davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-07-23
CourtFightPIannedbyW
Denied Soldier Benefit
BY the Associated Press

BOSTON, July 23.-A court fight
was developing in Massachusetts TO-
day over whether women who
served in the military forces are
soldiers and sailors" in the eyes of
the law.
State Attorney General Clarence
A. Barnes has ruled they are.
State Tax Commissioner Henry F.
Long insists they are not-and re-
fuses to bulge until he gets court
opinion.
The test came on the claim OF a
disabled former WAC-attractive
Mrs. Robert c. Nelson of Pittsdeld,
who has a 40 per cent disability
rating for impaired hearing-foT the
$4,000 real estate tax exemption
granted disabled soldiers and sail
ors'' in the Bay State.
Only the courts, Mr.. Long said,
can determine whether the State
Legislature meant to give the bene-
fits to women.
Mrs Nelson said she would carry
her case to the appellate tax board
and to the State Supreme Court, If
necessary.
Evening star., 1947-07-23
g. @. p. Backs Probes
OF Prices and Housing

Plans to investigate living costs
and the housing shortage during the
congressional recess were approved
today by the Senate Republican
Policy Committee.
These two proposals were on a
list Of half a dozen investigating
resolutions to which the policy
group announced it has no obJec-
tior.
Others on the list include a
study of possible changes in the
Social Security Act, a review of
activities of the RFC and other
Government lending functions and
the immigration problem as it
relates to the admission Of displaced
persons.
The cost of living inquiry would
be conducted by the Joint Economic
Committee already set UP under the
iuu employment law. The housing
investigation would be made by
members of the House and Senate
Banking Committees.
Chairman Taft of the policy group
explained that sponsors of all these
resolutions must still get them
through the Senate.
Evening star., 1947-07-23

Washington had It's coolest
July % in So years today as the
temperature dropped to So de-
grees.
In some nearby areas. the mer-
curry dipped to so degrees, and the
Weather Bureau said it may go
even lower tonight in exposed spots
in outlying areas.
However. the forecaster insisted
the cool wave would not damage
gardens or crops in the Washington
area. The forecast for the. city was
for sunshine and temperatures In
the upper 70s today. The fore
caster doubted the temperature to-
night would 60 below the So re-
corded at sos am. today.
The 5O-degree low was reported
this morning just beyond Chevy
Chase, Md. The latter area had a
S3-degree low, while q temperature
of So degrees was reported at An
nandale, Va.
The lowest July % temperature on
record was So III 1890. The last time
Evening star., 1947-07-23
India or Australia
Seen Likely to Take
Issue Before u. N.
BY the Assoeiofed Press

LONDON, July %. - Well
informed diplomatic sources
said today that either India or
Australia might ask the United
Nations to intervene in the dis
pute between the Netherlands
and the Indonesian Republic.
The complaining nation pre-
sumably would charge that the
Indonesian fighting constituted
a threat to world peace, these
sources said. Both India and
Australia, they said, have a
"close interest" in the situation
in Indonesia.
Diplomats here ruled out the
possibility that Britain herself
might appeal or that she would
act as a mediator between the
Dutch and IndonesianS, point
ing out that she would have no
grounds for such action unless
invited by both parties to the
dispute.
Evening star., 1947-07-23
Jorge prado Quits Post
As Envoy Of Peru Here
By the Associated Press

LIMA, PERU, July 23.-The For
eign Ministry announced today that
it had accepted the resignation of
Jorge Prado, Peruvian Ambassador
to the United States.
Mr.. Prado told reporter here he
had no statement to make about his
reasons for resigning. He said he
plans to leave Washington soon for
New York City, but that otherwise
he has no permanent plans.
Informed sources said the resigna-
tion resulted from personal differ
ences" with Foreign Minister En-
rique Garcia Sayan.
Mr. Garcia Sayan concluded an
official visit to Washington yester-
day and left by air for Lima, by way
of Miami.
Mr.. Prado arrived here last Sep
tember after serving as Peruvian
Ambassador to Great Britain. For
merly he was Ambassador to Brazil.
Evening star., 1947-07-23
DC. Landlord Group
Asks Right 70 Pass Tax
Rises On 10 Tenants
New Levies on Owners
Held Increasing Their
Expenses ID Per Cent

