davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-04-17
GETTING at the Causes

The Juvenile Court authorities
have been asking, for many years,
for an addition to its staff in the
person of an analyst. The request
has been stricken out. It means
another job, and the disposition
these days is to eliminate every
possible job.
But when the District appropria-
ton bill comes before the Horan
subcommittee this year the need
for this job should be examined
with more care. It is time that we
began some scientific, continuing
analysis of the conditions that lead
children into the Juvenile Court
why so many Of them become
repeaters. There Is, In Juvenile
Court, a great quantity of undigested
information on the subject. But the
court is without means to make the
specialized study Of case records
that might produce pattern of
cause and effect. And in the light
Of new efforts to combat juvenile
delinquency, the more precise infor-
nation we have as to its many
causes the more likely we are to
expend intelligent effort in treating
the causes rather than the effect.
The Juvenile Court Is understaffed.
It labors under q disheartening
volume of work. It should be mat
ter of concern to the community
that we are not taking the oppor-
tunity to profit by what may be
learned from a systematic analysis
OF court records.
Evening star., 1947-04-17
Tiso and SIovukiu

The death sentence imposed upon
Father Joseph Tiso by a special
tribunal in Bratislava climaxes
something more than an ordinary
treason trial. This burlys round
faced cleric is not merely a high
eccleSiastic of the Roman Church,
with the title of monsignor; he is
also longtime leader of the Slovak
autonomist movement. who became
President of the Republic of Slo-
vakia when that region proclaimed
it's independence at the time of the
German seizure of the Czech por-
tions of Czechoslovakia in the fate
full spring of 1889. on the eve Of
World War II. Thereafter, slovakia
became puppet Of Nazi Germany,
aiding it in every way.
Slovak autonomism has been a
grave problem from the very start
of Czechoslovakia after World War I.
AS its name indicates, the new state
was union of two populations
which, though speaking basically
the same languages and with closely
kindred cultures, had been histor-
ically separated for many centuries.
While the Czech lands of Bohemia
and Moravia had been associated
with Germanic Central Europe, the
Slovaks had been under Hungarian
(Magyar) rule. ! Furthermore, the
economic interests of the two Sec
tions are diverse, Slovakia looking
toward the Hungarian plain and
being sundered from the Czechs by
lofty mountains.
During World War I, the ground
work of national union was nego-
tiated right here in America between
exiled leaders of both groups, the
Czech leader being none other than
the late DR.. Thomas G. Masaryk,
who became first President. The
outcome was the so-called Pitts
burgh Agreement, which the Slovaks
have always contended had prom
ised them wide local autonomy.
However, the Czechoslovakia set up
after World War I was a unitary
state, albeit with liberty of speech,
the press and political association.
But this did not satisfy those Slovaks
who demanded local self-govern-
ment, and the autononlist move
ment continued to persist.
The elections of May, 1916, re-
vealed the distinctions between the
two peoples. While the Communists
swept the Czech lands. Slovakia
went anti Communist by a large
majority. The rift was inflamed by
| Communist efforts to set aside the
electoral verdict in Slovakia. To
many Sloyaks. the trial of Father
Tiso seems a Communist affront,
which touched OF demonstrations Of
| both q religious and separatist ma
Evening star., 1947-04-17
The Political Mill
BY Gould Lincoln

