davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1947-06-25
'HinshaW Fears Airline
Crashes May Be Due
To Forced Economies

The fear that some OF the recent
air crashes may have been due at
least partly to economies forced on
the airlines was expressed here yes
tterday by Representative Hinshaw.
Republican, Of California, who is
chairman of the House Subcomnlit-
tee on Air Safety.
Mr.. HinshaW told the Institute of
Navigation. in annual session at the
Hotel Statler, that Federal pay
ments for airmail service must con-
tinue flexible enough to relieve the
Iairlines Of the kind of financial
pressure that might force economies
| in the fields of operations. main
tenance and flight personnel.
Sees Duty of CAB.
| He pointed out it is the duty of
/ the Civil Aeronautics Board to fix
these payments after taking into
considerations factors like efficiency
and economy of operations. He sug-
/ gested economies might be made in
any department but those with a
direct bearing on flight operations.
Il am afraid that financial pres
! sure may have had something to do
with recent accidents" Mr.. HinshaW
said, although this would be diff
cult to prove. 1t seems apparent,
however, that the CAB should fix
mail rates so that the efficient COM
panies are well financed and have
no excuse for failure to provide ade-
quate personnel and equipment"
The Representative told some $50
navigational experts, including Army
and Navy technicians and repre-
sentatiyes of the Canadian and Brit
| ish Air Forces, that he has covered
more than $4,000 miles at home
and abroad as an airline passenger,
and expects to live to see tthe day
when he can visit Europe in jet
propelled transport or fly to his,
home in Souther California in a
J few hours.
Invites Opinion.
| He suggested it might be neces-
sary to require that navigator be
included in the crew of four-mo-
tored transports on long, nonstop
flights within the United States, al
though conceding the need is not as
great as in tthe case of overseas
/ flights.
| Mr.. Hinshaw invited the experts to
give him an opinion on this question.
The closing session of the third
annual meeting of the institute was
devoted to technical discussions of
navigation and magnetic surveys in
the polar regions.
Boys Fishing Party Planned
/ A fishing party Friday to North
Beach, Md, for boys from the Ma
tional Training School will be
/ sponsored by the East Gate Lions
Club of Washington. The group
will leave from 3010 Rhode Island
/ aVen11e NJ w at 3.20 nm
Evening star., 1947-06-25
Gordens' Season Closes

Dumbarton Oaks Gardens will
close for the summer Sunday and
will re-open to visitors in the au-
tlHnn. The Collection of Early Chris
tian Art viii remain open to visi-
tors until july Is and will reopen
September 2.
Evening star., 1947-06-25
Shop Approved

The Senate Foreign Relation
Committee yesterday approved a
House passed bill to permit the Dis
trict Chapter, American Red Cross,
to erect at its own cost a new work
shop on Government-owned land
at Twenty-first and E streets NV.
Evening star., 1947-06-25
Graham
Continued From Page B-8)

CONTINUED From Page B-8O
this country who actually knows
Trubshawe. I knew him almost
before David did. And very gay
blade he is!
Ingrid Bergman gets competition
as Joan of Arc in Miracle of the
Bells" The leading lady in that
picture, Suzanne Cloutier, makes
movie within movie, and the
movie is Joan of Arc!
Released by North An,erieon Newspaper
AIIionre
Evening star., 1947-06-25
Boys Fishing Party Planned

A fishing party Friday to North
Beach, Md, for boys from the Ma
tional Training School will be
sponsored by the East Gate Lions
Club of Washington. The group
will leave from 3010 Rhode Island
avenue NV. at $50 pm.
Evening star., 1947-10-03
Not What We Want

