davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1946-01-17
CANDIDATE HERE

Tom Ireland, Cleveland, Republi-
can candidate for United States
Senator, unexpired term, was in
Caldwell Sunday, furtherlng his
campaign for this office. The unex-
pired term is for 19 days only, from
Dec. 15, 1916 to January 3, 1947.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1946-01-17
NOTICE TO DOG OWNERS

Dog tags are now on sale at the
County Auditors Office and will
continue to be sold until January 20,
1916, inclusive, without penalty.
Male dog; $1.zi, Female dog, $3.75;
Kennel license $3.50.
RAY McVAY, County Auditor.
23-24-25~26 q chg.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1946-01-17
RETURNS HOME

Paul Crum Sic, son of Mrs. Amel-
ia Crum, of Caldwell, Ohio. is one
of 1929 high-point Navy veterans
whom the Navy is returning to the
States for discharge aboard the U.
S. S. OKANOGAN, which left Oki-
nawa, December %, and is scheduled
to arrive in San Francisco about
January 8.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1946-01-17
NOTICE

NOTICE
To the Taxpayers in Noble COun-
ty, the books are now open for re-
ceiving the December, or first half
of the 1945, Real Estate tax. - Ira
Pryor, Noble County Treasurer.
26-27 chg.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1946-01-17
PRODUCE QUOTATIONS

The following prices were quoted
by the Caldwell Produce Company
effective Wednesday, January 16.
(These quotations are subject to
change without not;ce.)
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1946-01-17
RAISED FUNDS

According to statement made r
Merle Thomas, principal of the Cald-
well Grade School, grades from one
to six inc,uSre gave $'3.16 to the
annual Junior Red Cross drive that
was held in NJ BILE County.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1946-01-17
RECEIVES DISCHARGE

Don William Bowen, watertender,
first class, 532 Playground, Cald-
well, Ohio. has been discharged,
after honorable service in the Navy,
at the personnel separation center
in Norman, Okla.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1946-01-17

tober 10, 1912, boarding a train
there and travelling South for more
than Sc hours. We finally arrived
on October 18th. at the prison camp
known as Camp 1S - Sesabu. While
here, we worked on building a dam.
The food was very poor and not
much clothing. We lost about so to
65 men from starvation, exposure
and beatings.
The journal. (Caldwell, Ohio) 1934-1961, 1946-01-17

NOW ON SALE - $50 hats,
much higher priced, reduced to $1.OO,
$1.5O, and $1.95. - Dora B. Smith.
27 chg.
Evening star., 1946-09-15
World Travel Snarled in Red TuDe
Passports Vsas Health and Police Certificates Photos
Combine Delay Trade and Better Understanding

willingness to join with all nations that
wish to facilitate travel
Much has been said about these re-
strictions on international travel. They
have been condemned by shipping COM
panies and airlines. by chambers of
commerce and boards of trade, by edu-
cational and civic groups, in the public
press, and by the resolutions of inter-
national conferences 1t is high time
that something was done about them
Some day, we should be able to travel
anywhere with simple world passport
or travel card. That day may not be
near in some parts of the world. There
are large difficulties with respect to free
travel to and from war-torn Europe, the
Far East and the u S. S. R. But there
are no such difficulties in the way of
Immediately simplifying travel within
the Western Hemisphere, and it is not
necessary to wait for the cumbersome
procedure of an international confer
ence
Congress could provide today that
oAAJ tAtiLCll VI any VI llllS licIH-
lsphere holding passport or travel card
from his country should be entitled to
enter the United States as a tourist or
business visitor for not more than six
months without United States visa
subject only to the health and customs
laws-if that persons country extended
similar privileges to citizens of the
United States
Evening star., 1946-09-15

serving as professor Of economics in
Moscow from 1887 to 1889, he was chief
of the American division of the Min
istry of Foreign Affairs in 1889.
He was there only short while before
coming to the United States in 1899 as
counsellor of the Soviet Embassy in
Washington. He became Charge DAT
faires in May, 1943, and served as acting
Ambassador until he was appointed Am
bassador August 81, 1943.
Russia has decorated Gromyko twice
with the Order of Lenin.
He met his dark haired wife in Minsk
while in school there. They have two
children, son, Anatoli, A. and daugh-
ter, Emilia, s.
Gromyko is very businesslike during
Council sessions but he can be pleasant
and affable of duty.
He has no hobbies-except his love
for his workout he likes to read in bed
before going to sleep. He manages to
get seven or eight hours of sleep each
night.
Tolstoy and Puskin are among his
favorite Russian authors. His favorite
non-Russian writer's include Victor
Hugo, Balzac, Goethe, Shakespeare
Byron and Mark Twain.
His favorite books include WAR and
Peace" by Tolstoy; Eugene Onegin," by
Pushkin, and Faust" by Goethe
He is fond of music but he does not
sing nor does he play any musical in
strument
distributed by the Associated Press)
Evening star., 1946-09-15

