davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-05-19
Strike Control
Continued From First Page. }

Ing that it has "a duty and respon-
sibillty" to improve living standards
for the whole working class.
Labor Legislation Delayed.
If the administration attitude is
represented in the Senate by Sem
ator Barkley, it apparently is one
of letting developments take their
course for a while without stepping
into the middle of the fray.
Senator Barkley seemingly was
reluctant to call up labor legisla-
tion before the coal strike crisis
aroused widespread demands among
Senators for immediate action. But
he readily acceded to these de-
mands after he finally won Senate
passage of the S3,75C,O 100000 British
loan bill
Since then he has given every in
dication of walking carefully down
the middle of the road between war
ring factions. On one hand an ap-
parent majority group is striving
to get hals dozen restrictive pro-
posals passed. On the other
group of about II Senators is battling
with words against any vote now.
Senator Barkley apparently has
not helped these latter, who have
been openly accused of filbustering.
Neither is there any sign that he
has moved directly to cut short de-
bate.
Would Curb Debate.
He said at one point, however, that
he would be willing to support talk
limitation II he decides that is
needed to conclude the considera-
tion that is necessary to be enacted
between now and the first day of
July"
This legislation includes possible
extension of the draft act which
otherwise expires July /, a new
lease on life for the OPA, a domes-
tic atomic control bill and a back
log of appropriations measures.
Meanwhile. the House Judiciary
Committee decided at a meeting
yesterday to put aside consideration
OF an anti-royalty bill similar to
Evening star., 1946-05-19

doing, II there Is any threatened
disturbance, property damage or in
reference with employees who want
to work, which you cannot control
locally notify the commanding gen.
eral of the service command in
which the disturbance occurs, ex-
planning the situation to him and
giving him an estimate of the mill
tary personnel required for pro-
lection.
Similar to Cleveland Action.
Wire me the name OF the repre-
sentative on your railroad who will
be authorized to make these re-
quests on commanding generals of
service commands. Also advise me
of any requests made"
The move was reminiscent of that
made by President Cleveland at the
time Of the Pullman strike in 1894
when he used troops to clear the
way for mail trains going through
Chicago.
Col. johnson also said that plans
had been made to run the railroads
with as little reduction of service
as possible, and we will continue to
develop these plans and have them
ready so that, if the strike does
come after the postponement, it
will cause minimum damage to
American transportation"
The ODT was considering a plan
for Army and Navy planes to de-
liver mail and for waterways, bus
and truck lines to handle vital
freight and passenger service.
Some railroads already had de-
clared an embargo on the ship
ment Of perishables.
The strike postponement eased
fears in the coal fields that trans
portation tie-up would halt mining
operations which. likewise, are being
conducted under a truce.
Evening star., 1946-05-19
Manhattan
Continued From First PaRe.)

Department pressed into service
about is trucks to intercept ship
ments of $4,000 pheasant eggs aboard
trains or at rail terminals. 1t was
feared the eggs "hatchability" would
be impaired.
War Wives Held Up.
Fifteen British war wives, ac-
companied by IS children, were dis
appointed on being unable to leave
to join their husbands in various
parts of the country. They had
arrived on the transport George
Washington early in the afternoon,
and were returned to the ship for
a consolation dinner" and a "a
hour wait.
On receipt Of Official word of the
strike postponement. train crew
members were advised by telephone
at Pennsylvania Station and imme-
diately afterWard they began to
sign up to take out trains.
Almost simultaneously with the
announcement, the Pennsylvania s
Washington bound Senator pulled
out, the first train to leave the city
since before pm.
A cheer from forlorn travellers
in Pennsylvania Station greeted
the announcement over the loud
speaker system that the train was
ready.
Thousands of commuters and
weekend vacationers. unable to get
rail transportation out of the city,
had swamped bus terminals and dis
rupted schedules.
A spokesman at the Herald Square
Bus Terminal said every bus owned
by the company had been put into
service and added that the vehicles
were being unloaded or loaded and
sent out with minutes after their
arrival regardless of schedules.
More than 1000 persons crowded
into the Greyhound bus terminal
and long lines formed before ticket
windows. A dispatcher said extra
section were being added to every
run.
At the Midtown bus terminal. the
crush was furthered by New Jersey
commuters unable to get transpor-
tation to their homes on the Hud-
son and Manhattan tubes or New
Jersey rail lines.
Evening star., 1946-05-19
7 Trains
Continued From First Page }

