davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The union times., 1947-03-01

topics selected by the membership for special attention this year.
 These four are: CD A state-ad- ministered adult probation system, (2) State guardianship of neglect ed and uncared-for children, (3) Adequate provision for the care of the chrOnically i'll, aged and infirm, and (4) Psychiatric study home for children mentally or emotionalIy disturbed.
 The first two proposals call for improved systems which would result in better service and eventual savings :; the latter two call for new appropria- tions to carry out their provisions. The need for all four has been established by fact-hnding commissions or com mittees.
The union times., 1947-03-01
Carroll ToHead
 Way1nen's Union

Detroit (LPA)-Presidency of the Brotherhood of Maintenance of Way Employes-AFL-the union represent ing 300,000 track and allied workers on the nations railroads-went this week to Thomas C. Carroll who was born and raised at the side of the tracks.
 Carroll was elected to the post in special poll of the unions officers and general chairman to fill the va cancy created by the death last De- cember of Elmer E. Mil1iman. The son and grandson of railroad section fore men, Carroll was born in a section house alongside the rails at the little town of Dona1ds, s. C. His entire career has been spent on the "Tron Horse" In his youth, he worked first on several other crafts on the rails before going into the maintenance of way service.
The union times., 1947-03-01
WOMEN WORKERS

WASHINGTON (LPA)- What IS happening to the millions of women who went to work for the first time during the war, and what their job prospects may be in future years is the subject of new bulletin issued by the Women's Bureau of the Labor Dept available at 10 cents each from the Superintendent of Documents, Washington 25, DC. Title of the bulletin is Employment of Women in the Early Postwar Period"
The union times., 1947-03-01
4O-Hour Week Won By Tugboat Union

New York (LPA)-Threat of an AFL tugboat strike which would have crippled the citys great harbor was ended last week as Local 38, United Marine Division of the Int'l Longshoremen's Association = AFL accepted new one-year contract call ing for 40-hour week, 11c-an-hour across the board wage increase and time-and-a-half for Saturdays.
The union times., 1947-03-01

Mention The Union Times when shopping, and help labor's own paper grow.
The union times., 1947-03-01
State Session On For Social Welfare
Mead Chief Speaker At N. H. Meeting Called By
 Conn. Conference

The practical approach to progres- sive social welfare legislation was the theme of a Legislative Conference, conducted Thursday at the YWCA in New Haven by the Connecticut Con- ference of Social Work for its mem bers and others who are interested.
 The chairman of the Conferences Legislation Committee, Nathan Sher- man, presided at this meeting, when was the fourth in series of open
Evening star., 1947-09-28

2-9xl2 Blue Figured Administers ses5o
3-oxl2 Green Figured Veves- $3.50
2-ox12 Blue Figured Vekets --See5o
3-exl2 Gray Figured Vevets ts---see5
l-ox2 Blue Tone On Tone Administer SASS
i'll 3x12 Blue Velvet Plain Broodoom 95
1-113-f2 Rose Beige Velvet Plain Broodoom-
Ill 9xo | Rose Carved Wilton
ll2l8 Blue seoI Design Administer
~l-12xl8 Green Scroll Design $f9850
Evening star., 1947-09-28

manding general
of the Air Uni
versity, Maxwell
Field, Ala.
The occasion
in CASTOR Hall,
on the campus,
is a special COM
mencement of
the Ora d u q t e
School for four
Air Force officers
who have COM
pleted studies in
geopolitics a n d
diplomacy. They
are the first Of
a clacc nf 0H Air
Evening star., 1947-09-28
Surplus Sale at Air Base

A surplus property sale will be
conducted at Andrews Field, Md,
beginning tomorrow and lasting
through Friday. The sale, begin
ming at $3.50 am, will offer office
furniture, comforters, mattresses,
hunks, electronic equipment, step
ladders and scaffolding, electrical
and plumbing supplies, automotive
equipment, cotton clothing and rub
Der hip boots, officials said.
Evening star., 1947-09-28

4-exl2 Peson Design Administers, Red----------$7s.e5
2-oxl2 AneoPerson WItons Floral
1-9x2 Rose Wilton Peon
l-9xl2 Blue Wilton Person Design----------.-$185.e5
l-9x12 Red Wilton Persian esien-----------$l85.95
4-ex2 WhoI CeIoneIo Persian Desen---------$227.5
5-9x5 Red Administer Persian
l9x5 Beige Ground Wilton Persion Desen--------$84
l--9xl2 Green Figured AxminsterL -Ss9.5 so
1-ex2 Red Figured
Evening star., 1947-09-28

Force officers to finish special courses
in the Graduate School
Master of arts degrees will be
awarded to 1t. Grondall Max Fos-
ter of Ashland, KY; Maj. Harold
Dakan Jefferson of Fairmont, w.
Va: 1t Russell William Ramsey of
Madison. Wise. and Capt. Paul John
Sterne of Houston, Tex.
Evening star., 1947-09-28
81 40 to s7.95.

