davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26
Reflect
/. H.. haenneT
Your Power Company Board
Will Need His Experience

The people Of Omaha will vote
for the first time on directors Of
the Omaha Public Power District
at the election on November 9Th.
The candidates names appear on
non-political ballot
The District. created at the last
session OF the State Legislature.
has seven members. five from
Omaha and two from the territory
served by the Power Company
outside the city. At this election
two members are 70 be chosen
from the Omaha subdivision Of
the District
T. H. Maenner. chairman OF the
board OF the Nebraska Power Co,
ana Gerald Collins. South Omaha
attorney and member OF the
Board are candidates for the Of
flee Both Maenner and Collins
were appointed three years ago
10 serve on the Peoples Power
Commission. and have since been
active in the transfer OF the Ne
kraska Power Company TO the
new District
While the Power Company Is
sim .he property Of thu Omaha
Electric Committee. negotiations
have been completed whereby the
District viii acquire the property
Of the Power Company in Nebras-
ka-
According IL Maenner and Col
Inns. this transfer should make
possible a considerable reduction
in electric rates for the people OF
the Omaha Public Power District
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26
Ca hOlic Women Plan
F. E. p. c. Campaign


LOS ANGELES. Oct. 12th--The
organization of campaign workers
who are leading Catholic parish
groups in support 0 fthe Califor-
mia Fair Employment Practices
Act was outlined here today at
a public luncheon at the Mayfair
hotel. The luncheon was sponsor
ed by the Women's FEPC Com
mittee of the Catholic I~nterracial
Council Of Los Angeles. which is
promoting support for the legisla-
ton at the November 5 election.
FIR. George H. Dunno, S. j., of
Loyola University, was the. prin-
cipal speaker. His topic was "A
Catholic Looks at the Fair En-
ployment Practices Act".
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26
LYNCH VICTIM RETURNS TO
SCENE UNDER U S PROTECT'N

NEW YORK, Oct. 17th-Albert
Harris, Jr., and his father, Albert
Harris Sr. are today safe in their
home in the midwest after a dra-
matte return visit to Louisiana,
where on August 9Th John Jones
was brutally murdered by a sad
istic mob and young Harris pitt
lessly beaten before he made his
escape. The HARNESSES are alive
today, however, because they made
the trip closely guarded by u. S.
marshalls, following a request adj
dressed to the NAACP by the Ju-
stice Department that they be pre-
sent when the Department pre-
scented the evidence of their investi
cation to the Grand Jury in Mon
roe. Louisiana, last Saturday.
Since Monroe is notorious for its
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26

Rev. H. w. Bletson for six-years
pastor of the Allen Chapel church
Of Cheyenne, Wyo.. under Bishop
Williams, has arrived in Omaha
to assume the p~astorate of the
Bethel AME church, 2426 Frank
lin Street.
Rev. Bletson who has been a
minister for II years, was pro-
minent in Cheyenne Civic and
Fraternal affairs having been pre-
sident of the NAACP, Worshipful
Master of Western Star No. 6,
Prince Hall AFAM, Grand Lectur-
er of the Grand Lodge of the Co
dorado Jurisdiction and a school
teacher in the Wyoming public
school system.
Rev. Bletsoe preached his first
sermon in Omaha, Sunday, Oct.
Goth at Allen Chapel.
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26

Negroes to buy and rent.
decent dwellings.
4. Cooperation with all groups
interested in better housing
c. Health
The League will work towards
improving the health conditions
of Negroes by sponsoring health
education programs, stimulating
the use of available services and
aiding in the obtaining of more
and better health facilities.
D. Welfare
The League assists in the devel-
opment of self-help groups in the
community, in order that many
neighborhood problems can be
solved by the groups or group ac-
ton. Such problems as:
l. Sanitation,
2. Police protection
8. Street lights,
4. Streets and alleys,
5. School, park, and play
ground facilities. are the
concern of the Urban Lea
que.
D. Research and Statistics
The League will continue to ga
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26
Elks' Ensemble
To Give Concert

