davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-03-07

Winston Churchill, Britain's war Prime
Minister, is no pussy-footer. In his
Westminster College (Mo) speech sug-
gesting close military alliance between
the United States and his country, Mr..
Churchill said fiatly what so many have
hesitated to say: What they (the Soviet
RusslanS) desire is the fruits of war and
the indefinite expansion of their power
and doctrines" This, in the opinion of
Mr.. Churchill, is the Russian aim. He
prefaced his statement with an assertion
he did not believe that Soviet Russia
desires W" If he is correct, however,
in his estimate of Russian desires the
implication is they will achieve their
ends even if they have to go to war.
Mr.. Churchill has put his finger
squarely on the fear which has re-
Gently dominated the thinking not only
of the British people but of the peoples
of other nations-including many Amer
leans. His proposal to meet the situa-
ton is not appeasement of nor merely
plain speaking to Soviet Russia He
does not propose balance of power"
to keep the peace-but an over-balance
of power to keep Russia from seeking
to dominate the world with its power
and its doctrines-i. e.-the combined
military power of the United States and
the British Empire.
1t is noticeable that Mr.. Churchill,
throughout his address, insisted that
the hope of a peaceful world lies in the
United Nations. Again and again he
returned to this theme His insistence
was that the United Nations could be
strengthened immeasurably by a con-
slant and close cooperation of the Eng
disappearing nations-always within the
principles and framework of the United
Nations Charter which pledges justice
to all peoples, large and small
Immediate reaction to Mr. Churchills
proposal among many members of the
United States Senate-which has its
part in American foreign relations
was directly in opposition to his pro-
posal, on the ground that an alliance
between this country and Britain would
invite retaliation from Russia and
weaken - not strengthen - the United
Nations. And that, so far, is the an
swer in this country to Mr. Churchills
alliance plan. Senator George, Demo-
crat, of Georgia, former chairman of
the Foreign Relations Committee, said:
Il think it would be body blow to
the UNO." However, another important
Evening star., 1946-03-07
Our Note to BuIooriu

Although the State Departments
communications to Soviet Russia
on Iran and Manchuria attract
greater degree of public attention,
its communication on Bulgaria is
likewise an important diplomatic
step. Coming as it does, simultane-
ously with the other two, the Bull
garian communication is obviously
part of a general policy aimed at
clarifying our official position on all
points which directly or indirectly
concern our relations with the Soviet
Union.
Bulgaria is the most fragrant in
stance among the European states
under Russian control which have
not fulfilled the terms of the agree
ment made between the big Three"
at Yalta and subsequently reaff1rmed
at the Moscow meeting of Foreign
Ministers in December, 1945. Under
those diplomatic instruments, the
liberated countries of Europe were
to establish governments freely
elected by democratic processes and
participated in by all political par
ties not affiliated with the Axis prior
to the liberation of the countries
concerned.
1t is a matter of common knowl-
edge that, with the exception of
Finland, none of those countries un-
der Russian influence has genu-
inely met the terms of the Yalta
and Moscow accords. Nevertheless,
America has extended more or less
reluctant recognition to the regimes
established in Poland, Austria, Hun
gary, Romania and Yugoslavia. In
Bulgaria, however, not even a pre-
tense Of compliance with the Big
Three specifications has been made.
With the approach of Russian
armies during the war, revo-
lutionary regime established itself
in Bulgaria, headed by veteran
Communist leaders, some of whom
had lived long in exile at Moscow
and had played a prominent role in
the Comintern. Backed by Russian
bayonetS. this regime has arrogated
to itself all power, has killed or i'm
prisoned the leaders of opposition
parties, and has attempted to le-
galize itself by elections" which are
an utter travesty of that much
abused word.
The State Department has refused
to accept the subterfuge and has
therefore withheld diplomatic recog-
milton from the existing regime.
The Departments position is made
clear in the document known as an
aide memoire" handed the Bulgari-
an representative in Washington.
This note requires the participation
OF truly representative members of
opposition parties in the so-called
coalition government now in power
In Bulgaria. That is clearly the mini
mum basis upon which we will ex-
tend our diplomatic recognition.
Previous moves by the State Depart
ment have been met with defiance
or veiled threats by Sofia. Now, an
official spokesman says that Sofia
looks to Moscow for friendly ad-
vice" The nature of that advice will
indicate not only what we may ex-
pect from Bulgaria but also what
Moscow's attitude will be to our en-
tire policy toward the Soviet Union.
Evening star., 1946-03-07

