davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-05-16
National Debt Cut
Tops 1919-30 Period
BY the Assoeiotsd Press


In four month period of this
year a bigger cut will be made ir
the national debt than in an 1l-yeal
period after the first World War.
A big difference is that this
time reductions are being made out
of idle borrowed funds while the
Government is still operating in the
red. Retirements after the other
war were achieved by surpluses ot
income over spending. And the
debt now is SO big that percentage
wise the reduction is only a frac-
ton of the cut made in the '20s.
However, the reductions made OF
announced so far this year will
mean a savings in future interest
payments amounting to $l45, ,000, ,00C
year.
This was assured yesterday by a
Treasury announcement that an
other $3,S54 500 900 will be retired
during June by cash redemption OF
maturing Government securities.
The order brings to about $10,2l2,-
000,0 900 the debt retirement accom-
plished or projected for March l.
June IS, compared with a $9,297,-
100000 reduction between the close
of fiscal 1919 and 1880.
The March-June payof will drive
the debt down to the vicinity of
1863 ,000, 100000 for reduction OF
around 4 per cent from the record
high set February %.
The 11-year reductions after the
last war dropped the debt from
$25, ,482 100000 on June 30, 1919, to
SIG, lbs, 100000 on June 80, 1880. a
reduction of more than IS per cent
Evening star., 1946-05-16

said the hospital needed construc-
tion to take care Of 100 new beds.
Columbia Hospitals case was pre-
sented by Capt. Chester Wells
president of the board, and Col. N
l.. McDiarmid, superintendent. They
emphasized that Columbia grounds
and building at Twenty-fourth and
L streets NV, were paid for origi-
nally and are now owned by the
Government. The Government now
contributes IS. 900 year to the in
stitution, they said.
Capt. Wells. touching on the gen.
eral hospital picture, said there
were II hospitals here not operated
by the Government, most of which
are in need of replacement or
renovation. He explained that while
Columbia was owned by the Gov
ernment 1t was operated by the
Board of Trustees responsible for
its financing.
Fleming Letter Discussed.
Representative O'Hara, Republi-
can. Of Minnesota, questioned each
witness, expressing his personal in
terest in improving the situation.
He drew from representatives of
Casualty and Columbia testimony
to show their need for help on their
own sites.
Mr.. Johnstone read into the record
the recently disclosed letter from
Maj Gen. Philip B. Fleming, head
of the Federal Works Agency, which
charged that District hospital con-
ditions generally were "deplorable
and urged that Congress appro-
pirate money to meet the situation
here. The District of Columbia, the
letter said, deserved special treat
ment as to hospitals" It also recon-
mended that provision be made not
only for the hospital center In the
Tydings bill but that the needs OF
other hospitals be considered.
Asked by committee members If
the FWA had investigated these
other hospitals outside the center.
Mr.. Johnstone said that the privato
hospitals, with a few exceptions, "
Evening star., 1946-05-16
Housing Center
Continued From First Page.

John Ihlder, executive officer of
the National Capital Housing Au-
thority, today said he had received
a letter two weeks ago from the
District Commissioners in which
they said they could not finance the
service.
Trade Board Rejects Plan.
An effort to gain financial backing
from the Washington Board of
Trade also failed, Mr.. Ihlder said
THE Commissioners suggested to
me that NCHA take it over" Mr.
Ihlder said, "but we couldn't do it
because we don't have the money. -
A new group now is entering the
fight, it was revealed today. Mr.
Brylawsh said that Lewis Colbert
yesterday was appointed chairman
Of subcommittee Of the Veterans
Emergency Housing Committee tc
confer with the District Commits
sioners.
The center was set up in March
1941, jointly by the District Com
missioners and the Washington
Board of Trade. with WPA paying
Evening star., 1946-05-16
Hospitals
Continued From First Page.)

counsel Of the Federal Works Ad-
ministration. said his agency had
compiled a mass of information
on such needs. He added the re-
Gently completed health and hos
pital survey for the Metropolitan
Health Council OF the Council of
Social Agencies. presented a very
complete picture Of the needs of all
hospitals here.
Report Available in 10 Days.
District Commissioner Guy Mason
told the committee that the hos
pital section of the hospital survey
report had not been made public in
full, but should be available within
10 days.
The committee opened its session
by listening to representatives of
other private hospitals cite their
needs. The first witness was Miss
Elizabeth NJ Rogers, superintendent
of Casualty Hospital. who asked for
Federal aid to replace her institu-
tons "antiquated" building. She
Evening star., 1946-05-16
Britain Makes Arrangement.
For Rotioninq of Bread

