davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-01-07
A Good Man for the Job

Other chairmen of the Senate
District Committee have appointed
clerks to help them with local legis-
lation. But when Senator McCarran
became chairman he made it con-
dition of his acceptance that the
Senate authorize appointment of q
committee counsel on whom he could
rely for spadework in connection
with local legislation Renah Cana
lier first filled the post, with such
credit to himself that it has become
a recognized committee fixture. His
successor, j. G. Sourwine. followed
Senator McCarran to the Judiciary
Committee and when, in the course
of human events, Senator Bilbo took
over the reins of the committee he
brought to the post Mr.. J. o. Day
from Mississippi, whose lack of
previous experience in preparation
for such work might be called
unique.
This is the background of the news
OF Senator Bucks selection Of James
r. Kirkland, well-known Washing
ton attorney, to be new District
Committee counsel. The appoint
ment, in The Stars opinion, is ex-
cellent. Mr.. Kirkland has lived here
since his boyhood. He served as an
assistant district attorney before
going into private practice and he
has identified himself effectively
with community activities. One of
his very creditable services was as
chairman of Bar Association COM
mittee which arranged programs for
naturalization of new citizens and
he gave to these affairs dignity and
symbolism which were fittingly i'm
pressive.
He knows Washington well, his
neighbors regard him highly and
are pleased that he is the one who
is to perform much of the liaiSon
work between the local citizens and
the District Committee. Senator
Buck is to be congratulated on an
appointment that can mean much
in the nature of the services to be
rendered the community by his
committee. 70
Evening star., 1947-01-07
The Liberal Cleavage

The new organization calling itself
Americans United for Democratic
Action" has made praiseworthy
start. Formed by group of 130 men
and women-including Mrs. Frank
lin D. Roosevelt and Leon Henderson
1T advocates a broad set of lib
eral- principles. 1t declares strongly
against Communists and their SYM
pathizers. and against Fascists and
Fascist sympathizers. because both
are hostile to freedom. 1t holds that
the United States must give full
support to the United Nations; it
Endorses the American atomic con-
troll plan; 1t favors a foreign policy
backing democracy everywhere; it
calls for a strengthening of civil
liberties in our own land, and 1t
would work for healthy and pros
porous domestic economy" by pro-
noting decent living standards for
all.
These are good principles and OBJ
jectives, and Americans United for
Democratic Action"-which appar-
emily has no third-party ideas-can
play a constructive role in support
ing them militantly. 1t can be a
kind of gadfiy. kind of prod. to
the two major parties-a voice ready
to speak out and appeal to public
opinion against narrowness of vision
or blind reaction in government.
But it will be watched with interest
for more reasons than that. 1t has
been formed because of a cleavage
among groups describing themselves
as liberal, the rival organization
being the Progressive Citizens of
America" Pea is made up of the
former offshoots of the CIO-PAC
committees. and it counts Henry A.
Wallace among its key members.
Unlike AUDA, Pea has already
hinted at a third-party movement;
Its attitude. toward Communists is
Evening star., 1947-01-07
Army-Navy Moratorium
By George Fielding Eliot

Within the next five years, the ablest
military minds of this country expect
very great changes to be made in the
weapons and equipment of our armed
forces. These will involve changes in
tactics and technique and changes, OF
course, in training. They may be such
as to bring about changes in our ma
tional strategy-presuming, as we may
well presume, that we shall not in five
years time have dispensed with the
need for giving serious consideration
to strategical matters.
This being the case, it seems pity
that we cannot lay aside, for the next
i've years, the furiously red-hot ques-
tion of unification of the armed forces.
to change as we go along, may have to
alter out of all recognition within a
few years. The existing War and Navy
Departments are perfectly capable of
taking care of our national security
for the immediate future, and would be
even more so If Congress would i'm
mediately enact those features Of the
proposed unification measure on which
there is full agreement between the
services.
These include % national security
council, to consist of the Secretary of
State, che service secretaries, and the
chairman of new organization per-
forming roughly the same function as
the old War Production Board; (O
central intelligence authority; CD q
central authority for scientific research
and development along military lines:
"a statutory recognition Of the joint
chiefs of staff. One step more might
be taken-the President might be au-
thorfzed to appoint chairman for the
National Security Council with special
powers as presidential deputy to re-
solve interservice differences. Particu-
Iarly, this. officer might be charged with
bringing about interservice budgetary
planning and coordination.
Admittedly this would not be salts
factory to the Army proponents OF uni
1fication now My army friends will. /
am sure, regard this suggestion as Navy
propaganda. But how can any one
who is sincerely devoted to tine cause of
national security really desire the con-
tinuance of the present condition of
interservice controversy, which takes
up so much of the time and thought of
officers and officials at all levels OF
authority in both departments?
Consider what q fve-year moratorium
on unification might accomplish:
First we would nave time 10 see what
changes we're brought about by new
weapons and new methods and also by
international developments.
Second. during the i've year period
Evening star., 1947-01-07

