davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-09-14
lndOncSian Chaos
By George FieIdins Eliot

THE HAGUE, Sept. 13.-The need for
keeping just balance between power
and policy rarely has been more per-
fectly illustrated than in the Neither
lands East Indies at this moment. The
Dutch have taken over from the Brit
ish, assuming fun responsibility for their
great East Indian dominions. with a
population of some 65,000,0O0 people.
The British troops will complete their
withdrawal by November 80. After that,
1t is up to the Dutch.
Now, consider the interlocking of the
political and military elements of their
problem. They must maintain order.
They must restore the rule of law in
those considerable areas where there is
at present either no law at all or only
the weak and uncertain rule of the
1ndonesian Republican government
They must disarm and bring under con-
troll many thousands of japanese troops
who are still at large, notably in Su-
matra and some parts of Java. They
must set free some 10000 Europeans
still held by the Indonesians.
But-and here is point which cam
not be too strongly emphasized.-the
Dutch cannot do all this by themselves.
Indeed, they do not wish merely to re-
establish an empire on the old model.
I'VE are not sending troops to the
Indies to fight colonial war" MI.
Jonckman, the Minister of Overseas
Territories. said to this writer. I'VE
could not do that even If we wanted to
and we certainly do not want to-. But
We believe that vast majority of the
people of the Indies want a return to
peaceful conditions. We believe that We
should help them do what they cannot
do for themselves"
The Dutch regard Indonesian CO.
operation as a prerequisite to any at
tempt to restore the rule of law in the
Indies They hope to obtain the coop
Grafton of the so-called Indonesian Re-
publican government and the Premier,
Sjahrir. They are willing to go long
way to get that cooperation. The nego-
tiations between Sjahrir and the lieu
tenant-governor general, Mr.. Van Nook,
have been at a standstill for some
weeks
So the Dutch government is sending
to the Indies . special commission Of
Evening star., 1946-09-14
Key Bridge Curbinq

While Federal and District officials
are still pondering the question of
reducing traffic accident hazards on
local brldges-a subject brought to
the fore as a result of the recent
fatal bus plunge from the Memorial
Brldge-The Star wishes to call at
tentlon TO the dangerously low curbs
on the Key Bridge, which connects
Georgetown with Rosslyn, Virginia.
Engineers seem to agree that it Is
lmpracticable to construct a bridge
railing substantial enough to prevent
careenlng bus or truck from break
ing through under conditions similar
TO those which prevailed in the
Memorial Bridge accident. They be-
l1eve, however. that higher curbs on
bridges would help to prevent heavy
vehicles from leaving the roadway
during skid or collision.
The curb level on the Kew Bridge
is much lower than that on the
Memorial Bridge. For the most part
1t is scarcely more than two or three
inches above the roadway, over
which travels an almost constant
stream of heavy traffic, including
heavily loaded buses, trucks and
streetcarS. The low curb would be
a relatively ineffective barrier to on
coming bus, truck or passenger-car
tires. And the cement railing, while
1t contains reinforcement in the way
OF iron rods, was never designed to
resist the impact of loaded bus or
truck travelling at usual speed. 1t
would seem to be relatively simple
and inexpensive undertaking to
raise the height of the sidewalks on
the Key Bridge by several inches, so
as to increase the safety quotient on
this congested structure. The cost
would be justifiable investment in
the field of accident prevention.
Evening star., 1946-09-14
This Changing World
BY Constantine Brown

