davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-01-21
Rupido and Anzio

In calling for congressional in
vestigation of what happened at the
Rapido River in Italy. at this time
two years ago, the seth Division
Association-many of whose men,
bers took part in the Inflated cross
ing attempt-has sharply criticized
General Mark Clark. The associa-
ton, however, has done this without
seeming to give any consideration
to such factors as these: First, that
Clark, as commander of the 5th
Army, was then under the over
all command of General Sir Harold
Alexander; second, that he was Or
dered by Alexander to. launch the
action in order to divert German
pressure from the initial Allied
landing at Anzio, and, third, that
had there not been this action the
troops carving out the Anzio beach,
head might have been annihilated.
In other words, though the cross
ing itself failed and cost many cas-
ualties, it may not have been as
unwarranted as suggested by the
action of the 36th Division Associa-
tion. Actually, of course, there have
been indications that the timing
of the Anzio move was i'll advised,
but once this hazardous beachhead
operation began the diversionary
Rapido thrust could be rationalized
as a logical related action easing
enemy pressure during the critical
landing period. There was more than
one such case during the war just
ended, and although errors of judg-
ment may have been involved, due
Evening star., 1946-01-21

It Is really tactless of the Iranian
government to suggest raising its case
before the first meeting of UNO. 1t
might, we are told, involve an embar-
RAISING discussion in the Assembly,
discussion which would get nowhere,
since the Assembly can only recon-
mend"-and it undoubtedly would in
volve Soviet veto, If taken before the
Security Council.
Thus state whose independence and
integrity are not only generally guar
anteed in the San Francisco charter,
but were specifically guaranteed by a
joint Anglo oAmerican-R Russian state
ment in Teheran, now faces dismember-
ment by one of the signatories to that
pledge, and threatens the prestige of
the world organization by suggesting
that its case be heard.
The Teheran statement said, "the
governments Of the U. S. A., and the
U. S. S. r., and the United Kingdom rec
ognize the assistance which Iran has
given in the prosecution of the war
against the common enemy. The
three governments recognize that the
war has caused special economic diff
culties for Iran, and have agreed to con-
tinue to make available to the Iran
government such economic assistance
as may be possible. :. With respect to
the postwar period, the governments of
the US. A, u S. S. R., and United King
dom are as one with the government of
Iran in their desire for the maintenance
of the independence. sovereignty, and
territorial integrity of Iran. They count
upon the participation of Iran in
the establishment of international
peace, security, and prosperity after the
war. in accordance with the principles
of the Atlantic Charter. ="
Now we are told the Iran government
is inclined to corruption and is not
progressive, properly democratic or what
not, all of which is possible but irrele-
want, since it is the same government
to which the pledge was given.
The object of the pledge was, of
course, to end the perennial status of
Iran as football of power politics be-
tween Great Britain and Russia. No
country ever has been. or ever can be,
well governed when it is an object of
great power loot.
NOW. every item of the Teheran pledge
is brazenly broken. An autonomy"
movement (shades of Czechoslovakia)
has been engineered under the aegis
of the Red Army, aiming to cut of one
OF Trans richest provinces $50 much for
economic assistance'D: the territorial
integrity is thus threatened, unless (as
in the case of the Sudetenland) Azerbai-
jan is to be used as center from which
Evening star., 1946-01-21

