davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-10-30
Manila Has 0ne-Third
Of Philippine Co.ops

MANILA, p. l., Oct. 80 (CDN).-
Manila is revealed as "co-op-mind-
ed capital in latest figures which
show that Of 1901 cooperative stores
IN this country, 30S or about one
third flourish here.
In a report just released, the Ma
tional Co = operatives Association
gives its authorized capital as more
than $13,000,000 and claims q total
membership Of 253 1854 persons, most
ly Of the lower classes. In the year
ended June 80, total coop sales ex-
ceeded $1,500,00
Co-operatives are government en-
couraged as counterbalance to the
strong hold which Chinese nationals
have no retail trade. Budget Com
missioner Pho Pedrosa recently
called this allen" control a hind
rance to economic emancipation"
While co-ops have made hardly a
dent in Chinese-monopolized retail
business, their number indicates an
appreciable growth in this country
Of 5000, 900 people.
Evening star., 1947-10-30
Modern Record System
Urged for Bowling Green
Special pispoteh 10 The Stor

BOWLING GREEN, Va, Oct. 80
Provision for a centralized account
ing system in the Bowling Green
town charter has been recommended
by State Auditor ]. Gordon Bennett
in report of the towns fiscal op-
Grafton for the year ending June 30.
The auditor said that while town
officials had made proper account
ing for all public funds, auditing
agents found it troublesome to check
Bowling Green financial records be-
cause of lack of a modern record
system. The present one, he said, is
"of memorandum nature and does
not conform to the standards of &C
counting records which the town
should maintain"
.Mr. Bennett asked that the
somewhat outmoded" town charter
be revised to provide for a more
Evening star., 1947-10-30

tors as prizes for the high school
speaking contest being sponsored by
the Junior Board Of Commerce,
radio stations and radio dealers, the
junior board has announced.
Examinations in the high schools
are underway, and District finals
will be held between November 10
and November Is. -Four national
winners will be brought to Wash
ington for an award banquet on
December 5,
Evening star., 1947-10-30
Rheumatic Fever Recovery

OF 1000 rheumatic fever cases, 10
years later 43S Of the persons af-
fiicted will resume their normal ac-
tivity. 209 will be slightly limited,
135 will be seriously limited, and
203 Will have died. The records of
IA will be missing.
Evening star., 1947-10-30
High School Orators
To Win Radio Prizes

Eleven portable radios and one
combination radio-phonograph will
be donated by local radio distribu-
Evening star., 1947-10-30
EDUCATIONAL
CIVIL SERVICE EXAMS.

CIVIL SERVICE ExAM.-Be well prepared
When We coach you, you pass; coaching
day and night, 10 am. to noon; $50 pm.
THE CIVIL SERVICE PREPARAToRY oRS
SCHOOL, 1918 14th st. NV. (Tivoli The
ater Bldg, 18th and Park I'd. NV,
Evening star., 1947-10-30

centralized procedure. He further
called attention to the absence of a
town budget plan, necessary to COM
ply with State law.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13
BETWEEN THE RIVERS
Repair Work Al Kelly
Dam Nears Completion

Repairing of the dam at Kelly
has been under construction Tor the
past sixty days is very nearly com
pleted. T b e 1915 September flood
caused the waters of the Cape Fear
to. break the White Oak dyke IN
several places. It is hoped that a
crop can be safely made this year
in both the White Oak and Lyon
sections of Lower Bladen and Pen
Ger counties. While the Cape Fear
did not overflow last year during
crop season, but the incessant rains
overlooked the swamp fields and
practically destroyed the corn
in it's making stage. Lyon swamp
canal needs cleaning t, cutting
deeper a n d wider. These swamp
farms are too valuable to give up
entirely.
Another worthy OBJECT Lower
Baden is interested in is the move
for a community hospital in Bladen
county. We feel almost sure that
this much needed hospital will be
erected in the near future.
The state highway between Still
Bluff and Elizabethtown-No. COL
is practically completed, h e last
work being done to the shoulder
and sowing of gras- seed. This is,
a fine piece o f work and much
is given the construction
company. Never has a road needed
hard surfacing more than number
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13

