davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-03-17
Risky Budget Slash

The Budget Bureau is assuming
tremendous responsibilities when it
undertakes to determine the
strength Of Americas postwar Navy
without regard to the advice of those
most competent to estimate what is
required-our naval experts. Ac-
cording to reports emanating from
the Capitol, the Budget Bureau has
embarked on a risky course at the
expense of the 1s47 naval budget.
It is disclosed on reliable authority
that budget officials, despite the
urgent recommendations of naval
officers, slashed the Navy's proposed
budget from $500, ,00O, 900 to 50 $780,
00,000-a reduction which the Navy
asserts would drastically curtail the
size, operations and efficiency of the
fleet.
What formula was used by the
Budget Bureau in making this cut
has not been revealed, nor is it
known what reasoning impelled the
huge reduction. Perhaps the Budget
Bureau, without benefit of the forth
coming atomic tests, has made up its
mind that navies are obsolete or
obsolescent. The degree Of the pro-
posed slash is such as seriously to
impair the effectiveness of the Navy
In the critical period which looms
ahead. On learning Of the arbitrary
cut, Secretary Forrestal is said to
have registered a protest at the
White House, with the result that
the budget as finally submitted to
Congress amounted to $4,224, 900 900.
Even this figure represented a re-
duction Of one-third from the Navy's
original estimate. The lowered
budget would mean a postwar Navy
Of only four battleships in active
service, as compared with II prior
to Pearl Harbor. Nine of the larger
aircraft carriers would remain in
service. Only 80 Of our $50 SUBJ
marines would continue operations.
The naval base program would be
crippled, research impeded, aviation
activities restricted.
Perhaps the forthcoming atomic
bomb experiments in the Pacific will
show that battleships are passe.
Perhaps carriers and submarines and
other warships will be given a death
Evening star., 1946-03-17
Deserved Tribute

In clearing the way for final pas
sage Of legislation guaranteeing full
wartime rank and pay to ten of
Americas outstanding military and
naval leaders upon their retirement,
Congress is seeking in a small way
to express its own and the Nations
appreciation for the services of as
brilliant a group of commanders as
history has recorded. It is, of
course, impossible to compensate
these men for their remarkable ac-
complishments in the greatest of all
wars just ended, just as it is impos-
sible to appraise in dollars and cents
the heroism and the sacrifices of the
men OF varied ranks and rates who,
under such inspired leadership,
helped to bring victory to the Allied
cause over ruthless and experienced
enemies.
The extension into their years of
retirement of the titles and salaries
which these famed generals and ad-
mirals received during the course of
hostilities is a well-merited gesture
that is not without precedent. In
recognition of his great leadership
in World War I, General John j.
Pershing received from Congress,
after the war, the special rank of
general OF the armies, with full pay
for life. The legislation on which
Senate and House conferees have
agreed, and which is expected to be
finally approved by both houses
shortly, grants permanent five-star
rank to Generals George c. Mar
shall, Douglas Macarthur, Dwight
D. Eisenhower and Henry H. Arnold
OF the Army and to Admirals Will
liam D. Leahy, Ernest J. King, Ches-
ter w. Nimitz and william F. Halsey
Of the Navy. Permanent four-star
rank will be given General Alexan-
der A. vandegrift of the Marine
Corps and Admiral Russell r.
Waesche of the Coast Guard.
This will mean that under the
full-pay provision these men in re-
tirement will receive approximately
$4,000 year in the case of the
f1ve-star officers and approximately
$4,000 year in the case of the
four-star officers. Viewed in a
realistic sense, these salaries will be
none too large, in view of the con-
tinued responsibilities which the
Nation often places upon its retired
military and naval off1cers-respon-
sibilities not only implicit in the
expectation that they will be ready
at all times in the future to return
to duty II called, but In the fact that
their experience and knowledge will
remain available toldyise and guide
the leaders who sticceA1 them.
Seldoms if ever, in a nations his
tory have such experience and such
wisdom been available in one con-
temporary group. Congress is but
rejecting the overwhelming senti-
ment Of the American people in
giving recognition, through special
legislation, to the stature and deeds
OF our top-ranking wartime gen.
erals and admirals.
Evening star., 1946-03-17