The Elks Ensemble is appearing
in concert for the first time in
their beautifully decorated hall at
242O Lake Street Monday. Nov.
18th. Presenting some very fine
artists in music; anyone that cares
to hear this group of forty voices
and vocalists under the direction
of Mr.. H. L. Preston, attend on
this date at 8:15 pm. Nc admis-
sion will be charged. A very fine
program is to be arranged for
this occasion. All local artists in
spiritual gospel and classics.
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26
Green Book Issues
Tourist Guide

The Victor H. Green and Co.. Of
New York City has released it's
1916 Green Book. The idea of the
Green Book is to give the motorist
and tourist a guide not only of the
hotels and tourist homes in all Of
the large cities. but other CLASH
ficationss that will be found useful
wherever he may be. Also facts
and information that the Negro
motorist can use and depend Upon.
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26

ting out of THE Mans" hand and
he reports from his stronghold in
Jackson that he has no comment
During his campaign for the
Senatorial nomination Bilbo gran
ted a press interview in which he
freely and brazenly admitted his
membership in the xxx.
But since that time the Klan
has run into deep water. With the
~ceaSelesS hammering Governor.
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26
BIIBO INVITED TO DINNER
10 UNSEAT HIM

NEW YORK (CNS)-Senator
Theodore Bilbo has been invited in
person to the "Unseat Bilbo" din
ner being sponsored here Thurs
day at the Hotel Roosevelt by the
Civil Rights Congress. So far he
hasn't accepted. Guests certain to
appear are Rep. Gahagan and Paul
Robson.
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26
AFL NEGRO
MEMBERSHIP

NEW ORLEANS Prominent
among the Crescent City's Off
cial delegates to the sixty-fifth
annual convention of the Ameri-
can Federation Of Labor which
just ended in Chicago, was j.
Harvey Meter. president of Local
1419 of the international Long
shoremen's Association AFL, that
has a membership of more than
$500 workers and is one of the
largest locale in America as well
as one of the largest longshore-
mems organizations in the world.
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26
ZION BAPTIST CHURCH
BROTHERHOOD

WIN hold their Mems Day pro-
gram Sunday. November oath at
3 pm. at Zion Bapt. church.
Rev. F. c. Williams, pastor
p. II. Jenkins, president
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26

NAACP's position, and has denied
Mrs. George G. Wright and other
petitioners, the writ of %certiorari
requested.
AS was reported in the NAACP
press release of October 10th.
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26

the denial of a review will result
in the case actually going to trial
upon the issues involved. namely
whether as a matter of fact the
registrars in Macon County, Ala,
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26
the service.

The SerVlCe".
Cassius continued to protest and
a year later a new commander in
asking for the undesirable dis
charge, justified his request on the
ground that Cassius had "openly
expressed dissatisfaction with the
naval services and policies. form
ented unrest. discomfort and NAL
content among the mess attend
dants".
The successful appeal now
makes the ex-sailor eligible for
educational, job and other G I
benefits.
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26
Democratic Headquarters

The Northside Democratic Head
quarters has just been opened at
oath and Lake Sts., Mrs. G. Aneita
Hayes in charge.
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26

had a policy, custom azd usage
of preventing Negroes from re
Clustering and voting in the county
and whether such practice IS un-
constitutional.
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26
{. S. Supreme Court
N. A. A. C.P. Action

NEW YORK, Oct. 17th-In an
appeal for a review. which the
registrars of voters in Macon Coun
ty, Ala, filed with the Supreme
Court in the case of Mitchell VS..
Wright, the Court supported the
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26

PROGRAM
I.
Prelude and Fugue Bach
Sonata Opera No. o, LIST Move
ment Beethoven
Polichinelle Rachmaninoff
III.
Vocal Selection Miss Jackie
Fisher
Prelude in @ Minor -R1eEmaninoH
Nocturne Z Major Chopin
Etude Opera Is NO. IL Chopin
III.
Dewx Arabesoues DebussY
None But the Lonely FeTrt -
TachaihOvsky
Etude, d Gun Sospiro Iitz
Nv.
To a Closed Easement Detf
(Tropic Winter Suitel
RhaDsodv in G Minor Brahms
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26

mems Division and Mrs. Mimi,
Dixon. chairman of H Division.
Workers shown in photo reading
from left to right are: Mines.
Beckman; Roxie Anderson; Cap
tain Julia Galloway; Mary Fau-
cett; Captain Greta Wade; c..
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26