Senator Taft expounding his opposi
ton to universal military training to an
audience at Casper, Wyoming, is reported
to have said: The American military ma
chine is the most powerful in the world
today and adequate for defense unless
we want to fight the Russian millions in
Eastern Europe"
The Ohio Senator, of course has other
reasons for opposing military training.
But this is the most interesting one, for
it has certain popular appeal and it is
suggestive of failure to take to heart the
lessons of World War II.
The American military machine may or
may not be the most powerful in the world
today. There is room for honest difference
of opinion about that, and the best in
formed opinions do differ That is more
than can be said, however, Of the balance
of the Senator's statement, for there Mr..
Taft rests his case on assumptions that
are not valid.
1t is meaningless to say that our mill
tary machine is adequate for defense un-
less we want to fight the Russian millions
in Eastern Europe. 1t is meaningless be-
cause, in the first place, we do not want
to fight the Russians anywhere. It Is
equally meaningless because, If we should
have to fight the Russians, there is very
little chance that we will be able to choose
the place where we would like to fight
them.
We did not want to fight the Japanese
in the far Pacific. But we had to fight
them there We did not want to fight the
Germans on the continent of Europe. But
we had to fight them there
Senator Taft was one of those who be-
lieved that our military machine was ade-
quate for defense in 1941 And it prob
ably would have been adequate, for the
time being at least, If it's sole responsibility
had been to keep an enemy from invading
the continental United States.
But we learned from that experience, or
we should have learned from it, that q
defense which is content to sit within the
borders OF a country and protect it's coast
lines is no defense at all. If we had done
that the Germans and the japanese would
have won the war, and by this TIME we
would be facing them alone, isolated and
compelled to maintain into the indefinite
AoouAC d 1Illlltdly IldCIllIlo GlldC WOulQ
dwarf into insignifcance all pending pro-
posals, including universal military train
ing. Fortunately we did not do that We
went out to fight the Germans and the
japanese wherever we could bring them
to battle. And in that way we won the
war.
No sane person wants to fight the Rus
slams now. But if we should have to fight
them, if the day comes when the mainte-
nance of our national security forces us
into war, we may be very sure that the
Russians will not oblige us by coming over
here where we can fight them to best
advantage. We will have to fight them
where they are, and that probably will be
in Europe, even in Eastern Europe
We do not want to fight them there, or
anywhere. But as long as the possibility
Of war remains alive, the prudent thing is
to be prepared to fight where we will have
to fight. Senator Taft's argument boils
down to the old, imprudent urge to smother
truth with wishful thinking.
Evening star., 1947-10-03

ers than ever before conferred "if there
is ever to be reorganization
The present reorganization project starts
out more auspicfously, however, than most
of it's predecessors. 1t is joint legislative
executive-public enterprise, with the pres
tige that comes from whoehearted sup
port by both Congress and the executive
branch. 1t has been granted S750,00O with
which to do its job. And it is fortunate in
having the leadership of man, who is
thoroughly familiar with the complexities
of the governmental machinery and con-
versant with the need for improving it's
efficiency There is reason to hope, there
fore, that something really constructive
win result from what Mr. Hoover describes
as his "last public service" He could not
end his public'care in more worthwhile
and satisfying way than by achieving what
so many others have failed to do.
Evening star., 1947-10-03

it to be guilty of "scandalous' burlesque
of justice in its trial and execution of
Nikola Petkov, the courageous leader of
the democratic opposition. In short, on
these and similar grounds, we have found
it wanting in all the qualities that COM
mand international respect and trust, and
we are therefore continuing to oppose its
application for membership in the U. N.
Nevertheless the reopening of diplomatic
ties makes sense. AS the State Department
has emphasized, it does not in any way
reflect either approval or condonation"
of what the Sofia government has done in
the recent past. It's purpose is strictly
businesslike. In the words of Acting Sec
retary Lovett, it is "predicated on the
intention of the United States to maintain
its interest in the welfare of the Bull
garian people, to keep itself informed con-
corning developments in Bulgaria, and to
continue its efforts to protect American
interests in that country" That is. to say,
Donald Heath will be our minister in
Sofia, not because we esteem the regime in
power, but because it will be of practical
value to us to have listening and watch
ing post there. =.
We are maintaining diplomatic relations
with all the other Soviet satellites for much
the same reason. No matter how we may
dislike the governments in control, this is
the sensible thing to do. Not to do it
would be merely to deprive ourselves of
facilities that can be of great use to us
in carrying out enlightened policies as
regards events behind the iron curtain.
Evening star., 1947-10-03
A Practical Matter

