davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-06-26

an intense propaganda to convince the
Army rank and file that the officers
were plutocrats who enjoyed special
benefits at their expense. In some cases.
of course, there had been abuses on the
part of the commissioned men; but on
the whole the officers corps and par
ticularly the professionals did not shirk
their duty and neither were they in
considerate toward those under their
command.
Soon after the spectacular demon
strations of discomfort which, strangely
enough, were not spontaneous but ap-
peared to be scheduled to occur within
48 hours in all theaters from Europe
to the Far East, an intense campaign
to Vilify the officers corps was started
throughout the country.
Students of military history ascribe
Frances defeat in 1910 in part to the
low morale of the officers corps, which
had been demoralized by manufactured
public resentment and by the fact that
high ranks could be obtained only
through political pull.
At time when the greatest military
power in the world, the Russian Army,
has introduced the most stringent
discipline in its ranks, public sentiment
IN this country seems to favor a situa-
tlon similar to that which had existed
in the Red Army in the years following
the Bolshevik revolution. In the name
OF equality among men, the ranks in
the Red Army were abolished; SO was
the salute, except in barracks; the Off
GERS and the draftees addressed each
other as 'tovarish" and they all ate at
the same mess and slept in the same
dormitories.
After the shock of the German attack
In 1941 the u. S. S. r. revamped its
system thoroughly. Officers ranks were
re-established and discipline remi-
niscent of that of the Czarist Army was
enforced. Last week Prime Minister
Stain further strengthened the disci-
pllne in the Red Army. He increased
the privileges of the officers caste, Or
dered an iron-clad obedience to supe-
riors, and provided the hardest pun
lshment for the slightest infraction of
rules.
Our Army is democratic and no one
should wish to see the methods employed
in the European armed forces intro
duced into it. But at the same time,
neither Is the other extreme-that is,
the propaganda to hold the brass in
contempt-lkely to help our national
defense.
Evening star., 1946-06-26
Blames Rent Control Office

DldLiSS sl\CHl NOIlIOl oulCc
To the Editor Of The Star.
The District Rent Control Office con-
fesses that It has not sent out the bulk
Of the schedules of room rents to be
posted in the halls of rooming houses.
A few were posted two years ago but
practically none since then. This is no
better than 'connivance with room rent
prof1teers. If there had been a room
rent schedule on my landlady's wall,
she would not have had the opportunity
to charge me $42 month for the past
six months for room whose ceiling
rent on file in the Rent Control Office
is $32 a month.
The office told me that I am entitled
to double return. In the meantime,
another woman in the same block keeps
her early rent schedule posted and her
prices are decent. Not one in 20 ROOM
ing houses has received it's schedule of
rents for posting hence the SIS week
profteers prosper with wink of the
eye from the Rent Control Office.
G. L. R.
Evening star., 1946-06-26

and Navy heads always to take advan-
tage of possible threats of war to ask
for all that the traffic will bear.
2. Interest payments. The Treasury
now pays something like S8OO,0OO,OOO on
bonds held by Federal agencies. When
ever the suggestion is made that this
payment from one of Uncle Sans pock-
cts to the other be stopped, it is an
swered that if Federal agencies are
denied this interest payment, they will
have to get an equivalent amount from
the regular budget. However, if such
interest payments were stopped, Con-
gress would be likely to scrutinize the
budgets of the agencies concerned with
more care, and important savings might
follow.
8. International finance This column
has already pointed out the Importance
of an account for loans, separate from
the normal budget. Foreign loans are
made over a period of years and are,
in many cases, counterbalanced by debt
Acknowledgements which can be prop
erly counted as counterbalancing assets.
4. Subsidies for agriculture are wholly
out of line with current prices, which
are, in the main, well above parity.
Consumer subsidies are being scrapped.
Farm subsidies should be overhauled.
S. It is clear that defective manage
ment of surplus sales is vitality cutting
down what we should get from our huge
supply of surplus war goods. Billions of
dollars are at stake here.
X
This unusual period of lush spending
at inflationary prices is the time to put
our Federal finances in order. If we
cannot lower the debt substantially now,
it may be years before we shall have
another chance. Mr. Smith says, quite
correctly, that the President and the
new budget director cannot do the job
alone. The public must maintain pres
sures in opposition to the eternally
vigilant advocates Of spending.
OReleased By Associated Newspapers)
Evening star., 1946-06-26
On the Record
By Dorothy Thomson

