davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-08-24

livery: livery, also card nles. Ex. OILS. 2nt
FILING CABINETS. new, steel. full sus
pension. @ with and without locks. Replac
rf54bRaNlruRE f5ba co. 1859 s1st st. NV: =. Ex
FiIMs FOR PHOTO AND MOVIE. also col
or N stec6 6a, Finest deveopinE seryies
FIREPLACE EouIPMENT. andirons. screens
and tools. 4s3l 10th st. NV, ii a m
gg!x;TI6REs gx;Il IS for shoe store; made by dPans
vera wood. all in good condition; included
slipper displayers, shoe shelving, paneiinS
eess ~ sffRRhs sosaftF A19y nv
ehron service, BRENNER. 9sS Penna. ave
pLAsHadGHTSmATmy Fla signsl Corps sur
for all lot I'll q s Boundary snars aSe. paf.s sys I've
IsSSlns TSlpxHax Ma BED. single size with a.ia,e S
soIiD1WNAiYf assi H; ifai BEDS. several, in or,s,..
wrappers; price s35 viii deliver to pur
SSSs "s r H. 'sS'' sssS s%s'
FOLDING BED. with mattress, used once
fiaR9 RtRarR 81 aABisErs all sizes and fSD iSpes
opA ceiling prices. RoMAx CO. so7 Mt
Fso2RNFooD Fs5nsF Fl LoekERs &c 1aRse 20 cubic fee
capacity fine condition. Call RA. 33sa!5a 3a5a
FRUIT JUICER, Tress-Spin. all aluminium
heavy duty, good condition, $50. SH
FUR-Natural sheared beaver coat. size q
| fitted; $500 value; will sacrifice for S20(
cash. Phone Owens 1854. 25s
i FUR COAT, full length, size 18, blacl
ssTsiss hixae 1s4a lamo' practically new ss. S5So
FUR COAT. black Hudson seal, size 20
| $40. needing some small repairs. orig
value. $500, Franklin 1900, Apt. 4O'
much as 50qs. Gorgeous Mouton lamb
sable muskrat, Persian lamb and silve
fox. A small deposit reserves your selec
ton: Rcpsiring and restyline BASKIf
FURS, corner Sth and G. SITS, NV
FUR JACKET. natural skunk, bolero
good condition; $50 cash. MI 21S6. 81
FURNACE. coal burning. hot water, larg
enoush to heat s-rm house. in good cond
4s15. WO. 0b2S, MR.. POLK. -25
J FURNACES. Spencer coal nred. have bee
used for 2 heating seasons, In perfect con
) dition: being remeyed to install gss-tlrrss
FEY & SONS. 3l6 Kennedy st. NV. -
Evening star., 1946-08-24

GAS FIRED HOT WATER BOILER for very
EM si4S. DI. o1as. AMERICAN APPLI-
axsoLfSE asso fS POWERED lawnmower. -Is pow.
cred with Briggs and Stratton engine
brand new, In original carton, S135: can
ns eny ssurdez sos sh9on sS st. ssndS
Queens Chapel rd.. Apt. 2. Mt. Rainier
Sas. TAscks ss zsmR neE ssr city sRa
Gs sAsS sAsSEmmsdsts 81 st sH sA aelss.Iy ssss cit,
from WashinRton's largest assortment OF
nationally famous ranges: Tappan, Estate.
RopsT Mass Chef Nqrge Grand Quality
ARD tn T1RE sss APPLfANcE co 10Th snd
a sts fr sss 9Rsn Fl EEidsy s4i and Saturday to
GAS RANGE. Magic Chef, burner. table
top, excellent condition; best offer. GE.
GAS RANGE, Detroit. reconditioned. S25;
and Arcola furnace, $25 for quick sale; sos
GAS 5, RANCE s;S for sale, Fire King 4 bur burn
5ion. $s5, GO. se4s. ,. z- "a
oven oven and stens oaGnst fs: sood condition. a
ssss ss:its Used "s sA.:s % as
GUN, reversible barrel. 90 gauge hornet
ana II gauge: WO. $3.50.
HAND TRUCKS, Two 2,whesl heavy duty.
fEARiSG AID. Zenith, ike new. perfect
cond.; cost $50; win sell. $50. EN-. o75a.
HoT-wATER BOILER. /: will heat s-rm.
honse; $50. Also ooa ive-foot leg bathsnbs,
HoSTWATER HS heaters. brand-new so
gal; Evanaire oil units; Just 2 available
for INN ediate delivery. WARD RADIO 8
APPLIANCE CO., $685. Ga. ave. SH. 67O0.
HOT WATER TANK and gas heater, both
iCEBoxEs. new ana used; large stock and
1O15A eth St NV. Ma. 1852.
ICEBOXES, 9, $40 and SIS each; perfect
condition. ME- 1857. 20
IRONER, Simplex. new. 4s-inch roll.
PROCTOR & HUTCHINSON. ia. 1900 or
SH. S455 after store hours. -26
KEROSENE COOK STOVES. large oil heat
ers. ACME FURNITURE 4 STOVE CO..
| 1015Ia 7th st. NV. MA. S952.
KITCHEN CABINET, white. apt. size, good
condition. S35. SH. 5311. 25'
KITCHEN CABINET BASE. china closet
and buffet, radios. 2svictrolas, tools;
wheelbarrow: mirrors chairs. odds and
ends. oV. 1908.
Evening star., 1946-08-24

