davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-07-21

senior class In September
Last year the family became
naturalized citizens.
Since that night in camp
when he started playing chess
Hans has studied the plays of
masters of the game and read
their books: Alekhin, worlds
champion from 1927 to his
death a month ago in Portu-
gal; RubinStein of Poland and
Reuben Fine, perhaps the No.
2 chessman in the United
States today. In November,
l943. the young player joined
the Federal Chess Club, win
ming the championship there
last year, and IN 1914 he be-
came a member of the Wash
ington Chess Divan. He
averages" an hour a DAY
playing the game.
But chess is not his only
interest. He likes basket ball,
baseball and football. For
exercise he prefers basket ball.
In the fall of 1914, when
Central's chess team won the
District high school cham
pionship, Hans was a member
and won the individual cham
pionship. A year later he
placed second in the Dlvan
and In the speed champion
ship game.
Asked how he manages to
defeat SO many experienced
players, he said:
Just out euver the
other felloW-and make up
a few rules. There's no for
mula for winning a game of
chess, and certainly do not
win them all"
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-12-13
Tate To Make Official
Visit TO Royal Arch
Masons Here Monday

Harvey Tate OF Tucson. grand
high priest OF the Royal Arch Ma,
sons OF Arizona. will make his of.
fetal visit TO Burning Bush Chap
ter at an oyster supper held In
Masonic temple at Coolidge Mon.
day night
There will be election and In
stallation OF officers at the meet
ing. Walter Dubree OF Phoenix
past grand high priest OF Arizona
and at present a grand officer OF
The grand chapter OF Royal Arch
Masons OF America. will install
the officers. He will be accompa-
MED by 20 members OF Phoenix
Royal Arch Masons.
Paul Diffin OF Florence. is high
priest OF Burning Bush Chapter
Earl Hicks. Coolidge. IS chairman
OF the committee for dinner ar
rangements.
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-12-13

is evident each time the Coolidge
regulars take 10 the floor The
team was very sloppy in the op-
ening practice game against Mo-
rama. but the Ray game showed
that practice was what the basket
squad needed.
Beating out tough Gilbert
team was another evidence OF a
rapidly improving cage bunch for
Coolidge. George Acton appeared
with the regulars for the first
time. after spending most of last
week with the all-state football
team in Tempe. but Guard Kent
McEuen was out with an injury.
The reserves kept up with the
regulars by defeating Ray on Fri
day. and whipping Gilbert 26 to 10
on Tuesday. Friday. the Bear
cagers will travel TO Ray for an
afternoon game. and Hayden for n
night game. No more home games
are scheduled until after Christ
mas vacation
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-12-13

easy 10 the squad. the Gilbert five
proved plenty difficult TO master.
and only q last minute freeze
guaranteed the game for Coolidge
Starring both evenings. forward
Roland Freelaud sank six baskets
and two free throws on Friday
night for seventeen points and ran
up twcnty-three points Tuesday
night
Better and better ball handling
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-12-13

mediately. He said that no action
need be taken until after the COM
ing Christmas holiday and by
hen the new buildings should be
ready for the pupils.
Construction on the classrooms
has been slowed by material short
age. but heating units have been
installed in most OF the rooms.
and when the floors are complet-
ed. the overflow of students
should De eased.
Teachers. it was reported. have
already been hired TO handle the
new classes At the moment. some
classes have as high as seventy
and eighty pupils enrolled One
has ninety-six pupils Enrolment
has steadily increased since Sep
tember due TO the almost daily ar
rival of workers 10 the Eloy dis
,rict to harvest the cotton crop.
Arizona state law demands that
children OF elementary age be
placed in schools. and they have
streamed TO the school in groups
of as many as twenty q day.
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-12-13

OMrs. Elsie Bishop has completed
beauty course at Schenault's 8
School OF Beauty. Tucson. and re-
turned home Thursday. She viii
take the state board examination
Monday. after which she plans TO
be employed IN Coolidge.
OMr. and Mrs. w. B. Newcomb
Of Ray. former Coolidge residents.
were here on business Tuesday
and 10 visit old friends
OMr. and Mrs. $. c. Mcfarland
returned Tuesday from weeks
business trip in Idaho.
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-12-13
Basketball Squad
Defeats Gilbert
And Ray at Home

