davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-10-09
Is This Strike Necessary?

The interim agreement under
which all but ten of Washington's
bakeries will continue to operate
during the current bakery strike is
a sensible arrangement that will
tend to lessen the impact of the
bread shortage on a public already
harassed by meat, clothing and
other scarcities. The agreement
assures an uninterrupted supply of
bread from all but one of the city's
so-called Independent bakeries,
pending settlement of the contract
dispute between the Bakery Work.
ers' Local No. 118, American Feder-
alton of Labor, and the Employing
Bakers Association, composed of
nine of the larger commercial
bakeries. This means that Wash
ington housewives will suffer a 40
per cent. instead of an 30 per cent,
shortage during the strike.
The history of relations between
this union and the local baking
industry is such as to make one
wonder why it has now been
deemed necessary to discommode
the public at all. There have been
but two real strikes in many years
of contract negotiations. With these
exceptions the employers and
workers always have been able to
work out satisfactory agreement
without inconvenience to the public.
The issues in the present contro-
versy had been resolved by give
and-take process until only one
point remained unsettled. This
point has to do only with the
expiration date of an agreement
reached on wages, the employers
association holding out for April,
1948 whereas the union wants
April, 1947.
Action of the independent baker
les in agreeing to abide by any
settlement reached by the Employ
ing Bakers Association is an
encouraging step toward an eventual
solution. The fact that both sides
have indicated a willingness to
meet with a Federal conciliator
upon call paves the way for further
negotiations. The public will hope
that renewal of negotiations will
quickly end a strike which inf1icts
so much unnecessary hardship on
the innocent public and for SO little
ca1ISe
Evening star., 1946-10-09
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

DEwart, in the ID congressional dis
trict of Montana last year. This dis
trict had been Democratic since 1890.
But whether these isolated cases mean
much will not be determined until the
vote has been taken November S.
Republican leaders in these Western
States are interested first in winning
the congressional elections. Neverthe-
less, they discuss the presidential poSsi-
bilities for 1913. One thing, they insist,
which the Republicans in other sections
Of the country would give weight, is
that the voters in these States will not
stand for reactionary Republican cam
didate. This does not mean that West
eYners are not conservative-aS op-
posed to the 1eft-wing policies of the
present administration-but they are
not reactionary.
So, in their conversations, they speak
more Of former Gov. Stassen of
and Senator Vandenberg Of Mich
tgan than they do Of Senator Taft and
former Gov. Bricker Of Ohio. They
do not forget to mention Gov. Dewey
OF New York, whom they do not
regard as reactionary. They admit freely
that should he be reelected Governor
of New York in November, particularly
by . large plurality, Mr.. Dewey viii
have . great deal to say about whom
the Republicans nominate for President.
Gov. Dewey, for example, has been
strong with the voters in Wisconsin In
the past.
The Stassen supporters in Minnesota
are going doggedly to work for their
candidate. They understand that 1t will
take q great deal Of effort to put him
across, but they have by no means
given UP hope. They feel that his service
in the armed forces duriag the war
services which high-ranking naval Of
ficers say were Of great value-make
him particularly available. Some Of
them have gone so far as to discuss
possible running mates for Mr.. Stassen,
among them former, Senator Lodge Of
Massachusetts,, now Q candidate for the
Senate, who also has war record; Sem
ator SaltonstaI of Massachusetts, and
Gov. Baldwin of Connecticut, who also
Is q candidate for the Senate.
Gov. Warren of California, who has
been assured Of reelection by his
victory in both the Republican and
Democratic primaries in his State, is
bound to have supporters in these West
ern States, provided he throws his hat
in the ring for the presidential nomi-
nation. On national issues, however,
Gov. Warren so far has made no
record, and they are waiting to see
where he stands.
Evening star., 1946-10-09
On the Record
BY Dorothy Tho,np pson

