davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-01-15
TODAY and TOMORROW
by WALTER LIPPMANN

Army-overseas and continental
and of about one-third if the re-
duction is applied to the overseas
Army alone. Such variation shows
that the estimate of what we need
overseas to carry out our commit
ments is at this moment at best
only an informed guess.
1t cannot become better than
that until we break down the fig
Ure and ask how it was arrived at.
Then we shall find that the real
issues which have to be deter
mined begin to define themselves.
The bulk of these overseas
troops are to be used for the &C.
cupation of Germany and Japan,
virtually all of the remainder to
garrison our outposts. Now the
size of our two Armies of Occu-
patton needs thinking about, and
I venture to say it has not been
thought about sufficiently. How
many troops we need depends up
on what kind of force we could
best use in the defeated countries,
and what mission we ask them to
carry out.
I believe that the estimate for
Germany is nsound-that both
the objective and the military in
strument to achieve that objective
are wrongly conceived and should
be re-examined.
The objective, which has been
set by the President and the
State Department, is to keep Ger
many demilitarized by occupying,
so far as we are concerned, a
large quarter of Germany. 1t is
hoped that this will result even
tually in reeducating the German
nation. Such an objective obvious
ly requires large army for a
long time.
There is another way to demili-
tarize permanently. That is to
separate from the sovereignty of
Germany, and to keep perma-
nently under the control of her
European neighbors, the war po-
tential of the Ruhr Valley-chief-
ly it's coal mines. This would I'm
doubtedly demilitarize Germany,
and it would not require a long
occupation of the whole of Ger
many by large Allied garrisons.
Once this political surgery had
been performed, the kind of force
needed to make Germany obedient
would no longer have to be large
garrison army. 1t could be a con-
stabulary backed up by very
small, highly-armed and swift
moving, striking force. The whole
Of it could be composed of profess
sionals-none of it would have to
be made up of amateurs tenn
porarily doing job they have no
taste, no aptitude and no training
to do. .
If we push the analysis far
enough we shall find that the
makers of our foreign policy have
been hesitating to make clear po-
litical decisions, and that the War
Department has given much too
little thought to the character of
the forces of occupation. AS a
result we are committed to an in
flated estimate of the number of
men.
1t calls for so many men be-
cause our political objective is not
simple but vague and complex,
and because there is no plan for
recruiting and giving special train
ing to smaller number who
would be more efficient for SIM
pie objective.
If the State Department would
make the objective simpler and
more definite, if the War Depart
ment would not let quantities of
troops be substitute for special
quality, we should stand much
better chance of achieving our
war aims without an unending
series of crises.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-01-15

on ~ lovely 10 look at, still lovelier
Why Vi, you. Pattern 9247 Sims you by
s snsue of vertical line, waist and
fflL ot0uer Shirrings. Sweetheart neck
Dd n Buttons optional.
as a 90 9247 comes in sizes "a,
G +e 3d. 40, q, "A, As. Size SO, frock,
eS yards 39-inch.
tbi S''io TWENTY cents in coins for
No lS pattern Ute to Wilmington Star
INV @s = l75 Pattern Dept, 232 West
nIai,, o., New York II, N. Y. Print
S S11tnly SIZE, NAME, ADDRESS,
" ~ We NUMBER.
tern rue D Marian Martin Spring Pat.
vollr. 0ook is now ready :. . It's
suulS Tor Fifteen Cents. Full Of
FREE s'yles for the family plu;
on L pattern for the new bag
boo1. 'elV printed right inside the
80"
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-01-15
FILE SUIT

LOS ANGELES, Jan. 12-(P -
Relatives of the late Mrs. E. De-
lora Krebs Cline filed suit in SUI
perior Court today against Alfred
Leonard Cline, to prevent his dis
posing Of any property he held in
Joint tenancy with her and alleg-
ing that he gave her Hypnotic
drugs and poison to deprive her
Of her mental faculties"
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-01-15
GOOD YEAR AS

DEDHAM, Mass.-(P)-The Ded-
ham Society for Apprehending
Horse Thieves reported at it's 135tb
annual meeting that not single
horse had been stolen in Dedham
during the past year, but that 800
active members had been added to
the club. Total paid membership
is now 2,216.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-01-15