was stipulated that the first building
would be known as the Hall of History.
+
In The Star for March 10. 1896. the
Treasury Department acknowledged re-
ceipt Of 'the lars-
Conscience Fund est single contribu-
Contribution ton ever re-
ceived" from an un-
known debtor. A resident Of London
was the conscience stricken individual
responsible for the remittance. The
money-$l4,225l5, or the equivalent of
f2,s3c sterling-was forwarded by Rev.
Prebenary Barff. vicar of the Church
OF st. Giles. Cripplegate, through the
United States Consul General in London
and the Secretary of State in WASH
ington. No explanation was offered
and the name Of the contributor to the
conscience fund was not disclosed. -
The greatest actress of the French
stage was visitor In Washington juSf
Ave decades ago Re-
Bernhordt in viewing her appearance
"ComiIle" !" at Aliens Grand Opera
House, the critic of The
Star wrote on March IL. 1896: when
Nine. Bernhardt first played Camille.
in this city IS years ago, it was lauded
in the strongest terms. She revealed
new powers and possibilities in the
character Of Marguerite Gauthier and,
had she never played any other part,
her Interpretation OF the Lady of the
Camelias would have stamped her as
the greatest actress of her time There
were some present last night who
had witnessed the first performance Of
Bernhardt here and who are still of
the opinion that she holds the palm.
The comparison of the Camille of last
night with the recent Interpretation Of
the same character by Eleanora Duse
was inevitable and yet neither suffered
by it. The methods Of the two are
widely at variance, but both move the
audience to wonderful degree.
In all her work, Nine. Bernhardt charms
by her remarkable personality, by her
sinuous grace and musical voice, and her
thorough artistic equipment"
On March IL, 1896, The Star reported
that: 1.-THE severest storm Of the present
winter spent yesterday
Eighth Blixxord in Washington. It
Anniversary passed away as rapidly
as it approached" but
those who braved the snow and the
sleet were reminded that it was "the
anniversary Of the memorable blizzard
Of 1888 - which caused great damage
throughout the East" Starting near
Corpus Christi, Texas, on Monday, the
1896 disturbance reached the Capital
on Thursday and swept on over New
York and New England In a few turbu-
lent hours Of wind and precipitation.
Evening star., 1946-03-17
An Appropriate Reply

Winston Churchill had nothing
especially new to offer in his ad-
dress at the public dinner given in
his honor Friday evening in New
York City. In its main aspects the
speech was a reiteration of what he
had said ten days earlier at Fulton,
Missouri, the talk which has pro-
voked storm of criticism, but with
respect to which he does not wish
Ito withdraw or modify a single
word"
Mr. Churchill did not mention
Marshal Stain by name, nor did he
allude specifically to the vitriolic
and distorted personal attack made
on him by the Soviet leader. Never
theless, Britain's former Prime Min
lister, in his New York appearance,
was making an effective and an ap-
propriately dignif1ed reply-not only
to Mr.. Stain, but also to the group
OF CIO and Communist demon
strators who had gathered outside
his hotel to protest his appearance,
apparently in line with their Glib
eral" theory that persons whose
views differ from their own are not
entitled to be heard in this land
OF free speech.
The even-tempered yet candid
quality of Mr.. Churchill's remarks
is to be commended, for there can
be no hope Of a solution of the crit
ical problems facing the world in an
atmosphere that would either sup
press frank discussion or encourage
Incorporate debate.
AS Mr.. Churchill said-and he has
said the same thing before-the de-
cision as to the course OF future
events rests primarily with the
handful of able men" who formu-
late the policies of the Soviet Union.
The Russians diSclaim any ambi-
tions inconsistent with the prin-
ciples Of international cooperation
upon which rests the United Ma
,tions Organization But the fact
1smains that they are the instiga-
tors OF the swiftly moving events
which no one can measure at the
present." but which promise never
theless to subject the UNO and its
Security Council to a stern test
when the latter agency meets this
month.
IT the Russians should prove un-
willing to submit disputed matters
in which they are involved to the
jurisdiction of the Security Council,
or If they should fail to respect such
decisions as the Council might
make, then it seems almost inev-
liable that the United States and
Britain should move toward some
thing in the nature of the "fraternal
association" which Mr.. Churchill
advocates. Perhaps such a develop
ment would tend to be destructive
of the UNO, as the Russians say.
But If the UNO is to be maintained
as an effectively functioning agency,
it must rest on the solid foundation
Of good faith-not only the good
faith Of some of the member ma
tions, but of all of them, including
the Soviet Union.
Evening star., 1946-03-17
Veterans and Employment