lem. Jews themselves would rightly
resent the suggestion that an African
home should be opened as an alternative
to Palestine. In fact, they refused
home in Tanganyika few years ago.
Nevertheless. the problem of Palestine
would be relieved by the opening of a
great new nation in -the-making in
Africa.
Meanwhile, Ibn Saud of Arabia and
Farouk OF Egypt have asserted their firm
Intention to keep Palestine as an Arab
state. Mr.. Bevin declares that he does
not want to propose for Palestine the
same trusteeship as that suggested for
the three African territories. He SAYS,
further, that Trans Jordan should be
set up as an independent state, which,
presumably, Is move to satisfy the
Arabs.
- 4
Herbert Hoover's idea Of drawing
Arabs away from Palestine by restoring
the fertility of the valleys of the Tigris
and Euphrates has apparently not ap-
peared in UNO discussions. But 1t should
be matter of immediate international
concern. Vast agricultural and CONNER
cial wealth can be created in that former
garden spot by the spending OF not much
over hundred million dollars. Such an
investment might make billions in dol
lars in wealth and save unlimited trouble
In the Near East.
Millions of people are moving about
with little guidance and scanty hope.
II the UNO is to capture the confidence
of the people, it must be more than q
Town Hall Of the World. No phrase has
been more unfortunate In describing the
function Of q world organization Talk
will not save anybody. Action, guided by
fine thinking, is what is needed.
(teleased By Associated Newspapers, Ins.l
Evening star., 1946-01-21
Letters to The Star
Tells How Mail to the Pacific
Is Delayed Outward Bound
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor of The Star:
Speaking of delayed Christmas pack
ages, 1t is realized, of course, that 1t Is
impossible to get mail to our boys in
the Pacific promptly, especially those
in the Navy, when they are on the
move all the time, but it does seem to
me that more of an effort should be
put forth to get mail through to them;
more so, in my opinion, than in bring
Ing their mail back to this country.
Letters from our son, who is in the
Navy and who has been in the Pacific
for almost two years. come through in
from one to four weeks, but our letters
to him, as well as our packages, rarely
reach him in less than three months
and sometimes longer. Last winter they
did not receive any mail from before
Christmas until the second week of
March, when they received most Of their
delayed Christmas packages. OF course,
the war was on at that time. However,
all of our sons packages have taken
so long to get through to him that he
has asked that we send nothing to him
unless he asks for it. In a letter he
wrote November 6, 1945, he said they
had not had any mail for three months.
Then, in letter written the last of
November, he said they had received
little mall at which time he received
package which had sent him in July
and another one which had sent in
August.
1t just seems that since their ship
Is being used to take Japs from China
back to Japan and Chinese and Koreans
back from Japan, and his letters have
been written from or en- route to the
same three ports for the last several
months, there should be no great trou-
BILE in getting their mail through to
them more promptly. In my opinion
this is very necessary to keep up the
morale of our boys so far from home,
and may be a contributing factor to
their present demonstrations.
ONLY A SAILORS MOTHER.
Evening star., 1946-01-21
Wants Resistance to CIO

To the Editor of The Star
During the past four years, this coun-
try of ours has been beset by war
with two races of people who had no
concept of what is meant by decency.
They did not do us any great amount of
harm as Nation due to the efficiency
of our armed forces.
At the present time we are very busy
holding trials of the defeated enemy,
criminals, many of whom are guilty of
the sole crime of obeying their superiors.
or OF being shot by their own kin. I do
not sanction the actions of the Japs or
Germans, but I do have some questions:
Did the Japs or Germans do us more
harm than the Communistic CIO? Do
we have to wait for another election to
beat down this menace to our method
OF life? Does not a businessman have
the privilege of free enterprise? Why
shouldn't a man in business have the
same privilege Of hiring and firing his
employees without answering to some
labor union?
I cannot believe that the ma jority of
the American people want to 90 this
way. They have had 13 long years
of corruption and strife. Let's start
looking for that constitutional type of
Government that men of the caliber Of
Saltonstall, Stassen or Byrd and their
hackers can give us. Let's put these
responsible men in a position to save
us from the same fate that Hitler and
the Japs had planned for us.
A PATRIOT.
Evening star., 1946-01-21
White House Expansion