COL. 1t went through deep sandhills
and bays, The traa.c III II S se1.
lion has inc e aefaol
R. J. Corbett. OF Bear Run Farm
in lower Bladen has opened a full
line of merchandise at his store
building at his home. The many
riends of the late G. w. Corbett.
will remember the home of his and
the store he operated.
Social Notes
Mr.. and Mrs. 4. {. Burnes re-
Gently entertained . number of
their friends with an old time
chicken stew begged in home made
rice at their club house on Black
River.
Hazel Devane, young daughter Of
Mr.. and Mrs. H. S. Devane, of Long
View, is a petient in Mercer
hospital, Charlotte.
Ed jackson, of Carver's Creek,
was a business caller in this sect
ion this week.
Henry Pr1dgen, of Wilmington,
spent the weekend at Kelly with
his mother. Mrs. Phoebe Pridgen.
j. H. Corbett. is quite i'll at his
home. He is being attended by DR..
Graham Barefoot, of Wilmington.
Miss Ruby Lee Bordeaux, of E.
C.T.C., spent the weekend with her
grandmother, Mrs. Florence Colvin
of Long View.
G. W. Rawls made a business
trip to Burgaw Thursday.
T. c.. Burnes and Furman Burnes
made a business trip to Elizabeth
town Monday.
Mr.. and Mrs. j. H. Marshall, of
lower Canetuck, we're callers in
this section Saturday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Guy Atkinson, of
Camp Davis, spent h e weekend
with relatives in the Kelly section.
Miss Clara B. Newton, member
of Wallace High School faculty
spent the weekend at her home in
Kelly. 49,
Mrs. J. F. Pridgen, of Kelly.
visited Mrs. W. T.. Rawls
Wednesday.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13
c~hooIs OF State Benefit
Under Will fMax Gardner

came Undersec1etary OF the
Treasury and subsequently Am
bassador, he sold his Cleveland
Cloth mill at Shelby to the j. T.
Stevens interests for an amount
reported as more than $1,000, 900.
Directors of the Gardner foun-
dation wee asked to "bear in
mind my love and affection for
the people of Cleveland county,
both white and colored."
Lauded College
In setting UP the Consolidated
University bequest, Gardner wrote
in his will;
II am convinced that if l have
rendered any public service worthy
to be remembered, it was in caus-
ing enactment Gin 1881 while he
was governor) of the statute con-
solidating the Greater University
of North Carolina. Enough time
has elapsed to convince me that
the university through wise and
SOuIlQ lGduCl Slllp, A1oo 1llCI tAO az
prevail of our people and will serve
humanity through future ages"
The executors were directed to
use the income from a $4,000 be-
quest to lay a wreath each year
on the graves Of:
The Ambassadors parents, DR..
o. P. and Margaret Gardner.
His father and mother-in-law,
Judge James L. and Mrs. Kansas
Webb.
His son, James W. Gardner.
All are buried in Shelby.
And on the grave in Raleigh Of
D. H. Hill, professor at State col
lege. Hill was described in the will
as zone of Gods noblemen, whose
influence as my teacher in English
while I was in college instilled 'in
me my appreciation of literature
and learning"
Requests of $4,000 each went to-:
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13
BY MRS. LOREMA c. RAWLS
Star Correspondent

cURRIE, Feb. lit is quite cold
as I begin this column today, at
least the weather is airlsh out
doors. However, it is comfortable
indoors with the heater going full
blast.
Cabin O'Wildwoods looks quite
bare and desolate out doors but
within it has a moe Spring like
appearance with its many vases OF
Wandering Jew, holly with red
berries and purple berries OF hedge
close by my desk, daffodils n
purple violets are IN vases. they
are 50 very lovely such weather as
this. Really the first breath OF
Spring Yellow jessamines, grow i n
abundance in these bays around
my home. Recently while taking a
little stroll 1 thought I smelt the
fragrant odor of jessamines and
made sure of the fact when, after
looking around l found a large
cluster of the harbingerss OF
spring.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13

