davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-07-27
This Changing World
By Constantine Brovn

II Russia intends to insist on preserva-
ton OF national sovereignty and the veto
principle in any set-up for atomic energy
control, as Andrei Gromyko informed
the Atomic Energy Commission WedneS-
Gay, the chances of arriving at an
effective plan for atom control are re-
moved from the realm of probability
and the world can settle down to await
the results of the atomic armanents
race which will inevitably result.
The brusque rejection of the Baruch
compromise plan by Russias represent
ative in the commission was received
with considerable chagrin in official
circles, which had expected Russia to
show herself a bit more tractable in
the negotiation of the system under
which mankinds greatest menace can
be effectively controlled.
AS far as the San Francisco con-
ference is concerned in Mr.. Gromyko's
remarks, Russia is on unassailable
ground in her insistence on absolute
sovereignty and the veto power. Much
debate ragged at San Francisco on both
those points, and on Russa's insistence
the veto was inserted in the U. N.
charter and national sovereignty was
iCopCSlCO.
The San Francisco conference was
held, of course, in the era before atomic
bombs dealt the last stunning blows to
Japan, and near the expiration of an
age in which unimpaired national soy
ereignty was possible. The principle of
the veto power, on which Russia in
sists SO stoutly, also was compatible
with the preatomic era of world re-
lations
Neither of these principles has any
relationship to reality in these days in
which the whole conception of inter-
national relations is being made over
under the urgency of finding some
means of putting a close curb on the
one force which could put the coup de
grace to Goth century civilization as
it did to Nagasaki and Hiroshima.
Russia may sincerely desire eventual
atomic controls, but she does not want
them until she herself has the bomb
Evening star., 1946-07-27
Not the Big Show
By George Fielding Eioi

lia-and Of Russian troops from Bull
garia. The Russian troops in Hungary
and Romania will be considered, one
may presume as guarding lines of
communication" for the Russian forces
of occupation in Austria. Austria is not
to be discussed at the forthcoming
conference, due to Russian objections.
That these objections are related to the
fact that peace with Austria would mean
Russian military evacuation not only of
Austria, but of Romania and Hungary
as well, seems rather strongly suggested.
How do these shifts affect the imme-
diate military situation in Europe? On
balance, they seem favorable to the
Russians. The departure of the 21A
American and British divisions which
have been guarding the Venezia Giulia
frontier leaves a weak war-shattered
Italy facing the diversified, truculent
Yugoslav army of Marshal Tito. 1t is
possible that the subject of Yugoslav
demobilization to reasonable peace
establishment may be discussed at the
conference. 1t should be. For it affects
also the other military change that is
evacuation of Bulgaria.
q y
This may be considered as easing
somewhat the immediate pressure on
Greece. 1t is almost certain to be fol-
lowed by Russian hints that the time
has come for the British to remove their
remaining troops from Greece. But the
huge army of Marshal Tito remains as
a threat on Greece's northern frontier.
and so does the Russian-supplied army
of Albania.
Now, to all this, the question of Aus
tria is the real key, because if peace
can be made with Austria, the Russians
must withdraw, and their lines of COM
munication through Romania and Hun
gary then afford them no further
reason for keeping occupation troops
in those countries. Marshal Tito will
not feel as comfortable, looking at his
long seacoast, as he does now with
solid Russian support right at his back.
But we shall not get this far at Paris,
because Austria is not on the agenda
of the conference. We shall establish
only marginal gains, if any. And in
the larger sense, we shall not really be
dealing with the major problem of
European settlement, because Germany
is not on the agenda. If We do not
begin by expecting too much, we may
not be too disappointed at the size of
the end product.
(Herald Tribune syndicate)
Evening star., 1946-07-27
Letters to The Star
Reviews Story of the Education
Of William Writ