Rsy falls ~ 10 ~. Oilberf loses
50 10 -. as Roland Freeland
gets seventeen and t'~enty-three
points in t~o games. Squad
plays away from Coolidge
Friday.
Coolidge started its official bas-
ketball season In earnest by de
ieating Ray ~ 10 II on Friday
night and Gilbert 36 20 "a on Tues
day night In the Bears gym.
While toying with Ray came
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-12-13
Enrolment Climbs
From $50 to 1856
In EIoy School
Civic groups wonder at incom-
pIetion Of new buildings. Su-
perintendent ChesIey reports
buildings will be ready after
Christmas holiday.

OuHClnSS VIII De IedCJ dTTeT
Christmas holiday.
As enrolment in Eloy element
airy school steadily climbed from
six hundred and fifty one to eight
hundred and eighty six. civic
groups in the community are be-
ginning to search for alternate
class rooms for the school until
two new buildings are completed.
Lions club is planning a meet
ing to consider turning over their
new club house as a school house
for temporary use, and some sug-
gestions have been made that
churches be used.
Superintendent Horace Chesley
stated Monday that there was lit
tie need to consider any other
buildings for use as school rooms
at this time. for the two new
buildings lack only flooring and
blackboards before they can be
used.
The flooring, he said. has been
delivered and should be laid i'm
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-12-13

0Mr. and Mrs. Earl McEuen went
to Stafford Sunday to visit his
brother. Ray. who is Ill at Stafford
Hospital The McEuens remained
overnight at Ray with relatives.
OMrs. Abbie Adkins returned
Thursday from San Diego, Cali
fornia. where she spent the past
month.
WMr and Mrs +. l.. Clark OF Ar
kansas City, Arkansas. who have
been here with her mother, Mrs
j. Boyd Smith, returned home
Thursday. Mrs. Smiths sister.
Mrs. Arda Hoppe of Ontario, Cali
fornia. returned home Saturday.
eKeut McEuen returned to school
Tuesday after being confined to
his home for several days with
influenza
Evening star., 1946-04-12
Mr.. Gromyko Moves Up

In 1943, when he succeeded Maxim
Litvinoff as Russian Ambassador to
the United States. Andrei Gromyko
was relatively obscure figure. Since
then, however, he has emerged as
one of his country's foremost rep
resentatives abroad. Although only
thirty-eight years old, he has played
a role much more far-ranging than
the traditional one of an envoy, dis
charging extra ambassadorial re-
sponsibilities in a field wide enough
to make his name familiar around
the world.
When the United Nations was first
outlined at Dumbarton Oaks, Mr..
Gromyko was there to help outline
it, and step by step thereafter he
took an ever-increasing part in put
ting forward Soviet views in estab-
fishing the organization. All reports
agree that his government has been
pleased by the way he has handled
himself in this respect, not excepting
his recent dramatic boycott" of the
Security Council. Accordingly, his
removal as Ambassador to devote his
full time to the Council may be re-
garded as promotion. The signifi-
canoe of the move, however, is not
that 1t constitutes personal reward
for him but that it reflects a lively
Russian interest in the international
peace effort.
Az for the new Ambassador, Mr.
Evening star., 1946-04-12
Efficiency of the Law

Earl Mcfarland, convicted mur-
derer and Jail breaker, is the latest
OF long list of fugitives who have
learned through first-hand expert
ence how difficult it is to remain at
large in this era of increasingly
efficient and Well-co- -ordinated Fed
eral and local law enforcement. A
lew decades ago it was relatively
easy to hide out from the police, and
many desperadoes capitalized on
this weakness of the Nations law
machinery weakness stemming
largely from the lack of prompt COM
munications and proper cooperative
measures among the various police
departments. The radio and the
teletype now tie the police and other
agencies together into network of
alert agencies and individuals intent
on frustrating the plans of even the
clevereSt of criminals.
Within few hours of the escape
OF Mcfarland and Medley from the
District Jail, the fugitive-catching
forces of the Federal Bureau of
investigation and of co-operatinp
police departments and sheriffs' Of
noes were swinging into action.
thousands of special wanted" cir
cuIarS, bearing photographs of Nc
Farland, were distributed by wire
photo and mail throughout the
country. Under the direction of the
Fbl' which has strategically located
onnces In many States surveillance
was begun of places where the for
mer Marine was known to have rela-
yves or acquaintances. Railroad and
ous terminals, airports and high
ways were watched. 1t was one
hunteo man against thousands of
framed searchers. The odds against
mcfarland were such that il is mot
surprising that FBI agents were able
10 recapture him after scarcely more
than week of freedom. There Is
irony IN the fact that inefficiencv of
TWO officers paved the way for Nc
Farland'S escape, while efficiency ot
other officers led to his recapture
Even reasonable amount of eff
cheney at the Jail should be enough
10 Keep him there until his sched-
uieo execution not long hence.
Evening star., 1946-04-12
japan Goes to the Polls

