davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Hartford chronicle., 1946-05-25
By Helen Simon (Guest COlumnist for Harold Preecel

In the days of TOuSsalnt Lou venture and Jean Jacques Dessal- ines, the enslaved people of Haiti threw off the Napoleonic yoke, rid themselves of the French colon ists and established the first and only independent Negro Republic in the Western Hemisphere.
 Land was distributed to the for mer slaves. Education was decreed for all. Sharing their labor at har- vest time, the Creole-speaking black peasants carved a primitive living for themselves from the rocky soil fthe Caribbean Island they share uneasily with the Spanish-speaking Dominican Re public.
 Today it is almost impossible to make a living in Haiti. As l drove out into the country from Port au Prince early last month l could see the parched fields. I wis., ited the packed market places where women, old men, children sat crouched all day in the bril- liant sun before a pile of pitiful wares. With luck they might earn 50 cents before they would place their empty baskets on their heads and plod barefoot the many weary miles back to their thatched mud huts in the distant hills.
 I met men who earned $8 $10 a month in stores or warehouses or fields, laboring for foreign masters. ~-
 "It was better before the Amer jeans came," I was told.
 I learned that when U. S. Ma rines finally quit Haiti in 1883 after an 18-year stay, the Ameri- can economic grip was already firm on the land.
 Five U. s. Firms Own Everything
 Five big American firms own whatever is worth owning: Stand ard Fruit, National Bank, Rail- road Haitian American Sugar Go. (HASGO) and the Agricultural Development Society 0SHADA). A few years ago an American en- gineering firm, J. C. White 6 Go. squandered Haitian funds to build roads that are already al- most impossible.
 The SHADA did the most dam age when it came in with an un- successful wartime experiment in producing rubber-bearing plants and sisal, rope fibre. It rented 50 percent of all arabic land, evicting the peasants, tearing down their fruit and mahogany trees.
 Run entirely by Americans, it left Haiti a $5,0OO,0O0 debt. Its removal of trees contributed to the lands erosion. Returning peasants find that huts and their whole means of life were gone.
Hartford chronicle., 1946-05-25
HOW U. s. MILLIONAIR
 CONTROL HAITI

Editors Note = On May 12 the people of Haiti went to the polls to choose new government replacing the one of Dictator Ellie Lescot overthrown by a popular revolution last January. MT. Preece presents as a guest column ist familiar with the Haitian back ground, Miss Helen Simon, New York newspaperwoman who re- gently made a tour of the Latin American republics.)
Hartford chronicle., 1946-05-25
PLAIN TALK
By John M. Lee

cans, the Klan was dissolved some years ago, and many of it's mem bers were called to account before the law which they had openly f1outed. s+"
 Following a long period during which it dared not operate openly, the Ku Klux Klan has come alive again, and apparently expects to find Negroes everywhere just wait ing to be frightened and lynched to death. However, there have been some changes made in the interval between the hey-day of the terrorist and the present re- surgence. Negroes have learned to defend themselves against lawless attacks, and the nation has learned much from the second world
 slaughter now drawing to a close.
 It was a racial doctrine similar to that of the K1an's that was re sponsib1e for World War II, and the Nazi mobsters who destroyed and crucifed acted in much the same manner as the Klansmen do. It has been reported that the K1an originally adopted the white sheet regalia because it made the
 members look like ghosts, and
 Negroes were supposed to be afraid of ghosts. That may or may not have been true back in the days when superstition gripped America so strongly the good citi zens of New England were not above executing a woman because she was suspected of being witch, but this is new day.
 Negroes are not afraid of the most superior Caucasian on a man to man basis, and they are in an improved position to do something effective about superior Caucasian mobs that come looking for trouble. Heretofore, as I pointed out in another column, the price a lawless mob has had to pay for attacking Negroes has been neg ligible, and consequently, there has not been too much hesitancy on the part of these gangsters to liven up a dull evening by kicking up merry hell in the Negro sec tion. However, those are no longer the conditions that prevail.
 Thel aw is stronger in the sec- tions formerly dominated by the Klan, and the Federal government is prepared to take over should the community guardians fail to do their duty. Negroes everywhere are learning that it is no more painful to die fighting back against an unjust and unwarranted attack than it is to stand still and take it without defense. There may or may not be some disturbed mo- ments in American racial history, according to the limits to which the K1an is prepared to go, but one thing is certain, there will be a few white sheets messed up if the program is to terrorize the Negro.
Hartford chronicle., 1946-05-25
MAGAZINE RACK
HATES BID FOR FREEDOM by Raymond Pace Alexander
 (May 4, Nation)
By Samuel P. Perry. IT.


