davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-06-03
Romuniu Admonished

Inc sharp notes OF protest lodged
with the Groza regime in Romania
by the American and British gov
ernments are an indication that the
western powers intend to insist that
the regimes established in the Bal
kans under Soviet control live up to
the pledges they made in conformity
with the decisions reached last De-
cember by the Conference of Foreign
Ministers at Moscow.
Pursuant to those decisions, a
big Three" mission, consisting of
the American and British Ambas-
sadors to the Soviet Union and of
Andrei ViShinsky, Soviet Vice For
eign Minister, visited Bucharest, the
Romanian capital, last January and
received assurances from Premier
Groza, head of the provisional gov
ernment set up after Russian occu-
patton and the expulsion of the Axis
forces, that parliamentary elections
would be held within a reasonable
time under conditions enabling
free and fair vote and participated
in by all political parties not tainted
by collaboration with the Axis.
The current American and Brit
iSh notes, technically separate but
couched in terms so similar that
they are virtually 'identic" in char
acter, charge that none of the
pledges given to the Allies last jan
uary has been fulfilled; that the
Groza government is either procras-
tinating or circumventing its prom
ises; that opposition groups are
being terrorized by "organized bands
of hooligans," as the American note
puts it, together with mass arrests,
denial of press freedom and the re-
duction of two members of opposi-
ton groups admitted into the cab
met to mere ciphers. Besides these
charges directly related to breaches
of the Moscow decisions, the Amer
ican note complains of censorship
abuses such as the deletion of i'm
portant sections of the statements
of Secretary Byrnes and Senator
Vandenberg last February, as pub
lished in the Romanian press.
This vigorous diplomatic stand
taken by the western powers re-
garding Romania is in line with
their similar attitude toward the
Soviet dominated regime in Bull
garia, but stands in sharp contrast
with their complaisance toward the
regime in Yugoslavia headed by
Marshal Tito, which has acted with
virtually complete disregard of the
same Moscow decisions, under which
it obtained diplomatic recognition
from Washington and London. In
deed, only a few days ago the west
ern powers sent the Tito government
a sharp warning regarding its pro-
vocative tactics over Venezia Giuha
and other matters.
This coincidence of joint Anglo
American diplomatic action regard
ing both Yugoslavia and Romania
suggests the possibility that the
western powers intend to follow a
sitter policy regarding the entire
Balkan region under Soviet control.
Evening star., 1946-06-03
Another Way to Aid

To the Editor Of The Star:
To those Washington area residents
who have been asking what they per-
sonally can do to help with relief to
Europe, should like to announce the
revival of the Washington chapter of
the International Rescue and Relief
Committee. This chapter functioned
in Washington for two years before
the war, until the National War Fund
assumed responsibility for European
relief.
Since 1888 IRRC, through its head
quarters at 103 Park avenue. New York
City, has been aiding anti-Fascists of
all nationalities with food, clothing,
medical care and cash allotments,
through migration and resettlement
projects and through educational and
retrainlng programs. 1t also provides
immigration and legal advice. Euro
pean Offices are maintained in France,
Italy, Switzerland. Turkey, Sweden, Bel
gium and Holland. ...
Monthly shipments of food, used
shoes and clothing now are being made
by IRRC. The committee works in close
cooperation with UNRRA and with the
1ntergovernmental Committee. It is one
OF II agencies designated by President
Truman as constituting CRALOG, the
Council for Relief Agencies Licensed
Tor Operating in Germany. IRRC is
also member agency of the National
War Fund and of the Central Location
Index
The Washington chapter will be a
long-term organization, and will con-
tlnue to function as long as there is
need for relief.
Any one who wishes to contribute
to the chapter. either as a volunteer
worker or as donor, is requested to
write Mrs. Gertrude w. Allen, secre.
tary, 5606 Madison street, Bethesda IA
Nd, or telephone WI. 1142.
MARIAN WARD.
Evening star., 1946-06-03
Song for June

June Is far field, blue as a rtppltng
lake,
Is yellotD cloper splicing country air.
June is the moonlight stroll that louers
take,
The nimbus around a youthful bridal
pair.
June is bamboo rod, back-Ddrmino
sun,
4 thousand, thousand picnics In the
park,
Vacations long looked -torward-to. be-
gun,
Ctcddd's noon-song, cricket-chirptn1
dark.
June is the Gilman that the years
unfold
The mortar board, the hole-i in one.
the suing
OF first long dresses, and the smile OF
old
Age rocking +. rocking and
remembering.
ELoIsE WADE HACKETr.
Evening star., 1946-06-03
Mr.. Stettinius
President Truman has good reas

