davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-04-13
Mine Safety Controversy

new power. Union officials ever
instructed Safety Committees not
to cooperate with management OF
the Government in reinspecting ano
certifying as safe after corrections
were made In dangerous" mines
Mr.. Krug had ordered closed tenn.
porarily. That reputation OF his
own Safety Committees was de.
signed to throw full responsibility
on the Government for any future
accidents is part of Mr.. Lewis ad-
mitted "war" on Secretary Krug.
The business of making the mines
safe is tied in, from the owners
standpoint, with Goals battle fol
markets with natural gas, power
and oil. The cost of making mining
as safe as the average above-grounc
occupation would raise the price o1
coal to a prohibitive level.
Safety at a Price.
The tighter the safety standards
the greater the number Of mines
which must shut down. Coal from
so-called marginal mines makes ur
a large part Of the present pro-
duction. The owners of mines with
fat, accessible seams of coal have
little difficulty finding the money tt
defray cost of reasonable safety.
Bureau of Mines figures show thai
mine accidents have been reduced
nearly 80 per cent since 19l0-noi
that the bureau Is responsible fol
all the improvement. officials say
cutting down on the remaining q
per cent will be diff1cult-that the
industry Is approaching the "irre.
ducible minimum" OF accidents, pro-
viding 1t Is called upon to maintain
a high rate OF coal production
There remains some cleaning up
of the industry before the minimum
Is reached.
Regardless OF who is given the
responsibility for enforcing regula-
tions, it Is apparent the Nation will
face eventually great economic
decision. The mines can be made
safer, at a price. The point te
be decided Is how far should the
country cut into coal production ir
order to get safety-and what de-
gree of safety should be set as q
goal. OF course, there is always
Government subsidy to fall back on
Evening star., 1947-04-13

'porary houses to be built this year
will complete the temporary pro-
gram. OF the 100000 permanent
homes scheduled for this year, 1e0,-
900 are planned by local authorities,
and $4,000 by private enterprise, with
the remaining $4,000 to be recon-
structed war-damaged houses on
which local authorities and private
builders will do the work.
The government is erecting only
temporary construction. Local au-
thorities and private enterprise
build permanent houses. ALI built
by government and local authorities
Evening star., 1947-04-13
By Richard Tombkins

By Richard Tombkins
LONDON. - Britain's "squatters''
have disappeared from the head
lines, but the plight Of the homeless
fingers on.
A cure has been planned in a vast
housing program, but 1t still is only
blueprint plan--on paper. 1t will
take years, even by optimistic esti-
mates, to complete the project and
provide the cure-a home for every
family. Meantime, the need remains
desperate.
Souatters brought the fostering
sore to a head last summer when
they occupied abandoned army
camps. They dramatized the situa-
ton by taking over several Of Lon
don's so-called luxury tiats-until a
high court decision called a halt.
A Grave Problem.
-Four men and one woman, all
Communists, were convicted on con-
spiracy charges stemmins from their
leadership In the September march
on the fats. Each was sentenced to
two years probation. Justice Win
tringham of Norton Stable, in his
decision, said:
"I am satisfied that what stimu-
lated your action was a very gen.
uine sense of distress at the predica-
ment in which these people found
themselves
Many squatters disclaimed con-
nection with the Communist Party.
Their problem, the story OF thou
sands of ex-servicemen and civilian
families who we're displaced by the
war, has been described by Col.
Gordon Larking, national vice presi-
dent of the British Legation, as one
"as grave as was the rearmament
problem of 1940."
Bed Down for Warmth.
The remaining London squatters-
about 75-are living In curtain-par-
titioned cubicles in the dormitory
section of Alexandra House. Thou
sands of others are barely existing
in squalid cold huts In deserted
camps.
Bushy Park, near Teddington.
Middlesex, former headquarters OF
Gen. Eisenhower and of the United
States Army Air Forces, has 90
families living In IS huts.
Families living in refrigerator"
huts at Durham, where icy winds
whistle through cracks, have found
staying in bed the only way to keep
warm.
In Alexandra House in London 1t
is warmer, but the outlook OF the
homeless is the same.
Vast Program Launched.
Now the government has launched
a vast housing program with an OBJ
iective of 900, 900 new homes In 1947
and more to come.
During six war years British home
building virtually stopped. Came
Hitler's bombs and 10000 houses
were destroyed, 25o,ooo seriously
damaged. 100000 less damaged.
The immediate need, the govern
ment said, was for l.250.o0o houses
10000 to provide every family with
a separate home. 100000 to replace
substandard dwellings. A growing
population has indicated a need for
5.o0o.0oo dwellings during the next
10 to 20 years.
The objective of the l947 pro-
gram Is to build 100000 permanent
and 5000 temporary homes-which
would place more than three-nfths
Of the present homeseekers In sep
arate dwellings and would rafs to
Evening star., 1947-04-13

