davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-11-27

phant' sale is just what you're looking for.
 You can buy hardware, cooking utensils, lamps, pictures, wide range of electrical appliances, books, even a complete set of andirons, tools and screen at the auction sale which is to be held at the Elks Hall at o'clock Sunday alter noon.
 All proceeds are to go to the Juneau Library Fund. The articles offered for sale were donated by Juneauties, and only go to show that one mems white elephant is another mans treasure.
 Go to the White Elephant sale and furnish your home in a style to which you are unaccustomed.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-11-27
WHITE ELEPHANT
 SALE ON SUNDAY

If you're a neWlywed or only have intentions; if you want to set up lighthousekeeping; if you want a better grade of merchandise than has teen available in most lines since before the war-then the Ju- neau Rotary Club "White le-
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-11-27
BARRAGApS DO II
 AGAIN ON ALLEYS

The Barragars did it again on the EiAs Alleys Monday, James making a score of 6o9 and Fred score of $40 for three games. Pecul- jar too, there were four 450 scores rolled
 Following are the individual scores by teams.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-11-27
SALvATl0N ARMY, MEMORIAL CHURCH
 IN UNION SERVICE

The annual united Thanksgiving service of the Memorial Presby- terian Church and The Salvation Army will he held on Thursday morning at 10:30 in The Salvation Army Hall on Willoughby Avenue.
 Brig. c. o. Taylor, Divisional Commander of the Salvation Army in Alaska, will be the speaker. A program of Thanksgiving music has also been arranged. The public is invited to attend this service.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-11-27

Drums were used in New Eng land churches before bells became common.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-11-27

America gave the world new and fully developed type of leather soled shoeS-the moccaSin
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Football Gate Mark Looms
With Big 1iIts On Today
BY the Assoeioted Press

NEW YORK, Sept. 28.-With such
standout attractions as Notre Dame
Illinois, Army Oklahoma, Indiana
Michigan and California Wisconsin,
todays college football menu offers
virtually all of the major teams
across the Nation in action.
And with the 1916 grid campaign
still competing with baseball for the
fans attention, this late-September
afternoon promises to see the au-
tumn sport well on it's way to some
new attendance records.
In their traditional intersectional
clash last night, Temple and South
ern Methodist played to a TT tie
before 10000 at Philadelphia. Up
at Boston, Wake Forest ruined Bos-
ton Colleges return to bigtime foot
ball by gaining a 1876 victory before
80 500.
University of Miami bested Will
liam and Mary, 1873, with 29,532
looking on; Georgia routed Clemson.
1912, in front of a record opening
crowd of $4,000 at Athens, Ga;
Kansas defeated Denver. 21-13:
Detroit bested Scranton, 1918; Fur
man pounded Wofford, 31-0. and
Southern California triumphed over
Washington State, 1877.
Evening star., 1946-09-28
By the Assoeiotsd Press

NEW YORK, Sept 28.-Tony
Zale of Gary, Ind, still is the mid
dleweight fighting champion, even
though they had to prop the old
gaffer up and lead him around very
carefully as he waved to the audi
ence after his knockout of Rocky
Graziano last night in Yankee Sta
dium.
Tony, the victor, looked like a
man who had been in hand-to-hand
combat with buzzsaw, and, some
how, much to his own astonishment,
had come out ahead.
End Surprise to Fans.
Up to the instant that Tony, a
tired 32-year-old, landed the left
hook that deposited Graziano for
the count of 10 midway of the sixth
round, most of the crowd banked in
the Yankee ball yard would have
bet their chance at sirloin that
the years were ready to take their
toll and that the 160-pound crown
was about to change hands.
Graziano, the rough, tough, right
hand crazy kid from New York's
East Side. had won three of the first
five rounds, grueling rounds that
had sapped the strength Of both
fighters and had smeared their faces
with blood. zale, making the first
defense Of his title after four years
in the Navy, looked spent as they
came together at the start of the
sixth,
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Ierps 10 Draw $1,000
AT Opener Tonight

