davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-08-27
1t Can Be BOUGHT

The District Health Department
has announced for the fifth consec-
utive year a reduction in the general
death rate for Washington, bringing
1t to the lowest figure in the city's
history. There were also correspond
ingly low death rates from certain
diseases and for the second consecu-
tive year there were no deaths from
diphtheria-a blessing that can be
attributed directly to the diphtheria
immunization program in the public
schools.
There is theory, in public health
work, expressed in the axiom
that Public health is purchasable. !"
In other words, public health is
available when there is the money
to buy it. And in this connection 1t
Is interesting to compare the ap-
preparations for public health in
Washington over the past ten years
with some of the death rates that
serve as rough indices of the health
OF a community. In the following
table the general death rate is ex-
pressed in deaths per thousand of
population; death rates from spe-
cif1c causes in deaths per hundred
thousand:
Evening star., 1946-08-27

There are many factors Wnlcn IN
fuence disease and death rates 9TH
er than the amount of public funds
spent for public health and the ap-
preparations listed above would be
more significant if expressed in per
capita rather than total figures. But
1t is more than a coincidence that
the increased expenditures in Wash
ington for public health are accom-
panied by a steady improvement In
community health. The remarkable
reduction in the tuberculosis death
rate is undoubtedly the result of the
intelligent campaign against that
disease conducted-with increased
funds-by the Health Departments
Bureau of tuberculosis. And in 9TH
er respects the Health Department
is demonstrating very clearly to
Washingtonians that Public health
Is purchasable."
Evening star., 1946-08-27
This Changing World
BY Constantine Brown

In spite of the lip service Marshal
Tito has given to the American ulti-
matum. the general international situa-
tion continues to be tense.
For reasons of diplomatic strategy,
the American Government will not
speculate on the conjecture that the
small Yugoslav fighter force belonging
to the 4th Army had been tipped off
about the departure of the unarmed
American transport planes by the Rus
slams from Vienna. Neither has there
been any public discussion about the
fact that the Yugoslav aviation at
tackled defenseless transport planes in
stead Of the hundreds of American and
British military planes Marshal Tito
said had been flying unlawfully over
Yugoslavia.
A sovereign country has the right
to order any foreign plane away and
Tito's position unquestionably would
have been stronger had his airmen
challenged military planes.
The two American planes which were
shot down were piloted by military
f1iers who knew only too well that they
did not have a chance against the fast
Yugoslav lease-lend fighters. Under
these circumstances there Is not the
slightest doubt that had they been
given chance they would have obeyed
the Yugoslav orders. Men who have
had war experience, like the pilots of
the two United States planes, would
not have risked their machines and
passengers when ordered to land by
armed planes.
X 4
These facts have strengthened the
belief of our Government that Tito
was ordered to create major incident
involving lives of American citizens
so as to muddle the international situa-
ton further.
The Ukranian request that the Greek
government be cited before the Security
Council because it endangers the peace
of the world by its aggressive attitude
toward its neighbors in the Balkans is
regarded as following the same pattern.
1t has been known since 1914 in mill
tary quarters in Washington and Lon
don that military preparations were
made on Greece's borders by members
of the Pan-Slav fraternity" and by
the Greek Communists who had failed
Evening star., 1946-08-27

tives constitute 81 per cent of the popu-
lation and the anglos only 43. However
before the big depression and the msti-
tuition Of WPA and other monetary aids
by the Roosevelt administration, many
OF the so-called native counties-in
which the natives predominated-had
been Republican, and 1t is to these
former Republicans that Gen. Hurley
is appealing.
The Democratic party was torn wide
open in the primary fight last June
between Senator Chavez and Gov. Demp-
sey. Mr.. Dempsey was defeated, and
the question in Republican as we'll as
Democratic minds is what effect If any
this primary battle will have on the
election and whether the Dempsey
Democrats will cut Senator Chavez The
reports brought back to Washington are
that it will not have sufficient effect to
defeat Senator Chavez per Sc, and that,
If Gen. Hurley is to win, it must be
because Of other factors-for example,
his own popularity and discomfort Of
voters with the Democratic administra-
ton, National and State.
The Chavez followers are undertaking
to paint Gen. Hurley as an interloper,
"carpetbagger" from Oklahoma and
Virginia, where he has had home.
However, Gen. Hurley has been resi-
dent" of New Mexico for the last IL
years-except when he has been trav-
cling. Senator Hatch, Democrat. max
ing speech for his colleague not long
ago, referred to Hurley as stranger,
a newcomer to the State. But Gen.
Hurley is no stranger to New Mexico.
He drilled the first oil well III the
State quarter of century ago at
Artesia. After Hatch had made his
speech, some one in Artesia put up
placard reading: Pat Hurley-drilled
New Mexico's first oil well at Artesia."
Gen. Hurley served in France during
the World War, rising from the rank
of captain to colonel and receiving sew
eral decorations for gallantry and meri-
torious service. In the Hoover admin
istration he was first Assistant Secre-
tary OF War and then Secretary The
late President Roosevelt chose him as
a rowing envoy to handle difficult situa-
tions in the Far East, in Russia and
elsewhere. He narrowly missed death
on some Of these expeditions. He was
appointed Minister to New Zealand in
1912, and Ambassador to China in 1914
Evening star., 1946-08-27

