davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-07-01

of great power capable of playing
highly significant part in main
tanning world peace, and it is these
potentials that American policy is
seeking to develop. To this end, as
Mr.. Acheson has just emphasized,
we are not supporting any particu-
lar military group or any one party
to the exclusion of other parties,
although naturally we recognize the
established government. Acting as
President Truman's special envoy,
General MarShall-WhOse success up
to now has been striking, despite
occasional Setbacks-is over there to
put definite end to the threat of
civil war by bringing together the
Chinese Communists and Generals
Simo Chiang's Nationalist forces and
to work with them toward the for
nation of political structure dem
ocratically representative of all ele-
mentS He is over there, too, to work
with them in effectuating their Feb
ruary agreement to merge their
armies into single, efficient mill
tary establishment under central
control-an objective still in need of
implementing legislation long pend
ing in Congress.
In sum, the whole purpose of our
policy is to do everything possible
to help bring into being healthy,
undivided, democratic and prosper
ing China. This is not a matter of
mere altruiSm, of course; it is
matter of enlightened self interest.
Evening star., 1946-07-01
But Suppose He Had Gone?
On the right-hand page the COL

On the rlght-hand page the col
umniSt, Harold L. Ickes, finds his
cheerful thought for the day in stern
rebuke to the President for not 60
ing to Manila for the Philippine in
dependence ceremonies July 4. The.
Star suggests consideration of the
tone of columnist and editorial COM
ment if the President had gone to
Manila. 1t would run something like
this: So the President, of all times,
has chosen this particular time to
leave his job and go chasing to the
other side of the world on junket
to the Philippine Islands! With the
country left in chaos by the death of
price control, he has deserted his
post, taking with him a group of
MiSSourianS (at enormous expense to
the taxpayers to strut in front of
crowd of Filipinos when he should
be here minding his business What
do the American people pay him to
do, anyway? Do they pay him to
make speeches to the Filipinos, or to
stay here and give some needed
leadership to Congress? George
Washington never found it neces-
sary to 60 to Manila Neither did
Abraham Lincoln. What right has
the President to risk his life in fly
ing in an airplane over the deep
water? No wonder we are in such
terrible shape, when the Chief Exec
utive goes traipsing out to Manila
in our hour of peril. How long are
we going to stand for this sort of
thing? Huh?
Our President, it seems, unlike the
Kings Of old, can do no right.
Evening star., 1946-07-01
Thorny Trieste

In viewing the thorny problem of
Trieste, observers are apt to lose
sight of the forest for the trees. In
other words, we are prone to con-
centrate our attention on controver-
sial details and overlook underlying
factors of which those details are
merely symptomatic. But the Trieste
problem must be solved with due
regard for basic factors if it is not
to remain chronic source of in
ternational friction and trouble.
The first basic factor is that, while
Trieste is overwhelmingly Italian in
population, the hill country imme-
diately behind is predominantly
Yugoslav in blood. Furthermore,
that is the situation throughout the
province of Venezia Giulia, whereof
Trieste is the capital and metropolis.
Everywhere in this disputed area
the SeacOast is Italian and likewise
the towns inland, whereas the in
land peasantry is almost solidly
Slavonic. Since the coastal loWlands
are usually narrow strips backed by
steep hills or mountains, some high
country must be included in what
ever may 60 to Italy. and with that
minority of Yugoslavs. The only
difference between the three from
tier lines suggested by the Ameri-
cans, British and French, respec
lively is in the relative size of this
Yugoslav minority while allowing
most of the Italians to remain with
their motherland. The YugoslavS,
however, demand the whole prov
ince, irrespective of Italian national
istic claims, and in this, of course,
they are strongly backed by Soviet
Russia.
Another basic factor is that, from
the strictly economic viewpoint,
Trieste is not vital to either Italy
or Yugoslavia. Its real function is
as the natural outlet for the trade
Of South Central Europe. II there
Evening star., 1946-07-01

