davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-05-04

version, when a convict hooked a
T-square around the guard within
the gun gallery. Jerking him to the
bars, he wrested from him the keys
and opened the gallery. Then he
passed out weapons to his accom-
plices, who scattered throughout the
cell block, rounding up guards as
hostages.
These were held, many of them
shot in cold blood, until other
guards stormed the redoubt and
brought them to safety.
Warden Johnston went to bed
early this morning-some SO hours
after the bloody uprising began.
Kept Under Range.
While the veteran penologist got
his first rest from personal command
of forces fighting the rebellious fel-
ons, guards kept the cell block in
which the desperadoes are cornered
under range of their guns.
Mr.. Johnston, native of Brook
lyn. was named warden at San Quen-
tin in 1912, served there II years
during which time he became known
for prison reforms, and then became
q member of the Advisory Pardon
Board. For a short time he was di.
rector of the State Department OF
Penology. After a time in business
he took over the Alcatraz job on New
Year Day, 1884.
The warden was attacked ano
beaten by a convict at Alcatraz in
1887, but was not seriously hurt.
Evening star., 1946-05-04
Funk Declares Self
A Nazi Second-Rate
by the essocioted Press

NUREMBERG, May 4-Walther
Funk, former Nazi press chief, COM
planned somewhat wryly to the In
ternational Military Tribunal today
that he had never been more than
a second-rater in the Nazi Reich
and that only in theh war crimes
trial was he regarded as big
shot.
Funk, who also was Economic
Minister and Reichsbank president
portrayed his role in the party and
state affairs as insignificant" He
testified that in the Propaganda
Ministry he took his orders from
the 'undisputed boss" Paul Joseph
Goebbels, and that as Economic
Minister he was subordinate to
Herman Goering.
Then you had the title, but not
real authority?" his counsel asked
Il always, so to speak, came up
to the door but never was allowed
to enter" Funk replied, with a sad
expression.
However, in this trial it hap
pened differently" he added.
Funk claimed he was never an
anti-Semite" and had intervened
to help many Jews. He said he
became a Hitler supporter in the
early 1930s because he was con.
vinced that "only a strong leader
and unified people could solve
GermanV'S crisis"
Evening star., 1946-05-04
Guard Who Feigned
Death 10 Hours Calls
|Convicts Ruthless
BY the Associofad PYa<S

SAN FRANCISCO, May 4.-"1 was
shot down in cold blood by Cretzer,"
said Guard Robert r. Baker, who
lay wounded and feigned death in
an .Alcatraz cell block for 10 hours.
Joseph Paul Cretzer ("Dutch Joe")
is a convicted bank robber and
slayer of policeman.
Some one suggested they hold us
as hostages" the guard said. "Cret-
zer just laughed.
"'We don't need hostages he
said. We're not going to make
agreements. We want the keys"
They threw Miller "a guard who
later died of his wounds) on bench
and punched him and kicked him.
Miller took it as long as he could
and then gave up the keys. He held
out the important key-the key to
the back gate. Miller passed out.
damned Into Cell.
"The cons seemed to go crazy.
One of them swung rifle yelling
Let's shoot the -
They jammed us into cell.
II don't know who fired into the
other cell. But Cretzer stood at the
door to the cell I was in and went
wild. He emptied a As automatic
into us. There wasn't time to think
OF falling to the floor.
Simpson "a guard stood on the
bed. Two bullets hit him in the
chest and he fell fiat on the cot.
Before could get under a bed,
a bullet got me and dropped me.
Sundstrom "a guard in my cell fell
to the floor behind me and wasn't
hit.
Didn't Dare Help Simpson.
Il thought Cretzer would come in
and finish us off. But he left.
Il lay there for 10 hours with
blood splashing from my wound.
The floor was cold and I didn't pass
out. Sundstrom Rugged the floor
without sound. 1 could hear
Simpson moaning.
I'VE didn't dare help him. The
convicts kept coming back and look
ing in.
When Cretzer said he didn't
want hostages, a con said: Let's kill
these witnesses. We don't want
witnesses
Coy was one convict who did
plenty of damage during it all. I
saw him pick off three guards with
as many shots during the start of
the fight in the cell tiers.
Hes deadly with a rifle"
Evening star., 1946-05-04
Clark Calls on Reds
To Settle Air Riqhts
(From Yesterdays Last Edttion.)
nv the Aseocto ted prees