Kroll went with Hillman to the office
of Production Management, then in 1910
became interested in pushing into the
South with the amalgamated. His or
ganiZation was about set up when Hill
man asked me to take over the laundry
workers situation in New York City"
He helped negotiate important contracts
in New York which resulted in gains in
wage and working conditions.
In Ohio. as head of the CIO Indus
trial Union Council. Kroll in 1912 played
germ of the PAC.
After the disastrous congressional
elections in AZ we decided to set up a
campaign to get the voters to the polls"
Here Kroll expounds his belief in the
power of the vote.
81 don't think it is so necessary to
emphasize the personality of the candi-
date. Whenever there has been a good
turnout at the polls, the people have
elected liberal, progressive men. 1t is
conservatives succeed"
In 1914 Kroll won the CLOS national
award for outstanding work in COM
batting racial discrimination, and be-
came assistant chairman of CIO-PAC.
Early this year he was appointed as
sistant director of the CIO drive to or
ganize the South
Following Hillman's death, he was
chosen as director of PAC, together with
new board of directors which Kroll
feels will strengthen the entire organ
ization"
The other members are: George r,
Adde's, 36-year-old secretary-treasurer
OF the auto workers; William Pollock, 46,
secretary treasurer of the textile work
ers; Julius Emspak, 40, secretary-treas-
urer of the United Electrical, Radio and
Machine Workers, and David j. Mac
Donald, 43, secretary treasurer of the
steelworkers. The day-to-day decisions
are made by Kroll and the board meets
every few weeks to draw up the main
lines of policy.
When Kroll is asked about future
PAC lines, he declares that the main
project is to intensity and strengthen
the structure throughout the country.
Not in any particular region or area"
Distributed by the Associated PressD
Evening star., 1946-09-15
u. S. Sea Trade Supremacy
Sought in 4OO-Ship Fleet
Maritime Commission Hopes to Avoid Mistake
After First World War When Lead Was Per.
mitted to Slip Away to Foreign Vessels
By A. A. HoehHns

freight vessels for this South Atlantic
trade Four of the ships, it had been
hoped, would be four already planned
superpassenger- cargo liners which at
% knots would reduce the travel time
from New York to Rio de Janeiro to
seven days. BY Presidential order, such
construction at governmental expense
has been indefinitely postponed.
So the queen ships of this service will
have to be the three prewar 19-knot,
650-passenger vessels, as soon as they
are reconverted from war service. Vari-
Gus ships of the wartime &c" classes will
make up the rest of the fleet.
Will Compete With Monopoly.
According to these plans. the report
adds, four of the ships will touch at
ports in Northern Brazil, competing
with a British monopoly in that area
developed after many years of almost
unobstructed operation"
The report concluded with warning
that I'VE must endeavor at all costs to
avoid a repetition of our experience be-
tween World War 1 and World War H."
and adds,
I'VE have at this time most of the
ingredients required for success at sea
- nevertheless, there is no cause for
complacency.'
Evening star., 1946-09-15

Today's red tape restrictions on inter-
national travel are real obstacles to
world peace and world trade. Passports
were meant to open doors. But the
passport and visa systems that have
developed in our own and other coun-
tries are closing international doors in
our faces.
We Americans usually don't think
much about passports. Most OF our
travelling is done inside the United
States, with side trips to Canada and
Mexico, where passports are unneces-
sary. During the war lot of us travelled
outside these limits, but then our uni
forms were our passports.
Now, as civilians, we will have to think
about passports and visas again.
Whether we are travellers or stay-at-
homes, these bulky, hard-to-get,
stamped, punched and countersigned
booklets are important to us. For 1t is
not extravagant to say that the present
international travel situation is a mess
whose clarification would contribute to-
ward a stable and peaceful world.
The world today is long on interna-
tional pickering and short on inter-
national understanding. We get along
pretty well with our immediate neigh
bors, the Canadians and MeXicanS, and
one important reason for this is that
lot of us have come to know lot of
them by visiting back and forth. We
go there and they come here to visit
Evening star., 1946-09-15

