davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-09-01
Two Large Cities Have Been Removed
From the Face of the Earth -

MUST DESTRUCTION BE OUR
DESTINY? A SCIENTIST
SPEAKS AS A CITIZEN
By Harrison Bro,Dn. (Simon
e. Schuster; S2.)
Reviewed by
MORRIS c. LEIKIND.
FelloiD in Medicine and Biology,
Library OF Congress
Many persons among the millions
who sat at their radios last May lis
tening to the first of the Bikini atom
bomb tests were impressed by faint
sound barely audible above the clat-
ter of the static which seemed to be
the principle sound effect emanating
from Operations Crossroads" This
faint sound was the tick-tock of a
metronome ticking of the final sec
Evening star., 1946-09-01
World Education
As q Basis for
Lasting Peace
THE GREAT DILEMMA OF
WORLD ORGANIZATION
By Fremont Rider. (Reunal
& Hitchcock; $780,
Poviou,oJ bu
CRESTON B. MULLINS.


Encouraging for the struggle to
achieve lasting peace is the energy
with which the hooks and crannies
OF possibility are being explored for
new clues to the solution of a
pacified world and the sincerity with
which diverse minds are attacking
the problem.
Mr.. Rider is not, by any stretch
OF the imagination, to be regarded
as an expert of international rela-
tions; his experience has been con-
fined to the field of libraries and
business and the trade papers which
serve those fields. But, courageously,
he plunges into the problem with an
audacious approach and a fresh
viewpoint.
Now this bold wrestling of the
unfettered mind-unfettered, that
is, by the chains of habit and think
ing which grow on those who spend
their lives in international relations
is all to the good, for it means
that many who refused to burden
themselves with world affairs are
now under the threat of the atomic
bomb and some other perils, grasp
ing the full import of this world S
condition.
Mr.. Riders plan for peace won't t
cause more than ripple among the
peacemakers, but it is interesting
novel and worth examining, even If
the CARDS of practically are stacked
against it,
A Standard of Brotherhood.
In sense the author glorifies
literacy and education to the point
of making 1t the standard Of meas
urement for representation for all
nations in the Assembly of the
World State, whose ultimate crea-
ton he takes almost for granted
He spends no time discussing the
merits of world state or whether
there are serious practical draw
backs to such system.
Mr.. Rider has worked out an
elaborate mathematical formula for
evaluating the educational achieve
ments of all nations on the basis of
the number of years of formal
schooling which their citizens ac-
quire. He derives therefrom an
educational index which he applies
to the total of literate population to
obtain educational years of ma
tional accomplishment" Allocating
world state representatives on the
basis of one for every SO many mil
lions of educational years." he
would give the United States SO
representatives, Russia SO, the Brit
ish Empire 40, Germany A, the
French Empire %, China 20, Japan
18, Italy 13 and diminishing num-
bers to other nations.
| On the perfectly valid argument
that numbers alone mean nothing
in the cultural level of any nation
end that wealth is too indefinite in
character to be accurately deter
mined, he has turned to the one
element in national makeup with
which he is impressed, erudition
and makes this the standard. Many
reader will be irked by the iTpor-
tance he places on the doctoral
degree: There is no single statisti-
cal index to the relative world i'm
portance Of a nation, In all its
aspects, which Is more accurate
Evening star., 1946-09-01

onds before the explosion of the
bomb. The metroncme was silenced
as the bomb went off but its relent-
less tick-tock is still audible to all
who wish to hear 1t. 1t can be heard
above the seemingly endless "quack-
ing of the Paris Peace Conference,
it rises through the discussions and
the silences of the secret sessions of
the United Nations Atom Energy
Commission.
The ticking of the metronome is
what this book is about. For more
than a year it has been ticking of
seconds, minutes and hours. At
tached to this little timer is the
atomic bomb and one day in the not
too-distant future this bomb and
many others like it will explode. The
explosion will occur because human
ity did nothing to prevent it.
Yes, destruction must be our des-
tiny" II mankind does nothing to
prevent 1t. Never before in human
history has the choice between sur
vival or humiliation been so simple
and clear.
The Problem Before Us.
In blunt and incisive terms, DR..
Harrison Brown, a chemist and one
OF the young scientists who helped
to develop this fearful weapon, poses
the problem before us. What he says
is not new-for more than a year we
have been hearing these arguments
but he has compactly summarized
them so that even he who runs may
read.
Five chapters are devoted to a
statement of the problem with the
now familiar formula-(a) the atom
bomb is the most powerful weapon
man has ever produced; (b) there is
no defense known to science against
this weapon; Co there is no secret
about the making Of the bomb; ID
other nations in the very foresee-
able future will have atomic bombs
of their own.
In chapter s DR.. Brown insists
(and he voices the opinion of most
of the scientists who have worked
on the bomb that the only alterna-
tive to world destruction lies in an
effective world government which
will have control of atomic energy.
1t is not the bomb which must be
outlawed but war itself.
At this point the reader of this
review will perhaps say, This is all
old stuff, I've been hearing it for
over a year and I'm getting bored
stiff. Let's change the subject" In
reply can only quote Secretary
Henry A. Wallace, who, in a recent
conference on the international con-
troll of atomic energy remarked, I'D
rather be bored than vaporized."
Evening star., 1946-09-01

