Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-10-24

I'll AUuIGSS IL L
tiently for peace by every means
consistent with .self-respect and Sc
curity. Another world war would
shatter the hopes of mankind and
completely destroy civilization as we
know it.
No Nation Wants War.
I am sure that every delegate in
this hall will join me In rejecting
talk Of war. No nation wants war.
Every nation needs peace.
To avoid war and rumors and
danger of war the peoples OF all
countries must not only cherish
peace as an ideal but they must
develop means of settling conflicts
between nations in accordance with
principles of law and justice.
The difficulty is that 1t Is easter
to get people to agree upon peace
as an ideal than to agree upon prin-
ciples of law and justice or to agree
to subject their own acts to the col
lective Judgment of mankind.
But difficult as the task may be,
the path along which agreement
may be sought, with hope Of sue
cess, is clearly defined.
In the first place, every member
of the United Nations is legally and
morally bound by the Charter to
keep the peace. More specifically,
every member is bound to refrain in
its international relations from the
threat, or use, Of force against the
territorial integrity or political in
dependence of any state.
In the second place, remind you
that % members of the United
Nations have bound themselves by
the Charter of the Nuremberg Tri-
bunal to the principle that planning,
initiating or waging war of ag-
gression is crime against human
ity for which individuals as well as
states shall be tried before the bar
of international justice.
The basic principles upon which
we are agreed 60 far, but not far
enough, in removing fear of war
from the world. There must be
agreement upon positive, con-
structive course Of action as well.
Justice for All.
The peoples of the world know
that there can be no real peace
unless it Is peace with justice for
all-justice for small nations and
for large nations and justice for in
dividuals without distinction as to
race, creed or color-a peace that
will advance, not retard, the attain
ment of the four freedoms.
We shall attain freedom from fear
when every act of every nation, in
it's dealings with every other nation,
brings closer to realization the other
freedoms-freedom of speech, free
dom religion, and freedom from
want. Along this path we can find
justice for all, without distinction
between the strong and the weak
among nations, and without dis
elimination among individuals.
After the peace has been made,
I am convinced that the United
Nations can and will prevent war
between nations and remove the
fear of war that distracts the peoples
Of the world and interferes with
their progress toward q better life.
The war has left many parts of
the world in turmoil. Differences
have arisen among the Allies. 1t will
not help us to pretend that this is
not the case. But it is not necessary
to exaggerate the differences.
For my part, believe there is no
difference of interest that need
stand in the way of settling these
problems and settling them in ac-
cordance with the principles OF the
United Nations Charter. Above all,
we must not permit differences in
economic and social systems to
stand in the way of peace, either
now or in the future. To permit the
United Nations to be broken into
irreconcilable parts by different
political philosophers would bring
disaster to the world.
Germany and Japan.
So far as Germany and Japan are
concerned, the United States Is re-
solved that neither shall again be-
come a cause for war. We shall
continue to seek agreement upon
peace terms which insure that both
Germany and Japan remain dis
armed, that Nad influence in Ger
many be destroyed and that the
power of the war lords in Japan be
eliminated forever.
The United States will continue to
seek settlements arising from the
war that are just to all states, large
and small, that uphold the human
rights and fundamental freedoms to
which the Charter pledges all its
members, and that do not contain
the seeds of new conflicts.
A peace between the nations based
on justice will make possible an
early improvement in living condi-
lions throughout the world and a
quick recovery from the ravages Of
war. The world is crying for a just
and durable peace with an intensity
that must force its attainment at
the earliest possible date.
If the members of the United
Nations are to act together to re-
move the fear Of war, the first re-
quirement is for the Allied nations
to reach agreement on the peace
settlements.
Propaganda that promotes dis
trust and misunderstanding among
the Allies will not help U.s. Agree
ments designed to remove the fear