are for rent: privately-built houses
are for sale.
The government is seeking dwell
ings to rent at moderate rates, and
wants an average Of four Torrent
homes to each one for sale.
Labor to Be Divided.
OF the 1000, ,oO0-man labor force
available to building and civil en-
gineering, about go per cent will de-
vote their work to housing, according
to government estimates-with $780,
900 working on permanent new con-
struction and 100000 on MAIN
tenance. repair, conversion, adapta-
ton and war-damage repair.
The government also has better
designs as an important part Of its
program-it holds that 900 square
feet be the minimum Of space for a
three bedroom house for Ave peo-
pie. and that other improvements
include better lighting equipment,
kitchen facilities and fitted cup
boards.
But no new homes will have CEN
tral heating. Coal CRATES will be
used. Approved kitchen units in
|clude a cooking range with con-
nections for hot-air circulation
throughout the house.
The government, looking ahead,
is planning satellite towns to re-
Ilieve big-city congestion, under the
direction of Lewis Silkin, minister
of town and country planning.
Weather Hurt, Too.
'London's 8,175 900 prewar popu-
lation is planned to be reduced by
10000 by building new towns far
enough away to be independent of
the capital, each town to have its
own industry and employment.
Other suburban towns would be
semi-independent of London. This
scheme has been opposed by resi-
dents of small towns and villages
who oppose encroachment on their
tradition and privacy.
Midwinter crises In the supply of
fuel and food. coupled with an
abundance of bad weather, brought
housing operations to a virtual
standstill.
BY February Is one reliable
source estimated building already
had been retarded by 10000 houses.
And, said this source, the full impact
of the interruption In the produc-
ton of building materials is yet to
be felt.
There are other serious problems
in the way of house construction
labor difficulties, hindrances in the
obtaining of permits and deficien-
cies in imports Of timber, lead, lin
seed oil and other products. The
governments recent economic white
paper said only rs per cent OF min
imum requirements are expected to
be available this year.
Materials Sought Abroad.
To relieve supply shortages pur-
chasing commission now is seeking
materials In Canada and the United
States.
Britain's only visible relief for the
homeless and the tenant is in some
one else's house. under a system OF
rent tribunals established last July
Reductions in rentals have been
granted by these tribunals in 1,7s5
out of 2,218 cases decided by the
tribunals.
Even inside the government there
has been much pessimisn.
One conservative member of Par
lament said.
The people have so little con-
fidence In the ability OF the govern
ment to carry out It's housing pro-
gram that one OF my constituents
has already entered her daughter
for a house, although she Is only
3 years old"
Distributed By tbs Assossetsd PTsss1
Evening star., 1947-04-13
Continued From Page CID


Labor Department for the Federal
Security Agency. The Interior De-
partment gets a new Bureau of
Land Management" by merging tbut
keeping) two old divisions. The
Agriculture Department takes under
its roof four independent agencies
which have been kicking around
since New Deal days: Agricultural
Adjustment Agency, surplus Mar
keting Administration, Crop Insur-
ance Corp. and Community Credit
Corp.
Senator Byrd's committee has
found that a Government agencies
work On housing, s3 On lend3ng. "a
Evening star., 1947-04-13

