davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-06-27
Roberts Urges Delay
In Congress Recess
To Pass Training Bill
Former Justice Says
MiIitory Weakness
Means Appeosement
BY J. A. O'Leory

Declaring that military weak
ness will lead this country down
"the old familiar road of ap-
peasement" to an "all-out shoot
ing World War III" former
Supreme Court Justice Owen j.
Roberts today urged Congress to
postpone it's July adjournment
plans, if necessary, to pass uni
versal military training legisla-
ton.
Speaking as chairman of a newly
formed Citizens Emergency Com
mittee to push the legislation, Mr..
Roberts told the House Armed
Services Committee the fact must
be faced that the United Nations
could no more prevent major
war now than a 2-year-old child
could stop a street corner fight"
President Truman joined late yes
terday in expressing hope Congress
will act at this session.
Mr.. Roberts answered six of the
main arguments which he said are
raised by the opposition. Following
is a summary of the arguments and
his answers:
l. That universal training leads
to war. Answer-The unprepared-
ness of the United States was a
major factor making the last two
wars possible.
2. 1t is un-democratic. Answer
No more democratizing influence
can be conceived than bringing all
youth together at about the same
age on IAN absolutely equal
footing"
3. 1t leads to militarism. Answer
Fifteen million men have been in
the armed services in recent years.
Has even a biased observer detect
ed any resulting trend toward mill
tariSm?"
4. The cost would be prohibitive.
Answer-"We are paying for World
War II today at the rate of $10,-
900, 100000 a year, and the peak of
postwar costs will not be reached
for at least 80 years. 1t would be
good insurance to spend 20 per cent
of this sum for UNIT each year if
it would prevent, or even shorten
another war"
5. The atom bomb and germ war
fare make mass" armies unneces-
sary. Answer-These methods of
warfare might make UNIT unnec-
essary if the United States possessed
an absolute monopoly Since others
have the means for germ warfare
and "are certain" to develop atomic
weapons, UNIT provides the only
possible basis for country wide or
ganization to prevent collapse in
case of attack by these forces.
8. UNIT is inconsistent with men,
bership in U, N. Answer-"A United
Nations hamstrung by lack of au-
thority cannot prevent war. AS long
as any nation. by use of the veto,
may protect itself from the conse-
quenses of its own violation, the
United Nations is powerless to take
positive action against aggressor
nations"
Law Advocated Since 1945.
More than 100 well-known persons
from various walks of life have
Joined in organizing the Citizens
Committee. Mr.. Roberts told a
press conference yesterday after
noon the movement was started by
See TRAINING, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1947-06-27
|Marzani Gets Term
OF | 10 ; Years, TO
Start Immediately
Wartime Federal Worker
Refused Appeal Bond
In DisIoyoIty Case

Carl Aldo Marzani, wartime
employe of the Office of Strategic
Services and State Department,
was sentenced today by District
Court Justice Richmond B. Keech
to serve from one to three years
in prison.
Marzarfi had been convicted OF
concealing Communist Party affilia-
tions from Government loyalty ex-
aminers.
In imposing sentence, Justice
Keech said the fact that Marzani
was Communist had nothing to
do with the case.
He added, however, that the Gov
ernment had right to correct in
formation regarding its employees
peculiarly so in time OF enler-
gency"
Attorney to File Appeal.
Charles E. Ford, attorney for the
35-year-old Arlington man, irnme-
diately served notice of appeal
Justice Keech refused to set an
appeal bond, and Marzanis SEN
tence therefore will begin inmedi-
ately
Before sentence was passed, Mr.
Ford told the court Marzani was
"as fine, as loyal an American as ]
have ever known.
This man has been in position
of great trust" Mr.. Ford said. "At
no time has anyone been able to
point a finger of suspicion at him .
Justice Keech said he recognized
that Marzani was "a person of out
standing native ability and the re-
cipient of an extraordinary amount
OF formal education"
Was Accused on IL Counts.
Marzani had been tried on an H.
count indictment, and convicted on
all counts. He faced a Theoretical
maximum sentence of $4,000 .ir
fines and 110 years imprisonment.
John M. Kelley, jr., special assist.
ant to the Attorney General, prose.
cuted the case The trial took Il
days and ended May %.
Marzani stood erect and showed
little emotion as he received his SEN
tence. He Immediately distributed
copies of prepared statement tc
reporters.
This sentence eliminates tria
which is travesty of justice" the
statement began. 1t continued:
During the war, as a civilian anc
as soldier, I worked to the best Of
my abilities without stint and reser.
vation. My services were accepted
and praised by my Government. To.
day the same Government sends me
to jail"
Appeals to People.
MarZani said NaZis convicted o
giving false information to Ameri
can authorities in Germany receive
(See MARZANT Page AN
Evening star., 1947-06-27
Chinese Currency Sinks
Under Reyerses in War

