davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-04-23
Railroads
CONTINUED From First Page }

competitive success or failure Of all
industry" Mr.. Berge said.
The Governments principal con-
tention is that the railroads, dur
ing the depression Of the early '30s,
established IAN integrated hierarchy
OF bureaus and associations consti-
tuting a cartelized private govern
ment Of the railroad industry which
has continued to this day"
The Al Western railroads spe-
cifically were accused Of making
in 1882 an agreement concerning
rates and services which was not
filed with the Interstate Commerce
Commission, as required by law,
until April IA, 1943. Mr.. Berge said
this was five days after it's produc-
ton had been demanded or re-
quested by the Department of
Justice"
j. P. Morgan 81 Co. and Kuhn
Loeb Co. were described as hav-
ing participated IN tne conspiracy,
and particularly with plan de-
signed to subject decisions by in
dividual Western railroad mana
gers to the coercive control of East
ern financial interests"
A brief filed with Mr.. Berge's
opening statement asserted that the
two New York investment houses
handled 88 per cent of the financing
and security transactions Of the
Western carriers between 1887 and
1914.
Other Charges Listed.
Other allegations made by Mr.
Berge:
That the defendants threw their
concerted weight against the de-
velopment Of rival forms of trans
portation."
That individual railroads have
Evening star., 1947-04-23
|Senaior heca carihy 10 Join
IN Tribute 10 Marines

Senator Mccarthy. Republican, ol
Wisconsin and Brig. Gen. William r
Clement, director Of the Marine
Corps Division Of Reserve, will lead
a tribute to District Marine Reserve
dead of World War II at 10 a m. Sat
urday at the Tomb Of the Unknown
Soldier in Arlington National Gene
terry.
Senator Mccarthy was q Marine
captain during the war.
The ceremonies will be q climax to
Marine Corps Reserve Week.
Those participating viii include
Maj. Julia Hamblet, director of the
Marine Corps Womens Reserve; Col.
Luther A. Brown. director of the 5th
Marine Corps. Reserve District; 1t.
Col. w. II. Dooien. commanding ofii-
Ger of Marine Reserve Fighter
Squadron 32l, known as @Hell.s
Angels" 1t. Col. William F. Thyson,
jr, commanding onicer of the 5th
Marine Reserve Infantry Battalion,
and 1t. Col. James G. Magee, jr.,
inspector instructor of the battalion.
A detachment of Marines from the
Marine Barracks and their drum
and-bugle corps will appear.
Evening star., 1947-04-23
Moves N,,'
Continued From First Page,I.

and his western colleagues have had
enough.
They decided, however, to make
leisurely departure. The hope, in
these hours before final adjourn
ment, is that Russia will back down
suddenly to break the deadlock and
keep negotiations going.
Deputies List Problems.
Such move could only be made
at the direction of Prime Minister
Stain himself. All eyes, there
fore, are turned today to the domed
towers behing the Kremlin wall
For our part, meanwhile, we are
standing pat.
The ministers have told their dep
uties to sort out unagreed German
problems this morning and bring
in recommendations this afternoon
as to how to dispose of these prob
lens pending the next Council ses-
sion.
The ministers will act on the
deputies recommendations at their
meeting this evening. Some prob
lens will be handed over to the
deputies for further argument in
the months ahead. Others will 60
to the Allied Control Council. Still
others-crucial major problems
such as reparations-probably will
not be referred to anybody until
tho r11it,icforc ono;,
If the Council itself can't solve
them, they clearly can't be solved
on lower level They will probably
be allowed to lie fallow.
Talks Today are Procedural.
AS the Americans understand 1t,
there will be no discussion on the
substance of these unsettled prob
lens today. 1t will simply be pro-
'cedural matter of deciding on their
interim disposition.
The making of such procedural
decisions, and the winding up of
other last-minute conference busi-
ness, might well be completed to-
night. II so the conference will ad-
journ. On the other ~hand, if the
Russians seem to be preparing an
eleventh hour deal, it would be easy
to prolong the wrapping up of the
conference for another day or so
to give them time to make their
move gracefully. But unless such a
move develops, there will be no more
argument here on matters of SUBJ
stance. so far as we are concerned
In thus abandoning this totally
unfruitful attempt to reach agree
ment with Russia on the German
and Austrian settlements, the Amer
lean diplomats are sustained by the
belief than time Is on their side
Time, essentially, to show that if
Russia won't work with Western
Germany and Western Europe,
Western Germany and Western
Europe can work without Russia.
Time, that is, for Russia to learn
1t will pay her to play ball with the
West, even if she cannot play by
her own rules.
When time has had a chance to
do its work, there will be another
meeting of the Council on these
same problems. The American dele
cation, however, will oppose the fix
ing here of definite date for the
next session. We would prefer to
agree to review the situation in July
or August, say-to see then what
the prospect of success at new
meeting seems to be. To see, that
Is, whether time has done its work
Failure on Austria Complete.
Despite the fact that secret meet
ings in the last few days raised false
hopes among some observers here,
Evening star., 1947-04-23
sy the Assoe;ofed Press