With the Bulgarian peace treaty now in
effect, the United States has resumed dip
lomatic relations with the Sofia govern
ment in manner that can be described,
at best, as curt-the manner of man who
considers it expedient to deal formally
with certain person, but makes clear at
the same time that that person is not the
type he would care to invite home to
dinner.
The reason for this is obvious. The
Communist dominated Bulgarian regime
stands accused by us of committing hostile
acts against Greece. We have attacked it
for its political repression and for other
policies violating the Yalta agreement, our
peace treaty with it and the basic principles
of the United Nations. We have declared
Evening star., 1947-10-03
Argentina Elected

The election of Argentina to seat on
the Security Council of the United Nations
should have some instructive value for
those who like to think land TALK of inter-
national politics in terms of emotion.
We have been told that the government
OF Argentina is dctatorial and therefore
evil. When our State Department, under
the prodding of other Latin American
countries, pressed for the admission of
Argentina to the United Nations it was
called some harsh names by some Ameri-
cans. And the Russians had something of
a field day in heaping verbal abuse on our
Government for lining up with the Argen-
tines whom they called anything from
would-be aggressorS to NaZi collaborators.
Many of the things said about the Peron
government were true. But some of the
basic charges were not true. For example,
quite an effort was made to make it appear
that the other Latin American countries
were in mortal fear of military aggression
by Argentina. Yet 1t was these same coun-
tries which insisted that Argentina be ad-
mitted to the U. NJ, and it was also these
same countries, or most of them, which
made the fight for the election of Argen-
tina to the Security Council.
What about the Russians? At one time
or another they have called the Peron gov
ernment everything in the book. Yet
Russia voted to seat Argentina on the
Security Council Why? Because the Rus
slams had an ak to grind; because, by cast
ing their vote for Argentina, they were
able to get the other Latin Americans to
vote for Security Council seat for the
Ukraine In other words, the Russians do
not lose sight of what they consider to be
their national interests If it seems expe-
dent to berate the Argentine government,
they berate it, If it seems expedient to play
ball with Argentina, they play ball.
This, of course, has nothing to do with
the question whether the Peron govern
ment is good or bad government. But
it should serve to remind some of us that
we, too, have national interests to be pro-
NOTED, and that. the world being what
1t is, we sometimes have to work with
realities and not theological concepts
Evening star., 1947-10-03
Mr.. Hoover's Tough Assignment

Former President Herbert Hoover, as
chairman of an official twelve-man COM
mission on Government reorganization, is
under no illusions as to the size of the
task which confronts him. He has had
a lot of personal experience in the reor-
ganization movement As result he once
observed, wryly, that the mere suggestion
of governmental reform always proves to
be signal for mobilization of opposition
from all quarters which has destroyed the
possibility of constructive action"
Efforts at Government reorganization
have been made periodically since the turn
of the century-usually with little success.
When undertaken by the executive branch,
congressional opposition has been en-
countered When started by the legislative
branch, serious departmental objections
have arisen Bureaucratic opposition often
has received support in Congress, too, for
some members of the legislative branch
have tendency to assume sort of pro-
prietary interest in certain agencies
either because they were instrumental in
creating them or because their constitu-
ents depend on the agencies for patron
age or special services.
As cabinet member and as President,
Mr.. Hoover learned frsthand Of the difh-
culties which beset any one who ventures
to tamper with the status quo of the Fed
eral establishment. He saw the Brown
committee reorganization plan languish
and die in the twenties and he saw his
own comprehensive reorganization plan of
1882 defeated by a Democratic House. At
that time he commented that President
must have much larger independent pow
Evening star., 1947-10-03
Careful Picking Necessary

