davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-04-21
Bv Harold J, Laski

FLORENCE, Italy.-This is being
written from Florence where I am act
ing as a fraternal delegate from the
British Labor party to the first Italian
Socialist Congress it has been possible
to hold since the advent of Mussolini
to power.
I want to reserve my comments on
the congress and its proceedings until
after it's conclusion, but we made long
detour by road from Milan to Florence
and we have talked with leaders of the
Socialist party, Pietro Nenni, Ignacio
Silone and Giuseppe Saragat. We have
discussed the trend of events with scores
of workers and businessmen. I want
to report here on the impression have
of Northern Italy.
Here it is obvious that the workers
have recovered their self-respect. There
is a resurgence everywhere of demo-
cratic feeling and an anxiety to discuss
and an insistence on the great part
and it was a great part-that the work.
ers of Northern Italy played in the
defeat of Germany.
Every little township has its roll of
dead who fought as Partisans against
the Fascists and Nazis alike. Every
little township, as well as the big cities
like Milan and Turin and the lesser
towns like Pisa and Pistoia, exhibit their
grim ruins either bombed by the Allies
or destroyed out of sheer malice, too
often nv the rptreat atjno Germans Ia
Spezia, the great naval port, its harbor
almost completely broken in pieces and
wrecks of great battleships in the harbor
still, lying there like hideous beasts
awaiting burial.
The cost of living is immense; few
live really adequately save those who
can afford to buy on the black market.
The housing shortage is desperate and
far worse, I think, than anything we
confront in Britain. There is good
deal of unemployment, especially in the
Evening star., 1946-04-21

aeronautics to textiles, have gone abroad
in this search for enemy "know-how."
Even to list the important discoveries
our investigators have made would take
volumes. The Germans were far from
our equal in some fields, but in others,
where they concentrated their scientific
talent to discover substitutes and labor
saving devices, they excelled. Here is
just a sampling of what we have learned.
Take condensers, for example. Usually
consisting of strips of metal foil Separ-
ated by insulation, they are vital part
of every radio and radar set. The Rob-
ert Bosch plant at Stuttgart made them
by spraying vaporized zinc on paper,
producing a condenser which was 40 per
cent lighter and 20 per cent cheaper
than We could make And they would
operate on higher voltages, because their
construction gave them unique self
healing" feature.
We knew all this because the German
patent was on file in this country. But
when manufacturer was licensed dur
ing the war to produce the condensers
he failed-the industrial know how"
was missing.
Radios, Records Improved.
American investigators located the in
ventor of the process in Stuttgart,
quizzed him and packed up a sample of
his lotion brainchild to send to this
country. AS result, your radio will be
cheaper and better
Our men found something novel in the
way of monographs. The Germans had
discarded the conventional wax disk;
were recording magnetically on a metal
lied plastic tape. A 50-cent reel of this
tape will run for an hour, giving high
fidelity reproduction. And since there
is no needle wear, the recording will last
practically forever.
In the field of heavy industry, perhaps
the most sensational discovery was a
new German technique for working
metal. In this country, to shape bomb
fuse, for example, we would run a billet
of steel through dozen different proc
esses to cut threads hollow it and shape
it to the design required.
The Germans were taking the same
steel billet, putting it in a press and
giving it a terrific bang. Out came the
finished fuse-in one operation!
The principle, not a new one. is called
cold eXtrusion. If you slap your hand
down on mud pie, you know it is going
to spatter. Metal workers had been us
ing that principle for years, only they
guided the splattering metal into form
which shaped it. We did it with soft
metals-toothpaste tubes are made that
way. But it couldn't be done with steel,
we said-the metal is too tough; wouldn't
splatter.
May Revolutionize Industry.
Then our investigators, their eyes
bulging out. discovered the Germans
were doing it with STEEL The Germans
saved untold man-hours and were turn
ing out results as good as our elaborate
ly machined products This process
alone, if it has as many applications as
Evening star., 1946-04-21
May Revolutionize Industry,

Then our investigators, their eyes
bulging out. discovered the Germans
were doing it with steel. The Germans
saved untold man-hours and were turn
ing out results as good as our elaborate
ly machined products. This process
alone, if it has as many applications as
Evening star., 1946-04-21

(See HANLON, Page ca
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-05-19
PROPELLER CLUB
TO HEAR ADMIRAL
Address Will Feature Local
Observance OF National
Maritime Day

