davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Ban on Communists

The decision of the CIO Industrial
Union of Marine and Shipbuilding
Workers of America, whose members
played vital part in winning the
war, to bar Communists and other
"iSm" adherents from posts of re-
sponsibility in the union Is thor
oughly commendable.
This decision came in the form of
an amendment to the union con-
stitution, and provides as follows:
Communists, Nazis. Fascists or
members of the Ku Klux Klan. or
any one adhering to these philoso-
phies. shall be barred from holding
positions of responsibility or author
ity in this union or any of it's sub
divisions, and any person advocating
the overthrow of the Constitution of
the United States shall be barred
from office in this union"
The action taken by the ship
workers stands in sharp contrast to
the refusal of other important CIO
unions to adopt any restraint on
Communists, who constitute the real
threat to American trade unions.
There is no danger, at least at this
time, that Nazis or Fascists or
klansmen will be able to take con-
troll of any appreciable segment of
the trade-union movement. But it
is perfectly evident that the Com
munists are boring in wherever pos
sible, and it seems entirely evident
that, in some instances, they have
acquired control of important unions.
Since the Communists are working
for their own ends, and not for the
interests OF any union or Of the
country, it is inevitable that public
hostility toward unions will mount
in direct proportion to the degree of
Communist penetration and control.
If for no other reason, this should
inspire other unions to emulate the
good example set by the Marine and
Shipbuilding Workers.
Evening star., 1946-09-28
This Changing World
By Constantine Brofvn

The principal hotels in Karlsbad
2 (Karlovy Vary. the world-famous
health station in Czechoslovakia, where
visitors from all over the globe used to
go to reduce their waistlnes and cure
chronic indigestion, have now been
placed at the disposal of the Soviet
general staff officers in Europe by the
Czech government.
In the past, Karlsbad was thought Of
merely as locality where people went
to reduce paunches and have good
time. Today the report that it is being
filled with Soviet officers stirs different
thoughts. Karlsbad is important stra-
logically because of it's location on the
Dresden-Leipzig line, which faces the
American zone of occupation in Ger
many. Moreover in the vicinity Of
Karlsbad are located the Jachimov
(JoachimsthaD uranium mines, the
only ones in Europe
The official announcement of the
Czechoslovak government is that the
watering place of Karlsbad was offered
to Soviet staff officers as a recuperating
station as token of gratitude for the
liberation of Czechoslovakia, and ap-
probation for the Soviet Army's con-
sideration in not removing all the Ger
man-owned factory equipment as rep
arations.
From reliable reports received here,
1t appears, however that the Soviet
Army generals and their staffs who are
already in full occupancy of the hotels
are in the pink of health and do not
bother taking the waters" from the
various health-giving warm springs.
y X
Ihere are among the Russians also
a score OF scientists and engineers.
Ihese men are established in Karlsbad
and In Joachimsthal. The entire area
mas now been closed to the Czechs them
selves and it is being closely guarded
by Russian troops From the shreds
OF information which have trickled to
the outside world it appears that the
mines already are being exploited bv the
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Religion and Tito

AS far as outward signs are con-
cerned, the Tito government appears
to be intent on giving a fair trial to
Archbishop Stepinac, head of the
Roman Catholic Church in Yugo-
Slavia. The archbishop. together
with a number of other priests now
being prosecuted, is accused of war
crimes, and Marshal Tito insists that
the question of religious persecution
is in no way involved. He claims
that justice will be done, and to sup
port his point he can cite the fact
that Bishop Joseph P. Hurley of st.
Augustine, Fla. will be on hand to
witness the proceedings as the Pope's
representative, and that the court
room at Zagreb will be open to for
eign correspondents promised oppor-
tunity for free reporting
Whatever may be the outward
signs, however, and no matter what
the merits of the case against Arch
bishop Stepinac. the democratic
world can hardly be expected to dis
miss the suspicion, the deep suspi-
cion, that the whole business Is
rigged and that the accused will re-
ceive something less than justice.
The trial accorded not long ago to
General Mihailovich was similarly
staged, but not many people outside
OF YugoSlavia are convinced today
that the Chetnik leader was fairly
convicted and deserved to die, and
the same grave doubts will be di-
rected against any sentence the
court may pass on Archbishop Step
mac. AS for religious persecution,
possibly Marshal Tito believes what
he says when he protests that that
is far from his mind Yet. in the
same breath, he declares that well
arrest every one who goes against
the movement of freedom" and that
I'VE are prosecuting the antipeople
elements, whether they are priests or
! not"
The question is, what does the
Yugoslav dictator mean by "anti-
people" and by the phrase against
the movement of freedom? Con-
| sidering his record to date, 1t seems
Evening star., 1946-09-28
The Political Mill
BY Gould Lincoln

