davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-09-18
GrotesoueIy False

From the London Daily telegraph and Morning
Post.
One of the most tenacious of preju-
dices about this country is that the
British colonial empire is an anach-
ronistic survival of the old imperialism,
which in its heyday meant the DOM
ination and exploitation of backward
races by the white man. 1t is still all
too commonly held even by people
abroad who are otherwise good friends
Of this country. Whatever truth this
notion may have contained two or three
generations ago it is grotesquely false
today, as any of our critics could have
convinced himself If he had been sit
ting in the public gallery at the debate
on the colonial Office vote. He would
have learned that imperialism, that
much-abused "two-dollar" word, as an
American writer has called it, has ac-
quired a meaning the precise opposite
of the one habitually attributed to it.
In the speech of the colonial secretary,
George Hall, every phrase was con-
centrated on the single theme of the
efforts being made to guide the native
peoples along the path of political, social
and economic progress
Evening star., 1946-09-18
Letters to The Star
Wants Atheistic Communism
Barred by Rigid Law
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor OF The Star:
We hear much about Communism
nowadays but little seems to be known
about it by the ordinary citizen.
Apparently its fundamental principles
are that Communism hates God and
all forms of religion, Protestant, Catho-
lie or Jewish, and is opposed to any in
dividual owning private property.
Communism believes that a central
government with world dictatorship
at Moscow must have complete con-
troll and power over the people
1t does not allow freedom >of speech,
freedom of press or trial by jury.
1t mercilessly has prosecuted millions
of Christians.
Communism is atheistic, anti Chris
tian and undoubtedly un-Amercan.
Congress should outlaw the Commu-
mist party in the United States.
Every one who is loyal to the Amer
ican form of government will do well
to ask his Congressman to preserve
and guard our American form of gov
eminent from Communism, which un-
doubtedly seeks to destroy it.
JOHN S. WILLIAMS.
Evening star., 1946-09-18

services a pretty good idea OF what
Britain will be faced with in the event
of another war. The missiles which
were found in Sweden, however, lacked
the warhead.
But while these technical develop
mentS became known TO US, the some
what surprising news also reached us
that the Russian high command was de-
veloplng strong horse cavalry force to
be used in areas where tanks and planes
are hampered because of the distance
from the supply bases. Evidently the
Russians are thinking in ter&s of fight
ing in the vast Asiatic areas where the
horse and the mule still take precedence
over the plane, the tank and the motor
ized units.
In the meantime, the Russian general
staff is paying much attention to the
improvement of the armed forces. of
Czechoslovakia, which always has been
considered as the most strategic baStion
in Europe.
Gen. Bochek, the chief of staff of the
Czech Army, returned last week to
Prague after a sojourn Of II days in
Moscow where he discussed the imple-
mentation of military agreements signed
last July by Premier Gottwald, a former
member of the Comintern.
~ ~
Gen. Bochek Immediately announced
that the Red Army was presenting
Czechoslovakia with large quantity of
military equipment from it's vast
stores This equipment consists Of
tanks, the famous Dazookas, modern ar
tillery of all calibers and planes, mostly
for training purposes. Meanwhile, Rus
sian technicians are working overtime
with their Czech colleagues to restore
and enlarge the famous Skoda arms
factory near Pilsen, once one of the fore
most arsenals of Europe.
Soviet military instructors also have
been sent to Czechoslovakia to help train
the new army and integrate it tactically
and strategically with the Red forces
The Russian general staff is taking the
long-range view about possible conflict in
Europe. A new line of Notifications is
being erected in the famous Bohemian
square. To insure the secrecy of those
new Notifications all doubtful citizens
have been removed, together with more
than 100000 Sudetan Germans who
were transferred to Germany some time
ago and have disposed of all their prop
erty except some scanty personal belong
ings.
Evening star., 1946-09-18
ignoring Russiu

