davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-01-13
Capital Sidelights
BIZ Will P. Kennedy.

1t is heartening news for 1--WE the
People who have been viewing with
alarm dangerous situations and a
modern trend toward deriding Congress,
that some of the leaders in both House
and Senate have been devoting much
Of their brief vacation to renewing their
strength, spiritually as we'll as physically
They have been refreshing the con-
sciousneSs Of, their own responsibilities
as elected and solemnly sworn rep
resentatives Of the sovereign voters, by
reading two notable books, seldom con-
sidered in recent years, written by two
of the greatest political students and
authorities in American history, Pres
idents James Monroe and Woodrow
Wilson.
From 1925 when he retired from the
presidency until 1881 when he died
Monroe devoted his matured judgment
and experience to writing The People
the Sovereigns," a comparison of the
Government of the United States with
those of the republics which previously
their decadence and fall. 1t was edited
and published in 1867 by his grand
son and administrator, Samuel l..
Gouverneur with the encouragement of
some of the most distinguished literary
men of the day. including George Ban
croft, the historian, and Samuel Tyler,
internationally known from his pl1ilos-
optical writings. 1t was dedicated to
THE People" whom he considered the
originators and supporters of all govern
ments and the sovereigns in the exercise
of the powers OF government-this being
the true exposition of the Monroe
Doctrine, of which he was author. Mr..
Gouverneur in his preface. gave as
surance that mot one word has been
added to the original text, neither has
one been erased from the manuscript
copy"
Congressional Government, Study
in American Politics." was the first
published book by Woodrow Wilson. 1t
was printed in 1885, when he was %
years old and associate professor of
history and political economy at Bryn
Mawr College and fellow in history at
Johns Hopkins University. The Con-
stitution since has been amended six
times-frst, authorizing income taxes;
then popular election of Senators, pro-
hibition, woman suffrage; changing the
term of the President, Vice President
and Congress, and fixing succession in
the event the President-elect is dis
qualified or dies; finally prohibition
repeal.
These two books prove interesting
reading for those seeking an under
standing of their Government and the
province of the House. especially as
custodian, bulwark and citadel of the
rights Of the self-governing people.
Evening star., 1946-01-13
White House Expansion

The plans and drawings for add
ing needed Office space to the White
House, released yesterday, probably
will raise number of questions.
But glance over them Suffces to
show that Lorenzo S. Winslow, off,
cial architect of the Executive Man
sion, has not approached his task
without caution. Faced with the
imperative problem of how to pro-
vide more room for the work which
the President and his staff are
doing, he suggests new west wing
along West Executive avenue, the
remodeling of the east wing and the
development of a small auditorium
of a sort on the south.
1t is Mr.. Winslow's conviction that
none of these changes will alter the
basic beauty of the White House as
it traditionally is seen from Penn
sylvania avenue. Naturally, he will
welcome the opinions of other archi-
tectS. Indeed, it is his duty to
solicit and the professions obliga-
ton to furnish cooperation to the
end that whatever at last is done
will be right and not wrong.
In this connection, of course, the
alternative project for an Executive
Office Building in the block bounded
by Pennsylvania avenue, Jackson
place, H street and Seventeenth
street likewise should be studied by
all concerned. Models prepared for
the edifice are believed to be
available and ought to be examined
anew in relation to the present
issue. Mr.. Winslow himself has
told President Truman that further
additions to the Executive Mansion
in, say, another twenty or thirty
years can be effected only by de-
stroying the last veStiges of the
White House design as it hitherto
has been known. The expansion he
is sponsoring admittedly is the last
that is practicable. This seems to
indicate the desirability of starting
the proposed Executive Office Build
ing now, rather than temporizing
with less defensible expedients. In
any case, the entire subject wants
and must have study.
Particularly, the public will be in
terested to know more about the
suggested White House museum.
For at least a century the trend
has been toward correlating historic
relics of national significance in the
Smithsonian Institution, the Library
of Congress and the National Ar
chives. If contrary policy is to be
adopted and the existing collections
scattered and the Smithsonian, the
Library and the Archives thereby
impoverished, the decision should be
taken solemnly and with full COM
prehension of possibly unfortunate
consequences, which all citizens
would regret.
Evening star., 1946-01-13