 Tn this article written about the revolution in Haiti, land with a population 3,250,000 living on 10, 300 square miles of land. MT. Alexander endeavors to give the reader an insight into the under lying causes of the uprising against ex-President Lescot. MT. Alexander states in part: The color question was one of the un- derlying causes of the unrest that erupted in the students strike of January 7 and the overthrow of the regime of President Iescot on January II. It is fantastic to say that the unrest in Haiti is of Com munist origin. The students up rising was merely the first bring ing into flame of a long snolder- ing resentment against the mai- administration of Ellie Lescot and his predecessor, Stenio Vincent" :" Tn an effort to be more explicit, the author cites briefly the dis narity between Lescot's pre-elec- ton promises of greater democ- racy and actual practice in ofhce. namely, the extension of term or presidency, the assumption of the right to extend life of parliament, to name successors for members to appoint city mayors who had always been elected by the people! The misappropriation of large sums of money, the imposition of strict censorship on the public and student press as well as the imprisonment of editors who dared to oppose the presidents policies.
 The uprising, according to Mr. Alexander, took the form of paralysis of the economic life of Haiti by a concerted effort of stu ents. store clerks, laborers, and transportation workers. Acutely aware of the implications, the cab met of Lescot resigned and subse- quently Lescot himself was ad- vised by the military to follow suit for his personal safety.
 To the military junta, which took over the administration or the country, credit must be given for @an intelligent and fair ad- ministration, which has shown special concern for the depressed workers" The author further dis cusses the resumption of activity in the political life by dark skinned ,Haitians, the political inn plcations and aims of certain leaders, the possibility of institut- ing a plan for beginning an era of intelligent planning for Haiti's educational, economic, social, as we'll as cultural recovery, and the need for betterIbalanced commer- cial relations with the United States, but through monopolies, as in the past.
 In conclusion, it is stated: "Rec- ognition of the new government. will contribute a revival of trade and agriculture but policy such as Adolph Berle recently intro duced in Brazil, which would as- sure that the country's planned economic development, is badly needed"
Hartford chronicle., 1946-05-25
MAIL BOX
BOSTON COMMUNITY FUND

To the editor:
 We were pleased to read the editorial in the CHRONICLE crediting the Greater Boston Com munity Council with the work it has done for better community or ganization during the past 25 years.
 As newly-elected president of this organization which serves public and private social agencies, I want to thank you for your CO., operation during this period com memorating 25 years of service. F. Frank Vorenberg President
Hartford chronicle., 1946-05-25
THE NEGRO IN LATIN AMERICA
Middle Class Feel Pressure
By Harold Preeee'