A large group of Washington
landlords and rental agents to-
day asked the District Rent Con-
troll Administration for permis-
sion to pass along increased
taxes and water charges to ten
ants. .-.
In aIetter to Robert F. Cogswell
District rent control administrator
the Building Owners and Managers
Association requested that a general
order be issued which would allow
rents to be increased to take care
of a rise in the real estate tax,
higher reassessment, rise In the
personal property tax and an in
crease in the water tax rate.
These tax increases, said Marshall
Davis, the associations president
have the immediate effect" OF in
creasing owners taxes by at least
142/7 per cent. He said, however
chat in individual cases the increase
would be much higher, and cited an
example in which he said the total
tax increase amounted to 54 per
cent.
Cogswell Predicts Increases.
Asked for comment, Mr.. Cogswell
said he would need time to study
the letter before reaching a deci-
sion. He added that, generally
speaking, he believed landlords
should get relief in connection with
increased real estate taxes, but
explained that any consideration OF
compensation for the personal prop
erty tax would have to be on an
individual basis" only.
Mr.. Cogswell said he planned to
confer with the District tax assessor
Evening star., 1947-07-23
Output Of Ice Cream
Cut by Strike Here

Eighty per cent of Washington's
ice cream manufacturing stopped
today as 500 members Of the Ice
Cream Workers union went on
strike demanding a Is per cent In
crease in minimum wages.
Deliveries of ice cream already on
hand also stopped because drivers.
members of the Ice Cream Drivers
local of the international Brother
hood of Teamsters. refused to cross
picket lines.
Hit by the work stoppage were
Washington's seven biggest ice
cream firms: Breyer's, the Garry
Ice Cream Co., Colonial, Fussell-
Young, Melvern Diaries, Southern
Diaries and Washington Maid, INC.
The union is asking Is per cent
increase from minimum wages which
now are 10 cents an hour for un-
skilled workers and $1.12 for skilled.
A tentative agreement for an per
cent increase was reached by COM
pany and union negotiators on May
3 but the membership of the union
refused to ratify the agreement.
Evening star., 1947-07-23
58-Degree Low Gives Capital
Coolest July 70 in SO Years
Mercury Down to so in Some Nearby Areas;
Dumuee to Gardens or Crops Unlikely

the temperature got as low as So
was in 1911.
The Weather Bureau also reported
that rainfall in Washington so far
this month totaled 1928 inches, con-
siderably above normal.
Fall-like weather here is part of
a cool wave that. has spread over
much of the West and South and is
now moving out to sea.
Hail and rain fell along Lake
Erie yesterday, and hail drifts 18
inches deep were reported in Pep
per Pike, a village near Cleveland,
Ohio. .v.-.
Temperatures dropped below 40
in Southern Michigan. while Land
O. Lakes, Wis, had low of SO de-
grees yesterday. : -.
Heavy rains occurred in the lower
lakes and In the northeastern sec
tion Of the country, with IS fam
lilies reported homeless in Erie, Pa,
where q rainfall OF 9.03 inches in a
24-hour period was reported. Dam
age in the. Pennsylvania city OF
1856 900 was estimated at 81 ,ooNoo0'
Evening star., 1947-07-23
DC. Pastor to Ask Army to Ban
GI MARRIAGES in Reich Again

DR.. Glenn stressed that he believes
no "notoriously bad girls" have been
among the $50 married to Americans
since the ban on weddings IN the
occupation zone was lifted last De-
cember. Army chaplains and other
authorities have done good JOB OF
preventing marriages with fraulelns
who have Nazi, criminal or disease
records, he stated.
However, the youth of occupation
troops, coupled with their distance
from America and separation from
the reactions of their families and
friends, makes it hard for them to
choose the best wife, Doctor Glenn
said.
He will suggest that all marriages
be handled under the fiancee I'M
(See FRAU,EINS, Page A-6D
Evening star., 1947-07-23
British Ship Sinks
In Harbor at Haifa
After Blast, Fire
Internal Explosion Laid
To Explosives Placed by
.Soboteurs at Cyprus
BY the Assoeiofed Press

