davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-04-06
Member of the Associated Press.
Army Day

The first peacetime Army Day
since 1941 finds the Army facing
nroblems which would have seemed
incredible a few months ago, when
the Nation was g1orying in the
thrilling victories of our fighting
men on widely scattered fronts. Only
a year ago our forces celebrated
Army Day by driving the diSorgan-
lied German armies toward the Elbe,
last river before Berlin. Patton's
Third Army was on the rampage,
Clark's Fifth Army was making good
progress in Italy, the main battle for
Okinawa was shaping up and Gen
eral Macarthur was being named to
command the final drive on Tokyo.
Today peace prevails on all fronts
The first flush of victory is past
There will be speeches throughout
the land this Army Day recalling the
triumphS of World War II and ac-
claiming the courage and the sacri-
fees of the men who made the
triumphs possible. That is as it
should be- But beclouding the pic
ture are postwar developments and
postwar uncertainties that cannot
and should not be lost sight of in
today's tributes to the Army. Amer
ica's victorious Army today is but a
skeleton of its wartime self. Too
hasty rehabilitation has reduced
the once formidable conqueror of
our enemies to a mere framework,
scarcely capable of carrying out our
occupational and other international
commitments. The esprit de corps
which marked our combat teams has
disappeared, along with the teams
themselves. Instead there is lower
ing of morale, symptomized by CT
disorders and widespread criticism
OF "castes" and brass"
This is a good day for America to
take stock of its Army and to resolve
not only to halt any further disin-
tegration and Generalization but to
see to it that it is revitalized and
strengthened to meet all our obliga-
tions abroad and all requirements of
national security. Our representa-
tives in Congress have the oppor-
tunity to restore the Army to it's
rightful vigor and substance. In
such vital matters as draft extension
and peacetime military training they
cannot afford to take chances with
the Nations security in so critical a
period of world history. Statesman
ship of a high order is needed If
the Army is to live up to its proud
heritage as potent force for peace.
Evening star., 1946-04-06

troops still at hand for emergencies.
The progressive reduction of the Brit
lsh staffs and British troops will in the
case OF India probably be arranged for
IN advance, so that there will be no
subsequent misunderstanding
But the maintenance of internal order
IN India will be no simple matter, espe-
cially if all factions within the country
are not satisfied with the terms of DO
lltical settlement. The British will not
wish to be drawn into any such internal
troubles. however much they may be
willing to help in maintaining the ex-
ternal security Of India and certainly
the United States will be determined
to avoid any involvement in the inter-
nal difficulties, though we are interest
ed In preventing such disorderly con-
dltlon In India as would make that
great area field for Russian penetra-
ton.
\ X X II
Then there is the problem Of Pales-
tine, rendered more important in the
world strategic picture by the forth
coming slo-Egyptian talks which may
very likely result in complete with
drawal of British troops from Egypt.
IL IAldt ildppeIlS, lIle security OF the
Suez Canal and Of the great middle
eastern air bases, the vital links between
Europe and Asia, must be dependent
on the maintenance of British or Amer
lean air bases and naval bases in Pales-
tine and Cyprus. The political future
OF Cyprus is uncertain. AS for Pales-
tine, the most probable immediate out
come is joint Anglo-American trustee
Ship it begins to look as though the
United States must have some foothold
In the eastern Mediterranean for the
time being, at least, and such trustee
ship offers the most readily available
means of getting one. The presence of
United States forces in this area would
be a stabilizing element in an area
where stabilization is badly needed.
1t is to our interest to extinguish
dangerous sparks, but we must not
expect to be able to extinguish them
just by writing notes or issuing protests.
An active and closely integrated mill
tary and foreign policy is essential, and
the military elements are just as i'm
portant as the political. That fact lies
behind all the present discussion of
military appropriations and the size and
character of our armed forces. We
must realize the size of the job we have
to do in this world, and provide the
necessary tools to do 1t properly.
(copyrisht 1e4e)
Evening star., 1946-04-06