Although the international situation is
admittedly very confused and threaten
ing, the American ground and air forces
are relatively in no better shape today
than they were before Pearl Harbor. In
spite of the danger signals which are be-
ing received daily from abroad, nothing
has yet been done to remedy this situa-
ton.
For at least two months the White
House has been receiving well-substanti-
ated warnings of the danger of another
war into which this country would in
evitably be drawn.
The major policy-framing agencies,
the War, State and Navy Departments,
together with the top military strategists
in the Joint Chiefs of Staff, have sub
mitted to President Truman, at his re-
quest reports showing that conflict
with the U. S S. r. is conceivable Some
of the Presidents advisers have reported
lack of military preparation of the Amer
ican ground and air forces and pointed
out that failure to make a sustained
military effort, which is fully justified
under present conditions, might invite
aggression.
Secretary of State Byrnes has recently
adopted strong policy toward Russia
fully aware that while the American
war potential is as great as ever, the
Evening star., 1946-09-15

The only figures that can be COM
pared, even vaguely, are the balance
between Russia's demands and the last
peacetime production of the nations.
For the present, while the nations
scramble to rebuild. the comparison is
almost meaningless, because none of
them has hit full work schedule
Besides, Russia is asking for reparations
at 1888 prices, which were much lower
and represent more goods.
Take Romania as an example:
Russia asks $300,000,000 reparations
and European trade experts report it is
taking another $500 900 as restitu-
ton. Total, $500, 100000.
In 1888 Romania exported $3.50, $780,
000-presumably the amount of goods
she turned out above her own needs
and the margin she might be able to
apply to her Russian bill.
At that rate 1t would take all her
Evening star., 1946-09-15

goods the nations promise to ship to
Russia annually in trade. For these
Russia ships back like amounts.
Russia is asking Finland, Romania
and Hungary for $300,O0O,oO0 each in
reparations and Italy for $10O0O0,O 900.
Yugoslavia is asking ,300,0O0,OO0 of
Italy.
Bulgaria's bill is still undetermined
There is no exact knowledge on the
effect of these Russian demands ON
these nations. There are no reports on
what they're producing and Russia has
refused to make reports on either the
restitution" account or the cost of
occupation troops.
But there is suspicion here that the
demands are Cd drastically reducing
living standards and 20 may make 1t
impossible for the nations to buy or
sell outside the Russian orbit for the
next decade.
Evening star., 1946-09-15
By Sigrid Arne

Russia's demands on her European
neighbors are now so large that trade
experts here wonder whether these
nations can ever disentangle themselves.
The experts see little prospect in the
next decade.
There are four parts to the Russian
program in Finland, Romania and
Hungary, which sends large chunks of
what those nations produce east to re-
build Russia.
l. Reparations or bills for war damage.
2. Restitution or return for the loot
taken by Axis troops
8. Food, clothing and housing for
Russian troops still stationed in the
nations.
1. Trade treaties which spell out the
Evening star., 1946-09-15

margin for almost three years to pay
the Russians. But her industry is at
a postwar limp. 1t might take twice
as long. Russia recognizes that and
has specified eight years to pay. Since
Romania couldn't sell elsewhere she
couldn't build up credit to buy else
where. Shed be on a single trade track.
Some more detailed reports are avail
able ON Hungary because this summer
the United States State Department
protested to Moscow about conditions
there.
The United States said Hungarian
factories had suffered $345, ,00O. 900 war
damages but that $l24.00o.000 was due
to the fact that the Russians took
equipment out of Hungary to Russia.
The United States also said that Rus
sian troops in Hungary had taken
100000 tons of cereals in early ls45
and i9, the last half Of rs nearly all
Evening star., 1946-09-15

the meat, three-quarters of the lard and
a fifth of the milk and dairy products.
That was just for the occupation
troops. 1t could not be applied to the
Russian reparations bill-and, of course,
it was also just so much goods Hungary
couldn't sell to other nations.
Two matters are involved:
l. Whether the nations can pay their
Russian bills without Gripping their
own reconstruction too much.
2. Whether. and when, they will ever
have margin of goods to start up the
o.d trade with nations other than
Russia.
Gloonier Washington prophets think
that by the time the bills are paid
the nations will be so tied into the
Russian economy that, for all CONNER
cial purposes, they will be just so many
more Soviets.
DISTRIBUTED bs the Associated P.kssJ
Evening star., 1946-09-15
Farm Prices Climb

