davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04
Pearl Harbor and Unifcation

Any supposition that President Trumans decision Tn favor of uncaton of the armed forces was influenced o the congressional Pearl Harbor investigation would be un founded and probably extravagant Yet there is to believe that the public mind at least the Navys case TOT separate control must have been weakened by some o the testimony presented before the Investigating committee
 Navy spokesmen had repeatedly asked for thorough study the uncation plan before decision made But studies already at hand There is the impressive evl of Navy unity which forced by threat or military defeat and which is found in daytoday history of the armed forces recovered rom the SHOCK of the first Japanese attack.
 And there the equally impressive evidence of dsuny before Dec 19 disclosed by witness after witness the full story of events leading to that unhappy day IS un folded most recent example was the testimony gwen Dy Admiral R. K Turner the Navys Director of War Plans Tn 1941 and the last witness heard by the investigating com mittee before its holiday recess -
 Admiral Turner said for example that he assumed that the Pacific Fleet at according to orders several days before the Jap rad and only learned that was an possible that with better inegraton such msap prehenson right have been avoided.
 He disclosed that the Navys message to Admiral Kim: mel Nov 2 194l said that negotiations with Japan haG ceased while the Army of the same day to enera Short stated that they appeared to have ended-quite difference in the implication of urgency
 In the he said that he recalled no warn that American forces not to commit the first overt act did he remember any request for such warning from President Roosevelt. General Marshall earlier nad testified tha such warning had been included in his com panon message the Army at the Presidents urgent m srcton Such recoeced bits of uncoordnaton seem to sound louder than present proestaons that uned eVce will "sink the Navy" under the weight of military potlcs
 Perhaps, as the Pearl Harbor investigation proceeds further recOeons win some of our Navy leaders pack to the recommendation of which they expressed during the but recently withdrew It may be hoped certainly that something will their disappointment ana liant cooperation of services which did much to assure victory.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04
By Peter EdSOn

with the frauleins Officers including some of the high-ranking ones with responsible positions, are falling for all the free bundling. chocolate par gets just as much !t did after the last war m the larger towns it often happens that Amer1csns with the biggest jobs are beed in the biggest houses with the best-looking wives daughters and servant girls The man of the family gets his compensation in extra ratons which the officer brings the family
 From an intelligence officer The good officers try to get home. the boobS who have no future 70 lure them try to stay and succeed. In Germany thev are better off than they have been or will be again. They get extra pay. and how they oo en- toy it. They can 'liberate-i.e, pinch-apout any thing they want. including houses and gardens Just tell the Germans to go elsewhere
 From an editor: It is common practice 70 put some military man who knows nothing about some problem in complete authority over the job or soly- ing it. while some thoroughly competent civilan IS assigned to him as adviser" The hell or that Sort of thing is that some of the military men, instead ol being sensitive to the ahstrdiy and uniairneSS or the situation, just love it.
 From US.O. worker: Some of the men, officers as well as GIs seem to be susceptible to the Ger man girls propaganda line that Hitler was really the best for Germany. They're also getting across the idea that the Germans are better than the Allies, notably the French and Belgans only because they have better plumbing.
 From medical officer: The Americans who oDJecf to fraternization are sometimes dealt with pretty roughly One answer is to get the war-weary ana the homesick men home, also the kids who are too green to understand what this is all about. Tnen try 70 recruit volunteers of mature years for occupation duty give them special training so wen pc uIteo 70 stick the job out for generation.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04
By DreuO Pearson