The Soviets know that Britain,
second-rate power compared to the
United States or the U. S. s. R., cannot
risk frmneSs anywhere without Amer
ican solidarity. The most crucial posi-
ton of Great Britain is In the Darda-
nelles and the Middle East, especially
Palestine. Internal political pressures,
while not sufncient to impel the United
States 10 take any responsibility In Pal
estine, are strong enough to prevent the
British from reaching any solution not
acceptable to American ZioniSts.
But In the Zionist question, the Soviets
are not enbroiled They are, and have
been, anti-Zionist. They have, there
fore, q basis for bargaining with the
British, and the pointed invitation of
Stain to Britain to reopen and expand
political, economic and cultural rela-
tions Is astute, especially as the position
taken by this country first by F. D. r.
at Teheran, and now reafnrmed by MIR.
was that the United States should be
the mediator" and bridge" between the
u. s. s. r. and Britain.
But the greatest power in the world
cannot be mediator. It cannot be a
QIlQ&c, S0lCG IL Is O1lC Oh tklS bWO C1Acl
pillars on which any bridge must rest
Geographically, nature has put the
United States In the wrong position to
be q bridge The bridges between Russia
and Britain are Europe-where the
bridge has been wrecked by war and by
postwar policies; and the Middle East,
where the bridge is tottering.
=
To divide the United States from
Britain, the United States from Europe,
and the United States. from the
Middle East is the immediate goal
of Soviet policy. The U. s. 8. r.
is working 1t well. First, there
were pressures to mobilize American
opinion against British imperialism"
and thus SOW doubt in Britain Of Amer
lean dependability;, now the Soviets
play up to Britain for compromise
without the United States, or with
Britain a. mediator. Mr.. Wallace Is as
sisting this play, the end result OF
! which could only be the political de-
mobilization Of the United States, and
another Munich. with the United States
out Of It. Should Britain 60 to that
Munich, the results for her would be the
Same as the last one. For the United
States there would be q relieved period
Of peace" and rude awakening too
late.
Evening star., 1946-10-09
Smuts' Warning ot Paris

Jan Christian Smuts is an out
standing, and in some respects a
unique, figure in our contemporary
world. Holder of a marshaps baton
and Prime Minister of the Union OF
South Africa. he has long been the
Nestor among the "elder statesmen"
of the British Commonwealth and
Empire and is likewise the leading
survivor of the Versailles peace
makers who terminated World War I.
All this lends special significance
to the address which Premier Smuts
delivered last Monday before pie
nary session of the Paris Confer
ence. Speaking out of the ripeness
of wisdom gathered in long life OF
constructive craftsmanship, this ven-
erable parsonage uttered a solemn
warning against the divisions, dis
cords and recriminations which. for
more than two months, have charac-
terized the proceedings Of confer
ence called with the avowed purpose
of settling a series of European prob
lens. Indeed, his words came on the
same day which heard fresh attacks
by spokesmen of the Soviet bloc
against the majority decision re-
garding Trieste and the fortnight
answer of Senator Connally that no
further concessions by the western
powers would be made on that con-
troversial issue.
Against this recriminatory back
ground, Premier SHUTS, while giving
due credit for certain achievements
OF the conference, stressed the "dis-
appointing and discouraging" char
acter of the cleavage" which has
constantly" set the Soviet and
western blocs against each other in
debate, outlook and voting. This
cleavage, he warned. "if not cleared
up and removed, may bode i'll for the
future Of this conference and of
world peace. - It has been the
revelation of this conference. In
Importance it may yet come to over
shadow the conference ITSELF" He
went on to declare that "our lead
ership must take counsel together
and set peoples minds at rest" The
issue must be ventilated lest the
conference become "the overture OF
bigger struggles"
The reception of this noteworthy
address was not a cheering portent.
To be sure, when Premier Smuts had
finished, the hall OF the Luxembourg
Palace rang with applause. But that
applause did not extend to one seq
ment of his audience. Soviet For
eign Minister Molotov, just returned
to Paris from special conferences IN
Moscow with Stain and the Politbu-
Evening star., 1946-10-09
Mountain Mop