Not just NINON but CELANESE RAYON
NINON- sheer-as-a-mist Definitely luxury
curtains, yet each tiny rayon thread is care
fully processed by Celanese to give you seasons
of perfect wear! These dainty, dressy "win-
dow-veils" are beautifully tailored with l in.
side hens, sin bottom hens and measure SO
ns. wide to the pair. They're headed with
top rod pocket, all ready to hang with or
without draperies. Sheer Decorators Beige
Evening star., 1947-09-28
Gen. FuirchiId to Get
Honorary G. U. Deqree

Georgetown University will confer
an honorary doctor of military sci
ence degree at pm. today upon
Mai. Gen, Muir S. Fairchild, COM
Evening star., 1947-09-28

AT LAST, 1T CAN BE TOLD! We've been holding this
precious BRCADLOOM asden order to offer it to you at
Fall Houseceanng time! Think of GRAY ADMINISTER
BROADLOOM at $685. The COLOR most wanted decorators
recommend gray good background color that haonzes
with everything, shows little so from Of AMERICAS
FOREMOST MILLS BIGELOW-SANFORD at the time
you need most Bring your exact and
your order will be custonn-cut from the roll!
Large Selection OF Other Fine Quality
Evening star., 1947-09-28
BROADLOOM RUGS In ROOM SIZES, /, or 3 of o. kind!

2-l2x8 Wine Scroll Design
l-l2xl23 Blue Figured Administer
IL 3xl Blue Velvet Plain BroodIoon-
l-l2x5 Mulberry Figured Administer -$le3so
l-l2x2 Brown Figured Administer
3-l2x5 Wine Figured Administers --$995o
1-12xle Ton Figured Administer -slss5o
2-el2 Blue Figured ADMINISTERS
Evening star., 1947-09-15
Mr.. Tuft's Advice to Eat Less

There would have been a difference in
the headlines and resulting comment had
Senator Taft advocated buyers strike"
instead of advising people to "eat less" as
a means of fighting high prices.
The idea is essentially the same. But in
the one case Senator Taft would have been
aligning himself with the victims of high
prices in food by advocating a method of
retaliation against somebody else. In
the other he made a near political faux
pas which may be used against him. He
advocated a method implying some hard
ship or sacrifice. That is not being done
in the higher circles of politics these days.
Political custom in America DEGREES that
travelling candidate should always blame
something or somebody else for the things
that all his constituents. Never should
he blame his constituents themselves. In
the matter of high prices of food. he
should blame the monopolies, the beef
trust, the Democrats df he is Republic
am or the tools of Wall Street. He must
never blame the farmers or their subsidies,
wage spirals or what we call prosperity
And if he bluntly tells people to "eat less"
let him duck. For the brick bats will begin
to fly. Eat less" indeed Who is this well
fed gentleman who tells us to eat less!
Yet Senator Taft's advice is basically
sound. 1t is prescribed in one form or an
other every day. An increasing number ol
people are putting it into practice. One of
the many reasons for the fantastic prices
of meat, for example, is that people have
+Lon hou had hofnro
to buy meat and its consumption has
reached unprecedented volume. meat
packer the other day was pleading in the
headlines for people to buy less desirable,
cheaper cuts as one way of bringing down
the price of meat. Mr.. Hoovers meatlesS
days of another era bring bad dreams in
retrospect to the meat industry. For they
indoctrinated Nation in a custom which
remained long after the need for it was
try was able to break it up through expen-
sve educational campaigns" on the value
of good meat in daily diet.
Mr.. Taft. realizing that he may have
stumped his toe, took refuge in what
President Truman had to say on the sub
ject of eating less. But Mr.. Truman's
words were carefully measured"
Full publicity on the nature Of the short
age might properly include campaign for
strict economy in the use of certain foods
through personal restraint or special
organized campaigns" That could mean
"eat less"-but Mr.. Truman did not say
"eat less" The incident loses none OF It's
flavor through the spectacle of Senator
Taft. at the outset of his political journey,
rushing to quote President Truman In de-
fense of the senior Senator from Ohio.
Evening star., 1947-09-15
The Guord, q VituI BuIwurk

