davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-08-15

A social security or an unem- ployment compensation fund is not the real source of security. The real objective of social security is to have jobs for men.
 Marvin J. Barloon, Western Re-
 serve U. economist.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-08-15

The crime increase so far this year is even greater than the 12.4 percent increase recorded for 1945. And every 20.1 seconds last year a serious crime was committed.
 -FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-08-15
15 Years Ago

Visitors, conducted through the new Grand Street offices of the Southern New England Telephone Company, expressed their approval of the new quarters.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-08-15

Local police, on the alert for an escaped inmate of Litchfield in- stitution, captured a girl check forger.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-08-15
5 Years Ago

William Henry of Fulton Park Avenue was vacationing in Cali fornia.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-08-15

Walter Ahearn, now police lieu tenant, was chosen to head the athletic committee for the Elks' annual clambake.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-08-15
Waterbury or the Past
25 Years Ago

Norma Talmadge appeared in The Isle of Conquest" at The Strand.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-08-15

''T'he Man Worth While" starring Romaine Fielding, appeared on the screen of the Princess.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-08-15

WASHINGTON-The time-worn political strateg, which consists of playing up what is called outside interference" is being exploited in primary campaigns this season more than in past years.
Evening star., 1946-07-14
Uncle Rays Corner

July IA is Bastille Day, the
greatest national holiday Of the
French people. On this date, We
may think back to the event, 157
years ago, which brought on the
holiday.
Standing on the outskirts of Paris
was a mighty stone structure. It
had been built as a fortress, but
Tor two centuries the Kings OF
France had used it as a dungeon.
Citizens of Paris were in the
habit of giving the Bastille a wide
berth. If they passed by, they did
so with a shudder, or uttered angry
words. News had leaked out about
il-treatment given to prisoners who
had been placed there.
Tortured Prisoners.
Prisoners in the Bastille were tor
tured in various ways. Suffering
from the pressing pain, some had
confessed crimes Of which they had
not been guilty.
Often, the King had not taken the
Trouble 10 1orce a confession from
a prisoner. With escorts bearing a
letter Of Introduction" the man
or woman who had angered the
royal ruler was cast into the Bas-
tile without trial Of any kind.
On July day in 1883, Paris was
buzzing with excitement. 1t had
suffered for years under the tyranny
which had brought on hard treat
ment for the people. Many persons
were hungry. A group Of citizens
gathered at the city hall. Soon
they forced their way past the
guards, and seized the arms which
had been stored inside the build
ing.
"On to the Bastille!" was the
cry. The mob reached the Bas-
Evening star., 1946-07-14
Skillful HandWork
Required in Making
Of Modern Pottery
Prize Contribution
By Jonet HiIferty, IS
HyostsvilIs High School

Take look at your mothers tea
cups or pieces Of pottery. They have
been through many hands, from the
clay to the shining articles before
YOU. Pottery making is an industry
that still requires 4 great deal OF
hand skill.
II you visit a modern pottery
plant youu see the same type Of
tools used centuries ago The pot
ter's wheel, or lathe, and molds for
stamping objects are some OF these.
Pottery has been found in Greek,
Roman. Stone Age and Bronze civ
iliZations.
The first step in processing clay
is to get the iron out to prevent dis
coloration Of the wares. Next, some
machines make the clay pliable SO
1t can be shaped into any form at
all. When the tube of clay is ready
for molding, it looks like a sausage
Some objects are poured into a mold
and some are shaped by a potter on
wheel. Handles Of cups are made
separately and attached with more
soft clay. The plates are dried on
shelves, on q triangular device, SC
that the air can circulate beneath
them.
The color and decoration are often
painted on by girls who have artis-
tic skill. Glazing is a powder sprayed
on the wares to make them smoother
and glossier and to prevent chip
ping.
Firing is done in a kiln, which il
an underground furnace. Different
clays, OF course, require different
treatment.
Careful inspection Of the pottery
is the last step. A bowl or vase Il
measured with iron prongs to see II
the width across conforms to the
original drawing of the artist. Any
flaws in shape or glazing are re.
jected from first-class pottery-anc
this is modern machinery's contri.
button.
Evening star., 1946-07-14
Carlson Presents
Tour of the Caribbean

