davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-02-24
By Harold J. Laski

Choirmon of the British Labor Porty
LONDON-It is no exaggeration to
say that this is period of anxiety and
something like crisis. There are nu-
merous evidences of world malaise
which grows rather than diminishes in
intensity. The next six months will be
most critical months. We will be fortu-
nate, indeed, If we emerge from them
without some major disasters which will
postpone recovery for considerable Pc
riod.
We find these evidences in the grave
news concerning the food situation with
the prospect of widespread starvation in
India; the distressing rows and ten
sions, especially between Britain and
Russia in the Middle East the serious
position created by the attitude and &C
tivities of the Polish Army of Gen. An
ders in Italy; the establishment of
commission of inquiry in Canada for es-
pionage; the riots in Egypt and the
emergence there of a government which
is nothing more than palace-created
regent of sovereign avid for personal
power; the half hidden but large-scale
efforts to split the anti-Franco forces in
and out of Spain by organizing the bait
of constitutional monarchy which will
not only satisfy the conservative" forces
there-the army and church aristoc-
racy-but will, we are told, quickly"
retire if a plebiscite decides for Span
ish republic, and in the Dutch offer to
Indonesia of dominion status which
yet leaves foreign affairs and defense in
Dutch hands.
For the food shortage, nature, rather
than man, is primarily responsible, al
though it is most difficult not to feel
that the responsibility of nature could
be mitigated both by large scale Of
rationing by the food-producing nations
and a much fuller use of military trans
port for distribution of food supplies to
areas otherwise inaccessible by railways
or by sea.
1t Is time that we heard far more than
we have been told about Anglo Russian
Evening star., 1946-02-24

Readin', 'ritin' and 'rithmatic may no
longer be taught to the tune of hickory
stick, but the public schools of the Ma
ton are still beset by problems just as
anachronistic and just as painful to
modern educators. If postwar educa-
ton is to be raised to a level COM
mensurate with the country's innate
wealth and standard of fair play, de-
termined action is necessary in the near
future.
Teachers salaries are too low. There
is in addition dire shortage of teach
ers. Schools are overcrowded with re-
turning teen-age war-plant workers and
returning servicemen. School facilities
are inadequate due to curtailed con-
struction during the war. Vast in
equalities in educational standards are
found among State public school sys-
TENS Add to this the mounting con-
troversy over higher education proceed
ures, and you get first-rate blackboard
snafu. On its solution depends the edu-
cational well-being of generations to
come.
The last census in 1910 showed that
100000 Americans had never attend
ed school; that 13 per cent had not
completed the fourth grade; that Sc per
cent had not gone beyond the eighth
grade, and that rs per cent, three out Of
four, had not completed high school.
This was basic deficiency in our educa-
tional system, unrelated to the war
emergency.
Wide Variation in Salaries.
Also unrelated to the war is the
astonishing disparity in the level of edu-
cation among the various States. A re-
port of the American Council on Educa-
tion pointed out that in some States
pupils are housed in novels and taught
by nearly illiterate teachers" while else
where they attended schools that leave
nothing to be desired in beauty of sur
roundings, elegance of appointments, or
professional competence of staffs."
In the school year 1912 average cur
rent expenditures per student ranged
from $168 in New York State to $31 in
Mississippi. Length of the school year
varied from 187 days in Illinois to 146 in
Mississippi. Teachers salaries aver
aged $2,618 in New York and more than
$4,000 in New Jersey, Massachusetts and
California, but Mississippi paid an aver
age of only $517; Arkansas, $678; North
Dakota, $3.50, and Georgia, $806.
Rural sections in general are the for
gotten land in education. In 1939-1940
the average salary of all urban teach
ers was $959. The expense per pupil in
Evening star., 1946-02-24
School Systems Nearing Crisis

Overcrowded Buildings Woefuly Inadequate Teaching Stats
rocketing Enrolments Presenting Difficult Problem
A. Harris
Evening star., 1946-02-24