There are only two raw materials to
be considered at present; uranium and
thorium. The prospect of using any
other element. for the production of
atomic bombs may at present be dis
regarded.
The authority to inspect must include.
Cd Free access to all mines producing
uranium or thorium; (2) authority to
inspect adjacent terrain and to make
geological surveys; 90 right to travel
through any country without hindrance:
"a access to air fields for purposes of
making inspection flights and main
tenance OF inspection planes; (5) right
to take air photographs and to maintain
laboratory facilities for all necessary
purposes; (6) right to maintain inter-
national guards at key points.
The starting point of any inspection
system must be a summary of the
uranium and thorium resources of the
world, both in materials actually in
hand and in potential production. Major
uranium production is now confined to
the United States, Canada, the Belgian
Congo, CzechoSlovakia and Portugal
though some uranium in workable guam
titles is found in England, Australia,
Sweden, Russian Turkestan, and at one
or two other points in Russia. The
principal source of thorium (three-quar-
tiers OF the worlds supply is in Travan-
core, India; the monazite sand which
yields thorium is also found in Brazil,
Australia, the Malay Archipelago and
in the United States.
X 4
International inspection of atomic raw
materials must cover three separate
areas of operation: Cd Inspection at
known uranium and thorium mines; ca
inspection of mines where these miner
ais are produced as by-products; 60 de-
lection Of new discoveries. The Carnegie
Subcommittee considers that inspection
of all known mines can-if given ade-
quate authority by all the countries con-
cerned-be carried out by a force OF
not more than 200 international inspec-
tors, including engineers, assayers, ge-
ologists. surveyors, photographers, physi-
cists, pilots, translators and guards. By
products inspection would present GER
tain additional complications but would
not add materially to the size of the
force required.
Their conclusion: It can be done
granted an adequate political foundation
of agreement. But "if the political con-
tribution is not adequate, the alternative
is possible atomic warfare"
fderald Tribune syndicats)
Evening star., 1946-03-07
Word to the Wise
Prom the Port Washington lN. Yl Repo

Mans most important task is to form
the right habits and eradicate harmful
ones. 1t is our business to fashion or
shape our willpower and its uses as a
blacksmith shapes iron. Life is not
pleasant for those who fail to do it.
To be submerged in the deep waters of
mediocrity, amounting to nothing, a
mere cog in the machine, controlled by
some one else, is not to live a human
existence. Seize opportunity. It is all
around you. No great genius is needed
merely the will to get hold and keep
hold,
Evening star., 1946-03-07
To q Hero-K-Nine

I let you go, nor dreamed that yoa
,Dould change,
You, loutng meadotp hedge and
friendly tDays,
But no,o / see they are 20 far and
strange,
And distant from your stumbling
puppy days.
You, ,oeH trained to hunt more cunnino
game,
Eat from your mottled bo,ol upon the
n1Gt,.
Yet start and Quiuer ,phen I call your
name;
No longer ,ral you chase the topaz
cat.
But spring wiH speak once more .
greening ,0ord,
And quail toiu ,phistle In the lednino
whedt;;
Then toe shall seek old friends in stream
and bird,
Finding the narrotD trails OF small
t0ild feet.
And some day, ,Dhen call you from
the door,
You t1iu come leaping, barking
home once more.
rs ALMA Robson HIGBEK 4
Evening star., 1946-03-07
Atomic Energy Control
By George Fielding Eliot