under Field Marshal Montgomery.
Although the majority of the Polish
guests were connected with the present
government in one way or another.
they could not restrain their enthusiasm
when they saw pictures of their COM
patriots who were fighting under the
old Polish flag on the side of the western
allies
the incident, OF course, was reported
TO the principal authorities in Warsaw
and Moscow and Lord Bentinck was
warned that such shows might become
detrimental to the good relations be-
tween the two governments.
Because some of the speeches which
would have been made at the Fourth of
July celebration might not have been
to the taste OF the present Polish govern
ment the authorities decided to ban
the Societys function altogether.
The other reason for the ban was not
given officially but expressed in articles
OF the government-controlled press
According to these organs, the Polish
government considered the warm recep-
ton accorded in America to Gen.
Thadeusz Komorowski Gen. Bor) as
provocat1on in the part of the American
Government.
Although Gen Bor is now ra nked with
other national heroes of Poland because
he fought the Germans single handed
for 63 days in Warsaw, he is considered
by the present Polish government as a
traitor and Nazi collaborationist The
fact that while in Washington he was
given luncheon by members of Con-
gress and was allowed to place wreath
at the Tomb Of the Unknown Soldier
has been interpreted by Premier Beirut
as slap at the officially recognized
Polish regime
Under these conditions the Warsaw
administration does not desire to permit
any unofhcial demonstrations of Ameri-
can-Polish friendship which was estab-
llshed in the days when this country
was fighting for its own independence.
Ambassador Lane will of course be
1ree to hold a celebrate on our
national holiday in the American EN-
bassy. But whether any members OF
the Polish Friends of America will be
able to attend is a different matter.
Under the existing conditions in Poland
it NAV not be healthy for anyone but
the specially designated government
officials to enter the embassy
Evening star., 1946-07-01
Our Policy in Chino

Acting Secretary of State Acheson
has given an effective answer to
the recent outpouring of criticism
against the role being played by the
United States in China. Some of
the criticism has been voiced in
Congress, but it has come mainly
from the Chinese Communists and
from extreme rightists in the
Kuomintang, its burden being that
we are engaged in a mysterious and
suspect game and that we ought to
withdraw our forces forthwith. Mr..
Acheson, however, has restated the
facts of the case so clearly that all
such talk in the future must be re-
garded as deliberate distortion, in
excusable on the grounds of ignor-
ance.
The truth is that our policy in
China is anything but mysterious or
sinister Based on our traditionally
strong friendship with that sorely
tried country, its purpose. in an i'm
mediate sense, is to help the Chinese
people rid themselves of the effects
of their long and devastating strug-
gle against Japan. Beyond that,
looking toward the long future, its
primary objective is to unity them
on a democratic basis and to do all
that reasonably can be done to pro-
mote their economic betterment,
industrially and agriculturally, and
to encourage their development into
a strong nation equipped to take
care of themselves internally and to
discharge their international re-
sponsibilities, particularly as a sta
bilizing influence in Asia.
Although one of the Big Five
members of the United Nations,
China today is weak and faction
ridden. But its potentials are those
Evening star., 1946-07-01

A number of topics involved In the
news of the last few DAYS are interre-
lated.
Leo Hochstetter, American member
OF the UNRRA mission to Yugoslavia
and director of its Office Of public in
formation, has been ordered sent back
to Washington by the Russian chief of
the mission Col. Mihail Sergeichik, be-
cause of his disagreement with his
Russian chief over the censorship of
UNRRA news releases
Reuben Markham the correspondent
OF The Christian Science Monitor in
Romanla. has been expelled under
orders of The Russian commander, Col
Gen. I. z, Susaikov.
And representatives in Congress have
warned that they will seek to amend
the bill appropriating funds for the
second installment of UNRRA relief so
to bar American funds from countries
where United States newsmen are
denied access to facts about the distri-
button of UNRRA relief.
The case of Mr.. Markham is especially
interesting, and his expulsion particu-
larly damaging to Russian prestige
and, If I may say so. to confidence
basic policy of the Christian Science
Monitor. arising from Christian Science
religious tenets, always to emphasize
the favorable and constructive elements
in any situa alton In the case of Russia
and particularly in the reports of Mr..
Markham, which / have read care
fully as they came out, this has been
obvious and notable.
Mr.. Markham has done. I think. the
fairest and most objective reporting
from any Russian occupied area He
has been meticulous about details, fig-
ures and places sometimes almost to
the point of boredom as far as the
average reader is concerned. 1t has
been clear to any one following him
closely that wherever he could find
something good to report. or wherever
he could truthfully correct hearSay dam
aging to the Russians. he has gone out
of his way to do so. If therefore. Mr.
Markham and the Christian Science
Monitor cannot operate in Russian and
Russian occupied territory. the burden
Is on the Russians to prove that any
honest newspaper or reporter can.
Mr.. Hochstetter. by profession jour-
nalist also. has defended himself, and
stated why he came into conflict with
the Russian UNRRA chief in Belgrade.
He claims that all press releases from
UNRRA in Yugoslavia had to pass Col
Sergeichik and that UNRRA's regional
officers had complained that. as a re-
suit of censorship. the Yugoslav people
do not know that UNRRA material is
brought free into the country that the
Evening star., 1946-07-01
SeleCtive Sales Resistance
Bp Raym ond MoIey

