davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1939-1949, 1946-06-20
Thursday, Jun. ),

of our railroad and by active assistance to asll'
culture and industry, Northern Pacific does ~
best to keeps all the lights bright along Main Street
Evening star., 1946-12-13
Ample Ground for Worry

from the san D1eso UNION =.
Herbert Morrison, British parliamen-
tary leader, has justifiable worry. He
fears an invasion of the British Isles
by American radio commercial broad
casts and urges the government to take
steps
Even the worst American Anglophobes
can sympathize with Mr.. Morrison in his
dread Of the intrusion Of our radio brand
of advertising into the British ether. For
1t is q matter of common observation
that while our air commercials are
growing in quantity, they are declining
III possible quality.
Where once the sales talk was q mere
interlude in the program. 1t has now
become the major item. Turn the dial
where you will these days and you will
find some impassioned voice apostro.
phidng . new nea powder or reducing
pill.
Britisher Morrison's suggestion that
Parliament should take steps Is excel-
lent. It might be good idea for our
own Federal Communications Commis-
sion also to make some move toward
protecting American customers from the
overdose Of cheap commercials We have
been getting.
Evening star., 1946-12-13
Democracy in Industry
By Rnyn,ond MoIey

because MANAGEMENT knew how to pro-
duce what the Army and Navy wanted,
rs soon as the Army and Navy knew
what they wanted. Vast progress was
made in the technique of production
during the war, and the gaps OF labor
leaders knowledge became wider. They
know this and hence limit their de-
mands to a larger share in the product
and to measures, like the unionizing
Of foremen, which will hamper manage
ment.
European experience with democracy"
in management is sad tale. After the
First World War, unions in Italy took
over various factories and made q
terrible mess Of it. German workers,
In the short revolution of 19l8-19, were
practical enough not to try manage
ment. They limited their claims to
membership in boards Of directors and
set up an overall German Economic
Parliament or Reichs Economic Council.
This experiment was deplorable. Labor
members never comprehended the COM
plexitieS OF cost accounting, marketing,
finance and foreign trade.
Another feature Of American unions
makes the idea Of participation In
management even more impractical
than 1t proved itself In Europe. There
is little democracy in the unions them-
selves. The dictatorship Of men like
Lewis and Whitney is largely based not
only on provisions In union conStitu-
tions, but on the economic power derived
from initiation fees, dues and other
union funds.
Politics has been better provider
for our union leaders than has knowl-
edfe of business administration. Power
without responsibility u the result.
(A4lsassd ~ Associated Msxsrapsra xnsJ
Evening star., 1946-12-13

81 force by ths sender on the r6cip-
tent to compel compliance with the
demands made. That was because
there was no international author
ity which could obtain redress for
the alleged offense. Today. there
exists such an authority In the shape
Of the Security Council OF the United
Nations. There is the measure OF
the advance made, at least In theory,
In the conduct of international at
fairs. Provided that the competence
OF the Council is confirmed and i'm
plemented, no nation need hence
forth take unilateral action for the
redress Of grievances which 1t has
suffered at the hands OF another.
Thereby, great forward step will
have been taken toward the elimi-
nation of war from the world.
Evening star., 1946-12-13
Make 1t Compulsory

