davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-11-02
Some of John Paul Jones Most Heroic
Battles Had to Be Fought AT Home
Reviewed by REX COLLIER.


y Gerald W. johnson tcossard Mceann "e. Nse York. ~ r.
$500
Reviewed by REX COLLIER
John Paul Jones e Scottish M % sailor s Sn9 oa a
The first officer captain IN the Oneo states Nay
words are well known 10 every
recites aspect OF the Jon raul
storv that less student Of history reveal
nar-ncrede obstacles which Capt Jones nao 70
could DO IN pate
chance .,. $3.50. ~. ,o+
one wonders Illustrations which were ms o
his battles with incompetent OFFICIALS
Jealous rivals and mercnary Although deprived n-ra
naval affairs the irresponsible
refused admit ashore
With the help OF Ben FranK onn
Rbert handful other patriots who nad an
ht Jones getting Of several nghang sps
invariably were INFERIOR 10 the
he that their trust had not oee
misplaced. x-.- <. ..,.;u,+,,, r. hs .d
noa was set the pattern for our
Navy First he originated the oea tn
cpal requisite day He insisted that man VINO =
In other that being naval oc was as
lavyer-that special tralnng was
necessary either calling His second was ms
should the to the enemy waters
shores rather the defensive of our coasts was ooc
against overWhemne ooos-as "e e
a.,t,rad Scraps the Homme Richard
continues cnange many oi
+e PRINCIPLES Paul Jones are as sound today as
Evening star., 1947-11-02
Postwar Problems
Studied in Tense,
Swift-Poced Novel
rrr SEALED VERDICT

TIE SEALED V6ESD1I4
BY Lionel Shapiro. (Douo'edey'
$2.75.J
A Young American officer assigned
10 prosecute Nazi war criminals
activates this sharp, swift-paceo
novel Of Germany.
When Mai. Lashley, only few
wears out of law school, obtains
convictions and death sentences Tor
s,x prisoners, including the notor1-
o,1s leader, Steigmann, he's pleased
with himself. But not Tor long
There's Mile. Delisle, the mysterious
French girl, who testified for stelg-
mann. Why did she do 1t? Then
there's Rodal, the Czech, star W.T.
ness against Steigmann. Rodal be-
gins acting strangely. Lashley sus-
nects the witness is mad-a fear a
nhysician confirms. What should
be done? Lashley feels he cant In
conscience allow Steigmann to hang
~, f1innsv evidence, even though the
FORMER Nazi official undoubtedly Is
r1ilty Of uncounted murders.
The worried Lashley questions
the French girl. He is sympathetic,
then infatuated. The general grows
Increasingly angry at the young
major. Lashley's career is at stake.
Mr.. Shapiro develops these and
other complications that pile about
the major in a few days. The result
Is a tense narrative, with realistic
details. The ending Is marred by
some implausible outbursts from
the major to the general concern
ing the alleged anti-Semitism which
the war had not taught France and
America to forget. &C. B. j.
Evening star., 1947-11-02

