davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-08-03
Black Markets Rompont in Europe
Trade in Cigarettes Drawing
TreosuresOut ofGermonHomes
(Seuenth OF a Series.)
By Herbert F. Corn
Monoeine Editor Of Tho S,or

! PARASITIC American cigarette
/ seems to be the only medium of
| exchange In Berlin which has the
! power to draw the few remaining
valuables out of their hiding places
! and onto the market.
1t seems incredible but the cigar
| ette rate Of exchange was 1900
marks per carton when the party
/ of American editors of which I
was a member, recently visited
Berlin. Some traders offered In
goods up to 1900 marks, but those
with reliable items stuck to the
! more conservative 1900 or the
equivalent in barter goods of s130
There was nothing of value in
the few shops opening in downtown
Berlin and the prices were too high.
Among the novel items was a port
able compass type sundial. the size
OF an old dollar watch. which the
Berliners are using for timepieces.
They are useless except under a
bright sun. but replace some of
the watches lost in the Russian
advance.
Down the side streets some of
the antique dealers were bringing
| out few treasures. pried out of
bombed homes and stores Dresden
porcelain figures could be obtained
and old silver and pewter, buried
before the invaders. was making it's
appearance-all in exchange for
cigarettes. Reichsmarks are useless
to farmer but he will sell few
potatoes and beets for cigarettes.
Trading With Enemy Banned.
In the early days of the occu-
patton it was this fantastic price
for cigarettes, candy bars and soap
which almost swamped the finan-
! cial branch of the Military Gov
ernment. BY agreement all the
powers pay their troops with Allied
marks, printed in the four zones.
Trading with the enemy is forbid
den but 1t was impossible to check
every American soldier who bought
| "cShAS Aob'oil Va tlsdl CttCS dJu
candy at an American post ex-
! change. Some of this material
found its way into the market in
exchange for marks.
At the present rate of S130 a car
ton soldier could profit easily by
about $500 month on his cigarette
ration alone. In one month the
American troops in the Berlin zone
were paid the equivalent of ST .0OO,-
900 in Allied marks and sent home
money orders totaling $4,000 900.
Now each man carries q currency
control book. When he is paid the
amount is entered in the book
When he applies for a money order
he cannot exceed the amount
credited to him in the book. Pur-
chases above IS in post exchanges
are also listed so he cannot exceed
the quota in goods The control
book has been effective. but some
tried buying postage stamps in
sl00 lots and a few spent too much
in the bars operated for servicemen.
Postage stamps are under control
and coupon books which must be
Evening star., 1946-08-03
BY fhs Asseeiotsd Pssss

President Truman submitted "a
major legislative requests to the
Seventy-ninth Congress and got 10
across.
Seven were approved in part, but
10 were allowed to die.
Here's the score:
Requests Approved uo).
British loan, atomic energy con-
trolls, congressional pay raises, pay
boosts for Government employees,
surplus ship sales formula, Federal
airport construction program, addi-
tional aid to UNRRA, extension OF
Second War Powers Act, organiza-
tion of surplus property disposal
under q single head, revisions Of the
GI Bill OF Rights and servicemen's
insurance program.
Requests Approved In Part %.
Extension of the draft law. price
control renewal, stockpiling Of stra-
tegic materials full employment
program, Government reorganiza-
ton, delay In returning Unitet
Evening star., 1946-08-03
ToImodge Says ArnoI| Bluffs
On Wiping Out kIon in Georqiu

hook-up. reminded him of Gov
Arnall's promise to abolish the Khan
During the interview, Mr.. Tai
madge said he expected that the
killers of four negroes at Monroe
Ga. recently would be apprehended
He denied Ia persons were
'lynched during his three previous
administrations as Governor. "It's
lie," he asserted.
When, name of persons slain dur
ing one of his administrations were
read to him. he declared, Its er-
roneous. It's based on wrong in
formation
Mr.. Talmadge said he would keer
his campaign pledge to bar Negroes
from voting In Georgia but init
mated he was in favor of keeping
Georgias poll tax repealed so a 10,
Of poor white folks can VOTE"
Evening star., 1946-08-03
18th Congress Expires Amid
Vague Special Session Threat
By J. A. O'Leory