song, that Red armed forces-some TO-
100000 to 15,000000 strong-must re-
main strong to assure Russia's bound
aries and her well-being No mention
is made Of the fact that the security
OF nations in this day and age is sup
posed to be assured by the United Ma
tions, and that there can be no threat
to vast empire like Russia from the
demobilized forces of the United States
and Britain. Other countries don't
count. The former Axis is thoroughly
crushed while Frances military power
no longer exists
RuSsla's border states, all of which
nave been provided with Moscow picked
governments, at the instigation OF the
USSR are following Russia's example
and building themselves strong armies,
although their manpower could be used
10 lar greater advantage in other fields.
The Yugoslav government this week
announced that all its male citizens be-
tween the ages of 20 and As must be-
come part Of the country's armed forces.
The young draftees must serve two
years in the infantry, three years in the
mechanical and air forces and four
years in the navy Thereafter they will
belong to the reserves until they are As
years old. AS reservists they will be
compelled to undergo service in the
forces at least two months every year.
The decree also provides that in the
event of emergency youngsters between
II and l9 are liable to be called for un-
limited duty. Yugoslavia expects to
have standing army of about ! 900 900
men with substantial reserves behind it.
A similar compulsory military system
exists in other Soviet satellite states.
1t is natural that in countries where
there is much more unrest than in
Western Europe and in the Western
Hemisphere, strong forces are needed
to suppress any overt act of rebellion.
Neither the Yugoslav nor Polish govern
ments could remain in power if native
soldiery backed by large Red Army con-
tlngents were not available to keep the
population in check.
But even if We accept the thesis of
these governments that they need much
larger police forces than the western
nations, the number of men in military
service far exceeds the requirements of
domestic order.
Evening star., 1946-04-06
This Changing World
BY Constantine Brown

Gen. MacArthur's speech to the Allied
Council, which met in Tokyo for the
first time Thursday, was intended to be
a worldwide appeal rather than a mere
address of welcome and advice to the
representatives of the other powers
which share the burden of responsibility
for the administration of Japan.
Gen. Macarthur said openly what
many people in America and in
many other peace-loving countries have
been saying of the record; that unless
the world renounces war altogether as
an instrument of national policy, world
peace will remain on shaky foundation
and even the United Nations will not be
able to save it.
Remuneration of war as national pol
icy must, however. not be based on
speeches or treaties. 1t must be based
on the reduction of forces to a mere
military police. The Pact of Paris, in
spired by Secretary of State Kellogg and
adopted with much solemnity and ora
tory of all nations of the world 18 years
ago, Is now dead. Its failure was due
not only to the fact that there was no
forceful augmentation of the docu-
ment to outlaw war, but also to the fact
that the bulk of its signatories con-
sidered 1t as mere wishful thinking, and
crackpot, American-inspired, empty and
impractical theology.
Its authors were aware of the criticism
that the pact must be provided with
military teeth" to bring any future ag-
greSsors to book Their answer was that
unless the nations realized that war
the worst of all crimes-"does not paw"
it would be useless to enforce peace by
war
The United Nations went a step fur
ther and provided the machinery re-
quired by those who believe in keeping
peace by force. At the present time,
the military staff of the United Nations
Is working on plan to organize an in
ternational police force which will be
ready to step in if a peace breaker goes
on the rampage.
But the Iranian question has given
everybody food for thought. American
and British forces are almost entirely
demobilized. So are most of the Western
European armies. Only Russia and her
satellites are still armed to the teeth. All
Moscow broadcasts sing the same theme
Evening star., 1946-04-06
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

NEW YORK, April Cts about time
the Government Of the United States
recognized its responsibilities to the
house-hunting United Nations. The
new world organization for the main
tenance Of peace and the improvement
OF the lot of peoples throughout the
world decided in London to make its
headquarters in this country. Although
the representatives of the United States
adopted hands-of policy while the
U. N. was making a decision, they did,
as officials of this Government, acouiesce
in that decision, and let it be known the
organization would be welcome
Ever since this country was picked as
the site Of the United Nations, the or
ganization has been treated as an un-
welcome guest-and the Federal Gov
ernment has done nothing to offset that
idea or to relieve the situation. It is
true that the General Assembly in Lon
don voted to place the temporary and
permanent sites Of the Headquarters
within the New York area-a most
congested area.
1t is also true that from the start,
the people living within that area
evinced no enthusiasm about the choice.
Indeed, quite the contrary But that
does not relieve the Government OF the
United States from responsibilities to-
ward the organization, responsibilities
which, at least on the surface, it has
up to date ignored
The site chosen-and it had to be se-
lected quickly because the Security
Council was scheduled to meet in the
United States the latter part of March
was Hunter College in the Bronx, a
good 40 minutes from Forty second
street by any mans transportation.
With the expenditure of some $3.50, 900.
the headquarters and meeting hall for
the Council were whipped into shape.
But now it appears that the facilities for
the U. N. are inadequate, and new
site is sought
Members of the Council and Secre-
tary-General Lie have inspected the
Sperry Gyroscope Co plant at Lake
Success. Nassau County, miles from
the heart OF the city on Long Island.
There, as in the Greenwich -Westchester
area, originally picked for the perma- :
nent home of the organization, the pop
ulation is up in arms against a United
Nations incursion. 1t is reported that
the officials of the U. N. have an eve
also on some downtown property, al
Evening star., 1946-04-06

