davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-04-22
This Changing World
By Constantine Bro,pn

hope Of putting Carol back on the
throne. King Michael is only Is years
old, but has shown an unexpected de-
termination to prevent his country from
becoming puppet state. He leans to-
ward the American and British liberal
ideals, while the government of his
prime minister Petru Groza, is en-
tirely in the hands of Moscow.
Although Michael is mere figure
head, he is a disrupting element for
the Soviet plans. On at least two oc-
casions his life was endangered. He is
said to have been saved only because
his mother whom Carol had divorced,
learned of the plots and rushed to the
American military representative ask
ing asylum for herself and hcr son.
Moreover, although he has been re-
duced to political figurehead, with no
power to choose his advisers or his cab
met, Michael is reported to be popular
with the Romanian people. The fact
that the King is "caged" just as they
are has created a strong bond between
Michael and his people.
This situation might become embar-
RAISING and, according to reports from
Bucharest, the government has fully in
dorsed the reported Russian plan to re-
place-without violence if possible-the
strong-headed Michael. Carol gave all
the necessary assurances to Moscow
through Ambassador Oumansky-Who
died in an airplane accident in Mexico
a few months after the surrender of
Romania-that he would conform fully
with all the desires of the U. S. S. R.
Some of Carols friends already are in
London, where the Groza government
has sent them in official positions. Some
are spreading the news that Carol is
so anxious to guide his nation in these
turbulent times that he would not op-
pose changing the government in his
homeland from a monarchy to a repub-
lie. In such event, he would be glad to
present himself before the electorate as
a candidate for the job of the first
president of Romanian republic.
According to reports from Rio de
Janeiro, Carol has been advised to keep
himself in readiness to board one of
the Russian ships now making trips to
South America. He would be taken di-
rectly to Russia or Romania without
having to go through the trouble of
obtaining transit visas from govern
ments which may not want to grant
them to him.
Evening star., 1946-04-22
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

What has happened to the OPA was
bound to happen. The OPA doesn't
work. This is not the fault of Chester
BoWles or Paul A. Porter both of whom
are sincere and capable men. But they
are in the position of King Canute
commanding the waves to recede, and
with just as much effectiveness. Within
the OPA administration there has been
such profound discouragement that its
personnel has been quitting steadily for
the past three months
We have the habit of thinking that
Government ukase can reverse the law
of gravity But it can't. Nor can it
reverse economic laws. Even in a to-
tally controlled state-owned economy,
supply and demand function The So
viets have black market organized by
the state!
The theory has been that hourly
wages could 60 up some 20 per cent
while prices would remain stable This
is possible providing there is immense
production contending for the market,
and other factors are stable That is
not the condition of our economy. We
have a national debt of $3.50, 900 900 900
and proportionate increase in currency
circulation. Wages are at the wartime
peak, for less hours of work Strikes
cripple production. In our interde-
pendent economy. cessation of pro-
duction in small secondary plants can
hold up immense factories.
Labor is the chief item of cost in
the production of most commodities.
If wages go up rapidly and affect
the cost of the product, the wage
Garner pays for the increase as a con-
sumer The only way this can be
circumvented is by increased and more
efficient production.
The present national income is $780,
900, 100000 and consumption demand is
unmanageable. There is practically no
butter because its price is out of all
proportion to the price of cream in any
other product, such as fancy cheeses
and ice cream. The consumer, who is
not permitted to pay more than SIS
cents per pound for butter, consumes
it in ice cream at the rate of 80 cents
per pound, and ice cream consumption
is 30 per cent above the peak of the
past.
The farmer pays 300 per cent more
for labor than he paid before the war.
The lack of machinery prevents in
creased mechanization, and necessitates
exorbitant repair costs on what he has
If his prices do not cover the cost of
production With a reasonable return
for his own labor, he stops producing
or turns low-price product into one
with higher price.
The pressure of demand creates the
price. The per capita consumption of
meat is 10 to Is per cent higher than
Evening star., 1946-04-22

