davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-05-03
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

caviar and champagne instead Of pot
roast and beer. But in the black mar
ket economies of Europe, where some
have meat while others starve for q
crust of bread, political hatreds and
unreason eventually pass out OF all
control.
Every one of the occupying powers
stands in danger of a chaos that will
be hard to guide into any constructive
channels whatever. When we read, as
We did last week. that American cor
respondents at the Nuremberg trials
are having set before them 1000 calories
day. we must wonder whether we
have taken leave of our senses.
U. N. discusses Iran and Spain, and
in Paris peace treaties are being nego-
tiated. But the primary problem that
confronts the victorious nations is mass
hunger, and that can confound all po-
htical plans. In this country a report
OF the Bureau of Agricultural Eco
nomics, Agriculture Department, fore
casts, Civilian food consumption per
capita is expected to be larger in 1916
than in 1945 or 1914. = 3 1t is expected
to exceed any previous year. = = The
consumption of wheat cereal products
will be higher than before the war
though somewhat below 1945. The aver
age of 1850 calories per person per day
is expected for 1916. compared with
$3.50 in the period 1885 1899"
X X
This is shocking report. An aver
age of 1850 calories per person, includ-
ing small children and the old. means
that many persons are being gluttonous
to the detriment, even, of their health
Food requirements vary, as to age,
height, body weight and occupation
Growing children especially require a
daily gram or gram and half of pro-
tein per pound of weight for perfect
nutrition. Heavy manual workers re-
ouire more than sedentary workers, etc.
But an average of 5000 calories per day
If Systematically rationed, the rest being
diverted to famine areas at the source.
would be an entirely adequate stand
ard and would save nearly 47,0O0 000, 900
calorles Of food per day. That Is enough
to feed 23,500.000 persons 1000 calories
per day. half the population of the
United Kingdom or France.
I have not the slightest doubt that
the American people would do this, if
the rationing was as fair as it has been
in England, and If an American relief
organization. absolutely free of political
shenanigans. distributed the food. To
call on individuals to solve mass prob
lem will not work. The selfish and
hoggish, not the starving, will get the
food that the sensitive and sacrificiaI
give up. voluntary" sacrifices penalize
the generous and never touch the
callous.
tRe1eased by the Bell Syndicate. Inc)
Evening star., 1946-05-03
Nature the Miehtier
BY David Laurence
From the Hartford Courant.

Nature has given us deadly reminder
that mans puny experiments with
atomic energy are still childs play as
far as destructive power is concerned.
The tidal waves that have wreaked
havoc in the Pacific have far exceeded
In intensity any repercussions expected
from the bomb tests in the Bikini Atoll.
II they finally are attempted. The rag
Ing seas resulting from the under
water earthquakes in the Aleutian re-
gion carried death and destruction from
Alaska to Hawaii and even to California
and to Peru. Final death toll is ex-
pected to be in the hundreds, and prop
erty loss in the millions of dollars.
Hardest hit by the massive waves was
Hawaii, where state of emergency has
been declared to restore order. This
disaster should jar us from our COM
placency about our growing under.
standing and control of natural forces.
Man can invent terrible agencies Of
destruction himself, but they ara
dwarfed by the awesome exhibitions
that nature still produces. Had the
earthquake occurred a few miles Off
the Atlantic coast, instead of in the
distant reaches OF the Pacific, we would
probably be more acutely aware of the
fact
Evening star., 1946-05-03
An Important Distinction

LII nlS statement TO the Senate
| Naval Affairs Committee on the
service merger legislation Secretary
or the Navy Forrestal drew a sharp
! distinction, which should be under
stood but which has been too much
obscured in the controversy, be-
tween unity of command in the
field and one-man control of ma
tional defense planning at home in
peacetime. The Army's merger
plan, he said, fails to differentiate
I between single command such as is
F. necessary in the face of the enemy,
and the democratic processes and
procedures which are the basis of
our Government at home"
Unity of command in the field
during wartime is a demonstrated
and generally accepted necessity. So
is the delegation, by Congress, of
wartime, dictatorial powers to the
President. But the powers which
must be given to "one man" in war
{ time and all the resulting controls
over what the citizen can eat wear
and purchase with the money he is
permitted by Government to earn
are in peactime contrary to the
fundamental theories of our form of
government and are tolerated only
so long as the emergency exists.
1t is strange, therefore, to hear
ridicule of command by committee"
and to hear otherwise stalwart de-
tenders of the democratic processes
declaring that only through one
man control of our national defense
agencies and planning in peacetime
can we attain necessary national
security. For our whole system of
government is based on the theory of
command by committee" and the
thought of peacetime dictators in
any field should be repugnant to
those who believe in these demo-
cratic processes.
Given the necessary authority,
direction and machinery for co-ordi-
nation, the men heading our War,
Navy and State Departments should
be able to do better job of defense
planning than the elaborate organi-
zation under the one man in whom
the service merger advocates wish
to place such omnipotent authority.
It is distressing that preoccupa-
tiol1 with the idea of unity of the
War and Navy Departments under
one man, in addition to the bitter
ness it has created, continues to
delay the steps which should be
under way now to provide for sys-
temized coordination of Army and
Navy budgets, elimination of waste
full duplication and common adop-
ton of defense plans.
Evening star., 1946-05-03