The basic problem of the control of
atomic energy is political problem.
Can We set up national and inter-
national machinery to control this ter
rible new force and harness 1t for peace
full uses while establishing effective
restraints against its use for the destruc-
ton of our civilization? This is a po-
itical matter, both in the domestic and
the international fields.
Yet the scientist has a part in de-
termining the outcome. He must tell us
what is necessary, what is technically
possible and what is technically imprac-
ticable. Within the limits thus estab-
lished must be taken the political de-
cisionS which will make or break our
hopes of peace and security.
One of the first and most important
steps in this process is to determine
whether system of international in
spection can be set up which will make
a real contribution to world safety.
Here the statesman must ask the sci
enlist certain preliminary questions:
What must be subject to inspection?
How can the inspection be carried out?
What facilities, what personnel, what
authority will be needed in order to
make the inspection system work re-
iably?
A good deal of thinking is being done
along these lines, and now we are be-
ginning to get few answers. Not all
the answers, but few-and so far
those answers are encouraging. Take
this question:
Can we have a workable system for
inspecting raw materials capable of
being used for atomic processes?
Yes, say the experts of the Carnegie
Endowment for international Peace
yes, provided that we are willing to
give the inspectors the necessary rights
and authority.
The Carnegie endowment has COM
mittee on the control OF atomic energy
which has been working on this problem
of inspection, as being the very founda-
ton of any system of. international
atomic control. It has subcommittee
to deal with inspection of raw materials,
of manufacturing plants, of legal and
economic problems, and the overall po-
Itical problem. Obviously inspection Of
raw materials is the first step. The sub
committee on that subject Is composed
of mining engineers, geologists, mineral
ogists, and other specialists-men who
know what they are talking about.
Here's what they ~:
Evening star., 1946-03-07
Erunco-Chinese Treaty

1He treaty recently signed at
Chungking between the Chinese and
French governments marks an i'm
portant step in clarifying the rela-
tions between the two countries.
Such clarification was long over
due and had become even more
timely in view of complications that
had arisen during the war period.
Broadly speaking the agreement
provides for the evacuation of Chi
nese forces from the northern part
OF French Indo-China in return for
a general liquidation of French
extraterritorial and other special
rights in China proper.
The extent of Frances position in
China has seldom been realized,
Besides the extraterritorial rights
enjoyed by France in the old Chi
nese treaty ports" alongside other
foreign powers, the French had &C
quired broad sphere of influence"
In Southern China during the phase
of aggressive western imperialism
toward the close of the nineteenth
century when it looked as though
the decrepit Manchu empire was to
be carved up among the European
great powers. This French sphere,
adjacent to its colonial empire in
Indo China, embraced the Chi
nese border provinces of Yunnan,
Kwangsi and the western portion
of Kwangtung. Two important rail-
roads, financed by French capital,
penetrated the sphere, while France
acquired a long lease on the fine
harbor of Kwang-chau-Wan, on the
Kwangtung coast near the large
island of Hainan, which was likewise
earmarked for French influence and
economic penetration.
The trend toward elimination of
foreign extraterritorial rights in
China which began during World
War I and was accelerated by Chi
nese patriotic pressure for the abro-
cation of unequal treaties" met
with stubborn French opposition.
BY 1943, when Britain and the
United States renounced extrater-
ritoriality, France was left the only
power maintaining them, albeit such
rights had become academic with
Japanese occupation of all the
treaty ports.
Meanwhile, French power had COL
lapsed not only at home but in Indo-
China, which had likewise passed
under Japanese control. The subse-
quent collapse Of Japan left Indo-
China prey to native nationalist
movements for independence which
threatened anarchy. With French
assent, Chinese troops entered the
northern Indo- Chinese province of
Tonking, which had once been a
Chinese protectorate and where Chi
nese cultural and economic influ-
ence had always been marked. This
constituted potential threat to the
re-establishment of French author
ity, especially since the Chinese gov
ernment and people made no secret
of their sympathy with Tonkinese
aspirations. The new Franco-Chi-
nese treaty ends Chinese occupation
Of Tonking, although there may be
more flareups before it is effected,
In return for an abandonment of
al special French rights and privi-
Evening star., 1946-03-07
Psychiutric Research

Although mental illnesses are far
more prevalent than many diseases
which are the subject of intensive
research, medical science has de-
voted relatively little attention to
concerted study of the cause and
cure of diseases of the brain. 1t is
with view to filling this gap in
medical research that the United
States Public Health Service, the Ma
tional Committee for Mental Hygiene
and other organizations are urging
passage of bill to establish in
Washington a national neuropsychi-
atric institute, stated by outstand-
ing experts on mental disorders.
Surgeon General Parran. in sup
porting this legislation. told a Sen
ate subcommittee that whereas, for
example, public and private agencies
are spending approximately 500 a
year per patient on research and
treatment in the field of infantile
paralysis. the estimated expenditure
per year on behalf of each mental
patient averages less than a dollar.
Yet poliomyelitis does not incapaci-
tate nearly so many persons each
year as mental ills do, DR.. Parran
pointed out. The proposed national
institute would contain not only
comprehensive laboratory facilities
but hospital beds for mental patients
whose ailments could be diagnosed
and treated under the most favor
able clinical conditions. Wars in
evitably lead to an increase in men
tai breakdowns. and the late war
was no exception. Specialists in neu-
ropSychiatry have learned enough of
these Ills to know that many of them
can be cured. but there is a crying
need for additional knowledge that
can be obtained only by adequate
study. The national institute would
fill long-felt demand for explora-
ton in the neuropsychiatric field.
AS such. it is project meriting the
earnest attention now being given 1t
at the Capitol.
Evening star., 1946-03-07