at any point in American history The
black market has. obtained all but a
monopoly in meat, because people can
and will pay for meat above the ceiling
price.
Used cars, even with ceilings, bring
fabulous prices. My six-year-old autos
ceiling is within few dollars of what
I paid for it. If a new car costs the
buyer 40 per cent more. he will still
strike a good bargain.
Textiles and shoes are in abundance,
but do not find the open market be-
cause of price. II consumers will line
up before the most fashionable shoe
store in America in a rush to buy foot
wear from S18 to $50, who is going to
shirts and underclothing The only
answer is production and price level
consonant with cost and demand.
Housing is short because materials
are short. But lumber is exported to
Latin America, where it fetches higher
prices. Wood pulp for paper has to be
taken from our forests because the
Scandinavian exporters find the price
here below that in Sweden.
The answer to the food problem is
rationing. This country is overfed
while a quarter of the globe faces
famine. Rent controls must be main
tanned, but the States will act under
popular presSures.
Prices on the whole cannot be kept
down in the present situation. To try
to do so is to create new criminal
class of black market profteers.
Prices cannot be controlled by de-
cree. The answer is more goods, wages
keyed, not TO consumer prices, but to
production, elimination of irrational in
duStrial practices, marketing and con-
sumner co-operatives to reduce middle
man charges, l0-year waivers of taxes
on new homes for rent. reduction of
cost of Government itself, and every
incentive to create activity, with eco
nomic penalties on speculation. Our
policies effect the reverse The way
to make money in real estate today
IS not to build houses, but to buy
and sell old ones; the way to make
money in food is not to raise it, but
to corner it. Increased prices to farmers
mean increased purchases of the prod
ucts OF industry. Increased prices to
spectators mean increased cost of
crime.
Government and trade unions which
misread the situation should have in
sisted on wage stability until reconver-
sion and high-level production Instead
we raised wages and crippled produc-
ton. And no Office of Price Control can
overcome the results. nor will new wage
raises (and new strikes, do anything
except push the spiral further.
Released by the Bell Syndicate. Incl
Evening star., 1946-04-22
Lord Keynes

John Maynard Keynes influenced
the lives of hundreds of millions of
people and the impact of his ideas
will continue to be felt upon gov
ernment and industry for decades,
If not for centuries, to come. His
career was significant to a degree
impossible to overestimate. 1t is not
an e&aggeration to say that he was
the principal architect of modern
economic planning.
No ordinary layman could be ex-
pected to understand what Lord
Keynes did. Simple words for the
explanation of his philosophy do not
exist. To set forth his views a special
"jargon" is necessary. Even when
he consciously tried to employ none
but standard, traditional phrases he
could not reach the average reader.
His Economic Consequences of the
Peace" published in 1919, was
best seller in its day. yet the public
could not comprehend it. The En-
cyclopaedia Britannica avoids at
tempting to explain his views by
referring to them just as certain
principles"
Lord Keynes himself, however,
knew perfectly well what he was
about. He was born to his profess
sion, a son of registrar of Cam
bridge University who talked money
from infancy as naturally as unex-
ceptional English youngsters talk
cricket or football. When twenty
three he was appointed to a desk
in the India Office. The First World
War gave him an opportunity to
try out his conceptions of interna-
tional exchange in connection with
loans to the Allies. He went to the
Versailles Conference as the chief
representative of the Treasury, ad-
vocated reparation policies which
were rejected and in consequence
resigned. When events seemed to
prove him right and his critics
wrong he achieved a power in
Britain which, gradually advancing,
made him by 1880 the most impor-
tant economic thinker alive. No
development of the first order in his
field from 1899 onward occurred
without consultation with him. He
had more to do with shaping the
basic fabric of international financ-
Evening star., 1946-04-22