ANNAPOLIS, April 23.-The Navy
disclosed today 1t is in the process
OF holding ourts-martial for four
Marine guards and two prisoners
accused of abusing inmates in the
North Severn brig at the Naval
Academy.
The accused men are charged
with mistreatment of brig prisoners
who were beaten, kicked, mauled,
tied to radiators and steam pipes.
A Navy. spokesman said evidence
indicated that kangaroo court"
had been in operation.
The brig Is used to confine en-
listed personnel stationed at the
Naval Academy and such auxiliary
installations as the radio station and
testing laboratory. No midshipmen
are involved.
Evening star., 1947-04-23
Tear Cos Disperses hindus

CALCUTTA April. 2s tR1.-Tear
gas bombs were used by police todav
to disperse milling crowds In the
southern sector Of this city as Hin
Cus held d one-day strike protesting
alleged police maltreatment Of cit
izens in connection with the recent
wave Of communal disturbances.
4 Bogota, capital Of Colombia |.
a xs<Aa 1>.<x,.. II eSs8ss
Evening star., 1947-04-23
$423, 1896 is for rental and $435, 1882
for maintenance

$423. 1896 is for rental and $435, ,982
for maintenance.
One committee member asked Mr.
Warren why the GAO had not
the accounts of the House
sergeant at arms Office, where a
large shortage was discovered sew
eral months ago. Mr.. Warren said
his Office had not done so because
Congress had forbidden auditing of
these accounts. An act Of Congress
is needed to make this possible and
he recommended this be done.
Mr.. Warren pointed to many other
savings which the GAO has made
for the Government In its role of
watchdog for Congress over depart
mental expenditures.
Evening star., 1947-04-23
Wallace
Continued From First Page.)

should be administered on a prior
ity basis by a q. N. commission" he
said today. Russia, as the greatest
war sufferer, would, of course, re-
quire the most aid. Greece and
other hard-hit countries would be
given their share" he said today.
Members of Frances two Houses
of Parliament gathered to hear Mr..
Wallace In his first official appear
ance as a guest of the Foreign At
fairs Committee of the National
Assembly.
The session was closed, but par
liamentary correspondents learned
that Mr.. Wallace repeated criticism
of the American loans to Greece
and Turkey.
Press Split in Reaction.
Foreigners cannot appear before
the Parliament, but Mr.. Wallace
spoke to the Foreign Affairs Com
mittee at the Invitation of Marcel
Cachin, chairman of the commit
tee and an editor of the Communist
newspaper L'Humanite.
All Of the 1000 members of Par
lament were invited to attend the
session. Most of the auditors were
Communist members of Parliament
and colonial representatives.
The French press split widely to-
day in its reaction to Mr.. Wallace's
arrival in Paris.
Left wing papers welcomed Mr..
Wallace as a friend of democracy
and peace, while moderate and
right wing organs asserted that
French Communists had virtually
''monopolized" Mr.. Wallace's tour.
They also questioned the propriety
of Mr.. Wallace's almost official"
reception.
Partisan Campaign" Seen.
Foreign Minister Georges sBi-
dault,s party organ L'Aube said Mr..
Wallace's tour had lost its "infor-
NATIVE character" and become a
partisan campaign" The paper
predicted that numerous political
personalities would abstain from
I appeNing at today's reception for
Mr.. Wallace at the French National
Assembly. n ~
Declaring that there was "prac-
tically nobody but Communists"
yesterday at LIE Bourget Airfleld for
Mr.. Wallace's arrival, the Radical
Socialist L'Aurore said Mr.. Wallace
represented only a very. small mi
nority of Americans"
Former Premier Leon Blum said,
in the Socialist Party's organ, LIE
Populaire, that differences between
President Truman and Mr.. Wallace
were not as broad as one usually
believes"
There is at present no danger
of war unless the United States is
willing to accept the idea of war;"
Mr.. Blum said. yet, I am sure that
nobody in the United States wants
war and that the final objective re-
mains consolidation and organiza-
tion of peace"
Evening star., 1947-04-23
Four Marines at Academy Foce
TriuI in Beating Of Prisoners

