davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-12-02
Futher Tiso Put on TrioI ForCrimeS
 Challenges Slovok
 Courts Authority
 To Conduct Itself

Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, Dec. -UP)-Father Josef Tiso, wartime president of the Nazi-dominated autonomous republic of slovakia, opened his trial for his life today with a challenge of the jurisdiction of the Slovak National Court to try him.
 TIso and two members of his government were being tried on ll3 charges, each of which carries . possible death penalty. The other defendants were Interior Minister Sano Mach and Foreign Minister Ferdinand Durcansky, the latter oi whom was in Rome and was tried in ahsentia.
 Counsel for the defendants at the outset of the trial charged that the president of the court, Dr. Igor Dax- ner. was prejudiced because he was imprisoned during the Tiso regime, Thus, they argued. the court lacked jurisdiction.
 Priests Pledge Support
 Tiso's attorneys, Ernest zabkay and Martin Greco. also contested the courts jurisdiction on grounds that the priest had not been allowed to keep his notes during his im- prisonment and was refused permis- sion to make religious confessions.
 Guards were posted around the court, and none was admitted with out a pass.
 After the challenges were filed the reading of the 2i3 pages of charges and the order of witnesses began. Fifty-tw0 pages were com- pIeted in the morning session. inc cluding most of the li3 specific charges.
 Friends of the Roman Catholic priest raised 10000 crowns (s20.- OOO, for his defense. All Catholic bishops in Slovakia have pledged their support.
 Insist On Death Penalty
 The prosecution made known in advance that 1t would insist. that the man who declared war on the United States. Great Britain and Russia should die for treason.
 The formal charges listed general accusations of high treason. propa- gation Of Naxism. causing the death and imprisonment of CEechoslovak citizens, and participation in racial. religious and national persecution.
 Also listed were page after page of specific charges. such as Tiso;s alleged appearance at Banskya Bys- trica, for two months the capital of .syree Sloyakia.' in October, ie44, to decorate German troops for sup pressing . 6lovak partisan uprising.
 When the Czechosl0vak republic was being pulled to pieces after Munich, Slovakia proclaimed It's autonomy on Oct. 6. 1888. and Tiso was in the first cabinet. On March 6. l03e. the Prague government tried to Te-establish it's control in Slo- yalia. Several members Of the slo- yak cabinet, including Tiso. were arrested. They were released few days later. On March l4. ElovalEia voted itself independent" and later zIso was elected president.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-12-02

F0ul1ret, Dec. 1-lUFl-HepubIl can Congressman-elect Horace See ly-Br0wn Sunday announced ape pointment of two secretaries. Har- vey Herbert, North 0rosvenordale. a war veteran, will be his executive secretary. while Miss Hester Lawson. Gales Ferry, employed by radio sta- ton WNLC. New London and WA CA. New York, will be his secretary,
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-12-02
BEDS EyAcuATE DAREEN

Peiplng, Dec. 2-(UP)-Authorita- tive military quarters reported today that Chinese Communists were evacuating the Manchurian port of Dairen in the face of e Nationalist advance which had driven to within l7 miles of the city.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-12-02
Lewis Contempt Trial Dragging;
 Miners Fined

Washington, Dec 2-(uP)-John L. Lewis today re. sumed his court battle against contempt charges cold wave sweeping the eastern half of the nation multi strike
 Capt. N H. Collisson, Federal coal administrators, turned to the witness stand for crossexamnaon by
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-12-02

week if the strike is not sealed hy then.
 The cold wave which erippcd the eastern half of the nation increased the already heavy demands on the shrinking coal reserves.
 Steel production, now reported m9 65s percent of capacity. was ex- pected to fan to 4s percent 4 me strike lasts another week.
 list of Witnesses Gfven
 When court was called e eFlef at e:5e A. M. CESTD, Assistant Af~ torney General John r. Sonnet an@ nounced that he wanted the union to know the identity of the 0uH- ernment witnesses. He sznmazts4 this list to the court:
 Collisson: Alfred Oeth. e2 Raxas mount NEWS; Joseph A 0enaN special FBT agent; Ee.-csm. Continued Page 3--(LEWxsl
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-12-02
rHstOrys Cre0test-- Byrd's Task Force
 Starts Expedition

Aboard Admiral Byrds Flagship, Norfolk, Vas Dec z- OJPl-A peacete naval task force shoves of the Ant arctic trail today explore the eahs last unknown con
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-12-02
Mining Union; 2
 Words B0ckGre