CAMERAS-Reyere cameras and protec-
tors In stock and for sale. SUMMERS
CAMERA EXCHANGE 141O N. Y. ave.
CAMERAS-GermAn camera and lenses
wanted; SOMMERS' CAMERA EXCHANGE,
1410 New York ave. NV.
Evening star., 1946-05-13
Merry-Go-Round
From the Ashland (Va.) Herald PROGRESS.

From the Ashland (va) Herald-Progress
Well, here we go again. Last winter
1t was strikes in motors and other pro-
duction agencies that slowed down re-
conversion and put many thousands out
OF work. These were settled, then came
the steel strike which slowed down the
production of steel and all of those
plants that use steel. We settled that;
and now we have strike in coal which
makes steel, which makes cars which
makes employment.
In this closely-knit economic world we
all work for each other in one fashion
or another and when somebody sits
down on the job, two or three others
have to sit down to keep him company.
When one plant goes out of production,
many little plants that supply 1t go out
Of production too.
The interesting thing is that when
large group of workers strike, they strike
not only against the employer, against
the public, but also the rest of labor as
well. A long coal strike on top of
steel strike, on top of strike in motors
could be very costly to owners and work.
ers in the automotive field alike. Maybe
labor will find that many of their So
called gains were too expensive and that
they really can't afford to strike.
Evening star., 1946-05-13

by the fact that the Russians appear
to want the rule so broadened as to
nullify the San Francisco statement.
1t is doubtful, moreover, that
amending the Charter could settle
the issue without immense difficulty.
Such action would be extremely
time-consuming. 1t would require
two-thirds vote of the General As
sembly of the United Nations. and
after that it could not go into effect
until ratified by two-thirds of the
members of the U. NJ, including all
the permanent Council members.
The veto power, in short, applies
even to the amendment process, so
that there seems no way of solving
this vexing problem except through
genuine cooperation by the Big
Five, particularly Russia.
Evening star., 1946-05-13

more freedom OF speech than ever
before.
This freedom is in keeping with the
American ideal Of making Japan into
genuine democracy as much as possible
along the western pattern. Progress in
this direction was quite noticeable until
the representatives of the big powers
were given more than advisory" au-
thority. Each is said now to be following
his own political Zine" in accordance
with instructions from his respective
government The American authorities
who in fact are still supreme have not
attempted to interfere, although they
have made it plain that they disliked
certain actions of these representatives.
However, the whole question came to
a boiling point when the representa-
tives intervened in an effort to prevent
the shipment of sizable quantities of
American products to Japan.
Gen. Macarthur ordered thorough
survey of the situation throughout the
country by American military and civil
ian investigators. He then set down on
paper story which is still being kept
confidential because 1t might displease
some Of the powers which were given
the right to interfere in Japan's affairs
last December at the meeting of the
Big Three Foreign Ministers in Moscow.
X X
Gen. Macarthur is said to have men
toned few very interesting details of
how the politically freed Japanese were
being used to create disturbances and
how the objectives would be easily at
tanned If the present starvation ration
is allowed to deteriorate further
The general has been appreciated as
soldier by some officials of the State
Department, but his policies have not
always met with their approval In the
past they feared he was thoroughly in
doctrinated in the "one- world" ideol-
ogies. He was frequently accused, "off
the record" of attempting to become
law itself in the area placed under his
supreme command at the Potsdam Con-
ference.
The State Department selected Mr..
Atcheson as Gen. MacArthur's chief
political adviser without consulting the
general. The fact that he has indorsed,
without restriction, Gen. MacArthur's
scathing report is said to have con-
vinced the department that Gen. Mac
Arthur's objections to interference by
foreign representatives were well found
ed and unbiased.
Evening star., 1946-05-13
u. S. and Russio
From the Chicago Journal Of Commerce.
Russia has sent three delegates to tn

