davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19

Jane TyTsll. secretary CathsTins
RurksT, assistant sscrstaTy' Irving
BlumbsFR, treasurer.
The report Of the nominating
committees created quite = cOnuo'
ysrSy. wisn . member challenged
the right Of William Cratic, acting
chairman II the COMMITTEES. 10
campaign for" persons nominated
BY the COMMITTEES. ~
After . brisk discussion 0ppO.
Bsnts 81 Cratie's methods Of read.
ing his report lost their fight
against HE procedure BY vote Of
the nesting.
IN addition 10 the ~ persons
nominated by the COMMITTEES for the
executive board, four other persons
we're nominated from the floor. Two
Of them, DR.. W. d. Brown and Cecil
Newman, were reelected.
The fuIl board membership elect.
ID was: Mrs. william AbdbsTK.
Mr.. irving BlpmbsrE. Martin
Brown. Curtis ChiVers, Harold
Combs, Miss AIlIs Glenn. Wendell
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19
Allie c. Johnson
Motive North
nnlrnAnrn Niaa

Allie G. johnson. IS, died at her
home, SIT Fremont Ave. NJ, Thurs
day, Doc. II, after q lingering ILL.,
meas. She was the wife Of Clarence
Johnson, pianist in Twin Cities for
q decade.
Mrs.. johnson was born in Bis
march, N. D., and has been q resi-
dent Of Minneapolis for twenty
three years.
Funeral services were held Mon
day. Dec. IS, at 900 p. m. ut Neal
Funeral Chapel. Father TAonAas a
Sc. Phillip church oificiatsd. Dor
0thy Pittman played the organ. and
Henrietta POsten sang. Burial was
at Crystal Lake cemetery.
She II survived BY her husband,
Clarence johnson; one brother, Ed.
Robideau, and tWo sisters, Sadie
Case Of jamestown, N. D., and Vic
toria Haaf Of San Francisco. Calf.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19
Amanda Hunter
Sdint Paul Resident
For n YOuTB Dies

Amanda Hunter, 90, bs3 Sc. An.
thony Ave, died Sunday. Dec "a,
Rt her home.
Mrs. Hunter was born In Mia.
sOuFi and made Minneapolis her
home twenty -ssvsn years ago.
Funeral services were held o,
Pilgrim Baptist church with Rev,
Floyd Massey conducting the Ssrv'
Zee. Wednesday, Dec. H. She was
buried al Elmhurst cemetery,
Survivors are hsr daughter. Mrs.
Harriet West, and two grand
children, Miss GsrtTuds willis and
Mr. Lionel West.
Neal Funeral service.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19

Reeeasitatsd BY Law but have BE-
come policy through usage"
He said the experience Of the
Army in the European theatsr dur
ing the last war offered conclusive
proof that Indignation can he &C.
eomplishsd without the dire injury
to our fighting forces which some
predict"
"In fact" he continued, "the re-
suits achieved indicate that full and
complete Indignation is the only
way IN which the fighting forces can
be most effectively and efficiently
mobiliEed.
"Wastage Of mAnpower resources
by continuing useless, OutmOded,
and immoral practices Of racial dis
elimination based upon theories Of
racial superiority which are no
longer intellectually respectable IL
q luxury demonstrated by the last
war which this country can III AZ.
ford in modern total warfare" the
ave chairman declared.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19
Mrs. Lillion Gould
Mpls. Resid dent for
Forty Yo0rR Dies

Miss Could, who was born in
New York City. was = resident Of
Minneapolis for forty years. She
was at one time active in ST. Peter
Church. She had been confined TO
the UptsRrove Rest Home before
being removed 10 St. BaTnAbas.
Funeral services were held Mon
day. Dec. Is at Woodland Funeral
Chapel with the pastor Of st. Peter
A. N. z. Church, Rev. II. c. Boyd.
officiating. lntsrment vas at Hill
side Cemetery.
Miss Gould IL survived by . sis
ter. Mrs. Grace A. Golden. and .
nephew, Lorenzo Golden.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19
Mayors Council
Reflects Reuben
YOungdahI ChrTn.