we would have FIVE classes Of high
ranking students passing through the
National War College studying together
the broad aspects Of war and of national
security and passing out into their re-
spective services again, to occupy posi-
tions of high authority.
Third, during the same period we
would have in operation our seven
joint overseas commands, in which
joint staffs, under single commander,
would be working out the practical
problems of joint command in peace
time
Fourth, the national security council
and the joint chiefs of staff would have
an opportunity, under statutory au-
thority, to work on interservice CO.
ordination and to discover what could
be done and in what respect improve
ment was required,
At the end of five years, the whole
matter could be reconsidered, In the
light of the experience thus gained,
and without the heat engendered by
present urgent attempts to rush uni
fication through Congress while the
going is-or seems to be-good.
Meanwhile. the consolidated congress
sional committees on the armed forces
will have a chance to shake down ut
their new jobs. A new President and
new service secretaries will have been
three years in Office and will have
brought new points of view to the
broad problems of administration which
are involved The question of universal
training will have been settled The
shape and character Of our commit
ments under the United Nations char
ter will be far more sharply defined
than they are at present.
One possible difficulty with the sug-
gested five year moratorium" is the un-
questionable need for autonomy for
the air forces. To establish separate
department Of air at this time, how
ever, should not be too much of dis
location-or the air force could be
set up as separate military force
under the temporary administration of
the War Department for an interim
period Of five years.
This latter plan might, indeed, pro-
vide most useful testing ground for
some of the theories on which the idea
of unification is based.
tcopyright, 1919
Evening star., 1947-01-07

relatively mild; its spokesmen have
opposed important features of our
atomic control plan; in general, it
seems to be much more to the left
than AUDA. Both organizations call
themselves liberal, of course, but
they are obviously divided-particu-
larly on the issue of Communism. As
a political development this may not
be overly significant, but certainly it
is marked change from the united
progressive front OF recent years, and
it is worth watching.
Evening star., 1947-01-07
Our Unbalanced Judiciary

senator WleyS statement, as new
chairman of the Senate Judiciary
Committee, touches on point which
has been of some concern to those
who have a jealous regard for the
standing, in public estimation, of the
Federal judiciary.
The present political character Of
the membership of the Federal
BENCH" he says, 'is grossly lopsided
on the side of the Democratic leftists.
I shall try to restore balance so
as to assure for the bench an ade-
quate supply of able iurists (includ-
ing a fair share of Republicans all
of whom will be of unimpeachable
judicial standing ="
One may pass over, as matter of
opinion, whether the Federal judi
ciary is now lopsided with "leftist"
Democrats. There is no doubt, how
ever, that it is lopsided with Dem
ocrats-good, bad and Indifferent.
Senator Wiley has requested the
Attorney General to supply infor-
nation on the present number of
Republicans appointed to the bench
since 1882. The Department OF JUS
tice furnished The Star with COM
parable figures last october. They
showed that since 1888 there had
been appointed to the United States
Supreme Court 9 Democrats and 2
Republicans (this includes the ele-
vation of Republican Harlan F.
Stone from Associate Justice to
Chief Justice); to the Court Of Ap-
peals for the District of Columbia, 8
Democrats and Republican; to the
ten Circuit Courts, 46 Democrats and
Republicans; to District Courts in
the United States, 146 Democrats
and 2 Republicans. Including ap-
pointments to other Federal courts,
the total came to 222 Democrats and
Republicans. and of the judges
then sitting as members of the Fed
eral judiciary in the United States,
191 of them were Democrats and 6
were Republicans.
The average citizen does not be-
lieve that party afhliation makes
any particular difference in a mans
qualifications for the Federal bench.
But much of the prestige of the Fed
eral bench results from the tradition,
at least, of its nonpolitical complex
ion. That tradition certainly suffers
when we find, over a thirteen-year
period, 146 Democrats and only 2
Republicans appointed to the Fed
eral District Courts. In fact, 1t so
damages the tradition that people
are apt to regard the separation Of
the Federal courts from politics as
nothing save a tradition, and rather
an empty one at that.
Senator Wiley's determination to
restore some balance to the Federal
judiciary will be applauded, so long
as it does not become merely the
process of applying, in reverse, the
policy which created the unbalance.
The courts will gain in prestige when
judicial appointments are marked
by their discriminating selection OF
citizens who have won merit as pub
lic-spirited practitioners of the law
and whose party labels are not
counted in weighing qualifications
for the judiciary. That is the process
that would, in time, restore balance
to the bench.
Evening star., 1947-01-07
Reproof SuIutory
rom the Toronto Globe and Mail.

