davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-03-10
Supreme Court
Backs Foreman
Unions, 5to4
Opinion of Majority
Written by Jackson
In Packard Case
by the Associosed Press

The Supreme Court ruled, 5-4,
today that employers must bar
gain with foremen's unions.
The ruling was made on an ap-
peal by the Packard Motor Co. of
Detroit from a National Labor Re-
lations Board decision. The COM
pany contended foremen were not
employees within the meaning of
the Wagner Labor Relations Act.
Justice Jackson delivered the
courts majority decision. Justice
Douglas wrote a dissent in which
Chief Justice Vinson and Justice
Burton concurred. Justice Frank
furter also dissented from the ma
Jority, although not concurring en-
tlrely in the views Justice Douglas
expressed for the minority.
Question Long at Issue.
FOR the majority Jackson said:
THE context of the Qabor rela-
tlons) act. we think, leaves no room
for construction of the section
Onvolved in this case) to deny the
organlzational privilege to employees
because they act in the interest of
an employer.
Every employe from the very fact
OF employment in the masters busi-
ness is required to act in his in
terest."
The question of whether foremen
have the same status as other em-
ployes under the Fair Labor Stand.
ards Act Is one that has long been
an issue in industry.
Among the new labor laws cur
rently being discussed in Congress
are proposals to exempt foremen
from the law.
The NRLB Act guarantees work.
ers the right to organize and bar
gain collectively with their employ
ers.
Ruling Is First on Issue.
Today's ruling was the Supreme
Courts first on the issue. The labor
board has deferred decisions on
other foremen's cases pending this
decision.
The ruling was the courts inter-
probation of the intent of Congress
on the question when it passed the
Wagner Labor Relations Act in 1885.
Packard argued before the NLRB
that the act was not intended to
cover foremen-that foremen were
a part of management itself which
must sit on the other side of the
bargaining table from the workers.
Packard's contention was over
ruled by the NLRB on a 2-to-1 vote.
The United States Circuit Court in
Cincinnati upheld the board by a
2-to-l vote. Packard then appealed
to the Supreme Court.
The Labor Board ordered Packard
to bargain with the Foremen's Asso-
citation Of America, an independent
union not affiliated with the CIO
United Auto Workers. The latter
is the production workers union at
the Packard plant.
The circuit court indicated It
might have ruled differently if the
Packard forenlen were members of
a rank and file production workers
union.
Packard Relied on Definition.
Packard, in appealing to the ST.
preme Court, cited the Wagner Acts
definition of employer as including
"any person acting in the interest
Of any employer directly or .ndi-
rectly." The company said its l,100
&C.. EODrNEENI 11.--H q
Evening star., 1947-03-10
By the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press
A political slugfest over budget
cutting promised to spice House
debate today on the first regular
appropriation bill to reach the
floor since Republicans won con-
troll OF Congress.
Republican members were ready
to use the $12 ,388, ,029 ,971 Treasury
Post Office supply measure as an
example that they meant business
when they announced they would
cut $4,000, 100000 from President
Trumans $37 SOC, ,0oo, GOO budget for
l94s.
The final decision on the budget
cut had not been reached, however
Senator Taft of Ohio, one of the
top Republican leaders, proposed
yesterday that the Senate and
House conferees on the budget cell
ing resolution now before them
agreed on a 5,000, ,000, 900 slash and
use $500 600, 900 to reduce income
taxes 20 per cent.
Senator Taft made his proposal
on radio program on which
Beardsley Ruml, chairman of the
New York Federal Reserve Bank
also appeared. Mr.. Ruml suggested
an $4,000, ,000, 900 tax cut. He was
one of the authors of the present
pay ay-as-you-go" tax program.
Democrats Lie in Wait.
Pointing to the 1897, ,072,75 slice
recommended by the House Appro-
priations committee in Treasury
Post Office funds for next year
Chairman Taber said today that ii
is proof enough of Republican de-
termination.
But Democrats. calling the bill,
a "phony" and a "sham." awaited
the opportunity to shout theil
charges. of bookkeeping economy.
They contend $500. 100000 of the
total cut is in the 81" category
contingent on tax refunds drop
ping at least that much next year
The $500, ,000, 900 was chopped by
the committee from the Treasury's
estimate of what it will need te
pay tax refunds in the 1948 fsca,
year. The committee said it hac
reason to believe the money woE't
Evening star., 1947-03-10
And Now Let's Get to Work,
Says MoIotov to Ministers
Marshall, Arriving on Time, Waits
Ten Minutes for Others to Show Up
By NewboId Noyes, Jr.
r