{ AS members of the Seventy
ninth Congress headed home to-
day their leaders were hoping
President Truman will not find II
necessary to call them back into
special session before January.
This Congress. which gave Mr.
Truman only about half of his legis-
lative program, and some of that In
Watered-down fashion, rang down
the curtain late Yesterday without
any last-minute fireworks. Unless
the President does call a special
session this fall. it will be a new
Congress that assemblies in January
Merger Plan Piseonholed.
II there is no special session, this
will be the longest congressional re-
/ cess since 1888, and all bills left un-
finished last night will have to be
reintroduced and started over again
in both houses, no matter how far
they had advanced along the road to
enactment
Although the President sounded q
warning recently that if the new
price control bill proves inadequate
he will have no alternative but to
call the lawmakers back, high ad-
| ministration sources at the Capitol
indicated last night they see nc
present occasion for a special ses-
sion.
Among the major White House
recommendations left to die in COM
mittee pigeon holes when the gavel,
fell were: Merger of the armed
forces, universal military training
a long national housing pro-
gram, more liberal unemployment
compensation during the reconver-
sion period and prepaid health ane
medical care program.
British Loan Passed.
The second session of the Seventy
/ ninth went along with Mr.. Truman
Evening star., 1946-08-03
BY NE Arsoeioied Press

ATLANTA, Aug. 3.-Eugene Tai
madge asserted last night that Gov
Ellis Arnall's announced intention
OF driving the Ku Klux Klan out OF
Georgia was a "bluff" and nothing
would come of it.
The Georgia Democratic nominee
for Governor was asked in a radio
interview What about the Klan?'
II don't know, the Governor -elect
replied. I'm not a member. Ask
the present Governor, Ellis Arnall
He's a member. He holds a gold card
in it."
Gov. Arnall denied a similar
charge made against him several
weeks ago,
Ernest X. Lindley Of News Week
Magazine. questioning Mr.. Talmadge
from Washington on . two-way
Evening star., 1946-08-03

truck had broken one OF the minor
members of the bridges structure
during the war and traffic had to
be rerouted while it was welded to-
gether.
L don't know that any of them
could withstand the impact of a
loaded bus said Mr. Whitehurst
1T would all depend on the weight
and speed of the bus and the angle
of impact. Some of our Older
bridges would have very little re-
sistance to such an impact. I am
thinking particularly of the Twen-
tieth street bridge over Piney
Branch, which is to be replaced"
The railing of the Memorial Bridge
is a balustrade of North Carolina
granite. The balusters. or turned
stone uprights, are joined to the
base and the stone rail above with
mortar and 4-inch brass doWel Or
pin. The bus knocked out about "a
feet of the rail. scattering the heavy
stone balusters like tenpins. The
curbstone, which is 10 inches high,
is a major guard on the Memorial
Bridge to keep vehicles in the road
way. The bus. out of control,
mounted 1t without loss of speed
Evening star., 1946-08-03

I on the British loan. domestic control
OF atomic energy, additional aid te
UNRRA and organization OF sur.
plus property disposal
But on such important issues A
the full employment bill, extension
Of the draft and renewal of price
control, the lawmakers gave Mr.
Truman only semblance of what
he asked for.
In bringing the session to a close
last night, both Speaker Rayblrn
in the House and Majority Leader
Barkley in the Senate took note of
the fact that this Congress did not
do all that was asked Of it. but they
both defended and lauded their
colleagues for what was accom-
pliShed
Senator Barkley called the Sew
enty-ninth "one Of the hardest
working Congresses since I have
been in Washington. He said that
while it did not enact all OF the
Presidents recommendations, that
Is not unusual.
A moment later, when he ex-
pressed the hope that we may re-
assemble herein January. lo47,
that is" other Senators, as we'll "a
spectators in the galleries, noted
the significance of his veiled hope
that a special session will not be
needed in the meantime.
Senate Adjourns at 7:27.
The few remaining measures the
leaders had agreed to put through
were out of the way before sun
down. and Mr.. Rayburn adjourned
the House first. at 5:42 pm.
The Senate fingered on until 7 N
pm, discussing a few more minor
bills and listening to tributes t1
Senators who were leaving thu
chamber last night, not to return
Some have already been beaten In
the primaries, n few others are re-
Evening star., 1946-08-03
Police Hold Items
Lost by Victims
| OF Bus Accident