cabinets, they offer the case OF the
newly published kickoff volume,
The Organization of Ground Com
bat Troops" which has modest 500
pages despite the fact that records
from just one OF the two armies
involved in the field maneuvers in
Louisiana in September, 1941, filled
five packing cases.
Box Office Appeal.
1t. Robert w. Patterson, youthful
liaison officer of the historical sec
tion. says that they expect the next
publication, THE Procurement Of
Ground Combat Troops" to have
considerable box office appeal, since
1t deals. in the strictly nonwhite-
wash tone to be maintained by the
whole series, with such controversial
matters as the folding of the Army
Specialized Training Program. With
the first of the operational volumes,
"Okinawa," due in December, they
think they have best seller on their
hands. They already have 1,500
prepublication orders.
AS they go along, 1t. Patterson
explained, the historians try to an
ticipate critical counterattack by
chewing up" each chapter as 1t IL
written in weekly seminars, where
the writer is under fire from fellow
historians, editors, military experts
and, whenever possible, participants
in the events being described Gen.
Eisenhower has attended couple
of these rough-and-ready round
| tables.
Editorializing is all being left 10
future critical historians. Now the
facts, If proven, stand, whether they
add up to commendation or detrac-
ton of the commanders involved,
who, incidentally, see the manuscript
and are invited to contribute any
details they think significant. This
So researchers involved in this gi-
gantic and unprecedented project
which is under the direction Of DR..
Kent Roberts Greenfield, have access
to all pertinent documents. includ-
/ ing personal correspondence, besides
tons of after-action reports and
on -the-spot accounts Of soldier-his-
torians. AS DR. Forrest Pogue. who
in the course of preparing history
Of SHEAF, has interviewed $50 peo-
pie, including Winston Churchill.
pointed out, 1T helps when you're
talking to a man to say, I've seen
your letters, you know"
y
Personnel change: Robert Lowell,
who won the 1947 Pulitzer Prize in
poetry for Lord Weary's Castle" I"
has been named censultant in
poetry at the Library of Congress.
He's a member Of the famous Bos-
ton Lowells. among whom were
Poetess Amy and Harvard Presi-
dent A. Lawrence. Mr.. Lowell's pred
ecessor at the Library, Karl Shapiro,
Pulitzer Prize poet of 1914, has
meantime been appointed visiting
lecturer at Johns Hopkins Univer-
sity in the Department Of Writing,
Speech and Drama.
Evening star., 1947-11-02
Van Wyck Brooks Wuminotes an Era
In Distinguished Literary Portraits
THE TIMES OF MELVILLE AND WHITMAN
BY Van Wyck Brooks e. P. Dutton G. Co.; s5J

e
Reviewed by CARTER JONES.
hardly event Of
publishing This volume literary history OF America
which writing the period 1s4o-lss with major and even
other as
adventure story and always rich In absorbing detail
familiar with Mr. Brooks know
background into tapestry
picture The result Is In fac mucn
more than collection Of literary portraits than appraisal
Of certain writers There emerges pages integad
narrative time feel afterward that no oh
roles these played but what the stage
made the audience where they
lived and what they thinking about III ,,.,, =, ~,
important but he always eus
nfuse each with life to- give him stature and .nd o o
the narrative personalities influence happened to ~
Founders Of an Anne Literature.
Thus Herman Melville and Walt Whitman who were destod = IN @
American literature separately in different phases OF
their And yet both come into oher
chapters contemporaries told
Brooks brings out certain points OF
between composer Grass and the author OF ooy
Dick despite lives and what they wrote
speaks of Melville "one OF the writer's IKE ma % "
prove of small importance wnen e ai
large enough whose genius lar outp
talent who neither fish, flesh nor d0% Villas ~' ana "0
Shared Ideas and Phnosophies
Melville though tales Of adventure IKE
oby Dick" stories wrote poetry ana one Of ms
resident considered his finest expressions While Melville
spent youth sailing to the far corners Of ne sa
ALI over his beloved country paths crossed at times There no
a uch as the belief
immigration Melville unlike whitman mao
@ to come only after he gone poet struggled
through his life often destitute ony Dy
But In this fascinating Twain rates almost as much
space Melville And the era unoas tn
Chandler Gable and Father 1abo Many otner
eers fash out Of Of pages S ssSn @ as the be fantastic the
Joaquin Miller the tragic trounaao9 etepnen a WIZ
Montez the highly educated % as
killed In the Civil War
Evening star., 1947-11-02
Three New Volumes Deepen Perspective in Far.
Reochinq Studies of Our American Panorama

THE AMERICAN PAST:
A History of the United States
From Concord to Hiroshima,
1775-1945, Told With the Aid OF
a Thousand Pictures.
BY Roger Butterf1eld. (Simon &
Schuster; $10J
Reviewed by
DONALD H. MUGRIDGE,
Fellow in American History, the
Library OF Congress-.
Books of historical pictures, &C
companied by commentary of vary
ing degrees of fullness or brevity,
have for some time been increasing
Evening star., 1947-11-02
Reading and Writing.
Ayn Rama, Russion-Born Authoress, Says
She S Glorifyinq Capitalist in New Novel
By Mary McGrory