A capacity crowd Of 11,000, the
first in the University of Maryland's
opening football game history, is
expected tonight when the Terps
meet Bainbridge NTS in Byrd Sta
dium at College Park at 8 o'clock.
Clark Shaughnessy, who last coached
Maryland in 1912, will start nine
regulars from the 1945 eleven that
won six, lost two and tied one.
With wealth of experienced ma
terial, Shaughnessy says there will
be no such thing as a first eleven
and he hopes to use the entire squad
of A players tonight. That is the
reason the expected key men in the
T formation, Tommy Mont and
Reds Wright, are not in the starting
lineup.
Bainbridge, a TO victim Of Aber-
deem in its opening game, is big and
young. but is not to be confused
with the great station teams of 1943
and "a. Chaplain Robert S. Sassa-
man, coach Of the Commodores, has
IA ex-collegians on his squad, in
clud1ng varsity men from Holy
Cross and Purdue, End Jim Dieckel-
man and Bill Deem, respectively.
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Di Maggie Vernon
|0iier From Yankees
by BIuege
by the Assoeiotsd Press

BOSTON, Sept. 2s.-Manager
Ossie Bluege Of the Washington
Senators claimed today his club
could get" Joe Di Maggie of the
Yankees for Mickey Vernon but
was not interested.
A suggestion that the Boston Red
Sox wanted Vernon. who currently
is leading Ted Williams for the
American League batting champion
ship, led Bluege to reply:
mo, but we could get something
for him from New York"
who do you mean-Joe Di Mag
gio?" asked the newsman.
That's right" answered Bluege.
"You could make the deal right
now"
Bluege was vague on some aspects
Of the Yankees offer to part with
the highly paid Di Maggie, who re-
portedly receives $42,500 a year
against $1,000 paid Vernon.
The Washington manager did not
say either whether Clark Grifflth,
willy owner of the Senators, agreed
with him in keeping Vernon.
There's been speculation among
sports writers whether the Senators
flrst-baseman, who is now hitting
1855, was just a one-year flash.
He'll hit $50 in AZ, If he swings
as he's done this year." said Ted
Williams.
He'll hit .320," put in Jimmy Fox,
former Red Sox slugger.
He'll hit 1885," commented
Bluege.
Bluege said he would like to get
Eddie Pellagrini, utility Red Sox in
fielder, but that he would not give
up Vernon in such a deal or "for
anybody in the league, including Joe
Di Maggie"
Pressing him, a sports writer
asked, "You mean Joe Di Maggie
was offered to you for Vernon"
Better than that" Bluege replied.
ASK MacPhail."
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Boycott by Horsemen
Menaces Laurel Meet
BY the Assoeiotsd Press

BALTIMORE, Sept. 28.-Reacting
swiftly to boycott of State tracks
voted by the Horsemen's Protective
and Benevolent Association, the
Maryland Racing Commission sched-
uled conference with HPBA repre-
sentatives Monday which may de-
eide the fate of fall racing here.
Dissatisfied with commission rules
calling for mandatory receiving
barns and biological saliva tests to
determine horse stimulations, the
association threw down its gauntlet
by resolving to boycott Maryland
tracks until these rules are modified.
But possible means Of compro-
mise was laid before the commission
today through a telegram by Dan
Chappell, Miami attorney for the
association, who wired:
why not abolish receiving barn
rule and maintain rat test before
race and chemical test following
race. This suggestion made seeking
harmony and desire to avert
conflict"
The telegram asked what possible
use receiving barns would serve If
"pre-race biological rat tests are ac-
curate as you contend to show stim-
ulation."
Declining comment on the tele-
gram, Commission Chairman George
P. Mahoney said: THE commission
will not tolerate the standard of
Maryland racing to be put in
jeopardy"
Whatever the commissions meas
ures to lift the boycott, speed was
indicated, since the 25-day meeting
at Laurel Park was scheduled to
open Wednesday. The HPBA claims
membership of IS per cent of Amer
lean horse owners and there ap-
peared little doubt that it could
cripple racing in Maryland.
Goss L. Stryker, Laurel president.
reported there were TOO horses in
the tracks stables and said every
effort would be made to operate next
Evening star., 1946-09-28

