davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-16
The Weather

FORECAST
For North Carolina: Sunday. partly
Cloudy and mild.
Meteorological data for the "a hours
ending 1870 pm. yesterday.
TEMPERATURES
1870 am. So; 1880 am. Al; 1870 pm. 81;
1880 pm. 50.
Maximum 81. Minimum IS; Mean 54;
Normal SO.
HUMIDITY
1870 am. Sc; 1880 am. go; 1870 pm. 81;
i"JO pm. so.
PRECIPITATION
Total for "a hours ending 1880 pm. -
600 inches.
Total since the first Of the month -
t37 inches.
TIDES FOR TODAY
from the Tide Tables published by U.
.. Coast and Geodetic Survey
High Low
wilmington 4:54 am. 1918 am.
5:18 pm. - pm.
AaSonboro Inlet 2:43 am. 9:15 In
2:58 pm. 9:18 pm.
sunrise $40: Sunset $40; Moonrlse 2:4s
an: Moonset 1926 pm.
NlVer stage at Fayetteville, N. c., at
am, Saturday, 21.2 feet.
>. WASHINGTON, March Is (Pt -
weather Bureau report of temperature
sno rainfall for the "a hours ending I
pl IN the principal cotton growing areas
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-16
Three Found Dead Aboard
Yacht In Inland Waterway
By STAFF CORRESPONDENT

UTHPORT March 15-No inquest will be held into
the death Of three men found dead aboard an inland water
way craft near Little River, yesterday morning, Coroner
W. e. Bell, of Brunswick county, said last night.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-16
Drops Expected
By Commerce Officials

WASHINGTON, March 15.-AP)-Commerce De-
partment officials expect price drops by next fall on the
products which have scared highest in the post-OPA rise
like cotton goods and foods -
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-16
SEEKS RED POSITION:
GERMAN EXODUS PROPOSED: !
PAKDA LASHES GREEK AID
Communist Organ
Launches Attack
By EDDY GILMORE

MOSCOW, March 15-AP)-Pravda, Communist
Party organ, made a bitter second Soviet attack on Presi-
Humans Greek Turkish policy today, declaring it did
not serve the cause of Pc a and security and "renders
United States d tons of faithfulness to the
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-16
81 600 Market Building
Planned By Clinton Club

CLINTON. March 15-The Junior Chamber Of Com
took over the management of the Clinton Produce
Market Yesterday and announced plans for the construction
of q new $50, 900 market building.
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-16
of Red Pressure
Is Euident In Appeals

LAKE SUCCESS, N. Y, March 15.-AP)-Fear of
new Russian pressure appeared tonight to be back of the
Greek and Turkish appeals for financial aid from the United
The Wilmington morning star., 1947-03-16

Continued on Page Two, Col. y
Evening star., 1947-02-03
Letters to The Star

Transit Company Sees Eye to Eye
With Critic on Speeding Up Cars
To the Editor of The Star
n. j. Webers letter of January 28
questioned the speed of present-day
streetcars as compared to the speed Of
cable cars mentioned in your horsecar
pictorial feature last Sunday. The top
speed Of the cable car was as fast as the
cable-approximately six miles per hour
This compares to the top speed per-
mitted under the law-25 miles per hour
operated by streetcars today. The av-
erage speed of cable cars, allowing for
stops and occasional horse drawn car
riages blocking the track, was consider
ably less than the six-mile speed of the
cable. Today streetcars operate at an
average scheduled speed of about nine
miles per hour. In the downtown area
streetcars operate at about five miles
higher speed if other trafnc did not in
terfere with their movements.
Mr.. Weber and Capital Transit see
eye-to-eye as to improving our sched-
uled speeds. 1t can be done with greater
recognition Of public transit as the most
economical user Of street space for the
movement of people rather than vehi-
cles. In fact, streetcars and buses using
a single traffic lane can carry per hour
at least six times as many people as
automobiles, E. D, MERRILL
Evening star., 1947-02-03
Who Loves the Earth
By Dapid Laurence 9