Water colors and drawings by
Charles x. Carlson are on view at
the Pan American Union through
July. The collection constitutes a
"trip around the Caribbean with
pen, pencil and brush" The artist
is we'll known in Washington, as he
came here shortly after the United
States entered the war, and worked
as staff artist on the War Times, a
War Department publication.
He has travelled extensively since
his boyhood. Born in Minnesota in
1902, he early planned to be cor
toonist. He learned to draw by his
own efforts, earning his living at
farm work, iron mining and as a
bakers apprentice. At 16, he left
home to ship as fireman on a
tramp steamer. For four years he
roamed the world in freighters,
rose to the rank Of junior engineer
and saved MS earnings for an art
education. He began in Chicago at
the Art Institute, also studied
anatomy and construction for three
years in that city, subsequently at
tended the National Academy, New
Evening star., 1946-07-14
Freedom of the Swedish Press Told
In Cartoon Exhibition at Museum

York, and finished in Munich and
Antwerp. Since his own art school
days, he has written five art text
books.
Mr.. Carlson has painted muralS
for a number OF buildings in New
York and executed several commits
sions for the World Fair in 1899.
The collection now on view at the
Pan American comprises n paint
ings and drawings which depict
cheerful, picturesque scenes In Mex
leo, Guatemala. Nicaragua. Costa
Rica, Panama, Honduras, Ell Saliva
dor, Dominican Republic and Haiti.
Only a few glimpses Of each country
are shown; but they are SUFFICIENT to
suggest the favor of the respective
places. Mr.. Carlson works in a
simplified traditional manner, with
assurance, strength and speed to
judge from the appearance OF his
work.
The artists pencil and brush have
ranged over a large variety Of sub
jects: Beautiful old Spanish Colon
ial churches, beach scenes, narrow,
steep, winding streets, natives in
colorful costumes, water fronts and
markets. 1t Is an agreeable show.
Evening star., 1946-07-14
News About Stamps
By james Waldo Fowcett

Of 100 pages. including . catalogue
Of canceling devices employed on
the covers and stamps Of the Papal
States in the 10th century.
Contributors to the early num-
bers Of Philately, the News Maga-
zine Of Stamp Collecting, published
by Comfort Press. Inc, st. Louis,
will include: Ernest A. Kehr, c,
Corwith Wagner. Stephen q. Rich,
George Mcclellan. Richard McP
Cabeen, George G. Hahn, Paul H.
segnitz, Louis E. Van Reeth, Ben
Reeves, Harold Faust, Glen w,
Naves, Anthony G. Russo, N. r,
Hoover, Clarence w. Brazer, Charles
!. Ball, Donald r. Lybarser, DR.:
Clarence w. Herman. Warner Bates
and others. The editor, as previ-
ously announced, IL to bs David
Lidman Of Chicago. August 4 will
be the date Of publication Of Vol.
!, No. !.
Readers desiring copies Of the
prospectus issued for the Centenary
international Philatelic Exhibition
In New York next year should
address Prescott Thorp. Netcong,
N. j., inclosing wrapped dime OF
10 cents In mint stamps for postage
and handling.
The Woodbridge Stamp Club will
meet at the home Of 1t. Col. James
L. Brewrink, 1929 Randolph street
NE, tomorrow evening at 8, and
the Collectors Club Of Washington
will meet at 1912 Ninth street NV.
Tuesday evening at 3.
Evening star., 1946-07-14
Win a Cash Prise
Writing, Drawing
For Junior Star

II you are not more than 1s, or
have not yet finished high school,
you are eligible to write or draw for
The Junior Star. AS many as five
cash prizes OF 81 are awarded for
the best contributions published
each week, and writer's of stories
which, in the opinion OF the editor
are of SUFFICIENT merit are issued
cards identifying them as Junior
Star reporters. Here are the rules:
!. All contributions must be original.
>. Stories. articles. poems, etc, must be
written on one side OF paper; II type
written they must be double spaced
Drawings must be in black Ink or crayon
not rolled or folded
3. Name, age. address, telephone num-
Der and school Of the contributor must be
in the upper left-hand corner OF written
contributions and on the back OF drawings
4. The editors choice OF winners 1,
hnal and be reserves the risht to publish
any contribution In whatever form he
,anSs best Issads H. q .hsthsI .n ,hsoa i
prizes awarded for contributions found no,
to be original.
Checks for contributions awarded
prizes today will be mailed this
week. Address your contributions to
Junior Star Editor, 727 Star Build
ing, il0l Pennsylvania avenue NV,
Washington, D. c.
Evening star., 1946-07-14
4 @ j 10 2

