davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-01
TODAY and TOMORROW
by WALTER LIPPMANN

about Iran and Turkey and the
Middle East generally. The issues
there lie primarily between Great
Britain and the Soviet Union.
There was none about the west
ern part OF Germany. The issues
there lie between France and
Great Britain in the first instance.
and in the second between them
and the Soviet Union.
The agreements, in other words,
deal with the questions where the
United States and the Soviet
Union are the principle powers.
Where Great Britain and France
ere principal powers, and the
United States is not a principal,
there is as yet no agreement.
Taking what was achieved and
what was not achieved, it is evil
dent, I think, what ought to be our
next important moves in the max
ing of a world settlement. Having
reached a working agreement on
our own immediate differences
with the Soviet Union in eastern
Europe and in the Far East, we
must use our good offices and our
diplomatic influence to help Great
Britain and the Soviet Union
Britain and the Soviet Union
reach an agreement about Ger
many, the Mediterranean and the
Middle East.
i The Middle Eastern question is
undoubtedly the most difficult.
But the German question is i'm
mediately much more important.
For if we can settle the problems
of the Ruhr, the Saar and the
Rhineland, depriving Germany OF
political and military control
though not of share of the eco
nomic use of the industrial re-
sources of that region, the demili-
tarization of Germany will be an
accomplished fact. Without the
control Of Silesia and the Ruhr,
Germany cannot rearm. Once it
is certain that Germany cannot
rearm, their will be no danger and
there will be every advantage in
allowing the Germans to set up
la central government, and to
work out as best they can the con-
sequences of their defeat. Then
it will be possible to. scale down
military government to much
more modest undertaking, and to
reduce the army of occupation to
a size where it can be maintained
without difficulty over a period of
years.
We have every reason in our
own interest and in the general
interest for taking the position
that a German settlement should
be the next great International
business. Without it there can
be no stability in Europe, and
no real progress in rehabilitation
and reconstruction. Furthermore,
while. the future Of western Ger
many is in dispute, it will be i'm
possible for Great Britain and the
Soviet Union to have good rela-
tions anywhere, including the Mid
die East.
For until Great Britain accepts
the French view, which is also the
Russian view, that Germany is not
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-01
churchill GIVEN
ORDER OF MERIT
Bv TOM WILLIAMS

LONDON, Dec. 31-(Pl-Winston
Churchill, who last July declined
the Order of the Garter, highest
British decoration of chivalry, was
awarded the Order of Merit today
in King George WIS New Year
honor list.
The Order of Merit is distinc-
ton limited to "a holders.
chairman of the Charing Cross
Five military leaders were made
viscounts by the monarch in rec
ognition of their achievements
during the war, and three scien-
lists who aided in the development!
of crnic energy also were
honored. .....
The military men who were
named viscounts included:
Marshal of the Air Force Lord
Portal, of Hungerford. who also
received the Order of Merit. Lord
Hungerford was chief Of the Air
staff during the war.
Field Marshal Sir Bernard L..
Montgomery, who was field COM
mander of the 21st Army group
in Europe.
Field Marshal Lord Alan Brooke,
chief of the Imperial staff.
Field Marshal Sir Harold R. L.
G. Alexander, former supreme Al
lied commander in the Mediter-
ranean theater.
Admiral of the Fleet Lord An
drew Browne Cunningham, chief
of the Naval staff.
The 165-page list, believed to be
the longest New Year honors list
in British history, included five
women among the many persons
who made outstanding contribu-
tions to the winning of the war
both in military and civilian roles.
The traditional awards to Britons
who did the most for the nation
during the year, was increased this
time to include recognition for
services, both military and civil
ian, throughout the United King
dom. including the colonies.
f1loO IlldQ0 d VlSCOUllL Woo aOlO
Southwood, London publisher and
chairman of the Red Cross Penny
a-Week committee.
New barons include Admiral Sir
Bruce Fraser, head of the British
Pacific fleet during the war; Air
Chief Marshal Sir Arthur Tedder,
who served as deputy supreme
commander of Allied forces in Eu
rope under Gen. Eisenhower; Ad-
miral of the Fleet Sir John Tovey,
commander-in-chief of the Home
fleet; Field Marshal Sir Henry
Maitland Wilson, who was allied
commander-in-chief in the Medi-
terranean theater; Philip Inman,
chairman of the Charging Cross
hospital.
D. C. Bailey, inventor of the
Bailey bridge, which was widely
used by allied armies, was knight
ed.
Also made knight was Wallace
A. Akers, director of atomic bomb
research, while DR.. Rudolf Ernst
Peierls, scientific consultant on
atomic bomb research, and DR..
Franz Eugen Simon, professor in
thermo-dynan1ics. at Oxford uni
versity, were awarded the rank Of
Commanders of the British EN-
pire.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-01
WHAT HAPPENED AT MOSCOW