Who loues the earth must take earth as
she comes:
Not al,oays ,DAl she shoaD q smiling
face,
Not al,pays lie In summers ssoeet sns-
Keyed to the purring OF ,ot1'd thot
huns.
There ,DiH be days ,DJ,en, ugly and per-
Uerse,
The earth, lean, loueless, tattered and
aske11,
Laughs like loon, goes scolding like
q sTret1,
Heaping on all the ,oorld wtnter curse.
Who loves the earth must learn in little
11dyS,
Must come, like any louer ttth his lass
To yield to the Uhim, forget the anoru
phrase
KnoaDing that this, like all the rest,
t1ill pass
And ,plso 50 understands, finds rich re-
tUdrd
In reaptng Hfe's fullest measure OF ac-
cord.
ETHEL BARNETT DE VITO.
Evening star., 1947-02-03
Austriu's Dilemma

Preoccupation with the problem OF
Germany at the Foreign Ministers
Conference slated to convene in
Moscow next month tends to obscure
the collateral problem of Austria.
Whatever may be the legalitieS
and equities affecting consideration
of the former Third Reich, those
factors in the case of Austria are
clearly and factually established. AS
far back as the Moscow Conference
of 1943, the big Three" (America,
Britain and Soviet RusSia) formally
declared Austria victim" of Hit
lerite aggression and proclaimed
their intention to re-eStablish free
and independent Austrian state.
This absolved Austria from the
penalties which could be visited upon
Axis satellites" such as Hungary
and Romania, and put it legally in
the category of liberated" countries
like Czechoslovakia and YugoSlavia
The only two qualifications were
that, for the immediate postwar
period, Austria should be placed un-
der joint Allied military occupation
to insure and expedite the elimina-
ton of Nazi elements. At the same
time it was stated that the contribu-
ton of the Austrian people in their
liberati ton should be taken into con-
sideration in determining the precise
terms of settlement.
Whether or not the services
of the Austrian anti-Nazi under
ground" measured up to the stand
ard that may have been in the
minds of the Big Three at the time
of the Moscow Conference, certain
it is that the treatment accorded
Austria in the almost two years since
the Allied expulsion of the Nazis has
been highly detrimental to its re-
establishment as a free and inde-
pendent nation. Divided like Ger
many into four occupation zones
with Joint occupation of Vienna,
the capital like Berlin, an enclaVe
in the Russian zone), divergent
policies of the occupying powers and
Russian obstructionism make eco
nomic recovery and political inte-
grafton alike impossible. The pres
ent Austrian government is little
more than a nullity.
Austria's desperate plight has just
been set forth by the Austrian Chan
cellor, Figl, before the deputies of
the Big Four Foreign Ministers,
charged with paving the way for the
coming Moscow meeting of their
principals. Urging them to draw up
the draft of peace treaty which
would be a Magma Carta" for Aus
Evening star., 1947-02-03
Our Chinese Policy

Now that the United States has
ended its Kuomintang Communist
mediation efforts, there appears to
be a fairly widespread impression
that it has washed its hands of
China and that our official attitude
has become one of complete indiffer-
ence. Nothing could be more mis-
taken. The fact is that fundamental
American policy remains what it has
been all along. The only change Is
in the method of implementing that
policy. There has been no change in
the policy itself.
Historically, American policy to-
ward China is policy of friendship
committed to the principle of Chi
nese independence and territorial
integrity. In recent years, in keeping
with that policy, we have sought
consistently to promote Chinese
peace, unity, democracy and eco
nonic progress to help the country
develop its potentialities as great
stabilizing power in Asia. That policy
still stands So also does our recog-
milton of the government of Chang
Kai-shek as the only legitimate
Chinese government. Our Ambas-
sador remains at his post in Nam
king, and a relatively small Ameri-
can mission continues with its pro-
gram to teach modern methods to
Chiang's armed forces. To use a
military analogy, our withdrawal as
mediators represents a tactical ad-
justment without any revision of
basic strategy.
1t may be that the end of our
mediation will have the. effect of
intensifying the strife between the
Communists and Chiang's forces.
But though they are large in num-
bers - Chiang's particularly = these
forces have limited munitions re-
sources. Chang is getting no war
equipment from us, and there have
been no recent indications that the
Russians are giving any to the Com
munists. Accordingly, assuming no
outside Intervention, the struggle
may tend to wear itself out. Mean
while, under the new Chinese con-
stitution-adopted with Communist
abstention-Chiang will have an op-
portunity to reorganize the govern
ment along more democratic lines,
and If he does this effectively
China's internal pacification will be
speeded up.
The Chinese situation thus is not
hopeless. Indeed, should Chang
follow Secretary of State Marshall's
suggestion and organize a new gov
ernment of fliberaasrspresenta5ive Of
all parties and excluding the diehard
extremists of left and right, the out
look would brighten perceptibly.
Given such an improvement, some
of the American money earmarked
for loans to China might be released
and other measures taken to pro-
mote the country's progress. In any
event, though this is period of
watchful waiting, our policy will be
aimed, as always, at promoting a
strong, unified and democratic Chi
nese nation as the bulwark of a
stable peace in Asia.
Evening star., 1947-02-03
NyusuIund Expedition