Students protest against racial dis
elimination In Toronto, and against
infringement of religious and civil lib
critics in Quebec, by coincidence were
made upon the same day. This double
protest is an encouraging sign, and the
students, are to be commended. 1t is
good that they are conscious Of their
freedom to learn and to think, and
accept the responsibility which the
schools they attend have in the main
tenance of these privileges. 1t is un-
fortunate that the students should have
been given the occasion to make their
protests by the conduct OF their elders,
and the reproof Is salutary.
Evening star., 1947-01-07
Junuury

This thin gray antelope that thrends
The moods OF ujnter, light as smoke
The gray ghost of a fire once lit
BetUeen the maple and the OAK
Does not require the braDe young grpss
For sustenance, nor sharp iOild cherry,
But Darms its strange heart at feast
OF wildrose fruit and. .bldckthorn berry.
With no rain cnpped in a broad Leaf,
And In the path no deU-drencted areed,
1t drinks iohite stars OF sn0fc, or sips
A draught OF crystal from o reed.
oh, von tciH neDer see tt 80.
Nor on the moss In slan1ber lost.
But pou may find small hoofprsHf
stu snsokinc IN the silper frost.
YETZA GILLESPIE I.
Evening star., 1947-01-07
Quitting in Punic?

From the st. Louis Post-Dispatch.
Four top Government executives in
washington have quit within week.
It seems that Mr. Truman's appointees
are accepting the recent untoward turn
Of events with resignation.
Evening star., 1947-01-07
Explosive in Character

From the Cleveland News.
A magazine that asks, what makes
married people fight?" can expect thou
sands OF replies, some of which may have
to be opened under water.
Evening star., 1947-01-07
Sad Experience

From The London Free Press.
Horses can be trained to follow a
leader, says trainer After some years
around the tracks we had come to the
same conclusion n
Evening star., 1947-01-07

Wants a Woman President
To the Editor of The Star:
Women have advanced in every walk
and field of human endeavor to the
point where now supreme effort should
be made to name woman as can
didate for President on either the
Democratic or Republican slate.
Can it be done?
GEORGE WASHINGTON BOOTH.
Repeal Advocate Speaks Out
To the Editor of The Star:
The first thing to do is repeal the
Wagner Act.
Haven't you had enough?
N. B. HAFLEIGH.
Buchanan, Va.
Evening star., 1947-02-07

as 1t Is to the Palestine Arabs them.
selves. We, and all Arabs, however
do not object to q guarantee Of full
rights to Palestine Jews as minor
ity, but only as a minority"
The minister conceded that as re-
Gently as 1899 there were some Arab
leaders who would have accepted the
partition of Palestine.
1.-THE Jews had not then emerged
as poer in Palestine and it was not
realized then that they would become
la menace if they were granted part
of Palestine to administer for them
selves" he said.
Zaki Bey said that only a traitor
Arab now could conoone so much as
one independent Jewish city or VII
lage in Palestine.
"That space of Independence" he
said, would be. however small, a
place to concentrate power that
could threaten the security of all
Arab countries"
The Trans Jordan Minister said
his country, despite differences over
Palestine and despite the criticisms
of other Arab League nations, no
Evening star., 1947-02-07

tabiy Syria. remained . steadfast
lally Of Britain.
I'VE believe" he said, "that Brit
ain is the best ally for us If we are
to have an ally. and we are obliged
to have one because we still are un-
able to isolate ourselves from the
world and remain one of the tiny
states with divided powers and re-
sources"
King Abdullah's recent visit to
Turkey was described by zaki Bey
as a part of the trend in all Arab
nations to improve relations with the
Turkish government. He discounted
talk Of a Trko-Arab bloc, saying
there were too many obstacles and
difficulties in the way of such q
project.
One of the principle obstacles, he
Evening star., 1947-02-07
|Transjjordan 70 Fight
Palestine Partition,
Minister Declares
sy fts A..oeio,sd Press

