davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-10-19

away his cornet to become union
leader, the boys who were fiddline
or drumming in Chicago theater pits
were earning $12 week.
But Jimmy had packed only his
cornet, not his brass, and now the
boys are we'll past the 500 weekly
mark.
Today, he is the country's highest
paid union leader making some $780,
900 yearly plus union payment OF
his income taxes.
The boys have other ways, too
of expressing their gratitude. In
1886. the union presented him with
$35, 900 summer home on fashion
able Lake Geneva and have given
him and his wife eXpense-free tours
abroad.
Born March 16, 1892, Mr.. Pet
rillo spent eight years getting
through the fourth grade, explain
ing. Il guess I was lazy"
But, he added-and a lot of mu-
sicians' employers will agree-"l
was always good at arithmetic"
Mr.. Petrillo is sentimental about
his boys and their work but he
doesn't let it interfere with his ad-
amant union tenetS.
Once he broke up his first band
one he had footed his cornet in for
eight years.
Il hated to-" he recalls, "but what
else could I do? They were play
ing funerals for two dollars a man
when the scale is eight
Evening star., 1947-10-19
BY the Assoeioied Press

BY the Assoeioied Press
CHICAGO, Oct. 18.-Jimmy C
for Caesar Petrillo hasn't played
his cornet for hire for years, but
he made another big noise today.
In announcing that his American
Federation of Musicians would be
barred from making records or ra-
dio transcriptions after December
81, it was the old Petrillo reasoning
as always, adding up to:
MY boys gotta eat"
In his Is years as the Musicians
Union leader, Mr.. Petrillo has tan
gled with networks, employers, rival
unions, politicians, the United States
Government, the Army, President
Roosevelt, John L. Lewis and even
Mussolini And usually the little son
of an immigrant sewer digger won.
One of the 55-year- -old Petrillos
biggest battles is still without de-
cision-that in which the Federal
Government charges he violated the
Lea Act, often called the Anti-Pe-
trillo Act.
Mr.. Petrillo announced soon after
passage of the act in 1916 that he
would make a personal test of it.
He did, and soon after the Govern
ment charged him in criminal in
formation with attempting to COM
pei Radio Station WAAF, Chicago,
to employ three'persons not needed.
In Chicago year ago, Federal
Judge Walter G. La Buy held the
Iact unconstitutional but was re-
versed by the Supreme Court, which
remanded the case for trial. The
Government has now reinstated its
charge in an amended information,
with hearing set for November 4.
Perhaps Mr.. Petrillo's most re-
nowned dispute-and similar to to-
days action-began August l, 1912
when he. forbade the 225, 600 AIM
members to make records and elec-
tricai transcriptions. The ban ended
n months later in complete victory
for Mr.. Petrillo, after he had defied
an order of the War Labor Board
and rejected a request of the late
President Roosevelt.
In 1914. the big and little record
companies agreed to the union de-
mand that fees ranging from a
quarter of a cent on 25-cent records
and two cents on 81 records be paid,
marking the first time an entire in
dustry accepted the principle of pay
ing directly to a union treasury for
each piece of merchandise produced.
One of the diminutive Mr.. Pc
trillo's most colorful fights was with
DR.. Joseph E. Maddy, president Of
the National Music Camp at Inter-
lochen. Mich. Mr.. Petrillo ruled that
the school children's broadcast from
the camp should be taken off the
air because they are intended
to commercialize the Interlochen
camp
That battle began in 1912 and al
though Mr.. Petrillo now permits
broadcasts of student musicians, the
Interlochen camp is still on the AIM
unfair list"
Mr.. Petrillos boys doggedly attest
to how well Jimmy has championed
their cause. When Jimmy packed
Evening star., 1947-10-19
Cloud Controls
Continued From First Page J

