davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-01-28
Mr.. Kress' Third Gift

When Samuel H. KresS gave his
first contribution to the National
Gallery, it was described as ''the
greatest collection of italian art in
private hands in the world" That
was in July, 1889. The gift referred
to- was three hundred and seventy
five paintings and sixteen pieces of
sculpture. Displayed in association
with the works donated by Andrew
W. Mellon, these masterpieces were
exhibited to the public originally
when the gallery opened on March
II, 1941. The two groups of treas
ures complimented each other per-
fectly. Considered as single unit,
they represented the most notably
interesting and valuable assembly of
their kind outside continental Eu-
rope.
But that was only the beginning.
Within a year after the gallery was
lnaugurated in service, Joseph E.
Widener enriched it with pictures
and other precious fruits of human
genius appraised at fifty million dol
lars. Then in October, 1914, Mr..
KreSs added to his earlier benefac-
ton Seventy-one paintings and
twenty-Six pieces of sculpture of a
character to harmonic with all the
other material previously gathered
And now, as his third gift, he pre-
sents eighty-two paintings and seven
Sculptured works of the Italian
schools, eighteen paintings of French
production and three pieces of sculp-
ture Of English and German origin.
The time span of the latest contri-
button runs from the thirteenth to
the nineteenth century.
To understand what Mr.. Kress
generously has done for his country
in these particulars, it is necessarily
only to remember that any one of
his three gifts would have made any
gallery anywhere a place of pill
sgrimage for the armies of people who
love grace and beauty in art.
drought together in Mr.. MELONS
smagnifcent building in the Nations
sCapita, they are in effect miracle
sN conservation. Mr.. Kress has en-
Evening star., 1946-01-28
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

Grouse. "the rule of the majority '''
the rule of votes. Majority to hades
The rule of the ma ajority-the rule that
has brought more bloodshed and tur-
moil and cruelty on this earth than
any other thing know of. OF course,
it is necessary to have it as a yardstick
in order to do business, but let us not
fool ourselves that majorities are al
ways right"
Hmm. James Madison, the father
of the Constitution, said something
rather like that" said I. showing of.
HE said, Measures are too often de-
cided not according to the rules of
justice and the rights of the minor
party, but by the superior force of an,
interested and overbearing majority
He didn't think the ma jority was always
right"
II was not thinking of James Madison"
commented the Grouse Il was wonder
ing why PM didn't get wrought up
when their pet, Harold Laski, recently
said the same thing-or words to that
effect. 1t was in a British Broadcasting
Co. debate broadcast to America. Laski
was arguing with Sir Ernest Bevin, and
Bevln taunted Laski, You are oppressed
by finding yourself in minority And
Laski came back with, Tt doesn't op-
press me. All good has always come
from minorities.' James Russell Lowell
wrote: They ARE slaves who dare not
be in the right with two or three
Human progress has often come from
a stand made by two or three against
the majority"
so it's not what a man says, but
Who says it that counts remarked.
Yes, and very bad habit of opinion
by association, if you ask me- said the
Grouse.
BY and by he laid his paper aside.
That man Henry Kaiser tickles me
more than I can say" he remarked.
He signs contract with the union
that he'll pay whatever wage rate Ford
pays plus what they get from General
Motors. That lets GIN do the sweat
ing. Since he has never manufactured
cars, he has no OPA ceiling, and can
gear his price. He agrees to pay each
worker bonus of SIS car, in return
for no unauthorized strikes, contingent
on production. He puts a car on dis
play, without price, without guarantee
OF delivery, and friends of workers
flock in and place orders on account
OF he has such an enlightened labor pol
icy. He gets million dollars worth of free
advertising for nothing, and turns the
laborlteS into statesmen. What a bowl"
(Released by the Bell Syndicate Inc,
Evening star., 1946-01-28
Letters to The Star
Proposes Periodic Conferences
Between Capital and Labor
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
Generalizations are admittedly dam
gerous. believe, however, that it is
safe to say that there are two sides to
every question, and that neither side
often has the exact answer And so
with the labor question which is be-
deviling us today.
The public, meaning myself and 9TH
ers of like sort, is confused by the
charges and countercharges of man
agement and union representatives. I
listen to talks over the radio and read
what comes my way, and am obliged to
acknowledge that actually I am still
confused.
I have talked with union members
and find that some of them are not in
sympathy with their leaders. But also
find that some of them are far from
satisfied with what Government agen-
cies are doing to straighten out the
tangle. These men feel that they are
being pulled in both directions, and that
in the end, although ostensibly they win,
actually they lose. Their loss is in
wages, and it hurts. The prospect, for
example, of working year, even at in
creased wages, to make up the loss
forced by strike is not a pleasing one.
And yet" as one man puts it, 'if we
don't strike, we get nowhere" He went
on to cite the case of his union. 1t
came to an understanding with man.
agement, but it took nearly two years
to get the settlement approved by the
War Labor Board. Other unions in the
meantime struck and got almost imme-
diate settlement, relatively speaking.
This man had tried to think through
the problem of labor relations, and his
thinking seemed to me rather clear.
His idea is that something might be
accomplished toward avoiding labor
stoppages if unions and management
would get together periodically (say
once a year, and discuss the situation
as it had developed during the past
period. He believes that in most cases
they could work themselves onto COM
mon ground. But If differences arose
which the two sides could not compose.
then third group should be called in
to arbitrate the differences. This arbi-
tration group should not be political
body (that point he stressed, but
group of honest, well-intentioned men
(and women, if necessary, with the in
terests of both parties at heart, as well
as the interests of the public in the
cases of those industries the stopping
of which would directly and acutely af-
feet the public health, comfort and
safety.
What this is worth I don't know. It
may be utterly impractical, but it seems
to make sense. H. H. PEEL.
Colonel, U. S. A., Retired.
Evening star., 1946-01-28

