davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-01
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

The first meeting of the United Ma
lions Assembly IN London is taking on
more and more importance. 1t is now
assured that the problem of atomic de-
velopment-and the atomic bomb-will
be dealt with, an issue that has had the
world by the ears ever since the first
atomic bomb was dropped by American
air forces on Japan with stunning effect.
The agreement entered into at Mos
COW by the Big Three, the United States.
Britain and Russia, calls for the sub
mission Of resolution to the General
Assembly turning over to the Security
Council the task of forming a commits
sion to deal with the problems raised by
the discovery Of atomic energy.
This Is an issue in which the United
States will demand its views be given
tie fullest consideration. Senator VAN
denberg, Republican, of Michigan. a
member of the United States delegation
to the Assembly, has made that clear.
While agreeing to the plan for creation
Of United Nations commission to ex-
plore all phases Of the atom &c energy
problem, he is particularly insistent that
there be adequate worldwide inspection
OF what any and all countries are doing
with regard to the development of
atomic energy and control for security
purposes.
II y
Obviously. this country will not divulge
any secret with regard to atomic energy
and Of atomic bomb production without
all essential steps first being taken for
the control and use OF this tremendous
force. Tie United States and its people
properly feel that they can be trusted
not to make aggressive warfare on. other
nations and not to use this bomb. But
until it has been conclusively proved
that the use Of atomic energy as
weapon will be controlled and banned
1t is not going to share these secrets
outside of Britain and Canada, which
had part in developing the bomb.
The spadework done in San Fran
cisco, when the United Nations iabori-
ously wrote the United Nations Char
ter, is showing its value already. The
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-01

meeting. And, unlike the situation in
London, Mr.. Byrnes did not have the
support OF the French and Chinese
whom the Russians did not allow to
attend the new conference ThesBrit-
ish were more interested in the particu-
lar problems OF the Mediterranean and
the future Of Russo-British relations in
the Middle East. The question OF
Japan was only secondary to Foreign
Minister Bevin.
The new" European situation, ac-
cording to careful examination OF Mr.
Byrnes' Sunday night broadcast, has not
materially changed the Russian point
OF view as expressed in London. In his
broadcast the Secretary admitted that
the solutions reached in Moscow were
not ideal" but they should bring hope
to the war-weary peoples OF many
lands"
In London Mr.. Byrnes insisted that
elections in Bulgaria and Romania
should be free. He sgreed in Moscow
that Russia should undertake to give
friendly advice to Bulgaria to include
In its government two representatives
OF the other democratic groups who
would work loyalty with the new govern
ment
This sounds fine on paper. But the
fact is that the real ruler of Bulgaria
is George Dinitroff, one of the highest
ranking officials OF the Communist
party in Moscow, who became Russian
citizen about 20 years ago and reas-
sumed his Bulgarian citizenship only
recently when he was dispatched from
Moscow to his former fatherland.
There is no Question that Dimitrof
will obey instructions from his superior
officers in the Kremlin as he has obeyed
them in the past.
In regard to Romania, the Russian
government was more liberal since it
permitted the American and British
Ambassadors to 60 to Bucharest to help
King Michael organize his government
by the inclusion Of members from both
the Romanian Liberal and National
Peasant parties. These members Of the
opposition must fulfill the same quail
fications as their Bulgarian colleagues.
They must be suitable" that is to say,
acceptable to the unoficial representa-
tive of the Moscow Communist party.
Nine. Anna Pauker-the real ruler of
Romania-and must work Loyalty with
the present Communist government
headed by the puppet Premier Petrl
Groza.
Once these few handpicked members
OF the opposition have been given a
place in the cabinets of the two Balkan
countries, the puppet government can
claim that all the requirements Of the
western Allies have been met and in all
likelihood the United States Govern
ment will extend its ofiicial recognition
as 1t has done in the case of the Tito
government.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-01

In New York papers as a paid full
page advertisement sponsored by a
furniture store.
From this point on, in his own
words, Fiorello La Guardia's career
thus will be one of thinking, writ
ing and talking" Quite obviously,
his retirement from public life will
not mean his retirement from the
public. Americans in general and
New Workers in particular are going
to hear a lot more from him, and
whether or not they have agreed
with him as Mayor, great numbers
of them win wish him well in his
new role because he is usually color
full and intelligent enough to be
stimulating even when mistaken.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-01
New Years Doy-l946