The fruits of the report of the Anglo
American Commission Of Inquiry on
Palestine are already obvious. Its find
ings are acceptable neither to the Jews
nor to the Arabs. This was not un-
expected.
For several years the matter of a
Jewish state in Palestine has been
made into a political football in this
country, while the British have been
more preoccupied with staying in
medans in India than in placating the
clamors Of the advocates for Jewish
state.
The report of the committee is, at
best, a platonic expression of gen.
eralities on the part of its members
who have studied the question on the
spot, and it contains recommendations
such as opening up the gates of Pales-
tine Immediately to 100000 displaced
Jews in Europe.
There is nothing new in this pro-
posal. The matter was discussed re-
peatedly in Congress during the war,
when Senators and Representatives in
troduced resolutions asking the United
States to go on record as favoring
such immigrations to Palestine.
The Churchill government threw the
ball back to the United States by saying
that II Congress pressed the issue
America would have to share the re-
sponsibility of keeping law and order
Gen. George G. Marshall, then chief
Of staff, drew the attention of the
lawmakers sponsoring the legislation
to the fact that force of between 50,-
600 and 100000 American soldiers would
be required to meet the British condi-
tions. And the matter was quickly
dropped by both houses.
The restlessness and indignation re-
ported existing among the Arabs as a
result of the suggestions Of the Com
mittee of Inquiry are due to certain
extent to the pledges King 1bn Saud
and the Syrian Premier received from
the American Government in regard to
Jewish immigration to Palestine.
1t will be recalled that on his return
from Yalta President Roosevelt had
long interview with the ruler of Saudi
Arabia. At that meeting, aboard an
American man-of-war, Mr.. Roosevelt
promised that nothing would be done
regarding Palestine without previous
consultation with the Arabs. This
promise, which is said to have been
dictated by reasons of expediency-as
was the case in several other instances
when this country reneged on its Of
f1cially announced pledges-counts with
the Arabs
Now the British, who have always
been 'lukewarm" toward setting up
Jewish home in Palestine, are once
Evening star., 1946-05-03
Mr.. Browder Perturbs

The ordinary, nondialectical mind,
unhampered by Marxist rigidities
and seeking only to refresh and
amuse itself, can skip happily from
speculation to speculation to ex-
plain why Earl Browder has gone
abroad and is perhaps even at this
minute on his way to Moscow. But
among the sober-sided members of
the Communist party in America,
especially among their leaders and
among those whose duty it is to edit
the intellectually acrobatic Daily
Worker in New York, this is no time
for mental giddiness.
Only yesterday, it seems, appar-
emily taking their line from Comrade
Duclos of France, who apparently
took his from the home office, our
Communists grabbed Mr.. Browder by
the scruff of his neck-fguratively
speaking-and threw him out into
the cold, capitalistic world. He was
charged with sins of the worst kind
against the dogmas of Marx and
Lenin. He was a wrecker, a rene
gade, diverSionist, an antiaction-
list, "a rotten liberal" a faithless
one who had cottoned up to the
kind of people one meets in the
National Association of Manufac-
turers and big banking organiza-
tions. Clearly case of apostasy, so
out with the scoundrel!
Today, however, Mr.. Browder is
headed for Moscow, and there seems
little doubt that he is headed that
way at Moscow's invitation or COM
plete acquiescence. The thing is
enough to stagger and confound the
mind of even the best Marxist dia-
lectician. What syllogism is there
at hand to explain it neatly in the
Daily Worker? Alas, there is none.
The best that can be said of the in
cident is that it only goes to show
how befuddled are the capitalistic
libelers and imperialistic detractors
and all those other Trotskyite di-
versionists who say that the Com
munist party in America is the
mouthpiece of the Kremlin.
AS for the rest of the story, as
for just what Mr. Browder is up to.
as for what is likely to happen when
he returns, let f1ighty minds find
whatever amusement they can in
speculating over that. Good Marx
lists, humorless as usual, see nothing
funny in it. Far from being amused,
indeed, their hearts burn, their
brains bubble with CONSERVATION
their pens falter. their dialectics
fail them, all is baf1ement and sur
prise, and there is no peace Of mind
Evening star., 1946-05-03
PerOn'S War of Nerves
By Rayn nond NJ oley