Edwin Gill, commissioner of the
State Revenue department and
Gardeners secretary while he was
governor.
N. A. Townsend, a lifelong friend
and his former law partner in
Washington. Townsend is a former
North Carolina Superior court
judge and was State Parole COM
missioner under Gardner.
And three other former secre-
~taries, Miss Laura Burton Miller
of Shelby and New York, and Miss
Isabelle Parks and Mrs. Mary
Murphy, both of Washington.
The widow and the three sur
viving children-including a daugh-
ter, Mrs. N. L. Burgess, the form
er Margaret Love Gardner, of
Short Hills, N. J.-are to select
such personal effects as they wish.
The Ambassadors law library was
left to Ralph W. Gardner.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13

SHELBY, Feb: 12-PEThe Con-
solidated University of North Car
dina. Gardner-Webb Junior col
zoe at Boiling springs near Shel,
bv md other state educational n
charitable institutions today were
included in specific requests OF
s587 600 in the will Of o. Max
Gardner. filed in Cleveland coun-
tv for probate.
The remainder of the estate, es-
timated to run into seven figures
will &c to the widow and three
children of the Ambassador 70
Great Britain and. former Nortn
Carolina Governor who died In
New York last Thursday a rev
hours before he was to sail for
London.
Requests included:
A perpetual trust of $25, 900 to the
Consolidated University, with the
annual income to that member OF
the faculty, of whatever rank,
sswho has made the greatest con
tribution to the welfare Of humanl
ty during the year preceding"
A trust fund OF $3.50, 900 adding
to the income of the previously es-
tablished Gardner foundation. Bene
fitting charitable and educations
are to be selected by the directors.
They are the widow, Mrs. Fay
Webb Gardner; and the two sur
viving sons, Ralph and o. Max
Gardner, Jr., all of Shelby.
A 500, 900 life insurance policy
to the Gardner-Webb Junior col
lege.
Trust Funds
A $500, 900 trust fund for James
w. Gardner, aged about two, and
a $65, 900 fund for Susan Gardner,
u. They are grandchildren Of
Gardner, children of the Ambas-
sador's son James w. Gardner
who died last year.
A sum of $10,0 900 was left to
beautify Sunset cemetery here,
where the Ambassador and mem
bers of his family are buried. A
Similar amount was bequeathed to
the Shelby cemetery for Negroes,
Webb Memorial lawn.
The Wachovia Bank and Trust
company of Charlotte was named
executor, with broad discretionary
powers in d~isposing of property.
A year ago, before Gardner be-
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13
SERVES IN GERMANY

Pvt. Greasy A. Swami, son
of Mr.. and Mrs. c. A. Swami,
is serving a II months overseas
tour in Germany. He entered
the Army in June, 1916, and
was stationed with the 32nd
Airborne division at Fort
Bragg.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13
Briefs
LOCAL CUNTRIB SUTTON

Carrie Jackson, of Whining
ton. is one of the contributors
of Tribute OF Triumph an
anthology of postwar verse
published by the Exposition
Press of New York.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13
ACL WORK

Work is underway on con-
struction Of two new elevator
shafts in the General Offices
Of the Atlantic Coast Line
railroad, following the arrival
of new equipment. The work
is part of an overall improve
ment project in the office
building.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13
POSTPONED

The Thursday Morning Music
club will not meet this morning
as the regular February meet
ing was held On Tuesday with
a church music program in St.
Andrews-C Covenant church, ac-
cording to Mrs. Conrad Wes-
sell, president.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13
Miss Elliott Improves

WINSTON-SALEM, Feb. IL. =
P)- Miss Harriet Elliott, 81, dean
of women at W.C.U.N.C., Green's
boro, was reported tonight to be
improving by authorities at Bap-
tise hospital here. Miss Elliott is
suffering from a subarachniod
hemmorrhage.
Hospital attaches said Miss
Elliott, dean of Woman's college
since 1885 had a better day"
today.
She was stricken i'll Sunday
morning after she returned from
the funeral of O.. Max Gardner in
Shelby. She was brought here Mon
day when her condition became
critical.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13
TO SET HOLIDAYS