Former King Carol of Romania and
his red-haired companion, Magda LIZ
pescu. are reported from Rio de Janeiro
to be packing their trunks in prepara-
ton for return trip to their home
land.
In September, 1910, Carol was forced
to abdicate in favor of his son, the
present King Michael. because of his
leaning toward totalitarianism. He
went into exile to Spain and finally
found permanent haven in Mexico City,
where he led leisurely but not DO
litically inactive life.
Between games of bridge and attend
ing the races, he found time to see many
diplomats. with whom he discussed his
future, and he indicated he would be
available to take over the throne again
from his inexperienced son, who had
fallen into the hands of court ca
marilla which brought Romania into
the Hitler camp.
One Of Carols particular friends was
American Ambassador George Messer-
smith. Their relations were on purely
social basis, however, since the United
States was not interested in Romanian
politics. Carol attempted several times
to obtain a visa to come to this coun-
try to place his case before higher lev
els than an Ambassador. His appeals,
however, were turned down by the
State Department because of his some
what uncertain private life.
X X x X
The Russian Ambassador, Constan-
tin Oumansky, saw in Carol an eventual
tool in the hands Of the u S. S. R. After
the surrender of Romania in September,
1914, deal was reported to have been
concluded between Oumansky and Carol
whereby the ex-King was to return to
his country and, with the assistance of
the U. S. S. R. government, take over
his throne again.
Arrangements were made for Carol
and his companion to go to Brazil,
then to Lisbon, and eventually to Bucha-
rest. The Brazilian government agreed
to give Carol a transit visa. In the
meantime, however, the British got
wind of the Oumansky-Car intrigue
and could see in Carols return to his
country no benefit for the Allies. The
British persuaded the Portuguese govern
ment to refuse to give a visa to the
former King and Carol, Nine. Lupescue
and their small retinue remained
stranded in Brazil.
But the Russians never abandoned
Evening star., 1946-04-22
Democracy in Action

IL GCOilOIHlC SCaDll1Zef chester
Bowles believes that pressure from
a well-financed and powerful minor
ity of lobbyists and special-interest
groups" was the only, or even the
basic, influence behind the House
action in amending the Price Con-
troll Law he has sadly misgauged the
temper of Congress and of the
country.
Mr.. Bowles made substantially
this same charge before the House
had acted on the amendments, and
now that the House has voted he
repeats it. This results in the infer
ence that most of the members of
the House, Indifferent to the welfare
and wishes of their constituents,
have gone over to the side of the
well-financed and powerful lobby
lists.
1t may we'll be that some of the
amendments approved by the House
go too far and would prove harmful
if finally adopted. But Mr.. Bowles
is wide of the mark if he can ex-
plain the revolt against OPA only
in terms Of rich and greedy lobby
lists. This is an easy explanation,
and it may serve with some elements
to stimulate the protest against the
House action for which Mr.. Bowles
appeals. But the real fact is that
dissatisfaction with some of the pol
icies and practices of OPA Is wide
spread and deep-seated. 1t has
nothing to do with lobbyists, rich
or otherwise, although it is a safe
assumption that some of the latter
have been making capital out Of this
public discomfort.
OPA would have stood a better
chance in the House if, prior to the
vote, Mr.. Bowles, instead of raising
the lobbyist cry, had tried to find
out why people are dissatisfied with
OPA and had attempted to deal with
their complaints. The same thing
is true of the Senate. II Mr.. BowleS
is going to be content with nothing
more than denunciations of lobby
lists, the mass protest for which re
appeals, a demonstration of "democ-
racy in action" is not likely to
develop, and OPA may fare little if
any better in the Senate than it did
in the House.
Evening star., 1946-04-22
This and That
By Charles E. Trace1OeH.
IDAHO AVENUE.