A dedicated soul in a pixie hat,
Ayn Rand, Russian-bo author of
The Fountainhead," says she cheer
fully left Hollywood and work on
her new novel, which glorifies the
American industrialist, to come to
Washington and give testimony
about Communist activity in the Aim
colony.
"Individualism will be my theme
until I die" she declared vehement
" as she pushed her tray around the
House cafeteria during the noon re-
cess of the hearings Of the House
Committee on Un-American Activ-
tiles, which she and her husband.
Frank O'Connor, followed word for
word. MY coming here is not q
patriotic duty, so much as 1t Is
something I wanted to do, part OF
what I am trying to say.
IT think with The Fountainhead.
I helped to make individualism re-
spectacle again. With this novel, ]
hope to redeem capitalism"
Explains Her Credo.
She neglected light lunch to ex-
plain her credo, "felt" since she va;
10 and held firm through her foul
years at the Soviet University. 81
believe that an independent innova.
tor who pursues his own interest or
moral basis, which means that he
does not use force against any one
is profiting both himself and So
ciety."
"His benefiting Of society is 6
secondary consequence" she addec
firmly.
After 81 years in this country
Miss Rand, who has burning BLACK
eyes, still talks with slight accent
She Is thrilled" with Washington
finds it wholly American" and no
European" as she has been led II
think. She enjoyed Mr.. Adam,
but has found no recent American
novel memorable. She and her hus'
band, q notably devoted pair aftel
1S years of marriage. live in a steel
and glass house on San Fernando
Valley ranch. She works half tht
time for Hall Wallis, the rest or
her novel which is, by the way, hel
third. Her first, I'VE the Living,
strongly anti-Soyiet, was published
in 1886. Miss Rand notes with some
satisfaction that 1t is still selling vel
In England and Denmark.
Historical novelists, who CAM
seem to make a heroine change the
course of the world In less than l..
500 pages these days, could learn lot
about digesting their research from
the Historical Section of the Wa,
Department. Over at the Pentagor
with $4,000 tempting cubic feet Of
documents at their disposal, they
cut down their history Of the Army
In World War II from a proposed
120 volumes to mere 80.
As further illustration OF their
ruthless advance through the filing
Evening star., 1947-11-02
THE AMERICAN EXPERIENCE
BY Henry Bamford Parkes. a.
fred A. Knopt, Inc; $780,
Reviewed by
FRANCIS P. DOUGLAS.

When America has failed 1t usu-
ally has been because it was not
true to its own genius and has been
too much influenced by Europe.
To establish this, Mr. .Parkes goes
to great pains to learn the what and
why of the American mind and the
American character He has pro-
duced a penetrating study of Amer
ican civilization.
One of the most vital factors In
making America what 1t is was Cal
vanism as reinterpreted by JON
athan Edwards, according to Mr..
Parkes. Americans, he says, pro-
jected into their religion the same
tendencies they showed in their po-
litical neutrality-suspicious. Of ex-
ternal authority, confidence in the
average man, exaltation Of the will
and the belief that evil can be over
come.
Hence, the Jeffersonian philos-
ophy with its trust in the capacities
of the average man in free society
is characteristic American philos-
ophy. But it has always been and is
still opposed by the Hamiltonian po-
litico-economic system deliberately
copied from Europe.
A Federalist History.
American history has been re-
written continually from the FEEDER
alist viewpoint, Mr.. Parkes holds,
and the belief in the average man
has never been accepted by all
Americans.
This belief, Mr.. Parkes says. de-
rived from the Christian faith in
the value OF the individual, has
justified itself again and again in
American history. It has also, ac-
cording to Mr.. Parkes, been the
chief provocation of European in
ternal conflicts and the inability
OF Europe to incorporate 1t into
her own system has been the real
cause Of the breakdown Of the
European social order.
Mr.. Parkes sees the American
opposition to American democracy
as making possible the growth Of
capitalism, with Its inequality and
insecurity, to be faced by recurring
agrarian counterattacks.
One may question some Of Mr.
Parkes' conclusions and ask for more
evidence. Particularly this is true
in the weight he gives to the HAM
iltonian doctrine as embodied in
the constitutional interpretations
regarding property.
But even though different readers
may find different areas Of dts
agreement, there will be few who
disagree that Mr.. Parkes has writ
ten an intensely interesting and
searching analysis of America and
Americans. The mirror he holds
up discloses many new features Of
the person he examines, many new
corners OF the scene. He writes
history almost In the way veblen
wrote on economics.
That Mr.. Parkes Is alive to what
is genuinely American and what
is European may be the happy re-
suit Of his background. Born in
England and a graduate Of Oxford.
he came to the United States and
did his graduate work at the Uni
versity Of Michigan. He is now
associate professor Of history at New
York University.
Evening star., 1947-11-02