Holidays and half-holiday
closings will be discussed at a
merchants meeting in the Tide
Water assembly room at 1920
o'clock t h S morning, ).
H. Carswell, president of the
Retail Merchants association,
announced.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13
MEETING

Monthly board meeting of the
New Hanover County Health
Department will be held today
at 8 p. M, DR.. A.. H. Elliot
county health officer, has an
nounced.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13
Defeats Snead

JOHANNESBURG, Feb. u. -
P)- Bobby Locke, South African
open champion, shot two great 49,
hole rounds of 1888 over the Glen
dover course today to defeat Sam
Snead of the u. S., 8 and 6, in the
opening 36-hole match Of their ex-
hibition golf tour.
Snead, holder Of the British Open
Title, carded 68-71. The GlendoWer
curse has no official par.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13
E CROSS

Persons interested in work
ing with the Red Cross are
urged to register with the Vol
unteer Bureau on Wednesdays
or phone 2-2446, Mrs. William
Sisson, chairman, said today.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13

Some Australian cockroaches
bite off each others wings.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13

About one out. of five ful1-time
workers in the United States is
self-employed.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13

Manufacturers predict early
marketing of coin-operated gaso-
line pumps.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-02-13

Woteh our men work on your Ford and You'll
note their genuine interest. They're Ford men who
know your car best. With their special tools and
equipment they can treat it best. And you can be
sure that the Genuine Ford Ports which they in
stoll ore mode best, fit best, and work best. Drive
in today for q free eheek-vp.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28
Mrs. Olaf Wesiby And Mother Honor
 Guests af Party

Mrs Olaf Westby and her mother Mrs Laina Oveson, were honor guests at 6 farewell party given last night by Mrs. Ole westby at her home on Eleventh Street. The honor guests, who plan to leave about June 5 to make their home in Seattle, were given a lovely Alaska tray as a token of remembrance by their many friends.
 The guest list included Mesdames Robert Pollack, William O'Den. Pete Oswald, John Winther, Merle 7hodes. John Sunderland, Laura Aase, Olaf Aase, John Satire, Sr., Andrew Hildre, Olaf Larsen, Harold Sharing, Bangn9r Kronquist. Frank Olsen, Nelson Nyman, Clav Lilli- grayen, Mary AIonagls, Seye1in Thompson. Einar Lavold, George Bryson, John Maurstad, John Lowell, James Rollison, Martin Brendall, and William Austin.
 All joined in expressions of regret over the departure of Mrs Westby and Mrs Oveson, combined with sincere wishes for happiness in their new home.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28
NOTICE

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that on the 18th day of May, 1947, M. E. MONAGLE as Administrator w. w. A. of the estate of ALFIE c. EAMES, Deceased, duly filed his Final Ac- count and Report, and Petition for Distribution, and that hearing on said Final Account and Report and Petition for Distribution will be held before the above-entitled Court in the United States Commissioners -Officio Probate) Court in the Federal Territorial Building, Ju- neau, Alaska, on Monday, the 14th day of July 1947, at 1000 o'clock AM. of said day, and that all per- sons are required to then and there appear and present any objections they may have to said Final Account and Report and Petition for Dis tribution, or to the settlement thereof, and to the distribution of the residue of the assets of this estate direct to RAMONA RIDDLE COME, the niece of deceased, of legal age, who resides at 725 North 74th Street, Seattle (3), Washing ton.
 Dated at Juneau, Alaska, this 18th day of May, 1947.
 # GORDON GRAY, Acting United States Commissioner
 and Ex-Officio Probate Judge. First publication, May IA, 1947. Last publication, June 4, 1947.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28
& MURPHY

