davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-02-11

II President Trumans imposition of
wheat controls and informal rationing
comes as shock to the American peo-
pie, 1t is only because the facts about
conditions in Europe have not been
aired, but instead have been suppressed.
Even now, President Trumans order
ooes not illuminate the desperation of
the situation. More can be learned
from discussion which took place in
the Senate January 20, when Senator
Wherry, Republican, of Nebraska intro
duced concurrent resolution, signed
by six other Senators. calling for a Joint
congressional group to make an official
visit to Germany and other places to
obtain information regarding conditions.
and actions which might be taken to
improve them
The resolution states: Whereas. re-
ports reaching the United States from
both Europe and Asia indicate that the
policies of the major victors are subject
ing millions to mass starvation; and
whereas, the United States has been
party to commitments and agreements
reached among the victor powers which
have led to these conditions; and where
as, Congress has been bypassed and the
American people ignored in the formu-
lation and implementation of these pol
icieS; and whereas, it is essential that
Congress should obtain necessary infor-
nation to request the President to take
executive action therefore be it re-
solved =" Whereupon follows the
proposal for firsthand study and report.
The discussion attending the intro
duction Of this resolution brought out
innumerable facts regarding hunger and
health conditions, especially in Ger
many, and revealed that attempts to
interest the administration, both by
congressional groups and by various
overseas millions of the Christian
churches, and Mrs. Dwight Morrow's
Food for Freedom" had been coldly
received in the White House. The dis
cussion occupies IL pages in the Con-
greSsional Record, and the facts revealed
were not challenged by any one, but no
news service carried the story.
x Il X
The only organized attempts to tell
the American people the facts about
starvation conditions have come from
outside the Government, and in order
to get real light it has been necessary
to read church publications, like the
Christian Century, the Commonweal,
the Unitarian and Quaker reports, ETC.,
all of which have been predicting, since
fall, exactly the state of affairs that the
President now, very late, admits, and
now, very late. takes steps to rectify.
The situation was thoroughly aired in
the British House of Commons as far
back as October, but our administration
made no move further to publicize the
facts or to follow the warnings of Sir
Arthur Salter that wheat stocks must be
Evening star., 1946-02-11
New Housing Program
BY Raym ond NJ oIey

Former Housing Administrator John
B. Blandford, jr., did not do so well when
it became evident that new homes would
have to be provided for 3,50O,000 re-
turned GIs and war workers. Expedit-
ing was necessary, and so the President
appointed an expediter, Wilson w.
Wyatt. Mr.. Blandford and his associ-
ateS had forecast that in 1916 no more
than 100000 dwellings could be made
available This was a very meager Of
fering,i since that number would only
suffice to provide for the natural growth
of the population. The emergency in
1947 would have been sharper than the
present lone.
Mr. Wyatt hoisted the sights. He
promises a cool million by the end of
1916 and 100000 more in 1947. If this
number materializes, any previous per-
formance in this or any other country
will be exceeded. It will more than
double any previous development in this
country in the same period. In 1929
about 100000 dwellings were built.
Y X y
Mr.. Wyatts program for the accom-
plishment of his task is reported to in
clude the following:
/. Guaranteed markets for material
producers, with bonuses for those who
exceed their quota.
2. Material producers are to be pro-
vided with subsidies to absorb wage in
creaseS.
8. The Government proposes to take
the risks necessary in experimenting
with new materials and construction
methods.
4. The Government will recruit and
train 1.500, 900 new workers In material
production and construction.
s.. Tax incentives are to be provided
for new Arms which will use surplus war
plants for the production of materials
Evening star., 1946-02-11
Brown and Kent Approved

To the Editor OF The Star:
7 wish to express my highest COM
mendation for the splendid articles of
Constantine Brown. He is not only by
far the best-informed commentator on
international matters, but also the most
fearless in his opinions, which are al
ways based on facts.
His article in The Star of February 4
should receive careful attention by all
Government officials who are entirely
too favorable to Communism, not only
in Europe but also in South America
and China.
I also wish to say that as a political
commentator, I admire F. r. Kent for
his excellent criticism Of the New Deal.
DORE WALTEN,
Evening star., 1946-02-11
Urges Firmness Toward Soviet