Remnants of yesterdays bus crash
at Memorial Bridge were awaiting
claimants today in No. 3 precinct
More than 45 items of personal
belongings OF the occupants have
been catalogued by police. The
articles will remain at the station
until claimed and identified accord
ing to Capt. George Wallrodt of No
3 precinct
Capt. Wallrodt said the articles
including a pocket screwdriver
shoes, letters and eyeglasses, were
gathered from the bus interior anG
vicinity of the crash.
According to Capt. Wallrodt, the
collection represents all articles not
removed by the bus occupants or
passersby at the time of the crash
OF the items listed, one is a canvas
bag filled with rolls of bandages
which. police say. was left in the
bus apparently by medical corps :
man,
Evening star., 1946-08-03
|18 Persons Arrested
In Strike Disputes
In 7 Industrial Plants
By the kssocio'ed Press

NEW CUMBERLAND. Pa, Aug 3.
Six persons were under arrest to-
day-flve on charges of assault and
the sixth on a charge of melting
a riot-in what Police Chief j. J.
Smith said was general melee
OF pickets and nonstrikers at the
Susquehanna Woolen Co. mill here.
Justice Of the Peace Robert S
Glass, before whom the charges were
lodged, said a preliminary hearing
disclosed that blows were exchanged
and coal was thrown in an alley
between the company's mill and
warehouse as the company tried
to move truckload of material
through a picket line
The International Ladies Gar
ment Workers Union. AFL, has been
seeking a contract with the COM
pany for several weeks and Mr.
Glass said more than $50 of the
mill employees are on strike.
Charles H. May, mill superin-
tendant, brought charges of assault
o6oAAiSV noA ooIoS dlid IJlOfd d
Stevens, both of New Cumberland
and of melting to riot against Davio
Franklin, Harrisburg, union or
ganizer.
Other assault charges were lodged
Mr.. Glass said. by Michael johnson
the unions district representative
against Charles Keys. Lester Miller
and Paul Cook, identified by Mr.
johnson as nonstrikers.
CONNERSVILLE, Ind, Aug. 3 [P)
Twelve men, identified by State
police as members of the United
Electrical Workers lCIO). were ar
rested today as disorders marked the
reopening of two plants of the Rex
Manufacturing Co., makers of Philco
refrigerators.
The men were accused of violat-
ing a State court restraining order
preventing them from interfering
with executives and Office workers
who attempt to enter the plants. Nc
formal charges had been fled
Evening star., 1946-08-03

tiring voluntarily, and one-Senator
Austin, Republican, of Vermont
has been chosen by the President to
represent this Government in the
United Nations Organization.
The Seventy-nin Congress de-
parted without the fanfare and ex-
cltement that sometimes marks ad-
Journment. In the House. many
members already had started home
before the savel fell. Those who
remained forgot for the moment
the spirit of party rivalry In which
only recently they were debating
current affairs.
The spectators, sensing that the
79th Congress was through its
verbal sparring, had nearly all fl
tered out OF the galleries. Repre-
sentative Michener, Republican, of
Michigan arose to pay nonpar-
tlsan tribute TO Speaker Ravburn
Tor his fairness as a presiding officer
and Mr.. Rayburn returned the com
plimept by praising the caliber and
diligence of his fellow members.
Bequeaths Knotty Problem.
This session enacted one measure
the congressional streamlinine
olll-that will give the leaders of
the new Congress in January some
knotty problems to solve, but which
should increase materially the en-
cheney OF the law-making ma
chinery.
Foremost among these tasks vii,
be the selection of chairmen And
the assignment of members to the
greatly reduced list of House and
Senate committees, involving As Il
does the elimination of many chair
manships.
Although 1t disagreed With Mr.
Truman with growing frequency on
nome-front problems, this Congress
left good record for upholdine the
administration in the field of foreign
affairs.
Starting with ratification of the
United Nations Charter last year. Il
also approved the Breton Woods
world monetary agreement. 4 broad
ened Reciprocal Trade Agreemen,
program and authority for q broad
program Of cultural relations with
foreign nations. including exchange
OF educational and scientific infor-
nation.
Evening star., 1946-08-03
Driver Swerves Truck
Into oHighwayBridgeto 10
Avoid Hitting Auto

