davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-07-07
Progress at Paris

assuming that Mr.. MolotoV's n1yS-
terious eleventh-hour haggling does
not wreck the prospect, it may be
taken as heartening thing that the
Council of Foreign Ministers has at
last agreed to convoke the long
deferred 21-nation peace conference
at Paris. The move does not mean
that the world may now look for
ward to an early restoration of nor
NAL international life and order, but
it does represent substantial prog
resS in that direction-a develop
ment whose significance may per-
hapS be best measured by trying to
visualize how bleak the outlook
would be had Mr.. Molotov fatty
refused to 60 along with Messrs.
Bevin and Bidault in supporting Mr..
Byrnes' proposal.
In that case. with everything
rigidly stalemated. Mr.. Byrnes,
backed by Mr.. Bevin and probably
also by Mr.. Bidault, would then have
had to carry out his avoWed resolve
to refer the whole situation to the
United Nations General Assembly in
September. Then, if that failed to
break the log Jam he and Mr.. Bevin
again perhaps with Mr.. Bidault's
Support-might have found it neces-
sary, as a last resort, to work out
separate treaties without RuSSia's
participation. All this, of course,
would have had the effect of deep
ening and widening the gulf between
Moscow and the western powers and
thus tending to freeze the world
into two antagonistic blocs making
mockery of peace.
Happily, however, Mr. Molotov,
though delaying the dispatch of in
vitations by raising his strange pro-
cedural objections, has acceded to
Mr.. Byrnes demand. AS a result,
the general conference-Which orig
inally was scheduled to be held not
later than last May will convene
on July % unless Russian tactics
upset everything. Under the Mos
COW agreement of December a year
ago, its participants are supposed to
include the five permanent members
of the Security Council and all mem
berS Of the United Nations which
actively waged war against the en-
emy in Europe. The prime function
of the meeting, as set forth at Mos
COW, will be to study, discuss and
make recommendation on the treaty
drafts drawn up by the Big Four for
Italy, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria
and Finland. Then, after giving
consideration" to the conference
recommendations, the victorious
signers of the armistices with these
five countries will write the final
texts.
The usefulness of the conference
will depend, of course, on the kind
of recommendations it makes and
the degree Of Big Four willingness
to consider them seriously. The
Foreign Ministers have compromised
their differences over such issues as
Trieste and Italian reparations and
that has cleared the way for the 81
nation meeting. But some of the
compromises are far from perfect,
and it remains to be seen whether
the meeting will succeed in improv-
ing them. If it does, and if the final
treaty texts are made to conform
accordingly, the overall problem
of establishing peace throughout
Europe and the world-a problem
made up of complex questions like
those revolving around Austria and
Germany-will become that much
less difficult. The road ahead is
rocky and long, but the Paris Con-
ference should serve at least to move
US forward on it.
Evening star., 1946-07-07
Just Loofing Along

From tie Charottetown Patriot
A bullet hurries by, or through you
pretty rapidly. But its speed is mere
5000 feet per second Insignificant by
comparison with the sort of things the
scientists are cooking up in their test
tubes today.
Evening star., 1946-07-07
Pearl Hurbor Case
Gives Unity Lesson
Air Power League President Sees
Command Setup at Fault

(The author OF the tolloWilg ar
ticle on the Pearl Harbor catastrophe
has examined all official reports on
the attack as part OF his duties as q
maritime member OF the Joint Chiefs
OF StGf Committee. A former Assist
ant Secretary of War for Air, napal
flyer in World War I and an air
forces general in World War II, he
is no,o president OF the Air Power
League.)
Evening star., 1946-07-07

when she was II she penned an essay
on: Can the Immortality of the Soul
Be Proved by the Light of Nature?"-
tremendous subject for even a very
precocious little genius.
Evening star., 1946-07-07

that may vet happen there, can alter
in the slightest that grimmest and most
towering fact of our time.
Evening star., 1946-07-07
But They Hoven't

From the ST. Louis Post-Dispatch.
Dealers are threatening to boycott
meat Consumers, meanwhile, are wish
ing they only had a chance to.
Evening star., 1946-07-07
Discouroging Precedent

