davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-03-30
Dean Lands Of Harvard
Seen as Next CAB Head

James M. Lands, dean of the
Harvard Law School and one of the
early New Dealers, is slated to be
named by President Truman to
succeed L. Welch Pogue as chair
man of the Civil Aeronautics
Board, it was reported reliably in
aviation circles here today.
The White House had no COM
ment on the reports. Mr.. Lands
was at one time chairman of the
Securities and Exchange Commits
sion and later headed the Office of
Civilian Defense. He also served
the Government in other capacities.
Mr.. Pogue some time ago delayed
his resignation at the request Of
Mr.. Truman.
Evening star., 1946-03-30
U.S.. Bungles Military Research,
Bush Says in AssoiIing System

Present methods of settling diff.
ferences of opinion in military re.
search are inadequate and "would
not. be tolerated a week in manu-
featuring concern producing bobby
pins" DR.. Vannevar Bush told the
Joint Conference of Air Defense
today at its closing session in the
Mayfower Hotel
The director of the Office of Sci
entific Research and Development
declared the method was made to
work after fashion during the
war only by grace of the fact that
strong men were strong enough to
agree in wartime" under the stress
of emergency.
DR.. Bush said that. while plans
for a single department of national
defense will work and will sove
many problems" p, proposed re-
search and development board
lacked provision for a responsible
Evening star., 1946-03-30
Original Sugar Quota
Is Favored by George
For Philippines Bill
Finance Committee Due
To Begin Consideration
Of Measure Next Week
By J. a. Oueor

Chairman George of the Sen
ate Finance Committee made
known today he favors restoring
the original sugar quota of $780,
600 long tons year in the Phil
ippine Trade bill, which passed
the House late yesterday with
the quota cut to $4,000 short
tons.
Senator George said the bill
would be referred to the Finance
Committee, which may start work
on it Monday or Tuesday. He said
he thought not more than one OF
two days of hearings will be neces-
sary.
The change from long to short
tons in the House bill means a re-
duction of 100000 short tons. The
Ways and Means Committee a
week ago had tentatively decided
to slash the sugar quota to a mini
mum of 100000 short tons, which
would have meant a cut of 252, 1000
short tons in this basic Philippine
crop at time when the islands are
struggling to recover from the
devastation of the war against ia
pan. Before taking the bill to the
House floor early this week, how
ever, the committee reconsidered
and put back part of the cut.
Basis of Credit for Islands.
"My general attitude will be to dc
as much as we can for the FILIPINO
people at this time" said Senator
George.
The Georgia Senator said it will
be 1948 before Philippine sugar be-
comes factor again-allowing TO,
time to replant the fields and re-
establish the industry-but allow.
ance of the full quota will form g
basis of credit for the islands, he
pointed out.
Senator Tydings, Democrat, o1
Maryland, chairman of the Com.
mittee on Territories and Insula,
Affairs. expects the bill to receive
prompt Senate consideration.
The Philippines will be given theil
independence on July 4, and the
purpose of the pending bill is tt
help them achieve economic in
dependence by providing for 6
gradual transition from a free trade
to tariff basis of carrying on COM
merce with the United States.
Eight Years of Free Trade.
The bill allows years of free
trade, followed by 20 years OF
gradual application of tariff duties
at the rate of per cent year of
the duties that now apply to Cuba
In the House there was no oppo-
(See PHILIPPINES, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1946-03-30
(RoH Call on Page A~S.)
BY the Associated Press

The administration smarted
today under a severe Senate set
back that threatened to doom
President Truman's minimum
wage legislation.
The showdown came on a proposal
to incorporate in the bill provisions
that would boost farm prices and
the proposal won, 42-31, yesterday
despite Mr.. Truman's advance warn
ing that he would veto the measure
in that form.
The Senates week end recess gave
perplexed presidential lieutenants a
chance to take inventory and con-
slider recasting plans in the face of
a politically important defeat.
The farm-prlce boost amendment
won approval after less than an
hour of fiery debate The roll call
vote found "a Democrats and 19
Republicans shouting "yes'' and 81
Democrats, 8 Republicans, the lone
Progressive. La Toilette of Wiscon-
Evening star., 1946-03-30