Middle Class Feel Pressure
 The growng impoverishment of the masses is paralleled in the Haitian middle class. Beautiful houses abound, but residents told me that nowadays few families make ends meet without every adult pitching in to work.
 The literate few perhaps 10 percent of Haiti's 3,000,000 = scramble for government jobs.
 This catastrophe economic con- dition, even effecting the ill-paid National Guard, had been coupled with oppressive dictatorship under which parties and trade unions were barred.
 Tyrant Forced To Resign
 The dam burst in January. Stu dents protesting suppression of a left-wing student paper, La Ruce, were joined in demonstrations by all sections of the population. The latest tyrant, Ellie Lescot, was forced to resign. ---z
 On important factor in Lescot's downfall was the fact-which I ascertained from several sources that the American-owned com panies instructed their morgan ized workers to join the general strike. Possible explanation for this move: Lescot's tyranny was becoming embarrassing to Amer ican diplomats anxious to present a democratic appearance to the world. Furthermore, Lescot had just concluded a big deal with Brit ish firm - Brandt & Go. - "sell- ing" it seized German assets worth $40O,00O for $35, ,OOO.
 With a sudden release of long suppressed political forces a my riad of tiny political parties sprang into being and politicians began to vie for power. Tn face of the lack of agreement among civ ilians who participated in the strike movement, the Haitian Ma tional Guard assumed control. talked to some length with Col. Franck Lavaud and Major Antoine Levelt, two of the three members of the top military jun ta, and was impressed by their apparent sincerity and simplicity. They insist they have no political ambitions.
 The political lne-up had sim- mered down somewhat in the three months since Lescot's fall. But there still were almost 900 candi- dates for 56 congressional seats. Observers agree that politicians who condoned the dictatorship or even served under Lescot are pret- ty sure to win a majority of seats.
 Men of the opposition are not yet well known; moreover old line politicians have accumulated their nest eggs, are openly buying votes. Rumors abound that American money is being devoted to this cause. A Dr. Jean Price Mars is supposed to be the American fla vorite for president - chosen la ter by the Congress.
 It's pretty easy to buy votes when people are illiterate and pauperized.
 The mood of the Haitian people can be judged by the fact that perhaps half of the many parties claim to be Socialist" or 'Revo- lutionary"
 But the people are just begin ming to be organized. Trade unions are barely starting, and their leadership is inexperienced. And 1t will take organization to break the American economic strangle- hold and begin to realize the fruits of that independence won so he
Hartford chronicle., 1946-05-25
ART EXHIBIT AT INC CONVENTION

Detroit-An exhibition of work by American artists will open in Detrot, Michigan, at the Urban League, and will continue from May 30 to June6 The exhibition. entitled "A Tribute to the Negro People," is sponsored by the New Masses, national weekly publica- tion with the assistance of the National Negro Congress, whose convention is being held in Detroit during these same days.
Hartford chronicle., 1946-05-25
THE REVIVAL OF NIGHT RIDING TERRORS FINDS THE NEGRO READY TO DEFEND
 HTMGET K

HIM SELF
 New York - The new era of organized American gangsterism and lawlessness will be presided over by Dr. Samuel Green of At lanta, Georgia. Unlike til Capones and the Dillingers of a past gen eration, pr. Green will enjoy inn munity from the law, at least at his base of operations, for he is legally accepted and recognized as the ''Grand Dragon" of the Ku Klux Klan, a band of hooded, night-riding terrorists of nation wide potentialities Chartered by the state of Georgia, the Klan an- nounces itself, 'for white gentiles only" What it doesn't announce is it's purpose to return to it's for mer business of frightening, ter rorizing and killing in the interest of white, Christian supremacy.
 Where the Ku Klux Klan exists, there is 8 breakdown of the law, for the two cannot exist in the same country. California and New York have ordered the K1an to move on, but I am afraid the Klan has moved underground instead. It is hard to believe that the mem bers of this blood-thirsty cult will submit to the tender persuasive ness of the law.
 It would be idle folly to believe that the Klansmen gathered on Stone Mountain and burned cross es merely to announce it's rebirth. 1t would be wiser to believe that this was the signal for the start of 8 campaign against the Negro and the Jew. Klansmen all over the nation will take heart from this vivid demonstration of power. From this moment on, Negro rights, property and life itself will be fair game for those hooded hunters who will seek to translate the fear within them into a terror against a minority.
 Members of the K1an willingly accept the theory that Negroes are, for the most part, docile, ig- norant and unaggressive. They plan. their terroristic campaigns on these points satisfied tl-at the in- of a few will have effect on the many. They will not admit that they are against the Negro, but will insist that they are organized against the whites who uphold the Negro in his wrong-doing.
 Originally property-stealing, 1and-grabbing band of night-rid- CTS, the Klan grew to become above the law when it came to dealing with Negroes. As the propagators and defenders of lynch-law, +re K1an has covered the history of America with shame. Overwhelmed by the wrath and indignation of decent Ameri
Hartford chronicle., 1946-05-25

their homeland such barbarian lynchng they not exempt from the Soviet journalists questioning He asks of British critics Why in the wide of the Brit
 sh Empire must hundreds of millions of colored people for luxurious life for the ruling class of Brtain?" question will remain unanswered until the colonial peo- pes of Africa Asia, and the West Indies allowed to develop with sefgovernment thereby enjoying full dem ocratic rights. @ ~ ~
Hartford chronicle., 1946-05-25


