davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-09-09

men and Sena-
tors. The big fell
lows are Just as
d e t ernined as
ever to grab the
Western range
which belongs to
all of the people.
In the West the
issue is one of
the right of the
little fellow to
make a living
for himself and
his family. In
the East it is one
of the prices to
Evening star., 1946-09-09

him, could not be expected to an
tagonize the AFL, too. Apparently,
in New York the party leadership
on both sides is willing to sacrifice
self-respect for dubious political
profit. Each is willing to be bullied
by these labor professions, rather
than call a bluff which is becoming
more transparent all the time.
Evening star., 1946-09-09

This period of politics stems from
the White House-labor union alli.
ance engineered by the late Mr.
Roosevelt in 1884. which resulted II
almost complete labor-boss partner.
ship with the Democrats in thret
presidential campaigns. Since thai
year the Democrats have consist.
emily yielded to every labor-bos.
demand in order to continue the
solidarity of their support, while the
Republicans have vainly striven tt
crack 1t.
Won't Reject Terms.
The effect of all this has been tc
put the labor bosses in a dictatorial
position where, though this year
their inability to punish or reward
has been convincingly demonstrated
in the primaries. the politicians are
afraid to reject their terms.
Particularly is this true in New
York and with the Democrats, where
the American Labor party, COM
pletely controlled by a CIO-Com-
munist combination, has proven its
indispensability to Democratic sue
cess in the State.
Under the circumstances, 1t was
held inevitable that the Democrats
nominate ticket acceptable to the
ALP control. This they have done
most conspicuously in the case of
Senator James Mead, the candidate
for Governor, and in the case of
Mr.. Henry Epstein, member OF
the CLOS Political Action Commit
tee, for the Court of Appeals Sen
ator Mead a short time ago was
proclaimed by the CIO publicity
machine as one of the two perfect
Senators" in that on no occasion
has he failed to vote for or against
legislation as desired by the CIO.
That, plus his undertaking sup.
port of every New Deal policy, il
really what rendered him available
Four years ago when the CIO, with
Mr.. Roosevelt's aid, proposed hin
for the nomination he was opposed
by Mr.. James A. Farley on the
ground that he just did not have
the stuff to be Governor.
Farley Was Absent.
Mr. Farley is the kind of Democrat
who always supports the ticket but
he was conspicuously absent from
the convention that unanimously
nominated Senator Mead, who will
now be Endorsed by the ALP. The
Communists have already made it
clear that they are anxious to
coalesce so far as it can be done.
Thus, the Democratic ticket again
evidences cowardly alliance with
elements that ought to ALLEVIATE
every independent voter in the
state. However, the Republicans
are not free from the same taint OF
political cowardice. It is true that
Gov. Dewey, to his credit, is vio-
lently opposed by both the CIO and
the Communists. But, it is also true
that Maj. Gen. william j. Donovan
clearly the best aspirant for the
senatorial nomination, was turned
down by the Republican leadership
because of arrogant demands and
open threats from a few American
Federation of Labor leaders in the
State.
The attack, plus the outrageous
and baseless charges made against
Gen. Donovan. ought to have in
sured his nomination. Instead
they insured his defeat, which was
disgraceful to the party.
1t is no excuse that Mr.. Ives, NOM
mated for the Senate, is an able
well-qualified man. Nor is it much
of an excuse that Gov. Dewey, with
the CIO and Communists against
Evening star., 1946-09-09

1ted us SupServl-
ency to the pro-
fessional a b o r
bosses. It was q
craven perform
ance and the ex-
cuse that it was
necessary d o e S
not redeem 1t.
For the situation
where 1t appears
to be necessary
is due not to the
smartness of the
labor bosses but
to the extreme
eagerneSs of the
party politicians
for lahor sumner
Evening star., 1946-09-09

domain of the West a cradle for the
dust bowl prior to 1894. However,
that some of the stockmen appre-
ciate the value Of the Grazing Serv-
ice is attested by the fact that
Evening star., 1946-09-09
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE.