MOSCOW, Mar. 10.-The Con-
ference of Foreign Ministers
went to work today at a big
round table in the Moscow
Flyers Club at 5:38 pm. Moscow
time (9:38 am. EST.
At that time the photographers,
who had been swapping pictures,
were ushered from the room. The
last thing they heard as they went
Evening star., 1947-03-10

oeo WIZ doo1 w do
Soviet Foreign
Minister Molo-
TOW speaking in
English.
And now," he
said, "let's get
down to work. :"
Mr.. Molotoy's
use of English
a t diplomatic
C o n f e re ces
previously h a S
been limited to
a n occasional
no" or an in
frequent ives /"
American Sec
Evening star., 1947-03-10
TOTO, With High Fever,
Rushed Back to Hospital
sy The A.soe;otsd Press

TOKYO, Mar. 10.-Hideki TOTO,
suffering from high fever, was
rushed back to United States Army
hospital today. The former Premier
was taken to the hospital Thursday
and his case was diagnosed as bron-
|chitis. He was returned 70 Sugamo
Prison this morning when his tem-
|perature rose again.
He is on trial with Is other former
japanese leaders on war crimes
charges.
Evening star., 1947-03-10

TAAAoi ASoii ocC- NeWb0ld Noyes, tr.
retary of State Marshall was the
only one of four ministers, here to
make a start on the business of
drafting peace treaties for Germany
and Austria, to arrive at this first
session on time. He appeared
promptly at S and seated himself
Evening star., 1947-03-10
(Tert OF SoDiet Con1munique
on Page 'A-3.)
By the Associated Press

LONDON, Mar. 10.-The Mos
cow radio, in a communique tell
ing of the opening of the Foreign
Ministers Conference today,
omitted reference to the pro-
posed German peace treaty but
said "the preparation of the
draft peace treaty with Austria
was on the agenda.
The communique in its reference
to the Reich said only that "a num-
ber of most important questions con-
corning Germany" were to be de-
cided.
This lent support to the view ex-
pressed in other countries that the
Foreign Ministers probably could
not complete action at the current
session on making peace with Ger
many.
Soviet Foreign Minister Molctov
told his American, British and
French counterparts that the four
countries faced a task that was not
easy, but said they had q reliable
basis for joint work"
Mr.. Molotov- mentioned "the his
toric decisions adopted at the con-
ferences of the Allies in the Crimea
and in Berlin" and praised the work
of "our deputies in London and the
control council in Germany"
The broadcast added that "a num-
Der of organizational questions" were
decided by the Foreign Ministers
and said Mr.. Molotov was chosen
chairman of the first days session.
The Craftsmanship will rotate.
Evening star., 1947-03-10

when Mr.. Barkley was elected to the
House In 1918. They have spent
most OF their time here since then,
rearing their three children in this
city. Senator Barkley entered the
Senate In 1927, and has been Demo-
tsee MRS. BARKLEY Page Al,
Evening star., 1947-03-10
Russians Indicate
Doubt Of Complete
Action on Germany
BULLETIN
BULLETIN

MOSCOW R.-Soviet For
eign Minister Molotov unex-
pectedly injected the political
situation in China into the
opening session of the Foreign
Ministers Council today, ask
ing that the United States,
Britain and Russia exchange
information on conditions
there.
An immediate decision was
blocked by Secretary of State
Marshall, who said he wanted
to think over the request over
night. Mr.. Molotov asserted
the situation in China had not
improved since December, 1945.
Evening star., 1947-03-10

(See MOSCOW. Page
Evening star., 1947-03-10
Fight Over Budget Cut
Is Brought 10 Floor
By First Supply Bill
Opinion on Savings Made
So Far Splits Along
Straight Party Lines

DIRKSEN SEES $4,000 dismissals
under Treasury-Post Office budget
cuts. Page Az
Evening star., 1947-03-10

lSee DURANT, Page A-40
Evening star., 1947-03-10

(See FOREMEN, Page AS
Evening star., 1947-03-10

(See TRUMAN. Page ABB
Evening star., 1947-03-10

(See CHINESE. Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1947-03-10

(See ROXAS. Page A-40
Evening star., 1947-03-10

(See MOVES, Page A-30
The Omaha guide., 1947-02-01
THE ROAD
TO HEALTH
EATING FOR LONG LIFE
(by Eugene H. Dibble, Jr., M. D.
Medical Director
Tuskegee Institute, Alabama)