to grab power In Athens and make the
country into another Russian satellite.
According to reliable information
here. a Macedonian republic with an
army of its own was established about
18 months ago The army is composed
of Albanian, Yugoslav, Bulgarian and
Greek Communist elements. 1t is be-
ing commanded by Soviet general and
receives equipment from the U. S. S. r.
Strategically 1t Is component part of
the Yugoslav and Albanian armies. The
latter Is the most recent creation of the
U. S. s. r. and won It's first battle chew
rons when Its artillery opened fire on
two British cruisers some eight weeks
ago.
Moscow has been eying Greece COW
etously ever since the country's liberia
ton. The dispatch of two British divi-
sions to Greece brought loud protests
from Russia. All the theological satel-
lites of the U. S. S. r. in this country
and abroad joined in the chorus al
though it was known that President
Roosevelt had fully approved the send
ing OF the British troops to Greece.
Their presence has prevented the
seizure Of the government by the
ELIAS, q Soviet-sponsored Greek Com
munist organization.
There have been rumblings in the
last few weeks that there will be re-
newed domestic troubles in Greece this
fall. Hostile forces are concentrated
on all its borders ready to intervene
as soon as the expected troubles break
out According to reports received in
official quarters in Washington, they
are expected to occur during the
plebiscite for the return of King George
to the throne
The much -harassed Athens govern
ment is worried about the very shaky
domestic, political and economic situa-
tion and is certainly in no position to
look for trouble outside.
Yet the representative of the
Ukraine, which is as much component
part of the U. S. S. r. as the District
of Columbia is of the United States,
demands that Greece be brought be-
fore the bar of the U. N as nation
likely to threaten the peace Of the
world.
(Released by the Bell Syndicate. Inc)
Evening star., 1946-08-27
The'POlitiCal Mill
By Gould Lincoln

Pat Hurley, soldier. diplomat, lawyer,
oil operator, has set out this year to
bring New Mexico back to the Republican
fold - seeking election to the United
States Senate. He has entered the con-
test with the same zest for adventure
which has filled his life since he was
boy, born in the Choctaw Nation, Indian
Territory (now Oklahoma). In fact, he
is covering New Mexico like the dew
visiting every county in that huge State
the fourth largest in the Union. He
has already spoken at least 100 times,
and the campaign has still more than
two months to go.
Veteran of two world wars, in both
Of which he served with distinction,
Gen. Hurley has attracted unusually
large crowds. Neither he nor his sup
porters, however, count on the unusual
turnout for his meetings as sure sign
he will win in the November election
against the sitting Senator Chavez. They
do believe, however, that with proper
organization, reaching into every voting
precinct, Gen. Hurley has fair, indeed,
an even chance to win.
+
New Mexico, since the depression OF
1929, has not elected Republican Sen
ator-nor has it had a Republican Sem
ator since the death Of the late Bronson
Cutting in 1885. Cuttings term Of ofnce
would have expired in 1941. Senator
Chavez first came to the upper house
to fill the vacancy caused by the death
Of Senator Cutting, under appointment
by Democratic Governor Since then
he has twice been elected-once in 1886
and once in 1940,' both times when the
late Franklin d. Roosevelt was sweeping
the country as the Democratic nominee
for President. But in earlier days the
State did go Republican.
When first admitted to statehood it
sent two Republicans to the Senate-in
1911-and it has had over the years the
same number Of Republican Senators
as Democratic. Senator Chavez won re-
election in 1910 with vote of 103, ,194 to
81,257 for his Republican opponent. This,
of course, is sizable lead.
In a measure the contest between
Messrs. Chavez and Hurley is racial
affair. The population is divided to all
intents and purposes between natives"
(who are of Spanish and Mexican blood
and "angloS" (all other residents. The
numerical advantage in this division is
strictly with Senator Chavez-a repre-
sentative of the ''natives"-for the ma
Evening star., 1946-08-27
Country Coiffures
The great blond moon ,uashes her q

