davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-05-23
Civil Service Board
CaIIed'C 'CoId-bIooded'
In Retirement Policy
House Committee Opens
Hearing on Move to
Liberolize Annuities
By Joseph Young

The Civil Service Commission
was criticized sharply today for
"its cold -blooded attitude" re-
garding retirement rights of
aged Federal employees, as the
House Civil Service Committee
opened hearings on legislation to
liberalize the Federal Retire
ment Act.
The witness, H. E. McAuley.
Mayor of Newport, r. l., criticized
the commissions opposition to the
Forand bill, which would allow laid
off Government workers to retire on
full annuities after Is yeArs of
service, regardless of age.
Mr.. McAuley referred to the COM
missions previously announced
policy of opposing liberalization of
the Civil Service Retirement Act as
"heartless and inconsistent with the
American ideal Of fair play"
COmmlttcc 70 Mcct.
This afternoon the committee will
meet in executive session to consider
several bills that would allow
Federal workers to retire on full
pensions after 80 years of service,
regardless of age. Although the
administration and the Civil Service
Commission consistently have op-
posed such bills for years because Of
the additional cost they would en-
tail, there are reports that they
might reconsider and approve the
legislation with certain amendments.
In his testimony before the COM
mittee, Mr.. McAuley painted black
picture of Government workers with
service ranging up to 80 years be-
ing dismissed from the Newport
Navy Yard before they are eligible
for retirement benefits. At present,
Federal employees must reach the
age of IS before they are entitled
to even partial annuity payments.
The Newport mayor charged that
Evening star., 1946-05-23
Three Cardinal BoIIployers Get
Permission to Visit Mexico

with a record Of six victories and
no defeats. Martin is righthanded
pitcher and Klein is the Cardinals
utility infielder.
Both Martin and Klein played
in the Cuban League the past win
ter on the same club with Dick Sis
Ter, Cardinal rookie first baseman.
Martin was a star pitcher for Hous-
ton of the Texas League before the
war and has shown considerable
promise in several appearances this
season.
Klein was the Cardinals regular
second baseman last season, but re-
Gently was forced to yield the post
to Red Schoendienst.
Evening star., 1946-05-23
Senate Facing Night Sessions
To Wind Up Labor Legislation
BorkIey Expects Byrd Amendment Vote
Today as Two Substitutes Are Offered

make regulations governing any
funds raised by an industry for its
general or special benefits. This
would apply to funds which the coal
operators now raise for their organi-
zation and which they are author
lied by law to add to the cost of
the commodity.
These new proposals followed the
Senate's action last night in de-
feating 40 to IL the original Pepper
amendment which would have made
it an unfair labor practice for an
employer to refuse to bargain COL
lectively for the establishment of an
employees welfare fund.
When Senator Barkley announced
the night sessions to continue
through Saturday, Senator Tobey,
Republican, of New Hampshire in
quired If Saturday session would
be necessary in the event the labor
bill is passed tomorrow. Senator
Barkley replied a long session might
we'll be held anyhow Saturday be-
cause of other urgent matters. Fol-
lowing in the wake of the labor fight
is the bill to continue the draft law
beyond July l.
From Senator Reed, Republican,
Of Kansas came a charge that
"monopolistic" labor unions are try
ing to control Government in the
interest of one organized class"
The Kansas Senator took the floor
to urge action on pending labor dis
1Caa CTp1YE NONTpOI Or Ae1
Evening star., 1946-05-23
ODT Sets Up 4-Mon Command
In Preparation for Rail Strike

The Office of Defense Transpor-
tation today created four-man
transportation command to mobil-
ize air, highway, water and rail
hauling of essential freight in event
of a rail strike.
Robert Ramspeck, former Georgia
Representative and now executive
vice president of the Air Transport
Association, was appointed director
of ODT's Airway Transport Depart
ment, an emergency unit to pool the
facilities of private airlines and, If
necessary, Army and Navy planes.
The ODT also was preparing a
general embargo on railroad freight
for prompt use II necessary.
Evening star., 1946-05-23
Deposition by Nimitz
Tells Of Unrestricted
j. ). Air-Sea Warfare
Sub Reseues Limited, He
Advises Nuremberg Court
On Query by Doenitz
BY the Associated Pres,

