Evening star., 1947-01-12

that "one or two general observa-
tions may have value"
Sooner or later the United States
will have to learn how to keep tech
nology employed without disemploy-
Ing men" he said.
With both agriculture and in
dustrys capable of producing vastly
more than ever before, machinery
and other technical facilities tend
to displace manpower unless the
market increases. Temporarily, new
techniques may eliminate some jobs
and necessitate job readjustments.
Merely to use technology for
labor saving, without knowing how
to re-employ the labor saved, leads
us into trouble.
Demand May Not Hold.
"Our economy is now so vigor-
ous," the secretary said, that some
may suppose the problem of fully
employing both technology and
manpower is solving itself. But we
should not assume that. The pres
ent rate of industrial employment,
with the associated high farm ac-
tivity, may not last.
Neither industry nor agriculture
can slow down the march of it's
technology for the sake of provid-
ing jobs. Any such action would
confess failure to solve the real en-
ployment problem.
agriculture cannot 60 back; les
sened efficiency would ruinously in
crease farm costs and lower farm
profits. Full employment must give
scope for technology and manpoWer
together, without break in the use
of either. We ought not to be con-
tent with anything short of that,
much less with mere choice be-
tween efficiency and full employ
ment. We need scope for all eco
nonlic powers - those created by
science and invention as well as
those inherent in manpower and
natural resources"
International View Basic.
Mr.. Anderson said statesmen and
economists agree on one important
point-that full employment for
both manpower and technology pre-
supposes international action. Self
containment, he said, cannot give
scope enough.
"Our farmers especially indorse
this principle the Secretary said
They produce more than the United
States itself requires and conse-
quently need a world market. Where
the United States as whole stands
is evident from what it is doing for
world rehabilitation"
MIR. Anderson termed American
food exports building stones of
peace, and added that this country
will have to continue to send food
abroad. 1t is well to bear in mind,
he continued. that relief and other
export food serves the national in
terest as truly as food consumed
at home.
The Secretary said the efforts of
the United Nations Food and Agri-
culture Organization to develop an
international food program were
among the most significant and
promising" of 1916 developments.
Through FAO,s efforts to improve
distribution and to increase pro-
ductivity and to raise living levels
all over the world, he said, we can
find the outlets we must have If we
are to enjoy continued prosperity
based on full production.
Mr., Anderson said that maximum
agricultural output mas not yet been
reached by American farmers, Fur
ther replacement of horse and mule
power by tractor power will release
more land for food production, he
said, while further cropland in
creases may be achieved through
draining, clearing and irrigation.
New farm machines and tools and
improvements in old-type machines
are becoming increasingly available,
he said.