From the st. Louis Post-Dispatch.
Denaturing won't stop atomic war,
scientists say. 1t didn't stop the boot
leggers, either
Evening star., 1946-07-07
Fifty Years Ago

Not the principality of Monaco, nor
the republic of San Marino nor that of
Evening star., 1946-07-07

what can America do about this ylll-
nerability? Short of effective interna-
tional control, according to the Strategic
Bombing Survey, the threat of retalia-
ton will be safeguard of sorts and
"a wise military establishment will make
sure-by dispersal, concealment protec-
tion and constant readiness of it's forces
that no single blow or series of blows
from an enemy can cripple it's ability
TO strike back in the same way"
Other antiatomic security measures,
which must be taken or initiated nouu if
their cost is not to be prohibitive," in
clude: Cd Decentralization or partial
dispersal of our industrial and medical
facilities; (2) elimination of combustible
interiors from otherwise strong build
ings; 80 long-range national planning
OF life-saving, evacuation and disaster
relief programs, and "a the construction
or blueprinting of earthen or concrete
shelters, which would be effective
against the A-bomb'S radiation, though
not against a direct hit or near miss.
Nevertheless, even though these and
similar costly steps would help to hold
down potential losses, the Strategic
Bombing Survey emphasizes that they
would be nothing but Intellectual pallia-
tives" against full and sustained attacks
and that "to avoid destruction the surest
way is to avoid war"
In sum, no nation will enjoy safety,
all nations will be in danger of devas-
tation, unless the atom is subjected to
an effective system of world control in
bright new era of lasting.peac Moth
ing that has happened at Bikini nothing
Evening star., 1946-06-02
Pon-Arob Manifesto

The announcement issued at the
close of the conference of Arab
chiefs of state is q notable document
from several aspects. It represents
what are unquestionably the views
and policies of that diplomatic con-
sortium known as the Arab League,
albeit the signatories spoke. not for
the league itself, but as heads of the
respective countries whereof the
league is officially composed. These
are: Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Syria,
Trans-Jordan, Saudi Arabia and
Yemen. To those official members
should be added, effectively, dele
gates to the league from the Arabs
Of Palestine and the Arab-speaking
or Arab-culture-co Moslem
inhabitants of all North Africa be-
yond Egypt, from the former italian
colony of Lydia, through French
Tunis and Algeria, to distant Mo-
rocco, today effectively under either
French or Spanish control.
The interest Of the present inde-
pendent Arab sovereigns and of the
Arab League in those outlying areas
was significantly stressed in the an
nouncement issued when the dele
gates left the conference held at the
luxurious country. estate OF their
host, King Farouk of Egypt.
The most fortnight note in this
manifesto concerned Palestine. the
statement on this point reading:
"The Arab states could not accept
under any circumstances any fur
ther Jewish immigration and would
regard it as violation of the White
Paper to which Britain is pledged"
However, this unequivocal attitude
was not coupled with a threat, for
the statement gees on: "They (the
Arab states) have great hopes that
the friendly relations now existing
between the Arab states, on the one
side, and the two friendly democ-
racies britain and America) on the
other, will not be spoiled by the in
sistence Of the democracies to carry
out the measures affecting the rights
OF Palestine Arabs"
Regarding North Africa, the man
ifesto asserts that the independence
OF Lydia Is natural and just" and
necessary to the security of Egypt
and the Arab countries" It thus
implicitly rejects all proposals made
at the recent Paris Conference or
elsewhere regarding the postwar
status OF Lydia as a mandate or
trusteeship OF one or more non
Arab powers. The reference to the
freedom of "other Arab countries"
is not amplified, but obviously refers
to French and Spanish North Africa.
where Arab nationalism is 4 growing
factor. Thus, the purview of the
Arab League as including all peoples
with Arabic speech and culture is
re-emphasized.
Evening star., 1946-06-02
Hidden Toxes
From the n Dorado Times.