While the concern felt in some quarters
over the delay in appointing the new civil
Service Loyalty Board is Understandable,
the fact that there has been some delay
should occasion no great surprise. The
Civil Service Commission realized from the
outset that the task of selecting such an
important group would be anything but
easy. 1t is certainly justified in holding
that the selective process should be
slow and painstaking one, for the RESPONSE
bilities devolving upon the board will be
heavy and at BEST very trying.
In way the board will serve as high
court of the loyalty program. Its decisions
in initial loyalty cases will set the pattern
for future action by departmental authori-
ties. Its members, therefore, should be of
high character and high attainments.
knowledge of the Government and the law
would be desirable attributes. Above all,
the loyalty of each member of the board
must be beyond question.
Since the commission is said to be plan
ming a board of at least twenty members
(the Presidents order authorizes a mem
bership of at least three) the job of finding
sufficient qualified citizens willing to under
take this difficult public service is magni-
fed 1t is known that the commission has
been delayed in approaching some pro-
spective members because of their absence
during the vacation season. Others have
declined to serve, or have deferred making
a decision. Some have explained. that they
cannot afford to give the estimated average
of forty-five days year to the assignment,
even though paid a salary on per diem
basis while serving.
Nevertheless, the commission says it is
making good progress in forming the
board. 1t is expected the membership will
be announced before many more weeks
have elapsed. AS matter of fact there is
no real cause for haste, for no loyalty cases
are yet available for board action. It will
probably be late in November or December
before the first cases will be ready for
study. BY that time there should be
enough tentative members available to
form temporary working group, If i'm
mediate action becomes desirable. Mean
while the commission is showing good
Judgment in making its selections delib-
erately and carefully
Evening star., 1947-10-03
Hiqher Tuxes and Tenants

Rent Administrator. Robert F. Cogswell's S
order permitting average three to-four per
cent rent increases for single-family dwell
ings and buildings with not more than
eight units is reasonable exercise of
authority under the local rent law. That
law empowers the rent administrator to
raise or lower rents to correspond with any
general increase or decrease since January
l, 194l, in taxes or maintenance or oper-
ating costs or expenses incurred"
Mr. CogSwell, as an impartial public
servant, could not we'll shut his eyes to
the fact that both taxes and water fees
have increased substantially in the District
since 1941. For this year alone asses
ments on real estate have been raised as
much as 20 per cent and the realty tax
rate has risen 1427 per cent. Water
charges have jumped Is per cent These
increased expenses up to now have been
absorbed by the property owners, with no
proportionate risee in rental income Mr..
Cogswelps General Order No. IL" will
pass these added expenses on to the
tenants, distributed equally among the
units on monthly installment basis.
AAAAo WILL A1AColl ECA1IdpS UWO OI GllIGG
dollar a month increase in most cases.
The order does not take into account
other increases in maintenance or oper-
ating costs" that have occurred since 1941
yet it is obvious that nearly every item
entering into the business of renting rooms
and apartments costs more today than
several years ago. 1t Is true in many
instances, of course, that properties have
not been maintained as we'll as they were
when labor was cheaper and materials
were plentiful. Services and repairs have
been curtailed or eliminated in some apart
ments. And it is the variation in condi-
tions of upkeep that persuaded Mr. Cogs-
well to refuse any blanket increase in
rent and to insist on itemizing to penny
the increase based on higher taxes.
The Government to be just, and equi-
table in its exercise of regulatory powers,
must give due consideration to the prob
lens Of landlords as we'll as of tenants.
This concept of even-handed treatment of
all classes of.citizens is implicit in the rent
control statute. The new order, following
this sound principle, recognizes that the
property owner has right to be treated
as considerably under the law as his
tenant.
Evening star., 1947-10-03
A Mountain Sheep