merce Wallace's Thursday speech at a
near Communist rally at Madison
Square Garden In New York.
The Secretary of Commerce broke all
previous precedents when he outlined
American foreign policy before a
strongly pro-Soviet audience and was
booed because he only partially indorsed
Russias aims
As rule the foreign policy OF this
country is discussed authoritati lively in
public only by those constitutionally in
trusted with it's conduct: The Presi-
dent high-ranking officers of the State
Department or representatives of the
majority in Congress. 1t is for this
reason that any speech on foreign
affairs must be cleared first with COM
petent authorities
Mr. Wallace cleared his speech with
= the White House and obtained Mr..
Trumans Endorsement, although his
proposition that the world be once more
divided into zones of influence was def
nltely contrary to the policies estab-
hshed by President Roosevelt.
The late President and all the ad-
visers he consulted when he started
framing this country's long range for
eign policy back in 1887 agreed that
zones of influence fostered war.
After World War II the United States
opposed this age-old form of European
politics. All political luminaries in this
country advocated "one world
policy in order to break away from the
system which has been the root of war
for the last 200 years. Yet the Secre-
tary of Commerce, former enthusiastic
One Worlder' himself, has now openly
advocated in the name of the United
States system which should be as
abhorrent to the American people as the
wars which it causes.
Russia has already established her
zone Of influence in a more ruthless
manner than her western predecessors
of the past. She has physically SUBJ
jected to her whims some 100, 900 900
peoples in Central and Eastern Europe
Is still on the march to add more mil
lions to the newly born empire.
Her stooges in this country applaud
this policy, which they conveniently
describe as the neodemocracy of the
world. Secretary Wallace was booed by
the large audience at Madison Square
Garden because he dared suggest that
America be given a share of the South
ern Hemisphere. But to the millions of
Americans who read or listened to his
speech he presented a policy which is
as un-American as the audience which
bOOed him
Evening star., 1946-09-14
Strikes and the Community


The strike pattern in Canada has by
now taken form which permits the
Prime Minister to express grave fears
for the whole community. Yesterday.
commenting on the steel strike negotia-
tions, Mr.. King said: THE rights OF
the public. the community itself, in the
long run are those which should prevail
The rights Of the community are super
ior to those of any group or rsrty, and
the party that forgets this cannot hope
to solve its problems. Public opinion ul-
timately controls what must be done"
There can be no doubt but that the
public is the principal sufferer in the
steel dispute. Because steel is not made
available, the housing program is held
up; hundreds of industries serving the
public are hampered for lack of this
basic material. As time goes on and
steel in its many forms is unavailable,
more and more parts Of the national
economy are crippled. What begins as
a dispute between employer and en-
ploye becomes something of national
concern.
So with other strikes Today in Cam
ada strike has caused salt shortage.
Because of 1t, Gamers find difficulty in
cannot get salt for her canning. Even
health authorities cannot obtain the
substances used for purifying drinking
water. The dispute between employer
and employe has spread to the COM
munity
The New York Herald Tribune had .
profound word to say on this subject
the other day. Commenting on the
paralysis resulting from the truckers
strike in New York, it wrote: "A strike
OF such character, which spreads such
far-reaching paralysis throughout q
huge community, ceases to be a strike
in any ordinary sense of the word 1t
certainly has nothing to do with 'collec-
tive bargaining and is not even test
OF economic strength between workers
and employers, because its effects fall
In the first instance upon the public
rather than upon either party to the
dispute and because it is the peril and
distress of the community as whole
which are relied upon to bring decision,
rather than the relative bargaining
power of the unions and employers con-
cerned." Later. this same newspaper
declares that 1T is possible that 1t will
force community action really to deal
with what has increasingly become a
war upon the community"
The Canadian Government recognized
before this steel strike began that such
a strike might, in fact, develop into
war upon the community" Otherwise
1t would not have put a controller into
the plants and declared such a strike
illegal. The strike was declared, not
withstanding this prohibition based on
national emergency, and the war" goes
on. Faced with developing crisis. public
opinion will surely stand behind the
Government in any steps it may see fit
to take to end a situation fraueht with
so many perils for the community.
Evening star., 1946-09-14

