davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-10-05
McKeIway TO Open
Series at ". & |.
Spscioi Dispoteh 10 The Star

LEXINGTON, Va, Oct. 4-B. M.
McKelway, editor of The Washing
ton Evening Star, will open the sec
ond annual journalism assembly
series at Washington and Lee Uni
versity Monday evening when he
lectures and conducts a forum on
editorial work in the Nations capi-
tai.
The group also will hear Mr., Nc
Kelway's views on the Importance
of education as means of raising
newspaper standards to meet the
responsibilities connected with free
dom of the press.
The series was established last
year with a fund created by the
Roanoke Times. Sponsored by the
Lee Memorial Journalism Founda-
ton. its purpose is to give university
journalism students an opportunity
to discuss current developments In
Journalism with experienced men.
The second event in the series will
be a talk November by Miss
Daphne Daley, former editor of the
Caroline Progress, Bowling Green,
Va, on the community newspaper.
Miss Daley is a past president of
the Virginia Press Association.
Evening star., 1947-10-05
BY the Assoeio'sd Press

Creation of the new Department
Of Defense caught capital society a
trifle off-guard, but equal to the
occasion.
The towns hostesses, compelled
to keep lorgnette-eye on protocol
found themselves bewilderedly try
ing to figure out who must outrank
whom at the dinner table Mrs
Carolyn Hagner Shaw, publisher OF
the Social List of Washington fol
1948, had to get out a supplement
to the book, three days after II
went to press.
The situation is unprecedented
in social annals" says Mrs. Shaw
who inherited the social list from
her socialite mother.
Changes came so fast that ]
thought it wise to issue supple
ment for the use of subscribers
showing the new officials of the
Department OF Defense-and also 8
new precedence list. The necessity
of following protocol in Washington
is of momentous Importance
Heretofore" she explained, "wher
a new executive department was
created, it was placed at the end
of the line, ranking under the ole
established departments, but it was
obvious that this procedure could
not be followed in the all-important
department of Defense"
New Department Ranks Third.
Protocol experts of the Whit.
House and State Department have
handed down the decision that De-
fense will rank third in line among
executive departments, replacing the
former War Department.
This makes Secretary of Defense
Forrestal the third ranking member
of the cabinet. Secretary of State
Marshall ranks first, Secretary OF
the Treasury Snyder second.
The three secretaries of the
branches of the Department of De-
Evening star., 1947-10-05

Navy and Air Force,
come in that order after the mem
bers of the House of Represent
atives.
Secretary of the Army Royal
ranks first of the three, since he
was sworn in first.
Secretary of the Navy Sullivan
and Secretary of the Air Force SYM
ington were sworn in the same day
but Mr.. Sullivan was sworn in a
few minutes ahead of Mr.. SYM
ington.
Officers Status Complicated.
Unification of the armed services
mas also complicated the social sta
tus of Army and Navy officers OF
comparable rank. Heretofore the
Army officer took the prior rank be-
cause the Army was founded be-
fore the Navy. Now precedence
is based entirely on each individ-
ual's date of rank.
This years table of precedence is
completely revised. Mrs. Shaw en-
phasizes it is unofficial, but it is
an essential feature of the social
list. This is the order in which
top -notchers rank according to 194e
protocol:
The President. the Vice President
the Chief Justice, former Presi-
dents, Ambassadors of foreign pow
ers, the Speaker of the House, the
Secretary of State, the United
States representative to the United
Nations, Ministers of foreign pow
er, and Associate Justices of the
Supreme Court.
The cabinet then follows in this
order: The Secretary Of the Treas
ury, the Secretary of Defense, the
Attorney. General. the Postmaster
General, the Secretary of the In
terror, the Secretary of Agriculture
the Secretary of Commerce, the
Secretary of Labor.
Then come Governors of States
members of the Senate, Chief OF
Evening star., 1947-10-05
Chinese Reds Battle
Near Changchun After
Cutting Mukden Line
BY the Assoeio,sd Press