He had not .been hill-born, and ret
he kneU
These perv hills, as u colored mop
We're in his mind. Surely his mother
dreaD @
Each road and peak, ,oaen. cradled on
her lap,
He heard her lullabye as night came
dotrn.
The pears since then had made his
senses SloiD
And yet the songs she had sung were
scored on broton
Curled parchment In His heart. He
seemed to knoU
A Keen netD feeling, born OF something
strange
And yet familiar as his prinkled hand.
Here mere the hills Without single
change,
land,
The narrotD ,oindin0 trails which oncs
had been
Part OF her lyric ipords and epen-sone.
Blue tntndf dfoacers. spruce and streams
tUerc all his kin
And though the wGy he trGDeled had
been long,
He had come home at last and his
delight
Made mountain music IN the Quist
stehti ANoBM ARMOUR
Evening star., 1946-10-09
This Changing World
Rv GOnsfanfiNe Rr0tO,s

political and economic Soviet mission In
Buenos Aires, where It Is now working
to improve Soviet-Argentine relations
and further undermine the relations
between the United States and Argen-
tina.
A similar situation appears to exist
now in regard to Spain. The Russians
violent denunciations Of Franco and his
Fascist regime have suddenly subsidized.
There Is no more talk from Moscow that
Franco should be overthrown by force If
necessary, although the echoes OF the
violent campaign can still be heard oc-
casionally In America and France. In
the meantime, Russian emissaries are in
Spain and, according to some reports,
they are by way Of reaching some minor
commercial agreements which include
deal for about $4,000, 900 worth Of cork
and other raw materials.
But. according to the observers who
have returned from Spain, there are
many political jokers in the proposed
Russian-Spanish Commercial agree
ment." Russia, 1t is said, no longer OBJ
jects to Franco remaining in Office. She
is said to be willing even to strengthen
his hand in the event he desired to
withdraw some Of the political liberties
which he was compelled to grant his
people under the pressure Of public opin-
ion in the United States and Britain.
According to Madrid reports, Russia
is seeking political agreement with
FL Caudillo which might lead to Fran
co.'s being placed under Moscow's tute-
lage. The Spanish regime at this time
is not as harsh as those behind the iron
curtain. There are fewer concentration
camps in Spain than there are in Rus
sia, Poland, Yugoslavia and Bulgaria,
fewer political purges and no barriers
to foreign visitors. It does, however,
have many points In common with the
totalitarian governments in Eastern
Europe.
Because Of its geographical position
Spain may be one of the key countries
in Europe II another war comes. Hence,
the reluctance of the western govern
ments to yield to the clamor Of the Com
munist sympathizers few months ago
to use force against the Spanish dictator
Evening star., 1946-10-09

The peace conference appears to be
closing on q more optimistic note. This
may have been induced by Stalin's in
terview on September "a with Alexander
Werth of the London Sunday Times,
which was seized upon here with an
avidity hardly worthy the dignity OF
great nation.
I did not find the interview consoling.
Stain said, in effect, that the U. s. s. r.
was not afraid of capitalist encircle-
ment," because the western nations
could not accomplish it even II they
wanted to; that the atomic bomb was
no real menace, because it could only
be used to intimidate those with weak
nerves. Qe., the United States would
never really use it unless attackedo
Also, the United States would not long
retain q monopoly, and then It's use
would be abolished.
Stain denied that Moscow dictates to
world Communist parties, and held out
pointedly a hand to Great Britain
which was quickly grasped by Anthony
Eden.
Finally, he told the Americans to get
out Of China.
Stain was right that the U. s. s. r.
can no longer be "encircled." Western
Europe and China have had Gordon
sanitaire" erected against them by the
string OF Soviet satellite states from
the Baltic to the Adriatic, and in Nam
churia. Our proposal for the ''interna-
tionalizations OF Trieste is not realistic,
and it is dubious whether it will hold.
But 1t will weaken the forces In italy
friendly to us. Stain is worried that our
forces remain in China-the call for
their withdrawal has been the chief
must" in the propaganda campaign
Of the American Communists, who, Of
course, arrive at all their striking
unanimities with the Kremlin completes
" Independently.
The one place where the Soviet Gordon
is weak Is the Middle East and the
Dardanelles. II the United States makes
1t absolutely clear that we will protect
the independence of Turkey at the risk
OF war, / do not think the Soviets viii
force the issue. But the Soviets obvious
" don't think we will take any drni
stand, and must be hugely satisfied to
see Mr.. Wallace and his hackers who
always seek q respectable, native 'front.'
assisting their campaign to brand the
United States as q potential warmon-
ger" and break the interparty unity u
the United States.
Evening star., 1946-10-09
Rodin Exhibition

