davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-12-29

shrank rapidly to approximate tely
peacetime size, and both made a
start on building active reserve
forces to be kept fit by weekend
flying Their plans, as much as
any ones, hang on what the new
Congress decides should be spent for
national security
Scientific developments in aero
nautics related largely to high-speed
aerodynamics and new power plants.
both turbine and rocket types CT
jet, in the military field.
| In commercial aviation a large
effort was expended in the field OF
electronics, seeking to adapt war;
time equipment to civil use or de-
signing new means of guiding air.
craft through bad weather. The
airlines joined with Government
agencies in the search for better
navigation and landing aids.
Great Advances Made
In Worldwide Aviation
The passing year was OF tremen-
dous significance in world aviation.
The United States started off with
historic air agreement with the
United Kingdom, signed at Bermuda
in February. Then it pressed its
program for additional -two-country
pacts until by the end Of 1916 it
/ had nearly 80.
| Rights were obtained for air routes
around the world, and a start was
made on formalizing aviation rela-
tions with Latin American coun-
tries, where only one agreement had
existed.
| Meanwhile the United States was
working on a new proposal for
multilateral or worldwide agreement
for the exchange of commercial
aviation rights, carrying on its hope
of making the air fully free.
/ Commercial competition in the
air between nations was resumed
after a seven-year blackout. Three
United States airlines were flying
the Atlantic in competition with
British, French, Dutch and Scan
dinavian lines.
i Sport flying was resumed, too,
hitting a peak at the national air
races, where prewar records were
beaten to bits and jet planes flew
lin contests for the first time.
Evening star., 1946-12-29

Rockets scared almost out of the
atmosphere, reaching an altitude OF
Ill miles and speeds beyond 5000
miles an hour. The first piloted
rocket plane to fly in the United
States, the XS-l, made a powered
fight in December, launching the
airborne phase of research into
trans-sonic speeds.
1947 Horizons Clouded
By Costs of Operations
Airlines carried the largest vol
ume of traffic in their history, but
had one of their least profitable
years. For 1947 they looked for
ward to the advent OF postwar
transport planes, promising faster
and more economical service, as a
favorable factor.
But everywhere they turned the
prospect of increased taxes and
airport charges confronted them.
Along with that was still unsettled
labor situation which had brought
on the airlines' first major pilots
strike.
Aircraft manufacturers also had
their largest peacetime volume. Al
though the nearly billion dollars
worth of planes produced was about
one-sixteenth the wartime peak, 1t
was several times greater than for
any year prior to 1910. Manufac-
turers had q fair year, but profits
were held down by large develop
mental expenditures.
Three of the largest planes ever
built, including the radically de-
signed Northrop Flying Wing, flew
for the first time. Howard Hughes
Evening star., 1946-12-29

Black markets and traffic in mar
cotics and alcohol flourish in many
cities. Cologne in the British zone
offers examples. Coffee sells for 300
marks a pound (about 500, auto
mobile tires for $500 marks and a
1-carat diamond for 10000 marks.
Commissar Otto Ohm, head of
the black market section of the
Cologne criminal police, says Ger
Evening star., 1946-12-29

HuTLLl7Iy JTOHL LfLe IUft-
1Oay a Jet propelled "Shoot-
ina Star" demonstrates its
speed at takeof.
/ / 400 military aircraft compared with
goal Of 1000.
The 1s47 prospect is for perhaps
2, 800 military planes If budget-cut-
ting, labor treIbles and general
economic conditions are not too un-
favorable.
Helicopters, Personal Planes
Reach Larger Volumes
Half a dozen commercial helicop-
ters-the first in the Nations history
were delivered as the output OF
that new machine began to reach
its stride. Personal aircraft produc-
ton amounted to around 10000
planes, figure undreamed of before
the war
The outlook for 1947 was uncertain
as the backlog of untitled orders for
small planes dropped sharply in the
closing months of 1916. Many new
light aircraft made their appearance
during the year.
Congress adopted legislation for
billion-dollar airport building pro-
gram which was expected to ge
under way in the new year.
The Army and Navy Air Branches
Evening star., 1946-12-29

usual to see a reduction in the pneu-
monia death rate in such circum-
stance and this is further evidence
of the efficacy of the current treat
ment of the disease. The improve
ment in conditions associated with
childbearing is all the more note
worthy because more babies were
born in 1916 than in any previous
year in the country's history.
Infant mortality also fell to a new
minimum in 1916. This is happy
circumstance because of the greatly
increased birth rate. Death rates in
Evening star., 1946-12-29

