davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-09

dredges are ever at work In the
channel, and now slides are les
sening all the time and engineers
are able to control them.
A swing round a curve and we
enter Pedro Miguel Locks, which,
lii single flight only, drop u ship
Sc feet down to the level of Mira
flores Lake. On the Atlantic side,
the difference OF level is overcome
by three pairs of locks in con-
tinuous flight; on the Pacific, ade-
quate rock foundation could rot be
found for all three steps, So one
pair is at Pedro Miguel and two
others at Miraflores, a mile and
a half away.
When We have accomplished the
descent of the last lock at Mira
flores $50 feet), our ship is on sea
level once more, and proceeds for
7 miles to the Pacific terminal at
Balboa.
Copyright, 1916, BY The Grolier
Society, Inc, based upon The
Book of Knowledge)
distributed by United Feature
Syndicate, Inc.)
TOMORROW: Pouring Water
Upward.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-09
Save Airport Control Towers

The proposed 10000, 900 cut in the
Civil Aeronautics Administration ap.
preparation, if approved, would sign the
death warrant of American domestic
aviation.
Commerce Secretary Hartman noteo
at a press conference that passage Of
the CAA appropriation bill as planned
would make it impossible to operate
airport control towers with the single
exception of Washington.
How can an airport operate without
a control tower?
If they are closed no aviator would
dare take to the air, or attempt a land
ing save in an open field.
No commercial air line could con-
tinue in business.
No passenger, mail, express or
freight transport by air would be pos
sible.
The airport's control tower is the
equivalent of switch towers, indispensi-
BILE to railroads. No railroad of major
Importance could operate it's trains
without switch towers. Rail t%ransporta-
ton would be tangled, accidents would
multiply, if the lines were dependent
solely upon hand switches operated by
%brakemen.
It is hard to reconcile much of the
current slashing in appropriations fol-
essential national needs, in the name Of
economy, with the predisposition OF
Congress to make huge loans to foreign
countries. The two simply do not gibe
with common sense.
1t used to be our cry: Millions for
defense but not a cent for tribute. Now,
suddenly, it becomes: Billions for for
eign loans, but few pennies for our
selves.
Aviation, which Jagged before the
Second World War, now has a chance to
reach heights unprecedented in the
world. Commercial air lines are reach
ing out to serve more and greater ter
ritory. More planes are aloft than the
most optimistic enthusiasts foresaw.
America can lead in the air, as it does in
industrial production, with benefit for
all.
But it is doomed if Congress ap-
proves a CAA appropriation too small
to permit the operation of airport con.
troll towers.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-09
New Uses For Motor Vehicles

There is nothing new in the utiliza-
ton of automobiles and trucks for
special services not foreseen in the
early days of the automotive age. There
have long been bookmobiles and health
departments have operated travelling
clinics for many years. The motor
powered scissors-grinder vehicle was I
familiar prewar sight on city streets
and rural highways.
But it has remained for wal indus
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-09

ship steams on for 80 miles. Here
the channel is 1000 feet wide.
Then we enter a waterway so
straight and marrow that we can
hav- no doubt that we are in the
csral itself. This is the Gaillard
Gu, usually called the Culebra
Cut. 1t is the deepest in the canal,
with a depth of 495 feet cut sheer
through the hills.
The hills here are of loosely
packed shale. Time and. time a
gain has this loosely packed soil
caused trouble. Sometimes the
surface has slid right down and
cboked the canal. Sometimes the
slides have gone only part way
down and added weight 10 the
bank of the canal SO that the bot
tom has bulged upward. Giant
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-09
Meat Axe Economy

