davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-05-17

negotiate a new work contract with
John L. Lewis miners, procedure
which was followed to end the war
time mine strikes of 1913.
This plan would be tantamount to
compulsory arbitration of the op-
orators contract dispute with Mr..
Lewis. Late yesterday, both sides
rejected the Presidents proposal to
voluntarily submit to arbitration.
Federal officials believe, however,
that any contract worked out with
Mr.. Lewis should be submitted to
the operators before becoming ef-
fective
Mr.. Lewis answer to Mr.. Truman
was not outright rejection, but it
amounted to that. He told the
President his Negotiating Commit
tee was not authorized to accept
the plan. He meant that his $50
man UNIV Policy Committee, which
was sent home after ordering the
15-day strike truce last Friday, had
not empowered him to take such a
;tep.
The operators, through their
spokesman, Charles O'Neill, in
formed the President they were
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-05-17
Allies Sharply Raise
Tax Rates in Germany
BY the AssoeIofed Press

BERLIN, May 1.-THE Allied
Control Council for Germany today
drastically increased the taxes on
tobacco, matches, beer and alcohol.
Some rates were raised as much
as 5000 per cent.
The new law represents another
step in overhauling the German
tax structure. The process started
in February when income and prop
erty taxes were raised to increase
revenue and reduce the imitation
potential.
All of the new tax increases are
on products in scant supply.
The largest increase was on alco-
hol for beverage use. The rate rose
approximately 5000 per cent to a.
new rate of 11,470 marks (S1,147)
per hundred liters (26.4 gallons.
The beer tax was raised from
Is to .125 per cent depending on the
alcoholic content.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-05-17
us. and Britain Agree
On anime Aid Plans,
Morrison Reports
British Official Talks
With Newsmen After
White House Visit

An glo-American agreement
for plans to feed the starving of
other nations has been reached
and will be announced this
afternoon, Herbert Morrison
Lord, president of the British
Council, told newsmen after a
visit at the White House today.
Mr.. Morrison said the agreement
was reached after some tough argu-
ments' but that the discussions
have been amicable and friendly
throughout"
We've had to make sacrifices and
other people have had to do the
same" Mr.. Morrison said.
He added that he wanted to pay
a tribute to the courtesy and un-
Outstanding exhibited by Secretary
of Agriculture Anderson and As
sistant Secretary of State Clayton
who have been representing this
Government in the negotiations.
Truman Ask Soviet Aid.
Mr.. Morrison called at the White
House preparatory to leaving for
Ottawa.
Meanwhile, Russia's position in
the world food crisis received re-
newed attention with President Tru-
mans disclosure that he has been
in touch with Prime Minister Stain
on the subject.
The Chief Executive refused to
disclose any details, but diplomatic
officials said Mr.. Truman had ap-
pealed for Soviet help in supplying
food to famine areas. These officials
had no word of any reply from Mos
cow.
At another point in his news con-
ference yesterday, the President I'M
derscored the part the United States
is playing in the crisis when he SAID
we are doing more than any other
country.
Adds Encouraging Note.
He added a slightly encouraging
note, too, by saying he does not
think the real facts would show
conditions as bad as they have beer
pictured.
Former President Herbert Hoover
prepared to ampiify his report or
the round-the-w world food study he
made at Mr.. Humans request. Mr.
Hoover will address a Nationwide
radio audience from Chicago at 8
o'clock tonight.
Agriculture Department officials
disclaimed knowledge of the specific
nature of famine assistance beine
sought from Mr.. Stain.
They asserted, however, that the
British-American-Canadian Com
bined Food Board, which has been
attempting to round up and distrib-
ute food to hungry areas, had sought
information on Russia's future re-
lief plans.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-05-17
Senate Leaders Press
Drive 10 Speed New
Draft Extension Law
Declare Increasing Age
Limit to 70 Won't
Meet Services Needs
By the Assoeioied Pres.