LONDON, May Is (P.-E. P. Stac-
poole, press association parlia-
mentary correspondent, today re-
ported that administrative arrange
ments were being made for bread
rationing in Britain, but added that
such a step would be taken only as
q last resort.
Evening star., 1946-05-16
u. NJ.
Continued From First Page.)

against renewed discussion Of the
Russian -Iranjan issue.
Two Items on Agenda.
The Council agepda for today listed
only two high lights: Cd new rules
section providing for strict secrecy
over confidential meetings and doc
uments, and 90 United States
proposal to defer the admission of
new member nations. which would
block the Russian-suported appH-
cation of Albania.
The rules makers, following Stet-
tinius' suggestions based on the U.
NJ Charter. provided that an ap-
pllcant must swear allegiance to the
U. N. principles and pass muster be-
fore the Council as a loving
state"
Britain was opposed to Albania s
application, which was tabled at the
London U. N. meetings. and yester-
day the Vatican City newspaper
l. 'OsServatore Romano asseI. ted that
"a reign of terror and persecution
rules Albania"
Spain Committee Meets.
In Albania the most elementary
and human rights are trampled
upon and, under the pretext of "po-
litical action" the government has
proceeded to the expulsion Of mis-
sionaries and nuns and breeds real
hate for everything religious and
especially Catholic" the paper said
The Councils subcommittee on
Spain, meeting this afternoon, was
offered a Spanish underground re-
port that Pablo Velasco, a leader in
the Spanish National Confederation
OF Labor, was tortured and slain
April 20 for refusal to divulge the
names OF his companions at a meet
ing of the Spanish underground
movement to which he was carry
ing documents"
The report was presented by Jesus
Gonzalez Malo, New York, who de-
scribed himself as secretary of the
Spanish National Confederation of
Labor and said he had fed Spain
three years ago.
The subcommittee has announced
1t would accept all preferred infor-
nation concerning the Franco re-
gime and said that underground
documents would be received sub
Ject to the proof of their authen-
ITCHY.
CAIRO, May l6 (P,.-A delega-
ton representing various Sudanese
parties suggested today that Egyp-
tian demands for British evacua-
ton OF the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
be laid before the United Nations
Security Council if current nego-
tiationS for revision of the 1886
treaty with Britain fail.
Evening star., 1946-05-16

ago. Supplies Of other fats-such
as lard, shortening, margarine,
salad oils-are expected to continue
short for balance of 1916.
Fruits--For the year as a whole
fresh and canned fruit supplies are
not expected to differ much from
l945, but somewhat larger quantities
of frozen fruits and canned fruit
juices will be available.
Vegetables-Fresh and processed
vegetable supplies are expected to
be about the same as last year on
per capita basis.
Sugar-Current supplies are in
creasing over the very low levels of
the winter months. But per capita
supplies for the whole year are ex-
pected to be about the same as 70
pounds consumed last year.
Evening star., 1946-05-16
Continued From First Page)