preparations committees seem to
indicate that both the House and
the Senate may have tried tc do
an intelligent job of cutting, with
their eyes open and the blindfold
removed, though this is hard to
believe. Under the Reorganization
Act, the two appropriations COM
mittees were allowed to decide for
themselves how big a staff they
would need. In addition to the
usual batch of clerks, each com
.mittee set up a research and in
vestigation staff.
The House staff is headed by
Robert E. Lee, former FBI in
vestigating accountant. The Sem
ate staff is headed by Leslie M.
Gravlin, f rmer Hartford, Conn.,,
and St. Paul, Mimi, municipal re-
search man who has also worked
with Governor Stassen on Mime
sofa state government %reorgani-
cation.
Though the Democrats have
tried to make a case that there
was 10 room for economy below
the Presidents budget estimates
and have pooh-poohed Republican
economy efforts so far, there is
no question Of the need for a lot
Of meat-axe welding.
In the depression government
spending contributed a great deal
tc the national economy and was
allowed to grow too big. in the
war which followed every govern
ment agency had all the money
it could use. The way the millions
were scattered around was moth
ing short of a national scandal.
Chopping a billion and a half
off the War Department, cutting
Labor Department by 43 per cent
end Interior by As. looping $50
million off Treasury when it has
$500 million to collect from tax
dodgers and killing the State De-
partment's $31 million Interration-
al Information program when
Russia is spending ten times that
amount on propaganda may sll be
crazy and suicidal. But the econo
MIXING job has to be done. Max
ing these and all the other aoen-
cies come in and prove how nee
essary they are is good business.
Also, what the House does on
these appropriation bills isn't the
last word. The Senate has to re-
view all these actions. Historical
lily. the Senate has corrected many
mistakes made by the House. This
is legisla+'ng by trial End error.
but it is the best system .anycne
has so far invented to see that
the Job. gets done.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-09
. for E Service

Written for NEA Service
There is an exceptionally clever
play in today's hand that | be-
lieve you will enjoy studying
West made the normal opening a.
gainst a three no trump contract
East correctly went in with The
king. returned the jack OF spades
and South played the queen,
Now if West wins this trick win
the ace, he cannot get In again 70
cash the good spades.
The correct play for West is the
five of spades. hoping that Ill
partner can get in and LEAD aA'
other spade.
With this play declarsr had OIL!
eight tricks one spade, o'
heart, two diamonds and 1'u
clubs.
How could he get MS NM.
trick? When West laid on NV
spade, South reasoned that ne I'll.
rot have any other entries anu
therefore, East in all prooaOlM!
held the king of hearts and queen
of diamonds.
If that we're true. South Deus,
that he could squeeze East 50
this point he led the ten OF spdu..,
West won and cashed his two ~.
spades, on which East PLAYED Nv
seven and four of hearts sh0"Is
that he held the king.
West then led the eight Of hear.
and declarer went right up WA
dummy's ace. Next ne ran W.
fou, club tricks, blanking d0Sj
in dummy to the ace-kng-'sH
diamonds, and retaining u
own hand the queen OF hears r s~
iack-five of diamonds. You
see what happened to 'ast
order to keep the king Of hss.~
he had to bare down to Ine Wv"
nine of diamonds.
While this is a good hand. M, M
not too unusual. 1t is "oF."'DN
10 be on the lookout for II.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-09
The Doctor Says
PUBLIC HEALTH
NURSES NEEDED
By WILLIAM A. O'BRIFx

a. nfiEN, NJ. n
Seventy thousand public b.,''
nurses will be needed durira
next 10 years to assist in we
ting the health of Our
About 5000 are needed inmedip
ly. Properly qualified hjgb saSs,
graduates are urged to start o'1eC
training this fall to q1ajifr nurse
these positions. LOT
William Rathbone of Liverro.,
England, originated the ides p0o H.
public health nursing in 1870 ~ VI
wife became ill and finally ms
He was so. grateful to a n1rsa 4tu'
making his wife more confor 10y
BILE while she was ill thai he 1870
ed to do the same thing for WONT naas'
en- who could not sfford = n nr =
He sent his wife's nurse ort
help the people in the distr;nt u 10
instructions we're to teach tho al!S
pie to help themselves, f. peo,
doctors, and not to try to ajvs III
the care themselves. This M.
with great success. Then he n,as.
to Florence Nightingale and tolS
her of the need for spec;aIlS
trained nurses for the field sns
public health nursing was born n'S
Public health nursing has No
come an essential service strongh
the success of nurses in teacbiSr
the principles of healthful ljyins
and by bringing individuals IS
contact with medical resources ~
their community. Public heath
nurses give bedside nursing car,
to the sick at home and teach tho
other members of the family IA
carry on when they are not there
They are of greatest value in
helping people secure proper med.
ical treatment. In their visits fron,
house to house. they learn Of con.
ditions which should be brought IA
a physicians attention and assist
physicians in carrying out t1eat.
ments.
At home, in the factory ard at
school, in the city and on the farm
public health nurses have helped
more than any other group to
bring health to the American peo.
pie in the 10 years the program
has been in operation.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-09
The Book OF knowledge
Department.
THE UNITED STATES
TRIP THE
BANANA CANAL


