davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-03-02
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

banning CONSUMPTION and limiting
ornaments.
Russia, however, and the other pow
ers, seeing that this country is deter
mined to avoid military training and
national preparedness, will be inclined
to try having their cake and eating it,
too. They will continue their arma-
ments and training and let us stew in
the juice of unpreparedness.
Senator Vandenberg made a really
great speech to his colleagues and to
the whole country and the world. He
said many things that needed saying;
among them. that the United States
should frankly and openly say to Rus
STA and other nations just what it in
tends in foreign policy, and should draw
line beyond which it does not intend
to go.
He made 1t clear that this country,
as the representative of democracy, and
the Soviet Union, as the representative
OF communism, must find some way to
reach mutual understanding without
which there can be no stable and last
ing peace.
Rarely, IF ever. has any Senator held
so closely the attention of the Senate
as did Senator Vandenberg, and when
he concluded, the Senate as a man rose
and applauded the Michigander. 1t was
a great tribute.
If under the present setup in the
State Department it appears impossible
for this country to make itself under
stood by Soviet Russia and Britain
and the other nations, President Tru-
man could very well say to Russia:
I'VE have Marshall of our own-Gen.
George c. Marshall In the future,
Gen. Marshall, who is a statesman as
well as soldier and knows intimately
the situation throughout the world to-
day, will talk to your Marshal Stain,
and perhaps together they can make
some sense out of the situation which
has resolved itself into a question
enunciated by Senator Vandenberg-
What Is Russia up to now?"
This would require the substitution
of Gen. Marshall for Secretary Byrnes
as head of the State Department. Gen
Marshall at present is engaged in the
diplomatic service of the United States
as Ambassador to CHINA post by the
way in which he has had ample oppor-
tunity to observe just what Russia is
up to now" His appointment as Secre-
tary of State would certainly give that
nation something to consider.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-03-02
Questions Generals PROPOSAL

Questions Generals Proposal
To the Editor of rhe Star:
1 notice in the columns of the daily
newspapers the proposed plan for
democratizing the Army of the United
States. also notice that it is advocated
by Brig. Gen. Holdridge, a graduate of
West Point and the father of son who
graduated at West Point
AS a civilian in uniform, who tenn
porarily is an officer of the United
States Army and who soon hopes to
return to his civilian status, I am
taking exception to the generals plan
as whole but more specifically to the
general himself. The general, in my
opinion, would seem to come within
that category of idealist who would
willingly give you one of his farms if
he had two; would willingly give you
one Of his homes if he had two; would
willingly give you one of his cars if he
had two, but who would not give you
one of his shirts because he has two.
1t seems strange, doesn't it, that after
having lived life of a West Point
graduate in the United States Army and
having risen to the rank of brigadier
general, having sent his son through
West Point, and in all probability, re-
ceiving today the retirement pay of a
brigadier general, he should suddenly
take upon himself the mantle of new
Daniel come to judgment and decide to
democratize the Army.
If the general were sincere, why, after
the last war; didn't he resign his COM
mission and rejoin the Regular Army as
private? Why didn't he let his son go
through the ranks and earn his COM
mission as many of us have to do? Did
the general, wonder, refuse two thirds
OF his pay as general and accept from
the Government the retirement pay
given to an enlisted man whose cause
he SO ardently espouses today?
I have in mind a different kind of
soldier; the son of my own Congressman,
Michael J. Kirwan of Ohio. He, too,
took his basic training at Fort Belvoir,
mission on numerous occasions in spite
of his brilliance because his father was
a Congressman. He refused to allow
his father to address him on congress
sional stationery because he didn't want
his buddies to know his father was
Congressman. He served overseas and
refused ratings even as an enlisted man
because his father was Congressman;
that same boy came back broken down
in health. Had he made the request to
democratize the Army, he would have a
perfect right to do SO; he had earned
the right, but when a person like the
general makes it, who has taken all the
good things from the Army and gotten
the benefit from them, then to the
writer, at least, his remarks SAVIOR of
hypocrisy.
JACK RAPAPORT Major, A. US.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-03-02
House for the Heart