The question of how to bar war in
the Atomic Age is greater than the lay
man thinks, for the possibilities in atom
1c destructive power are much vaster
than was demonstrated at Hiroshima or
Nagasaki. This question was opened
with Mr.. Baruch's report to the u N.
Committee on Atomic Energy. Since
then, the discussions have been typical
OF the initial stages of a new con-
migration. Charges and counter
charges, hope and fear. appeal and re-
DUN, all are creating tug of war in
the minds Of the people, and through
it we are seeing progress in psyche
logical preparation for renewed blood
she'd
This war OF nerves, in response to
profoundly serious matter, is the more
alarming because of the tone and man.
ners of the debate on the Soviet side
during the past week. I do not refer
to Andrei Gromykos statement. nor to
any official views expressed to our press
by Soviet spokesmen here, but to the
Moscow press.
The proposals made by the Baruch
committee demand the most careful,
lucid and objective analysis. But. while
speaking of peace facts based on con-
fidence and trust, in Moscow the press,
with frightening unanimity is indulging
in the widest polemics. The question
is not one for polemics OF any kind. 1t
requires the utmost realism and reason.
But the Moscow press resorts to that
sloganized writing which is curse of
our age. 1t endows words with the
tearsome aspects of primitive taboos,
OF the "evil eye" cast upon the adver-
sary. "Fascism," cries Prof Eugene
Tarle, celebrated Russian historian,
writing in the army newspaper, Red
Star, lis on the march in the United
Statesn' Mr.. Baruch's proposals, with
out any analysis, are conjured up as
Pax Americana resembling Hitlers
Pax Germania." Our labor difficulties
are presented as a fight of reaction
aries, Fascists and imperialists who
have begun to incite another war" and
vehement defiance rejects all further
discussion.
Maj. Gen. Zamyatin writing In
Pravda, makes curious declaration:
Our military forces must carry out new
and important tasks with new
upsurge of spirit and the greatest
enthusiasm"
What tasks? And where?
Now all this is called forth by the
proposal of the United States to create
an international monopoly of atomic
energy. based upon the existing and
unique American power in this field, in
the hands of an international commits
sion, with access to and control over the
worlds materials and plants; the use
Evening star., 1946-06-26
Agreeing to DISAGREE

To repeat a theme which has
received other comment in these
columns, the agreement of the House
and Senate confereeS on the District
appropriation bill and the single
point of disagreement which still
divides them represent a most un-
usual situation in Congress.
In one brief session the House and
Senate conferees agreed on certain
reductions in the bill from the total
approved by the Senate. The agree
ment was reached quickly because
each side understood the measure
and its provisions. Figures merely
represent shades of opinion and it
was not difficult to reconcile them.
The single point remaining in
disagreement is the size of the
Federal lump sum. Here, curiously
enough, the House conferees al
though in technical disagreement,
agreed with the Senate. The House
conferees who were members of the
Appropriations Subcommittee which
studied the bill had voted unani-
mously to recommend an increase
IN the Federal lump sum. They
were not successful in getting their
recommendation into a form that
would permit vote to be taken in
the House. But the Senate COM
mittee was able to do what the
House subcommittee wanted to do.
One may almost hear the House
conferees explaining the matter to
the Senator's I'VE are absolutely
in favor of what you have done,
but we have to take this business
back to the House for a vote. We
realize the necessity and the justice
of increasing lump sum that is
wholly inadequate from every point
of view. We have looked into the
matter of local taxes and we know
that the people here-at least those
among them who pay any local taxes,
for we have exempted tens of thou
sands of them from all local tax
responsibility-are paying more on
per capita basis than in the major
ity of cities. We know they are
meeting not only local costs, but the
costs of undertakings which are in
reality the responsibility of the
Nation. We know that if we keep
on exempting persons and real
estate from local taxes, keep on
hiking salaries without finding the
money to pay them, keep on adding
to the costs of operating the city
and keep on failing to meet a fair
share of these costs with Federal
funds, the city is going broke. But
we can't commit the House to this
increase in the lump sum. The
agreement must be voted by the
House. We are going to do our best
to get that agreement"
The House probably will vote on
the matter tomorrow. 1t should
follow the recommendations of its
subcommittee which studied the bill.
If it votes down those recommended
tions, such votes will be a serious
reflection on the intelligence and
fairness of those who cast them.
Evening star., 1946-06-26
Confused REASONING

