davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30
MurieI Steiner Bride
In Ceremony Sunday

Miss Muriel Steiner, daughter of
Mr.. and Mrs. Gideon P. Steiner, of
Bluffton, became the bride of Luther
A. Wiseley, son of Mr.. and Mrs.
George Wiseley, of Biglick township,
Sunday afternoon. The ceremony
was performed in the home of Rev.
Howard McCracken at Bascom at
1880 o'clock. The double ring serv-
ice was used.
The bride wore a powder blue
street length dress with black and
white accessories. The couple were
attended by Mr.. and Mrs. Richard
Wiseley, brother and sister-in-law of
the groom. Mrs. Wiseley wore an
aqua street length dress. Both the
bride and her attendant wore white
carnation corsages. The men of the
party wore white carnation bouton-
nieres.
A reception for members of the
immediate families was held in the
home of the brides parents after
which the couple left for a wedding
trip through the Great Smoky noun
tains. For going away the bride
wore a blue suit with black and
white accessories.
The bride is a graduate of Mt.
Cory high school and has been en-
ployed as cashier at the Central
Ohio Light and Power company in
Findlay.
The groom is a graduate of Ar
cadia high school and is engaged in
farming. The couple will reside on
farm in Biglick township.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30
Rites At Jenerd
For Mrs. Pner

Mrs. Sarah A. Pifer, 73, lifelong
resident of Van Buren, township,
Hancock county, died at p. m. Sat-
urday in the Bluffton Community
hospital after being in i'll health for
the last eight years.
The daughter of John and Will
helmina (ReeD Redick, she was born
in Van Buren township October Is,
1872. She was married on April
10, 1896, to Henry H. Pifer, who
died June IL, 1945.
Survivors include two sisters, Mrs.
Milton Marquart and Mrs. Andrew
Bower; and one brother, George w.
Reddick, all of Jenera.
Mrs. Pifer was member of the
Trinity Luthern church, Jenera,
where funeral services were held
Tuesday afternoon. Rev. Walter
Voss, pastor, officiated. Burial was
in the church cemetery.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30
Former Resident
Dies In Oklahoma

Mrs. Chester Johnson, 55, the form
er Gladys Gordon of this place, who
has lived in Drumright, Okla, for
a number of years, died in hos
pital at that place May II, accord
ing to word received here.
Her death followed an operation
for cancer. Funeral services were
held at Drumright and burial was at
that place.
Mrs. Johnson was the eldest
daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. J. E.
Gordon who lived on what is now
the Leichty farm in Orange town
ship about DO years ago. The fam
lily came here during the oil boom
and her father was pumper.
Mrs. Johnson and her husband were
here on a motor trip two years ago
visiting at the home of Mr.. and
Mrs. M. S. Stewart and other
friends. They were engaged in the
restaurant business in Drumright.
Surviving are her husband, one
daughter and two sons, one brother
and three sisters all of Drumright
Also surviving are her father and
mother now living in Tulsa, Okla
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30
Button High School Notes

Vice Pres, Lois Lehman; Sec,
Darlyn Garmatter.
Freshmen-Pres., Don Schmidt; v.
Pres, Mickey Gleason; Sec, June
Habbegger.
Sth Grade-Pres., Margaret STRAIT
ton; V. Pres, Mary Margaret Dun
bar; Sec, Louise Reichenbach.
Girl Reserves-Pres., Helen Burk-
holder; V. Pres, Mary Jane Burk-
holder; Sec., Marilyn Stratton;
Treas, Harriet Burkhart.
Hi-Y-Pres., John Althaus; "
Pres, James Howe; Sec.-Treas.
Kenneth Bracy.
Bucaneer - Editor-in-chief, Alice
r. Pannabecker; Business Manager
James Lewis.
Blue Triangle-Pres., Jane Risseri
V. Pres, Dorothy Leiber; Sec.-Treas.
Genevieve Burkholder.
News want-ads bring results.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30
Mayors Notice

