davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-31

1t. About five months, it is antici-
pated, may be required to assemble
all the necessary accessories and
effect the imperative adjustments OF
the intricate machinery of the "eye."
Then at last, after nearly two
decades. the Palomar telescope will
be ready for the exercise of its
greater light-gathering power" on
the problems of "the very faintest
extragalactic nebulae." It will by.
pass the moon and the earth's
familiar planets and look out beyond
them into space which never before
has been explored. The men of
organized common sense" operating
1t will try to verify or disprove re-
cent genealogical theories" 1t is
possible that they may discover new
facts" that heretofore have not
entered the human mind.
Naturally, the business of finishing
the big telescope on Mount Palomar
was delayed by the war. The gates
of the observatory grounds, however,
were reopened on January l. Visitors
since then have been permitted to
inspect the home of the two hundred
inch glass mammoth labora-
tory" one hundred and thirty seven
feet square, practically the same size
as the famous Pantheon at Rome
which Lord Byron described as the
shrine of all saints and temple Of
all gods" If the giant "eye" really
does what 1t is intended to do, it
soon may be regarded as the most
important, the most notably useful,
the most definitely revealing device
available to science. In that event,
San Diego County, California, is
likely to become a center for scien-
tiflc inquiry and experimentation far
more important than anybody ever
dreamed as little as only a few
months ago.
But it will not be necessary to 60
to Palomar Mountain to profit by the
two hundred : inch telescope. The
pictures it sees will be distributed
widely and promptly for amateur as
we'll as professional "skygazers" to
study. In this connection, it is
interesting to remember that the
first telescope builders were only
amateurs in 1908.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-31
The Greatest Eye

While further experiments with
radar are made, another great "eye"
will ''look for the uttermost" in the
heavens. Sky and Telescope Maya
zine for February contains an article
by Leland s. Copeland on the new
two hundred inch telescope on
Mount Palomar in California which,
the author says, will begin to scan
the deeper depths" Of infinity early
next year. If the instrument now
being completed justifies the conf
dence of it's sponsors, it will furnish
astronomers with the means to read
"the secrets of the greater suns and
of the metagalaxy."
The worlds largest telescope mir
ror is being polished to within two
millionths of an inch OF perfection
and shortly will be ready to be
mounted in the frame provided for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-31
Receiving Home SquobbIe

Some of the heat generated by the
dispute over what sort of new re-
ceiving home for children should be
built might have been avoided by
a more conciliatory and less arbi-
trary attitude on both sides.
But now that the controversy has
been resolved by the Commissioners
unwilling approval of the Board OF
Public Welfare designs, one point
should be given an emphasis which
is sometimes overlooked. And that
is that the efficient and humane
operation of Children's Receiving
Home will depend more on the type
of personnel chosen to run it than
on the details Of the architectural
design.
It would have been better, of
course, If the Board of Public We'll
fare, the protesting citizens con-
cerned with greater segregation of
delinquent from delinquent chill
dren and the Commissioners could
have sat down together at the be-
ginning and reached an understand
Ing on the type of institution that
would replace the existing home.
The tactics on both sides made this
difficult. The final decision leaves
everybody pouting.
But if the boards plans are
mistake, the mistake cannot be
attributed to mere stubbornness.
The board is willing to assume re-
>sponsibility for operation of new
home which, when completed, will
permit observation-disclosures it may
not be as complete as some observers
feel is desirable.
The chief problem, however is not
the layout of the building but to
secure, by proper selection of admin
istrative personnel, attracted by
higher salaries, capable people to
operate the home. We place great
stress on the need for new buildings
in our welfare institutions, because
so many of them are down at the
heels and need replacement. But If
our citizens will as vigorously insist
on raising the standard of admins
trative personnel in these institu-
tions as some of them do on con-
structing the type of building
approved by the latest set of experts,
the institutions will come more
nearly meeting the need they are
supposed to serve.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-31
This Changing World
By Constantine Broun

