davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02

Lie new law pAo'ioNo Aiiot ~
Facilitate the transportation Of
letters in the mail the Postmaster
General be authorized to prepare
postage stamps which, when at
tached to any letter or packet,
shall be evidence Of the payment
of the postage chargeable on such
letter ..'
Some Post Office department
officials thought the scheme daft,
but in the next 100 years it pro
duced 656 billion postage stamps
and established a national hobby
on a scale second to none.
The law went on to say that 1T
shall not be legal for any deputy
postmaster Qocal postmaster) to
lprepare or use Or dispose of any
postage stamps not authorized by
and received from the postmaster
general"
Postage stamps had been in use
for some time, but they were not
federal labels. They we're stamps
issued by Individual postmasters
in various cities for their particu-
lar territories.
These postmasters' "provision-
ais" today are the delight of phil
atelists. Some r valued at more
than $4,000.
Actually, few of the hundreds of
deputy postmasters put out PRO
visionals." The majority was
content with the old fashioned
method of mark with a pen in the
upper right hand corner of the
letter the figure SIS" or whatever
number of pennies paid.
After the March 3, 1847, act
postmasters' PROFESSIONALS became
Illegal.
The first federal postage labels,
issued July l, 1847, were the IA
NOUS. Franklin five-cent and the
Washington 10-cent. In May OF
this year, the Post Office depart
ment will issue a three-cent special
delivery-size stamp, a special SOU
venir sheet ~portraying the original
designs and a five-cent air mail
envelope to commemorate those
first two postage stamps.
The original Franklin aud Wash
nigton issue was not printed b.
the government. Not until 1894
did the government set up its
Bureau of Engraving and Printing
Before that all printing of stamps
was done by private firms. Mos
active was the American Banknote
Co., Of New York.
There was not much talk about
those first two stamps. The pub.
lie was generally apathetic. News.
papers took little interest. Some
people feared that the adhesive
on the back might be poisonous.
Others thought the whole business
stupid.
The l847- issue, out of print in
1851, brought a total of
only 1925, 900 from the 4 ID mil
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02

lion fives and one million tens.
| (the latter, mostly used for over
seas mailing, is now worth $1,000,
unused, approximate three times
the value of the Franklin five).
These stamps were not perforat-
LED. Usually appearing in sheets,
Or panes, of 100, early stamps had
to be scissored apart. The first
perforated labels were delivered
Feb. "a, 1857.
Before 1847 letters for the most
lpart were sent collect on delivery.
Many refused by the ad-
dresses. They were returned to the
writer, who might refuse to pay
too.
The result was an appalling loss
of revenue and a lot of work by
postal employees with nothing to
show for it. Postmasters, of
course, were accountable for reve-
nue., but there was no effective
auditing system.
Private posts and merchants did
much of the letter carrying. Col
|lectively they offered substantial
competition to the federal post Of
flee. But merchants, whose bust
ness depended to a large degree on
efficient postal service, suffered
from the disorganized conditions.
At first the new stamps didn't
help much. Letter writer's could
still send mail COD, and this is
thought to be the primary reason
for the disappointing showing.
In March, 1855 Congress made it
Illegal to send un-prepaid letters
through the mails. Two years be-
fore that the government had is
sued the first stamped envelopes.
Since the Franklin and Washing
ton originals, the Postoffice De-
partment has issued over 700 diff
ferent types Of postage stamps,
from the 1-2-cent Nathan Hale OF
1925 to the high-priced S. variety,
first introduced as part of the
Columbian Exposition series of
1893.
Many of these stamps portray
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02

he served in the Infantry and
Transportation Corps for three
years, and was honorably dis
charged as a captain in the
Transportation Corps.
Following the army service,
HERS became traffic manager for
the Southeastern Compress and
Warehouse company, which had
cotton a d general merchandise
warehouse a n d storage facilities
in North Carolina, South Carolina,
Georgia, Florida and Alabama.
He lived in Atlanta, where the
main office was located, but
travelled in all the above states.
HERS next served as district
traffic manager in Atlanta for the
Cotton Sterilization Corporation
and the American Cotton Cooper
alive Association. He left Atlanta
to accept a position as director
of warehouses with the same or
CARNATIONS. Living in New
Orleans, he had charge of 1475
warehouses at various points in
the United States.
Later HERS accepted the
management of a cotton and
merchandise storage d termi-
nal facility at Gulfport, Miss,
then next the management of a
joint agency of the French Line
and the scandinavian : American
Line in Memphis.
From Memphis he came tc vii
r2ington as executive general
Commission and the interstate
Commerce Commission. and a
member of the Association of ICC
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02
LABOR ABUSES
ARE MADE PUBLIC
Union Officials Scheduled
To Be Called To An
swer Charges