Local tramc auLnOrltleS nave gOOO
reason to be concerned over the
growing menace OF drunken driving
A tabulation Of traffic arrests for the
;first ten months of this year shows
that more than twice as many per-
sons have been brought into court
for this serious offense than during
the similar period year ago. Part
of the increase may be attributable
to stricter enforcement, but officials
assert that the chief reason is an
alarming rise in the number of i'm
toxicated drivers in recent months.
In October, for example there
were "a cases of drunken driving, as
compared with 10 in October of 1945;
"a in September of this year against
8 q year ago, and total OF 241 from
January until November l of this
year, In contrast to 113 for that
period last year.
These increases occurred In spite
Of q tendency on the part OF judges
to impose sitter penalties on alco-
holic motorists and in spite of the
removal from the streets of Offend
ing drivers for varying periods,
through suspension or revocation OF
their licenses. In addition to assess
ing heavier fines, ranging up to $500,
the courts in some fragrant cases
have also ordered the defendants TO
serve terms in Jail.
Traffic Director Keneipp. with the
support of a number Of traffic
groups, is seeking to strengthen the
hand of law enforcement officers
through proposed legislation to
make it mandatory that scientific
tests for alcoholism be made In sus-
pected cases of tipsy driving. Such
tests are being given now at the dis
cretion OF arresting officers. The
discretionary system can lead to
abuses, however. especially in city
where the prominence of some Of
tenders xaisht bs~aHtactor in deter-
mining wneGner 70 SUBJECT them 10
q possibly elf-incriminating proce-
dure not dictated by law. The ar
resting officer would much prefer to
know that alcoholism tests were re-
quired by . statute.
A bill.tnlegalke tle tests died in
the seventy-ninth Congress. The
perils of drunken driving have grown
to such an extent that early enact
ment Of this measure by the next
Congress is justified. Meanwhile
the courts can do their part by
making more frequent use of the
maximum penalties provided in
present traffic laws. Fewer fines and
more jsil sentences would serve to
bring most offenders in this category
to their senses.
Evening star., 1946-12-13
Cure for Leprosy?

The United States Public Health
Service, in properly cautious state
ment recently issued, has declared
that there is new hope for the
virtual eradication of leprosy." Back
Of the announcement stands group
of physicians at the Government
leprosarium at Carville, Louisiana.
For five years the doctors referred
to have been studying the effects of
three drugs on their patients. Thir-
ty-seven individuals have responded
to the treatment so well that they
have been permitted to leave the
reservation. This does not mean
that a complete, final and absolute
cure for what admittedly is a terrible
scourge has been found, but it does
signify that notable progress is
being made.
Promin, diazone and streptomycin
are the drugs now being used. In
some cases only one of the three Is
employed; in others combinations
have proved effective. The resem-
blance of leprosy to tuberculosis was
noted long ago. What currently is
happening is an endeavor to apply
to the former the techniques and
procedures which have been OBJ
served to be helpful in the latter
Pronlin, "a chemical mixture OF
sugar and sulphur" has been more
successful among lepers than it was
in the field in which it first was
tried. DIM. I. Smith and DR.. w. T.
McClosky have shown by tests that
when small amounts of promin are
used simultaneously with strepto-
mycin, 4 preparation belonging to
the same family" as penicillin, the
best results are obtained.
The target" Of attack is a bacillus
which is protected by a waxlike
"armor" strongly resistant to chem
icals. Ways necessarily have to be
devised to "break through" the coat
ing. When that problem has been
solved, the curative influence of the
three different drugs in combination
or singly can be developed where 1t
is required. The leprosy bacillus,
unlike that of tuberculosis, cannot
be cultivated In test tubes. It
afIiicts human beings exclusively.
No other animal Is subject to It.
Evening star., 1946-12-13
AIbuniun Parallel