| by ldE dAShlN SEhNlCE.
@. Where was Daniel Boone born
OF what religious faith were his
parents?-E. e. N.
A. Daniel Boone was born about
II miles from Reading. Pa, Novem-
ber 2, 1884, the son of Squire anc
Sarah Morgan Boone. The family
were Quakers.
@. Please distinguished the terms
captains walk and widows walk
H. r. D.
A. New England uses both the
terms to refer to the small rallied
enclosure on the top of seacoast
homes. On these enclosed balconies
the wives of men missing at sea
used to walk while watching for a
message from a missing ship.
@. Who founded the College of
Physical Education for Women,
known as Sargent College?-L. S. H.
A. Sargent College was founded
by the late Dudley A. Sargent in
1881. He was a pioneer in physical
education.
@. When will the correspondence
of Abraham Lincoln, left to the
Library of Congress by his son,
be on display?-W. T. H.
A. The papers will be displayed on
July 26, 1947, 81 years after the
death of Robert Todd Lincoln.
@. How did Mount Rushmore get
its name?-N. F. M.
A. In the late 1870s Charles E
Rushmore, an attorney from New
York, came to South Dakota. He
asked the name of a mountain and
was told, jokingly, that it was Mount
Rushmore. The name stuck.
@. Why does the chrysanthemum
always bloom late in the fall?-
B. M. w.
A The blooming habit of the
chrysanthemum is controlled by the
length Of the day BY shorting the
day artif1cally chrysanthemums can
be forced to bloom weeks earlier
than if left in the natural sunshine
@. What is the largest whale ever
caught?-F. T. o.
A. The largest whale on record
was a blue whale taken in the
Antarctic, which measured 106 feet
in length and weighed more than 100
tons 1t was caught during the
summer OF 1872.
G. How many United States ships
were lost as result of Japanese
submarine activity?-R. M. j.
A. From q list submitted by the
Navy it would seem that only four
ships were lost as a result of sub
marine action exclusively. One
ship is listed as probably lost as
the result Of submarine action. The
Yorktown is described as lost be-
cause OF combined action including
submarine.
@. Who is the author Of the poem
on the Statue Of Liberty?-B. T. B.
A. The poem, THE New Colossus, -
by Emma Lazarus. was written in
December, 1883, for the Portfolio Of
the Art Loan Collection in order
to aid the pedestal fund. 1t was
placed on tablet in the pedestal of
the Statue of Liberty by friends of
Miss Lazarus in 1908.
@. How can weeds in a pond be
killed without killing the fish?-
M. J.
A. The Fish and Wildlife Service
says that it knows of no weed
killer which can be used in ponds
without danger to other life, such
as fish.
@. What States trained the most
Navy flyers during the war?-J. D
A. Florida, Texas and Californis
trained the most flyers during Worle
War II and are training the great.
est number at the present time.
Evening star., 1946-09-09
FMcLemore-
Here as Lobbyist
For 81 Joe, Truman
By Henry McLemore

I went to Washington to register
as a lobbyist.
AS I understand the rules, must
report to the Clerk of the House
Evening star., 1946-09-09
Harold L. Ickes
MAN to Man
Cattle Barons Use Congress Members
10 Usurp Grazing Rights on Range

The stories OF cattle rustlers the great Western plains
nangngs without trial. OF between and
seepmen and OF the barona cattle anches cowboys
blazing away at the small holdings public
have been among the American epcs
The battle over the and the water holes still
Evening star., 1946-09-09
Answers to
Questions

A reader can get the answer to aLy
question of fact by writing The Evening
Star Information Bureau, 316 I street
NE. Washington ., D c. Please in
close 3 cents for return postage.
Evening star., 1946-09-09
tGameOtPOlitiCS
Both Parties in New York Seen Accepting
Labor's Terms for Dubious Support
Frank r. Kent

For reasons too well known to need repetition in the
preceding presidential election the political situation New
York is nationally interesting and important The struck
and the things done the respective party gatherings there
make impression the rest of the country There doubt
about that.
Evening star., 1946-09-09

