davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-07-28
BY THE HAsKIN SERVICE

O. What is the highest temperature ever
attained by artificial means?-J. o. w.
A. The National Bureau of Standards says
that the highest temperature ever obtained
artifcially is now about 100000 degrees G.
obtained by the atomic bomb.
O. Where were the earliest coins nader
HH
A. The earliest coins known were made
by the Lydians in Asia Minor. about TOO 3. C.
The Chinese also were early makers OF coins.
1t Is interesting to note that they shaped
coins to indicate what they might purchase,
for instance, coins fashioned to resemble the
human body were used to buy clothing
O. What States have compulsory automo-
bile insurance?-E. A M.
A. Massachusetts, is the only State having
compulsory automobile insurance. Insurance
for trucks Is required in many States.
@. Which university has the largest lbraryp
M w. L.
A. The Harry Elkins Widener Memorial Ii
brary at Harvard Is the largest university u
brary in the world.
@. OF what does marble consist?-E. r. E.
A. All marbles are composed OF a mineral
or minerals having essentially the same hard
ness cacite being the most abundant ma
terial Marble has long been used for me-
MORALS because of its beauty and enduring
qualities.
O. Are honeybees native to American
w. L. G.
A Honeyhees are not native to America
or Australia. They we're imported to these
continents by early settlers.
O. Why are there some exceptions to the
rule that the call letters of radio stations
east of the Mississippi begin with w, and
those west of the Mississippi begin with K?
M. P. D.
A. According to the Federal Communca-
tons Commission any existing call letter as
signment not in accordance with this policy
is due to the fact that the station was
licensed before the ALLEGATION plan was
adopted
@. How many Civil War veterans are living7
A. T. N
A. The Veterans Administration says that
as of May 81 1947 81 Civil War veterans
(Union) were alive and receiving pensions.
At the same date. there were 33942 dependents
of Civil War veterans drawing pensions and
compensations.
@. What was the total amount Of money
spent by UNRRA?-S. E. j.
A. In the four years preceding Its official
termination at midnight June 30, 1947. the
United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Ad-
ministration had spent in II countries nearly
s3 600 100000, of which the United States con-
tributed IL per cent
Evening star., 1947-07-28
Freedom Is Precious

To the Editor Of The Star:
And there shall be wars and rumors Of wars
but the end Is not yet.
Never in the annals OF civilization, 30 called,
have the nations of the earth been In such q
chaotic state as now. The map Of Europe is in
process of change. What will the outcome be9
The Truman doctrine, 50 called would help
those nations which are trying to maintain
stable governments, or those which would help
others to maintain them.
1t would help q united" Europe: the haves
to share with the have-nots in the essentials
Of life
Yes. Tree America ever is ready to succor tbs
Evening star., 1947-07-28

Emergency Employees Favored Unfairly
To Editor of The star:
There are many, no doubt, who would like to
express appreciation for your editorial on Per
sonal Patronage" But whether the bill passed
by the House will serve the intended purpose,
to win greater security for career employees Is
a question, for it contains loop-hole.
This Is the crux of the matter: Permanent
status employees are to have priority over war
service employees doing comparable work; in
other words, they will replace the latter If
qualified to do the work. Now, when perma-
nent empoye is offered as replacement for
'war-service worker, the employer simply de-
clares the permanent employe unqualified for
the particular job and declares the former
specially qualified, indispensable, ETC.
Another point is important. 1t is not only
the actual reduction in force that is affecting
the career employees adversely. In many In
stances, where they are not actually separated,
they are arbitrarily down-g graded out of all
proportion to their seniority and priority rights,
their qualifications and efficiency. They are
deliberately and Intentionally placed in posi-
tions several grades below those for which they
are classified, their classifcations are arbi-
trarily changed, in spite Of their protests and
they are offered choice between accepting
these lower-grade positions or getting out"
To add to the injustice of the procedure, it is
war-service workers, still holding high h-grade
executive positions, who are telling the career
employees that they can either take it or leave
it. 1t is war-service employees who are actually
having the say as to the planning of the post
war set-up, and outlining what work the
career employees are to do, what grades are to
be doled out to them, and whether they are
to be retained or not The recent bill which
placed more authority in the individual de-
partments, instead of restoring to civil service
its rightful restraining authority, was the
the career employees are concerned. Under the
present system, any supervisor" no matter
what his actual efficiency may be, is in posi-
ton to disquaify career employe.
1t is not only the very high officials who are
employing personal patronage" The same
principle has been applied all the way down
through the lower grades, favored war-service
employees often very youthful ones, being
pushed up into the higher grades and retained
there at the expense of long-ter workers
Your editorial states: eff the career employees
are not given maximum protection, they Will
become the victims OF grave injustice. and the
civil service merit system can be expected to
revert to the spoils system Of 10 years ago.
It would seem that the future tense is out OF
place here Many have already become the
victims Of contemplate treatment. What Is
to be done about these7
CAREER EdPLOYE.
Evening star., 1947-07-28