PEIPING, Oct. 4. - The Com
munists smashed the all-import-
ant Peiping-Mukden railway at
many points and skirmished
within 10 miles Of Chankchun
today, gaining sharp advantages
in the opening phases of the
new campaign for Manchuria.
Generalissimo Chang Kai-shek
few to Peiping to give personal d.
rections to the defense. Accompa-
MED by his wife and personal guard
commander, 1t. Gen. Yu Chi-shih,
he was expected to stay two or three
days.
Mukden Cut OFF From Air.
Mukden, South Manchurian me-
tropolis, was cut off from China
proper except by air. Mukden dis
patches said panicky civilians were
bidding astronomical prices for plane
tickets to the south.
Press reports quoting government
officers conceded that there was no
early prospect of restoring train
service and that the seaports OF
Hulutao and Yingkow were vir-
tually immobilized by the close ap-
proach of Communists.
The Communist radio said the
Peiping- Mukden line was thor
oughly destroyed" for 30 miles in
the vicinity of the Great Wall.
Optimism Is Undimmed.
The governments Central News
Agency said Communist columns,
supported by cavalry, had attacked
point 16 miles south of Chang
chun, the Manchurian capital, and
had advanced six miles
Despite the furry of developments
unfavorable to themselves, govern
ment officers insisted their optimism
of holding the big Manchurian
cities was undimmed.
Experienced neutral observers OF
the Chinese war were inclined to
agree, saying the Communists were
unlikely to try frontal assaults on
the large places but would give them
"a most uncomfortable winter"
Evening star., 1947-10-05

Here IS the SITUATION. CnrlStmdS
and New Year Day fall on Thurs
days. The officials favor giving en-
ployes Friday off as we'll. To make
up the two Fridays, employees would
work on the second and third Satur-
days in January Saturday is nor
mally a holiday in the Government
work week.
These officials point out that their
plan would enable thousands Of Gov
ernment workers here to return
home during the Christmas or New
Year Day period, something which
they won't be able to do very we'll
if they have to return to work the
day after Christmas and New Year
Day.
The decision rests with President
Truman and the Budget Bureau. 1t
wouldn't cost the Government any
money, nor cause single hour OF
work to be lost. And it would give
immeasurable happiness to thou
sands of Federal employees here.
n II X X
NUM- NJ II 1HhA> oC ~ l. =
Last week, an out-of-town visitor
to the Social Security building no
ticed a throna of employees pouring
forth from the elevators at what he
considered to be an unusually early
hour OF the day.
What time do these people get
out, anyway" he asked one OF the
elevator operators.
Gosh, don't know" was the re-
ply. "All the folks around here
work stagnant hours"
THAT'S FRIENDSHIP The
newsmen covering the White House
were solidly united in President Tru-
mans corner last week.
Mr.. Truman loaned his television
set to the White House press room
so the boys could view the World
Series.
MORE WORLD SERIES-Although
radio listening is forbidden in Gov
ernment Offices, some of the boys
and girls furtively brought their
midget radios down last week to lis
ten to the World Series
Many officials were quite lenient,
not saying anything. as long as it
didn't interfere with work-too
much.
At Agriculture, group of en-
Evening star., 1947-10-05
4 Burmese Nurses 10 Take
Further Training in U. 5.
ky the Assoeioted Press


RANGOON, Burma, Oct. -four
Burmese nurses in the unit of 1t.
Col. Gordon S. Seagrave, the Brit
ish Armys famed Burma surgeon, ,
at Namkham in the Shan States
will leave Monday for training in
American hospitals, an official an
nouncement said today.
Three of the nurses, Easter Po
Ruby Than and Hla Sein, served
throughout the war with Col. Sea-
graves unit. The fourth, PanSy Po
joined two years ago. The Pc sis
ters will study bacteriology at the
University of Kentucky. Ruby Than
and Hla Sein will take postgraduate
nursing and maternity training at
Margaret Hague Hospital in Jersey
City, N. ].
Training expenses are being met
by the American Medical Center for
Burma Frontiers, Inc, New York
City. II
Evening star., 1947-10-05
SteeIman Report Ask!
Decentralization Of
Industry, Research