When President Truman gave his OK.
to the Madison Square Garden speech
delivered by Secretary of Commerce
Henry Wallace on the subject of the ad
ministration's foreign policy, it virtually
amounted to reputation of what Sec
retary of State Byrnes has been at
tempting to do in Paris, although Mr.
Truman said he did not see any differ
ence between the lines taken by Mr.
Wallace and Mr. Byrnes
1t is strange situa ton, in any event
when the Secretary of Commerce in any
administration is put forward to eluci-
date its foreign policy. That has usually
been left to the Secretary of State. 1t
must be remembered, however. that
there is an election just around the
corner, and Mr.. Wallace has apparently
been put forward to carry the princi-
pal torch for the Democrats during the
campaign. Very possibly the Wallace
speech, therefore. is intended for do
mestic political effect. The administra-
ton is banking on keeping the radical
fringe and the fellow travellers in line
especially in New York
The Communist party in New York
has withdrawn it's candidates for Gov
ernor and Senator in order to throw the
Communist support to Mr.. Mead and
Mr.. Lehman. the Democratic candidates
for these Offices. Not all the protests
OF Senator Mead that he is not seek
ing or desiring Communist support can
change the picture. Whether the Demo-
cratic party loves the Communists or
not, 1t seems quite clear that the Com
munists are making use of the Demo-
cratic party, as they have in the past.
The speech of Mr.. Wallace was. in
deed, critical of the Russian Communist
way OF doing some things Mr. Wallace
insisted he was not trying to 'appease"
Russia. But that is another matter the
American people will have to figure out
for themselves. The speech was so diff
ferent in tone from what Mr.. Byrnes
and other representatives of the Ameri-
can Government have been saying about
Russia and her activities in many coun-
tries that already considerable portion
of offlcial Washington regards the new
position as rightabout-face
Mr.. Wallace took occasion to declare
that this country must not get tough"
with Russla-Which is another way of
saying that We must not present an
unyielding position when we believe that
the Soviet Union is seeking to gain
Evening star., 1946-09-14

three members, including former
prime minister. This commission is
especially empowered. not only by the
government, but by the states general
the Parliament of the Netherlands It's
arrival should mark the beginning of
new phase in the negotiations and get
are stalled at present.
1t may be asked If the Dutch can OBJ
tain by peaceful negotiations a political
settlement in the East Indies, whom
are their soldiers going out there to
night? That Is just the point which
the Minister of Overseas Territories
made when he said they are not going to
fight colonial war. If it were a matter
OF suppreSsing revolutionary move
ment supported by majority of the
1ndonesian people, the task would be
beyond the powers of the war-torn and
impoverished people Of the Neither
lands, even ii they desired to under,
take it,
But the Dutch do feel responsible for
disarming and evacuating the japanese
They do feel responsible for bringing
under control the armed bands of
youthful Indonesian extremists whom
have dTiIlcu ana 1IlSClgdCeQ
and who are, for the most part. still
under japanese leadership, or at least,
Japanese guidance.
Neither the Japanese nor the Com
munists want to see the Dutch and the
Indonesians come to terms. They do
not want Indonesia to take its place
as co-equal partner in the Dutch un-
ion as established by the Queens procla-
nation of December Z, l942. They do
not want to see the Dutch succeed in
doing in Indonesia what we succeeded in
doing in the Philippines. But there is
every reason to believe that the sober
political leaders of the Indonesians want
just that and that it would be well
coined by the vast majority of the pop
ulation. 1t is in that belief and with
that objective that the Dutch are now
sending their political commission and
their military forces to the Netherlands
East Indies.
(Copyrishs 1o4el .ka
Evening star., 1946-09-14

1t Is necessary to understand two
salient points in order to take an &C
curate view of American relations with
Soviet Russia
The first Is that there is no desire
on the part Of any substantial number
of people in this country for another
war. The other is that the vociferous
groups who act as sounding boards for
Russias policies in this country consider
mere appeasement of Russia to be in
sufficient; they desire supine surrender
to all Soviet aims.
The question of war or peace is en-
tirely in the hands of the Moscow
leaders, 1t is the Kremlin which will
decide whether the present strained re-
lations will be translated into an actual
armed conflict.
We are not prepared for war and the
administration is doing nothing to stop
the further disintegration of American
forces. The Russians are fully armed
and. despite reported domestic difficult
ties, are capable of an immediate "blitz"
Ihe only opposition this Government is
known to have decided to offer to the
Russian expansionist plans Is refusal to
recognize any further encroachments on
foreign territories just as it refused to
recognize Japanese conquest of Man
churia in 1888
The war with Japan broke out when
nearly 5000 Americans were killed in
the attack on Pearl Harbor-that Is to
say, in direct and violent provocation.
Only similar action against the Ameri-
can forces now IN Europe would force
the United States to retaliate
Soviet armed aggression against the
weak American contingents in Europe
could bring about war. The decision,
1t is said in some of the highest circles
in Washington, rests entirely in the
hands of the eleven men who rule Rus
Sla today and have the power to decide
whether there shall be an actual shoot
ing war or whether the present smoul-
dering war shall be allowed to continue
indefinitely
The United States Government does
no. intend, as things stand now, to
increase the Nations armed forces. The
Russians are building up strong aggres-
sive forces not only in their own country
but also in those of their satellites.
Whether they wish to use them as
diplomatic blackjack to achieve their
aims as some observers in Washington
believe. or whether they want to use
them in an attempt to do away with
the remaining nontotalitarian powers
is matter which will soon be known.
1t is in this light that many observers
in washington regard Secretary of Com
Evening star., 1946-09-14
U. S.. Britain Urged to
Pool Uranium, Thorium
Seen as Protective Device Until
World Controls Can Function