cent greater than the average fol
the prewar period of 1868.
Supplies during the next several
months are expected, however, te
drop below the yearly average leve,
because Of seasonally small guam
titles of some cereal products, po-
tatoes, sweet potatoes, meats, fats
sugar, canned fruits and canned
fish.
Against relatively short spring and
summer supplies in these items, the
bureau said, will be record or near
record per capita quantities of vese-
tables, poultry, eggs, fresh and frozen
fish, canned fruit juices, cheese, fluid
milk and cream, ice cream and swim
milk products.
Production May Equal 1943.
The bureau said 1916 production
of food crops and livestock is now
estimated to be about one-third
above the average for 1935-1939. II
this estimate proves correct, 1916
food production would about equal
that of 1943 and be exceeded only
slightly by the record production in
1914 and 1915.
The bureau said the nutritive
value of the per capita food supply
is expected to be close to the 1945
figure. It said the number of calories
available per person per day will
average about $500, compared with
$3.50 in 1945 and with $3.50 in the
1s35-l93s period.
Government limitations on sup
plies of -four and other consumer
wheat products will have no signifi-
cant effect, the bureau said, on per
capita nutritive supplies for the year
as a whole.
UNRRA Director General La
Guardia, however, came forward
with suggestions yesterday on how
he thought those limitations could
be made more effective for famine
relief purposes. -~--z ~ s~ ps {qry--.s X
At a news conference he recon-.
mended farmers be required" te
market their grain, and not feed il
to livestock. He also proposed still
darker bread and a moratorium on
pastry for all Americans.
On the darker bread, Mr.. La
Guardia's s idea was that millers be
compelled to extract 80 per cent OF
the wheat kernel in manufacturing
-four, as against the 80 per cent now
required, and the 72 per cent utilized
before the food emergency became
acute.
Major Items Outlook.
The Bureau of Agricultural Eco
nomics, in its survey of the coun-
try's food situation, reported the
outlook on major commodities as
follows:
Meats-Supplies will be far short
Of demand at ceiling prices during
the next few months. Production
will be down somewhat because o1
the usual seasonal decline in mar.
ketings. Government procurement
for relief commitments will be sub.
stantial Areas dependent on in.
shipments will be particularly hit
IVY t4AC oAlOA CdSCc VI GllC llCAI 1SN
months. Supplies will increase ir
the fall with increased marketing.
of livestock.
Poultry and eggs-Large supple.
during the coming months will b,
particularly important in supple.
menting short supplies of meats.
Dairy products-Supplies will b,
more plentiful during the sprin,
and summer than in recent months
but for the year as a whole they will
be insufficient to meet consume
demands.
Butter Supply May Increase.
Fats and oils dncluding butter)-
Supplies of butter will increas
somewhat during spring and sum
mer, but will be at a low level i,
fall and winter. Production i
running third less than yea
Evening star., 1946-05-16
Chinese Food Minister
AppeoIs for Conservation

NANKING, May is P.-Food
Minister Hsu Kan. pointing to the
daily worsening of China's famine
situation, appealed to his country
men yesterday for the utmost con-
servation of available supplies and
said the next two months would
be critical ones.
His words were given ominous en-
phasis by reports from Canton that
600 bodies of starvation victims had
been picked up in its streets during
the first 10 days of this month, and
that the death toll was running as
high as ITO daily.
The price of rice in Canton scared
to new high of $4,000 national
currency (about IS fAmerican per
picul Q33 pounds. =.
Evening star., 1946-05-16

planned. Admiral Blandy will sail
aboard his flagship for Bikini next
week. 49,
Evening star., 1946-05-16

will be supplemented tomorrow with
offshore fire by the battleship Mis-
souri, and contingent of cruisers
and destroyers The operation will
shift on Saturday to Medic Mundo
on the east coast of Puerto Rico
where about 5000 Marines will
storm the beach.
The 9th Fleet is due to arrive in
New York on May 27. It's entry into
the Hudson River will be preceded
by an aerial parade of planes
launched from the decks of the
Carriers Roosevelt, Midway ano
Princeton.
Evening star., 1946-05-16

salaries and the District financing
rent, ONCE supply costs and the
salary of the director.
MIA took over operation costs in
June, 1912, which totaled about s75,-
600 in the last year. There are 81
employees, including director, assist
ant director. % interviewers, 9 list
ing clerks. 2 inspectors and a clerical
worker
Evening star., 1946-05-16

according to the investigation, could
not provide the necessary capital
funds for improvements. ~ E
Evening star., 1946-05-16
Blondy in Pearl Hurbor

PEARL HARBOR, May l6 (P,.-
Vice Admiral w. H. P. Blandy ar
rived yesterday to take command of
the atomic bomb task force and an
nounced that all three tests would
be made at Bikini as originally
Evening star., 1946-05-16
Muneuvers
rrron, F;re+ p.oa

(COntlnued From First Page)
said he was well satisfied" with the
way all the ships in the fleet are
performing during the war games
The aerial assault on Culebra
will continue throughout today and
Evening star., 1946-05-16
Rutions
Continued From First Page }

