davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-05-01
Congress Uncertainty
Blamed as Draft Fails
To Meet April Quota
By the Associated Press

It's future clouded by congress
sional uncertainty, the draft ap-
parently fell far short of meeting
the Army's expanded manpower re-
quirements in April.
A corresponding slump was record
ed in the rate of voluntary enlist
ments during the month.
The failure of April draft induc-
tions to meet requirements was indi-
Gated by official but preliminary
War Department figures which
showed that only 1900 selectees
were sworn in during the first two
weeks as against the Army's require
ment of 125, 900 for the month.
The volunteer recruiting rate in
the same period dropped to approx
imately $4,000 week, about a third
of the highest week in November.
Congress delay in reaching a de-
cision whether to extend the life
of selective service beyond May Is
was the primary explanation for
the two declines, War Department
officials contended. The House has
passed an extension bill which would
forbid inductions until October IS,
but the Senate has yet to act.
Speaking privately, one Army
manpower authority said "the local
boards are just reluctant to call up
men for induction as long as they
are not sure there is going to be
any more draft at ALL"
Selective Service headquarters said,
however, that in March the draft
made its best record in months, in
Quoting 1884 men toward a COM
bined Army-Navy quota of 1000.
The War Department called for
$4,000 draftees in April in addition
to the Regular Army monthly quota
of $4,000 because the draft had piled
up this total deficiency In the previ-
Gus five months. Men were accepted
for limited service who had been
barred under previous standards.
In an effort to meet the call, local
boards were directed by Maj. Gen.
Lewis B. Hershey, national selective
service director, to comb their lists
of 4-Fs and of other physically sub
standard men who had been de-
ferred because of civilian occupa-
tions.
Evening star., 1946-05-01

cases, was questioned sharply by
Cubage's attorney. 1t. Morris MCGEE
Of Birmingham, Ala, about the ma
ture Of his role as co-ordinator and
the instructions he issued the trial
staffs.
There is a certain amount OF
pressure being exerted to get these
cases tried quickly" said 1t. MCGEE,
who indicated he would ask a post
ponement also for Cubage.
Speaking from what he called
notes on his verbal instructions, Col
SCHNEIDER said:
my mission is to assist in these
trials, which have been getting a
lot of bad publicity"
Evening star., 1946-05-01
Strikers Will Commute
To Picket Cusket Firm
By the Assoeiofed Pres.

BOYERTOWN, Pa, May IA
picket line Of committing strikers
was set up today between Boyertown,
New York and Philadelphia by en-
ployes of the strike-bound Boyer
town Casket Co., an AFL Uphol-
sterers' Union spokesman an
nounced.
Francis Bonner, representative of
Evening star., 1946-05-01

Every United States Savings Bond
you buy brings you that much nearer
to freedom from want and freedom
from fear of want.
Evening star., 1946-05-01
Four Die in Athens Clash

ATHENS, May / (P).-Four per-
sons were killed yesterday in clash
between Communists and Xitos
(monarchists) in suburban Peristeri.
Evening star., 1946-05-01

NOME 100000 coal miners have been on
strike for a month. AS result hundreds
~ of thousands of workers in other industries
~ are being forced into idleness; and the
nation faces it's most serious crisis since the end
of the war.
What you think and do about the coal strike
is important. It is important to you and your
family and to every one of us in this country.
Coal is the most basic of all industries. With
out it steel cannot be manufactured 80.
Without steel, automobiles, washing machines,
refigerators, homes, vacuum cleaners and many
other essential things people have wanted for so
long cannot be made...
Already, steel and automobile companies are
closing down ..
Railroad service is being curtailed %:
Electric light and gas plants are reducing their
output 80.
If coal mining is longer delayed the coal famine
will affect your corner grocer.
Such material effects as these of prolonged
coal strike you can readily see.
But there is more at stake in the coal strike
than the continuing supply of these things.
There is challenge to our very way of life.
HyHE OFFICIALS of the miners union have re-
i fused to bargain collectively with the mine
operators They have based their refusal on a
demand that the operators must first agree in
principle to an excise tax to be levied on every ton
of coal mined.
Evening star., 1946-12-01
Cramberries Add
Flavor to Many
Fruit Desserts
By Margaret McPheeters
MoryIand Extension Nvtritionlsi