The great blond moon ,uashes her shin.
ing hair
IN tpaters trothed NTH stars, and
bGlsdm- scented,
While poplars posture on the. HUI, and
tDedr
Their upsweeps proudly. Shado,Ds.
,Dind-toTnaented,
Shake dark and unkenspt names; q pins
tree bristIes
Upon her needle carpet OF soft brotD,,s::
Along the country roadside shG1cy
thistIes
Teeter, and nod their sleepy, purple
cr0tDns.
Sleek meado,o grasses CLEAN and fall In
place
As ,oindy combs arrange and sculpture
them,
Lacquered Nth de,o and tringed NTH
cdrrot-ldce,
They tpait for da,rn to place her did-
dem.
The nioht-trnin hurries from the rdHey.
screaming
Her smoky hair flung out behind her,
streaming.
CosETTE MIDDLETON.
Evening star., 1946-08-27

acknowledgment of guilt and complete
reparation from the Yugoslav govern
ment the prestige of the United States
in Europe and consequently our ability
to exert our influence in the future
maintenance of European order will suf-
fer an irreparable blow.
Judged from here against the back
ground of existing conditions and past
performances, it would appear that Mar
shall Tito and his Myrmidons are trying
us out to see just how much they can
get away with.
Tito is bitterly dissatisfied with the
compromise solution tentatively reached
by the Council OF Foreign Ministers for
the Trieste situation. He has some $780,
600 troops massed in Northwestern Yu-
goslavia. He would like, If he only dared,
to take over Trieste by force and con-
front the world with fait accompli.
His Russian masters may not be too
pleased with his present conduct, but
such anxieties as they may entertain
OF its consequences would give place to
gleeful satisfaction If he were permitted
to do this with no more than verbal
slap on the wrist and an appeal to the
Security Council of the United Nations.
y
This is decidedly not a dispute which
can be settled around council table.
This Is matter in which American
lives have been lost by unlawful action
on the part of a presumably friendly
power. American military transport
planes operating on regular schedule
and in one instance carrying passengers
have been shot down for no greater
offense than that they appeared over
Yugoslav territory. It is incumbent
upon the United States to give protec-
ton to its citizens and especially to the
members of its military forces in any
such circumstances. It Is further in
cumbent upon the United States to
exact satisfaction from the Yugoslav
government for the crimes committed
viduals concerned are condignly pun
ished and that full satisfaction and
apologies are rendered by Marshal Tito.
There is no possibility of any mistake
or any misunderstanding. Either we
now bring Tito up with round turn
or we might as well fold up. our attempts
to support rule Of law in Europe. go
home and just wait to see what We will
Go. The Yugoslay hotheads appear to
think that they can fob us off with
half insolent gesture such as Tito has
made at Bled. They are hoping to
emerge from this situation with the
enhanced prestige of having shot down
American planes, killed American air
men, and suffered nothing worse than .
protest and . lot Of talk.
(Copyright 1946.)
Evening star., 1946-08-27
Indio's interim Cabinet