BY American standards, at least,
japanese women were assigned by
tradition to an inferior status in
Japan and their enfranchisement
under American occupation direc-
tives provoked doubt as to their in
terest, or even their willingness, in
becoming part of the electorate.
The elections this week seem to have
resolved all dispute on the question.
According to the news dispatches,
they flocked to the voting booths,
many carrying their babies on their
backs. Their participation in the
balloting was one factor in rolling
up an estimated 72 per cent national
vote-compared with the 54.2 per
cent Of the qualified voters who took
part in our most recent elections in
1914.
This response by the women of
Japan and by so large a proportion
OF those eligible to vote can be in
terpreted as most favorable sign
OF the success, so far. of American
occupation policy. Perhaps because
OF the poor showing made by the
japanese Communists, some Russian
Soviet press comment has attempted
to cast reflection on the freedom, If
not the validity, of the elections.
But they have been fair elections.
American occupation authorities
have been scrupulous, not merely in
their insiStence on free elections but
In keeping hands off during the pre-
election campaigning. There were
japanese candidates-one of them
was elected-who spent the war in
exile or in prison because of their
political complexion. Japan, an oc-
cupied country, has held its first
election in which the people were
free to speak and vote as they
pleased, without fear of reprisal for
speaking or voting the wrong way.
The quality of the new office
holders chosen in the election re-
mains to be seen. Many of them
may fail to measure up to the stand
ards of efficiency in government at
tanned by their predecessors during
and before the war. Many of them
may be wholly without experience
and judgment and a normal per-
centage of them may qualify for
the lunatic fringe But the elections
will begin to fill the vacuum in the
government of Japan caused by the
removal by General MacArthur's di-
rective of so many undesirable
persons" because of their association
With the wartime regime. Whatever
Evening star., 1946-04-12
This Changing World
BY Constantine Broyn

area-are disastrous. These people are
now undergoing greater hardships than
at the time OF the Japanese occupation
According to conservative estimates,
there will be nothing to eat in that vast
area within the next few weeks. The
Japanese plundered the country and
the Red armies have been living on the
land since last August. thus consuming
the sections last reserves Because OF
the continued fighting the farmers are
unable to raise any crops There are no
seeds left in the country.
The UNRRA is ready to move into
China, but the problems confronting
It's omcials are far greater than in
Europe China Is vast country and
the few lines of communications which
might carry relief to the most severely
hit provinces have been destroyed by the
guerrilla tactics OF the Communists.
Transportation by river is limited not
only because Of the lack of river boats
but also because once the supplies are
landed there Is no way to carry them
any distance from the point OF unload
ing.
In many areas the UNRRA officials
the roaming bands and there are not
sufficient military forces to afford pro-
lection for the international Samaritans
whose job it is to feed the hungry.
Supplies are being brought into the
Chinese ports. They are, however, in
such small quantities that they cannot
supply all the needy. Black markets
are f1ourishing and prices for essentials
are within the reach Of only the wealthy
Several hundred miles from these
ports nothing is obtainable even for
gold payments. Hundreds Of millions of
Chinese peasants in the past have man
aged to make q scanty living out of
their rice paddles or other food crops.
Money, in the western meaning of the
word. was little known commodity for
them.
Now, after years of war. their chief
hope to survive rests in whatever outside
help they may obtain within the next
few months. The prospects of improv-
ing the dismal situation are slim.
The fighting for the North China
provinces and Manchuria continues as
einbittered as if no truce had been
arranged between the Chungking gov
ernment and the Communist factions.
Whether Gen. Marshall with his
prestige and authority will be able to
improve the situation remains to be
seen. Most observers who have returned
from China recently believe that only
word from Moscow will make the Com
munist leaders live up to their agree
ments.
Evening star., 1946-04-12
Restoring the Cuts