 Evan while we were engaged ln flgntlng agslls1 tn frcos of Axis ensavement with their barbarous nas doctrines country warned Dy noer 1aeders like Pearl Buck and the late Wenoen W lllke that unless discrimination against the Negro peope einated the United States would be indicted Dy tle rest of humanity as hypocrtcal in procalmng % 5aroocracv The caution of the liberals ana pro ssives was that the denial of full czensnp to Nesro mercans constituted paradox contradlcton petmeen ecan profession of faith in the democratic ldeas o the Founding Fathers and actual practice Every honest Aocan acknowledges the truth inherent III ths ing and sees in the limitation of democracy 1orho@o menace to it's very existence m e 4A eou;e+ Irnion
 Some of the critics of the soxle' t 1ten
 n@ 1s are persons who kept silent Wnne the I; lIaaa Fascss conducted their invasion of Etnop1a thn anJ nsinp mustard gas against the defenceless @ ians They have always been silent despite sner
 ; If mower and influence, about the nausea'aa,e ~ e sme of ynehng though it's nave d t none in fiendish besality Yet tnese e S ou @ boo1 like bulls of Bashan about the lack o araor (according to their standardsl III che oose' ni Which has at least outlawed dlscrmlnatlon on nn+ of race creed color national orlgln Ih.I ls % # is so refreshing learn about the sts or
 +ned bv Soviet journalist in New Times as repor1eo UT 10 b11 the limited Press He asked wv n.y. contrary w forms of democratic law are Negroes suoJecTec W to fiarce discrimination up to barbaric lynchng? we that particular question from the many Whc4 ne
 J of American critics because it the S64 one Few Tnan of real and influence oare to l'' anu 1uo;u oo1uardice is our nations shame.
 Although the British are too civilized to tolerate III
Hartford chronicle., 1946-05-25
HIGHER EDUCATION

As the long vacation of the schools approaenes' aaoer awaited by restive small boys, the season TOT as sessing the value of education simultameously Commencenlent speakers bedecked in their traduonai finery will prance the rosrums throughout the ano boring the graduates who must listen to them with tudes as ancient and timeworn as the Pyrao 4 as fzizeb However education is much more than tne m formal events terminating attendance in school or that it is always imperative to remind young peope oi us value. :, 4 rau u,.s +ba
 One of the bad effects of the recent war was tne bovoc which it wrought upon the normal schoo !e oA the young obviously in those countries suoJecteo o sion and aerial attack but in our own Onteo virtually unscathed by bombardment The neeo LOT LOT workers in wartime industries at relatively hgh wages caused many boys and girls to attend school at to leave altogether at worst ine & 1;f vas interrupted to such extent that It Will tah
 many wears in some instances, for them 10 regan w
 +a have lost in the acquisition of essential
 Under the pressing immediacy of World w ar II It was welngh impossible to convince many young peoPe of the value of higher education Nevertheess punhc snirited organizations the Arsto Club and the Kappa Alpha sorority continued to award college scnoi arships to qualified students. They making tneir awards this year under favorable circumstance All of us should try tell the high school students W!tn whom thev may become acquainted about the of the scholarships perfect scholastic record IS not absolutely necessary student to win scholarship since the award committees put great stress upon qua ties of leadership manifested by the applicants Ihere fore no student should be bashful about applying
Hartford chronicle., 1946-05-25

world we have to struggle and fight for it. So let us watch as we'll as pray and fight as well as watch.
 A Constant Reader
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1946-01-12
National Appeal Wade
Tor Sharing CIothing

national appeal comes asking that we snare our USED
othng with the peoples who have suffered the rayages
ack into soat.ouis thinking, this is much needed rene
IS for compaccucy. These people. these children these
der people all Of them have suffered suffered as we
ave no con1proherson and as human beings should
elp them -.
We should share with them tor our own sakeS. We
llst try 10 keep alive the spirit which that human
eings should not suffer from the cold. We who have
cen blessed SO generously should try TO help these poor
nfortunates War destroyed their homes destroyed theT
aces of erpoyn1en and now in severe winter they need
IN the protection that warm clothing can give.
Ypsilant did a magnificent Job in the spring collection
Citizens gave good used clothing and the civic organza
ons packed carefully good cartons as unsetlsh man
acturers hauled these tons Of clothing to the proper de
nation for shipping. Local people are orgamzng TINS
fort along similar lines Nearly every family share
lothing bedding outgroWn shoes.
Ypsilant is always a generous city Its citizens accept
.sponsibites promptly This Victory Clothing Colec-
on will be no exception Give good clothing, bring it IN
the depots promptly. Let's keep alive the generous,
elpful spirit which makes our community great
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1946-01-12
Air|ines at Airport