Clie DeIHOCTaIlC NOT tne HepuDNCan
convention has been any too good.
The most unpleasant feature of both
was the degree to which each exhib-
Evening star., 1946-09-09

once the cattle barons lined up the
local sheriffs to do their bidding,
they now enlist the aid of Congress
Evening star., 1946-09-09

@. What States trained the most
Navy flyers during the war?-J. D.
A. Florida, Texas and California
trained the most flyers during World
War II and are training the great
est number at the present time.
Evening star., 1946-09-09

@. How did Mount Rushmore get
its name?-N. F. M.
A. In the late 1870s Charles E
Rushmore, an attorney from New
York, came to South Dakota. He
asked the name OF a mountain and
was told, jokingly, that it was Mount
Rushmore. The name stuck.
Evening star., 1946-09-09

tcopyrisht. 1e46.)
Evening star., 1946-09-09

A. The papers will be displayed on
July 26, 1947, 81 years after the
death of Robert Todd Lincoln.
Evening star., 1946-09-22
The Sanctuary MauS0le1l1n

i has beenb built
of
ndred
when required Strength and
keynotes Beauty and
evident n line.
Within everywhere Light through 1000
OF "Peace Faith"
truth"
facilities a
Temporary Storaee Accommodations Flower Room Rest Rooms Dress
Room
and finest The Sanctuary invited Ac
ce>sib located Sc,
half miles from the United States Capitol Building.
Wrte for Lte,o'"re:. Suhond Rd Woshi"sfon M d.
Or Phone Lincoln
Evening star., 1946-09-22
Poee Il

This eosuol button front froek
for Juniors is os brisk ond refresh
ing os outumn. The storchy white
Peter Pom color hos q crisp. fresh
look. ond there's o lounty bow tic.
1t con be mode up very effectively
in bright. checked toffeto. with
white oecents. The style IS
modelled here by Diono Lynn. q
Poromount Pictures stor. Pottern
Of the Week. No. 30l9. is dc
signed for sizes ~. II. l3. IA. Is
ond l8. Size II requires 3's.
yords Of IS or 39-ineh tobrie;
collar, u yord white motcr'ol;
bow. - yord ribbon Of your choice
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-30
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

4 bO"poVN
lions might bring smile to the lips Of
United States Army Air Force men, if
any one could be amused about the kill
ing of innocent Americans. For Marshal
Tito may be assured that the American
armies, which successfully climbed upon
"Festung Europa" defended by the for
midable German armies and Luftwaffe,
did not do so without Photographic
aerial reconnaissance, and did not I'M
dertake that task with numbering CATS
ordinary Army transports - even by
carrying some E. Phillips Oppenheim
Turk as passenger.
Against and despite the Luftwaffe the
United States Air Forces were able to
photograph the whole continent Of Eu-
rope, in hundreds of thousands of films,
but not in the horse and-buggy manner
apparently imagined by Tito. The
United States does not operate thus,
nor thus risk the lives of its men. Its
wartime aerial Photographic reconnais-
ing stripped-down fighter planes at
speeds of $50 miles per hour and at alti-
tudes Of $4,000 to 10000 feet, without
even a cameraman-the cameras were
automatic and independent even of the
pilot.
We reconnaissanced North Africa and
the Normandy beachheads over and
over again in preparation for D day.
Flyers used to call the trips the milk
run" Only the German master-f1ghter,
the stripped Messerschmidt 1916, was
even technically capable of intercepting
our reconnaissance, and seldom sue
ceeded.
n
So If we have been reconnaissancing
sovereign Yugoslav territory, it is safe
bet that Marshal Tito knows no more
about it than the Germans did. If he
thinks Army transports carrying pas
sengers are so engaged, he, marshal,
should catch up with the war. His &C
cusations are, technically, nonsensical.
Also the Moscow and Belgrade press
need some liaison work Tito's claque
has Indignantly attacked the American
press for referring to the State Depart
ment,s note as an "ultimatum." Pre-
sumably it does him no good with the
home folks to get an ultimatum from
that country which has been, and prob
ably still is, the most popular Of the
great Allies with the Yugoslav people.
Ergo, an ultimatum is denied.
But Pravda attacks the note on the
ground that it was "unprecedentedly
sharp I" demanding in ultimatum
form the release within 48 hours Of the
informed passengers"
For once Pravda agrees with the New
York Times-and even with the Daily
News.
released by the Bell Syndicate. Inc1
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-30

