davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12
Washington O:DSJ
Try Ndzis in Ruins
Of Their Handiwork
Scene of the Historic Trial 81 Per Cent
Destroyed by BombingS; Case Sets
Precedent for 0utIaWing War.
BY BAUKHAGE
Netus Analyst and Commentator.

Back in Germany, Baukhage reports
the w a crimes trial OF 81 top Nasis
spith the same piuidness With which ne
narrated their rise to potoer in the pre-
par years tohen he Uus stationed in the
reich. BeIoto is the first OF a series OF
articles uritten from Nuremberg:
WNU Service. 1916 Eye Street N. w.,
Washington, ID. c.
NUREMBERG, GERMANY. /
have just left the courtroom where,
as I write, the trial Of Germany's
war criminals is still in progress.
The courtroom is just above me IN
this great stone courthouse which
was almost untouched by the bomb
ing which reduced this most beaui-
full and famous city to the point
that it was declared ''91 per cent
dead by the experts who followed
the occupation by American troops
on April 20, 1945.
/ am writing in the press room
with reporters from more than a
dozen nations about me. Most Of us
are in uniform. the majority being
the uniform Of the United States
army, which all war correspondents
In our theater wore. Up until re-
Gently correspondents had a simu-
lated rank Of captain. Now we are
simply uniformed civilians operat-
ing under military orders.
AS I look back over the beginnings
Of this trial = the earliest discus
sions before the tribunal itself was
formed - l have the feeling that we
are now looking at something very
real - actual and factual, rather
than theoretical and vague. At the
first gathering, the appalling condi-
ton Of this city produced the feeling
that all about II and in it must be
chaos too. Nuremberg dates back 10
the 18th century and 1t grew into
such favor and beauty that it bore
the name Of Germany's treasure
chest" 1t was a chest Of treasures
Of art, song and culture as well as
Of the gold that poured into the COT
fers Of the merchants. Now it Is a
shell, and one Of Europe's best ex-
amples Of the atmosphere and
charm Of the middle ages is gone.
How the nearly 300, 600 people who
r said to be living in these ruins
exist it is hard to say. The streets
r cleared, some street cars are
running, some shops are opening, a
city government is operating. But
few houses are livable. In some
cases parts of great office buildings
have been restored. Such cellars as
can be cleared Of rubble and rooted
are crowded. A huge air raid shell
ter 280 steps below the ground con-
tains a small village in itself.
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12
Milestone in
Mans Progress

1t may be that what is accom-
plished will be washed out by SUBJ
sequent stupidities; but I believe,
whether we go forward immediate
ly from this point or not, it will
remain a milestone in mans effort
to accomplish the outlawry of war,
that it will be a landmark from
which others may set their course
anew. Grotius. father Of information
al law, held to the principle that
aggressive wars were illegal. AS
Justice Jackson pointed out, it was
because of the greed for land which
characterized the 18th and 18th GEN.
turtles that this concept was thrust
aside and the world came to accept
the tenet that war in itself was not
Illegal. And It seems to me that all
attempts to stop war must be futile
SO long as such a concept exists in
international thinking. No one who
saw the spontaneous reaction 70
Justice Jackson's opening address to
the court could feel that the tre-
mendous effort which has gone into
the creation and operation Of this
court a be completely lost.
For those who have Witnessed
these proceedings there is a strik-
ing symbolism in the rise and fall
OF a nation which built a vicious
culture in less than a decade with
n final objective aggressive war;,
which very theology destroyed it as
no nation has been wrecked before.
Here we see before us in the flesh
lin some cases considerably less
flesh than they were adorned with in
their hey-day), the men who con-
ceived and carried out this plan.
which is the distillation of the phi
losophy that might is right. and
which negates the whole basis of the
moral law which has been estab-
hshed by civilization.
Step by step, with the epitome of
tons of written evidence, with NOV
ing pictui es. with plans and charts.
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12
BY Baukhage

In the various provinces of
France. grape harvesting is ritual
lied. In Burgundy the grapes are
collected in wicker baskets known
as "vendangeots." In Champagne
they are piled in little wooden
barrels, or "caques." Wooden bas-
kets are used in the Bordeaux re-
gion. buckets in Provence, wicker
hods i Medoc, and panniers in the
Cote dor.
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12
MR.. PHILLIPS PASSES

Mr.. Tom Phillips Of 1874 Corby
died Tuesday evening Jan. 8 after
a long illness. He was one OF
Omaha's outstanding citizens also
one of the old lire waters and
was very well thought of by many
friends and will be missed by the
old school of walters. He leaves
to mourn his loss his wife, three
sons and many friends. All we can
say is that hearts are very
sad. Our voices all are still. A
place is vacant in your home that
never can be refilled.
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12
o Deaths Funerals