SHANGHAI, June 81 (P).-Troubled
China felt the impact today of civil
war reverses and the country's
failure to qualify for a $500 900, 900
American loan before the end of
June
Chinese currency sank to an all
time low on the black market, 1t
was quoted at $4,000 to one Ameri-
can dollar. (The legal rate is
$4,000 to ~ Financial observers
gloomily predicted it would reach
1000, 900 to l before the years end.
Government authorities trying to
halt the runaway market faced an
other severe problem-commodity
prices rose higher and higher. Some
prices zoomed a full 100 per cent in
the week. Rice hit 100000 Chinese
dollars per picul $3.50 U. S. per 1885
pounds by the fixed exchange rate).
Shanghai's Mayor K C. WI
instituted new emergency measures
to curb wild speculation. In crack
down on commodity hoarders, he
ordered police gendarmes to search
warehouses.
Evening star., 1947-06-27
Ten in State Department Fired
On Suspicion of DisIoyoIty
Most of Them Reported to Have Held Posts
Permitting Access to Secret information

Ten State Department en-
ployes suspected of communism
or communist sympathies have
been discharged this week, Off
cialS disclosed today.
Most of those fired were said to
have been in positions giving them
access to secret information in the
intelligence international informa-
ton and economics divisions of the
department. Their earnings ranged
from $4,000 to $4,000 a year.
After long investigation with the
cooperation of the Federal Bureau
of Investigation, the 10 were fired
summarily under the so-called Nc
Carran rider to the State Depart
ment appropriation bill which gives
the Secretary of State discretion to
discharge without hearing any en-
ploye Whenever he deems such ac-
Evening star., 1947-06-27
BY the Assoeioted Press


The United States has agreed
to turn over to China 130,000,000
rounds of surplus rifle ammuni-
ton for weapons of Generals
simo Chang Kai-shek's troops.
State Department officials also
told reporters that the Marking
Government has been authorized to
purchase other military supplies
from private American manufac-
turers.
On the question of economic aid
for the hard-pressed Nationalist
Government, the Export = Import
Bank announced it will consider
lending money to China for spe-
cif1c projects.
William McC. Martin, bank chair
man. said an earmark of $500,000,-
900 in funds for China will be al
lowed to expire June 80. However,
the new promise of aid for specific
projects leaves the door open for
Chinese borrowing, either by gov
ernment or private enterprises.
Inability of China to settle its
internal troubles and the resulting
civil war were reported to be largely
responsible for its failure to nail
down any loans out of the funds
which we're earmarked IA months
ago.
The rifle ammunition the United
States proposes to trun over is a
special 1872 centimeter size made to
fit the German-designed so-called
generalissimo" rifle used by the
Nanking armies, The ammunition
was manufactured for China under
lend-lease arrangement during the
war.
Some was shipped as far as India
but only small quantity got over
the Himalayan hump before VI
dow
Evening star., 1947-06-27
Sunday Reading -.