There is a striking parallel be-
tween the diplomatic breakdown ad-
ministered by London to the Hoxha
regime in Albania and that by Wash
ington to the Tito regime in Yugo-
slavia some time ago.
To begin with, both diplomatic
actions were caused by outrageous
actions on the part of the Offend
ing parties. Tito'S airmen had wan
tonly shot down American transport
planes. In Albania's case, the Hoxha
regime has asserted full sovereignty
over the narrow Corfu Strait, which
is an international waterway; had
fred on British warShips lawfully
using the channel; and had COM
pounded this offense by either plac-
ing or allowing to be placed moored
mines in the channel, without noti-
fication, which resulted in the grave
damaging of two British destroy
ers with heavy loss of life to their
personnel. Britain thereupon pro-
ceeded to sweep the Corfu Strait
of the offending mines, despite AL
banian protests that this was an in
fringement of its sovereignty, and
conducted an Investigation which
clearly places the blame upon Al
banian shoulders.
In consequence, London parallels
Washington's action by transmitting
to the Hoxha regime note demand
ing reparation for damage to ships,
full compensation to relatives OF the
killed or injured British sailors. an
apology rendered the British Govern
ment for this fragrant breach OF in
ternational law" stigmatized as "a
deliberately hostile act" and a spe-
ciflc assurance that there shall be
mo repetition of this unlawful
action" Lastly, Hoxha is warned
that, unless the terms Of this note
are complied with within fourteen
days, Britain will "have no alterna-
tive but to bring the matter before
the Security Council OF the United
Nations as serious threat to and 4
breach of international peace and
security"
It is this feature of the British
note, as it was of the time-limit
set for Tito's compliance with the
American demands, which distin-
cuisines these actions of the West
ern Powers. Though both are de-
scribed as spltimatunls." they differ
basically from the traditional dip
| lomatic procedure In such cases.
Formerly, an ultin1atum was the last
step before the direct application
Evening star., 1946-12-13

In all the talk about labor in 1915,
one topic has been conspicuous by its
absence: The idea OF labor participation
In management.
i This WAS . popular subject after the
Efst World War. Many companies had
introduced schemes for economic
democracy" in the war years and lost
no opportunity to tell about them. But
In the ten years before the depression
these ideas petered out. Some OF the
forward looking companies failed.
Most of the rest lost interest in their
plans. Organized labor never really
cared for management responsibility.
It. simply wanted more pay, tighter con-
troll of employment and stronger unions.
Management has become more ana
more highly technical profession. Labor
leaders, meanwhile, have devoted their
study to the art Of politics, . subject
quite removed from the science OF man.
asement. And 50 the leaders Of labor
and the masters Of management have
drifted farther and farther apart.
The most notable effort Of 4 labor
leader to tell management how to run.
3 business was the Reuther. plan of
1s4i. Reuther's idea had to do with
/ the conversion of automobile factories
into war plants. Look at all the
machines that are not working said
he, ..let them make guns and shells.
The absurdity in his argument was ap-
parent to nearly all except few New
Deal columnists In washington. It Is
questionable whether even Reuther
believed In It. The fact Is that new
products need new machines. An auto
. mobile Is not gln or ! bomber
\ Conversion for war pru1rees4d~ Tar
fastar than Reutl1er Or any other labor
leader predict4d II sutceedsd masstvely
Evening star., 1946-12-13

me fact that 1t ii not highly com
niunicAble accounts Tor the relA-
lively small incidence OF the disease
outside the tropics. Poverty, NAL
nutrition and poor sanitation are
conditions which promote its
spread In humid territories. Brazil
is nghting leprosy by establishing
"preventorias" in which environ
mental factors are controlled con-
structively. When . dednitiye VIC
tory over the ancient scourge 1t
last Is won it undoubtedly will be
social In character.
Evening star., 1946-12-13
This Changing World
Nv C0agfaNtiNe BrOs0N