The Minneapolis Mayors Council
on Human Relations reelected Rev.
Reuben YounRdahl, pastor Of Mount
Ollyst Lutheran Church. Monday,
At lie meeting hsld 1t the Dyck-
man Hotel.
Lyman Edslman, attorney, was
elected first vice chairman and
Cecil Newman WAs named 10 The
Bswly-crsRtsd post Of second vice.
chairman.
Bradley Morrison, editorial editor
Of the DAILY TINES was re-
elected secretary and Emmett
o'Brisn Of Boyle Monument Co,
treasurer.
The Council was told partial rs-
port on the Tscsnt Self Survey was
expected In . month.
Mayor Humphrey told the C01ncii
IL had accomplished . real Job Slnss
itS organization slightly over q
year aEo.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19
Bethesda Baptist
Pays OF Pastor
O.K's Resignation

Members Of historic Bethes.
da Baptist church. Mime
apolis. paid or their pastor,
Rev. A. +. Martin, last week
and gave him q "leave Of alb
scnce" until Feb. 10. BY this
action the church accepted the
resignation which had been prsvi.
OUsly prodSrVd Il by the pastor,
An amount said TO have been
$500 waa paid Rev. Martin who
had dramatically offered the church
his rVAiEnAtioR on Nov, 10.
Prior 10 the ministers offer Of
his resignation, q petition had been
widely circulated asking the OFT.
ciAl hoard 10 call . meeting 10
protest against action Of Rev. Mar.
tin In refusing 10 allow q vote on
. matter submitted by the trustee
beard,
Sunday morning the church was
well Allied and Rev. y, q, Harris
preached the sermon. Next Sun.
day morning, Dec, ~. Rev. II. W,
Botta, Jr., viii preach.
Sunday 10 3 ., M. some members
Of the Bethesda congregation pre-.
sumably supporters Of the resigned
pastor, held services under hIS d..
Fsctlon Al the Fourth Ave. Church
Of God In Christ, 2tSI Fourth Ave
So.
A spectator reported ~ persons
including the minister and his wife
were present
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19
Rev. G. 7. r. Nelson
Spodks at st. jones
Sunday Night

Rev. c. T. Il. Nelson Of Indian.
Apolis, former g. Paul pastor and
civic leader, now serving ~ sIeeu.
tive secretary Of the Christian Edu.
cation department Of ths Lexington
Conference Of the Methodist church
will speak ~ tine evening ssTVicS st
81. James A.M.E. church, ~. Paul,
Sunday at 4 .. m.
The program IL sponsored by the
Senior Choir and ID the regular
Fourth Sunday Musical Of that
choral group. A splendid musical
program has been arranged. Rev.
Nelson Ia returning from . trip IN
the Pacifie coast.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19
Pride Of West
Elects Estell0
Sims MutTon

Pride Of the West Chapter No. Q.
o. Z. s., held its annual election Of
officers Tuesday. Dec. Q.
The following persons we're elect
cd. appointed and installed for the
ensuing year.
Mrs. EstsIla Sims, worthy ma.
tron; Mrs. Alice Wise, associate
matron; Mrs. Fern Helm, eondue-
treas; Mrs. leila Shepard. $3.50
eiste e0nductress: Mra. Clara Al.
len, chaplain; Mira Wayne mccoy.
marshal; Mrs. Blanche Briseo, sec
Rotary; Mrs. Lena Cobb. treasurer;
Mr.. Mamie, wardsT; Earl Sims.
sentinel: Mrs. Alma Jefferson. Ada
Mrs.. Nevada ssabron, Ruth; Mrs..
Mary Duke. Esther; Mrs. Lucy.
Martha; Mrs. Frances withsr-
spoon, Elscta-
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19

