davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1946-09-12

H. r. Smith, manager of the C. and
P Telephone company in Cumberland,
was in Oakland Tuesday on business.
Miss Ruth Moon, of near Hutton,
has gone to Waynesboro, Va, to Wis
it Mrs. Lulu Bowser and Mrs. Rachel
Kendall.
Mrs. J. 0. Lantz, Of Shepherds
town, West Virginia, is visiting Mr..
and Mrs. Lewis Weimer at their home
III the Park.
Mr.. and Mrs. Carl o. McIntire and
children have returned to their home
in Washington after visiting relatives
here for several days.
Born to Mr. and Mrs. Willard Hau-
ser, in Memorial hospital, Cumber-
land, on Wednesday, September II,
daughter, Charlotte Frances.
Henry Earring has returned to New
York City after spending a few days
here with his wife and family, at
their apartment home on State road.
Mr.. and Mrs. N. A. Coplin returned
to their home in Oakland last Sat
urday evening after vacationing for
week with relatives in Medina, 0.
Mrs. Mary Walls and Mrs. Frank
Shaffer, Kingwood, W. Va, visited
Mrs George A. Walls in Oakland on
Sunday afternoon.
Rev George d. Birk, Lutheran
pastor, was attending a meeting of
the Board of Directors of the Tress-
Ter Orphans home at LOUISVILLE, Pa,
this week.
Members of the Youth Fellowship
of the Methodist church had a picnic
supper and outing at the Leighton
cabin on Deep Greek Lake last Sun
day evening.
MIS-. Marvin Barton ana daughter
Judy, are returning to dfeer, >. T.,
today after having spent several
weeks here with Mr. and Mrs. Rob
ert l. Hoffman.
Gerald Johnson, while at work in
Fairmont, W. Va, last night helping
to install some laundry machinery,
accidentally broke his right arm be-
low the elbow.
odist conference will be held this
year September Is to %, at Tom
son Methodist church in Wheeling,
West Va.
MISS i1''. a1''' ''',' VI ''f'i''
,''' - was nv i'' O. I'SI' ~
,,N' ''','0 COW '''.'''' y, GU"
" wv ~ - M " :, N'''S' : '''Ni W -'i'
'''''' N'''N'
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1946-09-12
LOCAL NEWS

Copies of The Republican may be
obtained at Gonder's Cut Rate store
every day of the week at five cents
per copy, and at Hamill's Book
and Stationery Store every day of
the week, except Thursday afternoons
when the store is closed
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1946-09-12


,
MI ana Mrs' " i'iI"'' I ne anu
Dallas, N. c., where they will visit
friend. Mr.. Hugh Friday.
WI ana WI DoSu 'usn ana '''e't
cdughVei' returned nome MONDAY eve
Akron and Cleveland, Ohio.
WI ana MIS-. f'ahclS lower water
S'leet' returned TO oakland on i"eS-
gay dltei d V'S'I ol d 'e" DAYS III
Va.
-i'' '','" w. . >'o0's ~ ! - , '''' '''-
I'''''.' ,''V "i - " d '0'' AZ 'iV''ioi 'f''
l''2l,' ''''' '"''''''' i>'''u' vi, 'epteilioei
'n' ~ NV - 0''N ioi iiiNi -'i 100
=, O''I'''0''o'V ~ w. ioo''''S' o'o1\ o.,
i'0','',I ~, I'',, ''"'' '''''N GU, ''V'
'','f'N' '''.'' ~ ~ '',,'i q '''' g
I s', '' ,';t, 1 T:',' u.s. - '''
.J II A. p;tt;.,. r. ,t - N Ct.
..l,a ,.;.;,,,, -. 49, 1,.... o.,
-I n.1..''.
,,.a.,. ,.,4.,.s, - .,,,:, ,,S.'
Mr.. and Mrs, Henry Bonner, Mr.
vaa.la,.,;.. IN ,.Il. n.
a,,o..4. - NJ, a,J 71,., y NJ r.sI..
% C..,. ra... 1,,,,..1... r,.1..
Mr.. and Mrs. W. Duncan Patton
and daughter, who spent the summer
~ ~ ''N'''N va DnNP :, ~ ~
~, '''''S W. -, ii0''' '0V'
''' i''' NJ : '''NS AZ 'pe''' '''0
"'''''
There will be no services in the
Episcopal parish ON Sunday as Rev
Austin F.. Schjldwachter. rector. will
~ "', rI " y0"'" conner eh'e "'
,"t ''''i''f'i -i0oi' "VF''eiiiS' al
'Sei'''i ''o"'i'
J. Haig Jackson. who served in the
arn,v onginoa,,s dnr;pg tho ,ua,. roach
mo the rank Of liontonant colonel no.
entered tho sorvico on Mondav with
l1n ri tDI fc,- Il, 1
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1946-09-12

