davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-07-05
Revompinq the House of Lords

The British Labor Party's decision to
alter radically both the powers and COM
position of the House of Lords fore
shadows another major landmark in the
long course of Britain's constitutional his
tory. During the opening decade of the
present century, the Lords lost much of
their political power, but they still have
the power to delay the decisions of the
House of Commons. Furthermore, the
Lords are still hereditary body, with
certain exceptions, such as Lords Bishops
and Law Lords, who acquire their seats by
virtue Of their Office and cannot transmit
their titles and memberships to their
eldest sons.
In typically British fashion, the changes
meditated by Labor are to be made only
after the issue has been put before the
electorate and thoroughly debated in the
next general election, which will normally
be held in 1850. And even then, the Lords,
by use of their present prerogative, could
twice reject the bill for their own demo-
ton, which would consume another two
years, since Commons must wait year
before again sending up bill thus rejected
by the Upper Chamber. Lastly, such action
would be taken only in the event OF another
Labor victory in general election, since
it is most unlikely that either the Con-
servative or Liberal Parties would support
the measure.
There are two main ideas in the Labor
proposal. The FIRST Of these Is reduce the
Evening star., 1947-07-05
Summer Sunset

Now drops the great red ball low above
the hills Midsummer ocean stretches
quietly to the line that divides the water
and the sky. Quietness rests on sandy
beaches, rolling dunes and grassy marshes.
In little fishing harbors dories ride at
anchor, dipping quietly with the water.
Gulls slowly beat homeward to nesting
sites, quiet now that day is ending. Far
across the waters trails of pearl-gray
smoke mark the path of a coastal ship.
Quietness falls gently on earth and sea.
Minute by minute the sun closes the gap
between earth and sky. Groups of people
gather on granite headlands, plank piers
and jutting promontories to watch days
requiem. Purple, orange, scarlet and gold
are the colors above the sinking sum- AS
the sun drops behind the hill there is a
brief period of breath-taking beauty. Great
broad splashes of bright colors are thrown
into the sky, lighting the land beneath.
Then the brightness slowly fades but
for long minutes there is beauty in the
sky-a softer blending of colors more salts
flying perhaps than the stark emphasis
before. The light blues and yellows and
SHdueS u pro1lle paluL pdSCel plCtuIe
Across the steel-gray water is shimmering
wide path reflected from the color spot
where the sun has dropped from sight.
Sometimes across the bay the path leads
from land to land. Moment by moment
the color lessons. Dusk pushes the last of
daylight over the horizon. Stars break
through the curtain above Far up the
coast the first flash from the LIGHTHOUSE
tears a rip in the gathering blackness. A
night heron calls from its perch on the
trap-net buoy. A summer day is ended.
The peace and quiet of summers night
rests on the ocean,
Evening star., 1947-07-05
The World Police Problem

To the extent that they translate the
problem into more concrete terms, the nrst
provisional estimates on the size ana
makeup of a world police force represent
some progress. But they will remain largely
meaningless until there Is full agreement
among the powers on operating principles
and on other vital issues as well, not
excepting the issue whether the United
Nations itself is to continue In It's present
form.
The difficulties blocking such an agree
ment are typified by the fact that the Big
Five members of the Security Councls
Military Staff Committee have been unable
to settle their differences even as regards
the preliminary estimates. The United
States has suggested force made up OF
the following elements: O An air arm OF
$500 bombers, fighters and miscellaneous
military planes; (2) ground strength add
ing up to 20 divisions, and (39 naval power
consisting of more than 200 vessels, rang
ing from battleships to assault craft Inc
French have proposed much less than this
The British, with the Chinese concurrlng'
have offered still smaller figures. AS Tor
the Russians, they have declined to submit
any at all, arguing that 1t will be pointless
to do so while basic policing principles
remain up in the air.
These principles were drawn up in the
Military Staff Committees first report to
the Council two months ago. They num-
Der forty-one in all. OF these, twenty six
have been supported unanimously by the
committees members. but the remainder
with the Soviet Union the chief but not
sole dissenter-are still subject to dispute.
Nor is it probable that there will be agree
ment on them for long time to come.
The world is still made up of nations
extremely distrustful of each other. Ac
cordingly, as in 30 many other matters,
they are slow to see eye to eye on such
questions as how contributions to the
police force are to be apportioned among
them and on ways of pooling military in
formation or arranging for bases to be
handed over to the United Nations. The
truth is that even If full understanding
were reached on these and similar conten-
, tious points, effective policing would still
be far from realization. Subject to the
veto power of any Of the Big Five, it could
he useful at best only to stop trouble
among the smaller nations and there, too,
the veto could impede swift action.
Thus, everything considered, the most
We can expect In this field is progress by
slow stages. What Is primarily needed is
Evening star., 1947-07-05
New Coal WAGES