What amounts to a native interim
government, designed to function
until Constituent Assembly can
work out constitution for an inde-
pendent India, has been appointed
by the Viceroy. Lord Wavell. replac-
ing the present council of high off,
cials which had functioned frankly
as a stop-gap "caretaker" regime.
Under other circumstances the
new native council might have
marked long and hopeful step
toward Indian self government.
However, it is promulgated in def
ance Of the boycott proclaimed by
the Moslem League, and what that
boycott means has already been at
tested, not only by the bloody COM
munal riots between Moslems and
Hindus in Calcutta and elsewhere
but also by the stabbing of one of
the Moslem members of the new
council only five hours after his
appointment was announced.
The Moslem League is reported
especially incensed by the way in
which three of the seats assigned to
the Moslem element have been given
to Moslem adversaries OF the league.
The Viceroy has held out the virtual
promise that this arrangement can
be changed any time the league
comes into line, the implication
being that five league members will
be appointed in the stead of those
now designated. However, thus far,
Mohammed Ali Jinnah and the other
league leaders appear to remain
adamant in their refusal to take
part in the new setup. Their chief
reason for this attitude is the Vice
roy's refusal to give the league equal
representation with the Hindu-dom-
mated Congress party.
AS things now stand the Congress
party decisively dominates the coun-
Gil. Out of its fourteen members
seven are Congressman, while all the
others are politically acceptable to
the Congress. As already remarked,
the three Moslems nominated are
antileague. The member represent
ing the Hindu low castes is a moder-
ate. The other three are, respec-
lively, Sikh, a Parsi and a native
Christian. Two of the seats assigned
the Moslem element are as yet
untitled.
Thus, for the time being, the Mos
lem League is cutting itself of from
any participation in or influence
over the interim government. How
ever, 1t remains to be seen whether
that government can function in
face OF Moslem boycott, even If the
MoSlems do not resort to violence on
large scale. The Moslem League un-
doubtedly has the sympathy of the
Moslem world at large, and Britain
is highly susceptible to Moslem pres
sure. The ultimate results of this
current test of strength, should
therefore be awaited.
Evening star., 1946-08-27
Justice McReynoIds

Wnen James clark McReynOiQS
took his place on the Supreme Court
in 1914 there were those who called
him liberal" even said that
he was radical" When he retired
from the court twenty-six years
later he had come to be known as
an "archconservative," as an i'm
placable foe of the liberalism" of
the later age So much for the labels
that are pinned on men during their
lifetime, and by which so many of
their contemporaries judge them, or,
as is often the case, misjudge them.
These shallow generalizations will
not suffice to appraise the man who
fought with so much tenacity and to
so little avail for the principles OF
law in which he believed. If one is
to form an estimate of Justice Nc
Reynolds the labels must be forgot
ten. 1t is the life of the man which
must be examined, his career and
the markers by which he steered his
course.
When Woodrow Wilson picked his
Attorney General to fill a vacancy
on the high court, he chose strong
man - strong in body, mind and
character. He believed uncompro-
misingly in the written Constitu-
tion" and anything in the nature
of Interpretation which seemed to
whittle it down was abhorrent to
him. He could not bring himself to
believe that our great Charter of
Government was a flexible instru-
ment, capable of being adapted to
fit the changing needs and moods of
the Nation. 1t was his view that the
Nation should adapt itself to the
Constitution, not that the reverse
should be true.
This rigidity of outlook, in spite of
his strength of character, or, per-
haps more accurately. because of it,
was source of weakness. Justice
McReynolds could not and would not
move with the irresistible currents
that set In during the thirties. And
rs result the tide swept on, leaving
him marooned with a doctrine of
strict constitutionalism to which
there is small chance that this coun-
try will ever return. In his famous
dissent in the gold clauses decision,
he proclaimed from the bench that
"the Constitution is gone" OF course
even with allowance for the special
sense in which he spoke, he was in
error. That was more than ten
years ago, and now it is Justice Nc
Reynolds who has passed on, while
the Constitution continues to serve
as the supreme law Of the Nation.
Because emotion may have pre-
Evening star., 1946-08-27
Art in Russia