sanctuary on the
old Herald. This
daily for touring
a n d expatriate
Americans W a S
founded by the
younger James
Gordon Bennett
in 1887. The
pay W a S MT
much, but 1t
went a long way
IN Paris between
wars and most
of them had a
grand time get
ting out a paper
that sometimes
Evening star., 1947-11-02
THE ANGRY DECADE

BY Leo Gurko. lDodd, Mead; So
The IL turbulent years between
the stock market crash and the
Pearl Harbor attack, the years of
the depression, the New Deal and
the bitter isolationist- t-intervention-
ist debate, are interpreted by Mr..
Grrko chiefly in terms Of the liter
ary output Of the time. Movies,
radio and poetry are not overlooked,
but it Is in the novels~of Farrell,
Faulkner, Wolfe, Hemingway and
Steinbeck that he finds the clearest
expression Of the angry self-analysis
typical Of the spirit Of the time.
Evening star., 1947-11-02

In number and
popularity. "The
American Past" )"
an i'm p o sing
and brilliantly
produced folio,
Is certainly the
most handsome
a d appealing
of any to ap-
pear thus far,
save certain ex-
tremely nigh
priced volumes
o b v / ously de-
signed for a
Ii m 1t ed and
Evening star., 1947-11-02
Cordozo's Writings
Interpret the Moral
Values of the Law
SELECTED WRITINGS OF
BENJAMIN NATHAN CARDOZC
Edited by Margaret z. Hall
(Fallon Publications; 49,
Reviewed by
J. A. FOX.

Important contributions to legal
literature by the late Justice Car
dozo and essays Of undergraduate
days ut Columbia University have
been brought together In this first
collection of the extra judicial
works OF the distinguished jur1st
since his death nearly a decade ago.
Ali the material antedates the six
years he spent on the Supreme
Court. The later manuscripts. In
cluding hitherto unpublished ad-
dresses and lectures, were the prod
uct of the period during which he
served on the New York Court of
Appeals.
Because Justice Cardozo made 1t
a rule when he rent to the appel
late bench in 1917 to refrain from
public discussion Of his political and
economic views, this phase of his
mature thinking is not reflected.
The emphasis is rather on his con-
ception of the moral values of the
law. An interesting contrast point
ed out in q foreword by Edwin w.
Patterson, Cardozo professor Of ju-
risprudence at Columbia, Is fur
nished by the, youthful Cardozo's
senior grafton at Columbia, blasting
away at communism, which Is now
published, and his later acceptance
of the New Deal conception Of q
public welfare state as exemplihed
by the position he occupied on the
Supreme Court.
Evening star., 1947-11-02
Here Is q flushed
And Gentle Thinq
Full of Suspense
WHEN THE MOUNTAIN FELL
BY Charles Fernand Rarnuz
(Pantheon;; $780,
Reviewed by
TERESA CARMODY.