Columbia Country Club champion
ship. Bowie, who sought his fourth
straight title today against C. A.
Slater, jr., was down with 6 to
play against Corby. Slater, one of
Columbia's most improved players,
upset Maury Nee, and 2.
The drawn-out Federal Golf As
Sociation team series went right
down to the final match before FBI
defeated GPO, AZ, to win the class
B series at Indian Spring. The idle
FPC team dropped to second. Ches-
ter Jones and Elmer Rollins of FBI
won, 80, over Jimmy Lake and
Chilli Bernard, while Clarence
Purdy and Steve Dale of GPO won.
81, over Ortville McVay and Sam
Blase of FBI.
A net "a by Mrs A. G. Sinmonds
won honors by six strokes in the
weekly tournament of WASHINGTON
Golf and Country Club Women's
Golf Committee, a toss out three
worst holes" event. Mrs. r. E. Hotze
and Mrs. r. L. Hutchison tied for
second with 70s.
Evening star., 1946-09-28
WobbIing ZoIe Retains Title
By KO of Gruziuno in Sixth

And then, suddenly, as they stood
and slugged, with Graziano's multi
tude Of admirers yelling for the
24-year-old sensation to finish it,
Zale brought up what must have
been about the last shot in his
locker. 1t connected with Rocky's
jaw and Rocky hit the floor like
a ton of brick.
AS Referee Ruby Goldstein picked
up the count, Rocky rose from the
canvas and seemed to bunch himself,
keeping one knee on the floor. At
the count of 40" Rocky suddenly
jumped up, apparently under the
impression he was going to do
some more fighting. But Goldstein
grabbed him and wrestled him back
to his corner, and it was all over.
The time was 1:43 Of the sixth
round.
39,S27 Pay $342,497.
A total Of 39,s27 paid their way
into the bout and left a gross Of
$342, ,497, just over the $685. ,067 paid
to watch last weeks heavyweight
title affair between Joe Louis and
Tami Mauriello.
X-rays today disclosed that Zale
suffered Clipped bone in the right
thumb in the fight last night.
DR.. William Healey, New York
bone specialist, said Zale would be
forced to wear a cast for three weeks
and then undergo physiotherapy
treatment for another month.
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Hogan Holds 1-Stroke
Lead in Dallas Golf
By the Associoted Press

DALLAS, Tex, Sept. 28.-Ben Ho-
gan today held the lead in the Dali
las $10,500 open golf tournament,
but looking over his shoulder at
first prize money was Harry Todd
of Dallas, one stroke behind.
: Hogan, the former Fort Worth
caddy, shot 1-under-par 50 yes
terday to add to his 70 Of the day
before, while Todd also shot q So to
place beside his II Of Thursday.
Ellsworth Vines, Buck White and
Johnny Palmer were q stroke back
of Todd with 141s.
Hogan, Todd, Earl Stewart. jr., of
Dallas and Fred Haas, jr., of New
Orleans were the only players to
shoot subpar golf yesterday. All had
Sos except Haas, who racked up the
tournaments lowest score, SO. Stew
art and Haas had LASS for the two
days. &
Earl Stewards 145 total put him
In front of all the amateurs, includ-
ing the renowned Frank Stranahan
OF Toledo, who was stroke behind
Stewart.
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Skins Will Miss Atkins
In Debut Tomorrow

Frank Atkins, Redskin fullback,
will not be ready to face the Pitts
burgh Steelers tomorrow at Grinith
Stadium in the Tribes National
Football League debut. Atkins, Sec
ond leading groundgainer In the
circuit last season, has been out
two weeks with an injured knee and
his absence will be blow to the
Tribe.
The rest OF Coach Turk Edwards
men were in good shape for the fray,
Sal Rosato will replace Atkins in the
starting lineup, with Jacque Jenkins
spelling him of. AL Demao, center,
who missed last weeks game because
of twisted ankle. is OF the casualty
list and will see action
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Pro-Lody Golf Led by Houghton,
Mrs. Young; FBI Wins Federal