No one with sense will seriously
| question Foreign Minister Molotov's
assertion that 1T would be danger
| Gus to ignore the Soviet Union" in
any plans for the abliShment of
| a lasting peace. What must be QueS-
toned, however, is his suggestion
that the United States and Britain
are tending to ignore it now and are
maneuvering in the United Nations
to build up a power bloc against it.
To western eyes at least, nothing
could seem more obvious than that
Russia has been the least ignored
country in the world ever since the
end of the war. No international
issue or undertaking of any conse-
quence has been acted upon by
Washington or London without ref
erence to Moscow. Actually, if there
has been any ignoring at all, it has
been the Soviet Union ignoring US.
Thus, to cite but a few examples. it
has continued up to now to ignore
our request that it join the United
Nations Food and Agriculture Or
ganization, the World Bank and
Monetary Fund and an effective in
ternational authority to control the
development of atomic energy.
Tied in with Mr.. Molotov's warn
ing against ignoring Russia is his
insiStence that any attempt to
repudiate the veto power of the Big
Five would be an invitation to pre-
pare for new war His views on
the veto are understandable The
United States, too, would in all prob
ability - through Congress - reject
any measure to do away with this
right, but doing away with it or
repudiating it is one thing and mod
flying it is another. Our American
plan for atomic control calls for
modification. If Mr.. Molotov means
that the Soviet Union is opposed to
even that measure of modification,
then effective control of the atom
will be next to impossible, and the
Russians will have used their veto
to prepare the way for the deadliest
armaments race in history.
Considering Russia's reluctance to
date to say a good word for our
atomic plan, considering also it's
failure so far to accept invitations
to join agencies like the FAC and
the World Bank, it is a bit difficult
to understand what Mr.. Molotov
means when he talks about the
dangers of ignoring Russia and re-
pudiating the veto. The ignoring,
If any, has been the other way
around, unless Mr.. Molotov's view
of the situation is that all of the
United Nations are out of step but
his own country and its satellites
and that the way to cooperate is
for all to agree that the Soviet Union
alone Is right.
Evening star., 1946-09-18

ernment Jobs because of pro-Axis
connections, 500 more because of
Communist Affiliations, and the dis
miSSal because of their connection
with foreign governments of 81 per-
sons already holding Government
jobs.
In relation to the total number
of Federal employees this is an in
finitesimal fraction. Yet it shows,
especially in view of the inadequacy
of the Investigations which have
been made, that the danger of dis
loyal infiltration of the Government
service is real, and the Civil Service
Commission, which has the primary
responsibility in this respect, would
be well advised to adhere to it's
established policy of holding that
Government employment is not a
right but privilege, and that where
reasonable doubt as to loyalty exists
the doubt should be resolved in favor
of the Government,
Evening star., 1946-09-18
On the Record
BY Dorothy Thompson

speech was uttered the acting Secretary
of State, Mr.. Clayton, informed the
President that it would greatly embar-
rass Mr. Byrnes. Still Mr.. Wallace was
not stopped. AS a result certain things
have irrevocably happened, no matter
what Mr. Truman meanwhile may have
said.
The world has been given dramatic
notice that there is a split in the
Government over foreign policy, and that
the President thinks so little of his
State Department and its diplomats in
Paris and the worlds capitals that he
does not even consult them before al
lowing other cabinet members to initi-
ate policies in so critical a moment as
this one-in short that there are
troubled American waters in which our
enemies can fish.
The damage cannot be repaired by
Mr.. Trumans saying now that he Is
strongly behind Mr.. Byrnes. Every gov
ernment in the world is asking whether
the President really knows what either
Mr.. Byrnes or Mr.. Wallace are up to-
For either Mr.. Truman did not take the
trouble to read Mr.. Wallace's speech care
fully, or did not grasp its significance
nor foresee its certain repercussions in
Paris. Moscow and London or he has
not been following Mr.. Byrnes' utter
ances. If he allows speeches by his
cabinet members to be made in such
critical moment without carefully
studying them with his official depart
ment advisers, he is irresponsible. If
he does not recognize what he is read
ing, God help us.
The foreign policy advocated by Mr.
Wallace was not President Roosevelt's.
1t was not Mr.. Byrnes'. 1t was eXtraor-
dinarily close to what was advocated by
the isolationists prior to the war-in
essence, to let Britain and Europe go
as powers and come to terms with the
wave of the future" the dominant
continental poWer-confining ourselves
to the Americas. Mr. Roosevelt believed
this was madness from geographical
economic and security viewpoint, and in
those days Mr. Wallace agreed with
him.
Thus, the impression has been created
at home and abroad of a complete lack
of unity and direction not only in the
United States, but in the Government
itself. In fact that we have no govern
ment worthy of the name.
tReleased by the Bell Syndicate. Inc)
Evening star., 1946-09-18
Loyalty investigations

