davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-11-30
Farmer Tax
Relief Measure
Is Expected
By jones BirchfieId

Farmers may expect more relief
from income tax burdens under pro-
visions of a bill that may be intro
duced in the next regular session OF
Congress next January.
Senator Wherry, Republican, of
Nebraska has announced that he
plans to introduce legislation that
will allow farmers to deduct costs
Of fertilizing and other land i'm
provements not now allowed.
The bill already has been drafted
by Raymond r. Dickey, chief coun-
sci of the Senate Small Business
Committee. of which Senator Wherry
is chairman.
Under present law the cost of such
improvements as cleaning brush and
trees from land, buying and plant
ing trees, grading, fertilizing land,
drilling and equipping wells, devel-
oping irrigation canals and bitches,
Strengthening creek beds or building
concrete tanks, dams or reservoirs
are considered capital investments
and may not be deducted in any one
tax period.
Farmers who have made capital
improvements may deduct only a
relatively small portion of the orig
inal cost each year until the cost Is
amortized over q span of years
equaling the life of the Improvement.
Some authorities maintain that
existing law assumes q much longer
life for improvements than they &C
tually have and that farmers should
be allowed to take their deductions
Immediately as a business expense
if they desire.
Mr.. Dickey said that under an old
ruling of the Internal Revenue Bu-
reau farmers were given an option
in making these deductions, but this
ruling was set aside in an inter-
| probation last year. The new bill
would establish the prior regula-
ton.
| He said he believes road build
ing and the installation Of physical
equipment should be excluded from
the optional category.
The measure is expected to be
offered as an amendment, to the
first House revenue bill reaching
the Senate next year. This would
be necessary since the Senate may
not initiate revenue legislation
under the Constitution.
Evening star., 1947-11-30
Fresh plants in the cold frame

Fresh plants in the cold frame
endive, celery, etc
should be kept well watered, first,
because the sun beating down on
the glass will keep the plants
warm and in active growth; sec
ondly, if the soil is dry mice are
likely to move in. Soluble fer
tilizer added to the water once a
week will help to stimulate
growth of these leafy crops.
+++
AS soon as the pansies are large
enough it is well to mulch them
with rich compost or well-rotted
manure. However, do not cover
the leaves. Pansy plants do not
need to be covered during the
winter, as they are perfectly
hardy.
Do not overlook the dwarf fruit
trees in preparing the garden for
winter. If they were not staked
at planting time, it is well to
brace them or stake them now.
If available a good stout, long
lasting wooden stake is probably
the most desirable. A steel fence
post is probably much easier to
obtain. Protect the bark OF the
tree with either an old piece OF
hose or heavy canvas when tieing.
In going about the garden, 1t Is
well to see that plant markers
are firmly pushed into the ground
and any names that have become
faded should be rewritten. With
out this precaution, markers are
frequently pushed out Of the
Evening star., 1947-11-30
Confined From Page B-6J

ineson a the Twarf Cities Of Min
neapoh. and st. Paul. Two round
trips will be provided daily. one
leaving National Airport at am
the other at 6:45 pm.
American Airlines reported trav-
e]ers might find their first-choice
plane filled, but could be taken care
of through adjusting their time OF
departure.
United Airlines reports that so
far. 40 per cent OF its year-end holl-
day traffic from Washington is
bound all the way to the West Coast
The percentage is expected to in
crease this week. Return reserva-
tions are heaviest for January 3 and
4 Saturday and Sunday, indicat-
ing that transcontinental passengers
are taking advantage of the asset
the airlines claim in holiday and
vacation travel: The faster the trip,
the longer the stay.
Extra flights are planned from!
New York and Baltimore to allow
Christmas and New Year holidays
in Bermuda. British Overseas
Airways, flying to the isles out of
Baltimore, has scheduled seven extra
flights between December % and
January 7. Colonial will operate
its usual once-a- week flight to Ber-
muda out of Washington. AS yet,
these fights are not sold out. North
to points in Pennsylvania and New
York State and Ottawa and Mon
treal. Colonial reports reservations
from the 18th to goth as light and
from the goth to the 28th pretty
we'll booked" December "a, as OF
Wednesday, was almost solidly
sold"
Pleasure travel to the Orient has
been approved by the State Depart
ment on a limited basis, beginning
with the February 20 sailing of the
American President Lines President
Cleveland The new luxury liner
will make its maiden voyage tc
Honolulu and japanese and Chinese
ports next month, sailing from San
Francisco December 27. Its next
sailing, February 20, will carry tour
ists-55O, if booked to capacity
Applications are now being accepted
at the local K street Office OF the
lines and at travel agencies.
Mrs. Ruth Shipley. chief of the
State Departments passport divi-
sion, gave pleasure travel the greer
light under conditions worked out
with the lines officials. These pro-
Evening star., 1947-11-30
African Violets
Require Light
And dDrainage

