davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1946-11-29
APP Newsfeature

Was!llngton-One of the first
battles in the new Congress
which convenes January 3 may
be over the drastic commit
tee -streamlining provisions of
the reorganization law.
The law amends the rules
to cut Senate committees from
80 to Is and House commit
tees from 48 to 10. Since
enactment of the law last sum
mer, & number of Legislators
have been frumblihg about the
large scale reduction of COM
mittees. Some have said they
will fight to keep certain ones.
Coma1lttee consultations are
not mandatory on the new
Congress. These committees
could be retained by chang
ing the House and Senate rul-
es. Other sections of the re-
organization law such as those
boosting pay for Congressman
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1946-11-29

Two Associated Press news stories, re-
leased in Atlanta the same day this week,
had no connection with each other except
that they were both about the south. No
apparent connection, that is And yet we
feel that the first story had an uncanny
bearing on the second.
The stories were alike only in that both
dealt with statistics and that the statistics
revealed Mississippi still firmly entrenched
in her position at the bottom of the pile,
holding firmly to the forty-eighth rung of
the ladder of states.
The stories were not based ON the fact that
our state trailed the rest in the important
fields of teacher pay and per capita income.
That's not news, friends. The good citizens
of Alabama, Arkansas, and South Carolina
are said to thank the good Lord each night
for Mississippi and our backwardness. We
prevent them from being last in all worth
while brackets.
The first story dealt with a move on the
part of 100 southern chambers of
to interest business men in education, par
t~ieularly the financing of an adequate pro-
gram. The other dealt with increase in per
capita income in the south during the war
years.
Educators and business men nave a fall
ing out every two years, when the legisla-
ture meets to appropriate money for schools"
the first story said and went on to tell how
surveys revealed that business prospers
most where educational facilities are good.
An investment in education pays real
dividends. 1t means more earning capacity
for more people and that means more buy
ing capacity" the chambers of
rightly contend. Simple, isn't it? No double
talk, ifs, ands or butts.
And yet, the same group made the follow
ing report at the same time: Six years ago
the Southern states were high in the pro-
portion of income spent on public education,
Since then, however, the income of the
South has increased greatly but educational
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1946-11-29

appropriations have stood still or decreas-
ed"
And Mississippi was the only one OF 10
southeastern states named that did not move
up the scale in the national average of sal
aries paid to teachers in the period betWeen
1910 and 1914. We held tightly to our num-
Der 40 and budged nary an inch. We couldn't
drop and we didn't move in the only direc-
.tion possible-up.
And the pattern followed inevitably in
the other story: Mississippi was lowest in
income per person for the year 1945.
Lower income means lower tax revenue
so that education, health and general vel
fare suffer-" according to the Department
of Labor, "As these public functions are cur
tailed, earning capacities are reduced even
further. Poverty begets poverty in an end
less circle"
But the facts in Mississippi belle that
statement. We have had a huge surplus in
our state treasury for a number of years.
But when our school people go after part of
the funds, a hue and cry of 'raiding the
state treasury" is put up by business men
and seconded by one of the states largest
newspapers in the capital city.
The short-sighted legislators, and too
many of their constituents, seem to be-
grudge the school folks every time they get
in their endless battle to improve our sad
schools. They prefer to dig INTO the state
surplus for five-million-dollar chunks of road
improvement funds, roll out the Pork Bar
rel" and go home.
When, we wonder, will our people see that
xuo tru m null o,tpcaItac M Hu p.,r boot
straps in our beloved state? When will we
recognize the need for education and hos
pitalization on the Lowest level, as a firm
foundation for development? When will we
recognize the simple fact that the people
all of the people-are the state and that we
can only improve our lot by improving our
people?
We wonder.
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1946-11-29

as contemplated, would weak
en- national security.
Vinson will lose the chair
manship of the Naval Com
mittee since Republican con-
troll viii give the COP all the
cnairmanshlps. However, as
ranking Democratic member
of the committee, he can con
tinue MS opposition to its mer-
ger with the military commit
tee.
One of the major consolida-
tons would lump these House
groups Rivers and Harbors,
Public Buildings and Grounds,
Roads and Flood Control. An
other would lump committees
on Te %r1tories, Irrigation and
Reclamation, Mines and Min
ing, Insular Affairs and Indian
Affairs.
If the Democrats had retain
ed their majority in the House,
committee chairmen
whose Jobs were slated to be
abolished were figured to fight
to retain their posts. Some Re-
publieans who stand to lose
prospective chairmanships by
committee consultations may
oppose the slated mergers.
On the other hand, Repre-
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1946-11-29