Mr.. and Mrs. Francis Cover, Water
street, returned to Oakland on Tues
day after a visit of few days in
Pittsburgh, Pa, and Morgantown, W.
Va.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1946-09-12

Mr.. and Mrs, George Perrinc an
nounce the birth Of son at Memorial
Hospital, Cumberland, on September
Q. Mrs. Perrine is the former Miss
Mildred Killius, Of Loeb Lynn.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1946-09-12

Mr.. and Mrs. William Fife and
Clay Uphold left here on Sunday for
Dallas, N. c., where they will visit
a friend, Mr. Hugh Friday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Boyd Paugh and their
daughters returned home Monday eve
ming after spending several days in
Akron and Cleveland, Ohio.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-06-13
A Progressive Senate

In passing by vote Of 40 to Is
the bill to reorganiZe Congress, the
Senate has COMPOUNDED those who
confidently predicted that the forth
right recommendations of the Joint
Committee on the Organization of
Congress would produce little or no
results at this session. Although
modified IN some respects, the meas
ure as adopted by the upper cham
Der is substantially in line with the
report Of the Joint Committee. Thus.
1t would not only reorganize con-
greSSional procedures so as to place
a checkreln on deficit spending,
compel registration of lobbyists. i'm
prove liaison between the legislative
and executive branches and promote
more effective research and staff
work, but would also reorganize Is
committee chairmen out of coveted
jobs.
1t was the committee reform as
pect of the measure which consti-
tuted one of the more touchy issues.
Yet the Senate voted to reduce, by
consolidation and elimination. the
number of Senate committees from
80 to IS. On another controversial
issue, hoWever-directly involving
patronage privileges Senate
backed down. This was on the pro-
vision to establish a merit system
for appointment and promotion of
congressional employees, to be ad-
mlnlstered under a central person.
mel department. The Senate bill
calls Tor an increase in members
salaries from $4,000 to $4,000
year and for retirement system
based on contributions by the DO
tential benefciaries and requiring at
least six years service for eligibility
to retire at 81. These pay and re-
tirement' benefits have long been
overdue.
The Senate has left to the House
the question Of reducing the num-
Der of House committees. The Joint
Committee recommended a reduc-
ton from 48 to 10, which would
abolish 80 chairmanships. Sinful
taneous membership on different
committees, too, would be limited.
Opposition to these and other inno-
vatlonS tending to reduce tradi-
t1onal rights" and prestige of the
legislators already has been ex-
pressed by prominent members of
the House and a vigorous fight is
predicted when the matter comes up
there. 1t would be unfortunate if
this first comprehensive effort since
1921 to nodernize the national legis-
lative machinery should fail for lack
of careful consideration in the
shuttle of Congress rushing toward
a July adjournment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-06-13

presenting China with something non
reimbursable.
The chaos. which is on the receiving
end, is China's own. China is deep in
civil war, from which no greasing with
American funds can remove it.
This war has been going on for nearly
generation and is getting more bitter
constantly. Behind the two major forces
involved stand the United States and
Russia.
Russia has secured majo concessions
in China with its half ownership of the
Manchurian Railroad and the treaty
ports of Dairen and Port Arthur, which
dominate the Yellow Sea. Russia has
stripped Manchuris of machinery and
now American funds are being used
under the UNRRA to repair these dep
relations. Russia pays nothing into
China and emerges on top strategically
and economically.
The United States opens the faucets
of Treasury credits to the Chinese.
complexities the present chaos and
emergeS empty-handed, with a first
class chance of being called imperial
lst'' or exploitive if it ever tries to COL
lect.
Sterilization loans" supposed to
settle Chinas currency, have barely
slowed the downward spiral of currency
value. Good evidence is on hand for
the belief that several private fortunes
have been founded on Americas semi
secret, foredoomed "loans"
- X
long overdue public bookkeeping of
past loans-not behind the Export
Import Banks doors-is urgently
needed
Any further credits to China should
be strictly in the form of surplus war
commodities, with permanent control
of their distribution.
A close should be drawn to Americas
abortive efforts at putting ceiling over
the Chinese dollar.
And finally, Gen. George c. Marshall,
solid and skeptical diplomat though he
is should be obliged to take any loan
proposals before the American Congress
on the same basis on which he often
took the Army budget.
Stability is not a purchasable COM
modify in China today.
(Chicago Daily News Foreign servics)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-06-13