HirduS ana MoSlen16, which Is calIs-
ing bloody riots In many parts of the
country. accompanied by horrible
atrocities, wholesale destruction Of
property and the growing menace Of
religious civil war on a vast scale.
But there are other complications
threatening trouble the Sikhs, the
Hindu depressed classes" !" the native
princes and other lesser minorities
or special groups. The general pic
ture is one Of a country complexly
divided among factions, each Of
which tends to fear and mistrust
the others to a point where mutual
compromise and constructive coop
Grafton appears difficult If not i'm
possible. All Of these antagonisms
are of long standing. They existed
before Britain spread It's rule over
India, two centuries ago, and they
have persisted in latent form, ready
to burst forth again, once Britain
ceases to '11old the ring" So 1t
may be useful to take q survey of
Indis's historic past, In order to
understand why the Indians now
act the way they do.
Worlds Greatest Paradox.
To begin with, we should visualize
india, not as a country but Is q
subcontinent, within an area Of al
most 100000 square miles, geo.
graphically isolated by towering
mountains and the sea, and in
habited by nearly 10000, 900 human
beings differing profoundly from
one another In blood, religion.
speech, culture and outlook on life.
The story Of India thus boils down
to what Is probably the worlds
greatest paradox.
Geographically unit, India has
never known genuine political union
except that recently imposed from
without by the British ''Rajg Full
Of warlike stocks, India has never
been able to repel invaders. In
habited by many races. those races
have never fused, but have remained
distinct and mutually hostile, sun
dered by barriers of blood, speech,
culture and creed. Thus India. large
and populous as Europe or China,
has neither, like China, evolved a,
generalized unity; nor has it, like
Europe, become specialized diver
sity. Instead. India has remained
q fornnless. unstable indeterminate,
with tendencies in both directions
which were never carried to their
logical conclusion.
Indian history has been deter
mined by three great invasions:
The Aryan, occurring about 1900
BIC; the Mohammedan, running
internationally from 1000 to 1700
AID. and the English, beginning
about 1850 AID. and eliminating q
century later in full ascendancy.
Start of Caste System.
The Arysns were a fair-skinned
folk basically akin to ourselves,
Pouring through those northwestern
passes which alone give land-access
to India, the Aryans conquered the
small, dark skinned Dravidian sbo-
rigines and settled down as masters.
The conquest was. however, super
fcial and partial. Even in the
north, large areas Of hill country
and jungle remained in the hands
Of the aborigines, while few Aryans
penetrated the south. Over most of
India, therefore, the Aryans we're
q small ruling class superimposed
upon q much more numerous native
population.
Fearing to be swallowed up In the
dark Drsvidian ocean, the fair
Evening star., 1947-04-13
Internal Strife in India .
Started Centuries Ago
Grave Danger of 'Dogfght' Seen if British
Withdraw From Land Whose History Has
Been Determined by Many Invasions
By Lofhrob Sfoddayd

To most Americans the from India these days - puzng
dseng For have read about Indas struggle
freedom from British rule Now Britain only willing but
to turn India Indians
seemingly cannot themselves their prospective
freedom shall be established chiefly the quarrel between
Evening star., 1947-04-13
THE SUNDAY STAR, Washington, d (
SUNDAY. APRIL i3, iSu.
Argentine Press Is Free
But Not to Abuse Peron
Government Carefully Avoids Direct Control
and Censorship, Yet Applies Pressure
to Choke Off Editorial Critics
Rr Garnetf D. Horner

Argentina trying have its cake and
eat 1t. In the matter Of freedom of the press.
keep clear before world opinion preserving
constitutional guarantees press the time wants
ali Argentine to be friendly to the government
control OF the
Evening star., 1947-12-30
Truman Accepts Posi-
As Honorary Head Of
Brotherhood Week

President Truman has accepted
the honorary Craftsmanship OF
American Brotherhood Week, the
Washington Brotherhood Week
Committee announced yesterday at
q meeting in the Willard Hotel.
Brotherhood week, sponsored by
the National Conference of Chris
tians and Jews, will be held February
1928. General chairman Of the
week Is former Secretary OF War
Robert P. Patterson.
Accept Co-Chairmanship.
District Commissioners John Rus
sell Young, Guy Mason and Brig.
Gen. Gordon r. Young sent letters
accepting co-chairmanships OF the
Washington committee and pledging
support of the brotherhood week
objectives. Charles Stofberg, ex-
ecutive assistant to the Commis-
sioners, represented them at the
meeting.
Capt. Watson B. Miller, commits
sioner Of immigration and natural
ization, who will serve as chairman
of the District Brotherhood Week
Committee, presided.
President Truman in his letter &C
cepting the honorary Craftsmanship
said "as never before the world
needs brotherhood" Similarly, he
continued national unity and
strength depend upon the willing
Evening star., 1947-12-30
Loyalty Procedures
OF Review Board Are
Attacked by UPWA

A sharp attack on the loyalty pro-
cedures set up by the Federal
Loyalty Review Board has been
made by the CIO United Public
Workers Of America.
In a statement by Abram Flaxer,
UPWA president, the directives
issued by the board were described
as mere window dressing for police
state procedure.
Mr.. Flaxer, whose union previously
had registered It's unalterable oppo-
sition to President Truman's loyalty
order, said the rules and procedures
infringe on the civil rights Of all
Americans"
This is a police state procedure"
Mr.. Flaxer declared. THE Federal
police agency-the Federal Bureau
Of Investigation-is given exclusive
and unlimited authority not only to
investigate, but also to indict, to
prosecute, to weigh the evidence and
to pass judgment"
The UPWA president asserted that
"it Is almost unbelievable that a
group Of prominent citizens such as
make up the Loyalty Review Board
accepts this power Of thought cen
sorship in the hands Of one on1cial
of our Government"
Mr.. FlaXer attacked what he
charged was the failure in the regu-
lations to permit accused employees
to know the sources and full facts
relating to the charges against them.
"A good deal of emphasis is placed
in the directives and in the public
press to the three possible appeals
allegedly open to an employe &C
cused of disloyalty," Mr.. Flaxer said.
Actually, under the circumstances
in which these appeals are to take
place, it would make no difference
if there were 10 or 100 appeals"
He asserted that the Loyalty
Board appears willing to render
judgment on charge Of disloyalty
on the basis Of secret. hearsay tes-
timony."
Evening star., 1947-12-30