Robert Wright, who served as
laymAn-in-eharge Of Sc. Thomas
Episcopal Church for two years,
was ordained A. . deacon In the
Episcopal Church Wednesday morn
ing.
The ordination took place al ST.
Marks Cathedral at 1890 a. m.
with Bishop Herman Page Of the
Northern Michigan district ofici-
ating.
Mr.. Wright was presented for
ordination BY DR.. John s. Higgins
Of Gethssemane Episcopal Church.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19
End of Discrimination "
In State Guard Units |,
Seen by Legion Head

Legion, gave every assistance 70
the Volunteer Veterans Committee
whenever such assistance was 70
queSted. Most members az the Com
mittec pleaded the caaas ef Ne
gro youth whenever and wherever
veterans gathered In conventions
or mAnA meetings.
Dcsplts the democracy which
characterized the Volunteer Vsesr-
ans Committee, Schlsma began 70
develop. Arguments were brought
into committee meetings that had
no bearing on the program. Repre-
scntatlvcu Of one post Withdrew
and ceased 10 cooperate with the
committee. The remainder banded
together and made solemn pledge
that there would bS no more defec-
tlons, or other matters discussed
until the National Guard issue was
settled,
General Hints PIaA Approved
Then came . tnAl meeting with
AdjutAnl General walsh, In which
Il was limited that the committees
had been successfal. The commit
too msmhera were asked 10 with
hold any public announcement an"
III anal details were worked out'
and n tentative date set for ints-
grafton 10 boroms effective. The
committee agreed 10 this and kept
ltA word,
Two days before the date Of pub
lIc announcement. members Of Az
tucks Brooks Post, the withdrawing
group from the Veterans Volunteer
Committee, formed q separate con-
mIttes and went bsfors GeSernof
Youngdahl, and accused state on.
elalu Of inalnceTtty.
After . stormy session during
which the sincerity Of the Attneks
Brooks Committee was Questioned,
the program returned 10 ~ normal
rourus, and plaAa were carried ous
for tho public announcement be-
fore Baker Poet. ."a
A. the meeting Sunday held By
the three veterans organizations
Of n. Paul, Notwithstanding me
hunt statement that intsRration IN
the National Guard would Be thor
ouKh, and without discrimination
In any branch ~ service, AdjutAnt
General Walsh was twice que~
toned ~ 10 the truth or falSity
Of the proposed plans,
shortly after he Sunday meet.
ing adjourned. . conference was
held with Attacks Brooks repre-
ssntativeu. This Was followed with
an announcement that differences
had been IFoned out, and that haE-
many would prevail In future group
veterans activities regarding The
gatISuaI Guard lnses.
Edt,ag.s Moo Jhs Altasha n.esa. p.sl
~ - AaleVlaaA teniaA wee anetll.l lspfs
= .,.,ss ~klsb sp1,sssaA h this aswspapNg
80 yea, Tks asws Fsleass skish fsashss
,hls pspsg az 90 ssH,sls ths ess's y
,kel. W SBassstanA aash nasiassSh 90
10 lnaAssftshas,
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19
Mpls. Elks To
Hold Annual
Riddles Party

kmss Lodge % thu LB.f.o.E.w.,
Minneapolis, will hold In annual
Christmas party for the klddisH at
the Elks Rest, I4s Highland Ave.
No. Christmas day, Dec. 2bth Al
1850 p. m.
Fruit, candy and nuts will be
given 10 the children. A program Of
music, under the direction Of Mrs,
Ida Taylor. senior mother Of the
Juveniles will be offered also.
All children are invited % come
and Join the fun at this party.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19

Union No. ii4s G. l. o. During the
war he was employed at Twin CitIsn
Ordnance and 81 Minneapolis Mo-
line. A. the lAttsr plaes he was
union shop steward. lie 10 also &C.
tive In tho Shirt Blssves Club, twin
organization u human relations
workers.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19