Washington. Dec. 2-~lUpD-- Government lawyers today used the United Mine Workers' own words in an effort to prove s,1ae the strike of 400.0o0 soft coal miners violated the contract signed with the Government last May.
 They introduced exhibits n John l.. Lewis contempt tria1 to show that the union in aa~ other suit sided with a Govern ment brief winch said Inc terms of the oovernment-0nion contract were for the period of Government operation"
 They also prepared to tntro- duce @ newsreel quoting Lewis to that effect after he signed the contract with Secretary oZ Interior J. A. KSug last May 2a.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-12-02
By ALDRO JENKs (Chief AssessOrl

For city to have healthy growth it's taxpayers must be assured of strict adherence to the law and proper pcation of scientific principles applied with prejudice favor and entirely devoid of adjustments
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-12-02
Points Out- Assessments Equality Foremost to Taxpayer
Waterbury's Department Maintains
 Modern Systems To Assure Fairness

CEDTTORs NOTE: The following another in articles dealing with Wabus city contributed Waterbury by leading city
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-12-02
Todoy's Index

Cost Accounting School Starts Wednesday night at T:S0. Post Jr. College. 2A Central Avenua.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-12-02
sECRETARIEs APPOINTED

cont'd Page ADVERTISEMENTS,
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-12-02

Continued Page s--GEwEsD
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-12-02
Operation Called "lElghl l'

canllnlaad pago "
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-12-02

Continued Page 9--P0LECE)
Evening star., 1946-12-01

is illustrated with many official
Navy photographs and reproduc-
tons of paintings.
An excellent account of the
invasion Of France Is written by
Walter Mills in "The Last
Phase" which was prepared for
official distribution in France.
Germany and the Scandinavian
countries. This straight military
history is notable for its scrupu-
lous fairness and rigid exact
ness.
OF the Canadian role in the
war Ross Munro, one of the top
correspondents in Europe, wrote
Gauntlet to Overload" which is
the first-hand account of the
Canadian Army from Spitzbergen
to Normandy and the surrender.
The siege and relief of Bas-
togne Is narrated by Col. s. L. A.
Marshall In "Bastogne: The First
Eight Days"
De Witt Mackenzie wrote the
text for Men Without Guns" q
Evening star., 1946-12-01
World War III

The works on World War II
continue to be SO numerous that
it is necessary to subclassify
them:
Critical.
BY far the most sensational
of the lot is Ralph Ingersoll's
top Secret" which, as it's title
implies, contains much that
could not be discussed during
the war. Mr.. Ingersoll's Tex
pose" of British Vaccinations
against America, Of how SHAEF
was set up with an American In
supreme command because the
British wanted field command,
and of how the British used an
their strength to cofltrol Gen.
Eisenhower's decisions set Off
as intended-an explosion.
Mr.. Ingersolls charges are
disputed in Gen. Eisenhower,s
own report and in Field Marshal
Sir Bernard Montgomery's
privately printed book which
claims that the fighting In France
went all according to plan.
Vincent Sheean has some crit
ical things to say, too, about the
breakdown OF the Roosevelt
Churchill high command In italy
in This House Against This
House" He spent the war as an
ofiicer in the Army Air Forces.
He kept his eyes open and saw
plenty to find fault with.
American occupation policy In
Japan Is taken apart by Post
Evening star., 1946-12-01


Gen. Eisenhower's report is a
broad general summary of the
European war from D day to the
German surrender, and is based
on contemporary reports received
at SHAEF.
The best work of the Army his
torians along this line was
Omaha Beachhead June-13
June 1884," which is a complete
study without gloss of that
crucial week in 1914 when the Al
lied forces landed in Normandy.
Prof. Charles Taylor of Harvard
was the guiding genius.
Moving to another part of the
world We find the story Of Gen.
Joseph w. Stilwel told by Fred
Eldridge, his public relations off,
Ger, in Wrath in Burma" and the
book presentation of Gen. VAIN
wrights Story" by Robert Con-
sidine.
1t. Gen. Lewis H. Brereton
tells the story of his war leader
ship in THE Brereton Diaries"
and Donald Nelson provides q
Evening star., 1946-12-01
Books on War and Peace