The agreements reached in
Moscow follow consistent pattern
which may prove to be a useful
guide in our diplomatic relations
with the Soviet Union.
Leaving aside for the moment
the problem of atomic energy, we
may note first that the agreements
deal only with two areas-with
eastern Europe mad northeastern
Asia. Now eastern Europe lies
within the military orbit of the
Soviet Union; eastern Asia is as
respects Japan, China proper, and
Southern Korea within the military
orbit of the United States and as
respects northern Korea and Man
churia within the military orbit of
the Soviet Union.
What has happened is that the
U. S. S. R. and the U. S. A. have
adjusted their relations within
their respective spheres of influ-
ence, and where these overlap and
might conflict, namely in north
China, Manchuria and Korea, they
have agreed on a common arrange
ment. Thus the agreements recog.
nize that the Soviet Union has the
leading but not the exclusive in
fluence in questions affecting Fin
land, Romania. Hungary, Bulgaria
and by implication Yugoslavia
We are not excluded from eastern
Europe. We have the right to be
heard and to be consulted. But ou1
role is advisory and secondary.
In Japan the pattern is the same
but in reverse. The Soviet Unior
recognizes that the United State.
has, been the leading power ir
formulating basic policy for the
defeat of Japan, and in executing
it; but we have agreed that from
now on we shall no longer insis
upon exclusive and unilateral con
troll of Japan, and that the Sovie
Union, playing an advisory ane
secondary role, is to be heard anc
consulted.
For China we have agreed te
avoid letting that country become
divided by civil strife in which the
Chungking regime would count or
American military support and the
Yenan regime on Soviet support
Instead we have agreed to combine
in order to exert our influence or
Chungking and Yenan to bring
about the unity of China, and as
further evidence that we do moi
wish to become rivals and antago.
nists in the Far East, We have
agreed to make the experiment o1
establishing a Korean government
under five-year trusteeship o1
the Big Three and China.
Thus the Moscow meeting
brought about an adjustment be.
tween the U. S. S. r. and the
U. S. A. in the two regions where
each claims a vital interest, and
their relations have been poor and
tending to be dangerous. That
the Moscow agreements are fun.
damentally a Soviet American
understanding becomes quite clear
when we note what were the prob
lens on which no agreements
were reached. There was none
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-01
20 in COUNTY DIE
OF TB DURING As

Twenty deaths from tuberculosis
were reported in the county in 1915.
The dread disease from which
no race, color or creed enjoys
immunity claimed the lives of 20
residents of New Hanover county
in 1945. Six of the deaths were
white persons, IA were Negroes.
Last year "a deaths were reported
in the county.
Although these facts assume
mountainous proportions to the
average layman, they are not con-
sidered the calamity today that
they were 10 years ago or even
last year.
Modern methods of combating
the disease have become more
effective; and detection with proper
treatment to prevent advancing
from the preliminary stages, is
To-Day considered the only safe way
TO rio the population of its rava ges.
In New Hanover county alone
the clty-county health department
reports that TIA chest X-Rays have
been made during the year. The
X-Rays are sponsored by the
tuberculosis association whose funds
come from the annual sale of Christ.
mas Seals which is now in progress.
Only 219 chest X-Rays were made
in the county by the TB board
during 1914. This according to DR..
A. H. Elliot, accounts for the
greater number of cases detected
in the county this year. One hundred
and one cases of tuberculosis have
been reported to the health depart.
ment this year. Last year only
35 were reported. Of course this
means that a number of untreated
cases were present in 1914 that were
not reported, or were treated else
where.
The number of cases to be ad
mitted to sanitoria from the county
totals 80, 13 white and II Negroes.
Of this number only a few are
veterans of the late war. Several
are said to be veterans Of World
War I.
The actual number Of cases re-
ported this year does not include
the large number of childhood cases
reported to the department which
are still under careful observation
by members of the city-county
TB clinic.
During 1915 FOL positive reactions
have been reported from TB skin
tests while a larger NUMBER, ,234
negative reactions were reported.
Chest X-Rays of these cases tel
a heartening story according to
health department officials, who
say that only few have proved
to be what is termed as bad cases.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-01
Return Of Seruicemen
Changes Work Of USES