The National Guard recruiting drive
which begins here and elsewhere through
out the Nation this week far transcends in
Importance the ordinary peacetime enlist
ment campaign of this citizens army.
This is because the Guard, since the
advent of atomic warfare, has been
assigned a national defense role more
significant than any it has assumed in
the past
AS President Truman succinctly stated
In his proclamation OF National Guard
Day. to be observed tomorrow, the National
Guard is "a bulwark of our military forces
in the struggles against foreign aggressors
and support of our people in time OF
domestic disaster" And it is more vital
than at any period in the proud past Of
the Guard that 1t be fully manned,
equipped and trained as force imme-
diately available in time of national
danger
With the regular Army strength at
home reduced to alarmingly weak proper
tions. the urgent necessity of building up
the Guard "bulwark' as rapidly as pos
sible is apparent But the task is proving
to be very difficult one. Despite inten-
sive efforts begun about fifteen months
ago. recruiting officials report that. the
Guard is still approximately IS per cent
shy of it's minimum allotted strength OF
682 900 men, Guard units generally report
that plenty of officer candidates are avail
able, but real trouble is being experienced
in inducing young men to enroll as mere
privates or non-comS. Most of the World
War II veterans-who would be ideal
Guardsmen-seem to have had enough of
soldering for the time being
It will be the Job of the recruiters in
Washington. where goal of $500 men has
been set, and in the country at large
during a month-long drive ending Novem-
ber Is. to overcome this disinterest on
the part of young men and the public
generally. The security of the community
and of the Nation should be of interest
to every citizen-and that security
depends in no small measure on the
ready availability of a trained military
force in every community in event of
sudden attack from the air. The National
Guard must be kept strong and alert.
Only wholehearted public support will
keep it that way.
Evening star., 1947-09-15

trade barriers hampering the interchange
of goods among them.
These are very large "ifs," of course,
but the World Banks report-supported
by simultaneous report from the related
Monetary Funds moderately optimistic.
Dependency is not warranted, it says
Given continuance of the will to succeed
by the peoples themselves given willing
ness by their leaders to submerge individ-
ual differences" and given adequate out
side aid to overcome immediate obstacles,
the European nations can lick the dollar
crisis This evaluation of the situation
does not quite gibe with the unofficial half
hysterical ones in circulation of late,
but it certainly seems better balanced.
Evening star., 1947-09-15
'Iffy' but Hopeful

Despite some almost frightening un-
official talk about Europes economic
plight. the second annual report OF the
45-nation World Bank takes relatively
calm and hopeful view of the SITUATION
Although it does not minimize the gravity
of the so-called dollar crisis" it makes
clear that that crisis can be overcome
readily enough if all parties concerned act
intelligenty and on time.
One of the parties is the United States
The banks hopefulness is based In part
on the assumption that Congress will act
favorably on the Marshall proposal to help
the European countries to help themselves
There is the additional assumption that
the productive facilities of Germany-par-
ticularly the output potentials of the Ruhr
and its coal mines will be exploited
promptly for the benefit of the overall
continental economy.
But these two conditions, according 10
the bank, together with the banks own
limited ability to help, are subordinate IN
inheritance. though absolutely essential
In the words of the report, "Outsde assist
ance is vital, but it represents small per-
centage of the total effort" required II
the recipient countries are to Surmount
the dollar crisis'-a crisis better denneo
as the need for more and more production
within those countries to enable them to
export enough to pay for the vast amount
Of imports they must have to live.
AS the report declares, food, fuel and
manpower are the major bottlenecKs
blocking a comeback along this line, but
the bottlenecks cannot be smashed by
American aid alone or by combining that
aid with World Bank loans and revitall-
zation of the German economy. What Is
necessary above everything else. the all
important primary condition, is that "Eu-
rope itself must make the major contribu-
ton" to it's own recovery by utilizing Ito
the full and for productive purposes its
own resources" Act.,g on an individual
and collective basis, 0ne nations involved
can do this by taking the fitness" out OF
such "ifs" as the following:
% If they move to restore their internal
financial stability by balancing their bud
gets, improving their tax systems and cur
failing their unproductive expenditures as
much as possible. (2) If they work to-
gether to integrate their reconstruction
and production programs on regional
basis 80 If they formulate plans for
better utilization of available manpower
including the employment of displaced
persons and possibly the voluntary immi-
grafton of German and italian workers
without job opportunities in their own
countries. And a. If they act in concert
for the gradual removal or lowering OF
Evening star., 1947-09-15
Curuvon