it to be an Iranian problem to be
handled by Iranians alone. If this
means anything, 1t means that Mos
COW has promised to keep hands off,
thus affirming the sovereignty and
territorial integrity of it's small
neighbor. Assuming there is no joker
in this or in the understanding on
oil, the agreement as a whole may
clearly be read as a hopeful sign.
Evening star., 1946-04-06
Letters to The Star
Defends OPA Against NAM
In Housewives Behalf
To the Editor of Tn. Altar.

To the Editor Of The Star:
Free and full competitive production
will cure imitation" says Robert r. Was
son, president of the National Associa-
ton of Manufacturers. He also contends
that the policies of the OPA are the
greatest handicap to full competitive
production" But this latter contention
certainly is not borne out by the Federal
Reserve Board in its last weeks report
that production in the whole economy
is already above the level of any pre-
vious peacetime period"
The National Association of Manufac-
turers argues that keeping profits rs
per cent below 1936-1939 (before taxes)
and figuring profits upon net worth, in
stead of upon volume of sales, destroys
business incentive" But with industry
profits on the average some 400 per cent
above peacetime years and average re-
tail stores profits 1000 per cent higher
than before the war, there would seem
to be plenty of incentive for production.
NAM asserts that to-day this coun-
try has all the labor and materials nee
essary to turn out the things people
want Granting this statement to be
true with possibly the exception of
labor, 1t should be remembered that the
raw materials must be mined and
processed, and the testimony of the oper-
ators OF textile mills and many other
manufacturing plants is one Of contin-
uing labor shortages
In Bernard Baruchs testimony before
the House Banking and Currency Com
mlttee last week he told Mr.. Wasson of
the NAM that he did not know what
he was talking about in advocating an
end to all controls at this moment,
Everybody wants production to increase,
ne said, for in high production there is
the promise Of a sufficient supply Of
goods to satisfy the demand. But the
catch In the production argument
against continuation of controls forced
upon the country by war is the fact that
1t takes considerable time for full pro-
duction to be realized. If all controls
are abolished before full production
comes, prices will rise in correspondence
with continuing shortages of goods. The
able Mr.. Wasson of NAM makes an.
other assertion in his advocacy of abol-
ishing all controls: The free market is
the effort OF every manufacturer to meet
the wishes OF the American housewife to
give her what she wants, and at a price
she thinks fair. This is real price
control"
ITO meet the wishes Of the American
housewife" But just how did the Amer
ican housewife fare at the hands Of the
benevolent manufacturer and merchant
during the imitation period OF 1920?
James P. Rogers. deputy administrator
for OPA, recently gave to a CHS au-
dlence some idea of how the American
housewife will fare should all controls
be removed. Said he: IF ceilings were
removed and prices went up as they did
IN 1920, you would see increases like
these:
With ceilings: Sugar, pounds. IS
cents; bacon, l pound, Al cents; eggs
dozen. so cents; gasoline, gallon, 20 cents
Without ceilings: Sugar, S pounds
sl54; bacon, pound, So cents; eggs
dozen, 81 cents; gasoline, gallon, "a cents
And mans s25 suit would sell for
SIS, $40 apartment would rent for $50 :,
r. L. NEWTON,
Evening star., 1946-04-06

its Allies in its idea for a sundered
Ruhr. Nevertheless, it uses it's veto
power to prevent any general
scheme of postwar reconstruction
unless it's demands are met. Re-
Gently, Premier Gouin has shown
some signs of modifying this un-
compromising attitude, but he has
against him large sections Of French
public opinion. 1t is too early to
say whether a compromise can be
effected between France and its
Allies.
Evening star., 1946-04-06
Russo-Iruniun Pact

