davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-04-13
Retirement of Women Urged

Retirement of Women Urged
To the Editor Of The Star:
More power to those advocating the
retirement Of Federal workers after Is
years of service! The veterans are for
it and their needs should be considered.
With this plan thousands would re-
tire. 1t especially would benefit women
There are so many Of them who have
devoted Is or more years of their younger
lives to the Government. Now, past
middle age, they are half ailing, half
worried to death lest new workers come
along to oust them before they have
served the 80 or more years required for
their retirement on substance pensions.
After retirement, many who have
spent 40 or As years in Government serv-
vice are unable to adjust to any leisurely
mode of living, we'll earned though it
may be, and soon die.
If need be, to keep the "best brains"
in Government, leave the law as it is
for men, but make it Is years for the
women. Let them out to provide Jobs
for young, family veterans who
need security. Give these aging women
full pensions while they have at least
a few active years left in which to
enjoy their grandchildren, or to travel,
or to take an active part in community
affairs. M, A. NJ.
Evening star., 1946-04-13

pumped from the bottom of the
stream. Also, it required the elimi-
nation Of debris which had accumu-
lated in the water and along the
banks for generations. Supple
mentary problems were those of
providing new maritime approaches
to Washington, furnishing needed
tide and flood control facilities,
planting trees and shrubs to aid in
holding the reclaimed and recon-
structed ground and laying out roads
and paths for the use OF people
desiring to benefit by the new recre-
ational opportunities of the park.
One of the details was the removal
of the old Long Bridge, a menace to
navigation in the Potomac for
decades.
OF course, Hams did not complete
the whole inclusive task. A Begin
ming had been made before he was
assigned to the job and much has
been accomplished since he ceased
to be associated with it, Yet he is
entitled to vast credit for the con-
tribution which is commemorated
In the designation of Hams Point.
1t existed as an island OF sort
before he was born, but it was his
genius that linked it to the rest of
East Potomac Park. The name 1t
bears also honors his service as a
member OF the Nicaragua and
Panama Canal Commissions between
1897 and 1907. At sixty-four he
sought retirement from the Army,
but at seventy-six he was appointed
major general under a special act
OF Congress and put in charge of
the Norfolk harbor and river district.
His final duty was as division en-
gineer of the Eastern Division in
1918. At the moment of his re-
linquishment of this last position
he was the oldest military officer
then in uniform. He died at Walter
Reed Hospital on November 7, 1921.
The Point is his best memorial.
Evening star., 1946-04-13
General Huins

Many visitors to Washington and
at least few regular" residents
of the city on occasion must have
wondered how the farthest end of
East Potomac Park got its name.
The explanation long since should
have found its way into standard
guide books. 1t would help to pre-
serve proper remembrance of one
of the most notably useful men of
his time.
His contemporaries knew him as
Colonel or, after 1908, General Peter
Conover Hams. War Department
records show that he was a native
of Philadelphia, born on July 6, 1S4O,
and that, having been graduated
at West Point in 1861, he almost
Immediately won his captaincy in
the field, was commissioned major
for his share in the siege of vicks-
burg in 1863 and, transferring to the
Engineer Corps that same year, was
made a lieutenant colonel in 1865
and full colonel in 1895.
This service chronicle, however,
gives little suggestion OF the charac-
ter or quality of the work that Hains
was doing. His experience in the
Virginia Peninsula, Maryland and
Rappahannock campaigns as well as
in the Mississippi Valley prepared
him to take responsibility for the
development Of the Potomac. From
1882 to 1891 he was in charge of
the reclamation of the so-called
flats" in the river. The enterprise
thus officially described involved the
construction of a lengthy rip-rap
seawall and the filling of acres of
pestilential marshes within that
artificial ring" with tons OF mud
Evening star., 1946-04-13
Single Tax in Argentina?

Single Tax in Argentina?
To the Editor of The Star:
A recent article in a London journal
intimates that Col. Juan Peron. as Pres
ident OF Argentina, may undertake to
restore the agrarian code of Rivadavia,
president in 1926, that was swept away
by the dictator Rosas. who distributed
the land to his followers with lavish
hand. Hence came the great estates,
many If not most of them now under
absentee control, and a landless rack
rented and tax-ridden peasantry and
industrial class.
With that code again in full force,
Argentina would have in effect but one
landlord-the state. Not by expropria-
ton of the land, with everything Of
value on or under it, as in Russia, but
by ALLEGATION of its socially created
rental values to social or public uses.
Every Argentine then would be free to
become landholder at no outlay be-
yond payment of the ground rent rs
fixed in amount by periodic surveys and
with entire possession Of his improve
ments and other production. That
would mean for Argentina the end of
feudalistic land control and its many
resultant ills that are a constant de-
traction from the benefits of demo-
cratic rule.
WALTER N. CAMPBELL.
Evening star., 1946-04-13
Crisis Over Trieste