Mr.. William Caldwell, 26, 2519
Corby Street died Saturday even
ing, December 20, at Cotner Blvd
and Adams Streets, Lincoln, Ne
braska, as a result of an automo-
bile accident. He had been a re-
sident of Omaha 10 years. He is
survived by his wife, Mrs. Mary
Lee Caldwell; six step-children,
James, Helen Lawrence, Doris, vi
Wan, Marshall, father, Rev. Or
lando Caldwell, all of Omaha; 3
uncles and other relatives. Fun
eral services held Saturday after
noon from Thomas Funeral Home
with Rev. j. H. Reynolds Official
ting, assisted by Rev. w. E. Fort
and Rev. E. Green. Burial was at
Mount Hope Cemetary.
Mrs. Richie Thomas, 38 years,
2121 Locust Street, died Sunday
December 80 at a local hospital.
She is survived by her husband,
Mr.. James Thomas, Omaha; sister
and other relatives. The body was
removed Tuesday to Idabel, Okla,
for services and burial.
Edw. Johnson, so yrs. 843 So.
oath Street, apartment custodian,
died January 2. He is survived by
by a son, Amos Johnson Of Oma-
ha. The body is at Thomas Nor
uary pending funeral arrange
ments.
Mr.. William Sprangles, 81 years
1917 Pacific, Street, died January
3, at a local hospital. He is sur
vived by a sister, Mrs. Elizabeth
White, Omaha and other relatives.
Funeral services were held Sat
urday morning from Thomas Flu
neral Home with Rev. e Johnson
officiating. Burial was at Forest
Lawn Cemetary.
Mrs. Marion Temple, age SO
years, 2619 Blonde Street, died
Friday January 4. She had lived
in Omaha four years and was a
former resident of st. Paul, MINI.
She is survived by two sisters;
Mrs. Katherine Gaines, 2619 Blon-
do, with whom she made her home
Mrs. Delilah Ellis, Huston, Texas,
two brothers, Mr.. Lewis Mckin-
ney, Washington, Texas; Mr.. Tom
Mckinney, Houston, Texas; neice,
Miss Marion Temple, Omaha, and
other relatives. Funeral services
were held Tuesday morning from
Clair Chapel AME Church with
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12
FRANCE:
Trade Move

In a move designed to bring the
purchasing power of the franc in
line with foreign currencies, France
devalued its monetary unit to 119 %
the American dollar and 480 to the
British pound.
As a result of the new arrange
ment. French foreign trade is ex-
pected to pick up, since the rise in
prices due to decreased production
viii be Offset by giving up more
francs to the dollar or pound. In
certain of its colonies where there
has been no infiationary spiral, the
French maintained the old value of
the local franc.
Because of the ~dislocation Of in
dustry and commerce, Frances for
eign trade since liberation has been
mostly of the token variety to keep
overseas channels open. Some per-
fume, cognac and champagne has
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12
CT. INSURANCE:

Despite the fact that the veter-
ans National Service Life Insurance
is probably the greatest bargain in
life insurance today. many dis
charged servicemen are dropping it
and making a big mistake, says Dr..
W. M. Curtiss of Cornell university.
Premium rates Ire lower than for
mutual and stock companies, and
include a waiver of premiums in
case of disability, DR.. Curtiss said.
This feature costs about rs cents e
ira per 5 1000 of ordinary life insur.
ance from a private company.
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12
Fix Reparations

Though U. S. PREPARATIONS from
western Germany were set at % per
cent of the total to be shared by 81
countries. this country's actual
amount may fall short of the agreed
figure since it waived rights to en-
envy ships and industrial equipment
because of small losses in these
categories.
In addition to such capital goods
as plants, machinery, etc., German
foreign assets, current stocks and
items from production have been de-
clared available for payments, and
the U. S. is expected to draw pri-
marily from these sources
Besides the U. S., Britain will also
receive % per cent Of PREPARATIONS,
with France allotted Is per cent. 9th
er recipients include Y~ugoslavia, the
Netherlands, Canada. Czechoslovak-
ia, Belgium. Greece, India, Norway,
Australia, South Africa, New Zea-
Land. Denmark, Luxembourg, Egypt
and Albania.
Under the Potsdam agreement,
Russia vas to obtain its principal
PREPARATIONS from eastern Germany,
and German assets in Bulgaria, Fin
land, Hungary, Romania and east
ern Austria.
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12

endorsed the legislation but con-
tended that it needed an amend
ment to protect Negroes and other
minority racial groups, from dis
cr1minatory wage diferentials
which could be created or perpe-
tuated by industry committees set
up under the proposed bill.
Other congressional members of
the Labor Committee, which cur-
rently has the measure under cor
sideration, who expressed support
of the NAACP amendment are:
Ellis E. Patterson ID, California;
Adam c. Powell, Jr. ID, N.Y.,
Jesus Pinero, Delegate from Pu-
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12