differential analyzer, was in use
at the Massachusetts, Institute OF
Technology. Now the United States
Weather Bureau is considering the
possibility of using such calculat-
ing device as an aid in figuring"
what the weather will be at a given
time in the near future.
The weather man must be skilled
mathematician to compile and an
alyze all the complicated and va
riable factors which enter into fore
casting. In the past it has been
impossible for him to consider all
these factors, for the simple reason
that storm would have become
history before he could complete all
the necessary calculations. But
with high-Speed calculator to do
this work for him in a few minutes
or less, the forecaSter would be able
to base his prophecy on all avail
able data and thus eliminate much
of the guesSWork. Weather Bureau
officials caution that it may take
two years to construct the required
"electronic mathematician" so it
cannot be said that revolutionary
developments are just around the
corner. Their long-range forecast,
however, is decidedly encouraging to
those who worry about the uncer-
tainties of the weather-and of
weather predicting.
Evening star., 1946-01-13
Independent Mongolia

The formal acknowledgment OF
the independence of Outer Mon
golia by the Chungking government
headed by Chang Kai-shek is, first
of all, the implementation of the
agreement arrived at last spring at
Moscow with the Soviet government
after prolonged negotiations. But
this agreement merely regularizes a
situation which has existed for
many years. That situation is the
dominance of Russia in Outer Mon
golia, despite China's claim to
sovereignty over this remote land.
Mongolia is, in its entirety, the
vast region lying between Russian
Siberia on the north and China
proper on the south. Most of it is
desert, though there are some oases
and a relatively fertile band of ter
ritory along the Chinese border.
This more favored region has been
penetrated by Chinese immigration
which has changed the character
of the population and bound it more
closely to China proper. That is the
region known as Inner Mongolia,
which is not covered by the Sino-
Russian agreement.
Down to the fall of the Manchu
empire in 1911, Mongolia as a whole
was an autonomous dependency of
the Manchu dynasty, not organically
connected with China proper. The
republic established by the revolu-
ton attempted to transform China
from a loose -jointed Oriental empire
into unified nation-state on the
western model, and accordingly
asserted the republics full sover-
eighty over the imperial dependen-
cies. That claim, however, was
rejected by the Mongols, who made
their own revolution, encouraged by
Czarist Russia, which had long
exerted influence in Outer Mongolia.
The downfall of the Czardom and
the ensuing civil war led to chaotic
period in Outer Mongolia ending in
q popular" revolution engineered by
the new Soviet government which
transformed Mongolia from a the
ocracy run by the lamas or Buddhist
priests into a communistic common
wealth. That transformation oc-
CURED in 1924. Since then, Outer
Mongolia has been virtually a de-
pendency of the Soviet Union, which
has done much to develop the coun-
Evening star., 1946-01-13

local law school, but had been so sue
cessful as an amateur actor that he
had abandoned practice at the bar for
a respectable position on the profess
sional stage. His Sir Lucius O'Trigger
in THE Rivals" was much admired.
and he also was we'll received as the
old sea captain in Government Ac-
ceptance."
Central New York never has been
noted for warm winters, but The Star
for January 7, 1896, chronicled
Pretty "the lowest temperature in its
Cold experience yesterday" At
Syracuse, "the thermometers
agreed at about 80 below Zero" But
at College Hill, where Syracuse Uni
versity is located, the mercury touched
36 below, and one or two reports have
indicated 49," Catskill meanwhile,
seemed positively sweltering by COM
parison, with the temperature falling
from is to % degrees below zero. Part
OF the resultant suffering was attributed
to the fact that mot an inch of snow,
all told, has fallen to date" Farm crops,
therefore, were in danger The Hudson
at Kingston was frozen from shore to
shore, "the ice being several inches
thick" At the Weather Bureau in
Washington the temperature readings
for the day were: Minimum, Is above:
maximum. 28 above. The local fore
cast was: Rain and much warmer.
Evening star., 1946-01-13
Figuring the Weather