Attention of parents is called to
the fact that minors have been dis
charging frecrackers and toy pistol
caps recently. This is violation of
the state law forbidding use or sale
and offenders are subject to severe
penalties.
Following is portion of the Ohio
statute effective August /, 1941, ap-
plying to this violation:
5904-6. Sale and use of fireworks;
fireworks defined. Except as here
matter provided, it shall be unlawful
for any person to possess for sale at
retail or to sell at retail or for any
person to discharge, ignite or explode
any fireworks as defined by this act,
within the State of Ohio.
The term fireworks" shall not in
clude toy pistols, toy canes, toy guns
or other devices in which paper caps
containing twenty-five hundredths
grains or less, of explosive compound
are used, providing they are so con-
structed that the hand cannot come
in contact with the cap when in
place for the explosion and toy pistol
paper caps which contain less than
twenty hundredths grains of explos-
i've mixture, the sale and use of
which shall be permitted at all times.
7 w. A. Howe, Mayor
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30
Orange TlUp. Sunday
School Convention

The Orange Township Sunday
school convention will be held Sum
day at the Riley Greek Baptist
church. Russell Ebay, president, and
Mrs. Orland Willeke, secretary, will
be in charge of the services.
The afternoon session, opening at
2 p. m. will consist of the following:
devotionals led by Rev. Thomas
Koontz; vocal solo by Mrs. Sylvia
Basinger of the Bethesda church,
and instrumental music by Rev. and
Mrs. Robert Turner of Riley Creek.
The address of the afternoon will
be given by Rev. Ernest Bigelow of
the Bluffton Presbyterian church.
The business meeting will consist
of the appointment of the nominal
ing committee and secretary-treasur-
er's report.
The evening service will be opened
at 7:45. 1t will consist of sing
spiration led by the Allen family of
Ada. The devotionals will be led by
Rev. Robert Turner of Riley Creek.
The singspiration will be inter-
spersed with special numbers from
the Bethel Church of Christ and
Olive Branch United Brethren
church as we'll as a vocal trio by
Judith, Rosemary and Joan Mont
gomery of Liberty Chapel.
There will also be a report of the
nominating committee. Rev. Lee B.
Remaley of the Bethel church will
give the benediction.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30
Lafayette

Fred Kline who has been station
ed at Camp Robson, Arkansas,
spent a week furlough with his
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Kline
Sr. Thursday he went to Veterans
Hospital, Dayton, to visit his brother
Robert Kline Jr., who has been
there several months. He left Sun
day for Kilmer, New Jersey.
Honoring Janis Clum on her ninth
birthday, Mrs. Fred Clum entertain
ed Wednesday in her home, Marilyn
Steiner, Sammy Hager, Edward
Koogler, Tommy Konkleman, Ken
meth Kline, Jimmy Long, Margaret
Faze, Jimmy Shaffer, Joyce Nc
Elwain, Evelyn Shulaw, Toby Den
ner, Denny Corey, Donny Shaffer,
Meredith Boyd, Gerald Shaw, Shirley
Anspach, Dennis Stoodt, Mary Ellen
Burkholder, Joe Morrison, Charles
Smith, Miss Elizabeth Guthrie, Mrs
Ned Shredes, Carol Sue Shredes of
Findlay, Mrs. Charles Weaver,
Karen Sue Weaver, Mrs. Loretta
Clum.
Mr.. and Mrs. Merle Mcclure and
family and Mr.. and Mrs. Chester
Patterson spent several days in
Michigan visiting relatives. -
Mrs. Ollie Wise of Lansing.
Michigan and Mrs. Nettie Cotner
were Friday guests of Mrs. Martha
Hefner.
Mrs. Louise Cloore spent Thurs
day and Friday with Mrs. Harriet
Downing of Lima.
Bette Lou, Johnnie and Freddie
Patterson spent the week end with
their grandparents, Mr.. and Mrs.
Harry Patterson.
Mrs. Nettie Cotner of Ada and
Mrs. Ollie Wise of Lansing, Mich,
were callers Friday of Miss Lillian
Desenberg and Mr.. T. w. Desenberg.
Friday evening Mr.. and Mrs. Rus
sell Hawk and children, Mr.. and
Mrs. Fremont McCague and child
rem, Mr.. and Mrs. Dorance Thomp-
son and children, Mr.. and Mrs.
James Thompson and daughters and
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30
Former Resident
Dies In Columbus