HE a coon CITIZEN VOTE Nor. ;
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26

BE A GOOD CITIZEN VOTE Nov. 5
The Omaha guide., 1946-10-26

-uE 4 coon CITizEN voTE Nov. 3
Evening star., 1946-10-27
Sunday Section for October IT, 1916
MendeIssohn
On Exhibit

A recent addition to the Librory of
Congress, q remarkable collection Of
original letters and musicoI monu-
scripts Of Felix MendeIssohn- Bor-
thoIdy hos been put on exhibit.
Studying one OF the coses ore Miss
Anna /. Sine. us 3 street NE;
Miss MeIbo G. BuckIew, 800 New
ton street NE. and Robert G.
ToIkineton, BIOS Nineteenth street
NV.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-01

open High LOW Last
Dec 1896 30. Is 28.15 80. 15b up 100
Mich $500 29.85 27.85 2 .85b up IS
May 28.60 29.4O 27.4Q 2 .40b up 1O8
Jly 27.45 28.40 26.46 %. 40b up 100
Oct 24.70 26.05 PALS 26.05b up 200
Dec 24.10 25.7O 1890 Is. FOB up 200
Mch 24.25 $500 1880 25.20b up 200
Middling spot 30. Con up 100.
N-Nominal; Bid.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-01
LIVESTOCK
LIVESTOCK

CHICAGO, Oct. USDA)
-Salable hogs II, 200, total 18, 500;
early trade slow, later trade and
close fairly active; market gene
rally steady to so cents lower,
mostly 25 cents lower with sows
steady; top 1915 paid freely; bulk
good and choice 18C pounds and
over 2~3.25-23.75; lighter weights
scarce; bulk good and choice sows
21.50-22.50; with 1900 popular
price; good clearance.
Salable cattle 4,5OO, total 4,500;
salable calves 700, total 700; good
and choice fed steers and yearlings
dull, 100 lower; scattered sales
choice to prime calf clubs 33. OF
$500; but most good and croice
steers 21.00-28.0O common and
medium grades active, steady at
1000 down to 1900; beef COWS
100000 lower, sluggish at down
turn; outside strictl. good COWS
1900; little above 1880; but can
ners, cutters and common beef
cows $3.50 cents higher at 9.75-
100; bulls steady but beef bulls
slow at 1900 down; best sausage
bulls 1925 vealers steady at LOO
down.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-01
FOREIGN

NEW YORK, Oct. 31-R-Clos-
ing foreign exchange rates follow
Great Britain in dollars; others
in cents:
Canadian dollar in New York
open market 4 IA per cent dis
count or 95.75 U. S. cents, off 1-8
of a cent.
Europe: Great Britain S4.O3 IA.
off 1-16 of a cent. France Francl
"a IA, unchanged; Sweden (Krona)
81. 85, unchanged; Switzerland
Franc) Comb $3.50, unchanged.
Latin America: Argentina Free
24.57, off .03 of a cent; Brazil Free
$50, unchanged; Mexico 2O.62, un-
changed.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-01
LIVESTOCK
W. Oo+ an

RICHMOND, Va, Oct. 31-(P-
(USDA)-Hogs - Market steady
with Wednesday on WITS. 160 lbs up
and sows, WITS. under 100 lbs $1.OO
lower. Top $3.50 for good and
choice barrows and gifts 1850 lbs
and up. 100-120 lbs $2O.50. 12O-14o
lbs $21.00 140-16o lbs $21. so. Good
sows, all weights, $21.0 90. Good
stays $3.50.
Cattle - No livestock being re-
ceived at the Richmond Union
stockyards during remainder of
this week. Embargo will be lifted
on Monday, November 4, and nor
NAL trading will be resumed at
that time. Accumulated supplies
expected to be generally well
cleared by the weekend.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-01
NEW ORLEANS COTTON

