Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1947-09-09

the entire economy at once" The
increased production must start in
such bottleneck industries as coal
and food and the industries which
lie back of them, and then spread
as rapidly as possible to other in
dustries."
Full Utilization Of Capacity.
3. Production must concentrate
ION the full utilization of existing
capacity before long-range plans
of development and expansion are
undertaken"
4. The goals Of production must
be higher than prewar. 1.-THE
necessity for higher levels Of out
put than before the war is the re-
suit of the fact that requirements
for reconstruction are large; that
exports must exceed prewar levels
to purchase the same volume of
imports because of the loss of for
eign investments and shipping
fleets; that populations have in
creased, except in France, so that
there are more mouths to be fed,
more bodies to be clothed, more
heads to be covered with roofs"
AS for when the job will be COM
plete, the report says this:
THE reconstruction of Europe
generally will not have been COM
plete until the countries Of Europe
no longer require special aid in
the form of relief or loans to main
tain a level of imports required for
their sustenance."
Russia Lays in Comeback.
The report found that by-and-
large Western Europe is making a
quicker postwar comeback than
Russia and her seven satellite
nations.
Russia chose, both for herself ano
her satellites, to boycott the mutua.
help program envisioned by Secre.
tary Marshall. At the time Amer
lean economists said the choice
probably was made at the cost Of
lower living standards in the Sovie,
sphere.
Trade figures contained in the
report made available today appear
to bear out that prediction.
They show that 1916 exports from
the IL countries of Western Europe
covered in the survey attained 49,:
per cent of the 1898 rate considered
normal. The eight eastern coun.
tries, including Russia, show a re.
covery to only 1915 per cent.
Russian Trade Better!
Russia herself, however, is enjoy.
ing a much healthier foreign trade
than any of her satellites. Soviet
exports are listed at TAI per cent
of 1888 and imports at 1858 per cent
Total exports for Finland, Czecho'
slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Yugo.
slavia, Bulgaria and Poland, are put
at 1872 per cent and imports at 81
per cent.
Western Europe's imports are
rated at 68.7 per cent.
These figures, although they re.
veal that Western Europe is able tt
export more than Eastern Europe
also show that Western Europe il
piling up international debts faster
since 1t is buying more. And most Of
those debts are owed to the United
States.
Portugal, according to the report
is making money faster than any
other nation in Europe. 1t Is buy
ing at 121 per cent Of the 1888 rate
but selling at 173 per cent. Spain Ii
the only other Western European
nation which Is piling up credits
selling more than it Is buying al
percentages of 81.7 and 53.5, respec-
lively. Both countries were neutral
during the war.
Russia PIing Up Debts.
In the Russian orbit both Czecho'
slovakia and Yugoslavia are selling
more than they are buying.
Russia, herself, is piling up som'
debts at her 96.8 per cent buyint
rate and TAI selling figure.
On that score Britain is playing
it closer to the vest, importing at
rate of 61.8 per cent of 1888 bu
selling at 84.8 per cent.
i The Western European nation
on which this report is based omi
four which have taken part in tn
Paris talks on the Marshall plan
Iceland, Fire, Luxembourg ane
Turkey - but do include Spain
which was not invited to Paris.
The report provides this tabl
comparing 1916 imports and export
with 1888:
Imports. Exports