became famous through his mag
mum opus, spirited history of the
Revolution of 1888 ISSUED in an alb
breviated English edition in Lon
dom. In 1888 he fled to England.
where he lectured at the University
Of London from 1888 to 1899. Since
1910 he has been in the United
States, where he has carried on re-
search under the auspices of sew
eral learned institutions, at present
being research fellow of the Lii
brary of Congress-.
Today's Problem People.
AS the Germans have been and
are the problem people of our epoch,
this scholar unveils the enigma of
the German character in the light
Of the millennium which determined
its complexities, setting forth his
conviction that "the character of a
people is its fate" On 686 large
pages of text, he surveys the politi-
cal as well as the social and cultur-
al aspects of German history, such
as its art, effectively the major fig
ures from the medieval emperors
down through the centuries to Adolf
Hitler. These brief biographical
sketches, which recognize the power
OF the individual in history, consti-
tute strong emphasis on the re-
gional aspects of many German
events. 1t is very often not clear. to
students of the German past, what
a great factor regional differences
have been in the history OF that
people.
Valentin begins his chapter on
THE Origin Of German Nationality"
with the statement that "the Ger
mans are not Aryans." This intro
duces the important fact that no
other great European nation con-
sists Of so many different racial COM
ponents as does the German. This
reality contributed to the wishful
thinking of the Nazi theology which
glorified, contrary to the truth, the
uniform Nordic character" of the
German race.
A rather objective analysis of the
German character may be added as
a further distinguishing feature of
this work. Valentin neither white
washes nor maligns his former out
standing demagogues in the history
of Germany who personified the
major weaknesses in the German
national character.
Fhis solid and scholarly work will
satisfy intelligent readers in search
of thoroughly reliable information
and Interpretation. The reference
value of the book is increased by a
thorough chronology of the entire
period, genealogical tables of ruling
houses, maps and very original
Pedigree of Party Trends in Ger
many" The excellent translation
from the German original was made
by Olga Marx.
Evening star., 1946-09-01

interpre ,ation and re-examination of
German history and of the German
people, viewed with a decidedly lib
eral perspective. He is especially
fitted to do this because he was
born and received his early educa-
ton in the Free City" of Frank
furt on Main and obtained his
Phi. D. at the University of Heidel-
berg, university which, up to the
evil days of the Third Reich, was a
bulwark of liberalism. He proved his
courage as a liberal at the time he
began teaching history at the Uni
versity of Freiburg, in a violent
clash with powerful conservative
historian of the same institution,
Georg Won Below
After the First World War until
1888 Valentin was appointed di-
rector of the Research Department
of the National Archives at Pots
dam and professor of history at the
Graduate School of Economics
(Handelhochschule) at Berlin; he
Evening star., 1946-09-01

tribes at least, just about what he is
today.
In looking over mans whole story
Mr.. Stewart finds two great periods
The first was marked by the dis
covery of agriculture and the do
mestication of food animals and con
tinued until the city civilization
slowed down. The second begar
about 100 AID. and man still is In
that period.
With this perspective Mr.. Stewart
devotes two pages to a chapter
headed, "All About Rome" less space
than devoted to the domesticatior
of sheep.
After 1000 AID. the basic change
came with the grasping of the idea
of change. Bound up with that was
the idea of the change in the power
of heat to the power of motion
the steam engine.
The second important modern
change, Mr.. Stewart says. came with
the establishment of the large de-
mocracies in which every individual
counts for something. And this was
followed, 1882. by the corollary ot
democracy, the doctrine of joint
responsibility: While one eats al
Evening star., 1946-09-01
George Stewart Does the Ghost Writing
For the Autobiography of Mankind

shall eat; while one is clothed and
housed all shall be clothed and
housed" Mr. Stewart says this
doctrine means there shall be some
control over the quantity and quality
Of the population.
If, despite the fact mans grasping
the idea of change was of transcen-
dent Importance, the reader finds the
idea Of change unsettling, Mr.. Stew
art hazards prediction. 1t is
that in 10000 AID. the individual
will be much the same as he was
in 10000 BIC.
Evening star., 1946-09-01