Reports from Argentina make it clear
that the victorious Peron forces are
feeling their oats. The Foreign Min
lister, in commenting on our State De-
partment's statement of policy, was not
friendly. They smart over the Blue
Book and Assistant Secretary Spruille
Braden's outspoken views have been
deeply felt. Apparently, when you
strike at Fascist or semi-Facist gov
ernment, you must not let the blow be
detected. And in this case the blow
was parried by fairly free election, in
which the voters of Argentina re-
pudiated the official views of the United
States.
The most serious manifestation of
the Peron diplomacy is an increasing
war OF nerves against Uruguay Eco
nomic pressure against Argentinas
small neighbor has been under way for
three months. Other means of irri-
tation have been resorted to- In it's
externals the conduct of Argentina re-
sembles the aggressive diplomacy of
prewar Italy and Germany. Even the
terrific barrage of radio criticism
against the government of Uruguay
resembles the TRADES that Fascist gov
ernments used to carry on against
neighbors which were trying to resist
aggression. There is also the business
Of calling the leader of the totalitarian
party in Uruguay to Argentina, pre-
sumably to build party solidarity across
national lines
Peron Is n resourceful leader. But he
may overreach himself in the flush of
his victory. That is the hope of mod
crates In Argentina and elsewhere in
South America.
There is no question about the effect
Evening star., 1946-05-03
This Changing World
By Constantine Br0,vn

more throwing the ball across the
American fence.
Prime Minister Attlee has informed
the American Government that it must
share the responsibility of keeping order
in Palestine If suggestions of the COM
mittee are to be fulfilled, in the same
way it took the responsibility of bring
ing the entire question to head at
this time
The administration in Washington Is
not the least bit anxious to provide q
military force to remain in Palestine
indefinitely. This reluctance is based
on two factors.
In the first place, we do not have an
available military contingent to make
an expedition to Palestine. The general
staff is worried about its ability to
maintain a token force in Europe,
where we are compelled by treaty obl-
cations to keep an army of occupation
until peace pacts have been signed.
Enlistments in the Army are slow and
the Selective Service Act, which ex-
pires May is, may not be renewed
until after the fall elections. Under
these circumstances, the general staff
is compelled to give an unfavorable
reply to the British request that we
participate effectively in maintaining
order in Palestine.
On the other hand, for important
strategic and political reasons, the ad-
ministration is unwilling to risk the
enmity of the Arab world.
1t Is true that at present there is
an "unoflciaP Jewish force in PaIes-
tine estimated at about $4,000 men,
According to available information, the
men are full OF fight and are properly
equipped for guerrilla and underground
fighting
But whether they would be able to
hold their own if the Arabs outside
Palestine joined their coreligionists is
a different matter.
Both the American and British Gov
ernments are worried lest local out
breaks between Arabs and Jewish ir-
regulars extend into a first-class battle
in the Middle East. Moreover, it is
known to Washington officials that
Russia, while not a party in the dis
pute, has given hints to the Arabs
that they may reckon on Soviet as
sistance in the event OF real trouble.
This concealed threat worries Wash
ington and London even more than the
prospect of having to suppress fare
up in Palestine.
The threat made on Tuesday by Arab
spokesmen that they would look to
Russia for assistance if necessary would
normally be taken as an empty ges-
ture. Reports exist, however that there
was more than the naked eve could
see in the words of these leaders.
Evening star., 1946-05-03

of the State Departments defeat in the
Peron case. The prestige of the United
States in Latin America has suffered
a marked decline since the end OF the
war. Our huge war purchases there
encouraged overproduction and now the
reaction is setting in. There is already
some disagreement over our war-made
commitments. The bounteous way in
which we won good will during the
war will not win permanent influence.
And to top it all, we face the old
foreign trade problem of being an
exporter of many of the commodities
which South America wants to sell.
Once more Europe, including Russia, is
able to buy and sell in South America
in a way not permitted by the nature
OF our imports and exports. Peron
has already been approached by Soviet
emissaries eager to establish important
diplomatic and trade relations.
The bright spot in recent United
States Argentina relations has been the
appointment of George Messersmith as
our Ambassador. In my observation Of
American ambassadors and ministers
over a period of years, two men stood
head and shoulders over the others
Messersmith and Jefferson Caffery.
There will be little in the rapidly
moving politics of Argentina and her
neighbors which will escape our AM
bassador. And he can re-establish
American prestige. if any one can.
But the turn of events under Peron
is not happy one. It is no longer 4
question of Nazi agents operating in a
friendly Argentina. It is an Argentina
with an elected government that Is
beginning to use National Socialist
methods on its own.
tReleased by Associated Newspapers, Ins.)
Evening star., 1946-05-03
Back Yard Gardener