(See HARRIS, Page CD
Evening star., 1946-02-24

snip operation Intricate.
Like the ships of the Navy, the ships
OF the modern merchant marine are be-
coming more intricate and complicated
IN their operation. They will require
more highly educated and trained per-
sonnel, men who know the theory as
well as the practice of operation. In the
sngineroom are highly complicated ma
chinery installations, and no less on
deck, what with radar navigation, auto
matte fire-fighting systems and other
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-29
It's Industry's Turn

1t wasn't the President the unons that put the steel companies on the spot but of their fellow ndustrass Henry J. Kaiser. He not only met the 1Sl2-cen-an-hour wage increase urged compromise by Mir. Truman but also threw out couple of logical comments in the process that his industrial colleagues have had trouble m answering
 Mr. Kaiser said he couldn't conceive that cents (above the top U S. Steel offer of l5cen rise should be permit ted reard destroy the possibility of real peace ana prosperity for the nation
 Of course it has been and be argued that 3a cents hour more each of the hundreds of thousands of steel workers runs into millions. But at the same time S cents hour is small percentage of stees total labor cost ana an even smaller percentage of its total operating costs.
 If as U S Steel claims, 15 cents an hour is the top ln crease possible present steel prices must be concluded that this fractional addition to the labor cost would throw the company into the red unless prices raised must also be concluded that great corporations run on narrower margin than many of had supposed In fact 1t looks like downright bad business to plan the future operation o so vast an enterprise on so thinyslced percentage
 If on the other hand the big steel companies are bak ing at letting the unions wn at governmental inter ference with their business then change of heart Is Tn order Presidential pricesettng isn't ideal solution o our labor problems especially since Mr. Truman stated only
 few weeks ago that prcexing of his business and that he was deliberately avoiding it. But Mr. Truman has been forced try mprovise way out because o the antagonism of and labor the bad faith and bad feeling exhibited by both sides and their apparently deliberate inability to get along.
 No performance has been perfect Tn this unhappy industrial te-up Much public bitterness has been directed against labor and with considerable justice But now popular feeling may turn against management Labor after all didn't get all that it asked in the Presidents pro- posed settlement of the General Motors and steel disputes But labor is willing to abide by these settlements. It is now up management to make similar gesture Three and One-ha head is not too great price to pay for the industrial peace which quickly if economic disaster is to be averted.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-29
By Peter EdSOn

ceiling price Nobody can do anything to anyone foi selling below ceiling
 As the OPA Enforcement Division looks on this case however, it isn't a used car sale. It's new car purchase And what proposition number three really amounts is buying new car for $200 above ceiling price. That's black market.
 The dealer does have a couple of outs which would have to be checked carefully Under OPAs new car pricing regulations the dealer required to give the customer a reasonable" trade-in allowance on an old car The dealer may, however appraise an old car offered in trade on new car and estimate that it will take say $2OO to put the old car in condition for resale.
 On this basis if Dealer D could show you that r would take $2OO worth of spare parts and labor to put your old Whippersnapper Six in condition for resale, then he would be justified in making you an offer of only $500 trade-in allowance
 The dealer does have A certain margin to play with here If the dealer makes an estimate that 1t will cost 5000 to put a used car in resale condition and it turns out the repairs cost only $i5O OE1A would not consider it violation in selling the old car at the ceiling price of $500
 The dealer has further protection under used car price ceiling regulations There are really two allowable ceilings on a used car. One is specific -and-cents price cars sold as s That means without repairs The other ceiling allow able is a g percent markup to cover the cost of putting cars in saleable condition.
 Under all this latitude. 1t might be hard to get a court decision that ceiling price regulations had been violated the Whippersnapper deal outlined above.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-29

delivered to you in May or June.
 "2 I'll give you the ceiling price Of $500 cash for your used car as is and you can go buy new car any place you please.
 g. I'll allow you $500 on your used car and de- liver you a new car in three weeks"
 Proposition number three is obviously hold-up game to make you pay premium of $20O to get new car in a hurry If you want a that bad you'll be sucker enough to accept the deal. If no one finds out about it. you and the dealer can probably get away with it. But if your neighbors or that long list of people who placed their orders for new cars ahead of you find out about it, that might not be so good. And there is the further question of whether such a deal is legal under OPA maximum price regulations
 At first glance, it might appear that OPA regu- atons couldn't touch this On its face. it looks like selling a used car for less than the authorized
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-29
By Bill Cunningham

