davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-01-07
Supreme Court Hears
Arguments Today on
Yamashita Sentence
BY the Associated Press,

1
| The Supreme Court called for
arguments today on whether to
step into the case OF Japanese
Gen. Tomoyuki Yamashita, un-
der sentence to died for Philip
pines atrocities.
This is the high courts first en-
counter with the case of convicted
war criminal. Its decision may de-
eide the course of other war crimes
hearings under way or planned in
the Pacific area.
Yamashita asked in airmailed Pc
titions that he be brought from
Manila to Washington for a hear
ing before the Supreme Court or one
OF its justices. Instead, three of
the American Army lawyers who
were appointed to defend him in
his Manila trial were flown here
to represent him.
One month ago today-on . the
fourth anniversary of Pearl Hafbor
"a flve-member American military
commission decreed death by hang
ing for the Tiger of Malaya."
Action Set Precedent.
The commissions action was pre-
cedent-Setting in international law
in that Yamashita was condemned
for condoning uncounted atrocities
by his troops.
On this point, the conqueror of
Singapore and former Japanese
commander in the PHILIPPINES pro-
tested to the Supreme Court:
"The war crime of subordinate,
committed without the order, au-
thority or knowledge of his superior,
is not the war crime of the superior.
The pleadings in this case do not
allege that the petitioner Yama-
shita) ordered, authorized or had
knowledge Of the commission of any
OF the alleged atrocities.
"It cannot properly be contended
that the commanding general of an
American occupational force be-
comes criminal every time an
American soldier violates the law.
/" 1t Is the basic premise of all
civilized criminal justice that one
man is not held to answer for the
crime of another"
Plea for Writ Fails.
Yamashita's lawyers first tried un-
successfully to have the Philippine
Supreme Court grant him a writ of
habeas corpus-to take him out of
the hands of the military.
In appealing to the Supreme Court
here, they argued that the island
Supreme Court was wrong in finding
that the American Military Com
mission was acting properly be-
cause, they said, there was no mar
tial law, no military government of
occupied territory. and no active
hostilities" in the Philippines.
Further, they said there was moth
ing in the record to show that Con-
gress or the President authorized
appointment of the commission.
Justice Department lawyers will
oppose these arguments.
Solicitor General j. Howard Nc
Grath in brief already presented
to the court contended that a civil
tribunal may not question the au-
thority of military commission
created by the Army in a combat
field. A military tribunal, Mr.. Nc
Grath said, is not court but is
branch of the executive arm of the
Government.
The court after hearing three
hours Of argument will announce
later whether 1t will take any fur
ther steps in the case. It recently
ordered Yamashita's execution
stayed, pending final action.
Evening star., 1946-01-07
New War Crimes LIST
Planned 10 Include
High Jap Officials
BY the Associated Press.

TOKYO, Jan. 7.-Supreme head
quarters will issue at least one more
major list of Japanese war criminal
suspects to engulf high government
officials who might escape the latest
sweeping directive for a political
purge, Brig. Gen. Elliot r. Thorpe
declared today.
The chief of counterintelligence
said he had talked the matter over
recently with Gen. Macarthur, who
had left open the question of future
arrests.
Gen. Thorpe likewise served no
tice that Japanese officials who re-
sign under Gen. MacArthur's order
last week to remove from office all
those who helped lead Japan fc
war might still be prosecuted by
Allied courts.
The Japanese press published
stories saying the order had created
Japan's greatest political confu-
sion," challenging the future OF
Premier Shidehara's ch-criticized
cabinet.
500 May Lose Jobs.
The newspaper Mainichi said ths
cabinet was unable today to decide
what to do about Gen. Macarthur
blunt order and that much depended
on a meeting of Foreign Minister
Shigeru Yoshida and Gen. Mac.
Arthur, possibly today. Headquar.
ters said no meeting had been ar.
ranged, however.
A government source estimated
that at least 500 top-ranking OH.
cials would lose their jobs and. thai
several thousand Japanese Office.
holders of lesser rank had been dis.
qualified as a result of the order.
The paper Asahi reported thai
Shidehara, still i'll, had notified yes.
terday's cabinet session that II in.
tend to carry on by affecting {
renovation of the cabinet" Chic.
Cabinet Secretary Daizaburo Tsugits
refused to confirm this, but did say
that it was "a logical story"
Resignation Demanded.
The Social Democratic Party
bluntly demanded that the govern
ment resign en- masse because it ha6
demonstrated that it lacks power te
meet the current situation"
Some newspapers predicted thai
it would resign. The Nippon San.
gyo, for instance, predicted it woulo
quit en- masse within a few days
And Yomiuri termed the cabinet
"hopelessly incapable"
By late morning, officials were still
undecided whether the cabinet
would hold full session today
Ministers were available for a spe-
cial meeting, however, If Yoshida
did meet Gen. Macarthur and OBJ
tain additional guidance.
Meeting Scheduled.
A regular cabinet meeting Is
scheduled tomorrow.
Kyodo news agency speculated to-
day that Japan's first postwar gen.
eral election would be held in mid.
February, and that the date woulc
be announced soon as the result oI
Gen. MacArthur's new directive.
disqualifying ultra-nationalists from
seeking Office.
The supreme Allied commander
will approve the final date when HI
is convinced that maximum precau.
tions have been taken to insure
free balloting, informed source.
have said.
Evening star., 1946-01-07
Mon Kills Self on Steps
OF Jersey Police Stotion