/ person to make decisions in event
of divided opinions.
Government by committee is con-
trary to all of the philosophy of
military organization" he said. "It
does not work in general, and it will
not work to produce the unitary
plan of research and development
which is essetial for our national
security"
Other speakers scheduled for the
closing session today were j. D.
Small, civilian production admins
traitor, and Vice Admiral Arthur w.
Redford, who was to discuss the
pattern for naval air power in the
future" Admiral Radford is deputy
chief of naval operations for air.
Charging our lease-lend equipment
is being used by imperialistic forces
to shoot dependent people into
submission" Maj. Gen. Patrick j.
Hurley last night called for recovery
(see AIR DEFENSE, Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1946-03-30
Reds Charge Vatican Aids
Fascist Plot in SIovakia
BY the Associated Press

LONDON, Mar. 30.-The Moscow
radio last night said the Vatican
was supporting "a subversive anti
democratic plot along fascist lines
in Slovakia."
The broadcast added that the
Pope, at recent reception of Paris
priests in Rome, demanded that
the Catholic clergy interfere in secu-
lar affairs and deal with political
questions during elections.
"At the same time, the Pope de-
MED the right of the state to inter-
fere in the political activity of the
clergy" the radio continued. Thus
Catholic reaction demands free
dom of action against democracy
and immunity for its agents in the
organization of the Fascist under
ground"
Evening star., 1946-03-30
Truman on River Cruise
With Group Of Senators

President Truman is spending an
other week end aboard the yacht
Williamsburg. He left late yester-
day on Potomac cruise during
which he plans to discuss legislative
matters with group of Senators.
In the party were Majority Leader
Barkley and Senators OMahoney,
Wyoming; Murdock, Utah; Tunnel,
Delaware, and Hill, Alabama, all
Democrats. George E. Allen, new
RFC director, also was aboard.
While his guests will leave the
Williamsburg on the return here
this afternoon. Mr.. Truman, as is his
custom, expects to stay aboard and
work on official papers, according to
Press Secretary Charles G. Ross.
Mrs. Truman and Miss Margaret
Truman had planned to join the
President tomorrow, but decided to-
day to remain at the White House
because Margaret has a sore throat.
Evening star., 1946-03-30
Nation Faces New Curb on Corn
For Food, Grain for Livestock
Agriculture Department Issues Restrictions
To Free Wheat for Export to Needy Countries

The Nation today faced new
restrictions on the use of corn
for manufactured foods, and of
grain for livestock feed, as the
Agriculture Department an
nounced curbs effective Monday
in a move designed to free more
wheat for export and obtain
more equitable distribution of
market supplies of grain in this
country.
The department acted last night
in the face of new reports of food
shortages from countries which look
to the United States for relief.
In Mexico City, millers were
alarmed by reports that American
wheat shipments would cease and
said that IF the United States does
not release shipments of wheat tc
Evening star., 1946-03-30
7rumon's Basic Pay Legislation
Imperi|ed by Farm Price Rider
Pon to Boost Prices Is Approved
By Senate, 42-3l, Despite Threat of Veto

81 answering the "no" asked by the
President.
Majority Leader Barkley, who had
gravely delivered the White House
veto warning, refused comment on
what he planned next.
Senator Pepper, Democrat, of
Florida, who spent the week trying
to defeat the farm-price rider, also
was uncertain, saying:
We'll just have to wait until Mon
day and survey the situation"
Senator Russell, Democrat, of
Georgia, who championed the
amendment which would revise Gov
ernment parity price methods, COM
mented:
Il think the Senate has done the
proper and just thing and I hope the
President will reconsider his de-
cision."
There appeared to be small likeli-
hood the President will reverse his
stand, most Senators agreed. SEN
ator Pepper said lit is obvious those
who were making an attempt to help
(See WAGES. Page All
Evening star., 1946-03-30
Slayer in Illicit Romance
Given 99-Year Sentence
b. the Associated Press