is Thunder Out of China" by
Theodore H. White and Annalee
Jacoby, who describe the Chang
Kai-shek regime as dictatorial
beyond the understanding of
most Americans.
In Two Worlds" william B.
Ziff takes as his premise that the
United Nations is impotent and
that if there Is to be a global
organization it must be world
state. He prophesies that Russia
will start a war somewhere,
against some one.
Victor Kravchenko, the official
OF the Soviet Purchasing Com
mission who created a sensation
in 1914 when he resigned and
broke all connection with the
Soviet Government, presents in
81 Chose Freedom" an authentic
account of Russia's misery under
the Communists and a renewed
disavowal of Stain and his works.
He provides detailed corro-
boration from the inside Of Soviet
regime for many Of the some
times incredible charges of So
Wet abuses of Russian citizens,
and names, dates and places with
an amazing consistency for
period of more than 40 years.
His recantation Is also an ampli-
fication of his earlier charge that
Russia is implacably hostile to
American institutions.
Harrison Salisbury, former
chief of the United Press bureau
in Moscow. strikes new note.ln In
Russia on the Way" with the
prediction that there win be no
war between Russia and the
United States.
Hamilton Fish calls for Ma
tion-wide nonpartisan anti Conn
munist organization to fight COM
munism by education in 'Tne
Challenge of World Commu-
nism," which covers much the
same ground as the Ziff and Bull
litt books.
This section would be incom-
plete without a contribution by
Nicholas Murray Butler, the Pc
rennial champion Of interna-
tional peace, and this year it is
The Arts of Peace" collec-
ton of IS of his essays and ad-
dresses.
Evening star., 1946-12-01
Peace and the Atom Bomb

The menace of the atom bomb
underlies most if not all of the
books listed above and gives ur-
gency to the conditions they ex-
pose. A number, however, deal
strictly with The Bomb" and
its implications for peace.
Whittlesey House has COM
piled the warnings of famous
scientists in "One World or
None" Albert Einstein, Arthur
H. Compton, Hans Bethe, Irving
Langmuir, Harlow Shapley, Har-
old Urey and Nils Bohr are
frankly worried over the forces
of evil let loose.
The contention Of Harrison
Brown in his Must Destruction
Be Our Destiny?" is that the only
alternative to world destruction
lies in world government, with
control of atomic energy. E. l..
Woodward comes to much the
same conclusion in Some Po-
litical Consequences of the
Atomic Bomb" Virgil Jordan,
president of the National Indus
trial Conference Board, in
Manifesto by the Atomic Age"
holds that the atomic age can be
a golden one.
Evening star., 1946-12-01
Individual Countries

<See WAR 81 PEACE. Page 81
Evening star., 1946-12-01

hdiB u, -. ..
N. r.; 1t. Earl
Burton, u. S.
N. r., and 1t.
Stephen I.
Freeland, u.
S. N. r. This
report deals
with the At
lantic W ar
in seven sec
tions, ro m
beginning of
the neutrality
patrol to the
final phases
in the Medi-
terranean. 1t
Evening star., 1946-12-01

With Eisenhower. !" by Capt. Harry
c. Butcher, U. S. N. r.. who was
Gen. Eisenhower's naval aide for
three years, and Gen. Eisenhow-
er's own Report to the Com
bined Chiefs of Staff on the OPP
erations in Europe Of the Allied
Expeditionary Force from June
6, 1914, to May 8, 1945."
Capt. Butchers diary is well up
on the list of documentary and
source books from which histori-
ans will write the history of World
Evening star., 1946-12-01

A steady flow of Army and
Navy unit histories is coming off
the presses. One of the best of
the divisional histories is "The
84th Infantry Division in the
Battle of Germany" by 1t. Theo-
dore Draper.
Jan Valtin Orchard Krebs),
author of 'Out of the Night" was
assigned as combat reporter
with the Oath Infantry Division.
In Children Of Yesterday" he
tells the story Of the divisions
fight through the Philippines.
Others catalogued this year
are: Report After Action" by
Ralph Mueller and Jerry Turk,
the unofficial story of the 103d
(Cactus) Infantry Division;
sixth Army" by the informa-
ton and historical section, which
tells the official Photographic
history Of Gen. Walter Krueger's
force; and The Long and the
Short and the TALL" by Alvin
M. Joseph, jr., which is the story
Of the Sd Marine Division in the
Pacific war.
Evening star., 1946-12-01

guiding line
for our future
war-mak e r S
by giving a
+ IL state
ment of our
prod u C ton
errors in AR
senal of De-
mocracy."
w / n S t o n
G h u re h ills
memoirs are
still to come.
but two VOL
urneS, BIO t h
compiled by
Charles Fade
Evening star., 1946-12-01

War II in fu-
ture y e a r S,
for he took
part = in the
s t r a t e G &c
planning for
the N or t h
African and
Euro p e a n
c a m p a ig MS
and partici-
pated after
July, 1912, in
actual appli-
C. "a tiOn of
every phase
of the Allied
offensive.
Evening star., 1946-12-01

provide significant textual mate
rial. Victory" is a collection OF
speeches, statements and mes
sages. Secret Session Speeches"
is collection of five addresses
to the House of Commons at try
ing hours in HAa1in's history.
Evening star., 1946-12-01
By Creston B. Mullins