about and for one will not waste time and energy on extraneous matters"
 keefe was seconded by Republioan Reprsasnssa- <. tive Bertrand 0earhart Of California, wno had an- terviewed Kent with Keefe.
 Sen Homer Ferguson of Michigan, the only other Republican on the committee, maintained strict sl- lence through this entire discussion.
 Later 0earhart proposed the names of former American Legion Commanders warren Atherton anu William Colmery as co-counsel to succeed Wiiam
 But sen. scott Lucas of Illinois interposed that selection of Atherton by the committee would nave clear political implications since Atherton went 1Som his Legion post in le44 to Gov. Deweys campaign
 N0TE-Lucas might also have mentioned that Colmery of Topeka, Kansp was leader m the AT Landon campaign in 1886
 Cong sol Bloom of New York, who imported the "salome Danee' from Egypt to the Chicagos World Fair many years ago, nearly got away with xest one during secret session of the House Rules Com mittee called to consider the UNREsA appropriation
 Bloom. who is chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, attended the Rules Committee meeting as its guest. He was not supposed to vote. Cong. Charles Eaton of New Jersey ranking mnorisy member of the Foreign Affairs Committee, also was a guest and supported UNEtEsA generally However, he began to tell the Rules Committee of his strong conviction that freedom of the press Amendment
 Anxious to avoid more argument over this, Bloom, though not member of the Rules Committee shout ed, T move the previous question: ,., s.,,..s X,
  Illinois banged his gavel and remarked, the Ques- ton is called"
 Members of the Rules Committee then prepared to vote.>
 Not so Rep. Clarence Brown, Ohio Republican. Turning to Bloom, Brown asked
 %sol how long have you been member Of the Rules Committee?"
 Bloom flushed, while other members of the Rules Committee grinned sheepishly realizing they nao been taken in. J
 q just thought if could get away with 1t I would" Bloom replied. He did get a rule to put the UNRRA appropriation before the House, but not without good deal more discussion.
 
 GI's in India report the U. s. Army fearing the British may be faced with revolt, has issued rifles bayonets, and ammunition to American GI.s Many American soldiers in India never had weapons in their hands during the war; but now get weapons after the war. Secretary or state byrneS mas offered Ken Galbraith, former OPA execunve ano editor of Fortune Magazine, an important job to nep run peacetime Germany. Amer1can mempers of the Anglo-Amercan Palestine Commission VII begin hearings in Washington on January l0 Assistant Secretary of State Jimmy Dunn IS leaving for London to help complete the peace treaties ior Hungary Bulgaria, Rumania and Italy. Floyo B Olson was a famous governor of Minnesota 6ut Cong Havenner of California probing charges that the U S. ship named for him has been forced 10 carry cargo of sick Japanese from Pacific Islands to the Japanese mainland. Nearly all the patients had communicable diseases, and two of the ~ tuper cuosis patients died during the voyage
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04
Selling By Saving

Those who advocate that this country now needs per- pekuaI price control to prevent the public from being ypped by tapaciOus manufacturers and retailers should correct their reasoning in the light of facts. m
 To begin with, modern American industry and retailing exist only by producing and selling goods in volume at price the people pay And the cheaper they can pro xnce and sell the goods the they sell To take specific case How does the coal industry hope to make profit? Certainly not by selling the least amount of coal at the highest possible price per ton.
 Instead of being satisfied with mining the greatest ount of coal per of any country in the world Amer producers are actually trying to increase the use of coal
 oring the average householder how to build homes h ehmneys of sufficient size to get greater efficiency out m every ton of coal use and thereby actually money
 America built on the low-cost production phlloso- nhv To vhv assume that we must now depend n0n-
 cnx price controllers to tell the producers and the sell & and fhe conaumers how fo live? The American indus
 and selling technique has brought this nation the ngn- lIlng s1nndardn in Che world.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04

to accumulate and boats to bring them nome, men by the thousands turn in their off hours to the only relaxation there is-the fraulens And everybody goes partying. .-
 Without wanting to deny anyone his fun, but merely to indicate what must be going on, here are excerpts from few sample letters and reports
 