President Truman has good reason
to urge Mr.. Stettinius not to give up
his United Nations post at this time.
Few Americans are as we'll qualified
to be our representative on the Sc
curity Council. and until the U. N.
as a whole is more firmly estab-
lished, his services will be very much
needed.
It may be, as some reports suggest,
that Mr.. Stettinius feels he ought
to resign because of Secretary of
State Byrnes' Intervention when the
Iranian question first came to a
head before the Council At that
time the Secretary himself went up
to Hunter College to represent the
United States-a move viewed in
many quarters as rejecting a lack
of confidence in Mr.. Stettinius.
Whether or not that was the case,
however. the President now makes
clear that both he and Mr.. Byrnes
want him to stay on the job, a fact
indicating that the administrator
would consider his leave-taking
distinct loss.
Certainly it would be difficult to
replace Mr.. Stettinius with a man of
equal experience in the workings of
the United Nations. After his highly
successful administration of lease
lend he played key part in devel-
oping the U. N. from an idea to a
reality. First as Undersecretary of
State and later as Secretary, he was
one of the small group of statesmen
who hammered out the organization
step by step from Dumbarton Oaks
to the historic San Francisco Con-
ference. During the latter. though
handicapped by reports that Mr.
Byrnes would succeed him as Secre-
tary, he labored diligently and with
fine singleness of purpose to bring
the Charter into being. Then, after
resigning from the secretaryship, he
assumed the heavy responsibility of
helping to put the U. N. into opera
ton as chief of the American dele
cation.
Considering the fact that the
U. N. is still feeling It's way, Mr..
Evening star., 1946-06-03
This and That
BIZ Charles E. TraceUeu.

Mrs. Templeton Jones is kindly lady
who wouldn't hurt mouse, or cheat
one, either, but she Is not above getting
her family's share of butter
Wartime America was one thing, ac-
cordlng to the ladies, but BUTTERFLIES
America after the war makes no sense
to them.
So Mrs Jones and all the other ladies
get what butter when they can, how
they can, and where they can.
Butter propaganda in the old days
must have been good, judging from the
way American women stick to butter
when they can.
Jones discovered that the man handing
out the butter was paying no particu-
lar attention to his customers.
He actually seemed to be looking the
other way.
He passed out a quarter of pound,
and took the change.
He was so mechanical about it that
after Mrs. Jones had purchased her
allotted quarter of a pound she had a
very guilty thought.
IF went back in that line, I don't
believe he would know me-" she said
to herself.
1t was temptation.
X X
Mrs. Templeton Jones stood on one
foot, and then on the other. as she
succumbed.
She thought. I'll do it-what differ
ence will it make?"
Accordingly, she got in the line again,
and held her breath as she handed
over her money and received her second
quarter pound.
She was flushed with triumph.
She forgot the old verse about how
terrible the face of evil is, at first, but
how familiarity makes it more accept
able
She was so pleased with her pur-
chases that nothing could stop her now
How about going through again?"
1t was a daring thought-for Mrs.
Jones. She had never done anything
like it in her life.
All the hours of radio propaganda,
the shouting about buying only what
one needed, rolled off her pretty back.
She stepped into the line again.
The man was as needless as ever.
He handed out a third quarter of a
pound, and accepted the right change.
Victory
Mrs. Jones thought she would quit,
now.
But was that man speaking to her?
He was, and out of the corner of his
mouth without any expression at all.
Don't you think you have enough?"
he asked
Well, it was almost as if the great
statue of Lincoln had suddenly spoken.
Mrs. Templeton Jones blushed.
Being true daughter of her age,
she was not at loss for words.
Yes" she blurted out, but 1t has
been two months since I have had any
butter at ALL
The man said nothing. He was too
busy waiting on the next customer.
Mrs. Templeton Jones mind was a
mixture of triumph, confusion-and
butter-as she left the store. Her clever
dodge had worked, but somehow it
didn't seem as clever as it did at first.
The man had let her have the butter,
but he hadn't been fooled bit. Mrs.
Templeton Jones, vending her way
home, thought of some lines of poetry
about the desirability of some power
giving us the gift of seeing ourselves
as butter men see U.s. Maybe that wasn't
exactly right, she thought, but 1t was
near enough.
Evening star., 1946-06-03