An expedition to Nyasaland in
Central Africa, sponsored by the
American Museum of Natural His
tory and the New York Botanical
Garden, has raised questions which
will be of interest to laymen as well
as to professional scientists. One
of the problems thus brought to
public attention is that of the degree
or extent to which evolution in re-
verse" may proceed. The explorers
have managed to carry home with
them three curious amphibians, each
about foot in length, whose ances-
try, they say, dates back through
the ages" Some of the more
ghly-developed characteristics" of
the species to which these creatures
belong are missing in them. Perhaps
they never possessed the features
referred to. 1t also is conceivable
that they reverted to a lower level. +"
The three specimens captured and
now conveyed to the United States
are to be studied to determine
whether they are moving upward or
downward in evolution.
Meanwhile, a second possibility set
forth by the returning Nyasaland
adventurers is that edible orchids
may be added to the worlds stand
ard menus. Among the plants
which they discovered on the high
African plateau is tuber described
as resembling a small Irish potato.
Natives of the neighborhood in
which it grows wild seek it out, wash
and boil it, mix it with beans or
corn meal and, having so prepared
, it, make it an article of ordinary
diet very much as the peoples of
other countries do other "vege-
tables" The flowers allegedly are
not as impressive to the local COM
munity as they are to outsiders. u
Food experts in New York are to
grow "the orchid that is good to eat
sxperimentally under glass.
Additional novelties to the number
of several hundred have been col
lected in Nyasaland and brought
back for exhibition. The territory
Evening star., 1947-02-03
On the Record.
By Dorothy Thompson

itself was free and not a prisoner of
Moscow.
Many said they had voted for the
government list of candidates because
they were compelled to vote; had been
compelled in advance to sign state
ment that they would vote "list 81:
had been threatened with loss of jobs,
property, or other measures If the dis
trict went against the government:
and, finally, were convinced from ex-
perience in the June referendum that
no matter how the ballots were cast
the announced result would be the same.
In no cases did imply answers in
my own questions. I started all con-
versations around other subjects than
politics, gradually approaching the
latter with statement that the United
States was interested in Polish freedom.
Then asked whether they were willing
to express their attitude toward the
government.
This was usually answered with a
stony statement, 1--WE don't talk about
such things" But when assured didn't
even care to know persons names or
took another tactic praising the gov
ernment, the people invariably began
recounting grievances. They covered:
Fear of the secret police, indignation
at patronage, which meant insecurity
in any job unless enjoying party favor;
disillusionment with the governments
social measures and always the con-
viction that the government was
foreign"
No correspondent who stays in War
atv of "a
country. Despite terrific destruction in
the city, there is much vitality and the
government obviously is making a sue
cessful effort to restore and revivify its
capital In and around Warsaw are
many signs Of building activity.
But reconstruction is backward: the
policies, good on paper, have not been
realized in fact. Apparently the only
public institution really well organized
on q nationwide scale Is the UB-the
Committee of Public Safety-whose
interlocking civil and military bureaus
seem designed on the pattern of Hmm
lers Gestapo.
Though theoretically a semisocialist
state, apart from the dogged work OF
land working peasants in Central Poland
and certain industries, the economy
largely consists of speculation. In garish
night clubs one sees masses of newly
rich-yultures preying on the misery OF
the people, looted first by the Russians
and Germans together, then by each
singly.
It is impossible to describe Poland in
terms of socialism or democracy. 1t Is
a Sort of national bolshevism to an over
whelmingly rural, conservative, tradi-
tionally Catholic people, who, as .
peasant lad put it. feel themselves less
than the dirt Of field.
(Released by the Bell Syndicate, Ine).
Evening star., 1947-02-03
Somebody Must Decide