Ypsan favored by being located at least for time
|ithn few miles of of the great national air depots
because Deros municipal airport cannot be used and be
ause the Romuus air field is not adequate the great WI
w Run Army Air Base may become the Detroit terminal
|or the nations greatest air lines. American Arlines,
ned Air lines. Pennsylvania Central lines and many
theirs hope to be using the air base located WITHIN
|hree miles of Ypslanti
The governments expenditures in building this great
eld which two miles square and drained thoroughly
ill make It's runways available for commercial air travel
The great hangers house the planes of America great
|st air lines and travellers from over the world may agh
|ere While the announcement says will be only until
lac Northwest field is ready many things may happen
h that time. The development Of air travel during the
ext years cannot be measured Willow Run air base
|arries the enthusiastic endorsement of all traffic officials
his great airport will be abandoned 1t will continue
serve the needs of air traffic Meanwhile Ypsanti lies
rom London.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1946-01-12
toward S Zero

have said all this. MacWhlr,sr
merely scowled
There's not been time yet" said
the girl, smiling indifferently.
Nonsense"
The girl stopped smiling She
snapped.
Anyway. It's not done" she
said.
Then I'll take it away as it is"
said MacWhirter.
"Nothlng's been done to 1t" the
girl warned him.
"I'll take II away"
II daresay we might get 1t done
by tomorrow a special favor"
I'm not in the habit Of asking
for special favors. Just give me the
suit, please"
Giving him a bad-tempered look.
the girl went into a back room. She
returned with a clumsily done up
parcel which she pushed across the
counter.
MacWhirter took L and went
out.
He felt, quite ridiculously, as
though he had won a victory. Actu-
ally it merely meant that he would
have to have the suit cleaned else
where,
He threw the parcel on his bed
when he returned 10 the hotel and
looked at it with annoyance. Per-
haps he could get it sponged and
pressed in the hotel. It was not
really too bad-perhaps 1t didn't
actually need cleaning?
He undid the parcel and gave
vent to an expression OF annoyance.
Really, the 24-Hour Cleaners were
/ too inefficient COR words. This
wasn't his suit. 1t wasn't even the
same color! II had been a dark blue
suit he had left with them. lmper-
tinent, inefficient muddlers.
He glanced irri,ably at the label.
It had the name MacWhirter all
right. Another MacWhirter? Or
some stupid interchange Of labels.
Staring down veXedly at the
crumpled heap he suddenly shifted.
Surely he knew that smell-a
particularly unpleasant smell &.
Yes, that was 1t. Diana and her
dog. Absolutely and literally stink
ing FISH!
He bent down and examined the
suit. There 1t was, a discolored
patch on the shoulder Of the coat.
On the shoulder
Now that. thought MaGWhirter,
is really very curious e..
Anyway, next day he would have
a few grim words with the girl at
the 24-Hour Cleaners. Gross mis-
management!
l Ito Be Contlnued)
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1946-01-12
By ERICH BRANDEIs

Maybe because II is the begin.
ming o. a new year, there is hardly
a day now that yea don't read
about some new invention FOR the
greater convenience and advance
ment q mankind.
Two items attracted my attention
today.
one was headed To Cook Ho,
Docs With Radio Waves. and the
Other: Way Seen To Live 20
Cramped Space
For years now I have loved and
eaten frank;urters have eaten
them I'm every possible-or what !
thoucht possible style boiled
steamed. gril.ei and fried. ! have
eaten them with catsup. and with
mustard. with Aorseradish and with
chill sauce, with sauerkraut and
With plain cabbage.
But 7 never though. I'd see the
day when could walk up 10 a ma
chine. drop in a dime. push but
ton. see a tray trip into an electron-
ic osc.llator coil and have a