broken and pushed into UNI
even wind rows. it is loaded
on miniature flatcars with a
steam shovel equipped with
tines like a pitch fork, in
stead If a bucket. Then it is
hauled off to the sugar mills,
dirt, tops and all, and the juice
gound out in great power mills
which are fed by the carload
instead of one stalk at a time.
The whole process in me-
chanized and the sugar and
syrup produced with thermo-
meters and testers and gaug-
es that absorb most of the hui
man element.
Such is life, we suppose, and
the expert syrup maker will
probably become rs rare as the
saw tiler and log sealer in
South Mississippi, as we move
from the electric to the atom
ic age.
We who live today see the
passing of an age and era,
much more important thar the
passing of a generation, and
our stories of events of which
we have been a part may
sound like old mems tales or
ancient history within the de-
eade.
That's why we are so sorry
we missed syrup making this
fall and why we hate to miss
a Camp Meeting or county fair
or ANYTHING that has been a
part of our lives and may soon
vanish before the onslaught of
a civilization which moves too
rapidly in a direction known
only to God.
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1946-11-29
BY L T. ROBERTS
/. ~ @sa'

stripping, hauling, and grind
ing process in Jackson Coun-
~, because production costs
r figured to a fine point and
the cost of labor is a major
factor.
You would probably think
n man crazy who set fire to
his cane PATCH but that is the
way they strip" their cane
in Hiwaii. They catch a damp
morning and burn most of the
shucks from the cane by burn
ing against the wind.
A sugar chemist in Wailuku,
the capital of the Hawaiian
Island of Maui, told us the
burning process was discover
ed accidentally when a fire
broke out in a field ready for
harvesting. They found that
the fire cid not hurt the quail
~ of the syrup or sugar, and
that it eliminated a lot of the
pesky shueks.
The Big Five" of Hiwaii-
the major land holders who
have exploited the sugar and
pineapple industry spent
many thousands of dollars
trying to eliminate the hand
labor from harvesting before
they succeeded.
They experimental with ma
chimes Of the hay mower type
for MANY years to no avaSun-
III they recognized a fact
known by any youngster who
ever SWITCHED cane from some
old 2roueh's field: that sugar
cane cali be broken near the
ground easier than it can be
cut.
A sort of road grader or
bulldazer with the blade in
front was the answer, and they
break the cane off now with
out seriously disturbing the
stubble which stays in the
ground and sprouts another
crop.
The process saved millions
of man hours and reduced the
price You paid for sugar. when
YOU could get sugar, remem-
Der?
When the cane has been
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1946-11-29
Masks Increase
Life of Apples
In Storage

Ithice. N. Y. AP.-The
storage life of apples can be in
creased 20 percent by using
charcoal gas masks in stor-
age rooms. two Cornell Univer-
sitv scientists found.
Ripc apples give off ethy-
lene gse, they discovered, and
this Gas will make other apples
in the room ripen much faster.
Using the gas mask principle,
Mrs. c L. F. Gu:erman and r.
NJ Smaek circulated the stor-
age room air through contain
ers If charcoal. The charcoal
captured the ethylene gas and
cleaned he air. Tests have been
made in actual commercial stor-
age, hey said, and in a normal
year at normal prices the meth
cd might add $500, 600 to grow
ers' profits.
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1946-11-29

We saw a few crushed stalks
OF sugar cane as we Grove
along ? road out in the coun-
ty last weekend, and sudden
ly knew that we had missed
syrup making time again, al
lowing the increased tempo of
the times and the urgency of
business to deprive US of some
thing important.
II ms been a half-dozen
years aunee we saw cane ground
in the old way and more than
a decade since we fed a frost
covered stalk and shivered in
the chilly pre-dawn darkness,
ducking each time the pole
passed overhead.
No man-made refrigerator
could make a pile of cane as
cold as even the lightest frost,
and no furnace could compare
with the warmth of the evap-
orator with its pine knot fire
when we stopped to give the
eircling morse q chance to catch
his breath.
While in Hiwaii during the
war, We saw cane fields ga
lore that produced the year
round in quantities to make the
ewes OF a Mississippi boy bug
out. Yot NAV doubt il. as we
would If we hadn't seen il, but
eighteen and twenty foot
stalks Of cane are the rule on
the plantations there.
The cane is harvested every
Is months or so when il has
filled the six-foot rows almost
completely. Small wonder that
the tropics have the cane sug-
ar market virtually to them
selves.
Everything is mechanical
or nearly so-down there. The
plantations are worked for the
large holding companies by
Filipino immigrants who have
a status similar &c cur own cot
ton plantation workers although
there arc no ''shore troopers"
The method Of harvesting
the cane S a far cry from the
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1946-11-29
One OF Congress First Battles
Will Be Over Reorganization Law