boiled upward. This snow would
not ice an air plane. Soon the
snow fell and the IL" changed into
a Canyon in the cloud. In 80 min
utes this canyon was 1000 feet deep
This canyon widened and length
ened rapidly. 1t cut completely
down through the cloud and was
about miles wide and heightened
to IS miles.
These icing clouds, it was de-
clared, can be cut through at the
rate of IS square miles per minute
or roughly 1000 square miles an
hour. That will be the time re-
quired for seeding. The cutting
which the cloud itself does follows
rapidly.
If plane wants to rise through
Ia dangerous icing cloud overhead
it can cut hole upward by seeding
the clear air directly below the
cloud. This air, for some distance
below, is filled with liquid mois-
ture below freezing. When seeded,
this water creates an uprush that
turns the cloud above to snow.
There is no danger of icing from
snow.
In one fight, with the sky COM
pletely clouded over, a single plane
opened rift 20 miles long and five
wide by dropping dry ice above the
cloud layer. Blue sky could be seen
from the ground through this rift.
These, and further experiments
which promise to alter winter
weather considerably, were reported
by DR.. Langmuir, Vincent j.
Schaefer, DR.. Bernard Vonnegut,
Raymond E. Falconer, Kiah May
nard and Robert Smith Johannsen.
Heavens Seeded.
This weather control is to be done
by smoke generators on the ground,
which instead of smoke, send float
ing aloft tiny particles of silver
iodide. The silver floats as lightly
as smoke. These particles act eX-
actly the same as dry ice. forming
nuclei on which the sub-freezing
water solidities into snoWtiakes.
But the silver is more efficient
than dry ice. 1t does not evaporate
or. melt. From generators great
areas of the heavens can be seeded,
and the particles will wait for the
super-cooled water to come to them.
The amount of silver required. :"
DR.. Langmuir said, lis entirely neg
ligible, SO the cost of the silver
iodide would not be appreciable."
The particles are about a millionth
Of an inch in diameter, not all of
that being silver.
Sees Temperature Changed.
"If," DR.. Langmuir said, "it thus
becomes possible to use generators
on the ground. it might be possible
to alter the general cloud forma
tions over the Northern part of the
United States during the winter
time. I would anticipate that it
would decrease the cloudiness, it
would prevent all Ice storms, all
Evening star., 1947-10-19
PetriIIo
Continued From First Page.)

colding companies, Mr.. Petrillo
commented to a reporter today:
Il don't know who's going out of
business, but I know we're going
out of business If We continue
making records"
Can Still Make Old Records.
The ban, Mr.. Petrillo said, will
become effective when present re-
cording contracts expire after De-
cember 81. The recording COM
panies could keep turning out old
records made by AFL musicians.
The action was the second of its
kind taken by the powerful musi-
clans union. Mr.. Petrillo forbade
the unions members to make records
or electrical transcriptions on Au-
gust /, 1912. Twenty-seven months
later the dispute ended in COM
plete victory when the recording
companies accepted union terms to
pay the union fees ranging from one
to two cents a record.
Asked today whether he believed
the banning Of future recordings-
estimated to net the union $4,000
600 year-WaS more advantageous
Evening star., 1947-10-19
Mount Vernon Ladies' Buy
LIST Of Washington Slaves

The Mount Vernon Ladies' Asso-
citation yesterday purchased for
$l,40o list of Negroes belonging
to George Washington" at an auc-
tion sale in New York.
The Associated Press reported
that the item brought the highest
price among 242 private letters and
papers in the Edward Amber Arm
strong collection which were auc-
toned. The sale, held in the Kende
Galleries, netted a total of $25,95e.
The ladies association operates
Mount Vernon.
Miss Emily Driscoll, New York.
paid the second highest price
81 ,300-for group of letters from
the first President to a regimental
cavalry commander in Virginia,
George Baylor.
A letter from Washington "advis-
ing an English friend where to
settle" in the United States sold for
s700 to Miss Driscoll. The letter
gives a general description of the
New England States.
Evening star., 1947-10-19
CONTINUED From First Page.5

that there be no confusion when
the program is broadcast.
The Inauguration of the Neigh
borhood Concerts last year set a
precedent and won many new
friends for the orchestra among
people who up to that time had
not been able to attend the concerts
by DR.. Kindler's organization which
year by year has gained in stature
The National Symphony is generally
recognized as being in the top flight
of symphonic groups and its an
nual tours are aiding in spreading
its fame.
The schedule for the other con-
certs in the series follows:
November 8, Armstrong High
School
November IT, Woodrow Wilson
High School.
November "a, Leland Junior High
School.
December Is, Eastern High
School.
January s., Westinghouse High
School.
January 10, Coolidge High School
January 26. Western High School
March 8, Armstrong High School
March %, Mckinley High School
Evening star., 1947-10-19