From the Chicago journal Of Commerce
Russia has sent three delegates to the
meeting Of the American Society of
Newspaper Editors. If the visitors use
the phrase freedom of the press" they
will have in mind an Interpretation diff.
ferent from ours.
Article 125 of the Soviet constitution.
adopted in 1886, does indeed guarantees
press freedom, but only "in order to
strengthen the socialist system" 1t is
freedom only to say what the govern
ment wants said.
Presses, ink, paper and the labor to
get out the newspaper-an are govern.
ment-allocated in Russia. Newspapers
must be government-approved and must
hew to the government line or they are
closed down.
In Russia freedom of the press is a
social right vested in government; in the
United States it is civil right vested in
the people. In the very nature of things,
according to American lights, govern.
ment-controlled press is servile; by Rus.
sian standards it promotes the peoples
welfare.
The two nations are as far apart on
the definition of free press as on the
meaning of democracy" and that's the
reason why the AS.N.E. campaign to
open up the dark areas Of the world to
enlightenment is travelling as rocky .
road as Mr.. Byrnes' effort to democratize
the Balkan governments.
Evening star., 1946-05-13

to yield from $10,OO0,00O to $4,000 900 a
year, to be controlled, in fact, by one
man. The Government doesn't want
that to happen, and under the circum-
stances the Government is, think,
right, however doubtful its legal argu-
ments. Government officials have pro-
posed fund to be jointly created and
administered by labor and management.
But Congress has been for years
remiss in its duties. 1t cannot hope to
bring order into labor relations by the
emergency bills which have so far con-
stituted its sole contribution to our
leading problem. Nor can it hope to
settle matters by dealing with specific
personalities, such as Petrillo or Lewis.
The Wagner Act endows trade unions
with the powers of public bodies. Their
actions involve the life of the Nation, as
the miners strike is paralyzing economic
lie and Is in fact, national disaster
such powers entail responsibilities.
Rights without attendant duties are
dangerous and undemocratic No bill
passed by Congress even defines what
a trade union is. No bill prohibits prac-
tlces rife In many unions-dictatorshi
failure to hold regular or secret cleo
tlons, failure to make financial account
ing to the membership, prohibitive en-
trance fees, black lists of qualified work.
ers. sometimes for political purposes,
racketeering, jurisdictional strikes and
dozens OF other well-known abuses.
The unions have always maintained
that they are free, unincorporated asso-
Citations. But conditions, not theories,
confront us, and the business of Gov
ernment is to govern, in the interest of
protecting workers and the public. The
function of Government is to create and
maintain law.
I repeat that there are no demands
from Mr.. Lewis which seem to me, at
least unreasonable per Sc 1t is unfor-
tunate that the President lifted all wage
controls few days after VI Day That
Is the chief source of our price problem,
for wages and prices can only be con-
trolled together. But Mr.. Lewis de-
mands are not excessive in comparison
with demands already granted other
unions. 1t is Mr.. Lewis way of running
his union that is Objectionable. No
labor leader ought to be allowed to exer-
else his kind of despotism. however the
oretically benevolent. And Congress
must get down to brass tacks, preferably
when we are not in the midst of crisis
1t ought to call hearings on union
abuses. 1t ought to prepare carefully
thought through legislation.
Actually, Mr.. Lewis made the same
demand for a welfare fund in 1943. 1t
was obvious that though he withdrew it
then, it was not forever Congress can
not, therefore. feign shocked surprise.
(Released by the Bell Syndicate, Inc)
Evening star., 1946-05-13
Civilian Stamps
The Post Office Department,