(Fron Yesterdays Last EdttionJ
BY the Associated Press
VIENNA. Austria, May 3-Gen
Mark w. Clark was reported today
to have asked Marshal Ivan S..
Konev, Russian commander in
Austria, ito discuss and settle, once
and for all, the question of freedom
of the air for all Allied forces in
Austria"
Gen. Clark was said to have made
the request in reaffirming a protest
against one of a series of incidents
in Austria in which Russian planes
harassed American aircraft.
American military sources said
Marshal Konev's reply to one of a
series of two formal and two oral
protests was most Disappointing
He was said to have replied that in
one of the instances, when a CAT
transport was fired on, the Amer
lean plane was outside a corridor
prescribed for American aircraft.
Americans declared the plane was
within It's zone.
(Two CATS were fired on in
the series of incidents. One in
stance was on Easter Sunday,
another the following day.
The second formal protest by
Gen. Clark, in the form of letter,
has not been answered. American
authorities said the Russians had
assured them in conversations that
they had no intention of creating
an incident.
Evening star., 1946-05-04
Canadian Ex-CounseIor
Here Dies al Dublin

Merchant Mahoney, SO, former
counselor of the Canadian Embassy
here, died today at Dublin, Fire,
where he had been Canadian High
Commissioner since last November,
the Associated Press reported.
Mr.. Mahoney served continuously
In Washington as a representative
Of his government from 1917 to 1945.
He was secretary of Canadian War
Mission here in charge of transpor-
tation during the first World War
and in 1921 was named secretary
for Canada to the British Embassy
being one of the first diplomatic
representatives of the Canadian
government.
When the Canadian Legation was
organized in 1927 he was appointed
commercial secretary and served in
various posts, rising to the position
of counselor of the embassy.
Evening star., 1946-05-04
Congress Conferees
Resume Sessions
On Federal Pay Bill
By Joseph Young

Conferees on the Federal pay
bill met again today in an at
tempt to reach final agreement
on legislation which has been
buffeted about Congress for the
past six months.
AS the conferees resumed their
sessions, interrupted two weeks ago
by the Houses Easter recess, spon-
sors of the bill expressed hope that
"a final version of the measure can
be agreed on at today's meeting.
However, they said they have no
assurance that this can be accom-
plished.
Indications were that the final bill
will be patterned more closely after
the House measure for a fiat S4OO
wage increase than the Senate's
overall IL per cent pay bill.
Aids Bulk of Employees.
For one thing, some of the con-
ferees point out that the vast bulk
of Federal employes-those in the
81 400 to $4,000 wage brackets-get
better break from the House bill
than the Senate version. Then, too,
| 1t is felt that it would be too compli-
Gated bookkeeping task to fashion
a compromise measure based on the
Senate's II per cent graduated bill
formula, which provides that en-
ployes in the lower income brackets
get a greater percentage share of
the overall II per cent raise.
Another matter to be threshed
out by the conferees is whether to
accept reduction-i n-in-force amend
ment offered by Representative
Dirksen. Republican, of Illinois,
which would have the effect of max
ing any pay raise contingent on a
cut in personnel.
Sponsors of the legislation today
expressed the hope that final House
Senate action on the bill can be
completed within a week.
No Retroactive Clause.
"The way this bill has been kicked
around by Congress is a crying
shame" one of House sponsors of
the bill, declared. although most
Government workers have been
desperately in need Of pay raise
to held them meet the increased
cost of living. Congress has leisurely
gone about its business, seemingly
indifferent to the plight of Federal
employees
The House member also pointed
out that as the measure now stands
it contains no retroactive pay clause.
In plain fairness, we ought to
get the bill through Congress next
week and make it effective as soon
as the President signs the bill," he
said.
The House-passed bill makes the
legislation effective July /. How
ever, an attempt is being made by
several conferees to remove that
provision.
Evening star., 1946-05-04
Munchuriu
CONTINUED From First Page.)