open court. Under the chemical method
the prisoner does not remember what
he said and is likely to deny certain
declarations even after they have been
taken down in shorthand. In order to
make the political victim talk he must
be under the constant fear that the
atrocious treatment to which he has
been subjected during the investigation
Will be repeated if he chooses to deny
what he had admitted under coercion.
the breaking OF the limbs and other
tortures applied in the Middle Ages no
longer serves the purpose. Other worse
methods which cannot be revealed in
print are being applied The prisoner
maintains his lucidity throughout the
treatment, which extends for several
days. Very few, even among individuals
known for their physical courage, can
stand the tortures for long.
At the end of the treatment" thev
are willing to confess almost ANYTHING
and implicate anybody, including their
closest friends and relatives. They know
they will not be liberated by death at
the hands OF the hangman unless they
reiterate the declarations made in the
torture chamber. Should they attempt
resumed after the court declares a
recess, and the ordeal will start all over
again.
After all that is wanted Is taken
down in the proper legal form, the
victim is given several weeks respite
during which time he is given medical
attention and good food. At the end
OF that period he is no longer a shadow
OF his former self and he can be pre-
sented to the public in fair shape But
throughout the official trial he is re-
minded by his guards that the slightest
attempt to change his testimony will
mean return to the torture chamber.
Such methods are reported to have
been applied by the OZNA on Gen. Draia
Mlhailovich of Yugoslavia, whose trial
has been postponed several times since
his capture. King Peters former min
lister of war and comma nder of the
Chetniks, who is known for his per-
sonal courage, attempted to resist the
tortures longer than other victims of
Marshal Tito's secret police In the end
he broke down like the others.
Gen. Mihailovich's physical appear
ance, however, is such that the Yugo-
slav government does not yet dare bring
him before the public lest it should
become too obvious how his "confes-
SION was obtained. He is now reported
to be under good medical care so that
when the trial opens on June 25 he
will look as if he had only to suffer
the effects of confinement
Evening star., 1946-06-03
1t Spells Wheat
Prom the Baltimore Sun.

From the Baltimore Sun.
But why save wheat? Why not con-
tlnue to eat the normal amount of
bread and other wheat products, and
then help the food drive by, say, put
ting in another row of lettuce in the
post Victory garden? Again the answer
Is simple. The need is for foodstuffs
which will carry well, store well, and
then yield maximum amount of food
value when the distribution process is
over. That is just another way of
spelling out the word wheat" for wheat
has in paramount degree all those
qualities. That is why, from time i'm
memorial. wheat has been the staff
OF life. That is why voluntary cuts In
wheat consumption are the first long
step toward helping the starving peoples
of the world
Evening star., 1946-06-03
This Changing World
By Constantine BrotVn

The verbal and written reports of OBJ
servers who have first-hand infOrma- =
ton about the regime of terror which
prevails behind the iron curtain in
Europe exceed the most fantastic fiction
stories
Chambers of horror exist in every
country where there are Moscow-spon-
sored governments. The new methods
being used to wiring confessions from the
political prisoners arrested by the
various local branches of the NKVD ex-
ceed in cruelty those practiced during
the Middle Ages. The stretching of
limbs on wheels, the water treatment, u
and the burning processes are said
to have been humanitarian when COM
pared with the new and highly imagina-
tive tortures devised by the NKVD,
OZNA or whatever other names the
political police of the countries behind
the iron curtain may have
Ordinary murderers and criminals
need not worry. If their crimes trans
cend even the party lines they are
sentenced to quick death, which political
prisoners consider as a blessing.
The state secret police force is not in
terested in the mere elimination of an
important political opponent. He must
talk before he is disposed of. The
majority of the political criminals" are
ideoiogists who are fighting for free
dom. They have taken chances during
the Nal regime of terror and are not
afraid to die. But the old saying that
dead men tell no tales" does not suit
the purpose of the dictators, who have
sprung UP in the areas liberated by the
Red armies. Before their prisoners are
done away with they must make con-
fessions" which give the government
evidence" which it can use to good
advantage.
The new chemical preparation used
extensively by the Germans and the
Russians during the war which is said
to paralyze parts of the brain and cause
the subject to talk at random does not
yield satisfactory results against the
political victims.
During the war the intelligence serv-
ices were interested in having a prisoner
talk when he refused to do SO. Under
the influence of the chemical prepara-
ton he said many things. and the "spe-
cialists" could gather certain data by
checking his incoherent statements with
other intelligence reports and thus OBJ
tain confirmation about the disposition
Of troops or important strategic plans.
This method, however, Is not good
enough for the political objectives of
the NKVD, which require that the VIC
tim be coerced to speak in public and
make statements and confessions II, on
Evening star., 1946-06-03
Cathedral Festival