Dear Sir:
Your calendar of bird arrivals
printed in The Star recently is pasted
in my hat for future observations, not
so much to check the veracity of the
information but as matter of interest.
I'm connection with the visit of the
chimney swift, let me relate a tragedy
which occurred last April to the sWifts
that settled down in one of the big
chimneys of the Westchester Apart
ments.
They had been there about two or
three weeks, their whirling flights over
the adjacent country being a great
source of pleasure to numerous OBJ
servers, when cold, wet spell arrived
and lasted for considerable period.
1t must have stunned or laid low
large percentage of the expanding insect
population.
THE net result was that all the
swallows, bereft of their food supplies,
perished, and the great chimney con-
tanned not single live specimen.
Yours, S. j. H."
CHEVY CHASE, MD.
Dear Sir:
evening grosbeaks visit our feeding
over week.
I'VE wrote to you asking you to
identify them for us at that time
These birds evidently were a sort
of prelude to the larger bands which
visited here this winter.
mot until today have we seen another
The one we saw today was female
and was taking drink from the bird
bath. She was apparently alone
isn't it late for them to be migrat-
ing, and do you suppose there is any
possibility of this one planning to stay
on with us for summer?
'The other day when I went into
the garage robin flew out past me.
A careful investigation has disclosed
no sign of a nest
What else could he be flying in
there for? Do you think robins would
consider such thing as nesting in a
garage?
II can't imagine it, but we are
leaving the doors open permanently
from now on-just in case.
Very truly yours, K. S. s."
ARLINGTON, VA.
Dear Sir:
Every spring for 20 years we have
been charmed by bird song in
minor key which is something like
'Do-mi-mi- -mi-mi.' Sometimes there are
only four notes, and the second one is
a long one.
"If music had color, this song would
be chartreuSe.
when hunt for the singer, find
the English sparrow, the junco, the tit
mouse, the song sparrow and another
gray sparrow with wide gray and white
stripes on its head only.
Which is the sweet singer?
Several folks here will be pleased
to get your answer. Thank you.
Yours truly, K. j."
* *
Most of the grosbeaks which gave
the local bird watchers such a treat
have left Washington and vicinity and
all will be gone in few days more
They nest in the pine woods of Canada
Robins sometimes nest in garages.
One robin several years ago built a
nest in the bathroom of an unfinished
house.
The space destined for the medicine
cabinet attracted their attention, and
the builder, himself bird lover, per-
mitted the bathroom to remain un-
finished until the robins had Matched
out their babies and brought them up.
The sweet singer whose song one
correspondent saw as chartreuse! was
the waite-throated sparrow.
Evening star., 1946-04-22
Civil Service and Police

Inc reference IN the Hebert jail
report to "obstacles placed in the
way of the efficient operation not
only of the penal institutions but of
the Metropolitan Police by misun-
derstandingS and misconception of
the functions of the Civil Service
Commission" apparently was the
outgrowth of colloquy during the
hearings between Chairman Hebert
and Chief of Police Callahan. The
discussion had to do with the reason
why certain policeman with bad
record had not been dismissed from
the force. Major Callahan said that
civil .service procedures complicated
the discharge process and that police
could appeal to the Civil Service
Commission if dismissed for insuffi-
cient cause.
Major Callahan presumably had in
mind trial board procedure set up
under the Police Civil Service Act of
1919, but that act does not authorize
appeals to the Civil Service Commits
sion. AS matter of fact, the law
gives complete disciplinary power to
the Police Department and the Dis
trict Commissioners, with the latter
having final authority in dismissal
cases. The officer whose record was
questioned at the hearing had been
TWICE convicted by the Police Trial
Board, but in neither instance was
dismissal recommended. The Civil
Service Commission had nothing to
do with either case, and it would be
unfortunate if the Hebert Subcom-
mittee's implied criticism of civil
service in relation to police admin
iStration were based on a miSun-
derStanding on any ones part as to
the role of civil service with respect
to local police.
The subcommittee pointed to the
Federal Bureau of Investigation as
an example of police agency mot
hampered by the restrictions of civil
service" But the FBI is in a class
by itself, with special personnel
standards and procedures of its own
more rigid than that of any munich
pal police force and with a leader
ship strong enough to resist even
the most persistent forms of politi-
cal pressure and political patronage.
To remove civil service from the
Metropolitan Police Department
would be to invite patronage pres
sure and other influences tending to
lower personnel standards and over
all efficiency. 1t is reassuring, there
fore, to learn that Major Callahan
is firm believer in the merit system
for the Washington police and that
he favors retention of the existing
civil service setup.
Evening star., 1946-04-22

scale after the different powers
learn the profitable habit of working
together through the United Nations.
Certainly it would benefit all If put
into practice, widening the area
of prosperity, depriving "have-not"
demagogues of basis for incendiary
propaganda. and thus serving the
cause of decent and lasting peace.
Evening star., 1946-04-22
Three Little Towns