An address by Rear Admiral
Felix Leslie johnson, USN, as
sistant chief of Naval personnel,
will highlight an observance of
Maritime Day here next Wednes-
day by the Propeller club of the
United States, Port of Whining
ton, Robert M. Williams. local
president, announced yesterday.
Invitations have been issued to
small number of persons out
standing in matters of port de-
velopment throughout the state to
attend a dinner meeting at the
Cape Fear Country club at 2
o'clock Wednesday evening, at
which time Admiral johnson will
speak.
Arriving here Wednesday morn
ing, the high-ranking Naval officer
will also speak at the Wilmington
Kiwanis club luncheon that day.
Admiral Johnson plans to leave
here Thursday morning.
Although no other local Maritime
Day celebration has been announ-
ced, merchants are expected to
display American flags in the
downtown area as in past years.
May % was proclaimed Maritime
Day by order of President Tru-
man.
A native of Aberdeen, N. c., Ad-
miral Johnson attended high
school in Warrenton and the Uni
versity of North Carolina before
his appointment to the U. S. Naval
Academy in 1916.
Commissioned In 1919
Graduated and commissioned
Ensign in June, 1919, with the
class of 1920, he subsequently pro-
gressed in grade until his promo
ton to Real Admiral on Oct. 10,
1943.
A veteran of campaigns and SER
vice in the Asiatic and South
American areas prior to World
War II, he was commended by
the Commander in Chief, U. S.
Pacific fleet for services during
a part of his command of the U.
Continued on Page 5; Column p
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-05-19
CANDIDATES FILE
EXPENSE REPORTS
Preliminary Expenditures
Of "a Aspirants Show
$2,166 Spent To-Date

New Hanover county candidates
for nomination in next Saturday S
Democratic primary to-date nave
spent total of So, ,166.7O for cam
paign purposes. according to pre-
liminary expense reports filed with
A. L. Meyland, clerk of superior
court it was revealed yesterday,
Represented in the total are fill
inc fees, advertising and travel
expenditures of "a out of a total
of a. candidates who have sub
mitted reports to Meyland.
The candidates, offices which
are being sought, and individual
expense reports, are as follows:
L. T. Landen, board of education,
S.; C. v. Mcdaniel, sheriff, $150.2O;
J. C. Roe. board of education, S.;
H. F. Hufham. meter adjuster'
500; E. A. Laney. board of educa-
ton, S.; NJ. M Register, Harnett
township Justice of peace, So; w.
(Cnntinued on Pare Three; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-05-19
LARGE 0FF-YEAR
VOTE EXPECTED
Hundreds OF N. c. Candi-
dates Carry Campaigns
Into Home-Stretch

RALEIGH, May 13-P)-Hun-
dreds of candidates for nomina-
tions in next Saturdays primary
carried their campaigns into the
omestretch today with indications
of one of the biggest off-year votes
in history.
While the absentee vote of mem
bers of the armed forces is expect
ed to be very light, according to
Secretary Raymond Maxwell # the
State Board of Elections, hotly
contested local and congressional
races will attract an unusually
high number of persons to the
polls. There was possibility today
that total vote in the state would
approximate the nearly 100000 cast
in the 1914 presidential election.
Congressional contests, in every
district but the Third, Fourth,
Ninth and Eleventh, have waxed
exceedingly warm during the last
few weeks, and county and legis-
lative races have added fuel to the
political fires.
Whereas labor groups have not
publicly and -..litedly endorsed un-
quaiifiedly any candidate, labor is
said to be in favor of Rep. John
Folger in the Fifth district, and
C. B. Deane, s~o'-'''o the nonina-
lContinued on Page I; Column 3
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-05-19
Labor Code Changes
Agreeable To T run1an
Large japanese Mob
Calls For More Food

TOKYO, Sunday, May 19-
(P)-A crowd estimated by mil
itary police at between 1885,
600 and 10000 demonstrated
before the central gate to the
Imperial Palace compound to-
day, demanding immediate dis
tribution of more food.
Members OF labor unions,
the Communist party and other
left-wing political factions
sprawled over the parkway of
outer palace gorunds. Banners
and speakers called for in
creased rice rations.
Representatives of the trans
port workers organizations
were among those bearing ban
ners reading down with Yosh-
ida"-referring to the conser-
vative government being for
med by Japan's new Premier,
Shigeru YOshida.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-05-19
!, : $. Submits
s. s : $4nco Report
10 UN Body
Said To Deal With German
Assets In Spain And
Country's War Power
PROBE POLISH CHARGE
Security Council Delegates
Expect Reds To Boy
colt Iranian Case
BY MAX HARRELSON