should be turned into an anti-Rus-
sian base, nor should there be dis
elimination against the United
States. All we Communists want is
international cooperation.
Gen. Tu, reporting on the battle
of Penhsihou, asserted that 5000
Communist troops had been cap
tured. If his figures are accurate
the battle would be one of the largest
of the undeclared Manchurian war.
Gen. Tu said the engagement had
removed the Communist threat to
Mukden"
He also said the Communists had
modified large forces aimed at in
terrupting rail communications in
Southern Manchuria and that Red
leaders had announced plans for
attacking Mukden.
He added that the Communists
had started an offensive April %
and that the national troops moved
against them three days later. The
engagement was seen as clearing
the Mukden rear area of Com
munists and giving the government
freedom to speed up major opera
tions northward.
Evening star., 1946-05-04
COP Attempt 10 Cut
Commerce Fund Fails,
Bill Goes 10 Senate
By the Associoied Press

The House late yesterday passed
and sent to the Senate a bill pro-
viding $685., ,168,758 for the Com
merce, State and Justice Depart
ments in the fiscal year 1947.
Final action was by a voice vote
after Democrats on two close roll
calls beat back Republican attempts
to SLASH funds for the Commerce
Department.
Secretary of Commerce Wallace's
name figured prominently in the hot
debate. A number of Republicans
urged that his department be de-
MED funds on grounds that they
would be used for political purposes
On one Republican proposal-to
cut Mr.. Wallace's Bureau of Foreign
and Domestic Commerce $4,460 ,O0(
the roll call vote was first re.
corded as 127 for the move and 12t
against. Speaker Rayburn an.
nounced mo" vote from the chair
however. to tie the count and thus
defeat the amendment
The other major Republican
amendment - to deny Secretary
Wallace's Census Bureau $15,000,.
900 to conduct censuses of bust.
ness and manufacturers-was re.
jected, 1928 to 125.
Actually, when all voting was com.
pleted, the Commerce Department
showed a gain of approximately
So, 100000. This amount was ap.
proved for operation of airport traf.
fic control towers in ITO cities.
The amounts voted for the various
departments were approximately az
follows: Commerce, $145,000, 1000
State, $105,000, 900, and Justice anc
judiciary branches, s115,000,0O0.
One of the Justice Department.
increases was of 100000 for the
Federal Bureau of Investigation
In addition, the House voted to in
crease FBI Director J. Edgar Hoov-
er's pay from $4,000 to $4,000.
A major fight occurred yesterday
over the State Departments cultura,
relations program, but members up
held an Appropriations Committee
recommendation of $10,000,000.
Evening star., 1946-05-04
Hoover Terms India,
China Real Trouble
Spots in Famine
BY the Associated Press

SEOUL, Korea, May 4.-Herbert
Hoover said today the only bright
spots he has found in a generally
dark world food picture were a few
unexpected surpluses-principally in
Australia and Iraq.
He told interviewers the real
trouble spots were India and China,
which have famine areas.
He added that Korea would need
some imports in May, June and
July to maintain minimum diets
until the next harvest, observing
Its the same old story of mad
equate supplies.
President Truman's world food
surveyor listened with little COM
ment as the governors of eight South
Korean provinces and the military
governors of their districts reported
to him in the gilded capitol audi
torium.
One Governor pointed out that
the Koreans, after having been held
to reduced diets of 20 per cent of
their crops by the Japanese, con-
sumed nearly all of their 1945 crops
in November and December after
they were liberated.
Mr.. Hoover arrived by plane today
from Shanghai. He planned to take
off tomorrow for Tokyo.
Before leaving Shanghai Mr..
Hoover made a flying trip to Nam
king for talks with Generalissimo
Chang Kai-shek and Gen. George
C. Marshall, and later said the food
need of China was enormous, with
whole villages in the interior facing
extinction.
1T is impossible to compute the
numbers of people in critical con-
dition, but no doubt they run into
the Millions" he said.
Evening star., 1946-05-04
Alcutruz
Continued From First Page y