The first congressional "by-election"
since the 1946 Republican sweep-out-
side the solid South"-takes place next
Tuesday in the I'd district of Wis
consin, to fill vacancy caused by the
death of the late Representative Robert
X. Henry, Republican. The prospect Is
for another Republican victory-in q
district that has been strongly Repub-
lican, or La Toilette Progressive, over
period of years.
The coming by-election, while 1t Is
not expected to show any particular
trend" any more than the election OF
a Democrat in an Alabama districts
not without interest. The I'd dis
trict of Wisconsin, which includes Madi-
son, the capital of the State, has been
a La Toilette stronghold in the past. 1t
was the home Of the late Senator Robert
M. La Toilette Fighting Bob, who DOM
mated Republican politics IN the State
for many years, and Is the home OF his
sons, former Senator Bob La Toilette,
ir, and former Gov. Philip La Toilette.
For the present, the La Follettes are
in eclipse, politically. The former Sen
ator has Offices in Washington, where
he is a consultant on economic subjects.
He is also member of the Sears, Roe
buck retirement fund board. Former
Gov. La Toilette Is actively practicing
law, with clients in many parts Of the
country.
This, however, does not mean that the
La Follettes will remain politically sup
pressed. Much will depend on future
Developments in their home State. The
former Senator was strongly urged by
many of his friends to make the race
for the Republican nomination for rep
resentative for the I'd district, after
Mr.. Henry died. He decided against it,
however. He had been defeated for re-
nomination to the Senate last summer
by Senator Mccarthy, when Mr.. La Fol-
lette entered the Republican primary.
the first time since he formed the Pro-
gressive Party of Wisconsin with his
brother, back in 1884 There is no sena-
torial election in the State until 1850.
when Senator Wiley, Republican, comes
up again.
The Republican candidate in the elec-
ton which takes place on Tuesday is
Glen Davis of Waukeshaw, a veteran OF
AAS~S~
of politics, Mr.. Davis exemplifles fact
that has become more and more appar-
ent during the last year or two-the
fact that new faces and new names are
supplanting old in ever-increasing num-
ber, as both veteran Republicans and
Democrats are turned out Of office. Fur
ther, Mr.. Davis victory in the primary
election for the Republican nomination
was won over one of the former leading
La Toilette Progressives, Harry Sautoff
of Madison, who served four terms In
the House, but was defeated by Mr..
Henry in 1914. Last year, the Progressive
Party having thrown up the ghost, Mr..
Sautoff, like former Senator La Toilette,
turned back to the Republican Party.
And this winter he entered the special
Republican primary against Glen Davis
Mr.. Davis was the indorsed candidate Of
the Republican organization Ia thu
Evening star., 1947-04-17
How Much?
From the Christian Science Monitor.

from the Cnristihn science Aonito3.
How much responsibility can the
United States accept for political din
culties which other democratic govern
ments may face as they are caught In
the east-west crossdre? Can the United
States give effective aid to such Govern
ments? Can 1t overhaul its economic
policies TO support democracy for the
long run at many points around the
globe? Even II the United States cam
not do all these things, the Truman pro-
gram does not seem headed for war. But
it may skid into confusion. Increased
efforts to lay a global pattern Of eco
nomic support and collaboration with
all democracies Is now clearly called for.
This must be done II the present chal-
lenge to totalitarianism is surely to lead
to peace
Evening star., 1947-04-17
A Konsus Sonq
BY David Lsxrsscs
From the Lesyenworth Times.

from the LeavenWorth Times.
A good deal has been said lately about
the popular song Home on the Range"
and the discussion arising over the sug-
gestion that 1t might be made the ofil-
cial song Of Kansas. The song, both
words and music, were written in this
State and it was published In 1879 In
the Smith County Pioneer.
1t was a good thing for the writer's a
the song that they did publish II IN
the little town paper the year they
wrote 1t because In 1884, q suit for cool
half-million dollars for infringement Of
copyright was brought BY . couple o(
Arizona men who claimed 10 have writ
ten the song.
1t was q New York lawyer who traced
down the earlier and authenic source Of
the song. Faced With the facts the
Arizona men hastily withdrew theif
suit. It's all Kansas whether Il ever
becomes State song or not.
Evening star., 1947-04-17
By R.dolth Kasfmann II

If a poll were taken to find out what
Washingtonians regard as the city S
greatest single esthetic asset, the chances
are that most of them would say the
trees.
The Capital has been called city in
forest Its tree-lined streets and tree
studded parks and lawns are distinctive;
give 1t restfuI look, soften the dazzling
light Of summers, Set of Its broad
streets and handsome buildings.
First place among Washington's trees
goes to the elm. Arching over such
streets as New Hampshire and New Jer-
sey avenues, fringing the Ellipse and
the Mall, shading the White House
grounds with its curying branches. the
elm fills q need for broad-crowned
tree of great beauty that few. II any,
other species can meet.
But these great trees, now approach
ing their heyday (the older ones were
planted around 1880 will start dying q
slow and parching death within few
years, perhaps earlier. unless something
is done to protect them.
They would not all die at once. They
would not die in q short period of years,
like the ill-fated chestnuts, whose stubs
still try vainly to sprout IN the larger
parks here and throughout the North
eastern United States.
But death will come just as surely and
completely as 1t has to the chestnuts
II nature is allowed to take its course.
Creeping slowly up on Washington's
elms is the Dutch Elm Disease, mur-
derer of uncounted thousands Of trees.
Spread by tiny spores, it clogs the water
carrying ducts of elns with funguslike
growth, causing them literally to die
Of thirst.
The Typhoid Mary Of Bugs.
These spores are spread by the ELM
bark beetle, already in Washington in
large numbers. This Typhoid Mary"
of bug builds its colonies in dead and
dying elm wood 1t gnaws galleries and
lays its eggs. The beetles live principal
Iy on elm leaves. While scattering to
feed on healthy foliage, they spread the
deadly little spores which spell starva-
tion and death for elms.
Eighteen months ago the disease, ap-
preaching Washington from the North
west was known to have reached the
banks of the Monocacy River in Fred
erick County. 1t has now reached Sem
eca Greek in Montgomery County.
Irving O. Root, superintendent OF Ma
tional Capital Parks; John Batson. the
Districts superintendent of street trees.
and Agriculture Department tree ex-
perts held meeting a few days ago at
which they said the advance guard of
this invading army of spores may be in
the Capital even now. ~
The disease was identified first in
Rotterdam in 1917 and since has spread
through many parts of Northwestern
Europe.
In the 1e20s both the European
beetles and the spores entered this coun-
try with shipments Of burl elm logs from
the Netherlands, to be used in the man
ufacture of fine furniture veneer.
Evening star., 1947-04-17
AWreuth for SPRING

