davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-11-27
Beyond the Goldfish Bowl

The new secret sessions OF the
Council of Foreign Ministers like
the private conference Just held by
Mr.. Byrnes and Mr.. Molotov-Gare a
significant indication that Allied
statesmen are finding 1t difficult to
negotiate grave and delicate issues
in a goldfish bowl. This is the first
time that such secrecy has been
resorted to since the Big Four con-
vened in New York in an effort to
agree on final peace treaties for
italy, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria
and Finland.
There will be no official statement
ON the proceedings until they are
over, but obviously they are being
held in the hope of ending critical
Council deadlock. For weeks now
the Council has been holding for
NAL sessions complete with large
stats of secretaries and fairly de-
tailed news reports without making
marked headway. 1t has heard IA
miliar arguments over and over
again to the point OF mutual bore
dom among Its members, snd since
it has done this pretty much In the
open, each of the Big Four has
tended to hold fast to any position
already taken. In other words, with
the world looking on and listening
in, there has been q kind Of harden
ing OF diplomatic posturesa hard
ening that has delayed the give-and-
take essential to action.
Viewed against this background,
the new secrecy may be regarded as
an earnest Big Four effort to escape
whatever self-consciousness may be
caused by the goldfish bowl and to
reachia better understanding In pri-
yate In principle, the idea Of openly
arriving at open covenants Is un-
questionably sound, but that does
not mean that 1t is bound to work
out perfectly in practice. Nations.
after all, are not unlike individuals;
they are inclined not to change their
minds, or abandon key arguments,
in full public view lest their pride be
hurt or sensible concessions be in
terpreted as humiliating retreats.
In the circumstances, tightly closed
Council sessions, together with per-
sonal conferences OF the sort just
held by Mr.. Byrnes and Mr.. Molotov,
can be constructive In psycholog-
ical sense. Moreover, ii the Big Four
Foreign Ministers fail to agree when
all OF them convene in formal session,
such private meetings among them
selves may yield results that viii
break the general deadlock. This
kind Of negotiating may fall short OF
the ideal of open covenants openly
arrived at, but realism justifies 1T as
supplementary diplomatic meas
ure, especially since it Is aimed not
at hiding the covenants themselves
but merely at avoiding any public
show that may tend to delay rather
than hasten agreement.
IN this connection it is worth
noting that Immediately after his
conference with Mr.. Byrnes. Mr..
Molotov made important concessions
regarding Trieste. This may have
been a coincidence, but the chances
are that it was not. In any case, the
meeting of the two. though held in
secret, obviously has not done vio-
lence to the principle of open cove
nants. On the contrary, it may have
done much to accelerate the writing
OF treaties. Personal diplomacy of
this sort, far from being Machiavel-
liam, can be wholesome. The goldfish
bowl is not an end in itself.
Evening star., 1946-11-27
Miss Perkins and MIR. Flemmins
,ro the Editor of The star.

+
To the Editor Of The Star:
/ was somewhat startled to read the
article In the Sunday Star of November
IL when it was called to my attention, in
which the headline was that Miss Per-
kins Opposes Flemming on Some Issues
for u. s. Employees
Since neither Mr.. Flemming nor I
have the slightest consciousness of hay-
ing been in opposition to one another on
any point, one wonders how the material
was gathered Mr. Flemming suggests
that some one In your office read
speech he had once made and compared
it with some statements that / had
made, although neither Of us ever con-
sidered any of the questions involved,
either in conference or correspondence
/ would like to make it clear that I
am not in opposition to Mr.. Flemming
nor he to me on any Of the subjects
mentioned Certainly both Mr. Flem-
ming's speech in Boston and any re-
marks that I have made make it clear
that Government employees are expected
to conduct themselves in manner be-
coming to an officer OF the Government
and gentleman. Certainly we both
agree with Mr. Justice Holmes, and both
OF us have quoted him frequently that.
whereas public employee policeman
In this se-has constitutional right
to freedom Of speech, freedom Of action,
he has no constitutional right to be d
policeman, and all public employees must
choose in regard to these matters.
Your editorial Of Wednesday, Novem-
ber 20, refers to the same materials.
and apparently has overemphasized the
significance Of the materials.
FRANCES PERKINS,
Commissioner.
the mate materiaI 0.a Was esthsred. % A vas sath-
Flssmmiinr and then then taxed with Miss. Perkins.
III the reporters understanding Of what each
OF them said wss faulty, The Star will be
clad to clarity the Misunderstanding. On the
basis OF Whist each then told him. neither
Miss Perkins nor Mr. Fiemmins can lonE
remain unconscious of the conflicting points
~
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1946-03-09
BuqGs Prosp@C
Carbon County,


tDonVefse COWmtYJ
Continenfal-whitezide No. IS
NE 9-33-7e
finch set 4319. at base of Lskota.
Contineneai-E. A. Humphreys No. 40
NV SW NE S-33N-T6W
Location
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1946-03-09
Explanation
OF Symbols