Ths slender moon Is cool and Whtte a'ooe
The halted cornuan Dhose tents D'h
stand
A single night upon the lonely plo'h
Where Babylon hes buried In the sono.
The tilted moon spills silUer at the rect
OF sleepers ,oho clutch at monfp- -odno.
and toss above pouch OF hidden gems.
And Babylon lies buried in the sond.
The little moon goes up and do'fn the sky,
Liohting the lovers toalk'ns' mana N
hand
who spend their happtne" and hoard
their Dealth,
where Babylon hes buried IN the sand.
The traqile moon ero,os paler In the nest.
And jackals stink across forbidden land.
while camel driDers mutter in their sleep.
and Babylon hes buried In the sand.
YETZA GILLESPIE.
Evening star., 1947-09-15
sto,s, Men and Atoms
Cancer May Be Catching,
New Experiments Show
Agriculture Agency Tests Indicate
Chicken Disease Is Infectious
By Thomas X. Henry

y ~
The first contagious cancer has just been
reported here.
Department of Agriculture experiments, re-
ported through the American Association for
the Advancement of Science, appear to demon
strate rather conclusively that the malady Of
chickens known as lynnphomatosis is an infec-
tious disease.
This condition is generally recognized as
belonging to the cancer family and Is similar
to lymph cancer In human beings. ..-
The findings, it is warned, are not to be
taken as evidence that cancer generally is
contagious 1t might be considered as family
of diseases having similar syndromes The
evidence here applies to only one form and is
confined exclusively to chickens. Still the
demonstration that this one type is con-
tagious may be one of the most significant
contributions to scientific understanding Of
cancer. II transmittabe virus can produce
one form of metastatic disease 1t may be re-
SponSible for others.
Experiments Lasted 8 Years.
The evidence comes in q report from DR..
Nelson f. Waters of the Department of Agri
cultures poultry research laboratory at East
Lansing, Mich. He gives the results of expert
ments carried out for the past eight years.
ably is transmitted from parents to offspring
through the eggs. Chicks were raised In abso-
lutely germ-free pens so that they developed
no diseases of any kind, until the lymph can-
GERS made their appearance. Thus 1t was pos
sible to develop hereditary lines In some, a.
long as they were kept completely isolated.
the disease never was found. In other lines q
certain percentage of the chicks in each gen.
Grafton were bound to become yictimx rerard-
less of the surroundings in which they wers
raised
But when noncancerous chicks were mixed
with those of the csncerous stock they began
to show a rather large incidence Of the disease
Since everything else was carefully controlled
the only conclusion to be reached, Dr. Waters
believes is that lymphomatosis is contagious
virus disease-like poliomyelitis or smallpox.
Question Of Identity.
"The suggestion that chicken tumor having
the properties commonly associs ted with neo-
plasia is caused by an agent which is con-
tagious is unique in the history of neoplasia as
found in other animals" DR.. Waters says. IF
inbred chickens highly susceptible to specific
lymphoid tumors when reared by families In
strict pen isolation develop relatively few or no
tumors it can only be assumed that that acti-
waiting causes which promote tumor growth
were not prevalent either In the chickens OF In
the environment surrounding them"
The hurdle to be crossed, he indicates, Is
universal agreement that lymphomatosis sc-
tually belongs to the cancer family. This may
be disputed by some specialists, although the
syndrome is remarkably similar.
No efforts are reported to isolats the re-
sponsible virus.
Evening star., 1947-09-15
A Customs Union for Europe?

