davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-08-01
Russian Rule Seen
As Burden 10 PeopIe
OF Central Europe
BY Lee Hills
Foreign Correspondent Of The stor and
the ChleaA, ~, A,

f~~9o IolfT news
NlEN<A, Austria, Aug. 1.-The
sS.ssfans may be overplaying their
hand in Central Europe. All along
the iron curtain" where people see
It's effects firsthand, you find evil
dences Of reaction against COM
muniSm
The closer you get, the heavier
the vote Is against the Communist
party wherever there are free cleo
tions. In Austria, the Communists
polled only per cent of the total
in Germany 9 per cent.
American correspondents coming out
OF the Balkans say there is a marked
change since year ago. When the
Russians came in, some of those
small countries welcomed liberia
ton from the Nazis. After year
OF Russian domination. in which
their nations have been turned into
virtual Soviet republics, the Com
munists are increasingly unpopular
No Voice in Soviet Areas.
THE cure for Communism is Com
munism," said one American OBJ
server of 16 years experience in
Central Europe But it's too late
for most of those people now. The
Soviets dominate them far more
absolutely than even Hitler did The
people have no voice. They can't
vote for something else in free cleo
tiOnS"
Some say the Russians made two
big mistakes-1l letting the Red
Army see the west and % letting
the west see the Red Army.
There are reports of increasing
desertions. There also seems to be
a fairly heavy turnover of Red
troops, sent back after short periods
In occupied zones There is no
doubt that the ruthless tactics, and
in many cases barbarous treatment
of people, practiced by Russian
troops cause deep resentment.
Yet, so far, the Russians have
won most tricks in this new game
of power politics for control OF
Central Europe.
Play for Big Stakes.
They are playing for two big
stakes: Either to dominate these
states economically and politically.
or to SO weaken them that there can
be no effective force on the con-
tinent except Russia. They are
Evening star., 1946-08-01

making headw~y on both points.
1t is difficult for the American at
home to grasp how sharply Europe
is split between western democracy
and the totalitarianism of Russia.
The doubletalk out of Moscow about
democracy" confuses those far
away. But not those close up. They
see the grim relationships being
perfected in the Balkans, with con-
centration camps, controlled press.
Evening star., 1946-08-01

name and barbarous" treatment of
minorities. Overnight $4,000 former
Germans were ordered thrown out
of their homes, Many had lived
here for years and had become
Austrian citizens. They were herded
into barbed-wire inclosure and sent
off to a former save labor camp at
Melk, some to stay there indefinitely.
This camp, empty for months and
already completely looted by the
Evening star., 1946-08-01

the liquidation of opposition, the
pseudo elections.
They see and fear the ruthless
Communist grip on the Soviet
occupied zones in Germany and
Austria and its infiltration to the
west.
$4,000 Germans Imprisoned.
With party of American editors,
1 saw some examples here of what
one high American called ..inhu-
Evening star., 1946-08-01

Russians. has no windows in the
buildings, no fuel and no stoves, no
water or sewage system. The Amer
leans are taking some of the victims
into their zone in Germany to find
homes, but there simply is no pro-
vision for large numbers of them.
The Russian action directly violates
the Potsdam agreement for orderly
and humane expulsion of minorities.
1t was not the first violent move
Evening star., 1946-08-01
THE EVENING STAR, Washington, D. c. B-o
L

Like many others over here, he
thinks it is important to world
peace, politically as we'll as morally,
not to let these people slowly starve.
There is a growing feeling that if
the western Allies will stand up to
Russia.
Copyright, i948l
Evening star., 1946-08-01

of this kind. George Mathues, chief
of the Quakers' (American Friends
Service mission here, said that
thousands had been booted out of
their homes in YugoSlavia, Czecho-
slovakia, Hungary and Romania on
two hours notice.
These peope are put into bar
racks, sometimes 40 persons living in
one room and eating bowl of soup
and piece of bread a day" he said.
Evening star., 1946-08-01
och Shop, Third Floor