Mrs. Addie Zahrend, 81, early
Bluffton resident, died Thursday
morning at the home of daughter,
Mrs. Dwight Swisher in Columbus.
Death was due to infirmities.
She was the daughter of Mrs. H.
j. Call of Bluffton, by previous
marriage. Her husband, John Zah-
rend who died a number of years
ago was clerk for the late Frank
Scott who operated retail store
here some so years ago.
For many years the couple lived
in Leipsic where Mr.. Zahrend was
lumber dealer.
The body was brought to Leipsic
where funeral services were held
Sunday afternoon followed by inter-
ment at that place.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30
Former BIuftOn
Pastor Succun,bs

Rev. John Todd, Sc, former pastor
of the Bluffton and Rockport Pres
byterian churches died in Cleveland,
May 10, according to word received
here the first of the week.
Tn family resided in Bluffton
from 1902 to 1907 during which time
he served the churches of the Bluff
ton-Rockport charge.
He held pastorates in Ohio and
Michigan and retired from the min
istry fifteen years ago, the last IL
of which were spent in Cleveland.
Surviving are a daughter, Mrs.
Bessie Dollhouse and two sons, John
and William all of Cleveland and a
sister, Mrs. Jennie Mussin of Bay
City, Michigan.
Preceding him in death were his
wife, two daughters, Mrs. Carrie
Schifferly and Mrs. Martha Shafer
and one son James.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30

Mrs. Evelyn Kline and daughter
Barbara Jayne enjoyed a covered
dish luncheon at the Robert Kline.
Sr. home, Friday, the occasion was
in honor of Mrs. Nellie Kline.
The Farm Bureau Council number
thirteen met at the home of Mr.. and
Mrs. Joe Hefner. Present were: Mr..
and Mrs. Roy Andrews and daugh-
ter, Mr.. and Mrs. Leon Inskeep and
family, Harold Hefner, Mr.. and Mrs.
David Obenour, Mr.. and Mrs. John
Thayer, Harry Patterson, Mr.. and
Mrs. Doyt Hall and sons, Mr.. and
Mrs. Chester Patterson and children.
Mr.. and Mrs. Harold Herr and
children spent Sunday in Chicago
with the formers sister, Mr.. and
Mrs. |. E. Dischinger.
The Dorcas Aid met at the church
Thursday. Eight members were
present.
Mrs. Lucille Edmons of Milwaukee
spent the week with Mrs. Adah
Hall.
Mrs. Mary Milestone of Lima.
was Thursday guest of Mrs. Daisy
Ludwig.
Mrs. Bertha Desenberg called
Saturday on Mrs. Ollie Wise and
Mrs. Nettie Cotner of Ada.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30
Birthday Gathering

A family gathering was held at
the Elmer G. Lehman home in Lima,
Sunday, in honor of birthday ami
versaries of Mr.. Lehman and his
brother, ]. C. Lehman.
Two large Illuminated birthday
cakes were features of the occasion
and the honor guests received many
appreciated gifts.
Present were:
Mr.. and Mrs. Jesse Lehman,
daughter Eva and Charles Wosak of
Cleveland; Mr.. and Mrs. Walter
Neiswander and children Evan and
Wanda of Bluffton; Mrs. Sarah Leh-
man, Mr.. and Mrs. Roy Lehman, son
Donald and daughter Mrs. Joyce
Dietrich all of Pandora, Miss Lii
lian Myers of Ottawa and Mr.. and
Mrs. Charles Shields of Lima.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30