The Post Office Department, hav-
ing brought out stamp showing the
honorable discharge emblem and
thus paying homage to "those who
have served" in World War II, now
may be considered to have completed
the series of issues directly relating
to that conflict. Public interest,
meanwhile, has been turning toward
what may be called Civilian sub
jects." The death of Chief Justice
Harlan Fiske Stone raised the basic
question of what persons should be
admitted to the philatelic gallery of
the Nation. Obviously, the list could
not be limited to military and naval
leaders. Any American whose life
had benefited humanity would be
eligible.
In this connection, postal officers
were reminded that a stamp in
tribute to Will Rogers, the genial
cowboy philosopher, has been re-
leased by Nicaragua but that no
similar recognition of his place in
folk history yet has been accorded
him by his own country. The cele-
brated Negro scientist and artist, DR..
George w. Carver, likewise has been
proposed for admission to the roster
of famous Americans deserving
postal commemoration. Others men,
toned in the same category include:
Margaret Deland, Ellen Glasgow,
Arthur Train and Theodore Dresser,
novelists; George Gershwin, Jerome
Kern and Vincent Youmans, COM
posers; James William Crabtree,
educator; William Allen White,
newspaper editor; Herbert Adams,
sculptor; N. C.. Wyeth, painter and
illustrator; Paul P. Cret, architect;
DR.. Frank M. Chapman, ornithol-
ogist; DR.. John c. Merriam, paleon-
tologist; Monsignor John A. Ryan,
sociologist; Simon Lake, submarine
inventor; Miss Mabel Boardman, Red
Cross leader; John Cardinal Glennon,
churchman and cathedral builder,
and DR.. Walter Edward Dandy and
DR.. Simon Flexner, physicians.
Each of these individuals belonged
to the generations not yet vanished
from the American scene. They were
part of the present era, and perhaps
will not be honored at all unless they
are honored soon. Stamps in tribute
to civilian Americans of recent
decades are problem especially for
today. If they are to be authorized
and produced, there Is every reason
why action should be taken now.
The Post ONCE Department has
Evening star., 1946-05-13
Agreement on Finland

While the Paris Conference of
Foreign Ministers seems to be begged
down on most phases of the Euro
pean settlement, it is interesting to
learn that an agreement appears to
have been virtually arrived at on
peace treaty for Finland. This
treaty has been attained through
bilateral negotiations between Brit
ain and the Soviet Union, acting
under the formula that only those
of the Allied powers which were
actually belligerents against a spe-
cific defeated enemy nation could
participate in the drawing up of the
peace settlement for that nation.
This formula excludes the United
States, which never declared war on
Finland, though it broke diplomatic
relations after Finland's refusal to
withdraw from the war.
Under the Anglo-Soviet under
standing, the projected treaty ap-
proves and confirms all the terms
of the armistice imposed by Soviet
Russia upon Finland with one ex-
ception. That is the status of the
Aland Islands, the highly strategic
archipelago lying midway between
Finland and Sweden at the narrow
entrance to the Gulf of Bothnia
into the main body of the Baltic
Sea. Indeed, the Alands lie closer
to Sweden than they do to Finland,
and the outermost islets are literally
within sight of the Swedish coast,
not far from Stockholm, Sweden's
capital and metropolis. The inhabi-
tants of the Aland Islands are all
Swedish speaking and of Swedish
stock.
All these circumstances led to a
consideration after World War I as
to whether the Alands should not 60
to Sweden when Finland was set up
as an independent state. In the
end, a compromise was reached
through an international agreement
under the aegis of the League of
Nations, whereby the Alands, though
declared Finnish territory, were to
be permanently demilitarized. How
ever, by the terms of the Russo
Finnish armistice, Finland agreed to
grant Russia the right to establish
military, naval and air bases in the
Alands. The British are asking that
the international convention of
1920 take precedence over the armi-
stice agreement and that the Alands
remain demilitarized, especially
since Finland has granted Russia
bases on the mainland which give
Russia effective control over the sea
approaches to both the Gulf of
Bothnia and the Gulf of Finland.
In other respects the Anglo
Russian agreement confirms in its
entirety the Russo Finnish armi-
stice, including cession to Russia of
the Viborg area and the Arctic port
OF Petsamo, together with the valu-
able nickel mines in the vicinity,
which are largely Canadian owned.
Evening star., 1946-05-13
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