Senate leaders applied fresh
pressure today for speedy enact
ment of a new draft extension
law, saying President Truman's
age limit boost cannot meet
Army and Navy needs.
Acting to save what we can
from the near wreckage of the
selective service system" the Chief
Executive late yesterday ordered the
induction of men through 20 .ears
OF age. Army estimates place 49,
600 eligible men (nopfathers) in
that group, but the possibility arose
that few would be drafted before
the new July l expiration date.
Previously Is was the top limit
but that was before the House
forced the Senate to agree to ex.
empt 10 and 10 year Odds in order
to keep the entire Draft Act from
dying last Tuesday. Draft of men
in the 1928 age group was stopped
by the President shortly after VI
day.
Hill Urges Years Extension.
Senator Hill of Alabama, Demo-
cratic whip and member of the
Military Affairs Committee which
called for full-year draft extern
sion without exempting teen-agers
told reporter:
THE country and the Congress
must meet this issue head-on and
now. There are not enough men
in the 20 to 80 class to provide the
numbers that the Army and Navy
needs. That means that fathers
now in the service and men with
long overseas service, some of it
combat, must stay on duty until
there are replacements."
! Acknowledging that there has been
much pressure from parents of the
IL and 10 year olds, Senator Hill
added: THE public and some
members have overlooked the pres
sure that will come from wives and
parents of the long service veterans
If they cannot be released"
Senator Austin of Vermont, rank
ing Republican member of the Mill
tary Committee, commented that
permanent solution of the draft
issue is one of the key measures in
our entire international policy"
Says Law Can Be Speeded.
II can't understand the argu-
ments of some who say we should
not draft young boys and expose
them to immoral surroundings and
then at the same time advise us to
increase pay so these same boys will
volunteer" Senator Austin said in
an interview.
Urging that pending labor legis-
lation be laid aside temporarily,
Senator Austin expressed belief that
I'VE can pass permanent draft ex-
tension in less than two days de-
bate"
While Selective Service said it ex-
poets to send an official notification
of the new age limit to local boards
within few days, one official esti-
mated that the boards will not be
ready to call up any of the eligibles
for pre-induction physical examina-
lions before June l.
Those who pass and are put in
/C.o no 4 NM ~ =
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-05-17
Navy Finds New Secret of Deep,
Suspended Layer in Pacific
Discovery May Have Military Value
In Calculating Sound Device Results

ments, or affect the course of SUBJ
surface missiles.
Existence of the layer, which is
300 miles wide and was found from
1000 to 1,500 feet below the Pacific
surface off the California coast was
detected by Navy scientists while
testing special sonar" equipment
during the war.
Sonar" is technique designed
to detect and locate distant objects
through the use of sound waves
which are beamed out to be
echoed" back by the target, or OBJ
struction they may encounter.
One characteristic Of the new layer
is that it changes its depth every "a
hours. It rises several hundred feet
toward the surface each evening
and sinks to greater depths in the
morning.
The layer has been named the
"ECR layer" after the initials Of
the scientists in charge Of the re.
search program.
They are DR.. c. F. Eyring, dean OF
the College of Arts and Sciences
Brigham Young University, Utah;
DR.. r. j. Christensen, formerly OF
the San Mateo Junior College, Cali
fornia, and DR.. r. w. Raitt, for
merly with the Geophysical Engin-
eering Corp, Pasadena.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-05-17
Truman to Address
Governors Farley in
oklahoma MAY "

President Truman will open
the annual Governors Confer
ence in Oklahoma City with a
speech at l pm. Monday, May
~, Press Secretary Charles G.
Ross announced today.
The President will speak in
the Municipal Auditorium of
the Oklahoma Capital, which
seats about 1000 persons.
Mr.. Ross also said the Presi-
dent expected to go through
with his plans to visit William
Jewell College at Liberty, Mo-.
this Monday to receive an hon.
orary degree.
The President originally in
tended to leave for Missouri to-
morrow, but was held up by the
breakdown Of coal and rail me-
gotiations and now will delay
his start.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-05-17
House Approves
14pct. Federal
Pay Raise Bill
Vote Is Unanimous;
Conference Measure
Now Goes to Senute
By Joseph Young