"
South, dealer, opened with one
heart. West called one spade and
North two hearts. Mr.. Geier in the
East, bid three diamonds and South
jumped to four hearts. West
doubled and North passed. Mr..
Geier realized he had no defense
against four hearts and the con-
tract would likely be made and
give the other side 100 rubber. Ac-
cordingly, he ignored the usual
practice and took his partner out
with five diamonds.
South led the king Of hearts
which was won by dummy's ace.
Declarer's lead of the ace Of dia-
monds disclosed the fact that Soath
was void in the suit and enabled
Mr.. Geier to f1nesse through North S
jack. He then laid down three
high diamonds discarding two clubs
from dummy.
South cast of three hearts and
one spade. Declarer then led
small spade and South, failing to
split his honors. allowed the jack
in dummy to win. Next Mr.. Geier
played the three of hearts. trumped
and led second spade. South was
obliged to cover this time and dunn
my's ace won. The nine Of spades
threw South In with his king and he
was then on the spot. If he led
a heart East would trump; If he
led a club dummy's ace would win
He did the latter and dumny's five
of spades was then good for de-
clarer's discard Of q second club thus
giving him an extra trick which
could have been prevented II South
had not discarded 4 spade on the
fourth lead OF diamonds.
Evening star., 1946-07-14

meantime, the mother had become
sick, We sent them all except one
kitten, to an organization which
found homes for the kittens and
tried to cure the mother. OF course,
the one remaining kitten was very
lonely, but she soon got used to
being by herself. When she had
kittens. 10 months later, the seven
toes were carried on in the family.
We always had special pleasure
in naming our cats, We called the
first batch Daybreak, Noontide,
Twilight and Midnight. Another
batch was called after flowers, an
other after soap powders and still
another after soft drinks. l am
afraid that soon we shall have four
more seven-toed kittens to name.
Can any one suggest a new batch
Of names? And does any one want
a seven-toed kitten?
Evening star., 1946-07-14

tile, which was garrisoned by ia
soldiers. A man named De Launay
was the governor He was not will
ing to surrender, but he felt that
in some way he must deal with the
mob. Several members of the mob
were allowed to cross the draw
bridge for a conference. Suddenly,
the drawbridge was raised. Two
sturdy men climbed to a point wnere
they cut the chains which held up
the drawbridge. Down it fell with
a great clatter, and the rest of the
mob poured through the gate.
The first drawbridge was crossed,
but there was great ditch ahead.
with a second drawbridge securely
raised. The mob fired at the prison,
but the bullets had little effect.
They did not reach the soldiers.
who answered the fire from behind
portfolios in the stone.
Set Fire to Buildings.
With torches and straw, the citi-
zens succeeded in setting fire to
wooden buildings which served as
guardrooms and nessrooms. The
blazing buildings frightened the de-
tenders, and they decided to ask for
terms.
At the point of bayonet, piece
Of paper was thrust out OF a port
hole. The paper stated that the
Bastille would be given up If the
lives Of the defenders we're spared.
To this, the mob agreed.
Thus, the Bastille fell. Members
OF the mob searched the inside,
looking for prisoners. Only seven
were found and set free.
When news Of the fall Of the Bas-
title spread through France, the
people felt bolder than before. From
this event. the start Of the French
Revolution usually u dated.
Evening star., 1946-07-14
Lesson in Tolerance
Given : Students Who
Tormented Classmate
Prize Contribution
BY Edwin Kerstein, IA
Anoeo..io High School