A kangaroo court, the Navy
said, apparently had been going on
for months. It was discovered when
two victims told their story to a
medical officer when transferred to
the Naval Academy Hospital for
treatment.
The Navy announcement said
Seaman 1/c James Edward Childs,
a colored prisoner, already had been
tried by a court-martial. Its find
ings now are being reviewed by
Rear Admiral James L. Holloway,
jr., superintendent of the academy.
TransmittaI of a courts findings to
the convening officer indicates that
the accused has been convicted of
at least some of the charges.
Now on trial is Marine Pfc.
Joseph Charles OLeary, the other
prisoner involved.
Evening star., 1947-04-23

the failure on Austria has been COM
plete. This means, bluntly, that
nothing of real importance has been
achieved at this session beyond an
exchange of views between the Big
Four.
The Austrian failure depended,
specifically, on the failure to resolve
three issues. These were the issue
of the disposition of German assets
in Austria, the issue OF Yugoslav
reparations claims and the issue OF
the Austrian Yugoslav border. OF
the three, the first is the most i'm
portant.
But the most fundamental reason
why no agreement could be reached
on Austria is that no agreement was
reached on Germany.
For, at least in the short run, it
was the Western powers alone who
stood to gain from an isolated agree
ment setting up genuinely inde-
pendent and sovereign Austria. AS
long, therefore, as the Western pow
ers were prepared to insist that the
treaty must leave Austria sovereign
and independent, there was never
any real chance that an isolated
agreement on Austria could be
reached here.
Aim to Get Red Troops Home.
Our great stake in this treaty
is that it would get Russian troops
out of Austria. 1t would also sig
nal the withdrawal from Central
Europe of troops which have stayed
on to guard the supply lines to
Russias Austrian garrisons.
Getting these troops back home
is a much desired object for us,
and in diplomatic negotiations much
desired objects are seldom acquired
free for nothing. In diplomacy you
rarely give anybody something you
can sell him. Russia is well aware
we would be willing to pay rea-
sonable price to attain our much
desired object in Austria.
The reasonable price" could
easily have been found inside the
Austrian settlement if it had not
been for our insistence that Austria
be left in what we regarded as a
free and Independent condition. A
deal could have been arranged If
we had been willing to agree to
Russia's ideas as to what consti-
tutes German property and assets
in Austria and as to what Russia
can do with such property in the
eastern zone.
This deal, however, was out as far
as we were concerned, Gen. Marshall
made it plain we thought treaty
along these lines would not in fact
establish Austria as an independent
and sovereign state. AS we saw it,,
it would mean that, in addition to
paying a sort of reparations to Rus
sia, Austria would become econom-
ically at least, puppet state. This
was more than we were willing to
pay to get the Russian troops back
home. ~@ se.aa - @1ss ss-' =
Russian Price Impossible. Z
The American and British posi-
tions were final on this score There
fore, since Soviet Foreign Minister
Molotov could not get his reasonable
price" within the Austrian settle
ment, he had to consider the whole
question of this treaty In the light
of the unresolved German questions
dealt with at the conference.
From this point of view, that Is,
the reasonable price" of an Aus
trian treaty could only be one Of
the big things Russia wants in Ger
many, such as reparations from cur
rent production or share in the
control of the Ruhr.
These problems, of course, have
been inextricably knotted for weeks.
The Austrian discussions merely sue
ceeded N adding one hard, final
twist to that knot
Evening star., 1947-04-23
Britain Plans No Action
Against BIC for Speech

LONDON, April 23 R.-The
British government reaffirmed to-
day that it would take no action
against the government-owned
British Broadcasting Corp. for per-
mitting Henry A. Wallace to use
its facilities for an attack on the
Truman doctrine.
Answering question in the
House of Commons, Assistant Post
master General w. A. Burke, who
has responsibility for the BIC, said
it was the policy of successive gov
ernments to afford the BBC inde-
pendence in the choice of programs
and program material.
The present government are
continuing that policy and the
question Of consulting with them
about MIR. Wallace's broadcast did
not therefore arise. 1t Is not pro-
posed to intervene in the matter"
Laborites cheered the statement.
L. III y
Evening star., 1947-04-23
Mex din to Speak Moy |
AT Chevy Chase Church