Since the United Nations Security
Council has formally accepted Soviet
assurances on the subject, official
reaction to the newly announced
RuSsian-1ranian agreement presum-
ably must be that the concessions
involved have not been Influenced by
the fact that Red Army forces are
still in Iran. Such an agreement
has been in the making for some
weeks; if it comes as surprise at
all, it does so chiefly in the sense of
timing, having been signed within
a matter of hours after the Council
had shelved the Iranian case at least
until May 6.
Taken at face value, on the basis
Of the brief Teheran communique,
the agreement seems generally en-
couraging, though final judgment
must be reserved until it is imple-
mented and revealed in detail It's
main provisions are Cd commit
ment by Russia confirming it's assur-
ances to the Security Council on the
complete and unconditional with
drawal of troops by May 6; (2) a
commitment by both countries to
form a joint oil company whose
terms are to be subject to approval
by the 1ranian Parliament within
the next seven months, and 60
Soviet commitment to recognize the
problem of Azerbaijan as an internal
affair to be worked out by peaceful
arrangements, Gin accordance with
existing laws" between the govern
ment of Iran and the people of the
province.
Under the laws of Iran, oil conces-
sions cannot be made while foreign
troops are on Iranian soil, but the
official Teheran view is that the new
agreement, even though the Red
Army is still in the country, is legal
because it involves merely an under
standing in principle whose details
must be worked out and which will
come up for parliamentary action
months after the Russian troops
have been withdrawn In any case,
as far as the rest of the world is
concerned. there can be no strong
objection to this part of the agree
ment if it proves to be commercial,
nonpolitical arrangement. Authori-
tatve British and American sources
seem agreed on this point.
From the political standpoint, per-
haps the most significant and most
reaSsuring part of the agreement is
that having to do with Azerbaiian.
In the past there have been strong
indications of a Soviet effort to de-
tache this important province from
Iran and eventually absorb it. Now,
however, Russia specifically declares
Evening star., 1946-04-06
Or Consult the CoIumnists!

From the st. Louis Post Dispatch.
Members of the Thirty-sixth Division
are criticizing Gen. Mark w. Clark for
the Rapido River crossing. It seems the
General didn't take Z vote on 1t.
Evening star., 1946-04-06
Lenin's Precept Quoted

To the Editor Of The Star:
I have just been reading the passion
ate letter of Charles Holober in The
Evening Star for April 2, and while
wondering how people got that way, it
occurred to me that it might be a good
thing to publish more widely a quota
ton from ukase of Lenin, issued on
November 8, 1917, which was the day
following the establishment of the
Soviet government in Russia.
1t reads as follows IF a small or
weak nation is not accorded the right
to decide the form of its political ex-
istence by free vote-implying the
complete withdrawal of the troops of the
Incorporating or merely strong nation
then the incorporation is an annexation,
lie, an arbitrary appropriation of a
foreign country, an act of violence"
If the present rulers of the Soviet
Union would follow the teachings of
their great guide and preceptor, there
would be no cause for anxiety at the
headquarters of the U. NJ, or any reason
for such partisan outbursts as that
which suggested this letter. j. r. K.
Evening star., 1946-04-06
Comment on Pressure

To the Editor Of The Star:
The recent charge by the official head
OF church concerning another
churchs exerting pressure on newspa-
pers, the radio, etc, places these agen-
cies in the role of appeasers, therefore
co-conspirators. J.F. WELLS.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-07-30

outstanding cast headed by Bruce Cabot, Esther Dale, Roy Roberts and J. Farrell Mcdonald.
 The co-hit on this big program is Tt Shouldn't Happen to a Dog" with Carole Landis and Allyn Jos lyn.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-07-30
POLL