Nearly thirty years have passed
since Auguste Rodin died, and 1t is
true that "time has begun to reveal
new values In his work" The small
but richly representative exhibition
OF drawings, prints and finished
bronzes and marbles now current at
the National Gallery provides oppor-
tunity for a reappraisal OF the great
French sculptor's genius. He is not
completely explained by reference to
the inspiration which he undoubted-
ly received from the Gothic. Neither
is he entirely to be comprehended
according to the theory that he
subconsciously was struggling to-
ward Classic ideals. His life obvi-
ously was full of conflict. That is
one reason why much Of his achieve
ment reflects haste, impatience and
q consequent Illustration. Some
portion Of the 'individualism" for
which he was famous traces back to
the compulsion Of the demon" by
which he was possessed.
In other language, Rodin might
be described as a natural product Of
his time. Only in imagination did
he belong to the age Of Abbot
Suger. He labored in the style
Of the cathedral builders but not
with them, not with their medieval
religious inspiration. The power
that moved his hands was as mod
ern as the dynamo. Hence his afflli-
alton with Puvis de Chavannes,
his admiration for Balzac and Hugo
and much Of the appreciation which
he received from those of his coun-
trymen who similarly were emerging
from conservative or academic
atmospheres into the revolutionary
storms which even now, after half
a century, still are blowing.
Rodin was poet when he had
the chance. His propagandistic
accomplishments perhaps are less
apt to be remembered than those
from which the social emphasis"
is missing. "The Thinker" Of course,
will survive; and, whether it be
seen in Paris or London or Baltimore
or San Francisco, it always will be
popular with all classes OF people.
But the noble portrait Of Mrs. John
w. Simpson, which the National
Gallery now is displaying, is truer,
more valuable, more durable art.
The subject and her husband were
generous patrons Of the sculptor.
He returned their kindness in a
manner which finally has become
historic. The present exhibition
therefore is of interest in purely
human sense. It commemorate
friendship of distinction which in
itself was a triumph.
Evening star., 1946-10-09

The war Of nerves against Frances
Spain, which had been conducted with
the usual skill and emphasis by Moscow
for almost q year, has been suddenly
discontinued.
According to reliable observers re-
Gently returned from Spain, under-
cover negotiations are going on between
Moscow and Madrid which may end In
Commercial agreement" accompanied
by resumption Of diplomatic relations.
The Russian government is following
the same tactics against Franco as
against President Peron Of Argentine.
Last year there was Q strong CAM
paign against the Argentine dictator"
It was initiated by Moscow and followed
with the usual vehemence and name-
calling by Soviet followers and SYM
pathizers all over the world and partic-
ularly In the United States. But it is
now revealed. by sources familiar with
Soviet tactics abroad, that at the very
time Foreign Minister Molotov was maxi
ing his strongest denunciations Of Peron
and the Argentine Fascists at the San
Francisco Conference In June, 1945, he
had in his pocket draft treaty with
that ''nonpeace-loving" government.
+ 4 +
In the interval, however, the followers
of the Russian government in the United
States had managed to muddy the rela-
tions between this country and the great
South American republic to dangerous
point. The Moscow stooges In WASH
ington did their utmost, even after
Soviet Argentine diplomatic relations,
were resumed, to prevent re-establish-
ment Of cordial relations between the
two hemisphere republics.
Gen. Won der Becke, former Argen-
tine Army chief of staff, was sent to
Washington unofhcially by Peron to dis
cuss matters leading to hemisphere
military collaboration which had been
provided for in the Chapultepec agree
ment. The visit was bitterly assailed by
the Communists and fellow-travelers in
the Government and, as a result,
amounted to practically nothing. And
while the charge of "Fascism" was being
hurled at Peron and his regime in this
country, Russia established q large
Evening star., 1946-10-09
No Quick Salvation