Va, is serving as convention chair.
man. L. T. Hall of Windsor, Va,
heads the national organization
which is made up of farmers and
business men whose aim is com.
munity service.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-01-15
COURT TEACHES PARENTS

PORT HURON, Mich. WD-
Parents of delinquent children
mere are going to school. Nine fam
lies were represented when the
first of series of classes in home
making was held under the direc-
ton of juvenile court.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-01-15
COPS WATCH FEET

INDIANAPOLIS U.H - When a
burglar robbed Haag's drugstore,
he left clew almost as good as a
footprint. Besides taking $65 in
cash, he made off with several
pairs Oh size IS sox. indianapolis
police are hunting big-footed
buglar wearing new stockings.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-01-15

The pronunciation of the name
of the state of Arkansas is Ar-kau-
saw, but the Arkansas River in
pronounced Arkansas.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-01-15

The state general fund of Wyo-
ming is over $4,0OO,0O0, for the
highest in it's history.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-01-15

The tWo-millionth shipment by
air express in a single year is re-
ported by the Railway Express.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-01-15

The maximum age for entering
the U. S. Military Academy at
West Point now is "a instead of %
years
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-01-15
TWO-IN-ONE COCONUT

SHREVEPORT, La. U.I - Two
for the price of one.
Mrs. Gloria Vucinovich bought
coconut at the market, took it
home and cut it open. Inside was
another undeveloped coconut.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1946-01-15

Santa Fe, N. NJ, settled in 1903,
is the second oldest town in the
United States.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1946-10-18
British Bankers Seek
More Salary

LONDON (LPA) - British
bank managers, clerks, cashiers
and messengers are asking for
higher pay to bring salary scales
more in line with living costs.
A claim for a 71a9o cost of
living" addition TO all wages
and pensions is to be pressed by
the National Union of Bank En-
ployes in all British banking in
stitutions.
The trend towards trade un-
ionism among British white COL
lar workers has been clearly
shown among bank workers;
first, by their affiliation to the
Trades Union Congress; second,
by their recent change of name
from the Bank Officers Guild
to the National Union of Bank
Employees.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1946-10-18
Pafmon Says
FosciSm Grows

WASHINGTON, Oct. IS
GPA)-Fascism, operating un-
der the guise of fighting COM
munism, is creeping into United
States life, Representative
Wright Patman 3D., Texas)
stated last week in a radio
speech. Patman made special
mention of Frank Gannett,
newspaper publisher and foun-
der of the Committe for Con-
stitutional Government because
of the activities of this commit
tee and Gannett's influence in
Republican party circles.
Patman contended that such
Republican party leaders as
Carroll Reece and Representa-
tive Clarence Brown (R., Ohio
are STOPPING to the lowly tech
nique employed by Hitler, Goeb-
bells and Mussolini for so long
:" Patman also pointed out
the coincidence that these Re-
publican party leaders have
never uttered a word against
American fascism.
Gannett in 1886 called to-
gether a group of wealthy New
Workers and had proposed to
them that they establish an or
ganization to spread propaganda
on a mass scale following the
Hitlerian line" Patman asserted,
(which was consistently anti
labor, consistently against social
legislation, pro-nationalist and,
of course, pr o-big business" "
Gannett had ben named assistant
chairman of the Republican Ma
tional Committee in September
1912 and is now helping to
guide the thinking of a major
political party and of Thomas E.
Dewey, governor of New York, "
Patman charged.
Fascism, according to Patman,
is a greater menace to the United
States than communism because
its roots are so much more
firmly planted by great wealth
He called on Congress to use the
same diligence to combat it that
1t uses against communism.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1946-10-18
Ship Strike