neSota. however. the picture, except for
the lsolationist and standpaJ issues.
IS almost completely reversed The
Republican organization, and it is
strong one, is almost solid for Gov.
Thye, and against Senator Shpstead.
Also, unless reports are incorrect, the
Thye campaign is far better financed
than that of Senator Shipstead
Here in Chicago Republican leaders,
some of whom met here Tuesday to
attend session of the Executive Com
mlttee of the Republican National Com
mittee, take the position that the voters
OF the Midwest generally and of Ne
braska in particular are fed up. finally,
on bureaucratic rule, and that they
have been disillusioned in the matter
OF American collaboration with other
nations by the failure of the collabora-
tionlsts, so far, to make any headWay
with Soviet Russia. They say that high
taxes, food scarcities, the continuance
of the OPA and other Government regu-
latory agencies have put the American
people in a hostile frame of mind. The
failure of the Truman administration
in its dealings with foreign nations is
somehow joined in their minds with the
irrltaLonS over domestic issues.
So the Republicans are beginning to
believe that they can win the 1948
presidential election with anybody
Those with the purse strings are deter
mined. if possible, to have a conservative
candidate. 1t happens that most of the
staunch conservatives are also hostile
to such thoroughgoing international COL
as that advocated by Mr.
Stassen, by Gov. Dewey of New York.
and by the late Wendell L. Willkie and
the late President Franklin D. Roose-
welt.
Eventually the Republican party will
have to realize that it can get nowhere
If it remains divided on the subject Of
foreign relations. Senator Vandenberg
of Michigan, a strong believer in the
necessity of making the United Nations
a complete success, has through his
leadership of foreign policy in the SEN
ate, tried to make the COP a real sup
porter of international cola boration If
large segment of the Republican party.
and its organization. slump back to the
lsolationist idea, just because an isola-
zionist Republican has been nominated
for the Senate in Nebraska. it augurs
i'll for a united party, both in the 1916
congressional elections and in the
presidential election of 1948
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-06-13
New Crisis in ItuIy

The grave crisis which has arisen
in Italy comes to the outer world as
an unpleasant surprise. AS soon as
the overall results of the popular
referendum on the issue of mon
archy versus republic were an
nounced, the Provisional Govern
ment announced that the republic
had won, and it was thought that
the change would be effective with
mere formalities.
However, the electoral law requires
that the monarchy ends definitely
only when the supreme court for
malN announces the result. And the
court, although it has released
figures showing a republican ma
jority of nearly 100000 votes, de-
clines formally to announce its
decision until the last scattering re-
turns from remote precincts are in
and until monarchist charges of
serious irregularities in the baIloting
have been investigated. This has
led King Umberto to take the stand
that, while he is quite ready to bow
to the popular will, he declines for
mally to relinquish his throne and
quit the country until all uncertainty
has been removed as to the outcome.
The result is resurgence of the
factional passions that were all too
evident in the electoral campaign.
The result of the referendum dis
closed unexpected support for the
monarchy. Furthermore, this sup
port was sharply sectional, the entire
south and most of Central italy.
including the City of Rome, going
monarchiSt, often overwhelmingly.
While the more populous and wealthy
north was almost solidly republican.
The monarchists of the south
angrily protest the outcome and
even talk of secession and the estab-
lishment of South Italian King
dom, including the islands of Sicily
and Sardinia, which are solidly mon
archist. Hence the bloody rioting
that has broken out, especially in
Naples, the southern metropolis.
Unhappily, this sectional division
is nothing new. It has always
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-06-13
Who Proposed Ii?

