davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05
u. s., Britain Expected
To Call for 3-Power
Inquiry in Hungary
Request for U. N. Inquiry
Reported Indicated in
Messages to Russians
By the Associated Press

BUDAPEST, June San au-
thoritative American source said
today that American and British
military representatives here
would send Russian authorities
within two days renewed official
demands for a three-power in
Vestigation of the Communist
coup d'etat in Hungary.
The spokesman said British and
American communications to the
Russians today on the matter in
dicated that the two western powers
might ask United Nations inquiry
into the events which led to the
resignation of Premier Ferenc Macy
and the Communist assumption of
complete authority.
The representatives of the west
ern powers asked the Russians for
documents which the Soviet Off
Gals say implicated Mr.. Macy m
a plot to overthrow the Hungarian
republic.
Requests Previously Rejected.
Twice before, 1t. Gen. V. P. Swirl
dov, Soviet commandant and acting
chairman of the Allied Control Com
mission here, had turned down Brit
ish and American requests for a
three-power investigation of Hun
garian politics.
The strongest American request
came March II, when the United
States Government expressed the
opinion that the Communists were
attempting to seize power through
extra constitutional tactics" and
that thus the Communists threat
ened democracy"
The same American note pro-
tested the Soviet arrest cf Bella
Kovacs, secretary general of the
Stockholders Party. Russian troops
took Mr.. Kovacs from his home the
night of February Is and placed
him in a Russian military prison on
charge of espionage. The Ameri-
can note said the Russians arrested
Mr.. Kovacs as a favor to tine Com
munist Party, which had been I'M
successful in, having him arrested
on a charge of plotting against the
republic.
Reds Consolidate Position.
Reliable informants. meanwhile,
said Communist forces were seeking
to consolidate their new hold on
the government by quashing criti-
See RIIDAPFST PAGE A-sl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05
Truman Refuses to Give Hint
On ak and Labor Bill Action

President Truman refused at his
news conference today to indicate
his intentions with regard to the
controversial tax reduction and la
bor-control bills.
Asked if he would give IAN adj
vance tip on what he proposed to
do about the measures, the Presi-
dent responded with a smiling no
saying that decision would await
his analysis.
The President was equally as I'M
communicative when three Demo-
cratic members of the House called
today to urge Mr.. Truman to veto
the labor bill.
The President listened and made
no comment. He said he was going
to study the bill very carefully"
Representative Madden of Indiana
told reporters.
He was accompanied by Repre-
sentatives Lesinski of Michigan and
Klein of New York.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05
New Reconstruction Program
For Europe Urged by Marshall
Pledges U. S. Opposition to Any Nation
Which Muneuvers to Block Recovery Of Others

groups which seek to perpetuate
human misery in order to profit
therefrom politically or otherwise
will encounter the opposition of the
United States"
Gen. Marshall, Gen. Omar N.
Bradley, veterans administrator,
were made doctors of law and 10
other prominent persons were
awarded honorary degrees at Har-
wards commencement exercises. APP
proximately $3.50 students received
diplomas.
Gen. Marshall did not specify
how much money the American
Gov rnment intends to make avail
able but said Europe must have
substantial additional help" dur
ing the next three to four years or
face economic, social and political
(See MARSHALL Page All
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05

Mr. Lesinski said that they told
the President that the bill would
strip labor of its rights and create
great industrial unrest.
When a reporter asked at the
news conference when he expected
to act on the $4,000, 00o, 900 tax cut
bill, which reached the White House
yesterday. the President said as
soon as it comes before him off,
cially.
The labor bill is expected to reach
the President in the next couple of
days. The House approved it yes
terday and the Senate is expected
to pass it today or tomorrow.
1t has already been said at the
White House that the President
would not act on the proposed tax
cut before his weekend trip 10
Kansas City, which starts tomorrow.
MIR. Truman will meet with his
cabinet at 3 pm. today. and it APP
peared likely both bills would be
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05