NEW ORLEANS, Oct. 81 - E-
Cotton futures broke $1,000 ahead
today and some of the demand re-
suited from favorable interpreted
tons of Washington news.
Closing prices were strong $4.25 to
$1,000 a bale higher than the prev
ious close.
n~4~ HioL T o-, C1o->
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-01
GRAIN
CHICAGO GRAIN

CHICAGO, Oct. 81 - () - Grain
futures moved to higher ground in
a nervous session Thursday. Re
ports of government buying OF
wheat had a steadying effect on
that grain when others were under
pressure following an early break
IN cotton.
There was pressure on corn and
oats after a firm opening and prices
declined with the early slump in
cotton. However, when cotton turn
ed stronger, a wave of short COW
ering in oats developed into buying
in other pits.
At the finish wheat was II to III
higher than Wednesdays close,
January $2.04A. Corn was 1-cent to
1as higher, January $1.363s-A. Oats
were lower to "a higher, No
vember 835s-B and barley was l
cent higher to l cent lower, No
vember ST. 1872.
There was no material pressure
on wheat during the session and
that grain showed relative strength
on reports that the government was
in the market. Late in the session
announcement vas made that the
Commodity Credit corporation has
brought 3,810,00G bushels of wheat
Wednesday. Cash wheat remained
firm in light offerings. Despite
continued reports of boxcar short
age, some traders believe a great
er amount of wheat will arrive at
terminals as the result of lifting of
shipping permits to northwest
points.
The cash corn market carried
a relatively firmer undertone with
unsettled weather over the corr
belt being a factor. Corn dealers
are of the opinion that good drying
weather is necessary to develop
any great movement of corn from
producers. The government has re-
ported a large amount Of the yell
low grain in the main belt is too
wet to crib.
Commission houses were on both
sioes of the oats market but some
short covering resulted in advances.
Only 8 cars of cash oats were re-
ceived Thursday with sales report
ed at $4,000 bushels.
Corn bookings we're 1875, 900 bush
els with sales placed at lis, 00O
bushels.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-01
WHAT STOCKS DID

NEW YORK., Oct. 81 {
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-01
CASH GRAN

CHICAGO, Oct. 31-R-Wheat:
No. 2 red $2.19-2.2O nominal; No. 2
hard $2.14-15 nominal; No 2 mixed
~$2.13-2.14 nominal. Corn: No. 5
yellow $1.2S 3-4-1.35; sample grade
yellow So 1-4-$1.09 3-4. Oats: none
%Soybeans: No. 2 yellow 1923. Rye:
No. 2 grades $2.4o-2.5O nominal.
Barley: mailing .$161-1.71 nomi-
nal; feed 1.33-1.38 nominal. Field
seed per hundredweight nominal:
Sc. 75-7.00.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-01
NEW ORLEANS COTTON

NEW ORLEANS, Oct. 31-P)-
The average price of middling
15-16ths-inch cotton Thursday at
ten designated southern spot mar
kets was $40 a bale higher at 80.
n cents a pound; average for the
past 80 market days 36.75; middling
7-8ths-inch average 49, SO.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-01
NEW O

NEW ORLEANS, Oct. 81 - l) -
Spot cotton closed steady S. a bale
higher Wednesday,. Sales 1,225, low
middling PATIO, middling 1910, good
middling 1880, receipts 5,272,
stock 1875, 533.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-01