Key industries, scientists and
laboratories, highly centralized dur
ing World War II, should be scat
tered more widely throughout the
Nation, in view of "the possibilities
Of atomic warfare the Scientific
Research Board told President Tru-
man yesterday.
The report wass the third in q
series of five by Presidential Assist
ant John R. Steelman, board chair
man, dealing with science and public
policy.
1t said the Government science
program should be revamped to
provide for more effective control
by the President. 1t also recon-
mended that the top salary for Fed
eral scientists be raised from 10000
to $4,000 OF the 10000 scientists
in the Governments $4,000, ,000, ,00O
research plant, only a few-and
these by special statute-receive
5000.
Sites Duplication.
+ The report asserted that the Fed
eral research program needs.fo be
Concerned more with nationaFsgoals
eliminating duplication by various
agencies, So of which are now en-
gagged in some form of scientific
exploration.
In arguing for decentralization
the report pointed out that 65 pei
cent of the Army and Navy con-
tracts for research and development
were held by 10 large firms in jan
uary. During the war, II Large
universities received per cent OF
the $20,O00,0O0 spent for research
Most of these industrial concerns
and educational institutions are In
the Northeast.
The report conceded that in some
fields, such as aviation research. it
lis inevitable" that limited num-
ber of companies will hold contracts
But after listing other reasons TO,
decentralization, it added:
The national defense against the
possibilities of atomic warfare and
pinpoint bombing call for wide
geographic dispersion of essential
facilities"
The board recommended four
point program as follows:
l. Creation by presidential order
of an interdepartmental committee
on scientific research and develop
ment, to study science programs oi
both Federal and non-Federal
agencies and work toward a bal
anced program.
2. Established by Congress Of .
national science foundation, the
members of which would be ap.
pointed by the President from both
inside and outside Government cir
cles. It's job primarily would be to
pass on Federal grants for support
Of basic research in colleges. pres
ident Truman vetoed national foun-
dation legislation passed by the last
Congress, holding that it was un-
workable, and would usurp certain
presidential powerS)
3. Creation of a budget bureau
staff to deal. with funds for scien-
tific research and development, max
ing such funds available on a long
term basis rather than from year
to year.
4. That the President designate a
member of the White House stan
to act as liaison ofiicer between
scientists, Congress and Government
officers.
Evening star., 1947-10-05
Youth Appeals Sentence
To Chair for Robbery
Nv the Assoc;otsd Press


LOUISVILLE, KY, Oct. 4.-Jef-
ferson Criminal Judge Lorraine Mix
today sentenced 18-year-old Her.
bert Workman to death in the cleo
trio chair for armed robb0y and
set the date for February 27.
Counsel for Workman, one OF
three former soldiers convicted of
robbing Vernon L. Hodge last
March, said he would appeal the
case.
Workman of Tesla, w. Va, Daniel
T. McPeak, 81, Dublin, Va, and Jas
per Nease, rs, McRoberts, KY, also
are charged in Perry County with
murder in connection with Hodges
death.
His body was found in the Ken
lucky River near Hazard. The three
defendants were tried here on the
armed robbery charges and all were
sentenced to death. McPeak and
Nease previously appealed.
Under Kentucky law, conviction
of armed robbery carries sentence
of life Imprisonment or death in
the electric chair.
Evening star., 1947-10-05
| Eaton Accuses Reds
Of Trying 70 Run
u. s., World Opinion
By J. A. O'Leory