BY the Associated P;ess.
CAMDEN. N. j.. Jan. John
William Benin. so, shot and killed
himself on the front steps of police
neadquarters yesterday in full view
OF Desk Sergt. Earl Cunningham
VINO said he was unable to interfere
Sergt. Cunningham said he saw
the man draw small revolver from
ms pocket. place the muzzle against
his right temple and fire.
a note In the mans pocket said
L have cancer Of the stomach. 50
mere 1 go. Have me cremated. I'm
so sorry ="
Evening star., 1946-01-07
ATC Plons to Close
Four Bases in Orient
By The Associated Pres.

0y tne Assoclated Pre6s,
BATAVIA, Jan. THE American
Air Transport Command will close
Its bases in Batavia, Saigon, RAN
COON and Running this month, ATC
ofncials from Calcutta said yester-
day.
ATC bases will be maintained at
Manila. Bangkok. Singapore, Chung
king, Calcutta, New Delhi and
karachi. the officials said. But the
India command will be dissolved and
moved to Paris to join the European
division.
Evening star., 1946-01-07
u. 5. Representatives
Are Withdrawn From
|Mountbatten' S Staff
b. the Associated Press.

The United States ended its last
vestige Of participation in the joint
Southeast Asia Command yester-
day, leaving all future operations in
that political hot spot up to Britain.
This was disclosed in q two-sen-
tence announcement by the COM
bined chiefs of staff, composed of
the high commands of the United
States and Britain. The announce
ment said:
Since participation of United
States forces in the India Burma
campaign has ended and the United
States does not envisage participate
ing In future operations incident to
the disarmament of japanese troops
and the restoration of civil govern
ment in the territories under SEAC,
the combined chiefs of staff consid-
er that 1t is no longer necessary
from a military point of view for
Admiral Mountbatten (the supreme
allied commander) to retain a fully
integrated British United States
headquarters. Therefore, United
States representation at SEAC will
henceforth be limited to intertheater
liaison"
The announcement had signifi-
canoe In view of the current strife
IN the East Indies. especially in
Java, where British and Dutch force:
are battling with the Indonesian Or
ganizations.
While the United States, as a
member of SEAC, shared in the
original decision to send troops into
Java, 1t since has demonstrated a
political coolness to British activities
there. No American personnel has
Inquired in the military operations
and the State Department requested
weeks ago that the British remove
all American labels from any lease
lend arms used in the civil disturb
ances in that part of the world
American Army civil government
personnel have steered clear of the
area.
No American combat forces have
been In the Southeast Asia COM
mand since last June, when the
Japanese were driven from Ran
COON. American land forces never
moved south of Mandalay. although
ar units continued support of Brit
Ism columns until they reached Ran
goon. Thereafter all American com
bat units, both air and ground
started northward for the China
theater.
Even at the peak of the SEAC
campaign against the Japanese
american forces were far outnum-
oered by British troops.
The Valley settler., 1946-01-25
PAGE Il

Tho next meeting or the Volunteer Fire
 Fighting organizat ion will be in the LOOSE HALL on January 30, l946. All thosel
 interested arc invited to attend. Plans arc going ahead to secure Fire Fightl
 ing equipment from the Tar Surplus property The charge of $lo. DOT member for Fire Protection for his property is tentative and nay be changed according to the needs of tho QrErn izat ion
The Valley settler., 1946-01-25
HE2G 6 THERE PIT lEETlIG in JAlTu.RY EUGZ SUCCESS