The House this afternoon
passed and sent to the Senate
the Federal pay bill granting
nearly 100000 classified Gov
eminent employees fiat IA per
cent pay raise.
BY unanimous voice vote, the
House adopted the House-Senate
conferees' bill which also provides
for drastic reduction in Federal
personnel by July /, 1947.
The bill, which provides a $3.50
guarantee to all Federal employees
making less than $1,000 a year,
would become effective July /. The
Senate is expected to take up the
bill next week.
Chairman Downey of the Senate
Civil Service Committee said earlier
today he would seek Senate action
on the bill as soon as the House
disposes of it.
The pay measure effects approxi-
mately 100000 Government en-
ployes, of whom nearly 10000 are
in the District.
Five Bills for Committee.
| The House Civil Service Commit
tee met this morning and discussed
but took no action on five bills on
the committee calendar.
One of these is the Senate passed
bill for recomputation of retire.
ment annuities for Government
workers making $1,000 a year or
more who were retired prior to
January "a, 1912, when retirement
contributions were raised from 35
per cent to per cent.
Some retired workers would get
higher annuities on passage of the
bill because annuities since 1912
have been computed on the basis
of the highest salaries over a five
year period.
Four House bills await action.
| These are:
H. R. 1851 to permit retirement at
age 81 with Is years service for
Government employees who had be-
come i'll and later recovered but
were unable to regain Government
job. Persons in this class now do
not get retirement pay, but are al
lowed only a return of their de-
posts plus interest, Capitol officials
said.
Would Give Probationary Credit.
H. R. 1868, to give credit for flav-
ing served the probationary period
to a Government job applicant
whose name was reached on the
civil service eligible lists but was
drafted before he could take the
job. but subsequent to war service
found a Government job.
H. r. 1892, to prevent assessment
against a Government workers re-
tirement deposits, though not
against his salary or other resources,
of claims levied for his disburse-
ment of Government funds for pur-
poses later disallowed following an
audit by the General Accounting
Office.
H. R. 6170, to amend veterans
preference so as to prevent prefer
ence in Government jobs being
given for voluntary, part-time men,
bership in the Coast Guard.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-05-17
lSee COAL, Page A-4. }
1000 Planes Ready
In Case Of Rail Strike

The Army Air Forces said today
that more than 1000 commercial
freight and passenger airplanes
throughout the country have been
marked for possible emergency use
in the event of a railroad strike.
Should it become necessary to
commander available planes for
emergency freight and passenger
transportation, it was said, the pro-
gram probably would be under the
direction of the Army's Air Trans
port Command.
Representatives of the Air Trans
portation Association in Washing
ton, trade body of the commercial
airlines, have been in conference
with War Department officials this
week on the situation, it was
learned.
While confirming reports from
New York on the possible use of air.
plane service, the AAF had no COM
ment on reports that the arrange
ment had been worked out by Gen.
H. H. Arnold, former commander of
the AAF.
The War Department realizes, it
was reported, that the scheduled
airlines are carrying close to capac-
ity loads in the 454 passenger planes
IN domestic service These planes
are flying an average of II hours
each day.
Most Of the planes are rugged for
cargo, it was said, and a rough
estimate Of their capacity indicated
they possibly could provide a total
of $3.50, 900 ton miles per 12-hour
day. This tonnage is negligible in
comparison with the average days
freight haul by railroads, but could
be put to good use If confined solely
to perishable and other emergency
cargoes.
In the New York area, it was re-
ported at least 300 airplanes have
been earmarked for possible use
At least one charter freight line,
the United States Air Lines with
headquarters in st. Petersburg, Fla,
was said to have advised its New
York agents all movements subject
to freight contract were Cancelled
a. OF noon today.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-05-17
Reaction Is Awaited
On Presidents Plan
To Shift Agencies
Reorganization Program
includes Cabinet Stotus
For Federal Security
partial Tert on Page A-6.)
partial Tert on Page A-6.)
By Joseph A. Fox