Chairman Eaton of the House
Foreign Affairs Committee last night
accused Russia of waging a cam
paign of intimidation and trying
Ito run American and world public
opinion
He said such tactics strip off
the Soviet masks" letting people
everywhere see what Russian free
dom" really means.
The New jersey Republican viewec
Moscow's refusal to let House Of
Senate committees visit Russia a.
part of the general pattern o1
abuse aimed at Americans recently
by Russian spokesmen.
Mr.. Eaton, who helped organize
the United Nations made it clear
however, he Is not alarmed by these
Russian tactics.
Direct Measures Doubted.
rs it sign of a~dangerous often
siVe, leading us To-. expect more
direct measures?" ahe inquired. 81
rbelieve not. We should have learned
from another dictator or so, now
no longer with us, that the loudest
and most hysterical abuse was 8
psychological offensive-sometim
| intended to conceal lost ground
sometimes to soften up the fearful
so that military measures were not
needed, and sometimes to divert
attention of their home folks from
the cruelties indicted an them by
their own dictators"
The outspoken, silver haired legis.
lator was included recently on Soviet
Deputy Foreign Minister Vishinsky's
! list of American "warmOngers,' anC
his statement last night was partly
an answer to the verbal attack by
Mr.. ViShinsky.
Russia seems to think that by
turning on the heat she can still
stampede Europe into communism
and the United States of America
into backing out of the world saio
Mr.. Eaton. Failure may make Mos
COW take a different line"
| Boomerang Hinted.
A strong inference ran through
| the Eaton statement that he believes
present Russian tactics will prove
boomerang.
Our faith in free speech could
not be better justified than in having
this campaign staged in our very
midst" he said. Mr.. Vishinsky's
attacks, in tone and manner ano
objectives, better than any Language
that might be used to describe the
Russian system, by us, reveal its true
principles to the world. Its behavior
is stripped to its naked brutality
and its overbearing aims are re-
vealed for all the world to note.
Il can only hope that nothing
will deter Mr.. Vishinsky from con-
tinuing the line of attack that he
has taken, and I would at all costs
like to see Russia given the oppor
tunity in the United Nations to
strip off its own mask, so that people
who value the freedoms that we
Evening star., 1947-10-05
have striven to maintain may see
what Russian freedom really means.
World Struggle Cited.

nave StIlVSn 10 IQalnCalU may See
what Russian freedom really means
World Struggle Cited.
"T'his conduct on the part of Rus
sia's rulers as we'll as her press, like
the repeated efforts to soften us up
by aggression in Trieste or in Korea
or in Berlin, help to force on even
the most peace-loving people the
nature of the struggle to save a
free world upon which We are now
engaged.
1T may help to bring support for
the economic action necessary ii
we consider the alternative of be-
ing confronted with world run
by Mr.. Vishinskys masters. 1 hope
that his masters voice will con-
tinue to speak where it can be heard
and understood by the entire
world"
Earlier in his statement Repre-
Sentative Eaton pointed out that
Mr.. Vishinsky is in a difficult posi-
tion." and went on to explain why
he thinks so:
HE has my personal sympathy
as an old Menshevik who was con-
verted to Bolshevism by the simple
methods used in Russian politics
He has to be more extreme in his
statements, possibly. than his more
reliable Old Bolsheyik' colleagues.
No doubt he is carrying out his in
structions, as always.
:,.t Policy May Go Wrong.
IT hope that the reactions which
his violent statements are certain
to produce in the United States may
not make him victim OF the usual
Soviet punishment for a policy that
goes wrong. If he finds that he is
able to escape when that time
comes, perhaps we may take him
under the projection of the United
States, so that Ne will Iearan some
thing more about the value of really
free institutions.
Mr.. Eaton said it seemed at first
unnecessary to comment on the
ViShinSky attacks, but that their
studied repetition, and reckless ex-
pansion by other official Russian
moves, shows that we now have to
face a campaign of intimidation
and! an effort to run American and
world opinion, which the Kremlin
takes seriously. We should at least
understand it's aims and motives"
Mr.. Eaton predicted Congress will
give early consideration to the ques-
ton raised by Russia's refusal to
permit congressional delegations to
enter that country to investigate the
adequacy and stating of American
diplomatic representation in Russia
He said this country has been ex-
tending to Russia an open arms
policy, but is getting in return a
"straight-arm" offensive.
Evening star., 1947-10-05
Department of Defense U Upsets Protocol List
ForrestuI Becomes Third in Cabinet Rank

Staff to the Commander in Chief,
former vice presidents (this will in
clude Henry Wallace), the House of
Representatives, the Secretary of
the Army, the Secretary of the Navy,
the Secretary of Air Force, five
star generals Of the Army and five
star Fleet Admirals of the Navy
(co-equal rank, Chief of Naval
Operations, Chief of Staff of the
Army, Chief of Staff of Air Force,
Undersecretaries of State, charge
d'affaires of foreign powers, under
secretaries of executive departments
of the Government, undersecretaries
of the branches of the Department
of Defense, the assistant secretaries
of the executive departments. four
star generals and admirals, lieuten-
ant generals and vice admirals, sec-
retaries to the President new on
the list, counselors of foreign
powers new and major generals
and rear admirals.
Each Numbered by Rank.
Mrs. Shaw says she hasn't gone
any further with the listings as it
could go on for pages. If any one
wants to know who comes next,
she suggests they give her ring
on the phone or write a letter.
When the hostess makes out her
guest list she numbers each digni-
tary according to his rank, l, 2, 3,
and SO on down the line. The
wives, if they accompany their hus-
bands and extra women, also are
numbered according to their status.
For instance, If the Chief Justice
is top ranking guest, he is numbered
one. The wife of the Chief Justice is
also number one. She sits at the
hosts right. The Chief Justice sits
at the hostess right. If the next
ranking guest is an Ambassador, he
sits at the hostess left, his wife
number two woman) sits at the
hosts left.
This sort of criss-cross business
works out on down the line.
Evening star., 1947-10-05
Rabbi Held in Bomb Plot
Freed on Bond by French
By the Associated Press