The meteorological outlook is be-
coming brighter day by day, insofar
as more accurate forecasting is con-
cerned. AS science marches for
ward, guesswork becomes less and
less factor in the evaluation of
weather developments and the for
mutation of more reliable estimates
of the probable future course of at
mospheric disturbances. Advances
in recent years have been such that
few farmers any longer put their
faith in such portentS of bad
weather as aching cornS, rheumatic
joints or other traditional signs"
Weather forecasting during the war
made additional strides toward &C
curacy, thanks to intensive re-
search by military scientists, to
whom weather could be a friendly
ally or a deadly enemy, depending
on the circumstances of the mo-
ment. 1t was found that radar re-
acted to storm fronts and it was
but natural that electronic detectors
and tracers of developing disturb
ances soon evolved from that
knowledge.
One of the amazing by-products
of war research was the perfection
and construction of electrically
operated calculating machines ca
pable of solving in a matter of
minutes complex problems in higher
mathematics that otherwise would
require days to work out. The Navy
developed and operated such a
mechanical brain" in a guarded
laboratory at Harvard University.
and another machine, known as
Evening star., 1946-01-13
New Beginning

There is something about Janu-
ary that sets it apart from the other
months of the year. It is now the
time of deep winter. The sun has
barely begun its long trek back
toward the zenith. The old proverb
is repeated-when the days begin to
lengthen then the cold begins to
strengthen.
Many countryman looks ahead
to the first month. There is a dif-
ferent feeling in the world. Gone
are long gray stretches of Deem
ber; the added minutes of daylight
In each lengthening day are well
come. A man notices this when he
has to do chores by lantern light at
each end of the working day. True,
there are storms to come, days when
blizzards blot out the fields and
hills, days when cold, dry snow goes
swirling in little clouds across the
mowings and stubble fields and
adds inches to the snow windows
along the hedges, fences and walls.
But there are days of clear, sunny
cold-days when the butchering
is done and the spicy fragrance
of sausage-making time fills the
kitchen and permeates the wood
shed ell. When the ice is a foot
thick on ponds and rivers in the
Northern section comes the time of
the annual cutting, and the big,
rectangular cakes are pushed
through channels of black looking,
cracking water to the shore and
the old icehouses on the farms are
filled with layers of the green-white
coldness. The sound of the ak is
heard in the woodlots, and great
piles Of logs and limbs are stacked,
ready to be drawn down to the yard
behind the woodshed, fuel for the
kitchen stove and parlor burner an
other season. And in the evenings,
when the chores are finished and
the countryman gets settled in his
old, comfortable chair, he can take
the pile Of seed catalogues and
spend a couple happy hours looking
at the unbelievably weedless gar
dens and the blightless, perfect
fruits and vegetables.
Evening star., 1946-01-13

Looking down upon Jerusalem,
Jesus wept and said "If thou hadst
known IN this thy day the things
which belong unto thy peace"
y 4 n
A young lady looking at Mr.. Tom
linson, the writer, said: you know,
as far back as I can remember, all
the news of the world I've ever heard
has been bad"
A veteran of 80 years of age re-
turning to our campus saw a bar
racks moved to the hill from Civil
ian Conservation Camp. Looking at
it he said: THAT looks like home;
I've never lived in anything else"
Humanity had never provided the
young woman with good news. Life
as the veteran in his 30s had
known 1t was composed only of the
bitter woe of depression and the
holocaust of war"
The predicament of man is that
a whole human generation has been
reared in the grotesque environrpent
OF fear of starvation and the threat
of irrational death. Economic and
military crises, related to each other
and pursuing each other, have been
the only patterns of life which the
people of the world remember; and
human relationships for longer than
young men can recall have been both
organized and executed through gov
ernment. In older memories there
lives on reminiscence that life
once was otherwise. The tragedy of
contemporary man is to have paid
the price of victory in material ex-
penditure and human lives and then
everywhere to see life threatened
by cosmic gadgets and the default
OF human purpose.
The young lady, it is true, had
actually heard no good news; but
then, too, she had proclaimed none.
Had she known her history, she
would have recognized that the
perennial hope of man is to achieve
outwardly freedom from disturb
ance and inwardly tranquility of
spirit. The word peace" is mentioned
80 times in the New Testament, an
indication of the guest for it by
human beings who preceded the
young lady in her complaint to Mr..
Tomlinson. But Jesus as He came
around the bend of the mountain
and looked down upon the city was
in the same frame of mind as the
young lady. The city was secure
enough; business was good, and men
were in motion. Yet Jesus raised the
question concerning things which
belong to peace.
Lewis Mumford describes the mod
ern world in these words: Over
charges of empty stimuli" perpetual
miscarriage of technique" costly
ritual of conspicuous waste" highly
organized purposelessness.
1t is quite unnecessary to apply
this diagnosis to our times; each
man can do that for himself.
~
The news of the world as it is re-
ported is bad, the young woman was
understanding the headlines quite
properly. She was disturbed by the
chaotic uncertainties of life. Jesus
was concerned with the busy irrele-
vancies which rob life of its tram
quillity. He rode on toward Calvary,
however, to demonstrate what He
meant by things unto peace" These
things are built into the structure of
Evening star., 1946-01-13
Fifty Years Ago