NUREMBERG, May 23.-Ad-
miral of the Fleet Chester w.
Nimitz, American wartime COM
mander in the Pacific, stated in
a deposition introduced at the
international Military Tribu-
nails war crimes trial today that
the United States ordered unre-
stricted submarine and air war
fare against Japan December 7,
1941.
His answers were sought by coun-
sci for Grand Admiral Karl Doenitz
Of the German Navy, who sought to
show there were many parallels be-
tween American undersea warfare
In the Pacific and that of Germany
in the Atlantic, where Doenitz is
sued sink on sight" directives to
his U-boat packs.
Admiral Nimitz, now Chief of Ma
val Operations, said the American
order was justified by japanese at
tackS on that date on United States
bases and on both armed and un-
armed ships and nationals without
warning or declaration of war" The
order was issued on the day of the
Pearl Harbor attack.
Survivors Not Rescued.
"On general principles the United
States submarines did not rescue
enemy survivors if undue additional
hazard to the submarine resulted or
If the submarine would thereby be
prevented from accomplishing its
further mission" Admiral Nimitz
replied to another query.
United States. submarines were
limited in rescue measures by small
passenger carrying facilities, COM
bined with the known desperate and
suicidal character of the enemy.
Therefore it was unsafe to pick up
many survivors. Frequently survi-
vors were given rubber boats and Tor
Evening star., 1946-05-23
Five Armed GI Prisoners
Flee Reich Stockude
By the Assoeioted Press

FIR A N K F VI T, May 23.-Five
American soldiers armed with SUBJ
machine guns and pistols broke out
OF a United States Army prison
stockade at Regensburg last night
and fled in stolen jeep, the Army
Provost Marshal's Office here an
nounced today.
Road blocks were set up and mill
tary police were alerted throughout
the Munich area.
The Army named the fugitives as
Eugene McMasters and Williams j.
Pearce, serving court-martial SEN
tences, and Robert j. Bone, Ray
mond Rilay and Alfred Marino, held
on unspecified charges. Their home
towns were not given.
Evening star., 1946-05-23

be willing to grant the fund pro-
vided it was reduced to about 3
per cent of pay roll and adequate
safeguards were placed to make
sure that it would be used for the
intended purposes. He said such
fund should be used to alleviate
hardship" but I'VE don't think we
should have to pay for every case
of measles that arises in a miners
family"
Lewis Not Too Specific.
Mr.. Krug indicated to a news
conference that while Mr.. Lewis
laid his demands on the table, he
was not too specific on the subject
of wages and hours. Operators
have protested all along that the
union leader refused to discuss
wages until they had surrendered
to his welfare proposal.
The Interior Secretary said that
while it was very possible" that
the Governments position on all
principles involved in a new con-
tract can be decided by Saturday
night" the execution of a contract
within the time would be very
difficult"
II hope that if an accord can be
reached on the things that make
contract appear certain, the work.
ers can be kept on the job" he said
He added that without the support
of union leaders ut is unlikely the
Government can persuade the
miners to 60 back" or stay on the
job when the truce ends.
Some officials expressed the belief
that Mr.. Lewis, following customary
pattern, would wait until the last
minute, probably Saturday, before
appealing to his union members tx
work for the Government.
Reports persisted in the coal field.
that the unions 250-man Policy
Committee is heading for Washing.
ton, but official confirmation of thi!
was lacking. It was this committee
which called the present truce ane
which must ratify any new contract
Mr.. Krug said all he could do a
the moment to keep the miners
working was to issue appeals, which
he has done.
Evening star., 1946-05-23
Americans Round Up
375 Germun Youths
BY the A,soeiofsd Press