Indian Spring Pro Mel Shorey, a
trifie peeved over the tales that he
had nothing but pitch-and-putt golf
course, put the tee markers all the
way back, spotted the pins in tricky
places and plus advantage of a rainy
week, saw to it that nobody broke
par and only Al Houghton equaled
regulation 10 in the Pro-Lady event
yesterday.
Mrs. o. L. Young and Houghton
posted best ball 50 for three-way
deadlock with the host teams of
Shorey and Mrs. A. B. Bower and
Bobby Bowers and Mrs. C. B. Hart
man. Bowers. the assistant pro,
dropped 20-foot putt on the 18th
to make the triple deadlock. Shorey,
who won the event last year with
Mrs. K. S. Giles as a partner, was
/ under var for IS holes, but went
q over from that point as Mrs.
Bower came through in the best ball
play, Mrs. Hartman helped her
partner with nine shots.
Lew Worsham and Harry Griesmer
trailed Houghton by stroke in the
pro sweepstakes with Ills. Mrs.
Bowers 80 was best among the
women golfers.
Other pro sweepstakes scores:
Mel Shorey; 70: ROGER Peacock. "a:
george Diffenbaush, IS; Val Ruffo, 70:
Bobby Bower, rs: Dave Thompson rs;
Walter Boglcy, 70; Clagett Stevens, 50;
tommy Ryan, 81; Fred Mcleod, SO, Jim
DDuncan' no card Warner Gray, no card;
Dutch FahrenwaId, no card.
Buddy Bowie saved his best shot
for last, a 25-foot putt for birdie
on the 18th hole, to beat Karl Corby,
up, and enter the final of the
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Navy 1wo-Touchdown
Choice Over Vi||anoya
Speeiol Dispotch TO The Stor

ANNAPOLIS, Nd, Sept. 2s.-Navy
expected trouble from Villanova's s
Wildcats in its opening game today,
but the experts still picked Capt.
Tom Hamilton's hands to win by
a couple of touchdowns.
Villanova, with two games under
its belt, was expected to outweigh
the Midshipmen by comfortable
margin. But the Wildcats appar-
emily had lost one of their biggest
threats through the injury of Romeo
Capriotti, their leading ground
gamer last season. George Schrei-
Der, 220-pound freshman center
converted into halfback, was
slated to replace him.
Hamilton indicated that Villa
nova's weight might force Navy to
rely on an aerial attack. The Tars,
however, had Pistol Pete williams
to try the ends, and 190-pound Joe
Bartos to sample the Wildcat line
defense. Jake Welsh at quarter and
Bill McClain at fullback rounded
out Navy's starting backfield.
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Babe Seeks Amateur
Golf Crown Today
BY the Associated Press

TULSA, Okla. Sept. 2s.-Mrs.
Babe Didrikson Zaharias of Denver
Colo, nonpareil of Americas women
athletes-met slender, smooth swing
ing Mrs. Clara Sherman of Pasa-
dena, Calf, in a 36-hole duel today
for the 46th National Women's ANA
teur Golf championship.
The final, first since Mrs. Betty
Hicks Newell, now a professional
won the last tournament in 1941
pairs the survivors of a starting
field of 40 which started to play five
days ago over Southern Hills Coun-
try Clubs 6,232-yard course.
The erratic but brilliant Mrs:
zaharias, regarded as the longest
woman hitter in the game, earned
her bid by turning back determined
Helen Sigel of Philadelphia, 3 and 2,
in a close duel as Mrs. Sherman
breezed past Mrs. Betty Minis White
of Dallas. Tex. & and 7
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Buns, 81. Louis Face
Grim Opposition in
Last Two TiIts
By RoIph Roden
Associated Press Sports Writer