worked for So week. You remem-
ber?"
Quite the opposite was an elderly
man whose initials are j r. S. Che
would not give his name who was
aorniring a straw hat in a store
window.
You can't treat the unions rough
enough to suit me, he said. They've
destroyed our country. There Is no
more freedom of thought. They
ought to hang John L. Lewis up by
the heels"
Further conversation developed
that u. r. S." started out as union
carpenter, but worked 81 years for
the telephone company before re-
firing.
More measured was J. Emory
Smith. New York Life Insurance
fSee COMMENT, Pace A-5.5
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05

prices down in favor of heavy SPEND
ing abroad that will keep them up"
In a lengthy statement released
at his first news conference in three
weeks, Mr.. Truman responded tartly
that 1.-The administration did not
advocate the Greek Turkish aid
program for the purpose of bringing
prices down.
He added:
ut advocated that program for two
important reasons-flrst. to extend
aid to starving millions and to help
restore their economies so that the
world may regain its prosperity in
the long run; and second. to help
those nations which want to preserve
their freedoms and set up bulwark
against totalitarian aggression,
Says Taft Had to Be Answered.
A reporter wanted to know why
the President had picked Senator
Taft to answer when similar crit
icism had come from other sources.
Mr.. Truman said Senator Taft
had made statement that wouldn't
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05
1000 Veterans Livinq
In IraiIers Here Cited
In Blast at Excise Tax
Essential Housing Object
Of J Pct. Luxury Levy.
House Group Is Told
By George Beveridae

A thousand veterans, unable to
find permanent homes, are living
in trailers in the Washington
area, the House Ways and Means
Committee was told today.
Waldron E. Leonard, director of
the District Veterans Service Cen
ter, testified the trailers are an
important factor in veterans hous-
ing here at committee hearing to
study whether the present Z per
cent luxury excise tax on the
trailers is just.
Most of the thousand veterans,
Mr.. Leonard said, live at trailer
villages in nearby Maryland and
Virginia. He said more than 90 per
cent of the $50 occupants of one
camp at Alexandria are former
servicemen. and that all of them
own their own trailers.
Drain on Wartime Savings.
The service center director said
he became concerned about TIE Z
per cent tax about three months
ago, when veterans began f1ocking
to the center to ssee if they could
get priority on purchase of a
trailer
Most of them, he said, are saving
CT bill benefits until they can buy
permanent homes. This tax means
just that much more of the vet
Grams wartime saving will have to
be spent"
One veteran who recently bought
trailer with his savings has been
told by Walter Reed Hospital doc
tors that he has only year to
live because of an incurable dis
ease, Mr. Leonard said
He pointed to Endorsement of the
trailers as living quarters by Fed
mn A TT r1rC
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05
Italian Empire TuIks
Postponed in London
BY the Asseeioied Press

LONDON. June 5.-Four- power
talks on the future of Italian col
onies, scheduled for tomorrow, were
postponed indefinitely today at the
request of the Russian representa-
tive, Georgi Zarubin.
Diplomats said Zarubin. Soviet
Ambassador to London, probably
had not received instructions from
Moscow. Ambassador Lewis w.
Douglas Is to represent the United
States at the talks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05
ManyReIe byU.S
Face Bleak Future as
Aid Measures Lag
Older Employees Moy
Lose Money Paid for
Retirement Benefits
Rv Ioeanh Younr
! BY Joseph Young