tised 4 o'clock deadline indicated
many persons had looked for the
1lth-hour no-strike decision. Wash
ington bus depots reported only
slightly heavier traffic than usual.
Airline Offices said requests for res
ervations were heavy before the
strike was called off.
Best Illustration Of the difficulty
occasioned by calling train crews
together was the Baltimore g. Ohio's
Ambassador" to Detroit. Sched-
uled to depart at $50 pm. it was
$50 before passengers were called
to the tracks.
Many Trains Delayed.
The Pennsylvania Railroads Lib
erty Limited" scheduled for $40
pm. departure, finally pulled out
at 7:45 pm. 1t was long after 6
pm. that the Pennsylvania "Ex-
ecutive," due to depart for New York
at pm, left the station.
Other trains delayed included the
Pennsylvania's "Montrealer," which
left IL minutes after its scheduled
time of 4:l0; the B & O's 4:4o pm.
run to Baltimore. the Southern's
4:30 pm Birmingham Special and
the Atlantic Coast Lines West
Coast Champion" scheduled for 4 40
pm, departure for Tampa.
Beating the anticipated deadline,
the Pennsylvania's congressional
Limited which usually leaves for
Chicago in two sections at 4 and
4:02 pm, moved its departure time
to $50 and 3:55 pm. and left with
out difficulty.
Engines Left Standing in Yard.
At Potomac Yards. one of the
largest switching points in the
world. 300 men on duty walked of
promptly at the appointed hour
leaving switch engines and freight
cars where they stood when the 4
pm. whistle blew to change shifts
Leaving their locomotives, two en-
gineers walked mile through rain
to reach the main gate at Hume
street and River road
1t was two hours before skeleton
crew arrived to prepare. for an ex-
pected long shutdown. In the yards
were several trainloads of perish
able foods, for which no reicing pro-
visions had been made. Forty cars
OF Watermelons. partly spoiled be-
cause of train wreck earlier, were
among those abandoned.
AS the men left the yards they
we're joined by others scheduled to
report at 4 o'clock. They began con-
gregating at the Eagles Lodge in
Alexandria for a meeting previously
arranged for 4:30 pm. L. K. Dyer,
general chairman of the Trainmen's
Grievance Committee, remained at
Evening star., 1946-05-19
White House


the railroad strike yesterday was
the Nations third such narrow es-
cape from a mass transportation
breakdown in five years of turbu-
lent railroad labor relations.
1t required unprecedented action
on the part of the late President
Roosevelt to avert at the last mo-
ment a strike scheduled for what
was to be black day in American
history-December 7. 194l.
Two years later, 4s hours before
more than million railroaders
were to walk out December 30, 1943
while the Nation was embroiled in
war Mr. Roosevelt ordered the
roads seized. They operated under
Government supervision until jan
uary 18. 1914.
Every Detail Exhausted.
Every detail of the elaborate ma
chinery set up to untangle railroad
disputes was exhausted and Mr.
Roosevelt threw in an extra lever
before the 1941 case was solved.
The squabble lasted through most
of the year after the five operating
unions had demanded 80 per cent
wage increase and Is on-operating
unions pressed demands for raises
of from 80 to 40 cents an hour.
The railroads Conference Com
mittee soon made it known that COL
lectiye bargaining in the accepted
sense would be useless. The next
step came. August IA, 1941, when the
National Railway Mediation Board
took over, only to announce failure
September S. An offer of the board
to arbitrate the case was accepted
by management, refused by the
unions.
Roosevelt Delayed Strike.
Five days later Mr.. Roosevelt ap-
pointed fve-man fact-finding
board, thus stalling off strike the
unions had ordered with a vote in
August BY November 13, the op-
Grating unions had turned down
proposed wage increases of 7l2 per
cent and the incorporating groups
had baked at a suggestion of nine
cents an hour. A strike was called
by the operating unions for De-
cember 7. and 8.
Then Mr.. Roosevelt went the ex-
isting dispute-settling machinery
one better by sending the case back
to his fact-hnding board with an
order to reconsider its decision.
On the eve of the walkout, repre-
sentatives of the operating unions
ratified a compromise settlement Of
76 cents a day increase for employees
who had been receiving upward OF
s506 day.
Kept Trains Running.
That kept the trains running
without further contractual conflict
until September, 1912, when the
incorporating unions asked wage
increases of 20 cents an hour. Three
months later. the Big Five made
separate demands for a boost of 80
per cent, or SO day, whichever
might be larger.
Again, through January and Feb
ruary, negotiations were carried on
without success. The Mediation
Board failed, arbitration was spurn-
ed and two separate emergency
boards were appointed.
Completing its hearings in Chi
cago in May. 1943, the incorporating
union fact-fnding board recon-
mended a fiat increase of 8 cents
an hour, retroactive to February l.,
1943. Then came surprise move
that upset speedy settlement. Act
ing under veto powers vested in him
by President Roosevelt. Economic
Sterilization Director Vinson said
the increase violated the national
stabilization policy.
Effort Was Killed.
That was in June. During the
next two months the unions tried
to Jam the recommendation through
over Mr.. Wilson's objection. The
Evening star., 1946-05-19
Soi|or in Bridge Leop
Is Certified as Suicide