To say that African violets
(saintpaulia) are sweeping the
country As one of the most popular
pot plants grown In American
homes, is not an overstatement. A
National society has been formed.
Besides innumerable and excellent
seedlings of ionantha and Blue Boy,
there are some 40 named varieties
to tempt the collector; RufaeS, with
its flowers Of medium lavender and
shining olive-green leaves; Admiral,
with it1 beautiful purple flowers and
dark green leaves; Blue Girl, White
Lady, Amethyst and many others.
The demands of the African
violet are not exacting, and it gives
months and months of bloom, but
there are few points worth know
ing about its culture.
1t requires plenty of light, but
not direct MONDAY sun. An east
window with q strong light, but with
not over two hours Of sun a day, will
fulfill its needs in this respect. Too
much sun will cause burning of the
leaves.
While the Saintpaulia likes q lot
of moisture and a humid atmos-
phere, drainage must be perfect or
the feeding roots will rot. Water
from the bottom when the soil seems
dry. allowing the plant to absorb
the moisture until the entire earth
ball is saturated. Water applied
from the top will cause the crown
to rot a
The best potting soil is a mixture
of peat, sand and loan. Small pots
should be used, as the plant will not
bloom until potbound. Fertilize
carefully about once month.
Guard against excessive heat and
drafts. Cold air blowing on the
plant will stop blooming. Do not
leave near windows on cold nights.
Heat, abrupt temperature changes
or too little light will start or spread
decay. Decay may also be caused
by improper watering.
Cut of all stems Of withered
flowers promptly to prevent forma-
ton of seed pods.
When leaves are dusty, give a very
light brushing with a soft brush.
Evening star., 1947-11-30
IS Oaks Planted

Seventy-five scarlet oak trees have
been set out on the grounds of the
Agriculture Departments Plant In
dustry Station at Beltsville, Md
The trees thrive in dry, sandy soil
They often grow to height Of 80
feet, and in the fall their foliage
turns a deep scarlet. The trees were
brought from a nursery at Norfolk
yyo
Evening star., 1947-11-30
Meeting Scheduled

Representatives Of virginia's soil
conservation districts will attend the
annual conference Of the State As
sociation of Conservation District
Supervisors Thursday and Friday at
Lynchburg.
Evening star., 1947-11-30
Milk Production Up

Virginia dairymen may set q new
record for milk production if pres
ent farm output continues through
next month, according to R. G. Con-
nelly, extension dairy husbandman
During the first nine months OF the
year, Mr.. Connolly said, Virginia S
440 900 milk cows produced 1,412,-
600, 900 pounds of milk, slightly
above last years production.
Evening star., 1947-11-30
Weed Threat Averted

A solution of 2-4-D, when applied
to manure, will get rid of weed
seeds, declares Edward K. Bender,
extension specialist in vegetable
crops at the University OF Maryland.
Evening star., 1947-11-30

Towering that the color the flesh
and s lis
The union times., 1947-09-13

AGREES WITH EATON
 In many respects, Johnson agrees with Cyrus s. Eaton, the Cleveland financier and capitalist, who recent. ly warned that unless capitalism stops warning on organized labor. it will be inviting its own extinc. ton.
 Like Eaton, Johnson cautions that continued hostilities between capital and labor can doom private enterprise So far, only small minorities on both sides want to push such "class war fare" to the point of collapse, he says
 ''One way to bring it (cOllapse) about is to impose such drastic controls on labor that the majority will join the relative few now en- gagged in open conflict" he de. clares.
 Johnson argues that to avoid dis aster, i've must chart a new course in which labor, management and the public will join efforts, putting ohr economic system to work at peak efficiency"
 NO RETURN TO "OLD DAYS'
 If we don't get private enterprise going, we shall have some other sys- tenn forced upon us-not by revo1u- tionaries from Europe but by popular demand" he insists.
 Americans have seen what their productive power can do; they will never again submit meekly to the misery and stagnation of the 1930s.'
 America must shut the door to the "old days" when efforts of workers to organize were fought by industry with the aid of "strikebreakers. and trigger-happy thugs brutal police and hired provocateurs; jurymen and judges eager to pervert already hos tile law; lockouts, injunctions, frame ups and blacklists. |"
 Many of those same brutal employ CTS still rule private corporations, he points out. "That explains why some of these men continue to bedevil unions" he says.
 Johnson's indictment isn't con. fined to his fellow capitalists. He is
 (Continued on Page Two)
The union times., 1947-09-13
As We See It
 by THE STAFF