1t has been estimated that the new wage
increase and other benefits won by John L.
Lewis for his coal miners will add $780,
900 a year to the costs OF the steel
industry and boost the price of coal to the
consumer seventy-five cents ton.
Perhaps experience, will show these esti-
mates to be excessive over the long pull,
for the history of American industry re-
veals that higher wages have been accom-
panied by greater productivity. Today
industry, or at least many industries, can
produce products at prices far below what
the cost of production would have been
in the old days of low wages and inefficient
methods. So it is reasonable to hope that,
in time, some part of the apparent higher
costs resulting from the new coal wage
scale will be Offset by improved production.
Still, the immediate prospect is that
inflationary processes at work in the coun-
try will get a new shot in the arm, and this
will be the more true if, as Is to be expected,
other union leaders should try to get as
much for their members as Mr.. Lewis has
gotten for his. What the ultimate result
will be is difficult to say. A substantial
increase in the volume of production could
soften and perhaps absorb the impact on
the economy of another sharp advance in
buying power. If the increase in produc-
ton should fail to materialize, then the
rise in prices and the advance in earnings
could be disastrous.
In either event, however, it is form
of wishful thinking to expect that workers,
with controls lifted, will, abstain from
efforts to increase their incomes merely
because they may be building up inf1a-
tionary pressures. Human nature being
what it is, that is too much to ask.
And certainly, nothing constructive will be
achieved by sitting back and denouncing
unions because they try to. get as much as
they can for their members. They have
always done that and they always will.
With respect to the miners, there are
good arguments for higher wages. With
the new increases, their basic daily wage
will. be $13.05 for eight hours underground.
Measured against what they were paid a
few years ago, that is lot of money. But
if it is measured against current wages for
other types of work, and If the peculiarly
hazardous and difficult characteristics of
coal mining are taken into account, it does
not seem excessive. Few of those who are
complaining about the new wage scale
would want to dig coal for living even at
$1305 day.
Evening star., 1947-07-05
The Young and Lonely

The vouth has Hped too short time to feel
Secure pithin himself. The coming years
Are dim as starlight when the sun appears
To meet harpest moon Nth siluer ,Dheel.
His childhood hours haze been too te1o to
steel
His mind to pain that cannot yield to
tears,
A uessel filled ,oith joy or subtle tears
His heart Is s,Daying or uneuen keel.
In restlessness he tries to lose himself,
To speed auay to far, uncharted seas,
TO ind the peace that man has neper
kno,Dn;
And, lifting anchor from the dark-blus
shelf,
With filling sails he scuds before the breess
TO seek the land that each must make hts
oun. SARAH LOIS CRIME.
Evening star., 1947-07-05
Dependent Parents Claims


To the Editor of The Star:
1t is a shameful act of ingratitude to the un-
married men who died in action, having been
the support of dependent parents before the
Government called them away from their jobs.
that such dependent parent receives only a
$54 compensation, and only Sc more If there are
two, while dependents (even foreign wives) of
deceased servicemen who never were employed
nor married nor had any dependents before
entry into the armed forces are allowed $50
for the widow and $18 for one child and more
if there are additional children, besides receiv-
ing other benefits.
Certainly the Government Is responsible for
the loss of income of dependent parents Of
men who died in action and one dependent
parent should receive the same as a widow,
and, if there are two, the same amount as
widow and one child, especially If the deceased
war hero signed allotment papers evidencing
dependency before death In action.
New York City. MRS. HELEN FOSTER.
Evening star., 1947-07-05
Gold Star Mothers

