davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-10-03
Military Troininq Plon

Being compromise, the universal
military training program an
nounced today by the War Depart
ment is not so strong as the one
which the Army vainly urged Con-
gress to approve last year. All dur
ing that battle the Army contended
that a minimum of one year OF in
tensive training was necessary to
qualify young man for military or
naval service in time of national
emergency,
It is regrettable that the War De-
partment should have found it nee
essary or expedient to retreat from
it's once firmly held position. There
can be no doubt that the new plan
makes considerable concession to
the opponents of universal military
training. Although described in the
official release as one-year train
ing program, it will, If adopted,
probably work out primarily as
six-month training program, plus
six months of service in the Ma
tional Guard or Reserve. Actually,
the plan calls for twelve months OF
training under the Army only IN
the case of youths who fail to enlist
in the Guard or in one OF several
college training courses, or who do
not enlist in the Army or Navy. The
probability is that the majority will
elect to join the Guard or the Re
serve, where they will receive only
part-time training for six months.
Under the May-Gurney bill of last
year the trainees would have been
required to serve in the Reserve a
minimum of six years, after taking
a full year of basic military training
under tutelage of the Army.
Otherwise the new program is
substantially like that originally
proposed. In modifying the pro-
gram the War Department was
mindful of the difficulties 1t encoun-
tered with draft and military train
ing legislation at the last session OF
Congress. Experience after World
War I shows that the further the
late war moves away into history,
the simmer will be the chances OF
obtaining congressional approval of
an effective universal training law.
President Truman no doubt had
reference to the lessons of the past
when he wryly warned West Point
ers recently that the time may come
when things military will be far less
popular than they are today. If 1t
is true that the American people
once again will ignore the disasters
of unpreparedness, the Army is only
being realistic in modifying its pre-
vious training program. The COM
promise program surely is the least
that future security demands.
Evening star., 1946-10-03

Because Of misconception Of "sav-
ings" in War Department expenditures,
the intelligence services are being cob
webbed.
Today, more than ever, the armed
forces must have far-seeing eyes and
long ears. The American ground and
air. forces have been drastically cut.
The Government and the people Of the
United States were SO convinced after
vi day that the world had entered an
era of lasting peace that they hastened
the demobilization OF our forces to
point where our security Is now
jeopardized.
In q nonmilitary minded country, in
teliigence during the periods between
wars is even more important than large
military forces which can be modified
to defend the nation provided ample
warning is given.
We managed to organize the most
formidable force in the world within
less than a year after Pearl Harbor,
principally because we had SO many
allies who managed to carry on until
we got ready. With the advent Of new
technical developments. no nation in
the future will have as much time to
get ready. According to some military
men, sneak attack may be decisive
If there is another war. The nation
which strikes first will have more than
nnomentary advantage.
II \
Military intelligence has been mod
ernized as much as warfare itself. The
question of spying on the possible ag-
gressor's military personnel and the
available war material is less important
today than comprehensive study Of its
economic, political and industrial po-
tential. It is important to know If
would-be enemy has several million men
under arms, but 1t is far more important
to know what its factories, its labora-
field Of modern equipment: how the
population will react to another armed
clash, what the stockpiles OF food and
raw materials may be and whether the
system of communications can carry
out the tasks OF modern warfare.
This requires large and competent
personnel, which we do not possess at
this time In fact, the American intelli-
gence service Is far behind that Of any
OF the remaining major powers. This
is not due to the lack OF men, but to
the lack Of funds. Only recently the
War Department was required by the
Budget Bureau to make drastic cuts in
the MIS- military Intelligence Serv-
ice), which has brought this stepchild
OF the Army to about 40 per cent Of its
prewar strength.
The drastic reduction has come at
time when international insecurity Is
Evening star., 1946-10-03
Fifteen

