Evening star., 1947-08-03

l. In the United Nations:
Russia joined tho U. NJ. but she
has not Joined these subsidiary
groups:
The Food and Agriculture Or
ganization GAO; the Interna-
tional Bank; the international
Fund, which plans to help nations
temporarily out of foreign exchange
to get what they need to pay for
imports; the International Labor
Once mo-, a 25-year -old agency;
the International Civil Aviation
Organization.
Objections Listed
For the most part all these
agencies are supported by all the
United Nations, except Russia and
her satellites. .
g. Russian objections to majer
U. N. plans:
Russssn argument has stalled
formation Of the international
police force. which is supposed to
keep the peace for the U. NJ The
Russians would limit national con-
tributions to the force troops,
ships, planes to equal contingents
from the various nations. The
United States, supported by most
of the Western nations, wants
nations to contribute according to
their ability.
In the Atomic Energy Commission
Russia has not agreed with the
United States condition that there
be world inspection of the use OF
atomic energy with no veto" when
penalties are voted against violators.
The Russians argue that when pen
alties are discussed debate must take
place in the Security Council of the
U. NJ, where Russia could cast a
veto. Votes in this commission have
often found Russia and Poland alb
staining.
Stand on Refugees
Russia tried to stop formation of
the international refugee organiza-
tion in the last u. N. assembly by
proposing 81 amendments to the
constitution. The Russians argued
that the refugees are "Fascists" and
war criminals" and hence, should
have no international aid The
United States and Britain argued
they were mostly people who no
longer wish to live in Middle Europe.
for political reasons, and the U. N.
should preserve the right of political
choice. Votes in the committee
we're usually Russia and her five
satellites against the rest of the
nations.
Russia supports the New World
Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)
in preference to the older Interna-
tional Labor Office. She objects to
the ILO because governments and
employers take part. Only trade
unions are members of the WITH.
American support here is split be-
cause the C1O belongs to the WFTU
and the AFL to the ILO.
For three years Russia baked at
the formation of European eco
nomic commission to reconstruct the
continent. The last U. N. assembly
set, it up. Russia also refused to
participate in the Marshall pro-
posal that European countries Or
ganize to help themselves as unit.
with the United States contributing
to reduce the general deficit Rus
sia argued that the Marshall plan
would permit interference" with
European governments.
The European Transport Commits
sion has tried since 1S43 to improve
traffic conditions in Europe to aid a
free flow of trade. Russia (con-
trolling Middle Europe refused CO.
operation until 1945. Now Western
diplomats say Russian delegates
merely "obstruct" plans without ex-
planning their stand.
The European Coal Commission
tries to allocate coal. Russia has
refused to join, without explanation.
The international Emergency Food
Council, with about Is member ma
tions, tries to allocate short food
supplies. Russia refused to join,
without explanation.
Gromyko Walked Out
3. The Security Council of the
United Nations:
This 11-nation council must con-
slider international disputes likely to
lead to war. In all the ajor debates
Russia has been in the minority,
often standing alone or with the
sole support of Poland. -..-
Russian Delegate Andrei Gromyko
walked out of the meetings when
the council voted to hear, Iranian
charges that Russia was 'interfer-
I1lS Ii ~ dI1ail dAdlLS. EScAGUdlly :,
however, Russian troops left Iran.
Russia protested British troops in
Greece but the council shelved the
cases Later the council voted U. N.
commission to investigate the Greek
charge that her guerrillas were
AIpported by neighboring Russian
satellite states. Russia bitterly op-
Based adoption of a council report
agreeing with Greece.
Now Russia has used the veto
for the 18th time to defeat United
States proposal for creation of a
semi mi-permanent Balkans investigat-
ing commission.
~ The Ukraine "a Soviet) protested
British troops in 1ndonesia, but the
council vQted down an investigation.
Gromyko by three vetoes pre-
vented the council from taking some
action against Franco Spain. He
contended the delegates did not
want to go far enough. The case
remained on the council agenda un-
til, the fall assembly, when the
council dropped it, and the as
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