The men Of Chevy Chase Metho-
dist Church viii meet Thursday,
May !, In the church, Connecticut
avenue and Shepherd street. Chevy
Chase, Md. The main speaker viii
be Mayor Theodore r. McKeldin OF
Baltimore, after . dinner at $50
pm.
The date Of the meeting IS not
tomorrow, as enormously reported In
Evening star., 1947-04-23

Egypt has an Arabic movie boon
Evening star., 1947-04-23
Grocery Chain Slashes
Prices 3O96 as More
Towns>Join 'RoIIback
By tbs Associated Press

NEWBURYPORT, Mass, April 3d..
"A New England grocery chain to-
day slashed prices 80 per cent and
half dozen other communities pre-
pared to join with this city In roll
ing back" prices.
The Clover Farm chain-128 in
dependently owned stores in Massa-
ehusetts, Vermont and New Hamp-
shire announced effective imme-
diately the price cut on $50 items.
Buyers response to general 10
per cent price cut in Newburyport,
where the movement originated yes
serday, sent observers from other
cities away enthusiastic about taking
similar steps to combat imitation.
Merchants in Leominster-a Cen
trail Massachusetts, city OF 23,000-
announced tomorrow they would in
augurate a tfree-day experiment
known as "devaluation days" with
q general 10 per cent cut in prices
Sales Gain Sharply.
Newburport stores reported their
sales were up from 10 to 46 per cent
over normal Tuesdays business, with
automobile accessories showing the
biggest gain.
Department store sales were up 20
to IS per cent; food, Is to 20 per
cent; clothing, IS to 80 per cent;
jewelry and hardware, 10 to Is per
cent.
Norman j. Randell, executive Sec
retary of the city's Development
Council, said that inquiries on de-
tails of how the plan worked came
and Ansonia, Conn, and Brattle-
boro, Vt.-both cities indicating they
were ready to embark on the same
experiment.
Wholesalers Join Ian.
The response from wholesalers In
signifying willingness to go along
with retailers in cutting prices has
been good, Mr. Randell said.
Three large suppliers-a Lowell
hosiery firm, a candy manufacturer
and a mems clothier-have already
granted discounts ranging from 10
to is per cent to the stores on all
but few items.
Hundreds of shoppers from cities
and towns adjoining Newburyport
joined in yesterdays buying spree,
Mr.. Randell said, but the big test
is expected tomorrow and Saturday
-paydsys for most industrial firms
here.
Merchants of the neighboring
town of Amesbury voted unanim-
ously last night to adopt the New
buryport Plan" after observers re-
ported that the first day of the ex-
pertinent appeared to be highly
successful"
Portsmouth IN. H. businessmen,
who also sent a delegation to New
buryport yesterday-the first day Of
the experiment-took steps to OBJ
tain price cut pledges which would
put the program in operation in
that shipbuslding city.
Observers Impressed.
Observers from other communi-
ties, including the heavily populated
industrial city of Lowell, said they
we're impressed with the plan and
would make favorable reports to
their merchants.
Under. the local program, more
than 90 per cent of the retail mer-
chants agreed to slash prices 10 per
cent in a To-day experiment and
were pledged not to buy supplies
from wholesalers who would not
grant similar reductions.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1947-08-09
MoiI tompering
in Baltimore

BALTIMORE - FP) = Wide
spread prying into the mails that
may "well lead to the illegal CEN
sorship Of ideas" is going on in
Baltimore post offices, the local
chapter of the National Lawyers
Guild charged here.
In letter to Sen. William Lam
ger R., MD, chairman of the
Senate civil service committee,
Pres. I. Duke Avnet of the Bal
timore Lawyers Guild declared
that his organization has received
repeated complaints that the Bal
timore post office has been "pry-
ing into the mail of various per-
sons without any authority or JUS
tification."
''Unless such improper proce-
dure is promptly checked" Avnet
declared; urging an immediate in
vestigation, sit may well lead to
the illegal censorship of ideas and
a hidden reign of fear among
those citizens whose political, eco
nomic or social views may not
correspond to the whim of some
post office official"
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1947-08-09