1t is regrettable that Harry B.
Mitchell, president of the Civil Serv-
Ice Commission. was not more ex-
plicit in his address to the st. Paul
meeting of the American Federation
Of Government Employees
The impression derived from news
reports Of his speech is that Mr.
Mitchell, while granting that dis
loyal persons should not be employed
in the Government. IS not sympa-
thetically disposed himself toward
loyalty Investigations. This raises
the obvious question of how, in the
absence of an adequate investiga-
ton, the loyalty or disloyalty of a
job applicant or an off1ceholder is
to be ascertained.
In text of his address, diStrib-
uted in advance of its delivery, Mr..
Mitchell said that the commission
will continue its efforts to keep dis
loyal applicants out of Government
jobs, as it is required by law to do.
Nothing was said in the advance
text of the speech about disloyal
persons who may already hold Gov
ernment jobs by virtue of having
been overlooked in the superficial
Investigations conducted in the past.
Apparently, however, Mr.. Mitchell
departed from his advance text in
Hn1iuprinn tho Snnnnh for tho
reports quote him as saying that he
was opposed to reopening cases
where Federal employees already
have satisfied the commission as to
their loyalty.
II this is correct, and if there Is
merit to the claims of congressional
and other groups that there are nu-
merous individuals of dubious 10y
atty now in the Government service,
real question arises as to how best
to safeguard the national interest in
eliminating subversive influences
from the Government.
Mr.. Mitchell warns against con-
fusing liberty of thought with dis
loyalty OF thought. and. of course,
he is right on this score. But it is
not so easy to 90 along with him If,
when he deplores the arousal in this
country, land particularly in Wash
ington," of spirit of intolerance
toward others who differ in opinion
from majority of us, he has
| reference to Congress and the
recommendation (about which the
President has done nothing) that
a special commission be appointed
to study ways and means of dealing
with disloyalty on the part of Fed
eral employees.
This recommendation was made
after an investigation by the House
Civil Service Committee, which GER
tainly is not witch hunting group,
had indicated the necessity of GER
tain immediate action" This in
vestigation followed the rejection,
as result Of congressional action,
| of $40 wartime applicants for Gov
Evening star., 1946-09-18
Four Walls and q Roof
From LAction catholiqus (ouebec).

FROM Action Catholiaue (Quebec).
That there should be top organiza-
ton in Ottawa to speed up the building
OF houses is all right. But in each region
should not committees be formed on
which would sit, side by side, represen-
tative of the central organization: a re-
gional administrator; a delegate of the
provincial authorities; several delegates
OF the regional municipalities represeu-
tatiVes OF the architects, of the employ
erS and labor and construction associa-
tlons; even representatives of the credit
associations, the co-operatives, etc?
After all, living quarters constitute one
OF the three necessities of life. They play
an essential role in family life. They are
the backbone of our municipal system.
For large numbers, public and private,
morality depend on their sound condi-
ton. Physical health depends largely on
them. In word, more than half of our
worldly happiness is enjoyed within the
four walls and under the roof of the
house in which we live Few other prob
lens challenge 1t for first place in
human concern.
Evening star., 1946-09-18
Protest Coming Up

To the Editor of The Star:
For a decade the favorite pastime
of certain New Deal professors has been
to restrict American industry while
adopting the Communistic idea that
big business is inherently vicious. AS a
result industry has taken such a beat
ing that it is showing definite signs of
sickness, despite prosperity Increasing
and Unsuitable demands by labor and a
total disregard and defiance of the
rights of capital by power drunk bosses
are sapping faith in Americas future
Politicians for the most part seem more
interested in playing for votes" than
in righting wrongs, and needed legis-
lation has been pigeon-holed in. order
to appease certain groups.
At the coming elections the people
must decide whether regimented Red
regime is preferable to the American
system. We believe that the New Deal
will be buried beneath an avalanche of
protest at the polls.
EDMUND K. GOLDSBOROUGH.
Evening star., 1946-09-18