JERUSALEM, July 23.-Ofhcial
sources reported today that the
British ship Empire Lifeguard
had been sunk in Haifa harbor,
presumably by saboteurs, shortly
after disembarking 261 legal
Jewish immigrants transported
to the Holy Land from detention
camps on Cyprus.
A British release disclosing the
sinking said:
THE Empire Lifeguard, trans
port returning Jewish immigrants
from Cyprus, was sunk this morning
in Haifa harbor by an internal ex-
plosion after all the immigrants had
disembarked
1T is believed that charge was
placed on board while the ship was
taking on the immigrants at Fama-
gusta "a port in Cyprus.
mo casualties have been reported
so far"
Immigrants Put Ashore.
Advices from Haifa said fire had
broken out aboard the Empire Life
guard shortly after she arrived in
the harbor, and that the immigrants
had been hurriedly put ashore.
Official sources said that 40 or so
immigrants still were aboard the
vessel when the explosion which
preceded the fire occurred, but none
was injured.
The ship was said to have gone
down alongside the quai and to be
resting half-submerged, with her
keel on the bottom of the harbor. =
The Empire Lifeguard is Liberty
ship, which had been repeatedly
used to deport illegal Jewish immi-
grants from Palestine to Cyprus.
The Jews disembarked from her
today were part of the regular
monthly quota given entry certifi-
Gates after being detained at Cyprus.
4 British Injured.
Meanwhile, continuing wave of
violence, apparently famed by the
recent deportation of 4,500 Jewish
immigrants intercepted while trying
to enter Palestine aboard the
steamer President Warfield, resulted
in serious injury to four more Brit
ish soldiers in Haifa.
The soldiers were injured when
the military car in which they were
riding struck a road mine in the
Ahuza quarter on Mount Carmel
and was blown into a deep ravine.
The incident brought to eight
killed and SIS wounded the toll Of
casualties in the last eight days.
Evening star., 1947-07-23
BY the Assoeiofsd Press

Calling the Security Council a
"perpetually hung jury" the
American Legion today proposed
an overhaul of the United Ma
tions Charter to curtail the Big
Five veto and set up tyranny
proof" world police force.
Climaxirg a year of study, the
Legions recommendations were for
warded in a letter to each member
of Congress with this acknowledge
ment: -.-
'It may not be possible or eXpedi-
ent to attempt to bring about
changes now, but we believe they
suggest a goal which must be at
tanned in order that the United Ma
tions becomes fully effective"
The veterans organization con-
tended It's recommendations would
LAY solid foundation for the elm
nation of the atomic threat" 1t
said further they ARE indispensable
to bring about an adequate substi-
Evening star., 1947-07-23
BY the Assoeiofed Press

BATAVIA, Java, July 23.-
Scorched-earth tactics were be-
gun today by Indonesian Repub-
lican forces ahead of a deter
mined Dutch Army drive to slice
Java in two, a broadcast Indo-
nesian Army communique an
nounced.
At the same time official Dutch
dispatches from Sumatra said ir-
regular Indonesian soldiers of "the
Peoples Army" in the big neighbor-
ing island of Sun1atra also we're ap-
plying the tactics. These dispatches
said the irregulars burned more
than 100 homes before evacuating
the town Of Arnhemia, a few miles
south of Dutch-held Medan Arm
henia now is in Dutch hands, the
dispatches said.
British Foreign Secretary
Bevin said in London that Brit
ain was determined to seek an
end to warfare in Indonesia "at
Evening star., 1947-07-23
Aid for Poland
.She|ved byU.S.
AS Not Needed
Good Crops Also Moy
Keep Hungary From
Getting Assistance
By the Associated Press

Poland's share of the $685., ,000,-
900 American relief program was
Cancelled today on grounds that
the Poles have sufficient food,
and State Department officials
indicated Hungary likewise may
be excluded from the program.
The action on Poland was taken
on recommendation of survey
mission headed by Col r. L. Har-
rison. He reported to Secretary OF
State Marshall that Poland has food
for minimum needs at least for the
remainder of this year.
Better crop prospects in Hungary
make likely a decision that country
also can get by without American
assistance, relief officials said
Poland is within the Soviet orbit
and Hungary is occupied by Red
Army forces.
Needs Held Basis of Action.
The decisions on relief, however,
were said to be based entirely on
needs.
Relief shipments already have
started to Italy, Greece, Austria and
Trieste, under the program, and
preliminary discussions are in pro-
gress with China. These along with
Poland and Hungary were author
lied by Congress to share in the
relief program, which the House
trimmed from S350,000,000 to $780,
100000 in voting appropriations.
On his survey of Poland, Col. Har-
rison said he found the Polish food
situation much better than in many
other countries which were visited
by two members of the mission in
the last year"
Health Seems Good.
Food conditions were noticeably
better than those in Greece, Italy.
Austria, the United States United
Kingdom zones of Germany and
Japan" he said.
THE general health of the Polish
people appeared to be good, their
spirit excellent and their ability
to work well above average, There
are substantial reasons why this is
so. Among them is the progress
made in industrial and agricultural
recovery
The industrial section of Silesia
was found by the inspection group
to be the most active industrial area
observed outside the United States,
with exports Of coal and other raw
materials and finished products
promising to increase.
Production on Increase.
Advising that Polish food produc-
ton is ION the increase" the re-
port said:
Polish officials interviewed were
unanimous in stating that
there will be no starvation In Poland
or acute malnutrition on a wide
spread basis even without food i'm.
ports"
Col. Harrison said imports of med
ical supplies and supplementary
foodstuffs for special groups appear
justified and that some imports OF
grain seed and fertilizer would be
helpful.
The State Department said in its
announcement, however, that such
special items could be supplied
through private relief agencies and
other sources, such as the Interna-
tional Emergency Children's fund.
The announcement added:
z I'm view of the above and of the
fact that the funds available are
sufficient to meet only The most urg-
ent relief needs, it has been decided
not to undertake relief program
for Poland"
Evening star., 1947-07-23
Legion Proposes u. N. Overhaul
To Curtoi Veto Of Big Five
Security Council Is 'PerpetuoIIy Hung Jury,
Members of Congress Are Told in Letter