Ihe coming congressional elections
Will determine one issue of vast i'm
portance-regardless of whether the Re-
publlcans win control of the national
legislature or the Democrats retain
majorities in both Houses. That is,
whether there is to be salutary revision
of the present unbalanced Federal labor
laws.
Such revision is likely to be carried
out IN only one Way-through a coali-
tion of those Republicans and Demo-
Gratis in Congress who wish to. see free
economy and democratic government
preserved.
Indeed, that appears to be the prac-
tical way Donald r. Richberg, one
time head of the NRA, a labor lawyer
in the past and a close student of the
industrial problems in a recent speech
pointed out that it was demonstrated in
the last session of Congress such a
coalition can be effective. 1t put through
the Case bill-which had great deal
of merit. But that measure was We
toed by President Truman, who at the
same time requested a thorough study
by joint congressional committee of
the entire relationship of labor and
management so that adequate and more
permanent legislation could be enact
ed. 1t was stall for time, with the
labor union leaders threatening the
Chief Executive and his party with dire
consequences if he should approve the
Case bill.
AS Mr. Richberg has said, there are
large sections of the country, North
South, East and West, in which the ira
ditions of individualism and q free
economy are still strong. Some of these
sections are normally Democratic and
some are normally Republican. 1t
would be difficult for their votes to be
united In one party. 1t is not at all
difficult for their representatives to
unite in coalition in Congress against
those Democrats and Republicans who
are elected from sections where sub
servience to labor bosses is the price
of public Office.
X X
ut is inevitable" Mr.. Richberg said
that, through the bipartisan effort OF
labor politicians to elect either Repub-
Gcans or Democrats in the industrial
centers, we shall have again in the next
Congress Democratic-Repu CO.
alition of captive labor agents. This
should be Offset by a Democratic Re
publican coalition of free representa-
tives of free people"
1t Is true, however, that such a coa-
lition must be strong enough to over
ride presidential veto of necessary
Evening star., 1946-09-28

people of the United States the leaders
OF American foreign policy and the
leaders of our armed forces. 1t adds
up to an attempt to resurrect the DID,
old racket with which we became so
bitterly familiar during the period be-
tween the two world wars-the curious
blind alliance between those who wanted
weak America for their own purposes
and the idealiSts who were genuinely
persuaded that ornaments were in
themselves a cause of war, and that
the road to peace, for Americans. re-
quired disarmament for the sake of ex-
ample.
Naturally the Stain Pravda Daily
Worker line would be somewhat more
convincing if it were reinforced by clear
and definite evidence that the Soviet
Union is doing little disarmament for
the sake of example, too. Stain, spe-
cif1cally, would be more convincing in
his September advocacy of reduction of
other nations military budgets were he
not on record as saying in February, on
the occasion of the 28th anniversary of
the Red Army I'VE must still more
strengthen the military and economic
might of the Socialist State" The
WiitCi III IldNud WOulu NC Oll SOuIlQcI
ground if he were able to tell us of
reversal of the policy officially an
nounced by Chairman of the State
Planning Commission Voznessensky on
March Is, 1916, to the Supreme Soviet
of the U. S. S. r.: I'VE must strengthen
the armed forces of the Soviet Union;
wetmust work tirelessly to provide them
with the most modern equipment and
to strengthen further the military and
economic might of the Soviet State"
kk x*
The sincerity of Russian suggestions
that our forces should be reduced may
be measured in terms of Russian will
ingness to do the like themselves, just
as the sincerity of Stains statement
that friendly and lasting collaboration
between the Soviet Union and the west
ern democracieS is 'unconditionally"
possible must be measured in terms of
Russian acts and not of Russian words.
If We now see constructive cooperation
at Paris instead of constant obstruction
and delay; If we now see acceptance by
the Russians of reasonable plan for
the international control of atomic en-
ergy, including mutually satisfactory
safeguards; if We now see Russia will
ing to implement the Potsdam agree
ment and arrive at settlement of the
German question on an overall basis
if We see these things, we shall also
see the creation of the basic conditions
for worldwide reduction Of ornaments.
tCopyright 1946)
Evening star., 1946-09-28
More Meat Some Time

