davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-11-21
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Evening star., 1946-02-22
W3x0-F.N.. l3.7o0 k.C.
Uncle Ruy'sCorner

On Washington's Birthday, it Il
interesting to think OF what this
famous man did to bring about the
American Flag as we know it today
No single flag was chosen for
American soldiers during the early
months Of the Revolutionary War.
Troops of one colony had a flag of
one sort, and those of another COL
ony had q different sort
Early in the war, Washington
himself designed nag which had
Is stripes on 1t, one for each Of the
Colonies which had gone to war. In
the upper left-hand corner was a
union jack" and this pointed to the
fact that the Colonies at that time
expected the union with Great
Britain to go on.
During the second year of the
war, the Declaration of Independ-
ence was adopted. This led to the
making of a new flag, to be used by
all the American forces.
It Is believed that Washington
played a part in planning the flag
with stars, Is well rs the one with
the union jack. According to a
widely-known story, he and two of
his friends paid visit to the home
Of Philadelphia woman, Mrs.
Betsy Ross, and asked her to make
q nag.
Complete proof Of the Betsy Ross
story never has been found, but very
likely it Is true. We know that a
woman Of that name lived in Phila-
delphia and told her children and
grandchildren about the event. We
Evening star., 1946-02-22

also know that the American Con-
gress approved resolution to pro-
vide q nag with 13 stars and. Is
stripes.
Evening star., 1946-02-22

To obtain a free copy Of the illustr 4 ted
leanet on THE Story OF China" send q
self-addressed, stamped envelope to Uncle
Ray in care of The Star
Evening star., 1946-02-22

Na Regulars wsItsMs e 6afdNsf back.
VOL. S:30-A new qsi1 program ia which
teams ere selected IRON smplsyss Of Federal
departments. tonight the State Department.
W0p, 8:30-iads DsrneII and Victor Bsses
appear.
MAl. s:0o-Aisa Yosas tails aissI u
Frank kofssas higA.pressufs ladies.
WkM, t0:00-A i0.reuad bout between
liqhtweiqhk Gus lesnsyieh and Lee On,.
Evening star., 1946-02-22
on TINE An TONIGHT

w INK NW 1VWT0HI.
M. si5-Iaks BY Maj. Con. Robert
ssiehtIsf. fsMMsadH sf The Rainbow Division
and Msj Gen. Harry Collins.
WR. 7:3o-oisk Powell and 6iany Simms
duet.
WINK. S:oo-A championship basket ball
plsyoff game between Coolidge and Tsth High
Lhools.
WR. S:30-RegiasId 6sfdiasf aad the Tss.
Evening star., 1946-02-22

M. to:30-6sy lsmbardo visits
W0p. t0:30-lomsdisn Jack Pearl sad
Georgia 6ibbs. guests.
WM. 10:45-6sn. Omar Bradley reports "a
ne Veterans Administration.
VOL. fi:30-JoAa |. Lewis is iatsvisvsd
On the labor picture.
MW. tt:45-WW Comdf. joseph staek
spesE on George Wsshinsfon's lnniyersry. -
Evening star., 1946-02-22
0oren on Bridge