NEW YORK, May 18-REThe
United States today submitted to
the United Nations a voluminous
report which an informed source
said contained information of
"great importance" to the secu-
rity council subcommittee inves-
tigating Franco Spain.
The contents of the report were
not disclosed, but U. S. delegation
sources said it consisted of g.
page general document and Is
alta achments, which altogether
made up an exhibit between eight
and 10 inches thick.
Much of the material previously
had been published, but an infor-
nnant who would not be identified
said it contained more new mate
rial on the Franco regime than
the subcommittee had received
up to now from all other sources.
Several Subjects
The main document was said
to deal with the following sub
jects: German assets in Spain,
Germans in Spain, Spanish wal
potential efforts of Franco Spain
to penetrate the American re
publics and the Franco Regimes
reactions in relations with the
United States.
A spokesman for the U. S. dele
cation said some points on which
the subcommittee requested In
formation still were being studied
urgently by the State depart
ment and that other. documents
would be presented.
The subcommittee has until
May 81 to complete its investiga-
ton on Poland's charges that the
Franco Regime is threat to
world peace. So far it has received
documents from Russia, Great
Continued on Page Seven; Col. y
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-05-19
GOV. CHERRY ACTS
IN DRAINAGE ROW
Directs Winter Park Peti-
ton To Highway Commis-
sion For Early Study

Petition of Winter Park Gardens
residents seeking relief from dam
aging conditions has been directed
to the State Highway commission
by Gov. R. Gregg Cherry, cores
pondence received from the State
Chief Executives office indicated
yesterday.
An inclosure in a letter from the
governor to James S. Hall, Winter
Park sponsor of the petition, dis
closed that the governor had re-
ferred the matter to ], A. Bridger,
state highway commissioner from
Bladenboro, for early investigation
and action if the problem is a
state one.
The governors letter to Commls-
sioner Bridger said, in part:
Enclosed you will find a petl-
ton, together with newspaper clip
pings, relating to a drainage condl-
ton in New Hanover county. This
controversy seems to be of long
II suggest that at first opportu-
nifty you investigate this matter and
take your chief engineer or some
other official to see if the RESPONSE
| Continued on Page &: Column 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-05-19
Sale OF War
Housing 9 Units
Planned Here
Machinery Set In Motion
To Dispose OF 1858
Permanent Dwellings
SALE BY PROJECTS
Federal Authorities Ar
ranging Sale Of Lake
Forest, Vance

Machinery has been set in mo-
ton for the sale of 1853 family
dwelling units of Federally- owned
permanent war housing at Lake
Forest and Maffitt Village, it was
Disclosed yesterday.
The hou. ing, consisting OF all
Lake Forest, 1,058 units, and the
&c. wooden units comprising the
Vance section of Maffitt, will be
offered first to priority holders for
30 days. and if not taken by one of
these. will then be offered to the
general public.
l.. R. Hanson, repre- nting John
p. Broome, regional director of
the Federal Public Housing Au
thority, was in Wilmington for two
days. Tuesday to- Thursday, max
ing plans for the sale. He is the
FPfA's assistant regional direc-
tor for real state and disposition.
Hanson said none of the hous-
ing will be offered for sale as in
div;dual units, because it does not
lend itself structurally to such dis
position. All of the units will be
SOLD on their present sites, rather
than for removal, and will be Of
fered in sections, or projects. rath-
er than as single units. This is in
conformity 18th the recommends
tons of the local Advisory COM
mittee on Disposition of Public War
Housing, established by the city
and county governments and head
ed by E. L. White.
HiIlcrest Reserved
Hanson said the housing to be
sold will comprise all of the perma-
nent Federally-owned war housing
in the community except Hillcrest,
ZIG units, Negro, which is being
reserved for sale to the Housing
Authority of the City of Whining
ton for conversion to low-rent pub
lie housing The remainder OF
the federal houses here, consisting
of 2. 962 temporary units at Maffitt
Village, is scheduled for removal
Or demolition, and some it is now
ii process of being .2ken down and
moved to other localities for re-
erection as temporary housing for
veterans of World War II.
The first actual step in disposl-
ton Of the 1,8J units to be sold,
Hanson said, will be to secure an
Continued on Page Three; Col. II
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-05-19
District Rotary Meeting
Preparations Completed

Program plans for the ninth an
nual conference of the 18Th dis
trict Of Rotary International at
Wrightsville beach May % to May
"a were announced yesterday by
the Wilmington Rotary club, host
to the eastern North Carolina
clubs of the district.
Approximately $50 persons are
expected to attend.
Registration for the conference
will open at $50 p. m. Wednes-
day in Ocean Terrace hotel, con-
ference headquarters, and two
hours later the first event of the
conference - fellowship dinner
for the Rotarians and Rotary
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-05-19