II, as is reported, President Truman
hopes to be not another Roosevelt, but
a new Coolidge, he will have to do more
than talk and act like a crossroad
philosopher He will have to grasp
firmly that when the Government econ
omizes and pays its debt, public conf
dence grows, production increases, and
a strong tide sets in against imitation.
It is true that the Coolidge Of 1927
and 1928 neglected many danger signals
and failed to build projections against
the crash of 1929. But the Coolidge OF
1928 to 1927 was an economic states
man.
Instead Of courageously throwing
Government finances into q course
which promises resistance to imitation,
Mr.. Truman for nearly year has tenn
ported. From time to time he has
dulled the confidence his budget state
ments might have inspired by recon-
mending or limiting at new expendi-
lures. AS late as the first of August.
we heard of new billions of spending
to cut into the big tax return which
now seems assured.
II X
We are in a period of national eco
nomic activity the size Of which this
country has never before experienced.
Americans hate to think of this as .
boom. For a boom, historically con-
sidered, is too intimately related to
subsequent bust. But If this isn't
boom, it is something greater than
what used to be called boom.
Our employment Is several million
greater than in 1929 when 1t ran close
to 40 million. Without cutting the
armed forces, we have passed the ST.
million mark The national income falls
short of the Wallace dream, but 1t is
very high. 1t is at about $3.50 billion
almost double that Of 1929. Taxes will
yield $40 billion dollars, which is nearly
equal to the whole national income In
the low years of 1882. Taxes will equal
half the dollar amount Of the whole
national income in 1929.
Sales in retailing are breaking all
records. Department store sales indi-
cate . prospective 25-per cent increase
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-30

Last Saturday Marshal Tito let q cat
out of the bag in his attempt to prove
that the United States, not the Yugo-
slav government, is in the wrong regard
ing the airplane incident, and that, in
fact, Yugoslavia was repelling aggression
against her sovereignty. He accused the
Americans in the Venezia Giulia area
of accommodating over "his" zone and
said, "These flights over our territory
-" aim at accommodating those regions
in which our military units occupying
Zone B and the rest of the frontier are
torted abroad - In fact she (Yugo-
slavia) is doing nothing more than pro-
tecting her sovereignty
Now, wait moment! What "sover-
eighty" and where?
Yugoslavia is not sovereign" in Zone
B. She is there as an occupying power,
pending disposal Of this territory by the
peace conference. The final decision on
whether Zone B or any part OF 1t shall
be awarded to Yugolavia will be taken,
after recommendations have been made
by the peace conference, by the Big
-Four, among whom Yugoslav1a Is not
numbered.
None of the Big Four lays claim to
all or part of this territory which before
the last war belonged to Austro-Hun-
gary. and since has been Italian terri
tory. It is, however, well known that
Yugoslavia claims the whole area and
is even opposed to such internatlonallz-
ing of part of it as majority OF the
Big Four have recommended. On this
matter Marshal Tito has been SO un-
eouivocal and belligerent as to raise en-
tirely justifiable suspicious that he may
be contemplating using force II his
wishes are not fulfilled.
Until the issue is settled the territory
remains under the guardianship OF the
great powers, for no one OF whom Mar
shall Tito is an agent, according to his
own claims. If, therefore, Britain and
the United States reconnoiter that area
to make sure that no dirty work is
going on and no moves Of force being
prepared, they are not only within their
rights but are, indeed, assuming the re-
sponsibilities which are their duty.
Zone B Is no more Marshal I1tos
than any one else's at this stage OF
negotiations, and he does his case Ill,
apparently revealing his real viewpoint,
when he denies the right Of two great
powers to reconnoiter the area on the
ground that Yugoslavia's sovereignty"
is thereby intringed.
It is no military secret that American
reconnaissance photography is the best
in the world and played q role OF in
calculable importance in winning the
war With this in mind Tito's accusa-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-30