No employer could refuse to hire him just because he was a Nad.
 Its a misnomer to call this monstrosity. a bill to prohibit discrimination in employment, because of race, creed, color, national origin ancestry. Instead, this should be the caption bill to regu- late and control the tastes customs habits and man of life of the American people: to establish independence agency to dominate the executive branch of the government and to influence all policies of the government, whether foreign or domestic: to invite alien immigrants and assure them of employ ment to the detriment of the right of native-born Americans to work; to nationali2e all employment in industry, business, agriculture and commerce. and to promote a Communstic form of government for the United States"
 This goes on indefinitely. but if you think that's tough, in time of world travail. stand advised of other wrangle that has likewise stalled the boys for four days. That believe 1t or not, is fu-dress debate over the fact that the chaplans prayer of certain day was printed in the Congressional Record but not in the Congressional Journal.
 
 In the meanwhile, pickets parade. key industries are down. almost 100000 people are out cn strike. War wives are stalking Gen. Eisenhower. ana such matters the British loan. Russian relations get ting the still-undeveloped UNo out of the incubator all await handling Any progress being made is where the waklngs not dangerous.
 Hard digging around the Capitol failed to locate anybody who had anything especially brilliant t contribute concerning the labor situation The subjec Is politically dangerous of course, and any common for publication would naturally be carefully corsid cred. But from private conversion. the impression was unavoidable that the gentlemen, too. weren't offering anything because they are baffled as is the public. They don't like it, but they don't know what to do, and whatever they do is going to b called wrong by somebody so most of them bury themselves in committee work, or get out of towr to make speeches. The rest welcome a gilibuster or pitch piously into wrangle over the hidden mean ings. if any in the routine invocation of prelau of the day. the same having no authority and com mltting the body to nothing.
 From all local appearances. the next might issue will be President Trlmans proposal to spenG $l.e5OJOO0 to remodel the White House This ont seems to be building up in the House of Representa- tiyes with Rep. Smith of Virginia, and Brown O Ohio already on the front pages with thunderint protests. Important things such as that get instan can wait
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-29
The Trial of Dr. Maddy

Dr. Joseph Maddy called the turn correctly when he said he going to be kicked out of James Petro American Federation of Musicians of which he had been member for g years He didn't have to be cairvoyant to see it coming. For he offended Mr. Petrlo some three years ago by baking the atter sweeping authority and almost getting away with it. Few people, in or out of the ATM, balk MT. Petrilo these days.
 So the ATM executive board gave Dr. Maddy the old heayeho the other day. The doctors crime? Teaching music his National Music Camp in nterochen Mch after Mr. Petrillo had put it the unions unfair list
 And why the camp the unfair list? Well, that s not so simple. The ATM put teaching institution of limits before It hasn't since Music schools or music teachers aren't unonzed The ATM isn't concerned with teachers but with performers including those vtuosos who turn the platters for recorded broadcasts.
 Anyway Dr. Maddy is out of the union, after trial in which he charges he allowed to offer argu- ent or evidence Mr. Petro apparently has had his re venge But Dr. Maddy still has his music camp and hls position the University of Michigan faculty at least for fhe moment We hope he keeps them-but with MT. Petr- 10, you tell
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-29
By DnssO Pearson