WASHINGTON, October IS
(LPA)-More than 600 merchant
and passenger ships remained
tied up at their piers in east,
west and Gulf coast ports last
week because of the refusal of
Pacific ship operators to concede
any kind of union security what
soever to two striking maritime
unions.
Gaping their anti-labor posi-
ton Atlantic and Gulf ship op-
orators walked out on negotia-
tions being held here under gov
ernment sponsorship. Labor De-
Ipartment officials said they
could not be sure when they
would be able to get the two
groups together again.
Negotiations were stalemated
chiefly on the questions of writ
ing preferential hiring and
maintenance of membership
clauses into the new contracts.
Every effort by Labor Depart
ment conciliatorS to persuade
the operators toward a more
flexible position was rebuffed.
Union Given RunarOund
Officials of both the AFL
Masters, Mates & Pilots and the
CIO Matine Engineers Beneficial
Association asserted that the
Maritime Commission had given
their unions a runaround and
consequently prolonged the par
alyzing walkout which has been
Joined by CIO west coast long
shoremen.
Negotiations started with the
understanding that the Maritime
Commission would order the
west coast operators (50% of
whom are working government
owned ships) to put into effect
contract provisions agreed to by
the east coast and Gulf coast
operators. But the Maritime
Commission WEIGHED" on this
tacit agreement and negotiations
had to begin practically from
scratch.
Originally the MEBA had de-
manded a $50 wage hike and
the MMP a 800 increase with
an hour overtime pay. Before
negotiations broke off it was in
dicated that both sides might ac-
cept a compromise of approxi-
mately 1870 if it were accom-
panied by other contract i'm
provements.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1946-10-18
McGrofh's Resignation
Is Accepted

ATLANTIC CITY (LPA)-The
fifth biennial convention of the
CIO United Shoe Workers meet
here last week voted to accept
the resignation of its president,
Frank McGrath, who had charg-
ed that the union had fallen un-
der Communist domination. Nc
Grab was first elected president
in 1889 and a referendum last
March returned him to office for
his fourth two-year term. CIC
Secretary-treasurer James Carey
assailed Communist activities in
the trade union movement ano
was charged in turn by Vice
presidents Julius Crane and Isa-
.dore Rosenberg with not repre-
senting CIO policy.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1946-10-18
Murray Invites
BRIT To Join CIO
Whitney Promises Meeting
Will Weigh CIO Heads Words

MIAMI BEACH, Oct. Is = QPA - CIO President
Philip Murray addressing the 18th convention OF the Bro
therhood of Railroad Tranmen last week invited Ihe N
% lie d O0o members to Join with the CIO in advancing
- ornor ideals and PURPOSES of the two organizations
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1946-10-18
PAC Foes
New Fight

WASHINGTON, Oct. Is
NPA)-Two openly-avowed re-
actionary- -rightist political ac-
ton committees came to light
this week for the stated purpose
of counteracting the activities of
the CIO-PAC.
American Action, Inc, the
more powerful group, is headed
by Edward A. Hayes, former ma
tional commander Of the Amer
ican Legion, and a list of Spon-
sors which includes General
Robert A. Wood, head of Sears,
Roebuck & Co., and former head
of America First; Ernest T. Weir,
chairman of the board of Weir
ton Steel Co.; Colonel Robert r,
Mccormick, publisher of the re-
dictionary Chicago Tribune;
Lammot dupont, director of E
1. dupont doNemours & Co.; Up
ton Close, reactionary radio
commentator; Merwin K. Hart
a reputed Fascist, and w.
Homer Hartz, former president
of the Illinois Association of
Manufacturers.
The Life Insurance Policy
Holders Protective Association
the second of the two groups,
raised the cry that life ir 1r9
policies are in danger, and
started a campaign 10 ralse
$163, ,250 for the defeat of Demo-
cratic candidates for Congress.
Concentrate On Elections
American Action, WIN reports
varying as to the amount of
money at its disposal, was plan
ming to concentrate on electoral
contests which appeared to be
close in about 20 or 80 congress
sional districts in New York
Illinois, Missouri, Oklahoma
Wisconsin, Washington and Cal
ifornia. The organization was
also reputed to have the names
of II congressman on its purge
list.
Meanwhile, the Senate and
House campaign expenditures
committees have demanded full
information regarding the Amer
lean Action, Inc. They have
ben called to testify before the
House Committee on Campaign
Expenditures this week.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1946-10-18
Advice "Gouge
The Public"