Let US imagine ourselves or
board a ship about to go through
the Panama Canal. We are in
Llmon Bay at the port of Colon
On the Atlantic side. Our ship fol
flows a dredged but invisible chan
mel to a place where, with low
jungle-clad banks, the canal visi-
bly, begins. Steaming slowly now,
we proceed in a sea-level channel
toward the great Gatun Locks Z
miles inland.
AS we approach Gatun Locks, a
huge arrow on the end of the cen
trail wall between the two tiers OF
chambers swings to the right. AID
our ship slips into the %right~hano
chamber. We can hang over the
ships side and get our impress :
sions Of the engineering feat
which is going to lift our ship IS
feet to the lake above. Our en-
gines have stopped. Little electric
locomotives are being fastened to
cur bow, center and stern, on both
sides. The locks are in three
steps, or flights; they r also
dcuble-chambered, and another
ship is being put through at the
same time as ours.
Now the mules" or locomo-
tives, are harnessed, a great gate
swings to behind us, and the wa
ter boils up rom a score of open
ings in the stone walls, raising our
ship to a new level. The gate "a
head of us opens and we are tow
ed into a second chamber; again
the water rises; we pass irtc a
third chamber and the process is
repeated. The last gate opens and
we emerge into Gatun Lake. This
artificial lake, which was formed
by damming the waters Of the
Chagres River, has an area Of
more than 1854 square miles.
After leaving Gatun Lake, our
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-09
Star Dust

The Reason
whenever our advice is sought
Our egos are inflated;
But-chances are-the question
has
Already been debated.
And those who ask, already know
Their course. Advice?. They
crave it
So if it turns out wrong. they'll
blame
It on the one who gave it!
Ina S. Stovall.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-09
QUOTATIONS

The newspapers of America have bee1
among the great inspiratlonal powe4s .4a,
have made possible this unparalleled century
OF progress.|Gov. James H. Duff of Pennsyl.
vaula.
communist ideas have sunk like seeds into
our american sol.-Rev. Robert !. Cannon,
president Fordham u.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-09
GOOD MORNING

Unhappy is the man who is not so much
dissatisfied with what he has as with what
the other fellow possesses.-Chauncey M.
Depew.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-05-09
MCKINNEY
On Bridge

BY WILLIAM E. MCKINNEY
Americas Gard Authority
Evening star., 1947-07-29

itself. which Huxley shows can be done in spite
OF all arguments to the contrary.
believe it would be we'll for US all to pause
and inform ourselves, because. surely, our prin-
ciples are based upon ignorance and incidence.
How is universal, compulsory education to
justify itself unless we make use of our educa-
ton by educating ourselves?
The following are lucid and easily followed
treatises I have found most helpful: Science,
Liberty and Peace" by Aldous Huxley, and
"Kalki on the Future of Civilization" by S.
Radhakrishnan. To quote from the latter, "The
nations plead for peace and prepare for war.
- each nation claimed to be the only one en-
gagged in the defense of civilization. In its
name each nation justified everything excused
everything, massacres and destruction.
War with its devastated fields and ruined cities,
with its millions of dead and more millions of
manned and wounded, Its broken hearted and
dehled (people), its hate and intrigue is
an outrage on all that is human"
Could We not, starting now, as Nation
disarm; disarm in the face Of all imaginative
and real dangers; disarm as an example to the
world; disarm in the firm and conscientious
belief that other nations will follow our ex
ample? If we disarm fully and completely, I
believe the vicious cycle would be broken.
Could this be the third alternative" which the
Quakers speak about and believe in?
D. HERMANN.
Evening star., 1947-07-29
Voice of America