Lorenzo S. Winslow, White House
architect, in radio talk yesterday
narrowed the prevailing discussion
OF his plans for enlarging the
Executive Mansion to the question:
Where shall the Nations chosen
leader do the major part of his ad-
ninistrative work, inside the White
House grounds or elsewhere? The
answer given by Mr. Winslow him
self is: Within the grounds of the
White House. His words, as broad
cast, were: "It is my firm belief that
as. long as the White House is the
Presidents residence the executive
Offices will be part of the White
House group"
Such a view, of course, would rule
out of consideration for all time
any and every suggestion for solving
the problem of needed space outside
the White House grounds. If ac-
cepted 1t would mean that President
Truman and each of his successors
would be obliged to put up with the
inconvenience of a constantly in
creasing confusion of residential
quarters, offices, lobbies, storerooms,
state apartments, kitchens, pantries,
laundries, ETC., until the physical
limits of the White House grounds
were reached. Every addition would
detract from the primary character
of the Executive Mansion as the
home of the Presidents and their
families.
When opinions similar to Mr..
WlnSlow'S were put forward in 1902
The Star urged an alternative solu-
ton which seems even more apt
today than at that time:
1t will be serious mistake if the
comparatively cheap structure now
about to be erected between the White
House and the triple department Estate,
War and Navy building should re-
main for dozen or a score of years
or more as the official working place
of the President. Architecturally the
effect is certain to be deplorable. The
huddllng of these three buildings into
such close conjunction will detract from
all of them and give the impression of
a parsimonious economy of building
space. The office building itself, if
erected on the more liberal scale of
appropriation now proposed, will be
absurdly insufficient in point of dignity
and beauty. Friends of the development
of the Capital upon national scale
and in harmony with fixed plans should
grasp the first opportunity to restore
to this structure its character as tenn
porary makeshift pending the early
provision of suitable presidential Of
fire
Evening star., 1946-01-21
The Assembly of UNO

FeFndpS Lne most important issue
being hammered out at the initial
session of the United Nations Or
ganization is the role of the Gen
eral Assembly. That role is being
strenuously debated, and on the
outcome of those debates much de-
pends. Procedures and precedents
are being established which may go
far to determine whether the AS
sembly is to evolve toward greater
prestige and authority or whether it
is to shrink into mere appendix
to an all-powerful Security Council.
When the UNO Charter was
worked out in San Francisco last
spring, this issue was vigorously
contested, but in the end the Sc
curity Council was given a COM
manding status, chiefly owing to the
insistence of Soviet Russia, which
would join on no other terms. Then
came the atomic bomb which
shocked a large section of world
opinion into the belief that the ex-
listing Charter had thereby been
rendered obsolete, especially in the
veto given the five big powers who
were to be permanent members of
the Security Council and thus not
amenable to UNO discipline. The
remedy was conceived in terms of
both the abolition of the veto and
enlarged authority for the General
Assembly. This contention has al
ways been supported by most of the
smaller powers, but has more re-
Gently been advocated by the Brit
ish Labor government, which openly
advocates Transforming the present
JNO setup into a security parlia-
ment" of the worlds peoples.
Against all this, however, Soviet
Russia Sets its face like flint. Fur
thermore, Moscow obviously dis
likes even the present role of the
Assembly as sort of world town
meeting" wherein issues can be
raised and freely debated, no mat
ter how controversial they may be.
This was made .abundantly clear in
the speech of Ambassador Gromyko,
who not only insisted that not an
iota of the present Charter should
be changed, but went on to warn
the Assembly, which he was ad-
dressing, of the "dangerous" nature
of allegations" made by "voices
from somewhere" criticizing the
present Charter and urging revision.
This, however, did not daunt repre-
sentatives of the smaller powers,
who reiterated their criticisms in
fortnight language and stuck to
their demands.
The Soviet attitude is as logical as
Evening star., 1946-01-21
Loan to Britain Resented


To the Editor of The Star:
The contemplated bundle for Brit
ain" in the guise of a $4,000, 600, 900
loan has been a concern for many vet
Grams.
We were not able to avail ourselves
of the easy money which was flowing
during the war years.
We were urged to buy War Bonds and
now urged to buy more bonds to main
tain the peace.
Most of us realized that bonds were
an inflationary hedge. What is hard
to swallow is that our money is going
to help nation whose words and
treaties are as valueless as the words
of Hitler (past and PRESENT..
Britain is constantly abrogating
treaties to its own nationals and we
know they intend to falter on this debt.
If Britain succeeds in her new arti-
flee to secure war savings funds after
her past sins, the Treasury can have
my bonds in exchange for listed Amer
ican securities. Let's apply the axiom
of capitalism, "The rich get richer and
the poor get poorer"
VETERAN NO. 3s74s5os.
Evening star., 1946-01-21
Nothing Too Trivial
BY David Laurence
From the Detroit News.