Morylond Extension Nutriiionisi
A good crop Of cranberries this
year goes along with a good apple
crop to provide plenty Of material
for salads, mixed fruit desserts and
desserts that give flavor without re-
|quiring much sugar.
Be sure to discard shriveled or soft
cranberries, since these few poor
fruits may give the food bitter
taste. Cranberries can be used in
pies with raisins. to reduce the use
of sugar, yet make an excellent des-
sert that has the real cranberry
favor.
Cranberrfes contain vitannin c and
the consumer gets the most of this
important food elements by eating
the berries raw, as In orange cram
berry relish or other salads. To save
sugar, also, the cranberries can be
used with prepared dessert puddings.
The following salad is an example
Of one that is sprightly and easy to
make:
2 apples, diced
2 cups cranberries, chopped
" cup diced celery
Il cup diced walnuts
Lettuce and French dressing to
taste.
For best results, chill the food
thoroughly before preparation, so
that short chilling after the salad
is mixed will be sufficient.
Evening star., 1946-12-01
Soil Analysis Tells
What Nutrients Are
Abundant in Land

Observations by agronomists have
focused attention on the need for
an examination of the lime, phoS-
phorus and potassium levels in soil
before undertaking an improvement
program, according to the Virginia
Experiment Station.
For example, If a soil is greatly
deficient in phosphorus and II .po-
tassium is present In high amounts,
a moderate application of the usual
fertilizers would not give increased
crop yields. For, If there is sufh-
cient supply of any nutrient or ele-
ment In the soil, crops will not be
helped by applying more. In some
cases harm might result.
1t is thus necessary to know the
amounts of the various nutrients
present in the soil before adding
soil building materials so that a
nutritional balance may be obtained.
The need for soil ANALYSIS was
illustrated recently in the Connecti-
cut Valley where heavy applications
Of fertilizers containing high
amounts of phosphorus for vege-
tables and tobacco have been made
for years. Here accumulations of
phosphorus amounting to 1856
pounds per acre foot have been built
up in the soil, compared to about
875 pounds for the average soil.
No increase in crop yield could be
expected from additional applica-
tions Of phosphorus.
In making a soil analysis, agrono-
mists said 1t should be remembered
that the total amount of phosphorus
and potassium does not necessarily
mean the total amount available to
crops. These elements often are
fixed in the soil in complex man
ner, and it is important to learn the
rate at which they become avail
able for assimilation by plants.
The amount of lime present in
the soil, and the amount to be added,
will determine to a large degree
the availability of both phosphorus
and potassium.
Evening star., 1946-12-01

A new breed OF hogs, more eco
nomical as feeders and more pro-
ductive OF the choice cuts OF meat.
Is now being established at the Ag-
riculture Departments Research
Center at Beltsville, Md.
The new breed, based upon the
Danish landrace-a long, white hog,
noted for fine bacon and hamS-is
expected to be introduced on Ameri-i
can farms within the next two or,
three years.
According to officials in the de-
partment's swine section, expert
ments indicate that the Landrace
crosses produce about 100 pounds OF
weight per $40 pounds Of feed. This
compares to about 100 pounds OF
weight to 400 pounds Of feed for the
average breed.
In addition, 1t Was said, the Land
race crosses finish out well, with a
good development Of hams, loins and
side or bacon. While the crosses
are not "lard hogs" there is enough
fat to make q choice carcass.
The breeding experiments began
in 1884 when 80 Landrace hogs were
brought from Denmark under an
agreement with the Danish gov
ernment that the hogs would be
used In this country only for breed
ing experiments.
The Landrace has been RESPONSE
BILE for Denmark's large pork exports
to England. Before the war the
Danes supplied about 30 per cent OF
the pork sold on the British market.
In establishing the American
breed, geneticists are attempting to
retain the meat-producing qualities
of the Landrace, while strengthen
ing feet and back and changing the
color. American farmers do not
like a white hog because 1t is less
able to Withstand southern climates.
Weakness of back and feet, not i'm
portant In Denmark, where hogs are
pen fattened, would be serious
handicap in this country.
Two crosses were made at Belts
vile. One with the Landrace and
Poland China, and the other with
Landrace and Duroc Jersey. The
Poland China cross has become
better established at this point than
the Duroc cross, officials said. In
addition to the tests at Beltsville,
work also is being done in Montana
with the Landrace and Hampshire,
and on the Maryland Eastern Shore
with the Landrace and Berkshire.
The result Of the Landrace-
Poland China crosses Is expected to
produce q breed Of black hogs that
will retain the main characteristics
Of the Landrace. officials said. In
fixing these characteristics, it was
explained. the hogs viii be from 80
to IS per cent inbred.
Swine experts anticipate a ready
Evening star., 1946-12-01
Experts Will Speak
On Dairy Techniques