The first major league post season
playoff to decide a pennant loomed
today as the st. Louis Cardinals
and the Brooklyn Dodgers headed
into the final week end deadlocked
for first place in the National
League.
The co-leaders, with identical won
and lost records, have only two
games left to play. Both will be
at home. the Cards winding up
the season with the Chicago Cubs
tonight and tomorrow afternoon at
Sportsmans Park and the Dodgers
clashing twice with Bostons Braves
at Ebbets Field.
Chicago's Cubs, themselves in a
battle with the Braves for third
place, showed the Redbirds into a
f1rst-place tie with the idle Brooks
last night with To victory.
Bor0wy Repeats Sunday Win.
Hank Borowy, repeated his Sum
day win over the Cards-even to
the extent of the same score
hanging up his 18th victory al
though he was forced to retire in
the eighth inning because of a
blister on his pitching hand. Hooks
Wyse. originally scheduled to hurl
against the Birds tonight, took over
and stopped the Cards the rest Of
the way.
Paul Erickson will try to make 1t
two straight for the Cubs tonight.
Harry "The Cat" Brecheen has
drawn the starting assignment for
st. Louis.
Johnny Sain, who won his 2Oth
game at the expense of the Dodgers
last Sunday, will attempt to repeat
for the Braves today. Joe Hatten
will twirl for the Dodgers.
Even Brooklyn President Branch
Hickey was confident that the
Dodgers would win the flag. "I ex-
pect to see you at Ebbets Field for
the World Series" was his jubilant
reaction when he heard of the Cards
defeat.
Il am not surprised" said Hickey.
Il have had the feeling that we
were going to win the championship
for the past few weeks. I expected
the Cubs to take at least one, and
perhaps two, of the three games
from the Cards. We have two games
to go, and we won't lose any more.
So the least We can get is tie"
Feller Ties Listed S. o. Mark.
In the American League, Bob Eel
Ter, Cleveland Indians great right
handler, struck out six Detroit bats
men in a f1ve-inning relief stint, to
tie Rube Waddell's listed major
league record of 343 strikeouts in
single season and defeated the IT.
gers, 9 to 8. A recent research, how
ever, revealed that Waddell in 1904
actually famed 349-more than the
official record credits him with.
The Chicago White Sox moved to
within a half game of the fourth
place Washington Mats by taking
both ends of a twin bill from the
st. Louis Browns, 7-3 and S-3. Ed
Lopat and Frank Papish gained
credit for the wins.
In the only other National League
game, the Cincinnati Reds, behind
the fiye-hit pitching of Joe Beggs,
shut out the Pittsburgh Pirates. 80.
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Frisch Out as Buc Pilot
'y the Associated Press

PITTSBURGH, Sept. 28. - Ray
Kennedy, general manager of the
Pittsburgh Baseball Club. announced
today that Frank Frisch, manager
since 1910, has resigned, effective
Immediately, and that Coach Virgil
(Spu0 Davis, will take over until
the end Of the season.
Frank E. Mckinney, new Pirate
president, reported the Frisch resig-
nation after q "very friendly and
very amicable" conversation.
Evening star., 1946-09-28
By O Stoff Corrsspondsn. Of The s,o,

BOSTON, Sept. 28.-If there's any
resemblance between the winner of
the National League pennant and
the Washington Nationals, now is
as good time as any to draw con-
clusions as to the winner in the
World Series.
Trying out his pitchers for size,
so to speak, Manager Joe Cronin
sent Tex Hughson to the mound
yesterday and Tex, after a bit OF a
struggle, won a 5-4 decision over a
quartet of Washington pitchers. It
was Hughson's Goth victory and a
peculiar sort of a win it was, too.
He was hanging on the ropes more
times than zale and Graziano to-
gether. He gave up II hits, but at
the same time struck out eight.
He was, at times, terrific with his
binding speed against a notably
left-handed hitting team. At other
times Mr.. Hughson wasn't the best
pitcher in the business. The Sox
took SO lead and it was all Hugh
son could do to hold it.
Must Battle for Fourth Spot.
When Hughson began to waver he
had some help from the Mats and,
strangely, Mickey Vernon con-
tributed to the cause. While vir-
tually clinching the American
League batting title with his two
hits, Vernon also qualified as the
worlds worst baserunner when he
failed to score from first in the
seventh inning on a two-bagger by
Stan Spence. This was one of the
longest doubles hit in Boston this
year, but Vernon, who apparently
forgot two men were out, failed to
break on the drive and he wound I'D
on third base and remained there,
a battling champ but no baserunner.
The Mats aren't very happy as this
new day dawns. They can lose
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Football Scores
'y the Assoeioisd Press