United States and called on the
U. N. 'to take q stand against the
barbarious war propaganda which
is Just as much Of crime as the
German Fascist propagands on the
eve of the war"
At the start Of the meeting Can
ada's L. B. Pearson challenged Rus
sias refusal to compromise on the
program. He said there was no
longer unanimity among the five
major powers and I'VE are in a situa-
ton where the unanimity rule has
become, In effect. both rule of
dissent. and guarantee of in
action"
In pledging for revision of U. n.
machinery Cubas Guillermo Belt
said the U. N charter has become
"ar obsolete document" since the
advent of atomic energy.
Evening star., 1947-10-19
Brush Fires Stopped
By Rain After Ice
Is Dumped on Clouds
BY fhe Associoted Press


TUNKHANNOCK, Pa, Oct.
18.-An airplane !Ar.:s<i SO
pounds of dry ics. Atp the
clouds today and 1t rafns1, end
ing 26-day drought and
squelching fires that bad raw
aged over 500 acres of brush
land in Wyoming County.
1t actually rained twice and
while John Hagerty, fire war
den and Pilot Walter Shook
acknowledged there was no
definite proof that the dry ice
was responsible, they submitted
this evidence:
Mr.. Shook dropped his ice
shortly before ll:40 m. While
the plane still was buzzing over
head a heavy rainfall began.
Shortly after the downpour
ended, there was another heavy
shower.
Evening star., 1947-10-19
Workers Too Proud
10 Slow Construction,
Union Official Insists
Ry h. Assneinted Press


A union leader declared yesterday
that construction workers are too
proud of their skills deliberately to
slow down home building.
Milton r. Stevens, business agent
for the Washington Plasterers
Union, made the statement to a
House Labor subcommittee after
three members of the editorial staff
of the Wall Street Journal testi-
fed that survey of major cities
indicates worker production in the
building trades has fallen off great
IL in many instances from prewar
rates.
The committee is making a study
Of factors involved in the housing
shortage.
Will F. Kirby. executive editor OF
the paper. expressed his belief that
;'wastages" by both industry and
labor send at least one out of every
five building dollars down the
drain"
Industry is 'Vainest.'
Mr.. Stevens told the committee
the construction industry is the
'vainest" in the world with regard
to its work.
Men in the building trades take
enormous pride in their finished
products, he said.
mo one can convince me that
any qualified. intelligent building
trades man will lay down on the
job" he added.
Joseph M. Guilfoyle. Wall Street
Journal reporter who helped con-
duct the housing survey for his
paper, reported lowered output where
workers are paid on an hourly basis.
IN some cases, where piece work pay
naent prevails, production per worker
is still comparable to prewar year,
ne said.
Lay 1000 Bricks a Day.
Mr.. Guilfoyl testified he was in
formed contract" bricklayers in
Seattle have been paid from $40
20 $50 per 1000 bricks. On the
piecework basis, they lay 300 to
1000 bricks a day.
In comparison, Mr.. Guilfoyle said,
the survey showed Seattle brick
layers who work on an hourly basis
lay from 300 to 500 bricks day
Reports to the Journal show the
nourly rate for bricklaying at Seattle
to be s2.3212, he said.
Testimony of Mr. Stevens and
another labor official, Frank R. How
ard, executive secretary for the
Washington Building and Construc-
ton Trades Council, was given just
before Chairman Gwinn temporarily
adjourned hearings here.
Hearings To Continue.
Field hearings of the committee
on the housing shortage will begin
IN about 10 days, with stops ten
tatively scheduled at Philadelphia,
Cleveland, New York, Chicago, San
Francisco and Los Angeles.
The labor officials told the COM
nlittee that if workers do lay a
smaller number of bricks per day
than before the war, it probably
can be attributed to the fact that
theysH work almost entirely with
finisf4ed facebrick and not on rough
intervals assin former years.
Mr.. Stevens asserted that the high
prewar. rate of production might
be credited to the depression and a
spirit of self preservation on the
part of the workers.
There were about five men then
for every job" he commented.
Evening star., 1947-10-19
u. N.
Continued From First Page.)