Congressional and depart
mental reaction was awaited to-
day on President Truman's in
itial governmental reorganiza-
ton program, designed to affect
many agencies and incorporat-
ing a plan for a greatly expanded
Federal Security Agency for
which cabinet status will be
sought soon.
The blueprint for widespread re-
vamping. made possible by legisla-
ton enacted last December, went
to Congress late yesterday in three
sections. In large part, it called
for relatively minor changes in the
governmental structure, and made
no estimate of savings. The Presi-
dent expressed hope that it would
be productive of improvement.
The recommendation created
only slight stir on Capitol Hill,
although the ever-present possibility
OF controversy was seen in the
shifts through which Mr.. Truman
seeks to build up FSA. He pro-
posed abolition of the independent
Employees Compensation Commits
sion, which administer workmens
compensation for Federal employees,
and placing its functions in the
enlarged agency; termination of
the measure of autonomy enjoyed
by the Social Security Board and
its absorption into FSA; shift of
the Children's Bureau-exclusive of
child labor supervision-from the
Labor Department to FSA, and
transfer there, too, of the vital
statistics functions of the Census
Bureau, now in Commerce.
The reorganization program must
lie before Congress for so days Or
possible rejection - unless 500 Ter
approved - and Senate Majority
Leader Barley said its submission
made it practically certain that Con-
gress would not quit until after July
Is. He added that there was little
hope of getting through before then
anyway, at the rate legislation is
progressing.
In an executive order today, the
President transferred fiscal func-
! tons relating to lease-lend matters
from the State to the Treasury De-
partment.
In proposing the FSA reorgani-
zation feature, as plan 2, the Presi-
dent told Congress:
THE size and scope of the Fed
eral Security Agency and the impor-
lance of it's functions clearly call
for departmental status and per-
manent place in the Presidents
cabinet. In number of personnel
and volume of expenditures the
agency exceeds several of the exist
ing departments. Much more i'm
portant, the fundamental character
lof its MISREPRESENTATION, health,
fCon - a ATTry a r7TONT = \
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-05-17
Ulster Court Denies Writ
To Dying Hunger Striker
BY the Associated Press

BELFAST, Northern Ireland, May
l7.-Hunger striking David Flem-
ing apparently lost his last chance
for release from Crulin jail today.
The high court of Ulster dismissed
an application for a writ of man.
damus for the young member of
the illegal Irish Republican Army.
Fleming is near death after re-
fusing to eat for SIS days.
The high court ruled that the ap-
plication for a writ was "miscon-
ceived."
The application was filed by Flem-
ing's attorney under a prison health
act whereby convicts may be
granted temporary release when
suffering from illness brought on
by their own actions. Meanwhile,
the fast-weakening Fleming stub
bornly maintained a victory or
death" stand, ignoring pleas of
friends and relatives to persuade
him to eat.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-05-17
BY the Assoeiotsd Press

HAVANA, Cuba, May 17.-Unof-
fetal reports today said heavy
shooting broke out early this morn
ing at Camp Columbia, Cuban Army
headquarters near Havana, and
that several persons were killed and
wounded.
The newspaper Information de-
scribed the disorder as "seditious
uprising" of military contingents in
the camp which was dealt with
Immediately" but no other Cuban
newspapers gave 1t such seditious
character.
Other reliable sources said the
difficulty developed when several
officers and men refused to obey
orders transferring them to the
military base of San Antonio de los
Banos. That base is to be handed
over to Cuba by the United States
next Monday. Another at San
Julian also is to be returned on that
day.
Gen. Genovevo Perez, head of the
Cuban Army, was reported to have
visited President Grau San Martin
ut am. to inform him of the
events ut Camp Columbia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-05-17
McNutt and Roxus Plan
Manila Tukeoff Today
BY the Associated Press

Paul v. McNutt, high commits
sioner to the Philippines, and Man.
uei Roxas, President-elect of the
Philippines, planned to start their
return flight to Manila this after
noon after a conference with Presi-
dent Truman.
While the hour of their depart
ure was not definite, members Of
their party said they hoped to reach
Martinsville, Ind, early tonight for
a visit with Mr.. McNutt's father.
The Indiana stop will be brief since
Mr.. Roxas has speaking engage
ment in San Francisco tomorrow
noon.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-05-17
Justice Groner Calls
District Court HOUSING
Facilities a Scandal
Judicial Conference
Discusses Need for
Higher Standards