Mrs. jackson thinks she has
pellagra," my office nurse told me.
"She wants an appointment with
you right away"
I didn't think there was much
chance of Mrs. Jackson's having
that dreadful disease, since I knew
her quite well. Still it was no
laughing matter. Pellagra kills
several thousand people in all
parts of the United States every
year. Climate has nothing to do
with it, but diet has. It is caused
by a lack of niacin, part of the Wit
amin B complex, and is found
wherever people eat too much
starchy food and not enough fresh
meat and vegetables.
When Mrs. Jackson came in, she
started right in to tell me that she
had pelagra.
Il just know it, Doctor. My IA
Their died Of it when I was q girl,
and I have the same symptoms. !
remember how it started with him.
! HeIwas weak and tired and he had
pains in his head. He used to for
get things. And he couldn't sleep
at night"
do you feel the same way?" !
asked.
"Just about. I don't. seem to
have any pep. I just don't feel
healthy. And I worry all the time.
And last Wednesday I forgot what
day it was and didn't get to prayer
meeting at ALL"
| 1t wasn't surprising that such a
The Omaha guide., 1947-02-01
HAWKINS Talking

The Near Northside Y Basket
ball team beat a willing Lincoln
Urban League team by a score of
40 to 81 at the Central z down
town. btf sEGt 5lA
The first quarter ended in a dead
lock s to 8. Both teams showing
q nice defense. The second quar-
ter found the Northsiders holding
a slight lead Of 10 to Is.
The second half started with the
YMCA pulling away. At the end
of the third quarter the score was,
YMCA %; Urban League 10.
During the fourth quarter with a
lead of 40 to 81, the Northside Y
pulled the (Globe Trotter) stall
They did everything except the T
formation and the drop kick.
The difference in scoring was
too much Hill. Clarence Hill from
time to time set the nets afire
with his long field goals. Hill was
high point man with II points for
the Y team
Terminate Buster Robbins didn't
do so bad for himself either, he
had a field day with 9 points.
For the visitors E. Wilson stood
out with Is points. His one hand
push up balloon shot is a beautiful
thing to behold.
.m....W Wilson would shoot from way
out, the ball would keep rising un-
til over the basket, then debate
and dropin.
The Omaha guide., 1947-02-01
PLEAsE!!!
FORRESTAL
BACKS USO

In a plea to Americans to con-
tinue the services of USO. for the
men who serve them in uniform,
Secretary of the Navy James For
restal says:
There is a great difference be-
tween the months preceding Pearl
Harobr and those in which we are
living today. Both may be termed
periods of preparedness, but for
vastly different ends. In 1941, we
were preparing for the greatest
war mankind has ever known. To-
day we are making ready for what
we hope will be the greatest peace.
1.-The need for USO has not les
sened. Many who fought u nav
al battles are now in Veterans Ad-
ministration and Navy Hospitals.
Many too young to fight then are
serving now. These men deserve
USO. fully as much now as during
the war"
During 1947, there will be more
than 100000 veterans in hospitals
and 1900, 900 service men on act
i've duty. They need USO. Give
to the Douglas County USO. cam
paign-Omaha National Bank bldg
Omaha.
The Omaha guide., 1947-02-01

race. But 1947 should usher In
new views, more tolerance, and
more consideration for those less
fortunate than we are. It is be-
coming fore and more obvious
that those who criticise and those
faithful servanta who strive whole
heartedly day in and day out
across the Nation to bring about
better relationship between whites
and Negroes.
To that wild cynical who thinks
the Negro is not making any pro-
.gress, let it become serious in
the matter and make itself useful
among those who care little or
nothing about how they live. To
that elite group who stears clear
of the race problem, let it be re-
membered that even though il
segregates itself from the less for
tunate of the race, it it looked up
on a being a part Of this one
tenth of our nation.
The Omaha guide., 1947-02-01
STANDARDS
BY RUTH TAYLOR