II was listening to Miss Lisa Sergio
on the radio yesterday" said the Grouse,
unfolding his napkin, land furthermore,
1 don't like canned grapefruit juice
Oranges" said, "are expensive"
$50" said the grouse, sis Miss Sergio.
Very expensive to British-American re-
lations; the lady, who, I understand.
was a broadcaster for Mussolini, until
something or other showed her the
light, is still fighting the British, on
the American air. She referred to the
burning of the japanese village of
Bekasi, as Iidice.
so" I protested, did I. In a COL
umnn
'You," he said, should be ashamed
of yourself. You should apologize tu'
your readers. You hear something, and
If it is repeated often enough, YOU as
sumo it fsAtrue. A curse e~Uf war-rfiayte
the most lasting curse-is that it accus-
toms the mind to propaganda. But to
come back to Lidice and Bekasi-"
They were both burned I insisted
stubbornly.
so is this toast" he remarked
meanly. But there are degrees of JUS
tice and degrees of crime even in arson
Lidice was burned by the Germans in
repriSal for the assassination of one
Heydrich, Gestapo chief in Prague,
torturer and prosecutor of the people.
No warningswas given the inhabitants.
The males above certain age were
shot; the women and children were
dragged off to camp.
Nov, Bekasi, in Java, was a nest of
rebels armed by and collaborating with
japanese, who had committed a most
horrible atrocity. They caught 20 Brit
ish Ghurka soldiers and four RAF
erewmen and had them dismembered
alive by the village butcher The vii
lage was warned to evacuate its dnhab-
itants, and it was then burned No in
nocent human life was lost. There is,
therefore, difference in circumstance
and behavior, and neither you nor Miss
Sergio should call it Lidice."
The Grouse picked up PM while I
opened the New York Times. "I see,"
he said, that the most outrageous
statement ever made in Congress has
been uttered by Senator Tydings"
Impossible" I stated fatty.
How do you know?" he asked, "Do
you know what Tydings said?'
mot yet" responded, 'but 1 read the
Congressional Record. It is impossible
that Tydings should have made the
most outrageous statement. Think of
the man Bilbo Think Of"
Senator Tydings said" read the
Evening star., 1946-01-28
Common Man Discussed

To the Editor of The Star:
Lady Astor is quoted as having said
that she was sick of hearing about the
common man.
All men stem from the same source.
An ancient philosopher. digging in a
pile of human bones, said to his En-
peror: II am trying to find the bones of
your illustrious ancestors but am unable
to distinguish between them and the
bones of your slaves"
There is no virtue in being common
although starry-eyed people insist upon
hanging halos over the heads of the
ignorant and illiterate.
In reality there are not two classes
Of human beings but only one. If some
appear common" it Is because they
haven't enjoyed the advantages of the
uncommon.
And when all is said there is no class
war in America for the very good rea-
son that the common working man
really wants to be a capitalist and the
capitalist no longer wants to be a COM
mon worker.
EDMUND K. GOLDsBoRoUGH.
Evening star., 1946-01-28
Refreshing Contrast