A broadcast of Radio Moscow call
ing for settlement of the Italo-
Yugoslav boundary question in ac-
cordance with the full claims of
Marshal Tito inevitably intensifies
an already tense situation. Tito de-
mands virtually the whole of the
Italian border province of Venezia
Giulia, acquired by Italy from de-
feated Austria Hungary at the close
OF World War I. and Of course in
cluding the big port city of Trieste.
italy no less stubbornly defends the
rights of the Italian element, which
predominates in Trieste itself and
the coastal region, though the
mountainous hinterland of the prov
ince is predominantly Yugoslav.
When Axis resistance collapsed in
italy last spring, Tito tried to occupy
the whole of Venezia Giulia in ad-
vance of the settlement. which the
Big Four had decided should form
part of the postwar peace confer
ence. This attempt was foiled by the
quick action of the Allied military
authorities in Italy, acting under in
structions from their home govern
ments. Those authorities were, of
course, Anglo-American. Before a
peremptory demand of the Allied
authorities, Tito reluctantly with
Grew his forces from Trieste. and
mixed Anglo-American forces, in
cluding an entire American Army
division, occupied Trieste and the
western part of the province, leaving
the eastern part in the hands Of the
Yugoslavs. The demarcation be-
tween the two occupation zones Is
known as the Morgan Line, from the
name of the British occupational
commander.
In the many months that have en-
sued. the Yugoslavs have repeatedly
&dulged in provocative tactics,
Evening star., 1946-04-13
If Russiu Only Would!
From tn. London Sunday Dispatch

HAoh tas loHooH sunday blSpatcn.
An English-speaking commentator,
broadcasting from Moscow, has Just
used these words: "If Hitler had sue
ceeded in crushing the Red Army in a
few weeks, as he expected the poorly
protected British Isles, which moreover
did not have an army of adequate size
at that time. would have become the
victim of Nazi invasion" The Russian
commentator overlooks much of history.
From June, 1910, to June, 194l, Britain
and the empire stood alone. After the
fall OF France our island was reinforced
not by the Red Army but by empire
contingents. We fought and won the
Battle of Britain-the real issue which
decided whether or not the British Isles
were to become victim or victor. Nine
days before the Red Army was drawn
into battle the Soviet Tass Agency was
describing rumors of German attack
on Russia as absurd and as the creation
of enemies of Germany and Russia.
We salute again, as We have saluted
before, the valor of Russia How much
easier the world would rest if the Soviet
government could see its way occa-
sionally to acknowledge to its own
people the part also played by Russias
allies!
Evening star., 1946-04-13
Needed in the New Ace

In lLS nnal form the Mcmahon
atomic-energy bill is one of the most
revolutionary pieces of legislation
ever scheduled for congressional ac-
ton. 1t is no more revolutionary,
however, than the preternatural
force that has made it necessary.
When it comes up for debate, it may
perhaps be subject to some changes,
but taken as whole-as it stands
it represents highly intelligent ap-
proach to problem entirely new to
human experience and hence requir-
ing control of kind that does not
fit into the framework of our old
ideas.
The main feature of the bill is
that it would create an all-civilian
flve-man commission which would
own, operate and control all the raw
materials. resources, plant facilities,
research activities, ETC., in the devel-
opment of atomic energy for scien-
tific, military or industrial purposes.
The measure specifically declares for
free competition, but it would permit
private enterprise to enter this field
only in strictly limited and strictly
regulated minor degree. AS for in
formation policy, it would empower
the commission to fix standards and
rules, with heavy penalties falling
on any one revealing restricted data.
The commission thus would have
unprecedented power, but as safe
guards against the possibility of its
making serious mistakes or abusing
its authority, it would have certain
checks and balances against it. For
the Mcmahon bill also provides %
that the new agency consult with
military liaison committee, which
could appeal to the President
through the Secretaries Of War and
Navy in cases Of disagreement on
security matters; CD that it have
the scientific and technical advice
OF a special committee of nine civil
ians, and 90 that it's activities and
general policy be subject to a con-
tinuing study by permanent joint
congressional committee of nine
Senators and nine Representatives.
These are excellent safeguards, and
on the strength of them the bill
which is flexible enough to permit
any revisions which future domestic
or international events may require
seems to stand a very good chance
of being adopted without being
amended to death.
In any case, considering the ma
ture of atomic energy, it is difficult
to see how more effective measure
could be written at this time when
so many factors in the picture are
conjectural and when the Nation
and the world must feel their way
to proper development and control.
The Mcmahon bill may not be per-
feet, but it is sound in spirit and
conception and comes concretely to
grips with the problem. Almost
coincident with it's unanimous ap-
proval in committee, President Tru-
man has Scotched the rumor that
the Bikini bomb tests may be again
postponed. Like the tests themselves,
legislation of this sort is indispens-
able in the new age, and the sooner
enacted the better.
Evening star., 1946-04-13