A certificate of suicide was issued
late yesterday by Coroner A. Ma
gruder Macdonald in the death Of
Specialist Second Glass Joseph w.
Arnald, u S. NJ, 26 OF Pleasantville.
Pa, who jumped from the Eleventh
street bridge yesterday morning.
A Navy board of investigation,
headed by 1t. Comdr. K. B. Brown,
found no apparent reason for the
act after questioning the young
mans friends and superiors.
Evening star., 1946-05-19
Arab League to Discuss
Palestine in June
Blythe Lssecioted Press

CAIRO, May 18.-The Arab
Leagues extraordinary session for
discussion of Palestine will be held
during the first week in June, a
league communique announced to-
night.
A meeting of the heads of the
Arab states, termed "one of the
greatest events in this. critical
period of the Arab nations history"
will be held here May %, the COM
munique said.
The league session originally was
scheduled for today at Damascus.
Evening star., 1946-05-19

the legislation proposed by Senator
Byrd, Democrat, of Virginia until
the Senate acts on the latter pro-
posal.
Chairman Summers said the COM
mittee decided the best procedure
would be to await the action Of the
Senate rather than to have
the same proposed legislation mov-
ing in opposite directions between
the two houses"
Evening star., 1946-05-19
She never
thought she'd
play again!

CAN anyone else feel the
" loss of hearing as keenly
as people with 4 musical gift!
Yet the new Sonotone 800" is
so sensitive that little deli.
cacies of accent as we'll as the
range and richness Of full.
bodied chords are heard again
clearly and easily. Sonotone
service works with music stud.
ent or teacher continuously to
keep hearing at its best.
Csll Sonotone, 90l Washington
Building, 18th St. & n. Y.
Ave. NV. District O92l.
Evening star., 1946-05-19
Rail Strike
Continued From First Page J

after, however, Charles G.. Ross
White House press secretary, said
the carriers had signified their will
ingness to meet anytime. and that
the conferences would be resumed
today or tomorrow.
Federal Control Continues.
Mr.. Ross made it clear that the
flve-day truce would not interfere
with the operation of the carriers
by the Government which took over
at 4 pm. Friday, few minutes
after Mr.. Whitney and Mr.. Johnston
had called at the White House to
Evening star., 1946-05-19
Edgemoor Citizens to Meet

A meeting of the Edgemoor Citi-
zens' Association will be held in
the Bethesda Elementary School at
8 pm. Tuesday.
Evening star., 1946-05-19

Ing that it has "a duty and respon-
sibility' to improve living standards
for the whole working class.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1946-01-01

Swedish national debt had increas-
ed during the war from 2 billion
kronor to IL billions. At the same
time the standard of living in the
country as whole had decreased
by about 10 per cent, while civilian
consumption in the United States
went up by 1920 per cent. He
emphasized, however, the general
feeling among his countrymen that
they had been fortunate to have
survived as well as they did.
Toastmaster was Alex ]. Pagel,
first vice-president of the Cham
Der. Among the other speakers
were Eric A. Johnston, president
of the United States Chamber of
Commerce; Col. Allan M. Pope,
chairman of the Commerce & In
dustry Association in New York
Rolf Won Heidenstam, head of
the Swedish Gas Accumulation
Company, and Captain Robert c..
Durham. of the ATC.
Swedish Colony in Greater New
York Welcomes Mr.. Erickson.
A reception for Minister and
Nine. Ericsson was held today at
the Waldorf-Astoria during which
the new envoy and his wife were
introduced to 5000 members of the
Swedish colony in greater New
York. Almost 100 Swedish societies
were represented, in addition to the
Vasa lodges and many church or
CARNATIONS. Music was furnished
by local orchestras and glee clubs.
New Swedish Consul General in
New York Arrives
Lennart Nylander, newly APP
pointed Swedish Consul General in
New York, has arrived to take up
his post. He succeeds Martin Kas-
tengren, now Swedish Minister to
Peru. Mr.. Nylander was born in
1901, educated at Upsala univer-
sity. From 1928-30 he served as
attache at the Swedish Consulate
General in New York. In 1910 he
became Counselor of the Legation
in Moscow and two years later
bureau chief of the Foreign Of
flee. He was appointed CONNER
cial Counselor at the Swedish Lee
cation in Berlin in 1912, remain
ing there until 1914.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1946-01-01
Two Swedish
Cruisers Nearing
Completion.