subject Of design but have had to take pretty
much what they could get, according to the
report
Generally considered the best is the Petworth
branch but the committee says it is not of an
entirely economical design.
There are others" the report says which
were built at considerable expense but with
distinctly inefficient design and still others
which go to the opposite extreme of excessive
economy and overcrowding."
Location Of New Branches.
New branches asked by the committee are
for Cleveland Park Brightwood, Benning,
Brookland, Pleasant Plains and Congress
Heights.
Except for Congress Heights, the other pro-
posed new branches have been a part of the
long g-term program of library improvement and
soms money has been appropriated for site,
design or both.
''The Congress Heights branch is proposed by
u.s." the committee members say, ito care for
one of the most rapidly growing sections of
the District which has no library facilities
whatever"
New buildings would be provided for the Ana
costa, Tenley and Woodbridge branches and the
E. V. Brown School would be remodeled to
house the Chevy Chase branch. In the case of
Woodbridge and Anacostia sites have already
been acquired.
More money is needed to purchase the Tenley
and Brookland sites, however.
In connection with the new unit of the Gen.
trail Library the committee joins both the Lii
brary Trustees and the Board of Education in
urging against the use of library space for
headquarters for the school board.
This headquarters plar is written into the
1899 appropriation bill which carried funds for
the existing unit but neither board has favored
the idea.
The committee asks release from this Ian
guage and recommends school board head
quarters building at another location.
While No 4 Unit is to be the largest and most
expensive of the group. the committee feels it
will fit nicely with the existing unit and will be
more useful in bridging the gap of years until
it will be possible to build Units No. and 8. No
recommendation for these later two units is
justified now, the report says.
Most of the existing unit is still in the hands
of the Federal Government which took it over
during the war for Office space. Its release for
library purposes is expected in the near future,
however
Evening star., 1947-07-28
Questions and Answers

reader can obtain the answer to any question
of fact by writing The Evening Star Information
Bureau. SIC I street NE, Washington 2, D. c.
Please incose three CO cents for return postaEe.
Evening star., 1947-07-28
Letters to The Star

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address of the
Uriter, although tt is permissible for
priter knoDn to The Star to use
nom de plume. Please be brief.
Evening star., 1947-07-28

be served, but likewise the day=to-day liv-
ing and toiling and achieving which the
people of the United States and their
neighbors over the globe must do.
Evening star., 1947-07-28

homeless and starving of every land. But,
should we not remember that freedom Is not
something to be taken for granted; that our
forefathers fought and died for it-and our job
Is to maintain 1t? WILBUR H. CLOSE.
Evening star., 1947-07-28

O. What is the highest temperature ever
attained by artificial means?-J. o. w.
A. The National Bureau of Standards says
that the highest temperature ever obtained
artificially is now about 100000 degrees G.
obtained by the atomic bomb.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-03-13
PERMANENT INSURANCE FOR MILLIONS

