davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1946-11-07
UE VICTOR AT
CRA VICTOR

Camden, N. ]. (FP)-A strike
by 1000 RCA Victor workers was
narrowly averted here when a
union mass meeting voted to ac-
cept company offer of a 5la
cent hourly increase.
Settlement came 10 hours before
the Oct. 7 deadline for a walkout
set by Local 103, United Electrical
Radio & Machine Workers. 1t was
preceded by three days of negotia-
tions between the local and RCA
management.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1946-11-07
Many Thrilled By
Ware-M aking At
Union Label Show

If you had been in ST. Louis last week you would have
witnessed the greatest event of its kind in the history
American labor movement 1t the A. F. L. Union Label
and Industrial Exhibition of 1916.
In spite of three rainy days. the attendance topped the
100000 mark. Three times during the night
exhibition the doors had be barcaded and special police
squads called to handle overflow crowds
Union Labors gigantic show given nationwide pub
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1946-11-07
OFFICES TO BE PICKETED

New York (FP)-A series of
picketlines manned by AFL and
CIO workers will be thrown
around the principal offices of the
British government here in protest
against British terror in Palestine
and British responsibility for the
suffering of Jewish displaced per-
sons in European camps, the
American Jewish Labor Council
announced here.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1946-11-07
Double Back Pay
Decision By Court
Proves Precedent

New York City QLNS)-For the first time in a civil
contempt proceeding brought for violation of injunction
under the Fair Labor Standards Act United States Dis
trct Judge has ordered defendant company in addition
payment OF fine not only to make simple restitution of back
wages on It's employees but to pay additional equal amount
as lquldated damages announced by L. Metcae Wall
ng administrator of the Wage and Hour and Public Con-
tracts Divisions, u. S. Department of Labor.
The order of the Judge, William Smith, was made in
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1946-11-07
BAIL FOR STRIKERS

New York City (ILNS) = Six
strikers from the Civilian Public
Service Camp in Big Flats, N. Y,
are out in $1,000 bail each follow
ing an appeal by the Workers De-
fense League. U. S. District Judge
John Knight, who sentenced the
strikers to 18 months had refused
bail.
The Omaha guide., 1946-05-11
LABOR:
On Defensive

Heretofore on the offensive with it's
demands for higher wages to main
tain high wartime pay, the CLIO was
suddenly thrown back on the de-
fensive with the Ford Motor COM
pany's proposal that the United
Automobile workers pay a S. a day
fine for workers involved in I'M
authorized strikes.
Ford asked for this protection
against production losses as officials
continued negotiations with the
JAW, whose leaders have main
tanned that the industry can afford
30 per cent pay boosts without rails
ing prices because of large re-
r and promises of substantial
profits from huge postwar output.
While UAW Immediately chal-
lenged the effectiveness of a fine in
curbing wildcat walkouts, Ford Off
Gals insisted that the union could
exert sufficient pressure on its To-
Gals to prevent unauthorized strikes,
s~lowdowns and controlled produc-
ton.
Meanwhile, General Motors, re-
versing a previous stand, agreed to
consult with government officials
concerning resumption Of negotia-
tons with the JAW after the union
gave ground in its demands for a 80
per cen wage increase. With the
company holding out for a modifica-
ton of terms, the JAW declared
that it would seek no wage increase
The Omaha guide., 1946-05-11
Loses Half of House

When the torOn OF Silver Lake,
Mimi, decided to Uiden Center
street, the ~UiLlage council attempt
ed to induce Mrs. Clara Caspryzk,
a, to move her fUe-room resi-
dence, extending 10 feet into the
area required for the expansion.
Not only did Mrs. Caspryzk re
fuse a proposition for the torUn to
moUe the building back and pay
her $500, Mayor Frank Bandes said,
but she also ignored a court order
to relocate the structure, leading to
the judges permission for the ril-
lage to enoU that part Of the
property blocking the improvement.
After a cre11 Of carpenters rirfli-
ally saroed the building in hall,
Mrs. Caspyrzk wns left ,0ith only
one bedroom irtGct, the tiuing
room haring been completely shorn
and the kitchen, dining room and
an upstairs bedroom bisected. Be
cause she had no other place TO
lire, Mrs Caspryzk. toho is Grip
pied BY arthririS, returned to make
her home in the one remaining
bedroom after a brief stay ,Cith her
brother-fnIdtc.
The Omaha guide., 1946-05-11
Rex Stewart, Former Duke
Star, Has Trouble Collecting
Pay Check from New Cafe