than "a hours rifle and grenades
had blasted at the trapped men.
Escape Attempt Failed.
The unprecedented escape at
tempt perhaps the most spectacular
in the history of Federal prisons,
was complete failure.
Warden Johnston said 1t initially
had been planned as a mass break.
Not one convict ever got beyond the
cell block.
After many hours of firing, the
convicts stopped shooting. Except
for brief furry of gunfire late in
the day, all was quiet from the cell
block.
Warrant Officer Charles L. Buck
ner, Memphis, Tenn, who led a de-
tachment of Marines to the island
for guard duty, volunteered to join
the fight.
He mounted the roof, and cut
holes in it with an electric drill.
He dropped $50 augmentation
grenades into the cell block
Screams were heard from the
trapped men, and then a rifle shot.
No more screams were heard.
In San Francisco, thousands OF
persons watched from the hills and
docks for gunfire display from the
bleak island, set at the entrance OF
the bay.
It was still not known how many
of the convicts inside the cell block
were resisting. Warden Johnston
named seven as the ringleaders, but
prison officials we're quick to admit
that they had no idea of the total
number involved.
It was considered likely that the
ringleaders, armed with weapons
from the gun gallery, which they
seized early in the riot, may have
prevented nonparticipants from sur.
rendering.
The riot began, according to one
Evening star., 1946-05-04
BowIes Says U. S.WiII Accept
Food Rutioninq if Necessary

last enough TO DO any good at this
time.
But he added that he would not
hesitate to order it if there should
be disastrous crop failures.
Aides of Mr.. Bowles as well as
OPA and Agriculture Department
officials said that thus far there has
been no actual planning of any
rationining program, nor any dis
cussion whether preparations should
be made for printing ration books.
Except for rationing, Mr.. Bowles
did not elaborate on what tougher
measures might have to be taken.
However, Government officials who
withheld use of their names said
these might include the requisition-
ing of grain for shipment abroad, a
cut in hog price ceilings to dis
courage feeding to heavier weights
and efforts to tighten up voluntary
food conservation.
In his radio talk, Mr.. BoWles
suggested to housewives that instead
of buying a loaf Of bread each day,
they buy one every two days. He
also urged that they buy less fats
and oils.
Evening star., 1946-05-04
By the A.soeioted Press

Chester Bowles, citing the posi-
bility of some tougher" famine re-
lief measures, said today he knows
America will accept restoration of
food rationing If it becomes neces-
sary.
"At the moment" the stabiliza-
tion director said in radio address
over the American Broadcasting
System, Il don't see any immediate
necessity for that.
"We are a rich country-rich in
just about every kind of food. And
there should be enough for all of us
to 60 on eating well, and still do our
food share for others.
But if we should have to 60 back
to some sort of food rationing,
know the American people would
accept that"
Mr.. Bowles thus echoed views ex-
pressed by President Truman. The
Chief Executive told his news con-
ference Thursday that he didn't be-
lieve rationing could be reinstituted
Evening star., 1946-05-04
Coal
Continued From First Page.)

burgh today with four district presi-
dents of the United Mine Workers
on whether coal could be mined for
utilities servicing hospitals and
other essential consumers. A partial
voluntary "brownout' was in effect
in Philadelphia.
Dimout regulations were ordered
into effect here despite the fact
that the Solid Fuel Administration
approved a PEPCO request for so
carloads of emergency coal a day
to keep its facilities operating. First
deliveries were to be made within a
week.
At Cleveland, Andrew H. Brown,
transportation commissioner of the
Chamber of Commerce, said the
freight embargo will, if prolonged,
limit or halt IS per cent of Cleve-
lands industry" Other transpor-
tation officials said the edict would
halve the 100 passenger trains arriv-
ing daily at the lake port.
Howard S. Palmer, president of
the New Haven Railroad, declared
the passenger service cut would
most seriously" affect the lines
east end commuter service in New
York, but that through service would
be maintained between Boston and
New York and New York and New
Haven, Conn.
Pennsylvania Railroad officials at
Philadelphia said they had no i'm
mediate comment on plans to carry
out the order.
A state of emergency, similar to
that now in effect in Chicago, was
proclaimed for the $4,000 residents
Of Muscatine, Iowa.
Effects of the coal shortage also
were being felt in Canada. Ship
ping officials at Winnipeg said
Great Lakes grain shipments would
be tied up If the strike continued
another 10 days.
Details of Order Drafted.
A schedule of progressively more
drastic cuts has been approved, in
the event. the mine strike continues,
until current eventually may be
supplied only to hospitals and for
sewer and water operations, COM
munications, refrigeration for food
and minimum street lighting.
Details of the order were drafted
by Corporation Counsel Vernon E.
West.
The preliminary dim-out calls
for:
l. Cessation of power for window
lighting, outdoor signs and the like.
2. Cessation of electricity for air.
conditioning units and equipment.
8. Reduction of all lighting in
commercial establishments to one
watt per square foot of floor space
except in specialized establishments
such as drafting rooms, schools and
doctors offices.
4. Throwing into immediate use
any standby power producing
equipment owned by Pepco con.
sumers.
Col. Arthur said it was estimated
these measures, if complied with
would reduce power consumption il
the city by about one-third.
Further Steps Possible.
| If the strike continues, Col. Ar
thur added, these further steps viii
be taken in the following order:
l. Eliminate all electrical servic,
for amusements. schools, and edu
cational institutions, museums, ar
galleries and like establishments.
2. Eliminate all service to all of
flee buildings and industrial plants
and reduce streetcar service so PEI
cent.
3. Eliminate service to all small
commercial establishments, resi-
dences, apartments and hotels.
Effective dates of these progres.
sive curtailments depend upon com.
pliance with the preliminary cuts
Col. Arthur warned.
Evening star., 1946-05-04
Three Fined on Charge
Of Transporting Liquor