The lack OF an adequate liaison be-
tween the White House and the State
Department is said to have caused the
mixup whereby Secretary of State
Byrnes did not learn, until after vi
day, of President Roosevelt's agreement
giving the Kurile Islands to Russia
According to responsible quarters,
President Truman was fully aware of
the agreement before he reached Pots
dam. Charles E. Chip Bohlen of the
State Department, who was the official
interpreter at all the Big Three con-
ferences, and Freeman Matthews, the
head Of the European Division in the
State Department, also we're fully con-
versant with the terms of the secret
Yalta agreement. Both these men were
high level State Department officials
who should have informed their Sec
rotary of State of what occurred at the
conferences they attended.
The fset that there is no copy of the
agreement in the State Department is
not surprising to those who were in
Mr.. Roosevelts confidence. The late
President was irked by the many leaks"
which had come out Of the department.
and decided that many top secret
memoranda, agreements and transcripts
Of his transatlantic telephone CONVEX
sations should be kept In the White
House. Sometimes they were later
transmitted to the Secretary Of State
but only after they had lost their top
secret" Importance.
y \
This policy was accentuated after the
secret memorandum about conditions in
India-presented to Mr.. Roosevelt by
his personal representative, Ambassador
William Phillips-was published in the
newspapers.
This indiscretion of some State De-
partment officials caused endless en-
barrassment to the American Govern
ment and ended in the British govern
ment declaring Mr.. Phillips persona
non grata in London, where he occu-
pied an important position with the
Once of Strategic Services. Thereafter
most top secret matters were kept from
the State Department and the secret
agreement regarding the Kuriles was
one of them
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-31
Hosty Action Corrected

Inc restoration OF Lieutenant
General Sir Frederick E. Morgan to
his post as UNRRA administrator
in Germany rectifies a mistake that
could have been averted had Gen.
eral Morgan's superiors taken time
to ascertain the facts before an
nouncing his recall In effect, Gen
eral Morgan was summarily con-
victed of making remarks construed
in some quarters as anti-Semitic
without being afforded any oppor-
tunity to defend himself. In fact,
the regional director of UNRRA> in
London bluntly stated that General
Morgan had been asked to resign
irrespective of any further clarifi-
cation of the statements made or
attributed" to him. This custer edict
apparently was predicated on in
complete news reports of a press
conference in which General Nor
gan expressed belief that Polish Jews
were entering the American zone in
Germany under a well-organized
plan. There was an immediate hue
and cry for General Morgan's scalp
by many persons who interpreted
the remarks as indicating racial
bias on the part of UNRRA's rep
resentative in Germany.
General Morgan denounced these
differences as unjustified and un-
fair and he refused to submit his
resignation. Instead, he respectfully
insisted that he be given a hearing.
Director General Herbert H. Lehman
granted this request. AS a result of
"long and searching" conversations
with General Morgan, Mr.. Lehman
became convinced that General
Morgan's informal press conference
statements were not intended to
impute sinister motives to "individ-
uals or organizations seeking to i'm
prove the sorry plight of groups of
displaced persons" that the general
has no religious prejudices and that
he will continue to be an effective
and valuable administrator. Mean
while, General Morgan expressed re-
greet for having made statements
outside his province that could have
been misconstrued. 1t is of interest
to note that subsequent to these
statements, Third Army intelligence
officers and others confirmed the
fact that Polish Jews, seemingly well
financed, are infiltrating the Amer
lean occupation zone in Germany,
en- route to Palestine. This is a re-
settlement problem not the official
concern of UNRRA, however, and
Mr.. Lehman is correct in holding
that the subject is not proper one
to discuss at an UNRRA news con-
ference.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-31