Tnere is no QOuDC Lnat the meat
shortage is political dynamite and
every time President Green of the
American Federation Of Labor
damns price controls, as be is doing
quite frequently now, another fuse
is lighted. This is no news to the
Democratic candidates for Congress.
But their predicament is made worse
by their knowledge that there is
not much that anybody can do about
the situation-before election.
The amended Price Control Act,
which led to the recontrol of meat,
seems to have been phrased de-
liberately to prevent any precipitate
action toward later decontrol. The
Beef Industry Advisory Committee,
which by a vote Of eleven Of its
twelve members decided yesterday
to petition Secretary of Agriculture
Clinton P. Anderson for decontrol,
has begun action which eventually
might lead to such decontrol. But
the process thus begun will consume
a lot of time, when time Is measured
against the days remaining before
election.
This petition, when filed, must
state the grounds for decontrol and
Mr.. Anderson then has fifteen days
to answer it. Should Mr.. Anderson
deny the petition, as his previous
statements indicate he would do,
the Advisory Committee may ask for
further consideration and Mr..
Anderson must hold hearing within
ten days. Should he again deny the
petition, with a written statement Of
why, the Industry Advisory Commit
tee may appeal to the Decontrol
Board. But under any conditions
that is still a long way OF.
Some letters to The Star have
asked why we do not import Argen-
tine beef to relieve the shortage.
Mayor O'Dwyer of New York has
asked that prohibitions against South
American beef imports be removed
"as soon as possible" The Army is
now dickering with the British in
hope of borrowing some of their
Argentine beef with which to feed
our troops abroad. But the door to
this country, for South American
beef, is tightly closed. In 1927 the
United States forbade the importa-
tion of fresh meat from those parts
of Argentina where foot-and-
disease existed, and in 1890 this ban
was broadened and incorporated
in the Hawley-Smoo Tariff Act,
applying to the whole country
in which the disease existed.
A treaty with Argentina, putting the
ban back on a regional basis, never
came out of the Senate Foreign
Relations Committee.
The members Of Congress who took
part in making it possible to re-
control meat were careful to prevent
hasty decontrol. They may be re-
penting, at leisure, now.
Evening star., 1946-10-09
Jopun's Constitution

Considering their highly feudal,
totalitarian and militaristic past,
the Japanese are setting out on
what must seem to them to be
revolutionary new way of life. At
any rate, the constitution they have
just adopted represents an extraor-
dinary departure for them, and in
deed. in one respect, it is unique in
the history of the world.
Drawn up with the active assist
ance of General Macarthur and just
passed in it's final form by the Lower
House of Parliament, the new con-
stitution will become effective some
time next May, six months after
Emperor Hirohito approves it, which
he is expected to do within fort
night or so. Then, once it is in opera
tion, the japanese will have the
best chance they have ever had to
establish democratic self-govern-
ment.
From the standpoint of their do
mestic life. this new body of law is
truly revolutionary. It does away
with emperor worship. It writes
finis to the idea of a ruler divinity
exercising supreme ultimate power
over all of them. 1t reduces Hirohito
and his successors to the status of
little more than unifying national
symbol. It debars members of the
army and navy from public office. In
place of a theocracy or militariStic
totalitarian regime, it sets up par
liamentary system granting special
power to popularity elected Lower
House. In short, although it seems
to give the latter too much strength
to allow for a safe system of checks
and balances, it places within the
reach of the Japanese people free
dom and self-determination of
sort they have never had before.
Beyond that and this is what
makes it unique in world history
the new constitution DEGREES as basic
Japanese law that Japan forever"
renounces the maintenance of an
armed establishment. In other
words, as no advanced nation has
ever done, the once-pugnacious Land
of the Rising Sun binds itself volun-
tarily never again to have an army,
a navy or an air force, or to appro-
pirate funds for any such military
organization. Instead, it places its
faith in lasting peace and relies on
its neighbors not to do evil to it.
Against the background of current
events this constitutional renuncia-
ton may strike many-including the
Japanese themselves-as being abb
surdly unrealistic, a mere tongue
in-cheek gesture by totally de-
feated power. Perhaps that is the
right view. but then again maybe
time will prove it altogether wrong.
Maybe time will show that IN this
instance the vanquished set a good
example for the victors, leading the
way in a world where the atom and