davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-02-27
Health Agency 10 Ask
Law for Closer Check
On Nursing Homes
By Thomos c. Buchonon

Nursing homes for convalescent
patients are inadequately regulated
under District laws and the Health
Department intends to request au-
thority for closer supervision, DR..
George G. Ruhland, District health
officer, said today.
The entire program of GONZALES
cent care in the District was de-
scribed last year in the metropoli-
tan health and hospital survey as
"a glaringly bad spot" in the already
inadequate local health facilities.
The issue was revived in the cur
rent issue of Medical Annals, month
ly publication of the District Medi-
cal Society, which declared that ''to
allow convalescent homes or nursing
homes to operate without any re-
sponsibility for the proper care of
the sick is to endanger the lives
Of the persons who are domiciled
there"
Law Dates From 10Th Century.
Authority for. control of con-
valescent homes, Dr. Ruhland said
is now derived from section of the
District Code dating from the 10th
century. It authorizes the Health
Department to inspect any institu-
ton for the care of human beings
or domestic animals" and provides
maximum punishment of 5000 fine
or 80 days imprisonment for vio-
lators of health requirements.
Considerable Qualification is needed
in the distinction between a hospital
a convalescent home and an or.
dinary rooming house, DR.. Ruhlano
asserted.
Recognized District hospitals are
under the close supervision of the
Health Department and are required
to maintain satisfactory standards o1
medical service. Nursing homes, on
the other hand, may be set up by
any one in good health and of ac-
ceptable moral character who COM
plies with the necessary fire and
sanitary regulations required of any
rooming house proprietor.
Inspections Not Required.
Provisions are lacking in the Dis
trict Code, DR.. Ruhland declared, for
inspection of the medical and nurs-
ing facilities at these institutions,
and the enforcement of acceptable
standards of professional nursing
care.
"The department feels that the
regulations with regard to these va
rious convalescent homes need re-
vision, and they are in the process
of such revision" he said.
I'VE cannot, Of course, be party to
unreasonable requirements, but we
do feel that the language of the
old laws is not adequate to give
reasonable control"
Standards to be demanded will
vary according to the type of pa
tient, and Health Department spe-
c1alists are drawing up proposed
regulatory measures for each cate
CORY, Mr.. Rutland said.
I'VE would tend to insist" he as
serted, that there should be 9
trained nurse supervising cardiac
cases, diabetes, mental patients and
SO forth"
Evening star., 1947-02-27
PEA Anniversary Dinner

A banquet commmemorating 20
years OF service by Pennsylvania
Central Airlines viii be held at 7:30
O'Clock tonight at the Statler Hotel,
1t was announced today by the Ma
tion Aeronautic Association, sponsor
OF the event. g. BedelI Monro,
president Of the line, win speak.
More than 200 are expected to
attend.
Evening star., 1947-02-27
HouseUnifP Plans
Probe Of District
Welfare Audit
Horun Restotes Stand
On D. c. Budget Cut;
Will Stop Building