In some respects show business Is a
sensitive barometer of economic trends.
1t is well, therefore, that the buying
and selling public take a look at what
Is happening in the entertainment
world. They will find a decreasing ten
dency among people to throw money
away on mediocre products. And that is
a good omen for future stability and
real prosperity.
Variety which Is fearless and WELL
edited weekly chronicle of the show
world, tells us by news and comment
that the public is neglecting, more and
more. what is called luxury entertain
ment This means such things as ex-
pensive floor shows and prize fights
The Louis-Conn fight provided an ex-
cellent example Prices were SO high
that even a spot in the bleachers was a
luxury. Wealthy sportsmen filled the
ringside. but the grandstand middle
class stayed away by the thousands.
Only half as many attended as were
present in 1927 at Chicago to see Demp-
sey and Tunney Variety says there
will be no more 500 fights.
Variety, moreover. reports a big exo-
dus of lush radio programs. Programs
which were sponsored by all manner of
business at immense expense are out in
the cold. There may be some restora-
ton of sponsorship when the OPA and
other uncertainties are clarified, but
the best opinion is that sponsors will
never again put fortunes into air shows
This is due. in part, to tax problems.
Current cancellations of programs are
also due, according to entertainment ex-
perts, to the fact that the public is get
ting tired of hearing about products
which 1t cannot buy.
On the other hand, the movies and
legitimate theaters are doing better
than last year. They are maintaining
themselves, despite more automobile
recreation and unprecedented attend
ance at professional baseball. Past
history tells us that the run-of the
mill show business is always the first
to feel returning prosperity and is the
last to feel depression. That was true
OF 1880 and after.
The stiffening resistance to the ex.
Evening star., 1946-07-01
Futile Fires
Prom the Detroit Free Press.

From the Detroit Free Press.
BY ukase Of the Allied Control Au-
thority all German memorials relating
to Germany's past two wars are to be
destroyed along with all the country's s
Fascist and militaristic literature.
Apart from making the Allied Con-
troll Authority look exceedingly foolish,
there probably is no great harm in the
project. Neither is there any good.
Even II the books could all be de-
stroyed-which they can't be-the cul-
ture and the outlook that made them
acceptable to the people Of Germany
would remain. A state of mind cannot
be eradicated by merely doing away
with the things symbolizing it.
The Nazis had their own book burn
ings-incidentally, just Is years ago this
week-but the honf1res didn't make a
Nazi OF any one not already Nazi-
minded
Evening star., 1946-07-01
This Changing World
By Constantine Bropu