BEAUTIFUL NEW 3-bedroom furn. home, tile kitchen, drive in gar- age, furnace, marine view. NEW 3-bedroom home, drive in garage, furnace. No taxes. 1865 EVERGREEN is fine invest. a 2bedroom apt, a one-bedroom apt and seven room 3-bedroom home. Cement foundation, large yard, marine view
 REMODELED cabin Lenas Beach, berries, view, fishing, privacy, easily accessible.
 QUONSET hut, good lot-Waynor addition, terms. Priced right. BEAUTIFUL home Aux Bay. Sev- eral homes Aux Lake. JOHNSON home-patented- lights water, good road-fine beach, Fritz Cove Road.
 JACK CARMEL home Fritz Cove Road-appr. 4 acres patented land. Priced below estate appraisal. SMALL truck farm 5is mi. town
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28
LOUIS 10 QUIT RING
 NEXT YEAR

SALT LAKE CITY, May 28.--Joe Louis says that 1948 will be his last year of boxing. ' ~'
 The heavyweight champion made the statement during a discussion of why he has turned down some fight offers recently.
 He said there isn't a competitor anywhere right now who will draw a big time gate, but he believes an able fighter will develop by 1948 to challenge his title.
 But whether there is or not" he added, I'm not going beyond 1948 That's my last year of box ing"
 The champ said he thinks hell stick to fighting exhibitions for a while until the real thing-in the way of money-comes along, since he has to spend as much as S62,000 in training for title bout.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28
PUBLIC SHOOTING BY HERB PARSONS
 lS TONIGHT AT 7

Tonight at o'clock at the Al rock dump, Herb Parsons, expert marksman, will give an exhibi- tion of fancy shooting.
 The event is sponsored by the Juneau Sportsmans Association, of which Milo Clouse is President, and the public is invited to be at the scene. The national tour is sponsored by the Winchester Vest ern.
 Parsons, an ex-GI, is described as the fastest and funniest gum handler in the country.
 In his exhibition, Parsons per- forms a wide range of difficult feats of markmanship and his arsenal generally includes 10 rifles, shotguns, pitols and revol- vers.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management DISTRICT LAND OFFICE Anchorage, Alaska. March 25, 1947.

NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION
 Notice is hereby given that Carls Nils Andersen has made application for a five-acre homesite under the act of May 26, 1884 (48 Stat. 809), Anchorage Serial 011332, for a tract of land designated as Lot "A" Plat of U. s. Survey No. 2388, Tract A, Tee Harbor Group of Homesites, sit- uated on the east shore of Favorite Channel and the west shore of Tee Harbor, latitude 58o 24' 48" N. longi- tude 134o 45' 45" w. containing 4.79 acres, and it is now in the files of the District Land Office, Anchorage, Alaska.
 Any and all persons claiming ad- versely any of the above mentioned lands should file their adverse claims in the local land office, at Anchorage, Alaska, within the period of publication or thirty days there- after, or they will be barred by the provisions of the statutes.
 GEORGE. A. LINGO,
 Acting Manager. First publication, May ', 1947. Last publication, July 2, 1947
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28
EFFICIENCY ExpERTS

SALT LAKE CITY, For three months two efficiency experts have been surveying government opera tions in Salt Lake county. The authorized period is ended and the survey is still incomplete.
 So Rohert s. Herman, whose salary has been $350 monthly, and Tom Metos, who has been receiv- ing $500 monthly, wrote the coun- ty commission, urging that the sur vey be completed, but adding:
 We recognize the necessity for cutting expenses We offer our services for the remainder of the survey on the basis of what time we have available for S1."
 The county commission accept ed.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28
NOTICE

