davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13
Drought
Certain to Return


Agricultural Department officials in
Washington warned farmers this
week that destructive droughts and
dust storms will return to the great
plains sooner or later. They may
come this year, or not for 20 years,
but it is probable, the Department
said, that they will come within five
years.
When they do come, they are likely
to be- more severe and destructive.
the Department forecast, than those
of the '30s which destroyed millions
of acres of rich land and ruined thou
sands of farmers.
Many farmers and ranchers, the De-
partment said are trying to get ready
for the next drought because they
know it. is coming. Others, it noted,
are just hoping it won't happen
again."
The time to prepare. for drought,
the Department advised, is when
there is moisture.
A new bulletin of the Soil Con-
servation Service, urges farmers in
the plains to put more land to grass
and plant more trees for windbreaks.
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13
Saga
One-Womun Town

The little town of Soap Lake, Wash,
is located beside lake which tastes
like it sounds-but won't make suds.
1t also has a 270-pound mayor, Mrs
Maggie Waltho. This week it gained
another distinction "a 270 pound
marshal, Mrs. Waltho. .
maggie the Mayor" fired the town
marshal last week and took away his
station wagon with the observation:
"A woman can take care of this one
horse town. I'll be the marshal until
a better one comes along"
The ex-marshal wouldn't comment
but his wife said it all grew out of a
raid on two taverns in which 10
punchboards were confscated. The
mayor denied it Indignantly and said
she had asked for the marshals resig-
nation month ago.
"In fourth-class town, what the
mayor says goes," said she, "and it's
the town marshal that goes this time" "
The mayors pay is So twice a
m On tn. Mayor Waltho said she
wouldn't even try to draw. tn e
marshaps 5000 monthly pay because
"you can't collect two salaries-not in
Soap Lake"
There's always a county deputy
sheriff around Saturday nights, just
in case any of the boys at the taverns
get out of hand.
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13

such an aggression. So long as there
is no system for inspecting the atomic
activities of every country, there can
be no certain security. :
Without such safeguards, recon-
mended the commission, the United
States must not only retain the atomic
bomb, but must proceed actively with
its further development and produc-
ton.
Among the Big Five powers, the
us. stands alone, said the report, in
providing no compulsory military
training. Russia, Britain and France
require service in their armies, and
China enforces partial conscription.
Only six foreign countries-out oi
81 which maintain armies-rely
wholly on volunteers to man peace.
time armies and navies as does this
country. They are Australia, Canada
Fire, India, New Zealand and the
Dominican Republic.
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13
Study.
Dissecfinq Prejudice


Prejudice against Negroes is
means of making them the goats"
for ones own character faults, claims
DIR. Else Frenkel Brunswik, Univer-
sity of California psychologist, on the
basis of public opinion survey.
Persons with inclinations toward
laziness, uncleanliness or thoughts
about sex which they do not like to
admit, even to themselves, may try to
clear their consciences by nursing a
disapproval of people whom they con-
slider more appropriate for the role,
reported DR.. Brunswik.
Negroes and certain foreigners
make good targets for these feelings
because they are submerged minori-
ties"-that is, economically or socially
underprivileged and therefore ex-
posed to lower standards of living,
which makes it easier to attribute to
them lower standards of behavior.
Expressions of prejudice often are
so contradictory, DR.. Brunswik found
that minorities could not possibly con-
duct themselves in a manner above
reproach. The Jews, for instance, are
often accused of being too clannisf
and at the same time too gregarious
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13
Hot Shots

. In Baltimore, Neal Carrigan, 80,
using a spool of thin wire to fly kite
for his two children, was electrocuted
when the wire came in contact with
a high tension line.
. The graduating class of Lower
Merton, Pa, High School will make
its entry at commencement exercises
to the music of juke box. 1t is the
idea of DR.. c. w. Gilbert, principal.
after hearing Kate Smiths recording
of "After Graduation Day."
. In New York City, bathing suit
of transparent plastic, with certain
opaque decorations, was displayed at
the International Textile Exposition.
. George Bernard Shaw. invited to
send message to a World Youth
Congress in Prague, replied: Read
my books (they are all in PRINT and
leave me to die in peace"
. In Los Angeles, an airline con-
tracted to deliver 100000 tomato
plants to Detroit in eight plane loads.
Bad weather delayed the flight and
the plants grew from a weight of | Il
pounds per 100 to 21s pounds. This
airline had to make IA plane loads.
Q A British woman sent some stamp,
to a dealer, hoping they would be
worth a few pennies, and learned
they were overprinted Edward VII
issues-worth up to 5000 pound,
(S20.000).
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13