It's a bleak future that is facing
many Government employees who
came to Washington at the start of
the war effort and who now are
losing their jobs during the current
economy program.
Yet Congress can take action to
help these employees over their finan-
cial plight without its costing the
United States Government a single
penny.
Government officials point out
those employees who have more
than five years of service to theil
credit and who now face dismissa,
really are up against it.
Unlike workers In private indus
try, they haven't the cushion OF
unemployment compensation hene.
fits to. fall back on until they fine
work. And, unlike those Federal
workers with less than five. years OF
service, these employees can't with
draw their contributions to the Fed
eral Retirement System.
Workers Hope for Quick Action.
With this in mind, THESE work
ers are hopeful that speedy ac-
ton will be taken on either
the Langer-Chavez measure or on
the bill of Representative Jones,
Republican of Washington. Both
bills would provide that dismissed
employees who have been in the
Government for less than 10 years
be permitted to take out their re-
tirement money.
The present law provides that only
those employees with less than five
years service may take out their
money upon dismissal. Otherwise
the money remains in the retirement
fund until the employee reaches the
age of 81, when annuity payments
begin.
The legislation is backed by the
Civil Service Commission, various
members of Congress and Govern
ment employees union groups.
Thus far, however, the Jones bill
has languished in the House Civil
Service Committee, where it was
sent shortly after its introduction
early in February.
Unions Point Out Facts.
The bills supporters point to the
following facts in support of theil
assertion that the legislation "is
urgently needed"
/. Many of the employees affected
by the bill are young women who
were recruited by the Government
before the war or shortly after the
start of hostilities to aid in the wal
effort. It was on a patriotic basis
that these employees came to Wash.
ington, many of them on small!
salaries.
z. The high cost of living and The
fact that Government workers die
not get pay raise until almost the
end Of the war has made 1t virtually
(See FMPL DYES page A-5l
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05
Senate Rdtifies Peace Treaty
With Italy by Vote Of 70 to 10.
Voice Vote Approval Is Given Pocts
With Rumunio, Bulgaria and Hungary

Senator Mcmahon, Democrat, of
Connecticut said during the debate
he is fearful" that Senate ratifica-
ton of the peace treaty with Italy
will lay that country open to Com
munist control and Hungary S
fate"
Senator MsMahon said, however,
that he would vote for ratification
"as the lesser of two evils" He told
his colleagues that reputation of
the treaty might give Russia an
excuse" to withdraw from United
Nations discussions on atomic
energy control.
AS debate neared an end and the
vote approached, Senator Bridges,
Republican, of New Hampshire told
reporters the fight to block approval
of the treaties appeared lost. Sen
Iator Bridges criticized the italian
(Caa TIDE a TTEvc nora
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05
Kings Gift to Miss Moore
Found at Scene of-Crush
By the Assoeio,ed Press

COPENHAGEN, June 5.-A VAL
liable trinket presented to the late
Grace Moore by King Haakon VII
of Norway was found recently near
the scene of the airplane crash in
which Miss Moore lost her life, Dep
uty Police Commissioner Arthur
Dahl said today.
He said the trinket, which bears
the Kings initials, would be sent to
the singers heirs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05

CAMBRIDGE, Mass, June s.
Secretary of State Marshall
called on the nations of Europe
today to work out together a
great new program of recon-
struction,
He promised American economic
assistance and support so far as
it may be practical"
At the same time he pledged the
United States to oppose ANY gov
eminent which maneuvers to block
the recovery of other countries"
Without naming any foreign
country or party Gen. Marshall
declared in the outline of an ad-
dress prepared for meeting of the
Harvard Alumni Association:
Governments, political parties or
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05
Army Air Forces Disclose
Powerful Jet Engine
By the Associated Press

The Army Air Forces disclosed
yesterday that six years of secret
work has developed the most power
full American turbo-jet engine. yet
announced.
This new engine, designated as the
XJ-37, packs more power than
Diesel electric railroad engine, but
has less than i of per cent of
the Diesel's weight.
The XJ-37 can be installed in
either the wing or fuselage, uses
little fuel, and can be used either
as jet engine or as turbine with
propeller.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05
By MerrelI WhittIesey

Jimmy Thomson of Chicopee
Mass, the acknowledged longest
hitter in golf, was the first of the
name players to tee off today in
the $4,000 National Capital
Open and at the end of IA holes
the big blond better was six
under par over the Prince
Georges course.
Thomson played the first nine in
81, five under. and started back
with a birdie on the 10th. He
pared the next three and had par
in for a Sc at that point.
Lew Worsham, Washington S
latest sensation in pro goifing ranks,
turned the front nine in 80 strokes,
four under par.
Meanwhile, Billy Griffin, slender
amateur from the host club and
tsee GOLF, Page Ash
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05
Bulletins
Robertson Hits Homer


