davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31
House Booklet on Communism
Tells Of Disciplined Workers
BY Gould Lincoln

Communism in Action in the
Soviet Union" written by the Legis-
lative Reference Service of the Lii
brary of Congress at the instance of
Representative Dirksen, Republican,
Of Illinois, was made public today,
being, in effect, an answer to the
challenge of Communism in the
United States.
There can be no reasonable doubt
that in the Soviet Union several
million workers are employed under
police discipline and receive. only
miserable keep for their labor" one
of the Is chapters of the booklet,
published as q House document, de-
clares. 1t adds that "the government
makes every effort to conceal the
existence of these camps"
Another chapter. on national de-
Tense and the Russian attitude
toward peace, says:
ut is apparent that the q. s. 8. r.
intends to develop war power equal
to the present might Of the United
States. Stain has said, in effect.
that he expects future world con-
f1icts."
In third chapter on religion, the
document asserts:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31
Presidential Yacht
Buffeted by Squalls
BY Joseph A. Fox
Sior Sfoff Correspondent

WITH PRESIDENT TRUMAN EN-
ROUTE TO HAMPTON ROADS,
Va, Aug 3l.-President Truman's
18-day vacation was in its closing
stages today as his yacht Williams
burg plowed toward the Virginia
Capes through the heaviest seas en-
countered on his cruise.
The Williamsburg and accompany.
press ship, U. S. S. Weiss, ran into
rough weather yesterday, after
smooth early passage out Of Ber-
muda, and speed was cut to about
1872 knots when seas were whipped
by series Of rain squalls and stiff
winds. Prospect of continued squalls
today made it unlikely the Presi-
dent would be able to enjoy his
usual sun bath. The Weiss rolled
about Is degrees, but the Williams
burg, with it's broader beam, was
more stable.
The Williamsburgs time of arrival
OF Cape Henry was estimated to-
day at about 8 tomorrow morning
when the yacht was some 800 miles
out of Norfolk.
AS the Williamsburg headed for sea
yesterday, Mr.. Truman exchanged
radio messages of good will with
Admiral Sir Ralph Leatham, Ber-
muda Governor who expressed hope
the President would return. The
Governor was assured by Mr.. Tru-
man that he would enjoy another
visit
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31
Semenov Dies on GaIIows;
Five Co-defendants Shot
by the Associated Pres.

MOSCOW, Aug. 31.-Gen. Gre
gorie Semenov died on the gallows
today for bearing arms against the
Soviet Union and spying for Japan.
Five co-defendants were shot. AL
were sentenced yesterday by the
military collegium of the Russian
Supreme Court.
The five sentenced to die with
Semenoy. grizzled 56-year -old Cos
sack counterrevolutionary leader,
were Constantine v. Rodzaevski,
Ais p. Bakshaev, Lev p. Vasilev-
sky, Boris N. Shepunov and Ivan A.
Mikhailov. Former Prince Nikolai
Ukhtomsky, another defendant, was
sentenced to 20 years penal servitude
and Lev p. Okhotis to Is years.
All pleaded guilty to charges aris-
Ing from what the prosecutors de-
scribed as . 25-year plot to over
throw the Soviet government. Sem
enov confessed collaborating witl,
Japanese generals in a plot to seize
Asiatic Russia for Japan. He sue
ceeded Admiral Alexander Vasilie-
vich Kolchak as leader of the coun-
terreyolutionary White Guardists In
Siberia 20 years ago.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31
Industry Spokesman
Hits Plan 10 Avert
New York Truck Strike
Says o'Dwyer's Proposal :.
Books Union Demands;
Rejection Urged
BY the Asxociofsd Press

NEW YORK, Aug. 81. "A
trucking industry spokesman
said today he would recon-
mend that employers reject a
three-point compromise propose
advanced by Mayor William
O'Dwyer to avert a strike OF
10000 to $4,000 union truck
drivers here Tuesday.
Joseph M. Adelizzi, chairman OF
the employers joint wage scale
committee. said the plan did not
constitute compromise, for it rep
resents the demands of the union.
ut is not based on fair evalua-
ton OF the merits of the employers
case, for they had no adequate op-
portunity to describe it," he added
Mr.. Adelizzi said mo formal state
ments" would be made by the COM
mittee as whole until it had time
to study the Mayors proposal.
Baltimore Negotiations Continue.
In Baltimore, negotiations be-
tween union truck drivers and rep
resentatives Of 146 Baltimore opera
tors for a new contract continued
today. with 1ess-than-cargo rail
freight embargo ordered by the
American Association of Railroads
in effect at Baltimore terminals.
The association clamped on the
embargo in Baltimore and in the
New York Metropolitan area yes
terday.
Thomas j. Healy. business agent
OF the AFL Freight Drivers and
Helpers Union. Local No. 557. termed
the Baltimore embargo absolutely
unnecessary" and said certainly our
men have no intention of striking. y
He said it was his hope that
new contracts could be concluded
successfully before the present ones
expire at midnight.
But if not" he added, .''the ne
gotiations will be resumed after La
Dor Day and there will be no in
terruption of work"
Mayor O'Dwyer's plan was made
public after a city hall conferences
fSee TRUCKERS page A-21
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31
Court Hears Nuzis' Last Pleas:
Verdict to Be Given Sept. 70
Goerine Shouts His
Innocence and Hess
Attacks Proceedings
by the Associated Press