At sessions end the Voice of America"
is left suffering and not very coherent.
The Voice of America" is the most pub
lcized part of the State Departments
program of information about America
for consumption overseas. 1t consisted of
a radio broadcast, several times day,
beamed in twenty-six languages. 1t will
now be cut 40 per cent. The library pro-
gram, which supplied American documents
and information abroad, is pulling out of
eleven countries. Documentary motion
pictures will be shown to perhaps a million
people a month overseas instead of ten
million. It costs money to do these things
and Congress was unwilling to supply the
money.
The Budget Bureau approved $31 900 900
for the program this year. Secretary
Marshall, when opposition developed, made
a strong personal plea for minimum of
$l6,000,000. He winds up with 12,400 900.
The foreign staff will be broken up It
will be hard, from now on, to hold any
talented people on the job. The Mundt
bill, which passed the House, was designed
to supply legislative authorization for q
program that lacked it before, and to
define by statute just what we intended
to do. But the bill failed in the Senate.
Instead, a joint resolution has provided
for an investigation before next January.
On the strength of it, the State Depart
ment hopes for new deal.
Secretary Marshall's argument for the
program has been simple and direct. We
are being lied about all over the world
today. Our motives are distorted, our
aims are misrepresented. We need some
oft1cial voice" to counteract the effect of
the lies and Secretary Marshall believes
that in time this voice would come to
be recognized as one of authority and
truth. The very day that the Senate was
burying the Mundt bill, Russia was broad
casting to the world that the United
States had started the 1ndonesian war.
But II Congress is to approve this pro-
gram next year, several things need to be
done. Assistant Secretary of State Benton
has not been able to make his program
stick and should be replaced with one
who can at least make fresh start Some
OF the improvised International programs
hurriedly and expensively thrown together
during the war got bad name for them
selves and the State Departments program
should be disassociated completely from
the relics of those services We should
authorize by statute what we plan to do,
and stop trying to delude ourselves into
a belief that what we plan to do is not
propaganda. If those whom we trust to
conduct our foreign relations believe that
an American campaign of propaganda
abroad is necessary modern weapon for
peace as well as for war; then we should
perfect the best weapon of the sort or
put our foreign relations under those who
eschew propaganda and forget about it.
AS it is, we are apt to make ourselves
ridiculous, instead of believed, through the
"VOice of America
Evening star., 1947-07-29
Letters to The Star
Readers Comment on Current Dstaste for Work and
Discuss the Testimony of Kravchenko
'Emotionalists' at Fault

'Emotionalists' at Fault
To the Editor Of The star:
The wages Of BengaM locomotive drivers" In
Calcutta was given. in Kipling. as Rupees 20 per
month. This was about $3.50. At that time an
English driver" earned from Rs 80 ($2640) to
Rs 220 t$726O).
Into the above paragraph is telescoped the
battle between West European (Which includes
North American) and Oriental coolie standards.
This is why Japan blundered into World War II.
This is why japanese warlords tricked emotional
Americans into preventing Congress from forth
flying Guam "lest it offend Japan" They were
blind to Nipponese building their Pacific Gibral-
tar at Truk. Our Navy had not taken Truk,
even when the Stars and Stripes had replaced
the blood-red sun over the Mikado's palace in
Toxic.
The same emotionalists are now demanding
that the United States of America surrender
our sovereignty as to immigration control to the
United Nations. They declare we should let
down the bars to Koreans, Malayasians Bur-
mese and japanese.
In connection with above, remember this:
"The birthrate in British India in 1888 was
BAL GU S., 17.6). Her death rate 24.3 u. S.,
106. Her infant death rate 167 (U. s., SD.
An Indians expectation of life at birth in 1881
was ~ years (U s.. male, SOL: female, 62.O."
j. r. WOODARD. ,
Evening star., 1947-07-29
De GouIIe's Anti-Red Wornino