10 save Exxxss anzm@roas ayznb0As are
nsea kn sssese WyonatHx weAi rep0xzn.
Her~'s whas shsy neHns
BOPD---hawwmss of Oh wer Gay.
BOPM--karrseas os Ola pe* hemr.
B& a W---b@D&x sediment mMd wa21x.
D.E.T. or DST---esrzfH s4eas sess.
haERT--mawin@ I'm rotary foods.
M0CT--1Sssn& on eabke foods.
PB or P.Bs--piaExea back,
RUKT--R{gxfnx ~ Rotary tools.
I'D. or Tfk--&osai 6eysh.
W0E--waisimx CA e@Tn@m&
WORT--wssftng on rotary e@0As.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1946-03-09
Church Buttes Wildcat Sets
New Rocky Mountain Record

CASPERAs had been expected the wildcat of the Mountain
Supply Co the Church Buttes structure in Unta county
has punched ahead Rocky Mountain depth record
with hole made 800 feet exceeding the depth of feet
reached by the Texaco Co. joint wildcat the Wilson
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1946-03-09
River Dome
(Washalkie CountYl

Pare OM No.
NWL 1S-4S-D2
DIST at 727O 80 # in Frontier, showed
for 5000 M wet gas. Some H6-gravlty
condensate recovered. CExnentsd 8 VI I'm
pipe at 1895. Top Muddy 8117. DIST G260
showed 5000 NJ gas and zoo bhis. con
9O63. Cored 1O,O1o-10. 025 rec. r. 6olo-
Cored iO,026-10. cas-. rec. q n. section,
mite limestone, sulphurfc ocsor. porous.
doiomite, non-porous, sui hur odor.
Cored 10, ,O74, rec. ri. lime, show
gas. Cored 10,074-10,0 OTIS, rec. n. cherry
dolomite, no show. Corec good sstura-
ton, 10,280 to 1O,306. Corning near top
Slight saturation In Embar, 9e7S. Drill
ing past 10000.
Pare Oh No.
NWA 12-4892M
Setting 1Oinch. s25o; drilling past 1000.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1946-03-09

Sund Drew
(HSs sertmss Ce@ntya
sana Draw oa Cs~Sa#s ssma Dsaw Unas
sW NV sw aasaNssw
Standing. ems
s's sE& i ssi
Drilling rat hols.
S0rufoQ0
(Cark0m Coumsyl
Reserve Msaks~ No.
c sw sw 1z-lsfs-s6w
Standing. 5se6-
Shuwnse Wzldcxs
Converse Cowm4yl
Csw NV zs-ssN-ssw
inches dark c@rbonacsous ahale. Re
cem@ntsd with eco seeks at SS24. I'd.
5000.
Sheridon Prospect
(sheridan CoamsyD
Texaeo-Rerses Ne.
Set on Inch pipe At 7OOo: drilling. 1890
Skull Creek
Weston Couneyl
ss~~s.u a uss.n-s So
r SUI NM Ns9vu
Shosvsng ssss sssssusrsess.zsa sv.y1 n, M,,fs<sV
sand 9sza asssa T@~sin@. r ~ aS1@ pn
1885,
a "a VS.
00UKM byron Z E@s0
(Bix Horn Cesnsy)
nv Nr aS'sss-asw
I'D, e0aT; p.B-, 2T16
SR@UC@ Dome
-
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1946-03-09

Transeal- r. No. z
NE 11-1e-104
DIST. 4075-s7, open 20 min. rec. bbls.
oil. plus drilling mud; DIST 61eo-76. 1000
NJ gas; cored e107-e2o5, made fun recov-
cry slightly porous sand; DIST e1sS-e2o9.
5000 NJ It. gas. Tensleep topped. e162.
Completing, I'd, e423.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1946-03-09
Rock River Dome
(AIbany County,

hio-Harrkson q Cooper No. 10
Sec. &-1G-78
Moving out drilling tools, $500.
Ohio Harrison q Cooper No. IL
SW SW 2-19-7S
MIRT. (FIRST REPoRT)
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1946-03-09
Oil Mountain Field
(Naxr<nma Csommfwl