Wh0t c0H otter sprts0 shoee J0ees
ossshsnes ~ prssss o., rs6tsst saS
ssceet, n
1As ss$srs softgS - NJ ssssrea6 6essa,
S5esnns1n0 tss Uoo6eids SatA sgetA
eager fsst.
The yown0 lsovss ssst - slssdoss -
bsr face,
Bfd-song sttsnds ~, sssli0ht foods
the land:
Long sought, she consSs st Icst wJth
qnickeninr pace, 81
Bearing spray OF blossonss - her
hand.
And ro3A edd tsso flowers 10 hsr
spray
Synbols Of tt@sS; NJ Sssnorjs6
Gsphodeg
Fer older Springs tkAt nsnt thS6
laughing icGy;
~ tyturs swtsgs. ~ fs6sssss ~.
ssovtsi1s.
MN 1Ano1.AY KusgY.
Evening star., 1947-04-17
Extru-LequI CompuIsion

s{F III Tile lace Ol bQS UldLtcT IIACi Q
would seem to be considerable merit
to the principal objection raised by
the American Telephone and Tele-
graph Company to Secretary Of
Labor Schwellenbach's arbitration
proposal.
MIR. Schwellenbach wants a single
arbitration board to hear and dis
pose of all forty-five disputes be-
tween the telephone companies and
the various unions comprising the
National Federation of Telephone
Workers. In support Of this posi-
ton, he contends that wartime ex-
perience demonstrated that regional
wage boards were not satisfactory.
The A. T. g. r., denying that the
Schwellenbach proposal had been
rejected and contending that it had
been accepted In principle in
sists at the same time that the
single-board plan is not feasible
since 1t would take an unreasonable
length of time to hear all Of the
issues in dispute.
Whatever the relative merits of
this dispute, however. it can hardly
be denied that Mr.. Schwellenbach
is placed In an interesting position
by his reaction to the refusal Of
both the company and the union to
accept his proposal In its original
form.
After being notified of the re-
fusals, Mr.. Schwellenbach asserted
that the public "has borne the brunt
of this strike" and contended that
neither of the parties to this dis
pute have shown any recognition
of the public responsibility they
have" He also asserted that his
proposal was a fair one, and that
neither side "had any business to
come back here and try to negotiate
with me on my proposal" This was
followed by a radio broadcast In
which the Labor Secretary urged the
people "who want telephone service
and who pay telephone bills to de-
mand of each side that they accept
the proposal which I made"
Perhaps this was a rather mean
ingless gesture, since the people who
pay the telephone bills can bring
little direct pressure on the state
controlled telephone monopoly, and
none on the telephone union. Never
theless, it puts Mr.. Schwellenbach in
the position of attempting, through
an appeal to the public, to force
the parties to accept arbitration.
The situation being what it is, one
should be chary Of criticizing pres
sure tactics designed to force arbi-
tration. But 1t is surprising to find
Mr.. Schwellenbach on that side of
the fence, for he has been con-
sistent and vigorous opponent OF
compulsory arbitration based on
law. II he believes, however, that
there is a public interest at stake
which justifles his effort in this in
stance to compel the parties to arbi-
trate on his terms, why is he not
willing to throw his support behind
a law which would set up orderly
machinery for the compulsory arbi-
tration of all public utility disputes
affecting any substantial public in
terest?
Evening star., 1947-04-17