To the Editor of The Star:
1t seems q strange commentary on
our so-called Christian civilization every
nation has war department but not
one a peace department.
The idea promoted by the bright
eyed brigade that liberty can be at
tanned by bribing foreign nations to
be good reveals to what idiotic ex-
tremes we have gravitated.
Wars originate in the minds of men,
and will continue as long as greed, self
interest, jealousy and hatred endure.
Has this fact been forgotten?
A peace department should be estab-
lished in order to seek to promote better
feeling. But this does not mean we
must maintain "Caspar Milquetoast'
attitude toward Red Russia. A firm
stand on our part merits respect but
the opposite forfeits it.
EDMUND K. GOLDSBORoUGH.
Evening star., 1946-02-11

hero in the form of an artificial hill
hundred and fifty feet high with
soil from many different battlefields.
But 1t was not exclusively for any
one nation that Kosciuszko labored.
He was libertarian in the uni
versal sense of the word. Like Jeffer-
son and Lafayette, he sought equality
for all men everywhere. It is in
that respect that he should be re-
membered particularly on the BIZ
centenary of his birth.
Evening star., 1946-02-11
The Genius

Ho'o lonely lies the way OF him who
Ddlks
The nayroto footpdth to the mountain
topt
He goes In silence. kno,Ding IL he talks
He Is not understood; they only stop
And stare and shake their heads, and
sometimes mock.
Hoso cold and desolate the ,oinds that
blotD
Around his toDerIng ptnnacles Of
thought;
There is no outstretched hand to help
him 90,
There is no warmth OF word NTH
comfort tspught,
And all he has to sleep on is rock.
He understands language sharp and
clear;
He sees uision which hts sense de-
bars,
And yet he knotes that 1t b real and
near,
And tdkes his lonely pdthpdy 10 the
starsi HELEN ROWE HENzE.
Evening star., 1946-02-11
On Finuncino
Bv David Laurence Q
From the Great Bend (Ksns) Tribune.
The ouar,r> >nox.~,-I..

From the Great Bend (Ksns) Tribune
The average conservative home care
fully budgets its living. But in city,
State or Federal Government it believes
In fairies and thinks its can spend itself
into prosperity. It SCOTS at Naziisna,
fasciSm, communism or socialism and
then turns around and follows some
Pied Piper with crackpot ideas and is
as happy and thrilled as any fanatic.
Must people have a revolution or be-
come ruined through imitation to come
to their senses2 Right now they are
trying to add up 2 and and make 10,
Evening star., 1946-02-11

ing our power in realistic relation"
to our international commitments.
It will cost good deal of money,
but Congress and the American
people will be wise to support 1t un-
til the peace is stabilized and the
atoms revolutionary effects become
clearer
Evening star., 1946-02-11

People who deliberately go out on
icy sidewalks when they could stay
at home may not deserve to get
broken legs for so doing, but it can
not be argued that they are inno-
cent of a contributory negligence
In the circumstances.
Evening star., 1946-02-11
Growine-Up Boby

From the st. Louis Post-Dispatch.
Now there's 4-year-old pinup girl.
That's getting close to the age when
pinning up Is not merely compliment
but necessity.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-23
American Bar Calls
For Swift Passage
OF D. {. Suffrage Bill
Resolution DepIores
Lack of BuIIot for
100000 Citizens

Strong support for the District
suffrage campaign was given by
the American Bar Association
today when it petitioned Con-
gress to promptly approve the
national rep
resentation resolution and sub
nit it to the States. for ratifica-
ton.
The Bar Association resolution,
filed with the House District Com
mittee, and adopted by the assem-
bly, and the house of delegates of
the association at it's December con-
vention at Cincinnati, states in part {:
More than 100000 citizens of the
District are deprived of all partici-
patton in their local and national
Governments and although they are
obligated and subscribe to all duties
of American citizenship, they lack
the privilege of voting for those who
govern their municipality and Ma
ton.
Population Exceeds States.
"The population of the District
is in excess of that of IL of the
sovereign States, with voting age
residents exceeding each of IS States
in 1910, paying annually $4,000, 00l
more national taxes than nine States
combined and more than each of 2s
States.
THE District is represented in the
Nations fighting forces by more
than $4,000 disfrancllised sons who
were rendered ineligible to state
their choice in the recent national
elections, and more than TIT oil
these valiant boys have already
made the supreme sacrifice for theil
country, with thousands of others
wounded in action.
Every other national capital ir
the world has full representation Of
it's residents in the councils of the
nation, the City of Washington beine
unique in the disfranchisement o!
its people. >"
Earlier today representatives Of
the Washington, D. c.. Post, Ameri.
can Veterans of World War II, Wis.
lifted the Capitol to urge COMPRESSION.
al support for the Sumner-Cappel
resolution.
Headed by Stuart j. Barnes, posi-
adjutant, the delegation called al
(See SUFFRAGE, Page A-50
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-23
ACCOMPLISHMENTS;
Warmer Weather Predicted