Amss Civil LbeTtiss LsaR1s 70
slsctsd C. r. Msndosa, president
Dee. n, st the annual election u
officers. 0tbsF officers named were
C. J. Van WinkIs, vice president;
Mary HBdsOn. second vice prSsi-
dent: Penn Williams, third Vios
president; csTtruds White, treas
ursT; Leon Lewis. aRaneial Sscrs-
tsry; Ruby Bobs. recording Sscrs-
tary; James Hudson. chaplain. and
Shelby Jones, SsEEsant-at-arms.
Installation Win b bid IN Jan.
uary.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19
ClemmOns Is
Reelected Gopher
Elks Ruler

Members Of Gopher Lodge I0S,
iBPoEw, 81 Paul. gave Q vote a
eoHhdsnes In lie past AdmInistrn-
ton last week b. re-slseting Go
ohissFs. Exalted Ruler julius
Clsmons was returned for his iath
term without opposition.
otbsrs elected werss HaFTison
Davis, leading knight, EnoaA
Marshall, Loyal knight, william
Ballard, LseturiRg Knight; John
Sparks. Esquire, Aron Brndford,
Inner Guard; william wAits. TIlsr;
A. ,. Lswia secretary; L a..
ovynns, troasursri James BFuas
and 2. n. LAaEy. trustees.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19

Palestine Lodge Has New Hall
Palestine Lodge, y. and An.
has leased the hall above the Cas-.
HIps Club Cafe At 2O7 Third 81.
That lodge and . HumbSF Of
other lodges win hold their regular
meetings there.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19

~ the eHnual
election Of Of.
hcsrs. lie won 70.
election over
present Vios.prsS.
idsnt Curtis ChiV.
sTS, who was
nominated for ~.
fee from the
floor.
Other officers
elected were
William Cratic.
vice president;
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19

A. J. Lewis, Gopher Lodge, and d..
LsEAr Howard, Como Temple.
fishers were Brothers william
White, l.. A. Gwynns, william
starksy, John Sparks and y, A.
Galloway.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19
Kenny GalI0ps -
Yards for Touchdown

LOS ANGELES, Calf (NHPAJ
Kenny WsEhsnEtOn took . direct
pass from center md ran ~ yards
for q touchdown 80 The Los Angeles
Rams WailOped The New YOrk
Giants, SI-Io. here last Sunday.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19

Ths report described hSw natives
had bsam -gradunIly sorted cut and
ssnt 10 The reserves selected from
thsl." and LA Chish. u chfna.
psOts1tsd -thas typs q sFbttrsgy
soFtinG cot into reserves b not con
ds<ivs 70 The dsysIopmsat Of tAsir
sapnsity fer sslf-gysSEmmsnt.-
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19

w nc arhn,
on December
10, the other
Atajoint meet
ing Of Leslie
Lawrence and
A / I u c K =
Brooks Posts
Of the Amer
lean Legion,
and Twin Star
Post. Veterans
Of Foreign
Wars, Sunday.
December Ia.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19
Ry Rem PEERY, SIR.

= In two speeches during the
past week, one before Johnny
Baker Post, American Legion.
Aal .. .. . .,,-,A-
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19

Albert Allen, prsaidsnt Of the
Minneapolis branch o. the NAACP
since iStG, was rs-slsetsd Sunday,
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1947-12-19

Kal,ag.s Rglsi Jhs Attastn ngesh. pnsl
" ~ AnleE,aaA LsHtaA ". ees...l 49,
= .,.',s ,Skisk spt,sses.i - this asWspapNg
80 yea, Tks asws Fsleass skish Fsash,..
40 0apsg az 90 eupHtsla ths eanss ~
,ksI. W SpAssslsAA sush naiaslSa vss
Evening star., 1947-10-19
Mr.. Moore Takes Modern Civilization
For q Ride in New Kind of Cosnic Comedy
GREENER THAN YOU THINK
BY Ward Moore. William Sloane Associates; $500
povio bvM