(Natrona County,
Texac0-Csark No.
NE NE sw 3B-s3N-s2w
I'd. s41e; P.B- 1875. Testing. Averag
ing 17.B bbls. oil per day; 1& water.
Oregon B0sin-
Park County,
Ohio-Baston y No. 8
NV NE NE e-60-1O0
I'd, Abb. P.B., $500. Testing.
0hio-Bzssen %. No. s
NV SE SW 6-B0-IO0
I'd. 4065. P.B., 3803. Testing.
Ohio Wilson n No.
NV SW NV 9-6O-100
I'd, ALSO. Testing.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1946-03-09

Wasaech- Coughiim No. 3
NV 28-16-77
I'd, 1910. Whipstockil
1926; re-driliing, $500.
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1946-03-09

kEEWk&0M6 N0AMByg
stmesaiF~ Dmhoan Umig No.
NE NE 11-42N-l0TW
Top e m b ar, POSI-. water only. Rig
burned, 1888. p. B., 2160. Swahbed 90 30
in "a hours Tops (correctedl, Emhar,
207S; red shale, 241S COMPLETION.
Swanoed % 30 in "a hrs. Fluid Iuwea,
Montana oil and mining journal. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1931-1953, 1946-03-09
Crooks Cop

Fremont County,
Cemexml- Pes. No. 79~1e-P
Sec. ls-2eN cav
Installing production
inch st 5254. CONFLICT
30 LIST "a hours.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-04-08
VETERANS LIGHTHOUSE

Important notice to vets who
wish to enter school: Do not regis
ter for entry into a school until you
have first secured your ''letter of
entitlement" from and have cleared
through an office of Veterans ad-
ministration. Failure to do this will
result in a delay in getting your
monthly subsistence checks. Do not
fail to do this.
Gen. Bradley has promised the
UFWA that new department, the
division of personnel relations, will
be created to handle all employe
problems in Veterans administra-
ton. The new division will operate
as separate function apart from
the personnel office, concerning it.
self solely with with the individual
problems of the employees.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-04-08
attorney Dickerson Protest Exclusion OF Negro
Lawyers To Probe Army Courts Martial Trail

CHICAGO, Apr. 8 (ANP)-Ex-
clusion to Negro lawyers to probe
court-martial injustices was pro-
tested here by Atty. Earl B. Dick
erson, president of the National
Bar association, in a letter to Secy.
of War Patterson. Members of the
American Bar association have
been invited by the war depart
ment to inquire into army courts
martial procedures.
II submit that this is tragic
mistake" Dickerson's letter said.
"The American Bar association
does not admit qualified Negro
lawyers to membership. Thus, the
organization you have selected to
inquire impartially into a matter
of vital Importance to all Ameri-
cans, is by it's very organization
completely untitled for the i'm
portant task assigned to it,"
Dickerson pointed out that, ac-
cording to war department fig,
ures, II percent of all American
soldiers convicted of military Of
fenses during this war were Ne
groes. Wherefore, a segregated
group that has never exceeded 9h
per cent of the total strength of the
army contributed this dispropor-
tionate percentage to the number
of recorded offenses. Obviously,
one of the most important consid-
erations before any investigative
board inquiring into army justice
is whether or not soldiers who
stand accused of offenses receive
fair and impartial trials.
"There is no likelihood that this
will be inquired into by group ap-
pointed by the American Bar asso-
citation" the NBA president said.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-04-08
Re11ueen The Zi>.eA
MaBy Dean Gordon B. HGmcocks