BERLIN, May 23.-American au-
thorities, stepping up their cam
paign to stamp out Hitler youth
elements here, revealed that Ameri-
can public safety officers and Ger
man police yesterday rounded up 375
youths in the borough of Neudoelin
Elements Of five subversive gangs
were found among those detained
authorities said.
Evening star., 1946-05-23
Chinese NationaIists
Capture Changchun
In Light Fighting
Reds Reported to Have
Withdrawn East From
Monchurion Capital
Dy the Associated press

MUkDEN, May 23.-The gov
ernment today announced that
National troops recaptured
Changchun at II am. after
having engaged Communist
remnants remaining in the city
in sporadic fighting"
1.-THE resistance soon was over
come" said the communique, from
the headquarters of Gen. Tu Lii
ming, government commander for
Northeast China CManchuria). d.
1t reported that advance elements
of Gen. Cheng Tung-kuo's New LIST
Army entered Changchun, capital Of
Manchuria, at am.
Earlier government dispatches
said Communists were seen with
drawing from Changchun yesterday
presumably headed for Yungki
(Kirin), 60 miles to the east.
(There was no immediate in
dication what effect the capture
OF Changchun might have on
American negotiations for
peace in Manchuria Possession of
Changchun had given the Com
munists big stick at the truce
conference.
(Chiang Kai-shek's Kuomin-
tang party had refused to nego-
tiate while the Communists held
Changchun. The Democratic
League, a minor party, yester-
day suggested that the Commu-
nists withdraw from the city and
the government refrain from en-
tering until a truce had been
agreed on.
Gloss of Changchun was Sc
we're blow to the Communists, but
they claim they still control, di-
rectly or indirectly, six of Man
churia's nine provinces and more
than half of its population.)
In contrast to the mild skirmish-
ing which preceded Gen. Cheng's
entry into Changchun today, the
Communists were forced to wage q
stubborn, four-day battle to seize
the city in mid-April from q fal
inferior government force, made ur
chiefly of ill-equipped volunteers.
Although Gen. Tu on Tuesday
had appealed to the Communists
through Gen. George c. Marshall's
truce commission at Nanking, tc
evacuate Changchun to prevent
further destruction of the city
there was no immediate indication
why the Reds had left.
Previously, the Communists had
reported they were prepared te
Evening star., 1946-05-23
Mine Crisis Rises
With Pits CIosinq
Under U.S.. Control
By jones Y. Newton

The Nation headed toward
another coal crisis today, with
additional mine closings reported
hourly and assurance still lack
ing that John L. Lewis will con-
tinue the strike truce" beyond
the Saturday midnight deadline.
Top Federal officials conferred
for an hour this morning over a
Government mine contract pro-
posal, the terms of which were not
disclosed. A White House an
nouncement said Secretary of In
terror Krug, boss of the seized mines,
and his deputy, Vice Admiral Ben
Moreell. Secretary Of Labor Schwel-
lenbach, Reconversion Director
Snyder and John r. Steelman, presi-
Dental assistant, took part in the
meeting.
At the Capitol, Senator Mcmahon,
Democrat, of Connecticut was
named chairman of Senate inter-
state Commerce subcommittee to
investigate the soft coal and an
LII IdClte INDUSTRIES.
Krug Expresses Hope"
Senators Austin, Republican, of
Vermont and Barkley, Democrat, of
Kentucky will serve with Senator
author of a resolution
for an investigation.
Secretary Krug expressed only a
hope" that a complete shutdown of
the soft coal pits could be avoided
as he prepared to engage in another
contract negotiating session with
Mr.. Lewis at pm. today.
Nearly half of the Nations mines
already are closed-an estimated
2,100 out of 4,500-with more than
a third of the 100000 soft coal
miners idle. An additional 243 mines
were idle yesterday, the first day of
Government operation. New shut
downs hit coal output especially
hard in Illinois, Indiana and Ala
bama. A great majority of the pits
in Pennsylvania, second largest pro-
ducer, were closed. ..-
Demands Believed Delivered.
There was evidence that Mr..
Lewis had laid his contract de-
mands on the table and that these
were being weighed by Mr.. Krug
and Admiral Moreen. They did not
reveal what the union leader said
on the subject, but Mr.. Lewis ex-
pressed his wage demands generally
for the first time at yesterdays
sessions.
Mr.. Krug called in Arthur Alt
meyer, chairman of the Social Sc
curity Board, to help draft fair
compromise to Mr.. Lewis demand
for welfare fund supported by
7 per cent payroll tax on the opera
tors. Mr.. Lewis has stated that it
must be directed solely by the
miners.
There was evidence, too, that the
operators were willing to give" a
little in their position on the welfare
issue. One operator said he would
Evening star., 1946-05-23
Resolution Dropped,
Constitution Hall Issue
Dies in OAR Congress
Nomine Of Committee
To Study Rental Contracts
Satisfies Mrs. Vunn
By Gretchen Smith
Stor Sioff Correspondsnt