NEW YORK.-Like cautious little
boy tagging after his runaway brother,
farmland prices are up II per cent
since 1889 but still we'll behind urban
real estate in inflationary trends
The increase looks high on paper, but
agricultural and farm property analysts
contend the situation is healthy" COM
pared to the housing trend.
The upward movement in farm values
between March and July l this year
maintained the average rate of frac-
tionally more than / per cent per
month that has held since 1910, with
an increase for the country as whole
of between 4 and per cent, as COM
pared to Is to 20 per cent rise in
urban real estate, realty authorities
said.
Evening star., 1946-09-15
New PACHead Out to Prove
U.S.. Is Not Conservative
By WHliatn Glover

NEW YORk-Jack Kroll, who has
inherited Sidney Hillman's mantle as
boss of the CIO Political Action Com
mittee. is banking on the common man
to belle what smart politicians have
told me-that America is inherently
conservative"
And while he maps get out the vote"
plans to back up that belief, his cohorts
are banking on Kroll as new person.
ality on the national scene.
Until few weeks ago Kroll's name
rarely had been mentioned beyond labor
circles. Political observers have in
dulged in some free and fancy specula-
ton about future PAC influence under
the man plucked by Philip Murray from
working teamwork cog who began his
career at Is as tailor's apprentice in
Rochester, N. Y, for 25 cents a week
Consensus of his coworkers is that he
Is natural" for the job because: (A)
After a 1910 Chicago strike he was
closely associated with Hillman and is
imbued with his ideals; (B) his funds-
mental ideal is united effort, and CO he
knows how to get results.
Born in London.
nered but has resonant voice that
holds crowds. He intersperses his con-
versation with innocuouS invective. likes
to underscore a point with a parable,
can disagree without belittling. Chunky,
medium statured, he dresses like the
fellow next door with an occasional fare
for tie bought over his wife's protests
AS he talks through the daily round
of business, committee meetings and
visiting delegations he repeatedly lights
Wellworn pipe and is apt to tuck one
leg up under the other on his swivel
chair. His glasses are metal trimmed
like Hilllnan'S and on the wall across
dent of the Amalgamated Clothing
Workers Union.
Born in London, June 10, 1885, Kroll
was the seventh son in a family that
for generations had been tailors.
Il narrowly missed being born over
here because my father came to Amer
lea just after the Civil War, but later
returned to England" he reminisces.
When he was 6 months old the family
moved to this country and settled In
Rochester, N. Y.
Young Kroll finished the 10th grade
were out working" got himself appren-
ticed to tailor. He worked for awhile
in picture frame plant for $1.35 weekly,
then returned to the clothing business.
Faced Blacklist.
When a strike for a 48-hour week
failed, Kroll says he was blacklisted.
He headed west for the Chicago clothing
center and there happened the "signifl-
cant thing that shaped his later life.
The blacklist had preceded him to Chi
cago and the power of employers 1000
miles away to prevent a man from earn
ing living intrenched in him strong
belief in the labor movement.
The union movement was in ferment
in those years, Kroll recalls. and in 1910
came the showdown strike of the United
Garment Workers which terminated in
labor victory. Four years later an in
Surgent movement for more dynamic
union led to formation of the amalga-
mated Playing important roles in it
were Hillman, with whom Kroll worked
as a cutter; Jacob Potofsky, Hillman's
successor last July as president of the
union; Frank Rosenblum, today the Sec
retary- treasurer; Sam Levin, now head
of the CIO in Illinois, and Kroll
Evening star., 1946-09-15
Gromyko, Exponent of Veto,
To Head Security Council
BY Francis ". CARPENTER

