davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1946-11-29

Kansas is ideally situated for
agriculture, but it took a pillow to
break the sod. Where William F.
Cody used to hunt buffalo are the
greatest wheat lands in the world.
Kansas produces more wheat than
any other state in the union-almost
one-fourth of the entire United
States crop. 1t is first in milling
and wheat storage. Corn, alfalfa,
hay, sorghum, broom corn, sudan
grass, potatoes, sugar beets, barley,
flax, rye, soybeans, vegetables,
fruits, truck crops-Kansas produces
almost everything that is grown on
a farm.
Rich in Resources.
Kansas finds riches below as well
as above the surface of her rolling,
fertile acres. Kansas is one of the
leaders in oil production, with its
companion, natural gas. Lead and
zinc are mined extensively. Coal
is produced in most parts of the
state. Under Kansas is enough
salt to last 100000 years! Volcanic
ash, gypsum, limestone, clays and
other resources are mined in Kan
sas. 1t is an important source
of helium gas.
As the geological center of the
United States, Kansas was-and
is-the land of trails. Those who
sought land in Oregon, gold in
California or Colorado, trade
with the Mexicans in Santa Fee,
or cattle from Texas, used Kan
sas as highway.
The Santa F'e Trail, the California
and Oregon Trails, the Butterfield
Trail, the Smoky Hill Route, Over
land Trail, Pony Express Route,
Jim Lane Trail and the cattle trails
from Texas, including the Chisholm,
Old Shawnee, Ellsworth and West
ern Trails, all used Kansas for a
right-of-way.
Kansas today bears some of the
scars of long ago-ruts made by
thousands of covered wagons and
hooves of cattle among them. Lone
ly graves still may be found, and
bride bits, parts of wagons and 9TH
er mute reminders of the past are
picked up occasionally by grandchil-
dren of the pioneers.
Kansas is great, not only as one
of the food-producing states of the
nation, but as a great family of
people who retain much of the pio-
neer spirit. They stuck it out few
generations ago. And Kansans are
still "sticking it out" for freedom
of thought and of action, and for the
right to progress by their own eff
forts.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1946-11-29

Whether for or against slavery,
Kansas settlers lived in log huts,
shake houses, sod shanties, dug
outs and other humble shelters, u.s.
ing grass, brush and buffalo chips
for fuel. The "sod crop" was corn
and corn they ate! Corn bread,
parched corn, hominy, corn-meal
mush-they boiled corn, fried it,
baked it, stewed it. Fortunately,
they had beef, pork and milk to go
with it, and a coffee substitute,
made of dried sweet potatoes, dried
green okra. and parched wheat
ground together and boiled.
Would Kansas be slave or free
territory? On its first election day
in 1855, hundreds of Missourians
with rifles on their shoulders, six
shooters in their belts and liberal
supply of whiskey in their wag-
ons" crossed the border and voted.
All of the pro-slavery candidates
except one were elected! And when
the bogus legislature" met in July,
the Missouri slave code was the law
of Kansas.
The curtain-raiser to the Civil
war was fought in Kansas. Men
were murdered in cold blood.
Border ruffians ravaged anti
slavery settlements. John Brown
and his sons took up the chal-
lenge and took after the slave
holders. BLEEDING Kansas" was
no misnomer during the next
few years. But gradually the
anti-slavery forces won and
Kansas became a free state.
Only two slaves were listed in
the census of 1860.
Many notables have trod the Kan
sas stage. Heading the list is Gen.
Dwight D. Eisenhower, great mill
tary leader of World War II.
Frontier Personages.
The history of the Old West is rep
resented by such Kansas personages
as "Wild Bill'' Hickock, the mar
shall of Abilene, and Buffalo Bill,
the scout. Carrie Nation and her
saloon-busting Ratchet also brought
the state into the limelight.
In Statuary hall in the nations
capitol is the figure of John J. In
gals, senator, orator, essayist, poet.
Ed Howe, the sage of Potato Hill,
and his contemporaries, Walt Ma
son and William Allen White of the
Emporia Gazette, were Kansas
folks.
But the unknown soldier, the
unhonored hero, of Kansas is the
man who introduced the pillow.
He was not glamorOus figure,
and his hands were gnarled and
blistered and bent to the shape
of a pillow handle.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1946-11-29

