Evening star., 1946-04-23
By Thomas R. Henry

as IN the phlloSophy OF sclellCI'
Isaiah Bowman, president OF JUL n1n
Hopkins University, told the at na
tional Academy of Sciences iiie'
ing here last night. ~ view
The scientist and POLITICAL; I;,,orse -
social questions from Wlaeis The
points of view, he deciaIeuit. or
latter acts largely from n.,i nd diverse
judgment based on Wloe aree a- con-
experience, to some in,nuIses
trolled by humanltarla.n,. ~ annlica >
free from debate and 5ords llie a.
tion Ton of certain social stanoaroS' ne
said. ,,o declared tho
,. IA e,.;terion of morality is agree
ment after deoate' ,,ooest;o
eaid that we get tougn with those
s<ho, s,o ~ nroerams do not agree with
M.l0oG oua But to wage war success
e,,I,,. our there must be national unity.
War @ must be willed by all"
weakness and Strength.
Dr Bowman pointed out that
many in Congress were blocking ex-
tension of the draft up to the time
of the Pearl Harbor attack. It
would have been practically impos-
sible for America to have gone to
war when there was such a large
element of disagreement, he said.
But. he added. this is both the
weakness and the strength of a
democracy. In the end it means
that right creates might.
From the same viewpoint, he said
the preservation of peace in a world
democracy requires that peace be
"Willed' by all nations.
Or. G. B. klStiakoWsky of Harvard
University told the academy that
RDX, explosive developed during
the war, has proved approximately
oO per cent more powerful than TINT
This substance is especially valu-
able in causing greater shock waves
and giving a much higher velocity
to shell fragments.
BY mixing with various other ma
terials it can be tailored" to almost
any military use.
DR.. KistiakoWsky who was associ-
avn "Ae4l S4lC IA lllN . ChplOSlfCS uC-
velopment program. indicated that
still more powerful explosives, eX-
Cludlng the atom bomb, are avail
able but are still on the secret list
(. Farben Breakup Plans Described.
: The titanic I. G. -Farbenindustrie
the great German industry that is
credited with playing major part
In bringing Hitler to power and
whose enormous force of statesmen
probably constituted the nuclei Of
fifth columns all over the world. is
due to be broken up into small COM
petitive groups which will be e.
sentially poWerless. the academy was
told by DR.. Roger Adams of the Uni
versity of Illinois. He has just re-
turned from a survey of the present
status of chemistry in Germany.
So far as destruction Of its fac
tories are concerned, he said the
giant corporation probably could get
back to at least 10 per cent full
operation in six months. Somehow
bombers seemed to miss IG plants
although they caused enormous de-
struction of buildings around them,
Some of the largest factories of the
concern which employed 80 per cent
of all German chemists and chemical
engineers before the war we're COM
pletely untouched.
This leaves cut Of consideration
the possibility of obtaining coal, raw
materials and skilled labor, DR..
Adams said. All four occupying
powers are agreed that the great
industry must go and its subsid-
iaries placed in position where
they cannot regain their export
trade for many years. The delay
in opening probably will be greatest
in the American occupation zone
because of the severe denazifcation
program which prevents many
skilled chemists getting back to
work. he Seid.
Wide Quest for Malaria Cure.
One of the creates psychological
experiments ever undertaken was
that of the Army Air Forces in
selecting personnel during the war,
the academy was told by Col. J. C
Flanagan. director of the work.
The equivalent of an infantry
regimeat of chemists and pharma-
cologisto prepared and tested more
than $4,000 drugs to find suppress
SAINTS or cures for malaria during
the war, but out of the entire lot
found only a promising few.
This work was described before
the academy yesterday by lad
ers in this battle against one of the
worlds most devastating maladies-
Dr.. c. S. Marvel of the University of
Illinois and DR.. j. A. Shannon of
the Squibb Institute for Medical
Research.
With the Japanese advances
through the Pacific in 1912, supplies
of quinine were cut off almost COM
pletely. There were two known
types Of drug, both in bad repute.
which replaced it to some degree
plasmoquin and atabrine. One was
highly poisonous but cured relaps-
ing malaria. The other was only a
suppressant of symptoms and was
reported also to be rather poisonous.
Work at 25 Laboratories.
Under the National Research
Council alone. $50 expert chemists
worked full time at 25 universities
and foundation laboratories. AS
many more employees of drug manu-
featuring firms also were employed
full time. About half the drugs ex-
amined were chemical preparations
from the side shelves of manufac-
tUrcrs for which no use was known
and whose properties had not been
studied. This was undertaken with
the history in mind of sulfanilamide
which had been in existence as an
untested dye for almost a half CEN
tury before its revolutionary medi-
cal properties were discovered by
series OF accidents. The other half
were chemicals made up in the labo-
ratories for the first time-some
with logical theories in mind and
some purely on lunches. Hundreds
of variations on simple chemical
. formulae we're introduced.
The vast majority of all these
preparations proved worthless. It
was demonstrated that atabrine was
o1, cHorti1o IL,