Beyond the iOinter solstice is the time
Our Civilization places its New Year-
When Natures epery gentle aspect
sleeps
And all the earth seems lacking in
good cheer.
Not so NTH pGgans. By their calendar.
The year began ,Dith the return of
spring
The Derndl eQuinoT-dnd pdgans then
Bore to Wnlpurgisnacht their Offering.
Why this cold choice OF ours uhen pe,
too, might
Haze had our year begin in April,
Nay:
Among the reassuring leaves and
blooms,
Chosen to celebrate our New Year's
Day?
Here is the ansiDer to that queryi We
Scorned to pay tribute to q pagan
tUrGith
Sato through the fckleness OF Dragging
Freyr-
We ,rho're possessed our souls in bound-
less filth
Faith IN the right against ,phatepsr odds
Nature or men OF ~ wiH haze Nm
tisrled.
So, on this ioister day, in brape design
Our NesD Pears Day-iDe pision our
nstD tcorld!
VIOLET ALLEyN STOREY.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-01

The year of victory is ending. The
year in which we must begin to reap the
fruits of victory begins.
War is not an end in itself. The
normal state of man is peace, not war.
The normal occupation Of man is work,
not combat. That is the difference be-
tween civilization and savagery.
The only reason for winning war
is to win the peace that follows. We
Americans have had other wars in our
history. We can face up to the necessi-
ties and the sacrifices Of war. But we
have less experience in the necessities
and sacrifices Of peaceful leadership in
world affairs. We have been too long
accustomed to pass by on the other side
the conflicts and turmoil OF the more
They have had to say "the world is
too much with us"-we have been happy
that we were far distant from their
troubles.
But in. the last SO years, the facts
Of life have caught up with US. The
progress Of science has .shrunk our globe
and dried up our oceans to mere pud-
dies; useful still, but no longer ramparts
against destruction.
X
In so years, the basic conditions of
our. national existence have not only
changed, they have become directly OPP
posite to those to which we have been
so comfortably accustomed.
In so years, our foreign policy has
changed from one Of avoiding foreign
entanglements" at all costs to one in
which We must, lest we perish, have q
finger in every pie, have something to
say about what goes on in every region
of the world, be constantly at the
council table. constantly vigiiant.
In SO years, our military policy has
changed from one OF hemisphere de-
fense" and the Monroe Doctrine to one
Of offensive readiness, one in which
we must be Instantly prepared to sup
press any breach OF the peace by force
Of arms, wherever 1t may occur; one
In which the military contribution to
our security can be effective only II It
Is ready to pounce on the sources OF
danger and destroy them before We our
selves are destroyed.
In 50 years, our commercial policy
has changed from one Of high protective
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-01
This Changing World
By Constantine Bro,t.n