There are 80 few books TO take to
the heart, but when the Mountain
Fell" Is such q one. It Is the work
of Charles Fernand Ramuz, a Swiss
author who was 30 highly regarded
in his own country that q day of
national mourning was declared
when he died early this year. This
Is not q recent work, and perhaps
because it was written more than
10 years ago it Is quietly free from
the terror and tension of these days
When the Mountain Fell" is a
hushed and gentle thing, yet con-
trastingly full Of drama and sts-
pense.
High in the Alps in the Valley OF
Derborence the men from the village
of Aire are camping for the summer,
grazing their cattle, when an av-
alanche Of extraordinary proper
tions engulfs the pasture land, bury
ing them all under mountains OF
stone. Among the bereaved widows
and orphans of Aire Is Therese, the
young wife Of Antoine, who had
been awaiting his return to tell him
that they were to have a child
Seven weeks later, after nvestiga-
ton has shown that no one could
be alive in this graveyard of mis-
chance, Antoine appears in the vii
lage, a ghostlike figure. Some Of the
superstitious villagers are not sure
he is human. when the Mountain
Fell" Is the story Of Antoine's return
from the tomb.
It is an exciting tale, from the
first rumbnngs Of the avalanche to
the happy reunion Of Antoine and
Therese. But it is more. The mar
rative evokes an image of man as a
being whose soul exalts him above
the weaknesses of his body. There
is sharp symbolism in Antoine's re-
covery to a point where his mind
grasps the horror of the disaster
and is unbalanced by it, and his
restoration to sanity by the same
spirit Of compassion. M. Ramuz
has written in poetic prose story
simple and wise, and good to read.
Evening star., 1947-11-02
The Paris Herald:
A Newspaper That
Became q Legend
PARIS HERALD

PARIS HERALD
BY AL Laney. ID. Appleton
Century Co.; 49,
Back In the '20s and early sos
when Paris was stin Paris. not
relic OF past glory, many stranded
American newspaperman found
Evening star., 1947-11-02

5 HOMELAND, by Georges Surdez
Doubleday, Novel about wacky
Swiss family which was always NOV
ing. Eccentric father and support
ing cast. Amusing.
Evening star., 1947-11-02
IANoveI Based on
Religious Hatred
In America
AMERICAN STORY
BY Allen Taft. fArco Publishing
Co.; $2.75.)
Reviewed by
STANLEY BAITZ.

Religious hatred, says Allen Tart
is one Of the worlds worst evils
One Of its worst aspects Is the, way
1t can bar or destroy marriage be-
tween two persons Of different
faiths, deep as their love might be.
Mr.. Taft, a New York lawyer, has
seen much Of this animosity among
Protestants, Catholics and Jews
and has been so deeply anguished
by it that he decided to preach
against 1t in book. AS a preach
ment American Story" is all to
the good and one could wish that
his gospel spreads far and wide, II
for no other reason than to dispel
some Of the mumbo- Jumbo handed
down through the ages about the
crucifixion Of Christ. However, as
a novel, 1t is lacking in the essen
tials Of good story telling, fact
which lessons considerably the i'm
pact Of what the author Is trying
to say.
For the framework Of his story,
Mr.. Taft has chosen to follow the
careers Of three men-close friends
from their boytood In Brooklyn
through the vagaries of adolescence,
early adulthood and later life, dwell
ing particularly upon what re-
ligious intermarriage has done to
two OF them. The three are David
Levinson, sincere and profound; {;
Karl Eckert, brilliant but unstable.
and Dennis Malone, personable and
ambitious.
This type Of story requires deli
cacy and restraint in the telling,
and 1t is unfortunate that the
author, in his intensity, becomes
shrill, even hysterical. Dialogue
and situations are frequently forced
and sometimes the theological dis
cussion gets out Of hand.
Evening star., 1947-11-02
HOW GREEN WAS MY FATHER,

nVW USEEN WAS NIX M HEN,
by David Dodge (Simon 81 Schu-
ster; $2.75). Described as q sort of
travel diary, this Is the story Of the
zany trip Of family by automobile
to Guatemala.
Evening star., 1947-03-27
Nuremberg Office
Damaged by Bomb
BY the Assoeioisd Press