seen as Protective DeN1ce Cnt1i
World Controls Can Function
BY Ray Er,cin
NEW YORK, Sept 1.-THE United
States and Great Britain must pool their
stockpiles of uranium and thorium to
protect themselves until the time when
effective international control OF these
atomic bomb materials is established,
Capt. Raymond Blackburn, Labor mem
ber of the British Parliament and chair
man Of it's Scientific Committee, said
today
1T seems to me also that the most
effective means Of control of atomic
weapons is to watch these two most
essential materials" remarked Black
burn.
IAN atomic armaments race already
has started and there is a race to obtain
these materials. America and Britain
should take measures to pool their re-
sources in this respect.
However, unless all the uranium and
thorium in the world is owned and con-
trolled by the u N. within or 10 years,
believe that modern, industrial civiliza-
ton will be destroyed.
THE worlds largest supply OF thorium
lies in India. Just as Britain is con-
templating leaving India, it is discovered
that the worlds largest supply OF the
worlds second most dangerous material
is in India. 1t is a bad thing to move
for the disintegration of the British
empire. America and Britain should
recognize their enormous responsibilities
to the world
DeplOres War Talk.
There is a lot Of fantastic talk In
your country about war between Russia
and the United States. I didn't believe
such strong feeling existed here.
There is no fundamental reason for
war. Russia is not prepared. I do not
believe there Is q single member Of the
British Parliament who would seriously
consider waging war against Russia
that is, war aggressively featured as
an anticipatory defensive war.
Russia is abominably truculent with
Britain at present. Russia's charges
against Britain in Greece and in Pal-
estine are the height Of hypocrisy Why
does not Russia take some of the home
less Jews of Europe? All countries ought
to take their frll share
The danger is not war with Russia.
because Russia will always stop short OF
war though she well may proceed as
far as she can. The danger is that the
Big Three have failed to take the nee
essary steps to enforce control OF
atomic energy upon the whole world,
including such Fascist powers as Spain
\ and Argentina.
| THE danger Is not war. The danger
is that We will not get world security.
unless the big powers cooperate to
impose world security on any potentially
/ aggressive powers"
North American Newspaper Anisnce)
Evening star., 1946-09-14
Outlook in Chino

In rejecting Generalissimo Chi
sng's latest truce proposals, the Chi
nese Communists have once again
frustrated the effort to set China on
the road to internal peace and unity.
They have done this SO often, in fact,
that even though they still profess
;eargerneSs for speedy armistice,
it is difficult not to suspect them of
being deliberately intent on keeping
the country divided and strife
ridden as long as possible.
The nature of the Chang offer
transmitted to the Communists by
General Marshall, President Tru-
mans special envoy-has not yet
been disclosed, but the terms have
been fatty turned down with coun
terdemand that an unconditional
ceaSe-fire order be issued to the Ma
tionalist forces. Presun1a bly, the
.generalisSimo has continued to in
sist that Yenan's troops be evacuated
from certain of the key areas they
still hold in China. AS in the past,
however, the Communists appar-
emily are determined not to yield on
this point-a fact which lends sub
stance to speculation that they may
be looking forward to establishing a
permanent state of their own within
the Russian orbit
So the outlook for the Chinese
people, despite the long years of
their fratricidal strife and the
bloody struggle against Japan, seems
as bleak as ever, if not bleaker
Neither of the opposing factions can
escape blame for this of course, but
the record weighs heavily against
Yenan, for it is certainly true, as
Generalissimo Chang declared on
the first anniversary of VI day,
that China would be much nearer
peace and unity today had the Com
munists been faithful to the differ
ent agreements they signed last
winter and spring.
These commitments. worked out
between Yenan and the Nationalist
government with General MARSHALL S
participation, provided for such mat
ters as truce, merger of the clash
ing armies into single national
army, and political measures to
establish the government on genu-
inely democratic basis. doing away
with the Kuomintang's one-party
rule. The news from China is often
confused, but it has been clear
enough for some time past to place
the onus on the Communists for the
failure of these agreements-an onus
increased now by their rejection of
Chiang's newest offer.
With General Marshall's long and
patient peacemaking mission thus
rebuffed again, reports from Nam
king suggest that American policy
may undergo major change unless
Yenan's latest proposal to resume
truce negotiations proves sincere
This could mean only one or another
of two courses: Either our complete
withdrawal from China or a de-
cision to ignore the Communists
entirely and back the Nationalist
Evening star., 1946-09-14
Summers Goino