WASHINGTON, March l. -lP)-
Chairman Hartley GRIND OF the
House Labor Committee made
public today a list of complaints
against labor union practices and
said many union officials will be
called to reply.
The list was made up from
testimony of committee witnesses
in hearings on proposed new
labor laws.
It gives the union and the
locality, and the last column is
headed abuse" No distinction is
made between Illegal practices
and practices which the witnesses
want Congress to make illegal.
Hartley said the officials to be
called will include James c. Pet
rillo. president of the AFL Musi
clans; and James Hoffa, ALL
Transfers president in Detroit.
The unions listed include:
AFL United Mine Workers on a
National basis (the ''abuse" listed
was coercion by strike to force
royalty").
CLIO Steelworkers at Chicago
("Monopolistic practices industry
wide').
CLIO Auto Workers at Dearborn
Mich ("coercion'D.
AFL Transfers at Detroit cat
tempted organization of retail
meat dealers by force'D.
AFL International Brotherhood
of Electrical Workers ("Sec.
ondary Boycott'O.
Hartley told reporters the com
niittee will subpoena union offici-
ais who refuse invitations to test
fy.
This phase of the committees
inquiry - investigation of com
plants against unions - may
continue long after the committee
has written the labor legislation
which it will recommend to the
House.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02
BY ELIZABETH OTIS
Star-NeWs Staff Writer

Prominent throughout the South
in traffic, warehousing and ship
ping circles, J. T. HERS came to
Wilmington - years ago when
the Wilmington Port Commission
was organized.
The commissions executive, a
native South Carolinian, has lived
in a half-dozen different cities be-
low the Mason-Dixon line.
Following h S graduation from
Clemson College, HERS took a
course at the Southern Com
mercia1 School in Charleston.
He progressed to chief rate
clerk while working in the
Freight Traffic Department OF the
Seaboard Airline railroad, HERS
left this position in May 1917 to
enter the first Officer Training
camp at Fort Oglethorpe, Ga.
After receiving his commission
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02
Heirs Has Devoted
Life In Rate Work

agent of the Port Commission
with an endorsement from a
prominent member of h e Inter.
state Commerce Commission,
who later became chairman Of
the federal agency.
In his varied activity to devel-
op and increase the flow of water
borne commerce through Will
mington, HERS pioneered in the
advocacy of adequate, modern
terminal facilities a t Wilmington
by submitting a full report on this
matter with recommendations to
the Wilmington Port Commission
in July 1887. His original plan is
presently having the active
support Of several State organi-
cations, which are endeavoring to
provide these facilities under a
State plaa of financing and
control.
HERS is a registered practition-
err before the U. S. Maritime
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02

significant events Of history dell
cate1y engraved with the greatest
care for detail. Philatelists can
trace the history of Christopher
Columbus new world expeditions
from the time when he pleaded
with Queen Isabella to when he
discovered land and on to when
he was brought back to Spain in
chains. These stamps were issued
IN connection with the Columbian
Exposition in Chicago in 1843 ceie-
oratlng the 400th anniversary Of
columbus discovery.
The Columbian exposition issue
was the first in a long line OF
commemorative. Henry Hudson
discovering the Hudson river, Rob,
lert Fulton taking the first steam.
boat up the same river, the land.
ing of the Pilgrims, the signing OF
the declaration of independent =
these and many other historical
incidents have been stamp sub
fleets.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02
VETS ASSAIL

OLYMPIA, Wash, March Up
Veterans pitched tents on the
Washington State Capitol lawn to-
day as hundreds of persons massed
at the statehouse to protest what
leaders called "butchery of the
peoples legislation"
The veterans, members Of the
American Veterans Committee.
said they we're seeking housing and
state rent control legislation.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02
Baby Boy Born
To Hedy Lamar,

HOLLYWOOD, March l - P)-
Hedy Lamar, dark haired screen
star, gave birth to a baby boy
weighing sever pounds IA ounces,
by caesarean operation today. She
is the wife of actor John Loder.
Miss Lamar entered Good Sa.
marian Hospital last night and
went into the operating room al
8:15 a. m. today. Her beaming
husband said the condition of both
mother and son was wonderful"
He will be named Anthony, John,
Loder said.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02