Rev. c. c. Reynolds officiating
assisted by Rev. F. K. Johnson.
Pail bearers were Mr.. Y. w. Lo-
gan; Mr.. Charles Trimble; Rev.
j. e. Wade; Mr.. c. N. Pankey.
Burial was at Forest Lawn Ce-
metary.
Mr.. Leslie Shaw, age 40, BIO
Maple Street, died Friday, Janu-
airy 4, at a local hospital. Mr..
Shaw was a wool presser and had
been a resident of Omaha for 10
years. He is survived by his wife,
Mrs. Phyllis Shaw; daughter,
Charlesetta; son, Rudolph, New
port, Arkansas. Funeral services
were held Tuesday afternoon at
Thomas Funeral Home with Rev.
c. c. Reynolds officiating assisted
by Rev. M. l.. Steele. Pail bearers
were: Mr.. Ed Mills; MIR. Ernest
Lomax; Mr.. Charles Griffin, ard
Mr. Charles Young; Mr.. Herbert
Ellis and Mr.. Earl Johnson. Bur-
ial was at Forest Lawn Cemetery.
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12
OVERSEAS MUSIC:
PetrilIO Ban

Stoeky little James Caesar Petril-
10, car Of the American Fedora
tior Of Musicians. who got his
start playing trumpet for Jane
Adams Hull House band on Chi
Cages west side, again reasserted
his power by issuing an order pro-
hibiting the broadcast on U. S. radio
stations Of all music originating in
foreign countries except Canada.
Having just won a major battle
with recording companies by COM
pelling them to pay a percentage of
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12

Since the inauguration on Deem
Der l, 1945. of radio-telephone COM
munication between the Netherlands
West Indies islands of St. Maarten
and Saba, the latter, which is little
more than an extinct volcanic cone,
with its lone community, known as
the bottom" in the crater. is be-
lieved to be the worlds smallest is
land possessing such communication
facilities.
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12
Food Experiments

More than so per cent Of the
leading schools and state univer-
sites covered in a recent survey
are either conducting frozen food
experiments or planning such
experiments, it was revealed.
Most of the experiments are
directed toward retaining the
fresh flavor of fruits, vegetables,
meats and dairy products with
out losing the vitamin content
and nutritive value Of the food.
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12
Danger of Lobbies

These Hobbies. however, are SO
powerful and persistent. that a real
crisis can break out any time. All
this talk about the invisible gov.
eminent that we used to hear is
not merely wild imagining. There
are hundreds Of w~ell-paid, shrewd
lobbyists in Washington, all skilled
at getting the legislation they want
passed for the interests they repre.
sent. Many r highly successful.
They constitute a real danger to our
traditions Of government, and could
bring on a disastrous reaction.
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12
RAISE STATE PAY:

At least BOO, 900 employees Of Al
states received salary adjustments
during the war period. a survey dis
closed.
The methods Of pay adjustment
varied in the states, increases being
directed by legislative action in II
states. and adjustments made
through administrative action in Is
others Six states reported pay ad-
1uStnents both by legislative and
administrative action.
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12

their returns to the AIM to COM
pensate for the reduction in regular
employment Of musicians through
use of prescriptions, Petrillo de-
clared he drew up his latest ulti-
matum to preserve the jobs Of
Americans. Said he:
e. The government-everybody
protects themselves against cheap
labor. Why the should musicians
be suckers? The watchmakers'
union muscled the state department
into telling the Swiss to stop sending
(watches) into the country. We're
trying to keep out foreign musicians
in person or on, the air."
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12