Lam afraid the President is on weak
ground in claiming that John L. Lewis
demand for a miners health and well
fare fund to be built up by royalty
on every ton of coal mined, and paid
into and administered by the union, Is
in contravention of the Wagner Labor
Relations Act.
An argument can be made that the
act prohibits employer contributions to
unions. But there are too many pre-
cedents established to make that argu-
ment sound The check-off has been
widely accepted, and is certainly in a
sense an employer contribution to the
union. Furthermore. health and well
fare funds exist in numerous unions
Probably the outstanding example is in
the international Ladies Garment Work
ers' Union. There the fund is COL
lected by payroll tax. but the principle
is the same, The fund provides clinics
for workers, paid yearly vacations and
many other things, and it actually
was one of the easiest OF concessions to
get from employers. 1t is administered
entirely by the union
In the case of the coal miners, where
this issue of the welfare fund is the
chief obstacle to settlement, such a
fund is in essence eminently reasonable.
Coal mining is highly hazardous in
dustry to life and health. Many perish
each year in coal mines; its occupa-
tional diseases are notorious.
1t IS dubious whether the Presidents
seizing of the mines would result in min
ers going back to work. When President
Roosevelt seized the mines at the time
Of the last strike miners actually only
dribbled back, until Mr.. Lewis called
Of the strike.
There is danger that Congress will
rush through egislation-such as a bill
prohibiting royalties for welfare pur-
poses-in its customary habit of meet
ing emergencies with hasty, half-baked
legislation. In similar crisis they
passed the Smith Connally bill over
the veto Of President Roosevelt, who
pointed out that it would not prevent
but actually encourage strikes. The
legislation has plagued us ever since.
The real trouble with the proposed
welfare fund is the way John L. Lewis
runs his union. He is an absolute
czar-which fact is not alleviated by the
argument that he is adored by the
miners. All tyrants claim to be adored
by their subjects. He treats the union
and its funds as though they were his
personal property. In 1896 he took
half million dollars of the miners
money, without consultation with the
rank and file, and contributed it to the
Democratic campaign.
The proposed welfare fund is expected
Evening star., 1946-05-13
ABUSING Freedom

Most laymen will be in full SYM
pathy with the views of the judge
who, in sentencing group Of Com
munists guilty of participating in
a demonstration against Winston
Churchill during the latter's recent
visit to New York. said that the
Bill of Rights was not meant to be
a weapon of foreign ideologies for
the "atomization" of democratic in
stitutions.
The Communists were convicted
of violating Park Department reg
ulation and were fined $25 each.
They contended that the regulation
abridged their constitutional right
OF free speech and free assembly,
and the trial judge has expressed
the hope that his decision will be
appealed.
The question involved is delicate
one, and while not new it might
we'll be re-examined by the Supreme
Court. If this should be done it is
to be hoped that the decision will
not be based on some narrow
ground, but that it will deal squarely
with the larger issue of the right
OF the public authorities in this
country to restrain those whose
efforts are aimed at promoting the
interests OF. some foreign power.
From the language of some of its
earlier decisions one might infer
that the Supreme Court would be
out OF sympathy with the position
taken by the New York judge. But
the fact remains that the Com
munists, relying on the protection of
the Bill of Rights, will persist in
their efforts to destroy our free
American institutions. Perhaps the
First and Fourteenth Amendments
mean that the American people are
without power to resist these efforts
through the imposition of statutory
restraints such as the one relied
upon in New York. But il that is
the case, if there is nothing to do
but submit to abuses of freedom by
communists and other groups, then
the Supreme Court should be called
upon to say so in clear and un-
equivocal tones.
Evening star., 1946-05-13
This Changing World
Bv Constantine Brown

In a recent report to his chiefs in
Washington, Gen. Macarthur made a
scathing and gloomy survey of the situ-
alton in Japan, pointing out that If the
interference of the representatives of
the other powers in important domestic
matters continued, the position Of the
United States might become seriously
endangered.
The generals report-which was sew
eral pages long-was fully indorsed in
a special cable by George Atcheson, the
State Departments political representa-
tive at the Supreme Commanders head
quarters. Mr.. Atcheson is said to have
urged the Government to lend all its
support to Gen. Macarthur to prevent
a disintegration of the already difficult
Japanese situation.
1t appears that the major difficulty
encountered by the American authori-
ties in Tokyo is the interference of the
other powers in the importation of food
in sufficient quantities to feed the jap
anese people.
In order to preserve present order
without employing larger forces, Gen.
MacArthurs staff has asked for ade-
quate shipments of supplies until the
new crops in Japan are available. This
policy does not indicate softening to-
ward the Japanese, but is considered as
a measure of security and is tied to
Gen. MacArthur's desire to avoid asking
for military requirements or reinforce
ments from the United States.
a. X X X
1t appears, from the Supreme Com
mander's report, that the representa-
tives Of the other countries feel that any
Improvement of the domestic situation
in Japan is contrary to the policy Of
Furnishing the Japanese for their mill
tary misdeeds.
In the meantime, the freedom granted
to all political parties has created
situation wherein some groups might
take advantage of the growing starva-
tion and restlessness to bring about a
situation which would increase the diff
flculties facing the Allied occupation
forces
There have been a number Of violent
political demonstrations not only in
Tokyo but in other parts of the country.
They have been traced back to the ac-
tivities Of some political elements in
Japan which are attempting to fish in
troubled waters and hope to increase
their activities because they now have