NUREMBERG, Aug. 31.-The
verdict in the nine month old
Nuremberg war crimes trial will
be given September %, the tri-
bunal announced today.
The disclosure was made by Lord
Justice Sir Godfrey Lawrence of
Britain. presiding. after the 20
henchmen of Hitler in the prisoners
dock completed their final pleas.
Justice Lawrence announced that
the International Military Tribunal
would recess until September %,
when the verdict is to be given
against Hermann Goering and his
fellow defendants and seven Nazi
organizations.
For four hours the tribunal heard
speeches by the ring
leaders of Hitler's war machine
denying they were guilty of war
atrocities and crimes against hu-
1t was their last chance to ex-
plain Nazi Germany's conduct be-
fore they learn their fate Most of
them blamed Hitler for war develop
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31

Though the Soviet government
stresses the separation of church
and state, it is virtually impossible
for anything to exist apart from the
state under the Soviet system" The
number Of orthodox churches in the
U. S. S. r. in 1871 was only 4,225,
compared with 46,457 in 1917.
MIR. Dirksen, in q statement ac-
companying the release of the new
document, insisted the effective way
to meet the challenge of those who
seek to spread Communism in this
country-whethe Russian Commu-
nists or American fellow travellers
lies in "the diffusion of authentic
information and knowledge Of how
Communism operates and affects
people In their daily living" For
that reason, he said, he had been
prompted to urge upon the Legis-
lative Reference Service, under the
immediate direction Of Director Err
nest 8. Grimth, to prepare this
study Of Communism in action.
Mr.. Dirksen, in the winter and
spring Of 1945 travelled in many
countries where Communism is be-
M proragated by the Soviet gov
(SNe COMMUNISM. sPage A-2.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31
Three Sentenced 10 Death
In Romanian War Trial
BY tho Associated Press

BELGRADE, Aug. 31.-Three per-
sons were sentenced to death and
three others to jail terms in Yugo-
slavia's second major war crimes
trial, concluded yesterday before
a military court.
Gen. Erwin Rosener, former Ges-
tapo commander, and Lovro Hacin
wartime chief of the "Quisling'
police in Ljubljana, were sentenced
to be hanged, and Leon Rupnik
"Quisling" mayor of Ljubljana, was
sentenced to be shot.
Sentenced to Jail terms were
DIR. Milo Krek, minister of the pre-
war Yugoslav government, Is years;
Vilko Vizjak, army officer. 20 years,
and Gregor Roman, former Cath
olic bishop of Ljubljana, ID months.
Roman, reported to be in the
British zone of Austria, was tried
in Absentia.
The defendants were charged with
collaboration with the Axis and
war crimes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31
"a Germans Arrested
As Spies for Soviet
Are Freed by U. 5.
Leader of Free Germany
Is Still Declined, but
Charges Are Kept Secret
BY the Assoeiaisd Press