the growth Of the Nazi plan is being
set forth ACTUALLY. coldly and logical
ly. A new chapter is being written
in every session of the court
We watched Nazidom unfold be-
fore US step by step - first. in the
removal of the physical ability of
the German people to resist; then in
the gradual substitution of Nazi con-
cepts for the normal human concepts
produced by the Christian philoso-
ply.
One of the American attorneys
quoted a comment of DR.. Schacht
on the effect Of the destruction Of
the freedom of the press. Schacht
was quoted as having said, at a time
before he knuckled under to Hitler.
that thousands of Germans had been
killed or Imprisoned and not one
word was allowed to be printed
about it. OF what use is martyrdom,
he asked, when it is so concealed
that it has no value as an example
to others? Therein lies one of the
answers to the moral failure Of Ger
man resistance.
By the time the Nazis were ready
to fill their concentration camps with
their foreign victims, they had
learned well the art of handling the
resistance Of their own people and
smothering it behind a wall Of aaer
silence. AS the court pointed ou-. the
first purpose Of the concentration
camps, the persecution. suppression
and propaganda. vas 1.-THE conquest
of the German Masses"
Each successive step was traced
by the prosecution with the same
meticulous detail. detail that kept
even the prisoners with their ears
glued to the headphones and their
eyes following the speaker or the ex-
hibits.
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12
WANT NON-DIscRIMINATIoN
CLAUSE IN WAGE BILL

Washington, D. C-"When my
bill amending the Fair Labor
Standards Act is discussed in ex-
ecutive session of the Labor Com
m%ittee, I will make every effort
to have a non-discrimination
clause inserted" wrote the spon-
o of the House IS cents Mini
mum Wage bill, Congressman
Frank E. Hook ID, Mich.), to
Washington Bureau, NAACP.
At the hearings on Hook Mini
mum Wage Bill, the NAACP had
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12

been shipped to countries abroad.
With the devaluaaon Of the franc,
the French general assembly moved
on to ratification of the Breton
Woods monetary agreement. under
which foreign exchange would be
made available to subscribers at
par rather than appreciated rates.
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12
RUHR:
British Take Mines

An integral part OF Germany's
economy. 100 Ruhr coal mines
owned by as companies we're taken
over by the British occupation au-
thortties in a move to break up the
country's wal potential and also con-
tribute to the decentralization of the
Reich's industry.
In announcing the appropriation
Of the properties without compen-
sation to the owners. the British de-
clared that the coal mines were
controlled by the same monopolistic
interests which dominated the iron,
steel and chemical industries and
exercised a decisive influence on the
character Of prewar German econ
omy.
In taking over the mines, the Brit
ish announced that the financial in
terests Of France, Belgium, Holland
and Luxembourg in the properties
would be safeguarded.
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12

erto Rico, and Richard j. WEIGH
(R., Calif-)
The NAACP appeared before a
committee of the New York state
legislature Dec. IA and testified in
support of a new bill which would
set a minimum wage of IS cents
an hour in New York state. Mrs
Marion w. Perry represented the
NAACP.
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12
WEEKLY NEWS Analysis
Big Three Draw Closer Together;
British Break Ruhr Monopoly;
New Work Stoppoges Looming

L--R Released by Western Newspaper Union ---
western Newspaper Union news anhyss and not neeenarny Of this newspaper
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12

and fought harder for enactment O
his program for reconversion anc
postwar economy.
What of War Powers?
And this criticism brings up ar
important question which the PEG
pie most certainly should consider
If we are to get the most out Of oul
democratic form of government
President Truman stiIl holds his al
most unlimited power under the
wartime act. Most folks will agree
that during wartime it was neces,
sary that the chief executive exer.
else this di~ctatorial power reaching
into almost all phases Of our ma.
tional life and national economy.
But now that the fighting is ovel
and the country is attempting to gel
back onto a peacetime basis, the
question is: Shall the President
continue to exercise that wartime
power?" In other words. the Pres
ident could seize all industry TIED
up in strikes and operate them;
he could direct the foreign policy Of
the nation; he could fix wages and
set prices; he could do all these
things and many more under the
power that he now holds, but will
lose next June 80.
President Truman, however, as
was President Roosevelt before
him, is loathe to use this power be.
cause, if he did so, this government
in peacetime would be operating as
a dictator nation and not as a de.
mocracy governed by the consent OF
the governed. And the very organ.
izations and individuals who are
now loud in their criticism Of the
President, who claim he is lacking
in program and initiative, would be
the first to raise their voices in pro-
test over the first dictatorial act.
Public Opinion Rules
This country and its democratic
institutions must Of necessity be
guided by public opinion. No law,
no act of our leaders will long with
stand the force of an opposing pub
lie. The point is. however, what is
the opinion Of the public on these
vital domestic and foreign ques-
tons?
Here in Washington are heard
only the voices of the vocal minority
and pressure groups. We hear these
voices on foreign policy, we hear
them on elimination Of price and
rent control; they are heard on
farm questions, SURPRISES, parity
prices. conservation, the Missouri
Valley authority; the question of
strikes what about Russia ...
wage increases the cost Of living
. so-called socialized medicine
a th0usand-and-one questions.
Are these loud and consistent
voices from minority groups here in
Washington the considered opinion
Of the American public Of the
men and women in the 5000 home
towns Of the nation of the ST.
600, 900 farm and rural area folks
. of the millions in our teeming
cities?
1t would seem to your home town
reporter that now would be a good
time to really let our legislators
know what the folks back home ac-
tually think about all these vital
questions. It all boils down to the
question of whether the nation, un-
der our democratic form Of govern
ment, is to be guided by a unified
spoken. public opinion on both for.
eign and domestic affairs. or wheth-
er the decisions of the congress and
the President are to be controlled
by the minority Hobbies.
The Omaha guide., 1946-01-12
zAes4ane
TouA
lRapm1sa
WASHINGTON
WNU Washington Bureau.
1915 Eve ST. NJ w
Congress Should Listen
To Voice of the People
BY otter Sheod
WNU Correspondent