sons we directed to the yards is
shown by the fact that not one shin
made there has been returned be.
cause of poor construction or work
manship."
He said that the office had a
great responsibility in the wear
ahead in finding work for persons
in this community but added that
with the cooperation of employers
and expanding business facilities
in this. region, the Wilmington Of
flee, with it's branches, should be
able to accomplish the task.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-01
POLITE THIEF

DETROIT.-W Yale,
46, is too polite to stay out of trou-
BILE.
When he attempted to snatch a
sheet of stamps at the Detroit post
office, the clerk raped his fingers
and Yale ran, only to be grabbed
by Mrs. Anna Beattie, bank mes
senger. She held him until help
arrived. Yale, who has a long
police record, lamented:
''What could I do? I couldn't
very we'll knock a lady down, could
T?"
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-01
NEWS TO HIM

DETROIT.-W.P)- William Chap
man, Detroit flier, feels he is
lucky even if his plane did lose a
propeller. He was about to land,
anyway, when the spinner drop
ped off, but he didn't know it was
gone until the engine stopped. The
propeller crashed through the roof
of a garage.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-01

III An influx Of veterans looking for
!. employment and information in.
stead of employers for workers in
ia war-depleted market, was one
iof the strongest trends reported
/ by Harold M. Hinkle, manager OF
1.-THE Wilmington office of the United
States Employment service as the
u 1915 drew to an end.
4 The past year, Mr.. Hinkle con-
I tinued, could well be divided into
f'two divisions in reviewing the type
of work done by the service dur
/ ing 1915.
| In short, before VI day the serv-
| ice was a compulsory unit, any
\ persons desiring employment had
to use its offices. After VI day,
/ when the office was transferred
I from the War Manpower Commits
sion to the Department of Labor,
1t became voluntary for persons
to use the service.
Before VI day, the main work
{ OF the office was selective, seeing
! that the most essential jobs were
filled from a scanty labor market.
After VI day, the work of the Of
flee was trying to convert a sur
plus of workers to a peace-time
business scene with it's dual prob
lem of reduced wages and different
sskills.
Figures released by Hinkle show
that the 51,797 persons came to
the service for various reasons.
OF this total 40,562 were 'rerout-
ed' or received more than simple
information. 1890 persons were
referred to job openings, 9,466
placements were made by the serv-
ice, 1929 placement assists were
effected assists being the term
used by the service designating
the job had already been accepted
but needed final approval)
The increased burden placed on
the office by volumne Of returning
veterans needing aid is shown that
out of the 4O,562 persons rerouted
during 1945, 7,040 or, nearly 16 per-
cent, were ex-GPs. This figure is
misleading because the greatest
numbers of veterans have been pro-
cessed by the service in the past
few months. During November
nearly so per cent of persons re-
routed by the service were veter-
ans and the figures for December,
while not complete, indicate that
the total will be increased during
the final month of the year.
This fact is further shown by
figures revealing that during Janu-
ary 1872 veterans were processed
by the service as compared to the
November total of 1852.
The large number Of persons
"contacted'' by the service, 51,797
is explained by the fact that any
one desiring any type Of informa-
ton from the service is included
in-ttais figure. 1t should not be used,
Mr.. Hinkle said, in determining
percentages of persons placed in
employment.
For example, employers wanting
information on wage ceilings, de-
string information on job-appli-
cants, and even this reporter in
contracting the service for informa-
ton for this story were included in
the total.
Hinkle said his office was proud
of its work during the war years
when the North Carolina Shipyard
was its main responsibility.
'"The shipyard's quotas were
always filled. The quality Of per
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-01
AERIAL REPAIR MAN

ORLANDO, la.-U.R-This town
claims the distinction of having
the tallest radio repairman on
record. He is Hi Johnson, who
stands seven feet six inches tall.
He sleeps in a bed eight and a
half feet long-and pays $45 for
his custom-build size-26 shoes,
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-01

tion is to be given firm founda-
ton Toward this end Secretary
Bvrnes accomplished more than
was expected, having brought away
from Moscow working arrange
ment which does promise to ad-
i1,st the relations of Soviet and
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-01
CITY GETS 12o TRA1LERs