1t takes a lot Of money to run America
billions and billions OF dollars q year.
The Government, Of course. has no
money Of its own. That is, 1t. doesn't
earn money-as you or rs q successful
business does.
It gets its money from you and from
millions of other Americans the
form Of taxes.
You may think that you. rs an In
dividual, don't pay very much In taxes.
But-even If you own no real estate Of
your own, part Of the rent you pay goes
to pay your landlords taxes. So you pay
real estate taxes.
Even ii you pay no income taxes, as an
individual, part Of every dollar you spend
for food or clothing or anything else
goes toward paying the taxes Of the
people who make or supply those things
for you. So you pay income taxes.
Every time you 60 to q movie, you
pay taxes.
Every time you buy gas for your car.
or wrist watch for your Wife, or shoes
for the kids, or take ride on a train,
or spend any money at all-you pay
taxesl
Part Of every dollar the Government
spends Is your money. How much is
yours? You'd be surprised!
At least 2s per cent. it is estimated,
Of the annual national income goes to
the Government In taxesi
Evening star., 1946-06-02
Intelligence Schools

The plans of the Army and Navy
for establishment of intelligence
schools constitute a logical step in
the Governments decision to give
increasing attention to q phase of
military science. that was sadly neg
lected prior to World War II. This
prewar neglect Of the task of col
lecting and evaluating information
that will be useful in event of war
imposed on our armed forces the
handicap of totally inadequate
knowledge concerning the enemy.
Before the war the Government con-
sidered it impolite and unnecessary
to maintain an effective intelligence
system here and abroad, with the
result that when war came we often
lacked even the simple geographical
facts needed to formulate plans for
a particular attack.
Having learned our lesson the hard
Evening star., 1946-06-02
Beautiful Month

June is a month of beauty. Gone
now is the hesitation of May with
its starts and stops, its days Of cold
cloudiness, its days that begin with
warming sun and then change to
overcast: This is the climax time OF
the year. Days are long, and there
is heat in the suns rays that gives
urgency to growth. It is the time
OF loveliness on the land.
Both the beginning, and the end
OF light time have long minutes of
haunting beauty. He who will rise
early enough to watch dawn's ar
rival on a clear day can make a
memory scrapbook of glorious pic
lures. First the dim, pearl-gray
fingers of light stretch upward above
the horizon, gradually pulling aside
the night curtains. Then begins the
glow OF a new day, and streaks of
pink, orange, red and purple play
against the blue-black sky. All the
time more light is creeping out, and
bit by bit the meadows, pastures and
fields throw on the coverlets of
darkness.
And when the sun has wheeled its
high-circling course across the blue
and days end approaches, again
there are moments of beauty. Like
a flaming red ball, the sun sinks
toward the horizon. As it dis
appears gorgeous colors play in the
cumulus clouds above. The hills are
giant bonfires Of colored flames that
move back and forth, up and down.
reds, scarlets, blues and puppies that
slowly deepen and at last fade away.
Then comes the time of shadows
and the long, gray scouts of the
night begin to finger their way
across the landscape. The chimney
swifts put on their evening aerial
circus. As dusk deepens the whip
poorwills send their poignant plants
across the field and the monotone
bass symphony Of the frogs. comes
from the swamp. As the country
man sits on his porch and watches
the firefiies' evening ballet over the
lawn and garden he knows that June
!.high twelve OF the year.
Evening star., 1946-06-02
The FBI Jail Report

The summary of the Federal Bu-
reau of Investigations report on
conditions at the District Jail re-
leased by the Commissioners pro-
vides further evidence-from a re-
liable official and impartial source
of the deplorable state of affairs
which kexisted at the establishment
at the time of the recent jailbreaks.
The FRI agents found-as previous
revelations at the Capitol and the
District Building had indicated they
would find-"gross lack OF discipline
among certain guards, their supe-
riors and inmates; determination
between guards and convicts, "fa-
voritism," smuggling of contra
band" divided management, under
paid and inadequate staff, anti
quated buildings.
The brief digest of the report
made public by the Commissioners
hints at detailed findings of far
reaching import. These detailed
findings, contained in two volumes,
are being withheld by the Commis-
sioners because of what they de-
scribe as security reasons" That
is the only ground for suppressing
the complete report that can be
justified at this time. It may well
be that the report is SO replete with
disclosures regarding insecurity of
the Jail that publication would i'm
peril public safety until such time
as the defects are corrected. Final
publication of the report will show
to what extent the Commissioners
are warranted in withholding the
entire document. And there can be
no question as to the right of the
people of Washington eventually to
have full access to the FBI findings,
regardless of their nature or of the
officials or procedures criticized.
Evening star., 1946-06-02
Will 1t Work?