The action came at the locals
executive board meeting Monday
night. Earlier, the locals veterans
committee heard an explanation of
the program by Edward Morris,
executive secretary of AVC's Chi
cago Area Council.
'They pledged 100 per cent sup
port of the program" Morris said
this week.
The plan mapped by AVG Of
fers a six-point program of free
counsel to all veterans, whether
they belong to AVG or not. The
program calls for six-man teams
in each community to advise on:
medical and dental service; I'M
employment, bonus and terminal
leave pay; on-the-job training, ed
ucation and CT. loans; disability
and pension claims and aid to de-
pendents; G.I. insurance; and legal
problems.
Charles Cavanaugh, chairman of
the U. E. locals veterans commit
tee, has informed Morris the local
will circulate missionaries among
its veteran members to determine
their individual problems. The
plan is to have them counseled by
the AVG team in their own COM
munity.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1947-08-09

form Of $40 million pension
plan, which has already been
agreed upon in principle. Negoti-
ations on this and other issues
were scheduled to be resumed
Aug. Z.
The strike threat was not en-
tirely lifted, however. The UAW
board postponed the deadline to
Aug. IA pending agreement on the
remainder of the contract.
The provisions granting years
immunity from the Taft-Hartley
laws punitive sections provided
for creation of a 4-man commit
tee including two from the COM
pany and two from the union,
who will seek a solution to the
question of the unions liability
for damages by suit for breach of
contract.
If the committee is unable to
reach agreement within three
months from the time of final
signing of the contract, it will
choose a fifth member and con-
tinue its efforts for an additional
period, not to exceed a total of
one year. Any agreement must be
unanimous and will be binding
on both sides.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1947-08-09
Rogge defends
ChristoffeI

WASHINGTON - (FP) - Har-
old H. Christoffel, honorary pres
ident of Local 248, United Auto
Workers (CIO), pleaded innocent
to perjury indictment before
District Judge Edward Curran
Aug. 5 and was given three weeks
to prepare for trial.
The former leader of the JAW
local at the anti-union Allis-Cha1-
mers plant near Milwaukee will
be defended by o. John Rogge,
former special assistant to Atty.
Gen. Tom c. Clark.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1947-08-09

Motions were filed by the area
rent control office to dissolve the
temporary restraining order is
sued by Federal Judge Elwyn r.
Shaw, and to dismiss the case.
The three hotels involved the
Montrose Beach Hotel, 925 Mont
rose av., Madison Park Hotel, 1880
Hyde Park blvd, and the Stone
hedge Hotel, 6319 Kenwood av.,
are seeing a judgment against
controls restricting rents in hotels
in which rs per cent of the units
are self-contained (having kitchen
and BATH.
The rent control office argues
that "the suit is against the United
States" apartment hotel rents are
restricted under federal controls),
and that SITS (the U.S) consent
to be sued is necessary"
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1947-08-09
Sun PIons
tabloid form

Editors this week made plans
for the conversion of The Chicago
Sun into tabloid newspaper, fol-
lowing formal announcement that
owners of more than $500 shares
of stock in The Daily Times had
accepted the offer of Marshall
Field III to buy the stock at more
than double its value.
Field, publisher of the Sun and
owner of radio station VIVID, had
offerd $50 a share for Times
stock which recently has been
suoted at approximately $50 a
share. Before the rumore of his
offer began circulating a year
ago, Times stock was quoted at
only SIT a share.
The Sun is expected to issue
its first tabloid edition late in
September. The effect of the mer-
ger on the editorial policies of the
two newspapers is still matter
for conjecture.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1947-08-09

The agreement provided that
the company will not sue the
union for breach of contract "be-
cause of any strike or work stop
page" for a period of one year,
during which both company and
union will continue to negotiate
in an effort to find a permanent
formula to solve the issue of the
unions liability.
If no solution is found by the
end of the year, the UAW re-
tanned the right to strike on the
issue without danger of a COM
pany suit against it.
THE DATE of expiration of the
agreement will be determined
from the date of agreement on a
new contract which is still being
negotiated. The other major point
still unsettled between the nego-
tiators is the working out in final
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1947-08-09
Mine widow
helps victims

WEST FRANKFORT, In.-(FP)
The widow of one of the Ill
victims of the Centralia mine dis
aster has contributed "an undis-
closed sum for the benefit of
some needy woman or child"
among the survivors of 81 men
who died in a mine explosion here
July "a.
The woman, whose husband was
a member of the United Mine
Workers (AFD is Mrs. Helena
Rhodes, who lives near Centralia.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1947-08-09
Moral: keep your
money in small safe!

Life is hard for safe-crackers
these days. The gang that
broke into the Blatz Brewing
Co. here learned later with
chagrin that the large safe they
had laboriouslY stolen con-
tanned very little money. while
the small safe they had ignored
actually held more than $1,000.