PIT lgITTlIG in JAlTu-RY HUGZ SUCCESS Tho Pot Luck Dinner attended by over a hundred parents and teachers vas much on- joycd. Tho meeting y7as sponsored by tho teachers and Mrs. Virginia Pine was cha ir- mn. liter tho dinner, Kodachrome picture wy Donald Poyic, and musical number by
 Try "imlcr, a most interesting di iscussio
 school athletics took p1aco. Many 1hings uorc. brought to light regarding tho financing Of basket ba11 trips, & the importance Of athletics as q moons of teachinc good sport snon ship, coopcro tion, end team Uorlc to tho student 8. Lnny folt thot it vas one of the best meetings of tho year.
 DID YOU EIJOU--t that if you got to tho Valley Theatre by o'clock ct nito--you are in tine for tho start of the feature picturo--and in fact won't miss out on any of the ontiro shoT--conodios or sho rts-- for another shoU starts ot 9:15. ADV.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1946-08-29

ROHMAN-WARNE, Inc.
IS West Franklin Street
HAGERSTOWN, MD.
o. p. BOHMAN, Inc.
Tires
80 WEST FRANKLIN ST.
BTKLE'S SHOE SHOP
IL North Potomac Street
HAGERSTOWN, MD.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1946-08-29

Everyone knows thdt hdmmer is used 10 drive nols. And
anyone whose carpentry is quite perfect knows thdt
hammer hos dnoher removes the nails thdt mper-
fectlY driven.
Mon would be sorry victim Of his mistdkes he did
have tools 10 correct his errors well achieve his aims
We need erdsers well pencils tpentne we'll point
medicines as well as food.
Mons spiritual needs in this respect different n his
physical needs We need inspiring. compelling driving
Power TO achieve ho which is right We need sympathetic,
forgvng correcting Power from lives thdt which
is wrong
The Church offers both Through it's worship it's teaching
its activities inspires to fo in God Through prayers
its preaching it's Communion helps seek d to find the
forgiveness God hos so generously promised.
Evening star., 1946-09-08
u. 5. Printing Industry
Harassed by Controls,
Leader Tells Farley
BY the Associotsd Press

ATLANTIC CITY, N. j., Sept. Z.
The Nations printing industry is
"as harassed as hop toads on a
hot griddle" by labor and paper
costs, Jane r. Newcomb of New
York, president of Printing Industry
of America, Inc, said in an annual
report to be distributed tomorrow.
| Mr.. Newcomb's report, which said
the industry was facing some Of
the most difficult operating prob
lens in its history" was to be
distributed to more than 500 dele
gates to the Goth annual printing
industry convention, which begins
here Monday.
The report said the cost of labor
rose during the past year more
than other costs, but now 1t bids
fair to 60 through the skylight."
Cites Labor Costs.
In the section devoted to labor,
Mr.. Newcomb said:
The ratio of labor costs to SELL
ing price in an average of 86 ma jor
industries is "a per cent. In the
United States commercial print
ing industry as whole, it is 80
per cent. In the magazine printing
section of our industry it runs as
high as so per cent.
The trade unions in the COM
mercial printing industry have been
more demanding and more insistent
in their demands than the unions
in most industries.
Last year. when the average in
crease in most industries was 1872
cents per hour, the increase in our
industry was 25 cents or more. This
year when most industries have so
far managed to avoid q so-called
second round increase, our industry
is faced with the greatest demands
from labor that it has had to meet
in Is years"
Higher Prices Justified.
Mr.. Newcomb said the industry
could justify higher prices for its
products in light of increased prices
for other goods and services and
because labor was the biggest factor
in printing production costs. He
said the industry had no serious
problems of war conversion and re-
conversion.
The paper shortage, Mr.. Newcomh
said, has been severe for five years
but since the war, with the resump-
tion of free market, except fol
price control, the situation has be-
come aggravated.
Although paper manufacturers
have made every effort, Mr.. New
comb said, they are faced now with
a serious shortage of pulp.
Meeting with PIA are several other
printing and allied industry groups
including the National Printing
Equipment Association, representing
manufacturers Of printing machin-
cry, the National Association of
Printers Roller Manufacturers, the
Master Printers Section, represent
ing open shop printers, the Union
Employers Section representing
closed shop printers, and the Label
and Seal Group, representing label
manufacturers.
Evening star., 1946-09-08
BY tho Associated Pres.

