Evening star., 1946-07-26
Jackson Asks Guilty
Verdicts for Il Nazis
As War Criminals
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Continued From First Pageo
el. Munitions Minister Albert Speer,
Propagandist Hans Fritsche and
Youth Leader Baldur Won Schirach.
Goering, half militarist and half
eangster." was, next to Hitler. the
man who tied the activities of all
the defendants together in COM
mon effort, Justice Jackson SAID.
adding:
The parts played by the other
defendants, although less compre-
hensive and less spectacular than
that of the reichsmarshal. were nev-
ertheless integral an6 necessary
contributions to the joint undertak-
ing"
All Workers for War.
From the moment the Nazis came
to power IN 1888, the American
prosecutor asserted every one of
the defendants worked like beav-
ers' to prepare for war which they
knew would be war of German
aggression.
Dlsmissing with irony the al
most unanimous" defense of the
group that nobody knew anything
about wnat was going on" the chief
American prosecutor said they all
speak with Nazi double talk"
They have been given the kind
of rial which they, in the days of
their pomp and power. never gave
to any man" he noted.
The Supreme Court Justice limited
his summation TO the charge of con-
French, British and Russian prose-
cutors to deal with these other
counts of the indictment: Grimes
against peace. war crimes, and
crimes against humanity.
Cites Five Groups of Overt Acts.
Justice jackson told the tribunal
that the pillars which uphold the
conspiracy charge may be found
in five groups of the Overt Acts"
/. Seizure of power and subjuga-
ton of Germany to a police state
in which the party was the state,
the state was the party. and terror
by day and death by night were
the policy of both
2. Preparation for and actual
Waging of wars of aggression, for
which the Nazis made 'feverish but
stealthy efforts. in defiance of the
Versailles Treaty from the moment
they came to power.
3. Warfare in disregard of Inter-
national law. including the starving
beating. numbering, freezing, and
mass determination admittedly used
against the eartern soldiery' and
the shooting of British and Ameri-
can ai1men.
i. Enslavement and plunder of
populations in occupied countries.
5. Persecution and determination
Of Jews AND Christians, which re-
suited in the killing of an estimated
5000 900 Jews in the most far-f1ung
and terrible racial persecution of all
time"
Central Plot Is Aggression.
THE central crime in this pattern
Of cri re tl,e kingpin which holds
them all together is the plot for
aggressive war Justice Jackson
continued.
BY some of the defendants that none
of the Nazis wanted war. that re-
armament was undertaken only to
make Germany's voice heard in the
family of nations and that the wars
were defensive against ''Bolshevik
menace
Even II IT. could be shown
which it cannot be-that the Rus
sian war was really defensive, such
is demonstrably not the case with
those wars which preceded it, the
prosecutor said.
IF these defendants may now
cynically plead self-defense it
reduces nonaggression treaties to a
legal absurdity"
AS for attempts of defense counsel
to PIN Nazi guilt on Hitler, Himmler
Goebbels and other leaders presum-
ably dead. he said the defendants
had access to Hitler, and often con-
trolled the information that reached
him and on which he must base his
policy and his orders"
Sir Hartley ShaWcroSs. starting a
summation that will require perhaps
eight hours, declared the guilt of the
German captives lis not in doubt. y
He read the British case from a
manuscript as thick as novel, and
in many cases. more lurid.
He accused the defendants of the
crime of war itself-"total apd totali-
tartan war waged in defiance of SOL
emn undertakings and in breach of
treaties He recalled the great
war aims set forth and emphasized
by President Roosevelt and Prime
Minister Churchill to establish loos-
ing of an aggressive war as an in
ternational crime and to set up legai
machinery to deal with the men &C
cused of committing it."