The Civil Service Commission has shown
good Judgment in withdrawing It's "rou-
tine" objection to bill which would ex-
tend civil service preferential benefits to
widowed mothers of servicemen killed or
totally disabled in line of duty during the
war. The commissions former position in
opposition to the measure was in line with
It's traditional policy of resisting, as a
general principle, any exceptions to estab
ished rules of the competitive civil service
program.
But the fact is that, despite the COM
MISSIONS attitude, exceptions already have
been written into the law in behalf OF
veterans and the widows or wives of serv-
icemen killed or totally disabled in the
war. Through an obvious oversight, no
provision was made under the veterans
preference legislation for the widowed
dependent mothers of men killed or
permanently invalided while serving their
country. This omission cannot reasonably
be defended.
Recognizing the inequities of the situa-
ton, the House Civil Service Commission
recently approved an amendment to the
Veterans Preference Act designed to cor
rect the injustice done the small group
involved. These unfortunate mothers
thus would receive the same civil service
benefits now accorded the wives of the
totally disabled, or the widows of the
dead heroes. The chief benefit will be a
ten-point stepup in examination rating
The House committee properly recognized
that the Governnoayt hoc UpooroI obIioo
ton" to see that the widowed mothers
receive consideration equar to that given
widows and wives. Thereupon the Civil
Service Commission reconsidered the mat
ter in the light of moral obligations" as
well as general principles" and decided to
withdraw its opposition. The chances of
the bills passing therefore have been
greatly improved. Congress will be per-
forming an act of simple justice to a
deserving group of women If it gives
prompt approval to this small but sig
nificant measure
Evening star., 1947-07-05
By THE HAsKIN SERVICE

@. What became of the Navy's first SUBJ
marine, the U. S. S. Holland?-L v. E.
A. The Holland was removed from the Navy
list in 1910 and eventually sold as scrap. She
was put on public exhibition in 1915 but scrap
ping apparently was completed 1s17-1S
O. How long does it take baseball to travel
from the pitcher to the catcher and from one
base to another?-J. F.
A. A pitched ball travels from the pitcher to
the catcher in about one-haf second or slight
" less. A fast ball travels from 125 to 140 feet
per second ball thrown from the catcher to
second base would require about one second or
a fraction more to reach Its destination
throw from one base to another would take
approximately three-fourths Of a second.
Q. How far behind the peak prewar registra-
ton Of automobiles is the present registration
figure?-L M. G.
A. The largest number of cars ever registered
was 29,507,113 in 1941. This was about two and
a half million more than the number regis
tered last year.
@. Which Is the correct designation of the
country, Irish Free State or Eire?-B. j. A.
A. Under the constitution operative from De-
cember %, 1887, the name Irish Free State was
replaced by that Of Fire. In ofdcial American
usage the name Is Ireland.
Evening star., 1947-07-05

Unless the
housewife be-
comes aroused
er present
food conditions
and demands
that Congress
curb tn e. e
shortages (in
the midst OF
plenty) MANU-
triton faces us
Evening star., 1947-07-05

a far-reaching change for the better in
the international atmosphere. When we
have that-and it is desperately needed to
keep the United Nations alive-then we
can hope that the world will be able,
step by step, to work out overall policing
arrangements strong enough to prevent
a self-annihilating cataclysm in the age
of the atom.
Evening star., 1947-07-05
If residence

B e + ore I
came here to
live, Washing
ton, to me, con-
sisted Of : few
small parks;
the Washing
ton, Lin c o n
and Jefferson
monuments; a
triangle of con-
Evening star., 1947-07-05
Government Responsibility?

oOVeIHIIleHl NSSpOIISIDIIIVy9
To the Editor Of The Star:
We say the home, school and church should
work together to prevent juvenile crime. No
mention is made of the functions Of gov
ernment, be it Federal, State, county or city,
whose duty it is to provide for the general
welfare of all by doing something to prevent
the disintegration Of American families
It seems the aims Of government are to Jail
people, levy taxes and make politicians wealthy.
These trying times remind me Of the last
days of the Roman Empire. BEWuDERD.
Evening star., 1947-07-05