MORE THAN FOUR million workers in the United States
De have completed the 10 covered by
Lone Social Security Act attain
Dnnce status under odage and
ea Figures released by the Social Security Administration
show that in the whole country there four million
and 100000 who will have gained permanent in
status 1916 through the completion of 10
tad10 quarters of work industry. The
Fo 946 the first year which it possible for them to
Genettan fully insured status permanently under the law
Engits tenth year of operation Dec. 81.
Iron There around 100000 persons who will reach age
o5 within the next 10 and who will have permanent in
rights by virtue of having served in covered employ
ent at least half the number of calendar quarters between
January 1887 and the time they reach age 65 Other per-
sons who permanently insured include about 100000
nen and 100000 who have gained fully insured status
this and aged 65 older About half Of them draw
staging monthly benefits.
play Workers who permanently insured will have at least
Thennmum insurance protection for e regardless of their
TO future work history
a Workers who fully insured but not permanently in
ured maintain their status by continued work in jobs
by the Social Security Act When their show
of such employment they will permanently be
The covered employment does not have be contnu
"pus employment.
As long worker continues Jobs covered by the law
the matter what his he continues contribute
Nge of his the fund from which benefits paid
- His employer makes matching contribution. AS long
CI6orer continues covered Jobs he continue build
employment, his benefit amount will decrease
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-03-13
NEWS and VIEWS
By ALEXANDER s. LIPSETT Gan ILNS Feature)

Assns e s the s w ts
a THIS s5e ss o s the esSsns
%s as snd y s
ed States
parties loyal to Berlin Rome and Madrid"
Meantime Argentina help picture
un Dao q its a sW
g s sa Of ss as ssa s
fu
5 5af i | S' s ss5 s s
and the the I men work and order
Sey t
s shadows all @ d I Hitter to ep
than a tnaag
~' 8 The Ths right to work
|s The The right right to to asf mpassement wsss
right kysenie better living conditions that will
s right (good housing food and cloth
(2 The The right right to social security y
The 6s oas promotion and
O defense professional interests through the
organization Of trade unions and associations
% eoerete the fisfs
By bomb g wSsh
his speech Whether this Was aa Conn
p bsDe pros r the vices of
d1 HsTsn principal iad com esn
@ n aamy dG s hsg Alssnn And s @ The sS
strategic positions and leading role among
against Communists the S1i 1nted
Whether schemes will succeed depends not so much
depends the final ANALYSIS
police know the the country
,s mon @
and all the means at its command.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-03-13
FAILURES TELL CONGRESS HOW

I MANY
-" Committees making fundamental mistake by tax
ing failures instead of their pattern for labor
legislation
So far almost all the witnesses heard by the committees
have been employers who made conspicuous failures in their
| relations with workers.
If Judge by the stories in the daily press,
boss with antunon gudge has been invited to tell what
kind of labor laws needed Every ancient complaint about
The thousands of employers who get along well with
unions and benefit from them have had little no chance to
tell their success stories"
To learn how to make Shoes goes to successful
shoemaker To learn how to direct orchestra
who failed even at beating the bass drum If you
wish to know how to maintain harmonious labor relations
talk with man who has done it, There thousands of
them.
Take Cecil B. De Mile millionaire movie producer,
example of the failures heard far He told the Senate
committee this story:
Several years ago. he was "forced" to join unon-the
American Federation of Radio Artists In 1914 the union
levied upon all its members 81 assessment to finance
campaign against proposition appearing the California
ballot He believed the proposition he refused to pay
the 81 and was suspended from the union.
All this proves, De Mile sad that the "closed shop
should be banned.
Here facts De Mile forgot to tell the commit
Instead of being forced to join the union, he vontar
y sought membership because he chance to make
lot of money by invading the radio broadcastng field When
he applying for membership he did not reveal his anti
union bias Instead he posed "a good union man.
Later the open-shop interests in California, under the
Initiative and Referendum put proposition No. II" the
ballot That proposition intended death blow at
Naturally the radio artists union and every other Cali
ornla union opposed it. SO did CALIFORNIA; Republican
warren; the state Chamber or ana
most employers Despite lavish propaganda campaign the
people of the state defeated the proposition by vote of to
Remember this fight to preserve the life of trade
unions Every trade unons contributed his dollar defeat
the foes of aboa except De Mile He wouldn't contribute
dollar to his union But he didn't hesitate to his
in the union to make big money.
OF course, the union threw him OUT Any organization
would have "ditched member who tight" so
dsoyal that he wouldn't put up measy dollar to help save
the organization when its life at stake.
De Mile then began spending money like water to put
the "De Mile BILL" vicious anti-union measure The
California Assembly Overwhelmingly Republican - threw
out his bill by vote of so to 27.
AS last resort he rushed to the Senate committee in
to demand legislation against labor.-Labor
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-03-13
WEIGHTED SCALES