NEW YORK CITY-(Calvin's news
service 1.-THE Casa Bella Cafe in the
Bronx was this week A scene Of des-
pair as the Musicians Union moved
out the new Rex Stewart band. Ii all
happened thus:
Rex Stewart, who was a Duke FL
.lington trumpeter for ii years, took
his band into the new Casa Bella Cafe
which was her still not ready for OPP
ening. However, after playing for a
week of their four week engagement,
Ted and Alice Hardy, the owners, gave
Stewart a check for the musicians.
1922 of the money bounced back. Mrs
Hardy then promised to pay them on
Thursday Friday, and Saturday. She
didn't keep her promise. Then the In
ion stepped in and forced her to give
them another check which che post
dated until the following Monday.
Stewart owns one of the few coop
erative bands left in America. Pat
termed after the famous Glenn GRAY
The Omaha guide., 1946-05-11
IND~USTRIALLABOR
RELATIONS
BY George E. DeMar for CHS

W OeOfS q IL. DeHU u LIVE
There is considerable planning now for the young people
who will finish school and become part of the labor mark.
ct Most thinking is generally related to the employer
the wages, the hours, the leave, the vacation and general
working conditions. 1t seems to me that we had better do
a little more thinking about the employees responsibility,
particularly on jobs where they are appearing for the first
time.
Recently a Negro employee of one of the public utilities
talked with me about how the Negro employees we're acting.
Said she. the first girls who entered the employ of the COM
pany mixed easily and well with the white employees, but
the more recent ones are not staying on the job. They quit
after about six months. They do not show up for work on
dining room even to the extent of taking chairs from other
tables. They argue in the cafeteria line and do moi seem to
realize that they, through their actions, are effecting the at
titude of management toward all Negroes. One girl. who
knows that the company allows ten days for marriage. has
been off the job now for two weeks. She has not phoned
the supervisor as to when she will return, nor has she sent
a ~thank-you note for the wedding gift TO which all the girls
contributed All of this in a firm that changed its policy
two years ago. To me this activity points up the need for
Negroes in industrial relations personnel.
However, it seems only logical that after individuals and
organizations pave the way for better job opportunities, the
workers should learn good race relations and Job habits
Many of us can lay plans for the newcomers to the labor
market and interest employers in their skils, but skill do
up to the individual to assume job responsibility and behave
cr. Young workers are welcomed to the labor market. /
hope they use mother-wit, their home and church training
10 make secure their status in the world of work.
The Omaha guide., 1946-05-11
THE COMMON DEFENSE
FOR DEMOCRACY
(by DR.. John ]. MahOney, Director Harvard.
University Extension COurses)

~ Ds COTS >
University Extension COurses)
The unfinished work before us, the living, is that of per-
petuating and improving the workings of that democracy
two world wars.
AT long last the general public is becoming aware that our
schools and colleges must address themselves to the task Of
EDUCATING FOR DEMOCRACY much more purposefuIly
and realistically than has been the case hitherto. With a
public awake to the need, we shall soon come to grips with
this business Of educating for democracy, for citizenship,
for civic competency. But we have a long way 10 go.
The kind-or field-Of education that aims to develop
those understandings, attitudes and behaviors that make for
better living together i'm the democratic way is our infant
educational industry. To organize and put into operation
a program Of teachings and activities specifically designed
to attain that end is the educators unfinished work IMPOR
TANT WORK. For-Iet it be said pointedly-despite all
the education in our schools and colleges, how to live to-
gether well and in the democratic way is the one lesson that
the American people have least learned.
We must attempt to make clear what education for de-
mocracy, or civic education, includes and involves. 1t out.
lines a program of school work that aims very definitely at
the elimination of those shortages that mark and mar our
ship-political, social and economic. Reduced to specific
terms, that means a program of teachings and activities
that aim to produce al adequate understanding of and a
whole-hearted allegiance to the democratic way of life; a
keen interest in things political; the application of more in
telligence i'm the conduct of political affairs; better political
leadershiP; a ctizenry that is more law abiding; intergroup
understanding, respect and goodwill; the ability and the dis
position to manage our economic order for the benefit of
all; and last and all important, a translation of the teach.
ings of religion into civic behavior.
The Omaha guide., 1946-05-11
u. S. DIPLOMACY:
DupLicity Charged

