davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-04-05
UN

If UN has any respect for the
phonetic sensibilities of it's Gus
toners in this country, UN will
change its name again. UNO may
have lacked authority, for it is
argued that there was no justifica-
ton for adding the Organization
there being no Organization in the
original charter or anywhere else,
including San Francisco. But UNO
sounded pretty. 1t had something
of a Tilt to it. 1t was not unlike
Una, the beautiful maiden in Spen-
ser's "Faerie Queene," who was the
personification of Truth. But UN
is ugly. Its only authorized use in
English is as prefix to express
negation-UN beautiful, UN-attrac-
tive, UN-truthful. UN! A most
unimaginative word, wholly without
personality, distasteful alike in
sound and in suggestion. Think of
the headlines: walks Out of UN,"
"UN Undecided After Unpleasant
UnrulineSS," "UN to Probe UNRRA."
To a gentleman whose first name is
Trygve, UN may be thing of beauty.
Not so here. 1t is inconceivable that
anything named UN can promise
peace and happiness, down through
the years, to a weary world. UN is
a good name for villain in a novel
about cavemen. not a name that
suggests shining hope. UN? Ugh!
Evening star., 1946-04-05
ReeCe a Natural Choice
By Raym ond MoIey

The election of Mr. Reece followed the
rule of inevitability in politics. Former
Senator Danaher is an able man and
politician, but he was from the East
and he was suspected of being too close
group. John Haynes is a converted
Democrat, and that doesn't go with
regular Republicans Parties do not
readily absorb refugees from other par
ties. That left Mr. Reece as the most
available candidate. and the regulars of
the committee elected him.
Mr.. Reece has been close, geographic
cally and ideologically, to such Ohio
Gov. Bricker. The Middle West will
recognize him as man of their liking.
He can keep track of the skeleton party
in the South. He is nearer the West
and Far West than his opponents were.
Harold Stassen's reservations about
the Reece record in Congress will not
be serious. Mr.. Stassen must, if he has
ambitions, keep fairly good relation
ship with the national committee He
cannot fight it, if he is to be assured of
plenty of delegates in 1948. He will go
along. The Reece noninterventionist
record in Congress will not matter much.
The chairman's job is to set up the
machinery to elect any candidate He
has no duties connected with selecting
a candidate and few in determining
policies. Any leaning by him toward
one or another of the aspirants would
hurt the aspirant and Mr.. Reece as
well.
The Reece job is to build harmoni-
GUS and efficient party organization on
the good foundations laid by Herbert
Brownell. The country needs a strong
Republican party. and the new chair
man has the capacity to lead it in the
two and half years ahead.
CReleased By Associated Newspapers, Ine.)
Evening star., 1946-04-05

in the East, South and Midwest will
leave the question for local decision.
Among cities planning to make the
change are New York, Philadelphia,
Boston, Buffalo, Chicago and st.
Louis. Railroads, airlines and radio
networks will have trouble in ad-
justing themselves to the varying
schedules. The sensible solution
would be for the whole country to
fall in line,. but President Truman
has said he would leave the matter
to Congress, and Congress, perhaps
mindful of States rights, has shown
no disposition to take the initiative.
Whatever the remainder of the
country does, however, there is good
reason to believe that Washington
mans would prefer to have longer
days this spring and summer. Con-
gresS would be making a popular
move if it authorized daylight saving
in the District for the next six
months.
Evening star., 1946-04-05
This Changing World
By Constantine Brown

