davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-04-10
Atomic Energy Commission

Irygve Lie of Norway, secretary
general of the United Nations, has
struck constructive note and also
demonstrated the Importance of his
Office when he admonished the
twelve member nations of the u N
Atomic Energy Commission to speed
up the commissions proceedings.
The need for dispatch has been
intensified by the recent official an
nouncement in this country that
plutonlum, the derivative from
uranium most efficient for the pro-
duction of atomic energy, can be
"denatured" so that it cannot easily
be used for the making of atomic
bombs, but can be employed for all
peaceful purposes, including thera-
peutic uses as well as the production
OF industrial power. Obviously,
these peaceful possibilities cannot be
realized until the primary products
have been put under international
control.
1t was with that vital objective in
mind that the U. NJ Atomic Energy
Commission was provided for by a
unanimous vote of the General As
sembly at its first meeting in Lon,
don last January. The membership
included, besides the Big Five"
Australia, Brazil, Canada, Egypt,
Mexico, the Netherlands and Poland
However, not only has no meeting of
the committee yet been called, but
China, Mexico and the Soviet Union
have not yet named their repre-
sentativeS, while the United States,
which took the initiative in the mat
ter through the vigorous pronounce
ments of Secretary of State Byrnes
at the London meeting, did not ap-
point its representative, Bernard M.
Baruch, until March 18, and this
appointment has only just received
Senate confirmation.
Under these circumstances, the
secretary generals admonition was
fully justified, and it is to be noted
that this is the first time that Mr..
Lie has admonished members to dis
charge more promptly the duties
assigned them under the Charter.
The scope of the commissions
duties Is specifically laid down in
Evening star., 1946-04-10

Gen. Eisenhower, in his Army Day
speech, reiterated the theme Of Gen.
Macarthur: The goal is the universal
remuneration Of war 80 with certainty"
That is possible presuming that the
U. NJ governments mean business-to
make the Kellogg BRAND pact reality,
and abolish every possibility of force
as an instrument of national policy.
But the United States cannot disarm
on that assumption. The Soviet Union
a dictatorship ruled by a party of
world-embracing ambitions, and
philosophy which affirms violent strug-
gle as the only road to progreSs-is
rebuilding an army Of $4,000 900 men,
adding new armed forces from neigh
boring states and PROSECUTING people
from all nations into its international
party and instrument.
Our government, it seems to me, has
failed to initiate radical move to
abolish war while permitting our mill
tary defenses to decay and our internal
affairs to drift, at the same time COL
laborating in political decisions which
create easy opportunities for a powerful
aggressor and the likelihood Of another
war-after we have put ourselves in the
best position to lose it.
We are thus both entering an arma-
ment race, and tying our own feet.
As long as war is a possibility, 1t
should be an axiom Of American foreign
policy never to permit a situation to
form under which any power could
attack and defeat us, while We could
not defeat it. AS long as war is a pos
sibility. we should take leaf from the
book of the Soviet Union and regard
as possible aggressors against us all
countries powerful enough to risk such
venture
The Soviet Union would be in a DO
sition to do so if it controls Europe.
1t can control Europe If it controls Ger
many. Our political policies are lead
ing inexorably in that direction. The
Potsdam agreement was, for the United
States and Britain, the most disastrous
political action of this war Through
1t we are creating all but the certainty
that Germany will produce, not another
Hitler, but another Tito to add German
labor, science, ingenuity and military
aptitude to what is already the most
powerful military state on earth That
will be the German revenge politics"
of the future. If We 60 on as we are.
X
Just as Hitler during the Russo
German pact moved or developed in
dustry eastward to protect production
from British bombings and western in
vasion, so We are now helping move all
German heavy industries into the Soviet
military complex or destroying them.
The Silesian, Czech and Austrian heavy
industries, of incompatible use to Hitler,
the Yugoslav copper mines, and all the
Evening star., 1946-04-10
This Changing World
By Constantine Brown