NOTICE
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA,
COUNTY OF NEW HANOVER.
IN THE SUPERIOR COURT
GLORIA j. AUSTIN
VS..
WILLIAM ]. AUSTIN, alias
WILLIAM A. WHITE
The Defendant above named, WILL
LIAM J. AUSTIN. alias WILLIAM A
WHITE, will take notice that an action
entitled as above has been commenced
in the Superior court of New Hanover
county, North Carolina, the said action
is for absolute divorce on the grounds
of two years separation; that the said
Defendant will further take notice that
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02
ADMINISTRATORS NOTICE

ADMINISTRATORS NOTICE
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA.
COUNTY OF NEW HANOVER:
Having qualified as administrator of
the estate of Miss Mollie Raynor, deceas-
ed, late of New Hanover County. North
Carolina, this is to notify all persons
having claims against the estate of said
deceased to exhibit them to the under
9th day of February, 1948, or this no.
tice will be pleaded in bar of their re-
covery. All persons indebted to said
estate will please make immediate pay
.nent.
This 9th day of February, 1947.
DEXTER RAYNOR.
Administrator Estate
MISS MOLLIE RAYNOR
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02
180-Legal

Clerk of the Superior court of New
Hanover county, North Carolina, at his
office in the City of Wilmington, in said
State, on or before twenty-seven days
after the 18th day of March, l947, and
answer or demur to the complaint OF
the plaintiff in said action or the plain
tiff will thereafter apply to the Superior
court in said county and state for the
relief demanded in said complaint.
This the 18th day of February, 1947.
A. L. MEYLAND,
Clerk of Superior Court
By: Lois J. Ward, Asst
Clerk Superior Court
w. L.. Farmer. Attorney for Plaintiff.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02
Charlotte Couple
Freed In Slo,;;,

CHARLOTTE, March
Worth B. crowell and Fac
fatal shooting of Herman IN h.
here last Jan. 20. eatinovs,
A Mecklenburg COUNTY g.
Court jury, deliberating to Supsrior
yesterday, returned louT hour,
citing the two of cbargo ,eFolct &c.
overs death. on IN Satin.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02
STATE JAYCEES MEET

GREENSBORO, March 1-P)-
Members of the North Carolina
Junior Chamber of Commerce
gathered tere today for a meeting
of the organization's state board
of directors. Some 400 Jaycees
were expected.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02

FOR SALE

Brick Home on Carolina Ave.
Sunset Park. Excellent loca'
ton. Furnace heat.
a15 So. 9th ST., 8 rooms anu
bath. Recent repairs make
this an ideal home. Prlceo
low. Immediate possession
Z Small Farms, Gordon ROAD
with Homes. Priced low I'M
mediate possession.
Valuable Sites for Home or
Business on New virgins,
Vile Highway, $1,000. and
up. No restrictions.
Several tracts Good Land IN
New Hanover, at $40. per
MONIES for Colored at very
reasonable prices.
Dial 2-3432-Early Monday
w. A. McGlRT,
REALTOR
n S. McGirt-Roger Greenlea1
215 Princess Street
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02
1S0-Legal.
ADMINISTRATOR NOTICE TO
CREDITORS

CREDITORS
Having qualified as Administrative, of
the estate of Herbert Mills Williams,
deceased. late of New hanover county.
North Carolina. this is to notify all
nersons h a v i n G claims against the
estate OF the deceased to exhibit them
to the undersigned at 205 No. 18th st.
on or before the 18th day of January
1s48. or this notice will be pleaded ir
bar of their recovery,
All persons indebted to said estate
will please make immediate settlement
This 18th day of January, 1947.
VIVIAN w. ALLEN,
Administrative of Estate of
HERBERT MILLS WILLIAMS,
deceased.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02
Since The First Label
656 Billion Stamps Used
By ROWLAND EVANS, JR.