ATLANTIC CITY, N. J., May
23.-The controversial OAR issue
over resolution demanding re-
moyal of the clause "for white
artists only" from Constitution
Hall rental contracts today sub
sided peacefully-at least as far
as the 55th Continental Congress
of the daughters is concerned.
The resolution was withdrawn by
Mrs. E. c. Denny Vann of Leonia,
N. j., a member of the Polly Wyckoff
Chapter, which was a strong pro-
ponent Of the proposal.
In surprise action, Mrs. Vann
was first granted permission to have
the resolution presented before the
body.
Following a report by Mrs. Grace
L. H. Brosseau, chairman of the
Resolutions Committee, that the
resolution had been rejected unami-
mously by her committee, Mrs.
Julius Y. Talmadge, president gen.
eral, read request from Mrs. Vann
asking permission to take the reso-
luton out of committee and present
it to the congress with an explana-
tion. Mrs. Talmadge, added, it was
her hope the daughters, in all fair
ness, would grant the petitioner an
opportunity to speak.
1t was obvious that a misunder-
standing of the question confused
many of the delegates, and that it
was not clear that the request was
merely for Mrs. Vann to explain
the resolution and not to ask its
adoption. When a first vote was
taken, opposition to Mrs. Vann's
request far outnumbered approval
Immediately Mrs. Burton Earl Sis
son, Chicago, former librarian gen.
eral, asked permission to speak
She expressed doubt that the con-
gress had fully understood the ques-
ton.
Il am opposed to the resolution
submitted by the Polly Wyckoff
Chapter" she explained, ''but how
can go back TO Chicago and say
you refused to discuss this ques-
tion?"
After several moments of confu-
sion second vote was taken. This
time Mrs. Vann's request was
granted, although there were many
noes" heard throughout the hall.
Il first quote from Mrs. Talmadge
last night" Mrs. Vann said. That
is, be consistent. We make buddy
bags and make no distinction on
the tags. We educate the Indians
and do not permit them the use of
Constitution Hall" loud noes" and
mot so'' greeted this statement.)
when we heard Mrs. Talmadge
announce appointment of COM
mittee to investigate the entire Con-
{See OAR page A61
Evening star., 1946-05-23
Hirohito to Broadcast
To People Tomorrow
By the Assoeio,ed Press