LII WoulQ De a gOod tnlng II the
House and Senate District Commit
tees, pursuing the policy of joint
consideration of legislation, set up
an appropriate subcommittee to
decide about future expansion and
, lnodernization of the District water
system.
The Commissioners have just sent
over to the Capitol their bill on the
subject. A few days ago Senator
McCarran introduced his bill. Each
of these bills is based on a separate
inquiry and each of them has its
merits. But their conclusions are
conflicting and a referee must de-
eide between them. Only Congress
can supply the referee.
Senator McCarran's bill would
! establish quasimunicipal corpora
ton, chartered by Congress, to run
the water system as public utility.
It would end the division of control
which places the supply system un-
der the Army engineers and the
distribution system under the mu-
nicipal government, putting them
both under single control of the
corporation. The corporation would
issue bonds for capital outlay and
would sell the water to all con-
sumers-including the national and
municipal governments-at rates
found fair. The survey report which
supported this plan claimed that
substantial reduction in water rates
would follow its adoption.
The Commissioners plan retains
the existing setup, also abolishes
supply of free water to the Govern
ment and outlines a heavy program
of expansion-laSting over forty
years and costing about $4,000, 900.
1t is based on a careful engineering
investigation, carried out with the
help of the Corps of Engineers. In
its engineering aspects, at least, 1t
probably is more thorough going
and complete than the McCarran
plan, produced by some people hired
by Senator McCarran.
It seems to The Star that there
Is considerable merit in Senator
McCarran's proposal for a municipal
corporation to handle the water
system. Our water system now ex-
tends into Virginia and it must be
enlarged with the growth of popula-
ton here and across the river.
There is much to be said in favor
of a public corporation managing
the system as a self sustaining,
regulated public utility, paying divi-
dends, in the form of cheaper water,
to the stock owning public. What is
needed now is a choice between
two plans. Five years ago. the
authorities were warning that ex-
pansion of the water system could
not be delayed. Work must get
underway soon as major improve
ment. All the necessary informa-
ton on the systems needs is avail
able. Congress, however, must make
the decision of where we 60 from
here.
Evening star., 1947-02-03
The Star and E. v. Brown Schoo

The Star and E. V. Brown School
To the Editor of The Star:
T am pleased to give you below reso-
luton which was unanimously adopted
at a meeting of the Chevy Chase Com
munity Council:
WHEREAS, the Chevy Chase Com
munity Council fully recognizes that
without the assistance and cooperation
of The Evening Star in fully and accu-
rately presenting to the public the story
of the efforts of the citizens OF this
area in seeking to have the E. " Brown
School designated by the Commissioners
as recreation center and public library
branch, the project could well have
failed; and
WHEREAS, The Evening Star not
only reported current developments but
by painstaking work and research on
the part of it's employees developed many
sound and logical reasons why this prof.
ect should be approved;
THEREFORE, BE 1T RESOLVED.
That the Chevy Chase Community
Council hereby expresses its warm praise
and deep appreciation to The Evening
Star and its staff for their great interest
and effective work in this praiSeworthy
community project. This help gave re-
newed encouragement and inspiration
to the people of this area who were
working on the proposal.
EDW. r. STAFFORD.
Evening star., 1947-02-03

tria instead of its death warrant, he
presented a list of "musts' for Aus
trian rehabilitation and survival.
Chief among them are: Re-establish-
ment of Austria s prewar boundaries;
early withdrawal of the Allied occu-
patton armies; membership in the
United Nations, and retention OF
some means of defense.
=. This seems to be modest pro-
gram. 1t is surely in no way out OF
line with the pronouncements of the
Allied powers. The coming Moscow
Conference will thus be the acid test
as to whether those pronouncements
are to be carried out integrally and
in good fsith..
Evening star., 1947-02-03