S195 to $3.50 Assortment Beachwea Paysuts
Tee Shirts, Beach
jerseys Variety colors
---------- to
Evening star., 1946-08-01
Fall Dresses

eDb and flow widen and morrow moulding figures
to new grace.
Fluid is the Silhouette bqqnq o through The torso below the
saotFed rectre Wdened tn snog the skirt jndened
pored With 9odcooed belt bJe Royon crepe black blue
or cherry red. Sizes 9 to Is $685.
uiorDe -FourhF Floor
ud 0eeVe5 swell ood bo~ in the long fitted bodice
close fitted hips sdesAept skirt Black royon crepe misses
S1995
Misses Dress Shop -SecondF FIoor
FjuId cascade DfOpefY is Hoeng achieving
especially when combined moulding tnks
e Dod Roon cepe purple grey oquo Sizes 8 to A. Q9D
Women Shop-Se md
Evening star., 1946-08-01
Teen Shop, Fourth Floor

S95 S1895 Summer wopece styles cotton
chambrays with appqud TRIM check cotton gnhams printed
hand printed striped and floral cotton
seesuckers cotton eyee with bow trim Powder maize pink
lime white to Sl2
Evening star., 1946-08-01
Shop todoSfo,e closed Saturdays htou gh August 24th
Note: Our Bethesda Store open Saturdays closed Mondays!
Fall Goats
"P0ck ket" their News

Pockets ocCentuOe the sweeping lines this ~onoos
uord JUpon 1QC wool with modified leg sleeves ond
she~btooed belt and color Womeos a 3I}z 4 black willow
grey chestnut brown S65
Pockets slant comfortably on this snort topper With its vide cur o
holes uored boc Misses black esaon red white $40 IS
Pockets point up the pIeoted hips this 1000 wool coor With its
ooon qeomnq foternoy yoke Junior
sizes IN black, chestnut brown, and white vine S3975
Evening star., 1946-09-24
Tidemurks

Whatever the treasure the sea reluc-
family gipes up
1t 1oiI in time take more, much more:
Pebble and nacreous shell or fragment
of ambergris
At most, and grudsingEy. It Ieares
upon the shore.
Sometimes 1t parts NTH splintered
,oreckage OF ship
or shard of coral or iridescent bubble
OF glass float.
Such slender legacies as take chhds
eye for an hour
And are tDithin the hour forgotten and
remote.
Five years or ten; season and a season
past:
What has the capriciotts ocean left
upon this shore?
What paltry barter can ,oapes offer in
return
For lopely hours OF yesterday that pt0
return no more?
FREDERICK EBRIGHT.
Evening star., 1946-09-24

standing of the key Soviet and Brit
ish positions in terms of world poll
tics and economics. As Mr.. Wallace's S
successor, therefore. he is likely to
bring to the cabinet special knowl-
edge and insight that should be of
considerable value in the conduct Of
our foreign policy.
In short, looked at in any light,
Mr. Hartman seems admirably
equipped to take over the respon-
sibilities of his important new Office.
In naming him, the President has
made a choice In which the whole
Nation can have confidence and in
which the world at large can read
the plain and reassuring notice that
the executive branch of the United
States Government is firmly as one
on foreign policy. Irrespective OF
the unfortunate confusion caused by
Mr.. Wallace, no country abroad need
any longer have any doubts on that
score.
Evening star., 1946-09-24

later Senator from the same State,
Secretary of War in the cabinet OF
Franklin Pierce and President of the
Confederacy.
But the capture of Monterey
affected the political future of an
other soldier much more effectively.
General Taylor went on to Aqua
Nueva, then to Angostura near
Buena Vista where, in two days of
bloody fighting, he defeated General
Antonio Lopez Santa Anna. The
Government in Washington disap-
proved his victories, but the people
OF the Nation at large welcomed the
news of them with enthusiasm
and gave General Taylor the presi-
dency as a reward in the election Of
1848,
Evening star., 1946-09-24
An Excellent Choice