In the near future the Swedish
Navy will receive two very con-
siderable additions, viz: two fast
and powerful cruisers of about
1000 tons. The first of them, tire
Kronor"' was launched hardly
year ago at the Gotaverken ship
yard of Gothenburg, and on No
vember 18th the sister ship, Gotta
Lejon,' glided from the stocks at
the Eriksberg shipyard in the
presence of the Swedish Crown
Prince, the Minister of Defense
and all the Defense Chiefs.
These cruisers, of which "Tre
kronor' is expected to be ready
for delivery next autumn, have a
length OF $50 feet, and the speed
is stated to be over 30 knots. The
hull is largely welded, and
through the employment as far
as possible of light metal for in
terror fittings a further consider
able saving of weight has been
obtained. The armament will con-
sist of seven 1872 centimeter guns,
three placed ahead in triple. tur-
ret and the rest aft in two twin
turrets
The guns are of a new Swedish
Bofors type with mechanical load
ing and laying, and they even will
be able to fire without a single
man in the turret. The anti-air-
craft defenses are exceedingly
strong, consisting of 20 automatic
and gyro-stabilized 40-mm. guns
and nine 25-mm. automatic A. A.
guns. Even the heavier guns can
be used against aeroplanes.
Furthermore, these cruisers will
will be equipped with two 53-cm
triple torpedo tubes and with
gear for mine-Iaying and dropping
depth charges, etc. Considering
their size, these cruisers are UNI
usually well armored.
For the building and equipment
of the new cruisers, which will
cost about rs million kronor each
! ($1S, 75O,0OO), Sweden has beer
able to rely entirely on her own
resources.
The cruiser now launched, Gotta
Lejon," is the third Swedish man.
of-War to bear that name. Her
predecessors. We're 9O-gun ship
built in 1902 and a 70-gun ship
launched in 174o.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1946-01-01
PAGE FOURTEEN

An interesting method for melt
ing ice has recently been developed
and practically tested by two
Swedish engineers, Erik Forslind
and Bengt Person The invention,
which is hoped to be of value for
keeping harbors and channels free
from ice in wintertime, will be ex-
plotted by a newly founded COM
pany, Vinterled, of Stockholm. 1t
is based on a quite simple system,
namely, the use of the warm bot
tom water for melting the ice
cover. On the bottom of the area
to be kept free from ice is laid out
a net of pipes, with holes which
are equipped with a special mouth
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1946-01-01
Transport Plane Crashes,
Entire Grew Killed

STOCKHOLM, Dec. 6. (By wire
less An American Flying For
tress, converted into a passenger
plane and operated by the Swedish
Aerotransport Company, crashed
last night six miles north of the
city of Mariefred, west of Stock
holm. The entire crew of six were
killed including the chief pilot,
Captain Ernst Roll, a veteran fly
er who had been in Aerotransport
service several years. The plane
took off yesterday from Bromma
airport, at Stockholm, to fly to
Prague, Czechoslovakia, but was
recalled because of bad weather
and directed to proceed to Goth
enburg, where stop was made to
discharge the passengers. At 1890
in the evening it started back to
Bromma, but shortly after it had
left Gothenburg it crashed to
earth, catching fire and burning
up completely. The cause of the
disaster is still unknown.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1946-01-01
Prominent Norwegian
American Literory Person
oQe Dies

NEW YORK, Dec. 4.-Miss Han
ma Astrup Larsen, author and
translator and editor of The AM
erican Scandinavian Review, died
in her home in Elmsford, N. Y.
after a brief illness. She was ~
years cd.
Born in DEBORAH, Iowa, of Nor
wegian descent, Miss Larsen was
the daughter of the late Rev. Peter
l.. Larsen, President of Luther
College, DEBORAH, and the lat e
Mrs. Ingeborg Astrup Larsen. At
ter having served as editor of
two Norwegian-American weeklies
and as special correspondent for
newspapers in San Francisco and
New York, Miss Larsen in 1913
became literary editory of The
American Scandinavian Review,
published by The American-Scan-
dinavian Foundation in New York,
and the publications editor in
1921
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1946-01-01
New Method Keeps Harbors |ce.free

piece. BY means of compressors
air is pumped into the pip s,
through the mouthpieces of which
air bubbles flow and rise towards
the surface. In this way the warm
bottom water is made to circulate
upwards, melting the ice on the
surface or preventing the forma-
ton of new ice.
In an interview with the Stock
holm papers, Mr.. Forslind says
that successful experiments have
been carried out even at a depth
of 70 feet and with an ice-cover
of % inches. It is reported that
installations of this kind have al
ready been completed for two
Swedish pulp mills on the Gulf of
Bothnia.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1946-01-01
First Nobel Festival in
Stockholm in Seven Years