France and tying 1t up with Soviet
Russia, both politically and eco
nomically, through the establish
ment Of a "closed economy" like
that established in the Soviet Union
and in process of extension to all
countries under Soviet influence or
control. Such consummation
would be highly unfortunate for the
United States from every angle. 1t
Is on the Joint effect OF these eco
nomic and political factors that M.
Blum is presumably relying to get
the aid he seeks.
Evening star., 1946-03-07
Food Crisis

From the Bridgeport Post.
1t America must accept dark bread for
a while and thereby feed millions of
Europeans who would otherwise be far
below the nutritional level If not act
ually starving, it is a small price to
pay for Christian charity. AS a mat
ter of fact, most Of the health faddists
will say it's a good thing for us to
hepin with
Evening star., 1946-03-07
Born in the Red
the Amarillo (Tex.) Press,

From the Amarillo Tex) Press.
With the national debt now lowering
around the 300-billion figure. each child
born today owes s2,140. And the chances
are, unless Government expenditures are
cut lot more rapidly than it appears
they will be, that he, rather than his
fathers generation, will have to pay
that debt off. The thing that stands
out in the Governments financial report
Is that we haven't started to pay for the
war we just finished. We've all bought
bonds, but they just increased the debt.
Evening star., 1946-03-07

leges throughout China. Thereby,
the French sphere of influence" in
the south is liquidated along with
its anachronistic treaty port privi-
legeS.
Evening star., 1946-03-07
1t Amt Huy

From the Nebraska Farmer
1t is estimated that farmers in the
United States now have more than 10
billion dollars in extra cash above living,
debt payments and other Expenses.
Evening star., 1946-03-07

Great affairs commonly are man
aged by anonymous persons. For
instance, who decides whether a
Government bureau shall have 187,-
62l stenographers or 1852?
Evening star., 1946-03-07

Talking Of authentic geniuses,
wonder who invented peaches and
cream? Or, better, ham and eggs?
Evening star., 1946-06-30

hands and said, MY friend you're hero"
Paco stopped. What done?"
What did you do5 You saved me from a
jealous lover who was all set to dissect me
that's what you did Wow! don't have to
speak Spanish to understand how that baby
felt about me. He was pointing at me every
two syllables."
Eyes, but you no understand -"
Il understand plenty. And believe me,
Paco, I'm sure grateful to you. You pulled
me out of rotten mess"
But, Tex, you are equivocating yourself.
Seiior Gomez -"
BY this time Lynn had recovered enough to
interrupt Don't be 50 shy, Paco. You're
hero. Let it go at that"
But, Lynn, do just what you tell me
don't to do."
You're in the groove, honey. Let's go!'
''WAlr minute" Tex said. LET me make
one thing plain. From now on. Paco, you're
number one song plugger for my money, and
don't forget it. Any tunes you've got, want
'em. That's promise"
Thank you," Paco said dazed. You make
to me the delicious happiness"
Lynn was still fearful that Paco would
gum up the works before she had chance to
talk to him. She grabbed his hat and coat and
hustled him to the door. As they reached it.
however, Tex stopped them. Lynn held her
breath.
Tell me something, Paco," Tex said.
What made you decide to be song plugger?"
Paco smiled proudly. "A Cuban" he ex-
planned, always knows which side his broad
is buttered on The End
Evening star., 1946-06-30