Virtually all traffic operations
of the Atlantic Coast Line rail-
road system came to a stand
still late yesterday afternoon
as operating trainmen ceased
work pending official notifica-
ton from their brotherhoOds of
the five-day postponement OF
the nationwide rail strike.
Not unSil after 8 p. m.-five
hours after the strike had been
called off pending further nego-
tiations-did the first of the
Coast Lines passenger trains
begin moving. By 11:05 p. M,
passenger service had been re-
sumed throughout the entire
system, although at the same
hour freight and yard traffic
was just beginning to move
with crews coming back to
work.
It was shortly after $3.50
o'clock last night before two
trains originating in Whining
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-05-19
TRUMAN APPEALS
President Confident Furth7
er Progress May Be !
Made In Bargaining

WASHINGTON, May 1o.- O.G =
President Truman, in an eleventh
hour appeal, today won a five-day
postponemenr of the nationwide
railroad strike and announced that
negotiations in the d e d o ed
wage dispute would be resumed to-
morrow.
He told hastily summoned news
conre. ence it was hoped the nego-
tiations would lead to an agree
inert that would turn the postpone
ment into a permanent settlement.
Mr.. Trunan's dramatic an
nouncement of the postponement
came just two minutes before the
4 pm. deaGlin. for the start of a
crippling walkout that was to have
spread, hour by hour, across the
nations vast network or rail lines.
Matter of Minutes
1t adverted by matter of min
utes what undoubtedly would have
been the worst transportation crisis
in the nations history.
Mr.. Truman disclosed that at 8
pm. EST-just one hour before
engineers ard trainmen were to
have started their Walkout = he
appealed to Presidents A. F. Whit
ney CT tn railway trainmen and
Alvanley Johnston of tae locomotive
engineers.
AT 1874 pm. EST, he said, he
received an affirmative reply.
He said Whitney and johnson will
fly mere tomo1 row to resume nego-
tiations with railroad management
representatives. The negotiations
were broken off Thursday when the
carriers rejected compromise
proposal by the unions and insisted
they would not go beyond settle
merit terms suggested by Mr.. Tru-
mans fact-finding board.
Federal seizure of the lines was
ordered by Mr.. Truman Friday.
But even as the original pm.
strike deadline approached, there,
was no evidence that the engineers
and trainnen would consent to
(COntinued nm Pape Seven. Col ~
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-05-19
RailwayNegotiations
T0BeResumed Today
Rail Service Affected
In Louisville Section

LOUISVILLE, KY, May 1S-
Pl-Trains began departing
from Louisville tonight after
a temporary tie-up while union
officials awaited word from ma
tional headquarters to postpone
the railroad strike.
/ Charles j. McClain, chairman
/ of the Brotherhood of Rail
road Trainmen, said he was
notified nearly four hours aft
er the strike was scheduled to
start to send conductors, brake
men and other trainmen he.
to work. Judson N. Hatcher,
general chairman of t h e
brotherhood of Locomotive
Engineers, previously had di-
rected engineers to return to
their jobs.
The temporary stoppage
caused cancellation of a late
afternoon train to Washington
on the Baltimore and Ohio sys-
tenn. Other routes reported
train service was resumed, al
though several trains were late
in leaving Louisville.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-05-19
CHURCH ASSEMBLY
DELEGATES NAMED
Six From Wilmington Pres
bytery To Attend S6th
Session At Montreal

Six Wilmington Presbytery com
his5oners are scheduled to attend
the 66ta session of the General
Assembly o. the Presbyterian
church in the United States, which
viii open Thursday night in Ander-
son auditorium, Montreal.
They are the Revs. R. H. Poole,
Ellzaoetatown; William Grove,
Dr., Wilmington; C. c. Myers, Del
gado church, Wilmington; and
Ruling Elders P. S. Carr, Clinton;
J. M. Taylor, Pearsal Memorial
church, Wilmington; and Earl A.
Bender, Myrtle Grove church, Will
mington
Aternates to the commissioners
are tn Revs. C. R. Gleason, White
vlAs; j. M. Smith, Faison; John D.
Macleod, Carolina Beach; and
NqEng Elders C L. Brady, Coun-
ril' {. 0. Bollinger, Willard; and
Z, L. Derrick, Chadbourn.
iS General Assembly will be
composed CT approximately $50
Aected commissioners, represent
Aig tie ministers and ruling elders
u each of the eighty-seven Presby-
yelle5 Others expected to attend
VIII Representative from the ex-
ecFcVe gencie< of the Assembly,
NNeln9efs OF Assembly committees,
ana othe1 visitors bringing the to-
ID Aunher 10 about 500.
I've Eev. I. K. Young. D. D.
pastor # ldlewild Presbyterian
Gnu en-, Memphis, Tenn, retiring
nloaefatdr, viii preside at the open
Nig session ard deliver the opening
Selihen. TIE moderator for tai
.94'-i1 fiscal year will be elected
''e hrs hight, and the genera
Non'lnued on Page S; ColumA l,
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-05-19

