davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1946-06-22
Go To The Polls On July 2
In The Name Of Democracy

arouse the white people of the
state as though threatened by
some strange people, menacing
and foreboding, despite their pres
ence in great numbers in the state
through all its history, who would
if given the right and unmolested
opportunity to vote, tear down and
destroy the very foundation upon
which rests the idea and ideal of
American democracy. In the eyes
of people of every race and ma
ton, our former foes as well as
our allies and those who profess
to be our friends, every act of
violence and intimidation of a Ne
gro in Mississippi who goes to the
polls on July End to exercise the
one supreme right of citizen in
a democracy will be mockery of
the United States, dissertation
of the idea and ideal of democracy,
and make hypocritical the world
wide program and aims of the
nation.
Let those who would bring
down this disgrace upon the state
and the nation have their sway
and their way and let them bear
the responsibility for the denial of
the great stimulus to world democ-
racy by the continued effort to
deny it's rights to the Negro citi-
ZenS of the state, but on July End,
every qualified Negro citizen and
every qualified Negro veteran
should go to the polls and seek to
cast his ballot for the candidate
of his choice.
In such an atmosphere that has
been created by the appeals to ig-
norance, bigotry, and prejudice in
the political campaign, Negroes in
Mississippi must avoid every indi-
cation of resentment, of i'll will,
of personal violence, and with
pockets empty of every instru-
ment, with clean hands but with
out fear go to the polls and make
whatever sacrifice that may be
demanded of the hour that democ-
racy might live in Mississippi, in
this nation, and in the entire
world.
In the Declaration of Independ-
ence. sanctified by the blood OF
the Negro patriot Crispus Attacks
and watered by the blood and sac
rifice of Negro citizens and sol
diers in all the nations struggle
and history there are these words;
We hold these truths to be self
evident: That all men are created
equal; that they are endowed by
their Creator with certain inalien-
able rights; that among these are
life, liberty, and the pursuit OF
happiness; that to secure these
rights, governments are instituted
among men, deriving their just
powers from the consent of the
governed F.. and in the Fifteenth,
Amendment to the Constitution OF
the United States, confirmed. bv
the nations and the worlds mgr
est court, the United States Su-
preme Court, there are these
words The right of citizens
of the United States to vote shall
not be denied or abridged by the
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1946-06-22
AN EDITORIAL

On July End the State of Mis-
sissippi will face the greatest test
of real democracy in all its long
and colorful history. Because for
the first time in its history there
has developed and is still develop
ing an intelligent desire and in
terest on the part of the Negro
citizens of the state to go to the
polls and by their vote make real
the idea of American democracy
for all the people of the world as
we'll as for themselves.
In the heated political contest
there are those in their desperate
effort for power, long predicated
on the denial of the right to vote
to the Negro citizens of the state,
who stand aghast at this new birth
of freedom in the minds and
hearts of the Negro citizens of
the state, and by implication, by
direction, and by indirection, have
sounded the call for violence and
intimidation, and have sought to
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1946-06-22
City's Negro


est Negro cafe owners in the city,
pointing to the loss of trade due
to the manner in which the beer
is now being distributed said that
the only thing that he wanted was
his customers to understand that
he is willing to do anything that
can be done to get beer and that
he has done, along with the rest
of the Negro cafe owners, every
thing possible to be able to serve
them beer but that under the pres
ent system of distribution it was
just impossible to get beer from
time to time and the only thing
that could be done was to ask the
continued loyalty and support of
the people whom it has been a
pleasure to serve for so many
years.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1946-06-22
Capitol Spotlight

to Bill HASTE, who was then the
civilian aide to the Secretary of
War. He, in turn, Immediately
took it up with the office of Sec
rotary of War Henry l.. Stimson.
SWIFT ACTION
Mr.. Stilnson acted swiftly. He
ordered the company guards re-
moved and military policemen
placed on guard duty at the Pen
tagon and stated there would be
no race segregation in cafeterias.
The next day colored employees
went into the cafeteria and ate
without incident. Ever since then
they have eaten Unfortunately
at the six employee cafeterias and
the several lunch bars out there
without any difficulty.
But it was the bus situation
where Mr.. Stimson showed his
mettle. In the early days of the
Pentagon, the only buses running
from the District of Columbia to
the Pentagon Building and to
Boiling Field, an Army Air Forces
installation, were the Alexandria,
Bancroft and Washington, and the
Arnold Lines. Each of these buses
had posted in the front sign
quoting the Virginia Jim Crow
law and directing colored people
to seat themselves from the rear
of the bus and white passengers to
seat themselves from the front.
Mr.. Stimson took the matter up
with the governor of Virginia and
the bus companies. Word was
passed down to HASTE that col
ored persons travelling from Wash
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1946-06-22
THE AIRPORT
Prospect Year
CONTINUED From Page One)