tute for the grim rules Of power
politics"
Specifically, the Legion proposed
three Charter amendments de-
signed to:
/. Give more effective repre-
sentation of the nations" on the
Security Council and abolish the
veto in cases of aggression "or
preparation for aggression"
2. Give the Security Council "ade-
quate powers" to prevent aggressive
war by creating iron-clad interna-
tional controls over atomic weapons
and all other means of mass de-
struction.
3. Create "a powerful yet tyranny
proof" world police force.
These proposals followed closely
an outcropping of congressional
resolutions calling for United
Nations Charter revision conference,
but while sponsors of these reso-
lutions said they might lead to
Russian withdrawal from the U. N,
1See LEGION, Page A-6J
Evening star., 1947-07-23
House Unit Approves
Granting Citizenship
Rights 10 Kravchenko
Final Action on Bill
Before Congress Quits
Appears improbable
By the Assoeiofed Press

A House Judiciary Subcom-
mittee today approved a bill
that would open the way to
American citizenship for Victor
A. Kravchenko, former Soviet
official who has publicly re-
nounced Communism.
The measure, which would waive
provisions of law forbidding Com
munist to become citizen, still re-
quires approval of the full commit
tee. Its passage by the House and
Senate is improbable before the next
congressional session, beginning in
January.
Mr.. Kravchenko, who testified be-
fore the House Un-American Ac-
tivities Committee yesterday that
all responsible Soviet officials in the
United States are spies, told the
judiciary group he fears for his life
if he is not given the protection
accorded American citizens.
Il can't live here one year" he
said, IT you don't give me citizen
ship" 2
Served With Purchasing Board.
Mr.. Kravchenko, former Rus
sian Army officer, also served with
the Soviet Purchasing Commission
in this country before splitting with
the Red regime. ,~-~
The proposed bill specifically
would declare that Mr.. Kravencho
came to the United States for per-
manent residence as an immigrant,
under the Russian quota, on Au-
gust 18, 1943, the day he arrived
under diplomatic status.
He would be able to get final cit
izenship papers two years and 80
days after the bill becomes law.
Prior to that he would be allowed
to leave the country and return.
The subcommittee acted after
Representatives. Coudert, Repub-
lican, of New York and Mundt, Re-
publican, of South Dakota testified
for Mr.. Kravchenko and said he
has rendered enormous" service to
this country.
How do you know that he isn't
a spy himself?" inquired Represent
ative Celler, Democrat, of New York.
Under Careful Surveillance.
Mr.. Mundt said Mr.. Kravchenko
has been under "the most careful
surveillance" by police and the FBI,
and has been issued a police permit
to carry a gun for protection.
by the Lord Harry" Mr.. Coudert
remarked, "he had the guts-as did
our ancestors in 1776-to break
away, and break clean"
Mr.. Celler recalled that Mr.. Krav-
chenko told the Un-American Ac-
tivities Committee that Marshall
Field, publisher of the Chicago Sun
and New York PM, is more dan
gerous" than 80 per cent of the
Communists.
I'll go as far as I can," Mr.. Celler
said, but I don't think a man who
Evening star., 1947-07-23
Five Witnesses Urge
Manager and Elected
Council for District
Hearing Gets Statement
From Mrs. Norton Asking
National Representation
By Rudolph Kouffmonn II