Across The ,Dd,n,. lush -gro,oing square
Floats ,oood-snnoke, keen upon the air,
And nel0-,D1s11ed sheets bIotu clean ard
70hite
Against the naisted morning light.
The fragrant melIoaoness OF May,
With birdsong, busy, blithe and aoy,
Surrounds the gardener as he hoes
The loan bet,Deen the leaty rotDs.
He stirs the lite deep In the soil,
In quiet moments OF his toll,
And strength OF earth ascends to bind
The cares that futter II, his mind;
And as he hoes ,Dithin his otDn
Small plot OF gardened ground alone
He gains the calnness OF a tree
That stands IN green serenity.
REID CROWELL.
Evening star., 1946-05-03

of a quadripartite military commits
sion in Italy.
To both those suggestions Mr..
Molotov made objections which,
though perhaps technically correct,
implied disinclination to negotiate
on matters clearly OF vital impor-
tance to that general European set
tlement for which, in the first place,
the conference had been convoked.
For it should be clearly understood
that Mr.. Byrnes' suggestion that the
foreign ministers meet on April Is,
in advance of the more general Dip
lomatic gathering originally sched-
uled for May 1, was intended, not so
much for the solution of specific
problems as to arrive at a psyche
logical meeting of minds that would
create the proper mental atmos-
phere in which specific solutions
would be feasible. If such an atmos-
phere be not created, the general
conference may be discounted as
well-nigh superfluous.
Our foreign correspondents draw
an ominous parallel between Mr..
Molotov's present transition from
amiability to stuff1ness and his
parallel change at the London Con-
ference last fall, when a similarly
brusque change occurred, heralding
his subsequent intransigeance which
prefaced the conferences disruption
in angry deadlock.
Should history now unhappily re-
peat itself, the one gain discernible
will be clear indication of whether
or not the western powers are going
to be able to do business amicably
with Soviet Russia. This is some
thing which public opinion as we'll
as official circles on both sides of the
Atlantic have come to feel must be
speedily ascertained. Indeed, it was
one of the reasons which prompted
Secretary Byrnes to suggest the
present conference. At a crucial
moment like the present one in
world affairs, almost anything is
better than continued incertitude.
Evening star., 1946-05-03

Says Soldiers Were Generous
To the Editor of The Star:
Last week there were several COM
munications in The Star regarding
Americas role in the current food crisis.
The sentiments expressed were scarce
ly recognizable as emanating from
American sources. Characterizing sew
eral of the correspondents was an I'M
mistakable spirit of rancor and re-
sentiment at having to share our food
with those unfortunates who now are
desperately in need of succor.
But saw the true American spirit
last year in Europe. Wherever an
American outfit would pitch tents,
there would appear cluster OF home
less, unfed people who begged for food
Our soldiers did not refuse them, even
when it meant less for themselves.
Throughout Europe, wherever the
American flag was carried, the unfor-
tunate of that unhappy continent saw
real generosity and had new hope.
JOEL RUBIN.
Evening star., 1946-05-03

A book published in 1871 contains
this affirmation: "The female Of one
of the emus. as soon as she catches
sight OF her progeny, becomes
violently agitated." Charles Darwin,
the eminent evolutionist. was the
author, and he might have been
referring in prophecy to the modern
human mothers instructive reaction
when she sees the deliberately
sloppy" getups in which both her
sons and daughters array them
selves.
Evening star., 1946-05-03

Or so the Daily Worker would
make 1t seem. Who with any milk
OF human kindness will not sympa-
thize with them bit at this mo-
ment? Browder, that worse than
dlversionist, that wretch of a per-
turbator!
Evening star., 1946-05-03
Static in the Attic
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
Some folks stick to shoes till they're
falling to pieces, and some hold to views
that have outworn their leases. Each
yields to the rubble that's right within
range; new shoes may mean trouble
and thinking means change.
Old thoughts, like old shoes, need oc-
casional bracing; both footwear and
views profit oft by new lacing, for while
you are winking at comforts appeal,
your shoes and your thinking get down
ut the heel. RAY H. EVERETT.
Evening star., 1946-05-03