government, thus creating vacuum
around him in the hope that worsening
economic conditions will stir up popular
revolution, and 90 that the big powers
intervene actively, with the assistance OF
Spanish refugees in France who are
willing and anxious to start a civil war
in their homeland
The State Departments experience
with Argentina has shown that interyen-
tion in the domestic affairs of a Latin
country is likely to boomerang.
similar situation might develop in
Spain If the United Nations were to
decide that all its members should os-
tracize that country. The Spanish peo-
pie might rally around their present
government In order to show that they
do not want foreigners to interfere in
their domestic affairs.
Military Intervention on the part of
Spaniards outside. Spain is likely to
meet with utter defeat unless they are
strongly supported by outside armies.
e * Il
Franco is reported to have a strong
military force which is regarded as fully
able to prevent the violation of SPANS
borders by any group of revolutionaries,
regardless of how well-equipped they
may be. The French government, which
originally took the lead in the move
to overthrow Franco and agreed that
Poland should open the issue at the
Security Council, is seeking substantial
loan in this country. 1t might be willing
to lend helping hand to the new Giral
government-in-exile. But the French
Army itself lacks SUFFICIENT strength to
risk campaign the outcome of which
Is highly doubtful.
There is only one strong ground force
in Europe today-the Russian. In some
quarters which are sympathetic to the
idea of getting rid of Franco by force
1t is believed that the Red forces con-
centrated in Czechoslovakia and Hun
gary may be asked eventually to take
a hand in the Franco purge and Moscow
will not hesitate to lend helping hand.
The fact that the Polish government,
which, is an appendage of Moscow, has
brought the Spanish question vigorously
to the attention OF the United Nations
lends color to the belief of American
political leaders that the whole matter
has a strong political smell"
Evening star., 1946-04-13

legged concentration of 100000 Spanish
troops on the border.
In addition it is alleged that Spain
is harboring large number of Nazi
war criminals who continue their ac-
tivitieS from Spanish territory, and
allows and promotes scientific research
by German scientists working on new
war weapons. 1t does not say the
atomic bomb, but the implication is
there.
The Polish representative in the
Council relies upon paragraph of
Article 2 of the u. N. Charter as the
basis of his application for Council
action. This paragraph says: THE Or
ganization shall ensure that states
which are not Members of the United
Nations act in accordance with these
principles the settlement of interna-
tional disputes by peaceful means SO
far as may be necessary for the main
tenance of international peace and
security" The request to place the
Spanish situation on the Council agenda
is made under Articles "a and IS of the
Charter, included in the Chapter vi
on pacific settlement of disputes.
These articles authorize the Council
to investigate any dispute or situation
which may lead to international fric-
ton, IN order to determine whether the
continuance of the dispute or situation
is likely to endanger peace, and author
ize any member of the u NJ to bring
such a dispute or situation to the at
tention of the Council
y
However, paragraph of Article 2 OF
the Charter. which is intended to pre-
vent United Nations interference with
the internal affairs of a nation, reads:
Nothing contained in the present
Charter shall authorize the United Ma
tions to intervene in matters which are
essentially within the domestic juris-
diction of any state or shall require the
members to submit such matters to
settlement under the present Charter;
but this principle shall not prejudice
the application of enforcement meas
ures under Chapter VII Chapter VII
relates to enforcement proceedings when
threats to peace. breaches of peace and
acts of aggression are concerned-by the
use of sanctions or armed forces.
1t would appear, therefore. that Po-
land must make out an ironclad case
against Frances government-that it Is
actively threatening international peace
If the Council is to proceed in the
matter.
Evening star., 1946-04-13
Road Hogs Blamed
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
Your news report of the killing of
three soldiers Saturday on the Balti-
more road says nothing about the man
who caused the accident by stopping
in the middle of the road.
In 40 years of driving I have noticed
that half the auto accidents are caused
by the brainless actions of people who
disregard other traffic.
The tragic part is that they are selcom
hurt, go on about their Sunday driving
and never are called to account.
All streets are full of cars running
down the middle. II the street was a
mile wide, they'd be half a mile from
the curb.
Inattention and disregard cause more
accidents than drunken driving and all
other errors put together have yet
to see cop tell one OF these hogs to
tend to his business and get over to
the right and give others a chance.
s. r. B.
Evening star., 1946-04-13
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