have been given the right to vote and
are playing big role at the polls. An
incident Is related by reliable OBJ
server, who asked group Of women
why they Joined the Communist party
The answer was that the Communists
provided them with potatoes and some
flour while the Socialists and Republi-
cans gave them nothing but fine words.
The parties which are opposing the
domination of the Communists are weak
and powerless. Moreover, they COM
pletely lack leadership and funds for
the elections. According to an unofficial
estimate, 1t will cost each candidate the
equivalent OF $4,000 to gain a seat in
the new Chamber to cover travel, print
ing, entertainment and other essential
expenses. The treasury Of the Com
munist party will be supplied with ample
funds to meet this expense
Outside Thorez, Duclos and other less
headlined Communists, there are no
strong men in France today. Gen. de
Gaulle, who at one time was regarded
as strong, is believed to have disappeared
altogether from Frances political life
The other political leaders, including
Foreign Minister Georges Bidault, a
newcomer in active French politics, are
filled with fear and bewilderment. Many
Of them, realizing their weakness, are
seeking ways to hop on the Thorez
bandWagon.
The leaders of the Communists, how
ever, do not want any cooperation with
the politicians of the old parties. They
do not care to compromise themselves
by accepting their assistance which they
consider more of a handicap than a
favor. The Communists are said to be
rejecting altogether the time-honored
political schemes of parliamentary
combinations
The representatives of the French
Socialists and other democratic groups
are looking for immediate aid from the
United States. They seem to be firmly
convinced that the French people would
side with them if they could show that
America has not forgotten France
Even the trickle of supplies which is
being sent to France today far exceeds
the small quantities the U. S. S. R. is
sending. But Russia's assistance is
being highly publicized while America S
received practically no attention.
does not represent even Tooth part
of the amount Of destruction perpe-
trated by the American armies in 1914
and 1945. The fact that these destruc-
tions were inevitable because we had to
fight the Germans on French soil Is, Of
course, passed in silence
Evening star., 1946-04-10
A Fair Prospect
From Quebec L'Evenement-Journsl,

From Quebec L'Evenement-J Journal.
The head of an industry holds-and
several economists share his view-that
it will take at least 18 months before the
economic system of the country can abb
sorb the great mass of some 100000 of
those demobilized from our three armed
forces, and that in the meantime the
best qualified will succeed in placing
themselves and making their way. 1t is
the ordinary process of the revival of
manpower and the constant renewal of
productive activity. We are observing
once more the phenomenon known as
the survival of the fttest" Let us not
be astonished at reactionary movements,
unemployment, crises and the more or
less profound upsets which may hap
pen. The shocks and effects will be
happily lessened thanks to the credits
and payments which have been estab-
lished, like Providence which provides
for all needs.
Evening star., 1946-04-10
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

oil Of Europe, Polish, Romanian and
Austrian, are at the disposal of the
Soviets. The Polish oil fields were
taken by the Soviet Union from an
ally; Austrian oil, first discovered and
developed by American initiative, is
wholly in Soviet hands; Romanian oil
belonging to American, British and
Dutch firms has been taken by the
Soviets without compensation.
The Soviets themselves assert that
their oil reserves are above American
oil reserves without the oil of Europe
Now, in all probability the Soviets will
add that of Northern Iran. All of this
is at Soviet disposal within a contigu-
GUS land complex
The only great heavy industry left in
Europe is that of the Ruhr-Saar. That
we are engaged in dismantling. The
Soviets do not want the Ruhr to 20 to
France. Any proposal to Europeanize
1t meets demand for Soviet partici-
patton, though there is no western par
tlclpation in Eastern German heavy
industry
The latest DEGREES for Germany ban
IA additional industries, including syn
thetic gasoline, oil and rubber, and seek
to establish for 100000 people the
living standard of 1932-the year of
highest unemployment and unrest that
brought Hitler.
Germany may have light industries
but these need tools, oil, rubber, ma
chinery. metals. Germany can pay for
them only by exporting consumer goods.
But to whom? Certainly not the United
States! Germany can find a reciprocal
market and source Of supply only in the
Soviet Union Her only hope to keep
her workers employed under present ar
rangements is to tie her economy with
the SoVletS, exactly as the light indus
tries OF Hltler's Europe had to work with
and for German owners of heavy in
dustry, plan which when practiced by
Germans was correctly called "Raub-
wirtschaft."
Politics follows economic necessity
The necessity We are creating for Ger
many is to join the Soviet economy or
perish.
The negative American policy plus
starvation will inevitably produce a
German Tito to combine a purge of anti
Communist elements called Nazi COL
laborators) with patriotism and revenge
directed against the west.
Yet Potsdam was not an American
policy. We were committed to its
insanities without foresight, discussion
or approval of Congress.
This writer wants to be on the record
before the American people against the
almost certain results of this policy for
our freedom and security and to urge
that we make radical move for the
abolition Of war. If that fails, we shall
know where we stand.
Released by the Bell syndicats 1re,
Evening star., 1946-04-10
WEDNESDAY, April 10, 1s46
A Hopeful Sion
A-.-10 -