NUREMBERG, Germany, Mar.
PA bomb explosion last night
slightly damaged the Nuremberg
office of the Bavarian commissioner
for racial and political persecutees,
a German official announced todav,
At the same time other German
officials in the American occupied
state OF Bavaria reported a wave
of anti-Semitic rumors reminiscent
Of Nazi days.
Hans Dillinger, chief of the COM
mission office for Middle Franconia,
disclosed the bomb incident, add
ing that he supposed the plot was
laid by a Nazi underground move
ment as warning to persecutees. !"
Army Army investigators withheld
comment.
The building was damaged only to
the extent of splintered wood and
Clipped brick, and was quickly re-
paired. No one was injured.
Mr.. Dillinger's Office is under the
supervision of the Bavarian COM
missioner for racial and political
persecutees, DR.. Philip Auerbach,
who is of Jewish descent. The
office handles problems arising with
Germans who were prosecuted
either as Jews or as political oppo-
ents of the Nazis.
In Munich DR.. Auerbach has just
announced that he was recon-
mending statewide conference OF
religious, political and trade union
leaders on the new flood of rumors
He said such conference should
seek ways of curbing this anti
Semitism in order to prevent the In
justices that result"
Evening star., 1947-03-27
0PA Preparing 10 Fire
1000 More by May |
BY the Associated Press

OPA prepared dismissal notices
for more than 1000 additional en-
ployes today as it sought to bring
operating expenses into line with
budget reductions ordered by Con-
gresS.
Officials Of the agency, which is
to end activities by June 80, told
newspapermen OPA personnel will
be cut from $4,000 to approximately
10000 by May /.
"By that time" officials said, I'VE
hope Congress will have decided
on program for extending the
controls over rents, sugar and rice
and that plans will have been COM
pleted for transferring a number of
employees to the agencies that will
carry on the programs"
Congress now is considering pro-
posals to transfer rent controls to
the Federal housing expediter, and
sugar and rice controls to the
Agriculture Department.
OPA said 6,404 employees now are
engaged in handling rent controls
in 649 rental areas throughout the
country, 1,949 are working on sugar
rationing and sugar and rice price
controls, and 2,615 are working on
enforcement. The remainder of the
$4,000 employees are doing admin
istrative, clerical and other work.
The new personnel cuts will bring
to nearly $4,000 the number of en-
ployes dropped since most price con-
trolls were scrapped last November.
About 5000 have been released since
January l. a@~
Evening star., 1947-03-27
False Economy in House Cuts
Charged by Treasury Official
Appeal to Senate Says Financial Losses
Would Be Greater Than Amounts Suved

personnel that ut would be wind
fall for the criminal and a disaster
for law enforcement, all at the ex-
pense of the public" he said.
He was also critical of the House
action in cutting Treasury's $780,
000, 900 from the Treasury's estimate
of the amount it would have to pay
in income and excess profits tax
refunds. He said this would delay
the refunds and would cost the
Government more money because
it has to pay per cent interest
in these cases.
1.-THE matters that have discussed
today are of grave Importance to
the Government and to the Ameri-
can people" Mr.. Virgins said. THE
Treasury Department is asking you
to restore only what we consider to
be most vital in the performance of
services that are essential to the
sound operation of the department" I"
Mr. Virgins asked the Senate to
restore most of the 1882, 2,716,750 the
House cut from the Department.
original estimate.
Referring to a $30,000,0O0 cut in
the Internal Revenue Bureaus esti-
mates Mr.. Virgins asserted this
would mean loss of Federal reve-
(see APPROPRIATIONS, Pg. A-4.5