davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1947-07-19

Despite liberal U. 5. supplies
TO the Greek monarchist army.
the American press was forced
to take notice of what it con-
venientlY labelled the inter
national brigade" which launch
ed struggle against the forces
of the Greek government.
Lonely voice in American news
papers was that of Kenesaw M.
Lands III, Chicago Sun Columnist
who remarked that tacit Ameri-
can approval of the mass arrests
clears out the rejoicings of the
leading Greek royalist newspaper
Kathemerini, which said the Tru-
man doctrine meant that the gov
eminent would be free to take
"dictator4al measures"
MEANWHILE possibility of a
peaceful solution to the Greek
civil war all but faded as the
government broke off negotiations
with the National Liberation
Movement EAMO and seized thou
sands of its leaders. Among those
arrested were hundreds of union
leaders.
JusfifYing its new move to
wipe out opposition. the govern
ment claimed that those arrested
We're involved in "a revolution
airy plot" However. responsible
sources. including American
government spokesman. denied
knowledge of such a plot.
The arrests came as an Fam
program for settling the internal
strife was under discussion. The
talks with the government had
been initiated by the Fam as a
final effort to bring peace to the
civil war-torn nation. Opposing
unilateral Intervention by the U. S.
in Greek affairs, the EAM had
proposed:
1. End of the civil war and a
general amnesty.
2. Guarantee of Greece's neu-
tralitY within the framework of
the United Nations.
8. Restoration of civil liberties
and free elections.
The Fam, coalition of nine oil
the Is major political parties, hao
boycotted the last election ir
March 1916, protesting royals
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1947-07-19
The issue is not whether
but HOW to rebuild Europe

THE Marshall plan talks, now going on without
Russia and seven other nations involve more than the
headlines tell The issue is not only whether Europe
will be constructed-but how. This brings up deep
cenuryod questions which to the heart OF European
economy and vitality effect American prosperity.
Tradtionally Europe agricultural backyard
for western industry Politically maya
zine like the London admits before 1889 western
diplomatic business representatives
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1947-07-19
RoMANIA's rulers hooked he


cemanywhichever was strongest could most Bull
gara bghos the off exports of tobacco fruits
perfume dairy products The big export OF Lhuana
was fatted geese Engshmens Christmas tables 1t no
better Hungary Yugosava and to extent Poland
Greece and Italy.
General poverty kept the peoples from
being either home abroad But profits
great that the monopoes concerned
effort buying governments to keep them
Poverty of industry played hob with national
independence Hitler put his behind the economic
drive of Gernanys region industrial
house. became Nazi colonies They had to sell
their products for kind scrp-money
German goods prices like sharecroppers
at company landlords still did pretty well and in
most became Htlers docle foremen
=
TO-DAY most old out East European peo
pies higher everyone which only
the spot give They would rather import
machinery to produce their goods
abroad They be sarecropper
states.
Politics quite apart better by large
than by western buying Czech industry
willing supply the west
used Russia market for planned east European
factories, while the west wants only products.
Every European stronger neighbors the
of joint against German revival With
well Russia all want the Ruhr kept down till they
themselves properly equipped France recall has been
shot to pieces thrice in cenuyn 1870 1914 and 1899
by Ruhr made guns.
THAT is why east Europe fears western overall
plan for the whole continent Otherwise she not
trade but seeks it. Dollar shortages
trne policies have kept u buying down But Poland has
trade pacs with Britain Sweden Norway France Switzerland
Italy Latin with Czechoslovaka Yugoavia
the USSR.
smart dodge of Brtan's has been to get Uncle Sam to
growl at so-caed iron curtain countries while doing bus
mess there herself Besides Poland England pact with
Hungary While Bevin slams Moscow, his trade ministry nego
ates there
foreign exports are SIT billions year but the
u S. takes only IS billion imports
unless the difference lent to hungry customers The u
needs foreign spending if wheels here to turn.
THE SoUABBLE is how to get political advantages
at the time That what breeds dsageements
Europe wants deal Ruhrscared France different
ideas this the group
administration in Germany show that the S.
don't entirely either.
Business deals to everyones mutual advantage
sbe Overall solutions sailed with politics only be imposed
and won't stick. :
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1947-07-19