Baku. We ourselves are seeking to OBJ
tain important concessions for the
liquid gold" in Saudia Arabia But there
is a world of difference between negoti-
ating concession with a country which
has untapped oil resources on business
basis and ccercing a country to yield its
riches at pistol point, with an army Of
occupation and the installation of
puppet government.
The 1ranian government is not op-
posed to giving the Soviet government
concessions similar to those given to the
Anglo-Persian Oil Co. many years ago.
y Since all the economic activities in the
U. S. S. R. are controlled by the govern
ment, it is natural that the discussions
should be carried out as government
to-government proposition rather than
a government-to- matter.
Mr. Byrnes is expected to return soon
to Washington, tired but jubilant. The
temporary settlement of the Russo
Iranian dispute has strengthened the
Security Council and the UN beyond
the expectations of the most optimistic
hackers Of the organization.
There are still many clouds which are
darkening the political horizon. The
question of the Yugoslav claims on Ital-
ian territories, the Russian demands on
Turkey, the settlement of the Italian
possessions in Africa and in the Medi-
terranean are all laden with political
dynamite. Some observers are still skep-
tical about the Russian pledge to remove
its forces from certain pivotal" areas
in Iran.
X +
But these matters, which last week
were considered to have a dangerous
war potential, are regarded today with
more optimism. The Security Council
has emerged as a real power and the
UN now has a better chance of becom-
ing the superstate it was intended to
be when 81 nations gave their unquali-
fed approval of it at San Francisco
last summer.
There is no doubt that further ef-
forts will be made in the near future
to challenge the Councils authority by
attempts to present it with accom-
plished facts" The success obtained
Wednesday mas given hope to the big
and small nations that such attempts
will be frustrated.
The United States, which after the
December conference in Moscow ap-
peared to have reached its lowest diplo-
matte ebb. has now emerged as the
leader Of the peace-loving nations ready
to espouse vigorously the cause of the
weak.
Evening star., 1946-04-05

The election of B. Carroll Reece as
chairman of the Republican National
Committee suggests no mystery or plot
by mythical "Old Guard" He was
elected because, among the available
candidates, he came nearest to repre-
senting organization Republicans. Will
Hays, a one-time successful chairman
told Wendell Willkie, when, as candi-
date for President in 1910 he was look
ing for party pilot, what the essentials
of the job should be. "He must" said
Mr.. Hays. "be a man whom all the
million or more local political leaders
can look to and understand. They must
look up through the long hierarchy of
the party and see at the top their kind
of man, who speaks their language and
sympathizes with their problems"
This was sound and experienced ad-
vice. Innovation, reform and intra-
party criticism can be left to candidates
But the chairman must be neutral and
regular.
Those who say that the Democratic
party, under Mr.. Roosevelt, followed q
different policy miss the whole point
Mr.. Roosevelt himself was an innovator,
a creator of issues But his various
chairmen were regulars. Farley, Flynn,
Walker and Hannegan were men chosen
to fulfill the Hays specifications stated
above. They were picked by Mr.. Roose-
velt, but they were men who might well
have been elected in any event.
X X X X
ReformerS and brain Eusters in the
early days of the New Deal deliberately
refrained from interfering with party
machinery. In later days, when per-
sonal advisers of the President, like
Tommy Corcoran OF Harry Hopkins,
tampered with party matters, they were
told to keep hands off. In fact, con-
dition imposed by one of the party
chairmen, when he took over. was that
the President keep his personal en-
tourage out Of campaigns.
Evening star., 1946-04-05
Plain Speaking
rom the Montana Standard.

From the Montana Standard.
One member of the national House Of
Representatives is voluntarily retiring
and in doing so he is firing some part
Ing blasts. He is Representative Hat
ton w. Summers, veteran of 80 years
congressional service. Throughout his
warnings is chorused one thought. He
says that our form of government is
being gradually destroyed by willful or
unknowing acts of the people in gov
ernment. Here is a paragraph from one
of Representative Summers farewell
speeches:
There isn't sensible person in this
room now who can look his children or
grandchildren in the face and be cer-
tain that he can leave to them the
heritage of the privilege of being free
A lot of people will wish that other
members of the national Congress would
speak as plainly and as forcefully as
Representative Summers But it seems
they are afraid to speak out. They must
get the votes to be reelected. But we
will venture to say that Representative
Summers would get more votes by his
plain speaking than he would by dodg-
ing around the issues.
Evening star., 1946-04-05

opinion, any delay in the present
elections would be misunderstood by
the japanese people and might pro-
duce popular reactions adverse to
the Allied occupation. AS he ex-
pressed it: "All parties in Japan
except the Communistic party over
whelmingly favor" the holding of
the elections and the legislation
proposed by the supreme commander
and worked out by men from many
different groups and many different
affiliations"
The generals reply would seem to
be logical and we'll founded. espe-
cally when viewed against the
background of his highly successful
administration and obvious insight
into japanese national psychology.
Evening star., 1946-04-05
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