Tense attorneys reiterated they
would call every colored person OF
voting age in the county if neces-
sary. Bumpus was to begin pre-
senting witnesses in behalf OF the
state last Wednesday and expect
to complete his case next week
Of the 214 colored persons SO
far examined, all but one said they
had never received summons for
Jury service. One colored man said
he got a summons a year ago but
assumed it to be a mistake and
was excused when he called the
matter to the attention of the
sheriff.
Sheriff J. J. Underwood testl-
fled last Tuesday that in eight
wears in the sheriff's office he had
summoned many colored persons
TO iury service but that none had
served. Some failed to report and
some were excused, he said.
Miss Dadney Anderson, Circuit
Court Clerk, said she recalled that
some colored persons had been
called for service in the last seven
wears but to her knowledge none
served.
The National Association for
the Advancement of Colored REQ
pie is financing the defense of the
accused men, charging that the
rioting was provoked by state pc,
lice. Several colored homes and
stores were looted and two colored
prisoners were shot to death in the
county Jail.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1946-06-22

and coercion" accounted for the
defeat Of the union. The Clio is
requesting another election In
which the workers will be permit
ted to vote their choice.
The CIO charged that the cam
paign was led by Comdr. F. II.
Barrett, u. S. Coast Guard reserve
and Remmie L. Arnold of Peters
burg with the support of Sheriff
Whitehead and Jesse j. Scott, edi-
tor of the Smithfield Times.
York
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1946-06-22

after which he was brutally beaten
with a heavy cable wire with each
man in the crowd taking his turn
at the beating.
The affidavit further states that
after the mob had finished beating
him that he was told that if he
ever came to Brandon to vote they
would kill him.
On reaching Jackson, Fletcher
reported the matter to the local
Branch of the NAACP and the
local chapter of the American Vet
Grams Committee where he signed
a number of affidavits. The local
NAACP and the Veterans Commit
tee has forwarded copies of the
affidavit to the office of the At
torney General of the United
States and is asking that immedi-
ate action be taken in the case.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1946-06-22
THE :
49, VETERANS FRIEND

that his disability existed prior to
enlistment, does this prevent him
from receiving . pension?
A. No. Under Title l, Section lO5,
Public Law 346, 18th Congress. any
statement OF this nature that q
veteran may have made at dis
charge is considered null and void.
The veteran should contact the
nearest Disabled American Veter.
ans service officer for counsel in
applying for pension. This service
Is free Of charge.
X x
@. Under present government
benefits can the widow Of q veteran
obtain loan for building or other
purposes?
A. No. The privilege Is limited
to veterans. A guaranty on a loan
may continue, however, after the
veterans death. Vol. 3, No. 3
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1946-06-22
State Funeral
Continued From Page One)

of the National Funeral Directors
and Embalmers Association was
made by C. L. Dennis, National
Officer and Mortician of New Or
leans, La. Mr.. Dennis represented
D. w. Rhodes of New Orleans, the
national president, and urged the
attendance of all funeral directors
and embalmers at the national
meeting in Atlantic City. Presi-
dent Rhodes was unable to attend
because Of a previous engagement
at the North Carolina Funeral Di-
rectors and Embalmers Associa-
ton.
A banquet was served the guests
by the funeral directors of Jack
son who served as host to the con-
vention. Latham, Enterprise, Peo-
pies and Collins.
Many funeral directors were
present who had never before at
tended state meeting. They ex-
pressed an awakened interest in
the state association and the fine
program being carried on by the
organization.
Officers elected to serve for the
year, June, 1916, to June 1947,
were: President, J. F. Brittenum,
Holly Springs; A. L. Saddler,
Marks, vice president; second vice
president. M. L. Williams, Natchez;
secretary, w. A. Jefferson, Vicks-
burg: assistant secretary, Mrs. o.
lie Mae Melcher, Clarksdale; treas
urer, J. D. Alexander, Columbus;
sergeant at arms. George Simms,
Meridian; chaplain, Rev. H. G.
Gardner, Shaw; executive secre-
tary. C. Collins Harvey, Jackson;
members of the Executive Board
are E. w. Banks, Jackson, chair
man; E. W. Hall, Hattiesburg; |.
E. Fox, Grenada; Thomas Dillon,
Vicksburg; Carl Thompson, Port
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1946-06-22
CLIO Protests
Elections