Chairman Horan of the District
subcommittee Of the House Appro-
prlations Committee said today his
investigators would look into the
apparent duplication of auditing in
the Department Of Public Welfare
accounts.
The procedure was aired about a
year ago when the Social Security
Board described the current prac-
tlce as dual control" of Federal
contributions to local relief and
therefore illegal. Under the pro-
cedure the Welfare Board admin
isters relief and District Auditor
A. R. Pilkerton preaudits the
checks. It was disclosed TODAY.
however, that q new plan for the
ISSUANCE OF checks goes into effect
Monday.
Mr.. Horan said if the first dis.
coveries of apparent duplication are
substantiated by his investigators
he would insist that the work of the
Welfare Department be revised so
1t would not duplicate work done
by the District auditor.
To Refuse Buildings Funds.
Mr.. Horan also reiterated the de.
termination to cut the Districts
sos, ,000, 900 budget.
I'VE also will refuse appropria-
tions for some of the buildings the
District Government wants to
build" he said. 1--WE can't allow
things to run along in the old groove
when this Congress is making every
effort to reduce Government ex-
penditures."
Mr.. Horan's statement about
auditing the Welfare Department
was interpreted at the District
Building as reopening the contro-
versy which began in February, 1916.
At that time Mr.. Pilkerton told a
House District Appropriations Sub.
committee the administration of re.
lief here was "fraught with waste
and ineflciency" He had been or
dered to investigate dubious relief
cases.
Board Denied Criticism.
His criticism drew sharp denials
from members of the Welfare Board
and Welfare Director Ray l.. Huff.
subsequently the Social Security
Board threatened to cut of some
$3.50. 900 in annual contributions to
local relief. Miss Jane Hoey, direc-
tor OF public assistance for the Social
Security Board, said: "If the audi
tor can make a preaudit of the
checks and hold up payment, then
the Welfare Board does not have
full authority"
Corporation Counsel Vernon West
was, designated by the Commission
ers to head a committee to look into
the matter. Before this committee
could act, however, Mr.. West was
told the matter had been worked
out satisfactorily and the admin
istration of relief continued as
before.
Raymond L. Clapp, principal as
sistant to the Welfare Department
director, said a new auditing pro-
cedure goes into effect Monday.
Heretofore, he said, the "pre-audit"
has involved the reading of case
records by the auditor. Under the
new arrangement, certification by
a case work supervisor that the case
has met requirements as to eligi-
bihty will be accepted by the auditor
as sufficient authority for the issu-
ance of a check for the relief grant.
AS in all other departments of
the District Government, these pay
ments will be subject to post
audit by the District auditor.
Evening star., 1947-02-27
IBiiI Seeks Standards
For Fireproof Construction

Fire prevention standards in the
construction and operation of hotels
would be devised and recommended
by the Commerce Department un-
der bill introduced yesterday by
Representative Hoeven, Republican
of Iowa.
The department, using facilities
Of the National Bureau of Stand
ards and other agencies, would be
directed also to prepare and make
suggestions for model State laws
and local ordinances embodying
such fire prevention standards"
Evening star., 1947-02-27
Insurance Solicitor Fined

A $50 fine was imposed yesterday
in Municipal Court on Cecil Balfour
Allen, 40, of the 600 block of Ninth
street NV, found guilty of q charge
Of soliciting insurance without q
license In the District.
Evening star., 1947-02-27
B'nui Israel Services Set

, Services at pm. tomorrow at the
B'nai Israel Synagogue, Fourteenth
and Emerson streets NV, will be
dedicated to the B'nai Israel Sister
hood. Rabbi Henry Segal will
tpreach on I'm Human Terms"
Evening star., 1947-02-27

The players have been rehearsing
once a week since October, with
three weekly meetings the past few
weeks. Jack Shnider, a physics
Evening star., 1947-02-27

instructor at George Washington
University, Is in charge Of makeup
for the players. -
I'VE can also tell whether the
Evening star., 1947-02-27

Ball (above) places Roy piece
OF under the rug The tape tells the players where
theyafe m the Mr. trightl looks through
ing at bugs Mrs. Marquis Cooks
shoulder The professor whose part takes fooled
in the play into thinking has found new kind bug
"a @sft@Ass e." xFx & Star Staff Photo.
Evening star., 1947-02-16

outfit in one ration period. But
again, every ore is in the same boat
bar the black market.
About the black market. 1t oper-
ates, but recourse to it appears to
be the exception rather than the
rule. The courts deal severely with
convicted violators of rationing
regulations.
The "home is my castle" idea
was one of Johns favorites. Hitler's
bombs and a population shift made
housing one of the crucial questions
of the times. There is not now
and will not be for some time
enough shelter to 60 around.
So the castles" were invaded
The government can and does force
a householder to rent unused rooms
to homeless. 1t has stern rent
control on unfurnished establish
ments and busy tribunals daily ad-
just the charges made for furnished
Accommodations.
The country's real castles are
going under the hammer as taxes
cut the tap roots of the rich. Even
Earl Halifax, the former Ambas-
sador to the United States, sold
his manor and moved into his stable
because the taxes were so heavy.
Those taxes, by the way, are
another thorn in the flesh Of har-
raSsed John Bull.
Security Comes High.
The base rate is generally re-
ferred to as nine shillings in the
Evening star., 1947-02-16
Newton
Continued From Page CID

