davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08
BYRNES DROPS PALESTINE
 BUSINESS

Here is what's happening behind the scenes in Paris regarding the British-American tug-of-war over Palestines One week ago Sunday Jimmie Byrnes, after dining with Prime Minister Attlee, got Truman on the transatlantic telephone and urged him to accept the British proposal for partitioning Palestine into Jewish and Arab zones. Tru- man, however, decided he couldn't accept and later informed his Sec retary of State that the British Foreign Office had a much better offer on Palestine that it was hold
 ing in reserve and he intended to wait until the British put all their cards on the table.
 Last Wednesday Byrnes had an- other talk with Attlee when he apologized for the U. s. failure to accept and the next day Jimmie telephoned Truman that he was washing his hands of the whole  Palestine business. He indicated he had enough to do at the peace ! conference and would leave Pales- tine entirely up to the White House. Meanwhile Truman is con- sidering putting his close friend, Ed Pauley, in charge of Palestine ne- ! gCtiatiOnS. Pauley has already handed in a blistering report on the urgent need of action in Pales- tine with the result that the Presi- dent has considered the idea of dropping amiable Henry Grady as his top Palestine adviser. However
 Loy Henderson and other State
 Department officials are much op-
 posed to firing Grady and there is
 considerable State Department dis agreement about the whole thing
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08
Clemency or Justice?
Washington PoSt)

After review by special War Department elem ency board the sentences of almost 10000 soldiers convicted ofenses have been reduced former Supreme Court Justice Roberts has reported. It is record that speaks well for the board and even for the department itself, indicating that the quality of mercy is not, indeed strained. The record does not however Justice Roberts to the contrary speak very well for the military court-martial itself.
 Making his report the Justice said that Con- gressonal criticism of the courtmartial system should be based on sentences finally fixed not on those intiallv given and added "Clemency is and always has been the capstone of the whole system Of military justice" Wouldn't it be better, however, to have a system not so heavily dependent on clemency one ln which board in reviewing sentences would not find as this board has, that 85 per cent of the cases war ranted a reduction in penalty?
 Reduction of sentences after calm review car correct some major injusces; it cannot substitute for initial justice No review board, acting after the war can bring back to life those soldiers who were given the death penalty during it-and there were too many such according to Senate committee.
 The courts-martal still demand thorough reform
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08
CHANGES MADE IN
 COMMITTEES ON
 AFFAIRS IN ALASKA

The bill to reorganize Congress which passed the House of Repre- sentatives recently after prior ap- proval by the Senate makes funda- mental changes in the conduct of congressional business. Several com mittees which have been of great importance to Alaska will no longer exist with the converting of the 90th Congress.
 The 48 committees of the House have been telescoped into 19. The Committees on Flood Control, Pub lie Buildings and Grounds, Rivers and Harbors and Roads have been abolished and henceforth there will be one Committee on Public Works.
 The Merchant Marine and Fish cries Committee, which has contin- uing interest in Alaska problems, is not changed.
 The Committees on Military Af- fairs and Naval Affairs are merged into one Committee of the Armed Services. The Committees on Ter ritcries, Mines and Mining, Indian Affairs and Public Lands-all hay ing to do with Alaska matters together with the Committees on Irrigation and Reclamation and Insular Affairs, will make up one Committee on Public Lands.
 Committee assignment for the Delegate from Alaska, as well as the Delegate from Hawaii and the Resident Commissioner from Puerto Rico, are specifically set forth in a separate section of the bill. It is provided they shall serve as mem bers of the Committees on Agri- culture, the Armed Services and Public Lands.
 The bill contains a provision for Federal tort claims act which will make it possible to handle many private bills without refer ence to Congress.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08

favor of reservations The Alaska Native Brotherhood and Sisterhood in convention two years ago went on record opposing reservations.
 This problem is separate and apart from the dispute over the Karuk reservation which has now been taken to court. The Karluk reservations was established by MT. Ickes under the Wheeler-Howard Act in which Congress gave such wide powers to the Interior Department that the Secretary could establish such reservations will It is doubtful that the new Secretary will choose to establish such an arbitrary policy But this act should be amended by Congress to prevent such thing.
 This land question is one of the very serious barriers impeding the development of Alaska and the sooner it is remedied the better.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08
Taxes and Spending
(New York Sum