exploits of Bunyanesque caliber. But
Mr.. Leonov makes them plausible.
Through it all a kitten lives con-
tentedly in the tank, tenderly cared
for by 1t. Sobolkov; Litovchenko,
the young driver; Obriadin, the tur-
retman, and Dybok, the enigmatic
radioman. What fighters these men
were! Consumed with bitter per-
sonal scores to even with the Nazi,
they find relaxation at the height
of the battle in listening to Sobolkov
spin fairy tales The end of the
story comes with a dazzling crash
of events. Sobolkov dies gloriously
yet there is no melodrama. Mr.
Leonov, We should say, has again
demonstrated his candidacy for a
seat among the top creative authors
of this era.
AS an afterthought 1t might be
isaid that Chariot of Wrath"-in its
single tracked intensity - other
things being different-reminds one
Of THE Forty Days Of Musa Dagh
which followed World War 7.
Evening star., 1946-09-01

An eminent German historian, a
liberal now exiled in this country,
here presents a most interesting
work on about 1,100 years of Ger
man history. 1t starts with the ORR
gin Of German nationality at the
end of the 9th century and ends
with the collapse and defeat of Nazi
Germany.
The fact that this compendious
study of the course of the German
nation begins not with Hermann
the Cheruscan, but with the bloody
Saxon campaigns of Charlemagne
is very significant of the authors
point of view. Valentin offers a re-
Evening star., 1946-09-01
A Story Told With
Violent Impact
CHARIOT OF WRATH
By Leonid LeonoD, translated
By Norbert Guterman. IL. B
Fischer $780,
Reviewed by
EDMUND MONK.

You can't fail to be impressed by a
reading of this book. The verb i'm
pressed" is used advisedly because
there is SO much vivid and thought
full writing here that one may read
almost any page of the book at ram
dom and receive some sort of impact.
There is excellent Characterization
IN Chariot of Wrath" particularly
In the job done on Sobolkov, the
commander of Russian Army Tank
No. 203, from the saga of which
vehicle the book gains its Holly
woodian title.
Mr.. Leonov tells his story so we'll
that you often feel that he was one
of the quartet who manned No. 203
and that what he is telling is fact,
not fiction. In his facility at get
ting the human" side of these So
Wet soldiers down on paper. there is
distinct kinship with our own Ernie
Pyle-albeit Mr.. Leonov is obviously
hammering at other objectives than
did Ernie.
There is much. too much, about a
Russian general named Litovchenko
in the book. The story opens at a
railroad siding in the Ukraine dur
ing blizzard. The general, can
vassing the operation of tanks being
disembarked prior to the thunderous
Red counteroffensive in World War
II, discovers that the only rookie
member of 203's crew is one Litov-
chenko, youth with a Whitley
burning score to settle with the in
vaders.
Blazing Adventure.
Gen. Litovchenko, commanding
the division to which 203 is assigned
is touched that man of his name
should be driving the tank. He
realizes also, suddenly, that his boy
hood village will be the vortex of the
great counteroffensive which is be-
ginning to rumble. For while the
book goes on with his nostalgias and
his tardy regrets at not having beer
home since he went to another wa,
many years before.
Then we pick up Tank 203 again
and follow it through a blazing, as
tonishing series of adventures. The
tank, which Mr.. Leonov converts
from inanimacy into a living
breathing, yes, chariot full of wrath
against the Fascist invader, performs
Evening star., 1946-09-01

cages in afterthoughts. These range
from official suspicious that he,
Adamic, is a Communist to first
hand reliable reports" on the meet
ings of the Big Three At one point,
he expresses doubt that Soviet
socialism and British imperialism
could co-exist peacefully for long"
Then he goes on to ask: And if they
Evening star., 1946-09-01

than the number of Its holders of
doctoral degrees"
Such facets of the world peace
problem need to be explored, and
the exploration is not to be con-
demned, even If the result is a fresh
conviction that it has made little
contribution to solution of the whole
problem. Mr.. Rider has made
sincere, If somewhat futile, exami-
nation Of the possibility Of using
education as a measuring stick for
representation in the World State
Assembly.
Evening star., 1946-09-01

Union STATION
washroom, MIR.
Adamic discusses
Churchill a n d
R o o S e e t at
length, mainly
specializing and
raising questions.
He did not find
the President re-
assuring, wasn't
sure he could
buck Churchill,
for whom MIR.
Adamic obvious
ly had no love.
From then on,
tho oI1thor on
Evening star., 1946-09-01
Best Sellers
NATIONWIDE.