LAKE SUCCESS, N. Y.-Andrei A.
Gromyko, blunt-speaking Russian diplo-
mat, will become president of the United
Nations Security Council next Tuesday
Gromyko will hold his new position
until October II in accordance with the
Councils rule of rotating the chair each
month. He takes the post with a deep
and firm conviction that the Security
Council was created for the definite pur-
pose of taking action. He also feels quite
as firmly that its prerogatives should be
guarded jealousy He is Russias watch
dog of the status quo on the Council,
veto right and all.
Present at All Meetings.
The young diplomat has sat in on
every important United Nations gather
ing since the formative days of Dunn
barton Oaks in 1914, where the founda-
tions of the United Nations were laid
Gromyko was born July 18, 1909, in
the small town of Gromyki, near the
city of Gomel, about halfway between
Moscow and Kiev. He left his fathers
farm early and studied in Gomel and
Minsk. Then he attended the Russian
Institute of Economics in Moscow and
received the masters degree there in
1896.
Gromyko rates three happenings as
peaks in his life. They are:
l. His appointment in 1943 as Russian
Ambassador to the United States, sue
ceeding Maxim Litvinov
2. His election in 1916 as a member
Of the Supreme Soviet of the U. S. S. r.
The Supreme Soviet is Russia's Supreme
Council or Parliament.
3. His designation as Russia's perma-
nent representative on the Security
Council, made by the Kremlin last
March.
Gromyko is responsible for four things
which may be regarded as peaks of
some sort in the life of the Security
Council. They are:
His walk from the Council chambers
last March In protest against the Coun-
ellis decision to hear Trans representa-
tive, Hussein Ala.
Opposed Franco in Spain.
His veto on June IS, 1916, of resolu-
ton backed by Council majority
which would have sent Poland's charge
that Generalissimo Francisco Franco is
a menace to world peace, to the General
Assembly for action. Gromyko, no
friend of Franco, wanted stronger
action.
His three vetoes invoked in the
Councils longest single session, June
26, again on the Spanish case. He re-
CARDS his action on that date as merely
an extension of his June 1S veto.
His blackball in quick succession, on
August 20 of the applications of Ireland,
Portugal and Trans-Jordan, for men,
bership in the U. N. Those three
countries were backed by a majority of
the Council but Gromyko said he could
not support them because his country
does not maintain diplomatic relations
with them.
While he is best known to the public
for his work on the Security Council
Gromyko has presented Russia's plan
for atomic control with vigor and de-
termination. He differs strongly with the
United States on the question of the
veto as applied to atomic control, in
sisting that the veto must be retained
in the Security Council and that atomic
control must be under the final author
ity of the Security Council.
Gromyko has pointed for some years
for his present task of dealing with
Americans and matching wits with
them in the Security Council. After
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1946-05-14
TOday's Anniversaries
fknow America)

1796-(150 years ago. William
Hickling Prescott, famed Boston
historian, among the country S
greatest, in spite of. being totally
blind at times, who lived a sim
pie, happy life, born in Salem,
Mass. Died Jan. %, 1859.
1817-Moses Pollock. Philadel-
phia rare-book dealer, first to
deal exclusively with Americana,
uncle to DR.. Rosenbach, the bib
liophile, born in Philadelphia
Died Aug. Is, 1908.
1833-James D. Cameron, Mid
dletown, Pa, banker, railway
head, secretary of war and son
of a secretary of war, and who
succeeded his father as u. S. SEN
ator, born in MiddletoWn. Died
Aug. 80, 1918.
1834-George Soule, pioneer
Southern business educator, who
opened Soule College in New Or
leans in single room in 1856.
born in Bennington, N. Y. Died
Jan. 26, 1926.
1852-Alton B. Parker, New
York lawyer-jurist, Democratic
candidate for President in 1904,
born in Cortland, N. Y. Died
May 10, 1926.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1946-05-14
FIRST ATOMIC POWER PLANT

The blueprint for the first plant to
produce power from atomic reaction has
been prepared, declares DR.. harrington
Daniels, director of the University of Chi
cago's Metallurgical Laboratory, who says
that the plan will be sent to Oak Ridge
Tennessee, where the first test power
plant is being constructed.
DR.. Daniels points out that the work
is experimental and that a power plant
using atomic reactors cannot at present
compete economically with coal as a
source of power
If future developments bring down
the cost, it is possible that there will be
competition with both coal and water
power, but the scientist points out that the
cost of fuel is only fifth of the total cost
OF electric power and that the reduction
in the cost of power, when atomic energy
becomes cheap. will not be very great.