She pears the grace OF iCtndy daDodals
That Gid the shadoiDs OF an April lea,
And as she trips along her laughter trills
Like Hnnets ,oarbling In the cherry
tree.
She travels lightly and NTH simple art
From earth to clouds. and childish
tears are rain
OF healing ,pater falling on her heart
Relieving her OF soon forgotten pain
And then, at tea she sparkles in a trock
OF borrowed dignity, beside the door,
Expecting him but blushing at hts
knock
Her playmate Uhom she kneto since
she tpas four.
A little cirl-and yet, the satin sheen
OF ,co1s0a,s mantle gIoscs upon fifteen.
MONICA TYLER BROWN.
Evening star., 1946-10-03
This Changing World
By C. Consfanfins Brovn

at its peak and 1t is considered essential
for our national defense to be fore
warned about whatever dangers may lie
in our path.
The War Department knows, for In
stance, that the Russian armed forces
are being brought to . new high; that
many German scientists are working
day and night to develop and perfect
many technical weapons which Hitler
was not able to produce during the war
because Of lack of time or raw materials.
We know that after the Potsdam Confer
ence Russia was given four Of the latest
types of German submarines and We also
know that they are manned and COM
manded by members of the former Ger
man Navy. But we do not know how
many submarines OF this type are being
built in the Soviet navy yards.
We have heard that the Russian gov
ernment. yielding to the request Of the
high command, has returned to the
Russian occupied zone in the Reich
many Of the factories which were re-
moved to the U. 8. 8. r. after We day.
We have learned, without detail, how
ever, that these factories are back in
full commission and working "a hours q
day with their old engineers and fore
men. But We do not know what and how
much they are producing. We know that
the Russians are exploiting the uranium
deposits at Joachimstahl in Czecho-
slovakia. How much is being produced
and where the raw material is being
transported Is question mark to our
military intelligence.
4
Tho y,rrv%ox. r.t ttnr 10, fI,a
United States cannot estimate even how
great lease-lend stockpile the Russians
still have. We have sent to the U. S. s. r,
enormous quantities Of war supplies
which include everything from bombers
to K-rations. But actual detailed figures,
for some unknown reason, have not been
put at the disposal OF the War Depart
ment. Apparently they were destroyed
before the military men had a chance
to get all the figures which are SO essen
in the intelligence estimates.
Thus handicapped by the lack of CO.
operation within the country and de-
prived Of essential funds to send we'll
trained observers abroad, the American
national defense today Is without ears
and eyes.
There Is less hesitation on the part of
the civilian authorities who are con-
trolling the purse strings Of the War De-
partment to allow large sums Of money
for matters which are less essential
But there are no funds to provide that
intelligence service with a necessary
minimum to permit a comprehensive
study of what the ."other fellow has,
thus forestalling the possibility Of an
other Pearl Harbor.
Evening star., 1946-10-03
Mr.. HuII's Fuith

It is a sad thing that Cordell Hull,
as he attained his @75th birthday
yesterday, was too seriously stricken
to be able to deliver in his own voice
the statement he had prepared for
the occasion at the request OF many
old friends" But though he himself
was weak and weary. his statement
had in it the strong. affirmative
spirit that was one of his outstand-
ing characteristics in the days when,
as Secretary of State and father
of the United Nations" he was in
the forefront of the fight for Just
and enduring peace.
AS the statement truly declared,
this is "one of the most perilous
junctures in history'-a time of
widespread international political,
economic and social instability,
time when the victorious inter-
Allied wartime coalition seems to be
falling apart. But if these danger
Gus conditions and tendencies" have
led others to despair of building
better world. they have not shaken
Mr.. Hull's faith that man will not
fail his fellow men," AS always,
although recognizing the possibility
that his hope may never be fulfilled,
he still takes the affirmative view;
he still believes that a good peace
can and will be established If
peoples and governments alike-and
here he makes a solemn appeal
particularly to the United States,
Great Britain, Russia, France and
China-keep constantly in mind
that unless they act unitedly, in
ternally and externally, they may all
drift into an "incalculable disaster"
Against the background of current
events, Mr.. Hull's outlook may seem
to some to be a wishful clinging to
the idea that If one breaches the
virtues of cooperation long enough,
cooperation will eventually be
forthcoming. Actually, however, Mr..
Hull has based his faith on some
thing much more substantial than
that. He has based it on the sound
assumption that all nations of con-
sequence must be fully aware that
another major war would be in
describably catastrophe and that
such a war may well engulf them
unless they work closely together in
mutual confidence and respect. In
other words, although the points of
difference among them "have tended
to loom far larger than the incom-
parably broader areas of their COM.
mon interests" those common inter-
ests especially the common In