More than one million dollars will
be spent this year in a two-miilion-
dollar postwar construction pro-
gram launched by the Central Ohio
Light and Power Co., it was report
ed last week at a meeting of the
board of directors of the utility In
Findlay.
So far, progress of construction
has been delayed somewhat by diff
ficulty in getting materials and
equipment, but the program will
progress as rapidly as conditions
permit, it was pointed out.
Included in work now under way
is construction of a second circuit
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30
Central Ohio Power Co. Will Spend
One Million For improvements In 1916

between the Woodcock generating
plant in Bluffton to Findlay. This
circuit is expected to be ready for
use within the next 10 days.
Issuance and sale of $4,000 shares
of common stock was approved by
directors of the utility at their meet
ing.
Through its distribution of COM
mon stock, the company reported it
is the first Ohio utility to be freed
of holding company control.
The board declared a quarterly
dividend of 40 cents share on COM
mon stock, payable July % to all
stockholders of record on July Is.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30

Officers for the classes and vari-
Gus activities for the next school
term are as follows:
Seniors-Pres., Michael Regan;
Vice Pres, Paul Don Bixel; Sec.,
James Lewis.
Juniors-Pres., Kenneth Bracy;
Vice Pres, Addison Myers; Sec.,
Betty Roush.
Sophomores-Pres., Roger Linden;
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30

DLUFFTON'S union church
- service Sunday night will
consist of program by Wilbur
Fish, nationally known joy bell
ringer who will appear in the
First Mennonite church at 8
o'clock, it is announced by the
Bluffton Ministerial association
which is sponsoring his appear
ance here.
His program will include
numbers on the vibra harp,
golden bells, glassophone, sing
ing saw and London cricket
bells.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30

Ohio farmers delivering wheat to
country elevators before May Is can
get the highest market price quoted
any day between the delivery date
and March 81, 1947 and also a bonus
of 80 cents per bushel for making
this food available for famine relief.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30

Arrangements have been made to-
send $4,000 bales of U. S. cotton to
Germany and to accept textiles made.
from it as payment. Germans have
been making synthetic cloth out of
coal.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30
Mayors Notice

Monthly collection of rubbish will
be made on Tuesday, June A. Pa
irons should have rubbish in con-
tainers and ready for collection early
in the morning.
w. A. Howe, Mayor
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30
Conserve Energy

Conserve energy of the refrigera-
tor. Freeze no more ice cubes than
you actually need and don't waste
ice. After quick freezing, return the
cold control TO the normal setting as
soon as the job is done.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30

u. S Dept. of Agriculture econo-
mists predict national farm income
for the first six months of 1916 only
little lower than for the same
months of 1916. The reduction is
due to less money from small cot
ton crop, but returns from livestock
and poultry are higher. The brisk
demand for foods and fibers is expect
ed to continue all year.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30
Mayors Notice

Regular collection of garbage will
be made on Friday of this week in
stead of Thursday, Memorial day.
w. A. Howe, Mayor
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30

News want-ads bring results.
The Bluffton news. [volume] (Bluffton, Ohio) 1875-current, 1946-05-30

sqe
Evening star., 1946-07-23
Chinese Reds Protest
u. 5. Marine '|nyasions'
By the Associoted Press

NANKING. july 23-The Com
munist New China News Agency
said today that Communist Gen
Yeh Chien-yi has protested to Pep
ing Executive Headquarters the re-
peated 'invssions" of Communist
controlled areas by United States
Marines.
An agency dispatch reported that
Marines along the Pieping Mukden
railroad entered more than 10 VIII
lagos near Changnee with 300 IN q
group. 1t said that on July IA, the
outskirts OF Changnee were in
vaded' by $50 marines while seven
American warplanes were overhead
The dispatch came from TSunhWa
Hopei Province, in a sector where
seven Marines were kidnapped by
an armed band of Chinese on July
l3. precipitatlng widespread Marine
searches.
The agency also alleged that on
July II Marines stationed at a rail-
Wav bridge sent nine tanks into the
area near Tafuchwan, destroying
many paddy fields.
The agency said Communists re-
gardeo such activities as An un-
reasonable challenge of Chinese
sovereignty and warned that the
Communists would take defense
steps if they continued. It added
that If conflict occurs 4" the reSpon-
sibility lies with the Marines.
Evening star., 1946-07-23