WASHINGTON, March 1EP-Newspapers Of that
day scarcely mentioned it, but 100 years ago Monday, Pres
ident James K. Polk signed an act creating the first federal
postage LABEL" or stamp, in this country.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02

Three quarters of the maple
syrup and sugar produced in the
United States come from Vermont
and New York.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-02

CLASSIFIED DISPLAY
Evening star., 1947-11-09
7 Killed, 16 Hurt as 7 Car,
Pile Up in Dense Smoke
gy the Assocjoted Press

STOCKTON, Callif., Nov. ga
man and his wife were killed, 16
persons were burned ands sswo buses
and four passenger cars were con-
verted into molten wreckage today
as dense smoke blacked out United
States Highway so and caused a
seven-car pile up.
The dead were Pedro Yroz and
his wife, Joaquina, of Stockton.
The first crash occurred at 7:35
am. about 10 miles south of Stock
ton. The Yroz car collided headon
with another, highway patrolmen
reported, and both burst into flames
Then came crash after crash in
rapid succession. One bounced out
Of the circle of fire into a field and
was not burned.
Traffic was snarled for more than
two hours while highway patrolmen
ambulance crews and volunteers
worked to put out flames, give
emergency aid and clear away
wreckage.
Highway patrolmen said the burn
ing of IL piles of green asparagus
tops created the smoke screen.
Evening star., 1947-11-09
Car Plunge in Virginia
futuI to D. 6. Women
BY the Assoeioisd Press

LIVINGSTON, Va. Nov. s.
Mrs. Mary Dale Harris. SO, of 3l4
Seventeenth place NE, Washington,
was killed today when an auto
mobile operated by her husband,
John w. Harris, plunged down an
embarkment and overturned, pin
ming her beneath it, State Police
reported.
Mr.. and Mrs. Harris were visiting
relatives in the area. State Trooper
w. H. Good said.
The officer said that the Harris
automobile. 1929 roadster. dropped
about 13 feet after leaving narrow
road at Buck Creek. about 10 miles
north of here. Mrs. Harris body
was taken to Charlottesville
mortuary.
Mrs. Harris, a Washington resi-
dent since she was girl, is sur
vived by two daughters, Mrs. Irving
T. Headley, Washington, and Mrs.
Lucy Faber, Sarasota, Fla, and two
sons, William Dale, Washington,
and Richard Dale of near Gathers
burg, Md.
Evening star., 1947-11-09
Irish and Penn
| Still Undefeoted::
Tech Edqes Navy

Notre Dame and Army ended their
34-year-old grid series yesterday
with att Irish triumph that over
shadowed spectacular events on
other college football fields. The
win kept Notre Danes in the ranks
of the unbeaten
Bad weather contributed in hold
ing scores down in various sections
Of the country.
Georgia Tech had to get a last
period touchdown to halt Navy, 16-
IA, and Penn remained undefeated
while removing Virginia from that
status, 1877. Locally. Catholic Uni
versity topped Mount st. Mary's,
$50, and Hampton defeated How
ard, 1918. Maryland, playing
Duquesne at Pittsburgh, won 800
as its star halfback. Lu Gambino
scored three more touchdowns to
run his season point total to/84
In the Midwest, Ohio State
knocked off Northwestern, 7 to 8,
with a touchdown and an extra
point that came fully minutes
after the final gun. Penalties and
spectators on the field kept the ball
in play although the game was over.
Wisconsin disposed of Iowa, 46-14;
Michigan beat Indiana, $50. and
Minnesota defeated Purdue, 1921.
In the Southern section, North
Carolina won over North Carolina
State. Ais: v. M. I. 2o-point rally.
in the last quarter fell short apd
William and Mary won, % to 20.
"Details TN Sports Section.)
Evening star., 1947-11-09
| What theRussions
| Are Saying ofUs:

The Mosco,O radio, broadcnstir,g
French to Europe, said:
The European union planned
by United States imperialists
means that Western European
countries will be made into docile
instruments of American impe-
rialism. That is what Is really
behind the Marshall plan and the
trips recently made by United
States Senator's throughout Eu-
rope, with the exception of coun-
tries which refused to allow them
entry.
Thus Churchil's plan for a
United States of Europe, con-
ceived for the purpose of allow
ing British policy to play pre-
dominant part in Europe. has
only served as the springboard
for United States imperialism,
which wants to transform West
ern Europe into a United States
protectorate. and European states,
including Britain, into subordi-
nate states of the dollar repub-
lie. The European nations are
beginning to realize more and
more clearly that the United
states plan. as well as Churchill's
man for uniting Europe, are moth
ing but an imperialist scheme for
the enslavement of Europe"
Evening star., 1947-11-09
Costing { $5'75o'ooo,ooo ?;0{SS2 in 4S
Urqed by Hartman Committee
A Disqroce to WASHINGTON
By Miriom Gutenberg