An excellent example of the con-
fused reasoning which seemed to
actuate some opponents of the draft
extension bill just passed is to be had
in the startling but wholly unsup-
ported charges by Representative
Dewey Short, Republican, of Mis-
souri, that the Army today is made
up in part of ''rascals and riffraff
who have reenlisted to rape, plunder
and loot" Mr.. Short had been lead
ing the fight in the House against
the drafting of teen-age soldiers. In
fact, he was opposed to any extension
of the draft law, contending that
voluntary enlistments would provide
the Army with more than enough
men to carry out its postwar re-
sponsibilities.
Yet, according to Mr.. Short, the
voluntary enlistment system which
he SO Fundamentally Endorsed in
earlier arguments against draft ex-
tension has produced "rascals and
riffraff" who are hindering the Army
in it's occupational assignments. If
this were the fact-and he offered
no proof of the extraordinary alle-
gations-it would be a persuasive
argument in itself for extension of
the draft in the strongest and most
effective form, lest the Army of Oc-
cupation suffer for lack of quality
a. well as quantity of men.
AS matter of fact, however,
Secretary of War Patterson and
Chief of Staff Eisenhower repeatedly
have stressed the desirability of an
all-volunteer Army, if it were OBJ
tainable and neither of them
wants an Army of hoodlums. Sec
retary Patterson notified the House
just before passage of the confer
ence compromise bill that he and
General Eisenhower do not de-
sire to "have single man drafted"
if it can be avoided. In line with
this attitude, the Army plans to is
sue no draft calls during July and
August. Every effort will be made
to encourage voluntary enlistments,
with the pay raise provided under
the new law as a special induce
ment. Nevertheless it is essential
to the Nations security and prestige
Evening star., 1946-06-26
For Holland
From the Boston Traveller

from tne boSton 1IaVeler.
OF all the countries of the world,
none is more respected by Americans
than little Holland. The sturdy quail
ties OF the people have always appealed
to us. Their thrift, their love of peace,
their tranquil philosophy, their kind
ness and virtues common in Holland
and all too rare in many other places.
Moreover, the brave. struggle of these
Lowlanders against oppression makes
the civilized world owe constant debt
to them. Y
Thus, when Holland is in trouble,
people everywhere should be eager to
aid. Today, the food shortage, due to
the war. has been somewhat relieved.
But there is dire need of clothing.
American Relief for Holland has issued
an appeal for new castoff apparel. This
appeal cannot go unheeded.
Evening star., 1946-06-26

by any sentiment for beaten Ger
many or Italy, as such. Their basic
sentiment is fervent nationalism,
to advance which they entertain
policy of hard-boiled realism, with
few theological scruples. Such a
policy is possible because of the ex-
ceptionally favorable position in
which Argentina today finds itself
in a world of scarcity. through its
Superabundance of exportable food
and other raw materials. If we
realize this and act accordingly, we
will be much more successful in our
dealings with Peron.
Evening star., 1946-06-26
Alarm to Chicken Raisers

Alarm to Chicken Raisers
To the Editor of The Star:
A small article appeared in The Star
June %, stating that hearing was to
be held at the District Building on June
27, 10 am, on the advisability of pro-
viding stringent police. regulations gov
erning the keeping of chickens in the
District of Columbia.
wonder If the misguided citizen who
thought of this remarkable idea, is
aware of the fact that the United States
is trying to feed the world, with the re-
suit that the American people are do
ing without many food products.
AS we all know, it has been almost
impossible to obtain meat for the past
several months. Many people have
been living on chicken. At the rate
chickens are being consumed, the day
will come when the only chickens in
existence will be in the ZOOS throughout
the country. The chicken will then be
known as rare bird that was once
used by man for food.
Our Government has asked us to plant
vegetable gardens and to save and pre-
serve foods. Poultry is very impor-
tant protein food, both as fowl and
eggs. 1 feel that the citizen, who Is
ambitious enough to try to help with
the food supply by raising chickens,
should be helped and encouraged by
the Government rather than restricted.
What are the objections to chickens?
Let the Health Department exercise a
strict inspection of chicken yards and
houses. BY the proposed changes in
the law it would be impossible to keep
chickens unless a person had a piece
Of ground at least 500 feet square. This
would mean that the average person
living in the suburbs would not be
allowed to keep chickens. This is not
the time to restrict the raising of
chickens.
Alert chicken raisers of our city,
who are trying to help relieve this grave
food shortage. should be present at this
hearing and oppose any such regu-
lation at this time
c. RAYMOND PRUETT.
Evening star., 1946-06-26
Replies to "Southerner"