Considering all the surrounding
circumstances, the President could
hardly have found a better man
than w. Averell Hartman to succeed
Henry A. Wallace as Secretary of
Commerce. From the standpoint of
domestic politics, Mr.. Hartman has
a pro-New Deal record fairly imper-
vious to attack by left-wing voting
blocs other than the extremists. Far
more important than this. however,
is the aptness of the appointment in
an international sense, for the Sec
retary- designate is in full agreement
with the Truman-Byrnes foreign
policy and his entrance into the
cabinet thus should have the effect
Of emphasizing to the world that
that policy has united administra-
ton behind it, despite the impress
sion of division recently created by
Mr.. Wallace.
But even If these considerations
had no bearing upon it the appoint
ment would still seem to be excep-
tionally good. An outstanding figure
in railroad and banking circles, Mr..
Hartman has a working familiarity
with nationai and international
business problems and has held i'm
portant posts in the Department Of
Commerce itself. Still more signifi-
cant is the rich experience he has
acquired as our Ambassador to Rus
sia from october, 1943, until last
February. and since then as Anbas-
sador to Britain. Few II any Ameri-
cans have had as close a personal
acquaintanceship with Premier Sta
lin, nor have many been In better
position to develop 4 sound under
Evening star., 1946-09-24
Dodqinq the Issue

Elsewhere on this page there is
published letter from Abram
Flaxer, president of the United Pub
lie Workers of America, in which he
takes exception to an editorial ap-
pearing in The Star of September II.
1t is letter which lodges the
issue. The editorial took cognizance
of published reports that top Gov
ernment officials are seriously con-
cerned by the organizing activities
of UPWA in the Panama Canal Zone
and Hawaii, and suggested that Fed
eral workers in such areas be for
hidden to join this particular union
If it could be shown that to permit
them to join would endanger the
security of this country.
The issue is simply whether UPWA,
on its record, is proper union to
represent these employees. The union
is decidedly left-wingish in charac-
ter. At its convention last spring
the delegates, with only one protest.
ing voice, adopted resolution con-
demning the aggressive imperial
ism" Of the United States and Brit
ain. At the same time they refused
to voice criticism of Russian foreign
policy on the ground that it would be
silly to question Soviet intentions.
This is strictly party-line doctrine,
and it has raised in many minds a
real doubt as to where the loyalties
of the leaders of this union lie. The
editorial to which Mr.. Flaxer takes
exception suggested that if this
doubt be well founded the organiza-
tion of Federal employees in strategic
zones by UPWA could constitute
threat to this country in event of a
clash with Russia, and that this
should not be tolerated. The Star
sees nothing in Mr. F'laxer's letter to
change its opinion on this point.
Evening star., 1946-09-24
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

Former Gov Harold E. Stasson of
Minnesota in the current issue of COL
lier's presents his own, personal ideas
OF a program for progress" for the
Republican party. At the same time
he urges The election in November of
Republican majorities in the House and
Senate so that the American people may
get sample of Republicanism in ac-,
ton. This, he contends, would be q
real, practical test upon which the
voters could predicate their action In
the national election Of 1913.
Golfers calls Mr. Stassen "a leading
contender for the Republican presiden-
tial nomination" Mr.. Stassen makes no
bones about being candidate for the
nomination-he is frankly seeking it.
And because he is seeking the presiden-
tial nomination he is trying to inform
the American voter regarding his own
stand on important problems OF the
day. Other potential candidates are
more reticent. They either believe it
is far too early to throw their hats
in the ring, or they take an old fash
loned view that the job should seek the
man, not the man the job.
The idea tnat the voters should elect
Republican majority in the House or
Senate to try out the Republican party,
to determine whether it has good ideas
and is willing to back them up, while a
Democratic President still sits in the
White House, is novel, Mr.. Stassen does
not believe that Republican majority
in either or both houses of Congress
should content itself with opposing rec
concentrations Of President Truman He
believes that it should draft and seek
to enact into law legislative proposals
of its own. Nor does he look with trepi-
dation on a situation in which the
executive branch of the Government is
in the hands of one political party and
the legislative branch in the hands OF
another.
On the contrary, Mr.. StaSsen believes
that it would be far better for the coun-
try to have such division than to have
continuance of what has gone on in
the Seventy-ninth Congress. He says:
A Congress with Republican major
ity in one or both houses certainly
could not make a worse record on do
mestic affairs than the Seventy y-ninth
Congress. The odds are that it
would work out q give-and-take agree
ment with the President that would
produce better results for the country.
The President, with his party not in
control of Congress. would know that he
Evening star., 1946-09-24
This Changing World
By Constantine Broicn