BEDFORD, Iowa, Mar. GO.-With-
in six minutes after he had pleaded
guilty last night to a 21z -year-old
Staying, Henry Schmitt, husky
Lenox 1owa) horsetrader was under
sentence to SO years imprisonment
Charged with first-degree murder
for the confessed killing of Tommy
Worm, AZ, his sweetheart's husband
Schmitt pleaded guilty to second
degree murder and was sentenced
Immediately by District Judge
George A. johnson.
'Schmitt was arrested after Worm S
widow, Dorothy, Al, had made a
statement to the State Bureau OF
Investigation in Des Moines. Mrs
Worm told of an illicit romance
with the horsetrader and admitted
she helped to bury her husband.
No charges have been filed against
Mrs. Worm who reported that her
husband had disappeared" and
later offered 5000 reward for his
return
Evening star., 1946-03-30
Chinese Nationalist
Officials Withdraw in
MassFrom Changchun
Communists Are Reported
Moving In on City as
Russians Go North
BY the Associoted Press

PEIPING, Mar. 30.-Impelled
by an acute sense of insecurity
virtually all Chinese national
government officials sent to
Changchun. capital of Man
churia, have departed that city
in the second mass withdrawal
since November.
The semioffcial Central News
Agency said the last group of ap-
proximately 100 was due to fly from
Changchun to South Manchuria
army headquarters at Chinchow to-
day.
The officials had been sent to take
over political and economic admin
istration Of the former japanese
puppet state.
Their retirement increased pro-
portionately with the withdrawal of
Soviet army forces northward to-
ward Harbin and persistent reports
OF an influx of Chinese Communist
troops in and around Changchun.
11,000 Ready to Defend Capital.
There was no indication that
Mayor C. M. Chao, major general
OF the University of Wisconsin
in the Chinese army and a graduate
School of Engineering, or his mu-
nicipal staff were participating in
the exodus.
Three weeks ago, Mayor Chao TOLD
American correspondents who visited
him in Changchun that a force OF
II ZOO men was prepared to defend
the capital. None were government
troops. There were 1000 militia
flown in from Peiping, 5000 police
formerly employed by the japanese
and 1000 local recruits.
The chief of the Chinese military
mission in Changchun, 1t. Gen
Tung Yen-pin, who is liaison officer
with Marshal Rodion Malinovsky's
Russian headquarters, has returned
to Changchun and is preparing tc
leave for Harbin. Because of his
function as liaison officer, Gen. Tune
recently told American correspond
ents, he will withdraw with the Rus
slams when they evacuate.
Indication of Red Withdrawal.
Central News Agency today re.
ported his intention to go to Harbin
This was interpreted as one of the
strongest indications that the Rus
sian withdrawal from Changchun is
nearly completed.
At Chinchow, Gen. Hsiung Shin
hui, director of Generalissimo
Chang Kai-shek's field headquar-
ters in Manchuria, advised the re-
turning officials that they would
have to receive his special approval
before any would be allowed to re-
turn. inside the Great Wall to China
proper.
Gen. Hsiung indicated that the
officials should proceed to Mukden
and Fushun to participate in taking
over the utilities and industries al
ready in central government hands.
Thus it appeared that Mukden once
again was due to become the pro-
visionaf capital of Manchuria.
Evening star., 1946-03-30
Reds Say u. S.,.Britair
Violate Equality Of
Nations in Iran Case
Legal Technically Used
To Bring Matter Before
UNO, Russions Charge
BY the Assoeiofed Press

MOSCOW, Mar. 3O.-Soviet
observers said today they felt
that the United States and Brit
ain were violating the principle
of equality among nations" in
pressing the Soviet-Iranian case
before the United Nations Sc
curity Council.
Private conversations showed that
Russians also were of the opinion
the Security Council at London gave
Russia and Iran directive to settle
the question bilaterally and that
this was being done, but by present.
ing the case again to the Council
the United States and Britain were
trying to take advantage of a legal
technicality.
Allied Troops Cited.
Foreign political observers in Mos
COW, seeking to interpret the Soviet
viewpoint, were almost unanimous
in the conclusions:
/. The U. S. S. r. has difficulty in
understanding why the United
States and Britain should show such
an interest in the question of Red
Army troops in Iran when Britain
retains troops in Greece, Egypt,
Indonesia, the Levant, 1raq and
Palestine and the United States
keeps them in China, Iceland and
elsewhere.
2. Russia cannot understand why
she should not have oil concessions
in Iran when Britain and the United
States have them there, as we'll as
in other parts of the Middle East.
3. Russian individuals feel the
United States and Britain are using
the meeting of the Security Council
to embarraSs the Soviet before the
world.
Wants UNO Preserved.
However, the opinion voiced here
is that Russia is one of the last
countries which would want to leave
the United Nations or to see it come
to an end.
At the same time many Russians,
speaking privately, have said they
were convinced that relations be-
tween the U. S. S. R. and her two
close wartime Allies were becoming
more estranged and that something
should be done to improve them.
The action of the Security Council
in asking Russia and Iran for state
ments by next Wednesday may
somewhat ease the situation, but
has not been viewed in comments
here as a positive solution.
Neither Pravda nor Izvestia carried
news or comment today about the
action of the United Nations Security
Council yesterday in New York.
Evening star., 1946-03-30
Jap General in China
Seized as War Criminal
BY the Associated Press