BAGHDAD, Feb. THE Jews OF
Palestine, says an Arab diplomat
summarizing the views Of the Arab
League, have become an active
menace" to the independence OF
the Arab nations.
The 'tfeverish effort to obtain
power" by the Jews during the war
years, their "aggressivenesss and
their record of terrorism are clear
indications of ominous Jewish de-
signs, leaders of the Arab League be-
lieve.
These opinions were voiced here
by Umar Zaki Bey al Afyuni. Trans
Jordan minister to Iraq, in a recent
interview in which he said they also
were the views of King Abdullah and
the Trans-J Jordan government.
you can say one thing definitely, y
he declared. "That is that King
Abdullah will not now and never will
agree to any plan of giving Jews any
Independence in any part of Pales-
tine.
Partition of Palestine, on what
ever basis it may be proposed, is
completely unacceptable to the king,
Evening star., 1947-02-07

said, was the reluctance Of Lebanon
and Syria to accept any bloc prof.
ect proposed or accepted by Trans
Jordon.
The recent visit Of Prince Faisal
Saud, Foreign Minister Of Saudi
Arabia, to King Abdullah, was de-
scribed by the Minister as another
in the increasing moves to further
cooperation among the Middle
East states.
Evening star., 1947-02-07
Grocer Forfeits $50

Emil Jaffe, q grocer doing business
at $50 Seventh street S.W., forfeited
$50 in Municipal Court yesterday
on three charges that he sold short
weights Of beef and ham to his Gus
toners during December and jan
uary. Judge John p, Mcmahon or
dered the collateral forfeited.
Evening star., 1947-02-07
Geographic Society to Meet

Clifford ]. Kamen, lecturer anc
free-lance photographer. will speal
on 1.-THE Contrast Of Chile" before
the members of the National Geo.
graphic Society at 8:15 o'clock to.
hight in Constitution Hall.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-03-19
Spread Of tuberculosis
In Europe Stressed

An alarming increase in tubercu-
losis presents Europe with its most
severe infectious disease, according
to DR.. Arnold P. Meiklejohn. senior
nutrition consultant in UNRRA's
European office.
The overall death rate from
tuberculosis is now at least twice the
prewar level and in some places Is
much higher, the expert declared al
a news conference yesterday al
UNRRA headquarters here.
Widespread underfeeding in E,,-
rope also is marked by an increase
in infant mortality, with Poland and
Yugoslavia reporting one child in
three dying within the first year OF
life, DR.. Meiklejohn said.
Despite these developments
UNRRA food has averted three
major famines in Europe-in Greece
Yugoslavia and Austria-the official
declared.
although UNRRA has been able
to prevent the disaster of major
famine in Europe. its resources have
not been sufficient to remedy an i'm
portant incidence Of undertaking
Now with UNRRA food shipments
drawing to a close, their food needs
are intensified and they face the
primary health program of obtain
ing sufficient calories.'
DR.. Meiklejohn said there may be
a tendency by member nations con-
tributing to UNRRA to forego fur
ther aid. But, he added, "it's still our
affair.""
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-03-19
Louisiana Pastor Accepts
Call 10 Luther Rice Baptist

DR.. Clayton Waddell. pastor OF
the First Baptist Church of Opelou-
sas, La, has accepted a call as
pastor of Luther Rice Memorial
Baptist Church here, Tate Culber-
son, chairman Of the Pulpit Com
mittee of the church, announced
today.
DR.. Waddell will take over his
duties here April l. He succeeds
the Rev. Luther j. Holcomb. who
resigned last year to become pastor
of the Lakewood Baptist Church,
Dallas, Tex.
The new pastor is a graduate Of
Howard College, Birmingham, Ala;
Southern Baptist Theological Sem
mary, Louisville, KY, and Yale
Divinity School. He served as as
sistant pastor of First Baptist
Church, Baton Rouge. La, before
taking over the pastorate at Opelou-
sas in 1943
DR.. and Mrs. Waddell will live at
524 Quintana place NV. They have
three children.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-03-19
War Department Strives
For Economy, Royal Says

