Evening star., 1946-08-03
Defense Pact to Aid
Hemisphere Unity

| ~SsSb'SN WI ~ Nl0
Hemisphere Unity
Ambassador Pawley Sees Three
Benefits From Military Mission
/ THE ,oriter, an ace fighter pilot
I nth the Nary during the Dar, re-
/ Gently returned from a tour OF the
east coast OF South America on tbs
| inaugural Pan American Airtcays' 3s-
! hour serpice betteeen NetD York and
| Buenos AiresJ
| By John ScheH
NEW YORK, August 2. - Friendly
/ unity of all American nations will be
| the main result if the American
military cooperation bill approved by
the House Foreign Affairs Committee
last month is finally enacted, In the
opinion of William D. Pawley, United
States Ambassador to Brazil expressed
in recent interview in Rio de Janeiro.
The inter-American military Coop
Grafton bill proposes for all countries
in the Western Hemisphere the stand
arosation of military equipment, Unit
ed States military instruction and train
ing for the other American states to take
place in territory under United States
Jurisdiction, maintaining and transfer
ring equipment and munitions for West
ern Hemisphere defense requirements;
compensation to the United States in
money or property of not less than the
cost value of new equipment or fair
value" for used weapons The benefi-
ciary countries will not be allowed to
transfer equipment without approval
of the President of the United States
Mr.. Pawley felt the bill had three
beneficial and far-reaching advantages
on wide level:
l. Standard military equipment on
the spot in all countries of the West
ern Hemisphere
q Under the plan of regulated arma-
ment, there would be no armaments
race among South and Central Ameri-
can countries, thereby cutting their
military budgets appreciably with money
thus saved used for sanitation educa-
ton, etc.
g. United States military missions
would be the strongest In all Latin
American countries.
Military Domination.
The third point Is believed to be the
most significant. In South American
countries the governments are more or
less dominated by the army. The
strongest foreign military missions In
these countries have been the most sue
cessful in developing their interests and
influence
In Brazil, where We had a strong
military mission for years. the govern
ment and people are strongly pro- United
States and look to the United States
for leadership. At the military airport
OF Galeao near Rio de Janeiro, this
correspondent saw many Brazilian pilots
wearing, along with their Brazilian
wings, United States Navy gold or Army
silver wings which they had won at
military flight schools in the United
States
Brazilian pilots were flying Catalina
flying boats, B-25s, PATS and P-40s
which were purchased from u.s. Ensign
Egberto Gulmaraes told me that his
training at Corpus Christi, Tex, had
been the most wonderful thing that
! had ever happened to him and that he
was extremely proud that he had passed
I the same course as United States Navy
pilots.
1t Is reported that a prominent Pc
luvian general who had been anti
United States for many years and talked
against the ''imperiahstic United States"
at every opportunity, was invited to
come to the United States with his
family on military visit There was a
strong French military mission in Peru
at the time and even though he was
anti-United States and pro- European,
the general accepted. In Washington
he was invited to stay and attend
military college While he and his
family were in the States they came
to know and to like our people.
His son, whom he had educated to
hate the United States, came to him
one day and said that he was con-
fused. American boys had invited him
to play with them in their houses; they
were kind and generous, therefore he
1ound 1t dlmcult to hate them.
Animosity Regretted.
I The general told his son that It had
! been great mistake to hate the North
/ Americans. He said that every night
he would pray that he might live long
| enough to undo the wrongs he had
| done the United States with his words
The case in Argentina, where there
| had been strong German military mis-
sion before and during the war is diff
| ferent. The German trained Argentine
Army is educated in the goose step, and
it Is contended that many of the army
| strong men behind the Peron govern
ment are Fascists.
! Secretary of State James F. Byrnes
| Issued statement in April of this wear
| saying that Argentina would not be
included IN the inter-American defense
program until she has expelled all the
Nazi Germans. Meanwhile, Argentina
and Russia have re-esta blished diplo-
mauc relations. 1t is expected that
Russia will have a large embassy stair
to develop her interests and influence
On the other side of the ledger, a
we'll informed North American In
Buenos Aires told me last week that
when member of the Russian trade
mission asked President Peron what
his country's position would be if the
United States and Russia were to 90 tn