TOKYO, May 23.-Emperor Hiro-
htto, perhaps moved by growing
clamor for food by his hungry, de-
feated people, will broadcast tomor-
row-the second such message Of
his reign.
Japan heard its rulers voice the
first time last August Is, when a
recording carried his reading Of his
imperial rescript announcing the
empires capitulation.
The Imperial Household Ministry
refused to say in advance what the
Emperor would tell his people, but
the Importance of the message was
indicated by arrangements to
broadcast it three times.
Evening star., 1946-05-23
|NovyHos Weapon More Deadly
Than Atomic Bomb, House old

deadly than the atomic bomb to-
day-not tomorrow, and furthermore
it's in usable shape"
Mr.. Thomas is a member of the
Appropriations Subcommittee which
heard secret testimony of high naval
omcias for weeks before it wrote
the appropriation measure.
Asked by reporters if the new
weapon was in the nature of a
death ray, Mr.. Thomas refused to
answer.
Il guess I've said too much al
ready" he said.
The House is busy arguing about
the size Of the postwar NAVY.
Evening star., 1946-05-23
BY the Assoeiofsd Press

Representative Thomas, Democrat,
Of Texas told the House today that
the United States Navy has de-
veloped a weapon "far more deadly
than the atomic bomb"
His statement came during debate
on the 1947 Navy appropriation bill.
Mr.. Thomas did not say what the
weapon was nor would he elaborate
to reporters other than to indicate
it was a development of the Bureau
of Medicine and Surgery. His state
ment to the House:
I'VE have something far more
Evening star., 1946-05-23

An ODT official, who asked not to
be identified by name, told a re-
porter:
THE (freight) embargo will be
ordered within a few minutes after
the men strike, If they strike, to
insure the movement Of essential
supplies by as many trains as may
be running"
He also said the ODT will set up
a list of commodities to which other
freight carriers must give prefer
ence. These orders will affect water
and motor freight carriers.
Additional orders probably will be
issued to insure movement of es-
tSee ODT, Page A-6.)
Evening star., 1946-05-23
BY the Asseeiofsd Press

NEW YORK, May 23-Three
members of the st. Louis Cardinals
baseball team, Max Lanier, Fred
Martin and Lou Klein, obtained
permits today to visit Mexico, it
was learned authoritatively by the
Associated Press.
The three players, accompanied by
Bernardo Pasquel, vice president of
the Mexican League, applied for
and obtained the permits at the
Mexican government tourist bureau
here.
Lanier, southpaw, Is the lead
ing pitcher Of the National League,
Evening star., 1946-05-23
u. ). Plans 10 Release
100000 Square Feet
OF Rented Space Here
Another Is Buildings
May Be Relinquished
After July Reynolds Says

The Federal Government ex-
poets to release 100000 square
feet of rented floor space in the
District between now and July /,
bringing to 100000 the space re-
leased since January l, w. E.
Reynolds, commissioner of the
Public Buildings Administration,
announced today.
PBA also is working on a plan
that will release another 13 buildings
with between 100000 and 10000
square feet of space, sometime after
July l, he disclosed.
Mr.. Reynolds told of many diff
culties facing the Governments new
program for releasing Office space in
an address before the Building
Owners and Managers Association
OF the District at Hotel 240O.
Speaking at an all-day operating
forum, Mr.. Reynolds said the Gov
ernment has released 4,000,0 900 out
of 100000 square feet of floor
space rented outside the District.
But it had to take back 2,100,OOO
square feet for the Veterans Ad-
ministration and the War Assets
Administration, he reported.
While Government employment
has dropped from a peak of 257,00O
to 228,976, many departments are
asking for more breathing space,
Mr.. Reynolds said. PBA's standard
of occupancy is 80 feet per person.
Some agencies had as little as Is
square feet per person during the
war, "and that is positively inhu-
man." he commented.
When it gets sufficient personnel,
PBA intends to analyze every Gov
ernment building, room by room,
Mr.. Reynolds announced.
1t. Comdr. c. T. McGavin, con-
sultant to the Motor Vehicle Park
ing Agency, warned that decentral.
ization of business in Washington
will rapidly destroy downtown prop.
erty values and jeopardize utilities
investments unless the parking con.
gestion problem is solved.
Pointing out that decentralization
gets its foothold in periods of over.
crowding, he declared:
Il know of no instance where de-
Capitalization once started has evel
stopped"
Offering no remedy, Comdr. Nc
Gavin said the Parking Agency must
plan for properly located off-street
parking areas and leave to private
industry the work of making good
use of them.
The Parking Agency is surveying
the occupancy of downtown areas
and will extend this study to the
entire District, Comdr. McGavin
announced.
Comdr. McGavin advised property
owners to consider seriously pro-
viding parking space within new
buildings they construct and to
study parking needs of their tenants
Evening star., 1946-05-23
D. &. Dimout Order
To Be Re-exumined
Under New Crises