CHIEF EXECUTIVE Gov.
Andrew F. Schoeppel is a native
Kansan, born in Claflin in Barton
county. A former lawyer and vet
eran of World War I, he was a
member of the Kansas Corpora
ton commission until he was
elected governor in 1912.
post office on the Sante Fe Trail,
and an equal number of civilians at
Indian missions, stage stations and
trading posts.
The question of slavery i'm
mediately plunged Kansas into
bloodshed. Even before the Kan
sas-Nebraska bill was signed,
MissOurians who favored slav-
cry slipped across the border
and founded Leavenworth and
Atchison.
But Eli Thayer found 20 men in
New England who were willing to
emigrate to Kansas, settle on the
prairie, be neighbors to Indians and
fight Shareholders. DR.. Charles Rob-
inson brought a second party of anti
slavery emigrants, including four
musicians, from Boston to settle at
Lawrence. Congress had decreed
that Kansas would decide the ques-
ton of slavery for itself. And Kan
sans set out to do it in their own
way.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1946-11-29

birds and stenciled lettering
- decorate this useful bulletin
board. 1t also has a decorated
trough at the bottom to hold chalk
and thumbtacks for you can write
on it as well as use it for pin-ups.
1t has many practical uses that
will make the household run more
smoothly.
1t is made from a piece of plywood
painted with a special black mixture that
you can prepare easily from the formula
gwen on ., me pau.e d tr Inc oee1 h Nv,
out with a hand coping saw or jig saw.
The stenciling may be done with wax
crayon or paint.
Pattern 267 gives complete directions
for making with actual size cutting
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1946-11-29
By EDWARD EMERINE

WNU Feature.
1--WE do not live, but only stay,
And are too poor to get away"
Life on the frontier is always
hard. 1t was doubly hard in
Kansas where the pioneers had
to endure border wars over slav-
cry, bad men, drouths, grass
hoppers, billiards. and dust
storms, in addition to the ordi-
nary hardships of a new coun-
try. But they stuck it out.
They stuck it out-and sticking
it out" until the battle is won is still
a characteristic of Kansas people.
Perhaps it was the crucible of those
early years that steeled and tenn
pered the Kansas spirit which con-
quered the prairies. They stuck it
out, rose above the trials of the hour
and developed that rare sense of
humor which enables Kansas people
to laugh at themselves and the fol-
bles of mankind.
Despite Coronado and other Span
ish explorers, and French traders,
Kansas remained Indian and buff
falo country for two centuries after
English colonists settled in New
England and Virginia.
Slow in Settlement.
It was not until the Kansas-Ne-
braska bill was passed in 1854 that
the land was opened to settlement.
At that time the entire white popu-
lation of Kansas consisted of about
700 soldiers, based at Forts Leaven-
worth and Riley and Walnut Creek
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1946-11-29

One of the most romantic roles IN
Kansas history was played by the
Texas-Kansas cattle trails and the
wild frontier towns which became
shipping points for the herds.
It was Joseph G. Mccoy who first
decided to do something about a
market for Texas cattle. There were
millions of the cattle, and they were
more valuable than the buffalo
which roamed the Kansas prairies.
At first, Kansas towns weren't
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1946-11-29

interested in Texas cattle, at least
most of them weren't. But Abilene
was, although it was only a small
dead place consisting of about
dozen log huts."
AS soon as Mccoy started building
his depot at Abilene, the village
awakened and teemed with activity.
BY 1870 there were hotels, 10
boarding houses, 9 or 10 saloons
and other business places. One of
the first buildings, of course, was
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1946-11-29

the jail. Sidewalks were of wood
and soon trembled and clattered as
boot heels clomped on them.
Kansas COW towns held the spot
light of the frontier. There were
Ellsworth, Newton, Wichita (larger
and noisier than most) and finally
Dodge City toughest of them ally.
For 10 years Dodge City was the
wickedest town in the country. But
it fought hard to gain that distinc-
ton!
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1946-11-29
This Honne-Mixed
Cough Relief
Is Wonderful

No Cooking. So Easy. Saves Dollars.
To get the most surprising relief
from coughs due to colds, you can
easily prepare a medicine, right In
your own kitchen. It's very easy-a
child could do it-needs no cooking,
and tastes so good that children take
It willingly. But you'll say it's hard
to beat for quick results.
First, make a syrup by stirring 2
cups Of granulated sugar and one cup
Of water few moments. until dis
solved. Or you can use corn syrup
or liquid honey. instead Of sugar
syrup. Get ~ ounces of Pinex from
any druggist, and pour it into a pint
bottle. Fill up with your syrup. This
gives you a full pint of really splen-
did cough syrup-about four times
as much for your money. It never
spoils, and lasts a long time.
And it gives quick relief. It acts
in three ways-loosens the phlegm,
soothes the irritated membranes, and
helps clear the air passages.
Pinex is a special compound Of
proven ingredients, in concentrated
form. well known for quick action
in coughs and bronchial irritations.
Money refunded If it doesn't please
you in every way.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1946-11-29