1t is gratifying to a gravely con-
cerned public to note that the con-
greSSional investigation of Washing
tons deplorable penal mess got off
to a good Start-in an atmosphere
OF temperate and objective testi-
mony that gives hope of construc-
tive report leading to real solution
of the jail problem. Conspicuously
absent at the opening session of the
hearing before a subcommittee of
the House District Committee was
any evidence of the "cat-and dog"
tendencies which Welfare Director
Huff said had plagued penal admin
istration in the District in recent
years, to the detriment of the pub
lie interest and to the dismay of out
side penal experts considering apply
ing for employment in the local sys-
tenn.
The Commissioners and the mem
bers of the Welfare Board who ap-
peared at the initial session indi-
Gated by their testimony that they
are In agreement that the present
system Of administering the Jail is
unsatisfactory and that the time has
come to make change. The wit
neSSeS have made it plain that one
of the fundamental weaknesses of
the existing setup is its divided re-
sponsibility, an administrative con-
dltion bound to result in inefficiency,
misunderstanding and general con-
fusion. If it is true, as Mr.. Gill, sus-
pended superintendent, suggested to
the subcommittee yesterday, that
subordinate jail officials have formed
Clique" that dominates the resi-
dent superintendent, the situation is
but another symptom of the break
down Of discipline and morale that
inevitably results from conflict and
controversy at higher levels. Such
conditions breed irregularities of the
type which Mr.. Gill asserts have
taken place at the jail as between
prisoners and guards-the latest in
stance of which led to the escape
of death row" prisoners Medley and
Mcfarland.
Chairman Hebert of the investigat-
Ing subcommittee apparently is de-
termined to keep the hearing from
deteriorating into a mere sounding
board for reckless charges and coun-
tercharges of the type that have
been hurled too frequently in the
long-pending penal controversy. The
people of Washington are vitally in
terested in learning the real facts
and receiving assurance of an earlv
solution of the Jail problem. The
Star believes that this solution will
entail an overall reorganization of
District penal institutions-a reor-
ganization that will relieve the Board
OF Public Welfare of administrative
penal responsibilities too heavy and
too complex for lay citizens group
TO handle along with it's other mani
fold obligations in a city of nearly
a million inhabitants.
Evening star., 1946-04-10
Edward Sheldon

A pathetic yet by no means futile
career closed with Edward Sheldon S
death. When he was only twenty
seven years of age he was regarded
deservedly as the most important of
the younger school of American
playwrights. His Romance" writ
ten for Doris Keane in 1913 still is
one of the most notable works ever
produced by dramatist born in the
United States. 1t was judged an
attainment of the truest genius
when it first was performed. and
there never has been any reason for
altering the original verdict.
Mr.. Sheldon was educated at the
Hill School and under George Pierce
Baker at Harvard. While in Cam
bridge he organized the Dramatic
Club and was it's president. His
whole approach to show business"
thus was an intellectual enterprise.
But he had the powers of sensitive
heart to aid his striving. Much of
what he wrote was richly emotional.
He understood, as Shakespeare did,
the profound passions which move
even quite ordinary men and women.
The problems of his generation were
of concern to him because he cared
about people, but he never was a
propagandist at the expense of art
Instead, he tended toward opposi-
ton to the uSe-or misuse-of the
facilities of the theater in behalf of
specific causes. His position was
more philosophic in that respect
than we're the attitudes of certain OF
his contemporaries. The better part
of his achievement was free from
special pleading.
Perhaps the tragedy of his own
life influenced his endeavor toward
simple humane clarity. In 1918 he
was stricken with arthritis Gradu-
ally he became both paralyzed and
blind. But he could not surrender
to his disaster. From a bed of pain
in Manhattan apartment he per-
fected "The Proud Princess" for
Dorothy Donnelly, "Bewitched" for
Sidney Howard, Lulu Belle" for
Charles Macarthur and "Dishonored
Lady" for Margaret Aver Barnes.
Into these scripts he put the magic
touch" which meant the difference
between failure and success. 1t was
his hand that created the American
Evening star., 1946-04-10
Soup Maker

About her cling the early customs taught
Her mothers mother here among the
hills.
She, too, must keep her threshold SPAR
king clean,
Shining the door and all the ,pindo,p
sills.
The thrifty, large, familiar kettle holds
Wood ashes that Were cleaned the
tonter long
From Which no,o trickles IN the pail
beneath
The rhythmic, amber luster OF a sono.
Spring ornament OF blue, white hecktng
clouds,
The ample kettle hung above the fire,
The pungent smell OF liquid bubbling
soap
And Dapors rising In teathery spirs.
Her constant creed OF eper- -spotless n,ien
To keep, tCithin -. Utthout, her house,
hold clean.
ROSE MYRA PHILLIPS,
Evening star., 1946-04-10