adoption of an eight-point security
program costing billions of dollars.
In addition to compulsory military
training, it would include:
A strong, physically-healthy, eco
nomically-healthy, educated and
united population; a co-ordinated in
telligence service; scientific research
and development; industrial mobiliza-
tion and stockpiling of essential ma
terials; mobile striking force; an
Army, Navy, Air Force and Marine
Corps able to capture strategic bases
anywhere in the world, and immedi-
ate unifcation of the armed services
under single command.
No Security With Veto
So long as any great nation has the
power to stop by veto any proposed
United Nations action against it as an
aggressor, said the report, the United
Nations cannot protect itself against
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13
Science
Mining by Fire

Industrial experts have long spec
ulated that there must be much
more efficient method for claiming
the energy in coal than traditional
mining.
Under the spur of war, Russia was
the first country to begin experiments.
Belgium has another project under
way and England is considering SIM
liar research.
Recently the U. S. Bureau of Mines
completed four-months Alabama ex-
pertinent in Justification of coal that
has turned up fascinating possibilities
of mining coal by fire rather than by
man and machinery.
The Alabama experiment, at the
Gorgas mine of the Alabama Power
Company, produced some gas of
very good heating value" and quan-
titles of relatively low grade gas.
Long, Slow Process
''This is merely the first experiment
in what must necessarily be a long,
slow process of development" said
DR.. "A. C. Fieldner, chief of the fuels
and explosives branch of the federal
mine bureau. The first attempt, gen.
orally speaking, was success, he
said
Goal Justification" said Dr. Field
ner, might do away, to a great ex-
tent, with mining of coal and might
provide a much greater recovery. II
might mean saving the lives of many
who now work underground, al
though the technique would bring its
own danger-the possibility of as
phyxiation.
1T might enable us to utilize vas
bodies of coal now too thin or poor
in quality for use as fuel"
Preparatory work on the Alabam;
experiment began last fall A par
, of the Gorgas mine was fired with in
cendiary mines January 81. The bias
: of air through ducts into the Goa
: vein was halted March IL and steam
l was turned on to cool the burnin
!. coal.
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13
Hungary
Blueprint for q Coup

DiUePflnI TOT q SOuP
The Communist coup in Budapest,
which brought about suspension by
the u. S. State Department of a
$15,000,000 balance in the $30,000,000
credit granted Hungary, exemplifies
the pattern by which militant minori-
ties can take over a democratic form
of government.
The conquest may be a "clear call
to trial in the forum of the United
Nations" said Sen. Arthur Vanden-
berg.
Two years ago in the general cleo
tions, the Small Holders Party, COM
posed of conservative anti-Commun-
lists, won 222 seats in the National
Assembly to 70 for the Communists.
.Ferenc Macy, Small Holders leader,
became premier but Communist be-
came Minister of the Interior in his
cabinet, with control of police.
Last January, the Minister of the
Interior discovered what he called a
pilot" to restore the prewar dictator
ship of Nicholas Horthy. Many of the
"plotters" turned out to be members
of the Small Holders Party. The
purge has continued steadily since
with a rumored 5000 under arrest.
Ten days ago with Macy vacation
ing in Switzerland, Russian occupa-
ton authorities produced an affidavit
duplicating the premier himself in
the 'plot." At the request of Mos
cow, Lajos Dinnyes, minister of war;
was named premier after Macy tele-
phoned his resignation and sent for
his wife and child to join him in exile
in Switzerland.
Diplomats in Washington point out
that the Soviet move in Hungary ha:
created exactly the situation the
President had in mind in expoundin&
his Truman doctrine
Practically, however, the Truman
doctrine stops at the Iron Curtain.
In all areas where the Soviet Arm.
: is in actual occupation, American ant
British aid is limited to diplomati
, notes of protest, occasional loans ant
grants, and such public opinion a
: they can muster.
! The real political battle, therefore
: is being fought not in Soviet-occupie
5 areas but in those countries just out
side the Iron Curtain" - Greece
r Turkey, France, Italy and Germany
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13