The second annual Spring Fes-
tival at Washington Cathedral
proved again the essential integra-
tion of religion. education and char
ity with every phase of modern life
Visitors to Mount Saint Alban last
week found there an inclusive dem
onstration of the fact that every
such great enterprise. wherever it
may develop. is related to the arts,
the sciences, the businesses of
humanity at large. The construc-
ton and the maintenance of any
church OF cathedral status draw
upon the resources and skills of the
whole universal community. OBJ
viouSly the power with which the
work appeals to the workers comes
from the past. The ultimate OBJ
jective of the task lies in the future.
What most engages the attention
of living generations, naturally, is
that phase of the labor which is
going forward now.
1t was the function of the Fes-
tival to show how the increase of
human control of circumstance
facilitates the progress of the Ca
thedral not merely as a beautiful
building, but most particularly as
creative center of Christian Ameri-
can culture of worldwide impor-
tance. Crowds of pilgrims watched
the actual making of stained glass
windows, the modelling OF statues,
painting, embroidering. engraving,
printing, gardening, while the reg
ular services of the Cathedral con-
tinued day after day. The ministries
of teaching, music, social relief, in
terdenominational and inter-racial
cooperation were exhibited in &C
ton. A long list Of affiliated agen-
cies shared in the program.
Thus the original purpose of the
Cathedral, as it first was visualized
by Henry Yates Satterlee, and
especially as it was expanded by
his second successor, James Ed
ward Freeman, was exemplified
anew. 1t is, indeed, a House of
Prayer for all people that is rising
on Mount Saint Alban. The Epis-
copal Church in the United States
may be its sponsor, the Diocese of
Washington may be centered in its
close, but its purpose and its con-
structive effects are unlimited If
any question about that ever existed
the second Festival has answered it.
Evening star., 1946-06-03
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

The United Committee of South
Slavic Americans has published a PAM
phlet under the above title. summariz-
ing the evidence against Gen. Mihailo-
vich. 1t consists of 1872 pages OF de-
scription Of Chetnik activities and docu-
mentary evidence. Its author is Vase
Trivanovitch.
Meanwhile, the Commission of Inquiry
set up by the Committee for a Fair
Trial for Mihailovich has taken evi-
dence, under oath, from American mill
tary personnel attached as liaisons to
Mihailovich's headquarters or rescued
by him and returned to the Allies. and
has published its findings. The Yugo-
slav Embassy in Washington, represent
ing Mihailovich's accusers, was invited
to send persons to cross-examine tn,
American witnesses. They refused
The evidence presented by the tw,
committees is contradictory at almos
all points But conscientious study O.
both reports does throw light on Yugo-
slavia from the beginning of 1912, until
the end Of the war. 1t is only in the
framework of that general picture thai
the case of Mihailovich can be under
stood.
King Peters government. and the guer-
rilla movement, entered the war against
the Axis through a revolt in March,
1941. Mihailovich became commander
of the guerrilla Chetniks. The Croa-
tian population, disaffected for years
and led by Ante Pavelich, welcomed, in
large part, the establishment of an
independent" pro-Axis state. Resis-
tance depended on the Serbs. King
Peters government, disgusted with
Croatian behavior, developed a strong
Serbian policy.
Until Russia entered the war, the
Chetniks were, therefore. the only re-
sistance forces. Vase Trivanovitch, au-
thor of the case against Mihailovich,
was then. as an officer in the American
Friends of Yugoslavia, an apologist for
King Peter. and in this capacity spon-
sored coast-to-coast broadcast stating
that the Revolt of March q" had
electrified the world" Answering the
Axis propaganda that Chetniks executed
by the Axis were Jews and Commu-
nists," this broadcast said, "Yugoslavia
has some $4,000 Jews, but it has no
Communist party 1t is doubtful whether
there were more than 10000 under
ground Communists. But 10000 Yugo-
slavs have already been executed by the
Axis and Pavelich's Croatian traitors"
quoted this for the view of Mr. Tri-
vanovitch. at the time, concerning the
popularity of Communism in Yugo-
slavia, for he is now the supporter of
the Yugoslav Communist regime. But
he had changed his mind before. He
was at one time an apologist for the
Nazi economic system, and associated
with Prof. Aunagen against the boycott
of Nazi Germany.
Only when Russia was attacked, did
new resistance movement spring up,
Evening star., 1946-06-03
Octuqon House