Ward Moore back the Flood for the idea this ingenious
visitation man-made brought
pin l named A vo nd
of Moore Identifies himself
This little v Mr. Moo ee ea
pushes up the pnR the yacht in ALBERT
M nee he s1 s s ny o s
any any, love % Interest & to EXPLOIT m the fsca the
ecual kind of cosmc comedy about inability
developed tale
''Ip1i' IS It Significant s'sss Of Atomic Discovery
this omnyorou weed set on its rampage by irresponsbiy and
Think warning its menacing ms1se2 Is
ons that made America nvbe Normandy and It
be the Russian when the Russians
when they invade California they
Mr. Moore never indicates exaeIv what means nG % as
fable with ends neatly tied off Perhaps each
The story starts nnocenty nrgungy
Weener to j. Francis the
i put an to nieriy and hunger and all its ar
Msgded she inru the fatal elixir to weener who
promptly tries out the lawn
the house the neighborhood and
~sr by sharp ~ fire. chemicals explosives and other
hurricane rides it out trmphantly
Leacase the vuperative editor of
door-to-door canvasser is transformed
~ While the grass growing in the the
stuy bumblng legislative
Descriptions Committee the bitter
1he OAR refuses the faction
runs contest for sotons) the ysterca pemanency
face OF certain destruction the
And displaced Americans fnd themselves
systems in countries to which they
When the unsuitable weed
out of hand does the manipuaons of
and the meaning of the story
fully twohirds the SNUG and
connng add to the
effect He is living example of mediocry fattening calamity
Mr. Moore might have sharpened
and would have done better to confne his
promises nch more than he actually delivers
be delivering sermon in hall where the
But the spectacle of the United States facing of
victory alone worth the
Evening star., 1947-10-19

TO war. That is not the DANCE.
with which he is concerned. 1t
Soviet expansionism, and a part
that expansionism is the permanei.
hold which the Soviet Union hope
to get on Germany by refusing tt
conclude peace treaty for tha
country and maintaining her forces
Of occupation there.
This is how Mr.. Byrnes' book
points up to the challenge he wishes
the American Government to max
to Russia's hold in Eastern Ger.
many, a challenge which, assumin,
Russia refuses to yield at somt
point along the way, will certainl,
lead to a crusade of arms in ordei
to get peace in Europe.
The first step, Mr.. Byrnes says
should be an American Invitation
to the other members of the Counci
of Foreign Ministers to call a peace
conference on Germany. The con-
ference would proceed in spite OF
Russian refusal to join in.
The conference should draft a
peace treaty and obtain German
ratification, probably by plebiscite
The treaty would call for evacuation
of all occupation troops. We would
leave, Russia would be told she must
do so.
If Russia refuses the matter would
be. taken to the Security Council as
threat to peace, and If Russia
uses her veto there to stymie Coun-
Gil action against her, the United
States and every nation which
stands with her should proceed
then, in full confidence in their
Righteousness, to apply measures
of last resort against the Russian
troops remaining in Eastern Ger
many.
The statement OF this pattern oil
action is restrained, it is responsible
and it provides plenty of oppor.
tunity for Russia to see the light
along the way.
Evening star., 1947-10-19
Another Chapter in
The ZoIton Saga
5TEPHANIE'S SON