A Chinese electric typewriter,
which its sponsors say may revolu-
tionize Oriental business methods,
was demonstrated to DR.. " K. We'll
lington Koo, new Chinese Ambassa-
dor to the United States, at the
Embassy yesterday.
The machine, developed over a
three-year perior at cost of $3.50
900 by International Business Ma
chimes, Inc, in its Poughkeepsie
IN. " laboratories. uses numerals
instead of Chinese characters on its
keyboard. When the typewriter is
produced commercially, it is ex-
pected to sell for around $500 or $500.
Miss Grace Tong, who operated
the 43 keys during the demonstra-
ton. said that in three months one
should be able to memorize the syS-
tenn. The machine can designate
5,400 characters and is capable of a
top speed of As words minute. con-
trasted with 125 words or better on
the English Language typewriters.
Chung Ching Kao, who helped
develop the typewriter, explained it
to the Ambassador. This afternoon.
the Chinese Air Forces officials here
are to be given a demonstration.
The heart of the typewriter is a
3-pound steel cylinder on which
Evening star., 1946-07-23
Cabinet 10 Consider
British Press Inquiry
By the Associated Press

LONDON, July 23-Herbert Nor
rison, Lord President of the Coun-
Gil. promised yesterday to take up
with Prime Minister Attlee and the
cabinet a petition of the National
Union of Journalists for appoint
ment of royal commission to in
vestigate the British press.
IF any such inquiry should be
instituted" Mr.. Morrison said to
the union deputation which pre-
sented the plea. 1T would have as
its object the furthering and max
ing wider and more genuine the
freedom of the British press
The deputation, headed by Fred
Treavett. president of the newspa-
permen's union. asked that "monop-
oily ownership" be Investigated by
a body which could take sworn evi-
dence. summon witnesses and order
production of documents.
The delegation appeal said free
dom of the press from the govern
Hlellt Oh lne QdN must not De
choked by the concentration of the
countrys newspapers in the hands
OF two or three powerful commercial
groups"
The delegation also asked that
the inquiry determine how far, if
at all. news was suppressed or ma
nipulated 10 serve a particular point
of view" and whether advertising
and financial interests exercised any
influence over the editorial con-
tent Of a newspaper.
Mr.. Morrison, replying. said that
neither I nor the government could
be party to any interference with
the traditional liberty of the press. -
Evening star., 1946-07-23
Three Held for Jury
In Fruit Stand Theft

Three men were being held today
for the grand jury after arraign-
ment Yesterday in Municipal Court
in connection with the assault and
robbery Sunday of Paul Davis. 81.
clerk at a fruit stand in the 500
block of Eleventh street NV.
Held IN lieu OF $4,000 bond each
were James Frank Smith. So, of the
600 block of L street NV: William
H. Earnshaw. "a of the 1900 block
of L street NV. and Julian Clar-
ence Craddock. l8. of the TOO block
Of D street NE. All are charged
with robbery.
They were arrested by Pvt. Lewis
D. Crooke of No. l precinct. who
passersby shouted for help Mr
Davis told police $40 was taken from
his pockets
Also held for grand Jury action
yesterday we're Isaac Purdy Byrd
%. of the 900 block of E street
SW. and Jesse McCloud. 26, of the
1000 block of E street S.W., both
colored, on charges of assault with
intent to kill a cab driver, Fred
Miles, colored, 80, of 327 l. street
S.W.
The two. held in lieu of S5 900
BOND each. were arrested Saturday
night after Raymond Lee Hudson
40. and his son Charles, 81, both OF
1926 Robinson street SW.. investi-
gated a shout of murder from a
taxicab in front of their house.
When two men jumped from the
car and ran, police said, the Hud-
sons gave chase and caught them
a block aWay
Evening star., 1946-07-23

