davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-03-01
TAX FOR WAGE INCREASES

HIGHER prices appear to be the formula for settin
i strikes.
II manufacturers permitted to get more for thei
goods they will naturally be In position to pay hghe
wages. Perhaps Il Is the only way out
But what such a settlement means Is this the
wage increases which labor has demanded are go
ing to be paid by the people. When you pay more
for a new than the price named in the original
ceiling, you will be paying that extra amount in
order to help meet the wage increases demanded
by the automobile workers. All along the line,
matter what you buy, "tax" will be added for
wage increases.
The people who will suffer most from this limited inhs
ton will be those who didn't strike who don't belong
unions and who will have to pay higher prices withou
getting any increases in income.
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-03-01

Paul Hannah. superintendent OF
the Shell oil Company OF Coolidge,
had a new roof placed on his beau
tiful residence last week Charles
Elledge. local mechanic. was In
charge OF the work.
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-03-01

Mrs. Clark ]. Wells is reported as
recovering from a major operation
in a Phoenix hospital Friday. All
hope that she win soon be home
with her family.
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-03-01

The Coolidge Union High School
board met at 10 o'clock Saturday
morning and opened bids submit
ted by contractors for the con-
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-03-01

f. ID. Chandler. merchant. who
lives on the Casa Grande highway
southwest OF Coolidge is putting
$50 acres OF new land into culti-
yation on his ranch. Workmen are
busy grubbing the land and Don
Paul OF Coolidge is drilling a well
on the ranch.
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-03-01

The little daughter OF Mr. and
Mrs Boss Storie had serious &C
cident last Monday when she suck.
ed a grain OF corn into her lungs
She was carried 10 a Phoenix hos.
pital where. after considerable
time AMI much trouble. II was re-
moved.
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-03-01

Otis Sasser and George Hayduke
went TO Ray Sunday and Joined the
golf tournament George returned
with first flight honors.
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-03-01

r. F. Fennell is building an addi-
ton to his dwelling on North Main
street.
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-03-01

w. r Sewell OF Tucson visited
Mr.. and Mrs. Sam Fisher the first
OF the week.
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-03-01

church building converting it into
a dwelling. where he plans to make
his home.
The Coolidge examiner., 1946-03-01

Charles Elledge has sold the
property on which the Baptist
church is at present located on
North Main Street, to +. H. Barker.
of East Coolidge. The Baptist folks
plan to have their new church
building located on Fourth Street
and Pima Avenue completed in 30
days, after which Mr.. Barker will
build an addition TO the present
Evening star., 1946-05-16

order to save something of the act, was
forced to take it. But before July !
rolls round, another battle to retain the
draft system in effective form, will be
fought out between the Senate and
the House.
The scuttle and run maneuvers of
the House have taken place despite the
TACT that not single peace treaty with
any OF the former enemy nations has
been entered into, and despite the fact
that Russia is apparently intent upon
forcing its will and its form of govern
ment upon many of the smaller nations
OF the world. How the western democ-
racies can be expected to hold their own
against this totalitarian drive if the
United States permits itself to become
weaker and weaker from military point
of view is the S64 question. Certainly
the Soviet government is continuing to
maintain and to build up the Red Army;
certainly the Soviet government has
shown itself constantly determined to
have its own way in meetings of the
Foreign Ministers dealing with peace
terms and in the United Nations.
1t is trite to say that Russia does not
NScAAC wal Al 1lQSSld ltuld1IlS
and the United States goes weak, Russia
will not have to go to war to obtain
her ends. In case the United States
should decide to withstand these de-
mands, as measure of justice to other
nations, the country would be in no
position to beck up its decision
1t Is clear that Russia intends to
dominate the United Nations-that Or
ganization Of Nations which year ago
was so hopefully blue-printed at San
Francisco. In London last winter. and
in New York this spring, the Soviet
government has made it increasingly
evident that if it cannot have its way
it will take a walk"-as Mr.. Gromvko
did in the Security Council not so long
ago. The easiest way to drift into the
position OF the great appeaser is for the
United States to permit itself to be-
come militarily weak
The vote in the House inserting Grip
pling amendments in the Senate Joint
resolution extending the draft to July
l was 213 to 154. Party lines were dis
regarded in the voting-nevertheless
the majority of the Republicans main
tanned their record in opposition to
national defense measures in time of
peace, for 119 of them voted for these
amendments
Evening star., 1946-05-16
Futile Proposal