All Connecticut is congratulating the New Britain Teachers Union on its courageous stand. True, the teachers did not win all of their demands. Neither did they want to go out on strike. Until our city authorities realize that teachers are people, strikes may be necessary.
 Legislation to declare Election Day legal holiday was unanimous ly favored by the 62nd convention of the Connecticut Federation of Labor. The action came on a reso- lution presented by Francis Jones, Stamford Electricians, and a vice. president of the Federation.
 The resolution points out that not enough voters go to the polls on election day, and that "truly representative government requires full voting.
 Women are like newspapers be- cause
 They have forms.
 Are made up.
 Have bold types.
 Back numbers are not in de- mand.
 Carry news wherever they go.
 Are never afraid to speak.
 Are much thinner than they used to be.
 Every man should have one of his own and not borrow from his neighbor.
 Many queer things happen on the labor front, but one of the queerest was cited this week by Herbert Thatcher, who is on the staff of the A. F. of L.'s general counsel, Joseph A. Padway.
 In over a dozen states, the A. F. of L. has been trying to have its members convicted, fined and jail ed for violating law-in this case, a statute Outlawing 'suniOn shop" agreements.
 Only where convictions occur is it possible to press an appeal to higher courts and thereby chal- lenge constitutionality of the law, Thatcher pointed out.
 So far, however, only four states have made such appeal possible. In the others, he said, authorities have either refused to prosecute or juries have declined to convict. 
 Congress may be called back into emergency session to appropriate more money for Greece, Turkey ct al.
 (Continued on Page Four)
The union times., 1947-09-13
Building Trades
 Asked To Give Yearbook Facts
Next Meeting Of State Council May Be Held
 October 1

With the deadline for the yearbook to be published by the Connecticut State Building and Construction Trades Council approaching, Secre- tary-Treasurer James O'Kane has is sued an urgent request to all building trades locals and councils to send ir the names of their officers, and their list of fair contractors.
 ''The important value of the yearbook" O'Kane said, ''is that il will serve as an official directory, With all locals listed, the scramble for information will come to an end, and the facts will be there.
 "This is also true of contractors All of the fair contractors in the state will be listed by cities. No statewide list has been compiled since 1928, and there is crying need for one. Those locals which fail to send in the names of their contractors will be doing themselves and their contractors dis service"
 President Michael J. Barry said this week that unless there is busi. ness of an emergency nature before that date, the next meeting of the executive board of the Building Trades Council will be held on Wednesday, Oct. l, at the New Haven Labor Temple at 10 AM.
The union times., 1947-09-13
Is Profiteering Responsible For
 Our High Prices?
Senator Says More Produc- ton, Lower Costs, Assure
 Prosperity

High and steadily mounting prices continue to be burning question>witl virtually all Americans. All reliable indexes reveal that the cost of living is edging upward, day by day, ant no one is bold enough to predict wher the top will be reached.
 During the week butter rose 2 cents pound and dealers predicted the price would hit $1 by fall.
 Omens of new spurt in meat prices were seen in both retail and wholesale markets. Retailers com. plain that supplies are being re. duced and that wholesalers are de. manding more money.
 Wheat and oat futures hit an ali time high on commodity markets, and in some markets eggs were marked al 91 cents dozen.
 BEYOND AVERAGE PURSE
 Of course, most of these prices place the commodities beyond the reach of the average purse.
 That government is deeply con- cerned about the situation was evident in radio broadcast by Secretary of Agriculture Clinton Anderson.
 He began by denOuncing what he called widespread efforts to blame all high prices on wage raises, and then he tore into business men for exacting exorbitant profits.
 Senator Joseph C. O'Mahoney (Dem., Wyo.), one of the real think
 (Continued on Page Two)
The union times., 1947-09-13
Election Day Or New Years Day?