NEW YORK, Sept. Three
little sisters, freshly washed and
neatly dressed, were left on the
steps of an orphanage today by
their father who left a note saying
he would be back for them as soon
as he got back his job.
One of the girls was 3 years old
and the others-twins-were Az.
Police said the note indicated the
father lost his job trying to be
both a mother and father to the
children the last three months 1t
added that the children had no
mother, but didn't explain what
happened to her.
I'm not running away" the note
concluded. Il am going to the
police department within 48 hours
and give myself up and answer
all questions. Do not think am
abandoning my children. 1 am
going to try to get them a home,
but I can't do that and at the
Evening star., 1946-09-08
Father, Seeking Work, Leaves
3 Daughters on Orphunuqe Step

same time be both father and a
mother to them"
The note named the twins as
Milagro and Socorro, and their sis
ter as Marie Elaine.
The note was signed but only the
first name was clear. 1t was Ber-
nard. The surname was blotted
by ink but police said 1t looked
like "Rondi" and they listed it that
way in their records.
Evening star., 1946-09-08
Daily D. C.-Porkersburg
Air Service Scheduled

Daily airline service between
Washington and Parkersburg, W.
Va, is to be inaugurated today by
American Airlines with a flight
scheduled to leave here at 9:10 am.
and arriving at Parkersburg at
Ills. Return flights will leave
there at 1857 am. arriving at Ma
tional Airport at 1853 pm.
With the start of the new sched-
ule, Parkersburg will officially open
its new $4.000,00O airport to serve
the Parkersburg Marietta, Ohio
area.
Evening star., 1946-09-08
ADVERTISEMENT.
Kill Your Piles?

OF course you can't actually kil Piles, but
within few minutes after the drst applica-
tion Chine -Reid usually starts curbing the
miseries of Piles in ways: !. Soothes and
eases pain and itching. 2. Helps shrink
BY comforting irritated membranes and al
ieviates nervousness due to Piles. Get Chine
Reid from your druggist today. Guarantee Of
money back unless delighted. Don't suffer
another day without trying chiaa.k
Evening star., 1946-09-08
Richmond Office 10 Receive
GI Insurance Premiums

National Service Life Insurance
premiums, heretofore mailed to New
York, now should be addressed to
the Richmond branch ONCE of Vet
Grams Administration, World War II
veterans in the Washington area
were advised yesterday by Chester
F. Naumowicz, manager of the
regional ONCE.
The change does not affect Gov
ernment Life Insurance held by
World War I veterans, who should
continue to mail premiums to the
Veterans Administration, Washing
ton Is, D. c., 1t was said.
World War II veterans should
make their checks payable to the
Treasurer Of the United States and
mail them to Insurance Collection
Unit, Veterans Administration, 900
North Lombardy street, Richmond
20, Va. The policy number, be-
ginning with either N or v, should
accompany all payments.
Over-the-counter payments can
be made at the Veterans Admins
tration Offices at 300 Indiana avenue
NV, Room 1923, or at Vermont
avenue and H street NV.
Evening star., 1946-09-08
Mrs. Porter to Speak
For Girl Scouts Todoy

Mrs. Paul Porter, wife of the
OPA administrator, will speak on
behalf of the Girl Scouts of this
region over Station WINK at 4:45
pm. today.
Mrs. Porter Is a member of th2
National Board OF Directors of the
Girl Scouts. Her talk is to be spon-
sored by the Community Chest Fed
Grafton OF the National Capital
Area.
Evening star., 1946-09-08

Mexico's mining industry is rejoic-
ing over removal Of taxes estimated
at $l0,000,000 q year-the first step
to ease its heavy tax burden.
Evening star., 1946-09-08

: Syria produced more than So
900 tons OF figs In the last year.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-07-23
LIBERIA GRATEFUL
FOR j. :. AID