NATIONWIDE.
according to Publishers weekly
FICTION.
1st-The Hucksters, Frederic Wake
man.
2d-Britannia News, Margery Sharp.
3d-Ths Side of Innocence, Taylor
Caldwell.
4th-We Happy Few, Helen Howe.
5th-The Snake Pit, Mary Jane Ward.
NONFICTION.
1st-The Egg and 1, Betty Macdonald. :.
2d-Peace of Mind, Joshua L. Lieb-
man.
Sd Chose Freedom, Victor Krav-
chenko.
4th-The Great Globe Itself, William
c. Bullitt.
5th-Last Chapter, Ernie Pyle.
Evening star., 1946-09-01
Hitler Personified Major Weakness
In the German National Character

THE GERMAN PEOPLE: THEIR HISTORY AND CIVILIZATION
FROM THE HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE TO THE THIRD REICH
By Veit Valenn. (Alfred A. Knopt $6j
Reviewed NEUBURGER
LIBRARY OF Congress- Until 1888 OMces
at Munich,
Evening star., 1946-09-01

for all it is worth, including such /
details as the fact that he and his
wife changed to dinner clothes in
Evening star., 1946-09-01
MAN: AN AUTOBIOGRAPHY
By George r. SteUart. (Ran-
dom House; S2.75J
ItCNlCWCO NY
FRANCIS P. DOUGLAS.

ReVleWeQ Dy
FRANCIS P. DOUGLAS.
When Mr. Stewart observes my
females deciding to have just salad
for lunch and telling my males to
eat their vegetables" he is to be re-
minded that the female in the early
life of man was the forager for seeds
and roots while the male was the
hunter of animals.
Man becoming hunter with spear
and bow and arrow were much more
important than some of the develop
ments We hail today. 1t was the
first great revolution, according to
Mr.. Stewart, and by 100000 BIC
man had become physically, in some
Evening star., 1946-09-01
Louis Adomc Goes to Dinner at the White House and Sees
The Postwar World in Roosevelt Churchill Tea Leaves

By Louis Adanlic. (Harper &
Bros, $780,
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-03-07
JAMES ROOSEVELT
CITED BY RANKIN
Mississippian Says Son OF
Late President Has Joined
Communist Party

WASHINGTON, March 6. Up
Rep. Rankin O-Miss) told the
House Wednesday James Roosevelt
has joined the Communists" Rep.
Outland D-Calif) promptly replied
by citing the war record of the late
presidents son and terming him 3
real American.
1T seems to me-" Outland said
after Rankin had spoken, ''that
anyone who disagrees with the gen
tleman from Mississippi is com.
muist." III.
Quotes Report
Rankin quoted press report that
Roosevelt had become national di-
rector Of political organization for
the Independent Citizens Commit
tee of the Arts, Sciences and Pro.
LESSONS
This article" the Mississippian
declared, "quotes him as assuming
to speak for the Democratic party.
bidding for all the left wing liber-
ais and saying that the other side
can have Bilbo and Rankin OF
Mississippi
Joins Communists
poor Jimmie, he may not know
it, but he no longer is in a posi-
ton to speak for the Democratic
party. He has now joined the COM
munists.'
Outland described Roosevelt as
''the distinguished son Of a distin-
guished father and said '1ots of
us are ready to 60 along with
James Roosevelt"
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-03-07
DAVENPORT GETS
LONG JAIL TERM
Former New Bern Broker
Found Guilty On Two
Conspiracy Counts

GREENVILLE, March 6-P)-A
Pitt county Superior court jury to-
day found Roderick Davenport,
former New Bern loans broker,
guilty of conspiracy to defraud and
false pretense, and Judge J. Paul
Frizzelle sentenced him to a total
Of from five to thirteen years in
prison.
Defense attorneys said notice of
appeal to the State Supreme court
would be entered.
The jury of farmers and business
men returned its verdict after de-
liberating three hours, including
an hour and 30 minutes for din
ner.
Guilty verdicts were returned on
two counts Of conspiracy to de-
fraud and two counts of false pre-
tense, by which the State alleged
Davenport perpetrated a fraud in
the operations of his big APPLE
loans business in Eastern North
Carolina in 1914.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-03-07
'ICKES STICKS TO
PAULEY CHARGES
Former Interior Secretary
Saws Nominee Did Use
"improper Methods"