EEMBER ALL the advice freely given to labor few
months back that shouldn't ask for increased wages
out should just wait for prices to drop?
Mr. We were told living costs were going to hit the slides any
minute And when some food prices actually went down
bit between midNovember and midJanuary
Ihehe papers all sad See what did tell you? That's just
pelns he beginning Now won't you be goodT
mere instead of this little break being followed by
decrease living COSTS the opposite has happened
week hog reached record highs with pred
ions of pork chops retailing at 81 pound Other meat ami
spritna cotton and joined in the spectacular rse
demo Wholesale prices all commodities have jumped to
our peak according to the u s. Bureau OF Labor Stas
hics This foresadows increases in retail prices which
already been rising steadily January Is and
expected to continue upward to high levels in June.
ta With food clothing fuel furniture and miscellaneous
five goods and services all the rise the only item living costs
hat has remained relatively stable is rents But the
Coandors lobby with strong Republican encouragement
t lel-bent to raise rents too.
concerted attempt made to blame increases
or last years price RISES despite the fact that prices were
posts and despite the fact that by far the greatest
occurred after the destruction of price controls in
Mneriod when there significant increases.
1t should be abundanty that the mOnOpOlSts,
war relieved of public controls push prices high the
time market will bear regardless of whether not wages
aised
sary wages sharply last year. they
demae being cut deeper by each increase living
eratisosts.
labor NO ober than
substantial wage Increases II working people are to MAINTAIN
ything like decent standard of living, and if there is tOl
Gems sufficient purchasing keep the wheels of
respc production turning.
These scales have long been by the opsded dis
Ffrmnatory maldistribution of wealth."
depu While profits unprecedented
menteghts while records being broken in dividend
Nofents while labor productivity constantly mounting the
na of the workers lower and lower and the
@ Isv consuming power of the people is decreasing.
Scott This shocking maldistrbution of wealth. this lack of
balance only lead to another DEPRESSION unless
pact speedily corrected by increasing the and puchas
with of the people.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-03-13
YOUR JOB AND THE LAW

CONTRAST
points in ST. Petersburg Publishing
@ F u WITCH 5 msn @ % @ e sen e
made without consultation with the
"Gn as ws this d did % s labor a gs s refusal h HB held how
This decision should be eonTased with ntermeae is
c on Feb ss the Co. of Oklahoma
of jobs held BY the strikers which had been filed The
could the companys offer % only those for whom
The trial held that the refusal disclose the
that holding it back an unfair labor practice
FREE SPEECH AGAIN
he ysH & ale sS @ @ % a
simply impossible legislation on this subject which
would be enough practical the NLRBs
Of the last % n months have overheard permitting
poyers have nothing to gain by additional LEGISLATION this subject
da legislation may not go 50 far as som" Of the recent NRB
The reversal by the NLRB earlier Thompson
a. iss9"s 5% legal point
'XEayi Xc sa1 % thes
late the act He had originally thought the
oer W g IT s the yss that with
forces reaction That the for the
VACATION CREDIT
An ERB trial examiner has recently heard complaint
lost dur during ga strike credit
and permitted would deprive strikers of Continuous noy en
s sd ] ssI full asss
on t IT BENEFITS it be credited for tin" they did not work the e0mpu
Suggestions contract contains clause
prohibiting discrimination against strikers.
made by the National Foremen Institute management
form Of closed shop has disclosed that
reports the Institute in bulletin issued Feb. ~
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-03-13
ON Joy AND SORROW
A LENTEN THOUGHT
BY RUTH TAYLOR

| don't like unhappiness. don't like
Who But often when
of
i'm 'front.'
the things that give happiness.
Whittier who "The window Of
the SUM- He had the secret of JOY He had
truth which another
dark but late they touch the shining hills
There much joy in the wordif would time
enjoy My favore hymn when
endure night but joy cometh the morning.
promisefu of hymn No morbid
but Knowledge that such things had
could and would follow grief
If have been seriously ill., that thrill
realize that coming back
with
of the beauty the world cit tight
closed bud that the sunlight is just opening.
In pain have learned to understand and
The
the things m beauty the pleasure
of work, of compapionship, of friends
have often wondered how different the world would be people
felt free to enjoy life To 81 happy and spend
thinking of that happiness matter how simple ponder
that preceded it.
to God"
Be happy You be will but open your
soul to Gods sunlight
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-03-13
legislative News From The Ohio
S+ufe Federation Of Labor