 Taken by itself the pledge made by Representative Harold Knutson of Minnesota, that income taxes would be cut 25 per cent in 1947 if the people this fall elected a Republican Senate and House of Rep resentatives sounds demagogic. But Knutsons prom se was conditional He said that taxes could be thus reduced if the Federal budget sashed 50 per cent and his assumption that only Republican Con gress would do the slashing Under the conditions fixed-a 50 per cent reduction in Federal spending the Democrats could promise tax reduction just as readily.
 It has been held in Washington that the way to win popularity with the voters is to be for all appro- pratons and against all taxes That has always been oversimplfied Voters taxpayers too and tax pavers in greater number than If a sharp re- duction in Federal spending reduce the amount o1 money that Uncle Sam takes out of the pay envelope then those who get pay envelopes are likely to favor the reduction in Federal spending If comes down to a question of who can spend the money that John Brown earns to best advanage-Brown or Uncle Sam Brown sometimes thinks that he knows the answer It is unlikely that Federal appropriations can soon be brought down to the prewar level. The size of the public debt makes the payment of interest a burden far greater than it was before the war. But there are nevertheless innumerable opportunities to cut Federal spending and the political party that seems most likely to pursue those opportunities relentessly is going to get lot of votes in November
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08
Daily Lessons in English v v. L. GORDON

MSUSED Do not Be careful you will fall will fall" the better 
 MISPRONOUNCED Doorous Pronounce doer-us, as in DOLL, syllable.
 OFTEN MISSPELLED: Complexion; not COMPLICATION
 SYNONYMS: Latent, lurking, dormant potential invisible, con- qliescent, inactive.
 WORD STUDY Use word three times and is yous Let us vocabulary sylable finite fathom these mysteries
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08
BYRNES RECEPTION IMPRESSIVE

In order to get better acquainted with the conference delegates gra- cious Secretary of State Byrnes staged a reception last week at the American Embassy In contrast with the pomp and splendor of uniforms and gold braid at the French official reception, Byrnes' affair was impressive for it's digni fled simplicity. He remembered Benjamin Franklin, our first Am- bassador to France, who wore home-spun amid the lace and fol- derol of the French court.
 Jimmie Byrnes stood in the re- ceiving line, shaking hands with the delegates. Close adviser Ben Cohen, who sees Byrnes every day, came down the line.
 I'm not going to waste a hand shake on you, Ben said the Sec retary of State, with a kidding grin, then shaking hands just the came
 Afterward, Byrnes told friend; this story to illustrate the import ance of shaking hands:
 When I was sworn in as Justice of the Supreme Court" he said "all my friends on the Court shook hands and congratulated me. w were standing just behind the cur tains separating us from the court room and just as we were about tt go on the bench Stanley Reed tool me aside and told me that, jus before we sat down on the bench I should shake hands with eyeryont again.
 T told Stanley that I had jus shaken hands with everyone and saw no reason for shaking hand twice but he insisted that I do and later I found out the reasol why. About fifty years before ther had been a particularly bitter dis pute between members of the court following which the Chief Justic had insisted that they all shak hands just before they went ol the bench to show there was n hard feelings.
 Tt was a wise custom" conclud ed Byrnes, and it's continued t this day"
 What will happen asked friend, when Justice Jackson re
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08
BALKANIZED AMERICANS
 ARE WRONG

If this columnist knows the USA, enc of the greatest mistakes we are making is tendency toward
 Balkanization - in other words, Italo-Americans are behaving as if they were Italians, Jewish-Ameri- cans as if they were Palestinians, olish-Americans as if they were Poles-rather than as if they were Americans. They seem to forget that they took no oath to uphold Italy, Palestine or Poland and that
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08
DECIDING THE DIPLOMATIC
 POUCH

Brazilian Foreign Minister Fon- toura got together with Secretary of State Byrnes during a back stage lull at the conference and agreed to hold the long-postponed Rio de Janeiro conference Novem- Der Is. Admission of Argentina into the Pan-American security pact will be the big question discussed. (coPYRIGHT, BELL SYNDICATE, INC. 1946)
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08
LOOK and LEARN SGy c. GORDON

What the and a is mo of a
  the United 4 Which neck yertebrae, giraffe? S a person S myopic nearsghted o farsghted? ANSWERS: 1  Supreme 4 The has three as the giraffe.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08

turns to the court and is called upon to shake hands with Hugo Black?"
 "Oh, I think they'll behave like gentlemen" replied the Secretary of State.
 Note - The only Justice who didn't follow this handshaking tra- dition was McReynolds, who sat in a corner and didn't shake hands unless the others came to him.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08
TIDE TABLE
AUGUST g