National experts in dairy plant
production and In handling of farm
problems in producing clean, pure
milk will speak at the 1946 dairy
technology conference at the Uni
versity of Maryland, scheduled
Tuesday through Thursday.
This will be the first joint confer
ence of dairy plant operators and
employees, milk inspectors and dairy
marketing f1eldmen, according to
DR.. Ira Gould and Prof. Floyd ]. Ar
mold of the University Of Maryland
dairy staff,
Evening star., 1946-12-01
Farm Prices
May Decline,
Expert Says

Dr.. Harry M. Love. head Of the
agricultural economics department
at Virginia Polytechnic Institute,
predicted recently that farm prices
may decline sharply II the Nations
economic pattern conforms to the
one following World War ].
"Values of industrial stocks rose
steadily, reaching in December. 1919,
an average 50 per cent above that
of 1917" DR.. Love said. Then the
values began to decline. BY late
August, 1921, the average was down
46 per cent, or 2 points below the
1917 level.
"In the 1868 period" no said,
prices received by farmers rose from
an index Of lit to 200. Then came
10 serious break in 1920, and by the
end of 1921 the average index had
fallen to 116.
Keyed to Stock Trends.
Both stock values and farm prices
went UP and then down." DR.. Love
explained. Farm prices followed
the stock value trend by only q few
months. S
Look at what has happened
recently:
"From May. 1912. through May,
1916, stock values rose 128 per cent.
BY last August a downtrend in stocks
began to appear and has since been
gaining speed. This break came, as
it did In World War !, just about q
year after the fighting stopped"
DR.. Love said that for the last four
years prices received by farmers have
risen faster than the prices they have
paid.
Debts Are Major Factor.
He warned, however, that when
prices to farmers begin to fall they
will drop faster than the prices Of
things they buy and that farmers
no longer will be able to pay opera
ton and improvement costs out Of
immediate income.
''If farmers are heavily In debt
when this time comes" DR.. Love
said, "they will have to skimp on
their living standards and may 60
bankrupt.
1--WE should not be so optimistic
as to think that prosperity is here
to stay" DR.. Love said. There is
increasing evidence of trouble ahead.
Falling prices win force adjust
ments that may be disastrous to ALL"
Evening star., 1946-12-01
Frederick Farm
Agent Will Get
Service Award

H. r. Shoemaker, Frederick
County (Md.) agricultural agent
will be given the Distinguished
Service award OF the National AS
sociation Of County Agents Friday
at Chicago. Mr.. Shoemaker, who
will be honored for outstanding
service to the farmers of his COM
munity. is the first Maryland county
agent to receive the award.
A native Of Sandy Spring, Mr.
Shoemaker was graduated from the
University of Maryland in 1917. He
served in the First World War, and
taught school for time at Middle
town, Frederick County, before
being appointed county agent.
County Ranks High.
Paul E. Nystrom, deputy Mary
land Extension Service director,
said Mr.. Shoemaker's influence is
reflected in that Frederick is among
the top ranking counties in this
Nation.
''More important than develop
ment of crops and livestock has
been the development of leadership
among the people of the county,
Mr.. Nystrom said. "The All Club
program has been outstanding In
developing that leadership. The
All judging teams have excelled
both In State and national contests,
the dairy team taking top national
honors for 1s46.
Both the Farm Bureau and
Grange rank first in the State as to
number of members. The county
was the first in the State to develop
a juvenile Grange and the work of
all agricultural organizations Of the
county feature> participation of
young people.
Extension Program at Work.
'Mr. Shoemaker has developed a
county program that emphasized
the improvement in livestock, ex-
panding the production of home
grown feed and strengthening the
work Of community organizations
of the county. Under his leadership
the county developed an artificial
dissemination association which be-
came the nucleus for the State as
sociation. The Percheron Horse
Breeders Association was developed
as one Of the largest in the Nation.
The dairy and livestock breed as
sociations of the county have been
leaders in the State.
Likewise, co-operatives In the
county excel among the co-ops of
the State. The county was among
the first to introduce and develop
hybrid corn, barley and alfalfa.
"Mr. Shoemaker has been selected
on number Of occasions to repre-
sent county agents in national con-
ferences. His county has been Sc
lected more often than any In the
State as one to be visited by not
ables who come to Washington to be
directed to counties where they can
observe outstanding county agent
work. He has featured work with
business interests as a spokesman
for agriculture.
Evening star., 1946-12-01
Goals Conference
To Be Held Tuesday