Of barley and 10000 tons of po-
tatoes to the British zone in the
next five weeks in an effort to
reduce the threat of starvation.
This would provide an average of
17ia pounds of grain and 20
pounds of potatoes for the 9,000,-
O00.)
The ration slash in the American
zone was made entirely from the
bread allowance. which was cut
oae-third. The Germans will re-
ceived % pounds of bread weekly
instead of 33 pounds.
Greatest Crisis in RatiOninS."
The new zonal food commissioner
DR.. Hermann Robert Dietrich, said
the decision was harsh, but COM
mented:
This is the greatest crisis in
rationing we have faced since the
war ended q year ago. The critical
period will continue at least until
the next harvest, September 30"
He appealed to all farmers Ito
come to the aid of the hungry city
people"
The new American zone scale con-
tinues to be higher than, the aver
ages of 1000 calories in the British
and French zones, but less than the
Official Soviet zone ration of 1900
to 1,400 calories.
The minister presidents rejected
a suggestion made last week by 1t.
Gen. Lucius D. Clay, American
deputy military governor, that they
maintain the caloric level by using
substitutes for bread. They viewed
that course as likely to endanger
their reserves of other foods.
Increased Death Rate Seen.
German food rations in the Brit.
ish zone are now at the near
starvation level of 1850 calories per
day.
The British administrators told
press conference the further reduc-
ton might be necessary unless ad-
ditional food is imported between
now and this years harvest. A mill
tary government health officer said
the present ration scale is not suf-
f1cient to maintain health over a
period of time.
He said it was expected that the
overall death rate, which rose
sharply in April from IL per thou
sand per annum to IA per thousand
per annum, would show further
severe increases during the summer.
The majority OF Germans have
until now been able to avert actual
starvation by drawing on stocks
accumulated before the end of the
war, a food ofiicial said, but these
stocks are now definitely exhausted"
and Germans in urban districts will
have to live entirely on rations.
Normal Ration Listed.
To give q picture of what these
rations mean in terms of food con-
sumed daily. he said each German
fonanormalarations eats: ss9.x -
Four and q half slices of bread,
one square inch of meat, one table
spoon of ersatz coffee, one-quarter
pint Of skinned milk, one table,
spoon OF vegetables, one-half cubic
inch Of fat, a half teaspoon of jam,
a half teaspoon Of sugar.
The normal consumer now re-
ceives no potatoes.
Until now the only Germans
whom we knew to be living entirely
on the ration Of 1000 calories were
those in internment camps" the
public health ofiicial said, "and we
found that their emaciation became
so terrible that something had to be
done about it."
Internment camp rations accord
ingly were increased to 1850 CAL
cries, but nevertheless four internees
in the Paderbord internment camp
died of starvation during April.
Britain Makes Arrangements
Err Rn$;on;nn ~ Qxn~I
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-07-19
New PAC Head

WASHINGTON, July 1S.-WD-
The Congress of Industrial Or
CARNATIONS Thursday named Jack
Knoll a protege of the late Sidney
Hillman, as director of its reor-
ganized Political Action committee
and promised that it would fight
harder than eve to obtain labor's
detectives.
Knoll, 61-year-old president of
the Ohio Industrial council and an
assistant PAC chairman, was not
given Hillman's old job as PAC
chairman. Instead he will serve
as "director'' of the PAC and as
head of a newly-created five-mem-
Der PAC executive board which
will carry out policies laid down
by an enlarged political action
committee.
CLIO President Philip Murray,
who recommended the r~eorganiza-
ton, said that the CLIO executive
board will decide next year wheth-
err the new set up should be made
permanent. The reorganized COM
mittee will hold it's first meeting
here this Saturday..
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-07-19
AlongThe Cape Fear

a landmark, and I don't know that
Mr.. Howard is particularly keen
on becoming a landmark, even IN
twice twenty years, but there is
something inescapahle landmark
ish about him and his moving
picture theatre down in Whining
ton. He and the town may have
other ideas about it, but to me
they are landmarks.
"A hundreds years from now the
heirs and assigns of this depart
ment may be proving around
among the records in a vain en-
deavor to find out who set up the
first moving picture show in North
Carolina. For the good of p%osterity
let it be recorded here that "Fox'
Howard set the Bijou going in Will
mington in 1906. And it is still
going, at the same old stand and
under the same management.
Among the moving picture
palaces of the State the Bijou is
unique in more things than priori-
ty. For one thing the price of ad-
mission has not changed during the
years, save for the interlude of the
war when Mr.. Howard added a
penny to the dime he always
charged. It is still { dime show,
the haven, the mecca of innuner-
See CAPE FEAR on Page IL
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-07-19
WAR PROFIT QUIZ
TO HEAR LEADERS
Mccormick And SABBATH To
Appear In Munitions
Hearing