Long under fire for it's implement
tation of American foreign policy in
the wake of U. S. victories on the
battlefield, the state department
was scheduled for congressional in
vestigation following ex-Amb. Pat
rick Hurley's charge that ONE Of
its personnel had worked counter to
his efforts to promote the uni
6cation of China.
In loosing his bombshell on Capt.
toll Hill, Hurley declared that GER
tain professional diplomats we're in
viting future conflict by siding with
the Chinese communist party and
the imperialfstic bloc of nations in
keeping China divided against
itself and unable to resist encroach-
ment.
While he worked for a democratic
China which could act as stabilizing
influence IN the Orient, Hurley
charged, some state department Of
ficials told the Chinese communists
that his activities did not reflect the
policy of the u. S. and they should
not enter into a unified government
unless retaining military control.
Agreement to investigate the
state department followed the de-
mand of Senator Wherry (Rep.,
Neb.) for an inquiry to determine
whether there was any variance be-
tween u. S. foreign policy and the
Potsdam declaration and whether
the foreign service was interfering
with domestic affairs in South
America, influencing other coun
tries toward communist govern
ment, or clashing with the army
and navy over occupation policy.
Meanwhile, Gen. George c. Mar
shall, ex-chief of staff, prepared to
embark upon his duties as special
envoy to China in the midst Of
Chang Kai-shek's redoubling Of eff
forts to unity the country and open
the way for vigorous postwar eco
nomic expansion. In announcing his
program to modernize the country,
Chang declared the No. l goal
would be the improvement Of trans
portation to facilitate an exchange
of materials between the various
regions.
The Omaha guide., 1946-05-11
GERMANY:
ReUietU Rule

With French obstruction to Allied
plans for a central administration
for Germany resulting in the eco
nomic breakup Of the Reich and diff
ffculties for a restoration Of nor
malcy, the u. S. was asked to study
the advisability of revising the Pots
dam declaration pledging this coun-
try TO its present course.
In urging a re-examination Of
U. S. occupation policies, Byron
Price, former director of the office
Of censorship who undertook a pc
cial mission to Europe for Presi-
dent Truman, declared that the Ger
man people were nursing old and
new hatreds with increasing bitter
ness as their ~sufferings increased
and disposing themselves to what
ever new leadership desperation
may produce.
With German agriculture and in
dustry seriously impaired during
the closing stages Of the war, Price
said the U. S. must also decide
whether to deliver foodstuffs to the
country to prevent starvation and
epidemics this winter and help re-
move some causes for unrest
The Omaha guide., 1946-05-11

necessitating a rise in prices.
With the work stoppages in G. M.
plants threatening to paralyze prac-
tically all of the automobile indus
try because of its dependence upon
G. M. for parts, a further menace
to reconversion was posed in the
United Steel workers vote for a
strike if leaders deemed one neces-
sary to enforce demands for a So a
day wage raise.
OPA refusal to grant steel manu-
f~acturers price increases until the
conclusion of the years operations
permits closer study of their profit
also has hardened company re-
sistance to the JAW demands. To
the unions assertion that the indus
try could well pay the increase out
of alleged hidden profits" manage
ment has replied that government
findings have classified the so-called
hidden profits" as reasonable bust
ness reserves assuring future expan-
sion.
The Omaha guide., 1946-05-11
PEARL
Kept Ton Secret