The central committee Of control In
Berlin-the one intended by the Yalts
decision to control the national govern
ment of the Reich-became a nominal
organization dealing with minor matters,
particularly attempting to clear up mis-
understandings and frictions among the
four Allies.
After Is months of hit or miss admin
istration, Washington and London have
come to realize that nothing construc-
tive will be accomplished if the present
situation is permitted to continue. Plans
are now being studied to bring together
at least those two zones which contain
the bulk of the German industrial po-
tential. 1t is possible that the French
may cooperate. although Paris intends
to annex the Rhineland and the Saar
in some form or another.
Russia for the time being has re-
manned aloof. She, too realizes the i'm
portance of uniting Germany under one
central government, since otherwise it
will be impossible to negotiate a peace
with that country. But Russia has
shown every indication that she desires
united Reich with a government as
subservient to Moscow as is that of
Poland or Yugoslavia.
4 X i
The American and British govern
ments are seriously considering the hold
ing Of free and unfettered general
election in Germany west of the Elbe
to enable the German people to elect
a parliament which will not have a re-
gional character, and to select from the
best men who have played no political
role in Hitler's Reich the leaders who
will assume full responsibility for ruling
them.
According to the reports from the
American and British authorities in the
occupied zones, there is a sufficient
reservoir of enlightened Germans from
which to draw parliament, a cabinet
and president. Although such gov
eminent will represent only Western
Germany, there is some hope that it will
eventually draw in its orbit the Ger
mans in the east who at present can
see no difference between their masters
in the west and in the east
The fact that free elections are per-
mitted west of the Elbe and a regular
German government established there
would create strong movement, at least
in Thuringia and Saxony, to join an
established government of the Reich and
will remove the danger Of Germanys
becoming the most imposing and power
full satellite of the U. S. S. r. in Europe
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-30
U. N. Membership Issue

The heated arguments before the
Security Council over the admission
of candidates for membership in the
United Nations reveal another deep
going issue. implicit since the adop-
ton of the Charter but hitherto kept
in the background by the pressure
of other controversial matters.
There can be no reasonable doubt
that the trainers of the Charter
intended that the United Nations
should have universally as its goal.
Qualifications for membership were
made wider and more elastic than
those for the former League of Ma
tons, the Charter specifying only
that applicants must be Estates"
which are peace loving" and which
accept the obligations contained in
the present Charter and, in the
judgment of the organization, are
able and willing to carry out these
obligations"
Until now, only one state has been
specifically named by the organiza-
ton as ineligible for membership,
and that only temporarily. This is
Spain, so long as it shall continue to
be governed by the Franco regime.
The latitude in admissions is evil
denced by the acceptance of the
Ukraine and Byelorussia. even
though their sovereignty" was
never more than technical and has,
by their subsequent conduct, been
proved to be entirely fictitious in
character.
1t is most unfortunate that appli-
cations to U. N. have been compli-
Gated by political and diplomatic
factors. The American Government
tried unsuccessfully to avoid these
complications by advocating blan-
ket admission of all the eight appli-
cants up for consideration afghan
istan, Albania, Iceland, Ireland,
Mongolia, Portugal, Sweden and
Trans Jordan, even though it had
expressed grave doubts as to the
eligibility of Albania and Mongolia,
both of which are pretty obviously
creations and satellites of the Soviet
Union. But Russia, refusing to &C
cept Ireland, Portugal and Trans
Jordan on the thin ground that no
formal relations. existed between
them and Moscow, objected to our
proposal and thus set in motion the
blackballing and vetoing process
that has barred from membership
at this time all but Afghanistan,
Iceland and Sweden.
Considering what the Charter has
to say about membership qualiflca-
lions, the absence of diplomatic re-
lations does not justify Russia's use
of the veto in this instance. The
action has the earmarks Of being
little more than obstruction for OBJ
struction's sake-a fact tending only
to exacerbate the differences and
hard feelings already existing be-
tween the western powers and the
Soviet Union on other matters.