RICHMOND, Va (ANP) a
strong protest has been filed with
the National Labor Relations
board by the Go against the May
20 election at the P. d. Gwaltney
Jr. and Company plant at Smith
field, Va. There are 80 Negro
workers in the plant who were al
legged to have been discouraged
from voting In favor of the Go,
1t is reported.
The union lost IS to 81 in the
balloting, the record shows, but
the CLIO has charged that a cam
paign of terror and intimidation
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1946-06-22

@. Does . disabled veteran who
h training on the job under Public
Law Is have to include his pension
In computing his income In relation
to journeyman's wages?
A. No. He does not include his
pension In computing his income in
relation to journeyman's wages.
XXX X
@. Can . teacher who Is on
IL month contract but works only
nine months In the year, attend
school In summer months and draw
subsistence II attending school full
time?
A. Yes. II he Is not employed full
time while pursuing the education
or training.
X x x
@. III . veteran was required to
sign . statement before discharge
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1946-06-22

1ngton to the Pentagon and from
the Pentagon to Washington
would sit wherever they pleased
on buses, despite the Virginia Jim
Crow law.
At first, there were incidents.
Drivers would stop their buses
and order colored employees of the
War Department to take seats in
the rear. The employees reported
these incidents to Hastie's office
and were told to call the company
offices and report the facts. Soon
the incidents quit happening.
The Navy Annex is beyond the
Pentagon in Arlington County.
Colored persons riding beyond the
Pentagon were required after the
bus left the Pentagon to move to
back seats. There were com
plants and incidents involving Ma
Wy employees who worked at the
Navy Annex. Soon the bus driv-
ers quit disturbing them. Wheth-
er the late Secretary of the Navy
Frank Knox interviewed in the mat
ter is not known.
THE AIRPORT
The one remaining stronghold
of Jim Crowism on federal prop
erty in the Virginia area adjacent
to the District of Columbia is at
the Washington National Airport
which is operated under the con-
troll of the Administrator of the
Civil Aeronautics Administration
Commerce Department. In case
you may not remember, the lib
eral Henry A. Wallace is the Sec
rotary of Commerce.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1946-06-22
MEHITUKIOUS AWARD

FREEHOLD, N. J.-(ANP)-
For splendid service cover and
above the line of duty" Edward
Bates, a Negro, of Matawan, n.
j., with a group of white civil
service employees of the naval am
munition depot at Earle, n. j., has
received a meritorious award from
the Navy for work during hur-
ricane on Sept. ID. 1914.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1946-06-22

Uniteo States or by any state on
account of race, color, or previous
condition of servitude.
QUALIFIED NEGRO CITIZENS
OF MISSISSIPPI, IN THE NAME
OF DEMOCRACY AND IT'S I'M
MORTAL FOUNDERS, ON JULY
SECOND, GO PEACEFULLY
AND WITHOUT FEAR TO THE
POLLS.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1946-06-22
Defiance Of


Continued From Page One)
pending of large sums of money
for election, the council said con-
sistency would deny Bilbo read
mission we're he renominated on
July Q
President Truman and the attor-
ney generals Office we're urged by
the council to send troops to Mis-
sissippi to insure suffrage justice
for Mississippi Negro citizens in
the primary voting.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1946-06-22
Negro Vet
Continued From Page Orel

fCcntirued From Page Onel
mention voting any more.
The affidavit then says that
after he left the courthouse it was
about an hour before his bus would
leave for jackson and while await
ing the arrival of the bus, an au-
to,nobile drove up in which four
white men were riding with the
door open and he was ordered to
get in the car and go with them.
Being unable to resist he got In
the car, and the car was followed
by another car loaded with white
men. Then, after goi g three or
four miles out in the woods ne
was forced to remove his clothes,
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1946-06-22

Gibson, and G. w. Lockett, Pasca-
goula.
President J. F. Brittenum will
represent the State Association at
the national meeting, August IL
Is, Atlantic City, N. J.
Evening star., 1946-08-26
Australia Asks
Probe Of Soviet
Reparations
MoIotov Responds
That Aussie Cities
Were Not Devastated
By the Associated Press