The Supreme Court has
split again-this time to sat-
isfy the geographical whims
of the justices. Apparently
there wasn't a single dissenter
when the recess question came
up. And, as a matter of fact,
the just-concluded session of
the high tribunal was sur
prisingly tranquil, perhaps
due to the firmly soothing in
fuence of Chief Justice Vim
Son. In a Sunday Editorial
Section article, William A.
Millen reviews the courts
performance.
With a rough voyage in the
offing, Americas Ship of State
has signed on new first mate
Robert Abercrombie Low
ett-who goes to work next
week as Gen. Marshalps as
sistant. Garnett D. Horner,
in another Editorial Section
feature, studies Mr.. Lovett's
qualifications for the tough
job ahead of him.
The colorful Pictorial Maga-
zine (high lighted by a spread
of talented sketches of the
new South Capitol Street
Bridge, plus special columns
on books, gardening, sports,
society, art, music, amuse-
ments, etc, round out the
usual thorough and accurate
news content of
-L G.Ax 6&A
Evening star., 1947-06-27
Dunish Police Arrest IS
In Secret Nozi Group
BY the Associoted Press

COPENHAGEN, June 81 A
secret Danish Nazi organization OF
former SIS soldiers, Danish Nazis
and collaboratorS has been uncov-
cred by Copenhagen police, and Is
persons have been arrested, Dorm
Jensen. police attorney, said yes
terday.
He said the main task Of the or
ganization had been the smuggling
of prominent Germans, Danlsh
Nazis and collaborators to Sweden
where they were sent to Latin
America.
Evening star., 1947-06-27
Ministers Meet
In Paris toDraft
u. 5. Aid Reply
Bevin Reaches City
For Stort of ToIks
On Marshall Plan
BY The Associoted Press

PARIS, June 27.-The Foreign
Ministers of Britain, France and
Russia met here today to try to
draft a common response to an
American proposal for European
economic reconstruction with
American aid.
The three statesmen-British For
eign Secretary Bevin, French For
eign Minister Bidault and Soviet
Foreign Minister Molotov-convened
at AIS pm. (11:15 am. EDIT to
begin their talks on the plan of Sec
retary of State Marshall.
Mr.. Bevin arrived here by plane
from London at 1923 am. and was
greeted at the airport by Mr.. BIZ
dault. Mr.. Molotov arrived yester-
day and received similar welcome
Speculation ran high as to
whether the talks would result in
closer cooperation between Russia
and the western nations or would
intensity disagreements between
them evident since the wars end.
Molotov Brings SO Aides.
The Ministers meeting place was
the Salon des Perroquets-Hall of
Parrots-on the second floor of the
Foreign Ministry Building on the
Quai d'Orsay, SO called because of
parrots in the wall tapestries.
Neighboring rooms of an impos-
ing suite were set aside for their
political, financial and economic
advisers, of whom Mr.. Molotov
brought 49,
Since arriving in London Sunday,
william L. Clayton, American Un-
dersecretary of State for Economic
Affairs, has met with Mr.. Bevin,
Prime Minister Attlee and other
key British cabinet ministers, pre-
sumably to present the American
view He is expected to be on hand
here for semioff1cial consultations. -
Mr. Clayton is supposed to have
told the British leaders what the
American Government would like
European nations to do in their own
self-interest before asking America
for help. This was reported to COW
er the sharing of resources and
raw materials and the pooling of
industrial equipment, fuel and
energy.
U. S. Stays in Background.
Officially, the United States was
keeping in the background. This
was in line with the principle laid
down by Gen. Marshall in the Har-
ward University speech June in
which he proposed his plan. Gen.
Marshall said the spark of European
recovery must come from Europe
itself before America could be ex-
pected to help.
Nevertheless, over the Paris ne
gotiations fell the shadow of the
United States Congress, which even
tually must approve any aid to
Europe, and of American taxpayers,
who must foot the bill.
Most observers placed the stakes
of the Paris Conference very high,
particularly in view of the deter
mination for speed publicly stated
by both Mr.. Bevin and Mr.. Bidault.
They saw these alternatives:
l. Either the Russians will agree
to sponsor a joint program of con-
tinental economic cooperation,
paving the way for free exchange
of goods between Eastern and West
ern Europe, or
2. The conference will fail, Brit
ain and France will proceed with
out Russia and the continent will
be split worse than before.
One of these observers was DR..
Karl Gunnar Myrdal, executive
secretary of the United Nations
1Cnn NGApCHhII LAM Pare Al \
Evening star., 1947-06-27
U.S.. Officials Called
To Explain Shipment
OF Oil 10 Russians
Army, Navy and Interior
Aides to Appear Today
Before House Probers
BULLETIN