ness Of men Of all creeds, races and
national origins in America to re-
spect one another's rights and to
cooperate as citizens in all areas of
common conviction, concern and
responsibility.
Understanding Essential.
Mutual understanding and i'm
partial justice among Protestants,
Catholics and Jews are essential to
the perpetuation Of our Nations in
fluence and well-being," he declared.
Asserting intolerance is cancer in
the body polite" Mr.. Truman added,
I'VE must maintain respect for the
rights of every individual, inherent
in his relation to God"
Chairmen Of the following COM
|mittees were announced at the meet
ing: A. Julian Brylawski, theaters;
Evening star., 1947-12-30
TempIor Lodges Of Area
To Be Convention Hosts

The Grand Lodge of Maryland,
Virginia and the District, together
with National Capital Lodge No. l,
International Order of Good
Templars, will be hosts in Washing
ton this June for the national
Templars' convention.
DR.. j. Raymond Schmidt, Wash
ington, and Raymond E. Hardy,
Baltimore, will be in charge Of con-
vention arrangements.
Evening star., 1947-12-30

Larry Frommer and Mrs. Hazel
Kenyon Markell, co-chairmen, radio:
Frank La Falce, publicity; Alfred A.
McGarraghy, membership, and Dr.
Francis j. Brown, colleges.
Britain plans to export 81 10000
Of cosmetics a month by next July.
Evening star., 1947-12-30
Cupt. Dodson Will Head
Numismutics Society

Capt. o. H. Dodson, USN. has
been elected president of the Wash
ington Numismatics Society.
Other new officers are: E. Ward
Russell, vice president; Roy N.
Licari, secretary treasurer, and H. A,
Rothwell, sergeant-at-arms. FL
bridge Jones, David Rubin and
George s. Vanderwende were named
to the board of governors.
Evening star., 1947-12-30
THE EVENING STAR, Washington, D. c. As
80. l947. "a

He will be 68 on January 10.
Eugene S. Williams, 54-year-old
native of Romney, w. Va, who has
served "a years with the Western
Maryland, will succeed to the presi-
dercy. ~
Evening star., 1947-12-30

nounced his retirement plans yester-
day: The first week, I'll just sit.
The second week I may rock-a
little
Mr.. Brown will retire Thursday
after almost IA years as president.
Evening star., 1947-12-30
&c. W. Brown to Retire
As MARYLAND Rail Head

BY the Assoeated Press
BALTIMORE, Dec. 30.-CharleE
Walker Brown, president of the
Western Maryland Railroad, an.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1947-07-03
Tennis Tourney Is
Planned For Fourth

Plans for a Fourth of July tennis
tournament were announced by the
Bluffton Tennis club Tuesday to be
held at the club courts.
$3.50 A. M.-Roger Howe VS. Wood
row Little; Norman Triplet VS. Dick
Berky.
IL A. M.-Dale Reichenbach VS.
Lou Zeamans; Dale Good VS. Stan
Ellis.
/ P. M.-John Stonehill VS. Chas.
Steiner; Wilbur Howe VS. Morris
Triplett.
2:30 P. M.-Ropp Triplett VS.
Robert Simcox; Nate Ganger VS.
winner of Triplett-Berky match.
Drawings for doubles matches will
take place Friday afternoon and
finals are scheduled to be played on
Sunday.
Finals in the singles matches of
the Memorial day tournament were
played last Thursday when Roger
Howe won the title, defeating Wood
row Little, runnerup by score of
SO and 60.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1947-07-03
Couple Is We'd At
Home Of Minister