say: These terrors I have seen are the
elemental forces Of nature. They have
lain dormant in the earth for centuries.
Now they are loosed. The greatest
danger that has ever confronted the
human race is this which we must meet
today What enmities and suspicious
may exist between man and man are
little transient things of no possible i'm
portance, compared with this. Give
me authority, that may return to the
councils of the nations and do my part
to build enduring peace; for only when
all men work together can all men be
safe from the powers whose fury I
have witnessed"
What have we, who have made the
atomic bomb, to hide? All men know
that we made 1t. All men know, what
we did with it. All men know that it
continues to exist. But though they
know these things, they are beginning
to forget them-to lay them aside, as
men will do with unpleasant thoughts.
It has been said that Americans here
at home do not really understand and
realize the horrors of the late war, be-
cause we have not experienced those
horrors at first hand. You hear such
talk everywhere: THE war is over. I
don't want to think about it any more"
That is but human. Yet it is also dam
gerous-in a world where there will
never again be time to redress error or
make up for years of self-indulgence.
So it is with the statesmen of the
United Nations. Some of them have
seen war, some have not. But there
is tendency already apparent in many
of them to forget it, to lay it aside, to
turn to other matters and to give them
an Importance which they scarcely
merit in the atomic age. The fate of
a province-the nature of the govern
ment in some little country-the flag
which is to fly above coral atoll-
such matters are feverishly debated,
while the ships move out across the
Pacific toward Bikini, where the flu
tility Of all this debate Is to be demon
strated in such fashion that those who
see that demonstration are never likely
to waste time in debating trifies again.
Let them come. Let them see the
terror we have made, and which we
now would enchain. Let them bear
the scar Of that memory on their minds
and hearts forever.
Let us hear no more OF dangerous
and stupid secretiveness. We shall do
more to ensure lasting peace by the
bursting Of those bombs before the
eyes of the statesmen of all nations
than we could do with the most learned
argument, the most earnest pleas, In
thousand years Of conferences.
tcopyrisht ie<6J
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-31

The Army is known to have opposed
the transfer of the Kuriles to mill
tant" foreign power and is reported to
have expressed the opinion that it would
rather see them in the hands of the
japanese, provided, of course, that Ja-
pan was totally disarmed and properly
controlled by the United States.
From an "active" strategic point of
view, this archipelago is of no use to
this country. But the strong west-east
winds which blow nine months out of
the year might impair the security of
the West Coast II these islands were in
the possession of nation with strong
military power. They might help what
ever new devices modern science might
develop in air warfare.
Before their defeat the Japs sent
over from the Kuriles number of bal
looms which dropped incendiary mate
rails on our West Coast.
Real instruments of destruction
rather than balloons might be sent from
the same spot in the event of major
conflict between world powers This
was the only argument opposing the
transfer of the islands to Russia. The
Navy is said to have expressed no def
mite disapproval- of eventual transfer
when Mr.. Roosevelt. several weeks be-
fore going to Teheran, asked the opin-
ion of all the services about the poten-
tial value of the Kuriles to the United
States.
Now that the Russians have 10000
men in this archipelago, the entire mat
ter is considered as water over the dam
except for the fact that it shows that
there is no real coordination between
our top policy-framers on vital foreign
policy questions.
Since the military matters are now
in the background. the Importance of a
co-ordinated foreign policy appears to
be as vital as the coordination between
the armed forces of the United States
in wartime. Yet the explanation given
Tuesday by Secretary Byrnes that he
learned about the Yalta agreements
after VI day, only serves to demon
strate that we are still long way from
consolidation of our foreign policies.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-31
Let the Nations See
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