NEW YORK, Oct. 81 R -
Buoyed partly by a jump OF $40 &
bale in recently weak cotton III
lures. the stock market Thursday
negotiated one of it's sharpest raj
lies of the past seven years WITT
leading rails and industrlals cilmo'
ing l to 7 points or so.
Dealings and prices tapered ait
er an active extension Of Wednes-
days late sprint but heavy orders
for carriers and industrlals aroulld
midday put the high speed ticker
tape as much as three minutes late
for an interval. There were sub
sequent slowdowns with quotations
trimmed. Pressure of bids in the
final quarter hour again caused the
recording machines to lag and
many pivotals closed at or near
their best of the session. Transfers
of 1880, 900 shares compared with
1910, 900 the day before which were
the largest since Oct. 10.
The Associated Press 60-Stock
Composite was up % points at
So, widest advance since Oct. Is,
which was the best since Septem-
Der, 1889. For October the index
showed no change from Septem-
Der. Of LOIS issues registering, 1863
rose and only IS fell.
Bethlehem Steel ended up 3 II
at 81 1-2 and directors later voted
the usual $3.50 dividend and dis
closed net for the September quar-
ter of S2.99 a share against sos
in the like 1945 months an S4.29
in the second quarter of the cur
rent year.
Steels Gain
U. S. Steel added 2 3-8 at Y ga,
Youngstown Sheet 3 3-4 at Sc IA,
Santa Fe 5 IA at SO IL. Atlantic
Coast Line 8 IA at 81 IA, Southern
Pacific 3 IA at A 7-8, Southern
Railway 3 IA at Al -, Chrysie-
4 3-4 at 80, General Motors 2 SO
at 81 IA, Johns-Manville 7 - al
122 IL, Du Pont 4 IL at 172, East
man Kodak q at 208, Western Union
"A" 2 IL at 81 3-8, international
Silver 4 34 at At IA and Mont
gomery-Ward 2 at 81.
In front were Republic Steel,
Goodyear, U. S. Rubber, Sears Roe.
buck. International Harvester,
Douglas Aircraft, Northwest Air.
lines, North American, Anaconda,
Kennecott, Air Reduction, West:ng-
house Electric, General Electric
N. Y. Central, Pennsylvania Rail.
road, Baltimore & Ohio, Texas Co.,
Schenley and National Distillers.
American Telephone was an $50.
lated soft spot, falling l 1-0 to is;
3-4 as the company's rights" tt
Its new debentures appeared or
the big board on large-scale trans.
actions.
Raj Bonds Up
Railway bonds improved. Cot
ton finished up S4.75 to the dav';
limit of $40 a bale. At Chicapc
wheat was IL 10 l IL cents a bu.
smell higher, corn ] to 30 oats
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-01
COTTON
NEW YORK COTTON

NEW YORK, Oct. 81 - () -
Cotton futures surged forward
briskly Thursday as trading was
resumed after Wednesdays emer-
gency closing of the exchange.
Some deliveries advanced the
permissible daily limit of $40 over
Tuesdays close and others an
equal amount from Thursdays
lows.
The market opened $4.0 90 to $500
a bale higher on heavy trade buy
ing. The advance attracted profit
taking and prices dropped to net
losses Of as much as $500 a bale.
On this latter decline, nervous sell
ing which had gripped the market
for the past several weeks, seem
ed to spend its force and prices
turned upward.
On the close values were $4.75 to
$1,000 a bale net higher than Tues
days close Traders attributed the
markets turnabout to the growing
belief that some kind of government
step favorable to cotton would be
taken.
Futures closed $4.75 to $1,000 a
bale higher.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-01
NOTICE
&TATE OLE NORTH CAPn1

eTATE OF NORTH CARO11NA
COUNTY OF NEW HANOVER
The undersigned, having qualified as
executrix of the estate of Arthur c.
Diehl, deceased, late of New Hanover
county. this is to notify all persons hav-
ing claims against said estate to present
them to the undersigned at 1909 Grace
street. Wilmington. North Carolina, on
or before October 10, 1947, or this notice
will be pleaded in bar of their reconsru
All persons indebted to said estate will
please make immediate payment 70 the
undersigned.
This the 9Th day of October. 1916.
VICTORIA LYNCH DIEHL.
Executrix
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-01
Stock Market Negotiates
One B z Year Gains

off 3-s to up "a, and barley up l to
down l.
Advancers in the Curb included
Cities Service, Colonial Airlines,
Creole Petroleum, A m a n
Cyanamid, Electric Bond and
Share and Fansteel. Turnover mere
was 800, 900 shares versus 500, COO
Wednesday.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-01
STOCK

Compiled by The Associated
Press, Oct. 81.
IN IL IL go
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-01
Rails, Industrials Head
! General Advance For
Most OF List