Lange of the University of Chicago renounced his citizenship to become the Polish Ambassador in Washing ton. To most new Americans the tinplate glitter of a foreign am bassadorship would weigh less than the pure gold of American citizen ship.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08
MODERN ETIQUETTE RoRrRrA Ry LEE

o. a public dining her escort which should following table? A. The should always precede her
 kind of invitation extended telephone? A. the telephone by personal note.
 c. What is the correct cheese?
 A. Cheese usually with sometimes fingers a a spoon
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08
The Washington Merry-Go-Round
(Continued from Page Onej

Russia wants it, not as the best interests of peace require it, and that this conference had better have the word peace" struck out and the word war" inserted just ahead of conference"
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08
20 YEARS AGO fHE TIT EMPIRE
AUGUST 8, 1926

Walter Petersburg Admiral
 the marriage of Carol Kahn and MT Isadore Gcden prominent of Juneau took place north reside in Cioldstein South Franklin Street
 the Charlotte Skagway bound
 Sparks the Clarence Geddes home Sc department called and the blaze quick
 clash today in the championship series No team from No by threw his out the second inning replaced.
 W1eath report: High low, 48; clear
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08

Walter Butts left for Petersburg the Admiral Evans
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08

Weather report: High 5O low, AS; clear
The Daily Alaska empire., 1946-08-08

Ten tour parties the Princess Charlotte skagw
Evening star., 1946-10-14
IY he A..eelcied Prs.s

Here Is the background before
which President Truman broadcasts
to the Nation tonight on the meat
shortage.
on June 20 the President vetoed
the original. OPA extension bill, say
ing it would lead to '1egalized in
fiation." and two days later all price
controls lapsed.
Packing houses were hard pressed
to keep up with the run or 1--we
stock to slaughter pens. Prices for
cattle and hogs shattered records.
There was more meat than In .
long time.
Modified price control came back
on July 23 when Mr.. Truman
signed the second extension bill. 1t
provided that meat should remain
ceiling free until . new independ-
ent agency, the Price Decontrol
Board, ruled on the issue.
The board decided August 20 that
meat controls should be restored.
1t found that prices had risen "uI1-
reasonably" and that supply will
continue to be short In relation to
demand at reasonable prices"
Accordingly, the Agriculture De-
partment and the OPA imposed new
ceilings early in September. They
averaged about three cents pound
higher than those OF June 80.
Almost Immediately the fiow Of
meat to market dwindled to \
trickle.
BY mid-September housewives
anguished cries were being heard
in washington-and 80 were those
of the politicians.
Evening star., 1946-10-14
Conference
Continued From First Page.)

consistency and his frankness." He
asserted that Russia had avoided
putting pressure" on Finland for
two years but that the Western
Allies had not done likewise.
1--WE draw the attention OF Fin
land to the difference between q
true and a scheming friendship" he
said.
Mr.. Molotov spoke violently
against criticisms of the veto power
of the five leading Allied nations
in the United Nations Security
Council, saying:
"The right of veto is not involved,
but question of whether they de-
sire unanimity and cooperation
among the great countries"
Australia, Cuba and the president
of the General Assembly of the U.
NJ, Paul-Henry Spaak of Belgium,
has voiced recent criticism OF the
veto.
Mr.. Molotov implied that Mr..
Spaak was under foreign influence.
Charges U. s. Led Voting.
His speech contrasted with an adj
dress earlier by Mr.. Bevin, who said
the Peace Conference, given the job
of going over the drafts submitted
by the Foreign Ministers Council,
"has accomplished this task and ac-
eomplished it well"
"We look forward to the final
drafting in New York" he said.
Mr.. Molotov, in accusing the
United States of dominating" a
group of lesser powers to achieve
its own ends" said:
In all votes in the conference, II
was enough for the American dele
Evening star., 1946-10-14
Two Held in Robbery
Near Scene oi Florida
Double Staying Case /
By me- Asseeioisa pysss