Staunch faith is oaken ratters to the
Heart,
Clean shining windoaDs and sturdy
door.
Its stone foundation never shifts apart;
1t kno,Ds not lCeakened sill or sagging
floor.
Secure it is from beating rain and ,Dind:
Its warmth in pinter is unmatched
by cold.
Storms come, but lDhen the blackened
clouds haze thinned,
Its strength and tortitude stiH firmly
hold.
And through the shining pdnes the
heart can see
Springs dafodils before one dares
appear,
Filings the door Uide and harkens rap
turously
To tar-of robins, hears their chirp-
ing clear.
ROSE MYRA PHILLIPS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-03-02
Prefers Franco to Stain

Prefers Franco to Stain
To the Editor of The Star:
AS war veteran, fail to compre-
bend your attitude toward Spain and
Franco.
You hold it against Franco that he
is accused, possibly falsely, of having
been friend of Hitler. Yet you readily
forgive the 1939-1941 alliance between
Stain and Hitler when the two of them
were looting Poland and are strangely
silent while Stain continues to do so.
You also conveniently overlook the
fact that Spain turned against Japan
before Stain did
Stains hand instigated the bloody
revolution when the Communists re-
moved all the gold in SPANS treasury,
murdered thousands of priests and at
tackled hundreds of nuns.
Has Franco annexed helpless border
countries like Stain has?
American newspapermen may come
and go freely in Spain, but not so In
Russia. Yet you term Franco the die
tator.
Stain, not Franco, sends spies to this
country to steal atomic bomb secrets.
JOHN H. FITZPATRICK.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-03-02

wants large slices of Turkish territory
IN Anatolia and Europe.
The Ankara government has in
formed all the interested governments
including the United States-that
she will not yield an inch of her ma
tional territory without armed resist
ance.
But Mr.. Byrnes' plain talk, which in
dicates clearly that the policy of ap-
peasement has come to an end, will
have salutary effect on Moscow only if
deeds follow Mr.. Byrnes' words.
Those who have had long experience
with the Russians know that there is
no need to adopt an unfriendly or hos
tile attitude toward that vast country.
All that is needed to keep the dynamic
Soviet leaders on the straight path to
peace Is to stick to the principles we
have announced and refuse to become
party to any of the power politics"
which the U. S. S. r. has played the last
two years.
Some definite agreements were reached
at Yalta and Potsdam and have been
given wide publicity. The American
Government allowed the Russians to
interpret them in their own way as in
the case of the governments established
in Eastern Europe and the Balkans. The
United Nations Security Council has
permitted Russia to deal with Iran &C
cording to her own ideas of what the
sovereignty" of that country means.
Finally in Manchuria the Russians have
carted away, presumably without the
approval of the United States, all the
industry the Japanese had established
there. The Soviet government was able
to act without check because it was
convinced that America would continue
indefinitely a policy of appeasement
The Russians are used to hearing the
Western democracies use impressive
words and proclaim lofty ideals for
which they are unwilling to fight.
But if the actions of the State Depart
ment prove to them that Mr.. Byrnes
meant what he said and said what he
meant, it is likely that we shall witness
a gradual slowing down of Russias ag-
gressiveness in the areas which for some
months have been under fire in her war
of nerves.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-03-02
Dim View of Franco
By George Fielding Eliot