Replies to "Southerner"
To the Editor of The Star,
In his letter of June II, "Southerner'
did not subscribe to my philosophy
OF race as indicated in my many COM
munications to The Star. May I
hasten to assure him that no self-re-
specting person wants to enter private
social affairs where he is not wanted?
But in public conveyances, in publicly
licensed theaters and publicly sponsored
gatherings for the public there should
be no discrimination because one is a
Catholic, a33Jew, a Negro.
II U % rJrH,~~-~~,
Evening star., 1946-06-26

that the Army be empowered to turn
to selective service If the hoped-for
recruiting of volunteers fails to pro-
vide the military manpower needed.
Shortsightedness of the Short vari-
ETY. would have left the Army with
out an alternate source of supply
in an emergency.
Evening star., 1946-06-26
Letters to The Star
Uphold Right of Supreme Court
To Invalidate Legislation

&c the Editor of The Star:
1t seems strange that person of
the erudition and experience of Lowell
Mellett again should give currency to
the exploded fallacy that the Supreme
Court of the United States is without
constitutional warrant to declare acts
of Congress unconstitutional
The complete answer is found in the
Constitution itself. Article vi reads:
This Constitution, and the Laws of the
United States which shall be made in
Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties
made, or which shall be made, under
the Authority of the United States,
shall be the supreme Law of the Land"
Not only does this provision of the
Constitution negative any such absurd
claim but logic likewise disposes of such
fallacies.
All power resides in the people The
people adopted the Constitution. In
this document is set forth the will of
the people. This document sets up the
departments of government and fixes
their scope and duties.
1SU law pdsoSCu Ill COIlbl dNcllJlOll vi
its terms can be "the supreme law OF
the land"
The Constitution provides that: mo
Bill of Attainder or ex post facto law
shall be passed" Recently Congress
passed an act which the Supreme Court
held invalid as being within the above
prohibition, just as in the past it has
tested other legislation by the terms
of the supreme law of the land"
The Constitution lodges the judicial
power in the Supreme Court and in
such other courts as may be established
by Congress.
Judicial power is the power to hear
and determine controversies between
citizen and citizen and between citizen
and government arising under laws or
attempts at making law, whether by
act of Congress or by the joint act of
the President and Congress.
All such on occasion may be laid
alongside the Constitution to determine
whether they are in accord with its
terms. Otherwise, there would be
neither restraint nor control on either
the executive or the Congress and our
constitutional system would disappear.
NATHAN BOONE WILLIAMS.
Evening star., 1946-06-26

If the speeding which again is
making suburban roads hazardous is
not corrected shortly it might be
good idea to go back to those
"thank-you-ma'ams" which effec-
lively hampered fast driving in the
horse -and-buggy age.
Browning chief., 1946-07-19