The mercury was due to push
above the freezing mark today after
dropping to new low for the win
ter-I4 degrees-at 7 am.
The Weather Bureau predicted
fair and not quite so cold" with a
high temperature of about IS de-
grees.
This mornings drop, which con-
WINGED many Washington motorists
they did not have enough antifreeze
in their cars, was 4 degrees below
the previous low. The thermometer
went to 10 on January Is. Tonight
will be fair, and tomorrow will be
cloudy and warmer, the forecaster
said.
While the Capital shivered in it's
coolest morning of the season, most
other cities enjoyed a break in the
weather. Many experienced unsea-
|sonably mild conditions, the Asso-
ciated Press reported.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-23
Truman Presents Honor Medals
O'CuIIuhun, Three Others

Two men who played heroic roles
aboard the blazing aircraft carrier
Franklin-Comdr Joseph T. O'Cal-
lahan, the chaplain, and 1t. Donald
Arthur Gary, engineer oficer-today
received the Congressional Medal
of Honor from President Truman.
you did your duty to God and
man." the President told Comdr.
O'Callahan, the first chaplain in the
armed forces to receive the medal.
Two other war heroes also re-
ceived the Nations highest award
for valor from the President. They
are LIST 1t. Donald w. Lee, Alma,
Ga, = platoon leader in the It'll
Army, and Sergt. John r. McKin-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-23

wage demands rejected by the pack
ers. Strike action was initiated by
$4,000 CLIO United clearinghouse
Workers and they were joined in the
strike by about 10000 members of
the AFL Meat Cutters Union.
The strike was concentrated
against the five largest packing firms
Armour, Swift. Wilson, Cudahy
and Morrell
About $50 Plants Involved.
Harry Reed, head of the Agricul-
ture Departments livestock branch
who probably will direct Govern
ment operation of the industry, esti-
mated that something under" 15C
plants would be involved in the
seizure He said that from 81 to s.
per cent of federally inspected
plants are shut down by the strike
and that livestock slaughtered un-
der FEDERAL inspection was about
80 per cent of the Nations total.
Discussing the Governments
strategy in announcing seizure so
far in advance, Labor Depart
ment spokesman said the delay
could not be caused by the work
Of drawing up necessary papers,
since department attorneys had been
working 81 such details for several
days.
Neither the industry nor the
unions involved want the Govern
ment to take over the plants, and
officials apparently hoped that be-
cause OF this agreement might be
forthcoming.
The Labor Department was assured
yesterday that 10000 members of the
AFL Meat Cutters Union would re-
turn to work for the Government,
but 1t was not certain that 1893 900
(See MEAT, Page A-50
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-23
Steel Strike Closes
5 Bituminous Mines
In Pennsylvania
Shutdowns Reported
Caused by Lack Of
RoiIroud Cars
Py the Associated Press

PITTSBURGH, Jan. 23.-The
CLOS three-day-old general steel
strike began to curtail coal pro-
duction in the rich bituminous
field of Southwestern Pennsyl-
vania today, with the closing of
five captive mines employing
3,100 men.
Three of the pits are owned by
the Republic Steel Corp. and one
each by United States Steel and
Republic Steel. The shutdowns
raised the total of idle miners in
Pennsylvania and Alabama to nearly
5000. Altogether, IL captive mines
are closed.
The Solid Fuels Administration re-
ported the shutdowns were caused
by lack of railroad cars in which
to transport the coal. STA expected
mine closings would be gradual.
A coal operators spokesman said
steel companies are generally SELL
ing their coal on the commercial
market now, as there is no one to
unload it "at closed steel plants
where normally the fuel is converted
into coke for steel-making.
Tax Revision Demanded.
Meanwhile, revision of Federal
corporation tax laws was demanded
by the CLIO United Steel Workers as
union and management each sought
to marshal public opinion on their
side Of the three-day-old strike.
Philip Murray, president of both
the CLIO and the USW, charged in a
letter to Secretary of the Treasury
Vinson that existing legislation
would give the stalled steel industry
guaranteed profits that are 20 per
cent above the level Of prewar earn
ings" even if it should loaf the
rest of the year-remain absolutely
| idle"
Mr.. Murray's letter to Secretary
Vinson, made public by the Go
USW chief at press conference
last night, declared the steel in
dustry will receive $2O0,000,00O in re-
bates under the 10 per cent refund
provision of the excess profits tax
He added the industry will get
another $149,000,000 from carry
back" tax provisions secretly slipped
through Congress" if it fails to make
any net profit in 1916.
This latter SAG, 900, Mr.. Muir
ray said, represents guaranteed
profits 20 per cent above the level OF
prewar earnings"
Fairless Speaks Tonight.
Benjamin F. Fairless, United
States Steel president, scheduled a
Nationwide radio address at 10
o'clock tonight to present industry's
side of the dispute. And in state
ment he set forth his reasons why
President Humans compromise
proposal for wage increase of
1914 cents an hour, accepted by the
union, was rejected by management.
United States Steel's offer of a
lucent increase, Mr.. Fairless said,
met rs per cent of the unions pro-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-23
Bill Curling PetriIIo's Power
Approved by House Committee