Government has title to suboceanic petro-
leum off the California coast, putting an
end to long dispute over troubled oil
under the waters.
Evening star., 1947-07-05
Questions and Answers

reader can obtain the answer to any question
of fact by writing The Evening Star information
Bureau 316 I Street NE. washington 2: p g.
Evening star., 1947-07-05

According to the Federal rent control
bill a fifteen per. cent increase is legal
If landlord and tenant sit down with each
other and agree. 1t is anybodys guess
what happens If they stand up to each
other and fight,
Evening star., 1947-07-05

over the presidential veto by = majority vote
instead by two-thirds vote of both houses
of Congress. HENRY WARE ALLEN.
Wichita Kans.
Evening star., 1947-07-05
ROBERT A. HUTCHIsON.
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
The column, "Know Your History" by Briga-
dier General Paul c. Paschal, U. S. A., Retired,
has held unusual interest for my family and
me. Not only is it an interesting test Of our
knowledge of history, but it also has added
additional information on this subject for all
OF us.
I sincerely hope this feature will continue
to appear in your paper.
JOHN B. ANDERSON.
Evening star., 1947-07-05

A Baltimorean has invented mechan-
ical pitcher. There may be place for it
in the big leagues if he can teach it to
field bunts and squawk at the umpire.
Evening star., 1947-07-05
Letters to The Star
Wartime Washingtonian Praises Citys Beauty and a
Housewife Complains of High Prices
70 the Editor Of The ssar.

To the Editor Of The Star:
As prepare to return to the hinterland at
the end Of . term of war service in the Nations
Capital, should like to report a few of the
impressions made upon me during this period
Evening star., 1947-07-05
Thanks for Outings Provided.
~ of

Thanks for Outings Provided.
To the Editor of The Star:
The Summer Outings Committee of the Fam
lily Service Association wishes to extend its
most heartfelt thanks to The Star for its gen.
erosity and true spirit of public service in plac
ing before the people of greater Washington the
benefits of camping experience for children.
We, OF the committee. are grateful for your
gift Of $500 to our program operating in CO.
operation with 10 other health and welfare Or
ganizations. It should be heart-warming
thing to know that through your efforts. we will
now be able to provide for 240 more children
whom we otherwise would have had to turn
away.
You have given these children three weeks
of sunshine, hiking on shaded trails, invigorat-
ing swims in woodland pools. You have given
them three weeks Of rich, nourishing meals
planned by trained dietitian; health super
vision by registered nurses; guidance by friend
ly counselors. You have opened the worlds of
music, arts and crafts, dranatics and nature
to them by providing skilled instructors. You
have substituted laughter and songs by out
door camp1res for drab streetcorner play.
For all these things we thank YOU
FAY r. BENTLEY, Chairman,
Summer Outings Committee.
Evening star., 1947-07-05

Letters for publication must bear
the signature and address OF the
,oriter, although it is permissible for
,Driter knoyn to The Star to use a
non, de plume. Please be brief.
Evening star., 1947-07-05
Know Your History

To the Editor of The Star:
In recent issue of The Star, under the
caption Know Your History" 1t Is stated that
Harvard is the oldest college in the United
States
While Harvard was established as primary
school in 1889, it was not chartered as an in
stitution of higher education till after the Col
lege of William and Mary was chartered in
1693
I was a visitor at Harvard some time ago,
when the same claim Of seniority was made,
and 1 called for the record, which supported
my statement.
ROBERT A. HUTCHINSON.
Evening star., 1947-07-05

Through senseless support programs, voted
by Congress, and export abuses, prices have
skyrocketed out of reach Of the average pocket
book. Is there any wonder that people are
discouraged and frustrated when essential
foods, milk, meat, cheese, eggs, butter and
grains are breaking all records?
Just as soon as prices start down the Gov
eminent steps in with exaggerated predictions
of scarcities, raises support levels or increases
overseas shipments which reverse the price
trend. This manipulation distorts the whole
price structure.
Last week corn prices reached an all-time
high after the release of the corn crop damage
report However, the remaining crop still COM
pares favorably with prewar years.
An egg shortage this fall can be placed in
the lap of the Department OF Agriculture.
On May /, at the height Of the storage season,
the support price paid per pound for powdered
eggs was increased six cents, which diverted
10 the professors fresh eggs that should have
gene into storage. Millions of pounds of pow
dered eggs are filling storage space but the
processing goes on unabated.
Heavy shipments of butter to Africa in re-
cent weeks and extensive buying Of lard for
export are potent factors in the price rise of
these two commodities.
Mountains of potatoes bought with the tax
payers money, under the same preposterous
program, were recently dumped, saturated with
kerosene "a scarce oil item) in order to hold
the price up.
Can these practices continue longer without
serious consequences? Let the voters unite
and demand that the price support program
be repealed. If this isn't done, these abuses
will continue until the end of 194s, as the law
provides What we need is less Government
price control, not more. DOROTHY DAVIS.
Evening star., 1947-07-05
Complaint About Prices