FRANKFURT, Aug. 31-Col.
c. F.. Fritsche, deputy United
States Army intelligence chief in
Europe, disclosed today that all
but one Of, Is Germans arrested
on suspicion of Soviet-sponsored
espionage in the American &C.
cupation zone of Germany have
been released from jail. .
Col. Fritsche said the only one still
in custody was Walter Kazmarek,
alleged leader of the Russian
sponsored clandestine organization
known as Free Germany"
He refused comment on the reason
for the release of the other IA sus-
poets and would not say whether
charges had been filed against
Kazmarek.
Operation on for Five Months.
Col. Fritsche would not even say
when the IA were freed. All were
picked up several months ago as a
result of what the United States
Army described as evidence of
Soviet espionage and subversive
political activity" They were alleged
to have operated in the Stuttgart
area and to have given information
to Russia on American troop move
ments.
This operation has been going on
for five months" Col. Fritsche said,
land they may have been released
months ago.
This operation is still continuing
and we cannot disclose information
now that might jeopardize our
future operations"
He refused to discuss the question
of whether the Germans can legally
be prosecuted for espionage, except
to say that the decision on that has
not yet been flnalized."
A military government legal OIL
Ger in Stuttgart said last night
that I'VE found We could not legally
charge the IS men with espionage
and that the Army's Counterintel-
ligence Corps had forbidden the
drafting of substitute charges
against the suspects.
Charges Suspended.
Col. Juan Sedillo, legal chief of
the Stuttgart military government,
said the Army's Counterintelligence
Corps had ordered the suspension
of espionage charges against the
defendants.
He added that substitute charges
then were prepared, but that coun-
terintelligence officers ordered that
these charges also be suspended.
Intelligence officers at Army head
quarters said the activities of the
Free Germany" group were mot
necessarily espionage" and that
Soviet propaganda was the principal
objective. They said the Free
Germany" organization was formed
in Moscow under Russian spon-
sorship, and originally had 1000 900
members-all Germans converted to
Communism by indoctrination in
Russia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31
Unofficial Record
OF SOB Miles an Hour
Set by Jet Fighter
BY the Assoeiotsd Press

MUROC, Calf. Aug. 31.-An
unofficial speed mark over a
measured course at Muroc Army
Air Field-608 miles an hour
has been set by an Army P-84
Thunderjet fighter.
But because the Republic jet
didn't surpass Great Britain's
record of 6O6 miles per hour by
more than miles per hour, it
will not be recognized
The Army refused further in
formation, including the pilots
name
Raj Group Capt. Hugh Will
son set the existing record No
vember Z, 1915, at Herne, Eng
land, in Gloster meteor jet
fighter.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31

in prewar days were largely financed
by Anglo-American interests.
The Romanian case was the sec
ond Russian reparations demand
approved by commission this week.
The italian Economic Commission
Endorsed the Soviet claim for $780,
0O0, 1000 from Italy yesterday.
The Italian Political and Terri
torial Commission adopted the four
power draft article revising the
French-Italian frontier which will
give France the Gran Scala n.y.
dro-electric plant on the Mont Gents
Plateau. France agrees, under an
annex to the treaty, to furnish Italy
the electric power she needs.
The Italian Economic Commission
which approved 500 000,000 in rep
arations for Russia over a seven
year period, appointed a subcom-
mittee to consider war damage
claims of other nations against Italy
Greece Is asking S6,117, ZOO, 600 and
Yugoslavia 81 300, 000, 900 from Italy
The subcommittee is made up of
representatives of the United States
Russia, France, Britain, Yugoslavia,
Greece, Ethiopia. Czechoslovakia and
Canada.
The Mont, Gems Plateau frontier
as defined by the proposed treaty
shall leave the present frontier
about three kilometers northwest
OF the summit of Rochemelon, cross
the road about four kilometers
southeast of the Hospice and rejoin
the present frontier about four kilo-
meters northeast of Mont Dambin. "
The Military Committee adopted
Article SO of the italian peace treaty
whereby leach of the military, naval
lSee CONFERENCE Pare Al
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31
Soviet Granted
$300,000,000
From Romdnid
French Territorial
Demands on Italy
Approved in Paris
BY the Associufsd Press

PARIS, Aug. 31.-Four-power
recommendations that Romania
pay Soviet Russia $500, 600, 900 in
reparations and that the Italian
frontier be adjusted in Frances
favor in the Mont Gents plateau
region were adopted by Peace
Conference commissions today.
The transfer to France of the
Upper Tinee, Vesubie and Roya
Valleys, the largest French terri
torial demand from Italy, also was
approved. The Vesubie and Roya
Valleys contain the towns of Tenda
and Briga, with combined popula-
ton of about 1000.
In her demand, agreed to by the
Italian Political and Territorial
Commission, France said she wished
to move the frontier to the crest of
the Alps for military reasons and
asserted that the valley jewellers
were ethnically French.
Preparations Approved.
The Economic Commission for the
Balkans and Finland unanimously
approved the Romanian reparations
plan after a week of debate which
had touched on Romanian oil.
Article % of the Romanian treaty,
as approved by the commission,
would give Romania eight years
from September u, 1914, in which
to pay up. 1t is provided that
payment will be made in commodi-
ties such as Oil products, grain, tim
Der, seagoing and river craft and
sundry machinery.
A South African amendment to
force Romania to pay her repara-
tions by fair prices" according to
world standards was set aside for
further study, along with a most
favored-nation clause in the Ro-
manian treaty.
Reds Oppose Amendment.
Russia opposed the amendment
and Britain and the United States
favored it. American sources said
the significance of the amendment
was that Romania was paying repa-
rations with oil from fields which
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31
u. ). 10 Sell China
Bulk Of lis Civilian
Surplus in Pacific
Agreement Excludes Arms,
Aircraft and Any Material
Not DemiIitorized
BY the A,seeiotsd Press