over a year and a half of
Allied occupation, faces a new
year of hunger, disease and unrest.
Most of her 6o,O00oOO or so people
are on semistarvation rations. Black
markets prey on them; poverty
drives many to crime, and tuber-
culosis, ricketts, and other ailments
are widespread.
The Reich's land must help sup
port hundreds of thousands of oc-
cupation troops and somewhat under
100000 displaced aliens. By Allied
estimates more than 100000 of her
own men, needed to rebuild the
country, still are prisoners of war.
Military government officials of
the United States and British
zones, merged by Secretary of
State Byrnes' and Foreign Secretary
Bevin's December 2 agreement, see
this outlook for Germany in 1947:
A continued sloW-stravation diet
for millions; "irreparable damage"
to children's bodies unless they are
better fed; some reparation Of
prisoners; some reduction in occupa-
ton forces, and a partial solution"
of the displaced-person problem.
Food Is Major Problem
For Forty Million
Food still is the Germans gravest
problem. Over 40,OO0,00O are on
Allied charity in the United States
and British zones. The normal
daily ration is 1850 calories. This
is $50 calories under the goal under
stood to have been set at Potsdam-
the 1000 calories health admins
traitors deem "a minimum sufficient
to maintain nutrition"
The United States and British
zones may become an economic
unit. But, says DR.. J. B. Canning
ranking American agricultural eX-
pert in Germany, "as things stand
now, even if all Germany were eco
nomically united, the land would
not produce a 2,000-calorie ration for
the people"
With the old hard or soft peace"
DEBATE in allegiance, United States
and British officials seem agreed
that incentive" loans should be
given German trade to enable the
country to export its products and
thus get the means to pay part of
its own food bill. They say that
although this might reduce the AL
lied burden, it likely would not i'm
prove the German diet much.
The United States, Britain and
France, occupying Western Ger
many, give monthly physical ex-
aminatir-7 to record the decline in
pubs .ealth from chronic malnu-
tri L.
tuberculosis is spreading at
staggering rate. The growth in
venereal disease rates since sur
render. blamed in part on Allied
garrison armies, is described as
fantastic.
Col. H. T. M United States
deputy chief of . lie health, re-
ports that a large proportion of
postwar babies in German cities have
bone-deforming rickets for want of
vitamin D.
There is physical damage being
done to the children now, and it
will become irreparable in 1947 if
nutrition is not improved" he says.
Evening star., 1946-12-29

much of it's prospects hanging upon
st-conscious lawmakers.
Man twice flew almost halfway
around the world in 1916 without
stopping. One flight was an II $50
mile world record fight in a Navy
patrol plane, the other a hop from
Honolulu to Cairo over the Arctic In
an Army Air Forces bomber.
British experts showed the world
speed record ahead 10 notches to
GIG miles an hour. The American
speed mark was raised to Gil miles
an hour in a new AAF jet fighter,
the P-84.
A jet-propelled P-80 crossed the
continent in hours and 13 minutes.
Evening star., 1946-12-29
By Daniel De Luce and Godfrey Anderson

mans trade cameras for American
cigarettes in the United States con-
troled legal barter market in Frank
furt and sell them in Cologne for 6
marks, so pfennigs apiece (about IS
cents. Or they take forged food
and clothing ration cards from
Cologne and sell them for $50 marks
each in the United States zone.
Evening star., 1946-12-29
Postwar Germany F aces Bleak F uture

Commissar Ludwig Job, head of
the narcotics section, reports that
sugar beet schnapps-"not good, but
very alcoholic'-sells for 200 marks
a bottle, and drugs, real and fake,
draw phenomenal prices.
In the British zone alone police
made 1900 black market raids in
one month. Authorities report a
recent increase in illicit distilling
and cattle slaughtering.
Poverty is the lot of most people,
For example, the average Dussel-
dorf worker is paid up to 80 marks
week. He can't afford potatoes
at 5 marks a pound or black market
apples at II marks. So he lives on
bread. He may wait in line IL hours
to get it.
Dusseldorf police report marked
increase in crime The poor steal
from neighbors. They wreck wooden
signboards for fuel and pilfer prod
uce from farmers.
The United States, which has
slightly more than 100000 prison.
ers, plans to get rid of them even
in advance of the final peace con-
ference. Britain plans to complete
repatriation of the more than 100000
in the British Isles by 1949.
But both Russia and France have
indicated they need labor repara-
tions from Germany for long-term
reconstruction. And they are esti-
mated to have the most prisoners
600 900 in France and over 5000 600
in the Soviet Union.
Since We day the United States
has released 100000 prisoners, the
British 100000 and Russia 100000,
but the French have expanded their
holdings.
Occupation Forces
To Be Cut Shortly
OF the occupation armies, United
States officers predict a reduction
of 30 to so per cent in the next few
months in Russia's forces in Ger
many, reported by Prime Minister
Stain last october to number 20
divisions and estimated in other
Allied military quarters at 100000
to 100000 men.
The United States is committed
to trimming its occupying forces to
$4,000 by next July and the British
may make a like reduction, though
they are reticent in reporting troop
strength.
OF the remaining displaced aliens
nearly 100000 are in the United
States zone and most of the rest in
the British zone. They stay because
policy is not to compel repatriation
to Polish and Soviet territories, from
which the bulk of them came.
With the long-range aim of re-
educating them for democracy the
American Military Government is
enrolling German youth in sports
and religious organizations, trade
unions, educational groups and the
like. Of 100000 Germans between
10 and 18 in the United States zone,
718, 1872 now belong to such organiza-
tions, AMG reports. This consti-
tutes IS per cent Of the age group
and represents an increase of about
so per cent in the two months ended
November /.
By the Associated Press.
Evening star., 1946-12-29
Aviation's Future { C|ouded After '46 Squirt