Wedding of Belle Hall, daughter
of Mr.. and Mrs. Wilbur Potee and
Roger Gossard, son of Mr.. and Mrs.
NJ. Gossard were married in a dou-
BILE ring ceremony at the home of
the officiating minister, Rev. Paul
Cramer of the Methodist church
Saturday evening.
The bride wore for the occasion
a gown of white silk orchid flowered
jersey with white feather hat and
accessories and carried a handker-
chief sent from France to her moth
er during the First World War 80
years ago.
The brides mother wore a suit of
soldier blue trimmed in sequins with
pink feather hat and accessories.
Mother of the bridegroom wore a
white silk jersey orchid lowered
dress and orchid hat with rosebud
corsage.
Following the ceremony they left
on a motor trip to the Great Smoky
mountains and on their return will
reside at Prospect street in Beaver
dam.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1947-07-03
Automobile Traffic
Check Will Be Made During July

A statewide traffic check sched-
uled for the month of July under
auspices of the Ohio Association of
Chiefs of Police will be handled in
this area by state highway patrol
men and city police forces.
Safety factors to be checked dur
ing the one-month campaign include
brakes, horns, windshield wipers,
headlights, tail lights, stop lights,
steering, rear vision mirrors and
tires.
1t. S. D. Augenstein, district pa
troll commander with headquarters
at Findlay, will be co-ordinator for
the Northwest Ohio district.
Allen and Putnam counties are in
Zone c in the area drive, with Chief
of Police Kermit Westbay, of Lima,
serving as zone co-ordinator.
Hancock county is in Zone F, with
Chief of Police Harold Fraley, of
Tiffin, directing the zone activities.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1947-07-03
Former Local Man
Hurt On Railroad

Robert Potee, 27, of Ft. Wayne,
son of Rell Potee, Mound street, is
in a hospital at Gary, Ind, as the
result of an accident which befell
him while working as a brakeman
on the Nickel Plate railroad near the
latter city Sunday afternoon.
His wife, the former Ruth Welty
of Bluffton after receiving word at
their home in Ft. Wayne of her
husbands injury left her 2-year-old
daughter Caryl Ann here at the
home of her parents Mr.. and Mrs.
Willis Welty of South Main street
Sunday night and went to Gary,
Monday morning.
Except to state that Potee suffered
leg injury, the message received
by his wife gave no indication as te
the extent or nature of the accident
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1947-07-03
Beaverdan

Mrs. Lou Nelson was hostess to
the Past Matron's Club of Bluffton
Chapter No. $50 Order of Eastern
Star at her home on Tuesday evening.
Present were Mrs. Hazel Todd, Mrs.
Evelyn Beals, Miss Theresa Slusser,
Mrs. Emma Studler, Mrs. Charlotte
Marshall, Mrs. Helen Worthington
and Miss Ruth Durkee.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Augsburger,
Mr.. and Mrs. VIM. Younkman and
grandson Bernard, Miss AIDA and
Glenn Yoakam were among those who
attended the Larue school reunion at
Lafayette Park on Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Brooks Burns and
sons of Oklahoma are guests of Mrs.
Cynthia Elliott and other relatives.
Mrs. Ella Yant was a Sunday din
ner guest Of Mr.. and Mrs. Grant Bar
Der and family.
Mrs. Robert Rhoades and daughter
Janice of Lima were Wednesday Wis
itors of Mr.. and Mrs. Homer Mar
shall.
Miss Ruth Durkee spent the week
end with Mrs. w. H. Fisher at Cairo
Mrs. Eta Yant was a Sunday din.
ner guest of Mr.. and Mrs. Lawrence
Yant.
Guests at the Beaverdam Metho-
dist Parsonage last Sunday were Mr.
and Mrs. o. d. Grim and children
Ito Jean, a student in Ft. Wayne
Nancy Lou, Roger and Garry OF
Pleasant Bend; Mr.. and Mrs. Robert
Herr and son Bruce of Defiance.
Rev. and Mrs. L. Dow Fauver of
Beaverdam were guests at Lakeside
part of last week, attending the
Northeast Ohio Methodist Annual
Conference.
~ Charles Timothy and Bobbie Eau.
yer of Wauseon will be guests OF
their grandparents, Rev. and Mrs
L. Dow Fauver at Beaverdam over
the Fourth of July and coming week
end.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1947-07-03
Church To Pray For
World Peace Sunday

Special prayers for world peace
will be offered in the First Men
monte church during the Sunday
morning service, it was announced
by the pastor, Rev. ]. N. Smucker.
Because of his absence the services
will be in charge of Rev. G. 7.
Soldner.
The Middle District Mennonite
conference in session here last month
recommended that the Sunday near
est to independence day be set aside
as "a day of prayer, seeking guild
ance from Almighty God in regard
to this threat to world peace"
The conference also suggested that
the day be observed as a time of
confession and penitence for our
many SINS"