CLINTON, s. O.. oct. 1.-TWO
men were under arrest here today
in connection With the robbery Of q
couple ct Fort Lauderdale, Fla, FRI
day night near Dania Beach, where
q young man and woman were found
shot to death last week.
state Highway Patrolman ]. =.
Pace identified tfle men as John w
|NfcAuley, II. Of Minneapolis, and Leo
Anthony silk, 10, Of Kankakee, III
Under questioning, Patrolman
Pace said, the pair told him OF hold
ling up the couple with q toy pistol
and an ice pick, taking their car and
|$7 and leaving them bound.
At Fort Lauderdale, Sheriff Walter
In. Clark said the couple, Mr. and
Mrs. John o. Hutchinson Of Pom
|pano, Fla, were forced at pistol
point to drive to . lonely spot and
there were threatened with death.
The sheriff said Mr.. Hutchinson
was forced to disrobe and that the
couple was tied with bedsheet and
left bound and gagged. Mr.. Hutch
inson worked loose and freed his
wife.
Sheriff Clark said he wanted to
ind the pistol and knife that the
pair used to threaten the Hutchin-
sons. McCauley and silk insisted
lit was only toy pistol purchased
at q drugstore and an ice pick
instead Of knife.
Two Florida deputies are en- route
to Clinton by plane to get McCauley
and Silk. Patrolman Pace quoted
the two men, who he said told him
they were in the Navy, as agreeing
to waive extradition.
aSilk' was In uniform and Nc
Evening star., 1946-10-14
Food Council Meets
While Market Group
Charges Il With Plot
sy the Assoe;a.sd Press

The international Emergency Food
Council assembled today amid
scharges that attempts were being
made to regiment American agricul-
sture "on worldwide scale"
The contention was voiced by the
National Association Of Commodity
Exchanges In letter to Chairman
Flanagan OF the House Agriculture
sCommittee.
I The letter named the emergency
council as one Of the international
organizations it said was involved
.in the plan and asked the House
.group to investigate.
! Secretary-G General D. A. Fitzgerald
told q, reporter the council "is not
concerned one way or the other with
scommodity exchanges"
The council was set up during the
famine crisis Of last summer to re-
splace the wartime Combined Food
Board composed of American, Brit
sish and Canadian representatives.
Today's meeting was called to
consider food ALLEGATION problems in
THE light OF the increasing number
sof independently negotiated trade
agreements.
The commodity exchanges group
wrote to Mr.. Flanagan that the
sUnited Nations Food and Agricul-
Itural Organization was the agency
principally involved in what it
called "this grave threat" Of the
ss"collectivization of agriculture on
sthe Soviet model"
The letter said the FAC, in =
.move "perilous to our national in
sterests," was planning a program
aunder which an international body
could use large sums to buy farm
ssurpluses and distribute them
7 wherever FAC decides they are
needed.
Evening star., 1946-10-14
|0PA Cracks Down on Sales
Violating Iron, Steel Lids
BY me A.soeiotsd Press


A breakdown on over-ceiling sales
Of iron and steel was announced tor
day by the loPA with a promise that
s"aH reseIlers and buyers in violation
will be vigorously prosecuted"
/ An OPA official here said most OF
the over ceiling sales had been In
metropolitan centers and investiga-
tions are underway In Detroit,
. Cleveland and Chicago.
I'm the Detroit area alone" the
FOPA announced, suits totaling
more than 100000 have been filed
against resellers who allegedly
added finders fees to their selling
prices or otherwise required buyers
to pay over-ceiling prices"
The alleged violations are the
outgrowth Of acute shortages of
iron and steel products in many
urban areas, the agency said. adding
that most of them involve sales Of
surplus or excess stock.
Evening star., 1946-10-14
|Bockdrop Of Meat Situotion
Before Which Truman Speaks

Republicans blamed the admin
istration, Democrats blamed the
COP. And many with an eye on
the November elections put Mr..
Truman on the spot with demands
for outright removal Of meat con-
trolls or 4 60-day suspension. Some
urged q special session Of Congress.
with the clamor mounting, Mr..
Truman spoke out September 26.
He made it clear he was firmly OPP
posed then to removing controls or
raising ceilings.
The Democratic National COM
mittee quickly tossed into the waste
basket a resolution directing Chair
man Hannegan to discuss with the
Price Control Board ways and
means" OF getting meat.
But Mr.. Truman's statement failed
to quiet the commotion. Meat re-
|mained Just as hard to get and
House Majority Leader Mccormack
said he still favored 60-day mora
torium on controls.
The meat shortage became fxed
topic Of discussion at weekly cabinet
meetings.
The Agriculture Department re-
ceived . formal petition from the
beef packers for elimination Of meat
controls.
A group Of top administration
ofIicials directly concerned with the
problem met several times at the
White House. At one OF these
sessions last week the President sat
In.
Before he did. he told . news
conference he had no comment
when he was asked whether he still
favors retention Of meat ceilings.
Evening star., 1946-10-14