HONG KONG, Mar. 30.-Chinese
military authorities at Canton re.
ported today that 1t. Gen. Kyuichi
Tanaka, commander of Japanese
forces in South China before the
surrender, was arrested Wednesday
on war crimes charges on orders
from the War Ministry in Chung
king.
Accused Of condoning brutalities
against the Chinese, Gen. Tanaka
recently had been acting as COM
mander of Japanese prisoners of
war in Canton. He became military
Sovernor at Hong Kong in late 1914
Evening star., 1946-03-30
Henry AIdrich' Is Father

PHILADELPHIA, Mar. 30.-The
stork brought the Ezra Stones a
baby girl yesterday on the second
birthday of their first child, a. boy.
The six-pound daughter arrived at
Osteopathic Hospital and was
named Francine Ida. Her radio
actor father was there and took a
photograph of her soon after birth.
Mr.. Stone is Henry Aldrich in the
radio program of that name.
Evening star., 1946-03-30

Mexico within the next 20 days.
Mexico City will be without bread. y
Hoover in Warsaw.
At a Warsaw press conference
after the arrival of Herbert Hoover,
honorary chairman of the Famine
Emergency Committee. President
Boleslaw Beirut said Poland must
Immediately receive increased sup
plies OF grains and foodstuffs or the
nation may soon face starvation.
He said the United Nations Relief
and Rehabilitation Administration
had been supplying only 13 per cent
of the country's needs. Russia. he
said, was giving Poland 200 900 tons
of grain.
Meanwhile, it was announced in
London that representatives of more
than a score of nations, including
See FOOD, Page A-80
Evening star., 1946-03-30
Government Workers
Converge on Capitol
With Pay Raise Plea
Meet on Mall, Then
Go in Small Groups
To See Representatives

Three hundred members of the
United Fec >ral Workers of Amer
lea, CIO, to, 'ay sought out mem
bers of the 'ouse in an effort tc
obtain enact, lent of a 20 pei
cent pay mcl ,ase for Govern
ment employees
The group assa bled on the Mall
near Fourth stree, NV, at 10 am
listened to brief at Tesses by Daniel
Schwartz, chairman If the meeting
and national representative of the
union for the Washington area, and
Don Murray, national legislative
and publicity director of the organ
| ization.
| In small groups. the workers
walked to Capitol Hill and attempted
to see the Representatives of the
districts from which they come.
| The organization lacked a parade
permit and Capt. William C. Bal
linger of the Capitol police told the
leaders that the members woulG
have to go to Capitol Hill in groups
of five, 100 feet apart. Most of the
members wore lapel tags labeled L
Day, with today's date, which Mr.
Schwartz explained meant lobby
/ ing day"
Signs Are Carried.
During the speechmaking on the
Mall, various State delegations lined
up with banners, denoting each
State, but police required that these
be left at the scene and not taken to
Capitol Hill.
Among the signs carried were mo
chiseling on living standard" 100
per cent, no compromise" 30 per
cent-make 20 per cent effective
January l, 1916" and Naval and
Postal Workers got it, why not all
of us?"
Mr.. Schwartz told the gathering
that the organization wants a $40O
cash yearly increase for every one
now getting up to $4,000 annually
This represents 20 to IS per cent
increase. He emphasized that this
should be retroactive to January l
and not July l, 1916, as the pending
legislation reads.
Mr.. Schwartz explained that the
Senators plan only an IL per cent
increase, but that the rise in the
cost of living and increases given
in private industry warrant a 80 per
cent pay raise for Government
workers, particularly in the lower
paid brackets.
Urges Bills Passage.
Mr.. Murray told the gathering
that today's meeting was part of a
Nationwide demonstration being
held at this time in the larger cities
I'VE are going to do something
about it because the people of the
United States want a good Govern
ment service and Federal workers
should be adequately paid" Mr.
Murray said.
Mr.. Murray asserted that for hall
Of the Federal workers an 1875 per
cent increase is not adequate. He
| enjoined his hearers to fight any
damaging amendments in the House
and said that the most practical
consideration is to get the bill
passed.
Reports will be made by the union
members to their headquarters or
the reception given them by the
Representatives and the stand OF
each legislator on the bill will be
recorded on special forms. Local II
of the organization in Baltimore
sent delegation, it was announced
Evening star., 1946-03-30
Gromyko Hears UNO
Proceedings on Radio
By the Associated Press