CLEVELAND.-Sherry Rob-
ertsOn, Nat third baseman,
blasted a home run over the
right field fence in the second
inning today to give Washing
ton a 1-to-0 lead over Cleve-
land at the end of the visitors.
half of the second inning.
Army Plane Fund Boosted
The House today boosted by
S40,G00,000 The Army's funds
for airplane purchases during
the fiscal year beginning July l.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05
Thomson Sets
Fast Pace in
Capital Golf
BULLETIN

Jimmy Thomson tied the
competitive course record at
Prince Georges with a 66, six
under par, despite two three
putt green's on the back nine,
for the early lead in today's
National Capital Open. George
Scheiter and Harold Oatman
had 68s, four under.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05
BULLETIN

+ After ratifying the Italian
treaty, the Senate this after
noon gave voice vote approval
to treaties with Romania, Bull
garia and Hungary.
BY the Associated Press
The Senate ratified today the
peace treaty with Italy, first
of agreements with World War II
enemy states to win its approval.
The vote was 10 to 10.
Ratification by the necessary two
third majority came after the cham
Der had rejected, ST to q, proposal
by Senator Fulbright, Democrat, OF
Arkansas to delay action on it and
treaties with Hungary, Romania and
Bulgaria until January rs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05
S250,000 Fire Sweeps
Roland Park School
By the Associoied Press

BALTIMORE, June 5.-Firemen
reported that the Roland Park
Country School was at least three
quarters destroyed in five-alarm
fire lastsnight.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05

(See EMPLOYEES, Page A-5.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05

(See EISLER. Page A-5D
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05

(See TRAILERS, Page AS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05

(See ARGENTINA, Page A.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05

(See HUNGARY, Page A-61
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05

(see TREATIES, Page Asa
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05

(See FOREIGN, Page A-4.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05

(See MARSHALL, Page A-5D
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05

tSee PRIMARY, Page !
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-06-05

(See BUDAPEST, Page "A
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1947-09-26
From The Desk
| of
melvin Schultz
President
Local II UAW>CIO

1t seems that the political situation in our
community is always producing news of one
form or another. At this particular time, it un-
doubtedly Is a season in which our civic po-
litics should create the biggest headlines.
Tom Burke, who is the Executive Secre-
tary for the Toledo Industrial Union Council
and also one of the present City Councilmen,
Is certainly my No. / choice for our City
Council in this coming election. He has al
ready been endorsed by the Democrats and
will undoubtedly receive many other organi-
rational endorsements, yet this to me does noe
take away from Toms ability to serve our
community on n non-partism basis. Some cri-
ticism has been revealed that the various
members of City Council with the intimation
that our Council Is to be captured by either
the Democratic or the Republican Party do
not feel that this situation is any different
this year then 1t has ever been It is probably
true that each person who has an opportunity
to appoint personnel for the city adminstra-
tion would pick out those people whom they
know best since In such cases it is much easier
to work with them.
This practice of "To The Victor Belongs
The Spoils" is part of the Democratic System
of Government. If 1t Is used with discretion
and jobs are not created beyond reason for
the rewarding of supporters certainly the
help which any public official selects is 60
ing to have a considerable bearing on the
length of time he may be able to serve the
people who elect him.
Tom Burke has served our community in
the State Legislature and also in City Coun-
Gil. Everyone who is familiar with his record
knows that he has constantly tried to improve
conditions which were for the benefit of the
majority of our citizens. His selection as No.
l for our City Council by myself most certain
ly Is not because he might be registered De-
mocrat but rather because of his good record
and my personal knowledge of his ability and
progressive program.
There are others In our City Council whom
I feel are worthy Of reelection, however un-
der the PR System a voters chance of having
the right to vote for more than one council
man Is rather slim; therefore, Tom Burke Is
my No. choice.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1947-09-26
It's News
To Me
By 0. J. Pecord