An article in the Swiss weekly, Welt
woche, of March l illuminates what
is happening in the Soviet Union. The
writer, who entities the article THE
Soviets at the Crossroads" merely re-
ports, without editorializing He says
that the Soviet government, immedi-
ately after the close of the war, realized
that millions of Russians have learned.
from manning occupation armies. that
the standard of living for the ordinary
man is, in many border countries, higher
than that in the Soviet Union, and that
in the depths of the Russian masses
many desires of a political, economic
and spiritual nature are stirring.
AS a result the Soviet government
has been making systematic study of
public opinion among the higher func-
tionaries Of the party, the upper bu-
reaucracy army officers. diplomats and
selected professors and intellectuab
This Gallup POLL if one might so
describe an inquiry which has gone
deeper than answers to questionnaires,
has revealed four separate and con-
Trajectory streams of opinion. The
writer classes two of them under THE
Imperialists' and two under The
ISolationists."
The imperialists, like the isolationists,
divide themselves into right and left
wing.
The right wing includes nationalists
who always favored a strong nationalist
base for the U. S. S. r. and who,
formerly pushed into the background,
emerged during the patriotic war"
which, they maintain, proved national
ism a stronger cohesive force than
Communism.
These believe that the U. S. S. R.
should give priority to foreign affairs.
They argue that the Soviet Union has
become a world power and should ex-
plot that fact to the utmost. They
argue that the Soviets have nothing to
fear, since the contradictions that
plague the rest of the world will not
ease; that British American solidarity is
only temporary, and, therefore, no COM
promises are necessary. They advocate
never retreating on Soviet interests, but,
instead, raising counterattacks and
counterclaims.
(Recent speeches of Molotov and
Stain would seem to indicate that this
policy of the right-wing nationalist
imperialists has, at the moment, the
upper hand)
But the author maintains it has strong
opposition even in the nationalist camp.
The left wing is satisfied with the
awakening of the national spirit and
wishes to deepen national internal unity
through concentrating on rapid recon-
struction of the economy and raising
the living standard, taking defensive,
Evening star., 1946-04-05

The vigorous attitude of Secretary Of
State ByrneS, who throughout the diff
cult negotiations in New York refused
to Waver from his position that the
Security Council could not and should
not be flouted, is chiefly responsible for
the satisfactory solution of the Iranian-
Soviet dispute, even If it were only of
q temporary nature.
The UN has emerged victorious in the
first major scUffle with a veto holding
power. The Moscow government, after
having adopted a surly and defiant at
tltude for 10 days, was compelled to
get into step with the other members
of the Council and gave an unqualified
assurance that its forces in Iran would
be Internationally withdrawn by May g.
Some of the Moscow imperialists may
consider the victory of the Council as
Soviet defeat. AS a matter of fact
however, it is blessing for the future of
Russia.
The majority of the members of the
Council have shown that they cannot
be easily intimidated by threats and
menaces. Ambassador Gromykos with
drawal from the Council table, on def
mite orders from his foreign office,
made an impression on some of the
members But the clear-cut position
adopted by the American Secretary of
State-that, regardless of how much an
individual member might resent the ac-
tions of the UN the principles of the
San Francisco Charter must be safe
guarded-averted detection.
Whatever diplomatic mistakes may
have been made in the past by Wash
ington and regardless of how much
this country might be described by the
foreign propaganda as corroded by So
cial unrest and unwilling to fight for
principles, the majority of the Security
Councils delegates realized that there
Is still an enormous power behind the
American Government. Mr.. Byrnes
convinced them that this power could
still be used for the cause of Justice and
lasting peace. Mr.. Byrnes also con-
vinced his colleagues that America def
ritely intends to stand by the principles
of the San Francisco Charter
The American Government has made
it clear to the Russians that it is not
opposed to any agreements which Mos
cow may be able to reach with Teheran
regarding the oil fields in Azerbaijan
1t is only natural that Moscow should
desire a controlling interest in those oil
fields, which are nothing but a con-
tinuation of the Russian deposits in
Evening star., 1946-04-05
Jupun's Election Issue