Fiske Kimball, an architect, who
also is director of the Philadelphia
Museum of Art, has proposed to the
American Institute of Architects
that the building in which it has it's
headquarters be restored and pre-
Ser1ed as a national shrine, similar
to Mount Vernon" OF course, he re-
fers to the already famous Octagon
House on the northeast corner of
New York avenue and Eighteenth
street Northwest. The structure
brims with historical connotations.
It was erected by Colonel John Tay-
1oe, an officer in the Revolutionary
War and, incidentally, one of the
richest men in the world of his day
His income at the time when he was
constructing his residence in the
Federal City was seventy five thou
sand dollars year. Legend sug-
gests that it was the colonel's init
mate friend George Washington who
advised him to make his winter
home in the new Capital rather than
Philadelphia, the old.
Sponsored by such men, the Octa-
gon House was bound to be notable.
Colonel Tayloe employed his wealth
to achieve distinction which should
endure. The first President unfor-
tunately died before the building
was completed, but his SUCCESSORS
Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, John
Quincy Adams and other Chief Ex-
ecutives-were guests within it's
walls. Other celebrated men who
passed through it's portals included
Decatur, Porter, Webster, Clay, CAL
houn, Randolph, Lafayette, Won
Steuben and the British Minister,
Sir Edward Thornton. Whether the
last-named of these worthless was a
relative of the architect who de-
signed the Octagon-Dr. william
Thornton, who likewise was respon-
sible for Tudor Place in Georgetown
and many other beautiful houses
is not indicated. 1t may have been
mere coincidence that they shared
an identical surname.
In any case, nothing purely acci-
dental characterized Colonel Tay-
loe's home as it was put together
for him. The house was monumen-
tally perfected. Red brick and Aqua
Creek sandstone are the principal
materials. The interior is a master
piece Of artistic planning and execu-
ton. Craftsmen of the highest
ability undoubtedly did the work.
Among their achievements were two
secret doors, so skillfully made as to
defy detection. The Octagon has
worn well. Both its millionaire own
er and his architect died in 1928,
Evening star., 1946-06-03

Thoreau thought that Maine and
Texas had nothing important to
communicate. But what, when you
come to think of it, is more important
than the unimportant things that
people do communicate: Little things
like the condition of the weather,
the progress of the crops, the ups
and-downs of business, neighborhood
news and the endless cycle of babies
being born and boys and girls falling
in love and old men and women
writing to each other about their
grandchildren?
Evening star., 1946-06-03

after which time it might have van
ished as scores of other fine houses
did. Mr.. Fiske's proposal for its
restoration and preservation ought
to be supported not only by archi-
tects as class but by the public as
a whole. Buildings so rare are
everybodys proper concern, if only
because they belong to the unfin-
ished past in which even the latest
generations are living.
Evening star., 1946-06-03
Mr.. Lewis and the Economy
From the Cleveland Plain Dealer

From the Cleveland Plain Dealer.
Mr. Lewis statement that he is con-
cerned about the Nations economy is
sheer impudence In the light of what he
has done to ruin the Nations economy
already. If he had had any real concern
for the welfare of the Nation he would
have oderred his miners to stay on the
job when their contract expired March
80. under stipulation that pay increases
later agreed upon would be retroactive.
Evening star., 1946-06-03

Stettinius withdrawal would mean
the loss of a personality whose expe-
rience and counsel are needed by
the organization at this stage. In
the circumstances it may be hoped
that he will see his way clear to
comply with the Presidents request
to continue as American representa-
tive at least until the formative
period is at an end.
Evening star., 1946-06-03

A court order has been sought in
Baltimore to force the retirement Of
its fire chief by reason of old age.
1T is not so easy to get fireman
out as a fire.
Evening star., 1946-06-03

When one Senator refers to an
other as skunk, ought not the
Society for the Prevention of Cruelty
to Animals be notified?