STOCKHOLM, Dec. IL (Bv
wireless) - The traditional Nobel
Festival at which all prizes ex-
cept that for Peace are awarded,
took place here last night for the
first time in seven years. The
event, staged as usual in Stock
holm's Symphony Hall, was mark
ed by prewar pomp. King Gustaf,
now in his 87th year, personally
presented the Nobel medals, the
handsomely bound and richly il
Illuminated addresses, and the
money awards of about $4,000
each. The winners who had been
able to come to Stockholm for
the ceremony were Sir Alexander
Fleming, Sir Howard w. Florey,
and DR.. Ernst B. Chain, who re-
ceived the 1945 Prize in Medicine
and Physiology for their joint dis
covery of penicillin; Prof. A. I.
Virtanen, of Helsinki, who won the
1945 Chemistry Prize, and the
Chilean poetess, Senorita Gabrielle
Mistral, winner of the 1915 Nobel
Prize in Literature Prof. Wolf
gang PAUL.. of Princeton Uni
versity, who received the 1915
Prize in Physics, could not get to
Stockholm in time, and his award
was received by Christian M.
Ravndal, United States Charge d.
Affaires. The winner of the 1914
Chemistry Prize, Prof. Otto Hahn.
is stateless and could therefore not
be represented by any diplomatic
agent.
Peace Prize Awarded in Oslo
On the same day the Peace
Prizes for 1914 and 1915 were dis
tributed in Oslo, in accordance
with the donors desire as ex-
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1946-01-01

pressed in his testament. The 1914
Prize was received on behalf of
the International Red Cross in
Geneva, Switzerland, by DR.. Max
Huber, while the 1915 award, which
went to former United States Sc
cretary of State, Cordell Hull,
was accepted for him by the AM
erican Ambassador to Norway,
Lithgow Osborne. King Haakon
and members of the royal family
attended the ceremony.
Nobel Festival Also i'm New York
The fifth annual dinner arrang-
ed by The American Nobel An
niversary Committee in New York
was given in the evening of the
same day at the Hotel Aston.
Among the speakers were Sir
Norman Angel, winner of the 1888
Peace Prize; Ambassador Will
helm Morgonstierne of Norway;
Pearl Buck, who received the 1888
Literature Prize; Richard de Roch-
emont. president of France For
ever" and DR.. Albert Einstein,
whose message was read in his
absence. Senator J. William Full
bright, of Arkansas, presided.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1946-01-01
Norway Honors Swedish
DipIomot For Home
Front Aid

STOCKHOLM, Dec. I. (Via air.
mail -Harald Edelstam, an at
tache at the Swedish Consulate
General in Oslo, has received from
King Haakon VII the Royal Nor
wegian Order of St. Olav for the
help he rendered Norway in the
war. All during the occupation
Mr.. Edelstam was in close con-
tact with the home front, and
personally carried out many dan
gerous missions, especially in con-
nection with the deportation OF
Since 1921 she also had been
the Oslo university students. The
Nazis finally became suspicious of
his activities, and he was forced
to leave the country. Among his
Norwegian comrades he was known
as THE Black Pimpernel."
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1946-01-01
increased Shipments of
American Cool Forecast

Harald Lonnegardh, New York
representative of the Government
Fuel Commission, has informed
Stockholm that the American
authorities foresee increased posi-
bilities for shipping coal to Swed-
en- in January this year. provided
there is no mining strike. The
Swedish Maritime Commission has
therefore been asked to reserve
tonnage for these shipments.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1946-01-01
THE SCANDINAVIAN AMERICAN
Minister Herman Ericsson Discusses Sweden
United States Trade

NEW YORK December 13-The Importance OF free inter-
national emphasized by Herman Ericsson Swedish
Minister the United States at dinner given IN his honor
here night the WadorfAstora by the Swedish Cham
Der of Commerce of the USA his address the envoy
gave detailed analysis of the trade between Sweden and
outlined wedens future needs and its ability to
export He also gave account of Swedens aid in inter-
national reconstruction and rehabilitation both in the form
Of credits and gifts.
Suggestions that Sweden has made money out of the
Mr. Erickson emphaticaly denied pointing out that the