The budgeting authorities at the
Municipal Building made some
heavy cuts themselves in the Dis
trict estimates before they were sub
mitted to the Budget Bureau and
Congress. But the House commit
tees reductions went far beyond
anything the Commissioners antici-
pated. Some of them, affecting the
schools, libraries and public health
can be highly injurious and the
Commissioners are correct in seeking
their restoration by the Senate.
Aside from the precise effect of
all the reductions made in the
House, however, it is important to
remember why the cuts were made.
They were not based on the extrava-
gance Of the estimates. They were
not made because the people of the
District can get along just as we'll
without the things recommended.
They were made, in the language
Of the House committee, lin view
of the financial condition of the
District and having in mind the
possibility that the District govern
ment will be further burdened with
additional demands for increased
compenSation"-such demands being
pay raises that Congress will vote
for Federal employees.
What caused this financial con-
dition"? Not excessive expenditures
to meet the needs of the people of
Washington, who furnish about 81
per cent of the money to be spent.
But these are the expenditures that
are being cut. The expenditures that
suffer no reductions and which cause
the Districts financial condition"
are the expenditures for undertak-
ings which should be financed in
whole or in large measure by the
controlling National Government.
The House committee listed some
thirteen of them, remarking that the
Federal payment of $6,0O0,O00 sis but
a fraction of the value of services
contributed to the Federal Govern
ment." The reason the District is
suffering from condition which re-
suits in elimination of necessary
local projects is that the National
Government has failed to meet its
own obligations.
The Senate committee probably
will restore some of the cuts. But
that will not relieve the serious situ-
alton which prompted the House to
make them. That situation will
continue until Congress corrects the
fundamental injustice of exacting
from the local taxpayers the money
for Federal undertakings that should
be applied to distinctly local needs.
Evening star., 1946-04-12

This Is the evolution of many self
governing societies:
The masses-those who work with
their hands-often have little to live on.
They, when assembled, are the most
powerful class in a democracy. But
they are seldom willing to take political
action. except for money. So their
leaders promise to deprive the rich of
their estates and distribute them to the
masses.
Then the persons whose property is
threatened feel compelled to defend
themselves, though they have no desire
to overthrow the existing system, when
they are charged with plotting against
the people, and see the masses, through
ignorance and deception seeking to do
them wrong, they become revolutionary,
and, then come impeachments, judg-
ments and trials of one another.
The masses always have a champion.
whom they nurse into greatness. This,
and no other, is the root from which
tyrant springs. He first appears as the
peoples protector. and. having mob
at his disposal, is not restrained from
shedding the blood of citizens. BY the
favorite method Of false accusations
he brings them into court; some he
kills, and others he banishes, at the
same time limiting of abolition Of debts
and partition of land. After this he
must either perish at the hands of his
enemies or become a wolf-that is.
tyrant
If his opponents are not able TO
oust him, they conspire to assassinate
him.
Then comes the famous request for
a bodyeuard, which is the device of all
who have got thus far in their tyran-
nical career. Let not the peoples
friend" they say, "be lost to them.
The masses assent, fearing for him, not
themselves. And when an opponent
sees this he fees the country and Is not
ashamed to be a coward.
And he, the protector, standing up
with the reins of state in his hand, is no
longer protector, but tyrapt absolute.
At first he is full of smiles-he, to be
called a tyrant, liberating debtors, dis
tributing land and wanting to be so
good and kind to every one! But even
when he has disposed of foreign enemies
by conquest or treaty and there is
nothing more to be feared from them,
he is always stirring up war SO that the
people may require leader. Further
more, he impoverishes them by taxes,
and compels them to devote themselves
to their daily wants, SO they are less
likely to conspire against him. And If
he suspects any one of them OF having
notions of freedom, and of resistance,
he will find a prete:.t to destroy them
by putting them at the mercy of the
Evening star., 1946-04-12