gars, etc. Likewise, Florida leads all
states in the variety of soils, crops,
fishes, trees, flowers, herbs and
birds. And Florida is big in area.
An automobile to reach Key West
from Pensacola, by way of Jackson
vile, must drive 100 miles farther
than Jacksonville is from Washing
ton, D. C.
Florida pineapples are real, too.
And the fields Of cotton, tobacco,
peanuts, hay and other crops are
substantial. Poultry raising is a
large and growing industry. Florida
has nearly million and a half
cattle - both dairy and beef types,
and many more ranges and pas
lures are available. Its ranches are
measured in thousands of acres,
with cowboys riding herd on Brah-
man and other steers! There are 10
million acres of good land as yet
undeveloped in Florida.
Industry in Florida is an actual
ity too. The playground" is being
utilized for workshops and factories,
shipyards and mills. Its paper
mills are producing, and new ones
being built. Florida cement plants
are always busy. Florida factories
make everything from glassware
and cotton goods to furniture and
ships. Approximately 10 per cent of
the fish business of the United States
is centered in the Peninsula State.
The only commercial sponge fish
cry in the United States is in Flor
ida.
Mine and Forest Products.
Nature gave Florida phosphate,
limestone, sand, kaolin, clay and
cement. Its lumber industry is great
and growing greater. The Florida
tidewater red cypress is known as
"the wood eternal" Florida's yell
low pine is produced in volume for a
variety of uses. Turpentine and ros-
in, naval stores," are liquid gold
from Florida pines. Tung orchards
are new and vigorous industry for
the state.
Millions of Americans visited
Florida for the first time during the
wal. AhSy "CIS llle IIl6L anu WOln-
en- of the military and naval forces
who were trained at Florida bases
= Pensacola, Valparaiso, Camp
Blanding, Orlando, Tampa, West
Palm Beach, Miami, Key West
and many others. Now that the
war is over, many of them are re-
turning to Florida where they will
make their homes, enter business,
and help develop industry.
Less than rs years ago Rockledge
was the most southerly settlement
on the east coast. Fort Pierce was
in the heart of the Indian country,
and Indian river was a wild, al
most unknown area, the haunt of
wild fowl and flamingoes. St.
Petersburg was non-existent. Okee-
chobee, the largest body of fresh
water in all the southeast, was
scarcely more than a semi-lengend-
Browning chief., 1946-07-19

substantial homes. Railroads, har-
bors, waterways, airports and
broad highways bring both Flori-
das - the playground and the home
ground - within 48 hours of any
part of the United States.
Americas re-discovered land of.
fers its magnificent mansions, Span.
ish architecture, rich historic lore,
scores of delightful towns, miles OF
farms and ranches, dozens of fac
tories and mills, airports and
smooth highways, to everyone. See
Florida's east coast; visit its west
coast. And in between the coasts,
see the Everglades - the strangest,
most unique, most mysterious, OF
natural land formations on the con-
tinent.
Discover Florida for yourself. Mil
lions of others have!
Browning chief., 1946-07-19
Was 1!X:1Sslsyf D lI{:2{5yS
Know Your Congressman
To Make Democracy Work
BY BAUKHAGE
Ne,ps analyst and Commentator.

report the inside facts. This is not
difficult for the reporters, since
committee members whose efforts
were defeated are usually willing
to divulge the Vaccinations of the
majority - if there were any ma
chinations.
Admittedly getting all this infor-
nation takes time and trouble on
your part. But that is the price you
have to pay for the kind of govern
ment you want. The government
makes you take time to figure out
your income tax and to do lot of
other little chores, but it doesn't
force you to inform yourself on how
your government is being run. How
ever, the information is all there,
if you care to take the trouble to get
it. Reports of public hearings, as
well as the record of what happens
on house and senate floors, are avail
able for the asking. That is a part
of your congressman job - report
ing to you.
AS Lowell Mellett says in his
Handbook of Politics.:
"The true test of a member of
congress is not the good bills for
! which he voted, but the good bills
he voted against - plus the num-
ber of bad bills he voted for"
Nobody can ever take democracy
away from you - you have to give
it away, by default. And such de
faulting" is no rare occurrence. With
in the last few months, I know of
four organizations which discovered
there was a Communist in their
midst. Furthermore, that Com
munist, using his own energy, and
taking advantage of the Indifference
of the other members, had gained
key position in the group. AS soon
as the rest woke up and realized
the real purpose of measures taken
under what amounted to this mans
minority rule they threw him out.
You know, eternal vigilance. :"
knowledge is power. Know your
congressman, don't knock him.
Browning chief., 1946-07-19

IT'S EASY to do cable stitch.
Why not make this rug-so lux
urious yet inexpensive. Use it
either in the bedroom or the bath
room.
Use rug cotton or old stockings for this
durable knitted rug. Pattern 1874 has
directions for it and for matching seat
cover.
Due to an unusually large demand and
current conditions. slightly more time Is
required in filling orders for few of the
most popular pattern numbers.
Send your order to:
Browning chief., 1946-07-19
Longfellow's Works

The works of Longfellow have
been used as the basis of about
225 musical compositions, record
unapproached by any other Amer
lean author, says Golfers.
For example, his "Stars of the
Summer Night" forms the lyrics
of IA songs; and 1.-THE Song of
Hiawatha" has been the subject Of
three operas, three cantatas, two
overtures, four tone poems, eleven
songs and two symphonic suites.