ANDERSON, Ind. -W.D- The
National Housing Administration
has. allocated 120 trailers to the
city. of Anderson, to prvvide tenn
porary housing for returned World
War II servicemen. Mayor c. D.
Rotruck requested the trailers to
alleviate an acute housing shortage
in Anderson.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-01
INTERNATIONAL TIE

DAVOS, Switzerland, Dec. 30
H-Prague and Zurich battled
through three overtime periods
today to % tie in an ice hockey
game in competition for the Speller
cup.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-01

American power in the two region,
where there is serious conflict
copyright, 1945, New York Tri.
bune Inc.)
Evening star., 1946-05-26

the first night in the White House as the
Presidents personal guest. On the second
Gay ne moves into nearby Blair House.
Although the Government has owned it
only since 1912, Blair House dates back to
1874, Its hostess, Mrs. Victoria Geaney,
probably has welcomed more illustrious guests
than any other woman in America.
The more important the man, the easier
he is to have here" she says.
Minor requests recently are mostly for
orange juice, from representatives of coun-
tries that during the war had no fruit juices.
Some OF our European visitors have drunk
really amazing quantities of orange juice"
There isn't much time for the visitor to
enjoy Blair House. Next "musts" on his list
Evening star., 1946-05-26

work, renting halls, selecting guest lists, get
ting invitations engraved and mailed, super
vising seating arrangements.
When at last the visitor leaves Washington,
a representative of the Division accompanies
him everywhere. Previously, arrangements
have been made for receptions, accommoda-
tions and protection in every city to be visit
ed In New York, for instance, two members
of the Police Bureau of Special Service and
Investigation travel with the visitor.
Farmer Wore Cutaway
AMERICAS growing interest and partlclpa-
ton in international affairs is having its
effect. Mr.. Woodward relishes the recollec-
ton of the time, before the war, when he
drove Englands King and Queen from the
Worlds Fair in New York to Hyde Park.
Passing through farm country on empty
roads, they suddenly saw lone figure wait
ing at the gate of an isolated farm "a figure
in formal cutaway coat, striped trousers and
top hat.
1t was New York farmer, Mr.. Woodward
learned later, suitably attired to greet royalty
as they passed his door.
But typical American brusqueness has
brought embarrassment to the Division
at times. On one occasion in Chicago the
President of Chile and his staff visited
department store.
The State Department representative
glanced around as they entered. He saw
foorwalker This is the President of Chile"
he whispered. He'd like to buy few things.
Will you show us around?"
The foorwalker looked at the impressive
party - naval and military aides in gold
braid, heavily medaled. What does the
President want to buy?" he asked.
Evening star., 1946-05-26

back to the Presidential party alone, with the
offer to show them around himself
These headaches however, and the expense
(the Government pays all the bills) are we'll
worth while.
"As an example," State Department
official said, when the Regent of 1raq was
here, he was accompanied by several news
papermen from his own country Those cor
respondents travelled with him. and for
month papers in Iraq were full of American
news and reports about American life.
1--WE could never have got that much space
devoted to true picture of ourselves in any
other way, or at any cost What we spent was
an investment in international good will and
better mutual understanding. The End
Evening star., 1946-05-26

means of establishing more cordial lnterna-
t;oral understanding and frmer bonds of
friendship.
# the Secretary of State and the President
accept the proposal as sound foreign policy,
the Division of Protocol formally makes IN
ou;ries of the Washington Ambassador of
that country: Would his President - or King
welcome such an invitation? Then other
detailed questions and finally the White
House formally issues an invitation.
The process often works in reverse. The
fore;gn nation makes the overtures, for vary
;ng reasons Its head may want to negotiate
, loan with American bankers. buy ships or
steel or railroad cars for his people, see for
b;,nself how we build dams or planes or sky
scrapers, or whatnot. But, however the
main event is arranged, the preliminar-
;.s are always the same, with their null
+;tudes of details - or protocol.
Reservations are made for hotel rooms,
,,anes. railroad sleepers, automobiles,
Mavor's time, a Governor S time, bands, flags.
Police escorts are arranged, even the menus
to he served the dignitarles are carefully
checked Reason: Mohammedans, for exam
,,e would be offended if offered pork.
Escorted TO White House
DEFINITELY established diplomatic routine
takes over at the airport or railroad station,
when the dignitary is met by the Secretary
Of State, military and naval aides. The Secre-
tarv escorts him to the White House for
formal welcome by the President. Then the
appropriate military salute is fired, and the
national anthems of both countries are played.
This is must" procedure.
That evening the President gives his State
dinner. After it, always. the visitor spends
Evening star., 1946-05-26