PARIS, Aug. 26.-An Austral-
ian delegate to the Peace Con-
ference today proposed that Rus
sia' be called on to Justify her
Ireparations demands" and asked
that a special "on-t -the-spot in
vestigation" be made of the abil-
ity of former European enemy
nations to pay the Soviet's $780,
000,000 demands.
E. Ronald Walker made the pro-
posal to the Economic Commission
for the Balkans after the Italian
Commission had approved two more
paragraphs of the preamble of the
italian draft treaty.
Soviet Foreign Minister V. M
Molotov responded:
Australia has not had her fields
cities and industries devastated"
Claims Called "Lenient."
He described Russia as 'lenient'
in asking for s30O,OOO,000 from
Romania when billions of dollars
of damage has been done" Mr.
Molotov pointed out that Russia hac
increased the time allotted for pay
ment from six to eight years.
Russia has asked reparations from
Romania, Finland, Hungary and
Italy. The United States. Great
Evening star., 1946-08-26

Ielt, lie GOlQ Une COMMISSION, is
the Russian text of some 25C
amendments proposed by peace
conference member states. He said
1T was to be expected that an even
larger collection of amendments to
the treaty drafts drawn up by the
Big Four would be proposed by va
rious invited powers. He implied
the conference has a long way to 60
1t is a mistake to suppose that
because, in the last few DAYS. the
peace conference here has produced
too few fireworks to merit promi-
nent position on newspaper front
pages, it is therefore begging
down" or ''petering out"
On the contrary. of course. it is
just getting started with its busi-
ness. The various commissions, the
rules under which they and the
plenary conference will operate now
established. have at last started to
sweat their way through the pro-
posed treaties, word by word and
line by line, trying to work out an
amended form in which the con-
ference can agree to send the
treaties back to the council of Big
Four foreign ministers for their
final decision as to what is to be
done with Italy, Romania. Hungary,
Bulgaria and Finland.
But to suppose that. because the
conference has cleared its proceed
ural hurdles, its path is now smooth
and straight would be equally mis-
Evening star., 1946-08-26
Jacobson Resigns
War Department Post

The War Department today re-
ceived and accepted the resignation
of Albert w. Jacobson, suspended
$9,975-a-year civilian employe of
the Chemical Warfare Service who
had been accused by the Senate
War Investigating Committee of
writing a report "whitewashing'
the Carson munitions combine
Maj. Gen. Alden H. Watt, chief
OF the service, said Jacobson, who
is still under investigation, had re-
ported for duty today at the ex-
piration OF one month suspension
He Immediately submitted his
resignation and it was accepted
without prejudice.
The War Department said its own
investigation has disclosed no un-
lawful conduct on the part of Jacob
son in connection with his Official
duties with the Chemical Warfare
Service. Its inquiry into the acts oi
jacobson and other War Department
personnel involved in matters
brought out by the Senate commit.
tee is Continuing" the War Depart
ment added.
Evening star., 1946-08-26
BY the Assoeioied Press

CHICAGO. Aug. 26.-Cattle
flooded into Union Stockyards
today in the largest regular re-
ceipts since 1924.
Values were lower al over the
price charts and buyers could not
begin to handle the available beef
animals. Bids were as much as 81 a
hundred pounds below the previous
seasons trade.
An estimated $1,000 head of cattle
were on sale and packers brought
in another 1000 on direct consign-
ment. Only in 1884 were receipts
higher in the last 20 years, but the
Agriculture Department said that
was an unusual circumstance ir
which the Government was running
large numbers of drought cattle
through from the Western plains
That was not considered regular
trade. department spokesman
added
! A bid of $50 was placed on prime
weighty steers, but they failed 1
sell early at that price. which
lequalled the new record set Satur.
day. Most choice steers and year
lings dropped So and the. practical
market top was $27 a hundred
weight.
| Hogs were as much as IS lower
than the last regular session Fri.
day and about 50 to $3.50 lower thar
La special trade day held Saturda,
to handle Unexpectedly large re.
lceipts from the country.
| A market top of $19 hundred
pounds went to good and choicl
butcher hogs but IS per cent Of TIL,
Evening star., 1946-08-26
Greatest Marketing Since "a
Floods Western Stockyurds