No small part Of the blame for the
present inability of Congress to get
things done lies with the rest OF us, at
home. Too many of us, in our attitude
toward our legislators, take the view of
the comic in the old sketch: The one
who said to the police ofiicer, you're a
public servant. Get me glass Of
water" The candidate sells himself n
a servant of the people, and to his dis
may finds himself taken all too literally.
No request these days Is too trivial to
put to Congressman, by mail, by wire
or in person. Matters which should be
taken up direct with Federal agencies
are funnelled through the ofices Of
overburdened representatives.
Evening star., 1946-01-21
Discusses Atomic Commission

Discusses Atomic Commission
To the Editor of The Star:
In setting up an Atomic Commission
UNO meets its first acid test as to
whether nations are willing to concede
part of their sovereignty in order to
better insure peace. If, as proposed,
they will submit themselves to effective
inspection long step will have been
taken
But, what if a violation is discovered,
how can enforcement measures be
brought? And are we to deny ourselves
the peacetime use of atomic energy be-
cause discovery of secrecy is thereby
made more difficult. The answers to
these questions indicate that amend
ments to UNO will be necessary.
Only by setting up a police force di-
rectly responsible to the military staff
of UNO can we achieve enforcement.
Only by doing away with the veto can
this enforcement be brought to bear.
And to give the Atomic Commission it
self sole control of all atomic energy
would require amendment
Great Britains statesmen are already
giving us the cue in urging amendment
The question remains: One world by
force or by agreement?
DAVID w. BENT.
Evening star., 1946-01-21

After vi day the Russian govern
ment insisted on and obtained a naval
base at Port Arthur on the grounds that
Russia had held lease on the base
before the Russo-Japanese War. More
over, 1t obtained Americas consent to
occupy the Kurile Islands. From the
economic point of view the Kuriles are
liability, but they can be Of the ut
most strategic value.
Thus, Russia has, without prejudice to
her pledges to cooperate in the main
tenance Of peace in the world, estab-
lished strong strategic frontiers all
about her.
Our position is similar. There Is not
the slightest doubt that the Govern
ment and people OF this country will do
their utmost to avert another armed
conflict. But in order to avoid the pit
falls which any nation must fear in the
present fluid state of security, American
strategists, now supported by a large
number OF Senators, are determined to
take all the necessary precautions
against another surprise regardless OF
how remote it might be.
k* ~
The barren coral outposts in the Jap
anese-mandated Bonin, Marianas and
Caroline Islands-together with a naval
and air base in the Ryukyus-cannot be
described as colonial possessions by any
stretch of the imagination. The ma
tive population is small and the eco
nomic value slight.
But as bases for the American war
ships and planes. they are of vital i'm
fn lafa
have, in fact, been Purchased by this
country during the Pacific war and the
price paid for them was the highest
any nation can pay-the blood of fight
ing men. Thousands and thousands of
American families have lost men who
fought at Two Jima, Peleliu. Saipan
and other Pacific outposts which our
statesmen in the past refused to make
into American bases because they sin
cerely believed permanent peace had
descended on the world
American military and naval men who
are great admirers of Russias realism
are urging our Government to take
leaf from the Soviet guide book, which
can be summed up as follows: cooperate
with all the other nations to keep
peace, but in the meantime keep your
powder dry and prepare your defenses
against any potential aggressor while
there Is time.
On the basis Of this sound principle.
the American strategists, backed by
large number of Senators, expect the
administration to remain adamant in
its demand that strategic bases in the
Pacific be controlled by the United
States without any international strings.
Evening star., 1946-01-21
No Mercy for Germans

To the Editor of The Star
I wish to express my complete dis
agreement with the action proposed in
The Star Tuesday by Ralph Baerman.
He proposes. that President Truman
take the same attitude toward the
Germans that Lincoln took toward
the South.
According to Mr.. Baerman, this coun-
try should send food to the starving"
Germans
How touching! But, doesn't he ever
read the evidence presented in the
Nuremberg trials?
AS twice-wounded veteran who had
two brothers killed by the Germans, I
say: LET them Starve!"
JOSEPH MARTIN.
Evening star., 1946-01-21
This and That
By Charles E. TraceDeH.
CHEVY CHASE, Md.