WASHINGTON, March 6.-P)-
Former Interior Secretary 1ckes
insisted in sharp exchange with
Senator Tydings Wednesday that
Edwin W. Pauley used improper
methods" in opposing a suit to
determine government ownership
of tidewater oil lands.
Then, under pointed questioning
bv the Maryland Democrat, lckes
explained that he did not protest
directly to President Truman over
Pauley's nomination as undersecre.
tary of the Navy, because the presi-
dent did not ask his advice.
Gaudy Show
The Ickes-vs-Tydings clash was
as gaudy a show as the Senate
Naval Affairs committee has wit
messed in it's weeks of hearings or
the disputed nomination. At one
point the former cabinet officer
stuck out his finger at the Mary
lander and referred to him as
mister Pauley's counsel" Tyd'
ings shouted back: Don't try to
bamboozle mel"
Other highlights of the session,
the third Ickes has attended:
1. Ickes said he TOLD the late
President Roosevelt in 1914 that
sooner or later you are going to
have scandal on your hands" il
an oil man remained treasurer OF
the Democratic National commit
tee. Pauley formerly served In
that capacity.
Asks Removal
2. Tydings demanded that Ickes'
son, Raymond W. Ickes, who was
serving as his fathers counsel
leave his side at the witness table,
8. Ickes asserted that Welborr
Mayock, an attorney for Pauley
worked in the oil procurement
business from Democratic Nation.
al headquarters in 1914 until Presi
dent Roosevelt interviewed at Ickes
request and he was packed off tc
California"
4. The former cabinet officer de-
clared that if a California oil con.
servation bill supported by himself
President Roosevelt and Pau1ey ir
1899 had remained on the statute
books, some 10000, 900 barrels Of
oil might not have been drained by
private interests from under the
Elk Hills Naval oil reserve.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-03-07
c4 Ho s, OF 50 VOICES
10 IS SING l!t' ON SUN llS
All WlLLlSTOND HIcD

,aa ray so State Teach MI
l oa5s 60 voice choir will diTI's sn col,
concert g n - SUNDAY u March re- appear ~ il
auditorium. '0'l nigh School
cei HS;s t' s3ss5 Gs s95S5 Van va. 10,
Tor Tor, Mrs. Franklin o D mat Patsa sang
s ana Lady Astor in ls4o "O1I %
the only Negro high scbno, It was
ever TO TO sing in the White el g group
as guest Of a President. House
sur sunday Ia, = nights program. ,..
sore s9fea by by the Williston High ,s sPo1,
G e club, will include Ts SI School
sky's cave Maria" " isSUnal k
&c Cod by Handel, Ger rs Unto
summertime" and otber s ny
and semi-elassical selection VIa'a'
Following their engage lrlOn.
the choir is scheduled for e sr mere
appearance at Hampton ins Sst''I
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-03-07
INITIATION FIGHT
NEARING CLIMAX
Chester Bowles Says Next
Few Weeks Will Deter
mine Victory Or Defeat

TOPEKA, March 6.-R-Ches-
ter Bowles, Sterilization director,
saws the next few weeks repre-
sent sthe Guadalcanal, the Oki-
nawa and the Stalingrad in our
fight to maintain stabilized econ
omy.'
"To lose this fight will mean dis
aster," he told the annual conven-
ton of the national farmers union
last night. ITO win it will pave the
way for future of sustained pros
perity for all of u.s.
Decisions in Congress during the
next 80 days, he said, on extend
ing price control through June,
1o47, continuing food subsidies, and
allowing OPA and other stabiliza-
ton agencies Sufficient funds
will determine whether the fight is
won or lost"
Bowles declared that On one
side of "battle lines being drawn
we have all the millions of in
articulate little people who have
made our country great in the past
and on whom it's future depends"
Opposed to them, ne continued,
are irresponsible, rockies s.
greedy" lobbies.
Bowles said that discontinuance
of food subsidies when the present
authorize ton runs out next June l
would promptly boost food prices
by eight per cent.
The attitude Of farmers twill
decide the success or failure Of our
efforts to control inflation." he
stated
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-03-07
TRANSPORTS DELAY
CAUSED BY MOTHER
N-LAW OF EX-Gl

BUTLER, Pa, March 6.-R
"A news dispatch from LIE
Havre, France, telling how de-
parture of the transport George
w. GoethaIs was delayed for
20 minutes Wednesday, prompt
ed a good long laugh in Butler.
Ex-Seryiceman Jack Adel-
son laughed because it was his
mother-in-law, who caused the
delay by trying to stow away.
She wanted to accompany Adel-
sons wife to America.
Addison, whU was married in
Paris last November, chuckled:
wasn't counting on my
mother-in-law coming over
right away. There'u be time
enough for that later"