The Star of January 3, 1896, carried
more than an entire column of comment
on the raid led by DR..
jameson Roid Qater Sir Leander
Excitement Starr Jameson into the
Transvaal from Mafe-
king on the last day of 1895. A force
OF TOO men, it was said, had been CAP
tured by the Beers at Doornkop, and
DR.. Jameson himself and other leaders
had been sent to Pretoria. Dispatches
from that city suggested that the pris-
oners would be court-martialed. Mean
while. the raid was discussed with drastic
disapproval in the press of Continental
Europe. The Paris Figaro declared:
The British wish to do with the mines
OF South Africa as a pickpocket does
with ones purse"
No news was more important to The
Star of January 4, 1896, than the
announcement of
Utoh the admission of
Becomes Stote h to the
Union. The first
column of page l told how, exactly at
10 o'clock in the morning of that day.
President Cleveland had signed the proc
lamation of statehood "An ordinary
wood penholder with a steel stub pen."
1t was explained, was used by the
Chief Executive in autographing the
ofncial document. While he signed, Gov.
Caleb w. West and delegate Qater Sem
ator) Frank Jenne Cannon waited with
great interest" in another room. The
pen was brought to them with the
proclamation. Subsequently, the former
was sent to Salt Lake City, the latter
to the Department of State.
The Star for January 6, 1896. reported
in detail the ceremony in which the
second step in the
Soroinol Sotollis elevation of MSgr.
Berretto Francesca Satolli
apostolic dele
gate to the United States. to the
College OF Cardinals. Baltimore Cathe-
dral was the scene of the rites by which
he was made prince of the church.
The berretta was conferred by James
Cardinal Gibbons, "the only American
born member of the college," who in
an address pronounced in English men
toned especially the large number of
the leading prelates and clergy of the
United States and Canada whose pres
ence testified to their high admiration
for your talents and learning" Soon
after the occasion thus referred to, the
delegate returned to Rome to receive
the "fisherman's hat" from Pope Leo
XIII personally. He came back to
America in 1904 and died in Italy in
1910.
7 Many Washington residents, said The
Star of January 7, 1896, will be ex-
ceedingly regretful to
Deoth Of hear Of the death of
LocoI Actor Cryptic Palmoni
(which occurred yes
terday at Louisville, where he had been
sick only a short time with typhoid
fever" A member of the company
headed by Stuart Robson, the deceased
player was chiefly noted for his talents
as a character artist" He had taken
parts made famous by w. H. Crane
and had travelled with George Holland
and Frederick Warde. A native Of the
Capital, he had been graduated from
Evening star., 1946-01-13
Things Unto Thy Peace
By DR.. Paul r. Douglass,
President, the American University.