With typical humorlessness the
high command OF the Communist
party in Russia has now set forth to
remove all traces of "decadent art"
from Soviet plays, movies, radio pro-
grams and periodical and book liter
ature. For some time past. 1t seems,
certain notably in Lenin-
grad - have been "ideologically
weak" That is to say. their works
have been allen" and "prerevolu-
tionary" in tone. They have been
lightheaded, giddy, fun-loving or
too objective. sowing the spirit OF
worship Of modern western bour-
geois" writing and forgetting that
one OF their prime functions is to
strengthen the agitation and prop
aganda" in behalf of the great pro-
gressive goals of the U. s. S. r.
So the Communist high command
has decided that the time has come
to give fresh guidance" to all Rus
slams producing things for the stage,
screen and radio or feeling inspired
to write books or magazine articles.
To this end there is to be "a merci-
less fight against ideallessness, vul-
garity, political aloofness and sliding
to positions of so-called pure art"
In short, the "decadent" artists
the ones guilty, for instance, of such
vicious phenomena" as failing to
propaganda for Soviet officialdom
and Soviet policies in the love stories
they write-must no longer be al
lowed an outlet for their wares. In
stead, from now on, as the obedient
writer's organization of Leningrad
has just declared, high quality ar
tistic works" will be neither "high
quality" nor artistic" nor acceptable
for public consumption unless they
reflect "the majesty of our victory,
the pathos of rehabilitation and
Socialist construction and the heroic
deeds of the Soviet people in fulfill
ing and overfulfilling the new Stain
f1ve-year plan."
All of which is fairly reminiscent
of Nazidom in It's heyday when Hit
ler and his underlings were doing
battle against Germany's "decadent
art"-the art that was nonpolitical,
the art that failed to please the
Fuehrer or sing his praises. IT there
are any potential Tolstoys or Che
knows in Russia today. let none of
them think that they can cultivate
the MUSES. at the expense of theology.
If they want to be published, let
them make sure first that they have
had the right guidance" from the
Communist high command, for there
can be no such thing as q good
Soviet play or movie or radio script
Evening star., 1946-08-27

vailed over Judgment In that In
stance, however, should not obscure
the wisdom of many of his express
sions. The man who said that "to
let ones self slide down the easy
slope offered by the course of events
is to fail in ones obligation
OF responsibility and who urged
that I'VE must awaken the citizens
to their obligations rather than their
so-called rights" had a meaningful
message for the generations that
will succeed him. AS this country
moves on. in troubled world its
people will have need of the fine
attributes which were the true
index to the character Of Justice
McReynolds.
Evening star., 1946-08-27
TuIkinq About Weather

1t might be wiser to keep quiet and
knock on wood. But this weather
deserves comment, even at the risk
of bringing on hot and humid SPELL
accompanied by hailstorms and
tornadoes. For here we are, at the
tail end of August-usually beastly
month in Washington - enjoying
perfect days that would do credit to
any self-respecting summer resort
Not only that, but we are within
sight of the end of a summer that
has been one of the most pleasant
in years. In how many years? To
make sure, The Star asked the
weatherman for some advice, by
way Of statistics. June and July
this year were just about normal"
it seems. Normal, in this case, is
the average mean temperature for
period extending back for about
seventy-five years. But August has
been two degrees below normal
and If it continues to behave like
this for four more days we shall have
had the coolest three summer
months since 1929. A point stressed
by the weatherman, however, is that
this past summer is a much better
summer than those of the war years,
when the temperature was mean
because the mean was high. Un-
fortunately, the records belle any
theory that Washington weather has
permanently reformed. The records
OF seventy-f1ve years merely show
how tickle the months may be. One
summer we have terrible June,
succeeded by a warmly sweet July
and horrible August. Another
summer finds June reaching for per-
lection, while July goes on a spree
and reaches for the sun, leaving us
so tagged that it makes no differ
ence what happens in August. II
something could only be done to
adopt this past August as a stand
ard-but that is something that will
have to await mature thought, If
not the return of Congress, whose
absence, by the way, undoubtedly
had something to do with pleasanter
days
Evening star., 1946-08-27

or book or poem or essay that neg
lects the party line.
Alas for the creative Russian
spirit! But doubly and trebly. alas
for the Russian people who seem
doomed to be bored stiff by the enor-
mously dull hack work-"the agita-
tion and propaganda" which the
Kremlin apparently regards as the
only true arti
Evening star., 1946-08-27
Consequence
Fron, the New YORK Herald .rribune.

From the New York Herald Tribune:
The fact that the first multiple lynch
ing in Georgia since 1918 follows inmed-
lately upon the political success Of
blatant advocates OF white supremacy
and of extra-legal coercion to maintain
it cannot be lost upon thoughtful citi-
zens Of Georgia and the South. Lynch
minded elements obviously regard the
success of the Gene Talmadges and the
Bilbos as carte blanche for a return to
the ways Of the Ku-Klux Klan. Proof
OF how dangerous Is the appeal of such
men seems implicit in this atrocity, sud-
denly reversing long record of reaction
against lynching and the terrorism Of
which 1t Is but the ugliest manifestation.