from $4,000 TO $12,500 year
~ (along with $500 expense
fund.- end making them eligi-
BILE for pensions, T not sub
ject t. change so easily be-
cause they are part of the ba-
sic law.
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1946-11-29
Dispute Outlined

Opponents of the committee
consolidation plan complain it
gives too much power to too
few committees. Supporters ar
que that only through thor
oughgoing consolidation can
Congress coordinate its work
effectively.
Rep. Carl Vinson (D-Ga),
who has been chairman of the
House Naval Committee, has
contended that by keeping
military and naval committees
separate each has a board of
experts in one field to deal
with pertinent legislation. He
says that combining the two,
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1946-11-29

Behind. the. Scenes Battle
Twixt Bfaden. Messersmith
Special to Central Press
Westinghouse the five men
who VIII manage the nations
monopoly on atomic energy be-
gin to take hold of their all
important jobs, it appears prob
able that at least for the pres
emf there win be no political
opposition to their appoint
ments
Selection OF David Lilienthal
as chair man seemed to have
b G { n generally acceptable.
While extreme eftWingers re-
gard pIm as an International
ist, Liiienthal has taken a hard
headed view of the interha-
tional aspects of nuclear en-
eTgy ds a weapon.
In speeches he has said flat
ly that agreements to out
law" atomic warfare are
worthless. Likewise, he sees
iron curtains in the world as
preventing inspections of the
various nations peaceful APP
plicat.ons of atomic energy
from safeguarding against Sc
cret conversions to war puf-
poses.
The atomic chief declared
that only an international
body, with a full, alright
monopoly on atomic energy,
sources of material, and process
sing facilities, can save the
world from future atomic war.
On domestic policies, Lilien-
thai is expected, even by those
who have not approved the
principles involved in the
Tennessee Valley Authority, to
do a good administrative job.
AS chief of the IVA. Lilien-
thai has been on a tight rope,
with the enmity of smart, able
Senator Kenneth Mcclellan
CD of Tennessee, as an ever
present threat to trip him up
If he took an awkward step.
II anyone a manage the
nations atomic monopoly
without getting in trouble with
private industry and Congress,
sure-fGoted Dave Lilienthal
would seem most likely to sue
coed.
State Department observers
are watching a behind-the-
scenes conflict between Assist
ant Secretary Of State Spru-
lille Braden, former tough"
United States ambassador to
Argentina, and the present am
bassadof, George Messersmith.
Messersmith favors a mini
mum of compliance from the
Peron regime in its commit
ments to string along with
other American republics; Bra
den wants almost complete
compliance.
An early determination of
the struggle is expected and
newsmen are waiting for il to
break.
Fiofeilo H. La Guardia, di-
rector OF UNRRA, is the cur
rent subject of fun-pokihg
among agriculture department
employees in view of "Butch's"
recent statement TO 4 news
conference that UNRRA is
shipping mules to Yugoslavia
for breeding purposes.
Bette biologists than Butch
immediately pointed up with
delight the irrefutable fact
that mules are hybirds and can
not breed.
A Detroit newspaper editor
ial ON the subject was circu-
lated among employees to add
to the merriment, particularly
this "beily laugh" paragraph.
1T Just goes to show that an
UNRRA director can't make a
jackass out of a couple of
mules, but a couple of mules
sure can make a iaekass out
of an UNRRA director"
La Guardia himself once
said, Whenever | pull a boner,
it's always a beaut."
u. S. M. P.'s Take No Chances
Despite his "three-star" au-
tomobile, Senator Elmer Thorn
my - nb1ak.,.a 80 En
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1946-11-29
Capital


Lilieuihal Popular Choice
As Atom Control Chairman
Behind. the Scenes Battle
Twixt Bfaden. Messersmith
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1946-11-29
Pressure Strong