The War Department is concen-
trating on economy and sound fls-
cal management" Undersecretary OF
War Kenneth C. Royal told the
Eastern spring conference Of the
Controllers Institute OF America
at It's final session yesterday.
During the war, dollars could not
be the real controlling factor" he
said. Where the issue was drawn
between waste Of lives and waste
of dollars, 1t was money that had
to give place"
He said no one could reasonably
question" the need of an adequate
Army and Navy for protection
against aggression. then added:
There Is a peacetime limit be-
yond which neither America nor
any other democratic nation will 20
in preparation for war-a limit in
enthusiasm and a limit in dollars"
The conference began Sunday
All sessions were held in the Hotel
Statler.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-03-19
State Of War Declared
In Paraguayan Revolt
~ The Associated Press

ASUNC1ON. Paraguay. Mar. 49,
Full-scale civil war confronted this
South American nation today as the
government of President Higinio
Morinigo mustered its strength for
a showdown with rebels holding
large areas in Northern Paraguay
The government decreed last
night that the revolt-torn country
was in a state of war and Col.
Federico Smith, As, one Of Para
guay's heroes of the Chaco war
against Bolivia, emerged from re-
tirement 10 resume command OF
government forces.
The decree declaring that state
OF war existed said 1t was issued in
accordance with international
agreements signed by this country
for defense of the continent against
subversive movements Of total
itarian character"
The government repeatedly has
contended that the rebellion, which
had its roots in the city Of Concep-
cion last week, was Communist d.
rected and the decree itself charged
that Communists in nearby Bolivia
and Uruguay had offered aid to the
rebels.
The decree gives President NORM
iso's military forces power to draft
men. property and money for the
fight against the rebels and to sus-
pend any laws. The Morinigo re-
gime has the same power it would
have If Paraguay actually were at
war with a foreign power.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-03-19
Brotherhood to Hear
Of Chuutouquu Program

The full story Of the program and
accomplishments of the Jewish
Chautauqua Society will be told by
speakers at a meeting at $3.50 o'clock
tonight of the Brotherhood Of the
Washington Hebrew Congregation
in the vestry of the Temple, Eighth
and I streets NV.
Speakers will include Rabbi Nor
man Gerstenfeld, of the Washington
Hebrew Congregation; Rabbi Hugo
Schiff. OF Alexandria, Va; Rabbi
Abraham Shusterman, of Baltimore
and Leon Berkowitz, of Philadelphia
chairman Of the societys executive
committee.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-03-19
Rome Officials See Intervention
OF Tito in ItoIy's Affairs
By Constantine Brown
Star foreign A.Eairs Analyst

ROME (By MaiD Article ~ Of
the peace treaty with Italy is con-
sidered by high-ranking officials in
Rome as the diplomatic gateway
for the future Intervention Of Yugo-
slav Marshal Tito in Italy's affairs.
This article provides that the
italian government must surrender
all war criminals the Allies may ask
for. The fear is being expressed by
Italian officials and by responsible
Americans and British that this
clause will give Tito the excuse to
send military forces into italy.
Before the treaty was signed,
Yugoslav requests for the surrender
Of those whom Belgrade designated
as war criminals had to be pre-
sented to American and British au-
thorities. The decision as to whether
the persons demanded by the Yugo-
slav government were actually war
criminals, and the responsibility for
their surrender, rested with Wash
ington and London.
After the treaty is ratified, the
Rome government will be solely re-
sponsible for the surrender Of tens
of thousands Of persons who today
are in camps controlled by the Brit
ish and Americans.
Two Groups Lack Country.
There are two categories Of men
without a country in Italy. First,
soldiers and officers who surren-
dered to the Allies during and after
the German collapse. Second. ref
ugees from behind the iron curtain.
The former are estimated to num-
Der between $4,000 and $4,000 per-
sons and are maintained in camps
under British or American super
vision. The British have the large3t
number, some $4,000 Serbs and
Croats, the majority of whom are
said to be remnants of Gen. Draja
Mihailovich's forces: some 5000
Ukrainians, former Polish citizens
who volunteered for the German