Inc oenaCe, IN Hnally passing an
emergency labor bill, removed from
it the main enforcement provisions
which had been recommended by
the President.
This was done in the face OF the
Presidents statement Friday that he
continued wholeheartedly to support
the bill In its original form. But
there is reason to believe that Mr..
Truman may not be too dissatisfied
with the modified measure. This
can be inferred from the fact that
Senator Barkley, who had voted for
the draft provision and who had
announced his intention to support
the President, took the lead Friday
night in sponsoring amendments
designed to soften the bills impact
on individual strikers. Presumably,
the majority leader did this with
the knowledge and consent of the
President, probably believing that
these concessions were necessary to
head of move to send the bill
back to committee.
In any event, the Senate has done
its work, and II the measure be-
comes law in its present form the
Senate will have to assume full
responsibility for 1t. The question,
of course, is whether the revised bill
would give the President adequate
powers to deal with another threat
to the national welfare like that
inherent in the recent railroad
strike. Under the bill in its modified
form, individuals who refuse to work
after Government seizure of an in
dustry could be deprived of their
job rights under the Wagner Act,
although this is penalty that would
be largely ineffective in tight labor
market. The rest Of the punitive
proviSions-the labor draft, the
possible loss of seniority rights and
the threat of criminal penalties
under the original bills Injunction
provision-have been killed by the
Senate, at least so far as individual
workers are concerned.
There remains considerable power,
however, to crack down on employ
ers and union leaders who might
undertake to defy the Government.
Perhaps this will be enough to
enable the country to muddle
through the immediate crisis, and
since the bill lapses after one year
it could be effective in any event
only in the immediate future. The
maritime strike, set for June Is, may
well furnish decisive test. II that
strike materializes, and II the Pres
ident invokes the powers which the
bill would give him, it is to be hoped
that we will not then discover that
the Senate has withheld from him
the authority needed to safeguard
the interests of the Nation.
Evening star., 1946-06-02

way, we are now setting up a Gen.
trail Intelligence Agency to co-ordi-
nate the strengthened intelligence
activities of the Army, the Navy
and the State Department. In seek
ing to strengthen military intelli-
gence the Army and Navy have rec
ognized a fundamental weakness of
the prewar setup, namely, the lack of
full-nedged schools to train intelli-
gence officers for their highly spe-
cialized duties. Time was in years
past when intelligence officers were
picked without special regard to any
aptitude or experience in intellf-
gence, but rather because of their
organizational and social connec-
tions, which were presumed to be
helpful in making contacts" and
assembling information. Under the
proposed reorganization the officer
assigned to intelligence duties will
have had the benefit of a course OF
intensive training under competent
instructors. This is the system used
by the efficient British and Russian
intelligence agencies. 1t is a system
that paid dividends under the test
of war and one that America cannot
afford to ignore If we are to keep
ourselves militarily strong and alert
in potentially threatening postwar
world.
Evening star., 1946-06-02
By Raymond Moley.

tanned at the Columbia establishment
for relatively next to nothing" in the
lire of expense. The Star for May 33.
1896, carried an advertisement to that
persuasive effect.
Front page space was devoted in The
Star of May 26, 1896. to long Associated
Press account OF the
Coronation ceremonies in Moscow
OF the Czor whereby Nicholas II
.. formally became au-
tocrat Of all the Russias. The corona.
tion rites took place in the Cathedral
Of the Assumption. Ancient religious
forms were used in the services. 1.-THE
weather was glorious, and the Kremlin,
the countless churches, the gold, silver
and colored cupolas everywhere were
resplendent with sunshine and the bells
Of all the churches, joining with those
Of the cathedral at the conclusion Of
different portions Of the ceremonies, ;,
broken now and then by the booming
of cannon, filled the air with q grand
music which thrilled even the most
impassive moujik." When the Car and
his wife, the Czarina, "attired in, all
imperial splendor," were seen to be
approaching, the crowds were quite
carried away by the intensity of the
feeling awakened. The spectacle
of the coronation in the cathedral was
impressive in the extreme. with its
splendor OF religious ritual and ths
solemn pomp of Russian majesty shown
in all its external phases" Nobody
guessed what the future held for the
Emperor and his consort. Their fats
was dark and tragic. Even now their
murder and that Of their children Is =
mystery unlikely ever to be solved.
Evening star., 1946-06-02
Swiss-AIIied Agreement