Secretary of State Byrnes was loudly
booed last Sunday at the rally of the
so-called American" Pan-Slav Con-
gress at Madison Square Garden in New
York.
citizens of Slavic descent got together.
discussed domestic politics, applauded
Henry Wallace and booed the Secretary
of State is strictly within the tenets of
our democratic form Of government
whereby all Americans, native-born or
naturalized, have perfect right to ex-
press their political views in whatever
manner they desire.
But the presence on the speakers
platform of ofdcial representatives of
foreign countries, such as Ambassador
Kosanovitch of Yugoslavia, Ambassador
Laange of Poland and the Soviet Consul
General in New York, together with
galaxy Of Russian and Polish generals
on active duty gives an entirely differ
ent aspect to the situation.
\
According to q well established diplo-
matte protocol, the accredited represent
atives of foreign nations are not sup
posed to participate in any political
movements or manifestations in this
country. They may attend cultural
gatherings or patriotic rallies, such as
existed during the war for selling war
bonds. But no foreign Ambassador or
his representative may take an active
part in the political activities of Amer
leans of foreign birth.
The Yugoslav Ambassador expressed
criticism of the State Department.
which refused to grant visitors visas to
the Yugoslav Communists who had
been selected to represent Marshal Tito
at the convention. and branded the
strict application of the American i'm
migration regulation as mistake of
bureaucracy" Under ordinary circum-
stances, the Tito representative would
be decalred persona non grata by the
American Government for this criticism.
But the State Department is anxious
to avoid any further incidents with
Yugoslavia.
As an example of how the State Depart
ment wants to maintain friendly rela-
tions. the department vetoed a sugges-
ton by the Army that a state funeral
be given the five American flyers who
Evening star., 1946-09-24

could not get results by simply being
stubborn and would recognize the neces-
sity of adjusting his program. Likewise,
the Republicans, with the responsibility
of majority position, would not permit
any Of their leadership to be stubborn -
Pointing out that there are about 60
congressional districts which were car
ried by the Democrats with a narrow
margin of votes in 1914, Mr.. Stassen
says that he knows personally nearly all
of the Republican nominees in these
districts. He adds: They are definitely
an above average group; many .of them
have truly outstanding qualifications
Taken as a whole they are forward
looking and would be a constructive
addition to the Washington scene. be-
lieve they will work and vote with the
more progressive Of the incumbent Re-
publican Congressman and Senators
They are young men. Many are veterans
of the war"
A summary Of the Stassen program,
which he proposes as party platform
for the present campaign, puts the need
Of new labor policy first. The over
whelming majority of the people know
that there have been too many strikes
since the end of the war. They know
that new national labor policy is
needed" he says. He insists that the
Republican party should not be anti
labor. 1t should sponsor, however. leg
islation requiring secret ballot in
union elections, strict accountability
OF union funds-except voluntary dona-
tions-for political purposes, a ban on
compulsory assessments unless voted by
members, and guarantee that workers
will be informed of facts by both sides
In dispute. In addition, it should
seek the establishment of a labor court
to decide jurisdictional disputes. ban
on jurisdictional strikes, and cooling
or period before strikes
There are dozen subjects dealt with
in the StaSsen program. Another is
communism. Communism will be op-
posed, Communists exposed and not
permitted to hold appointed Federal
offce. In view of the red tinge of
some OF the organizations and indivi-
duals supporting the Democratic tickets
in New York and other States-this
issue looms as one of the most import
ant.
Some of the more conservative Re-
publicans may gulp over the Stassen
program, and Mr. Stassen himself as
candidate-but Mr.. Stassen has an
increasing following.
Evening star., 1946-09-24
Could Be Worse
le st. Louis Post-Dispat tch,