Private information from Paris indi-
Gates that the countrys economic sit
uation Is still bad. But, according to
these unbiased reports, hunger and
privations are being used extensively
for political propaganda and are playing
100 per cent in the hands Of the Com
munist party, headed by Messrs Thorez
and Duclos, not only in the Paris region
but throughout the provinces.
Much stress is being placed in the
reports about the forthcoming elections,
which students of French political af-
fairs regard as test between the
Communist penetration and the good
old republican sense" of the mass of
the French voters.
According to persons recently returned
from France, the Communists will win"
regardless of the outcome of the voting.
If the Communists capture the over
whelming majority in the Assembly,
no violent coup d'etat will be necessary.
If the other parties together obtain
even slim majority, there is strong
probability that the dynamic Communist
leaders will take over the government
by force, if necessary.
In the meantime they are making
every effort to get the bulk Of the popu-
lation on their side by skillful maneu-
vers. They know that the most i'm
portant concern OF every Frenchman
today is not politics but food
France is not undergoing actual star
vation. but is suffering from what,
psychologically, is worse-major priva-
tions. In order to assist the Communist
party, Russia has promised the French
people 100000 tons of wheat out of its
own depleted larder. One per cent of
the promised quantity has reached the
port Of Marseille, where high French
officials received the cargo with en-
thuSiastic speeches in the presence of
the Soviet Ambassador Bogomolov. The
fact that an American ship also reached
the harbor with 5000 tons of American
wheat received no official notice.
r x
Neither French officials, the Ameri-
can Ambassador nor even the consul at
Marseille arranged similar propaganda
ceremony to point out to the hungry
Frenchmen that the United States is as
concerned with their well-being as the
Russians. We are told that no Official
demonstration was arranged because
we do not stoop to such types of cheap
propaganda.
In the meantime Communist clubs
are being organized in Frances rural
districts, and particularly in small towns,
with particular stress on recruiting wo-
men for the cause. For the first time
in the history of France the women
Evening star., 1946-04-10
Sugar Cut Restored

The Senate Finance Committee is
to be congratulated on its decision
to restore the full amount of the
Philippine sugar quota prior to plac-
ing its stamp of approval on the
Philippine trade bill
In move which could have bene-
fitted only Cuban sugar interests, the
House Ways and Means Committee
had ordered the quota reduced from
85O,O00 to 100000 long tons after the
expiration of the trade period
to follow Philippine independence.
Upon further consideration, the
House committee modified its action
by providing that the quota should
be fixed at 850,OOO short tons, which
had the effect of ordering a reduc-
ton of 10000 long tons, and this &C
tion was upheld in the House.
This picayunish cut, which could
be of little economic Importance to
the Cuban producers or any one else,
but which was fully capable of hav-
Ing seriously adverse effect on our
future relations with the Filipinos,
did not get through the House with
out meeting a persuasive challenge.
Representative Dingell of Michigan
had this to say: Some may think
that this (cut) will benefit domestic
interests. I come from State which
produces a considerable amount of
beet sugar. I cannot see how this
proposed action will benefit Michi-
gan by one pound of beet sugar.
Even If it did, could not in good
conscience approve this niggardly
action, which tells the world that
we are weighing in the balance 1922
600 short tons of sugar quota against
the unlimited heroism and sacrifices
OF great people in the cause of de-
mocracy. What a cheap way of pay
ing off our obligation! What a
miserly way of reckoning our debt
to heroic people!"
The sentiments expressed by the
Michigan Congressman presumably
were held by the members of the
Senate committee, and they will be
shared by all who will give this
matter the consideration it de-
serves. 1t is to be hoped that the
Senate will support its committee,
and that the House will be won over
to the Senate's point of view when
the measure goes to conference.
Evening star., 1946-04-10
Greeks Getting Gifts
By Rav,n ond M0Iev

Russia did nothing to quell the out
breaks. Also, Russia complained about
British influence in Greece at the Lon
don meeting early this year.
The dilemma of the British Labor
party is serious. The Labor govern
ment Is committed to the defense of a
Greek regime which is utterly unlike
everything that the British Labor party
has advocated. There is open criticism
OF the Attlee government in Labor
circles. We may see, in Greece, the
major test of the Labor government.
That test is whether Socialist govl
ernment at home will ultimately be
consistent with imperialism abroad. 1t
is going to take some fantastic dialectic
to explain such position. In fact.
Socialist leaders will have to eat gar
gantuan meals of their own past ut
terances.
The Greek situation has domestic
angles quite separate from military
strategy. The country is poor over
populated and underfed The Greece of
Pericles had to feed itself from Asiatic
colonies. Modern Greece has none of
those ancient bEeadbaskets. After World
War I, Greece lived on borrowed
money. And in 1888 the Greek minister
came to the State Department and
pleaded inability to pay the relatively
small sum of $4,000.
We are now, despite past Greek de-
faults, helping once more The Import
Export Bank is getting ready to lend,
and Britain is probably going to lend,
too This joint rescue party should, In
justice to American taxpayers, be man
aged with some prudence. We must get
some assurance that Greece intends to
produce something besides civil war.
released By The Associated Newspapers, Ins.)