Shortly after I moved from New
York to nearby Maryland, October
"a, l943, I had an experience which
proved to be very unpleasant.
I entered the local elementary
school there where I enjoyed my
first few days. However, there came
a change. One day in music class
some withheld hostility came to the
surface. Two boys seated behind me
began to torment me by poking me
In the back with a pencil and calling
me names. in the most cruel and en-
bittered tones have ever heard
boys of my age utter. 1t was sense
less to begin 4 fist fight at that
time, because would have been
helpless, fighting against an entire
group. I would also have gained
more enemies than friends. I quietly
left the room and went to the prin-
cipaps Office and explained exactly
what had happened. I was greatly
hurt.
AumlIc0 FIlnClpal.
The principal was SO kind, intelli-
gent, and understanding that I
couldn't help but admire her. She
was 50 surprised and ashamed that
she called the two boys into her
onlce. In my presence she questioned
them, and they admitted to every
thing that I had told her. Thus far
this might appear to be very poor
diplomacy, but she did not leave 1t
to just mere questioning. She then
rolled down the world map and said
to one Of the boys, Where do your
ancestors come from?"
He answered that they had come
from Germany. This same question
was asked of second boy who re-
piled that his ancestors had come
from England and Germany. Finally,
I was asked the same question. re-
piled that my ancestors came from
Poland. These localities were traced
on the map. The principal then, in
the most sensible way, explained
to them that they were very wrong
in doing what they had done. She
explained that their Lord, Jesus
Christ, was q Jew and that 1t was
very possible that their ancestors
were Jews, because the first Chris
tians were converted Jews, and that
the Jews were not any different
from them except in their religious
beliefs, and that we all believed In
the same God.
Great Jews.
She also told them about some
great people who were Jews, such
as Hyam Solomon, who aided the
colonies in the Revolution against
England; Einstein, who founded a
theory which aided many scholars
with their discoveries; DisraeH, who
did much to build the British EN-
pire; Andre Kostelanetz, famous
conductor, and Jan Pierce, whose
music and singing have brought
fame to the American opera and
concert stage, and long list OF
other famous names.
BY the time the principal had
finished explaining to them, the
boys were very ashamed. They apollo
gized to me and asked me to for
give them. I did forgive them, and
from that time until now we have
remained friends.
Evening star., 1946-07-14
Marylander's Hobby
Is Horseback Riding
Prize Contribution
By JoequeIyn A. Carpenter, "a
Peele.vilIs (Md.l High School

My hobby Is horseback riding. I
have been riding since I first moved
to the country nine years ago.
There. I took my first riding lessons
on the large, lazy farm horses.
I have had many unusual expert
ences with horses and have fallen
of several times, but I still think
that riding Is one of the finest
hobbies any one could possibly
have.
Last August, I bought thorough
bred saddle mare and since then I
have raced many cars up the road,
as well as bikes and other horses.
Here is my advice to any one
just learning to ride:
Don't overdo 1t the first time. Go
back, II possible, the next day and
ride some more. This helps to pre-
vent the muscles from getting stiff.
Evening star., 1946-07-14

the institutions establishment. II
pictures the oldest of the institu.
tion's buildings and features the in.
scription For the Increase and Dif.
fusion OF knowledge Among Men,
which was taken directly from the
words OF James Smithson when he
willed his fortune for the institu-
ton. Further carrying out the close
tieup with the institution the
stamp will be maroon instead of the
usual purple in keeping with the
maroon color OF the building"
The stamp collection OF the Smith
sonian, long presided over by Mrs
Catherine L. Manning, dates back to
February 8. 1888, when Mrs. Spencer
Fullerton Baird gave to the institu-
ton 1888 United States and foreign
issues collected by her husband, one
of the most eminent scientists OF
his time. Born February 3, 1923, he
was native Of Reading, Pa: was
educated at Dickinson College at
Carlisle, taught there from 1846 to
1850, then became assistant secretary
Of the Smithsonian under Joseph
Henry, whom he succeeded as sec
retary in 1878. His talents in draw
ing, mathematics. mineralogy, met
allurgy. chemistry, languages and
museum practice supported his
career as botanist, a zoologist and
an administrative ofIicer notably.
He founded school" OF ornitholo-
gists, was head of the Federal Fish
and Fisheries Commission, took a
leading part in establishing the
marine laboratory at Woods Hole,
Mass; vastly enlarged the scope OF
the exhibits in the National Museum,
published many books, corresponded
with Audubon, Agassiz and many
other contemporary men Of science
from boyhood onward. His only
vice." according to hts biographers,
was overwork. He died of heart
alment brought on by overexertion,
August 10, 1887. His widow gave his
stamps to the institution on his
65th birthday.
Paul S. Hedrick, stamp editor o1
the Tulsa World. will be in Wash
ington during the last week Of
August.
The continent of Europe is seeth-
ing with stamp activity. A tidal
wave of new issues is pouring from
the presses of 30 different govern
ments. The bourses of Paris, Brus-
sells, Amsterdam and other cities are
booming. One of the signs OF the
times is the temperance OF La
Rivista Filatelica d'Italia, published
at Genoa-an attractive magazine
Evening star., 1946-07-14
News of Art and Artists