The House Naval Affairs Committee
has demanded that the United States
keep secret the results Of the atomic
bomb tests to be made in the Pacific.
This despite the fact that Secretary of
State Byrnes, after having said that
the presence of foreign observers would
require long and serious study, has now
come out in favor of having members
of the United Nations Atomic Energy
Commission present at the test.
OF course they should be present.
They should see what happens when an
atomic bomb goes off.
What better means could we possibly
devise to give life and point to the work
of building a world in which men and
women and children shall be safe from
such devilish devices?
Above all others, the permanent rep
resentatives of the nations on the Sc
curity Council, and the members OF the
new Atomic Commission to be appointed
by the General Assembly, should be on
hand. These are the men who must
find the path to safety. These are the
men who should see with their own
eyes what it is they are trying to save
themselves from-themselves and all the
rest of mankind, including unborn gen.
erations.
No secondhand descriptions, no sci
entific warnings, no photographs or even
motion pictures of Hiroshima and Maya
saki, viii be imprinted one one-hun-
dredth as graphically on the memories
and consciences Of these men as what
thew will see ollt in the far Pacific when
the bombs go off above the lagoon of
Bikini Atoll
That they will remember. That will
be thought which will live with them
day and night.
1t will check them as they open their
mouths at the council table to say words
that had better be left unsaid. It will
melt the pride and the stubbornnesS
that besets all men at times. It will
make them humble 1t will inspire them
with a sense of imperiShable necessity.
with the fire and the fervor of those
who go forth on mission from which
there can be no turning back. 1t will
wake them shuddering in the still
watches of the night, to toss upon their
pillows and search their hearts, asking
themselves: Have done my best to-
day? And, tomorrow, can not find a
way to do better? We disagreed today
was it my fault? We dare not disagree
again tomorrow"
It will send them back to their capi-
tails to tell their chiefs Of state, their
colleagues In government. their peo-
pies, what they have experienced. It
Will send each one Of them back b
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-31
Deep Woods

In the deep Dinter moods
Is no sound at all!
The ear listens long
To hear the laughing call
OF the brook, as it races,
Purple black, beloD
The uninterrupted UaHl
A t1ind that stirs,
DisturbS the dormant oaks
To siDishing sound
A dry-leat song-inpokes
Some whispered saga
Winter-old, half-told,
Which soothes. provokesl
An old crop circles,
With no sound alights,
Across the ,Uood top
Takes his ,Unry sights,
Remains. And suddenly
With small birds fown,
This silence his-I see
Why sums and scented NIGHTS
And soft repose,
Though fair. tDere neper meant
For cro,Us and mel
RAMONA GRAHAM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-31
Does No One Care j?
To the Editor of The star;

To the Editor OF The Star:
Hundreds Of wounded servicemen are
confined to inland hospitals, many To-
Gated in the deep and un-air-condition
ed South, while others, more fortunate,
have had chance to recuperate in
Atlantic City. But this must not con-
tinue, the hotel and amusement people
allegedly say. because they need the
space for profit and because the pres
ence Of those wounded men is "depress-
ing.
Too bad these hotel and amusement
people can't spend few months in
plaster casts or on crutches themselves
or locked in wards commanding views
of nothing but other wards or fiat hot
countryside. Too bad they can't have
short passes away from these places
to visit whistle-stop towns with MOTH
ing In the way Of entertainment. But
no one seems to care.
LAvINA FALcoNEH.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-31
British Army Strikes

Though given scant publicity in
this country and discreetly played
down in the English press. British
troops on foreign service are moved
by the same desire to get home and
get back to civilian life as American
soldiers are displaying. Indeed. the
form taken by British protests is
more extreme than those in which
our disconnected soldiers have in
dulged.
Recent dispatches from the Near
and Middle East tell of British
soldier protest strikes" The big
gest of these demonstrations took
place at Singapore, where 1000 Raj
ground crew personnel quit their
duties. When Air Marshal Sir
Keith Park addressed the demon
strators he was met with shouts
Of "ships for blighty (home); not
for laval" And further shouts of
protest greeted his assurance that
the Air Ministry has agreed to a re-
duction of the duty tour" on for
eign service when possible" SINH
lar strikes of Raj personnel, all of
which have now been called off, took
place at air bases near Calcutta and
Karachi in western India, Colombo,
Ceylon; Cairo, Egypt, and LYDIA,
Palestine.
The term strike" is, of course, a
euphemism for "mutiny" according
to the traditional military code.
That is a serious matter, made even
more serious by the fact that they
involved so many units of the Royal
Air Force, supposedly one of the
crack branches of the British Army
and certainly the one most needed
to maintain Britain's far-f1ung en-
pire. Another psint to be noted is
that the disaffection includes single
men, who protest against present
regulations requiring from them
three years and six months of for
eign service and are not Modified
by the new modification reducing
the duty tour" to three years. To
us Americans this may seem a
major grievance, but the British
Regular Army has always been on
a long-enlistment basis with ex-
tensive stretches of foreign service
The basic reason for current un-
rest in the British armed forces is
probably the slower rate of demobi-
lization than had been anticipated
This is. of course, due to Britaih's
commitments and responsibilities
coupled with politico diplomatic
tension throughout the Near anc
Middle East which requires the re-
tention of large quotas of British
troops in many regions there. But
whatever the justification, the mer
involved feel aggrieved just thu
same. British manpower has beer
modified ever since the autumn O.
1889. That lis a period of more thar
six years. While relatively few o
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-31
Welcome, ANYHOW
pm the Ottawa tKansJ Herald,