Joint ChrySler-union statement
accompanying announcement of
agreement on wages says that the
negotiations were conducted in a
friendly and constructive spirit,
both sides recognizing that their
mutual interest is best served "in
peaceful settlement of differences
through collective bargaining and
also in high productivity. So &" In the
same spirit we agree that there
should be no villif1cation of the
other by either the union or the
management" Much of the same
atmosphere seems to have marked
the successful negotiations between
the Ford company and the union.
The tone of the statement is in
refreshing contrast to the rowdy
exchanges which have added SO
much fuel to the flames in some of
the other labor-management dead
locks. The tactic of publicly damn
ing the other side has been-too fire.
quently used. The public is tired of
it and the purple statements of
union leaders and the page adver-
tiSements of management are both
taken with a grain of salt. But the
wounds inflicted in such exchanges
last beyond the settlement of con-
tract differences and make that
settlement more difficult.
There are times when even so re-
spected a labor leader as Philip
Murray lets the ranting of his pub
Icity man place him in a position
of dangerous irresponsibility, as wit
ness his condemnation last week of
the so-called arry-back provisions
of the excess profits tax. Mr.. Muir
ray said, in his open letter to Secre-
tary VinSon, that such provisions
were secretly slipped through Con-
gress" by giant industrial corpora
tions" to "mulct" the Treasury for
the benefit of a privileged few bent
on sinister conspiracy to plunge
the country into economic Chaos
: There. was nothing conspiratorial
about the enactment of the excess
profits tax, method of confscat-
ing, in effect, wartime profits above
an arbitrarily fixed level. The
earry-back provisions, recommend
ed by the Treasury, were designed
to prevent injustice to corporations
heavily expanding for war produc-
ton, whose losses in reconversion
might exceed net profits during the
war period. But Mr.. Murray's state
ment places in the minds of his
followers the impression that their
Government is conspiring with in
dustry to 'mulct" the Treasury for
the benefit of a few and to ruin the
country. He contributes to under
mining confidence not merely in
his antagonist, the steel industry
management, but in the good faith
of the United States Government.
And in doing SO he renders himself
and his. followers disservice which
far outweighs the benefits that
eventually may be achieved in final
settlement of a strike.
Evening star., 1946-01-28
John Public at the Bat

To the Editor of The Star:
Back in Thespiana's heyday when
great Hopper trod the stage, old De
Wolf would make Mayday out of
every passing page; but no matter what
the drama, though his role was packed
with fat. every kid and dad and mamma
yelled for Casey at the Bat!
Tween the acts, as curtains parted,
while applause nigh ripped the rafter,
Casey's epic venture started and the
house careened with laughter. To this
day, though years have vanished, we re-
call each line and verse-but the zest
somehow is banished; Casey's gone
from bad to worse.
John @. Public now is Casey standing
meekly at the plate as the game gets
wild and racy and he ponders DER his
fate; strikes are thrown from all direc-
tions while extremists madly shout and,
unless we clear connections, John-like
Casey-will strike out!
RAY II. EVERETT.
Evening star., 1946-01-28
Who Are the Liberals?
% the Editor of The Star

To the Editor of The Star:
Several columnists are complaining
about the antics of some unnamed per-
Apparently, in their estimation, lib
eral is one whose thinking is unsound.
The name liberal is rather vaguely
used in America. Formerly it meant
a defender of liberty, as distinguished
from an advocate of absolute monarchy.
There was Liberal party in England,
composed of gentlemen who wished to
put some democracy into government,
reforming it from the top down.
In America such an idea could not mean
much, because every party claims to be
in favor Of liberty and democracy. Dur
ing prohibition liberal was just another
name for a wet.
The main thing which distinguishes
the various brands of reformers is how
fast and how far they wish to proceed
toward socialism, which may be defined
as the use of productive property for
the common benefit of all. There are
those who believe that private war be-
tween property owners and organized
groups of nonownerS Is a good thing in
itself.
Others believe that the real steps In
social advancement are those which de-
prive the owners Of productive prop
erty of power to take advantage of
those who have to work for them or
Starve.
Those who wish to help the poor to be
less poor deserve to be called liberals.
Some of them make mistakes, but it is
not their mistakes which cause them to
be hated by the conservatives. 1t is the
fear that they will make owning for a
living less profitable. A. CRAIG.
Evening star., 1946-01-28
The $64 Question