II is 4 year nov since Gen. George G.
Marahall undertook his mission to ChinA,
one Of the most important diplomatic
assisnments any American Wal, ever
giyen, and the results--to any but those
who pay close attention TO ths scarcely
perceptible shifh In the Chinese cur
rent-are likely to. Be passed over With
small notice.
It Is true that the Chinese were light.
Ing when Gen. Marshall went TO China,
and 1t Is equally true that they are
fighting now, with scarcely less vigor
and discrimination. Where, then, y the
progress?
The progress is inherent In the fact
that national assembly IL meeting In
Marking TO prepare constitution for
the Chinese republic. Ii the fact that
the draft OF that constitution rs pre-
Seuted shows the unmistakable hand
Of the liberal element In the Kuomir-
tang, and In the fact that 0eneralissinao
Chiang Kai-shek is making some kind
OF an attempt to woo the Communists--
who refused to attend the Assembly. ok
cept on condition that the military sit.
uation revert to that Of last January.
when the truce became efiective-into
sending delegates and resuming peace
negotiations.
tt
More to the credit of Gen. Marshall
than the real progress made tn pacify-
ing China Is the perseverance with
which our wartime chief Of stan is
pursuing the objective set for him when
he went to the Far East year ago.
Lesser men would have given up the
China task as insoluhle, particularly
after they had Gen. MarshaIl's expert
ence Of concluding truce and hearing
1t explode when his back was turned.
The mission OF pacifying China could
be given UP as insoluble, could be left
to the Chinese exclusiyelyif If 1t were not
for the high stakes involved. The
United States simply cannot afford to
abandon China to its hapless fate, for
China is too important In the whole
Pacific scheme Of things.
It is not question Of supporting
the one element in the Kuemintang, or
even Of supporting the entire Kuomin-
tang. and the United States has re-
Gently given more than one bit Of evi.
dence Of a desire to disconnect itself
from the unfortunate policy which was
associated with Patrick J. Hurley's am
baSsadorship In China. But 1t Is q
question of pacified and united China,
In which foreign adventures will fnd
no fertile ground for intrigues and
Vaccinations.
The Chinese Communist structures
Evening star., 1946-12-13
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

In the crowning jubilation Of con-
servative and even liberal politicians,
editorial writer's and radio commenta-
tors over. the Governments victory"
Mr.. Trlman's enhanced prestige" and
John L. Lewis capitulation." md
myself unable to join.
Mr.. Lewis has not capitulated. Mr..
Lewis has merely said that he would
await the judgment Of the Supreme
Court on Judge T. Alan Goldsboroughs
ruling and sentence. Meanwhile, and
meanwhile only. he has ordered the
coal miners back to work. And no mat
ter what the Supreme Courts decision
may be on whether or no Mr.. Lewis
was in contempt. and whether or no the
Norris-La Guardia Act restrains Gov
ernment. as well as operators, the reality
rNyth1ksAe9nment Is restrained, be-
caiise I'D xtxshte and no enforcement
agency Of flst courts can persuade or
compel the MINERS to stay in the mines.
Neither Jttl3us Krug. the United States
0overnmerit the United States Navy
nor public opinion" got the miners
back now. Mr. Lewis got them back.
and Mr.. LANte alone. and he got them
back only temporarily. So
The argument against the injunction
Is applied to labor, whether by private
corporations or Government itself, is
Q thoroughly practical one-thAt 1t does
not work. Recourse to law Is possible
against individuals or corporations ac-
cused of malfeasance under law-of-
lenses which are generally accepted rs
such by the Overwhelming majority OF
the people. But no court can enforce
q Judgment that it Is crime for men
not to work, which Is the essence Of this
case, no matter ho# the issue may
otherwise be- legally drawn.
am no lawyer, but neither are the
coal miners or the other 20 million or
ganized workers Of the United States.
For them the issue is whether wage
workers have or have not the right coll
lectively to make demands, Of any em-
ployer regarding the conditions Of their
work and withhold their labor if not
given fair hearing and freely and
mutually negotiated contract. They
will continue, without the slightest
doubt, to try to sustain that right by
all means. no matter what the Judgment
of any court may be.
When great collective masses Of men,
either organized or as individuals, defy
legal judgments In support of what
they believe to be long established
right, law breaks down-as it broke
down during prohibition-and where
such masses are organized, all police
action, fails and enforcement can only
take the form of war, as the Dred Scott
decision precipitated civil war.
OF the legality Of the fine Of three
and . T. half million dollars assessed
against the miners union, i am incom-
petent to speak, but OF the social and
psychological consequences OF 1t, am
Evening star., 1946-12-13