Secretary OF State Byrnes has told
close friends that he discovered, within
a short time after his arrival In Moscow,
that the Russians were only moderately
interested in the solution OF the pending
problems In Europe and the Middle
East, where they have the upper hand
at the moment.
But they insisted on immediate settle
ment OF the Japanese question and Rus
sia's active participation in the organ
izatton OF Japan. They insisted so
strongly on adoption Of the plan offered
by Commissar Molotov at London In
September that Mr.. Byrnes was forced
to accept an agreement containing only
face-saving devices for this country and
substantial advantages for the Russians
The Secretary yielded to the demands
regarding future Allied policy In Japan
despite the fact that the entire world
had long known of Americas over
whelming interest in the Far East and
most countries had considered it fore
gone conclusion that we would never
surrender any of our prerogatives there.
According to some members of the
Senate Foreign Relations Committee
who do not wish to be identified at this
time, Mr.. Byrnes informed the commit
tees liaison group at the State Depart
ment before going to Moscow that he
would not yield on the question of
Russian veto in the Far Eastern Com
mission and would agree to a control
council for Tokyo, as the Russians had
demanded at London.
The Secretary is reported to have as
sured all those with whom he talked
within 48 hours before his departure
that he intended to attempt to break
the post-London deadlock by arranging
peace terms with all the former bellig-
erents except Germany, where there is
no national government. So far as the
Far Eastern situation was concerned he
would agree only to an exploration" Of
the Russian point Of view.
jority Of the Senators, all the military
experts advising the White House on
matters correlating diplomacy and
strategy, and Gen. Douglas Macarthur
himself were opposed to wide conces-
sions to the Soviets. They had all en-
phasized that the acceptance of the
Russian terms for veto and control
council with headquarters in Tokyo
would seriously hamper the general in
his further work of democratizing
Japan. Not only Gen. Macarthur but
the Joint Chiefs Of Staff have gone on
record as opposing an agreement on the
basis outlined by the Russians.
The pressure placed by the Russians
on the American delegation at Moscow
was such, however, that at one time it
appeared that unless their demands
were satisded-with some face-saving
devices for this countryside conference
would meet the fate of the London
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-01
Letters to The Star
Mr.. Ickes Replies to Editorial on
Useful Little Ducks
To the Editor Of The star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
Your editorial under the heading
Useful Little Ducks" in your issue OF
December 20 Is as pitiable as your argu-
ments are trivial The Star, which used
to lead all other washington news
papers in fighting for beautiful and
dignified Capital, has grown crop
Of widows and orphans" of its own
Your version Of the widows and or
phans" fiction is that of the "busy little
taxpayer" You assume, of course, that
all of the busy little taxpayers" have
no more interest in Washington than
The Star seems no longer to have Con-
ceivably there might be "busy little tax
payers" who want a beautiful setting for
the Jefferson Memorial for which they
helped to pay and who can't quite see
the sense OF pouring through eight lanes
of highway traffic that Washington is
not prepared to handle. It used to be
the concept that no village was SO small
but that high-speed traffic, however con-
gested, running along the highways
might bring few extra nickels day
to the corner drugstore. But that no.
ton is as antiquated as the old concept
of widows and orphans" that used to
constitute the principal argument for
every corporate buccaneer who lacked
a better one.
Your editorial indicates that you do
not grasp the issues involved which are
more than making 1t easy for the "busy
little taxpayer" to get across the river.
shall not attempt to argue them with
you because doubt If you would be
interested. The thought occurs to me
that the busy little taxpayer" could
get back and forth much more quickly
If 1t were not for the circuitous roads
around the Lincoln Memorial. So, If
Mr.. Macdonald, whose ability is I'M
questionable but whose zeal to use power
improperly Is as clear as day so far as
these proposed bridges are concerned,
should want to demolish the Lincoln
Memorial in order to build wider and
straighter roads would expect The Star
to join in the acclaim.
There is more to human life than
mere utilitarianism. There Is something
to the idea of beauty and perspective
and fitting surroundings. For instance,
I have always fought for the retention
Of the circles that have been such an
annoyance to the busy little taxpayer"
because they have made trip down
Pennsylvania avenue two or three min
utes longer. These have been distinctive
and to my view have added to the beauty
OF washington. But If understand your
saddening little editorial we ought to
do away with such distractions as these.
II 1t comes to that, why should we not
cut down all Of our trees in order to
widen the streets2 And why should
there be any inhibitions against the
unlimited vehicular use of Rock Greek
Park, which now is little more than
glorified boulevard, and of other areas
that our childish minded predecessors
thought might be both appropriate and
fitting as frame for what ought to
be lovelier Capital City than 1t is?
HAROLD L. ICKES,
Secretary of the Interior.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-01
Station Accident Reactions