SHANGHAI, Aug. 31.-The
United States agreed today to
sell to China the bulk OF Amer
lean surplus property in the
Western Pacific and in China.
Foreign Liquidation Commission
err Thomas B. McCabe and China s
Premier T. v. Soong, in a joint
statement, said payment would be
i'm the form of settlement of an
American debt to China in Chi
nese currency plus the equivalent
of $4,000, 900.
The sale does not include air.
craft, ammunition, weapons or any
non demilitarized combat material
China's Communists attacked the
sale when it was in the rumor
stages, charging the government
would obtain enough new war ma
terial from the United States to
carry on the civil war an addi-
tional two years.
Suited to Rehabilitation.
Mr. McCabe and Premier Soong
described the property as suited to
the needs of China's economic re-
Mobilization. 1t will be Of great
benefit in combating imitation
through the realization Of substan-
tial revenues from the sale OF ur-
gently needed civilian items"
China is given % months to re-
move the surplus. Cooperation OF
American forces at the various
bases was promised. Many troops
who have done little but keep an
eye on the material may go home
when China takes delivery.
Assistant Secretary of War
Howard c. Petersen, who repre-
sented the War Department in the
negotiations, said taxpayers would
be relieved OF heavy expenditures
involved in the continued custody
and handling of the property.
The original cost to the United
States was about $500, 100000 for
movable property now on Okinawa,
Saipan, Tinian and other islands,
and in China, and $85 600, 900 for
fixed installations in China.
In addition, to offset an American
(See SURPLUS Page AL
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31
Moiotov Is Reported
To Have Left Paris
For Moscow Talks
BY the Assceiofsd Press

PARIS, Aug. 31.-Represen-
tatives of lass, official Russian
news agency, said they believed
Soviet Foreign Minister Molo-
TOW left today for Moscow to
spend a few days in consulta-
ton at the Kremlin.
Top officials at the Soviet
Embassy, where MIR. Molotov
has been staying, could not be
reached Immediately for con-
flrmation of this report.
The French news agency said
Mr.. Molotov left early this
morning by plane for Moscow.
If true, this would mean Mr..
Molotov would not attend the
Foreign Ministers Council ses-
sion scheduled for Monday.
Presumably his place would be
taken by Andrea Vishinsky,
Deputy Foreign Minister.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31
Two Trains Smash Car,
But Men Inside Escape
BY the Associated Press

INDIANAPOLIS, Aug. 31.-A train
hit a car at a crossing today
dragged it down the track 100 feet
and rolled it in the path of another
train coming from the opposite di-
rection.
The collision with the second
train threw the car into a ditch
beside the track.
Two men-Charles Pierce of Alex
andria, Ind, and C. B. Lifford of
Anderson, Ind, cringed inside the
car as it was battered by the two
trains.
They suffered only minor cuts and
bruises
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31

was the Tyrant Conformance. It
mattered not that he was in the
South. that every one including his
congregation thought differently
he was for race equality and not
afraid to say so in the. pulpit. And
even after Pearl Harbor he insisted
that war was wrong.
He knew how the world whips the
noncomformist with its displeasure.
That was why he had to leave Eliza
bethton, Tenn, and come to Athens
in 1913.
His congregation at the Keith
Memorial Methodist Church at Ath-
ems. unit Of the Holston Confer
ence Of the old Methodist Episcopal
{ lSes KENNEDY, Page A-5.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31

ments. Some said, nevertheless
they were not afraid to die
Justice Lawrence praised counsel
Of both prosecution and defense
for the way they performed their
duties. He said some Germans hao
written German attorneys criticiz-
ing their conduct. but pledged that
both the tribunal and the Allied
Control Council would protect the
attorneys.
Four Of the "a men originally
indicted were not in the court
They were Martin Bormann. a
1See NUREMBERG. Page A-2D
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31
Prices Of Toys on Wheels
Increased 4.8 Per Cent

The OPA yesterday ordered an
immediate increase of AZ per cent
In manufacturers ceiling prices on
such children's metal wheeled goods
as tricycles, wagons, scooters, toy
airplanes, trucks and automobiles.
Consumer ceilings will be increased
by the same amount. OPAs reason:
Higher labor and ma, rial costs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31
IW.,M. "a. usStrike
Ends, Normal Service
Resumed on Line
Agreement Reached on
Dismissal of Nonunion
Construction Workers