|by the Foreign Minister Council,
he concluded.
y can only hops that our work
may lead to lasting peace ana eco
nonlic recovery and that ct last the
people may feel they i've and move
and have their being Ia absolute
security"
Previously Foreign Minister <. v.
Kisselev Of White Russia stoutly
defended Hussia'ss reparations
claims. AS part OF Soviet damagesV
he defiantly mentioned those Of
three Baltic countries whose incor-
poration In the Soviet Union has
not been recognized BY the western
powers.
In ADDITION to 5000, 900 900 rubles
(about $l,4O0, ,000, ,00O damage TO
White Russia and 5000, 900 900
(about $ll3,000, ,OO0) In Karelia,
ceded to Russia by Finland, In 1910.
Mr.. Kisselev presented damage bills
.of 10 ,OO0, ,OOO, 900 rubles 1880 900 ,000)
for Latvia, l7,OOo, ,0oo, 900 $500, 900, 4
0O0) for Lithuania and 5000, ,OOO, 600
$500 900 ,O00) for Estonia.
Mr.. Kisselev especially took issue
with Canada for favoring lower rep
arations. Russia, he said, had q
$20, ,00o, 900 bill to pay Canada for
Canadian interests in the nickel
mines Of Finland,s Petsanao region,
ceded to the Soviet, Of which $6.000.-
600 already has been paid.
II Canada wanted to reduce Fin
nish reparations to the U. s. 8. r.,
It should be willing to reduce the
,latters payments to Canada, Mr..
Kisselev argued.
VIII Hear Bidault Tomorrow.
A perfunctory session Of the 81
nation conference was forecast for
tomorrow to mark the formal end
OF the parley, which begain here
July 20. The program probably will
include closing addresses by French
President Geoges Bidault and other
Big Four representatives.
The Big -Four Foreign Ministers
also are expected to meet tomorrow
to discuss the role they must now
play and possibly to lay down
groundwork for discussion OF the
peace treaty with Germany, which
may be launched while the Foreign
Ministers are In New York attend
ing the United Nations General AS
sembly meeting starting October %.
Secretary Of State Byrnes and Mr..
Bevin conferred for an hour yes
terday. Mr.. Byrnes and his wife
lunched with Jefferson Caffery,
United States Ambassador to Paris,
and spent the rest Of the day rest
ing.
A member Of the United States
delegation said Mr.. Byrnes probably
would leave Paris Wednesday for
the United States. The Sacred
Cow" President Truman's private
plane, arrived here yesterday to
take Mr.. Byrnes home.
Nh Molotov will leave Wednesday
for New York aboard the liner
Queen Elizabeth. on which Senator
Connally also will be . passenger.
Evening star., 1946-10-14

the Danube, bitterly opposed by the
Soviet Union, Mr.. Molotov said that
Norway. Ethiopia and India had
cast the deciding "aye" votes under
external pressure"
On the vote by which the con-
ference failed to agree to fix Bull
garia's frontiers at the line Of jan
uary, l94l, Mr.. Molotoy thundered !:
This voting could not be ap-
proved prior to the conference. I
should like to assure Bulgaria your
frontiers will remain unchanged I"
Senator Vandenberg spoke after q
White Russian spokesman had
haunted Soviet annexation of Lithu-
ania, Estonia and Latvia by pre-
senting damage claims for them.
Halls Debt Payment Record.
Lauding Finland's 'scrupulous
fidelity" in paying her debts, Senator
Vandenberg said the $300, 900 900
penalty should be sent pack to the
Big Four foreign ministers with a
recommendation that it be reduced
to soc. .00o, 900.
"The United States delegation not
only Is unable to support Article a."
the Michigan Senator said Of the
reparations clause, but feel obliged
to vote against it, not only as a
matter Of conscience, but also. and
particularly as a matter of relative
equity and fair play"
Senator Vandenberg's speech in
the plenary session echoed United
States demands in the Economic
Commission that Finland's repara-
tions to Russia be pared down .
third.
The Finnish draft-along with
the treaties for italy. Bulgaria, Ro-
mania and Hungary-will go to the
Foreign Ministers Council for ap-
proval after being passed by the
plenary session, scheduled to adj
journ tomorrow.
Criticises Reparations Figures.
SenaxE Fandenhe1xx x49iled whst
he termed the rubber stamp" figure
of $500, 900 900 which has been writ
ten into other treaties atsthe behest
of the. .Sdet Union 1nd Id allow
ances should be made 6oe preserve
Finland's economy from collapse.
If we have. been right. he said
''in the reparations yardstick which
We have applied to others, we must
be wrong, 1t seems to Us, IN the
yardstick which 1t is proposed TO
ony,lv ~ fiftJa' Ein1and %
The Senator asserted that "by or