The Beautiful Technicolor hit Easy To Wed" starring Van John- son, Americas number One Idol Esther Williams beauty in Water and Lovely Lucille Ball and not for getting Keenan Wynn, who does a great deal of good comedy, and all of Waterbury come out cheering his comedy bits. This program ends tonite, and the co-hit on this thrill ling Technicolor Musical is Dark Alibi" with Sidney Toler as Charlie Chan. If you haven't seen this thrilling Musical show make plans now as today is the last day.
 Starting tomorrow the Thrilling Technicolor Elimination of Will James Smoky" opens it's beautiful story at the LoeW Poli The Film stars Fred MacMurray with Anne Baxter and introduces famed ballad singer, Burl Ives, in his first mo- ton picture appearance. Produced by Robert Bassler and directed by Louis King-the same team that brought the unforgettable "Flicka" pictures to the screen is a magnifi- cent story of the West today, told in the great tradition of the West of old. Will James, author of the novel was himself cowhand and he wrote of the people he knew and loved. His thrilling tale of man who lived great adventure and of a woman who shared his heart so stirred the imagination of people everywhere that the book was published in 32 editions and in
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-07-30

HOLLYWOOD, July 30 - Being among those present one day about two years ago when Marlene Die trich avoWed her intention to escape from screen roles that make capital of her famous legs, offered her small wager T think know Hol- lywood producers" said, and if I do, they'll trade on your legs as long as you have one to stand on. I'll bet you a pair of postwar ny Ions that I'm right"
 I thought for few moments yes terday that I'd have to go nylon shopping. In my mail was a publici- ty story from Paramount, announc- ing that Miss Dietrich, co-starring as a gypsy girl with Ray Milland in The Golden Earrings" would wear seven petticoats with each of her seven costumes. Then, just. in the nick of time to save my self esteem as a propht-also the price of the nylons-came the revealing last par agraph. Marlene's gams will not be lost to her admiring public, for the script writers have deftly worked in
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-07-30
JIMMIE FIDLER h HoHywood
Distributed by McNauKht Syndicate. Inc

a number of sequences which show her changing the aforementioned petticoatS, the final one of which will be as thon and transparent as the Johnston Office will permit.
 Honestly, I wouldn't have deplored the need to buy pair of nylons. I'm not that small. But the psy- chological shock of finding that some producer was actually capable of throwing precedent overheard and letting Marlene step out of her leggy rut, would have been a serious matter I'd have been left in the dithery, uncertain condition of a man to whom it's been proved that the sun rises in the west and that two plus two equal 181.
 Trade papers report that Cecil B. DeMille, the old maestro of screen bathing, is in hot water with his current bathtub sequence. The script of 'Unconquered' calls for Paulette Goddard to perform her all-oyer ablutlons in barrel, but the John ston Office mixers have ruled noth- ing unless a veil of foamy bubble bath suds is used to cover up" the glamorous mermaid. And that leaves DeMllle, always a stickler for au- thentlelty, at a loss, since all of his experts are agreed that bubble bath powder was not in existence on the American frontier in the 1760's. Just as suggestion (and no reflection intended on Miss Goddard's charms, why wouldn't it be a good idea to wash out the entire scene?
 News that swarm of honey bees was sucked into the ventilating svs- tenn of a Universal sound stage. and that the bees, being considerably up- set by the experience, buzzed about the set stinging David Niven and other members of a picture cast. seems to offer new twist on the commonplace. Judging from com- plants I've heard, it's the patrons Tn the theater, rather than the &C., tors in the studio, who usually get Stung.
 can't be too sure about Martha VlekerSz screen future, but she ap- pears to have excellent prospects as Hollywood wit. According to the chuekle-provoking tale now making the rounds at Warner Brothers, Studio Czar Jack Warner was con- blaming in her hearing anent the fact that an ultra-deluxe car which he ordered last November has not Yes been delivered. Said Miss Wick CTS: T can appreciate your disap- pointment, but I'm in much the same boat. I've made four pictures for
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-07-30

From Paramount publicity dis patch: Now playing a groWn-Up newspaper reporter in Danger Street for Pine-Thomas Produc- tions, Jane Withars says she would like to make another picture with Shirley Temple There's one that any Hollywood old-timer, who re- members one of the deadliest feuds that ever flourished in these here hills is going to have a tough time swallowing. If it has actually hap pned that the Witherses have So far overcome the spirit of mayhem which used to animate them at the mention of the Temples, then it's time for hallelujahs, for there's eYi- ednee that all qu1rrels can be re- eonciled. The international situa- ton oughta be a cinch!