Although the parallel is not COM
plete, there is one outstanding SINH
larity between the elections just held
in Greece and those slated to be
held in Japan on April 10. In both
cases. the local Communist parties
object to their being held at this
time, and in both cases Moscow has
backed up these objections Fur
thermore, in Japan, as in Greece
suCA objections have been overruled
MoScow's move in Japan was less
positive than it's attitude toward the
Greek elections. 1t came in the form
of series of suggestions framed by
Nikolai V. Novikov, Soviet Russia's
representative on the Far Eastern
Commission set up in an advisory
capacity to the Allied supreme.
commander, General Douglas Mac
Arthur. The chief point in the
memorandum questioned the ad-
visibility of immediate elections
which might result in Diet and a
cabinet representing old-line jingo-
ist and militarist elements, because
the political education of the Japa-
nese people had not progressed far
enough for the constructive exercise
of the suffrage. It should be under
stood that this memorandum was
entirely suggestive in character, with
no hint of an intention to exercise
supervisory control or review of
General MacArthur's directive that
the elections be held.
The general has now answered
these suggestions in the negative,
giving detailed reasons for SO doing.
He begins by pointing out that, as a
result of his drastic political purge,
all outstanding personalities tainted
with war guilt or ultra-nationalism
have been disqualified for nomina-
ton as candidates to the Diet. AS
result, the reactionary, war-plotting
elements of japanese political life
are now thoroughly disorganized,
thus automatically benefting the
more moderate parties. The gen.
eral therefore considers it would be
a mistake to let the reactionaries
rally their forces and find new can
didates technically eligible, as he
believes they would do if elections
were long postponed.
General Macarthur goes on to
point out that he has the final au-
thority as regards the japanese and
could dissolve any Diet and order
new elections if he saw fit. In his
Evening star., 1946-04-05
Letters to The Star
Differs With Mr.. Ickes About
Diminishing Oil Resources

To the Editor Of The Star:
1t has been widely expected that Mr..
Ickes, as columnist, sooner or later
would resort to his deliberate weakness
of misleading his readers. However, it
was hardly expected that he would sue
cumb to this weakness in the very first
paragraph of his first column after his
Introductory column on Monday.
refer to the statement: Already we
know that our petroleum supplies are
diminishing to the point that they prob
ably will not fuel another war, or even
generation"
Who does Mr.. Ickes mean when he
says I'VE know? He certainly doesn't
mean our eminent and world renowned
geologistS and authorities on our petro-
leum resources, because there is almost
complete unanimity of opinion among
these scientists and authorities that the
known reserves and resources of petro-
leum in the United States are sufficient
to meet our own civilian economy for
and authorities recently have presented
facts, information and data to the Sen
ate Special Committee Investigating
Petroleum Resources, headed by Senator
Joseph c. OMahoney as chairman, sub
stantiating our known and potential
petroleum reserves and resources, upon
which their opinions are based. Ger
tainly Mr.. Ickes' statement does not
reflect the opinions of these competent
and widely recognized scientists and
authorities.
Mr.. Ickes also speaks of the Anglo
American oil treaty as though it were
an accomplished fact, whereas this
treaty has not been ratified by the
United States Senate and probably will
not be ratified, because too many people
and too many Senators are firmly con-
vinced that this treaty represents an
unsound national and foreign policy and
eventually would lead us into serious
foreign entanglements and difficulties.
L. S. SCOTT.
Evening star., 1946-04-05
The Globe

Cleaning 1uith silver highlights. the
globe stands
Upon my desk, the World before my
eyes.
1t turns beneath my fngertipS, the lands
Each in its o,Dn clear color, shape ard
size.
A 1Dorld so marvelous that only God
Could haze conceiued it, and houe
made complete
The sapphire seas, the hills, the plains
the sod
An emerald carpet for mems farinq
feet.
The blue, serene sphere turns-the na-
tionS blend
One 1Utth another - only the seas
diUide
The east from tueSt pruu thee,
Lord God send
This same tranquility ,phere men
abide.
This pictured tcorld Is beautifully at
peace.
Lord, bid the turmoil OF the real earth
cease.
GRACE NoLL cRoWE1L
Evening star., 1946-04-05
Paprika is the principal ingredient