CHEVY CHASE, Md.
Dear Sir:
Some time ago seven birds few into
our yard. Two lighted in small elm
tree, the others walked about on the
ground.
They were a deep bright blue, a,
bright navy, I would call them-they
were darker and larger than bluebirds.
They appeared to be larger and
broader than robin.
THE breasts were Quaker gray; at
the throat was spot of blush or red
about the size of nickle. The wings
were dark gray.
They sat or stood with their heads
drawn down in their shoulders.
1T was rather a cool day.
Can you tell me what they were?
VERY gratefully, Ed"
Mourning or turtle dove is the best
we can do with this
There are not many birds with blue
on them hereabouts, and none to meet
this description exactly.
The dove sometimes has a blush tint
on the back, mixed with some brown and
black.
The dove is certainly larger than
bluebird, and larger and broader than
a robin
1t often perches with its head drawn
into the shoulder
The breast of our turtle dove is gray,
and sometimes is suffused with pinkish,
which might be regarded as "the size
OF MCKEE" If seen at some distance.
Doves often come in small f1ocks.
from half dozen to 40 birds in OUTLYING
sections.
Flocks of the latter size are seen
mostly in Arlington, Va
In Chevy Chase, Md, they USUALLY
come in much smaller groups, from four
to dozen individuals.
At one time we had half dozen doves.
They remained all winter, feeding amic-
ably enough with the other birds, with
one exception
They did not like the blue Jaws and
chased them away at every opportunity.
1t was impossible to regard them as
gentle doves" the common character
lzatlon, when they raised their wings
and charged with kissing at the rowdy
jays.
NO jay ever disputes with a dove.
Gentle or not, the turtle dove can more
than hold his own.
II y X X
Doves are relatives of the extinct pas
senger pigeon and peculiarly interest
ing because they look so much like them
in miniature.
The rosy breast is seen best in winter.
We will never forget the picture one
dove made perched on broken stub of
tree limb out the kitchen window.
He was very still. The morning tenn
perature was nearly down to zero. The
dove seemed fairly to glow in the cold.
The light was just right to illuminate
the rosy breast.
Doves are not very intelligent looking.
The head is small and the neck some
what snake-like. But they are far from
dumb, in any ordinary sense. They
manage to get along as well as most
birds, even holding their own against
the killing which is their lot in the
name of sport.
One winter we had feeding station
close to window and had an oppor-
tunity to watch pair of doves closely
We grew quite fond of them, in time,
able to overlook their somewhat odd
face.
The coloring was especially lovely at
close range This is true of practically
all birds. The closer they are seen,
the better the colors look Women, who
often shrink from Closeup" would
give great deal to know the secret of
the mourning doves sheer beauty.
The common name of mourning dove
comes from the ordinary call of the
bird. The name turtle dove refers to
the pattern on the back and sides.
Evening star., 1946-01-21
Museum Meadow Lork

One hundred years his song has been
A silence on the meadow.
He does not hear the toild birds cab
As seasons come and 90,
Unmarked BY starry flake or bud.
Time IS TOR him glass plateau,
Where in a crystal sepulchre,
His jetpeled feathers shoap.
UnruD1ed By the sudden rain
Or any minds that blo1c;
StiH as the hearts that turned That
spring
TO hear his bright-staDed aria rro,n.
ANNE WOOD MURRAY.
Evening star., 1946-01-21

1t has been remarked for CEN
turies that knowledge is dangerous
thing. but only now in the atomic
age has the full impact of the OBJ
servation been realized. Men have
found out how to blow the universe
apart. but they have not as yet dis
covered how to hold it together.
Evening star., 1946-01-21

The architect of the German
empire was Prince Bismarck and,
incredible as it may seem, these
were his words when he was old
and soon to die: "As to what you
say about my work: 1t looks great,
but after all it is of the earth and
Transient"
Evening star., 1946-01-21

In the days of the hobble skirt
people wondered If there could be
any invention more notably afro
cious. But they lived in advance of
the monstrosity known as the zoot
suit, and therefore may be regarded
as relatively fortunate.
Evening star., 1946-01-21

allowance must be made for the
necessity of calculated military
risks in delicate battle situations.
Looked at in this light, the story of
Rapido seems to have doubtful quail
if1cations as subject for special
congressional inquiry.