After long weeks OF negotiations,
in which our State Department took
the lead, the Swiss and Allied gov
ernments have at last signed . for
NAL agreement on the thorny ques-
ton of German assets in Switzer-
land.
The details of the agreement,
which are highly technical, are less
important than the principle in
volved. Briefly, Switzerland agrees
to turn over about so per cent of
German-controlled assets, estimated
at as high as $750, ,000, 900, including
over $90,OO0,O00 in gold. The Allies
originally demanded the surrender
of all these assets, both to satisfy
reparations claims and to prevent
this capital from being used in the
future for possible war-making
schemes by Germany. q
To this, the Swiss objected that
the demands ran counter to inter-
national law as it had existed up to
the formation of the United Nations,
of which they were not a member
and were therefore not bound by
novel Charter provisions. Another
objection was that the demands
contravened Swiss federal law,
which extends strong safeguards to
foreign capital under the Swiss ira
dition that made that country a re-
pository Of foreign capital and aided
it in its historic banking role. When
the Allies applied economic pres
sure, especially the freezing OF
$1,500, 100000 of Swiss assets in this
country, popular indignation was
aroused in Switzerland and the
Swiss official attitude was extremely
stiff. As can be seen, the final ar
rangement is compromise.
It should be understood that
Switzerland is only one of several
neutral countries containing Ger
man assets aggregating several bill
lions OF dollars. The arrangement
with Switzerland is presumed to
pave the way for successful nego-
tiations with Sweden, which will
now get into high gear. Other
countries involved are Spain, Por-
tugal, and several Latin American
countries, notably Argentina. It
should be noted that the Latin
American nations are members of
U. NJ, whereas Spain is not. Neither,
Of course. Is Sweden.
Evening star., 1946-06-02
Men at Work at PRAYER
By the Req. Dr.. Charles A. Hart,

'e Catholic Uniuersity OF America.
Jesus Christ. true God and true Man,
At once Priest and Victim, through
His ordained priesthood Of the New
Law, offers Himself to His Father
spokesmanship that not even the
angels could equal. Truly it ID the
Mass that matters, for the Mass, or
Eucharistic Sacrifice, is precisely that
perfect tribute.
Il X Il X
In this critical hour OF mans his
tory, when confusion fills the minds
OF men everywhere and they seem to
have lost confidence in themselves,
1t would be well for thoughtful men
to pause for stock taking. Such an
inventory necessarily would include
this question Of mans highest pur-
pose OF existence in order that all
other. necessarily Lesser purposes
might be orientated towards the
supreme one-as befits an orderly
life for man of himself and for the
community Of men.
Sound reasoning has led us to find
that highest human purpose in per-
sonal and communal worship of the
Creator in the manner ordained by
the Creator through His Son, in
carnate in Jesus Christ. Unless man
and his community do that they
are abdicating their supreme role of
spokesmen for the Universe.
First things first. Seek ye first
the kingdom Of God and His justice
and then all these things shall be
added unto you"
In that hour Of universal worship,
it shall be given to man what else
he must say and do, not only for his
salvation hereafter. but for any
measure OF freedom and happiness
he may hope to attain here and now.
Everywhere in countless numbers he
has abdicated from his high vocation
and has been seeking to lift himself
by his own bootstraps.
Is 1t any wonder that, in his un-
enlightenment, he is confused and
feels defeated? Only man at work
at prayer, men on their knees before
God, can receive from their Creator
what He has ordained for their
salvation.