The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-05
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taN eiannu Report cf ths cksi q Staff 9 the C. S. Army
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ular Army, and the National Guard must be prepared to meet such Q crisis.
 Another mission of the Regular Army is to provide for the security garrisons for the outlying bases.
 The third mission of the perma- iient Army is to furnish the over- head, the higher headquarters which must gccp the machine and the plans up to date for whatever national emergency we may face in the future. This overhead in- cludes the War Department, the War College the service schools, and the headquarters of the rnili- tary areas intc which continental United States Is siibdivided to fa- cilitate decelltralized command and coordination of the peacetime rnili- tary machine.
 The fourth and probably the most important mission of the Reg ular Army is 10 provide the know ledge, the expert personnel, and the installations for training the citi- zen-soldier upon whom, in my view, the future peace of the world largely depends.
 Importance of National Guard
 Of the citizcn-Army, the Na- tional Guard is in the first cate- gory of importance. It must be healthy and strong, ready to take its place in the first line of defense in the first two weeks of an erner- gency, and net dependent upon a year or more of training before 1t can be conditioned to take the field against framed enemy. It is not feasible under the conditions of the peace for the National Guard with in itself to provide the basic, ftln- damental training which is an imperativerequij ement for its mis- sion. Therefore, in my opinion, based on long and intimate ex- perience with the Guard from 1907 until 1941, the essential requirement. for such a system under modern conditions is Universal Military Training from which to draw the volunteers for the ranks of the Guard without such firm foundh- tion I am clearly of the opinion that a sufficiently dependable force for our postwar needs cannot be maintained.
 The second important compo- nent of the Citizen Army is the Organized Reserve through which full mobilization of the Nations resources to war footing is accom- plished. At the start of the pres l ent war, the Reserve was almost entirely an officer corps, the regi- mental and divisional groups lack ing practica. basis for mobiliza- tion. The contribution of this component was therefore largely one of individuals, but of wide extent and great importance. The depleted office: ranks of the Regu- lar Army were filled by the Re- serve, the countless new staffs and organizations were. mainly com- posed of Reserve officers, the great training camps for men inducted through the Selective Service System drew in the beginning on the officer strength of the Reserve Corps The Officer Candidate schools from which our present Army acquired its vital small unit leadership were staffed by Re- serve officers. These officers were largely veterans of World War and graduates of the Reserve Of- ficers' Training Corps.
 Lack of troops with which Re- serve officers could acquire practi- cal experience in command and staff work was the most critical limitation. There was no enlisted strength in the Reserve force. There was little connection and understanding between the Of- ficers' Reserve Corps and the Na- tional Guard-which had an en- listed strengthened the number of enlisted men in the Regular Army was so small that it was im- possible to qualify Reserve officers by training with Regulars.
 Skill Through Practice
 Only by Universal Military training can full vigor and life be instilled into the Reserve system. It creates a Doll of well-trained men and officers from which the National Guard and the Organized Reserve can draw volunteers: it provides opportunities for the Guard and Reserve units to par