days, receipts consisted of soWs or
young butchers weighing under 18O
pounds.
Other markets throughout the
corn belt feeding area had similar
declining livestock values. At IN
dianapolis, Ind, hogs dropped mostly
81 a hundred pounds and steers
and heifers as much as 81 lower
than last weeks close. The market
at st. Louis was down as much as
$3.50 under Saturdays trade on
hogs, although cattle were about
steady. Omaha, Nebr., hog traders
brought prices down about SO below
Saturdays levels.
Earlier Agriculture Department
experts and livestock traders pre-
dicted heavy loss of potential meat
in the rush to get animals to market
before reimposition of price ceilings
Heavy receipts temporarily viii
increase the meat supply, expert.
said, but will forecast a gloom,
outlook for the coming winter a.
many Of the animals should remair
on farms to gain additional weight
l.. NJ. Wyatt, head of the live.
stock branch of the Production anc
Marketing Administration, said cat.
tie feeders this week are expected
Ito market everything they cam
| This movement, he said, "woulc
naturally reduce the meat suppl,
later in the year as normally the
cattle would be fed longer anc
come to market at heavier weights
The same situation is true of hogs.
Commission houses sent out wire.
over the week end urging producer,
to ship in their cattle before tht
fOPA ceiling deadline. Maximum,
are expected to be close to former
levels and far below present prices
Evening star., 1946-08-26
YugosIovio Demands
| 81 300, 900, 900 in
Damages From Italy
BY the Associsted Press

PARIS. Aug. 26.-Yugoslavia
has demanded $1,000 900 900
reparations from Italy, it was
disclosed today with publication
of the complete list of Yugo-
slavia's proposed amendments
to the five European peace
treaties.
The reparations amendment
proposed payments to Yugo-
slavia from share of indus
trial equipment useful in NUM-
tions manufacture. the Italian
merchant fleet and surplus gold
coin from the Bank of Italy.
Altogether Yugoslavia pro-
posed 80 amendments to the 5
treaties, % of them dealing with
Italy and the Trieste question.
Evening star., 1946-08-26

Britain and France did not include
reparations demands of any set fig
ure in the draft treaties that the
Foreign Secretaries Conference pre-
pared for the peace parley.
The Italian Commission to date
has passed on approximately 13 per
cent of the entire document. No
progress whatever has been made
on any of the other four treaties.
Nearly three and a half hours were
consumed in debate before 1s words
of a Netherlands amendment and
seven words of an Australian
amendment were adopted by the
Italian Commission and the fourth
and fifth paragraphs of the treaty
finally approved. There are more
than $1,000 words in the five
treaties.
Changes in Wording.
The Netherlands amendment,
adopted after revision, had the ef-
feet of giving to Italy greater rec
ognition for her part in, the war
against Germany. AS finally ap-
proved it read:
Whereas after the said armistice
the Italian armed forces, both of
the government and of the resist
ance movement, took an active part
in the war against Germany -"
This part of the amendment was
supported by Russia, as well as all
other members of the commission
except Yugoslavia. which ignored a
suggestion to make the adoption
unanimous.
The Netherlands agreed to with
draw the following words contained
in the original draft of the amend
ment: And Italy declared war on
Germany as from October 10, 1943,
and on Japan as from July Is, 1945,
and thereby became co-belligerent
against Germany and Japan"
1t was decided to withhold action
on part of the Australian amend
ment until later because it referred
tSee CONFERENCE page AL
Evening star., 1946-08-26
Misses Brough, Osborne
Win 5th Straight U. 5. Title
BY the Associated Press

BROOKLINE, Mass. Aug. 26.-
Louise Brough of Beverly Hills
Calf, and Margaret Osborne Of Sar
Francisco. wrote tennis history to-
day at Longwood by gaining Their
fifth straight national women's
doubles title with a speedy 6--1
|6-3 win over Mrs. Patricia Canning
Todd of La Jolla, Calf, and Mrs
Mary Arnold Prentiss of Los
Angeles.
The victors, who also triumphec
at Wimbledon. needed only 80 min
utes to erase the previous four -in-a-
row record set in this title event by
Alice Marble and Mrs. Sarah Palfrey
Cooke from 1937-40..
They romped through the first Sc,
in 13 minutes by permitting their
unseeded opponents to beat them
selves with their own errors. Mrs
Todd and Mrs. Prentiss became a bii
steadier during the second set, bu,
Miss Brough and Miss Osburne also
boosted their games, each winning
her last service game at love.