 From enlisted man: The Enlisted Mems Cluos are filled with fraueinS every afternoon and every night We're doing no good over here for ourselves or our country and we are making America laugh- ing stock in the eyes of the Germans.
 From WAC: What can a liberated or con ouered people think of the standard of American behavior when our men show so little respect Tor American womanhood represented over here by the women in uniform? Not day goes by in these occupied zones where we are stationed without our hearing, Hi ya Fraulein," "Wacy Wacy Wacy Wacy!" or "You can have 'em, I'll take the German girls"
 tion business means much more than just going out
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04
Views of the Press

layers union placed limit in some communities on the number of ap- prenticeS trained annually. But that is definitely not the case to- day.
 During the long, long depression there was little work for masonS, and during the war practically none at all. Most factory work was of concrete. idle bricklayerS drift ed off into other occupations, tn- cluding war work. There was no ap- prentice training at all Naturally the number of brick masons has shrunk considerably since the early 30's.
 Bricklayers' unions are eager to start their training programs again, but apprentices can't be trained until there is plenty of work And even then it takes four years to train a man to be master brick layer. It's easy to see that all the bottlenecks in home building aren't caused by high prices and shortages in materials.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04
HIRED HANDS
(New Haven Journal-courier,

(New Haven Journal-Courier) =.
 Concern is expressed by many farmers and ranchers that the war has all but wiped out the supply of farm and ranch hands. High wages, short hours, town life with its bright lights, entertainment and modern conveniences have weaned hired hands away from the coun- try.
 Today there are many unoccu- pied dwelling units on farms and ranches and many abandoned farms as well. Movements of farm and ranch hands to cities has af- fected the ranges less than farms. stockmen continuing to run cattle even though short-handed.
 Some hope of relief lies in the return of service men, especially those who have been overseas and fought in jungles and through dev- asted Europe. It is believed many will want to get away from 1t all," using words often appearing in interviews.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04

 fashIonabie restaurant. that hotel was the place to which we proceeded We didn't have any resef- yations but the Ambassador East is famed not alone for its service but for the courtesy and evioenuy me long memories of the staff haven't stopped~in Cnl- caeo since the time of the United Nations confer ence and certainly never rated as any very famous or heavily spending guest Still the bell captain greeted me by name and asked if there was anytning he could do for me.
 Tremendously naktered. informed the gentle man that there Sas considerable that could be done for me but that didn't want to make any trouble or crowd in on anybody. If there happened to be
 spare corner in office or even the baggage room I'd like to borrow It long enough to whaek out fast dispatch and. in the meanwhile. I'd like for my ladies to have chance to have luncheon s the Pump Room despite the fact that we had no reservations
 He told me to walt right there. and back he came with 6 key. after which he escorted us aloit 10 a beautiful suite which could serve as temporary head- quarters. he eaid and likewise as literary salon. Then he called later and said he'd fixed things up with Henry for the ladies
 60 into such detail about the pleasant interlude ln Chicago mostly 10 say that it's service such as that which has been missing in most places during the war Its the glory Of any hotel It fiatteFs tho gnests ego It makes him want 70 come back and Co urge hls friends ke loin ln lhs delights Of such aE establishment
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04
By Bill Cunningham

The GI isn't the only gentleman who has had his gripes in the months gone by he's just been the one who expressed them The home front felt 1t would scarcely be in taste to do any complaining certainly about little things. while the soldier was called upon to sacrifice so much But the home front took plenty that was non-servce- and the insolence, inconpetence and what seemed to be the deliberate non-co-opraton of help was part of it.
 Well, peace, it's wonderful. Fine and friendly service seems to be on it's way back one or the most vivid impressions to my brief affiation with the military was of how polite and considerate the overseas GLs were if one another in the mass. and of how rude selfish and boorish the civilian front seemed when one stepped back into It.
 There's plenty of travel in evidence. but the color of the massed depot throngs has changed from the mustard stain of khaki to the grays and the blues of civilian attire
 The size and shape of the freight has changed considerably too. since last saw these platforms and sidngs. There's plenty Of freight piled on me platforms waiting to move but its plainly stamped now as civilian merchandise Heretofore. vas heavy looking crates with no advertising steneien on + There were soldiers around and man didn't ask questions for he knew that t was military supplies of one sort another and even tts destination rated as the deepest Of secrets.
 Too the freight yards and sidngs age all different now Formerly they consisted Of solid colonies 0g box cars and even flat cars loaded with heavy military aircraft cannon the half tracks and heavy cannons Tie wheels Of the cars that bore them were ns shiny as mirrors. That meant they were rolling au the time without chance to get rusty.
 Nov the same tracks and spurs seemed filled with the same cars but they're empty The doors on soms Of them even a@a to have been ripped otf Their wheels are rusty. snd they look as f fney mla the excitement Possibly. and especially out in this part of the country. they are q mute testmpual 70 the stoppage caused by the automobile strikes Bot at least one doeSn have 10 look ab their grim cargo anymore and figure that American boys may ha dying ln or around the vehicles they bear helote vay msA lengers
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04
BRICKS WITHOUT MAsONs?
(The Christian &