MARKETS AT A GLANCE
NEW YORK, Oct. 31-(E)-
Stocks - higher, rails lead
brisk rally.
Bonds - improved; rails ad-
( vance.
Cotton strong; .ieavy trad
ing.
CHICAGO
Wheat - firm; export pros
poets.
Cats - steady; short cover
ing.
Hogs mostly rs cents lower
top S23.75.'
Cattle from 50 cents
higher to $500 lower; top
$500.
The union times., 1946-10-26
Ask
 National Fight On nProfiteering

WASHINGTON-(FP) = A call to American consumers to organize and fight for their living standards in the face of Pres. Trumans retreat on meat control has been sounded by the consumer advisory committee of OPA.
 Made up of some 30 representa- lives of women's clubs, consumer groups, and trade union auxiliaries, the cOmmitte said: ''The Presi- dents action in removing price con- trOl on meat has dealt body blow to the American consumer"
 The meat decontro1 resulted from pressure by powerful economic inter eStS, the statement said, and an almost unavoidable price control law passed by Congress. It will produce pressure from other producer interests for re- moval of controls on other products, they said.
 Consumers have a twofold task, they said:
 l. To work to maintain the con- trols still remaining, especially on building materials and rents.
 2. To use their power as con- sumers to resist infatiOnary prices of uncontrolled products.
 To do this, it was suggested they boycott dollar hamburger demand
The union times., 1946-10-26

favor National Health legislation. but I would not be in favor of legislation that regimented the workers, the medical or nursing profession. l believe in encOurag- ing national health and have worked hard in Connecticut for our own state program"
 T believe that government must adopt those policies and programs that will encourage full employment in in- dustry and business and that will work towards a better distribution and di- vision of the profits of all business and industry. I believe that labor should have its fair share of any ad- vantages or reduction of cost gained by technological developments and improvements of all kinds.
 "I believe that great programs of public works and other employment of a public nature should be so arranged that when business and industry can provide full employment, workers and materials be available for industry primarily, but that when we enter a cycle of declining employment, then Government should step in with its program using the money which it should have been able to save when business and industry was at high level and taxes were flowing into the federal treasury and spend that money for maintaining an adequate level of employment"
 Labor Relations Act
 Governor Baldwin who was cri- ticized by the Connecticut Federa- ton of Labor for failing to press for the adoption of State Labor Relations Act by the l943 General Assembly earned the praise of labor for bringing about the enactment of a fair and workable Act in the
The union times., 1946-10-26
CANDIDATES FOR THE
 GENERAL ASSEMBLY,

Nominations for State Senators and Representatives were made by party caucuses, in most districts too late to allow a questionnaire to be sent to candidates and answered in time for study by our Committee
 In considering candidates for mem bers of the General Assembly, it should be recalled that last January, Harold V. Feinmark, former Legisla- tive Agent of the Connecticut Fedora tion of Labor, characterized the dis graceful struggle for jobs for months as "a state wide scandal"
 Feinmark Quoted
 He also declared in his report to the Waterbury convention that ''the Connecticut General Assembly will not again be held in respect by the people of our state until both poli- tical parties dedicate themselves to the proposition that the first obligation of our legislators is to the people, and that patronage comes second"
 An obligation, therefore, devolves upon every voter to ascertain whether the candidates in his district can be relied upon to serve the people first or not in the state legislature and to guide himself accordingly.
 Important!
 Of necessity the workers of Con- necticut must take a greater interest in political matters than ever before. Whether labor laws will be emascu- lated, living standards reduced and depression and unemployment recur, or whether we shall march on the path of progress and security, will de- pend on the results of this years elections.
 This Committee has carefully evaluated the records of the candi- dates for COngressmen, Senator, and Governor, their position on vital issues, and pertinent factors. It has endorsed certain candidates in spirit of political non-partisan- ship and in the belief that their election would serve the best in- terests of the majority of the people.
 It is our hope that the information contained in this report will be helpful to the labor movement of this state
 NOn-Partisan Political
 Committee,
 Connecticut Federation of
 Labor GA. F. of L.)