The Maryland State Goals Con-
ference on farm production for 1947
will be held Tuesday at College
Park, Joseph n. Blandford, State
PIMA director. has announced.
Prospective production will be aimed
at maintaining high output Of COM
modities in continued demand, and
decreasing other production to
peacetime levels.
Suggested goals for Maryland,
calculated on the basis of national
needs, have been submitted by the
Agriculture Department. These sug-
gestions will be reviewed by State
farm leaders and approved or modi-
fed in accordance with production
facilities, labor conditions and other
factors influencing Maryland farm
operations.
Evening star., 1946-12-01

In many respects 1916 was salts
factory gardening year. There was
no long period Of dry weather to
burn up our crops such as we had in
'43 and "A. Rains were not par
ticularly heavy but they were rela-
lively frequent. hence the lawns re-
manned In good shape over much Of
the summer and were especially
good this fall. The return of the
big spring flower shows limited the
return of prewar gardening.
A warm mild spell In the middle
Of March enabled many gardeners
to get early crops into the ground.
1t also brought fruit trees and fiow-
ering shrubs into growth too early,
so that later they were injured by
q late April freeze. but the early
start Of spring and the later cool
weather resulted in an unusually
fine showing Of early spring flower
ing bulbs and shrubs. Often we
have week or more of real hot
weather in April that cuts the fiow-
ering period Of the bulbs and shrubs
short, but this was not the case in
1916.
August Rains Saved Crops.
The soil became relatively dry
and hard In late July and early Au-
gust and many gardeners began to
wonder If the flower and vegetable
crops might be burned. but late Au-
gust rains saved them. The rains
continued and the fall gardens and
lawns took on such a luxuriant new
growth some gardeners began to
fear for their roses and shrubs.
However, frosts came late. almost
month later than average and ap-
parently the lush growth did not
suffer.
The warm moist fall growing
weather produced the finest display
of dahlias and chrysanthemums in
many years. Also, the fall vegetable
gardens were the best in several
years. Caulif1ower matured In such
excellent fashion that the thinking
gardeners began to wonder why 10
cal garden authorities frown upon
it's culture. Broccoli grew faster
than the home gardener could uti-
lie it, although lacking the cool
frosty growing weather, the flavor
was not much different from that of
the summer crop. Lettuce, kale,
endive and other leafy crops pro-
Evening star., 1946-12-01

vines from disease, very few plants
escaped injury.
The blight can be prevented with
the Bordeaux spray mixture and no
doubt many gardeners viii protect
their vines In the future. However.
there Is no way Of telling when or
where the disease will strike. This
is reported to be the first general
outbreak on the Atlantic Seaboard.
The late spring froSts ruined the
peach crop for many gardeners and,
for few, the apple crop. Straw
berries turned out very well and
those few who struggle with rasp-
berries were well paid for their
efforts. Grapes did reasonably well
where they were protected from the
Jap beetles. There was, as might be
expected with ample rains, consider
able brown rot Of peaches and cher
ries (sweet) and some black rot Of
grapes. Apples showed more than
the usual amount Of scab.
The early bloom Of roses was poor
due to the new growth being frozen
by the April cold wave. Many grow
ers reported the spring bloom to be
the poorest In q number Of years
and also stated that the winter loss
of bushes was heavy. This is un-
fortunate for rose bushes are scarce
and high priced, making replace
ment difficult.
Balancing the favorable against
the unfavorable, 1946 must be ad-
judged q very good year for the
gardener. His efforts for the most
part were well rewarded with good
crops. This Is well attested to by
the size and excellence OF the fall
harvest shows. And last, but not
least, the fall has been favorable to
the planting and other work prepa-
ratory to next seasons floral parade.
Evening star., 1946-12-01
Club Notes 10th Year

The Woodbridge Garden Club will
celebrate its Goth anniversary to-
morrow at 8 pm, in the Sherwood
Church Hall, Twenty second street
and Rhode Island avenue NE. After
election of officers for 1947 and an
nual reports of committee chair
men, there will be an informal af-
fair in recognition of past presi-
dents of the club.
Entertainment features include
elections on the accordion by Give
-.vorsley and a horticultural quiz
5aducted by DIR. Freeman Weiss.
Evening star., 1946-12-01
New Hogs Yield More Bacon
Landrace Cross Proves Cheaper to Feed
With Greater Number of Choice Cuts
By jones Brchfield
By james BirchfieId

acceptance Of the new type hog by
the American consumer. In many
sections of the country hog pro-
ducers appear pleased with the. pros
poets of the new breed. and only in
a few cases has doubt been ex-
pressed that the lean hog will sup
plant the lard-type animal on the
markets in this country.
Beltsville' officials point out that
Landrace crosses that have been
sent from the experimental station
to the Baltimore market have, In all
cases, brought premium prices from
packers.
Evening star., 1946-12-01
Gardening in the Capital Area
1916 Proves Good Year, With Supplies
More Readily Obtainable Than Before
T. By Wilbur H. Younamon
BY Wilbur H. Younemon