Paprika is the principal ingredient
in a new method of giving hatchery
trout a beauty treatment whereby
their coloration is intensified to re-
semble the real wild article. This
delights anglers. Now if just some
one will work out an incubation
method for making said hatchery
fish's inferior flesh firm, pink and
toothsome, every one will be happy,
including the fish.
Evening star., 1946-04-05
Bovine Pucifists
From the Bangor News.

bHHgUr NEWS.
Some scientist of the dairy has just
figured that the cud-chewing cow moves
its jaws 41,000 times in each "a hours
surely a most useful piece of informa-
ton. Yet, with all this jaw-work, the
COW never says anything that would
hurt anybody. Why can't Moscow's
Pravda learn q lesson from the cow7
Evening star., 1946-04-05

Is there anywhere any record of
a medieval knight who, once a cam
paign or crusade was over, prompt
ly sold his war horse; melted up
his armor and used his sword for
a hatchet?
Evening star., 1946-04-05
o Tempora, o Mores

To the Editor of The Star:
There by the pearly gates they sat-
Gene and Sam-just having chat,
Debs and eompers discussing the worth
of what was happening down on earth
Giant industries picket hanked,
smokeless chimneys and fires banked,
barren shelves in the country store;
production needed as ne'er before.
Idle worker and idle plant while lead
ers wrangle and rave and rant, each
side feeling disasters pinch. But neither
willing to give an inch.
Quoth Gene to Sam, "They thought
us grabbed, wild and woolly and red and
rabid Today if we two on earth should
live they'd label us 'ultraconservative'
RAY H. EVERETT.
Evening star., 1946-04-05
Russia and the ,Gimmees


To the Editor OF The Star:
The Soviet republics have broken out
into severe rash of the gimmees, a
common disease, suffered more or less
severely by practically all nations at
various peaks in their respective life
times.
Some are immune after the first at
tack, while others succumb to several
before final cure Is effected. Age is
no factor. Education, freedom of speech
and association with ones world neigh
bors are the most outstanding remedies,
feet.
The Soviets have suffered a great de-
ficiency of the aforesaid curative prop
critics, and are, as result, very, very
Ill. Unfortunately, this illness develops
into menace similar to rabies in it's
that nation is allowed to run amok, it
becomes a source of supreme threat to
the lives of all with whom it comes in
contact. The immediate urgency of the
situation cannot wait on the slow action
of the aforementioned specifics; the
madness must be destroyed
1t is possible to inoculate for this dis
ease before it develops too far for aid.
1t is not too late for Russia to accept
such treatment. This best can be ad-
ministered by the councils of the UN,
made up largely of states which have
endured this disease, effectively or sub
jectively, to emerge immune. They
have the wisdom and experience to rec
ognize the legitimate aims and needs of
their fellow nations. They can dis
progress and the fatal sickness of ag-
gression. None are infallible in their
perspectives or in their judgments, but,
working together for world harmony as
the common goal, they will make fewer
mistakes than if left to solve world
problems as individual units or pressure
groups.
II these wisely considered measures
fail, the UN can stand as one against
the diseased and irrational state Quar-
antine should isolate the latter as q
first precaution against it's ravages. If
this fails, the last resort, however un-
welcome and shocking, must be war.
1t is unthinkable that any nation,
after the last ruinous war; should desire
to provoke another, but the virus of
aggression knows no reason. Russia has
the gimmees, and it isn't measles.
DOROTHY SNOW SMITH.
Evening star., 1946-04-05
Duty of the Government

Duty VI tllS government
To the Editor of The Star:
I heartily commend your editorial of
April on the Right to Strike" In the
closely integrated era in which we live
the action of one group can and even
tually will affect the lives and welfare
of our entire people and its effects ex-
tend even beyond the seas. Coal is
basic necessity which the country as
whole must have, if it is to survive
Therefore, coal strike is not merely
a strike against the mine owners. 1t is
a strike against the entire Nation. It
then is not only the right, but the duty
of our Government to protect the people
against the disaster of a prolonged coal
strike. The President and Congress are
duly elected by the people, paid by the
taxes levied upon the people, for the
purpose of protecting the interests of the
people. 1t is about time Congress and
the President awoke to a sense of their
responsibility to the people and take the
necessary steps not only to stop strikes,
but to prevent strikes. S. R. BAUER.