Legislation to restrict ex-
ports of gasoline and petro-
leum products was introduced
today as the House Merchant
Marine Committee launched
an inquiry into oil shipments
to Russia. The bill, offered by
Committee Chairman Weichel,
would prohibit any petroleum
exports unless the War and
Navy Departments certified
that they would not interfere
with national defense and the
Commerce Department certi-
fed they would not restrict
domestic consumption.
Evening star., 1947-06-27

ton advisable In the national in
terest. ..
officials said about 10 other en-
ployes about whom there was some
derogatory information have been
let out of State Department jobs in
recent months, but the McCarran
rider was not applied in their cases.
They were discharged through
reduction of force, elimination of
jobs and other routine measures.
The 10 fired this week on suspicion
of disloyalty brings to IL the total
of State Department employees who
have been discharged summarily
under the McCarran rider. Two
were fired last year.
Final action on the cases of the
10 persons fired this week was taken
by Assistant Secretary John E.
(See LOYALTY, Page A-4)
Evening star., 1947-06-27
U. s. Agrees 10 Send
China Big Surplus
OF Rifle Ammunition
Export-Import Bank Also
Will Consider Looms
For Specific Projects
BULLETIN

MUKDEN, Manchuria tR.-
The Communists put SEE
pingkai to the torch and with
drew today from that ravaged
railway junction city los miles
northeast of Mukden to es-
cape a pincers threat by two
government columns.
Evening star., 1947-06-27

this mornings meeting at the Dis
trict Building.
The commissioners promoted 1t.
Lorraine T. johnson Of the traffic
division to captain to take the vac
ancy left by Capt. Truscott's pro-
motion. Inspector Barrett said he
did not know yet whether 1t. john
son would take Capt. Truscott's old
(See TRUSCOTT, Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1947-06-27
Late Bulletins
Mrs. Stokes Wins, 2 and !

Mrs. Walter r. Stokes today
defeated Mrs. Leo Walper, 2
and /, in the finals of the Dis
trict women's golf tourna-
ment. Her victory made Mrs.
Stokes the third player in his
tory to be a three-time holder
of the title. She had par in
for a ~ when the match ended
ON the 18th green.
Earlier story on Page A-16.)
Ford and JAW Sign
DETROIT up. The Ford
Motor Co. and the CIO United
Automobile Workers Union
reached an agreement today
providing for wage increase
of Z cents an hour and q pen
sion plan instead of paid holi-
days for some 10000 produc-
tion workers.
Evening star., 1947-06-27

(See OIL, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1947-06-27

(See LABOR, Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1947-06-27

(See MARSHALL PLAN, Page A
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-07-19
First Aid
For Homes
By ROGER c. Whitmon