CHARLOTTE, N. c., Oct. ID
(LPA) - Cotton textile manu-
facturers, never noted for their
tact in concealing greed, last
week were told the industry
should focus its attention on
margins rather than produc-
ton" The adviser was the ma
tional chairman of the Ameri-
can Cotton Manufacturers AS
sociation, speaking to a trade
gathering here.
Officials of the Textile Work
ers Union Of America, Go
whose southern headquarters
are here, assert that "a transla-
ton OF the Jacobs speech into
plain language spells advice to
get higher profits
Forget about making more
cloth for a nation suffering from
dire shortages of sheets, shirts
and staple cotton garments ol
all types, and countless other
necessities made of cotton, that's
what Jacobs is telling the in.
dustry," they say.
Union officials agree that DR.
Jacobs speaks for the bulk oi
textile manufacturers. They
point to figures from the Civil,
ian Production Administration
notoriously pro-industry-show
ing only 9ia billion yards o.
cotton textiles will be turned
out this year We need at leas
IA billion yards,
Or. Jacobs advice to EN-
ployers is simply TO concentrate
on increasing the amount y
profits that can be gouged on
Of consumers for each yard oi
pound of product which trickle!
10 the market" union spokes
men charge. THE manufacture
ers are told not to heed pleas
for more fabrics but 10 take
maximum advantage of the uni
versal shortages by piling ur
profits now that price controls
are weakening
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1946-10-18


eve can't stand STILL" de-
clared Murray. 81 shall well
come the opportunity to be
associated with your leadership
and your membership in the
great work that lies ahead pro-
vided you decree to associate
with US
Following Murray's address
BRIT President A. F Whitney
told the CIO leader that your
statement will be weighed by
this convention" After the
BRT's strike last May Whitney
was quoted as saying that al
filiation with either the Go or
AFL was "a definite POSSIBLE
Nv" because "some of our peo-
ME feel that the day is past
when unions can survive success
fully on an Independent basis"
discusses Similar Problems
Murray told the convention
that 1T is particularly fitting
that I discuss with the BRI
these problems because the BRl
is similar in structure to the
CIO, is oriented to the same
policies as the CIO, and has
grown through the same type OF
experiences as the CIO.
Like every CIO affiliate you
are an industrial union. You
have long since recognized that
iurisdictional craft refinements
are an employers paradise,
Murray continued Like the
CIO unions you have had eX-
perience with the problems OF
industry-wide bargaining.
Recognizes Political Action
Like the CIO unions, the
BRIT has long ago recognized
the value and importance of po-
litical action the CIO chief
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1946-10-18

pointed out. President Whit
ney has been a member of the
Executive Committee of the Ma.
tional Citizens Political Action
Committee ever since that body
was founded. Like the CIO you
have recognized the Importance
of legislation as part of your
trade union program. Indeed,
you have pioneered in the field
of legislation.
Your legislative program in
all respects comedies with the
Legislative program of the CIO.
Your legislative representatives
work harmoniously and init
Imately with the legislative rep
resentatives Of the CIO. Like
the CIO you have waged a pro-
gressive fight against the open
shop citadels in your industry.
You have your McNears and we
have our Weirs.
Like the CIO you have never
forgotten that a prime function
of a labor organization is TO or
ganize the unorganized. Like the
|CIO ou have had the experience
Iof suffering attack from so.called
labor leaders more interested in
noting a trade union program
for workers.
"Our organizations are in
Itimately linked in ideals and
structure and in policy" Muir
ray concluded. I'VE look to the
same future. Let us march to-
ward it together" "
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1946-10-18