Goren on Bridge
Neither side vulnerable. West
deals.
As32
28542
oQ73
0J107 WI 0KQ3
. A94 oK106S
= 1892 AJea
AoJ1o54
0A9s
oJG2
476
The bidding:
West. North. East. South.
4 Pass ant Pass
3NT Pass Pass Pass
Opening lead, queen of spades.
Today's hand we have seen many
times before, dressed in perhaps
slightly different garments. 1t deals
with the problem OF deciding which
suit to attack first as declarer at
no trump. The general proposition
that the longest suit should be de-
veloped first is in most cases sound,
but it is subservient to the prime
purpose Of the hand which is OBJ
tanning nine tricks before the op-
position gathers in five. Sometimes
shorter suit will more surely yield
the required tricks than one OF
greater length.
The bidding was quite normal.
East's response of two no-trump I
think Is the best choice. Inasmuch
as he is determined to play the
hand at game contract, little is to
be gained by temporizing with q
one over one response in diamonds.
Unless partner has q vary unbal-
anced holding, the future of the
hand is surely no-trump, and I
would prefer to give the enemy no
additional information to guide
them In the selection of an opening
lead and subsequent defense. 1t is
close, however, and IL the East
hand did not contain the jack of
clubs and the 10 of diamonds I
would not be inclined to give an
immediate jump, because that would
absolutely guarantee game, and
since my hand would then be some
what short of an opening bid,
would not choose to make such .
commitment. In that case / would
rosrsnpd uyifh n nr,n dja aronpa and oya~
two clubs would bid two no-trrmp.
which is = little bit less vigorous.
The queen of spades was opened
and taken by the king. Declarer
led a diamond to the king and took
the club finesse which lost. Spades
were continued. and declarer held
up to the third round. Since only
eight tricks were available, a heart
trick had to be built up, SO declarer
led that suit with the prayer that
North held the ace, but South got
in and cashed the setting tricks.
Declarer had played badly in going
for his longest suit first. He could
have insured the contract against
any holding by very simple play.
At the second trick he should lead
heart, his shortest suit. II the
king is permitted to hold the trick.
the club flnesse is taken immediate.
ly, and nine tricks are assured even
If 1t loses II South takes the ace
of hearts and continues spades, de-
clarer will take his ace on the third
round and attack the club suit in
perfect confidence. If North has an
other spade it will mean that South
had only four originally. If he has
no more spades, school is out.
The moral is: When some one is
trying to establish long suit against
you, your best plan is to first take
his entry away from him, and then
he cannot use the long suit against
you. The king of clubs could not b
an entry for South even If he had it.
The ace of hearts would.
Copyright, 1e46. By Charles H. Goren.S
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-05-18
High Cost of Strikes

Acceptance of the strike justified for labor to press it's claims for higher and better working dons which otherwise be secured has become eral
 Despite this fact the essenng of strike frequency and substitution of honest bargaining beforehand IS unqueston ably desired the rank and file of workers and presumably by management Washington has opportunity to render the American workingman real service by giving this problem the attention it deserves
 Meanwhile it is interesting to consider just how high the cost of strikes be- It is particularly costly to the worker who seldom has comparable financial to that which enables management to contemplate threatened strikes with complete equanimity.
 Writing in the New York Sun J. B. Wallach quotes the results of survey of the of the New Departure strike in Bristol recently completed by Factory Management and Maintenance magazine.
 Based on average take-home pay plus the increase which GM offered for seventeen week each striker sac feed $88O of income In addition it cost him $475 from his savings to support his family during the strike The total oss then, $1 335 to each average striker By sim pie process of arithmetic it be deduced that half years work required produce that amount of income When only the IS 20 cent increase gained by the strike is applied against this loss will require 175 fortyhour work weeks between three and four year to offset the income lost during the strike
 So much for the cost to the strikers Let's examine the cost to management The magazine survey est mates the New Departure sales loss in the strike period at $500O0O Maintenance costs added another $3O to the expense The first quarter statement of General Mo- tors Corp shows operating loss of $889 millions of which $53 million may be regained through tax recovere unless GM manages to show substantial profit for the rest of the year. Where stock is widely held is General Motors this loss affects not only the wealthy but the hous and who depend GM dividends to eke out their years living So ownership didn't do well in the strike either
 As for the public the city of Bristol lost pay roll of than $6OOOOOO It is estimated that Bristol merchants lost 3O of their business volume during the strike period and the cys relief bill upped by $5OOOO to care for the 1000 families aided.
 Try and figure out too the loss to Uncle Sam in taxes of sort another and what share of the money needed to make up those losses will be.
 It's the same old story-no wins strike Many phases of the Bristol strike unique yet this dollars and cents loss to all concerned to ali strikes in some degree Our government in Washington faces, not op porunity but necessity to formulate sort of for eliminating these costly strikes The Wagner Act the SmthConnay Law widely criticised and whatever their assets they have failed in this important respect they have failed to eliminate strikes suffering and economic hardship to the workers be avoided if prosperity ever to return to the United States formula for orderly recovery must be set up.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-05-18

 that may exercise the leadership have pledged and complete the victory we have so dearly bought That happened before.
 Selfishness to grab and gorge ourselves while millions of neighbors starve That happened be- fore
 Confusion and indecision in high places drifting. failure to point the way That happened before.
 A labor leader who slows up the economic ma chinery of a nation, single handedly, and not only deprives those whom he is supposed to represent of their just dues by his arrogant display of personal power but also nures workers everywhere. That did not happen before, because labor was not organized now
 Industrial and business leaders who would seize the opportunity created by the Arrogance of a John L. Lewis to penaze all labor It did not happen exactly that way before. Some acted without such excuse to crush labor.
 Industrial and business leaders who are so eager to amass profits that they would tear away the last vestige of controls in mad frenzy for some thing they call free enterprise" but which isn't
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-05-18
Educational Help for the Veterans