What may prove to be one of the
most significant aspects of the state
ment from Justice Jackson has
received relatively little attention.
Mr.. Jackson was highly critical of
his colleague, Justice Black, for par
ticipating in the Supreme Courts
decision in the portal-to-portal pay
case brought by the United Mine
Workers But the question of
whether Justice Black should have
disqualified himself is something
that is hard to pin down. 1t is con-
ceivable, at least. that his decision
in the case might not have been in
fiuenced by any Of the factors cited
by Justice Jackson. But it is hardly
possible to put an innocent inter
probation on another aspect of that
case
1T was proposed" Justice Jack
son declared, ito hand down the de-
cision in favor of the miners with
out waiting for the opinion and dis
sent. The only apparent reason be-
hind this proposal was to announce
the decision in time to influence the
contract negotiations"
This latter reference is to the fact
that strike was then being staged
by the mine workers in an effort,
with other things, to compel the
operators to accept their view of
the portal-to-portal issue And JUS
tice Jackson reveals that some one
proposed that the court should de-
part from usual procedure and an
nounce the decision in a manner
which could only serve to strengthen
the hand Of the strikers.
This is an accusation of the ut
most gravity. Justice Jackson does
not say who made the proposal, and
this seems curious in view of the
candid nature of the statement as
a whole. The inference is, however,
that the proposal was made by one
of the justices, and as long as he
remains an anonymous figure the
good name Of all Of the justices will
suffer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-06-13
This Changing World
By Constantine Browu

Throughout his long military career
Gen. George c. Marshall has had to
weather many storms. During the war,
while he was Chief of Staff of the
United States Army and was a member
OF the Joint Chiefs of Staff, he fire.
quently had to skate on thin ice in order
to reconcile purely military matters
with diplomatic considerations. BY us
ing tact and patience he managed to
ride the frequently stormy waves
But never in his life has he had to
cope with a more thankless and diff
cult job than he has at present as chief
conciliator in China.
After the resignation of Mai Gen.
Patrick j. Hurley, President Truman
entrusted Gen. Marshall with the re-
SpOnSlbillty of reConciling the Chinese
National government and the Chinese
Communists. Gen Marshall realized
that this would not be an easy task.
However, he accepted the mission, in
the hope that by applying the same
methods he had used in Washington
during the war, he might achieve some
thing constructive.
President Truman's special envoy
went to China with the firm conviction
that ne had to settle a dispute be-
tween two factions which did not share
the same political beliefs. In spite of
some advice to the contrary, he re-
fused to take into considerat ton that
While the Kuomintang was a Chinese
political party under the leadership of
Chinese - regardless of how corrupt
some Of them might be-the Commu-
nlsts under the leadership of Gen. Mao
Tse-tung received not only "inspiration"
but definite instructions from Moscow.
Gen. Marshall overSimplified the Ma
Communist problem. He be-
lIeved that if he could get the leaders
OF the Communists to talk in a friendly
spirit with Generalissimo Chang Kali
Shek and his representatives about end
ing hoStilities everything would be all
right.
For this purpose he devised. as soon
as truce was signed several weeks ago,
three-man teams composed of Ameri-
can, Chinese National and Chinese
Communist officers.
This original setup did not work be-
cause Yenan was taking instructions
from Moscow and Moscow was using
China as an argument in the world
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-06-13
New Loan for China?
By George UeUer

SHANGHAI. China. Reports reach
ing here from Washington that the
United States Government is planning
another gigantic loan to China are en-
countering a reception in which in
credulity is mingled with the profound
est migiving.
Despite the peculiar latitude enjoyed
by the Export-Import Bank. nobody in
China except perhaps handful of gov
ernmental leaders had dreamed that
the United States would consider sink
ing further public funds in China under
present conditions.
Whether the loan was regarded as a
political or economic instrument. there
was. admittedly, no condition present in
China that could make further OUTLAWS
here justified And with the war now
over and the United States already
committed to more than half a billion
dollar share of the United Nations Re-
lief and Rehabilitation Administrations
help to China, even the warmest friends
of China were sure that the United
States had here expended the public
moneys far beyond rational limits.
Now, however. it seems that some new
sort of loan" or credit" variously esti-
mated at $5000000 900 to $7O0 100000, is
being considered or even has been
agreed in principle" Whether this
latest tossed-together 15-day truce in
China's 1S-year-old civil war is in
tended as an appropriate backdrop for
this new loan" is still not clear.
But Chinas Ambassador is en- route
from Washington to Marking, report
eddy to close the detail
The latest loan" may be described as
one chaos lending to another. The first
chaos is that of American financial re-
lations with China So many different
American governmental institutions
have loaned so much money, goods and
credit to China that, apparently, any
general summary of the whole record
does not even exist.
Reporters, here in China, who try to
get China's full record of its debt to the
United States straight, get as baffled
as reporters in Washington who search
for the same thing. The United States
Government has, in fact, dished out
help here like a many-handed Hindu
god and nearly every hand has been
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-06-13