CCALLOPS down the front dis
- tinguish this charming daytime
frock. The belt ties softly in front,
and there's the popular high slit
neckline. Picture it in a striped
grey flannel or jewel-tone solid
tones. You'll wear it all winter
with pride.
Pattern No. 80O7 is for sizes IL. IA. 16.
10, 20: 40 and AZ. Size IA requires 33s
yards of IS or 39-inch.
Send today for the Fail and Winter
FASHIONS pages of smart, easy to
make styles. specially designed fashions.
page Of farm frocks. free crochetinE in
structions. free printed belt pattern in the
book. Price 25 cents.
Send your order to-:
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1946-11-29
ARE YOU PALE
WveAK.JlRe0
dua to MONTHLY LOSSES?

UuU " mONuuIu IUSSIS:
You girls and women who lose 50
much during monthly periods that
you're pale. weak. dragged OUT
this may be due to lack Of blood-iron-
30 try Lydia E. Pinkham's TABLETS
one Of the best homo ways to
build up red blood-in such cases.
Pinkhams Tablets are .one Of the
best blood-tron tonics you can buyi
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1946-11-29
Decorated Bulletin Board of Plywood
Has Many Practical Uses in Home
By Ruth Wyeth Spears

guides for all shaped pieces. Stencil de.
signs and color guide are included. The
stencils, for the quaint Dutch birds and
hearts may be used over and over in dec.
Grating many different articles. To get
this pattern. send IS cents with name and
address direct to
Evening star., 1946-05-20

The lingerie was deicately hand ap-
pliqued in satin designs. The
blouses featured hand tucked yokes,
fronts, and other fine self trim de-
tail. The longer hemline was OBJ
vious in everything that was shown
Color was used with a daring and
brilliant hand in the Innings and
blouses of the suits and coats.
Corduroy, cotton fabric. natur-
ally is more prevalent in Paris. This
material was used for bright
green raincoat and hood which was
lined in gay cotton print. It's
use in many other designs was
stressed Another interesting ma
terial was a hand woven cotton
This was used in the styling of a
simple shirt type dress with wrap
around skirt. Rare, pure dye silks
and satins were used sparingly, kept
for the most part for blouses.
Mr.. Charles Armour's own inter-
pretations of the Paris designs will
be presented again in his Fall show
ings. These will be available, loc-
ally. at the Washington store which
sponsored this Paris display.
Evening star., 1946-05-20
By Jane Clark

effects, and intricate detailing, will
come American adaptations. 1t is
true that Partisan dress Is, In most
instances, too extreme for the
American woman's taste. How
ever, Paris ability to set style trends
in this country, based on extreme
pace setting designs, is surely their
role in tomorrow's fashion world.
Outstanding details among the
models shown, and those which will
definitely influence the Fall fashion
picture were capes, soft shoulder
draped effects on coats, brief flowing
capelike suit coats over slim skirts,
intricate dress drapery through the
waist and bustlines, widely winged
sleeves, and much back interest in
evening and street dress through the
use of button closings, hustle drap-
cries, and hipline draped fullness.
The women in the audience gasped
audibly over the daringly low cut
necklines on many of the dresses.
However, they relaxed when they
saw that in the American adapta-
tions of these dresses the same
beautifully cut 'necklines were used
but modified in the lowness OF the
cut or filed in softly with shadowy
or lacy materials. The lingerie and
blouses were. perfect examples of
the traditionally beautiful work.
manship of French seamstresses
Evening star., 1946-05-20
Paris Came to WASHINGTON