While last weeks Big Four debates at
Paris developed without dramatic name
calling outbursts, the Soviet and satellite
press and radio intensified their anti
American and anti-British propaganda
Some OF the Moscow sponsored gov
ernments added to the campaign by TAX
ing actions which they knew would ir-
rltate the United States Reuben H.
Markham. veteran correspondent of the
Christian Science Monitor, was expelled
by the Romanian government under a
hlmsy pretext because he attempted to
give the world nearly true" picture
OF conditions in that country.
The Polish government did its bit by
prohibiting Fourth of July celebration
IN Warsaw. An organization known as
+. the Polish Friends of America was Gre
ated some time ago in that city. It's
president is the Minister of Labor Jan
Stanczyk, a former member OF the Polish
sovernment-in-exil who was included
in the Beirut cabinet in keeping with the
Yalta agreements.
The organization is composed chiefly
OF Poles who lived in this country during
the war and have Endorsed the present
national government. On the whole it
Is an lnnocuous society whose scope is
TO maintain as best it can the ties be-
tween the Poland as it is today and
Americans Of Polish extraction. The
names OF KoSciusko and Pulaski who
fought for the United States, and Wood
row Wilson, who helped recreate Poland
after the First World War are in the
forefront at every meeting of the society
The Polish Friends OF America decided
to hold Fourth of July celebration this
year and our ambassador, Arthur Bliss
Lane, accepted the invitation to be the
principal speaker. A hall was hired for
the purpose and several hundred invita-
tions had been issued when the Polish
government banned the meeting so as
not to rouse public feelings.
The Polish government explained that
some time ago the British ambassador
CaVendiSh Bentinck, privately showed a
film entitled Time of Glory" 1t was
an official British film dealing with the
invasion OF Italy and Western Europe
by the Allied forces and since it was
historical picture it had to portray the
part played by the Polish troops under
Gen Anders in Italy and the activities
of the Polish army corps which fought
Evening star., 1946-07-01
Minds Vacation

Let us together climb to far green hill
tops
That rise composed and lofty In The
mind.
Let us no,n hand in hand tor one bri-f
hour
Ledpe the dark chin OF Iotnond- too
behind.
There'H be clear. clear pathpnv Lead
ing np1Ddrd
Starred NTH blue chickorv and futeh
song;
glistening stream ,pill gipe US silper
music:
Somehow. the blessed hour piH make
us strong.
0 lucky are the hearts that haze such
hilltops,
And pery lucky are the minds that
kno,U
The 1ooy to take such frequent Glad
pdcdtions
And leare the stinoing hurts so Jar
beloH.
< ROSE MYRA PHILLIPS,
Evening star., 1946-07-01
The Thinq at Bikini

In the long and seemingly endless
minutes before the bomb went off
over Bikini yesterday radio listeners
around the world could not escape
being put on edge by the things
they heard. 1t was as if the infinity
OF space had suddenly been invaded
by a host of giggling devils, as if
the music of the spheres had turned
all at once into cosmic laughter, as
If the voice of man had been seized
by some crazy wraiths intent upon
amusing themselves, intent upon
making everything sound like Don
aid Duck trapped in an evilly en-
chanted wilderness and crying out,
over and over again, do you hear
the metronome? do you hear
the metronOme? ="
Coming after such an unearthly
prologue, the unleashing of the bomb
itself could hardly help but be bit
of an anticlimaX. The sound of the
explosion was silenced by the chaotic
noises of the universe There were
no tidal waves, the earth was not
rocked, no person and no thing, ac-
cording to first reports, were va
porized or disintegrated. The
Nevada still stood upright To be
sure. couple of transports were
sunk, destroyer was capsized and
numerous other big and little ships
were set af1ame But this was some
thing less than doomsday. less than
total destruction, less than the lurid
possibilities that had been forecast
by some people. So there was
general let-down after the show was
over; the harnessed atom did not
seem to live up to its advance no.
tices; despite the awesome, miles
high radioactive cloud, the wide
spread reaction was pretty much like
that of the Russian observer who
shrugged and said, Not so much"
Nothing, however, could be as
foolish as to suppose now that the
atomic bomb-because it did not live
up to all the fantastic things said
of it-has somehow been greatly
reduced in Importance at Bikini
We have heard only the first reports
so far, and although they may not
be unusually spectacular, they are
impressive enough. We shall have
to wait days, perhaps weeks, for an
authoritative analysis. We shall
have to wait until the second phase
of the test-a shallow subsurface
burst lis completed before we
draw conclusions And even then
the conclusions will have to be
qualified until the deep underwater
test is tried next year-the test
which many scientists maintain to
be the only one that can give US a
genuine measure of naval power
versus the power of the atom.
Meanwhile, whatever is finally
proved in this respect, all of us
would be we'll advised to remember,
AS the United States Strategic Bomb
ing Survey has just reported. that
Hiroshima and Nagasaki demon
strated beyond questioning that
this new weapon is by far the dead
1iest ever developed by man and that
unless he controls it adequately he
will be toying literally with the sui
eide of himself and his civilization.
If the world forgets that, the devils
giggling in space yesterday will have
won terrible victory.
Evening star., 1946-07-01
Child Welfare Crisis