very much afraid. Craftsmanship takes
heed Of such things, for they are the
essence Of craftsmanship.
The outcry, which, taken as an evi-
dence of public opinion" has played
a great role in this controversy, was
directed against Mr.. Lewis, as die
tator," and it was made to seem that
lone man and one man alone" was re-
sponsible for all the trouble. But the
enormous fine was not assessed against
Mr.. Lewis or even against the execu-
tiyes of the UNIV, who. of course, could
not have paid 1t, but against the funds
the miners have created out Of their
own pockets, which belong to them and
not to Mr.. Lewis. So the judgment was
Of. collective guilt.
4 But In order to hold hundreds of
thousands fof persons collectively guilty.
IT, is Usually necessary to conquer them.
Legal judgments are not conquests.
The theory. also widespread, that Mr.,
Lewis can do anything he likes vita
the coal miners, shows shocking ig-
norance Of the history of the United
Mine Workers and OF the psychology Of
leadership In general.
Mr.. Lewis and the United Mine Work
ers' Union have repeatedly been chal-
lenged by new rank and file movements,
some Of which have sreached the brink
of internecine miners wars. But no
such movement has ever started because
Mr.. Lewis asked too much in their
behalf from anybody. They have always
started because he got what miners
thought to be too little.
Mr.. Lewis, who believes in private
ownership, whatever he may think about
some private owners, has successfully
quelled-not always too prettily-vio-
lently radical movements which at times
have urged direct action. Seizure and
occupation OF the mines by the miners
would be on the pattern of the great
syndicalist socialization movements
which shook Italy in 1921 and paved
the way for Mussolini.
If Mr.. Lewis is broken" as so many
people who call themselves 'conserva-
tives' hope, what then will happen?
VIII the miners suddenly become tract
able and docile?
What will happen, it is safe to predict,
will be that new leaders viii spring up
in every coal mining area, each out
bidding the others in promises and
threats, and bitter feuds will develop
and we may go through bloody anarchy
and get no coal.
Craftsmanship is foresight, and poll
tics, including legal statutes, is always
the art of the possible.
Therefore negotiations should i'm
mediately be opened between the opera
tors, the Government and the UNIV,
for a readjustment of miners wages and
other demands. Labor relations are not
a boxing match and the public whoopee
for champion is utterly frivolous
tReleased by the Bell syndicate Inc.)
Evening star., 1946-12-13

against American interference" In
China,s internal affairs are founded
not on fact but on theological prejudice
and 4 desire to force the United States
Government to give up policy for
which 1t must fight, in its own interest
and In the interest Of world peace.
The Yenan Communists are not In
terested- 4 unified and
peaceful China, except rs the Chinese
government could be brought under the
influence Of Communism. They have
already shown too many instances Of
bad faith to contend rightfully that
they want simply . proper share in
the Chinese government. The trucu-'
lent manner In which they promulgate
demands displays consciousness OF
their power in certain sections Of China,
where they rule by force, rather than
sincere desire to arrive at q fair
adjustment with the Marking govern
ment. II the Communists were willing
to accept fair compromise they could
have peace tomorrow, probably with .
guarantee Of the United States Govern
ment.
Gen. Marshall, in q sense, Is the fore
runner Of q settlement which must come
eventually between the United States
and Russia in regard to China. This
should not be division Of China, .
recognition of spheres OF influence, by
any means It must be an agreement
between Moscow and Washington to
require Chinas rival factions to settle
their differences on democratic basis.
~ \ 4
As long as such an agreement is lack
ing the Chinese Communists will 60 on
resisting the Nanking government. and
endeavoring to make themselves the
torch bearers Of the inevitable reforma-
ton in China's economic and social sys-
tenn. When Yenan Is receiving Mos
COWS assistance is moot point, and
really not too important, for even II
the Chinese Communists enjoy nothing
more than Moscow's moral support they
will 70 on fighting Moscow's battle.
A Russian-American agreement In
regard to the Far East is bound to
come, after affairs in Europe are we'll
disposed of, although that may not be
for q year or two yet. For there are
too many unsettled points of contact.
Some kind of accord must be reached
In regard to Korea and Japan. But 1t
would be meaningless-in the political
sense-without agreement on China.
And there probably will have to be
general Pacific political agreement, put
ting in treaty form the rights and re-
sponsibilities OF both the United States
and Russia in that great ocean area.