Evening star., 1946-09-06
nes Address Laying Down U. S. Policy in Germany

the rules under which Germany can
govern itself. The Allied occupation
forces should be limited to the num-
Der suflcient to see that these rules
are obeyed.
But the question for US will be:
What force Is needed to make cer-
tain that Germany does not rearm
as it did after the First World War?
Our proposal for q treaty with the
major powers to enforce for IS or
even 40 years the demilitarization
plan finally agreed upon in the
peace settlement would have made
possible smaller army OF occupa-
ton. For enforcement we could rely
more upon force of trained inspec-
tors and less upon infantry.
win Not Shirk Duty.
For instance, II an automobile
factory, in violation OF the treaty.
converted its machinery to the pro-
ductton Of weapons Of war, inspec-
tors would report it to the Allied
Control Council. They would call
upon the German government to
stop production and punish the Of
fender. II the German government
failed to comply, then the Allied ma
tions would take steps to enforce
compliance by the German govern
ment. Our proposal for the treaty
was not agreed to.
Security forces will probably have
to remain in Germany for q long
period. want no misunderstand-
Ing. We will not shirk our duty. We
are not withdrawing. As long as an
occupation force is required In Ger
many the Army OF the United States
will be q part Of that occupation
force.
The United States favors the early
establishment Of q provisional Ger
man government for Germany.
Progress has been made in the
American zone in developing local
and state self-government in Ger
many and the American Govern
ment believes similar progress is pos
sible for all zones.
It is the view Of the American
Government that the provisional
government should not be hand
picked by other. governments, but
should be German national coun-
ell composed Of democratically re-
sponsible minister presidents or 9TH
er chief ofdcials Of the several states
or provinces which have been estab-
lished in each Of the four zones.
Subject to the reserved authority
of the Allied Control Council, the
German National Council should be
responsible for the proper function
ing Of central administrative agen-
cies, which should have adequate
power to assure the administration
Of Germany as an economic unit, as
was contemplated by the Potsdam
Agreement.
Should Draft Constitution.
The German National Council
should also be charged with the
preparation Of draft Of q federal
constitution for the united states
of Germany which, among other
things. should insure the democratic
character Of the new Germany and
human rights and fundamental
freedoms Of all It's inhabitants.
After approval In principle by the
Allied Control Council, the proposed
constitution should be submitted to
an elected convention for final
drafting and then submitted to the
German people for ratification,
While we shall insist that Ger
many observe the principles of
peace, good neighborliness and hui
manity, We do not want Germany to
become the satellite OF any power
or to live under dictatorship, for
eign or domestic. The American
people hope to see peaceful, demo-
cratic Germans become and remain
free and independent.
Austria has already been recog-
nized as . free and independent
country. Her temporary forced
union with Germany was not
happy event for either country and
the United States is convinced that
1t is In the interest Of both countries
and peace Of Europe that they
should pursue their separate ways.
At Potsdam, specific areas which
were part Of Germany were provi-
sionally assigned to the Soviet Union
and to Poland, subject to the final
decisions OF the peace conference.
At that time these areas were being
held by Soviet and Polish armies.
We were told that Germans In. large
numbers were fleeing from these
areas and that 1t would in fact, be-
cause Of the feeling aroused by the
war, be difncult to reorganize the
economic life Of these areas If they
were not administered as integral
parts in the one case of the Soviet
Union and in the other Of Poland.
Cession Not Yet Determined.
The heads Of government agreed
to support at the peace settlement
. proposal Of the Soviet govern
ment concerning the ultimate trans-
fer to the Soviet Union of the city
Of Koenisberg and areas adjacent to
ENf1Eu1ER