m b. HGncOcIc
gro veterans are being rebuffed on
every side. The doors of job op-
portunities are being slammed in
the faces of our brave sons who
have just right to expect better
things of their country. Many of
the skills the veterans acquired
must be junked if these young men
are to earn their daily bread. I'm
fortunately, the federal govern
ment which opened opportunities
to these higher skills is not in posi-
tion to compel private industry to
purchase these skills and so the Ne
gro veterans are left suspended be-
tween the things they want to do
and the things they have to do to
earn their daily bread. The failure
of the FEPC cause made such eco.
nomic doom inevitable. It all
amounts to a great Disillusionment
In some cases which have come
to our attention the returned vet
erans are refusing to cast aside
their finer skills to return to their
former economic inches in the com
munity. They are determining to
sit it out. But there is grave doubt
that by sitting down they can break
down the iron curtain hostile
forces have raised. It would be ex
ceedingly unfortunate if veteran
were so determined to get some
thing better than he left something
good pass on to other hands.
However it may hurt our pride
to admit it, in the last analysis sur
vival is a matter of what we mus
do as we'll as what we want to do
Our wants are one thing but grin
necessity may not take cognizanc,
thereof. Just how to break dowr
the iron curtain of economic dis
elimination is the pressing ques
tion before the Negro in particu
lar and the nation in general.
1t all goes back to the old doc
trine of the Double-Duty Dollar 81
long enunciated in this column. To
day the best jobs of Negroes arr
provided by the employment Of th'
Double-Duty Dollar. If these young
returning veterans are to be res
cued from their tragic plight, i
must be largely through the prom
ulgation of the gospel of the Dou
ble-Duty Dollar until the race il
economically converted. Some O.
our Scholars" have gainsaid TIN
doctrine but they have not to dat,
brought forth anything better
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-04-08

&ss&sass&$&By UeGn Cora
1t is doubtful if this country has
known a tragedy more depressing
than the Negroes disillusionment at
the conclusion of World War l. The
Negro soldiers fought valiantly
against dreadful odds to save, as
they thought, the world for de-
mocracy. When the war was over
even more violent pressure was ex-
erted on Negroes throughout the
United States. 1t seemed at times
that even the little that he had
would be taken away.
The cessation and immigration
saved what looked like fateful sit.
uation in that it left labor short
ages which Negroes were called
upon to fill at the north. Of course
this alienation came by the way OF
fortuitious circumstances rather
than by any genuine relinquish'
ment of white America of it's color
barriers. Negroes were forced tc
drink from the bitter cup of disil
Ilusionment and bitter indeed was
the hellish draught.
Baffled in his legitimate aspira
tions to share the democracy fol-
which thousands of his race mer
died, distraught at the increased
pressure applied by the white-su
premacists to preserve inviolate
the status quo, the Negro gallant
ly girded himself to the awkward
task of trying to fight hissway out
of the morass of moral calamity
that had overtaken him. Then came
World War IL.
He entered World War II dis
illusioned but hopeful that some
how he as one of the step-citizen:
of the nation might profit by thu
suffering which he shared in full
measure. He went a little higher ir
the counsels of the nation; bu
whether it was to fall a little lower
in the period of Disillusionment Il
remains to be seen.
If as Churchill has alleged Rus
sia has thrown curtain Of iror
secrecy about most of eastern Eu
rope. America has thrown abou
the cause of race relations an iror
curtain of intimidation and laisse,
faire that is disheartening to ser
Ii Gus m n d e d interracialists
throughout the nation. If inter
racialism cannot help in this crue
period of the Negroes disillusion
ment II, then we may as we'll close
shop!
It has come about that the Ne
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-04-08
ENROLMENT IN NEGRO
SCHOOLS REACH PEAK YEAR

1\u1VVkO NhbANu1 i hbAN LIAM
WASHINGTON, Apr. 8 (ANP)
"A peak enrolment in Negro col
leges and universities throughout
the country has been reached, ac-
cording to recent survey conduct
ed by Dr. Martin D. Jenkins, rep
resentative of Howard university's
department of education.
One hundred eight institutions
report a total of 43,868 resident
college student during the fall term
of the current school year, includ-
ing 41,741 undergraduates, the
survey revealed, which is an in
crease of 16 per cent over the same
term of last year. Almost all insti-
tutions reported a gain in enroll
ment over last year, DR.. Jenkins
said.
Although some gain in male un-
dergraduates is reported, male stu
dents constitute only % per cent
of the total, whereas in pre-war
years they were about 45 per cent
of the total enrolment. Private
institutions represent 81 per cent
of the total enrolment, of which 62
per cent are in fully accredited in
stitutions.
The report, published in the
spring issue of the Journal of Ne
gro Education published by the
bureau of educational research of
Howard university, reveals that
Howard is the largest institution
reporting an enrolment of 3,087
students during the fall term of
1916, and 4,780 students during
the school year Of 1944-1945. Full
employment will result in expand
ing enrolment, DR.. Jenkins said.
Widespread unemployment will in
evitably bring decline in the num-
Der of youth attending institutions
of higher education. A typical in
stitution has an enrolment of only
80 students, the survey reported.
An appreciable number of dis
charged war veterans are return
ing to colleges for further educa-
ton, DR.. Jenkinssaid. Eighty-seven
institutions report total Of 1910
veterans of college level and 663
of below college level enrolled un-
der the vocational rehabilitation or
CT Bill of Rights, as of Nov. 1,
1915.
Enrolment in graduate and pro-
fessional curricula totaled 2,127
students during the fall term of
1915, and 1907 students during
the full school year of 1914 and
1916.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1946-07-20
LAWRENCE MARTIN