Continued From First Page)
day to block creation of the Balkan
commission by moving in the
Budgetary Committee that no funds
be voted for the investigation body
All six countries in the Soviet
sphere announced again that they
opposed the watchdog commission
and would have nothing to do with
it.
The Budgetary Committee. how
ever, voted down the Russians 81 to
6 and approved an appropriation of
$611 400.
John Foster Dulles, United States
delegate, made the final appeal for
the Little Assembly" He labeled
challenged Soviet assertions that
the new body would compete with
the veto-conscious Security Council.
He added that if Andrei Y. Vishin-
sky, Soviet deputy foreign minister,
had read my address (before the
political Committee) as closely as
he seems to have read some of my
Evening star., 1947-10-19

storms of freezing rain, and icing
conditions in clouds. BY changing
the cloudiness, it would change
the albedo (the power of clouds to
reflect light and thus change the
amount of heat absorbed from sun
light.
1T should be possible to change
the average temperature of some
regions during the winter months
He added that dry ice dropped
over incipient thunderstorms should
make the storms less severe. The
thunderstorms will last longer, he
said, but hail will be avoided.
There are also, he continued, pos
sibilities of increasing greatly the
rainfall in mountainous areas DUR
ing winter months. This would be
done by seeding clouds that are
being lifted by air currents on the
Windward sides of mountains.
Evening star., 1947-10-19
Turkey Dinner Wednesday

The Bon Air Baptist Church will
hold a turkey dinner at 5 pm.
Wednesday at the Ballston Fire Hall,
I9ll North Stuart street, Arlington.
Proceeds will 90 to the building
fund. {
Evening star., 1947-10-19
Porty Organizer to Speak

Dallas Reynolds, national organ
izer of the Socialist Labor Party
will speak On Can Depression Be
Averted" at a meeting at $50 pm
tomorrow in the Friendship House
l6l9 d st. Sc.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-09-25
Salute To National Guard

The National Guard has served with valor
and distinction in two World Wars and the
men joining the reorganized National Guard
have a proud heritage.
In creating new units of the expanded
Guard, every effort is made to tie them IN
with old units that they may inherit and
preserve distinctive insignia, coats of arms,
battle honors and history
To the achievements of the National Guard
in France in World War I were added
War II - in the Gilbert, Marshall, Marian
as and Ryukyu Islands in the Pacific; in the
Solomons, New Britain, New Guinea, the
Netherlands East Indies and the Philippines;
and Anzio to Rome, from Normandy to Ger
many, and from Southern France to Austria.
National Guard units took part in "a sepa-
rate campaigns and seven assault landings in
World War II. Every National Guard divi-
sion saw combat action; some were among
the first United States troops to 60 into
action against the enemy after the declara-
ton of war.
National Guard heroes include IA who re-
ceived the nations highest award, the Con-
gressional Medal of Honor. National Guard
units received 88 Presidential Unit Citations
and awards to individuals included so Dis
tinguished Service Crosses, 48 Distinguished
Flying Crosses and more than 10000 Silver
Star Medals.
who served so honorably and so effectively
in World War II, and the National Guard
must be rebuilt to contribute its strength to
the nations security.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-09-25
BY JOSEPH ALSOP

err ratification had actually oc-
Cured at Moscow. Rather, the
best authorities believe that the
directives consist of broad gen
eral orders, defining missions in
their order of importance and
broadly indicating strategy,
similar to the basic directive
that was given each American
theater commander in wal
time.
Within this rather wide frame,
Togliattl, Thorez and their col
leagues of the Italian and
French party executives are
reasonably free to act, subject
only to absolute obedience to
any further indications of opin-
ion from Moscow.
The best guess (and it is OF
course a complete shot in the
dark is that Togliatti's present
directive can be paraphrased in
ordinary language approximate
ly as follows: "Take power
quickly if possible. Use the par
ty influence with the labor
unions to promote the maxi
mum of political and economic
Reorganization. But on no ac-
count risk a civil war or the
suppression of the party
That important final qualifi-
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-09-25
Defend Alaska