Dy NuooiPh NouiI"ho"" ~ .,
A city manager-elected council
form of government for the Dis
trict set up under a congress
sional charter was advocated to-
day by three prominent organi-
cations and two men with long
experience in District affairs.
All agreed in testimony before a
House District Subcommittee on
Home Rule that this would be the
best way of giving the Capital home
rule, but they differed on details OF
the problem. -.
The witnesses were Louis Brown
low a former District Commissioner
William A. Roberts, a former peo-
ple's counsel; Henry Beitscher,
speaking for the District Industrial
Union Council; Mrs. Milton Dunn
speaking for the District of Colum-
bia League of Women Voters, and
Benjamin Sigal, president OF the
Washington chapter of the Ameri-
cans of Democratic Action. -
Mrs. Norton Dissents.
Dissenting opinion on the home
rule problem was voiced by Repre-
sentative Norton, Democrat, of New
Jersey who was chairman Of the
House District Committee for seven
years and sponsored national rep
resentation legislation for the Dis
trict. She submitted a written
statement opposing home rule and
favoring only national representa-
ton for the city.
II do not believe that there is a
great deal of sentiment for strictly
local suffrage, but there is definitely
much sentiment for legislation
which would provide representation
either in the House or Senate or
both," Mrs. Norton said.
During my seven years as chair
man of the District Committee, this
type of suffrage received the greatest
support. I believe it to be very popu-
lar at this time.
I'VE know that under the present
system whereby members of Con-
gress are appointed to the District
Committee, these members are do
ing a double service. They are serv-
ing their own congressional districts,
and, in addition, are responsible for
the District of Columbia. In many
cases this latter service has been the
source of a great deal of criticism
from the districts which the mem
bers are elected to represent.
Dual Duties Cost Seat.
recall one case Of very valu-
able member who was defeated dur
ing the time I was chairman of the
District Committee because his OPP
ponent In the campaign used the
argument against his reelection that
he gave much more time to the Dis
trict of Columbia than he did to his
own district. Dual service does not
make for eficient service to either
the District of Columbia or the
congressional district member rep
resents, when one considers the
heavy legislative and congressional
1see HOME RULE, Page A-so
n
Evening star., 1947-07-23
France Is Undecided
On Jews Disposition

PARIS, July % [P.-The French
government apparently still was un-
decided today what action it would
take with regard to $500 Jewish
refugees intercepted by the British
off Palstinee and now reported
bound for French port.
The immigrants had sailed for
Palestine from Sete, in Southern
France aboard the former Chesa-
peake Bay steamer President War
field, renamed Exodus of 1947.''
The French said the passengers all
had Colombian visas.
Evening star., 1947-07-23

the earliest possible moment"
and was working on several pos
sible solutions which he did not
disclose.
(Speaking to the House of
Commons, Mr.. Bevin said he
could not at present give an
opinion on whether the Security
Council of the United Nations is
the best and most appropriate
means of achieving this object.'D
Dutch Menace Stronghold.
An Indonesian communique ac-
knowledged that Dutch troops in
East Central Java were only IL miles
from the key Indonesian stronghold
of Malang, and were driving south
ward to a town only miles from
the stronghold.
Other Dutch units threatened the
Republican capital of Jogjakarta
with a two-pronged drive. One
Dutch column driving south from
Semarang on the north central coast
took Salatiga, key town on a high
way winding 46 mountainous miles
to Jogjakarta.
Just ahead of the Dutch drive on
Malang, the broadcast Indonesian
bulletin said, Republican forces sue
cessfully scorched the earth. Fight
ing was under way in the area of
Lawang, IL miles north of Malang,
the communique added.
On Sumatra, the Dutch dispatches
said, damage of at least 100000 was
caused when Indonesians poured
gasoline on Arnhemia's homes and
fired them. The towns police in
structor barricaded himself and his
men in the police barracks and
fought off the Indonesian irregular5,
who sought to burn the barracks
building, the dispatches added.
Planes Attack Jogjakarta.
Advioes from Jogjakarta said the
Indonesians had imposed nightly
10 pm. to am. curfew in their
capital as officials took an increas-
ingly grave view of the military sit
uation. The city remained calm,
however, despite bombing attack
by Dutch planes at noon, the dis
patch said.
A dispatch from Associated Press
correspondent Harris jackson in
Evening star., 1947-07-23
Truman Visiting Senate
For Informal Luncheon
Nv the Axxor;ased py~ss

President Truman was due at
the Capitol today for an informal
luncheon with former Senate COL
leagues
Both Republicans and Democrats
were invited to join the President
at luncheon given by Leslie L.
Biffle, director Of the Senate Demo-
cratic Policy Committee.
When he first took Office, Mr..
Truman often paid informal visits
to Capitol HILL but of late he has
limited his appearances to formal
occasions.
Senators invited said they looked
forward to a social get-together. with
no discussion of legislative matters.