@. Our church Is being remodeled.
Should the floor be concrete and, II
so. how can 1t be kept from becom-
ing damp? Should 1t have limo
leum or asphalt tile finish?
A. The concrete floor should be
laid as a base. This can be made
waterproof by having the contractor
add a good integral waterproofng
compound. There should be sub
stantial thickness TO resist ground
water pressure. The concrete then
can be covered with asphalt tile
linoleum is not suitable for basement.
In a kitchen. this should be grease
proof asphalt tile. In place 'of
asphalt tile, the concrete can be
colored with a limeprcof cement
color. Asphalt tile would be more
comfortable underfoot.
Stains on Hardwood Floor.
@. A section of hardwood floor
under our kitchen sink is not covered
with linoleum. 1t Is stained from
water that dripped from the edge
of the sink. Would the stains come
out by rubbing with sandpaper and
steel wool, or are they too deep?
I could apply varnish afterward.
A. When wood is dry, rub with
sandpapefs If this takes out the
stains, you then could apply two
coats of quick-drying floor varnish.
If the stains have penetrated too
deeply, you can bleach them out
with a saturated solution of oxalic
acid. made by dissolving the crystals
in denatured alcohol, as puch as
given amount of the alcohol will dis
solve. Instead of alcohol, you can
use hot water in the same way, and
apply hot. Let the solution remain
on the wood overnight, then rinse off
thoroughly next morning. If the
wood is rought when dry, smooth
with sandpaper and apply the var
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-07-19

toes, flies. moths, gnats, leaf-hop-
pers, beetles and other Objectionable
insects and make life on the porch
bearable during the warm season.
The preparation should not be ap-
piled directly to the light bulb but
all around it.
Another use to which the same
company puts DOT is In paint. This
paint is intended for interior use
and is of the cold water kind. It
will give protection for one season
against flies, mosquitoes. moths,
spiders and other undesirable in
sects.
This paint, because of Its soft sur
face. should not be used in living
quarters. but in the cellar and places
in which flies seek the cool air, it
will prove to be blessing.
(For further information as TO- where
products mentioned above may be OBJ
tanned, address Room 724. Star Building
Please inclose stamped, self-addressed en-
Yelope).
released by the Consolidated News
Features. Incl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-07-19
Suit Ends as Is Tenants
Aqree 10 Eviction STAY

An eviction suit in which 10
tenants had filed counterclaim
asking $32,s00 damages ended in
Municipal Court yesterday when the
tenants agreed to accept $65 cash
and an eviction stay to December 81
in settlement Of the case.
The suit was filed by the Concord
Corp. through its attorney Leonard
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-07-19
"Six months on
Godgets
Continued From Page BIZ

summer night If something is not
done to eliminate the trouble.
Thanks to DOT, this is possible.
A preparation Is on the market that
can be sprayed onto all lighting FIX
lures. This will leave coating OF
almost one hundred per cent OF
DOT that will discourage mosqui-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-07-19

nish. You would protect the floor
by covering with o scatter rug or
mat.
| Released By The Consolidated News
| Features, 1nc)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-07-19
Lewis
Continued From Page BID

ties, and 16,907 with a valuation OF
So, 165, 253 in nearby Virginia.
Yearly figures for the three main
sections comprising the Metropolitan
Area follow:
Evening star., 1947-07-12
Dr.. {. H. Pruden Going
To European Meeting

DR.. Edward Hughes Pruden, pas
tor Of the First. Baptist Church, sails
next Thursday on the Queen Eliza
beth for England, and thence to
Copenhagen, Denmark, for the meet
ing Of the Baptist World Alliance.
DR.. Pruden will address the alli-
ance on 'The Worldwide RESPONSE
bility Of Baptists for the Mainte-
nance and Extension Of Freedom"
Returning to England after the
alliance, DR.. Pruden will be one of
the preachers to fill pulpits under
arrangements made by the British
American Committee on Inter-
change Of Preachers. He will preach
at the John Bunyan Chapel at Bed
ford; Christchurch Road Baptist
Church, Worthing, Sussex. and the
Bloomsbury Baptist Church in Lon
don.
During DR.. Pruden's absence, the
following will fill his pulpit: July
20. E. Hilton jackson; July ~. DR..
Hillyer H. Stratton, Maiden. Mass:
August 3, the Rev. r. Edward Dow
dy; August 10, DR.. Allen w. Graves,
Charlottesville. Va; August II. DR..
j. Maurice Trimmer. Huntington,
w. Va; August "a. the Rev. Cecil
Hobbs, and August 81, DR.. David E.
Browning. Richmond, Va.
Evening star., 1947-07-12