WASHING GTON, July 22
(ANP)-Liberia is grateful to the
United States for the services rem
dered by the Foreign Economic ad-
ministration and the u. S. Public
Health service. In a recent publica-
tion in Monrovia, the work of
Frank E. Pinder, agricultural ex-
pert, was praised for arousing "en-
thusiasm and hope in the feelings
of the man on the farm and the
man in the bush whose interests
were being served" An article also
attributed the decline of malaria
and other diseases to the effects of
a public health mission. At the
same time, an appeal was made
for Negro physicians to come to
Liberia.
In discussing the agragrian stu
alton in Liberia, the editorial said
the mission was confronted by a
raw and hostile environment and
enmeshed in a paganism that was
both unyielding and often aggres-
sively unfriendly. Liberia constant
ly has labored under an economic
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-07-23

handicap. The people were thrust on
their own too soon. Not economics,
but political issues engaged the
geniuses of our minds, and political
duties the bulk of our manpower. !"
The FEC has brought great
light into a more perplexing situa-
tion," the writer said. Modern
methods were introduced, bringing
more and better crops, improved
cattle and an increasing abundance
of fresh vegetables for our tables
and for our health"
Mr.. Pinder formerly was with the
department of agriculture and was
one of the outstanding Negroes in
the field service. He formerly
served with the Farm Security Ad-
ministration, being loaned to the
FEC for this mission as a senior
agriculturist.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-07-23
THEATRICAL LANDMARK
TO BE RAzED FOR
HOUSING PROJECT

CHICAGO, July % (ANP)-.
With demolition of the Pekin Inn
police station, once the famed Pekin
theater, to make way for housing
project on the southside here, Chi
cago will note passing of a land
mark of the Negro theatrical world.
Once a vaudeville house where
numerous Negro acts started ca
reers, which led them to Broadway
and fame, the Pekin reached it's
peak about 1915. Also home of the
Pekin stock company, pioneer
group dedicated to the legitimate
stage, the Pekin was the scene of
some of the finest dramatic produc
tions of the day.
For a number of years the Pekin
stock company had regular seasons,
with plays running from two weeks
to several months, depending on
their popularity. Dramas, musical
comedies, farces, all were included
in the presentations. Backed by Bob
Motifs, a sportsman-gambler and
one of the best business minds of the
day, losses of the company were ab-
sorbed by him. Most of the time,
however, it was a paying venture.
Well known stage names, which be-
gan their spiral upward to fame at
the Pekin, included: Abbie Mitchell,
actress and singer; Shelton Brooks,
author Of "Some of These Days"
Miller and Lyles, comedians, later
with Shuttle Along; A d h
Banks; Harrison Stewart, famed
early comedian; Ed Johnson, i'm
presario extraordinary, and Jerry
Mills, actor and straight man.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-07-23
VETERANS AWAIT REAvER
SCHOOL APPROVAL
UNDER 81 BILL

Veterans from the Reaver Schoo
of Chiropractic entitled to educa-
ton under the CT Bill of Rights, met
with Governor Lausche today to
confer on the delayed approval OF
the Reaver School by Veterans Ad-
ministration. Governor Lausche as
sured the students they could enter
another approved school in the
state. An immediate telephone call
established the fact that the Reaver
School of Chiropractic was the only
Chiropractic School open to all
races.
Governor Lausche assured the
students that an immediate and
thorough investigation would be
made of the Chiropractic and Medi-
cal situation in the State of Ohio.
Mr.. George Rinier of the Inter-
national Chiropractors Association
acted as legal technician for the
students. Gov. Lausche assured the
students they aOould study Chiro-
practic in an Ohio school and if the
Reaver School was the only school
admitting Negroes then the State
would recognize this school.
DR.. Reaver stated it is another
passing of the buck" whenever the
Negro question comes to the fore.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-07-23
COLONIAL TROOPS ACCUSE
CONTINUED from Page -

CONTINUED from Page y
This was granted on the condition
that we all go barefooted. This was
presumably to confirm the impress
sion which had been made to the
Indians that Africans know nothing
about shoes. We refused to do so and
prepared to abandon our request.
Thereupon, the commanding officer
of the unit (who was later shot in
the jungle, presumably by the Japs)
compelled us to march barefooted
to the CITY,"
He still recalls the signs he saw
in India that said in bold charac-
ters: "Out of Bounds to Africans.
White British officers frequently
told African troops, "you black
monkeys were never invited to this
war, and if you all die we will indent
for more" They were often asked:
"Why were you Africans ever born?
Are you a part of our empire or
not?"
Colonial troops were frequently
the object of indignities designed to
destroy their manhood.
Suppose an African who obtains
a permit to visit the city happens to
miss his way and gets late, he meets
a military policeman who inquiries
from him what unit he is FROM"
the African soldier recounts. "He
then gets hold of the unit and con-
facts the European official in
charge.