When Jesus ,Ualked the earth,
Three little to,UnS He kneW:
Bethlehem gaze him birth,
And as His only due
Enrolled Him as a Je1D.
Nazareth gaue Him bread
And careful skill ,Uith tools,
Taught Him ho,D rolls are read,
And all its lore OF schools
Then thrust Him out 1uith fools.
The third tolDn gaze Him friends
Who neUer failed to see
Beyond disn,ay to ends
That touch eternity. I
That toUn 1Uds Bethany.
DOROTHY BROWN THOMPSON.
Evening star., 1946-04-22

Mr.. Truman's position at present
has been described as left of center,
but Republicans hope that early in
1949 there will be nothing left of Mr..
Truman.
Evening star., 1946-04-22

President Truman toSses horse
shoes around. BY narrow chance,
the country missed having as its
Chief Executive an ardent BOOM
erang thrower.
Evening star., 1946-04-22

Hunger Sweetens beans, says an
ancient Latin proverb, but there are
a lot of people in this world who
would be willing to do without that
kind of sugar, if only they could.
Evening star., 1946-04-22

NoTtlleIH lIluuStIldl pOpuldIlo1l CellCeIS.
Meanwhile, we would be deferred
from use of either atom or germ bombs
by the fact that a million or SO of our
own best blood-scattered through Gen.
trail Europe and the Middle Orient
almost certainly would be sacrificed.
Even in Russia this probably would
be true, for that country's logical first
move in war with the United States
would be to gather as many as possible
of our occupation troops, unarmed and
unframed for combat, into their prin-
cipal cities as hostages for their safety.
We atom bombed Hiroshima and
Nagasaki, where, so far as disclosed,
there were no Americans, yet revulsion
of feeling was so great that those who
ordered the atrocity now are striving
frantically for some formula by which
future use of the atom bomb may be
prevented or restricted.
Would even our most ruthless politi-
cal-militarist dare to order either atom
or germ bombing of Tokyo, Mac
Arthurs headquarters, or of Berlin,
Allied control center, today, or of any
city in Europe or Asia tomorrow where
large numbers of Americans were con-
gregated? Even if issued, would such
an order be obeyed? God forbid!
1t seems high time that soft-pedaling
this horror should end and that the
plain people of America and the entire
world should be told what devils broth
has been brewed for them if they let
their leaders drag them into another
war. JONATHAN WICKWIRE.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-05-21
Gernnons Broke TreoNin1o25

Nuremberg, May 2l-CUP)-Grand Admiral Erich Raeder disclosed to- day that the German Navy was able to commission a submarine in 1885 just Il days after the Anglo-Ger- man Treaty permitted submarines, because it had been assembling them secretly more than 10 years.
 Raeder said the Germans began their submarine construction short ly after the Versailles Treaty was signed, in violation of that treaty, by working through Shadow firm in Holland. Two German subma- rines were completed by 1925, he said.
 When Adolf Hitler reached power, the Admiral told the War Crimes Tribunal, submarine parts were manufactured in Holland and Fin land and stored in Germany.
 Raeder admitted that the German Navy had 34,OO0 men in 1985 in- stead of the l5,00O permitted by the Versailles Treaty. He claimed they had enlisted in anticipation of the Anglo-G -Germna Treaty.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-05-21

dis, Jean Beaulieu, Dorothy Beau- lieu. Cell LeBrscque. Rita Le- Brecque and Veima wright.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-05-21

points, will probe the question, Are Communism and Democracy Mutu- ally Antagonistic?", on the regular weekly MES broadcast of the American Forum of the Air" to- night 9:30 to 10:15 P. M.
 The four participants in this dis cussion are: Representative Clare Boothe Luce (R., Conn0; William H Chamberlin, writer and lecturer; William 2. Foster, and Dr. Harry F. Ward, professor emeritus of Chris tian Ethics, Union Theological Sem- mary.
 Crime fighting editor Steve Will son exposes phony theatrical agency in the drama Fraud Un- limited" Big Town" tonight WABC-CBS, 8:0O-8:30 P. M. Steve goes all out to squelch faker who promises great bookings under his supposed clever guidance. Edward Pawley plays Wilson. Fran Carlon is heard as Lorelei, femme reporter Eddie -The-Mackie is played by Ted DeCorsia.
 Film Stars Joan Blondell anc Richard Wnorf play the leading roles, when This Is My Best" pre- sentS Ernest Lehman's "She Left