! Ana R certain labor unions win not co.opesases hen the country win support President Truman, who hes been the consistent friend oI labor. .n uslng
 sAamr Chester Nlmlta, new Chief of Naval Opera. tons, was sitting In the Navy building bareer shop near captain h the naval reserve.
 rho four-striper, exchanged pleasantries with the former u a. Commander n the paciflc twice Fe- minded his superior that he had sufficient points to Ret out of service and seemed just as anxious to be separated as the average seaman first class.
 Smiling mischlevously, Nlmlts replied, T never thought I'd get enough points to get out of the Pa clilc"
 Controversial Gen. Clayton Blssell, long head of Military intelligence is being transferred out or uls key spot fils replacement will be It. Gen. Hoyt vandenberg, nephew of the COP Senator from Mich igan and one of the youngest lieutenant generals ln the Army, aged a. What makes veterans blood boil: When they drive up with their own truck to take delivery on surplus property and find the EtC has deal with the unions that only union trucks can haul surplus government property away. Ihis Is the situation ct DetroitS REC warehouse ... There's at least one public servant on Capitol Hil not on the government pay roll-"wlldcat," the Dig black and yellow tom cat which has helped rid the Ssrss Oil,Ss hssd oi Waiter Reed Hospital now get. ting In tune with General Elsenhowers oNsrs to speed demobilization when u1s have sufficient points He has called in medical technicians, hitheTte frozen, to tell them they can soon exit
 NAH. BAG-FrOm . corporal in the Marine COrps "on Nov 2s 1924, the cruiser on which was serving was crash-dived by Jap plane commonly referred to in the Navy as VAL dive bomber Upon examination, the engine was stamped Pratt & whitney, N. Y., ieSe'"
 From Pvt. Virgil M. Dix Barksdale Field Shreveport, La: When read of our sale of air- planes to Japan 1t looks as though We had to puho up an opponent much poor boxer Is built up to draw hgn gate receipts, before we knock him down, only in our it was tools of war that re suited in death and not phony knockout. You and I know that the war with Japan didn't start on December 2, lo4l but sometime during the year 1858 perhaps the first shot was fired at Pearl Harbor. but the foundation and cornerstone was laid in 1858
 During the year of 1898 was employed by tho Aluminium Company of America in the test labora- tory of the Cleveland forge plant Let t De under stood that say the following without any dislike TOT the company but as an American citizen feel 1t my duty to speak my thoughts. We forged thouSanos of propeller blades crank cases and nose-pleces Tor Japanese aircraft manufacturers, Mitusi and Mitsu- bishi do think that the people should see that Congress passes laws to see that industry doesnt sell us into another You have my permission to use my nane.'
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-29
EARTH BEAMS
CHartford Courant)


 If radar contact with the moon had occurred seven or eight years ago. it would have created a much greater sensation than the an- nouncement caused the other day, the march of science has been so accelerated these past few years that even this two-way passage of en- ergy directed to another planet and back is met with relatively little excitement. It is not so sensa- tional perhaps as the atomic bomb, put it illustrates vividly the man. ner in which modern science is reaching out into the unknown in both the microscopic ana the mac roscopic universe. On the one hand man is tampering with the smallest particles of matter in breaking down the atom: or the other he is reaching out into in- terstellar space.
 It is difficult for the layman to comprehend the implications of these man-made earth beams, but 1t is certain that it marks a mile- stone iD mans effort to understand the universe. The next step, con- tact with Venus. will be much more difficult. Venus in its nearest as- pect is about 26 million miles away, about one hundred times further from the earth than is the moon. However, this is a mere quantitative problem, and will doubtless be solved eventually.
 The War Department has already suggested that it might be possible to construct detailed typographical maps of distant planets, although skeptics believe thath biueprinting the stars is still a project that will not be realized in immediate future. One study that is immediately feaS- ible, however, is the comparison of velocities between light and radio waves: It should be possible to do this with greater precision now because the distance between the earth and moon will be the longest measured distance over which these velocities have been compared.
 And so, as scientific man march, eS on in the vanguard. the gap be- tween himself and social man, be- set by conflicts within himself and with his fellow creatures, grows ever greater.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-29