Normal bus service on the
Washington, Marlboro g. Annap-
oils Motor Lines was resumed at
II am. today as the bus COM
pany officials reached agreement
with union leaders on a dispute
over the use of nonunion work.
ers in the construction of an ad-
dition to the firms garage.
Service on the line had been
paralyzed since 2 am. yesterday
when the bus company's 200 drivers
and maintenance workers refused to
cross picket line thrown up by the
AFL District Council of Carpenters
in front of the w. M. 81 A. head
quarters at 1910 Southern avenue
Bradbury Heights, Md. The COM
pany serves an estimated $4,000
Washington Maryland commuters
daily.
Agreement was reached today by
Ray Taylor, business agent of the
carpenters union, and Leslie L. Alt
mann, president of the bus firm,
that the nonmion workers on the
construction job would be dismissed
The bus drivers, who were waiting
outside the building for word that
the carpenters union would reach
agreement with their employers,
Immediately started their buses in
operation.
Refuse to Cross Picket Line.
Emphasizing that the bus drivers
had no dispute with their employ
ers, James M. Halcombe, president
of the bus drivers union, also ali
AFL affiliate, said the men simply
refused to cross picket line. Mr..
Halcombe explained that 1t is the
policy of his union-Division 1866
OF the Amalgamated Association
of Street, Electric Railway and
Motor Coach Employees of America
not to cross picket lines of other
AFL unions.
Mr.. Altman said his firm never
has employed nonunion labor" He
SAID that the construction work at
the garage is being done by a con-
tractor and that the nonunion men
were hired by him.
Il have asked the contractor and
he has agreed to dismiss the men in
accordance with the unions wishes, :"
Mr. Altman said.
Holiday Plans Suffer.
The bus tieup hampered the holi-
day weekend vacation plans of
thousands Of Washingtonians who
had intended to visit the Maryland
beaches served by the bus route.
At the same time, approximately
10000 homebound Federal and other
employees were stranded last night
by the strike. Thousands miIled
around the terminal at Eleventh
street and Pennsylvania avenue NV
and at the Census Bureaus Office at
Slptland, Md.
Andrews Field was running two
buses to transport Army personnel
stationed at the field and civilian
workers employed there, yesterday
afternoon and this morning. One
bus left the terminal at Eleventh
street and Pennsylvania avenue
NV. for the field and one left the
field for Washington every hour.
Persons using the bus were re-
quired to identify themselves by
their Andrews Field passes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31

BY daylight there was no govern
ment in Athens. The Mayor, the
aldermen, the city police force OF
five, the city recorders. the county
justices OF the peace. the sheriff
and his deputies-all were unavail-
able. Most of them had left the
county; the sheriff and his armed
force had been driven out.
This Bernie Hampton is not an
ordinary man. He calls to mind:
Some piHage Hampden that Nth
dauntless breast
The little tyrant OF his fields NTH
stood.
But 1t was no little tyrant that
Bernie--as all Athens calls him.
Aad stood Oh in peace and war. II
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31
Pocifist Minister 4 axes Over
Athens After Revolt of els
Rev. Bernie Hampton Undertakes to Pilot
Embottled City to Constitutional Authority
Fourth OF a Series.)
By GEORGE Kennedy

The Rev Bernie Hampton went downtown Athens Tenn
ABOUT III ocock on the morning of August the
intermittent firing through the night that an expo
sion about and the progress of the
unexpected election day revolution He going
self what had happened.
Plenty had happened Members of the CT Nonpartisan
who had conducted vigorous political campaign for the
oces had turned to armed revolt when they
VICTORY at the polls was being stolen They had siege the
JAIL to which the sheriff deputies had carried the ballots
they mad forced the surrender of the jail by exploding
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31
II Nozi Defendants
In Nuremberg Trial
Expect to Be Honqed
BY the Associotsd Press

NUREMBERG, Aug. 81. -
Eleven of the 20 Nazi leaders
heard in final pleas today expect
to be hanged, defense attorneys
said.
Three-Hjalmar Schacht, Con-
stantin Won Neurath and Franz
Won Papen-expect clemency.
Six Karl Doenitz. Erich
Raeder. Alfred Jodl, Baldur Won
Schirach, Hans Fritzsche and
julius Streicher - still have
hopes"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31

(See SURPLUS, Page A-2D
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-31

(See TRUCKERS, Page A-2D