Figures just released by the Vet
erans' Administration throw light
on two interesting facts concerning
the veterans unemployment prob
lem. One of these facts is that the
average former serviceman finds a
job within five or six weeks after he
has registered for unemployment
compensation. The other is that
there is no apparent desire on the
part of the average veteran to "ride
the rolls" for even day longer
than is necessary-despite fears to
the contrary that had been ex-
pressed in some quarters.
Ray r. Adams, director of the Vet
erans' Administration Readjustment
Allowance Service, disclosed that one
out Of every four veterans has applied
for unemployment compensation.
There were more than a million dis
charged servicemen on the benefit
list at the outset of this month. but
this total was less than the number
who had received relief for short
time and then left the compensation
payroll to accept jobs in industry.
Mr.. Adams contends that the veter-
ans have evidenced an overwhelming
desire to "get on their own as
rapidly as possible after putting
their uniforms in mothballs.
This does not mean, however, that
the veterans are unappreciative Of
the helping hand which their Gov
ernment extends to them during
their period of "readjustment." The
extent Of this aid is indicated in
the announcement that through
February % a total Of $288, ,004 ,667
was paid to unemployed veterans in
allowances under the CT Bill Of
Rights. The Veterans Administra-
ton expects that the high point of
unemployment payments will be
reached in about month after
which claims will begin to diminish
in number because of decline in dis
charges and Improvement in en-
ployment conditions throughout
most of the country. Approximately
100000 claims are being filed each
week.
Not all the Withdrawals from the
unemployment compensation rolls
are the result OF the finding of Jobs,
however. Some of the veterans have
abandoned their claims in favor Of
going to school under the G1 pro-
gram OF extending educational
benefits to those whose schooling
was interrupted by the war.
Whether he cancels his claim
because of obtaining employment
or in order to resume his education,
the evidence clearly shows that the
average veteran is bent on becom-
ing a self-supporting member of
the community at the earliest pos
sible moment.
Evening star., 1946-03-17

had nothing whatever to do with
the decision of the Supreme Soviet,
but then again maybe it has, and
enthusiastically on the look
out for harbingers Of better inter-
national relations-rnight even
read into it nice gesture on Mos
cows part to promote greater world
understanding.
Evening star., 1946-03-17
Lutin America os Lorder

one OF the most interesting as
poets Of Herbert Hoover's program
for alleviating the terrible famine
crisis impending in both Europe and
Asia is the role which he assigns to
Latin America. That vast portion OF
the Western Hemisphere is, in his
opinion, the chief potential source Of
exportable foodstuffs not already
earmarked for the herculean task.
The amount of relief available
from the United States and Canada
has already been surveyed with fair
accuracy and has been pledged by
the American and Canadian Gov
ernments, so far as this can be done
by public cooperation in conjunc-
ton with official action. Mr.. Hoover
now urges that the same thing be
done throughout Latin America, his
estimate being that, If efficiently
implemented, the entire Western
Hemisphere may be able to step up
food exports to Europe to possible
total of 100000 tons within the
next four months. Aside from the
Western Hemisphere, Mr.. Hoover
sees no major source of food relief
anywhere in the world. Australia's s
wheat surplus and Slams rice sur
plus are not only moderate in VOL
ume but must be, for the most part,
devoted to famine relief in India and
China, where the food deficit is as
acute as that of Europe.
Argentina is, of course, the main
export granary of Latin America
Unfortunately, Argentina's latest
crop suffered notably from the Sc
we're drought that afflicted almost
every part of the Southern Hemi-
sphere and which contributed nota-
bly, to the present food crisis in
various parts Of the world. In con-
sequence, Argentina does not pos
sess its normal cereal surplus. For
tunately. shipping is now available
to transport to Europe both the
Argentine excess of wheat and Bra
zil's surplus of rice. There is thus
no necessity for the tragic specta-
Gle during the late war, when, for
lack Of coal and oil to run its trans
portation system. wheat was burned
as fuel on the argentine railways.
Some other Latin American coun-
tries come into the food export pic
ture to lesser extent. Uruguay,
Chile and Peru have exportable sur
pluses OF grains, provided the neces-
sary shipping transportation be
made available. And all Latin Amer
ican countries could so coordinate
their mutual requirements as to OBJ
viate calls upon the United States
for wheat sent thither by us in nor
NAL times.
Evening star., 1946-03-17

convincing, cannot be used as the basis
for plea for a new trial If two months
have passed since the original convic-
tion.' If the new evidence conclusively
proves the innocence Of the convicted
man, his only recourse heretofore was
to seek pardon. In the future he viii
have two years in which to present such
evidence in court.
There are many other changes in the
rules which should make for more
efficient and more effective administra-
tion Of justice in the Federal district
courts. The changeover will not be
immediate in all jurisdictions, as the
institution Of the reforms is to be made
at the discretion of the judges. It is
not practicable to make all the changes
at once. Eventually, however, it is
expected that all district courts will be
operating under the simplified procedure.
Evening star., 1946-03-17