State, headed by Tom Coleman. This
is the organization which succeeded,
finally, in the ousting of the La Follettes.
The man who defeated Mr.. La Toilette
in the senatorial primary last year
Senator Joe McCarthy-has been quiet
ly ana successfully learning his way
around the Capitol and the National
Capital since Congress assembled in
January. His victory over the veteran
La Toilette was one of the political
upsets Of that politically upsetting year.
Mr.. Mccarthy was a circuit Judge in
Wisconsin when he enlisted as buck
private in the United States Marines
during the last war. He was later COM
missioned, qualified as q tail gunner in
marine aviation and had II official
missions in the South Pacific. He is
only 81 years old. While he was over
seas, he was candidate for q Repub-
1ican senatorial nomination in 1914 but
lost out to Senator Wiley. But last year,
he made an intensive campaign through
out the State, while Mr.. La Toilette re-
manned here in Washington for the
congressional session. So well did he do
his work, Mr.. Mccarthy, an unknown,
won over his experienced opponent,
tnough Dy narrow margin.
X X
Senator Mccarthy made brisk fight
to have sugar controls lifted entirely,
when legislation continuing the controls
was up in the Senate. The fight resulted
in a compromise, with controls eased
somewhat. He also has to his credit
for his constituents-an amendment TO
the bill passed by Congress this year ex-
tending the so-called war excise taxes.
His amendment eliminated the luxury
tax on cheap fur coats-valued up to
$3.50. Many such coats are produced In
his home State and the industry was
being hurt. With strong Republican
Party now again In full swing in Wis
consin. Mr.. Mccarthy looks like long
time Senator-unless he takes fancy
to some other occupation.
Evening star., 1947-04-17

law 20 out Of date and 20 inimical
to the interests OF the United States
should be apparent to every one to-
day. There can be little doubt that
Congress will grant Mr.. Truman's
request for new munitions control
law attuned to the realities OF the
postwar world.
Evening star., 1947-04-17
Outmoded Neutrality

HOW times nave CQduseu III tWClfc
years! Back in 1885 there was a
violent reaction in Congress to Presi-
dent Roosevelt's proposal that some
discretion be given the President In
administering the arms embargo OF
pending neutrality legislation. He
wanted authority to send munitions
to a friendly nation in time of need,
while denying such aid to an aggres-
,sor nation. History is filled with
unforeseeable situations that call for
some fexibility Of action" he
warned.
But isolationiSm was running
strong in those wistful days, an
isolationism that believed that war
could be kept from this continent
by "minding our own business" The
arms embargo was clamped down
rigidly and impartially, to be lifted
only upon the outbreak OF war in
Europe. 1t was superseded by the
Neutrality Act of 1889, which author
lied the shipment of arms to bellig-
erents on a cash-and-carry basis
but still without discrimination as
between aggressor and victim. Ac-
tually. however. the revised law
worked to the advantage of Great
Britain and France. since their
shipping facilities and finances gave
them a preferential position. In
1910 Congress passed the Emer-
gency Export Control Act. specifi-
cally empowering the President to
favor friendly nations in need of aid
as against their attackers-in the
interest of our own security. And
in 1s41 Congress repealed the CASH
and-carry restrictions, thus permit
ting our ships to carry aid into COM
bat zones.
The emergency discretionary au-
thority will expire, however on June
80 of this year. There will be left,
still In effect, the nondiscretionary
provisions of section II of the 1889
statute. In these circumstances
President Truman has sent to Con-
gress a request for discriminatory
powers much like those sought by
President Roosevelt in 1885. The
reception to the suggestion this time
was far different from that accorded
Mr.. Roosevelt. In fact, Congress re-
ceived the Truman request with
scarcely a furry. 1t is plain that
rugged -isolationism of the prewar
variety has become outmoded in an
era facing the dangers of atomic
warfare.
Outmoded, also, is the 1858 con-
cept of insuring peace by adherlng
TO a policy of strict neutrality IN
world affairs. That concept, as Mr..
Truman points out. no longer is con-
sistent with Americas new role as
a member OF the United Nations
committed TO q policy OF interna-
tional collaboration against dis
turbers, or potential disturbers, OF
world peace.
Nor is it consistent with our In
term program for supporting demo-
cratic peoples against threatened
aggression-as it is proposed that
we do in the case of Greece and
Turkey. In fact, the Greco-Turkish
aid plan will be in violation of the
spirit of the 1899 neutrality law un-
less we also are willing to grant
similar aid, upon request, to Russia
and her satellites. The absurdity
Of retaining on the statute books a
Evening star., 1947-04-17

After the next war we will have
no national debt. Atom bombs will
wipe 1t out. And everything else
Wen all learn the meaning of obliv-
ion. Think about it-no budget, no
interest, nobody, no nothing. Ten
thousands years hence another Dar-
win will be explaining how it started.
Evening star., 1947-04-17
But Does He?