NEW YORK, Mar. 3O.-Andrei
Gromyko's chair was empty at yes
terday's United Nations Security
Council meeting but the Soviet
delegate apparently heard the pro-
ceedings by radio.
At the Russian consulate general,
where Gromyko spent the day, at
least two radios blared forth the
broadcasts of the Council sessions
Evening star., 1946-03-30
SchweIIenbach
Lewis Aid
1oAvert Strike
Labor Secretary Acts
In Soft Coal WoIkout
Set for Tomorrow
By jones Y. Newton

Secretary of Labor Schwellen-
bach intervened directly in the
deadlocked soft coal wage nego-
tiations today in a last-minute
effort to prevent a walkout OF
the Nations 100000 bituminous
miners set for midnight tomor-
row.
MIR. Schwellenbach visited the
Shoreham Hotel headquarters of
the coal conference and shortly
afterward was closeted with John
L. Lewis in the mine leaders suite.
He was accompanied by Assistant
Secretary John w. Gibson and a
Labor Department conciliator.
Mr.. Schwellenbach was closeted
with MIR. Lewis for an hour and
quarter, then left for a meeting
with the operators. He said he
would have no comment until he
had talked with them. Mr.. Lewis
likewise withheld comment,
Conference Continues.
While Mr.. Lewis and Secretary
Schwellenbach were conferring, ne
gotiations between other mine
worker officials and coal operators
continued in another part of the
hotel.
There was little hope among
Federal labor officials or among the
negotiators themselves, however,
that they would succeed in averting
the walkout.
Secretary SchWellenbach was ex-
pected to appeal to the operators to
make retroactive to April / any wage
increases granted later in a new con-
tract. Mr.. Lewis has stated en-
phatically, however, that there will
be no extension of the present wage
agreement which he is terminating.
Both Sides Bitter.
AAew note of bitterness was added
to negotiations yesterday when the
National Coal Association accused
Mr.. Lewis of encouraging walk
out. This brought stinging reply
from the mine leader.
Should all last-mirlute attempts
to bring agreement fail, the COM
pleteness of the work stoppage will
not be known until Tuesday, since
MONDAY, April l, is holiday in the
mine fields in celebration of attain
ment of the eight-hour day. There
was little doubt, however, but that
all<the mine, workers would follow
Mr.. Lewis telegraphed instructions
and remain at home next week.
Strike Called Certain.
Mr.. Lewis UNIV Journal, pub
lished today, said there is no hope
or likelihood the operators will agree
to any part" of the unions demands
before tomorrow's deadline. A SINH
lar view that no agreement was in
sight was taken by the coal associa-
ton.
AS for what will happen once
strike begins, the journal COM
mented that: "a temporary recess
(of the Bituminous Joint Wage Con-
ference) may be taken, but the
meeting will be resumed until a new
agreement is negotiated"
Mr.. Lewis has demanded estab-
lishment of health and welfare
fund for miners financed from
assessments on coal tonnage pro-
duced, with the fund to be ad-
ministered by his union.
The operators have offered to
match "the wage pattern" set in the
automobile, oil and steel industries.
But Mr.. Lewis has avoided any
specific wage increase demands,
pending a decision on his health
and welfare fund proposal.