President Truman deserves credit
for his firm refusal to play politics
j at the expense of the future national
meat supply. There is no doubt
! that, in refusing to abandon or
modify Government meat controls,
! he has acted from the conviction
: that he is pursuing the right course,
| as distinguished from what might
be the politically expedient course,
and this is something which COM
mands respect. Whether the Pres
, ident's decision is as sound as it is
| courageous, however, is another
! question.
The President was under consider
able pressure from his political
subordinates to suspend meat con-
trols until after the November elec-
tions. To do this undoubtedly would
result in another premature rush of
livestock to market. For a time this
would mean meat in the butcher
shops and presumably fewer angry
voters at the polls, but in the long
run, it would almost certainly pro-
duce an even more serious shortage
of meat, for there is no way of re-
capturing the potential meat supply
that is lost in the slaughter of
underweight cattle.
Mr.. Truman apparently believes
that there will be a limited but
orderly flow of meat to retail
markets as soon as the industry
becomes convinced that there is
going to be no relaxation of controls.
This necessarily implies a belief
that meat ready for marketing is
being held back now in the hope of
higher prices, and this is an assump-
ton that is definitely in the nature
Of political gamble.
According to Mr.. Truman, there
will be an improvement in the meat
supply in the near future. But
according to Secretary of Agriculture
Anderson, cattle producers should
continue to withhold underweight
animals from market in order to
send them through the feed lots.
This ultimately will produce more
beef, but in Mr. Anderson's judg-
ment the results may not be appar-
-ent for some months to come.
From this it is safe to assume
that, sometime, there will be more
meat. But unless animals ready
for slaughter are being deliberately
withheld from market at present,
the outlook for the early improve
ment predicted by the President is
not bright. And if his judgment is
wrong in this respect, the political
consequences for the Democrats are
apt to be painful-no matter how
correct economically the President
may be.
Evening star., 1946-09-28

Russians and the raw ore is being
shipped to the u S. s. R.
Military observers in Washington at
tribute considerable importance to the
arrival of an important section of the
Soviet general staff at the once-famouS
watering station, which Is the key to
the important military triangle of
Breslau-Dresden-Ka This is be-
lieved to be as much possible Soviet
military operating center as Berlin is
now Russian political center
The interest of the American mill
tary observers has been further whetted
by the reports-so far not fully verified
that besides officers of the Soviet
general staff, there is at least one, and
probably two, f1rst-class Soviet motor
lied divisions In the Karlsbad area.
Available reports, which come from usu-
ally reliable sources, identify these
troops as combat divisions of the new
Russian Army, provided with first-class
equipment.
Should Tito decide to cut the Gordian
knot by rushing the Morgan Line, thinly
held by skeleton British and American
divisions. at time when expected major
disturbances break out in Greece, the
only reinforcements the American and
British forces can count on are located
In the American zone in Bavaria.
The presence of Russian force in
the Karlsbad-Dresden-B -Breslau triangle
could easily immobilize the American
British forces by their mere presence in
that important strategic area. The
threat of f1anking movement would
prevent the commanders Of these forces
from displacing a single unit to support
the meager forces in the Morgan Line.
These considerations may appear to
be purely speculative to the diplomats
and politicians. But the military men
who, because of our vast commitments
and pathetically small forces, must be
on guard at all times are concerned
over the arrival of an important part of
the Russian general staff at Karlsbad.
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Fresh Trouble in Irun

Iran or Persia is again in the news
with tWo-fold trouble which reveals
the essentially unstable condition of
that unhappy country. A serious
revolt of nomad tribesmen in the
extreme south comedies with re-
Sistance to the government in the
north; albeit these troubles have
nothing in common, since they are
due to precisely opposite causes.
In order to understand the reSpec-
tive significance of these f1areups,
we must appreciate the basic condi-
tionS Of Trans national life. This
vast country, with an area exceeding
100000 square miles (twice the COM
bined areas of Texas and louisiana
is huge plateau ringed by noun
tains which cut off the rain bearing
winds, so that most of it is absolute
or Semidesert, the cultivated districts
being irrigated by mountain streams.
These oases contain the settled pop
ulation, who are the true Iranians.
Besides them, there are at least
100000 nomads divided into tribes,
most Of whom are not Iranian in
blood and feel themselves distinct
from their settled neighborS.
These historic divisions are COM
plicated by the fact that the north
ern provinces have long been per-
meated by Russian influence while
British influence has similarly per-
colated in the south. Except during
the strong reign Of the late Reza
Shah Pahlevi, the central govern
ment has exercised only limited au-
thority over the respective Russian
and British spheres of influence.
During the past year, Russia has
confirmed its power through the So
called "separatist" movement in the
northernmost province of Azerbaijan,
which Is now virtually independent
of the government in Teheran, and
that government is itself under
strong Russian pressure. The cur
rent trouble in the north is over a
border district claimed jurisdiction
ally by both the government and the
Azerbaijan regime.
During recent months, the pro-
Russian elements in the central gov
ernment have been making moves
to undermine British interests in the
south, especially the rich oilfields
and refineries that are vital to
Britain in the Near East. The cur
rent uprising Of tribesmen there Is
ostensibly protest against inter-
ference by the central government
which they always resent. But it Ii
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Wallace's Military Views
By George Teldine Eliot