Did you ever of monkey starving to death in the
midst of plenty? MOI And you will.
But with people They only have tough
getting the things they need in order to live but what
is worse, actually plan an economy Of scarcity.
the steel trust and observe that 1t refuses
to continue captastic free enterprise not only
the increased demand for Steel but
rejects expanonist basis which its system rests
be stagnation for capitalism Either 1t ex-
pands will hit the skds And there's two about
that
or course the immediate interest of the steel indus
try to stand pat reject which being
by industry labor bring its output to meet the de-
for steel 1t does so because it command higher
price profit for its product thus making more
profit than would make by greater production at reduced
prices
But while the steel industry reaping golden harvest
automobile and other industries which dependent
amount of deness the workers the automobile
and other dependent industries
OTHERS TOO
Because the production of autos and other commodities
which depend unable the effective demand
the prices relatively articles hiked that
the sees dependencies like steel still getting high prices
and large profits without expanding these various industries
Steel auto industries which working the
scarcity like It, The golden profits pouring into
treasures stock the stock market their
stockholders happy and everything fine In their little
world.
are part scarcity conspiracy what them? Are their
increased in proportion to the riches flowing into the
from this in which price and profit take precedence
production?
i
lot of technical hooe but ask him sensible
questions and he will tell you
l. That healthy capitalism depends upon expansion
production to give jobs increasingly larger
number of workers.
z be sufficient to reduce costs that
a larger number of people will be able purchase.
z Wages must be high enough to effective pur-
chasing power that the production line may maintained
without Cutting the market
q. Profits must be lowered that wages may be in
creased of profits and production.
COMPLICATIONS
of complications that the entire
problem capalsc be reduced
Competition, where ii exists, be
reckoned the face of the constantly mounting
monopoe this is becoming and negligible factor.
Regardless the intricate problems of capitalism the
fact still the only capitalism maintain
and perpetuate itself is either by expansion,
tempted Germany and Fascist Italy control labor
by force.
in the face of the Hartley
the other industries expand that the
needs or recognizing decided itself by
other and more devious methods.
worthy of study consideration
should allow ourselves to forget that America is still
the world and that what could happen elsewhere
and might occur here
Finally attempting to persuade big business to
itself let remember the monkeys who starved
amid . forest of eocoanutS
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1947-09-26
Regional
Views
By Richard Gosser
Director Region 2B, UAW-CIO

Taft's western trip, made for the purpose
OF advancing his own candidacy for the presi-
dency has brought out one of the principal
issues Of the 1948 campagn-the right of the
plain people to live in decency.
Is anyone going to tell me that with Its
wealth of land and mines and waters and It's
power to produce food, clothing homes and
thousands of industrial products, America must
be told to 'eat leSs?"
Is there anyone who really believes that the
scarcity in many lines, such as steel, autos and
other industrial products, is anything more
than a planned scarcity for the purpose of
maintaining high prices while the industrial
lists, Taft and other servants of big business cry
out that the country needs more production?
Make no mistake about it, the people who
control the products of mine, mill, farm and
factory do not want the high production for
which they are crying. They want scarcity,
because they can insure high profits at least
for time-by maintaining low productivity
THE REAL ISSUE
This is the real issue for which the Taft.
Hartley law is nothing more or less than a
front. This is the issue which must be prompt
ly settled unless we are to experience another
depression which will make the last one seem
like comparatively prosperous times.
If we see the Taft-Hartley Act for what 1t
really is-a legislative barrage set down to
cover the advance of the monopolSts and prof
iteers against the people-we will not only OPP
pose that law with all our strength and efforts
but we will try to the best of our ability to
get to the profiteers who are marching for
ward under the protection given them by this
unjust law.
There Is no argument about it. the Taft
Hartley law is bad and should be fought; but
so is lowered take home pay So is 94-cent
butter, 81 steak and boiled ham at $150 a
pound.
The best and Surest way to fight the Taft
Hartley law and high prices is to exercise our
rights as citizens and vote in November and
every election. To vote is to express our pro-
test in practical way. To refrain from vot-
ing Is to court more attacks by big business.
Register and vote. Protect your interests