specting government cannot afford
to permit" them.
The legislation would prohibit the
use of threats or force to "coerce,
compel or constrain" a radio station
"to pay or agree to pay" tribute for
the privilege of producing or using
records, prescriptions or mechan-
ical, chemical or electrical repro
auctions. A maximum penalty of a
years imprisonment and $1,000
fine is provided for violations.
Moreover, it would prohibit use of
force or threats to require a broad
caster to employ any person in excess
of the number of employees the sta
ton wants.
Radio stations also could not be
compelled to refrain from broadcast
of noncommercial educational or
cultural programs in which the
participants receive no money except
expenses.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-23

ney, Woodcliff, Ga, a machine gum
ner in the SD Infantry. u.
Gen. Eisenhower, Admiral Nimitz
and other high-ranking officers of
the Army and Navy witnessed the
ceremony, along with relatives and
friends of the men decorated. For
mer associates of Comdr. O'Callahan
at Georgetown University attended.
Mr.. Truman told the gathering
the four men had won the award
"at the risk of their own lives and
without any selfish interest what
ever"
Comdr. O'Callahan, whose home is
in Cambridge. Mass, and who is
(See MEDALS, Page A-5)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-23
vinson Is Nominated
As International Bank
And Fund Governor
Will Clayton Named
As Alternate for
Both Monetary Jobs

President Truman TO-DAY took
the first formal step toward Or
ganization of the International
Bank and International None
tary Fund by sending to the
Senate the name of Secretary Of
the Treasury Vinson to be Amer
lean representative on the Board
Of Governors of both the bank
and the fund for a period of five
years.
Mr.. Vinson in this new post
would retain the Treasury Secre-
taryship.
At the same time the President
nominated Assistant Secretary of
State Will L. Clayton as Mr.. Vim
sons alternate In both positions,
also for a five-year term.
The President also nominated
Assistant Secretary of the Treas
ury Harry D. White as the United
States executive director of the
fund and Emilio G. Callado, chief
of the financial development divi-
sion of the State Department, as
American executive director of the
bank. Both appointments were for
a two-year term.
Under the Breton Woods agree
ment creating the So, 100, 000, 900 bank
and $500, 600, 900 fund, it was pro-
vided that each subscribing nation
would appoint a member of the
board of governors of both institu-
tons. The bank and fund also
will have a 12-man group of execu-
tive directors, composed of repre-
sentatives of the five nations sub
scribing the largest amounts of
capital and seven representing other
members.
The governing boards of both the
bank and the fund will elect chair
men. 1t is widely believed that Mr.
Vinson, as representative of the
member subscribing the largest
amount of capital to both institu-
lions, will be the first man to holo
these posts.
Thus far, "a of the As nations
represented at Breton Woods have
subscribed to the bank and IS tt
the fund.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-23
Gen. Morgan Returns
To London From Reich
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Jan. 23.-Lt. Gen. Sir
Frederick Morgan, UNRRA chief in
Germany who stirred severe crit
icism recently when he told a press
conference that secretly plotted
exodus of Jews from Europe was
under way, returned to London
today.
Gen. Morgan, who refused to make
and public statement, conferred with
UNRRA officials. He is expected to
leave soon for conferences with
UNRRA Director Herbert Lehman
in Washington.
Brig. Gen. w. A. M. Stawell now
is acting UNRRA chief in Germany
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-23
Rail Strike Vote
Slated al Once
215,000 Troinmen to
BoIIot;; Engineers
To Meet Feb. |
BY the Associated Press