for airline service in 1916. The out
look is for more than 300 to be de-
livered in 1947, however.
Plagued by strikes in related in
dustries, which virtually halted de-
liveries of jet planes for several
months, the industry produced only
Evening star., 1946-12-29

SocOTu VICE FTSSMcHt uftu otutto-
tician, Metropolitan Life Insurance
Co., Neto York.
EALTH conditions in the
United States have never
been better than in 1916,
and the country may con-
fidently look forward to their con-
tinuation in 1947.
The only ground for caution is
the possibility of an outbreak of
influenza in the spring or late next
fall. Although there have been
dire predictions on this score
from some quarters, there is yet
no indication of the beginnings OF
such an outbreak. Apart from this
element of uncertainty we have a
right to be hopeful as to the general
health prospects to the country.
Our health services have been
restored to peace-time efficiency
and extensions are now being
planned. Our people will benefit
from the wider application of peni-
cillin, the sulfa drugs and other
recent developments in the treat
ment of disease. They should con-
tinue to reap advantages from
health education which was inten-
sified during the war period. This
applies particularly to nutrition.
Millions of our men who were in
the services learned what good
medical care and preventive medi-
cine can accomplish and will de-
mand better health services.
Death Rate During 1946
Was Lowest in History
Rejecting the excellent condi-
ton of the Nations health in 1916,
the death rate for the year was the
lowest in our country's history. We
shall have to wait until all the fig
ures are in before we can be cer-
tain by how much the previous
minimum of 1912 was surpassed.
The gains in 1916 were all the more
remarkable in view of the greatly
increased number of babies and of
old people in our midst. These facts
are revealed by the up-to-date NOR
tality figures of the Metropolitan
Life Insurance Co. and by partial
returns for the country as a whole.
The fine record for the year was
achieved In the face of a bad be-
ginning due to a widespread inf1u-
enza epidemic that began late In
1945 and continued into the opening
weeks of 1916. Fortunately, epi-
demic influenza last year was rela-
lively mild and the country recov-
cred quickly from it. Beginning
with March, the successive months
have uniformly registered lower
mortality figures than the CORE
spending months of the year before.
The year 1916 recorded new mini
mum death rates for many impor-
tant diseases. Outstanding in his
list are pneumonia, tuberculosis, ap-
pendicitis, the conditions associated
with childbearing, typhoid fever,
and a number of childhood dis
eases. The record for pneumonia
is particularly good in spite of the
outbreak of respiratory disease in
the early months. 1t is rather un-
Evening star., 1946-12-29

Behemoth, an eight-engine flying
boat, was hauled to water for pre-
flight tests. The AAFs man.
moth bomber, the XB-36, and the
Navy's giant transport. the Con-
stitution, made successful initial
flights.
Evening star., 1946-12-29

The year was outstanding also in
the first fight of new jet planes and
radical designs. Both the AAF
and the Navy sent up new jet fight
ers, combination jet and propeller
planes, and heavy attack planes with
large piston engines.
Planes of Radical Designs
Flown for First Times
One of, the oldest was the Nays
two-engine pancake" with pro-
pellers at the forward extremes of
its bug shaped fuselage-wing. The
Navy checked out two jet planes
aboard aircraft carriers as it moved
to match the Army in conversion to
jet fighters.
The first OF the postwar trans
port planes few, but none were ready
Evening star., 1946-12-29

