reminded
the group of the resurgence of
the Ku Klux Khan in the 1920s.
He also sboke out against race
discrimination and religious big
otry. The ext of his informal
statement follows:
"You have vitality important
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1947-08-07
Proceedings OF The
Board OF Supervisors
CONTINUED from Last Week.

Continued from Last Week.
1t is hereby ordered that the fol-
lowing accounts be allowed payable
out of Separate Road District No. l.
for salaries, labor, materials and
Supplies, to-wit: Cliff Hughes 101.25;
Clinton Booth 101.25; Edwin Buck
103.50; Willard Bruce 5000; Rich
Kealhofer $3.50; H. S. Terry 10000;
II H. Lehman 69.75; H. H. Griffin
1920; Mac Grantham 105,75; Dave
Grantham 1880; Floyd McNeer 80.
90: L. c. Johnson 10000; The Texas
Company. 26.72; Super Service Sta
ton 42.00; Super Service Station
i94.31; Lexington Wagon & Black
smith 32.75; Auto Parts & Sales Co.
1869; Peoples Oil Co. 299.72; Peoples
Oil Company 1920; Standard Oil
Co. 56.40; Povall Hardare Co. 1870;
Glen McNeer 237.60; W~eathersby
Chevrolet Co. 121.11;; w. A.. Harvey
Store 1865; Terry's Garage $500;
Lexington Implement Co. 2.93;
RED. Gravel Co. 29.75; Ramsey
Thurmond Co. 8.45; Jackson Road
Equipment Co. 1882; Jackson Road
Equipment Co. 194.81; Jackson Road
Equipment Co. 1890; Sou. Equip
ment Sales Inc. 62.96; Southern
Equipment Sales $50; Southern
Equipment Sales Inc. 1913; Southern
Sales Inc. 1854; Watkins Aldridge
Equipment 1928; Watkins Aldridge
Equipment Company 1865; Watkins
Aldridge Equipment Co. 64.80; Wat
kins Aldridge Equipment Co. 22.50;
Watkins Aldridge Equipment co.
37.43: Watkins Aldridge Equipment
Company 215.40; The Fincher Co.
1882; Peterman Bros. 1903.
It is hereby ordered that the fol-
lowing accounts be allowed payable
out of Separate Road District No. 2
for salaries, labor, materials and
supplies. as follows: A. c. Autry 140.
90: Elum Mcbride 1925; Dennis
Mcbride 96.75; w. M. Mcbride 50.
rs: Halbert Farmer 1925; Jim Sid
don 1925; Will Walker 1878; Rays
CLAY Gravel Co. 29.75; Western Auto
Store OBS; Mrs. Mildred Holmes 3.
90; Red r Service Station 42.70; Red
IT Oil Co. 1888; Hammett Gravel
Co. 223.13; Texaco Service Station
1881; Arkansas Fuel Co. 1929; Ark
ansas Fuel Oil Co. 45.95; ]. L. Ma
son 1000; Trenton Lumber Co. 1872.
so; Hand Motor Co. 1910; Dicker-
sons Garage 900; Campbelrs Stan
dard Service Station 8:45; Standard
Oil Co. 87.87; Texaco Service Station
SITS: A..C. Autry 2.10.
It is hereby ordered that the fol-
lowing accounts be allowed payable
out of Separate Road District No. 8
for salaries, labor, materials m
and supplies, as follows: H. c. Brock
5000: T. E. Haffey $500; Humphrey
O'Reilly Co.a53.54; Ebenezer Cash
Store 1890; w. L. Ellis & Son 6.12;
The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985, 1947-08-07

1929; The Lexington Advertiser "a.
90; Capitol Printing Co. 1897;
Hederman Bros. 255.26; Underwood
Corp. 1871; Lawrence Printing Co.
sos; Capitol Printing Co. 54.76; De-
met Printing Co. 1856; Parham H.
Williams, Clerk Alb; Minnie Jor-
dan, Circuit Clerk SOFT; Hal Gillian
$500; c. c. Pahlen, Secy. 1900; Miss.
Power & Light Co. 2.75; Southern
Bell Telephone & Telegraph Co. 6.
SIS; Povall Printing Co. 800; Texaco
Service Station $50; l.. w. Rabb
$500; The Fincher Co. 11.16; Ram
sey-Thurmond Co. 2.65; Miss State
Highway Dept. 2.30; w. R. Sullivan
266,66; w. r. Sullivan 200; Miss. Pri-
nting co. 3.61; Eulalie johnson 5000;
A. P. johnson 10000; B. H. Cooper
1000; Virginia Smith 1880; Virgin
la Smith EGO; Lodge No. "a 500;
Louise Edwards $500; Lexington
Wagon & Blacksmith Shop 1900;
Vining Typewriter Service 14.50;
Tom L. Ketchings Co. 4.16; Parham
H. Williams, Clerk 1890; W. L. Muir
tagh, Sheriff $40; o. S. Williamson
100; j. B. Williamson LOO; w. H.
Mooney 100; Parham H. Williams,
Clerk 100; w. L. Murtagh, Sheriff
400; H. C. True 100; H. M. Jordan
LOO; E. A.. Mann Loo: Parham H.
Williams, Clerk 1? 90; W. L. Muir
tagh, Sheriff 900; I z Taylor, 100;
H. r. Roberts 100; G. T Rainey LOO;
w. L. Murtagh, Sheriff GOO; w. l..
Murtagh, Sheriff 1900; The Fincher
Co. $50; Davis We'll Mfg. Co. 1920;
City Of Lexington 1890; Miss.
Power & Light Co. 1918; Ramsey
Thurmond Co. LOB; Ramsey-Thur-
mond Co. 22.37; Miss Stationery Co.
24.76; Henry Ice & Cold Storage 6.
90; Phil Hendrich 500; Herman ms.
Agency 350.90; Western Auto Store
0.98; Crown Service Station TO;
The Fincher Co. 029. w. L. Murtagh,
Sheriff SITS; Crown Service Station
ITO; Povall Printing Co. 8.75; Chan
Gerry Clerk, Rankin Co. 1925; She
riff of Rankin Co. 11.80; H. S. Stub
blefield 100; w. D. Ragland 100;
Roy Robbins 100.
1t is hereby ordered that the fol-
lowing accounts be allowed payable
out of the Bridge Fund for salaries,
labor, materials and supplies as
follows, to-wit: v. B. Matthias 5000;
Matthias Lumber Co. 434.00; Choc-
taw Inc. POPS; Choctaw Inc. 1882;
G. D. Thornton 905.90; Browne Bros.
1875; Clay Wilkes Jr. 123.75; Bit
Kyzer 105.75; Richard Ellis 1875;
Jackson Road Equipment Co. 650.00;
D. H. Dew 231.30; L. o. Spell 5000;
L. O.. Spell 104.00; l.. o. Spell 275.
CO.; Charlie Jackson 500; G. D..
Thornton 301.85; John Wesley Moore
$500; Wade Thurmond 1900; L. o.
Spell 1880; c. o. Sudbeck 1900;
Maxwell & Owens 1860; G. d. Thor
nton 598.30; N. w. Malone 1000;
Doyle Rogers 1900; Jimmie Tolar
1900; Edward Chisolm 1900; E. c..
Wentworth 1900; Earl Mclean 80.
90; S. E. Rutledge 292.50; S. E. Rut-
ledge 1900; Sam Gwin 1880; Oliver
Mclean 5000; CampbelTs Welding
Shop 1890.
1t is hereby ordered that the fol-
lowing accounts be allowed payable
out of the Miscellaneous Fund,
for salaries, labor, materials and