In the last article which appeared in
this column I pointed out that democ-
racy, like any other form of government,
depends on it's capacity to govern. Since
I wrote those words, Mr. Wallace (and
Senator Pepper have made their
speeches, as if to demonstrate, in the
most dramatic way, that the United
States today is country without gov
ernment-a nation in state of political
as we'll as economic anarchy.
1t is less with the content of Mr..
Wallace's speech than with the occa-
sion and manner of 1t that we should
be concerned. We are in the midst OF. a
very grave and tense international crisis; !;
in the midst of peace conference
which is not succeeding. The Secretary
of State, Mr. Byrnes, is not in Washing
ton, but in Paris. He Is accompanied
there by representative of each OF the
two leading American political parties.
At such a moment, member of Mr..
Byrnes' party and Secretary of Com
merce in the same cabinet, together with
a leading Democratic Senator, take the
occasion of a Political Action Committee
rally called. ostensibly. to fight the Re-
publican party and especially Mr. Dewey,
to attack, not Mr.. Dewey primarily, but
their own colleague, Mr. Byrnes. in a
speech on foreign policy which was
never submitted to or discussed with
Mr.. Byrnes' State Department.
Then, in Washington, President Tru-
man first said he had read and approved
the speech and later that he only meant
he approved Mr.. Wallace's right to
speak, not the content of his address.
Such behavior is not government. 1t
is neither good nor bad government,
but chaos.
Mr.. Wallace is not a private in
dividual, but member of the cabinet
If he disagrees with the Presidents and
Secretary of States policy he can either
argue to himself that foreign affairs are
not his official job, or resign and then
present his contradictory opinions to
the country. But under no orderly gov
ernment procedure can he exploit his
cabinet position to attack publicly the
cabinets and the Presidents policy.
Furthermore, under no orderly pro-
cedures of Government would the Presi-
dent have allowed cabinet member to
make any public speech on foreign af-
fairs without the consent of the State
Department. Two hours before the
Evening star., 1946-09-18
The Saar Basin
By Raym ond NJ oley

Under the Byrnes policy for Germany,
the Saar is to be given to France, as
part payment on reparations and be-
cause France had to endure German
attack in 1870, 1914 and 1910. 1t was
not SO stated, but this transfer is to
soften the blow occasioned by the denial
of French claims to the great industrial
area of the Ruhr- -Rhineland.
The Saar Basin-an area of some TAB
square miles and 800 900 population-was
cut out of the Bavarian state of Palat-
mate by the Versailles treaty. 1t was
to be governed by commission
appointed by the League of Nations.
France received special consideration in
the use of the coal from the region
because Germans had ruined French
mines in the war. Saar coal was to be
bought by the French in francs, not in
foreign currency or gold. In 1885, a
plebiScite was held under neutral aus
pices, in which the inhabitants voted 10-1
for German rule OF course, Hitler ap-
peared after the vote to celebrate his"
victory.
The population is thoroughly German.
This, however, was the case with Alsace
when it was occupied by Louis XIV in
the 17th century. But the Alsatian pop
ulation in the course of years, although
still speaking German, became Loyalty
French. Perhaps this can happen in
the Saar, If Europe can be stabilized
for long period The German popu-
lation can hardly be transported to an
overcrowded Germany.
Germany has already lost the valu-
able coal mines of Upper Silesia to
Poland. If she loses the Saar her for
mer coal production will be reduced by
a fifth. With France receiving Saar
coal, e0mething of pinch will be ap-
piled to British miners, who will lose
their French markets. Germany will
need coal, but will not, for a long time,
have the pounds or dollars to buy it
from England or the United States.
France will be uneasy as long as the
Saar population is unhappy. Germany,
with 60-odd million people, is on the
border, enviously cycling France, with
40 million people on larger and more
fertile territory.
The Ruhr-Aachen area has coal which
can bs more intensiXely exploited by a
Evening star., 1946-09-18
This Changing World
BY Constantine Bro,cn