With that in mind. he Is likely to
release the mines April l or soon
thereafter and shove the operators
out to face Mr.. Lewis alone.
Even if Mr.. Lewis did not want
higher pay for the miners. which
he does in considerable quantities, 1t
still would be a tough job to bring
about contractural agreement in the
coal industry.
There are a number of features
of the Government agreement with
the miners that are Objectionable to
the mine owners, particularly those
in the South where about third of
the national tonnage is produced.
The three most Objectionable are the
provision for recognition of the mine
foremen's union, the union welfare
fund supported by the owners and
the mine safety code.
From an appraisal Of the situation
it would appear that the only one
of the three Congress is likely to do
anything about is the unionization
of foremen. A number of bills to
exclude foremen from the Wagner
Act have been introduced and seem
to have some chance of passage
Similarly, bans on union operated
welfare funds have been suggested,
but the miners fund is to be jointly
administered.
Evening star., 1947-02-16
By Ed L. Campbell

pound. Actually that figure doesn't
apply unless the individual earns
more than $4,000 year. But on
such an income it figures at 10
cents on the dollar. Those in the
lower brackets pay considerably less.
In the higher brackets it amounts
almost to coniscation. A pay-as-
you earn system lets the govern
ment collect it at the source.
Security seems lot closer to
John Bull now than ever before
But he's having to give up a lot
of cherished ideas to get it.
During the war he didn't have
much say-so about job. All hands
were kept busy and the government
told them when and where to work.
The individual is largely a free
agent again now and, with man
power shortage the nations biggest
headache, there's no reason for any
body being unemployed.
But the trade unions, backbone Of
the Labor Party, are launched on a
program of 100 per cent unioniza-
ton. In a country that has never
known the CLOSED shop this has
caused a lot of mighty heated
argument. In nearly all businesses
there were some workers who just
didn't Join unions. But now, it seems,
that in practically all lines, the
worker is going to have to join up
or lose his job.
To keep on the job, John Bull must
stay well. The country already has a
Evening star., 1947-02-16

1928 after the Vermonter had made
his famous II do not choose to run"
statement.
Senator Robert M. La Toilette, jr.,
Progressive, introduced an anti
third-term resolution, worded almost
identically with the resolution Of
1875 aimed at Grants possible
ambitions.
The Senate adopted the La Fol-
lette resolution by a vote of 56 to
26. As introduced, 1t had kicker"
last paragraph which would have
put Coolidge on the spot if he de-
cided to run again. 1t said: Re
solved, That the Senate commends
the observance of this precedent by
the President" This paragraph was
removed before adoption of the re-
solution.
When Franklin Roosevelt ac-
cepted his third-term nomination in
a. radio address from the White
House, the Nazis had overrun
France and the Low Countries OF
Western Europe. He said:
my conscience will not let me
turn my back upon call to service.
The right to make that call rests
with the people through the method
of a free election. Only the people
themselves can draft President. y
His only previous public state
ment on the third-term question
was during a party dinner speech
on March 4, 1887. He said:
MY great ambition On January
30, 1941, is to turn over the desk and
the chair in the White House to my
successor, whoever he may be, with
the assurance that I am at the
same time turning over to him a
Nation intact, a Nation at peace, a
Nation which has proved that the
Democratic form and methods OF
National Government can and will
succeed"
Distributed by the Associated Press)
Evening star., 1947-02-16
Arne
Continued From Page CID

Continued From Page CID
jumped only 80 per cent with non
agreement countries.
One State Department official ex-
plains his worry about import quotas
this way:
The American exporter is faceo
by the fact that many nations now
have import quotas-that is, the
Government says how much of any
foreign goods its people can buy. II
even says from what nation. they
can buy. That has operated te
squeeze down buying of American
goods-even to close markets against
them.
Quotas are much more effective
than tariffs for shutting out foreign
goods, and the trend is growing. We
hope to fight it by this trading OF
lower United States tariffs for the
elimination of the quota system.
THE trouble is this: If more
nations use import quotas We'll be
forced into it. That would near
every American businessman who
wanted to buy abroad would have
to get State Department permission
That's the road to collectivism ano
state control. We must avoid it, ano
we must help the world avoid it"
The Geneva conference hangs ir
the balance. Top State Department
officials say they would be reluctant
to ignore Congress. They hope te
lay enough facts before enough
members of Congress to win ap-
proval for their program to reduce
world trade barriers-and before
April.
fNIstrjhuted hv the Assoefated PresSl
Evening star., 1947-02-16
Brown
Continued From Page C-1)