From the Belleville, H., Advocate.
There arises more persistently than
ever the tragic question whether our
civilization will rise to heights OF SUI
Evening star., 1946-01-28
The Final Test

From the Winnipeg Tribune.
Artful dressing and smooth paint
Job will take 20 years off her true age.
But you can't fool long flight Of stairs.
The midland journal., 1946-10-04
MEAT:
Crisis Widens

No less than $4,000 butcher shops
throughout the nation were said to
have closed and almost 100000
clerks and packing house employees
were reported idle as the crisis in
meat continued.
Receipts of cattle and hogs re-
mained far below the high levels
established during the suspension of
OPA and ran considerably below
last years runs. AS packers await
ed the large seasonal fall shipments,
they were compelled to bid ceiling
prices for lean, grass-fed cattle and
inferior grades of hogs. Some of
the stock received was said to be
suitable for by-product purposes
only.
. Meanwhile, OPA promised to act
upon restaurant operators protests
against imposition of June 80 cell
ings on meat dishes. With the res
taurateurs claiming that the restora-
ton of old prices in the face of in
creasing costs would force them to
close, OPA said it would modify cell
ings to assure adequate earnings if
evidence of hardship were offered.
Whereas restaurants spent 40 cents
of each dollar of revenue for food,
they now expend SIS cents, it was
said.
The midland journal., 1946-10-04
NEWS REVIEW
FOREIGN AFFAIRS:
Trade Pact

Pres. Juan Peron and his entire
cabinet looked on as British Ambas-
sador Reginald Leeper and Argen-
tine Foreign Minister Juan Bram-
uglia signed trade accords cement
ing commercial relations between
the two countries. Pleased by the
event, Peron announced that he had
ordered three shiploads of. meat to
be sent to Britain before Christ
mas with the compliments of his
government.
Peron might well have been
tickled with the agreement, which
calls for Britain's purchase of 83
per cent of Argentina's exportable
meat surplus in the first year at
prices Is per cent over prevailing
levels. During the second year, Brit
ain will take 78 per cent of Argen-
tine supplies. The latest price boost
brings the total increase up to As
per cent over the 1889 level when
Britain first went in for large
scale buying.
In another accord, the British
relinquished their control of Argen-
tine railways in exchange for shares
in new company including Argen-
tine government and private capi-
tai. Under a third agreement,
Argentina will be permitted to util-
ize blocked wartime trade balances
The midland journal., 1946-10-04
Tough Shedding for ms

to his congressman, "and it's some
ones fault. Regardless of where and
how you place the blame, you rep
resent us in our government which
has allowed this national disgrace to
come about and are, therefore, to
greater or less degree, person
ally responsible for it,
Mrs. Elizabeth Gray Vining has
been invited to serve as tutor to the
crown prince of Japan. He must
have seen "Anna and the King of
Siam" in the movies.
. As
America must approach every
foreign situation with absolutely
clean hands-and it's worth risking
the price of international soap to
get them clean.
The midland journal., 1946-10-04

There seems to be agreement be
tween some of the political leaders
Of both parties that the voters are
going to indulge in a good deal of
indiscriminate hurting of brickbats
next month and It's entirely likely
that many an innocent, Outstanding
congressman is going to suffer for
the sins of his colleagues. Clarence
Brown, No. man in the Republican
national committee, admitted to me
that he was counting heavily on the
'sthrow the rascals out" vote. In
other words people are going to take
out their various personal grouches
on the incumbent, regardless of rec
ord or party afiliation. This view
was reflected on the Democratic
side by that experienced politician,
Senator Russell of Georgia. He said
to some of us the other day:
s'It's always like this after a
war. A great many people have
complaints of one kind or another.
It's a natural thing for many of
them to decide to vote against the
people who have been in office"
That line of reasoning, when pur-
sued by good Democrat, might be
wishful thinking if he were casting
his eyes at the gubernatorial con-
test in New York state. Many peo-
pie take for granted that Governor
Dewey, if he wins, will try to use
re election as a stepping stone
toward the presidential nomination.
In any case, the way the issues are
being played now, if Dewey is re-
elected, it will strengthen the argu-
ments the Republicans are empha-
sizing that the next presidential
campaign viii be "safety and solid
ity" versus "wild-eyed radicalism.
Evidence to support the viewIthat
the "ins," whether they are Demo-
Gratis or Republicans, are going to
get the brickbats from disgruntled
voters was contained in a letter re-
Gently received by two Democrat
ssins.D
s'There Just aren't any diapers,
an expectant, incensed father wrote
The midland journal., 1946-10-04
BILLIONS Nv BACKLOG
Huge Works Program Mapped