entering Government work as an
ordnance draughtsman at the Naval
Gun Factory in 1885. He transferred
to the Bureau of Ordnance in 1946.
Mr.. Egbert first became interested
in Bible class work at the First
Park Baptist Church of Plainfield,
N. j., in 1928. He later served as
president of the mems Bible class
there. He Joined the mems Bible
class at Mount Rainier Church in
1888 and became its president in 1887
and 1898. He was chosen general
superintendent in January 1945.
Mr.. and Mrs. Egbert live at 4103
Thirty-first street. Mount Rainier,
Md. They have two daughters, Mary
Ruth and Barbara Jeanne.
Evening star., 1947-07-12

pointed out. HE must work with
the Committee on Religious Educa-
ton in getting teachers for> the
school. He must next promote the
upgrading of teachers by having
them attend conferences on relig-
ious education, and by bringing
them teaching helps"
A broadening aspect for the super
intendent, Mr.. Egbert added, should
be knowledge OF the literature about
Sunday schools Of other domina-
tionS.
Finally. he believes the primary
function Of the Sunday school is to
teach the Bible" and it is the job
Of the superintendent to forward
this end.
A, native of Duluth. Mimi, Mr.
Egbert attended Western Washing
ton College Of Education at Belling-
ham, Wash, before entering the
Army in April 1918. He served one
year in the Army, and then served
with the Marine Corps four years
After working in Chicago an
Kearney, N. j., Mr. Egbert came to
Washington in 1888. He was en-
ployed in private business before
Evening star., 1947-07-12

From . Garden" the first Of a
series Of sermons. -.. b
Pote lac Heights Community
The Few. o. j. Randall. pastor
emeritus, will preach during July
while the Rev. M. B. Crist is on q
vacation.
Cleveland Park CONGREGATIONAL
Chaplain Roy H. Parker will be the
guest minister at II am.
First Congregational.-The Rev.
Herbert Beckwith will preach on
Needing the Call" at II am.
West Washington Baptist. - The
Rev. c. B. Austin is preaching a
series Of Sunday night sermons on
the general theme. The Conquest
Evening star., 1947-07-12
Special Church
Il announcements

Church Of the Pilgrims.-The Rev
DR.. Woody H. Hudson Of Kashing
China, will preach at 7:45 pm. to-
morrow.
TRANSPORTATION Episcopal. - The
Rev. ]. j. Queally announces sum-
mer services begin tomorrow at
and II am.
National Baptist M m L.
Arthur S. Fleming of the Civil
Service Commission will speak at
pm. tomorrow on Giving God a
Chance" The Joy Bell Ringers
will present program.
Peoples Congregational.-The Rev
A. F. Elmes will speak on Thoughts
Evening star., 1947-07-12
Mount Pleasant Church

Robert A. J. Livingston. son OF
Mr.. and Mrs. Robert w. Livingston
Of Arlington, Va, will be the guest
preacher tomorrow morning at
Mount Pleasant Congregational
Church. He graduated from Ameri-
can University and was councillor
Of boys at Billings Polytechnical In
stitute. Billings, Mont. He then went
ito Oberlin Theological Seminary
from which school he was graduated
in June Of this year. Mr.. Livingston
grew up in Mount Pleasant Congre-
gational Church and his mother and
father are still members here. His
topic is The Two Sons Of God"
Universalist National Memorial
Church members will meet in union
service with members of Mount
Pleasant Church during the sum-
mer months.
Evening star., 1947-07-12
Luther Place Memorial

The Brotherhood will hold an out
ing at the summer home Of Carl
Smuck. Owing's Beach. Deale, Md.
on Wednesday. Cars will leave the
church In the afternoon and eve
ming.
The young people will meet Thurs
day for hike and Galilean program
in Rock Greek Park. They will meet
at the church by 7 pm. In event
Of rain the meeting will be held in
the parish hall.