character and the attitudes by which
man lives. 1t is appropriate to in
quire into the nature of these things.
y u r.
A sensitive reverence for others.
Jesus moved to his own crucifixion
for the redemption of others. Leon
ard Wilbur. M. D., son of former
Secretary of the Navy, died in China
while operating in mission hospital
on an unknown Chinese woman.
Reverence as Jesus lived it was for
the whole hierarchy of personalities,
those above us, on our level and be-
low us. The neurotic personality Of
our times is an expression of the
fallacy that what one person gains
another forfeits.
A civilized method. The world
after war is beginning to offer plenty
of evidence that war does not settle
fundamental human issues of itself.
Hitler discovered that you cannot
cremate enough human beings to
establish an enduring personal secur-
ity; the United Nations are finding
out that beyond victory the founda-
tions of cooperation are in a COM
mon faith, and that common sacrifice
as war exacts it cannot be replaced
by individual greeds as a bond of
solidarity.
The introduction of the civilized
method, however, raises the responses
Of men to level higher than the
stimulus. We return good for evil, and
not evil for evil. We make people re-
sponsible for values; not technically
equipped savages unleashed for the
annihilation of life, liberty and prop
erty in the alleged defense of values.
Fundamentally our problem is the
manner in which we deal with con-
flict, that critical moment of decision
in the interaction of human desires.
Do we put friction to work to discover
by experiment new pattern of be-
havior? Do we t) seek to resolve con-
f1ict by domination which gives one
side victory over the other without in
quiry into the merits of the two, the
validity of the different desires? Or
Cd do we compromise by asking each
party grudgingly to give up little so
that the activity interrupted by con-
f1ict may go on? Or 90 do we put
conflict to work by defining facts. ex-
ploring consequences of alternative
courses OF action, and working out
modus operandi which deals with the
significant rather than the dramatic
elements OF the situation.
Use Of self as an instrument of
service. Personality is actually the
capacity to work with and for other
people. Jesus in demonstrating the
things unto peace made this perfectly
clear. The selfless devotion to
cause by the use of the civilized
method in the spirit of sensitive rev.
erence for others makes it possible for
human being to live by values which
are intrinsic rather than extrinsic, by
virtue rather than by convention.
The quest for certainty finds the
object Of its search in the sincere in
genuity by which a man of action
throws himself completely into the
midst Of problems which alone can be
solved by % a sensitive reverence
for others, (2) the use of civilized
method and CD the conception of the
self as an instrument of service. Good
news will always be produced where
life Is lived like that. These are
things unto peace.
Evening star., 1946-01-13

try and has built up a strong army
trained on the Russian model.
A recent plebiscite held to obtain
the wish of the inhabitants on their
political future voted nearly unani-
mouSly for independence. But this
independence" should not be taken
too literally. The logical destiny of
Outer Mongolia is membership in
the Soviet Union. And Chungking's
remuneration of its shadowy claim
removes one of the technical hin
drances to such a consummation.
Evening star., 1946-01-13
Let Us Hone So!

From the Springfield, H.. Journal and Register
Great crises have always produced
great leaders: Moses. Isaiah, Jesus,
Augustine, Luther, Lincoln, for example
The dawn of the atomic age will be
no exception.
Evening star., 1946-01-13
And He Nav Do Ii!
The St. Louis Post Dispatch

From the st. Louis Post Dispatch.
Harry Truman, applying for Mis-
souri, automobile license, describes him
self as farmer. His job for the next
three years viii be to keep the rest of
the country from agreeing with him.
Evening star., 1946-01-13

accept, and which, at the same time,
would be in line with the Presidents
appeal for reconyersion wage adjust
ments. which would avoid q drastic re-
duction" in the wartime income level.
Evening star., 1946-01-13


justified in estimating for the first IL
months following resumption of work
total production in excess of that
achieved by General Motors in 1941 We
recognize, of course, that General Mo-
tors will gradually achieve higher and
higher output, only the time factor being
in question. Certainly as General Mo-
tors new plants come into operation,
it may exceed in 1947 its 1941 production
by as much as so per cent. This de-
sirable development will greatly increase
the companys profits and will give it
the pleasant task of determining how
such profits shall be distributed-to
stockholders, to reserves, and to con-
sumers generally in the form of higher
quality and lower priced products"
From this, 1t is clear that the board
considered the ability of General Motors
to pay 1917 cent increase and reached
the conclusion that the additional pay
ment could be made. What is not clear
is how much or how little weight was
given by the board to this conclusion In
making Its wage recommendation. From
reading of the whole report. however.
1t is evident that the finding as to Gen
eral Motors ability to- pay did not "in
and of itself" constitute the basis for
the 1914 -cent recommendation. More
probably that figure was chosen as be-
ing, In the boards opinion, the inimum
whic hthe union could be persuaded to
Evening star., 1946-07-21
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