The Franco regime In Spain, ac-
cused of aiding the Axis powers during
the war and of being potential threat
to international peace today. is due for
a going over in the United Nations
Security Council. A complaint against
the Franco government Is before the
Council on the initiative of Poland. 1t
will have the backing of Soviet Rus
sia, Mexico, France and probably China.
The first question that arises is
whether the case against Dictator
Franco shall be heard. While the United
States and Britain have in the past
taken the position that it was the job
of the Spanish people to take care of
the situation brought about by the con-
tinuance of Franco in control of their
government-an internal affair-it Is
expected that their representatives in
the Security Council will agree to dis
procedural level.
In some quarters it Is urged that
Communist Russia is the real instigator
OF the complaint: that Poland's govern
ment, closely associated with that of
Russia, is only the vehicle of the COM
plant. What the western democracies
lCdI 10 tlidl IL tilc TTdIlCO SOp6IIlHlcIlJ
is suddenly overthrown through pres
sure brought by the Security Council
of the United Nations, chaotic condi-
tions may arise which may result in the
formation of Communist government
in Spain. They look on the present
move as political move by Soviet
Russia and her supporters and doubt
the charge that the Franco govern
ment at this time constitutes q threat
to international peace-that Franco has
any intention, for example, of becoming
an aggressor against France, as is
charged by Poland and by the Span
ish Republican government in exile.
-
The Polish complaint filed with the
Security Council pointedly recalls that
the General Assembly of the U. N. in
London last winter unanimously con-
demned the Fascist government in
Spain and banned it from membership
in the u. N. This gives the complaint
an excellent springboard. 1t is al
legged also by the Polish complaint that
recent developments have caused in
ternational friction and endangered
peace, making it impossible to consid-
er the Spanish situation as merely an
internal affair. Among these develop
ments was the closing OF the frontiers
between France and Spain and an al
Evening star., 1946-04-13
Skeptical About Tests

Skeptical About Tests
To the Editor Of The Star:
Scarcely had we ceased reading of
the mountainous and unprecedented
waves which, carrying infinite destruc-
tion, swept from Hawaii to the Aleu-
tians and the coast of California, than
We were told Of the discovery by science
OF sunspot gases near the earth-which
may account for the recent disturbance
Of radio activity noticed here.
Does not the question arise as to
whether we may not be tinkering (per-
haps maladroitly) with secrets long
withheld by nature and by natures
God for our own good?
1t is understood that further expert
ments are to be tried to determine the
effect of the atomic bomb on the sur
face and under sea. All right, We say,
if there is reasonable expectation that
the results will further the cause of
world peace. Otherwise I doubt If addi-
tional experiments will have the sane
ton of the American people.
WILBUR H. CLOSE.
Evening star., 1946-04-13
This Changing World
BY Constantine Br0Wn

At his Thursday press conference.
President Truman expressed the views
OF American policy trainers when he
stated without amplihcation that Po-
lands decision to raise the Spanish issue
before the United Nations Security
Council was dictated by political mo-
tives.
This was interpreted to mean that
Poland's Ambassador, Oscar Lange, was
instructed by Moscow to bring up the
much-discussed Franco question" as
an antidote for continuation of the
1ranian-Soviet dispute on the agenda OF
the Council.
Neither President Truman nor Secre-
tary of State Byrnes nor, for that mat
ter. anybody in an official position in
this country has any use for the Span
ish dictator.
The point of view espoused by WASH
ington and London Is that 1t would be
of great assistance to world peace if
Franco could be eliminated as SPANS
ruler. But neither the American nor
British governments would like to risk a
major upheaval in the Iberian Peninsula,
adding another explosion to the already
GeHse conQltlOnS IN Europe.
The possibility is limited that under
firm, but unspectacular, pressure Franco
might be induced to hand over power
to government formed within Spain
and not outside.
Several months ago it looked as if the
Caudillo might be induced to comply
with such demand and there seemed
to be good chance that a democratic
regime. headed either by the pretender
to the throne or by some other less
compromised Spaniards, might be or
ganized to take over the reins from
Franco and the Falangists. But un-
timely public Intervention in Spain's
affairs by the French government, sup
ported lukewarmly by Washington, ap-
pears TO have killed this possibility, for
the time being at least.
i il
Under these circumstances there are
three choices of action left: % That
we allow the situation in Spain to sim
mer as in the past: CD that the United
Nations break relations with the Franco
Evening star., 1946-04-13
Your Glory, Lincoln
"a Memorial: April 14.)

IA memorial. April l4.D
No myrtle can obliterate a name So
Carved not on stone, but in a Natioa's
heart:
This is your glory, Lincoln, and your
fame
None lDiH forget hoW you rehearsed
your part
ION, did you kno,r oh did you epen then
Kno,o that ,Das but the prologue to
the play? p
That brother pould sloy brother soon
again
Upon Daster stage -. q later ddy?j
A house divided cannot stand, you said:
You kneto that Slavery held the mas
ter slave
That freedom Is mans. snstcnance and
bread
Your poice still pleads beneath the
uduIted graue
You cannot sleep till man has under.
stood
That peace Is Unipersal Brotherhood
MAE WINKLER GOODMAN