report to the nation on it by ra-
die Monday night.
Returning with him were his
two advisers from Capitol Hill,
Senator Connal1y' ID-Tex), chair
man of the foreign relations COM
mittee. and Vandenberg R-Mich g.
leading COP spokesman on inter-
national matters.
Connally told a news conference
that he would report to the senate
Wednesday on the conference. Van
denberg is expected to speak to the
senate Tuesday after Byrnes' Mon
day night talk.
Connally said in formal state
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-05-19
Continued on Page Z; Column

WASHINGTON, May 18- H'
Secretary of State Byrnes report
ed to President Truman for two
hours today on the Paris confer
ence of foreign ministers-wnlch
failed, to settle the peace OF Eu-
rope but, in Byrnes' view as re-
ported by associates, did not fail
completely to advance the pros
poets for settlement.
The secretary, returning by ar
at 1926 am, Eastern Stansaro
Time, today, hurried to the Wnite
House to tell his chief about the
Paris session which had recessed
Thursday until June Is. He WILL
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-05-19
HAS LIMITATIONS
Reported Opposed To Any
Drastic Restrictions On
Unions, However
BY JACK BELL

WASHINGTON, May 18-(R) =
President Truman was represented
on Capitol Hill today as being will
ing for Congress to make some
changes in labor disputes laws, but
opposing any drastic restrictions
on unions.
Legislat tors who. have discussed
the matter recently with Mr.. Tru-
man said he expressed the hope
that any action Cognress takes
will not be such as to force him
to veto the resultant legislation.
Despite the difficulties the Presi-
dent has had in attempting to
bring about settlements in con-
troversies between fnahagemert
and unions in major industries,
none of his Capitol Hill friends
thinks he has altered the friendly
attitude he maintained toward or
ganized labor while in the Senate.
Would Veto Restrictions
For the reason, they say they
have no doubt that the President
would veto any restrictions he felt
would lay too heavy hand on the
activities of unions. But they ado
that thus far Mr.. Truman has not
said which of pending Senate pro-
posals he likes or which he dis
likes.
The matter repeatedly was dis
cussed at some length at this
weeks meeting of legislative lead
ers at the White House. Mr.. Tru-
man was represented as having
listened attentively while Demo
cratic Leader Barkley Kyo ex-
planned what is before the Senate,
but as having offered no sugges-
tions of his own.
Remarks by Secretary of Labor
Schwellenbach at an Atlantic City
meeting of the CIO steelworkers
Friday was taken generally on
Capitol Hill as a clear-cut indlca-
ton that the administration is not
weakening the political ties it mas
maintained with labor unions.
Schwellenbach urged the ClO
group to expand it's already con
siderable political activities DE,
claring that it has "a duty anu
responsibility" to improve llvins
standards for the whole WORKING
class, as well as the unions them
selves. :.
If the administration attitude Is
,Cx.J paoa Y. Column 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-05-19
Bwnes Believes Farley Advanced
Prospects For Peace Settlement

ment that substantial progress
had been made at Paris which,
it was believed, would help the
next meeting on June Is to agree
upon treaties.
Some of Vandenberg's friends
report that he considered the Paris
meeting pretty largely a failure,
but he declined public comment
at the airport.
The White House session was
entirely secret but some inform
ants suggested that Byrnes PROB
ably told the president that things
were not as bad as they might
Continued on Page Seven; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-05-19
SERVICE DISRUPTED
BY DELAYM GETTING
NOTICE TO UNION MEN
AG Schedule Upset
Bv Strike Confusion

ton-No. 435, the 4:35 p. M, to
Fayetteville, and No. A. the
7:15 to Rocky Mount-moved
out of the ACL depot. Mean
while, scores of passengers
many of them servicemen
alarmed over the prospects OF
being AWOL from their duty
posts s-made themselves COM
Portable in the stations walt
ing room, keeping an eye out
for notice of departure.
The Wilmington yards OF the
company were at a complete
shutdown for more than five
hours, despite the fact that
Brotherhood officials had
agreed at 3:34 p. M, yesterday
to postpone the strike deadllne
for another five days. And 1t
was the same story up and
down the sprawling ACL sys-
tenn from Richmond to jack
~, paue Seven. Col.