NOW that a new year has begun.
it is a good time to take stock
OF the Washington scene and the
position in which the government
finds itself. Scanning the record,
that position looks none too good. In
the first place. out Of the 21-point
program which President Truman
sent to the congress back in Sep
TENDER. only three points have been
acted upon by both houses.
These three include the bills to
create a single surplus war prop
erty administrator, about which
more will be written later; to pro-
vide for limited tax revision: and
for government reorganization.
Since September. the President in
special messages, has asked for uni
versal military training. for COM
pulsory health insurance, and for
fact-fnding panels and cooling off
periods to head off industrial strife.
Aside from the three measures
passed. all the other presidential
proposals have either been emascu-
lated. held up in committees, or
completely ignored up on Capitol
Hill The President has been criti-
cized in some quarters because he
has not gone to bat with congress
and fought harder for enactment Of
his program for reconversion and
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-08-14
Brasscos us Meride1, Msilcos at 8:45

Rained out the last two Wednes- day nights, the Brasscos hope the weather man relents tonight to al- low them to play the Meriden Insil- cos at Municipal Stadium at 8:45.
 Joe Samoska's club was idle last week with washouts of the Cleve- land Buckeyes and Union City Reds games, and two weeks ago the Mount Vernon club was stymied here by adverse weather conditions.
 The Insilcos, drawing the largest crowds in Connecticut with three night games a week, come here with a strong lineup in an effort to square the seasons series. The Brasscos pulled out a 2-1 decision in the Silver City earlier in the season with ninth inning rally
 Mgr. Tony KowalsN will pitch Tom Keenan of Hartford, former Duke University hurler, against Torrington's Mike Kissko. The lat ter is the hard-luck pitcher of the Brassco team but he's due to win.
 Lineups
 The Insilcos will line up with Jack Halstein at first base; Jackie Callahan, center field; Chet Janiga, shortstop; Vern Cornell, right field; Eddie Binkoski, left field; Ray Woodtke, third base; Chet Chros- towski, second base; Orgalezk, catch; and Keenan, pitch.
 The Brasscos will take the field with Johnny White, slugging first
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-08-14
By OSCAR FRALEY

New York, Aug. 14-(UP)-Box- ing long has been accused of many off-color stratagems and a letter from Portugese correspondent revealed today that even in that far off land-where professional boxers number but 12-there often is 'mystification of the people"
 In his own inimitable way, our pal from Portugal paints familiar picture illustrating that nationali- ties and distance don't alter the beak busting business. They have their "comers," their training troubles and their "mystifcation. <"
 Although he undoubtedly will confuse the Jacobs Beach literati through lack of "dese" and dose, " our friend now takes over:
 ''The box appeared for the first time in Portugal in 1908. Its &C., tivity divided for periods of time between two and three years. To- day it is still the same.
 K. o. King Appears
 ''In 1909 appeared the first | VI CN4S S&SSoS p4O4CoolOlld4. o1ANd IIQ- ivo. It was the period more long. Ruivo was a boxeur who marked brilliant epoche, visiting Spain and France. Afterwards came oth- CT boxeurs as Max Fredo, light weight, considered as king of K. O.
 "The most brilliant period of the Portuguese pugilism came with the appearing of Jose Santa, a boy of two meters high"
 (That would make Jose six feet, six and one-half inches, but
 our friend does not explain
 whether this was horizontal or perpendicular
 Santa appeared by hasard a night at Lisbon Colyseum.. He worked as a merchantmen crew tquite feat) when his friends launched him to the king. He was easily defaited on lack of technic, but Portuguese champion was born that night. It was a glorious epoche for the Portuguese box, be- gun in 1925 with 25 fghtings