The pressing need for a new
courthouse and higher educa-
tional standards for admission
of nonresident lawyers to the
District bar were in the fore
front of discussions today at the
seventh annual Judicial Circuit
Conference at the United States
Court of Appeals.
Chief Justice D. Lawrence Groner
of the appellate tribunal, presiding
called existing housing facilities TO,
the District Court "a scandal" He
said he has mot the slightest
doubt that the program for a bet
ter courthouse will be realized anc
that 1t is only question of time
Justice Rutledge of the Supreme
Court, who formerly sat on the ap.
pellate court here, participated In
today's conference.
Huber Hopes for improvement.
Representative Huber, Democrat
OF Ohio, member of the House Com
mittee on Public Buildings and
Grounds, told the conference he
hoped Congress will soon provide
better public housing facilities sc
vitality needed in the District OF
Columbia" and particularly a new
courthouse. He said more members
OF Congress should tour the court
house and see the crowded condi-
lions.
Mr.. Huber said many county
courthouses have better facilities
than District Court, pointing out
that the jurists here do not even
have their own library or study
rooms. He spoke of the packed
humanity" he found crowding the
corridors and said it reminded him
OF the Police Court in his home
town of Akron, on a Monday morn
ing.
He declared that if the same at
tention had been given to careful
planning of public buildings that
was bestowed upon now useless
structures from Maine to California
including "honkeytonks and night
clubs, we could have a worthwhile
public buildings program under way
now to take care of the courts and
other needs"
Buildings Held Essential.
Mr.. Huber asserted there was
nothing more essential than ade-
Nquate court buildings to provide for
the proper conduct of the business
OF the judiciary. He said yesterday
problem was the war, today it is vet
Grams housing and tomorrow it will
be something else, so that adequate
public building must be pushed tc
the forefront now. He added that
AL OF us would hold up any build
ing, if it would alleviate veterans
housing"
Robert v. Fleming, president O.
Riggs National Bank, representing
the layman's viewpoint, told tn,
conference "the facilities here art
so deplorable, it certainly puts 8
high premium on good citizenship tx
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-05-17
Senate Appears in Mood to Ban
Welfare Eund on Lewis Terms
Foes Concede Majority Fovors Byrd Proposal
But Debate Keeps Members From VOTING

ing OUTLAW" measure offered by
Senator Byrd, Democrat of Virginia
Senator Byrd told a reporter he
is certain majority wants his pro-
posal tackled on to a mild" labor
disputes bill placed before the Sem
ate by its Labor Committee.
Senator Morse, Republican of
Oregon, who opposes any restric-
tive labor legislation at this time,
said he also recognizes that a
majority favors the Byrd amend
ment.
He added that he thinks those
who vote for it and other pending
proposals to put teeth" in Federal
labor laws will be sorry later when
they cool off.
Senator Byrd manifested impa-
(See STRTKE CONTROI. Do A-e7
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-05-17
By the Assoeiofed Press

The Senate was in a mood to.
day to outlaw employer contri-
buttons to benefit funds which
unions may spend as they see fit
Even opponents of the propose
conceded it had majority support
but debate on the turbulent labor
picture kept denying the chamber
a chance to vote.
The legislation is aimed at the
type fund which John L. Lewis
chief of the United Mine Workers
has asked operators to provide for
his unions health and welfare
activities.
Mr.. Lewis's demand was credited
by opposing sides with having Gre
ated majority support for the pend
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-05-17
Cleveland Leads Mats
10; Teller, Heafner
Stage Mound Duel
Boudreou Scores for
Indiuns in Second
After Getting Single
By Burton Howkins
Stor Sfoff CORRESPONDENT

CLEVELAND, May 1.-THE
Washington Nationals faced Bob
Teller, Cleveland's ace hurler, in
the first game of a double-h
er here today. Heafner was the
Washington pitcher.
Cleveland was leading, to O, at
the end of the seventh inning.
FIRST INNING.
WASHINGTON-Robertson took
a third strike. Lewis famed. Spence
flied to Mackiewicz. No runs.
CLEVELAND-Ca flied to Heath
Rocco grounded out to Vernon
Boudreau singled to left; then took
second on wild pitch. Secrecy was
safe when Robertson's wide throw
pulled Vernon off first base, Bou-
dreau holding second. Keltner
singled to center, scoring Boudreau
Secrecy stopping at second. Meyer
forced Keltner at second, Travis to
Priddy. One run.
SECOND INNING.
Observation-Disclosures took a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-05-17
y. S. SEXES Nations Railroads
To Prevent Walkout Tomorrow
AndPaveWay for Mines Control
Presidents Order
Is Effective at
4P.M. Today
BULLETIN

President Truman signed
an executive order at $50
o'clock this afternoon under
which the Government will
take over the Nations rail-
roads. The President acted
within a few minutes after he
had been advised by the heads
of the Trainmen and Engi-
neers' unions that their
threatened strike would 20
into effect at 4 pm. tomor-
row. The Presidents order is
effective at 4 pm. today.