1t is hard to think of anything
that would be more time wasting
and more fruitless than the investi-
cation of the strike situation which
has been proposed by the Senate
Committee on Education and Labor.
This committee has we'll earned
its reputation as the burying ground
for any legislation opposed by Or
ganized labor. Repeatedly, in past
years, it has refused to let the Senate
act on corrective labor bills passed
overwhelmingly in the House, &C
complishing this by the simple ex-
pedient of filing the measures away
in a committee pigeonhole. 1t did
report outa bill this year-the Case
bill-but by the time that measure
had emerged from the committee
it contained nothing to which the
most critical union leader could
object. The language used by the
committee majority in making its
report is significant, however. I'VE
have concluded" said the majority,
that no enduring basis for indus
trial peace can rest upon the quick
sands of compulsion and force. Nor
are successful techniques for the
resolution OF labor-management dis
agreements to be found in specious
limitations upon fundamental DEM
ocratic freedoms such as the right
to strike"
90 It should be borne in mind that
the committee majority reached
this conclusion after extensive hear
ings on the Case bill and in the full
light Of the threat to the national
welfare arising out of the epidemic
of postwar strikes. Obviously, its
collective majority mind is closed
on the subject, and it would be a
sheer futility to entrust it with the
conduct OF another investigation of
the strike problem. If the Senate
feels any need of additional infor-
nation, it might be obtained through
an inquiry by special committee,
preferably a joint committee of the
Senate and the House. But it would
be useless to bury the problem once
again in the Senate Committee on
Education and Labor.
Evening star., 1946-05-16

ately will unbalance the price-wage stu
alton on the railroads, where a Nation
wide strike threatens: in the steel and
electric industries, in which wage in
creases recently were granted after
strikes. and probably in multitude of
other industries.
In legisla ting on the coal wage situa-
ton. therefore. Congress is dealing with
question that vitality affects the whole
national economy.
One of the peculiarities of Mr.. Lewis
proposed per cent levy on payrolls, to
provide welfare fund for his miners,
is that the least efficient mines would
be the hardest hit by it.
Only 2 to per cent applied to pay
rolls might take as much as 20 cents
per ton Of coal produced from the
poorest mines, compared with cents a
ton in the high production stripper
mine.
In arguing for a welfare fund. Mr..
Lewis has talked much of unsafe con-
ditions and the high accident rate, but
these two are only remotely related
The welfare fund, paid to the union
hardly would be used to rebuild or re-
equip privately-owned mines. The only
bearing of the welfare fund on mine
disasters would be to the extent it was
used to care for injured miners or COM
pensate families of dead miners, a serv-
ice already provided by State work.
mems compensation laws.
Mr.. Lewis mine safety demand is that
the owners agree to carry out all recon-
mendations issued by Federal mine in
spectors: this in spite of the fact that
Congress. after long and bitter debate,
10 years ago, fatty refused to vest these
inspectors with any but advisory au-
thority.
The congressional reason for this de-
cision was that Federal inspectors al
most invariably are former mine work.
ers and members of the UMWA. To give
mandatory authority to inspectors, 1t
was calculated would be tantamount to
vesting Mr.. Lewis with Government
backed managerial power over the en-
tire coal industry.
Evening star., 1946-05-16