Because Of a desire to keep secret
the U. S. breaking Of Of the Japa-
nese code. the intercepted mes
sages revealing Jap political and
military moves we're beknown only
to nine top officials. Maj. Gen. Sher-
man Miles, former head of army in
telligence, told the congressional
committee investigating Pearl Har-
Dor.
Along with President Roosevelt,
others possessing knowledge of the
decided messages included Secre-
tary of War Stimson, Secretary Of
State Hull, 1t Gen. L. T. Gerow.
head of the war plans division, Sec
rotary Of the Navy Knox. Admiral
Stark, chief Of naval operations, Col
n. 5. Bratton Of the army intelli-
gence staff, Gen. George c. Mar
shall, chief Of staff. and Miles.
Though Maj. Gen. Walter Short
and Rear Adm. Husband Kimmel
were not apprized Of the breaking Of
the code, Miles said, they were kept
informed of the course of events.
However, with officials anticipating
an attack in the far east, Short
and Kimmel were advised to take
only such action as they deemed
necessary at Pearl Harbor and
guard against sabotage.
When asked what significance
was attached to a decided Jap mes
sage Of Sept. "a, 1941, asking espion-
age agents in Hawaii to advise
Tokyo of the disposition Of the
American fleet in Pearl Harbor,
Miles replied: Taken alone, it looks
exactly like what we know now il
was-a plan for bombing Pearl Har-
Dor. But unless we look on it with
hindsight, it was only one of a great
number of Jap messages seeking in
formation on III warships. 1t was
perfectly normal for them to be
doing SO. .."
The Omaha guide., 1946-05-11
WISHART FAVORS
A AND
C

Joseph Wishart, republican candi-
date for Governor, in addressing a
group of party workers at Columbus
Wednesday took a strong position fav-
oring greater state and local control
OF government.
He pointed out that the power Of
government follows from the MONEY it
has to spend and noted that Nebraska
people are sending over 7 times as
much money to Washington for in
come taxes alone as is raised and spent
in the state for all state, county, mum
icipal, and school purposes.
He gave the figure Of about rs mil
lion dollars as being the amount raised
tor state and local purposes, While more
than 800 million dollars are paid by
NeD-askans for federal taxes.
This Wishart stated, illustrates
why federal powers are so hard to re-
sist and undoubtedly has everything to
do with the problem of adequately sup
porting the schools and other agencies
of the state without federal aid".
The Omaha guide., 1946-05-11

My favorite war story was the one about the COckney
solder wO, when one of those annoying people who ask
question queried linn as to his reasons for fighting, replied,
Were fighting the war to keep the most important right
I'M Engishman 'as-the right to be against the government
The right to dissent is the most important freedom guar
anteed by the Bill rof lights, for upon it hang all our other
freedoms. All of our rights are rights to disagree. Free
dom of religion, freedom from unwarranted search and
seizure, OF trial by jury-what are they but freedoms to dis
sent from the majority opinion?
Some of the decisions of the Supreme Court which are
most remembered are those dissenting opinions of the
Grent Dissenier, Justice Holmes, who in his non-assenting
opinions represented the liberal leaven Of thought of his
day.
However, only as we fulfill our responsibilities do We en-
ftle ourselves to the right to dissent. Only free men can
afford 10 disagree because only free men can be trusted to
observe the rights of others and the formalities of orderly
intercourse.
Where there is danger in dissent is when it becomes die
tatorial. Hitler's Brown Shirts parading the streets Of
Munich, decrying everything and everyone, were unimport-
ant and rather ridiculous until they began to turn their dis
sent into demands and to try to sifle that very freedom
which had been their own safeguard. DictatOrial dissent
rs a peril to any government. Such is the dissent of a high
Iy organized minority, of a pressure group which holds out
for special privilege.
Let us not forget that we fought for the right to disagree.
We fought for the right of free men to be against the per-
cs0n or thing in which they do not believe-and to express
that difference in speech and orderly action. We must re-
member the words of Wilson "The seed Of revolution is re-
preston
In planning for the future lei up keep this right to dis
sent well in mind, realizing all that it implies and remem-
Bering always that the Bill of Rights is but the Amendment
30 the constitution of Responsibilities.
The Omaha guide., 1946-05-11
Veterans Promised Aid by
National Housing Agency