Gen. George C. Marshall, President
Truman's special Ambassador to China,
is expected to return to that country
soon for temporary stay.
Since the general left Chungking. the
situation in China has deteriorated
rather than improved. Gen. Marshall
organized three-man truce teams to
bring about cessation of hostilities
and there were high hopes that they
would aid in supplementing the agree
ments reached between the national
government and the Communists But
they have not yielded the desired results.
These teams of high-ranking officers
Representatives of Generalissimo Chi
ang Kai-shek and Gen. Chou En-lai
and an American military man-suc-
ceeded at first in ending hostilities in
some regions where the Communists
were weaker than the nationalists. But
in the areas where the Communists were
stronger the fighting continued. Opti-
mistically, 1t was explained that this was
due to the poor communications" which
1t was said prevented news of the truce
from reaching the commanders of the
Communist units
Later, and particularly after the de-
parture of Gen. Marshall from China,
it became obvious that the Yenan au-
thorities considered the armistice as
only gesture. The fighting for the
richest provinces in North China and
Manchuria was resumed Charges were
hurled by both sides endeavoring to
place the blame on the other for break
ing the agreement.
4 X
The American trained and equipped
central government troops have a far
greater fighting ability than the Com
munists. They are, however, handi-
capped by having to cover greater dis
tance to reach the regions which, by
agreement with Russia, should be occu-
pied by Chiang's forces.
The Communists inf1ltrated immedi-
ately behind the Russian forces and
were able to enter the various key cities
soon after the Red armies left. When
ever, in spite of the transportation
difficulties. Chiangs divisions managed
to reach their objectives they succeeded
in dispensing the Communist bands,
which are reported to have used Japa-
nese artillery and artillerymen on several
occasions.
The Yenan contingents have adopted
the strategy of destroying all railways
and bridges to hamper the arrival of
large government forces to take over
from the departing Russians.
While from their own strategic point
of view this is a shrewd operation, the
effects on the Chinese population
about 20o,o00,oOO persons live in that
Evening star., 1946-04-12
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

enemy, and for all these reasons he
must always be getting up war.
But now he begins TO grow unpopular
Then some Of those who set him up
speak their minds, and the more cour-
ageous Of them cast in his teeth what is
being done. The tyrant, if he means to
rule, must get rid of these. He, there
fore, looks about him to see who is
valiant, wise or successful He is the
enemy Of them all and seeks occasion
to purge the state-not the sort Of purge
which physicians make, for they elimi-
nate the worst to save the better part
of the body. He does the reverse.
The more detestable his actions are
to the citizens. the more satellites he
will require. He will find new devoted
bands-and from every land-to flock
to him, if he but pays them. Even poets
will eulogize the tyrant, and 60 to other
cities and attract mobs and draw them
over to tyranny and democracy" They
are paid for this and receive honor
from tyrants and masses.
You may ask how the tyrant main
tains that fair, numerous and ever
changing army of his
Well, II there are treasures in the
state he will confiscate and spend them.
AS long as the confscated fortunes of
opponents sufice. he will diminish the
taxes on the masses. But when these
fail he and his retinue will maintain
themselves from the masses.
II then they fly into a passion and
demonstrate, they will discover what a
monster they have been fostering, but
they will find that he has grown strong,
while they have become weak.
1t may be protested that no tyrant
will use violence against the masses who
gave him his power, but he will And
at that point he becomes the real and
complete tyrant, about which no one
can make a mistake. The people who
sought escape from the smoke which
is the slavery of free men will have
fallen into the fire, which is the tyranny
of slaves. Thus liberty, when it passes
out of order and reason evolves into
the harshest and bitterest form of
slavery.
Every word in this column is free
translation OF a conversation between
Socrates and Adeimantus as recorded in
Plato's ''The Republic" The passage is
recapitulated as an answer to those
VINO believe classical studies should be
eliminated from our high schools and
universities as useless to education for
our times And they are further ad-
dressed to the American Youth for De-
mocracy, who are being encouraged to
lead this land along the course of de-
velopment, here sketched out 25 CEN
turies ago.
(ReleaSed By the Bell Syndicate. Ine)