Furthermore, there will be
pressure on the Republican
major. ty to carry out the pro-
visions of the reorganization
law. Il they don't do that, they
viii be open to criticism for
taking the pay increase and
pension advantages of the law
without accepting its main OBJ
jectiva-making Congress more
Efficient
Nevertheless, all provisions
of the new law are not IRON
clad. Fer years members of
Congress have scrambled to
get on as many important COM
mittees as possible because of
the power it gave them. The
fight over reorganization may
be hotter this January than it
was last July.
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1946-11-29

sentative Monroney D-Okla)
and Representative Dirksen
Or III, who sponsored and led
the fight for reorganization,
will be on hand to press for
its retention. Newcomers to
Congress generally are consid-
cred as likely TO line up with
the advocates OF a streamlined
legislature.
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1946-11-29
Special to Central Press

U. S. M. P.'s Take No Chances
Despite his "three-star' au-
tomobile, Senator Elmer Thorn
as Ql Of Oklahoma says he
was stopped for an inspection
of his credentials at almost
every turn of the road when
he drove 200 miles in Germany
from Frankfurt to Nuremberg
TO attend the closing session
of the top Nazis' trials.
Just back from a European
tour, Thomas told a reporter
that members of my party
had special cards of identifi-
cation but American military
authorities took no chances on
permitting unauthorized per
sons t. reach the trial.
Thomas viewed the high
Nazis before thew were execut-
ed and said he saw "Goering's
cell. He said he was partieu-
larly oppressed by the trim APP
pesrsnee of American military
guards at the trial.
Jackson advocate., 1946-08-24
Army Stops
Drafting Of
coIored Youth

Washington, d. G. Aug. -
(NNPA) - No colored youths will
be conscripted for military duty
until the number of colored sol
diers is reduced to the same pro-
portion i nthe Army that colored
civilians represent in the ,gener-
al population, Major General Will
lard S. Paul, director of the per-
sonnel division (G-1) of the Gen
eral Staff, disclosed at a press
conference last Tuesday.
The draft, suspended during the
summer, will be resumed Sep
tember /. The Selective Service
Act is due to expire March 81.
In the period between September
l and March 81 next, the Army
anticipates it will need to secure
through selective service $4,000
Jackson advocate., 1946-08-24
Government Will
Not Prosecute
Georgia Lynchers

Monroe, Ca, Aug. = (NNPA)
The State of Georgia, and not
he Federal Government, will
prosecute members of the mob
which lynched four persons -
wo men and their wives = near
lere July 25, when and if they
ire apprehended
Under state law they may be
sried for murder, while under
federal law they may be tried
only for violation of the civil
rights of the dead persons, if it
is proved that there was a con-
spiracy or that any peace officer
was in any way involved in the
lynchings. Under the state law, a
life sentence may be inflicted,
while under the federal civil
rights statute the maximum pun
ishment which may be meted out
is ten years in prison or fine of
1000 or both.
District Solicitor B. Marshall
PeAeck said last Friday that MUIR
der charges will be placed before
a Walton County grand jury in
the event arrests are made. He
added that agents of the Federal
Bureau of Investigation, who are
most active in the investigation
would be witnesses.
There was no indicative how
ever, that the case is near solu-
ton. The FBI which has enlarg-
ed it's forces here to fifteen or
twenty agents, is more secretfve
than even about its progress.
The FBI's entry into the case
had prompted reports that feder-
al charges might be placed against
any suspects arrested.
Governor Ellis Arnall has not
asked Attorney General Eugene
Cook to take hand in the inquiry
but has confined his activity to
posting a $500 reward for the
capture and conviction of each
member of the mob.
The Georgia Bureau of Investi-
CATION is directing the inquiry for
the state but, like the FBI, it is
tight-lipped about how much ef-
fort it is putting forth or what
progress it is making.
The FBI repeatedly is trying to
learn the identity of the tipster
who informed mob leaders that
one Of the murdered men, Roger
Malconb, was being released from
Jail, where he had been held on
charge of stabbing the son of his
white employer.
Jackson advocate., 1946-08-24
Jewish Woman
Closes Store After
Cross Burning

Chattanooga, Tenn. - Aug. -
(NNPA) = Sheriff Grady Head
said last Tuesday that several
months ago he had investigated a
report that the burning of a cross
in suburban Red Bank caused the
closing of a store operated by a
Jewish woman.
She was not subjected to any
abuse, he declared, but added that
"unquestionably she closed the
store because of the incident a
few days after it happened" A
friend of the woman, who asked
that he not be quoted directly, said
that since the incident she had
opened small restaurant in
Chattanooga.
The woman was not located for
comment.
The sheriff said that when he
investigated, II never was able
to make heads or tails of the af-
fair since all the men wore Ku
Klux Klan hoods"
Jackson advocate., 1946-08-24
leader Of Crafts Gives VI
Citizens Protest
Brutality At
Haze|hurst, Miss.