While those responsible for Americas
security are not even vaguely attempt
ing to reintegrate our ground and
air forces. Russia and her satellites are
woking hard at perfecting their al
ready powerful military machine.
The administration in Washington
feels that any attempt to restore the
forces depleted ranks might have dis
aStrous effect on the forthcoming elec-
tionS
Behind the iron curtain everything is
being done to hasten the Sovet's mill
tary preparations. The official Russian
organ, Izvestia, commenting on Septem-
Der 10 about these developments, stated
that Soviet workmen and the engi-
neering and technical intelligentsia are
restoring and renovating the industry
according to Stains plan. 1t is pro-
viding the national economy, and par
ticularly the army, with all the require
ments under the new conditions of post
war development while the Red Army is
carrying high the banner of the most
advanced military force in modern
times"
At the same time the discipline in the
Red Army, which during the last phases
Vi VIC wal iCAt hioSii " NC OCoilCd, 10
being strengthened on the czarist pat
tern. In addressing the members of the
Red forces, Stain on September 8 used
the words "soldaty and matrosy" (sol-
diers and naval ratings. These had
been banned from the Soviet military
dictionary since october, 1917, because
of their link with czarist Russia and
also because they were considered as a
term of servitude. The word "tovarich"
was then officially adopted.
In many ways the Red Army is far
more realistic and progressive than the
armies of the west. On the one hand,
much attention is being paid to the
mechanization of the forces. New types
of tanks are being developed and much
attention is being given to modern
planes. According to reliable informa-
ton, Nazi V-weapon has been perfected
with the assistance of the German
scientists captured in the Russian zone
in Germany, and changed into a radar-
controlled missile to which atomic war
heads can be attached to increase its
destructive power.
Despite the official denials of the
Soviet government, the samples seen
over Scandinavia, Greece and France
gave the western military intelligence
Evening star., 1946-09-18

is higher local taxes. Everybody was
in favor, during the 1888 hearings,
OF higher lump sum. Everybody
was in favor of that at the Monday
tax hearings. But unless the Com
miSsioners are able to persuade the
President and the Budget Bureau
that the reform in Federal policy is
the place to begin, and that local
tax boosts should follow rather than
precede that reform, we are getting
nowhere in meeting our financial
problem and are threatening our
selves with futile as we'll as dam
aging taxation.
Evening star., 1946-09-18
Disaerees With Art Critic

To the Editor of The Star
1t seems that the United States Gov
ernment sent group of paintings from
our National Gallery to the Tate Gallery
in London.
Newspaper publicity has been given to
the alleged opinions of a so-called clever
English art critic who looked the show
over and decided that all American art,
past and present, smells to high heaven
In fact he divided it into periods. Ac-
cording to him, each period smells
worse than the last one. We Americans,
as artists, are working up to nothing,
rapidly. He bases his conclusions on
200 paintings selected for who knows
what reasons. On such basis, he pre-
sumes to classify and condemn Ameri-
can art.
Before being so final, no critic needs
to come to America, survey the whole
field of art himself, and do his own Sc
lecting without advice from persons in
power in the art world. In any case,
who cares? LAURA K. POLLOCK.
Evening star., 1946-09-18
Old Fishino Guide

You notice first his sloD and careful
t0ayS,
HIS reDerentiuI stroke OF rod and reel.
You listen for his mild and hard pon
praise
And knoao him for man of "eper
keel"
Like battered pessel that has come to
port,
He hugs the safety no,o OF harbored
coast,
His anglers skill for sale for others
sport,
His daily catch the cause for strangers
boast
His eyes contain wiSdom born OF toll,
OF labor done through long but patient
gears:
His Is knowledge both OF sea and soil,
Oft times OF courage and oft times OF
fears.
A moderated man, he's ntoored at last,
Secure and snug from any searching
blast
ALBERT WARNER DowLINo.