are visits to place wreaths on the grave of
George Washington at Mount Vernon and
the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arling-
ton National Cemetery
The second day always ends with dinner
given by the Secretary of State. Again the
hirt-sleeved diplomats of protocol are hard at
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-15
OF FLEET
|. OFF ON VOYAGE
Liner America Leaves New
York On Maiden Trip In
Luxury Competition

| NEW YORK, Nov. IA = REThe
liner America, queen OF the ma
tons passenger fleet, sailed Thurs
day on her maiden voyage in the
transatlantic luxury trade com.
!petition-A trip delayed more than
six years by World War II.
Completed in August, 1910, and
designed to compete with such
giants as the Queen Mary, Nor
mandie, Rex, Bremen and Europa,
the America maze a few pleasure
cruises to the caribbean and Cali
fornia, then was taken over by the
Navy in June, 1912, and converted
into a troop transport, the West
Point. She carried almost half a
million fighting men to all parts
of the globe.
Now, after a seven-month re-
conditioning job which cost So, 000,-
900, the 26, Ashton liner Thursday
entered the deluxe role originally
planned Cor her. The ship en-
barked 1888 passengers for her ini-
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-15

tial European trip, which will in
clude stops at Cobb, Southampton
and lie Harve.
The Americas builders proudly
insist she is an all-American ship,
with nearly every state contribut-
ing to her construction.
Ohio Blankets
The planks in her deck, for in
stance, come from Oregon; her
table silver from Rhode Island and
Connecticut; her blankets from
Ohio. Some Of her decorative
murals were painted in New Mexi'
CO.
The liner has % deliberately dec.
Grated public rooms, a gymnas.
ium, a tiled swimming pool, and
therapeutic baths. Her original cost
was SIT, 500, 900.
In an effort to insure that SER
vice aboard the America will meet
the standards of top European YES
sells before the war, the liners
stewards attended a special school
here sponsored by the National
Maritime union, the U. S. Mari
time commission and the U. S.
Lines, operators Of the vessels.
Her capacity is $40 first class
passengers, 344 cabin class, and
1873 tourist class. Minimum fares
in the three classes respectively
are 1925, $210 and $3.50.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-15
ourGIRights
Questions and Answers
On Servicemen's
Problems
Bv DOUGLAS LARSEN


WASHINGTON, - The Veterans
Administration is now cooperating
with local pharmacists to give
drugs prescribed by local physi'
clans to veterans with s%ervice-con-
nected disabilities free of charge.
Here are some questions from vet
Grams on this plan:
Q-I have been going to a VA
hospital which is more than SO
miles away from my home to get
treatment for a service-connected
disability. Frequently I need med
icine, and to get it I usually have
to 60 all the way to the VA hos
pital or pay for it myself. Under
the new plan I have heard about
can I get free medicine from the
local drugstore?
Alt is possible you can make
special arrangements with VA tt
do this under the new program
But ordinarily, to be eligible fol-
the service, veterans must receive
prescriptions from private physi
clans operating under VAS home
town medical-care program Of
from VA-designated or fee-basi,
physicians. In either case, vet
Grams must be receiving medica
treatment for a service-incurree
illness or disability.
! Q-1s it possible to get medica
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-11-15

expedite development Of plants II
his area.
Felix Grissette, director of the
State planning board, will preside
over the all-day meeting.
Speakers include: George Ross,
N. C. State college marketing spec
ialist, and DR.. Harden Taylor, Of
the University of North Carolina,
the latter a specialist On seafood
processing.
DR.. J. v. Hoffman, State college
orestry expert, will speak on in
dustry developed from wood
products.
Counties represented include:
Maven, Pamlico. Jones, Carteret,
Pender, Brunswick, New Hanover.
Columbus and Bladen.
George Cement, commercial man.
of the Tide Water Power
company; j. Goodlet Thornton,
president Of the Wilmington Saw
ngs and Trust company; J. M.
Fields. Atlantic Coast Line; and