Evening star., 1946-12-26

facturerS. This compares Win ~
per cent in 1925. The nanufac-
turers competed in advertising and
salesmanship, in style and quality,
but they did not compete in price"
TOBACCO.
1.-The big four-American Tobacco
Co., r. j. Reynolds. Liggett &
Myers and P. Notwithstanding in
dominant positions in the industry.
In 1894 these four companies pro-
duced "a per cent of the cigarettes.
"A per cent of the smoking tobacco
up 10 per cent, of the chewing
tobacco. The industry as whole
in 1910 devoted 11.3 cents Of every
dollar of cigarette revenue to adver-
tising purposes, an important factor
in maintaining control in the hands
of the large companies"
RUBBER.
THE big four-Goodyear, Fire.
stone, United States Rubber and
Goodrich-account for more than
90 per cent Of the assets and nearly
80 per cent of the total net sales of
the industry. The big four rubber
companies during the war operated
80 per cent Of the total capacity
for Buna-S synthetic rubber. Thus,
the big four are the dominant pro-
ducers Of synthetic rubber as well
as of rubber products"
LOCOMOTIVES.
"Tne four largest companies pro-
duced 86 per cent Of the industry's
total in 1945."
RADIO AND RADAR.
Shipments of the four largest
companies-General Electric. West
inghouse, RCA and Western Electric
alone in 1945 were six-and-a- half
times those for the whole industry
in 1889"
ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES.
lone of the most striking aspects
Of the production of specific sp-
pliances is the occurrence Of the
same big companies as major pro-
ducers of more than one of the ap-
Ipliances, rejecting both dexibility
Of operation and the power of brand
names"
"The petroleum industry is thor
oughly dominated by 20 major inte-
grated companies. The majors own
nearly 80 per cent Of the producing
wells and produce better than half
of the crude oil Their control is
even greater than these figures indi-
cate, because of their ownership of
the pipe line. They own about 80
per cent of the strategic trunk pipe
line mileage and nearly so per cent
of the gathering pipeline mileage.
The majors also are in possession of
IS per cent of the cracking Ca
pacity."
STEEL.
''The top three companies-United
Steel, Bethlehem and Republic -ac-
counted for nearly so per cent Of the
Nations total steel ingot capacity
The concentration of control in the
steel industry is magnifled by inter-
relations between the large pro-
ducers and giant financial anG
banking groups. Between 1910 and
1945, total steel-making capacity in
creased by II per cent, and two
thirds Of this wartime increase was
accounted for by the three largest
companies.
Copper.
'The industry is dominated b.
four companies. In 1887 these tol
producers held the commanding
position Of 80 per cent of the cop
per mined in the country. At tn,
peak of war production in 1914;
these same four producers had in
creased their proportion to IS pc,
cent"
| Agricultural Machinery.
I'm the flrst quarter of 1945 pro.
duction in tractors was more thar
three and a half times the average
quarter of 1859. The four larges
companies handled "a per cent o.
all shipments from these plants.
Food Processing Machinery.
"The food machinery corporation
accounts for some IS per cent of al
the, canning machinery in tn,
United States. 1t also supplies two
thirds of all the evaporated milk
companies with sterilizing, process.
ing and canning machinery on 1
lease basis"
Chemicals.
Three flrms-E. 7. du Pont, thu
Allied Chemical e. Dye Corp. anc
the Union Carbide g. Carbon Corp
/ VA
| ~ FAME