CleanIhmbed, deep-boSomed Summer.
soils nidioite,
Bent tenderly above the travatIino
earth,
Grading in sun and rain the years mem
life,
Grooming doton leaty lanes NTH still,
green mirth.
Hoto young and starrp-eyed she came In
June,
Dryad-ltke In emerald oause afoper
NTH rose, ~
Touched by an eaeerness that Auoust's
noon
Has mello,ped to look OF deep repose.
She wears age proudly; toll and taith
have brought her
Wood, field and meadotp fHed Nth
FURNISHED treasure,
Yet for herself as she does not seek
a measure, ~
The harvest Is for Autumn, her young
daughter:
Who like a fame In gold and scarlet
glot1s,
And walks the fields NTH Summer as
shs goes. s
ANNE WOOD MURRAY.
Evening star., 1946-09-14
WSB Stubbornness Deplored

vi oauOuOI IlncSS DcplOfcQ
To the Editor of The Star:
There are some people who never
will admit that they are wrong. Un-
fortunately, 1t seems that four of this
type are in the Government, on the
Wage Sterilization Board.
The fact that the WSB is pursuing
a purely communistic policy seems to
have no effect on the stubbornness of
the four members voting to uphold their
recent erroneous decision that the
AFL maritime raise increase is too
much, on the grounds that the CIO did
not receive an equal increase earlier in
the year
The companies involved and the
AFL have co-operated and reached a
decision-one accepted by company and
union alike. Then. 10 and behold the
WSB steps in and dictatorially an
nounces that it does not accept the
raise increase. Hence, a strike, and a
most justifiable one
For an individual or group of indi-
viduals to make a mistake is a COM
mon practice, for none of us are in
fallible. But when certain members of
the WSB are so stubborn as to plunge
the Nation into additional economic
disorder stanchly upholding their
communistic principle, it makes one
ponder over the validity of the Consti-
tuition and the spirit of our sacred
liberties
MARION EDWIN HARRISON II.
Evening star., 1946-09-14
"Importunt?"
From the Halifax Herald.

From the HALIFAX Herald.
There are many cases in this country
genuine and urgent compassionate
cases-where people simply can't get
near the gangway of an ocean liner.
They can get over, but there is no as
surance that they can get back "for
many months, perhaps year or more"
They do not fall into the category of
Most important personages." some OF
whom are important to nothing and
nobody excepting themselves.
Evening star., 1946-09-14

Kuomintang government to the hilt.
Since these alternatives involve
grave potential dangers, General
Marshall perhaps will find it best to
keep on trying to avoid them.
Evening star., 1946-09-14
DISaereeS With Admiral HaISev

To the Editor Of The Star:
Admiral Halsey's statement in YOUR
issue OF August %, "Nobody's damn
business seems to have gained quite a
few admirers. but such utterances only
build for disagreement
we have had enough war. The price
we nave paid and will continue to pay
is proof
The crosses on the graves of our dead
heroes on foreign soil should convince
any war-minded person that peace
among all mankind would be sweeter.
All countries have their rights to
marked boundary, both on land and
the seas; so, however powerful we NAV
be, we cannot go where I'VE damn
please" unless We commit trespass.
The vast stretches of the oceans are
free to all peoples. So let it be.
MASON T. WHITE.