duced bountifully. Even the fall
crop of peas was superior to the
usual spring crop.
Washington lawns grew luxuri-
antly and kept the lawn mowers In
Sc r1uch longer than the operators
would have liked. Lilacs, forsythia,
daylilies, iris and many other gar
den plants thought spring had ar
rived and burst into flower.
Supplies More Plentiful.
Garden supplies In general re-
turned to q prewar level. Several
of the old fertilizer mixtures
(formulas) were back In stock. Even
rotenone was available at OTIS per
cent rather than the wartime 0.50
per cent strength, which many gar
deners swore only fattened the bugs
and worms.
The much heralded DDT was
available for home garden use. And
did we need it? The Jap beetles
were present in swarms and gar
deners who had never used spray
tank before bought one and the DDT
and went to work. They had to-
the beetles defoliated trees and
shrubs, ate the flowers and In sew
erai sections Of this area made gar
dening discouraging hobby. How
ever, where the DDT was used, 1t
killed many beetles and repelled the
others.
Garden hose was once more on
sale In local stores. Many other
garden supplies and accessories be-
gan to reappear. Not all who want
ed lawnmowers were able to buy
them, but a considerable number
were sold In this area. Imported
Dutch bulbs were available for the
first time in six years. All supplies
and equipment were in more plenti-
full supply than since the start of
the war.
Blight Hit Tomato Vines.
On the other side of the ledger
we had some encouragement. As
the Jap beetle were
ESPECIALLY bad this season, but the
growers found the tomato
blight the most discouraging expert
ence since the drought of 1943.
Seldom had the tomato crop started
of better. Then, just as the vines
were beginning to reach full bearing
the blight struck. Since few gar
deners had protested their tomato
Evening star., 1946-08-01
on THE AIR TONIGHT,

WRc, 6:00-Rise 5ievens sings.
WT0P. 7;00-J Carroll Naish in Commuters
Iitkei."
WRC. 8;30-Jsek Haley returns.
WhAt, 9:00-A special program eommsm-
,failng Air Forces Day Actor Ben Lyon is
narrator. IT, Gen. Ira Esker speaks.
WRC, 900-Count Basic entertsas.
Evening star., 1946-08-01

WMAl. 9:30-"How Can Germany Be
Untsdl' considered by H. v kaIienbon. Max
lsrnsr. WaverIy Root and Raymond Daniel, with
6regof lemor IS moderator. q.
WT0p, t0:i5-Gen. H. H. Arnold and We
Admiral W. H. P. 8Iandy discuss ''What Are
the Military Uses of Atomic tnsrgy!"
WhAL, i0;30-Ths story Of Dr.. Endeo
fermis atomic discoveries and the development
Evening star., 1946-08-01

Last minute changes m
radio programs some
tfrnes reGch The .Sfnr too !,
Evening star., 1946-08-01

Of the atom bomb.
VOL. 10:45-Ssueiafy Of Labor Ghwel
lsnbath speaks on Government Plans for
jobs for Veterans"
WI0p, 10:45-HenY J. Taylor and Frederic
5onden, f,, debate "6ermany-Unifed OF
zoned!"
WC, tf:30-DipIomdts attending The Paris
Peace Conference are interviewed
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1946-07-05
Reportaz "Prava Lidu" re
SIovenska.

Praha (CTK) "Pravo Lidu''
prineslo v nedeli, %. cervna re-
portaz Ladislava Race re Slo-
venska. Kac pfse, re politika
ma Slovensku della Sc mnohem
citoveji nez mezi realistickymi
Cechy, a to tim spfse, re einitele
nabozenstvf nabyvaj1 neobycej-
neho vlivu v oblasti politicke,
Kvalitnejsf mensinou jsou evan
gelicf, kteri mali take urciteisi
pomer k Cechdm. Slovensky
patriotismus jest ohnivy, nedd-
veTivy, citlivy. Jejich politika
ie jeste vice narodn1 nez statnl.
Jejich demokracie Sc neprodlra
stalet1mi jake demokracie ces-
ka, neprostupuje vsechen spole-
censky zivot, neovlada smysle-
nj a neni rozvrstvena v hospo-
daTstvi a We vzdelan1. Lid jest6
We znacne m1re ponechava roz-
hodovan1 vedouc1m vrstvam a
je vice obchvacovan heslem ne5
ideologickou s~oustavou.