High mountains are his home. ! sa,0 him
stand,
Long naotjonless upon crag, no trace
OF fright or fear upo1, him as he scanned
The pertlous grandeur o.. his d,oelltng
place.
Familiar to his hoopes the splintered rock,
The jagged path along the prectpice;
Familiar to his, ear the thunder-shock
with muttertr,o echoes IN the bleak abyss.
For him, separate .porld of sky and stone,
A porld OF deep, compelling silences,
OF splendor phere man might d,oeH
alone,
But eper unnpare of loneliness.
Then. as I dreamed, he stirred and ledped
from sight,
Leaving his image etched for n.y delight.
INEZ BARCLAY KIRBY.
Evening star., 1947-10-03
Stars, Men and Atoms
Atomic Plants Produce
Heavy Water by Pound
Sent to Scientific Institutions for
Medical Experiments
By Thomas r. Henry

Sent to Scientific Institutions for
Medical Experiments
By Thomas r. Henry
Heavy water now is being produced by the
pound in laboratories of the Atomic Energy
Commission.
Since May more than so pounds of this ex-
tremely valuable "deuterium oxide" have been
produced and mostly distributed to scientific
institutions, according to report just made
to the American Association for the Advance
nient OF Science.
This Is by far the highest production re-
ported to date since the destruction during
the war of the great heavy-water plant at
Roken, Norway, which was being used by the
Germans in their atomic bomb experiments
Their production Of almost pound day was
possible because Of the enormous concentra-
tion Of electric power.
Methods Not Disclosed
The methods used by the Atomic Energy
Commission remain on the restricted list The
operations OF an atomic pile, per se would not
produce the heavy hydrogen which is the
chief constituent of ordinary heavy water. In
this some Of the ordinary hydrogen atoms in
the water molecule are replaced by hydrogen
atoms weighing twice as much.
The commission also announces the produc-
ton of a new kind Of heavy water in which
the increased weight is due to heavy oxygen
atoms-only trihe heavier than ordinary
oxygen. Both heavy hydrogen and heavy oxy-
gen occur In ordinary water everywhere, but
in extremely small amounts. The heavy
oxygen in the new water is about seven times
greater than would be found ordinarily. The
overweight oxygen atom is one of the rarest
cfn1 II, Moor oS ;o;,. $Ho
enriched water still are on the secret list Its
hydrogen atoms are all of normal weight.
Heavy water was a key product in the early
history of the atom bomb development, but
later was discarded for a more efficient and
cheaper material.
The double weight hydrogen nucleus, known
as the deuteron, Is used as an atomic bullet in
such demonstrating machines as the CYCLIC
tron to bring about transmutation of the,
elements. They are being supplied, both in
heavy water and as deuteron gas, to 18 re-
search institutions for this purpose
Medical Experiments.
The most significant use, however, is in med
ical experiments. Water Is the chief constituent
Of the animal body. 1t enters into the majority
of physiological processes. Various amino acids
now are being synthesized with the Govern
ment-supplied deuterium oxide. When these
are fed to animals it will be possible to follow
their progress in vital body functions
The commissions laboratories are furnish
ing an almost pure heavy water containing
better than SO per cent deuterium atoms Use
of the material for physiological studies with
human beings has been almost impossible in
the past because of the extrsrnely limited supply
and the high costs.
Heavy water was first produced at the United
States Bureau of Standards about 20 years
ago. This accomplishment was regarded as
one of the greatest forward steps toward the
present atomic age.
Evening star., 1947-10-03
Smoking Blamed for Colds

To the Editor Of The Star
The return Of cold weather and the unusual
attention being given to the problem Of sick
leave call attention to common habit that
undoubtedly contributes to the unpleasant
ASPECTS of both.
One reason why much heat is wasted even
when fuel is scarce Is the tobacco smoke that
must be eliminated or diluted, introducing
drafts that induce colds and other ailments.
Often the air becomes 50 Objectionable that q
chilly draft seems the lesser Of two evils until
the inevitable result: Sick leave. NOSY.