Paris came to Washington this
week when Charles Armour, Ameri-
can designer, staged his show of
original Paris couturier designs in a
local hotel. Fashion minded Wash
ington women were the first in the
Nation to be allowed to view this
show of Partisan styles and their ap-
probation was evidenced in the at
mosphere of high excitment and ex-
pectation which accompanied the
show.
Charles Armour in his introduc-
tory speech emphasized the ex-
tremely trying conditions under
which these costumes were designed
and executed. Partisan artistry is
tragically hindered by lack of food
and fuel, along with other great
hardships. Coupled with these basic
lacks, are the shortages which di-
rectly hinder the making of fash
ions. A fabric shortage that is des-
perate, no machinery, and little ma
terial with which to do the neces-
sary dyeing of fabrics in order to
achieve effects, are only few. The
designs presented here were made
stitch by stitch with icy cold fingers,
in frigid salons, often by couturiers
and seamstresses who had not had
sufficient food in many months.
Despite circumstances, as Mr.. Ar
mour pointed out, the love of the
French for fashion artistry could
not be stifled. Today they are again
engaged in creating costumes which
will be influential in setting the
world wide fashion pace.
The designs shown were rendered,
for the most part, by Paris designers
whose names have been famous for
many years in this country. How
ever, it was of interest that several
we're presentations of young de-
signers who started dress making
only at the close of the war. These
new contributions appeared to be
equally important in the lineup
with the well known designers
Among the French haute couture
represented were Jean Patou, Schia-
parelli, Balenciaga, Jeanne Lanvin,
Faith, a young designer, and num-
ber of others.
From the Paris costumes, with
their extreme lines, exquisite draped
Evening star., 1946-05-20

and spices. Cover the top with a pie
crust and bake in moderate over
$50 degrees until done, about one
hour. When cold, break the crust
into the apple mixture and place or
the fire to simmer for few minutes
When we'll cooled serve with cream
GUPPIES.
From Mr.. w. p Alexandria,
To Mrs. E. B. c.. Washington, on
the raising of guppies: First of all
If you do not have one, I would sug-
gest that you get rectangular tank
which has capacity of 21a or gal
Ions. Then put in plenty of floating
plants, such as cabomba or myrio-
phyllum. (Be sure that the plants
are thoroughly washed) These
plants can usually be bought by the
bunch at the dime" store and they
are recognized by their fine, hairlike
leaves. The plants provide a hiding
place for the young, as the parents
are very cannibaliStic. Set up your
tank and let the water age for a
few days Let me say here that un-
less something happens that sours
the water, you NEVER need to
change it. All that is necessary to
do is to add water to make up for
evaporation. In fact, too many water
changes are definitely harmful to
the fish. Be sure that you have a
pair of guppies. The male can be
recognized by his bright colors, while
Evening star., 1946-05-20

Of cooling colors, such as
greens and blues. PennsyI-
vonio Dutch pine furniture
has been used throughout
all Of the rooms. Odd bibe-
lots have been fitted in, to
lend q charming and per-
sonoI touch. The little odd
table in front of the fireplace
is q eobbIer's bench which
hos been done over.
The runpus room, which
houses q smart bar arrange
ment, is oIso used for din
ing. Don't let the foIse
front of the separated wall
CUPBOARD deceive you! Ihe
back Of the bottom hoIf
houses oil of the poropher-
MALTA which goes into the
serving Of drinks. Maple
furniture hos been mixed
with pine and the Penn
Dutch theme obounds.
Breokfostwore painted with
houses, trees, quaint figures
carries out the motif.
-EIeni Sokes.
Evening star., 1946-05-20

SO you want to get owoy
from it all? Well, there's
no better ontidote for thot
type Of feeling than hieine
yourself to the mountains.
Horace Greeley soid, go
West, young man" and we're
not the person to contradict
the gentleman, but we will
soy that the Eost has more
than q eoodly share of
mountainous terrain. In
foct, the Poconos chain and
the Adirondocks are the
base upon which several in
terror decorators have
worked out new designs, and
the above pictures show
what can be done to make q
mountain retreat q really
sumptuous spot for hot and
humid days out of town.
We asked the decorators
about three new rooms-two
Of which ore shown-thot
they had whipped up, and
discovered several things
thot ought to be passed on.
Extensive use has been made
Evening star., 1946-05-20

bay leaf, a teaspoon of salt and a
good dash of pepper. Cook the
tongue for two to two and one half
hours, depending upon its size, then
remove it to platter, reduce the
gravy and serve this from side dish
as the tongue is passed.
BY keeping the gravy separate,
you can use the leftover tongue
cold the next day in several diff
ferent ways. 1t is fine cut into
julienne strips in chefs salad; il
makes wonderful lunch box sand
wiches; it may be cut in cubes anc
jellied to make tongue -aspic ring:
it may be chopped fine and mixec
with little mayonnaise and horse.
radish to make cocktail appetizers
also have mixed the minced tongue
with blue cheese to stuff celery stalk.
as warm weather first course fol
! supper
Evening star., 1946-05-20
By the Chef