To the Editor Of The Star:
I always enjoy John Clagett Proctor's
writings in The Sunday Star, but last
Sunday he made a mistake that as
president of the Montgomery County
without contradiction.
He said that William Writ was edu-
Gated in Washington and Virginia. How
ever, letter from William Writ states:
In 1893 I was removed from the gram
mar school OF Mr. Dent in Charles Coun-
ty to that OF the Rev. James Hunt, the
Presbyterian minister, in Montgomery
County, whom I have already men
toned. I was put to board with Major
Samuel Wade Magruder, a substantial
planter, who lived about two miles from
Mr. Hunt"
In Kennedy's Memoirs of William
Writ. VOL l, PIP. AZ. it is explained:
Writ remained in Mr.. Hunts school in
Montgomery County until it was broken
up in 1887 Twenty months was then
spent in the home of Ben. Edwards of
Montgomery as tutor. opp So He
went to Georgia in the end of the year
of 1889. He returned the following spring
to Maryland. (pp. $50
He now took up his abode at Mont
gomery County Court House and en-
tered upon the study of law with Will
liam P. Hunt, the son of his former
preceptor. In this position he remained
about year and then, for the first time,
went to reside in Culpeper County, Vir-
ginia, and was admitted to the bar and
afterwards became Attorney General"
On April 6, 1926, Thomas jefferson
invited Mr.. Writ to accept the presi-
dency of the University of Virginia at
salary of ST 500 yearly and to open
school Of law but he put into the res
olution that 1t would be null and void if
Mr.. Writ did not accept Mr.. Writ
declined for "the labors of his pro-
feSsion"
On September %, 1926, a convention
nominated him candidate for the Pres
ident of the United States. On the eve
Of receiving the word from the conven-
ton he wrote thanks and accepted but
said he looked at it with more dread
than desire on account of the great re-
sponsibility" and later he withdrew his
name. He died February 18, 1884.
Attorney General Writ was only one
of the great jurists Mr. Hunt educated
His school was Tusculum, near the
Baptist Home for Children on Cedar
lane, road dating back to l748, run
ming from Captain Johns meeting
house (Potomac) to Bladensburg. The
name of the road now has been changed
to Green Tree road. AS historian, l
think the change regrettable
Pardon this letter, but Montgomery
County must claim the education of this
distinguished jurist
LILLY c. STONE.
Evening star., 1946-07-27

secret, will not be at the mercy of an
international atomic authority, and will
not have to receive denatured fashionable
materials with which to develop atomic
power for industrial purposes.
The one hope for effective atomic con-
troll lies, of course in the establishment
Immediately of means for full scrutiny
in all countries of atomic research for
any evidence of bomb development,
which under the Baruch plan would be
the sole prerogative of the international
atomic development authority.
If effective control cannot be estab-
lished before the bomb secret comes into
other hands the possibility of any con-
troll whatever is reduced to practically
zero. AS long as the United States and
Britain alone hold the secret the world
rests assured that it will not be used
for warlike purposes. In the light of
Russia's policies-as revealed by her
actions-the same cannot be said of the
Soviet Union. If the Soviet Union ever
obtains the bomb secret without an
alright international control of it's ap-
plication, nothing can prevent an atomic
armament race which will lead only to
disaster.
Assuming that Russia adamantly ad-
heres to her position, this country can,
of course, 60 ahead with the Baruch
plan, placing it into effect with those
other nations which agree to accept it.
The absence of Russia from the system
would, however, be a fatal blow to its
effectiveness, and this fact is fully rec
ognized in Washington.
Russia is believed to be assuming
bargaining position to her fiat rejection
Of the Baruch plan, but nothing can
alter the fact that she is pursuing atomic
bomb research with all her resources and
does not intend to be diverted from that
course by any system of international
inspection.
Russia's policy now appears to be to
fight for tink by dilatory tactics, staving
off any effective atomic control until she
has by her own research raised herself
to parity with the United States and
Britain in atomic DEVELOPMENT.
Evening star., 1946-07-27
The Turtle Defended

To the Editor of The Star:
During the past few days I have read
several letters in your paper deriding
the recent hit, The Voice of the
Turtle" and should like TO add my few
words to this bitter strife.
My stand, however, is going to be in
defense of this playa play I thor
oughly enjoyed. The main criticism has
been of its earthly, base and obscene
nature. The author was portrayng the
lives and loves of a young hopeful on
Broadway and the play was realistic,
both in language and situations. Had
the loVe-making taken place under a
willow on the banks of the Wabash, 1t
would have been Sweet" but once
transported to midtown New York
apartment, it became base.
Such affairs do happen, and there is
no reason why the theater should hide
itself behind a screen of period sets and
billoWing skirts.
The whole thing boils down to the
fact that it is all in the eyes of the
beholder: If the patrons ignored the
theme OF the play-tWo people hurt by
love before finding true love in each
other-and, instead, searched out the
risque phrases, it certainly isn't the
fault of the author
The other criticism, that the acting
was poor. seems to me even less well
grounded than the first Louisa Horton
and Peggy French played their parts to
perfection, but will admit that at times
Harvey Stephens was on the painful
side.
Finally. the fact that four companies
are playing this show in England and
here must prove that it is not altogether
too vile. PETER KIRBY.
Evening star., 1946-07-27
World Aviation Pact