In the psychopathc division of Gainger Hospital they
still manacle patients to their beds.
boy of II lives in ward with alcoholics in the throes
of delirium tremens and perverts.
who tried to take her life is observed" to
mentally goes
treatment.
are some things reporter found on
visit to learn how the city its mentally i'll.
There young with wrist strapped to bed
piece of window glass
Although these wards cases. the window pane are
breakable glass.
girl admitted observation"
overdose of sleeping pills Coming out of the mans land
between life and DEATH her body pitched with convuons
wrists ankles bound tightly with leather
in YorkI Is Different.
If the girl had been admitted to city hospital in New York,
She would have been bath in edave
relax mind and body.
Gallngers pychopathc division
the reporter found:
get strapped Immediately
shipped off to St Ezabehs Hospaeven the disturbance
is only temporary
Behind the locked doors of ward there attendant
alone with 40 Some of the strapped their beds
patient attacked strapped and
helpless when attendant around the other patients
would pull off the attacker
suffering breakdown from overwork finds
at night the nightmare ridden patients within
than 40
The admitting overcrowded. Beds fill what
day The only sit bench in
dmit hail.
to Gain Admittance
the past weeks they losing
alcoholism applied admission turned
down. They got suicide attempts.
Then they admitted The chief psychatr said many
turned
young observation for suicide attempt has
other patients Visitors
seeing their relatives privacy
Sometimes other patients Then the neigh
about it.
heavyet fighting haucinaions to be carried
up steep flights Patients climb and down
bathe and attendants have
the patients all the food and linen and down
those they have worked
parts hospital former patients visit clinics
periodically fully recovered But there is
whose mind has not fully recovered
parts hospital, visiting doctors from the
patients But in the psychopahic wards
patients visiting experts schools they
don't practices There vacancies
on the staff psychopathc
division of Galinger Hospital
Why the Galinger psychopahic diuson is the
if
Evening star., 1947-11-09
Labor Suffers Setback
In Australian Votinq
BY the Assoeioisd Press

SYDNEY, Australia, Sunday, Nov.
9.-Labor Premier John Cain of the
state of Victoria early today con-
ceded yesterdays legislative election
to an opposition coalition composed
of the Liberal and Country Parties.
Liberal Party Leader Thomas T.
Hollway, who is likely to form a
new government. said, THE vote is
the clearest indication that people
don't want banking naturalization. "
The opposition had made a cam
paign issue of the commonwealth
labor governments plan to nation
alize banks, for which bill now Is
in second reading in the lower
house of Parliament in Canberra.
Indications were that Labor had
suffered its worst political setback
in years. At the close of vote count
ing at midnight, the Labor Party
appeared to have lost IA Of its seats
in the state legislative assembly, in
Guiding at least three held by min
isters. The Liberal and Country
Parties appeared to have gained Is.
Robert Gordon Menzies, Federal
Liberal Party leader, said, Its the
biggest Labor defeat since the 1881
federal election"
Evening star., 1947-11-09
DC. May Act 10 Close
Bunch Death Probe as
Report Clears Police
Charges Of Abuse, Neglect
Rejected by Justice Unit;
Family to Ask Bucks Aid
Partial tert of Bunch report,
Page A-8.

District authorities may take
steps tomorrow to wind up the
investigation into the death of
John Forrest Bunch after the
Justice Department yesterday
rejected charges that the Ga
year-old carpenter was beaten,
abused or neglected by police
while under arrest for intoxica-
ton on July 20, six days before
he died in Gallinger Hospital of
a fractured skull.
The next move in the case ap-
pears to be up to United States At
torney George Morris Fay, who with
members of his staff has been study
ing the 36-page report of the Civil
Rights Section of the Criminal Divi-
sion over the weekend The report
not only absolved the Police Depart
ment of blame, but declared there
was no evidence of any attempt to
suppress information.
With the Federal Government
satisfied that Mr.. Bunch's civil
rights could not have been abused,
the remaining questions to be de-
cided by Mr. Fay's Office are wheth-
er there now is any new evidence to
warrant recalling a coroner's jury
or presentation to the grand jury.
Daughter Speaks for Family.
Miss Marian Bunch, a daughter
of Mr.. Bunch, issued statement for
the family last night in which she
declared the justice report merely
reinforced the belief of relatives that
negligence and mistreatment" led
to the death.
In making the statement, Miss