hospital in the capital city of
the United States of America?
Why must l be nickeled and
dimed and dollared all the time
for this, that or some other well
fare? Why doesn't the govern
ment step in and do the job in
"a dignified, proper, efficient
manner?
Again for two reasons: the
big shots want their names on
the "do-good" charity causes;
and the big shots don't want the
government taxing them to pay
for decency for stricken Amer
ican citizens.
Dollars Support Monopoly
Yet, these are the people
support when 1 go shopping in
the private stores. These are the
people that the cooperative
movement is challenging. Both
the private system and the CO
ops depend on my dollars, the
dollars l spend for food, cloth
ing, housing, medical care, gas
oline, etc, But I'm being shrewd
when the coop card comes to
my house! l give my support,
my dollars, to the monopolies,
by buying at the private store.
l save two cents-and then give
one dollar to the charities.
Sure, l don't want to make
the kid with the TB the goat.
Sure he needs my help. But,
let's realize that money given
to charity to take care of that
kid is just like a pail held under
a leaking roof. It's the coop
that's trying to fix the roof.
So each of us ought to ask
himself; What am l doing to
help put down the power Oi
the mOnOpOlies that keep kids
from growing straight and
strong, that keep the old from
resting In security and dignity +?
What am l doing to build an
economic system that gives
health and security to every
man as his right, not as a char
ity based on the bowed and
humbled head and the extended
hand? What am j doing to
break mOnOpOlies and build CO.
operatives instead?
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1946-10-18
English Use
Workers

LONDON (LPA) - England's
civilian working force today is
larger than in mid-1939, before
the war began, the General Coun-
Gil of the British Trades Union
Congress report d last week.
Delegates to the annual Congress
scheduled to begin at Brighton on
Oct. 21 will have two weeks to
study the report.
The large scale turnover of
manpower in industry during the
first year of peace has been ac-
complished, the Council said,
without very serious disturbance
of industrial relations, and so far
without any very marked or sig.
nificant general wage move
mentS."
The report said in part: 'Dif-
ficulties of a transitional year,
and the advent of the Labour
Government, have made their in.
fluence felt upon the activities of
the Congress and its affiliated
organizations. Some of the most
formidable of the problems aris.
ing at the end of a world war
which engaged the entire man
power and industrial resources of
the country have been sur
mounted; but other no less for
midable problems are now max
ing their appearance.
DemObiIiZation Continues
"Demobilization went on dur
ing the IL months under review
with unexpected smoothness and
with more speed than appeared
practicable in the earlier stages.
Releases and discharges from the
armed forces have been in the
case of men actually in excess of
the program. About 3,500,000
workers have been transferred
from war industries, manufacture
ing equipment and supplies for
the Forces to work for civilian
needs and exports in the manu-.
featuring industries. The mum.
Der of workers employed now on
manufactures for the home mar
ket and export is larger than the
number so employed in mid-1939,
Just before the war began. d"
1.-THE Governments social legis-
lation is also being pressed for,
ward vigorously, and measures
for the establishment of a com
plete scheme of social security
have already been enacted. These
include the National Insurance
Industrial Injuries Bill for the
creation of a comprehensive Ma
tional Health System, providing a
complete m d ica | service for
every member of an insured per
son't family, is on It's way
through Parliament.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1946-10-18
Mead Housing
Probe Menaced

WASHINGTON, Oct. 10
| nPA)-The staff of the Senate
War Investigating Committee is
already at work collecting ma
terial for the committees study
of the critical housing shortage,
it was confirmed here last week.
While the committee majority
is generally sympathetic to the
efforts of the administration to
get quick action on a homebulld-
| ing program, the reactionary
bloc on the committee last week
repeated its convictions before
the committee had even begun
to hear evidence.
Senator Joseph Ball Or.
| Mimi demanded lifting of all
price and priority controls, and
repeal of the Veterans Emer-
gency Housing Act. The young
Republican leader even went
beyond the National Association
of Homebuilders on these two
counts. The NAHB last week
demanded that the government
set higher incentive" prices on
nails, and extension of housing
priorities to cover nafls. In ad-
dition, it demanded that the gov
ernment intervene to prevent
use of steel for toys and other
non-essentials, while lack of
steel held up production of both
nails and window frames.
Risks Vets Wrath
Risking the wrath of veterans
Ball advocated that veterans
only" restrictions on sale of
homes being built at present be
lifted Veterans can't afford to
pay for new homes, Ball as
serted. Instead, they should
move into old houses vacated by
luckier and weather. families
when these weather. people buy
the new homes.
! Meanwhile, Housing EXpediter
Wilson Wyatt was on the west
coast comforting with aircraft
plant owners on an Assembly
line basis in their factories
Two guaranteed-market con-
tracts for new-type homes have
already been prepared providing
for the production off29, 400
houses by the end of f947.