Senate ratification OF the agree
ment calling for an international
Civil Aviation Organization should
facilitate the distresSingly slow
process of obtaining the twenty six
signatures needed to transform the
proposal into a valid and binding
treaty in the interest of safe and
orderly" development of interna-
tional airlines The United States
is the tenth nation to become sig
natory to the pact, which was drawn
up in December, 1914, at the Chicago
meeting of representatives of fifty
six countries. 1t was provided then
that at least tWenty-six nations
should ratify the convention before
it could become effective. There are
indications that a number of other
countries have been waiting to see
what action the United States would
take on the treaty. To these pro-
spective signatories the Senate, in
effect, has given the "go ahead"
signal.
The new organization would have
the responsibility of seeking to bring
about international uniformity in
civil aviation rules governing fight
procedures, plane safety standards,
navigational aids and the like-all
with a view to promoting safety
on the commercial airways of the
world. The treaty does not con-
Germ itself with commercial compe-
tition, allotment of routes or other
economic aspects of civil aviation
Its chief purpose is to work out an
international code of flying prac-
tices and regulations that will elm
mate confusion, misunderstanding
and unsafe practices on the growing
network of airways circling the
globe and thus reduce the possibility
of accidents. This is matter of
such concern to all air-minded ma
tionS that they can i'll afford to
delay joining in the ICAO safety
DrOpram
Evening star., 1946-07-27

sets in Austria and its stripping of
Hungary, the latter being the subject
of sharp American note just re-
vealed by the State Department.
Indeed, our views and Russia's are
so far apart in this respect that it
might be a good thing all around to
review the PotSdam decisions with
out further delay. ShoWdowns are
not pleasant. but if they are un-
avoidable it is best to face them
frankly as one way of clearing the
international atmosphere and dis
closing precisely where each power
stands.
Evening star., 1946-07-27

A few random thoughts on the eve Of
sailing for Paris and the European
Peace Conference:
1t won't really be European Peace
Conference. 1t will only be piece OF
a peace conference, and not the most
important piece at that. The German
settlement is the big job, and that is
still somewhere in the hazy future.
From another point of view, too, 1t
won't be a peace conference. 1t will
lust mean reaching certain agreements
for getting on with the job Of trying
to patch up the mess the war has left.
But the agreements will be compromises,
which means that everybody will not
be pleased with them, and which also
means that the ink will not be dry on
the signatures nor the nice red wax
firmly set on the seals before various
interested parties will be hard at work
trying to modify, change and upset
this or that part of them.
All of which is merely to say that life
is change and that neither this gen.
Grafton nor any other is likely to make
permanent settlements in the affairs
of nations If we are really to have
peace in this world, We shall have to
keep working at it incessantly, and we
shall have to learn to appreciate minor
gains and marginal ccomplishments-
which are all that we can possibly ex-
pect from the forthcoming conference.
4 X
Of course the good old-fashioned
power factors will be present at Paris
They won't be talked about so much
openly, but they will be there. The
boys will sit around the table bidding
and blufing, and using red and white
chips for most of the minor parts, but
the blue chips of national power will
be the ones that really count Not
many of those chips will be played in
this particular game, but some of them
will; and the piles of blue chips in
front of each of the principal players
will represent the actual cold-turkey
influence of each on the results OBJ
tanned.
There may, of course, be few pots
in which blue chips will change hands.
Possibly the most important of these
changes is reflected in Mr.. Byrnes' state
ment that the conclusion of the peace
treaties with Italy, Romania, Bulgaria,
Hungary and Finland means that all
armies of occupation will be withdrawn
within 80 days except troops engaged in
guarding lines of communication. In
practice this means the pulling out of
British and American troops from Italy
notably from the area OF Venezia Giu-
Evening star., 1946-07-27
Congress Reorqunizes