The District Commissioners
will re-examine their city dim
out order of May 4 in the light
of recent developments in the
coal and railroad situation at
a conference at 10:30 am. Tues
day with key District officials,
representatives of the Potomac
Electric Power Co. and other
organizational leaders
The group will discuss
whether the present dimout is
sufficient or whether more
drastic power conservation
measures should be put into
effect.
Evening star., 1946-05-23

LONDON, May % (F.-Winston
Churchill refused an invitation to-
day to ceremonies to accept the
freedom Of Eastbourne, explaining
that II have been advised by my
doctor to rest as much as possible. ;"
Mr.. Churchill wrote Mayor E. c.
Martin that my commitments have
reached what the late Lord Keynes
called the saturation point"
Evening star., 1946-05-23
Greek Monorchist Seized

ATHENS, May %. (R.-Evanghe-
los Manganas, leader Of a monarch-
ist band on whose head the Greek
government has placed a price Of
$4,000. was captured yesterday near
Navarino and is being brought to
Athens, 1t was announced today.
Evening star., 1946-05-23

NEW YORK, May % (R.-Bernard
Cardinal Griffin, Archbishop of
Westminster, England, left by plane
yesterday to return home after visit
Ing the United States several weeks.
Evening star., 1946-05-23
Mojor League Games

AMERICAN LEAGUE
At Cleveland
Boston 80
Cleveland
Batte.ies-Klinser and n. wssner; En-.
bree and Hayes.
At Detroit
New York.
Detroit 1880
sastsIiss-GetteI and Diekey, overmirs
Washington at St. Louis-S:30 PM.
Philadelphia at Chicago-Postponed
(Will Be Played at Later Date.)
NATIONAL LEAGUE
At New York
st. Louis O01 600 o. -
New York. 600 600 0 .
s.tteries..:Beaslev and KlutsH Kosls
At Brooklyn
Chicago ---- 600 100 0 -
Brooklyn - 600 600
Batteries-wyse and McCulloush, Behr.
man and Anderson.
At Philadelphia
Pittsburgh 502
Philadelphia 90
Batteries--Bahr and Lopez; T. HusheS
Pearson and Seminick.
(Only Games Scheduled)
Evening star., 1946-05-23

(See CHINA, Page A-40
Evening star., 1946-05-23
Todoy's Home Runs

NatlOnaI League
Marion, st. Louis (3O, 0 on.
Kiner, Pittsburgh (1st), 8 on.
Evening star., 1946-05-23

(See NUREMBERG. Page a
Evening star., 1946-05-23
Churchill Ordered to Rest

See RETIREMENT, Page A-4.
Evening star., 1946-05-23
Curdinol Griffin Leoyes U. S.

(See RAILROADS, Page A-6.)
Evening star., 1946-05-23

(See OAR, Page A-6.)
Evening star., 1946-05-23
Weather Forecast

Bright, sunny; highest 80 this afternoon.
Clear, cooler tonight; lowest in middle Sos
Tomorrow increasing cloudiness, warmer.
Temperatures today-High, rs, at 1902 pm;
low, 81, at 1882 am. Yesterday-High, a.
at sos pm; low, Sc, at 4:5S am.
Full Report on Page A.
Evening star., 1946-05-23

(See STRIKE CONTROL, Pg. A-60
Evening star., 1946-05-23

AMERICAN LEAGUE