twenty-four hours will try to tell you.
II We are to throw Franco out, we may
have to use force. What kind of force?
Oh, say some, economic sanctions
close the frontiers-blockade the ports.
Thatll bring Franco to time Maybe.
But who will pay in hunger and misery
and perhaps bloodshed? The Spanish
people. Franco. if forced out by such
means, would simply walk across the
Portuguese frontier when he had had
enough-still as fat and comfortable as
he is now. Well, then: Military force?
But the Spaniard is proud man. The
one way to make sure that the Spanish
people would rally to Franco would be
to march into the country with French
or British or American troops to try
to GUST the caudillo from Madrid.
Then how about giving arms and
aid to the revolutionary parties in
Spain, and letting them get rid OF
Franco? All right But which of the
opposition parties are we to arm? The
Royalists, the Partisans of little Don
Juan? Somehow I gag over that one
1t seems almost as far out of line with
the trend of the times as Franco him.
self. The Communists? I'm afraid
neither the American people nor the
British would go along with that idea
The Democrats Socialists and the other
parties of the center? But has there
been any real demonstration that there
exists-in Spain itself and not in exile
a well-organized revolutionary move
ment of moderate tendencies which
can take over the government if it is
helped from outside?
I repeat that our concern should pri-
marily be for the Spanish people. Their
welfare Is far more important than
getting all excited about Franco, far
more important than the clamorings
of parties or of individuals, infinitely
more important than the tinsel claims
Of an outworn royal dynasty which has
not produced decent sovereign for
something like four centuries of reac-
ton and misrule. The only hope for
peace in this world is in a peoples
peace. The policy of the United States
must be directed toward peoples and
not toward individuals. In considering
what we are to- do in Spain, or about
Spain, our first concern must be to
discover the real needs and wishes of
the Spanish people, and act in ac-
cordance with their true and long
term interests.
(Herald Tribune syndicsts.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-03-02
Not Only Germans on Trial
ON the Ottawa Journal.

From the Ottawa journal.
Too many of us think that so long
as We continue to occupy Germany
and try German war criminals and
continue to speak the phrases that were
the wars current coin, our world must
be safe. The greater truth is that 1t
Is not what we do today or tomorrow
in Germany or about Germany that
will save our world, but what we do at
home, in our own communities. We
must not delude ourselves with the
SNUG, complacent thought that we are
free of evil that we do not need to
fight evil, that something inherent In
our particular natures can save us
from the consequences or the corroding
effects of strife and hates and sus-
picions among ourselves. The stark fact
Is that the free nations today are on
trial, are challenged to show their ca
paclty to unite for good as they are
able to unite for survival. That trial
is not being held in the councils of
security organizations or in the worlds
chancelleries: 1t is being held among
the peoples themselves-is seen in the
thing which threatens the United
States and threatens us here in Canada
at this very time.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-03-02

Times, probably 70 out of every 100
Spaniards are of this mind. The
man and his dictatorship are not
loved. Far from giving the country
new deal or making any progress
in ending the bitterness left over
from the civil war, he has set up a
tyranny which has satisfied only a
minority and made the majority
including both rightist and leftist
elements - increasingly hostile and
restless.
The reasons for this are not hard
to find. Thus, Mr.. Sulzberger, after
making a careful, -the-spot survey
of the situation, found such condi-
tions as these in Spain: Cd Not one
of the four freedoms exists there;
ca Falangist thugs strut through
the streets bullying any one who
fails to give the Fascist salute; 90
everybody opposing the regime is
called a Red" including the most
reactionary monarchist; ca the
country is living under an appall-
ingly archaic and oppressive eco
nomic and political system, with
hunger widespread; 50 the secret
police is so active that perhaps only
Franco himself is not afraid, and
60 thousands of the regimes OPP
ponents are wasting away in fetid
jails and forced labor camps, and
horrible Gestapo techniques are used
to wiring confessions" from them
Yet, despite all this, the sorely tried
Spanish people-the majority-are
hesitant about taking matters in
their own hands. They want no
more bloodletting if it can be
avoided. Moreover, apart from the
fact that they are not equipped to
rebel successfully against the we'll
armed Franco dictatorship, they are
divided among themselves into two
broad groups-the Monarchists and
the Republicans-which in turn are
split into different factions.
In the circumstances, Franco has
certain advantages, but perhaps the
projected Anglo French American
declaration will suggest an effective
way for Spaniards to force his re-
tirement and set up a stopgap re-
gime capable of preserving law and
order while they choose new gov
eminent in a free national election.
This must be hoped for in any case,
for once it is achieved Spain, with
or without monarchy, will be fully
qualified for membership in the
United Nations and from then on
the slow-healing wounds of it's civil
war may heal more quickly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-03-02