Wheeler, long time American dip
lomat, in Dragon in the Dust"
which particularly criticizes our
decision to leave Hirohito on his
throne.
The Navy's top brass takes the
blame for stymying development
of independent air power in the
United States in William Brad
ford Huie's THE Case Against the
Admirals."
v X \ X ~
Memoirs and Reports
Much Of the history of World
War II is just now beginning to
take shape with publication Of
memoirs and official reports.
Most notable of these were two
reports dealing with European
operations, MY Three Years
Evening star., 1946-12-01

ERNIE PYLE,
Author OF Last Chapter"
- HE year now ending has
been Q significant one for
book publishers, marking q
-. transition from war and
Its many restraints on free ex-
preston to peace and its frank
sometimes extremely provocative
comment on matters previously
taboo.
It has been q year of weighty
problems in world affairs, and
this ponderosity has been reflect
ed in many books coming forth
from diverse authors on peace,
the United Nations, Russia, and
the atomic bomb.
The overwhelming number
and some Of the best-have been
those dealing with actual war
time operations and the .diplo-
matte backwashes that went with
them. The middle and later
months Of the year saw a grow
ing number of volumes dealing
with peace and how to preserve
it. The number of now it can be
told" books also is growing.
Some disquisitions on peace
display much superficial think
ing and rank prejudice, although
there is evidence of deep and
widespread concern on this most
pressing problem
Peace and Russia
So broad is the subject Of peace
that 1t is impossible for authors
to discuss it apart from its sub
ordinate and qualifying agents.
Some highly qualified writer's
and some not so qualified have
taken up their pens on the sub
ject. The list includes Sumner
Welles, Henry A. wallace, viii
liam @. Bullitt, Aldous Huxley.
Leland Stowe and Louis Fischer.
In Where Are We Heading?"
Mr.. Welles does not answer the
question in his title, but the con-
dition of the world as he finds it
after surveying every political re-
gion in the worlds indeed sorry.
The responsibility he divides be-
tween the United States and
Russia, and laments the passing
of President Roosevelt and his
policies which, Mr.. Welles be-
lieves, would have checked Rus
sian expansionism.
MIR. Wallace was the author of
two books during the year,
Soviet Asia Mission" in which
he reports on IL ,000-mile jour-
ney he took as Vice President in
1914 at Mr.. Roosevelt's request,
and "The Fight for Peace" a
little pamphlet which reprints
the documents involved in his
custer as Secretary of Commerce.
The former is largely nonpoItical
except as it gives statesmen a
guide to the immense industrial
and agricultural potentiahties
of Siberia. His pamphlet pledges
him to a continued fight for peace
rs he sees it.
MIR. Bullitt again takes his
stand firm against Russia" posi-
ton in '"The Great Globe tt
SELF" and views with much
alarm, suggesting that to save
peace, we must maintain q
policy Of firm opposition to fun
ther Soviet expansion, act against
Soviet inf1ltration, propaganda
and pressure, and form a demo-
cratic federation in Europe. In
contrast to Mr.. Welles he holds
that American foreign policy be-
came bankrupt under President
Roosevelt.
Mr.. Huxley's contribution Is
Science, Liberty and Peace" an
extremely thoughtful analysis of
the centralized power under
which we live and an urgent plea
for decentralization for peace.
Mr.. Stowe In While Time Re-
mains" argues for the world
state with the United States
rs the leader.
Mr.. Fischer, too, concludes IN
The Great Challenge" that there
must be world government, but
argues that there can be no
such thing because of imperial-
Evening star., 1946-12-01