speaking. This stark frankness, so un-
usual in the political arena has long
rendered him what the French term an
"enfant terrible" in the eyes of time
serving parliamentarians. Yet never has
he been more fortnight than in his latest
speech on the Red Peril.
De Gaulle chose for his forum the city
OF Rennes, capital Of Brittany, tradition
ally one of the most conservative and
Catholic provinces of France. Yet it is
symptomatic of the prosecuting in poll
tical and theological allegiances in France
today that Rennes is an urban islet of
radicalism in an antiradical background.
So the Communist-dominated City Coun-
Gil forbade the former President and leader
of the resistance against Nazi Germany
to speak there in public. Accordingly, De
Gaulle delivered his address on private
property just outside the municipal limits,
drawing a huge crowd to listen to his
message.
The general certainly pulled no punches.
Placing the chief blame for Frances "ex-
tremely alarming" internal and interna-
tional position on the combined machina
tions of the French Communists and the
masters of the Kremlin who use their
French adherents as fifth column, De
Gaulle called upon his former comrades
of the Resistance and all other patriotic
Frenchmen to rally in the defense of
France against the two-fold Red Peril.
Recalling his efforts to get along with
he French Communists and the Soviet
government during his presidency, includ
ing his trip to Moscow and talks with
Stain, De Gaulle described the intensity
ing policy of Communist aggression and
inflltration, which already has subjugated
half of Europe to tctalitarianism and now
threatens the remainder including France.
The Soviet Union, De Gaulle asserted,
brushes within itself every opinion and
every action not submissive to its leaders,
while it disposes within free countries
groups of men devoted to its aims"
Stigmatizing the French Communists as
agents of foreign power, De Gaulle
charged them with deliberately trying by
every means to worsen the difficulties
against which France is struggling, to
incite class conflict, to render the republic
impotent-"in a word, to sap the founda-
tions of French authority, to support ex-
clusively and with eclat the sole intentions
and sole interests of Soviet Russia"
Few informed persons will deny that
this is a fair statement of the Com
munist role, not merely in France but
everywhere in the world. The significant
point is that De Gaulle has spoken out so
unequivocally, not only against the French
Communist Party but also against Mos
cow, which pulls the strings.
De Gaulle concluded by making strong
Evening star., 1947-07-29

stats are overmanned to the limit and that
many Of the wasteful practices of wartime are
being continued.
You specifically criticized the cut made in
appropriations for the Bureau Of Internal
Revenue. was on one floor of the bureau
building the other day on business and from
my observation as passed down the halls and
looked in the open doors Of the large rooms
only about half of the employees were busy. The
others were standing around chatting.
Take the District Building I hardly ever go
in there-morning or afternoon-that do not
find considerable congregation of employees at
the soft-drink counter on the first floor And
most of them are there for more than any 10
minutes.
Nobody wants to work these days and per-
maps we shouldn't be too hard on the Govern
ment employe in spite of his long vacation,
numerous holidays and shorter hours. But
neither should we criticize Congress for putting
on pressure to get these war-bloated agencies
back to peacetime basis and thus take some OF
the load off the taxpayers back.
A. w. GARDNER.
Evening star., 1947-07-29
Annuitant's Complaint
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
Congress has refused to aid the suffering re-
tired civil service employees. This group OF
employees served the Nation faithfully. They
were underpaid while they steadfastly worked
for the benefit Of their country. After long
years Of work under such conditions, they re-
tired and now have to wait until Congress
sees At to raise their measly retirement.
But due to the present high prices, many
retired people cannot exist on the present re-
tirement. The CIO and AFL members have had
their wages sky-rocketed until everything is
beyond the reach Of retired folk. The admins
tration claims that increases in wages do not
make higher prices. Who Is it kidding? Horse
sense tells us that the higher wages 60 the
higher prices soar. Higher wages positively are
the cause Of the higher cost Of living.
GEORGE r. HOWELL.
Evening star., 1947-07-29

perhaps even be sharpened.
These points are made not to. disparage
Mr. Burch's report or to minimize the need
for constant effort to improve education
in America. They are made merely to
emphasize that the evidence does not seem
to warrant undue alarm over the state
Of our national intelligence After ALL
there is such thing as worrying too much
over too many matters at time With
the world as it is people must ration them
selves in this respect or risk the danger
Of mass nervous breakdown. For sanity's
sake, let us be carefree at least once in
q while.
Evening star., 1947-07-29
Intersection Place for Trouble

Intersection Place for Trouble
To the Editor of The Star:
While investigation Of the Washington
Police Department is going on would like
to add question. But before presenting this
question let us look at the circumstances which
surround it.
My wife and dropped into one Of the
neighborhood theaters one evening recently
Upon returning to our car after the show
saw an indication under the windshield wiper
that the Metropolitan Police and I were to
have little chat at an early date. The little
white slip told me to drop around within three
days; so on the afternoon Of the third day
I popped into the No. s precinct house for an
argument knew would lose. but I had hoped
it would not be so painful.
Ten dollars the man at the desk said would
do the trick This was the start of our con-
versation after he read what appeared on the
little white slip. H
Ten dollars!" I muttered in a disbelieving
tone. There was q slight pause; then for
want of something to say I inquired If the
man. at the desk were familiar with the
intersection, in question. "
"Yes, I'm familiar with that intersection.
Sheridan street is unpaved and there is no