A lot of people in this country and in
certain other countries take a very dim
view of Gen. Francisco Franco, present.
ly the head of the Spanish government.
They have good and sufficient rea-
son to do so. He is an old pal of Hitler
and Mussolini. He was put into power
by the armed strength of Nazi Ger
many and Fascist Italy. He has ruled
by methods identical with those adopt
ed by the late enemy regimes. He
stuck with his pals as long as he
thought they were winning, and de-
serves very little credit for cautiously
edging away from them when it be-
came obvious that they were losing.
That Franco and his Falange should
survive the World War, which he helped
bring about and should continue to rule
a great country in the postwar era is,
in very real sense, an insult to the
conscience of civilized mankind.
/
There are now definite indications
that at least three of the major pow
ers-the United States, France and Brit
ain-have made up their minds to do
something more definite about Franco
than merely ITO express official disap-
proval of him. It Is revealed that notes
are being exchanged which may lead
to the severance of diplomatic rela-
tons with Franco, and suggest the
formation of "caretaker" government
to run Spain until there has been
chance for the Spanish people to ex-
press their will as to their future form
of rule.
The $64 question is quite obvious:
What happens if Franco sits tight and
refuses to get out? He has the support
of the army, at least of the troops actu-
ally under arms, and he has brought
from Spanish Morocco elements of the
Spanish Foreign Legion and of Moor
ish troops to bolster his strength. He
has the support of the civil guard And
he has the support of the Falange party,
which, while it is not supposed any
longer to be an armed body, is still &C
tive and probably has weapons. The
political opposition to Franco Is divided
and subdivided into a large number of
groups as far apart in their political
thinking as Royalists of two or three
different dynastic compilations on the
extreme right and Communists of at
least two varieties on the extreme left
What the mass Of the Spanish people
want nobody knows, though every one
who has been in Spain for more than
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-03-02
Historical Report

In conceding that it's findings are
largely historical" the fact-finding
board which the President had
appointed to investigate the steel
strike reveals degree of good grace
and possibly sense of humor which
are in welcome contrast to the bit
terness and the narrowness appar-
ent in most of the current industrial
disputes.
1t would have been difficult to
criticize the members of this board
Chairman Feinsinger of the Univer-
sity of Wisconsin and Judges James
M. Douglas and Roger I. McDonough
if they had put on their hats and
gone home without returning any
report. They came here at the Pres
ident's request, and presumably at
some sacrifice of their own interests,
to investigate the steel dispute and
submit recommendations. Before
they could do more than get started
on their task. however, Mr.. Truman,
feeling that it was imperative in the
national interest to get the steel
mills going, stepped into the picture
with his own proposal for a settle
ment of the wage dispute. When
this was accepted by the United
States Steel Corporation - after
some hard bargaining over the
amount of price relief the corpora
ton was to get-there was nothing
left for the fact-flnding board to do
except to file what it appropriately
describes as its historical" report.
There were two main findings.
First, that the 1Sk-cent wage in
crease, which Mr.. Truman proposed
and which the corporation accepted,
is we'll within the limits of the Gov
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-03-02
This Changing World
By Constantine Brou.n

Secretary of State Byrnes spoke
Thursday night with more bluntness
than at any time since he took office.
Coming on the heels of Senator VAN
denberg's warning that in speaking to
Russia We must use the same strong
language she uses toward us, and Sena-
tor Vandenberg's statement that the
world anxiously asks the question,
What is Russia up to now?" Mr..
Byrnes' speech is expected to have
strong repercussions throughout the
world.
Whether his words will be taken
literally by the Kremlin depends en-
tirely on whether future diplomatic &C
lions of the State Department scrupu-
lousy follow the line set forth by the
Secretary of State.
His speech was particularly impress
sive to nations such as Turkey which
have been chief sufferers in the war
of nerves waged by the USSR propa-
ganda machine and by the spokesman
of the Soviet Armenian and Caucasian
republics.
The statement that we must not
stumble and stagger into a situation
where no country intends war, but no
power will be able to avert war" is con-
sidered in diplomatic circles as prob
ably the most significant part of his
speech.
1t is connected with the basic idea
which ran throughout his address that
we must fight, if necessary, to prevent
war and remain militarily strong to
insure our own security"
The State Department, like other
chancellories, has been keenly aware
in recent months of the explosive dan
ger of a Russian action against Turkey.
Russias wartime associates, together
with Turkey, have recognized Russia's
justified claims that she must no longer
be landlocked, and must have a free
and unimpeded access to the Mediter-
ranean through the Dardanelles.
l.
But 1t is obvious from government
inspired newspaper articles and radio
broadcasts in Moscow and statements
from citizens of the Armenian and
Georgian republics, which were in
dorsed by the Kremlin a few hours
after they were made, that Russia
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-03-02