pictorial presentation of the role
OF the Army Medical Corps in
every war theater. It includes
118 plates.
Personal Experiences
One of the most readable
groups of war books, as q whole.
are the personal experience tales.
For the narrowing experiences
Of q. war correspondent who para
chuted from a wrecked bomber
over Germany, it is Parachute
to Berlin" by Lowell Bennett He
was captured and wound up in a
POW camp. He describes the
effect of area bombing on Ger
man cities.
One of the best stories of naval
air fighting in the Pacific,
5000 Miles Toward Tokyo" was
written by Green Peyton, an air
combat intelligence officer on the
eve Suwanee. He pays part of
the credit due naval aviation for
its part in the Pacific war.
Comdr. Edward Ellsberg tells
in Under the Red Sea Sun"
gripping tale Of the restoration
of the Eritrean port of Massawa
against terrific odds, and Drew
Middleton's "Our Share of Night"
is the personal narrative OF q
former Associated Press and New
York Times reporter.
John Dos PassoS spent a year
IN the Pacific and Europe, and in
Tour of Duty" gives full en-
phasis to failures as well as
miraculous feats. He records the
destruction-physical and human
which accompanied the wars
on both sides OF the world.
The story of Buchenwald, the
Nazi concentration camp. is told
in THE Dungeon Democracy"
by Christopher Burney and Saul
K. Padoyer writes in Experiment
IN Germany" of an OSS teams
trip into Germany to explore the
enemy's state Of mind.
Emily Hahn adds love interest
to this category with her Hong
Kong Holiday"
Origins of the War
Sigmund Neumann analyzes
the origins of both World Wars in
THE Future in Perspective" and
holds that Europe's natural con-
dition Is for each nation to regard
every other in warlike manner.
Related to this section is
"Kaputt," by Curzio Malaparte.
which is the diary of former
Fascist journalist.
World Economies
One of the still unsettled uueS-
tions of the postwar world is the
direction foreign trade will take
after relief needs cease. This is
particularly true with respect to
international loans and American
financial support for war -strick-
en- nations.
This element is dealt with at
some length by Norman Bu-
chanan in international Invest
ment and Domestic Welfare" He
warns against repeating the de-
bacle of defaults and regulations
which followed the splurge of
foreign lending which followed
World War I.
In Rival Partners" Keith
Hutchinson discusses whether the
United States and Britain will
cooperate in establishing liberal
trade policies or enter a period
OF blind rivalry, and in World
Politics Faces World Economics"
Harold D. Lasswell compares
Russian and American economic
policies.
# \
Individual Countries
For those who desire their
problem literature confined to
individual countries the year has
produced large assortment.
AS is to be expected Germany
fgures most prominently with
Percy Knauth describing Ger
many in Defeat" Franz Schoen-
berner writing Confessions Of a
European Intellectual" and 8.
William Halperin informing us
that Germany Tried Democracy
Two noted alIthorS-Hes,ru ia
Evening star., 1946-12-01
War Biographies

Dominating the biographies of
wartime military leaders is Gen.
George s. Patton, jr., about whom
two readable books have been
written.
In Patton: Fighting Man"
william Bancroft Mellor gives Q
fun-length biography of "Old
Blood and Cuts" following him
from his youth in California
through ". M. l., West Point and
his Army career.
Less biography and more a
study Of Gen. Patton's World
War II role is General George
8. Patton, IT," by James Wellard,
an English newspaperman who
was attached to the Sd Army.
A closeup view OF Gen. Eisen-
hover Is provided by Michael J.
McKeogh and Richard Lock
ridge in "Sergt. Micky and Gen.
Ike" McKeogh, who was Gen.
Eisenhover's orderly. gives an in
formal and proudly admiring pic
ture Of the general.
Evening star., 1946-12-01
Pacific Operations

Ernie Pyle concluded his series
OF great war books with Last
Chapter" telling the story OF the
Pacific war as he had done earlier
the story of the European and
North African campaigns. He was
struck by the idyllic, surround
ings = which carried their own
hardships-in which American
forces were fighting the Pacific
war.
Fletcher Pratt's Might Work"
was the story of Task Force 80,
a cruiser squadron which oper-
ated In the Solomon Islands un-
der Rear Admiral A. S. Merrill. .
He shows how we learned to
fight the Japs by outthinking
them in the midst of battle.
In Coral Comes High" George
P. Hunt. Marine Corps captain,
describes the Pelehu invasion and
in Into Siam" Nicol Smith and
Blake Clark tell of an OSS mis-
sion to determine whether an
underground organization exist
ed in that Jap-occupied country.
European Operations
Leading the narratives of op-
erations in the Atlantic and
European theater is Battle Re-
port-Vol. H." by Capt. Walter
Evening star., 1946-11-10
1rojans Win, IA TO 0,
Boost Bowl Claim
BY the Assoeia.ed Press

LOS ANGELES, Nov. 9.-The Tro-
JAMS Of Southern California grubbed
out IA to victory over a stubborn
California team today to strengthen
their hopes for Rose Bowl bid. A
crowd of go 1898 saw the game.
The Trojans managed to put to-
gether two sustained scoring drives
one in the third period for 6S
yards in 10 plays and the second in
the fourth quarter for 46 yards in
seven plays.
Quarterback Mickey McCardle,
individual star of the rather dull
game, counted both touchdowns on
swift runs of 10 and % yards through
the pasS-alert Bear line.
With the University of California
at Los Angeles winner over Oregon
at Portland today, it appeared that
the Conference championship and
the Rose Bowl invitation would be
decided when the crosstown foes
meet November % before an already
sold out Coliseum of more than 103,-
900 fans.