With the arrival of each boatload of homebound G s the problem of making college education available to the veterans becomes Several days ago The Demo- crat suggested the possibility of setting up postgraduate in high schools which would embrace subjects and work comparable to those offered during the first year at college.
 Nearby Springfield, Mass is doing just that Dr. Ter Donaghue assistant superintendent of schools in the Massachuses city, yesterday revealed that the proposed Springfield Junior College will open September Already N applications have been received all but three of which from veterans Twenty in process of being fled the majority of these, too, being from veterans
 The Massachusetts legislature has before it legislation proposing the general establishment throughout that state of junior colleges which would operate along lines similar to that being up Springfield These steps in the right direction Properly mplenented these plans will go far toward relieving the pressure on established colleges and universities brought about by the return of thousands boys whose government promised them college educa ton, and finds itself unable to keep that promise.
 It is matter of primary importance, not only to the individual veterans but to country which finds it's ranks of educated depleted by period of educational pension coincident with the
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-05-18
Connecticut Trees

The state is directing pretty thorough tree spraying campaign this Spring The gypsy moth and elm tree beetle city, town and village communities that boast of many fine old New England trees
 In Waterbury noble elms have been undergoing special treatment, many of them eliminated entirely In the states gypsy moth program oak forest Bark hamstead fine wooded section directly north and little east of to be sprayed from the air. where is said the section is pretty heavily gypsy moth infested This is
 fairly rough wooded and best be sprayed this way since coverage from the ground necesstates many more hours, if not days, of labor.
 The gypsy moth attacks hardwood trees such as oaks, brches of certain varieties, nden willows and larches through the clements pretty thorough blight as to certain types of trees Minor and larger hurricanes and ice storms of unusual severity have injured if not destroyed many of fine trees Modern methods of treatment such the spraying from the air for the oak acres will be welcomed those who unbounded interest in and love for the groves which were Gods first temples"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-05-18

domination of government From the courts there has come only series of decisions extending the inmunities of labor organizations from responsibility to the general public.
 This public, says Richberg, is really the only in- terest that has any rights in labor dispute All the talk about labors rights is greatly exaggerated and the same is true of the harping upon the rights of
 management Yet because it is politically expedient to cater to powerful pressure groups, the larger public interest is ignored.
 The Donald Richberg who uses this strong lam SllaRe is 65-year-old Washington lawyer who in 70 years of practice has represented abor manage ment government, and the public in many mdustri- al battles He helped frame the National Industrial Recovery Act in 1888 and was MIRA counsel and Number Two man. This made him something Of New Dealer in those days, though as a young man around Chicago he was considered Progressive
 In the past year Richberg has put in 2 great deal of time drafting and then speaking around the coun- try in support of the Ball-Burton- Hatch bill to amend the Wagner Labor Relations law. This B-B.-H bill has been bitterly denounced by labor, and at present writing 1t may have little chance of passage.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-05-18
STATES MENTAL HOSPITAL
(Hartford Times)


 Governor Baldwin's message to the special session of the General Assembly on conditions in State hospitals merits careful study by the public and prompt action by the Legislature.
 The fact that the institutions at Newtown, Middletown and Nor wich are overcrowded is well known. That is due to pinch-penny pol icy of the Legislature in the past. The deaths and abuse of patients which occasionally shock the people results of insufficient numbers of capable employees, and those are also consequence of legislative unWillingness to appropriate neceS- sary funds. The Governor calls for adoption of 8 pending bill to increase salaries of State employees. That should be done.
 But there are other things that need to be done, on some of which the Governor touched. Development of home-care program for aged and infirm persons is highly im- portant. It calls for special con- sideration. There may have to be expansion of the public nurse sys- tenn to make it work, and new details of relief. If bed-ridden patients can be cared for outside the institutions, there will be less pres sure on the latter, which must be enlarged in any event.
 Clinics at which cases of mental disturb .nce may be examined should be expanded, for through them it should be possible in many instances to discover causes that can be re- moved, and to bring about normal conditions. Such clinics also would reduce to hospital accommodations.
 AS for research and study prog grams at hospitals to attract trained physicians, nurses, psychiatric aides and technicians, that is merely a matter of supplying the money and assuring positions for the gradu- ates. Psychiatry is in an early stage of development. It is return ing to useful life many persons who without its benefits might be permanently handicapped. The State should encourage, through adequate support, institutions which are recognized as capable of pro- ducing the kind of personnel need ed in hospitals for the care of the mentally i'll.
 There never was any suspicion in Connecticut that patients in its hospitals were being exploited in any manner, or were being deliber- ately neglected or abused. Such unfortunate incidents as have oc- cured have been caused by unat- tractive wage schedules and over- crowding that made impossible proper care of the patients, and perhaps sometimes by inefficient administration.
 The Governor has rendered
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-05-18
CIO AND COMMUNISM
lThe Springfield Unionl