CLEVELAND (FP) = Election day will supplant New Years day as contract holiday if the Cleveland Federation of Labor has its way.
 Figuring that failure of the workers to go to the polls would bring bigger hangover than any nursed on the day after New Years eve, the federation passed resolution which would make election day one of the six paid holi- days in all present contracts.
 The AFL body also urged 30-day boycott of exorbitantly priced goods as a protest against the spiraling cost of living and listened to Jeff Davis, self-styled King of the Hoboes and honorary member of 251 unions, do a slit in which Sen. Robert A. Taft (R, O. was called "that bum Taft, the son of the father of the labor in- junction"
The union times., 1947-09-13
Sabath Attacks
 Smear By Hoover

WASHINGTON = (FP) = The statement of former Pres. Herbert Hoover in American magazine that America provoked Japan into the sneak attack at Pearl Harbor in 1941 brought fire this week from Rep. Adolpf J. Sabath O.. Ill.).
 q believe that the American people and especially the 16 million veterans who fought the, Nazis and Japanese will resent in no uncertain way Hoover's unjusti6ab1e and unwar- ranted calumnies," said Sabath, "and will repudiate him and his party and all they stand for. The obvious intent was to. smear his more illustrious sue cessor,' Pres. Roosevelt, and this will be resented most of all.
 Tt is indeed strange that Hoover should repeat the same propaganda line which was followed by the Japa- nese-Nazi propagandists = that war was forced on Japan and Germany" /"
The union times., 1947-09-13
A.F.L. In Texas To Challenge 9 Laws

AUSTIN, Tex.-(FP)-A1l nine anti-labor laws adopted at the last session of the legislature which went into effect Sept. 5 will be tested in the courts, Exec. Sec. Harry w. Acreman of the Texas Federation of Labor said here.
 The new laws would ban closed shops; prohibit strikes by public em- ployes and secondary strikes or boy colts; outlaw mass picketing; pro- hibit so-called intimidation of em- ployes during utility strikes; require a workers written consent before union dues can be deducted from his pay; make unions financially liable for contract violations by individual union members; and put unions under both civil and criminal antitrust law.
The union times., 1947-09-13
Several Changes
 In Constitution Of Federation
Industrial Vice-Presidents, Date Of Convention
 Affected

A number of changes in the con. stitutiOn of the Connecticut Fedora. ton of Labor was voted by the 62nd convention. One provides that the date of future conventions be changed to begin the third Tuesday in September. Hitherto conventions have begun the day after Labor day.
 The executive board of the Fedora ton proposed that the date of the convention be changed to the second Monday in November, but this was changed by the delegates to the third Tuesday in September after several delegates pointed out that acceptance of the boards recommendation would mean that conventions would be held after election day.
 In the future all resolutions will have to be introduced ten days be. fore the opening of the convention. Recommended by the executive board, this provision will make pos. sible the printing of resolutions, which will be distributed to the del. egates at the convention. This pro- cedure will save the time of reading the resolutions at the convention, and will help the delegates to un- derstand what they are voting on.
 The convention adopted an amend ment to the constitution presented by the Norwalk Central Labor Union, which provides that when vacancy occurs in the roster of presidents, the secretary-treasurer shall notify the Central Labor Union of the city or town where the vacancy occurs, with instructions to nominate their choice to be appointed by the President of the Federation to fill the unexpired term.
 Industrial V-P's
 The amendment which caused most debate (after it was unanimously passed), pointed out that the constitu- tion of the Federation provides for only one vice-president at.large. Introduced by Local 1909, Electricians Union, Stamford, the resolution continues:
 Whereas, there is a necessity for more adequate representation from industrial locals,
 Therefore, be it resolved, that the constitution be amended to in. crease the vice-presidents at large to three, two of whom shall be from industrial locals.''
 Shortly before the nomination of officers, President John J. Miller of the Hartford Central Labor Union pointed out that there had been no definition of industrial unions. An effort to reconsider the amendment as passed did not succeed.
 The two industrial vice presidents elected by the convention are Kenneth Meyer, District 50, United Mine Workers, Bridgeport; and William j.. Egan, New Haven Printing Pressmen.
The union times., 1947-09-13
AIaskaUnions Hot About I'll