OHIO UNIONS FACE SERIOUS CRISIS, LYDEN TELLS
Its time consider what Labors Ohio
General Assembly do declared Michael
yde acting and legislative the Ohio
State Federation of Labor in Cleveland, March S.
He spoke of the the
tn of Labor Phil
of Labor speaker, blasted the TaftSmh
Congress-
Lyden emphasized the of dozen bills aimed
throttle Ohio cenered his talk the
General Assembly outlaw the closed shop the
and to reduce the time limit filing
for back
House Bill co. he sad allows employer organize
ploye them,
organization This bill limits pckeng
then
observed fouffths of the employees voted
lot In addition H. B. proposals the House
the statewide
cared
He said that S. B. ll2 designed reduce employers payments
the Bureau of Unemployment Insurance Fund
qualifications for workers seeking obless H. 39 would
the time which worker could The
provides for three and reduced from
in
Phil Hannah levee his attack the Taft Smith Ball open shop
BILL and reduce the of the IT,
Speaking of the budget cut for the Labor
pointed that the nation spends for wild life
does maintain the entire Labor Department Under
Ball bill to abolish the closed Hannah that
all contracts would be
regardless of what Senator Ball think Hannah ad here
that passed make
If the Ball bill becomes law will the
of industrial chaos in the history of this nation"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-03-13
CAN'T STOP UNION BOYCOTT

EFFORTS OF LABOR-HATING manufacturers to make it
unlawful for Union people to boycott their products are
nothing less than silly No such law could possibly be either
constitutional enforceable There's old adage to the e
feet that horse be led to water but nobody has yet dis
covered how to make him drink If horses have that much
common stands to that Union members and
their families, they informed that certain products
are Union, will refuse to buy them
1t had been pointed out repeatedly that the economic
strength of Union people If it brought to
bear in full force struggle group of non Union
poyers stand against it, No law matter how cevery
concocted could Union people from giving their bu
to their friends and at the time refusing pur
chase from their enemies.
The right of boycott is both ancient and honorable 1t
into every branch of social and economic life. Bs
interests practice it constantly Some of the best known
luncheon clubs built around the principle of patronizng
the membership. Certainly newly yeected Republican
would think of giving job to Democrat and what is that
if it isn't boycott?
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-03-13
TWENTY YEARS AGO

Some reported this condition
Barney Bcen handler at No. of the Homer Laughn China
Company who patient in ST. Francis Hospital in Pittsburgh
c. Asbaugh secretary and West End Pottery
Company and his Walter Ashbaugh sales have severed
their connections with the disposed of their
the In the reorganization of officers B. Cunning
ed president and W. Burgess secretary and treasurer
Funeral for Mrs Mary Smbala widow the
thony Smbaa potter held last week from her home
street.
Jimmie Thomas potter
the year, casting the Summit
Gerald Lloyd East Liverpool saggemak has deposited his card
with Local Union No. 20 Steubenv where
ment.
Thomas Beard Local 49, Richmond Calf,
has resided the for the IA rendered his
nation and will leave with his family this the
way of the Panama Canal.
Mike Kennedy the Sanitary Manufacturing
Company Richmond Ca severed his connections with that firm
week and will leave for his home Trenton where he plans
ing into line of business there.
Mr. and Mrs Frank Johnson of Akron third a
wide dancing Cleveland
their cleveness Mr. Johnson knman the Summit China
Co.'s plant in Akron
First George Cartilage Vice Presi
dent NJ Moore of Trenton N
Wood Second Vice President Chadwick
Hull Secretary
last week organization business The
Board stopped off here their
few of the sanitary shops in the West
joint committee of kinmen and manufacturers will
Liverpool March IT, to settle the
banjo the middle of the kiln committee
Park Beatty of Carroon; William Williamson
Joseph Graham of East Liverpool The
and Harry Watkins of East Liverpool and Charles Sng Sebng