 ner When labor raises wages in the cities, this sucks labor away from the farms Whertupon the farmer has Co raise farm wages in order to compete with the cities. This In turn increases his cost of production forcing him to increase prices or go out of business,
 At present, the farmer can't increase prices be- cause of OpA. So the government recognizing the injustice of his higher operating costs, gives him subsidy. When this subsidy is removed he will have to increase prices-unless operating costs are rec duced. And the current strike wave b constantly forcing up the cost of labor.
 All this operates in vicious circle. For the minute food prices go up, labor will come in for more wage increases, based upon the cost of living
 Organized labor, of course, can better take care of itself. But unorganized and unprotected are great body of whitecollar workers, unsklled labor, plus the midde-class businessmen who get squeezed in between This is the group which is getting sorer and sorer at labor. There was time when they were sympathetic, but not now. This is the red flag of public opinion which organized labor needs to watch
 The meat and steel strikes are two illustrations of how the wageprce circle spreads like waves from a pebble in pool.
 When the price of steel goes up, as it will by A a ton, every user of steel-from automobiles to io-penny nailscan come in and get price increase This sends up the cost of living for everyone
 Unquestionably, the 100000 steel workers deserve an increaseSBu some midway line must be drawn where the burden is not passed on to the public. Otherwise, with the cost of living up, all unions will be coming back for another raise.
 Meat-paekng economics are even more illustra- tive Everyone eats meat. The meat-workers deserve wage increase. It is a low-paid industry But, If wages go too high there is no way to escape ncreas- ing the price of meat This means trouble for every housewife and never-ending circle of new wage de- mands.
 All this illustrates the fact that the government must exercise the power of arbiter in these disputes It must set the middle ground. The old War Labor Board should never have been abolished, but, since it was abolished, President Truman still has the power without an Act of Congress to creat new Board.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-29
Interdependence

Returning veterans have pretty well solved the man. power problem in the rubber industry gather from statement by the B. F. Goodrich Company The company has reempoyed than 2800 of its eXserVcemen, and has hired $500 other veterans for the first time
 This is pleasant at time when public attention s directed toward strikes curtaed production and the various plghts of the homecoming veteran. It helps eX plain why in spite of strikes unemployment is far below VI Day estimates for this period and why business gen orally is in better shape than would to have right to be- Rubber like many other industries suffered during the from lack of strong experienced workers This deficiency is being remedied.
 But demand for tires for old not unsuitable, especially since the war-weary bugges leaving the road i increasing numbers. There remains vast market for new tires But if the steel strike continues long and if with that settled automobile strikes should contnue of ay-os might in rubber and simi- lar dependent industries apparently well set All of
 which tends illustrate again the nterdependence of economy, and to temper momentary optimism.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-29
In nTOday'S Mail
LIBERTY AND JUSTICE
 FOR ALL"

TUX ALL
 Greenup, H.,
 Jan. 24, 1946. Editor of The Democrat:
 A few weeks ago I sent an &C., count of the Case of George E. Beyerl, a so-called patient at tine Fairfield State hospital. to five Con- necticut papers of which yours was one. This was in the interests of liberty and justice for this man and thousands of others, all over the country. It was said to be too long to publish. One paper said it would take two columns. George E. Beyeri's case is not cleared up, and he is no longer heard from. I would like to find out if you and the people reading your paper know that the arrangements Of Mental Hygiene and medical bodies are that thousands of people as sane as anyone ever is are kept for life in the so-called mental hospi- tals because no one outside cares enough about them, or about lib- erty and justice, to accept their pa- role. They are not "convalescents" needing supervision or adjust ment," they are sane people. neeo- ing only jobs.
 While the constant cry is for more money flor the mentally ill.," instead of using some of the money now appropriated to secure jobs for these people. establishing their san- ity with employers and others, the money goes to keep them impr.s- ond in slavery for life. Isn't it cruelty trapping people, to urge them to come into the mental hospitals and be cured" and then cooily keep them when no mental disease ex- ists in them? Isn't it wicked mis- use of public money? If it was method of the Germans or the Jap anese, what would you say about it.
 EDITH G. c. GRAPE, M. D.