CThe Christian Science Monitor)
 We've bricks enough now for homebuilding needs in most of Am erica, says the Structural Clay Pro- ducts Institute, and there will be enough for ali demands in a couple of months. But-and this is big "but"-we haven't enough brick layers. And you can't lay bricks without masons any more than you can make 'em without straw.
 Back in the building-boom days after World War One, the brick mason was the highest-paid man in the building industry. There weren't enough of him, ard the union scale was practically whatever the traffic would bear in each locality. More over, it was charged that the brick
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04
BALANCE THE SCALES IN THE
 WAGNER ACT
(New York Sum

(New York Sun)
 Many industrialists are less dis turbed by the large number of strikes that have marked the period of reconversion than by the failure of Congress to take vigorous action toward impro iirg basic labor laws. The National Labor Relations Act has been defective in several re- spects for the entire decade in which 1t has oeen administered. Its disgraeefully one. sided form has been constantly criticized, yet no effective steps have been taken to correct its flaws. The other day Andrew J. Higgins of New Orleans, who closed his plants after dis putes interrupted shipbuilding operations, proposed changes in the Wagner Act that would, for one thing, define as an unfair labor practice the refusal of a union to carry on collective bargaining; and for another thing, make the unions liable for back pay to compensate employees for time lost in all strikes that could be legally defined by terms of the act ss unfair practice.
 The extremes to which courts have sometimes gone in the other direction were well illustrated ear- Her this month. The Supreme Court affirmed decision that 8 depart ment store in St Louis had com mitted an unfair labor practice by announcing an increase in wages, and thereby tAwarting efforts of a union to organize a group of em- ployes. If after ten years of op- eration the National Labor Rela- tons Board $ still able to apply the terms of unfair labor practice only to acts of employers, never, under the terms of the Wagner Act, to the practices If unions, it is clear that the scales of justice in col- lective bargaining are quite unre- liable.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04

Pearson exact words, and I'll natcn its
 So the meat packers went home gave employees their wage increase, but now "Snuffy smith seems to have forgot all about the matter The meat pack CTS have been reminding him of 1t, but If they don't get action from him soon, lot of small pack ing plants will have to close down.
 At least one high Army official is stil convinced that France could successfully have been invaded in le42 iist as well as two years later Gen. Walter Bedeu Smith, right hand man to Gen. Eisenhower, told Sen. Claude Pepper in London how the General Staff had worked out a complete invasion plan TOT lo42 only to sheve it in the face ofunyieding oppo- stion by the British.
 The British still suffering from losses at Dunkirk, were holding out for an invasion through the Balkans
 "In view of the difficulties we had in France last year" Pepper asked Gen. Smith, what about our chances in i9422"
 Without hesitation, Smith replied that Eve could have done the job every bit as well in lS4S and brought the war to an end much sooner"
 Most Republicans piously disclaim any political motivation in the Pearl Harbor inquiry, but not so frank able Senator Owen Brewster of Maine Dur ing secret session of the committee he put his cards face down the table.
 "One of my primary purposes in this lnvesti- pation" said Brewster, "is to find out for certain whether President Roosevelt had any commitment with the British prior to Pearl Harbor that both na- tions should go to war with Japan.
 "In order to make certain of that fact, which think the American people, should know, I want every bit of evidence the State Department or any, one else has on the subject.
 q think we've had huge mass of evidence on that subject already, and frankly admit that l could not at this time back up statement that FDR did have any such commitment. But we've got to be absolutely certain"
 Brewster referred briefly to Tyler Kent, former code clerk in the U s. Embassy ilr London who re- gently returned to this country after serving term in a British jail for mishandling what he claimed was secret correspondence between FDR. and Churchill while the latter still First Lord of the Admiralty.
 At this pont, Republican Representative Frank Keefe of Wisconsin interrupted. q will not go along with any move to call Tyler Kent before this committee" he said. T sat with him most of whole night last week, ana can tell you that although he has very interesting story. it has no direct bearing upon Pearl Harbor and why we were unprepared for the Jap attack That's what this committee was set up to find. out
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04
EQUAL DISTRIBUTION
lBOktOn POstl