The project for customs union cover
ing most of the countries of Western
Europe has become at least possibility
with the formation of study group to
consider its feasibility. Indeed the in
cluson in this group of Iceland on the
one hand and of Greece and Turkey on the
other raises larger perspective for such
an undertaking.
The idea itself is, of course, not new. 1t
has been implicit in projects for European
solidarity which go back several centuries
and which have been more widely consid-
cred since World War l. But the stern
pressure of dire misfortune consequent on
World War II is raising the concept to the
level of practical politics.
Throughout history cusSnms unions have
proved to be the most effective promoters
of integration between states and peoples,
It was certainly the vital prerequisite to
the formation of our own union of States,
while the formation of the German "Zoll-
verein" in the id-nineteenth century
was the logical precursor to political
unifcation of the German states two
decades later
It should however be understood that
customs unions, to be workable, must re-
feet economic tendencies in that direction
which already exist. The best current ex-
ample of this is the limited customs union
recently established between the three
adjacent Low Countries the
Netherlands and Luxembourg, with it's
felicitous title of "Benelux' Indeed, it is
this harmonious and apparently successful
l. cNrf
OF laboratory experiment for the larger
project now being explored,
The obstacles that have blocked such
action In the past are easily listed They
include not merely nationalistic and stra-
tegic factors, but also economic considera-
tions Both the agriculture and the in
dustry of most continental countries have
evolved into their modern forms under pro-
tective tariffs which have created vested
interests that might suffer with the loss
of their artificial home markets. Yet the
larger considerations of mutual self
preservation by common action tend to
overcome local oppositions of this char
acter.
A more serious impediment Is the anom-
slous position of Britain which is eco
nomically tied to the European conti-
nent and is also the heart of an extensive
empire and commonwealth with world
wide ramifications. Just how Britain could
reconcile it's commitments under imperial
preference" with its new obligations to a
European customs union is problem that
has not yet been thought through.
If one looks at the picture piecemeal, the
complexities and difficulties seem insuper-
able. Yet some measure or measures look
ing toward Europe's economic integration
would appear to be literally a life-and-
death matter History has abundantly
proved the truth of the old saying: Where
there's will, there's way If the states
Evening star., 1947-09-15
This and That
Bu Charles E. TrGce1DeH

migrating birds.
Now is the time of the mgrators: already
they are beginning to come through all the
way from tiny warblerS to friendly ROBINS tnst
| spent the summer north of U.S.
Do not forget water for them all.
Berries forming on bushes, seeds OF annnals
these all make plenty of good food, but often
the birds search in vain for water.
Friends Of the birds will see to 1t that one or
more bird baths are kept filled all the time
It is a good idea to have one member OF the
| family take charge of this.
He or she should inspect the bird bath at
| least once day. often twice is important, be-
cause band Of robins will flop all OF the
water out in few minutes
It is good idea, If there is just one bird
bath in yard, to put in another at this time.
This may be done easily by placing shallow
pan the ground.
II it can be sunk in the earth, 30 much the
better but this is not essential
The chief thing is to have water there when
the birds come through.
Since they must see their rejection to spot 1t,
the bowl or pan should be right out in the
| open not overlaid by leaves.
These smaller baths need even more care
than permanent ones, since the evaporation Is
| faster
| In addition to the wood thrush, taking his
| last looks around before leaving lis, some OF
| the rarer thrushes will come into suburban
| yards this month and next
These are the gray-cheeked thrush, the olive
| backed thrush and the hermit thrush. Yes,
| even the latter, a real denizen Of the deep
woods, now and then enters built-up areas.
His song is different from that of the wood
| thrush, but may be instantly recognized as
| being related.
Other thrushes at this time of year are in
clined to sing very softly, almost whispering.
| The friendliness Of our common thrush. uni
versally called the wood thrush, although ne
| No longer sticks to the woods, is increased at
| this time OF year.
The fall sees him absolutely unafraid Of
humans.
He now will permit any soft walking person
to come as close as two or three feet before
moving and even then ne does not ny out
merely hops few feet.
Our own most beautiful memory Of this
precious bird is of one early morning several
years ago. when we came to one percned at one
end of fallen log
The bird sat on one end, and we sat on the
other.
Several thrashers have come to the garden
recently.
They too are on their way South.
This is the big reddish brown bird with the
dark spots on the chest
Some people call it the big thrush, yet it Is
no thrush. but a member of the mocking bird
family.
The true autumn display, however, is by the
faithful robins.
These fellows gather into bands of several
dozen to so or 100 birds for the trip South.
It is good then to have plenty of water wait
| ing them when they fly down, for they are
great bathers.
When the birds light. they deploy out over
the lawn in typical fashion. each with head
on side. waiting for the slight movement Of
earth that shows a worm beneath.
Sousa once wrote a march called Solid
Men to the Front"
When we see robins in the yard this way. we
ALWAYS think of this Souss march (which may
be- had on an old black Victor record, by the
wavJ