BERL IN. - The State Department. S
statement last Tuesday, expressing dis
satisfaction with the Polish elections,
was confirmed in an extensive tour I
made in Poland following the balloting.
I travelled through Central, Western and
Southern Poland, including the new ter
ritories acquired from the Germans and
the land between the Oder and the
Neisse Rivers.
I made the trip for the purpose of
finding out first-hand the answer to the
questions which had been studied in
Washington and London: Does the gov
ernment, which just claimed such an
overwhelming majority, really represent
the Polish people? Was the election
coerced?
In Warsaw I felt many uncertainties.
Any one must realize, viewing the cata-
clysm of Poland, that the people are liv-
ing in another dimension than we are.
ANY Polish government would have pro-
found difficulties, demanding strength
and discipline. But the question in all
authority is its legitimacy, and today
legitimacy derives from the popular will
and a sense of justice. We must not
ask, "Is a regime stern and ruthless"
in the national will or does it derive its
right to discipline from naked force
alone?"
My trip convinced me that the present
Polish government intends to perpetuate
itself almost exclusively by naked force.
Instead of seeking politicians in the
government or the opposition, asked
ordinary people, sounding out their
opinions, their feelings toward the re-
gime. Accompanied by reliable Amerl-
can translator, I entered peasant homes,
picking them at random. I visited state
farms converted from manorial estates;
talked with teachers. priests, soldiers
and innkeepers, and sat in small taverns
picking up conversations.
All this was less difficult in smaller
places, for soon discovered that every
one is inclined to trust Americans. In
addition every one in small communi-
ties knows who is trustworthy and who
is likely to be government agent.
I thus had personal conversations
with scores of people, individually and
in groups, throughout the main parts
of Poland. must report honestly
discovered exactly three enthusiastic
supporters of the government. An al
most unanimous attitude was the dis
like, aversion, fear, and distrust of the
government, which claims almost uni
versal support.
This is true in peasant homes, which
had party slogans ostentatiously writ
ten on the walls. This is true even OF
people in the administration itself,
who testified they wanted to serve
Poland, but who hoped the government
and its policies would change. found
absolutely no one who maintained that
the elections were free and uncoerced.
and few who thought the government
Evening star., 1947-02-03
Opposes Killing Starlings

To the Editor Of The S.ar:
I should like to register a protest
against the proposed plan for extermi-
mating the starlings.
These birds have many admirers, who
find them cheerful and interesting to
have around. They consume quantities
of insects, among which ARE Japanese
beetles. So long as birds were left un-
molested in this country we had no
serious damage from insects.
The sole reason for the campaign
against the starlings seems to be some
litter caused by them In few places,
but 1t would seem that the human race
might cast the beam out of its own eye
before killing these birds who do no real
harm to anybody. Street cleaning Is a
necessity, and much more than we have
is desirable on account Of the unhealthy
expectorations, cigarette and cigar stubs,
broken liquor bottles and debris Of all
descriptions thrown at random every
where by humans. A comparatively small
amount Of cleaning might solve this
problem without doing away with the
birds, but unfortunately, it seems the
first thing people think Of when an
noyed by animals, birds or humans, is
killing.
Perhaps the few who dislike the star
lings have not considered how many
may take pleasure in them and find life
more enjoyable for their presence. It is
hoped the District Committee will not
permit this killing without making q
thorough investigation. For the infor-
nation of friends Of the birds who might
like to make plea to the District Com
mittee, the chairman Of the Senate Dis
trict Committee is G. Douglass Buck,
and the chairman of the House District
Committee is Everett M. Dirksen.
NH