The theft Of 4,500 false teeth was
reported to Chicago police. Could it
be that some ingenious racketeer
has a new way Of putting the bite
on the public2
Evening star., 1946-03-17
Nor Anywhere Else!
From the Boston Globe.

ETOm B0SCOn fIObe.
Nazi war criminals, now thoroughly
familiar with courtroom procedure,
nevertheless see no future for them
selves in the law.
Evening star., 1946-03-17

A Baltimore bank now provides
music for the entertainment of its
customers and employees. It's most
popular bank notes. however, are
seen, not heard.
Evening star., 1946-03-17

Now is the time for atomic re-
search to quit changing uranium
into plutonium and concentrate on
turning 1t into butter.
Evening star., 1946-03-17

The Argentine constitution has
serious flaw. It fails to provide for
what happens if candidates die of
old age before the votes are counted.
Evening star., 1946-03-17

pe dispensed with altogether in favor
Of an information" If the defendant
is willing to waive indictment, but this
waiver does not apply in offenses pun
ishable by death.
The second outstanding reform is
the abolition of complicated and time
consuming pleas in abatement, demur-
rers. motions to quash and pleas in
bar, IN favor Of one all-inconclusive
motion to dismiss or to seek other ap-
propriate relief. This means an end
to the interminable dragging out of
cases through the filing of successive
pleas. some of which are put forward
for the sole purpose Of delaying trial.
A third change makes it possible for
the court to obtain removal of a de-
fendant from one Jurisdiction to an
other with q minimum of technicalities
and delay, provided the transfer does
not involve distances of more than 100
miles. Thus, formal removal proceed
ings no longer will be necessary to bring
prisoner from nearby Maryland or
Virginia to the District to answer q
Federal indictment here.
A fourth revision extends to defend
ants IN the Federal courts the same
privileges of seeking a change of venue
that they would be entitled to receive in
most State courts. Thus, If the de-
fendant in Federal case can show that
his trial would be affected by prejudice
against him in certain locality. he can
petition the court for transfer of the
trial to another jurisdiction.
Worthy Of special mention also is a
rule that extends the time limit for
requesting q new trial from so days to
two years. Under existing rules, the
discovery Of new evidence, however
Evening star., 1946-03-26
Drive Begins 10 Raise
S5O0,OOO for Seminary

A drive 10 raise S50O,OO0 to in.
crease student facilities at the Vir.
ginia Theological Seminary in Alex
andria was launched officially yes
terday at a luncheon meeting of
Washington area church and lay
workers in the Willard Hotel.
The Rev. Charles w. Sheering,
rector of the Church of the Epiph-
any, was named chairman of the
drive and the Rt. Rev. Henry st.
George Tucker, presiding bishop of
the Episcopal Church, honorary
chairman.
The campaign is to be empha-
sized in the churches throughout
the Nation on the second Sunday
after Easter, but special groups have
been established in specific dioceses
to raise funds by soliciting personal
contributions.
Those at the luncheon and the
following constitute the national
committee in charge of the drive:
Edward Stettinius, executive secre-
tary of the American delegation to
UNO; Charles P. Taft, Cincinnati
attorney and former director of the
State Departments Office of Eco
nomic Affairs; the Rev. Frederick
Brown Harris, chaplain of the Sem
ate: Alexander w. Weddell, former
Ambassador to Spain, and the Right
Rev. Noble G. Powell, Bishop Of
Maryland.
Evening star., 1946-03-26
B. & 0. Debt Program
Faces New Legal Fight
BY the Associoied Press