CIO President Philip Murray and his United Steel Workers deserve credit for their stand against Com munist infiltration at their Atlantic City convention. It will be. impos- sible, of course, to prevent a certain amount of it on the part of indiv- idual members of the union. But the statement made clear that the attempt would be regarded as rev. olutionary in character and is dis credited and denounced as a union policy. No known Communist will be permitted to hold union office.
 The steel workers will not permit "any force outside our own mem- bership to interfere in the func- tioning of our union." On the other hand, the union will not interfere with the free and democratic right of each member to practice such religion as he chooses, and harbor such views as he chooses in his .pri- vate life as citizen"
 That seems to us a sensible hand ling of the question, and is the democratic way of disposing of the problem.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-05-18
It Happened Before
By Thomas Stokes

that at all, which isn't liberty but license. That happened before.
 The tucking in of our borders and building Wall against the rest of the world, slowly and surely for that is what is happening. Behind 1t quaTreling as no other nation in the world knows. That hap pened before. .s
 A nation pointed inward, instead of facing out ward with hands offering ready help. That happened before
 The diagnosis of our state of being in the United States today might be boiled down to mad craving for power. That is what personal selfShness esSen- tiay S power to have everything one wants without thought of others It Is disease that attacks the individual as well as public figures. It makes for rigidty for stubborn refusal to sit down and con- ciliate differences.
 So many people are disturbed by what is going on They have the will to think of others But enough of us are selfish today, it seems, to make for this rigidy that keeps from realizing our great poten tialS, at home and abroad.
 Our democracy is under test. A democracy that can not function is futile.
 This means all democracy is under test, for oass is the symbol of hope for the whole world
 democracy can only act if all those in it are willing and able to act, for unlike other forms or government it operates at the will of separate indi- viduals That is its weakness and its strength It the form of government which requires the highest individual intelligence and the greatest ability for personal sacrifice. test in history It must live in the atomic age ana it can't do this without singleneSs of purpose It was just ten months ago today that the world entered the atomic age with the explosion in New Mexico
 This can't be the place we came in at quarter of 8 century ago-or we are lost.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-05-18
Government by Dish Rag By Peter Edson

Some of its philosophy may be incorporated in amendments to the Case bill to regulate industrial relations now before Congress If that happens few more of the Richberg ideas may have chance for practical test a
 The underlying trouble today, Richberg believes, is that there has been effort to make moral or legal issue of right and wrong in labor relations. All that has been done Is to give labor too many im- munities from such measures the anti-ruSt laws, thus creating classes of people who feel justified in using their powers to gain their own ends
 Richberg does not limit this abuse to labor lead CTS alone. In recent talk before group Of Penn sylvania employers Richberg gave them unshirted by force. As long as management persists in that course, the speaker said, labor must do the same The rule of force is mere survival of the Middle Ages All John L. Lewis Is doing now Is to show what man can do in rule by force.
 The only solution to this problem, Richberg believes, is first to build up public opinion and next write legislation which will create the moral apd legal duty to preserve industrial peace.
 A change in this rule-by-force psychology, says Richberg can come principally from the President of the United States. There was ample authcH1W under the Smith -Connally War Labor Disputes Act for the President to have moved in when the co4l strike first threatened. Richberg believes.
 If the executive powers had been exercised at that time-early in March-the crisis in coal which developed in April would have been ayerted. Every day the government delayed in taking over the mines merely built up the resistance of the miners sainst returning to work and convinced them that the ac- ton of John L. Lewis right because the goverIl- ment could find nothing to do about t
 In a way, however, Richherg believes the Lewis policy may have been good thing for the country. in that 1t crystaNized public opinion to change the trends of the past 13 years in labor reatienS legs- lattnn. It's time. he says for this change