view Of Paris in 1882. La Pompe
Notre Dame" in the present show
was displayed last summer among
the new acquisitions. Along with
Felix Buhot's place Pigalle," like
wise shown, it was a gift from DR..
Edward Kirke.
Meryon started many other artists
etching scenes in Paris. One Of the
best was Maxine Lalanne, who Is
currently represented, however, with
other subjects: A seacoast view,
Black Rocks Near Trouville" and
Pres Houlgate."
Several artists whose chief inter-
est was figures are properly includ-
ed, among them Alphonse Legros,
one Of the foremost. although he
was long identified with England.
Some gallery-goers will recall the
full-length display of his work at
the National Gallery of Art in Octo-
ber. 1914. In the present group Is
included his superb three-quarter-
length portrait Of an old man; his
sympathetic study Of two women In
church; his symbolic lie Bonhom-
me Misere" death In a fruit tree)
and a fourth etching. "Beggars."
Portraits and figure etchings by
Ribot, Constant, Nicolas Chinart
Jean Leon Gerome and Francois
Bonvin round out the picture OF this
etching revival. Even more impor-
tapt is the arresting little drypoint
portrait Of Dumas fils by Marcellin
Desboutin, highly gifted artist who
devoted himself to making a print
gallery of likenesses of celebrities in
literature and art, during the second
half OF the 10th century.
In selecting prints to compose a
theme show. the Division of Graphic
Arts presents an exhibition of much
more interest than the miscellan-
eous groups sometimes put on dis
play. While an admirable work in
any medium can stand on its own
merits, some Of us at least, derive
additional interest and informa-
ton from relationships.
Evening star., 1946-07-14
By Florence S. Berrymon

The freedom of the Swedish press
throughout World War II, despite
the fact that the Nazis were prac-
tically on Sweden's doorstep. is re-
vealed in a lively exhibition Of
Swedish wartime cartoons, which
opened July 3, sponsored by the
American-Scandinavian Foundation,
the Sveige-Amerika Stiftelsen and
the Minister from Sweden. 1t is on
view in the Natural History Build
Ing, United States National Mu-
secum, only through next Sunday.
Although Sweden was cut off al
most entirely from the outside world
and was encircled by Germany,
which constantly applied pressure,
the Swedish press remained uncen-
sored. Cartoons lampooning the
Nazi regime were published through
out the war years, giving concrete
evidence that, although Sweden was
officially neutral, there was no doubt
of the peoples convictions about the
issues involved.
The exhibition is composed OF
more than 80 original drawings in
pen and ink, crayon, charcoal, water
color and other media, by 10 Swed-
ish cartoonists. Persons who were
adults during World War I will
probably recall neutral Hollands
Louis Raemakers'1 extraordinary Sc
ries of cartoons in favor of the Al
lies well enough to compare them
fboco SyvaIich and
will find the latter less profound,
generally speaking.
Viewpoints Differ.
AS a matter of fact, part of the in
terest in the current exhibition Is
the viewpoint it gives of ourselves
and our Allies, markedly different at
times from our own convictions.
These Swedish cartoonists found
nothing admirable in the Nazis; Hit
Yer and his supporters are fearlessly
held up to ridicule, their crimes are
emphasized. But Roosevelt, Church
III and Stain, too, are the victims
of some sharp barbs, mostly on the
subject Of their political machina-
tions and disagreements.
The cartoonists whose groups most
Impressed me are Edward Lindahl,
Birger Lundquist and Mark Sylvan.
All three have telling captures OF
the war leaders, caricatures which
are also excellent likenesses. On the
basis of their representation in the
present exhibition, it appears that
Lundquist has the lightest, most sa-
tirical touch, Sylvan is the strongest
and most somber and Lindahl is
about midway between them in tenn
permanent, with an excellent level OF
accomplishment.
Lundquist'S Turkey, 1941,' is one
of the funniest cartoons in the show.
Turkey is depicted as an opulent,
Oriental siren being aSsiduously
wooed by Roosevelt with money!,
Churchill and Stain. Sylwan's ad-
mlrably drawn Hitler With Hatred,
Hunger and Death" is in the tragic
Raemakers tradition. Indeed, Syl-
vans group is the outstanding one.
Some Of Lindahls cartoons remind
the observer Of Great Britain's
David Low.
Among the other cartoonists, Einar
Nettelbradts work is domestic satire,
some OF it savage Thorwald Gah-
Inns cartoons are in the same SUBJ
ject classification, done in a comic
strip technique. Oscar Cleve's work,
technically less impressive than the
others, is divided between fairy tales
and morbid comment on his milieu.
Ivar Starkenberg drew the one car
toon most laudatory of the U. S. A.