By the Associated Press.
CLEVELAND, Jan. ga strike
vote will be taken Immediately
among the 215,000 members of
the Brotherhood of Railroad
Trainmen, A. F. Whitney, presi-
dent, said today.
Alvaney Johnston, grand chief en-
gineer of the Brotherhood of Loco
motive Engineers, said brotherhood
chairmen from each railroad would
meet here February /, land it is a
distinct possibility that they will
authorize strike vote among our
1900 members"
Mr.. Whitney said the membership
strike vote in his brotherhood would
be taken on the question OF two is
sues-a demand for a general wage
increase of Is per cent, and numer-
Gus changes in operating regula-
tons to improve working conditions.
Three Weeks to Be Required.
He estimated that about three
weeks would be required to dis
tribute. collect and count the bal
lots
Then we will serve notice on the
brotherhoods and if we get no offer
we will go into action" Mr.. Whit
pey said.
Our committee chairmen from
each railroad declined an offer of
the National Mediation Board to ar
bitrate the wage issue.
I'VE felt it was necessary to keep
the two issues together-wages and
rule changes. We received the
boards arbitration proposal Mon
day, but could not accept IL" he con-
tinued.
THE board has become an advo-
cate of the railroads by attempting
to force US to relinquish our rules
program. They have attempted to
divide the wages and rules issues
Mr.. Johnston said the present sit
uation was the result of the failure
Of the Mediation Board and the
railroads to meet our demands"
Mr.. Whitney declared I'VE flee
our demands last July "a. The rail.
roads declined to give us a hearing
We were unable to confer with then
until November q.
| Suggested Arbitration.
They tried to force us to with.
draw our rules program" he con.
tinued, land made no honest effor
to negotiate. Then they broke off
and the Mediation Board stepped in
At first the board said it was hope.
less and then they suggested arbi.
tration of the wage ISSUE"
Other railroad brotherhoods. oper.
ating and incorporating, currentl,
are demanding wage increases, bu
Mr.. Whitney said only the trainmer
and locomotive engineers are con.
tinuing to press the issue of rul,
(See RAILROADS. Page A-5.D
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-23
By the Associated Press.

oy Inc hSeocidteu FIeSs.
Legislation which Chairman
Lea said was designed to re-
strain powers of James C. Petril-
10, head of the American Fed
Grafton of Musicians, was ap-
proved today by a 14-5 vote of
the House Interstate Commerce
Committee.
Mr.. Lea is author of the bill
which, according to its title, is aimed
ito prohibit certain coercive prac-
tees affecting radio broadcasting. /"
Mr.. Lea told newsmen the bill
grew out of demands made on broad
casters by Mr.. Petrillo. He said he
considered the demands mot within
the legitimate rights of any organi-
cation" and added that "a self-re-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-23
House Probes Charge
Army Told Drivers
Not to Pass Pickets
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Chairman May today or
dered an immediate House
Military Affairs Committee in
vestigation of charges that
Army truck drivers in the Sd
Service Command have been
ordered not to cross meat
strikers picket lines without
union approval.
Mr.. May said he had in
structed H. Ralph Burton,
committee counsel, to obtain
all Army data on the charge
and have 1t ready for commit
tee study Friday.
"We are going to the bottom
Of this" Mr.. May added.
The charge was made in the
House by Representative Smith,
Democrat, of Virginia, who
read a telegram from the COM
handing general (Maj. Gen.
Manton S. Eddy at Baltimore
directing that until further
orders Army trucks under your
command will not be permitted
to cross picket lines established
by striking meat packing unions
without agreement with To-
cal labor representatives con-
cerned."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-23
BY j. A. O'LEARY and
CARTER BROOKE JONES.

Maj. Gen. Walter C. Short
dropped two new bombshells
into the Pearl Harbor investi-
cation today in support of his
claim that the War Department
deprived him of vital informa-
ton when he was Hawaiian COM
mander in the period just before
Japan attacked in December,
1941.
One was testimony from a pre-
vious secret Army investigation in
which two War Department intel
ligence officers who were supposed
to estimate the moves of the Axis
powers in 1941 did not have access
to the intercepted japanese mes
sages and gave this as their reason
for not forecasting an attack on
Hawaii.
The other was a message pro-
duced by Gen. Short in which Mai.