A second major accident In as
many Gays on Washington Potomac
bridges was narrowly averted today
when a hve-and-a- half ton trailer
truck plowed into the framework OF
the Fourteenth street bridge to
avoid hitting an automobile which
had pulled in it path.
Roy Foster. 81 of Dumbarton, Va.
said he was driving the empty truck
back to Virginia after taking q
load Of wood to Capitol Heights, Md.
when another car going the same
direction passed him near the
Virginia end Of the bridge.
The car, which Mr.. Foster was
unable to identify, cut sharply ir
front of him. he said. and to avoic
an accident he swerved to the
right.
The right side of the trailer
buried itself in the metal frame
supporting the bridge, but neither
cab nor trailer jumped the side
walk as did the bus in yesterday.
Arlington Memorial Bridge ac-
cident.
The metal frame of the trailer
was split open and became en-.
meshed IN the bridge framework
and members OF the Police Ac.
cident Investigation Unit sent fol
an acetylene torch to cut the %.
foot trailer loose from the bridge
The fiow Of traf1ic was uninterrupted
on the four lane span.
Neither Mr.. Foster nor his wife
who was with him, reported any
injuries.
The truck belongs to H. H
Peasants Co., Of Dumbarton.
Evening star., 1946-08-03
Bus
Continued From First Page. }

man. chief of the Metropolitan Police
Accident Investigation Unit, the
youths automobile apparently
skidded on the wet pavement while
he was attempting to turn into the
District end of the bridge
1t. Liverman said the bus was in
the middle traffic lane of the bridge
In accordance with regulations, when
the youth, In attempting to pass an
other car, saw it and in trying TO
get back into his own line, cut in
quickly.
At this point 1t. Liverman said the
bus driver swerved sharply to avoid
"a collision but after colliding with
the car, the lotion vehicle careened
out of control. Before going through
the concrete bridge rail the bus
jumped 16-inch curb. The bus
landed on the roadway that runs
past the Water Gate, about so feet
from the Potomac River.
Son Of AP Correspondent.
The Grover youth works as 4 ci.
tation writer in the decorations and
medals section at Navy Annex In
Arlington. He Is the son of Preston
Grover, Associated Press war corre-
spondent now in this country on
leave from India where he is AP
bureau chief
Mr.. Grover was in New York yes
terday but hurried to Washington
to talk to his son. He saw him in
the hospital and told reporters the
youth appeared to be all right.
Mr.. Friess was Chief of the Docket
Division of the Patent Once and
had been employed there since he
was II years of age.
Active In Civic Affairs.
A native OF Washington. ne at
tended Central High School and had
been an Arlington County resident
for IS years He was an active
member of the Clarendon Citizens
Association.
He was vestryman at st.
Georges Protestant Episcopal
Church for the past 30 years, and
he and his wife played a prominent
part in the construction Of the
church building. For the past 10
years he had also been a member OF
the choir.
He was also a member of Airing
tons Columbia Lodge of Masons
and the Anchor Club in Washing
ton.
Besides his widow. he is survived
by q daughter, Mrs. Charles D. Hale
and .grandchild, Charles D. Hale,
Ijr.. II months old. Funeral ar
rangements have not been COM
pleted.
Evening star., 1946-08-03