PARIS. Oct. rabbi Baruch
Korff, 80. who has been held in
Jail since September 7 by French
authorities in connection with
plan to bomb London with prop
aganda leaflets, was released under
bond of 100000 francs (s3,333) today.
The New York rabbi, cochairman
of the American Political Action
Committee for Palestine. faces trial
on charges of illegal possession of
explosive and war weapons" and
possession of foreign INSPIRED tracts
pre- ejudicial to the (French) national
interest No date has been fixed.
He was arrested at AN airfleld
near VERSAILLES while boarding a
plane which authorities said con-
tanned leaflets of the Stern Gang,
Jewish underground group, attack
ing the British for treatment OF
Jews
Evening star., 1947-10-05
PIGEON Show Next Sunday

The National Capital Pigeon Fan
ciers' Association will exhibit many
varieties of pure-bred pigeons at
its first annual show from 2 to 4
pm. next Sunday at 940l Old
Georgetown road. Bethesda, Md.
the home of Elisha Hanson, presf-
! dent of the association.
Evening star., 1947-10-05
Tukomu PTA PIuns Drive

The Takoma Park Junior High
School Parent Teacher Association
will launch membership drive al
its meeting at 8 pm. Wednesday al
the school. Faculty members will
be introduced by Lester WEIGH
school principal, and students will
present a musical program
Evening star., 1947-10-05
Gaelic Society to Hold Class

Glasses in Gaelic will be resumed
for both beginning and advanced
students Of the language this week
by the Douglas Hyde Gaelic So
ciety of Washington. The classes
will begin Tuesday at 8 pm. In
Roosevelt High School, Thirteenth
and Upshur streets NV.
Evening star., 1947-10-05
The Federal Spotlight
4-DoyHoIidoyotYuIe,N ,NewYeo'
Proposed for u. S. E Employees
The Federal Spotlight
By Joseph YOUNG

officials reveal they favor giving
employees extraong week end Christmas and
New Year Day.
officials say that it could be easily arranged so
would be off from Wednesday afternoon
until the following Monday morning for both holidays
Evening star., 1947-10-05
Weather Report

Washington and vicinity: Mostly
sunny and continued rather warm
Sunday, highest about rs and hight
southerly winds. Monday fair ano
continued rather warm.
Virginia and Maryland: Mostly
sunny and continued rather warm
Sunday and Monday.
Wind Velocity, 6 miles per hour
direction, south.
River Report
(From United States 1nginssrs)
Potomac River clear at Harpers Ferry
and at Great Falls: Shenandoah clear at
Harpers Ferry.
Humidity.
Yesterday. Per Cent.
Noon 5.t
pm. ------ 50
&
Evening star., 1947-10-05
Botanical Show Tuesday

Members of the Botanical Society
will demonstrate their work at a
meeting at pm. Tuesday in the old
agricultural building (science build
ing) at the University of Maryland,
College Park.
Evening star., 1947-10-05

Argentina has ended rationing
but kept price controls, rubber
tires.
Evening star., 1947-10-05

South Africa recently selected
hired and transported 100 Brit
ish school teachers.
Evening star., 1947-10-05
SECTION E,

This edition contains This
Week Magazine OF % pages, a
I2-pdae comic section and is
pages OF rotogrhpurs.
Evening star., 1947-10-05
Hirh and Low for Yesterday

The Sum and Moon
Evening star., 1947-10-05
Precipitation

Monthly precipitation in inches i
E anital fcurrenf month To datel.