There always is something taking
the Joy out of life. For example, a
New England settler in 1923 wrote:
"They are too delicate and unf1tte
to begine new plantations and COL
lonies that cannot enduer the biting
of q muskeeto."
Evening star., 1946-05-03

Musicians have hard time. More
than half century ago Oscar Wilde
observed: "1t one plays good music
people don't listen, and if one plays
bad music people don't talk"
Enakopravnost. [volume] (Cleveland, O.[Ohio]) 1918-1957, 1946-11-25
Dru6tEeni keledar

~. novembra, sfeda. - Druat-
vo 'MiTalka villa b. l73 ABZ
Pies Y avditoriju sloyenslEe.
ga narodnega donna M St
Clair Ave. ..
rs. neyambra (ZahvaiRi diu),
Getrtelk Pevski zhor s'zarjs'
Koncert v ayditoriju Sloyen.
skega narodnega donna ma S.
Clair Ave.
80. ROEembra, s0bota. - Drus.
two "Jutranja zvezda" st. 18i
ABZ ohhaja 25Ietnico s ple
som Y Slovenskem narodnen
.domu na st. Clair Ave.
1. decemhra, nedelja. - Zdrl,
zeni bratje SNPJ - Piles ,
zgornji dyorani Sloyenskegs
delavskega donna ma Water
loo Rd.
Z. decembra, sobota - Croatian
Pioneers GFU. Pies v avdito.
riju Slovenskega narodnegs
donna ma st. Clair Ave.
8. decembra, nedelja. - Pro.
sivne Slovenke krozek st. ]
pies " zgornji dvorani Slo.
venskega delavskega donna ma
Waterloo Rd.
Id. deeembra, sohota. -- Drus.
two Comrades" st. 566. Pies
Y avditoriju Slovenskega ma.
rodnega donna ma st. Clail
Avenue.
ID. decembra, nedelja. st. 10.
seph Cadets - Pies Y igor.
njidvoram Slov. delavskegs
donna na Waterloo Rd.
ID. decembra, nedelja. - Prize
ditey podruznice st. 48 SANS
v Slovenskem delavskem do
mu ma Waterloo Rd. v koris,
stare domovine.
~. decembra, Jnedelja. - Slov
sola SIND. Bozicnica v avdi.
toriju Slovenskega narodne.
ga donna ma st. Clair Ave.
~. decembra, nedelja. - Pies
Enakopravnost. [volume] (Cleveland, O.[Ohio]) 1918-1957, 1946-11-25

Nato je plaxnina poglsdom "a
strmel v Petra, ii je bill stopil
do kamre, Sc akrenil in bled
zpova obstal sredi izbe.
"Ai m ar nisi vedel, da sem
jaz Iaamerayal isto?'
f'Nedel", je dejal Florjan, ki
Sc je razburil in zamahnil z ro-
kama, kakor da nekaj nevsec-
mega pod Cd sebe. Rahel blesk
srda mu je zasijal v oeeh. eve
del', je ponoyil, ''toda tebi nj
sem skodoval. Pc vsem tenn .
hi vendar ne dobil dovoljenja T..
Ali maj bi mar 6akal, da me kdo
prehiti?'
"Kdo?' mu je Peter ostro Sc
gel Y besedo.
(Dolje prshodnji6)
Enakopravnost. [volume] (Cleveland, O.[Ohio]) 1918-1957, 1946-11-25
"Boljse je jesti zgance. kot Sc prodati tucu

NOR sem potoyal preko Aystri-
je in Madjarske, ker SO nass
proge se porusene. :.
.Doma in pri Mariji sem bral
Tvoja pisma, v enem Sc tudi pri-
tozujes, da Ii mic ne pisem =
res lie sicer, da skoro mic, ven
dar pa sem II pisal pred 3 me.
seoi zelo obsirno pismo z hoga.
to Ysebino. Prikazal sem ri v
enem objektivno sliko danasnje
Jugoslavije, okupaeijo it'd. ST.
Ger smatEam, da 81 pravilno po'
uGena O. nasih razmerah,; ven,
dar vern, da ii tako stefka kot
Payla in tudi Joze prikazujeje
danasnie razmere napacno, i
svojih sebicnih in popolnoms
nokNarjenih yidikov, bodia ds
Ito delajo zavestno in dosledne
mrznjo do vsega napredp
bodisi nezavestno u uxaljene sa'