the characters are written and those
most frequently used occur together
in a comparatively small space on
the roll. II words out of the ordi-
nary are used, it becomes necessary
to look them up in key book, which
tells the necessary number to punch
Eugen Buhler and Christopher A
Berry, engineers for the company
worked directly on the project. Mr.
Berry said that the company has
under consideration the making OF
linotypes and all other Develop
mentS associated with the electrical
typewriter, including communica-
ton systems.
There is no language difficulty
among different provinces in China
in the use of the typewriter. officials
said, because the written language
is universal in that country. Only
when the spoken word is used dc
differences occur
One of the Chinese business men
watching the demonstration yester-
day afternoon, pointed to one draw
back. He said as soon as one had q
secretary trained to operate the
typewriter. she would run off and
get married. The solution, he op-
served, would be to train a corps
of secretaries.
Evening star., 1946-07-23
-Four Men Fined $3.50
In Prince Georges

-Four men, including two District
residents. were fined a total of
$3.50 yesterday on charges brought
against them by Prince Georges
County police.
A fifth man a District cab driver.
forfeited $26.7O collateral on charges
of violating the county's taxicab
regulations by picking up Passengers
within the county.
A fine of S125 was imposed upon
Joseph j. Humphrey, 80, 1923 Tang
place NE, in Upper Marlboro
Police Court by Substitute Trial
Magistrate Henry O'Neill on charges
of driving while drunk, reckless
driving, operating vehicle without
license plates and no permit in
Upper Marlboro on Sunday.
Joseph L. Wright. 81, 536 Seventh
street Sc, who was picked up by
County Policeman j. w Siddal in
Upper Marlboro early Sunday for
investigation, was fined Sl00 for
carrying a concealed weapon. Officer
Siddall told Judge O'Neill it was
a hunting knife.
The cab driver, Napoleon Hill. 26,
colored, of 5lO9 Mann street NE.
was arrested Saturday night by
officers Ralph E. Bond and Carl
Keech for soliciting fares in front
of Mike Young's Restaurant on
Marlboro pike. Hillside. without
having proper county credentials or
Maryland State commercial license
plates in his possession, as is re-
quired by county law.
At Hyattsville Police Court. John
B. Bluford, colored 4811 Braxton
place. Hyattsville, was fined S125
for driving while drunk and reck-
less driving on Baltimore avenue
in Hvattsville Sunday, and Leo
Campbell of Bowie was fined S1O0
by Trial Magistrate Alan Bowie on
charges of assaulting his wife, Irene,
on July a.
Evening star., 1946-07-23

terry.
Sergt. Payne enlisted in Company
A of the then 1st Separate Battalion,
District National Guard, in 1903 and
soon rose to the rank of first ser
geant. Active IN the training pro-
gram of the Guard, he was an ex-
pert riheman and won several med
ais in brigade competitions.
In 1916 he served with his unit at
Naco, Ariz., during the Mexican
border troubles and the next year
went on duty with his battalion,
guarding essential and vital installa-
tions in Washington.
Early in 1918 the 1st Separate Bat
talon was merged with other units
TO form the 372d Infantry and in the
spring of that year, as part of the
157th Division, was attached to the
French Army. Sergt Payne served
with this division throughout the
remainder of the war and took part
in the MeuSe-Argonne offensive.
During this drive the sergeant dis
tinguished himself by single handed
ly Wiping out German machine
gun nest which was holding up the
advance of his organization. For
this he was awarded the Distin-
guished Service Cross by the U. S.
Army ana the Croix de Guerra with
palm by the French.
Sergt. Payne lived at 1923 Fifteenth
Strant & Y He &c survived hv hiS
widow, Mrs. Minnie Payne, and two
sisters. Mrs. Lottie Darnell and Mrs.
Ellen Waters of Washington.