Whatever else may be said of the
record of the 10th Congress, it has
won a prominent place in congress
sional history through its passage of
the much-debated congressional re-
organization bill. In so doing it has
confounded the pessimists who con-
tended that the prospects of obtain
ing agreement at this session on this
truly revolutionary measure were
extremely slim. There was an in
centive, of course, in the form of the
provision for increased salaries and
creation of retirement system, but
it would be unfair to attribute pas
sage of the legislation to any such
bait" The only reasonable conclu-
sion to be reached from the high
tenor of the debate is that the ma
jorities in both houses were won
over to the plan by the persuasive
case for reorganization made out by
the able La Toilette -Monroney joint
committee.
The joint committee was con-
fronted with a tremendous task
when Congress directed it to make
the first comprehensive study of
legislative procedure since 1921 and
to recommend improvements in
such organization and operation (of
Congress- with a view toward
strengthening the Congress, simpli-
flying its operations, improving it's
relationship with other branches of
the United States Government and
enabling it better to meet its re-
Sponsibilities under the Constitu-
ton" The measure sent to the
White House does not follow all of
the recommendations of the COM
mittee, but it does provide for sub
stantial portion of the more impor-
tant reforms urged by the group in
its far-sighted report.
One Of the more drastic reforms
which went through both houses
with relatively little change is the
one which will reorganize a number
of committee chairmen out of pres
tige-enhancing jobs. This is the plan
for reducing the number of Senate
and House committees through
elimination of some and consolida-
tion Of others. In final form, the bill
reduces Senate committees from
thirty-three to fifteen and House
committees from forty-eight to
nineteen. The District Committees
incidentally, are retained, as the
committee had recommended. This
streamlining of the committee struc-
ture was rated by the Joint COM
mittee ahead of all other changes
in Importance. in view of the fact
that 80 per cent of the work of
| Congress is done in a committee
workshop" that is inefficient and
outmoded, The new alignment will
| eliminate most of the overlapping
and duplication of functions which
have handicapped committee work
in the past.
There are many other proposed
improvements in the congressional
machinery, including a budget-bal-
ancing plan designed to keep appro-
priations in line with revenues. Sen
ate and House disagreed on the
amount of salary increases but COM
| promised in conference on a $500
raise, and concurred in bringing
their members under a retirement
system. Few persons will begrudge
legislators these benefits, which. in
the end, should make service in
Congress more attractive to men of
high caliber. Viewed as a whole,
the congressional reorganization
program should go a long way to-
ward bringing Congress into step
with the fast-moving age in which
it plays so prominent a part.
Evening star., 1946-07-27
Repurutions Showdown?

AS President Truman's personal
representative on reparations, Edwin
w. Pauley made clear at his press
conference the other day that a
showdown of sorts is pretty nearly
unavoidable regarding the things to
which Russia considers itself entitled
In occupied lands.
Mr.. Pauley has just completed a
world study of the reparations situa-
ton. His most important single find
ing is that Soviet removals of ma
chinery from Manchuria have inca
pacitated over $4,000, 100000 worth of
industry and have struck a hard blow
at the economy of the whole Far
East. These removals were made de-
spite American protests. They were
made as unilateral action, without
any inter-Allied consultation what
ever, the Russians maintaining that
they were merely helping themselves
to legitimate "War booty" though
nothing in information law or Gus
tom warranted such view.
AS a result, according to Mr..
Pauley the United States now
is weighing the justice and feasibility
of refusing to hand over any of the
industrial equipment to which the
Soviet Union is entitled, under the
Potsdam Agreement, N the Ameri-
can zone of Germany. Delivery of
such equipment was halted by us
about two months ago on the ground
that it would be necessary to do so
until the Allies treated the defeated
Reich as an economic unit. In view
of what has been taken out of Man
churia, however, this temporary sus-
pension may be made permanent if
our Government decides that the
Russians excessive grab in Asia
ought properly to be offset by our
withholding from them the things
they would otherwise have a right
to claim in the German area occu-
pied by our forces.
The Russians undoubtedly would
regard such decision as unilateral
departure from the Potsdam Agree
ment. Yet, wholly apart from the
economic factors that might we'll
justify it. it certainly would be no
more unilateral than their Man
churian "war booty" policy or their
reluctance, along with the French, to
effectuate the Potsdam understand
ing on dealing with Germany as a
unit. Actually, the whole question of
reparations goes beyond these points
to include such matters as Moscow's
Interpretation of former enemy as
Evening star., 1946-07-27
Whot Has Been Accomplished
From the Winnipeg Free Press.