The plan worked out for the dis tribution throughout the State of surplus blood plasma should aid materially in saving many lives. The ESogram sponsored by Gov. Tobin calls for 35l cities and towns getting plasma as needed, with dis- tribution starting within a month. When the Red Gross appealed for plasma for oui fighting men. the donors came from everywhere. A great amount of plasma now comes back to help save civilians.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04
The Firing Line
 By D. N. I.
sTRICTLY COMMERCIAL

v My eye is astonished whenever 1t
 meets
 Advertised products in out-of-town
 sheets.
 Or stuck on the billboards of out
 of-town streets.
 I'm a little surprised q was going
 to say "madD
 When I spot the disloyal, unoiquit-
 ous ad,
 For I thought WE were all the
 clients they had.
 A strong move for legislation barring strikes is reported under way in the House of Representatives at Washington. We can be sure Of one thing, if it goes through: II strikes are forbidden, thereH De an awful lot of bawlS.
 They're using prisoners of war to dig potatoes down in Maine. And we firmly resist the temptation to say anything about the diggees keeping their eyes in the diggers. Married two years, in love with her husband, Elizabeth thinks she has a problem and maybe has one all depending upon how she treats the incident that's causing her the heartache.' Doris Blake in The Boston herald. There's only one thing to do with an incident like that: Never, NEVER treat her.
 In his book, "Sensible Dieting, Dr. William Engel defines fat as ia calorie that has not lived" New CT lived, eh? Il, we wiped ar awful lot of noneixistent oil oul brow in the garden last summer. There's lot of criticism about having the Navy in New York foi Navy Day. It would look kind oi funny, though, to freeze the har- bor and have jeeps plying back ane forth on skates.
 John L. Lewis has called off thu soft coal strike and ordered thu strikers back to work. And there | every probability that they'll return to their jobs. knowing John ana the individuality of wildcattint against a wildcat.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04

fr0m OIlE ubpUL 70 hIIUltlcI HDI O9' Chicago proved to be no partic- ular problem. We were processed with eclat and were dipped across to the new depot. where We checked the spare parts, and stood ready to enjoy the wonders Of the mighty mid-western metrop- oils for some three or four hours before this limited teed off for the South.
 Since the ladies had expressed a desire to see the Ambassadors -. nnn... Ellainnnnla lalira.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04

but Wanting to come hOIpe, pItCeS in the Army newspapers, reports to the Information and Educa- tion branch, the morale" section of the War Department, all tell the same story.
 Fraternization with the Ger mans goes on in spite of anything anybody can do about 1t, and to no good end. An educational cam- paign to hate the Germans" has apparently flopped. Utterly bored with having to sweat it out doing nothing while waiting for points
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04
s Years Ago

Reaching Q high crescendo m q rocking chair. Bunny" Phillips Meadow street. ended up in st. Marys hospital where several stitches were needed to close a deep gash in his head the result oi tip- ping over backward and striking the kitchen stove.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04
IS Years Ago

: While a rlp-roarin' gangster nim was going on inside. thieves held up the box ofIice of local theater ana gnt away with the nights take or several hundred dollars.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-01-04

0CtCA8A WSNA9 Nool tAtS @AAA@Ae meat packers went to Economic Stahlllzer Judge John Q. Collett of Kansas City, whose Washington nickname is "snuffy Smith" be- cause he looks like the Barney Google character. They told him they wanted to give a two-dollar- a-day increase to their employees, and needed a small increase in the price of meat in order to do so. Collett told them to 30 ahead,
 "You lay your egg" were his