in many ways acted as colonial governors on
behalf of western interests"
Balkan peasants toiled and starved to pro-
duce cheap raw materials. Their landlords,
often partners in foreign concerns, sold these
abroad at fine profit to themselves. They
imported cars, fine clothes and fripperies for
their own use and spent every season In
Paris or London.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1947-07-19
Truman doctrine dollars
fiqht Greek democracy


of
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1947-07-19

terror, the presence of British
troops and U. S.-British refusal to
postpone the voting. A large ma
jority of the population followed
the Fam lead. Only Is per cent
voted the present regime into
power.
Immediately after taking over,
the government suppressed the
labor movement, restricted. civil
liberties and launched a violent
campaign against leaders of the
resistance movement, who had
ceaselessly fought the Nazis.
DEMCCRATICALLY-el e C e d
1Ipinr, 1aod orc x1yaro cyn1aroI 70
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-07-10
LIBERTIES UNION ASKS
RELEASE OF
FASCISM IN ACTION

New York City (ILNS). - The
American Civil Liberties Union has
demanded publication of 'Fascism
in Action" government prepared
pamphlet whose release has been
blocked by the House Administra-
tion subcommittee. "After a war
fought against the totalitarian
principles of fascism." the union
declared, "the American people are
entitled to know how it operates
and what it means"
The document is a companion
piece to Communism in Action"
both prepared by the Library of
Congress. While the pamphlet on
Communism has been published,
that on Fascism has been held in
the House Administration subcOm-
mittee without action. The union
charged that "the evident struggle
to obtain publication of this re-
port while a similar document on
Communism has already been pub
lished may well arouse suspicion
that inquiries into antidemocratic
political activities are not being
pursued evenly"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-07-10
SoiIors Plan Fight
On LuborAcf

New York City (ILNS).-In a
statement outlining their opposi-
tion to the Hartley labor law
the Seafarers international Union
AFL, and its West Coast affiliate,
the Sailors Union of the Pacific,
declared that "any attempt by any
persons to use the bill to detriment
of our unions would be considered
lockout"
The program of opposition, un-
animously endorsed at membership
meetings of the unions, emphasiz-
ed that inasmuch as enforcement
of the new law would sap the very
blood of the union structure"-the
union hiring hall-the .SIU-SUP
could not tolerate any threat to
the unions existence.
The membership recommended
that a meeting of all unions affilat-
ed with the Maritime Trades De-
partment of the AFL be called as
soon as possible to discuss joint
action.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-07-10
Legislative News From The Ohio
S+ufe Federation Of Labor

Monday 80 found officers
feat the fp Infamous Van AIKEN bill Van pushed
bis o1of s had Ss9
%s s aSsa ro S
% s as m m b q sf @ & o had io na e s R
% Your Gs seazs a I Agent gent T9mf M & PgE legal
ing the bin the acts prohibition political cont
I'm better citizen n the the more @ act activity take in politics and help
contrary e. has been taught h Other
designed to Cripple not destroy Organized Labor
in aa the Van A If f tho orsrne e f ba s rs pe
n the pill @ as 1 " both
In refusing sign the bill Governor Herbert advanced
number of which made excellent the
The Governor stated that "there ambgues
@ haVe s @ oa about the many Of the
etng provisions view Of by the United States
beginning of the legislature efforts Of Labor
rights wage Of Ohio There part
% Ss o As State to Fssoa the Of % s s
@ G % %6 @ a 1ng Ss 3 a s iii ssfs Icy
has It's full share legislation But we do feel that Ohio
been than other states the of anabo
Of tt sss @ enacted That no the w fss ss
Van AIKEN bill and the veac closed shop constitutional amendment
these pieces proposed
Fat % Ss Stable
a mee gn @ the @ this
hdsSs % @ Of ssn 1. gsq At n. members a t,o
who came to Columbus help
of labor this state apprehnsve what their next
will
Legislative Agent for the Ohio State Federation
of Labor taught important eonhat little
capitol unless people fair labor
here by voters.
And Minors Bill Signed
Am House Kowalk Despite weeks of determined
Labor this bill
passed both
said that he the BILL
while makes resons does not extend the weekly hours
of still held
week.
Labor Curb Study Commission Set Up
final session the Senate BILL
providing for
covering the failure
the bill f sgned will not
Under the bi the be
Governor
appointed Roscoe Wacu, (R Fankin),
Fred Rener R Hamton) and Carl d. Sheppard R Akron to this
appointed Representatives ID. Hawey
Darke Hamlton Benjamin F.
(R Megs)
Will T. Blake Appointed
Federation pleased the by Governor
Blake Liverpool abos
Commission for ending June 3O 1858
Federaons Monthly Bulletin will a
detailed report important legislation.
To of local
Labor extend heartfelt thanks!
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-07-10
Board Ropped On
Equal Pay Fight