Charged with illegal Transports
ton OF liquor, three Martinsburg.
w. Va, men, were fined 500 and
costs each, and given 90-day sus-
pended jail sentences by Judge Rob-
ert w. Stump, in the Fairfax Trial
Justice Court yesterday.
The three, who gave their names
as Damon Hardy, 46, Trenton G.
Coleman, %, and Gilbert c. Cole
man, 81, were arrested on the Lee
highway by County Policemen J. G..
Hollowell and Joseph Blevins. who
said they had 40 pints Of liquor in
their possession.
Evening star., 1946-05-04
Bus
Continued From First Page.)

submit their wage difference and
other issues to arbitration.
In the agreement, signed last
night at the Labor Department, two
union demands and one company
request were met. AS requested by
the union. a company letter termi-
mating the present contract as of
May 18 was withdrawn and COM
pany proposal that wage increases
be contingent on fare increases was
eliminated.
The company won c:arincation of
bitterly disputed clause in the
contract which it contended gave
the union the right to perpetual
arbitration.
Cancellation Service Praised.
Terms of the agreement stipu-
late that the arbitrators make every
effort to obtain a signed contract by
May 18. Both company and union
officials praised the Cancellation
Service for its efforts to end the
strike. Labor Department officials
spent more than IS hours in con-
ciliation sessions with the involved
parties.
Regarding the company's appli-
cation for a fare increase, ICC Off
cials said that unless official protests
are received by May 18 the request
will be granted. City officials Of
Falls Church met last night to dis
cuss the situation and. although no
action was taken, indications were
that they would authorize the filing
of a protest.
OPA officials revealed that the
agency's public utilities section has
the case under study and will file a
protest If it feels one is necessary.
They said, however, that if the Ar
mold officials can show that the COM
pany is losing money, protest prob
ably will not be filed.
Evening star., 1946-05-04
Cathedral Slayer Wins
EIGHTH Postponement
(From Yesterdays Last Edition.

(From Yesterdays Last Edition)
Justice David A. Pine of District
Court today postponed from May
10 to June % the execution date
for Julius Fisher, 80, colored, for
the Staying of Miss Catherine Rear
don in the Washington Cathedral
library in March, 1914
The postponement was granted
pending a decision in the case by
the Supreme Court. 1t was the
eighth execution date postponement
for Fisher,
Evening star., 1946-05-04
Antonescu and II Aides
Face Trial Monday
BY the Associated Press

BUCHAREST, May 4.-The war
crimes trial Of Ion Antonescu,
Romania's wartime pro-Nazi Pre-
mier, and II others accused of COL
laboration is expected to begin
Monday.
A 60,000-word indictment charges
Antonescu with declaring war on
the United States and Britain on
direct orders from the German Min
lister, informants said. The prosecu-
tion likely will demand the death
penalty for the former Premier and
his chief aides.