KETCHIKAN, Alaska = CPD U Calling for repeal of the Taft-Hartley act, a half-page ad in this city's press jointly sponsored by the Central La Dor Council (AFL) and the Indus trial Union Council (CIO) marked a new development of fighting labor unity here.
 Hedging all-out efforts in the fight Ito repeal the fascist-like Taft-Hart- ley act which was written by the bosses as part of a general plan to break unions," the statement warned
 "The record of Republican and Democratic leaders in Congress and the administration of Pres. Truman shows that the workers can no longer depend on either party to obtain bene- fits for the workers"
The union times., 1947-09-13
Conn. AFL Votes Broad Action Program
Union Membership
 Put At 16, 400, ,OOO


 It isn't often that newspapers calculate union membership even higher than official government estimates. Surprisingly enough, the Associated Press" did just that this week.
 In roundup Labor Day story, the "A. P" added up a total of 16,400,O00 on union rolls as against 15,0O0,000 estimated conservatively by the Department of Labor.
 The "A. P." broke the figure down this way, 7,600,000 in the A. F. of L.; a "claim of 6,800,OO0 by the C.. I. O., and 100000 in independent unions, including the unaffiliated Railroad Brotherhoods.
The union times., 1947-09-13
Conn. Federation Vice-Presidents
 Now Number B
Arndt, Egan, Meyer Repre-.
 sent State, Industrial K Organizations

Following are the official ballot and the results of the election of officers of the Connecticut Federa- ton of Labor for the ensuing year. Those marked with an asterisk CD were elected:
 President *Timothy M. Collins -279 votes Waterbury Teamsters
 Secretary Treasurer *Joseph M. Rourke-------3O2 votes New Haven Electricians
 Vice-Presidents
 Vote For Not More Than Ten
 Only One In Any City Francis Jones s------------279 votes Stamford Build. Trades Council *Peter Benard ----------------274 votes Bridgeport Central Labor Union *Morris Seide ----=------------251 votes NOrwalk Central Labor Union William Fargo -2O4 votes New London Build. Trades Coun. Andrew Chirstensen------247 votes Hartford Teamsters *Michael Misenti -27O votes Middletown Central Labor Union
The union times., 1947-09-13

Blame Taft-Hartley
 Although the Connecticut Fed eration of Labor has engaged in political action campaigns in the past. it was obvious that passage of the Taft-Hartley Act, and the anti labor records of Connecticut's six Representatives in Congress was responsible for the unanimous votes of the $50 delegates.
 Many were also resentful over the Connecticut sales tax passed by the last session of the Legislature. Last year, before the sales tax had been made law, the convention refused to pass a resolution favoring a graduated state income tax This year the state income tax law resolution was !ap- proved, and will be part of the A. F.. of L.'s drive to repeal the sales tax ii a general business tax law is not enacted.
 Norwalk Defeated
 The Norwalk Central Labor Unions resolution, which would have forbidden the endorsement of candidates by the State Federation, received three votes. The speakers for the resolution were Leonard Craig and Stanley Mayhew of Nor walk. The opposition was lead by Harold V. Feinmark, New Haven Typos, Edward Rice, Teamsters Joint Council; and Joseph Cleary, Bridgeport Teamsters. Many more were prepared to speak against the resolution, but the convention had already unanimously accepted Cleary's report as chairman of the Federation's Political action conn mittee; and had also accepted the recommendations of the Committee on Officers reports, which also called for political action,
 Two resolutions presented by the New Haven Central Labor Council, both dealing with political action, were unanimously adopted.
 Our Representatives
 One resolution pointed to the fact that Connecticut's six Congress- men had voted for the Taft-HaFtley Act, for the trent controls law which had lead to many thousand evictions; and for the ''tax reduc- tion" act twice vetoed by President Truman, which would have favored those in the higher brackets. The defeat of Representatives Seeley- Brown, Lodge, Foote, Miller, Sad lak, and Patterson was called for. The second resolution specifically called for endorsements by the Federation.
 Cleary's report to the convention was received with cheers. He pointed out that the Federation's political com mittee had been unable to find Re publican it could endorse, and said that a number of Republican candidates, to whom questionnaires had been sent, in the last campaign, had ignored the Federation. Mayor Jasper McLevy of Bridgeport, who ran for governor on the Socialist ticket, and who was a former vice-president of the Fedora ton, also did not answer the Fedora tion's questionnaire.
 Cleary's recommendation that next years political campaign be- gin now, was received with enthusi- asm. His report and recommends tiOns for endorsements were unani- mously accepted.