LAWRENCE MARTIN was
fired from so many jobs in his
native Windy City that he finally
took his battle scars and his wife
to Mexico and South America,
where they have been living,
travelling, and free-lancing for six
out of the last seven years.
After II years of teaching at
Northwestern University, Presi-
dent Snyder forced him out be-
cause of an allergy to his ideas
After serving as book editor of
Esquire, and associate editor and
associate-initiator of the Inflated
Ken, he was eased out together
with Meyer Levin and Harvey
O'Connor, on the suspicion that
all three favored the newly or
gained union in the Esquire
Coronet-Ken offices. In 1943, Mr..
Martin was relieved of his duties
as chief editorial writer on the
Chicago Times for publicly at
lacking the Trib's Col. McCor-
mick as homegrown fascist at
civil liberties union meeting.
He is living temporarily in
New York, writing magazine ar
ticles and experimenting with a
historical novel, American back
ground, of his own.
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1946-07-20
FAST

- cowing the electorate by
/ Threatening to close down fac
tories and calling in farm mort
cages and notes in case Altgeld's
candidate got in.
y II y
AFTER this defeat Altgeld
made a last effort to buck big
business and put the people in
power by running as an indepen-
dent candidate for Mayor of Chi
cago. He was disastrously beaten.
He saw more clearly than any
one else that this time he had
been beaten not by corruption
but by the desertion of those who
needed him most.
Tired, i'll, licked, he kept on
| fighting for hopeless causes, and
died few years later with his
boots on. He suffered a fatal
stroke while speaking in Peoria
in defense of the Beers - to
whom England was doing then
what she lately has done to the
|Spaniards and the Greeks.
That, in quick resume, is the
story of Altgeld, man whose
| life was the taking of one beat
| ing after another, and learning
from each one. He took a terrible
beating worse than Roose-
|velt's from the machine of
SANDER and foul vilification own
ed and directed by the Men VINO
Do Things. He took beatings
from Bryan, Mark Hanna, and
finally from the people to whom
| he had rededicated his life.
HOWARD Fast, who tells a
story not by being historical
novelist of the fancy interior
decorating sort but by getting in
side his characters and Selling
1.-THE essence of events, shows on
many moving page the conflict
that was Altgeld's life.
First, there was the conflict of
the poor and ignorant boy with
a hard world he did not under
The Chicago star. (Chicago, Ill.) 1946-1948, 1946-07-20
By NJ. MEYER

CHICAGO means railroads.
More than $500 miles Of tracks
criss-cross the city, from the
great Proviso yards to the track
mazes of the Southwest Side.
OF all the freight transported
in the United States, 10 per cent
either loads or unloads in Chi
cago. More than $4,000 Chicago
ans are railroaders.
No wonder that Chicago mono
polists consider railroads as their
financial plum. And there is
hardly a big financier, banker,
industrialist in Chicago who does
not own "a piece" of one road
or another
DURING the war, the railroad
monopolists MIXED the American
people for millions of dollars and
plotted to extend their power.
And all this under the federal
supervision" of the Interstate
Commerce Commission.
The war was financial god
send to the railroads. From 1871
1915, they garnered a net profit
of more than three billion dol
lars, an eight-hundred percent in
crease over profits of 1936-1940.
Needless to say, railway wages
practically stood still during this
period.
How were the roads able to do
it?
FIRST, the giant banking
houses of J. P. Morgan and
Kuhn, Loeb retained and consol-
idated their rule as chief railroad
magnates. AS Arne Wiprud,
chief of transportation in the
Antitrust Division of the De-
partment of Justice, wrote last
year:
mo force, not even govern
ment itself, has yet been strong
enough to stop the destructive
banker rule of the Nations
railroads"
To protect their" investments,
the bankers keep rates high,
service poor, new inventions out,
and suppress any competition.
They do this not only in railroad,
but also in water, motor, and air
transport.
FOR example, the Railway Elk
press Agency is owned 1000 by
70 railroads, all of whom are in
terested in suppressing air trans
port competition. To do so, it is
necessary to force air express
rates so high as to discourage
shipping that way. And this is
exactly what happened, even dur
in gthe war.
Railway Express forced the
airlines to agree never to charge