purchased from the Army are now
required at the bars.
! Cigarette exchange rates" fall in
/ Southern Germany. Availability of
food supplies on the black market
seems to be the controlling factor
| In Vienna where there was prac-
tically nothing for sale on any
market the new schilling seemed to
be far steadier than the mark In
Germany.
Troops Paid at Official Rate.
In Rome there is an official ex-
change rate of 225 lire to the dollsr
and our troops are paid on that
basis. However, even the principal
stores accept an American dollar
as worth 470 to 500 lire and our Of
ficers claim that they are placed at
disadvantage because they are not
permitted to get this better official
exchange. They want to be paid In
dollars. The amount of American
currency in 81 and IS denomina-
tions in circulatio in Rome is sur
prising.
Stores were we'll stocked in Rome
and dong good business. Cloth
ing was fairly plentiful and food
easily ohtainable Food prices were
high for the poor and rationing
careless. but the people generally
appeared healthy.
In London the pound is stable at
$4G3. Rationing is generally ad-
hered to and the Britisher appears
to be trying to live as we'll as he can
on what he has. Food supplies are
not too plentiful and quality is poor.
Most restaurants limit the amount
Of food customer may purchase at
one meal to shillings, or about 81
The American loan was voted while
We were in London. Officially there
was relief and hope that greater sta
bilization of British credit was just
around the corner. Some elements
complained that the delay had re-
valuated the dollar because of infla-
ton in the United States.
Ration Coupons Sold.
Like Italy. France has imitation
with little control. The official ex-
change is ll8 francs to the dollar.
In Paris there are agents" about
the Place de Vendome who follow
any obvious stranger and ask him
if he has anything to sell" They
offered up 10 225 francs for dollars
if they could obtain hundred or
more. If a customer was skeptical
about counterfeit francs they are
willing to accomdate him by making
a small purchase in nearby store
to prove the value of thar money.
Essentials are rationed in Paris. but
purchase OF ration coupons is not
too difficult. The current rate for
gasoline coupons was so francs, but
the price per litre was fixed
There is some hope among the
French that Paris hotels. undam-
aged, may be available for tourists
late this year. This depends mostly
on availablee food supplies which are
so scarce now that American news
papermen, recently deprived of use
of Army post exchanges. find it so
difficult to purchase supplies that
they are setting up their own ex-
change.
Evening star., 1946-08-03
Light Kentucky Voting
Seen for Primaries
Today After Dull Race
BY ,hc ksxoeioted Press

LOUISVILLE, KY, Aug. s.-A
light vote was predicted today as
Kentuckians voted for a Senator
and nine House members in Demo-
cratic and Republican primaries fol-
lowing a campaign described as the
dullest In years by political OBJ
servers.
John Young Brown, Lexington at
torney and former Representative
and State legislator. has been con-
ceded "the man to beat" in the
nine-man race for the Democratic
senatorial nomination by those of
his opponents who have done any
public speaking
Two Republicans seek nomination
to the Senate, with Circuit Judge
John Sherman Cooper of Somerset
given the edge by most observers.
The two successful candidates to-
day will battle 1t out in November
for the two-year unexpired Senate
term left by A. B. Happy Chand-
Ter, Democrat. who resigned to be-
come baseball commissioner.
otAHHu I>Ol nunnlnR.
Republican William S. Stanill.
appointed to succeed Mr.. Chandler
pending an election, Is not making
the race
Kentucky's one Republican and
eight Democratic Representatives in
Congress all seek denomination.
-Four Democrats are unopposed In
the primaries, Including Represen-
tative May, Prestonsburg, chairman
of the House Military Affairs Com
mittee. who has been the subject of
recent testimony In the Mead COM
mittee's war profits investigation.
Mr.. Browns chief rivals today ap-
peared to be Philip P. Ardery young
Frankfort attorney who was lieu
tenant colonel in the Army Air
Forces in World War II; Blakev
Helm, Louisville attorney and vet
eran OF both World Wars, and Nor
ris B. Vincent, Brownsville attorney
and World War II enlisted man.
Others IN the Democratic race are
Tom Logan, Madisonville: James L.
Delk, Hopkinsville minister: George
T. Smith, Beattyville dentist: Henry
Clay Stephens, jr, Cliff attorney. and
John j. Thobe, ertired Covington
businessman.
Douglas Opposes Cooper.
Roscoe Conklin Douglas, williams
burg, opposes Mr.. Cooper for the
Republican senatorial nomination.
Representative Roosion, Barbour
vile Republican, has two opponents
IN the primary, but the Democrats
have no congressional candidate in
lhe heavily dominant Republican
9th district.
Unopposed Democratic Represent
atlves in addition to Mr.. Nav, In
clude Noble J. Gregory. Mayfleld. in
the lst district; Representative
Clements, Morganf1eld, in the I'd,
and Representative Chelf of Leb-
anon in the 4th. Mr. May represents
the 7th district.
House members with opposition in
the primary, in addition to Mr.,
Rohsion. include representative
ONeal, Louisville, in the Sd district.
Representative Spence, Fort Thorn
as, 5th: Representative Chapman
Paris, 9th, and Representative Bates
Greenup, 9th.
The Republicans have candida tes
IN all OF the nine congressional dis
tricts.