lie Welfare on the serious congestion
prevailing in welfare institutions,
Welfare Director Huff summarized
the problem succinctly when he
stated: There are two laws which
compel the board to act. One is the
substantive law which requires the
board to do much; the second is the
appropriation law which permits it
to do little" The substantive law,
as matter of fact, is so broad that
the board has little or no leeway in
seeking to keep it's Workload within
the limits of available funds and
available facilities.
To cite just one provision of the
several laws which impose wide and
heavy responsibilities upon the
board, there is this excerpt from
Public Law 397, of January IL, 1912:
THE Board shall investigate the cir
cumstances affecting children hand
icapped by dependency, neglect or
mental defects, or who may be in
danger of becoming delinquent, and
to provide such services for the pro-
lection and care of such children as
will assist in conserving satisfactory
home life" Under that provision
the board is charged with rendering
protection and care" to children
who may not actually be delinquent,
but whose parents or legal custo-
dians fear that they may become so.
The board in the past has taken a
liberal view of its obligations under
the act. This sympathetic attitude,
plus the fact that Washington's pop
ulation has been growing by leaps
and bounds, has led to overcroWded
conditions which prompted urgent
appeals to Congress for enlarged
facilities and staffs.
But, as Mr.. Huff put it in his re-
port, the hope which he and his
associates have held for reasonably
early relief was blasted by the cut
of substantial sums" from the ap-
preparation bill. Receiving Home
improvements cannot be expected
inside of eighteen months and new
construction needed for other well
fare institutions cannot be looked
for within a much longer period.
Meanwhile, heads OF the badly con-
gested buildings continue to plead
for help in the form of more space,
more employees, more equipment.
1t is against this depressing back
ground that Mr. Huff's startling rec
ommendation for an arbitrary re-
duction in welfare wards must be
read. AS things now stand, he con-
tends, the children are not receiving
decent" care. Some may actually
be worse off than if they had not
been taken over by the board BY
reducing the load to safe and SEN
sible limits, he says, the majority
will be afforded proper attention.
Perhaps the corporation counsel,
to whom the board has turned for
advice as to the legality of the re-
duction program, will find that the
law does not permit rejection of any
child-even those brought to the
board by their parents as potential
delinquents. The effort to redis-
tribute the load with the help of
private agencies nevertheless should
be made, because the situation now
is disgraceful and tragic one in
deed. What seems to be urgently
needed is a fuller understanding by
the public and by Congress of the
tasks to which the Welfare Board
has been committed by law, with a
view to seeing that adequate facili-
ties for fulfilling those tasks are
provided as required.
Evening star., 1946-07-01
Even in FIuqs
Prom .he Milwaukee Journal

Prom The Milwaukee journal
sad commentary on the times: An
American Legion post in New Haven,
Conn. was unable to get flags to decorate
hero graves on Memorial Day because
the veterans wouldn't pay black market
prices for the only available supply.
More power to that kind of American
spirit! And we could hope that at least
that black marketeer ends by seeing
stars and wearing stripes of another sort
Henderson daily dispatch., 1946-06-12

pillow cases, towels, wash cloths and
other camping items regardc< as nee
essary on such an eXpedltiu'. Al
applicants for camp are required tC
have an examination by a medica
doctor within tive weeks before
leaving for camp; DR.. A. d. Gregg
county health doctor, will perform
this service for the scouts or they
may see their family physician
Among the activities to be offerec
at Crabtrccc will be swimming, boat
ing. hiking, cooking, archery, craft
and nature study
For the colored Girl Scouts a
camp has been set up at Whisper, Q
Pines, near Raleigh, and IS girls
from the Henderson Troop No. 4
have alrea dy registered for the
camping session Of June % through
July 5. This troops is not quite {;
year old and this is the first time
the girls have had an opportunity o.
going to a Girl scout camp. Thei
program will be similar to that OF
the girls at Crabtree and they toe
are expected to have a health Ger
tiflcate before going to camp,