Hazelhurst, Miss. (SpeciaD -
A group of Negro citizens met
with group of the leading White
citizens here last Monday to pro-
test against the growing brutality
towards Negro people being prac-
ticed here. The meeting grew
directly out of the beating of Rev.
E. D. Scott, AME Minister here,
a week before the meeting, the
incident cousing widespread in
dignation among White people as
well as increasing apprehension
among Negro citizens.
The meeting was called at the
instigation of a number of lead
ing Negro citizens, who in point
ing out the Scott incident, said
that it was only one of such Incl
dents offuring here with growing
frequency. The Negro citizens
stated that unless they could be
assured of greater protection anc
safety from brutality they saw
nc4hing TO do but leave the Sec
tion and advise other Negro citi.
zens to do the same. Chief re-
sponsibility for the brutality to-
wards Negro citizens was placed
at the door of the local Constable
The leading White citizens who
attended the meeting were Mes
sers Frank Smith, Oil Mill Man.
ager; Durr Wise, Wise Motor Com
pany; Paul Kemp, lawyer; Sam
uel Caldwell, banker, and Francis
ci Tomicich, business man.
The leading Negro citizens who
attended the meeting were Mes
sers Park Washington, Charles
Dobbs, David Hall, Ed Parrish.
Rev. E. D. Scott, and Jim Swilley,
Jackson advocate., 1946-08-24
FIRST NEGRO STUDENT
GETS STATE
MEDICAL SCHOLARSHIP

Biloxi, Miss. = Marshall F
Nichols, Jr., of 718 Main, Street
here, the son of Mrs. Fannie L.
Nichols, Principal of the Biloxi
Public School, and one time Presi-
dent of the Mississippi Associa-
ton of Teachers in Colored Schools,
has become the first Negro Stu
dent to receive a state Medical
Scholarship it was learned here
last week.
Nichols, who is 19 years old,
attended public school here and is
student of Tougaloo College,
Tougaloo, Mississippi, where he is
a leader in college activities.
Young Nichols finished his first
year of Medicine at Meharry Col
lege in Nashville, Tennessee as
an inductee, after completing his
pre-medical course in August of
1945. He will receive his Bache-
lor of Arts degree from Tougaloo
in 1947.
The scholarship to young Nj
chols was awarded out of a $780,
900 fund created by the State Leg
islature at its 1916 session in or
der to increase the number of
practicing physicians in the state.
AT the time of the passage of the
act there were a little over 1000
White doctors in active practice
IN the state and between so and
90 Negro doctors.
The Bill, called House Bill 431,
established the State Medical Ed
ucational Board, and provided for
loans and scholarships to students
desiring to study Medicine. The
five-member board, as provided
by the act is composed of the Dean
of the Medical School at the Uni
versity Of Mississippi, The Exc
cutive Officer of the State Board
of Health, TIE President of the
State Medical Association, and
two members appointed by the
Governor.
Jackson advocate., 1946-08-24
Negro Produces
First Jones Bale

Laruel, Miss. Aug. IS With
the first bale of cotton for the Sec
ond year in a row, Willis Peyton
Negro farmer, has made another
record for Jones county and this
year probably for the state OF
Mississippi. Willis again had the
first bale of cottonginned for the
year in this section.
The 1916 bale, which was ginned
from 1160 pounds of seed cotton
,eighs 453 pounds. 1t was ginned
wo days earlier than his bale last
car. Both were ginned by w. F.
Wade at Soco.
Last year Peyton got six bales
form five acres.
Jackson advocate., 1946-08-24

The Board is authorized to grant
loans not exceeding $5,000.0O over
a four year period, and not to ex-
ceed $3.50 in any one year.
Mississippi students, who have
completed pre-medical college
work and or acceptable for enroll
ment at a class a medical school
are eligible for loans under the
act. Interested students should
write to the State Medical Educa-
ton Board, Room 81. North Street
Building, Jackson.
Young Nichols is the only Negro
student, to date, to receive the
scholarship which has been grant
ed to sixteen White students.