WASHINuAvN, 10y 18.-R-
House Democratic Leader NC
Cormack of Massachusetts, and
Representative SABBATH (D.-1ll.)
volunte cred Thursday day to ap-
pear before the Senate War In
vestigating committee to answer
testimony about wartime tele-
phone calls between their offices
and the Washington headquarters
Of a munitions combine.
The committee promptly re-
opened its public hearings with a
decision to call Mccormack and
SABBATH, chairman of the House
Rules committee, at 10 am. Fri
day. Chairman Mead Cd. N. "
said that former Representative
Dickstein d. N. " had also
requested an opportunity to tes-
tify, but would be unable to appear
Friday.
Drawn Into Inquiry
The names OF the three were
drawn into the inquiry Wedne sday
in testimony of two former secre-
taries Of the combines sales Of
fees here. They recalled telephone
conversations between the con-
gressional offices and that in
which they had been employed.
There was still no indication that
Representative May (D.-Ky.) would
appear.
The name of the Kentucky con-
gresham, chairman of the House
Military committee, has figured
prominently in the inquiry.
The two former secretaries told
Wednesday of telephone calls be-
tween their office and that of Sen
ate Majority Leader Barley 3D.
Ky.) 1t was brought out during
the testimony, however, that the
calls from B~arkley's office were
See LEADERS on Page Five
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-07-19

The force of M. Molotov's ap-
peal to the German nation to look
to Moscow may seem to be con-
tradicted by his demand for a long
occupation and large reparatlons.
But the Soviet policy is shrewdly
calculated and there is no contra
diction, once we understand that
M. Molotov's immediate object is
to create a situation where the
Germans will not look to the west
ern Powers and must look to Mos
COW for the fulfillment of their ma
tional ambitions.
He has, as I sought to point out
in the preceding article, done this
on the vital subject of Germany
frontiers. In the west 1t Is now
Russia which is the protector OF
the territorial unity Of the Reich:
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-07-19
Front Street
In
Highway Plan
State To Pay For Work Ia
Be Done By City Of
Wilmington
TO REMOVE HAZARD
Officials Also Promise
Survey On Proposed
Truck Route
BY r HIRSCH

The long = proposed inter-
section of Front street and
Third street at Greenfield
lake was approved by the
S t a t e Highway commission
yesterday at a special Will
mington highway conference
between City Manager j. R. Ben
son and four highway commission
officials.
The officials also promised Ben
son an immediate survey by COM
mission engineers for a through
truck route skirting the city.
The Greenfield lake street inter
section, long a dire need, will be
undertaken in the immediate flu
ture'' by City Engineer ]. A
Loughlin, Benson said. Loughlir
already has the intersection map
ped out on paper.
Highway Allotment
Although the city will do the &C
tual work, the entire project viii
be financed from funds in Whining
toms State highway allotment, Ben
son said.
Under the intersection plan
Third street, known as Caroli1;
Beach road beginning at the inter
See EXTENSION on Page Five
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-07-19
VAA TO MAINTAIN
OFFICE FOR VETS
CTS Will Be Able To Apply
For Surplus Goods
Here

A War Assets administration Of
lice to handle the disposal of sur
plus war goods to veterans of the
United States armed forces will
be established in the U. S. Custom
house here about August 1, it was
disclosed yesterday by Harold
Porter, Customhouse building sup
erintendent, after a. Wednesday
conference with j. K. McMahan,
EAA official from Charlotte.
Certify Applications
Speaking from Charlotte yester-
day afternoon, one of McMahan's
assistants said the Wilmington Of
lice will both receive and certify
veterans applications for the sur
plus goods.
Among these goods, he said, are
automobiles, trucks, farm equip
rnent, dental and medical appara-
rus, and a host of other CONNER
clal and industrial commodities.
These articles may be obtained
lot either personal or business
uses, he added.
Four State Offices
Inc Wilmington office will be
one Of at least four such estab-
eSnfnents il the State, ne said
snarlotte and Raleigh already have
y office, and Greenville is slated
nr one soon.
See WAA on Page Five