NOTICE
 Notice is hereby given that Fred w Orme, ExecutCr of the Estate of Charles H. Switzer, deceased has filed his final report in the Probate Court for the Juneau Precinct of Alaska, and requested distribution of the assets and the closing of the administration of said Estate. A hearing will be held on said report and petition before the undersigned at Juneau, Alaska at 10:00 am. July "A, 1947 at which time all persons claiming an interest in the estate or objecting to the granting of said petition or the closing of the estate may appear and be heard.
 Given under my hand and official seal May 20, 1947
 (SeaD FELIX GRAY,
 U. $. Commissioner and eX-officio Probate Judge, Juneau Precinct of Alaska.
 First publication, May 21, 1947. Last publication, June II, 1947.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28

ed Vancouva- 5 to and Yakima drubbed Salem 6 to ?.
 The outstanding Los Angeles 'ohtweieht, Larry Cisneros, won a close one last night. Cisneros came from behind in the last five rounds to gain ten-round decision over Eddie Prince of Detroit before G. coo fans at the Olympic Auditorium n Los Angeles.
 At San Iose, former bantam weight champion Haro.d Dade cas- fly outpointeG Jackie Mccoy.
 At Sacramento Sonny Gomez of Mexico deciSioned Bayani Garcia of Manila i'll ten rounds.
 The Pacific Coast Trotting Asso- ciation's 22-Gay harness race meet ing, featuring many grand circuit horses and drivers, gets under way at Bay Meadows tomorrow. The lA4CICA25 Wlll bS IilC liOiiCot liuA iiCoS event ever held in northern Cali fornia The Memorial Day program Friday will be high-lighted by the electioneer purse of $500 for 18 class trotters over a mile and one sixteenth. The race is named for the great horse which the late Sen- ator Leland Stanford purchased and brought to California in 1876.
 The San Diego Tecate Dons have withdrawn om the American Bas- ketball League. TlIe sponsor of the team, Dr. William T. Rice, says the DonS had hoped to stay in the league and had proposed a mo- guarantee rlle for visiting teams However, the league ruling called tor a straight S750 guarantee to visiting clubs. Tentative plans cali for the Dons to operate as an in- dependent amateur team next fall
 A field of II three-year- -olds is indicated for Saturdays running of the S100,0O0 Belmont stakes with Calumet Farms Faultless a hot betting favorite.
 Withdrawal of the Kentucky Der by winner, Jet Pilot, left c. V. Whitney's Phalanx as the principal rival for Faultless, who after run ming third in the Derby has won the Preakness Stakes and the With CTS.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28
Sports Briefs

In the Western International League, Victoria edged Tacoma 4 to 8, yesterday, Wenatchee thumped Spokane 10 to 3, Bremerton defeat- ed Vancouve- to and Yakima 6rubbed Salen to 2.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28

ATTtNIIUN ELKS Meeting tonight-;nitiatiOn.
 adv. 591-t1
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28

ROOM modern home. completely furnished, Ill electrical equipment Phone Blue 21- after 6 pm.
 591-tc
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28
FOR SALE

FOR SALE-Four bedroom house, completely furnished, newly de-
 corated, near Hospital, phone o2l. 591-tf
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28

When you pay for QUALITY why not get the FINEST Buy FLOR SEEM SHOES at Graves. adv
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28

ACRES with modern 5 room
 rartly furnished house, electric
 light, 71s mile. Glacier Highway. Phone 357. 567-h
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28

BOAT No. 3lA55Y, d-bottom cruiser. 28 it. X 9ft. 3.75 it. Chrysler automobile engine. Ideal for trapping or fishing, ready to go. See Douglas Boat Shop. E.
 555-tf
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28

34 st. TWIN SCREW custom cruiser; twin clrysler Crown engines, fully equipped, ready to go, years old. Write P. O. Box 193, Juneau.
 557-tf
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28

LIGHT PLANTS; one Universal 110, 1900 watts, $375, one Diesel Witte, 32 volts, 1900 watts, and batteries. s550. Auke Bay Market
 & Marine Station. 550-tf.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28

LOST AND FOUND LOST-One logging shoe. Please re- turn to HIrbor Cafe. 591-t:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1947-05-28

BOAT Lone Fisherman" length 50 it. in. width IT it. in. depth it. in. gross tonnage 38, net tonnage 19, 100 h.p. Diesel
 motor, sale price $3,500 Apply
 Juneau Spruce Corp. 58o-tf