WASHINGTON. - Plans for a
$4, 107 10000 public works program
are being mapped by states, cities
and counties, with projects to be
financed by their own funds, accord
ing to the Federal Works agency.
Federal Aid highways, rivers and
harbors, flood control projects, fed
eral postofices and other buildings,
and Veterans Administration hos
pitals add other billions to the work
backlog. These projects will be f.
nanced wholly or partially by the ma
tional government.
The Federal Works agency has
requests from states, cities and
counties for advances to plan 1850
projects totaling $2,757, 1856 ,599, and
as Of June 80 these local govern
mental units had completed their
own plans for $500 projects to cost
81, $50, 100000, according to FWA
records.
The midland journal., 1946-10-04

Of the requests, the agency re-
ported it has approved 4,63O and ad-
vanced 32,258,354 for planning.
These alone involve 81 1896, ,997 ,051.
Under congressional act, FWA
has $65, 900, 900 to assist states, cities
and counties in planning non-federal
public works.
The bulk of advances approved
was for planning water mains,
paved street and sewer extensions
and Improvements and for new
school buildings and additions.
Applications have been approved
for planning 2,083 sewer, water and
sanitation projects to cost $546, 1885,
941 and for 1877 school expansions
or new buildings to cost 1913, AIS, 189.
Variety Of Projects.
Other items approved for ad-
vances include 300 highway, road
The midland journal., 1946-10-04

and street projects to cost SAG, $780,
998; Al bridges, viaduct and railway
overpasses, $28, ,426. .458; 35 airports,
SIG, 1895, ,981; 1853 hospitals and clinics,
$73, ,470, ,874; 1892 public buildings,
such as courthouses and city halls,
Silt, ,187, ,172; 178 parks and other
recreational facilities, $29,943, 1873;
72 miscellaneous projects, SIG, ,48l,-
300.
Field said the program was not
designed primarily to cushion un-
employment, but to provide need
ed public works as soon as possible.
In the event it is turned into an
emergency employment creator,
Field said sit can give work inn
mediately,' pointing out that it took
18 months to get 100000 working on
public construction in l933-'34 "be-
cause there had been no advance
planning"
The midland journal., 1946-10-04
.YUCOSLAVIA:
Jail Archbishop

Acting upon the testimony of the
voluble secretary to Archbishop
Alojzijc Stepinac, head of the Ro-
man Catholic church in Yugoslavia,
Marshal Tito's communist govern
ment arrested the high prelate and
prepared to try him for "crimes
against the people,"
With IL priests already on trial
on the same charge, inclusion of
the Archbishop would further tend to
discredit religion in the Russian
dominated nation, following the pat
tern of communist hostility to all
creeds. While the powerful Croatian
peasant leader, Vladimir Mack,
was implicated in the Archbishop S
alleged Vaccinations, the govern
ment hesitated to move firmly
against him for fear of political re-
percussions.
Talking freely against the Arch
bishop, his former secretary alleged
that the prelate's castle in Zagreb
was the center of an anti-Tito move
ment to set up an independent Cro-
attain state. Charging that the
Archbishop worked closely with one
of Draja Mihailovitch's ex-aids in
promoting anti-government bands,
the secretary declared that the high
churchman planned to finance a
terrorist campaign for separation.
The midland journal., 1946-10-04

Russia grow rap
idly no better,
many reports are
C o m in 6 in to
show that Com
imunism, which
reached the peak
of its prestige
with the end Of
the war, is losing
some of its popu-
larity in Europe.
The lack Of proof
provided in the
eating of the So
Wet pudding has
had its effects,
and MANY a wall