From the st. Louis Post-Dispatch
If you think the housing situation Is
terrible in this country-and it is-take
comfort in the fact that 1t could be
worse. How much worse is indicated
by this story attributed by Bennett Cert
to w. Averell Hartman, former Amer
ican Ambassador to Moscow.
A teacher distributed new photographs
of Stain and suggested that her charges
pin them up on their walls that evening.
The next day every one but Ivan re-
ported that instructions had been car
ried out faithfully.
Don't you love our leader?" the
teacher asked Ivan.
"Oh, yes" he answered. but / couldn't /
hang any picture on the wall because
our family lives in the center OF the
room =" Things aren't that bad
here vet
Evening star., 1946-09-24

were killed over Yugoslavia so that the
unfortunate incident might be for
gotten az quickly as possible; naturally,
it turned down the suggestion that Am
bassador Kosanovtch be invited to at
tend the rites.
Similarly. 1t is improbable that the
department will ask the Polish and
Yugoslav Ambassadors to explain their
presence at a political rally at which
the Secretary Of State was taken over
the hurdles by Slav-born speakers who
are known to be closely afiiliated with
the Moscow Politbureau. The chairman
of the meeting was Leo Krzycki, vice
president of the CIO Amalgamated
Clothing Workers of America, who visit
ed Moscow early this year to pay his
respects to the leaders In the Kremlin.
But even more important than the
attacks on personalities by all the speak
ers at Sundays meeting. including the
representatives of the Slavic states of
Russia, Poland. Yugoslavia, Czechoslo-
vakia and Bulgaria, was the keynote
message sent by no less a parsonage than
Prime Minister Stain of Russia. Stain
emphasized the fact that the American
Slav Congress met at time when be-
fore all mankind stands the problem of
eradicating the remnants of fascism -
He added that there Is no doubt that
in solving this most crucial problem the
Slavic peoples will play an equally out
standing role as they did in defeating
Hitlerite Germany"
-
To those few people whose job it Is
to follow the Soviet press and radio,
both strictly controlled by the Govern
ment, Stains telegram has a particular
significance since it urges the American
Slavs to carry on the fight against the
people and institutions which are being
declared Fascist by the Russian govern
ment itself. And America is regarded as
one of the chief culprits.
1t is equally significant that none of
the official representatives of the Slav
bloc, while praising the tremendous aid
given their countries by the u S. S. r. has
found 1t necessary to mention even per-
funtorily the fact that billions of dol
lars worth of American goods and sup
plies have been rushed to their countries
although these goods could have helped
relieve many of our own shortages.
Evening star., 1946-09-24

July 2, 1916, had already proposed to
their colleagues on the Atomic Energy
Commission exactly the policy which Mr..
Wallace accuses them of not having
adopted in a letter to the President
written three weeks later.
Incredible as it may seem. We cannot
escape the conclusion that Mr.. Wallace
permitted himself to write an official
letter of advice to the President of the
United States criticizing American pro-
posals on atomic policy without ever
having read the official text of those
proposals as they were actually SUBJ
mitted. No one who had read Memo
randum No. l of the American atomic
delegation could possibly have written
such letter as that which Mr.. Wallace
wrote on July %.
In fact, the Russians have never
complained about the "step-by step"
process. They have not as yet been
asked to reveal the state of their scien-
tif1c progress or their uranium and
thorium deposits. Naturally, an ex-
change of information on these subjects
among all signatory states, on recipro-
cal basis, would be an essential feature
OF any atomic c-control treaty, but this
obvious fact the Russians themselves
acknowledge.
The real sticking point in the atomic
negotiations-a point which Mr.. Wallace
carefully avoids discussing at any length
lis the question of safeguards. Partic-
ularly, it Is the question of inspections
and sanctions.
The Russians opposed an interna-
tional inspection system as "irreconci-
liable with the principal of national
sovereignty" and they consider that
violators of the atomic agreement should
be punished by each state in accord
ance with its own laws. What the Rus
slams really want--and what Mr.. Wal
lace appears to want. too-is for the
United States to destroy its atomic
bombs and turn over its atomic in
formation to an international agency
with no better safeguard for the future
than a set of written promises.
This has been the focal point Of all
Russian atomic policy. It Is. of course,
an attractive hope from the Russian
point Of view. But in world still armed
and highly dangerous. the American
people are not likely to give up COM
manding military advantage without
clear and tangible safeguards for the
with teeth in them.
tcopyright. 1946l