Southern California, 13; washington
The Citadel. r; Presbyterian, g.
Drake, 2: Texas Mines, Q
southeastern Louisiana, Is; Louisiana
College, 8.
Emporia tKans.), 26; Haskell, 7.
Kansas, FL: Denver, I3,
Montana. 26: Colorado ,Aegies, o.
Iowa WESLEYAN .12; Culver Stockton, g.
Auburn, 13: Miss. Southern, l2.
Navy Jsyvees, 90; Jacksonville Naval
Newport News Apprentice, 20: Randolph
Macon, 13.
Georgetown {Ky), As: cedarville, O..
Mt. Union, 12;- Findlay. o.
sosstsssst stas. 3 fMoo State s; Arkansas
Days -Elkins; 10; Shepherd tva)
Georgia, 35 Clemson, 12.
West Chester Pa) Teachers, 12;
Detroit. 3Z; scranton. 13.
Furman, 81: Wofford, o.
Temple. z: Southern Methodist, (tie).
Southwestern CKans.), rs; Baker, 0.
Wake Forest, IL; Boston College, g.
Miami CFla.), 13; William and Mary 8.
on-Newman, II: Western North Caro-
lima State, q.
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Hanback, Again Big Gun
As 6. W. High Beats Lane

Three games for Alexandria s
George Washington High football
team have established Lee Hanback,,
165-pound halfback, as the big
gun there. He scored all three of the
Presidents touclldowns in their
opening game; last week he passed
to the touchdown that gave them a
tie. and last night he gobbled up
yardage on two drives that put G
w. In position for the scores that
gave it a 1877 triumph over Lane
High of Charlottesville.
Evening star., 1946-09-28
First Major P|ayoff Looms as Cards Fall to Tie
High Series Hot Sturt Marked
By Defeat of Eastern Champs
By George Huber

this it will get when Stan King re-
turns in about three weeks. Its de-
fenses are excellent. particularly in
the line where Cliff Browne was a
standout, and at both ends.
In the backfield. it was Tex Jones
and Bobby Rohr supplying the pow
er. Central racked up nine first
downs to Coolidge's seven. but the
Vikings were stopped outside the
Colt IS every time, A second-period
65-yard march got Coolidge its
touchdown, long runs by Jones and
Rohr reaching the ID, from where
Jim studley pounded over in three
frieS
Evening star., 1946-09-28

public high school football ranks for
new champion to supplant Eastern
for more than two years undefeated
in the series until yesterday, when
Western turned it back, 1876. The
setback doesn't put the Ramblers
out Of the race, but some of the
other schools unveiling their 1916
editions in opening games yesterday
notably Coolidge and Tech, showed
they probably have more power than
Eastern can muster this fall.
Coolidge blanked Central, TO,
scoring with a second-period touch
down and taking no chances there
after while holding the Vikings near
midf1eld. Techs Bob Bugs Thomp-
son put on one-man show as Will
son, last years runnerup, was
trimmed, 1918.
Completing the opening game
schedule was today's tilt at Central
stadium between Roosevelt and Ana
costa.
Attendance was excellent yester-
day. 1000 turning out a Central
stadium, $500 at Western and 1000
at Wilson.
Western Screen Pass Tells.
Western came through with a
screen pass to score over Eastern
in the games closing minutes, end
ing drive from midfleld with Don
Strain Tipping to Hoss Hostettler
for the 16-yard payoff play. East
ern's lone flash of power came at the
start Of the game when 1t took the
opening kickoff and marched 10
yards for its tally. Jerry Osborne
and Clarence Morgan alternated
with the ball. with Morgan smash
ing over from yard out. Western
retaliated before the half with an
1S-yard-pass play, Norm Wacker to
Jack Castro.
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Mats 4th-PIoce Grip Menoced
As Red Sox Tune for Series

fourth place in the standing to the
Chicago White Sox today and to-
morrow and if they do there's going
to be trouble. There isn't whole
lot OF harmony a-floating around
the Mats to begin with and the
money for fourth place isn't very
important. After withholding taxes,
etc., the Mats wouldn't collect much
more than $3.50 apiece for finishing
fourth
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Bethesda 1870 Victor
Over Montgomery Hiqh

Bethesda Highs football team is
of to a fast start in it's second sea-
son on the gridiron, defeating Rich
ard Montgomery of Rockville, 1870,
at Bethesda yesterday. Dave Par
klnson scored for the Barons on a
pass from Bill Briggs in the second
and Bob Lynch returned a punt rs
yards in the fourth quarter.