From the OTTAWA tKans.) Herald.
Is it our imagination or do all the
postwar cars look as much alike as the
last OF the prewar cars did? Experts
may be able to spot certain differences
in the curlicues of the radiator grillwork
or the tilt of the rear-vision mirrors.
but to us they show no more variation
than baby wolves from the same fra
ternity pack. Gone are the happy days
when you always tell Ford by its brass
hubcaps, a Packard by its headlights
and Maxwell by its being pulled up
on the side of the road for repairs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-31

the privates have served continu-
ously all that time, a large proper
ton have been away from Britain on
long terms of foreign service in try
ing climates and with much hard
fighting. No wonder that war wear
mess and homesickness tend to UNI
dermine morale.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-31
Letters to The Star
Recalls Wilson's Words on Every
/, Enlightened Community
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
On January 81, The Star published
a condensed version of President Tru-
mans message to Congress on the
budget and the state of the Union
In one paragraph of the address the
President recommended self-govern-
ment for the District of Columbia,
saying: "The District of Columbia, be-
cause of its special relation to the
Federal Government, has been treated
since 1900 as dependent area. We
should move toward greater measure
of local self-government consistent with
the constitutional status Of the District.
We should take adequate steps to assure
that citizens Of the United States are
not denied their franchise merely be-
cause they reside at the Nations Capt.
tal"
Some Neutrality-suspicious. remember
reading the address that President
Woodrow Wilson delivered before the
Senate on January 20, 1917, when he
spoke as follows: "The equality Of
nations upon which peace must be
founded, If 1t is to last, must be an
equality of rights -
1.-THE world can be at peace only If
its life Is stable, and there can be no
stability where the will is in rebellion,
where there is not tranquility of spirit
and sense of justice. of freedom, and
of right.
These are American principles,
American policies. We can stand for no
others. And they are also the principles
and policies of forward-looking men
and women everywhere. of every mod
ern nation, of every enlightened COM
munity."
Is the United States q modern ma
ton?
Why can't the City of Washington
be an enlightened community and vote
for its President, its Congressman, its
Mayor ana its councilmen?
DAVID r. MIDDLETON.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-31

If one cannot have the strength
of the strong, one had best cultivate
the strength of the weak. Moses,
after all, was meek sort of fellow,
yet he got farther, did more, is bet
ter remembered than Sampson, who
was as big and husky as all outdoors
and not otherwise fortunate. q
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-31

There was an ancient superstition
that one who ate whole mince pie
at Christmastime was assured of
happy month. Also at least one
extremely unhappy night.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-16
Local High School :
Pupils Attend Meet

Catherine Grove. Larry Dagen-
hart, Catherine MacRae and Mari.
Ign Goodman along with Mrs.
.Meares Harriss, faculty advisor,
and Mrs. MacRae journeyed te
Greensboro last week as delegates
to the annual Social Standards day
conference held in the Greensboro
High school. They arrived or
Wednesday night and stayed in the
homes of the local high school
students.
Social Standards day is a day sci
aside by Greensboro High school or
which a program is put on to en-.
courage good citizenship. The theme
this year Vas Where Do We &C
From Here. The common problem
Of now to choose a vocation wa.
stressed.
Friday the delegates went to
Durham for the high school foot
ball game and returned to Viii,
mington that night.