Evening star., 1947-09-17

oASAS "iC4l Avc tooA VI Hld1llullS
armament regulations under the
Security Council.
6. Veto-The abuse" Of the veto
right-again Gen. Marshall did not
specifically name Russia-"has pre-
vented the Security Council from
fulfilling its true function The
United States intends to propose
that the Assembly create q special
committee to study ways and means
Of liberalizing the veto and report
next year.
I. Security committee-The As
sembly now has so much work to do,
Gen. Marshall said. that 1t needs an
agency to remain in session all the
time, keep an eye on the worlds
troubles. clear up routine mattsrs as
they arise and recommend a special
session of the full Assembly when
necessary.
Interim Agency Urged.
The Security Committee, Gen.
Marshall said, should start now as
an interim agency and the Assembly
could think about making it perma-
nent next year. 1t would not conflict
with the Security Council, he said,
but would strengthen the ma
chinery for peaceful settlement and
place the responsibility for such set
tlement broadly upon all the mem
bers OF the United Nations"
While Gen. Marshall refrained
from presenting the Security Com
mittee as sensational proposal.
private Information from his own
advisers made clear that he con-
siders 1t the best possible American
answer to the Russian veto practice
in the Security Council.
No such committee would have
anything like the power of the Sc
curity Council. In fact, it would
have no direct power at all, officials
conceded, but 1t could be made to
serve, like the Assembly itself, as a
forum for debate and for marshaling
majority United Nations opinions on
issues on which the veto prevented
Security Council action.
In the first speech of the day, pre-
ceding Gen. Marshalls address,
Foreign Minister Jaime Torres Bodet
OF Mexico told the Assembly that
persistent use of the veto has par
alyzed the cause of world peace and
appealed for limit to its use.
Gen. Marshall declared the Amer
lean attitude toward the whole range
of problems now before the u. N.
lis founded on very genuine desire
to perfect the organization so as to
safeguard the security of states and
the well-being Of their peoples"
Reconstruction Lays"
In sketching the American estimate
of the background of world affairs
against which the United Nations
is now working Gen. Marshall said
that today men look anxiously To-
ward the future, wondering whether
a new and more terrible conflict will
engulf them"
I'VE have not yet succeeded in
establishing basis for peace with
Germany and Japan, nor have we
restored Austria as an independent
state. Reconstruction lags every
where; the basic requirements of life
are scarce: there is desperate need
throughout great areas.
The complex economic machinery
which was thrown out of joint by
the war has not yet been put back
into running order. In place of
peace, liberty, and economic Sc
curity, we find menace. repression
and dire want.
"A supreme effort is required from
us all If we are to succeed in break
ing through the vicious circles of
deepening political and economic
crisis. That is why the United
States has placed on the agenda of
this Assembly the question of threats
to the political independence and
territorial integrity Of Greece 4.
Abuse Of Veto Charged.
In the Greek case, as in others,
officials said, the Council has been
paralyzed at critical moments by
what American delegates call abuse
of the veto power of the great ma
tions by Russia. Therefore, as Ia
countermove, the United States
plans to try to demonstrate that the
General Assembly can meet issues
even when the Council fails to do
50, because the Assembly works by
majority vote and no nation has
veto.
The Assembly sessions seemed to
be of to a good start as far as Or
ganization was concerned. DR.. Os-
waldo Aranha of Brazil was elected
president yesterday in a contest
with Dr.. Herbert v. Evatt of Aus
tralia, the vote being 20 to %. The
election, at least outwardly, was un-