paragers turn to greedy imperial
ism" The attacks are all we'll
written and convincing.
French propaganda experts with
whom I have talked about these
systematic attacks-in which Amer
lea rather than Britain is singled
out--explaineo that the general
policy followed by Communist and
afiliated newspapers and magazines
is dictated from Moscow.
The Soviet government is slowly
but steadily turning France away
from the west and the French Com
munist Party has instructions tc
work indefatigably toward that end
1t has been definitely ordered, how
ever, not to try to rush things
Force alone, the Moscow Politbureau
is reported to have advised its Paris
branch, is of no avail in France. II
may work in the countries behind
the iron curtain" or even in Italy
but the French must be handled
with finesse.
As long as America shows no COM
petitive spirit, there is no reason te
hurry. the Communists believe.
Evening star., 1947-02-16

/ The old Senate lions don't roar
the way they used to. Either they
are gone or their voices are muteo
by age. The Senate today special
ICES in businesslike talk.
The Great Debating Club" which
once packed the galleries when jim
Reed, William Borah or Carter
Glass announced he would speak
seems to feel that these days 1t
has lost it's fair for ortatory. It
spends more and more time working
in committees.
The once cracking and glorious
spectacle doesn't draw crowds as
it did. Spectators flock to the
galleries now to watch for action
on an important issue rather than
to hear great oratory.
A recent example was the BLbo
case. In days past any effort to
refuse Senator his seat would nave
stirred up a resounding voice. This
would have been true in the time
of John Sharp Williams, George
Norris, Hiram johnson, even of
Huey Long.
But the Bilbo case was an ex-
ample of behind-the-scenes manipu-
lating.
Probably Senator Vandenberg, Re-
publican, of Michigan Is the Sen
ate's most classic type of orator
today. When he feels in the mood
he can still make the rafters ring.
Most Senators now, however, fol-
low the vein of Senator Taft, Re-
publican, of Ohio, who makes prac-
tical, businesslike, logical talks, and
few rabble-rousing appeals to the
galleries.
vandenberg and Taft. along with
Senators Pepper Of Florida, Brewster
Evening star., 1947-02-16

and Cleveland In excess OF 81 900 600
annually, with the tax spreading
rather widely through the Nation.
Garbage collection fees are another
source which produces varying
amounts, depending upon the service
and the rate.
| Such charges represent practice
more and more municipalities are
adopting: That of charging for the
services rendered. This, the experts
say, has the double advantage of
gearing the service to actual need
and of keeping it flexible.
Gasoline and motor fuel taxes now
are effective in more than $50 COM
munities. Levying at the rate of 1
cent gallon, st. Louis realized
$905 900 in 1914; Kansas City, $467,-
900, and Birmingham, Ala, 1901 900.
There is an alternative to imposi-
ton of new taxes represented in the
few cities which gain the major
portion or all of their revenue from
municipal ownership of public util-
tiles.
The Council of State Governments
reported this about municipal own
ership:
Some Are Tax Free.
There is a small number of cities
in the United States whose citizens
are entirely tax-free as the result
of profitable operation of munich
pally owned public service enter
prises.
"All these cities are below 10000
in population. On the other hand, at
least 10 cities of more than 10000
population derived at least %. per
cent of their total revenue from the
contributions of their own public
service enterprises
Many utilities, especially in large
cities. are operated at net deficit,
usually on the theory that their
services contribute to the general
welfare"
OF the 10 cities, jacksonville, Fla,
received 81 per cent of its revenues
from this source: Rocky Mount, N
c., 70 per cent; Austin, Tex, 80 per
cent; while Los Angeles, Boston,
Louisville, and Milwaukee each re-
ceived more than $1,0O00O0, the
council reported.
The council also warned against
the inherent dangers in the appli-
cation of nonproperty taxes, saying
Many of these sources of local
income are not desirable forms of
taxation because they bear hardest
on those less able to pay.
Local taxes are easier to evade
than taxes levied in larger districts;
their imposition has undesirable
effects in including the movement of
businesses and residents to lower
tax areas.
Weaknesses of the new sources
of locally collected income +
demonstrate that these sc.rces must
be used cautiously; they should not
be depended upon to supply locali-
ties with major share of the rev.
enus needed to carry on their ever
increasing functional load. *''
Finally the multiplication of local
taxes makes it more difficult to keep
the Nations public finance system
sensitive to changes in the business
cycle; and the. possibility of success
fully achieving desirable anticyclical
policies Is thereby decreased"
Distributed by the Associated PressJ
Evening star., 1947-02-16