of dominion status with a governor
general-undoubtedly Viscount Louis
Mountbatten, Britain's last viceroy-
acting as technical head of each state.
Viceroy Mountbatten and leaders of
the three major Indian groups-M. A.
Jinnah for the Moslems, Jawaharlal
Nehru for the Hindus and Baldev
Singh for the Sikhs-broadcast ap-
peals for peace among religious fac
tions while the problems are being
worked out. .
While Hindus and Moslems agreed
to divide, the princely states which
contain almost half of the country's
territory, stood by largely as specta-
tors. But their fate is inevitably
linked to the decision. Except for
perhaps three, none of the princely
states has the resources or promise of
stability to permit independent exist
ence after the British withdraw.
Divided India
Divided India will look something
like this:
Hindustan will contain 198.000,000
people. In addition, there will be
about 85,000,00O in the princely states
within its borders.
Pakistan (Moslem) will contain
about 57,OO0,OO0 people and about
100000 others of the princely states.
Pakistan will be divided into two
widely separated sections: the Punjab
in the northwest and east Bengal.
Planes and railroads will be the only
links between the two
The greatest agricultural and in
dustrial wealth will be in Hindustan,
including India's three largest cities.
Bombay, Calcutta, Madras, and the
national capital of New Delhi.
Compromise All Around
The final decision represents COM
promise all around. The Hindus. who
outnumber Moslems almost three to
one, wanted a united India. They had
to accept partition as the only means
of getting the Moslem League to ac-
cept British proposals for independ-
ence.
The Moslems wanted Pakistan to
include all the rich Punjab and all of
Bengal, including the port of Calcutta.
The bearded Sikhs, tall and warlike
, peoples living in southern Punjab,
, chose to enter Hindustan. They had
, to agree, however, to dividing line
. which meant that 100000 of their
100000 people would be cut off in
territory ruled by their ancient ene-
mics, the Moslems.
T The British wanted India to remain
united within the empire. Part of that
= goal may yet be realized. Any of the
:. states that may be created have the
J., option of joining the Commonwealth
r as a dominion.
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13
TRAINING: Must U.S.. Adopt It !?

TRADITIONALLY, the United
i States has scorned the Old
World custom of maintaining
huge standing armies for defense.
American reliance has always
been upon volunteers springing
to the defense of their country in
time of need.
Modern warfare, however, leaves
no time for training masses of raw
recruits. Military authorities say the
decision in any future conflict will be
determined by the American ability
to react within the first 60 days rather
than the 18th, 18th, or oath month, as
in past wars.
A presidential commission this week
recommended that the government
institute compulsory military train
ing for all males at the age of 18 or
on completing high school. The COM
mission said that the United States
must spend from $1,75O,0OO to $2,OOO,-
900 year on this alone and billions
more on preparedness or it would in
vite determination in atomic warfare.
The commission, headed by DR..
Karl T. Compton, president of Mas
sachusetts Institute of Technology,
took five months to hear more than
200 witnesses before reaching its
unanimous decision.
A Prewar Not Postwar Era
Some of their conclusions:
America can expect only four to
10 years immunity from a sneak
atomic attack. After that an attack
could hit with indescribable fury
and the nation would need trained
men in every part of the country
able to meet disorder, sabotage and
even invasion.
The Army has been dismantled
and our military forces are hOl-
low she'll
The precipitate drop in military
readiness will have the Inevitable
effect of encouraging those to
whom weakness on the part of the
peace loving nations is a passport
to aggression.
The commission recommended
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13
Food Must
Go Abroad