FROM the Cleveland News.
A North Carolina legislator moves 70
outlaw dynamite for purposes Of enter
tainmert. II he means any movie blond
IN particular, II him ~ -.
Evening star., 1947-04-17

One of the simple joys OF life is
that Of getting back from Miami
and feeling comfortably warm again
for the first time in weeks.
Evening star., 1947-04-17

Attention, MIR. Gromyko
To the Editor Of The Star.
To the surprise of no one but the
Daily Worker, Mr.. Gromyko has I'm
ally come out In opposition to the
Greco-Turkish aid program. In addi-
ton to the stock phrases already well
used up by Henry Wallace, Mr.. Grony-
ko tells us that Turkey does not de-
'serve American help because she en-
tered the war too late to do any good
Do you think it would be polite to
remind Comrade Gromyko about Soviet
entry into the japanese war just in
time to loot Manchuria? vERITAS.
Liquor and Auto Accidents
To the Editor of The Star.
Your editorial note that drinking has
fallen on in the Nations Capital and
the hope that it will result in fewer
accidents caused by drunken drivers re-
calls the days when the forces of law
and decency In this country were capitu-
lating to gangsters Of the AL Capone
type. To think that liquor and automo-
biles would not mix was absurd and
silly, and any one who even suggested
1t was laughed out of school, The Demo-
cratic candidate for President in 1882
in his acceptance. speech at Chicago
after indorsing all the other party plat
form planks 100 per cent, when he came
to the one on repeal shouted. "and I
stand 100 per cent for this one, too!"
which Endorsement brought applause
that literally ratified the windows and
shook the rafters. Drunken drivers to-
day are accounting for . large per-
centase Of car accidents, II not 100 per
cent. 9. r q.
Evening star., 1947-02-25
Inquiry Info Release
OF Luciano Sought in
New York Assembly
By the Asseeioted Press

ALBANY, N. Y, Feb. 25.-Ar
investigation by the New York
Legislature into the release from
prison of Charles lucky Luci-
ano, whose sentence was COM
muted by Gov. Dewey 13 months
ago, is sought by Democratic
Assemblyman Owen McGivern OF
New York City.
Mr.. McGivern's resolution was
introduced last night as Cuban off,
cials announced the former New
York gangster would be deported to
his native Italy.
Luciano, deported to Italy after
Gov. Dewey committed his sentence
on January 8, 1916, came to Havana
last October.
The United States Government
last week banned all narcotics ship
ments to Cuba as long as Luciano
remained there.
Gov. Dewey, acting on the recon-
mendation of the State Parole
Board, commuted Luciano's SEN
tence after he had served 81 years
of a 30-to-50-year centence for COM
pulsory prostitution. Luciano had
been prosecuted by Gov. Dewey
when the latter was special New
York City prosecutor.
Gov. Dewey said in committing
sentence that Luciano's aid had
been sought by the armed services
in inducing others to provide in
formation concerning possible enemy
attack"
Evening star., 1947-02-25

manent pay plan for teachers Is
scheduled to be given the Legisla-
ture tomorrow by Gov. Dewey's spe-
cial Committee on Education.
The New York State Teachers
Association has been campaigning
for a $2,400-$3,6 900 annual salary
minimum.
The present Buffalo scale is 81 ,875-
S2,575 for elementary teachers and
S2,175-$2,975 for secondary teachers
plus e-authorized $500 extra
payment spread over Is months. The
suggested 81 400 minimum would af
feet beginners. The $1,025 raise
would bring all others above the new
minimum.
Reports from the 18 out of 78
elementary schools which functioned
yesterday were mixed. But activities
at the two out of 18 high schools
which opened were downright bois-
ferrous.
The holiday spirit" at Lafayette
High, coupled with what officials
claimed was a cafeteria provision
shortage due to refusal of unionized
delivery men to enter the building,
forced cancellation of classes. Glasses
were conducted at Technical High
School, but with little semblance to
normal schedule.
In normal times more than $50
passenger trains operate daily across
the Mexican or Canadian borders
of the United States.