Station Accident Reactions
To the Editor Of The Star:
have just finished reading the ac-
count in The Star of the terrible thing
that happened to Sergeant George
Timko. wounded veteran, at Union
Station, on last Friday. The account
of this disgraceful affair must have
shocked thousands of your readers as
1t has me. The more so because by
a modicum of good management and
consideration for the wounded veteran
the horrible mishap could have been
prevented.
Please recommend editorially that the
ODT issue an order to all railway and
other transportation stations that
wounded soldiers, sailors, etc., be given
preferential treatment in boarding
trains and other common carriers. In
short. that wounded veterans be per-
mitted to pass through the gates in
advance Of civilian mobs.
If such rule had been in effect last
Friday the serious and painful injury
to Sergeant George Timko would not
have happened.
FRANCIS ]. p. cLEARY.
To the Editor Of The Star:
The article in The Star, reporting
that another wounded veteran had been
knocked down and seriously injured,
calls to mind that few days ago my
mother was at the station, when an
other similar instance occurred.
In that case, 1t nearly resulted in
general fight among other soldiers, mili-
tay police and civilians. with the two
men who callously knocked down a SOL
der minus one leg and on crutches and
proceeded without trying to aid their
victim
Why cannot really wounded service
men-and aged and really intirm peo-
pie generally-report at the station
masters office and be given access to
trains few minutes before the crowds
are admitted through the gates?
M. c. BRITToN.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-01

gineers, on the basis of their counts,
contend that incoming traffic over
four one-way bridge lanes would be
as easily dispersed in washington
as the same traffic over three lanes
on two-way bridge.
The Stars concern has been to
avoid the mistake OF constructing,
at this point, ian inadequate bridge
facility. Such agencies as the Dis
trict Highway Department, the
Traffic Department. the Pub
lie Roads Administration and the
Public Works Administration are
agreed that one two-way bridge
would become inadequate more
quickly than the two bridges. One
reason for this is that Is per cent
of the Highway Bridge traffic is
trucks and buses and Is per cent
of the southbound traffic turns down
river at the Virginia end of the bridge.
This volume of heavy and left-turn-
ing traffic-which will increase pro-
portionately as the total volume in
creases-would perpetuate the con-
gestion on two-way, six-lane
bridge, that so frequently occurs
now on Highway Bridge. Two one
way bridges, on the other hand,
would simplify the movement of
turning and through traffic in both
directions.
The Star applauds Mr.. Ickes for
his interest in safeguarding the
beauties of Washington, and on
more than one occasion has found
in him an able ally. The Star does
not concede, however, that this
beauty is enhanced by ignoring the
realities of modern traffic needs.
A few more mistakes by city plan
ners unconcerned with traffic, like
their location of Chinese Wall
of Government buildings south OF
Pennsylvania avenue, closing of
such important north-south thor
oughfares as Thirteenth, Eleventh
and Sixth streets, and the beauties
of Washington will be more OBJ
secured than they are now by snarled
traffic. The problem of constructing
an adequate bridge facility should
be approached on the basis Of facts
and not irrelevant rhetoric.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-01
Approves White House Editoria

Approves White House Editorial
To the Editor Of The Star:
Please allow me to congratulate you
upon your editorial of Sunday, De-
cember 80, entitled white House Ex-
panSion."
The White House is only the temporary
home of its official occupant, and If
every occupant attempts to change or
remodel or add to it, the White House
soon will become mutilated or disfig-
ured inonstrosity.
In addition, when President Truman
stepped into the White House, the feel
ing was universal that the squandering
and waste Of the past few years would
cease, and that he would do much
. toward saving the country from total
bankruptcy. But when he asked for
$500 900 to repair or change the White
House, there was feeling OF surprise,
not that billions were involved, but
for the principal or the example.
We confess our ignorance OF the plans
and purposes regarding the spending Of
this $500 900, but that sum would be
more than sufIicient to add 800 large
size ofiices or bedrooms at the cost of
5000 each. Therefore we are at a
loss to understand why this sum is to
be spent.
The beauty Of the White House should
not be marred or destroyed. We hazard
q guess that this spending did not
originate in the mind Of President
Truman, but had its origin elsewhere.
We hope that he will reverse his posi-
ton and leave the White House alone.
WADE II. COOPER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-01
Year of Decision