New York City QLNS).-A Bir-
mingham, Ala, school boards at
tempt to dismiss Negro teachers
who had carried their fight for
equal pay with white teachers to
the federal courts was branded "a
grave violation of academic free
dom and the denial of democratic
rights" by the American Civil Lib
critics Union.
The union declared, "Lt is appar-
ent that the dismissal notices given
to Mrs. Ruby Jackson Gamer and
other teachers for insubordination
and neglect of duty are punitive
measures. Such action is all the
more indefensible because the
Negro teachers involved have a
sound claim to equal pay with
white instructors. Higher courts
have unanimously outlawed dis
criminatory wage scales as depriv-
ing Negro educators of equal pro-
lection under the law"
The ACLU warned w. A. Berry,
president of the Jefferson County
Board of Education that reprisals
against Negro educators are "a
grave violation of academic free
dom and denial of a citizens
right to resort to court action to
secure redress against alleged
wrongs. To remove teachers for
the exercise of their civil rights to
seek court relief sets highly dam
gerous precedent. This principle
would leave all teachers at the
mercy of some administrator or
board without any real protection
by some independent body"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-07-10
Sick PoyIs In
Effect For Rail
Workers JuIy7

Washington, ID. c. 0LNS).-
Railroad workers throughout the
nation are now protected by a new
sickness insurance system, which
went into effect July /.
Under the plan, established by
amendments to the Railroad I'm
employment Insurance Act passed
by Congress in July, 1916, railroad
workers constitute one of the first
groups in the nation to be insured
under government plan against
loss of wages from temporary dis
ability.
To become eligible for benefits
the employe must have earned
$3.50 or more in railroad employ
ment in 1916; be unable to work at
least 7 days out of a consecutive
14-day period, and mail an appli-
cation and a Doctors certificate
showing that he is unable to work,
to an office of the Railroad Retir-
ment Board within days after the
first day he claims inability to
work.
In the first claim period, an en-
ploye will be paid for every day of
sickness over z. After the first per-
iod he will receive benefits for each
day over a.
H. w. Murphy, field representa-
tive of the RIB, explained that the
amount of benefits an employe will
receive will vary from $1.75 to So
day, depending upon the amount
of his 1916 earnings.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-07-10
EmpIoymenfIs Is
Slightly Sofer

Washington, d. C.-If you work
in a factory, your chances of being
killed or injury are less than a
year ago, the Department of Labor
reported this week.
The accident rate in manufactur-
ing, the Department said, declined
from 1872 disabling injuries for
each million employe-hours worked
in the first quarter of 1916 to 16
in the same period of 1947.
However, because of sharply in
creased employment over a year
ago, and longer hours worked, the
total number of persons injured
rose by 1900 to 127,C00 for the
quarter. Of these, 400 died and s.
Geo suffered permanent disabilities.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-07-10
|AFL K udio
Officers Win
Increase In Pay

New York City.-The Radio Of
ficers Union, AFL, announced the
signing of agreements with a maj
ority of its As contract steamship
lines calling for "broad increases"
for all of it's radio men. The new
scale ranges from 1922 to 1915 a
month, depending on the classifica
tion of the vessels, according TO
Fred NJ. Howe, general secretary
treasurer of the union.
Mr.. Howe said that "as far as
we are able to determine, this is
the best wage scale paid to radio
officers in the United States.
He estimated that the scale of
new terms would apply to IS per-
cent of the major steamship lines
operating out of the Port of New
York and Gulf ports.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-07-10
HOHeors Report
On World Labor