The other day Walter Lippmann
wrote one of his mastery articles
under this title. His theme was the
double standard of conduct for
civilians and soldiers
am going to borrow his title for
a different theme-the double stan
dard we apply to our conduct and
to that of Jul neighbor. One of the
greatest barriers to understanding
both between individuals and
groups is that we have n stan
dard for ourselves and one for the
other fellow.
What we do is right. What the
other fellow does is wrong. We
start from that premise far too
often. If we falter or fail on a job
well, there were good reasons for
it. But if the other fellow does-he
Is a Stacker or worse If we cri-
ticize o. generalize, we had good
reason for our statements-th
| other just doesn't know what he is
talking about.
Our own particular group has a
right to lobby for special privi-
leges, to demand concessions-it is
the other fellow and his groups
who are greedy and self-seeking-
Any condemnation Of Jul group is
wrong-we are individuals. But the
other fellow belongs to a group and
we damn him by it.
We apply different standards of
morality to ourselves than to the
other fellow, but what we don't
take into consideration Is that he
generally has as good a case for
himself and his group as we have
We each want the most we can get
out of life. If we are selfish, we
are willing to take what we want
at his expense. If he is selfish. he
is benefiting at our expense.
We dabble in words. A reac-
tionary to us is n who won't
move in our direction as fast as we
want. A conservative is one who
stays putin the place we want. A
radical is one that wants to move
in the opposite direction from the
way we want to go. An ideaiist is
scornfully used to NEAR anyone
who Is not a realist-one who looks
beyond the mud at his feet. We
and those who think like us are
the only ones in step with the
times.
We condemn crueties overseas
and practice them here. We talk
about the d~owntrodden minorities
in other nations and then go right
ahead setting our minorities apart
here. We say that democracy is
the only way of life for the world.
but we don't put it into practice in
our national lives or even in our
personal lives. We are ready to
give lip to democracy but nothing
else.
Let's get off the double standard
and judge others as we would be
judged.
The Omaha guide., 1947-02-01
To Award Newspapers and
Radio Stations For Public
Service In Fire Prevention

Because of mounting public con-
Germ owe the appalling toll Of liv-
es and property in fires in 1916,
the National Board of Fire Under
writer's expect a recrod number of
nominations of newspapers and
radio stations for the 1916 Gold
Medal Awards for outstanding
public service in community fire
prevention work.
Entry blanks are now being sup
piled by the National Board to CIV
ic associations and fire depart
ments all over the country so that
they may nominate local newspa-
pers and radio stations for the ma
tional awards and citations cover
ing fire prevention work in 1916,
Newspapers and radio stations al
so may send their entries and ex-
hibits, without any formality, for
consideration by the juries of inn
partial judges.
Entries are received by the Ma
tional Board of lire Underwriters
up to March 1, 1947, for material
used in 1916.
The awards of medals and cita-
tons are decided by impartial jur-
les of distinguished citizens. Cere-
monies bestowing the awards are
made in the local communities
! where the outstanding newspaper:
and radio stations may be acclaim
ed by the public that has benefit.
ted from their public spirited work
Entry blanks and additional in.
formation may e had from the Ma
tional Board of Fire Underwriters
IS John Street, New York Z, NY
READ THE GREATER GUIDE
The Omaha guide., 1947-02-01

Northside Y and Champion of O.
maha, is determined to win the mid
west birth to Chicago Feb. 1873.
HAROLD McDoNALD-
--..Featherweight of AMVETS
Post No. 2, and Champion Of Om-
aha, is just as determined.
CLARENCE ADAMS
--.-Omaha's middleweight hope,
recently of Boystown and a stud
ent of Omaha u, is working just
as hard as Harold and Alex.
Good luck boys, all Of Omaha is
behind you. Remember that you
are the CREAM and In my books
that lei GRADE A PLUS.
TO TOUR
Mr.. Paul jefferson of the Hill
side Recreation and boxing coach
of the Hillside team, is planning to
go an a tour with several of his
boys.
HanIey Floyd. Mr.. Jefferson says
will turn professional shortly after
the tour. Floyd is a welterweight
with a mean double textbook and
a fighting heart.
ATTENTION PLEASED!
Will the person who took the
Blue canvass bag with a upper
on top and a pair of white canvass
shoes from the Near Northside Y
MICA, please return same. They
are the property of 1.-THE HAWK"
Enough said. BYE
LEONARD HAWKINS, Jr.
The Omaha guide., 1947-02-01
BY DAVID BETTE

Gazing at life is an interesting
thing, but it becomes even more
interesting and fascinating when
the Crystal Ball looks down upon
u own Negro race here in the
United States. In fact it becomes
outright humorous as well as be-
ing pathetic for there are two dis
tinct groups of people who do us
no good, but often do us much
harm. The first group Is repre-
scented by a loud-mouth cynical
who thinks he knows it an-wan-
ders about in bootblack parlors
and barber shops, on street cor
ners. and at different forks in the
roads. Every word falling from
his fiery lips is a criticism Of the
Negro. He thinks there are too
many churches. too many lodges,
too many YMCA's. too many
YWCA's, too many community
centers-in fact to many Of any
thing which have the tendency to
uplift His only interest being
in some poolroom. bar or grill
lushing his stomach full OF spirits.
In other words, he a not under
stand why the Negro hasn't made
any more progress since 1865;
and he will tell you in the most
convinving words that the Negro
doesn't own this, he doesn't own
that and he has to depend upon
the white man for everything. To
him. the race problem is an in
teresting subject for discussion,
but he is as far from being on any
logical thread of reasoning as the
East is from the West.
The next group is represented
by the very Quiet and unassuming
gentleman or lady who relishes IN
his or her own particular circle.
In fact they are never interested
in the race problem at all. He or
she has a good job, Ives well, is
quite active in the church and
civic affairs as long as these &C
The Omaha guide., 1947-02-01