the famous campaign which split
the Republican Party and resulted
in the election of Woodrow Wilson.
Teddy insisted he was still opposed
to a third successive term, but said
the tradition did not apply to a
President who had retired and lost
control of.the party machinery.
Some Favored 20-Year Limit.
In 1915 Roosevelts name was
placed In nomination for the presi-
dency at the Republican convention,
but he made no campaign and
Charles Evans Hughes was chosen.
At the close of the World War Teddy
was considered one of the leading
1920 COP presidential possibilities.
He died, however, in January, 1919.
The current proposed amendment
would prohibit any person serving
more than two terms, or portions of
terms, even if there was an inter-
vening period between any of those
terms or part terms.
Presidential tenure was debated
by American political leaders even
before the present Government was
established. Thomas Jefferson and
several others favored limiting the
President to single term. Terms
of 6, Z and 20 years were suggested.
Alexander Hamilton opposed limit
ing the 'eligibility" of the President
and he once proposed the Chief Ex-
ecutive be allowed to serve during
good behavior. The Constitution, as
adopted, simply fixed a presidential
term of four years. 1t makes no
mention of the number of terms a
President may serve.
Washington's Letter Cited.
Washington's supposed attitude
has been cited by both advocates
and opponents of a third term.
There was no indication in his fare
we'll message that he had any idea
he was setting precedent.
He merely said that a new presi-
Dental election was coming and 1t
seemed proper to announce his re-
Evening star., 1947-02-16
Two-Term Limit Long Escapes Tenure "Fixers'
By Alexander X. George

The move to put q constitutional
two-term limit on the presidency
spotlights a political question as old
as the Nation itself.
George Washington set a prece-
dent by declining third term.
Franklin Roosevelt completely
smashed 1t. Between those two oc-
casions some lao proposals to limit
presidential tenure were launched in
Congress.
None of the previous measures
passed both the Senate and the
House. In order to become part
Of the Constitution, the current
measure must be ratified by at least
SO of the States in addition to gain
ing approval of the Senate and
House by two-thirds majorities. The
proposed amendment is Republican,
sponsored but won the support OF
several Democratic Congressmen.
While President Roosevelt's sue
cessful bids for third and fourth
terms were the only full-fiedged
breaks with the tradition, two other
Presidents challenged it-Ulysses g.
Grant and Theodore Roosevelt.
Two years before Grants turbu-
lent second term ended, there were
reports he would run again. In q
letter to a Pennsylvania Republican
ne said: II don't want a third term
any more than I did the first"
But, he added, THE people were
not restricted to two terms by the
Constitution
Grant Scoffed at "Caesarism."
Congress virtually killed third
term movement at the time. The
House, by a majority of 234 to l8
adopted resolution in 1875, that
"the precedent established by Wash
ington and other Presidents has be-
come by universal concurrence
part of our system of Government.
Four years after his second term
Grant let his name be proposed for
the 1880 Republican nomination
This was assailed aS "CaesariSm,
but Grant scoffed: THE idea that
any man could elect himself Presi-
dent is preposterous and reflection
on the intelligence of the people.
The convention chose Garfield as a
compromise candidate.
Grover Cleveland, who served two
terms but not consecutively, was
among the advocates of single
term limitation, of either four or
six years.
Theodore Roosevelt stepped up to
the presidency after the assassina-
ton of Mckinley in 1901. Reelected
in 1904, Teddy said:
"On the fourth of March, I shall
have served three and half years
and three and a half years consti-
tutes my first term. The wise custom
which limits the President to two
terms regards the substance and not
the form, and under no circum-
stances will I be candidate for or
accept another nomination"
In 1912 he became the candidate
of the Bull Moose Progressives in