Eventually a compromise was reached
whereby the total was reduced to $50.
The Americans and the British soon
discovered that their job was more diff
6cult than they had anticipated At
first they had difficulty obtaining travel
permits within the country The Yugo-
slav authorities were courteous when
ever an UNRRA official asked for I'm
ternal passports" but the OZNA (the
secret police patterned after the Soviet
NKVD) was always slow in granting
them.
charge of the rehabilitation of the min
ing industry received requests for the
tools and dynamite needed for the mines.
He demanded that he be permitted to
go and see for himself the quantity re-
quired, but he was never allowed to
do So Finally, he resigned in disgust
and Gen. Sergeichik Immediately named
a loyal Soviet citizen to the position.
The sale of UNRRA supplies by the
recipient government is not against the
provisions of the laws which govern
that organization. But they were not
supposed to serve as sources of reve-
nue., which according to the reports
received by the American Government
has been the case in YugoslaV.
The Yugoslav government, which had
an empty treasury after the collapse of
the Nazis, is now trying to refill it in
any way possible. Harsh methods have
been taken, such as arbitrary taxation
and change of the currency whereby all
citizens have had to turn in their old
money for the new and have received
only s98 regardless of their wealth in
the past. The balance is deposited in
state banks and the citizens are per-
mitted to withdraw only the equivalent
of $40 month.
These devices are not sufficient, be-
cause the Yugoslav budget provides
no less than 81 per cent of the "reve-
nue." for national defense. In order to
replenish the empty treasury much of
the "salsble' UNRRA supplies are be-
ing sold and the sums realized are cred
tied to the account of the government
Regional Director Sergeichik, who is
regarded by all as an able administra-
tor, is cooperating with the Tito gov
eminent and allows such transactions.
UNRRA's American and British Of
flclals are poWerless. Some who are
sympathetic with the Communist doc
trlnes and Tito's totalitarian regime
are not opposed to departing from
the spirit Of the laws governing UNRRA.
Others who take their jobs seriously
have already resigned, refusing to be
a party to irregularities which have be-
gun to come out in the open.
Evening star., 1946-05-16
Annapolis Exponsion

The Journal of the American In
stitute OF Architects for May contains
discussion Of the expansion of the
grounds of the Naval Academy at
Annapolis which should be of inter-
est to many persons outside the
circle Of those Immediately con-
cerned. At least four factors, it
seems, are involved in the problem
of continued growth as it exists
today. The first of these, naturally
is the academy itself. More room is
required to accommodate increased
activities. Three blocks of old build
ings in the City of Annapolis, now
bounded on three sides by academy
property, have been marked for
clearance and absorption. Part or
all of st. Johns College campus
and the structures standing therein
likewise has been sought for annexa-
ton. The fourth factor is the Naval
Academy Athletic Association, hold
ing more than hundred acres north
OF the college and in logical line
of academy progress.
AS early as July, 1945, reports were
circulated to the effect that the
Navy was negotiating for the pur-
chase of the thirty acres owned by
st. Johns. Coincidentally, oppo-
sition was expressed by alumni of
the college and by other citizens
who feared the destruction of his
toric houses in the academy neigh
borhood. The resultant controversy
still RACES. What the A. I. A. Journal
now does is to direct public attention
to the feasibility of expansion in a
different direction. The article says:
"The Navy can expand up the
Severn River" On the east bank OF
this stream, it already possesses
eight hundred acres. The journal
further suggests: "By narrowing Spa
Creek, building bulkhead and fill
ing in by dredging from the sandy
bottom of the bay, a vast parade
ground could be made by an opera
tion which would also create an
adequate channel permitting the
Evening star., 1946-05-16
This Changing World
BY Constantine Brown

The expenditures of UNRRA for Yu-
goslavia during 1945 and 1916 amount
to $3.50, 100000, sum representing near
ly the entire national income of that
country in 1888, the last normal peace
time year. Yugoslavias import trade in
the same year represented only one
sixth the amount which UNRRA Is
shipping in over two-year period.
There would be no criticism of this
lavish expenditure If the supplies were
distributed fairly and would answer the
purpose for which Congress has appro-
priated large sums for the relief of the
suffering people and the rehabilitation
of the countrys economic life.
But from all accounts, many of which
exist in the files of the State Depart
ment and are catalogued as "confiden-
tial," the Yugoslavian people themselves
are deriving little benefit from the
Good Samaritan actions of the Ameri-
can people. The vast quantities of food
and raw materials are being used by the
government, which exercises complete
though indirect control over them. Maj
Gen, M, A. Sergeichik, the former quar-
termaster general of the Red Army in
Iran, is now director of UNRRA in
YugoSlaVla and as such superviSes the
sale and distribution of the supplies.
AS an example of how it works, 81 900
long tons of sugar have been transported
to Yugoslavia. The sugar is being sold
on the so-called black market-which
is authorized by the governmental a
price equivalent to SIPS a pound. This
figure has been fixed by the Ministry of
Supplies, which controls prices in that
country.
In the last few weeks six American
and three British high-ranking UNRRA
officials in Yugoslavia have resigned, de-
spite the alluring pay and other advan-
tages as protest against the manner
in which supplies are being used.
When it was decided that Yugoslavia
would receive assistance from UNRRA
its former director, Herbert Lehman,
nominated Britisher as regional direc-
tor. This nomination was vetoed by
Marshal Tito. Mr.. Lehman then pro-
posed an American, C. B. Brock, who
before the war had large interests in
Yugoslavia. He also was rejected. Final
ly Mr.. Lehman agreed to appoint Gen.
Sergeichik.
AS soon as Marshal Tito gave his un-
restricted approval to the appointment
of the Red Army officer, staff of about
$50 British and American officials
gathered at Bari, Italy, to cross the
Adriatic and start their supervisory and
control work. The Yugoslav government
decided that the number was too large
and refused to grant the necessary visas.
Evening star., 1946-05-16
Coal Consumers Paw
BY Jay e.. Havden