Geneva, Switzerland.-In his re-
port to the International Labor
Conference, Edward Phelan, Dir
ector-General of the lLO, said that
in large part of the world, "un-
employment has been reduced to
what may be called rock bottom
minimum"
Citing the maintenance of high
level employment in most countries
of the world, his report stated that
in many nations the search for full
employment has been turned into a
search for manpower. European
recovery could proceed faster, Mr..
Phelan declared, if more labor
were available. The most serious
shortage of labor, he said, is that
of skilled industrial workers, man.
ayers, foremen and technicians.
Robert j. Watt, AFL Interna-
tional Representative and U. S.
labor delegate, was elected vice
president Of the Conference.
In a speech before the Confer
ence he defended the democratic
system of government. He said:
"Those who today obstruct real
democracy show by their very fear
that they sense its superiority.
They dare not meet real democracy
in open contest"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-07-10
Comment On World Events

The government-controlled un-
ions of Soviet Russia have sunk to
such a low condition that even
"Pravda," the central orgen of the
Communist party, can no longer
attempt to conceal the facts, says
the International Free Trade I'm
ion News, published by the AFL
Free Trade Union Committee.
Breaking out into a sudden rash
Of accusations-and evidently pre-
pairing to purge a number of indi-
vidual trade union officials rather
than change the system which
breeds the evils cited, "Pravda," F"
in its issue Of May Is, 1947, made
admissions which bear out some of
the severest criticisms that have
been aimed at present-day Russian
trade unions.
"Pravda" bitterly reprimanded
the Soviet unions for mistreatment
of their members and the made
quacies of their organizations. 1t
charged that the trade union offic-
ers seldom gave the membership
any reports on their activities. 1t
revealed that meetings for the dis
cussion even of production and cul-
tural problems are held irregular
ly and that these meetings are
usually perfunctory affairs which
last only 10 or 20 minutes, thus
making it impossible for the mem
bers to participate in directing
union programs.
Speaking as the most authorita-
tive mouthpiece of the all-power-
full Politburo, the group of top
Communist officials who rule Rus
sia, "Pravda" went out of its way
to stress the urgency Of SERIOUS
improvement" in the organization
al work of the unions, pointing out
that items of thousands Of workers
and employers are not members of
any trade union" 1t closed with a
threat that this condition cannot
be tolerated"
Incidentally, the "Pravda" out
burst came just at a moment when
a Czech trade union delegation,
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-07-10

after spending a month in the
U.S.S.R. had issued a glowing re-
port on the structure and achieve
ments Of the Russian unions.
While this enthusiastic Czech doc
ument was being issued in the of
fees Of "Trud," central publication
of the Soviet trade union move
ment, the columns Of the paper
carried a revealing and significant
article about a "plenum general
meeting) which did not take
place." This was the plenum of the
presidium Of the central commit
tee of the Gold and Platinum
Workers Union which had been
called for May 13, but was unable
to meet because no quorum ap-
peared.
"Trud" summed up the situation
by asserting that "in the apparat-
Us Of the central committee, dis
order reigns." However, it did not
even refer to the basic causes of
such conditions-namely, the direct
political control and state. domin-
alton Of the Russian trade unions.
Passage of legislation and sign
ing by President Truman bringing
the United States into the Interna-
tional Refugee Organization,
United Nations unit, is encourag-
ing, as it shows this country is
ready to help in solving the grave
problem of displaced persons. Be-
sides providing for US. participa-
tion in the IRO, the legislation
authorizes a $73,500,O00 contribu-
ton toward the care of Europe's
100000 displaced persons in the
next II months. But, as many have
pointed out, money is not enough.
The US. must also admit a share
OF the displaced persons. The AM
erican Federation of Labor is sup
porting legislation to bring in 400,-
GOO in the next 4 years. This leg
islation has just been endorsed by
the International Ladies' Garment
Workers Union convention at
Cleveland.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-07-10
AFL DEFEATS LABOR LAWS