General of the Army H. H. Arnold, re-
tired, writing in the October Flying Maya
zine", declares the United States is as vulner-
able now as on December 7, 1941 - Pearl
Fsrbor day. 1T is quite possible that we are
even more vulnerable than we realize. The
DEVELOPMENT of guided missiles and rockets
in other countries may well have progressed
farther than we think" he adds.
ut is General Arnold's opinion that any
surprise attack on the United States will be
known to us only in that it will come by
Ar and via the Arctic Circle. It is common
knowledge, he writes that the shortest air
routes from the United States to every
major country are over the North Pole.
~To strike at us, any potential enemy must
Mad north" This fact, General Arnold be-
Nsyes, was recognized by Secretary Seward
when he promoted acquisition of Alaska,
since he called Alaska "our first line of de-
1snss."
surely, says the General, every other
country knows that the Arctic and the North
Pole are mo longer the ends of the earth.
Alaska, therefore, is still our first line O.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-09-25

ROME.-By what strange proc
ess can the Communist party
come to power in an ancient
and proud western European
nation, with a vigorous, hard
working, and strongly Catholic
people? This is an important
question, both in Italy and for
us in the United States. 1t is
especially important now, be-
cause of the strong current evil
dence that the Kremlin has al
tered it's directive to the west
ern European Communist par
ties-that here in Italy for ex-
ample, Palmiro Togliatti is in
structed to take power as soon
as possible.
First it is necessary to grasp
what such directive is like. The
day-to-day transmission of or
ders between the Kremlin and
the Communist parties outside
Russia is a myth. If there were
such wonderful free commune
cation, even the Kremlin would
hardly choose to humiliate a
subordinate as Tcgliatti was re-
Gently Inundated, when he was
permitted to publish an i'm
passioned argument against the
Kremlin's r~atifying the Italian
peace treaty several hours (aft-
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-09-25
Star Program

State ports with Wilmington favored
IN proportion with It's resources. 10 IN
clude public terminals. tobacco storage
warehouses. ship repair facilities near.
BY sites for heavy industry n so-1oos
Cape Fear river channel.
City auditorium large enough to meet
needs for years to come.
Development Of Southeastern North
Carolina agricultural and industrial re-
sources through better markets and 1000
processing. pulp wood production ard
factories.
Emphasis on the regions recreation
advantages ana Improvement OF resort
accommodations.
Improvement Of Southe astern North
Cardinals farm-to-market and primary
roads, with a paved highway from Top
sail inlet to Bald Head island.
Continued effort through the City's IN
dustrial Agency to attract more IN
dustries.
Proper utilization Of Bluethenthal air
port for expanding air service.
Development Of Southeastern North
Cardinals heath facilities. especially IN
counties lacking hospitals. and ineiuo'
ing a Negro Health center.
announcement Of the growth OF com
mercial fishing.
Consolidation OF City and County gov
ernments.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-09-25
How Freedom Can Die

cation requires Signor Togliatti
and his fellows of the high com
mand to move delicately as well
as swiftly. To be sure, the Com
munists possess a powerful
para-military force in Italy.
The best of the Communists
wartime partisan units, num-
bering an estimated 10000 men,
have been almost certainly kept
in a state of secret training and
readiness. Wartime leaders,
international brigade veterans
like Pietro Secchia and the no
torious Colonel Moscatelli - are
reported still ready to function.
And besides this core Of fully
ready outfits, there are said tc
be about 100, 900 additional Com
munists who have retained OF
secured partisan arms.
Yet these Communist forces
are regarded as defensive for
the present and, for the future,
as the cadres of a new secret
police. Togliatti wants no civil
war which would invite external
intervention. 1t is generally
agreed that a Communist bid
for full power will not be made
except in conditions of such dis
organization and misery that all
opposition is effectively para
lyzed.
Precisely for this reason,
Signor Togliatti must nightly
thank God, to whom he is sur
prisingly polite, for the state of
nervous, hand = wringing indie
cision apparently prevailing in
Washington.
If America gives Italy wheat,
coal and the dollars to pay for
them, Toglitti has not got even
a good fighting chance. The tri-
of Signor Togliatti can be
almost automatically foretold,
if America remains paralyzed
in the present emergency.
The first result, of course,
will be the fall of the de Gas
peri government, as a direct re-
suit of its inability to give the
people bread and work. This
will occur relatively shortly.
There will follow a general
from which almost
every one predicts the emer-