Here we go again on the Republican
merry go-round. Senator Vandenberg
of Michigan, outstanding party leader on
foreign affairs, in speech to the Senate
advocated strong policy toward Soviet
Russia-with the United States ready
to tell Messrs. Stain, Molotov and vi
shinsky just where to get off, at any
time
On the same day and almost at the
same hour, Republican House Leader
Martin urged the House Military Affairs
Committee to sidetrack universal mill
tary training so that the United States
may launch a proposal for an inter-
national ban on universal military train
ing and CONSUMPTION.
Obviously, the effect of the Martin
proposal would be to delay the United
States in the matter of national pre-
paredness The delay would come at
time when the land sea and air forces
OF this Country are being rapidly de-
mobilized-while Russia for example, is
expanding its military preparedness.
Mr. Martin. knowing the attitude and
plans of Soviet Russia regarding mill
tary and naval strength, nevertheless
insists that you will never know how
PAoSeASoA NtAiiES P4OPScoiP Id dlltl yOu
try it." He continued that this country
should keep a strong Army, strong
Navy and Air Force in being and fully
armed and equipped while negotiations
to end military training and conscrip-
ton are going forward.
Just as obviously. this country Is not
going to keep strong Army and Navy
and Air Force. All three are contract
ing rapidly The proponents of the
Martin plan are strongly urging, and
have been for months, quicker de-
mobilization of the men in the armed
forces. They insist that their places can
be filled by voluntary enlistments and
some are willing to repeal the existing
draft legislation. Voluntary enlistments
are not filling the ranks of the armed
forces and won't.
If, instead of opposing military train
ing, Mr.. Martin and the Republicans
who support him would get back of the
needed legislation for training and give
notice to Soviet Russia and the rest of
the world that this country intends to
be always prepared, he and his Repub-
lican followers would have a much bet
ter chance of getting some agreement
from Russia and the other big powers
on the matter of military training,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-03-02
Letters to The Star
Tells Why Foremen Object to
Forced Union Membership

To the Editor Of The Star:
In the Case bill, which recently was
passed by an overwhelming majority
in the House of Representatives, sec
ton IL defines the term Supervisory
employe" and says that no supervisory
employee shall have the status of
rank-and-flle worker for the purposes
of sections 7, 8 and 9 of the Wagner
Act.
This section is perfectly clear. 1t
removes foremen from the purview of
the Wagner Act. 1t sets forth a def
milton which even the NLRB cannot
misunderstood.
But some newspapers and news serv-
ices, in writing about this section of
the Case bill (now being considered in
the Senate) have chosen to say that
this provision deprives foremen of COL
lective bargaining rights" 1t does
nothing of the sort. 1t simply removes
the governmental pressure which has
been pushing foremen into unions, to
which the majority do not wish to
belong.
Supervisory employees are a part of
management. This generally is recog-
nized by rank-and-file workers and the
public. To force these men into unions
would split the management team; it
would divide the foremen's loyalty.
Foremen, being members of manage
ment, cannot sit on both sides of the
bargaining table
A recent survey by the Foremen's
League of the demands by a foremens
union on large motor car manufac-
turer showed that, by unionizing the
foremen and supervisory forces of that
company, the union would tear away
from management SO per cent of the
management team! How then could
management continue to manage?
The Foremen's League is not opposed
to unions Of production workers. 1t is
opposed to the unionization of fore
men, move which would split the
management team
There Is no move afoot to deprive
foremen of collective bargaining. There
definitely is powerful move afoot to
force them into unions that are not of
their choosing. If this move succeeds,
situation will arise which will not
spell industrial peace for America.
VIM. ADAMS LITTELL,
Executive Secretary, Foremen's League.
Pittsburgh.