Every effort will be made to assure
Negro veterans and veterans Of other
minority groups equal consideration
under the Veterans Emergency Hous-
ing program, Wilson w. Wyatt, Natl
Housing Expediter and Administration
of the National Housing Agency, de.
clared today.
Start of construction of 2-700,Q00
low and medium cost homes and apart.
ments for veterans and their families
by the end of l94z is aimed at under
the emergency program.
In the recent order channeling bldg.
materials into low-cost homes and rem
tai projects state and district direct
ors of the Federal Housing Administ.
ration have been asked to encourage
local builders to construct homes both
for sale and for rent to veterans Of
minority groups and their economic
ability to purchase or rent, Mr.. Wyatt
said.
THE Federal Public Housing Au.
thority has adopted and is pursuing de-
finite policies and procedures regard
ing occupancy by Negro and other mi.
nority group veterans in temporary re.
use housing under the Veterans Emer-
gency Housing Program.
~All Mayors Emergency Housing
Committees have been urged to give
special attention to the housing pro-
blems of veterans belonging to minor
ity groups and as the program devel-
ops every effort vii be made to over
come the difficulties which may tend
to hamper the production of housing
for minority groups.
Approximately one million Negroes
nearly one-tenth of the Negro popula-
ton Of the country, served in the ar
med forces during World War III. These
veterans must return to old neighbor-
hoods that now are crowded or find
new living space. =
Mr.. Wyatt pointed out that success
in achieving an equitable distribution
of available new housing to minority
groups will depend largely upon the
work and diligence Of local emergency
housing committees since the problem
is one which must be faced and solved
in the communities.
"'The housing Of minority group vet
Grams in accordance with needs is be-
set with peculiar problems" Mr.. Wy
att said. "A largely proportion of them
fall into the lower or lowest income
groups and cannot afford to purchase
homes at prevailing prices. Consequent
ly, it is necessary to provide for them
a high proportion Of dwelling units al
uow rentals. The requirement, under
the c~hanneling order, that Is percent
Of new residential construction shall
be rental units is a step in that direc-
ton. Passage of the Wagner Ellender-
taft Bill is needed to provide large
numbers of permanent houses to meet
the needs of the large proportion Of
Negro veterans in the low income bra
cket who cannot afford economic rents.
Because Of neighborhood resistance
upon the use Of land, new home sites
for for Negroes are often difficult to
acquire, Mr.. Wyatt continued. "Dur-
ing the war these restrictions often
delayed and sometimes completely
blocked private and public efforts to
produce housing for essential Negro
war workers. An early solution of this
problem is required if the Veterans
Emergency Housing Program is 10
succeed in providing needed homes for
Negro veterans. Cities have been asked
to make special efforts to provide sites
for Negro housing.
The Omaha guide., 1946-05-11

In recognition of his service to
the American Legion, American
Legion Post No. 1 presented a set
of silk desk flags to ]. E. David
son, president of the Nebraska
Power Company. National Com
mander Warren Atherton was the
principal speaker at the April
meeting, at which time the pre-
sentation was made.
The flag stand holds Old Glory
and the American Legion flag,
and it also carries the national
emblem of the Legion The back
of this emblem has the following
engraved inscription: presented
to j. E. Davidson in recognition
of his services to the American
The Omaha guide., 1946-05-11


charges against him, the squat,
Drowned Jap general declared he
ordered none of the atrocities re-
lated by scores Of witnesses or con-
tanned in hearsay evidence adj
mitted by the court. To the accusa-
ton that he had planned the exter-
mination of the Filipinos. Yamashita
declared that common sense indi-
Gated the impracticability of killing
10 million people.
The case against Yamashita was
complicated by the apparent divi-
sion Of command in Japanese
ground, naval and air forces in the
Philippines. While as ground COM
mander Yamashita said he had or
dered the withdrawal of his troops
from Manila for warfare in the
mountains, Nipponese naval detacn-
ments remained within the capital
for the fighting which heavily dam
aged the city and exposed civilians
to danger.
Meanwhile, the trial Of 20 top
Nazis proceeded apace in Nuern-
berg, with the U. S. prosecutors
drawing from voluminous evidence
to prove charges of German on
spiracy for aggressive warfare.
Citing a statement Of Diplomatist
Franz Won Papen that southeastern
Europe was Germany's hinterland
and must be brought within the
political framework Of the Reich,
U. S. Prosecutor Sidney Alderman
quoted documents to show that Hit
Ter had delegated Won Papen to de-
velop a program Of Nazi infltration
into the Austrian government to
take it over after the aborted
putsch of 1894.
The Omaha guide., 1946-05-11
Former 92md Officer
Irndicts Army Policy

%Report on the Negro Soldier" by
Warman Welliver, one of the white Of
fieers with the 92nd Division. reprinted
in the May Headlines and Pictures
from Harper's Magazine states that this
coAuntry's policy for colored troops had
been an a most complete military fail
ure.' Mr.. Welliyer contends that col
Ored infantry units were ineffective and
gives the Negroes inferior position in
American society as the chief reason.
~The fact that the colored man, by
and large, has never been privileged to
feel this stimulus to action" Nh. Vel.