THE United States, which be-
i came the breadbasket as we'll
as the arsenal of the democracies
in time of war, must continue to
supply food to war-dislocated
Allies and occupied countries dur
ing the third year of peacetime
harvests.
The international Emergency Food
Council, inter government agency
which divides scarce foods among
importing countries, has termed the
need in this pre-harvest period more
urgent in some countries than year
ago.
. Former President Herbert Hoover,
. back from survey of western
European countries, reported harvests
in many foreign countries would be
below prewar standards because of
the scarcity of fertilizer and modern
farm machinery. The 1947 grain crop
in Greece will be considerably small
er than last years subpar harvest be-
cause of drought damage.
Record Winter Wheat Crop
Meanwhile harvesting of American
winter wheat began this week in
northern Texas and the giant har-
vesters will thresh their way steadily
northward into the great wheat belt
o. the prairie states. A record billion
bushel winter wheat crop is virtually
assured.
Government buying of 1947 wheat
for shipment abroad will get under
way within week or 10 days. The
government already has promised to
ship several million bushels to oc-
.cupied Germany in July. This grain
mist be bought in June.
The wet, cool spring, however, has
seriously hampered sowing of such
vital grains as corn, oats and barley
and delayed the planting of soybeans
an important source of scarce food
fats. r..
These factors, officials contend
should emphasize President Truman.
request that Congress continue fol
another year the governments au.
thority to control export of scarce
foods, now scheduled to expir,
June 80.
Call Controls Necessary
Should Congress fail to extend thi
authority, foreign countries coult
buy all the food they want-withil
their ability to pay. With this year
world crop of cereals certain to b.
far short of demands, unrestricte,
foreign buying would deplete Amer
lean supplies of wheat and corn an'
send prices soaring.
Furthermore, these officials con
tend, the nations livestock produc
tion program could be disrupted
Many European nations, hampere
by shortage of feed grains such a
corn and protein meals, would ex
pand their livestock production
they could buy American feed. q
The prospects would not be so un
favorable if this country were as
sured of large crops of corn, soybean
oats and other grains from whic
livestock feeds come. Late plantin
may still bring huge yields of cor
and soybeans, but there is always tn
danger that an early fall frost ma
damage late maturing crops.
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13
In Short

Appointed: James F. Byrnes, for
mer Secretary of State, as counsel for
the motion picture industry.
Authorized: Helicopter mail and
express service for Los Angeles, by
the Civil Aeronautics Board, in the
first action of its kind in the US.
Asserted: BY the Russian magazine
Ne,O Times, that the US. is importing
uranium from the Belgian Congo.
Rejected: By the Supreme Court
the appeal of Mayor James M. Curley
of Boston from a mail fraud convic'
ton.
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13

euil H all, tn e
cradle of AmeriH
can liberty"
Douglas S c h an
dler, So, former
Baltimore newspa-
perman who served
his country in the
Navy in World
War I, is accused
of lending his voice,
under the pseudo
nym Paul Revere u
to Nazi radio pro-
grams during the
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13
Dates

Monday, June 9
American Medical Association
opens five-day convention in
Atlantic City.
Thursday, June IL
us. Open Golf Championship
begins in St. Louis.
Saturday, June IA
Flag Day.
Sunday. June Is
Fathers Day.
Infantry Day.
Federal Income Tax (second
payment due).
Pioneer Day Idaho).
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13
Statistics
Veterans Bloc

War veterans and their families
now make up one-third of the popu-
lation and within five years they will
account for 43 percent, according to
the Veterans Administration.
Thereafter, unless new wars change
the rate, the veteran-family popula-
ton will level off and then gradually
decline.
VA computed the January l, 1947,
veteran-family population at 46,000,-
900 or 80 percent of the nations total.
1t forecast for January l, 1852, 62,300,-
600 or 43 percent, and for January /,
1857, 62,500,000 or Al percent.
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13
Quotes

DR.. Kurt Schumacher, leader
of the German Social Democratic
Party: II say to the Russians,
Europe must be democratic.
say to the United States, Europe
must also be socialistic."
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower to
81 West Point graduating cadets:
War is mankind's most tragic
and stupid folly. The true
soldier of America is a leader
for world cooperation"
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13
Britain TO Withdraw
From India This Yeur

TT WAS one of the most mmentous weeks in ndia long, strife
torn and bloody history Britain after of rule
promised surrender control the to the Indians this
The 40000000 ndianssecond populous the
world-wil divide into Moslem and non-Mosem states
Under the independence plan there
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13

DR. KARL COMPTON, president Of Massachusetts Institute
Of Technology hands universal training report Mr. Truman
Other commission members, left TO right Rev. Edmund A.
Walsh, vice president Of Georgetown University Samuel
Rosenberg industrial relations eonsvItunt Truman Gibson,
J lawyer and Dr. Daniel Polling editor the Chsun Herald
Milford chronicle., 1947-06-13
People
Second Paul Revere