When Montana's James E. Murray.
chairman of the Senate Committee on
Education and Labor, argued that Con-
gress should not attempt to legislate
concerning the coal strike because COL
lective bargaining is a purely private
matter between the employers and en-
ployes engaged. he certainly picked the
wrong industry to demonstrate his
thesis
Every coal wage increase in the past
has been passed on to the consumers in
higher coal prices and it is more than
ever apparent that the same will occur
this year
For 1914, the biggest bituminous coal
production year of all time, the profit of
the entire industry, before taxes, as re-
ported by the Office of Price Admins
tration. was only $4,000, ,OO0-about one
third of the estimated cost of an 1812 =
cent-an-hour wage boost, much less the
$70,000,000 welfare kitty John L. Lewis
is demanding.
During the period 1936-1939, the OPA
found, the average overall coal mining
net profit. before taxes, was only $685.
900 year.
** **
Asked why the great number of mines
.chronically In the red do not 60 out of
business, an expert for the National
Coal Association explained that mine
owners, before calculating profit or loss,
are permitted capital depletion allow
ance for coal deposits used up. The
owners frequently draw on these deple-
ton allowances, thus paying dividends
from capital
Coal is peculiarly matter of Gov
ernment interest because. of the large
proportion of it used in operation of
public utilities. Of a total domestic
consumption of 587,000,000 tons in the
year ending March 81, 1945, % per cent
was used by the railroads and IA per
cent for production of electric power
The remainder was divided approx
mately 20 per cent to the steel industry
20 per cent to all other industries and
% per cent to retail coal yards.
1t Is plainly apparent that any sub
stantil increass In coal wages immedi-
Evening star., 1946-05-16
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

Americas leadership - which should
mean the leadership of western democ-
racy-in world affairs is being under
mined at hOme-not abroad. Further,
it is being undermined by the attitude
and action of the very institution which
should baSically be its strength-the
Congress. Ever since the war ended the
national legislators have been in
desperate hurry to scuttle the military
strength which the country built up
at tremendous coSt-to win the war
Not only is the country's leadership In
the world being dissipated, but its
strength at home, its national defense,
is allowed to lag The President of the
United States and the military leaders
whose advice was needed during the
war-have strongly urged the extension
OF the Selective Service Act for at least
year. 1t is needed both to keep up
the strength of the armed forces and
to make it possible for men who have
been in the service for 18 months or
more to be relieved and permitted to
return to their homes and families. 1t
is needed, moreover to make the world
understand that the United States does
not intend to be caught mapping again.
as it was in 1917 and 1941, with its de-
fenses entirely inadequate.
Members of the House of Representa-
tive, however. as we'll as considerable
number of Senators apparently have
one thing in mind-getting men out of
the armed services as quickly as pos
sible and at the same time preventing
the draft of others to take their places.
They either are not thinking the problem
through-or they are thinking of votes
in the coming primaries, when they must
be renominated. and of the November
election when they must be reelected.
So the House passed a bill declaring
a draft holiday until next fall, and add
ing to it provisions that the younger
men shall not be drafted anyway.
The Senate. unfortunately, never got
around to dealing with this legislation
although it was well understood that
the Selective Service Act would expire
May IS. In an eleventh-hour effort to
save the draft the Senate adopted res
olution to extend the Service Actin un-
changed form-until July /. The House,
Notwithstanding the earnest pleas Of
the administration leaders, amended
this resolution by inserting the provi-
sions against the draft Of the boys 18
and 10 years Of age. The Senate, in
Evening star., 1946-05-16
Peucetime Coust: Guard