STEPHAN1E'S SON
BY Philip Freund. (Beechhurst
Press; $3J
This is the third novel in Mr..
;Nreunds saga of the Zoltan family,
hat proud clan whose affluenJ men,
,eFS have promoted themselves from
the broWnstone fronts of New York's S
-Iungarian-German colony of York
lille to Park avenue
Like a previous novel to which his
name gave title, Edward zoltan
actually is the chief character OF
this sequel, though the story is built
around an early crisis in the life of
his adolescent cousin, Michael Lauer.
When Michael's cherished great
uncle Louis kills himself at the age
of 87-the second suicide in the
family, the boys father having end
ed his life years before-Michael
can find no comfort in his church.
He is a ready prey to an outfit called
the Tao Amanda Society, to which
a young friend takes him. The high
priestess is called Nine. Ramachak
and she's so steeped in Oriental lore
that she forgets at times that she's
really Mabel Green. Her interest in
the intelligent, esthetic Michael
transcends that of teacher for pupil.
Michaels unsympathetic mother is
suspicious.
Eventually Edward Zoltan is
called on to save Michael from the
law, into the clutches OF which
Nine Ramachak has entangled
him.
Mr.. Freund is novelist of un-
usual gifts. Earlier in this year he
published a short novel called East
er Island" which was, in my opinion,
one of the best books of the season.
"Stephanie's Son" has a vein of
ironic humor running through It.
But its overlong discussions of the
surrealists and Of Eastern religions
give it a certain static quality. There
are too many times when the story
bogs down in philosophic morass.
&C. B. J.
Evening star., 1947-10-19

pdllellCe WHICH Is ueIlIcQ Dy tlle
Importance of the stakes.
Mr.. Byrnes has wrapped up two
and a half years of world history
in war and out-and comes to the
judiciouSly worded conclusion that
what the Russians want is EVERY
thing they set forth in the written
statement to Hitler, together with
a number of additional aspirations
they have developed as result of
their success in the war"
To Dominate Europe.
The written statemenr to Hitler
in November, 1910, concerned Fin
land, the Dardanelles and Burgaria,
Iran and the Persian Gulf, and
North Sahkhalin. AS for the addi-
tional aspirations: II do not doubt
that their ultimate goal is to domi-
nate, in one way or another, all of
Europe"
So much for the broad Soviet OBJ
jectives. What about their tactics?
Mr.. Byrnes' record-much of it his
own stenographic notes of conversa-
tons any proceedings-is a recital
of broken agreements, artificial
difficulties raised by the Soviet and
diplomatic conflict with no parallel
in history.
Besides obvious bad faith-doing
one thing while saying another
Russia is shown at Yalta, Potsdam,
London, Paris, Moscow and New
York to have resorted to general OBJ
structiollism, untiring debate over
procedure, exploitation of reasonable
differences, artificial generation of
others and rank violations of the
pledged word.
Over all these tactical maneuvers
hangs the pail of propaganda with
which Foreign Minister Molotov
dresses every conference.
These are the objectives and the
tactics. What can we do about it?
Mr.. Byrnes finds no disposition on
the part of the Soviet Union to go
Evening star., 1947-10-19
Mr.. BromfieId Returns to the Novel
Field With All of His Old Skill
COLORADO


BY Louis Bromheld. (Harper Bros s275J
In this tale OF the rowdy Bromhed with
iuy nuinor OF which his earlier little evidence
Coiorado his first fulength years and
proves nst ne has lost story-teer through his
cent pFeoccupaton with
mgh entertaining certainly Bromhed
ast leW novels Beyond thatand perhaps
more OF an amusing nothing knowledge
the era and the scene to the Americana years ago.
me characters are pretty well typed There's Meaney,
pioneer mining tycoon who everything
and whose name suggests his ovearng
meek we VINO actually knows the
sons tnee OF them brawng Westerne
TO become gentleman Dick and returning
m opens There s besides Eudora
oos 10 h bed seven years when Tilted
eve OF he Weoone we nave Madge
has, beneath tough exterior silver gold
Scenes of Violence Humor
The unfalng humor which nfuses
CONFUSION
the opening night OF Us
broken-down singers plotting
the youthful lovely voetta Meanys protegee
conversion OF Mr. Chasworthy the
Ihre are some swell fights explosion the Meany silver
mines the inevitable revolt
kidnapping family scandal and other ingredients which Hollywood
overlook p 7