With complete apathy the average American
IS being engulfed in the quicksand of depression
without making the slightest effort to stop
rising costs through protests and boycotts.
Evening star., 1947-07-05
Vetoes Irrational and Otherwise

VetoeS Irrational and OtherWlse
To the Editor of The Star:
Should not the veto power OF the President
be restrained? Is it not absurd to assume that
any President is possessed of greater wisdom
or integrity than that Of the combined MEM
bership of the Senate and the House of Rep
resentatives? Giving the President power to
nuUify an act of Congress would seem to be
irrational unless the veto were sustained by
majority vote of Congress. At times carelessly
enacted congressional measures should be
vetoed When Cleveland was President he
vetoed a 5000 farm relief bill for two good
reasons: % because such . measure would be
unconstitutional (2) because it is the province
of the people to support the Government but
not the province of the Government to support
the people This, Of course, was long before
socialistic changes were made in the Govern
ment at Washington Perhaps 1t would be well
to enable the passage Of an act Of Congress
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1947-08-01

Plenty of anSemitic Matchmaking speeches
THAT occasion and literature of the kind distributed
that three of MEETINGS. organizers
Jail Special Sessions Judge Curan said piece
vlainOus venomous,
and hatredncitng statements that
lin his e That gives good idea of the kind Christian
nAmercan activity dealing with where the christian
Front"
The leaflets advertising the fronts recent activities
June 25h boosted Douglas Macarthur President
carried the slogan "For Christ Country"
quick deception
ymen joined other citizens protest to the Mayor of New
York requesting whatever civil necessary to
prevent repetition previous Christian Front meeting At the
same time Macarthur approved
1.-THE Fronts" his replied 81 know nothing whatever of
the action you described in your message"
The Front dcredted again being neither Christian
patriotic What people York City did when subversve
group raised it's people every American community
land should, do circumstances.
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1947-08-01
THE DOMESTIC SCENE
BY BORIS SINCLAIR

youth today leadership
Jewish declarations welfare funds beginning
special attention to organizing Jewish youth Onby the Jew
youth groups being Embarrassing actually
organizing
leadership The rehabilitation Jewish councils
within the structure central community organizations
with young
1t is developing successfully thirty-one
reported that $15OO
their youth divisions This the figure will be higher
Appeal already Atlanta
Welfare Campaign $4,000
Constituting community,
Jewish divisions great
help cemenng Jewish unity They break the
adults Working together
friendships
might have into being
youth groups represented community
council federation the whole leaders
training youth activities greatest
education giving" youth receive literature
speeches. lectursye relatively
uneducated concerning the Jewish problem It
youth gives ability give
becomes conscious of the actual problems Jewish life TA
The Southern Jewish weekly. [volume] (Jacksonville, Fla.) 1939-1992, 1947-08-01
Applying General Principles To Palestine

The drawing analoges between Palestine and the rest of the
world where either been pledged or is in process
being achieved false There analogy between Palestine
analogy between the Jews
ana any other world Palestine unique the Jews
unique The Jews rights and claims in Palestine are unique Hence
mink analogy only lead to confusion and TO
results which not justified by the facts.
Implicit 1917 in the Mandate which
subsequently upon Bafour Declaration and in the
of the mandatory is the establishment OF jewish
National Home Surely you going to have Jewish National
nome country where the Jews are to
ne minority kind of ghetto in their homeland
to apply the principle of segoverment before you nave at
an equality population between Jews and Arabs is TO preu
~e The whole issue in favor of the Arabs
JAMES G. MCDONALD