The difficulty which the House
Appropriations Committee said it
encountered in seeking to reduce
Coast Guard appropriations to
somewhere near their prewar level
Is understandable in view of the
postwar responsibilities which the
TreaSury's navy" must assume. In
the future. largely as a result of
wartime developments In electron-
les meteorology and air-sea rescue
work. the Coast Guard will be called
upon to operate in much wider fields
than before the war.
The series of loran stations es-
tablished along the coast to guide
American combat and cargo ships
during the war is to be retained and
expanded by the Coast Guard as
peacetime service to ships of all
nations. Loran, word derived from
'long-range navigation" is an cleo
tronic device enabling ships at sea
to determine quickly their exact
position, regardless of fog or dark
ness. These invisible lighthouses"
should be tremendous boon to
mariners; particularly in the North
Atlantic, where visibility is often
limited by fog and rain. The Coast
Guard also will maintain floating
weather stations in the Atlantic and
Pacific for the benefit not only of
surface vessels but of aircraft. The
air-sea rescue organization. which
proved OF so much value during u
boat attacks on Allied shipping off
the East Coast is to be continued
under Coast Guard auspices as an
other Government contribution to
the safety of those who cross the
ocean by ship or plane.
Against this background of serv-
Ice the $19,734,0O0 cut made in the
budget estimate of $133. 900. 900
appears to be substantial one.
Nearly half of this reduction is to
be applied to personnel, especially in
the high-ranking brackets. Even
30. the Coast Guard will have 1000
Evening star., 1946-05-16
largest vessels to come to the
academy"

largest vessels to come to the
academy"
The A. I. A. concludes by declaring
that: 1T is easily possible to have
In Annapolis an augmented Naval
Academy and also st. Johns College
- =, If the Navy expands in direc-
tions where large tracts of land are
now available" Under certain con-
ditions, some of the golf course of
the athletic association might be
acquired. The sponsors of the
journal article surely are not un-
in their desire to save
"the incompatible buildings of the
college and of the rest of the city
and their setting as a great
local and national treasure"-at the
expense of large available areas
OF unoccupied ground.
Evening star., 1946-05-16
Letters to The Star
Urges Cooperation With Britain
For Sound Peace

To the Editor of The Star:
Some commentators, with consider
able assurance and authority, have at
tempted recently to ascribe to Great
Britain and Russia common inten-
ton to create strong Germany to
serve their own ends in Europe. This
seems to me to be without basis or logic.
Worse still, it might result in an
estrangement between the United
States and those two countries.
The policy of the Soviet Union to
communize its zone in Germany is obvi-
Gus, as also its natural desire to spread
communist control over Western Eu-
rope. The organization of 200,0 900 Ger
man youths by the Russians is most
significant.
Great Britain, the United States and
France certainly have no such policy
Unfortunately, they are not agreed on
any policy.
France, in her fear of strong Ger
many, desires to have the rich indus
trial region Of the Ruhr administered
as detached international enclave.
Great Britain believes that the Ruhr
is essential to the economic independ-
ence of Germany in order to produce
enough goods with which to pay for i'm
ports of food and other essentials. Min
lister Bevin has asserted that an i'm
poverished Germany would be men,
ace
To infer from this that Great Britain
and Russia desire to create a strong
Germany which either might use in the
game of balance of power seems utterly
unwarranted. So far as Great Britain
is concerned, it is an unjust suspicion
II believed by the American public, it
might result in disastrous naralvsi. ~
our diplomacy.
No one fairly can question our desire
to work harmoniously with Russia and
Great Britain. But Russia now is MAX
ing this painfully difficult. Great Brit
ain, under liberal Labor government,
is striving patiently to strengthen the
United Nations and build sound peace.
We heartily should sympathize with this
policy. We should be on our guard
against any arguments, no matter how
we'll intentioned, to weaken our faith in
Great Britain. There can be no sound
peace unless the United States and
Great Britain stand firmly together now
as in war.
PHILIP MARSHALL BROWN,
President of English speaking Union.
Washington Branch.