to take off the outer skin. Put 1t in
large bowl.
Now, pour l cup of spiced vinegar
or spiced wine-use allspice, pepper,
cloves, ginger and a nubbin Of
crushed garlic-over the tongue and
soak four hours turning occasionally
Heat Dutch oven or similar con-
tainer and put into it tablespoon OF
bacon drippings or other fat Take
the tongue from the liquid, flour it
lightly and brown it quickly in the
heated Dutch oven, with one large
chopped onion. After it is Drowned
on all sides, pour in the liquid in
which it had been soaking, add
cups of boiling water and let it all
cook slowly
AS it cooks along. add y cup OF
tomato juice or pulp, 2 grated car.
rots, y cup of chopped celery, half 9
Evening star., 1946-05-20
Beef Tongue Good, Cold or Hot

With many meats hard to get in
some sections, 1t is well to be on the
lookout for the more unusual items
that crop up Unexpectedly in the
market from time to time. Beef
tongue is one of these-and 1t can be
prepared so that it is equally good
hot or cold, and therefore does
double duty in the home.
Men, as rule, like tongue and an
amateur chef I know has worked
out special recipe for cooking one
that I long have cherished in my
files.
First, buy a large, fresh tongue
and have the butcher trim it, re-
moving any roots and fibers. Wash
it well, put 1t in a kettleful of cold
water and let it come to a boil. Let
it boil for five minutes only, take it
out of the water and cool it enough
Evening star., 1946-05-20

Old?
Bv Josebhine Lovman

Dp JOSepHtnG LOIOmQn
Today practically every one knows
that overweight and a short life
span seem to be connected. OF
course, there are exceptions but
statistics high light this fact to such
an extent that we must take it seri-
ously. Your body works under a
much greater strain when you have
too many pounds and your organs as
well as your curves are encased in
fatty deposits!
Overweight makes you more sus-
ceptible to the degenerative diseases
Of middle age and predisposes you to
fatigue, awkward movement, fallen
arches, broken veins in the legs,
backache and skin and hair troubles.
II you are the unhappy possessor Of
too many pounds this is splendid
time Of year to lose them. Summer
Is just around the calender and you
will go through the hot weather
more comfortably as you become
simmer. You will once again be
able to enjoy sports and outdoor
life and movement will no longer
be a burden.
II you have great deal of weight
to lose think 1t will help you to
stick to a routine If you will break
the long journey back to correct
weight up into small pieces. If you
have 50 pounds to lose it will take
from four to five months to do so
safely and beautifully. without re-
sufting flabbiness and loss of vitality.
Think Of the period in terms of .
month at a time.
At first you can go on a we'll
planned but rigid diet which gives
you loss of from five to ten pounds
in nine days time and provides about
a thousand calories day. A quick
loss at the beginning of long
period of reduction is encouraging
to the reducer.
Exercise should play an important
part in your weight loss routine
unless there is some organic or
systemic condition which makes
this inadvisable Exercise is vital
because it firms the body as you
lose pounds and thus avoids fabbi-
ness. 1t is also a great aid in dis
itributing weight attractively. If you
will concentrate on exercises which
are corrective to the measurements
most out of proportion you will
achieve loss in inches which would
be impossible otherwise.
Today I give you mild abdominal
exercise. Sit on the floor with your
legs straight. Bend the elbows and
lean back on the lower arms. While
in this position bend the left knee
up close to the stomach. Kick toward
the ceiling with the left leg, straight
ening the left knee. Lower the left
leg to the floor with a stiff knee.
Do the same thing with the right
leg and continue, alternating left
and right.
If you wish to have my "Nine
Day Diet" which gives you loss Of
from five to ten pounds depending
on your metabolism) send stamped
self-addressed envelope with your
request for leaflet No. 80 to jose
phine Lowman in care of The Eve
ming Star.
Evening star., 1946-05-20

Flower spray of pink roses. and
purple violets make this one-piece
blouse an important item in your
summer wardrobe. The blouse is
quickly made and easy to embroider.
Pattern envelope contains hot
Iron transfers for 2 designs plus a
tissue pattern for sizes IA, 16 and 18.
Our 60-page multicolored book of
Needle Arts containing five free pat
terms, and many other suggestions
for dressing up your home and
yourself is now available. Send your
request for this book to the address
listed below, inclosing twenty cents
(20c) in coins to cover the cost and
mailing charges.
Send Is cents (coin) for Pattern
No. R2247 to Needle Arts Dept, The
Washington Star, P. o. Box 172
Station D, New York 3, N. Y. Please
include your postal zone number.