political puzzle For a while 1t ap-
peared that the Marshall scheme would
succeed. But shortly after an agree
ment for cessation of hostilities was
signed the Communists began to break
1t. 1t was easy to trace back the rea-
son for this action. Russia retaliated
in China whenever the American Gov
eminent refused to continue the ap-
peasement policy in Europe. Gen. Mao
and his representative at Chungking,
Gen. Chou En-lai, found a variety of
pretexts for breaking the truce.
Gen. Marshall returned to Washing
ton in May to report to the Government
and discuss the situation. 1t was al
ready apparent that his plan was
doomed. But there was no alternative
except to try again. He agreed to go
back to China temporarily, until his
designated successor, 1t. Gen Albert
Wedemeyer, could be appointed as
Americas full-fledged Ambassador to
China.
Gen. Marshall proposed once more a
truce, which was accepted with alacrity
by the central government and the
Communists. The truce was to last for
Is days. and was to be regarded only as
demonstration of good will between
the conflicting groups. 1t lasted less
than three days.
Diplomatic observers are pointing out
that there will be hard shedding at
the coming Big Four Paris meeting and
believe that the turmoil which the
Communists are now creating in China
by repudiating the recently signed
agreement has something to do with
the conference.
Only an atmosphere of insecurity in
every section of the world, Moscow
thinks. could persuade Secretary of
State Byrnes to take the road to APP
peaSement once more.
Gen. Wedemeyer is expected to leave
for Marking before July l. He is fully
conVersant with conditions and person.
alltles in China. He has learned by bit
ter experience how little he can rely
on the signature of the Yenan leaders
whom he has treated with consideration
and courtesy. His success or failure as
diplomat does not depend so much
on his own knowledge but on the direc-
tives he will receive from Washington
where there still is a good deal of con-
fusion regarding our stand in the Far
East
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-06-13

existed, and reflects profound diff
ferenceS in economic conditions
social outlook, and temperament,
rooted in many centuries of political
separation before the relatively re-
cent attainment of Italian national
unity in 1870. The South feels that,
under a Republic, the domination
and what it calls the exploitation of
the North would be even more direct
and oppressive than under the mon
archy,, which served as an institu-
ton as well as a symbol above Sec
lions or parties.
The consequences of anything like
civil war would be SO disastrous to
all of Italy that the current crisis
will probably be somehow allayed.
Yet the sectional passions thus
aroused may be one more handicap
to Italian national recovery. And
the future of Italy is troubled
enough without any further compli-
cations
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-06-13

leplorable Variety of Progress
q the Editor of The Star:
Fhe ruthless murder of respectable
duggist calls attention to the enormous
lcrease in our crime rate According
tt the Director of the American Law
IEtitute, the increase in crime in the
tYo decades before the war was seven
tfnes as fast as the population growth.
one of our typical States, with a popu-
htlon of 2,700000, had 1902 900 in prison
tthe equivalent of large city,, while
Hgtand, with population of $4,000 900,
I'D only 25,46S incarcerated in 1888.
We are putting more and more of our
fople behind bars, and between one
faf and tWo-thirds are "repeaters.
"a tragic aspect is the contribution of
Yuth to crime. In 1914 persons under
I accounted for SIS per cent of all
urglaries, 80 per cent of all robberies,
" per cent of murders, 65 per cent of
CIR thefts.
What are We coming top Building
llger and better jails hardly seems like
a adequate solution.
Il WILBUR LARGE, Jr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-06-13
Going to Town

From the st. Louis Dispatch.
Spud Arsenault, the Canadian pros
pector who has suddenly come into pos
session of 100000 and a stock of gold
mine stock, is probably entitled to the
grand celebration in New York which
he is planning. After all when a man
has grubbed in the rocky soil for %
years and then hits a bonanza, he de-
serves bit of fling. And the prece-
dents set by such spectacular figures as
Coal Oil Johnny and Death Valley
Scotty are not forgotten.
But these two champion spenders did
their splurging in less trying day. a
day when newspaper accounts OF their
doingS were not tlanked by an inter-
view with a high Federal official who
said, I'VE face five years of famine:
these are the dry and barren statistics
Of catastrophe. Perhaps those words
of Undersecretary AcheSon. printed
alongside the news about Spud Arsen-
ault, will cause that fortunate man to
give thought to the unfortunate.