busy woman might forget what
day it was just once. Still there
was no doubt that the troubles Mrs
Jackson described were like some
of the things that point to pellagra
long before the better known sym
ptons show the swelling, b~listers
and redness of the skin, the nerv-
BUSINESS, mental confusion and de-
preston. Much to our relief. a
thorough investigation showed
that she did not have pellagra, or
any other serious disease.
What you do have, Mrs. jack
son, is a moderate diet deficiency
1 told her. "a lot Of people go
through life feeling just under par,
wondering what can be the matter
with them 1t is too common. con-
sidering what we are supposed to
kno wabout the right things to eat.
I am glad you came to see me SO
that we can do something about it
right away"
you mean that 1 should take
some vitamins or a tonic, Doctor? 2"
I explained to Mrs. Jackson that
the vitamin preparations we can
buy in the drugstore are fine, but
that it would be a lot cheaper if
we would all eat the right food in
the first place. Science tells us
that if we eat right we can get all
the necessary vitamins and miner
ais to live longer and healthier liv-
eS.
Our good earth produces all
kinds of vegetables in abundance.
Richest in vitamins and minerals
are the dark green leaves, such Is
turnip greens, mustards, collards,
spinach and kale. The choice of
other green and yellow vegetables
is almost endless. Carrots, beets,
squash, rutabagas, pole and bunch
beans, peas and sweet potatoes are
only q few possibilities.
It is important to cook vegetabl-
es right to get the full value. Cook
them in the skins if possible or cut
them in large pieces. Cook them
In a small amount of boiling wat
er for a short time. only until ten
der. Remember to use all the pot
likker.' It is full of valuable vita
minis and minerals. Four servings
of vegetables, at least one of them
green, leafy, should be eaten every
day.
I also advisd Mrs. jackson to
add more fruit, milk, whole grain
cereal and fresh meat to her meals.
Everyone should have at least two
servings of fruit every day. One
of these should be orange or grape
fruit or tomato juice. fresh or can
] ned. Many people think milk is
The Omaha guide., 1947-02-01

ever very little meat is eaten. the
intake of milk should be increased.
Fish. poultry, eggs and cheese are
all good substitutes for meat. and
add to the variety and interest of
meals.
We all want to enjoy our meals
and they should be made as at
tractive as possible. Meals can be
planned to suit every taste and
still preserve and build the good
health we all want.
(This article is co-sponsored by
the National Medical Association
and the National tuberculosis AS
ISOLATION in the interest of better
health of the people.)
The Omaha guide., 1947-02-01
LIFE AT A GLANCE

tivities are restricted to the par
ticular class or circle of either
Unlike the Dapper Dan who is
always blowing off eradically
about what the Negro doesn't do.
this particular group of highbrows
is w interested in discussing
the race problem. Members of that
group have no time to listen to
arguments about the Negro who
has grown. up or is growing up
facing. a thread bare economic
system loaded to the brim with Sc
gregation. To them these are pro-
blems for the Social Service
worker, the Urban Leagues, and
Settlement houses. In fact they
keep themselves and their fami-
lies so much aloof from the mass
es Of colored people, that they are
sometimes awed by the ignorance
Of who are less fortunate than
they are. So far as they are con-
cerned these ignorant unforunates
were born to indigency and de-
serve to be Jim Crowed-In fact
they themselves Jim Crow them,
even though they are Of the same
race.
This second group thinks that
all the illiterate Negroes should
remain down South in isolated ru-
raj sections forever without any
opportunities whatever to enjoy
the privileges Of education. But
they forget that ever the most IL
literate person in the Universe is
possessed with that mate longing
for Freedom and understanding
1. /. If that were not true. there
wouldn't be so much fuss about
permitting European refugees who
have been enslaved by Fascists
for years to enter this country.
Yes siree-this little quiet circle
in our race never thought of them
selves Of being so small in num-
Der; neither has it ever consid-
cred that the members Of the
group were not looked upon az
separate from the rest of the