Both Henry A. Wallace and Prime
Minister Stain appear anxious to have
American military expenditures reduced.
Mr.. Wallace, in his letter of July %
to President Truman tells us that our
military expenditures are danger to
peace, citing concrete things like $13,-
600 900 900 for the War and Navy De-
partments, the Bikini tests of the atomic
bomb and continued production of
bombs, the plan to arm Latin America
with our weapons production of B-29s
and planned production of B-36s, and
the effort to secure air bases spread
over half the globe from which the
other half of the globe can be bombed.
II cannot but feel" Mr.. Wallace goes
on, that these actions must make it
look to the rest of the world as if we
were only paying lip service to peace at
the conference table"
In his Madison Square Garden speech
of September II, Mr.. Wallace reiterates
this line of argument. 1--WE are still
arming to the hilt Our excessive ex-
penditures for military purposes are
the chief cause of our unbalanced
budget"
Prime Minister Stain is naturally not
concerned about our fiscal problems,
but he agrees with Mr.. Wallace that
our military expenditures are a danger
to peace. "The noise is being raised
about new war;" he says, mainly by
military political agents and their few
supporters from the ranks of civilian
officials" and the idea is Ito make diff
cult for some time the reduction of
military budgets in their countries"
This fits in pretty well, too, with the
Wallace statement that there exists "a
school of military thinking which
advocates preventive war; an attack
on Russia now"
Naturally the Stain Wallace view
point now that 1t has received the
official blessing, is being enthusiastically
supported by the trained claque both in
Russia and here. In Pravda, a writer
named Malinin tells us of the re-
dictionary pIotters" who used the Madi-
son Square Garden speech as "pretext
to rid the Government of Mr.. Wallace
and his discussion of the dangers of
large ornaments"
In the Daily Workers editorial Of
Thursday we find mention of these
high and mighty politicians, generals,
admirals, poison-pen artists and GER
tain monopolists who have been schem-
ing for war"
What does all this add up to7 1t adds
up, In this writer's Judgment, to an at
tempt to discredit In the eyes Of the
Evening star., 1946-09-28
Clinging Like a Limpet

10 tne 60tor OF lne star.
The editorial in your issue of Sep
tember 21 interested me from more
than one point Of view. In the first
place, you mistakenly say that I left
the cabinet "by presidential request"
1t Is surprising to me that you did not
know that this was not true, but am
willing to assume that it was just care
less writing, even If probably expressive
OF the eagerness Of The Star. that is
sometimes thinly disguised, to take
shot at me. 7 offered my resignation,
as The Star ought to know when it had
not been asked for and when I had
not even had an intimation that Presi-
dent Truman intended to ask for it.
Then there is your smearing refer
ence to the "pinkish Independent Citi-
zens' Committee of the Arts, Science
and Professions" This, of course, is in
the Martin Dies tradition. It is ac-
cepted technique, although it ought not
to be that of The Star to ignore facts
or forego what might be a legitimate
argument when smear serves the pur-
pose just as well. It is as II I should
refer TO the "yellowish" Star without
supporting data
Mr.. Wallace'S speech in the Madison
Square Garden was made under the
auspices of the committee referred to
as well as of NC-PAC. 1t is also true
that I am the titular executive chair
man OF ICC. However, I had nothing
to do with the meeting in question,
although there was no reason for not
sponsoring meeting at which a men,
ber of the cabinet and United States
Senator were to speak. I was never
associated with the meeting in any way
Once again you are accurate when you
say that the ICC joined in a letter
of protest to President Truman when
the latter (erroneously as I believe)
denied that he had approved the con-
tents of the Wallace speech. But if you
had followed the news as carefully as
you should have If you were going to
comment upon the situation editorially,
you would have known that in Cleve-
land, where was to make speech
I dissociated myself completely from
that letter of protest. AS matter of
fact had refused to approve it when
1t was read to me over the telephone
take it that even you would hardly
60 SO far as to say that a member of
an organization ought to resign If he
Is out-voted on an issue. A member
of The Star staff would not be expected
to resign because he objected to an
editorial feel that the other members
Of the ICC have the same freedom of
conviction and expression that I assert
for myself.
HAROLD L. ICKES.
Editors Note
The point of the editorial, which Mr.
Ickes evades at some length, was
whether, in view of the differences be-
tween the committee and himself, he
would continue to "cling like a limpet
to rock" Language borrowed from
an Ickes column criticizing Mr.. Wallace
for not resigning as Secretary of Com
merce) to his reputedly lucrative posi-
tibn as executive chairman Of the COM
mittee. Apparently he intends to cling