The first treason trial in New
England history began this week in
Boston, only a few hundred yards
from historic Fam
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-01-24

safety standards should be closed. older
properties" he said, which cannot be
made disasterproof, due to detects in con-
struction, and those whose owners cannot
or will not comply with known SATISFY
io-life standards, should be closed and for
ever condemned"
But the Committee on Safely TO Lite OF
the association, in its report, pointed out
that the expense Of TOO stringent regula-
lions might be so great in the case OF old
buildings as TO be practically confiscaiorY,
and proposed that some compromise is in
order to effect a practical solution Of the
problem.
The Committee said major requirements
should include two separate exits in
hotels, remote from each other SO that
fire or smoke blocking one exit would
not be likely to interfere with the other;
fire escapes recognized only for existing
buildings not over six stories IN height to
supplement inferior exits; all stairwaYs.
elevators and other vertical openings to
be enclosed, with fire doors on openings;
an alarm system with sounding devices
effectively heard in every room, and
adequate automatic sprinkler protection.
These recommendations were approved
by the hotelmen, as we'll they should be
as far as they go. AT the same time. and
despite the severe measures proposed by
MI. Pierce, there is good reason to ques'
ton if compromises with safety are justi-
fled where human life is at stake.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-01-24
GENERAL ROY s. CEIGER

Lieut.. Gen. Roy S. Geiger was 10 be re-
tired on February |. He did moi live 10
hear the order relieving him Of active
service. A little after 7 o'clock yesterday
morning he died at the Naval Hospital in
Bethesda, Maryland. just beyond the Dis
trici Of Columbia.
General Geiger, who was a pioneer in
Marine aviation, and who gave outstand-
Ing service in the two World Wars, rose
to eminence from the ranks Of the Marine
Corps. Twas he who commanded the small
American Air Force during the bitter early
days on GuadalCanal. On B%ouqanville
on Guam and in the occupation of Pelileu.
he commanded both Army and Marine
forces As the Associated Press sum-
marizes bis career, we learn that in the
UkinaWa campaign he led the Third Am
phlbious Corps. Briefly during that cam
paign he commanded Army and Marine
forces following the death Of Lieut.. Gen.
Simon Bolivar Buckner, Jr., and The ar
rival OF Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell as the
new commander Of the 10Th Army.
Born Jan. rs, 1885, at Middleburu. Fla.
General Ceigcr was graduated from Stet-
son university, Deland. Florida, in 1907
with an LIB degree. After serving two
years in the Marines as an enlisted man.
he became a second lieutenant Feb. 5.
1909.
During World War I he commanded a
Marine air squadron. Subsequent assign
mems took him TO Cuba, Nicaragua, Pana-
ma, the Philippines, China and Haiti. He
served as director Of Marine aviation from
1881 10 1885, and again for a six-month
period in l943.
FOR distinguished work on Guadalcanal
he received a gold star 10 add 10 his firsl
Navy cross which he won in France ir
World War |.
AT B%ouganville he assumed command
of the first Marine Amphihious Corps, re
lieving Gen. A. A. Vandegrift, recalled i
Washington 10 become c~ommandani Of tn
Marine Corps. He received the distinguish
ed service medal for his work at Bouqar
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-01-24

vile. and at Guam his generalship gained
him a gold star in lieu OF a second dis
iinquished service medal.
In June, l945, General Geiger became
commanding general of the Pacific Marine
Force, succeeding Lieut.. Gen. Holland M
Smith. He held that post until he came
TO Washington TO serve as senior member
of 2 Marine Corps Promotion Board.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-01-24

ing an artesian we'll and fencing.
He also bought a motorboat.
The simple fact of the case was
that this racketeer, with his Grimm
al record, had the power to obtain
extra liquor for his friends by
threatening to call out workers in
other plants owned by ccn-raey and
that he did arbitrarily strike Schen-
ley during his negotiations.
These r faults of the union sys-
tenn which unionism itself recogniz-
IS but never attacks and which
the national union bosses would not
permit the law to correct.
In recent columns concerning the
Non-Sectarian Anti-Nazi League, il
was reported that testimony had
been given to a congressional com.
m.ttee that Mario Buzzi, an in
vestigator for the league, at one
time suffered from "a rather grave
mental condition That was an I'M
intentional error. Actually, the
statement was that Mr.. Buzzi wa !,
suffering from a rather gray.
medical condition l want 10 mai.
this correction and 10 correct 49,,
implications that followed this =.
correct transcription Of the t.st;.
luoony.