Springfield, Ill. = Vigorous ac-
tion by the Illinois Federation of
Labor prevented the passage of
anti-labor legislation by the Gen.
'eral Assembly which adjourned its
regular session.
Reuben G. Soderstrom, president
of the Illinois Federation, announce
ed that not a single one of eigh-
teen anti-labor bills designed to re-
strict or cripple union activities
was passed by either chamber Of
the state legislature.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-07-10
Capitol Courts
(Confinued From PAGE One)

when it refused to produce its
books for the House Committee on
un-American Activities.
Before the case was submitted
to the jury, Justice Keech dismiss
ed count in the indictment charg-
ing conspiracy. A great many pro-
gressives who have no sympathy
with the "Commies" applauded
that decision.
Practice Too Common
They insist it has become an all
too common practice for the De-
partment of Justice to bundle peo-
pie together and slap conspiracy
charge.
The judge said it was up to the
jury to determine whether the
Barsky outfit was in contempt of
Congress, and the jury didn't seem
to hesitate on that point.
Gerhard Eisler, who has been
convicted of contempt of Congress,
by refusing to answer the ques-
tions asked by a House committee,
was sentenced to year in jail and
a 1000 fine.
According to Louis Budenz, once
editor of the Daily Worker
Eisler, IA German, is the No. /
"Red" in this country. All through
the trial, he maintained a most de-
fiant attitude, and seemed to have
plenty of money for lawyers.
Carl Aldo Marzani, former en-
ploye of the State Department,
convicted of lying about his Com
munistic affiliations in order to
hang on to his $7,1O0 job, was SEN
fenced to a term Of from one to
three years.
Dennis Faces Jail
Eugene Dennis, general secre-
tary of the Communist party, was
also convicted of contempt for re-
fusing to answer questions of
House Committee. This makes him
liable to fine of $1,000 and year
in Jail.
When Dennis was called to tes-
tify before the House Committee
he made a holy show of himself.
He threw his weight around and
defied everybody, even refusing to
give the committee his right name.
Later, when served with a sub
poena, Dennis, whose real name is
Francis Waldron, sent lawyer in
stead. The committee promptly cit
ed Dennis to the Department of
Justice and his indictment and con-
viction followed.
To make the record complete,
Secretary of State George c. Mar
shall fired" 10 State Department
workers whom he suspected of dis
loyalty. They are said to have held !
upper bracket jobs.
State Department officials indi-
,ated that this was just the start
IF a general clean out of "Reds."
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-07-10
Vets Advised To
Refuse Higher
Rent Leases

Washington, d. G. (ILNS).-
Chat Paterson, national chairman
Of the American Veterans Commit
tee (AVC), urged veterans not to
be "bull-dozed into signing leases
which call for Is percent rent in
creases."
"The veterans Of this country
who probably have been more ser
iously affected by the housing
shortage and the black market
dealings Of real estate operators
than any other group should not
be tricked into the signing Of
leases which provides for Is per-
cent increases" he said. "These in
creases would become effective i'm
mediately and would add tremend-
ously to the already sky-rocketed
cost Of living"
He warned veterans not to be
panicked by the new rent control
law. "The new law provides for a
Is percent increase over the origin
al OPA ceiling only in those cases
when tenant and landlord volun-
tarily agree to an increase" he de-
clared. "Some unscrupulous land
lords may attempt to compel ten
ants to sign a lease with the
threat Of eviction. But refusal of
the tenant to sign does not consti-
tute grounds for eviction"
"AVC urges veterans to sit
tight, pay the rent they have been
paying all along, refuse to sign
leases calling for increased rentals,
and ask their local and state gov
ernments for rent control laws" he
said.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1947-07-10
u. S. CONTRACTS HUGE

Washington, d. C. QLNS).-
More than $125,00O,O0O worth of
contracts Of all types have been let
by the United States government
since 1886, when the basic wage,
hour, safety and health standards,
and restrictions on child labor and
convic labor, provided by the Pub
lie Contracts Act became effective.