From the Winnipeg Free Press.
1t would be a grave blunder to
imagine that nothing has been done to
strengthen the cause of peace, even
before the conference meets. The United
Nations is living reality. The ground
work has been laid for an international
trade organization. The Breton Woods
agreement will give measure of sta
bility to world currencies. Earnest eff
forts are being made to abridge the
menace of the atomic bomb. 1t has not
all been tragic chapter of accidents
and blunders, of futile quarrels and
mere recrimination. This is no time for
pessimism or despair. We need courage
and adventurous thinking. as well as
frank awareness of existing difficulties,
if the world is not to squander and de-
stroy its second great experiment in
collective security
Evening star., 1946-07-27
Modern Age Deplored

To the Editor of The Star:
The other day was surprised to hear
one of the oldest and more highly hon
ored members of our bar say that this
was great and interesting age. I fire.
quently, in recent times, have heard this
remark from younger men but when it
came from the lips of one who had
known the older days of conservative
thought and action and less conceited
boastfulness I confess, was shocked.
I cannot see, nor would want to see,
anything either great or interesting
in an age, or people, bent upon ignor-
ant self exploitation and giving to the
bum, rogue and criminal-minded ad-
vantages over the honest and industri-
ous, or which has no compunction about
dropping the mostly deadly and destruc-
tive missiles upon civilian populations.
F. S. SMITH.
Evening star., 1946-07-27
Cinema Sunset

Three rose dolphinS
On a lake of blue,
A lavender dragon
In d pink canoe.
A solid gold mountain
With 1ohipped cream peaks,
T1Do purple cultures,
Streamers from, their beaks,
Seuen Silver Serpents
In mauUe- -tUaDed sea:
SlotD- motion mural
On the 1Uest's marquee.
JESSIE FARNHAM
Evening star., 1946-07-27
Poor Opinion of Experts

FOOT Up1nIOn or EXperlS
To the Editor of The Star:
being guided by and taking the advice
of economic experts" like Chester
Bowles and other Of his type, is in the
same predicament as the unfortunate
persons I have read about in the Scrip
lures. Where the blind lead the blind,
they both fall into the ditch" J.C.L.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1946-07-05
kAS YRA REIKALIN-
CA ISPILDYMUI
AFFIDAVITU
NORINTIEMS PARTRAUKTI
PABEGELIUS CHIMES
AMERIKA

Suvienytu Valstiju valdzia
reikalauja "Affidavit of Sup
port is kvietejo, irodymui kad
atvykstantieji zmones netaps
nasta valstybei arba Amerikos
Visuomenei. Sic affidavitai yra
reikalinga pristatyti ,Amerikos
konsulams uzsienyje, kur ram
dasi Americas pilieciu gimines
arba draugai norintieji atva-
ziuoti Amerikon. Irodymas fl
nansinio stovio kvietejo turf
butt patvirtintas dokumentalis-
kais daviniais. Visi irodymai
turf butt ispildyti duplicate, t.
y. dvi kopijos.
l. Darbas arba uzsiemimas:
lrodymui pastovumo reika-
linga isgauti duplikata ant Off
cialio laiSko, pareiskima nuo
savo darbdavio, kuriame irodo-
ma kick algos uzdirbi, kaip Sc
mai ten dirbi, ir ar darbas bus
pastovus. Sitame laiSke ture-
tn butt pareiSkimas ar esi ap-
sidraudes (insured) ir kick bo-
nu Gei esi pirkes) turf nupir-
kes.
2. Verslas arba savininkys-
te:
Jei esi biznyje reikalinga pa
tiekti raportas isduotas is ban
ko, parodantis biznio pastovu-
ma, bendra apyvarta, ir maz-
daug irodantis verte. Geriau-
sia tai reikalinga pristatyti Sc
dokumentai: Dun & Bradstreet
raportas, jei esi joje irasytas.
Del kiekvieno affidavito rel
kalingas nuorasas duplikatas,
vadinamas Consular Financial
Report. Kartu su virsminetais