BALTIMORE, Mar. 26.-The Bal
'timore g. Ohio Railroads $500, ,000,-
900 debt-adjustment plan faced pos
sible new litigation today as the
result of a motion for another
hearing on the reorganization pro-
posal filed in Federal Court here by
Randolph Phillips, New York f1nan-
cial consultant.
Seven days after the court decree
approving the plan was signed, on
March 13, the B. & O. announced it
had appropriated more than $7,000,-
900 out of 1945 available income for
the general sinking fund, Mr.. Phil
lips contended.
The consultant, who had been
chief objector to the reorganization
proposal in two previous suits, al
legged that this action made available
under. the plan about $2,731, ,759 for
the payment Of dividends on the
preferred and common stock.
Four days after the decree the
railroad announced a plan to refund
senior bonds as soon as possible, Mr..
Phillips contended Such a pro-
posal, If effectuated, he added, would
provide payment of redemption
premiums, totaling over Sc, ,0OO, 900,
of the railroads first mortgage
bonds, Southwestern and Toledo
Cincinnati divisions, plus payment
of the bonds In full to holders.
Evening star., 1946-03-26
Appeals Court Asserts
Improvements justify
$40 10 SIS Rent Jump

The United States Court of Ap-
peals yesterday held that $1OO a
month and later $85 a month had
been the correct amount of rental
for dwelling in the 140O block of
Twenty-seventh street NV, after
improvements had been made and
the place furnished. although the
dwelling rented at less than $40 a
month at the time Of the rent freeze
in January, 194l.
In its ruling the higher court held
that the completely equipped and
furnished house" involved in the
court procedure constituted a new
housing accommodation not hereto
fore rented"
The decision was made in revers-
ing a Municipal Court of Appeals
decision which had reversed, in turn,
Municipal Court decision in an in
volved act of circumstances.
Municipal Court had found that
the $85 per month as determined by
the rent administrator had been the
correct amount of the rent. In re-
versing that decision, the Municipal
Court of Appeals held that the rent
should have been at the figure in
effect on the freeze date, under the
District Emergency Rent Act. That
figure was less than $40 month.
Mrs. Lorine M. Delsnider, who had
rented out the premises at the high
er figures of 500 and then $85 a
month, had purchased the dwelling,
extensively remodeled and furnished
it since the freeze date 1t was rent
ing at $3.50 when she bought the
property, it was said.
It had remained vacant for year
while the improvements were un-
der way. Subsequently, two tenants
sought to collect for alleged charges
of above ceiling prices. Mrs. Del
snider had first rented the premises
for 500 a month and then $85 a
month when the rent administrator
held the latter sum was comparable
to the rent for like dwellings. The
administrator, however, withdrew
his ruling claiming that the landlord
had misrepresented facts regarding
rental of the premises on the freeze
date. The Court Of Appeals, yester-
day, however, held there was no
misrepresentation and that it was
abuse of discretion" for the admin
istrator to rescind his finding.
The United States Court of Ap-
peals, accordingly, held that the rent
of 500 a month was correct until
the rent administrator set 1t at $85,
which was the correct rent after
that action.
Yesterdays decision further held
that the two tenants should not be
permitted to recover anything from
Mrs. Delsnider.
Evening star., 1946-03-26

HIGH SCHOOL GETS NEW TREE-Jane Haskng secretary
the senior class at Bethesda Chevy Chase High School, pats
down the earth around Of the wires holding pine
tree the school grounds The old tree by
vandals several weeks Looking Qeft right Wal
lace Hutton senior class chaplain Art Feaherstonhaugh
class musician; Glenn Ferguson class president Courand
Randall president of the HY Club and Roger Parkinson
president OF the Student Council Star STAR Photo
Evening star., 1946-03-26
Federal Unit 10 Report
To Red Cross TODAY

Reports of the Government unit
of the Washington Metropolitan
Area Red Cross Campaign today
were expected to place it in the
company of other urban units with
respect to percentage of quota OBJ
tanned.
Last Government unit total showed
63.29 per cent of the assigned hgure
pledged, whereas the residential
city and general business units re-
ported $3.50, 82.68 and 74.96 per cent,
respectively, at yesterdays luncheon
rally in the United States Chamber
Of Commerce Building.
The Alexandria and Arlington
County units have exceeded their
quotas.
General Chairman Richard H.
Wilmer announced an overall total
Of $1,l98,856, 1852 per cent of the
81 ,573, 400 campaign qouta. Although
the percentage was slightly ahead
of that recorded at the same point
in last years drive, the number of
givers was far behind, he said. Mr..
Wilmer reported 1,151 pledges
received, as against about 279 900 at
the same time In 1945.