Manuel Gomez stood for a moment, glover
ing. Conchita grabbed his arm. He shook her
off. Lynn stood gripping the back of chair.
Tex Gordan regarded the proceedings curl
ously. He said, who's the dark gink?'
Paco knew the party was over. He made no
attempt to avoid the issue. Must be boy
friend of Conchita from Mexico. He arrive in
New York today"
Suddenly apprehensive. Tex looked again
at the stranger. What he saw was far from
reassuring. Gomez was stalking across the
room, his eyes flashing with jealousy.
DO you think he'll make trouble?" Tex
inquired apprehensively.
Paco shrugged. As far as Gordan was
concerned, he was dead duck anyway. In
moment Gomez would sail into him - Paco;
and Tex Gordan would realize that Paco was
the person the Mexican was jealous of. 1t
meant that Tex would ruin him in his new
profession. In the face of such prospect,
Gomez seemed no threat at all.
Then Gomez spoke - harshly and vehe-
mently, employing choice bits of profanity
from his native Mexico. He pointed to Tex
- to that gentlenan's complete distaste -
and explained to Paco in Spanish that he
knew how Tex had brought Paco in to act as
his interpreter with Conchita. FL bobo este,
he sneered, pointing again at Tex, meant
nothing. 1t was Paco he was out to get.
Paco answered quietly. Gomez became
furious. And as the argument grew more
torrid, it was punctuated frequently by both
men pointing at Tex Cordan. . Suddenly
Gomez reached inside his coat.
Paco acted. A beautifully placed right sent
the Mexican staggering backwards, and the
knife clattered to the floor. Then Gomez
charged, and the to men traded punches
until Fernandez haymaker exploded flush
on the button Gomez cr,mpled.
lHEN startling thing happened. Conchita
sank down, sobbing, and gathered the bat
tered Seiior from Mexico into her arms. She
whispered to him in honeyed Spanish and
glared at Paco. Then she dragged Manuel
toward the door, turning first to hurl another
barrage of Spanish at her erstwhile translator.
''Phooey," said Paco in English. go fry
some asparagus"
But after the door had slammed, he turned
to Tex Cordan. "Caranba," he said helpless
ly. Nov you know what happen But make
to you the explanation. You see, l had prob
lem of the devil"
Tex was smiling. He took both of Paco's
81
Evening star., 1946-06-30

TIC HO lIiu Out, EdCO Sdlu HOuuly.
When she say he look like monkey, tell
him she say he look like player of football"
you mean you didn't explain how she
really feels about him?"
Il no can do that, Lynn. 1t would injure
his feeling" He frowned But maybe some
day he get wise Then he will be mad"
Il was wondering when you'd realize that"
And he will say take advantage of him
to steal his girl"
Steal his girl? What's this angle?"
That is why am sitting on the pineapple.
Conchita have fallen for me-"
Lynn didn't know whether to laugh or
throw something. She took deep breath and
explained patiently that Paco was about to
louise up a golden opportunity. when Tex
learns the truth, he's through with you. Also,
he passes the word round to other band lead
ers, and they won't give you break either.
Honest, honey, get so discouraged.
In THE days that followed, things got no
better fast. Tex's band was laying off for
two weeks, and the band leader insisted on
Paco's accompanying him to the Crystal Club
every night And whereas Paco might have
told Tex the truth at the beginning, it was
impossible to do so now. Conchita had caught
on to what Paco was doing, and regarded it as
wonderful joke to which she refused to let
the unhappy Mr.. Fernandez put an end
Then the situation became really compli-
Gated. Lynn first learned of it through hur-
ried phone call. rs me-" Paco announced.
Il have newses."
''Oh yes? Good, hope"
mo good. Foments itself problem
Whats wrong, sWeet?"
More trouble. With knife
What do you mean, with knife'?"
Manuel Gomez"
For heaven sake who is Manuel Gomez?"
The boy friend of Conchita from Mexico"
Lynn was alarmed. jealous Mexican
might act first and talk later. She said,
where are you now?"
You know where is Tony Frascati's place."
Sure
Il am here Also is Tex Gordan and his
orchestra. They are having jam section
''Sit tight" she said. "I1l be right over.''
Ten minutes later she paid the taxi driver
and followed the mournful wall of the Gordan
trumpet through Frascatis establishment to
an upstairs room which was bare except for
the orchestra and few chairs tossed about
in haphazard fashion. On one of these, looking
equally haphazard, was Paco. He stared at
Lynn gloomily, and said, You make the
great speed. You must be preoccupated."
''O course I'm upset. You're expecting
trouble, aren't you?"
He shrugged. Il suppose. But 1 no worry
about Sehor Gomez. worry about Tex.
When he discover that Gomez is jealous of
me instead of him, he will think have make
the double Cross
Forget Tex. I'm worried about Gomez,
and don't mind saying so. He might be
pretty tough specimen"
Paco became dignihed. What you think
am? A half of pint?"
''Wait a minnie sweet let me think Z" She