In 1943 Bernard De Voto wrote a
book which he called "The Year of
Decision"-a story dealing with the
great events of 1846. in which year
the people of the United States
surged westward and acquired for
themselves a continental empire.
Until this vast migration got under
way the center of gravity of the
United States had been in the East.
Had it remained there we should
never have known national great
ness, for there would almost Ger
tainly have grown up what De Vote
calls Balkanization of America, re-
sulting in a collection of quarreling
and mutually antagonistic commu-
mites which could not possibly have
achieved their manifest destiny"
Fortunately, there were powerful
forces at work. The people, or enough
of them, sensed the insecurity of
their Eastern geographical position,
and the long lines of covered wagons
began the mass movement to the
West, enduring for the sake of a
vision and hope the fearful hard
ships OF the Oregon and the Santa
Fe and the California trails. In the
White House there was a strong
man, James K. Polk, who saw clearly
that America must become a con-
tinental power, and he would stop at
nothing to discharge what he re-
garded as clear responsibility Be-
fore he had finished, Texas was ad-
mitted as State, the American flag
was flying over the huge and little
known provinces of New Mexico"
and California" from which have
been carved half a dozen States,
and the Oregon question" had been
settled to his satisfaction. Some of
his methods do not fit nicely into
the picture of an idealiStic America,
duly respectful of the rights of
others, but whether all of the meth
DDS were defensible or not, the fact
remains that the tremendous job
was done. And 1916 fully deserves
to be known as year of decision-a
year in which our forefathers de-
cided to lay the foundations of
truly great Nation, and did not hest
tate to act on that decision.
Now full century has rolled by,
and we stand today on the thresh-
old of another momentous year of
decision. In 1916, the American peo-
pie, sensing that they could not live
securely in the East, pushed back
their frontiers until, from Canada to
the Rio Grande and from the At
lantic to the Pacific, there was but
one Nation. For nearly one hundred
years, except for the period of the
Civil War, they lived in reasonable
harmony and security in that vast
domain.
But now that sense of security
has faded away. Two World Wars
have sufficed to discredit the ocean
barriers and we have seen that our
own destiny is tied to the destinies
OF all nations. And so, as 1916 be-
gins, we enter once again upon
year of decision-a year in which we
and the other nations will determine
whether it is possible to lay the
foundations of strong and peace
full world, or whether mankind must
be resigned to Balkanization on
global scale, with the probable ruin
which that would entail in this
atomic age. Our fervent hope must
be that, as was the case a century
ago, the men and the methods es-
sential to the great achievement
will be found.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-01

Owen Wister and Rupert Hughes,
not to mention j. Fenimore Cooper,
represented George Washington as a
character in fictional works, but
incredible as it may seem the best
imaginary portrait of the father Of
his country is that painted in words
by an Observation-Disclosures
1.-The Virginians."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-01

Science knows a lot. but until
somebody finds out how to invent
a better flying machine than the
wings of a bird there still will be
room for improvement in that
KNOWLEDGE.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-01-01

When peace finally is accom-
plished, the public will know it by
the temperance Of black pepper on
the shelves in the grocery stores.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1946-03-07
In MemOriam

MARTH-Sacred to the memory
of our dear son and brother Pfc.
Woodrow w. Marth, who was killed
one year ago March IL, 1945, after
crossing the Rhine at Remargan
Bridge with the 99th Checker
Board Division.
Somewhere in Belgium in a SOL
dier's grave
Lies our dear Woody among the
brave.
He never Stunned his country's
call
But gladly gave his life-his all.
He died the helpless to defend
A faithful soldiers noble end.
How his life was shed we know not
What his last word, look or
thought;
Only that he did his duty
Died as bravely as he fought.
In our hearts his memories linger
Always tender, fond and true.
There is not day dear Woody
That we do not think of you.
7s9 THE FAMILY.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1946-03-07

Arlington, formerly of Roanoke,
Va, was a guest on Sunday of
Mr.. B. Barry Greene.
1t. and Mrs. Bode and young
son are moving to New York this
week. Commander and Mrs.
Robert Williams and family will
move this week into the house on
South Washington St. being
vacated by the Bodies.
Mr.. Alex Kindred who has lived
here for some time has returned
to his home in Roanoke, Va.
Mr. and Mrs. John Dodson and
Mrs. Dodson's mother, Mrs. Rosa
Baker have returned from a
months stay in Miami. White
there they visited Mr.. and Mrs.
Grafton Dodson and son who have
been there since fall. The John
Dodson's are former residents of
Rockville, but now live in Garrett
Park.