Childhood have been at satisfac-
tory low level and this also is graft
flying because of the tremendous
growth of our child population in
the past six years. OF all the COM
mon childhood disease, only measles
showed a sharp increase. This, how
ever, merely reflected the upswing
of the periodic cycle of this disease.
Though 1916 was a measles" year,
mortality was comparatively low.
The diphtheria record, which looked
unpromising earlier in the year,
later improved and the death rate
Evening star., 1946-12-29

I 1885, for the fourth successive year, polionsyelitis
Das unusually preualent In act the number OF cases
zuas the qhest for any gear except 1916 But tortu-
nate the proportion of fatal cases aOas low Above
polio Uicti s1o1on in iron lung at local hosp1ta
F Star Stat
Evening star., 1946-12-29
By james J. Strebig

AssocIufeu FTeSS ofuH WTHeT
WALTON few high and fast
~ in 1916, bounced through
~ some rough air and now
- - looLs fo tho r,aw wear with
Evening star., 1946-12-29
By DR.. Louis |. Dublin

Second Vice President and StGtiS-
tician, Metropolitan Life Insurance
Co., NeiD York.
Evening star., 1946-12-29
BERLIN.

BERLIN.
:, : :: e: E; !; +: :: :: :: 4
Allied occupation faces a new
Evening star., 1946-04-04

WN. 3:30-Groueho Marx Msik.
M0p. s:00-sns From,a sings Z Jerome
Kern medley.
Wh. s:00-Georsia Gibbs and Frank Nor.
gan drop in.
WAl. 9:30-NewNseI Comedian Lew lshl
becomes smtes Of This audience participation
show.
Evening star., 1946-04-04

VOL, 9:30-SteIa Roman subs for lItia
AIbaness.
Wc. 9:30-lary Adler calls on Jack Haley.
W10p. 9:30-comedian Hugh Herbert reveals
his hobby.
VOL, 1t:30-6en. Douglas Macarthur Is
heard during the opening Of the 4.power Allied
council in Tokyo.
Evening star., 1946-04-04
Oh Tine Ar IoNien1,

Oh THE AIR TONIGHT.
M0p, 8:00-Agnss heofehssd in Post
Morfem."
WMAL. $50" Should We Continue the
Draft Beyond May Isl" discussed by Assistant
Secretary Of War Petersen. Tex heCrary MiIsrd
lampeII and Quincy Howe.
Evening star., 1946-05-15
Retention al Capitol
0f2D.C. PoIiceA Asked

All except two of the IL metro
politan policemen still on duty at
the Capitol should be returned to
their own force on July l, Kenneth
Romney, sergeant at arms of the
House, has informed House Appro-
priations Subcommittee.
Mr.. Romney's statement was dis
closed yesterday when the text of
hearings was made public by the
Appropriations Committee which is
considering the'legislative appropri-
alton bill.
He told the subcommittee May 7
that last October he returned to the
Metropolitan Department eight of
the 20 men who had been detailed
to assist Capitol police and protect
buildings and grounds during the
war. He asked that he be allowed
to retain two detectives who do 'in-
valuable" liaison work between the
Capitol Police, FBI and the Metro
politan Department..
Mr.. Romney yesterday identified
the men as Its. Michael Dowd and
Carl Schamp.
ITO retain these men," he ex-
planned, would require the small
appropriation of $7,505.76 annually
to reimburse the Metropolitan Police
Department. Inasmuch as they are
career men, they cannot be sepa-
rated from the METROPOLITAN Police
Department but can and should be
detailed here"
The legislative budget estimate for
1947 called for $55,000 to reimburse
the District Police Department for
salaries of the 20 men.
Mr.. Romney recommended that
one special officer and nine addi-
tional Capitol policemen be added
to the present force to take the
place of the 10 metropolitan police
men.
Evening star., 1946-05-15

You'll tell the World about Pebeco's
'srdnd, neW" flavor, too. That
makes three good reasons why you
should use Pebeco to keep WOO
some. ~ New, more pleasant taste.
Evening star., 1946-05-15
Hecht Co. Wins Prize
On Window DispIoys

Second prize in a national con-
test among retail store window dis
plays of Girl Scout equipment has
been awarded the Hecht Co., it was
announced yesterday by the Girl
Scout equipment service. David
Feldman of 1912 Thirty-third street
NV, a buyer. and Harold Melni-
cove of 9701 Lawson place, Silver
Spring, Md, decorator, will each
receive $50 Saving Bond as indi-
vidual prize awards.
First place in the contest was
won by department store in st.
Cloud, MINI.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1946-10-31
NOTICE TO CREDITORS

Estate of Maud b. Hoover, Deceased.
Notice is hereby given, That the
subscriber has obtained from the Or
phans' Court of Washington County,
Letters of Administration on the es-
tate of Maud B. Hoover, late of said
county, deceased. All persons hav-
ing claims against said deceased are
hereby warned to file the same in
said Court, with the vouchers there
of, legally authenticated, on or be-
fore the 18th day of May next;
and no claim not filed within the
period specified shall thereafter be
asserted against the real estate of
said deceased in the hands of a
purchaser for value.
Given under my hand this 18th
day of October A. d. 1916.
BERTHA II. HOWARD,
10-24-3t Administrative
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1946-10-31
ORDER NISI
In the Orphans Court of Washing
ton County

In the Orphans Court of Washing
ton County
In the matter of the Estate of
Mahlon E. Bowman, Deceased.
Ordered, by the Orphans Court
Of Washington County, this 18th day
of October, 1916, that the sale of
Real Estate made by Reno v. Stout
fer, Executor, Mahlon f.. Bowman,
deceased, and this day reported to
this Court, be ratified and confirm
ed, unless cause to the contary be
shown to the Court on or before the
7th day of November next: Provided
copy of this order be inserted in
some newspaper published in Wash
ington County, at least once a week
for three successive weeks before
the said last mentioned day.
The report states the amount of
sales TO be $15100.
LLOYD K. HOFFMAN,
d. JOSEPH WILMER,
CHARLES F.. FRY,
Judges Of the Orphans Court
True Copy-Test:
HARRY NEWCOMER,
10-l7-3t Register of Wills.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1946-10-31
ORDER OF PUBLICATION
SWANSON r. TURNER
VIRGINIA r. TURNER

VIRGINIA r. TURNER
No 1907 Equity, In the Circuit
Court For Washington County
To: VIRGINIA r. TURNER, De-
PENDANT and nonresident of the
State Of Maryland.
The object of this suit is that the
complainant may be divorced A
VINCULO MATRIMONII from the
said Defendant, and for other relief.
The Bill states that the parties
were married on the goth day Of
June, 1886, by a Minister of the
Gospel in Winchester, Virginia, and
took up their residence in Washing
ton County, Maryland, and that on
the same day, June goth, 1896, your
Respondent without any just cause,
deserted your Orator and refused to
live with him, That the whereabouts
of the Respondent at the present time
is unknown, but she has lived in
Boston, Massachusetts; and Philadcl-
delphia, Pennsylvania, her last
known address being Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania That your Orator is
a resident of HagerstoWn, Washing
ton County, Maryland, and has re-
sided here since his marriage. That
the said desertion was continued I'M
interrupted for over Ten years and
is deliberate and final and beyond
any hopes of reconciliation. That
there were no children as a result
of said marriage That the Orator
has given the Respondent no just
cause for said desertion; And the
Bill prays for an Order of Publica-
ton.
TT is TIIEREUPON, this 9th day
of October, A. D. 1916, by the Cir
cult Court for Washington County,
sitting as u Court Of Equity, Order
ed that the plaintiff, by causing a
copy of this Order to be inserted in
some newspaper published in Wash
ington County, Maryland, once in
each of four successive weeks prior
to the 18th day of November, give
notice to the said nonresident de-
PENDANT of the object and substance
of this suit and warning her to be
and appear in this Court in person
or by solicitor, on or before the End
day of December, 1916, to answer
the premises and show cause, if any
there be, why a decree ought not
be passed as prayed.
EDWARD OSWALD,
Clerk.
True Copy Test:
EDWARD OSWALD,
l0-17-4t Clerk.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1946-10-31

1t. Gen. Hugh A. Drum, former
commander of the Western Defense
Command - "There is an urgent
need to take the lad from the city
out into the country where he can
not only derive benefits from physi-
cal activities, but also secure a
broader mental picture of our Am
erican life"
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1946-10-31

Teaching as a profession cannot
depend much longer upon that loyal
band of men and women who teach
because they love to teach. Miss
Mary Titus, president, department
classroom teachers, National Educa-
tional Association.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1946-10-31
AN APPRECIATION

To all who rendered a loving
kindness in service during the ill
ness, death and burial of Mrs.
Minnie c. Funk. These Christian acts
in loving sympathy are appreciated
beyond the expression of language
Husband, Daughter and Sisters
(Adt.)
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1946-10-31

The number of certified civil air
men now is more than 10 times the
prewar total, or about $4,000
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1946-10-31

Lincoln was great, not because he
lived in log cabin; but because
he was able to get out of it.