davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-04-21
War Department Calls
Criticism Of lis Trial
System 'Unjustified'
RoyoII Formally Replies
To House Subcommittee
Court-MortioI Report
By The Assoeio.ed Press

The War Department yester-
day called House Military
Affairs subcommittee criticism
of the Army court-martial sys-
tenn "unjustified."
Undersecretary of War Kenneth
C. Royal declared that to draw
any conclusion from the commit
tees report, which mentioned that
l42 soldiers were executed under
court martial sentence, would be
grossly unfair"
In 25,000-word analysis, the
subcommittee headed by Represent
atlve Durham, Democrat, of North
Carolina, had been highly critical
Of what it called injustices, extreme
severity of sentences and partial
ity stemming from the present court
martial system.
Although the subcommittee docu-
ment was reported to have been
temporarily put aside by the iuli
committee at the suggestion of the
War Department., committee men,
bers said privately there probably
will be open hearings on the entire
problem.
Numerous Convictions Challenged.
The subcommittee said that be-
tween December 7, 194l and Febru-
arv %. 1916, u soldiers were exc
cuted for murder; 81 for rape; 10
for murder and rape, and one for
desertion.
Bringing charges of rape against
American soldiers became sort of
racket among some portions of the
populace in the European theater,"
the subcommittee said, "and it is
believed that numerous convictions
of innocent soldiers took place be-
cause courts too amiably accepted
dubious identifications in the in
terest of discipline in general or of
maintaining the good name of the
Army among liberated or conquered
people"
In a general summary of military
justice last July 8, Secretary of War
Patterson said that up to that time
the Army had executed 102. He
noted that no American soldier can
be executed if he is in the United
States except with approval of the
President, or by approval of the
theater commander if the offense is
committed overseas.
Mr.. Royal, in formal reply to
the subcommittee recommendation
that the court-martial system be
overhauled, said mistakes inevitably
had been made under wartime stress,
but noted that the War Department
already has taken corrective steps.
No Hearing Held.
THE department is not only
willing but anxious that full con-
sideration be given to all possible
improvements in the system of
military justice" Mr.. Royal said.
However. the solution of this diff
cult problem is not helped by in
correct statements, nor by unjusti-
fed criticisms. nor by unsupported
and unwarranted conclusions.
Mr.. Royal, charged with re-
sponsibility for administering Army
justice, noted that no hearings had
been held and that the report had
(See COURT MARTIAL, Page Al
Evening star., 1946-04-21
New York Outlaws
Apartment Leases
Which Ban Babies
By the Associoted Press

NEW YORK, April 2O.-Lucky
holders of scarce apartments in
New York may now increase
their families without consult
ing their landlords-thanks to
legislation signed today by Gov.
Thomas E. Dewey.
The law makes it a misde-
meanor for a landlord to de-
mand in a lease a stipulation
that the tenants will not have
any babies during the term of
the lease. The Governors legal
staff in Albany said such a
practice was not general.
Lewis D. Olliffe, Brooklyn Re-
publican, introduced the legis-
lation after hearing that land
lords were offering leases con-
tanning the no-babies limita-
ton.
Evening star., 1946-04-21
Lie Urges U. 5. Pres,
To Stress Positive
Work Done by U. n.
Secretary General Tells
Editors Causes of War
Must Be Eliminated

Trygve Lie, Secretary General
of the United Nations, last night
urged American newspapers to
stress the organizations posi-
tive work" to prevent future
wars by "eliminating the social
and economic evils which have
caused most of the wars of the
past"
Mr.. Lie, speaking at a banquet
concluding the 23d annual meeting
of the American Society of News
paper Editors, warned that Fascism
and Naziism still exist as a threat
to peace, and pointedly declared
that the major powers have a
special duty" to work out any diff
ferences among them by peaceful
agreement.
He said, however, that the world
is sick and tired" of war now and
the forces in favor of peace are sc
overwhelmingly powerful that he
cannot believe there will be another
war 'in the period Immediately
ahead of U.S."
Must Insure Peace.
"Our business" he emphasized, "is
to insure that the world will no,
have a war either now or in that
distant future when it may lack oul
advantage of grim firsthand exper.
ience' with two terrible wars
Mr.. Lie then pointed out that 6
fundamental task of the Unitec
Nations involves "a vast mass OF
solid, long-term work in the field ol
economic and social reconstruction
and improvement throughout the
world declaring that unless We
can make real go" of this positive
work I'VE shall fail to prevent war.
What should like to ask you,
he told the newspaper editors, III
to stress to all thinking people Of
your Nation the urgency of thi.
positive work"
Mr.. Lie, who came here during ar
Easter recess of the United Nation.
Security Council meetings in New
York, spoke to a gathering of about
800 at the Hotel Statler.
Russians Among Guests.
ASNE guests in the audience in.
cluded cabinet members, Army anc
Navy officers, Fedor T. Orekhov
first secretary of the Russian EN-.
bassy, and three Soviet writer's who
had participated in open forum
sessions with the American editors
yesterday and Friday.
The visiting Russian newsmen
who had promised earlier to inquire
into the possibilities of freel
interchange of newspaper CORE.
spondence when they returned tc
Moscow, emphasized Soviet-Ameri
can friendship in brief addresses
last night.
John S. Knight, retiring presi-
dent of the society, introduced the
speakers and presented an ASNF
plaque to Byron Price, wartime
head of the Office of Censorship, fol-
"faithfulness, justice and integrity
in conducting the office. He des-
cribed it as a token of tremendous
esteem"
Mr.. Price, pointing out that war
time censorship succeeded as a vol
untary measure, urged that the
press act in cooperation with the
movies and radio against any peace
time censorship.
He called for decent self-regula-
Evening star., 1946-04-21
Truman S Aid SOUGHT
To Block Personnel
Cuts Under Pay Bill
Letter Suggests
Using Power to
Combine Agencies
a ~
By Joseph Youno

In a last-ditch attempt to beat
OF an amendment to the Fed
eral pay bill which would make
pay raises for Government work.
ers hinge on a cut in Federal
personnel, Chairman Randolph
OF the House Civil Service Com
mittee last night appealed tc
President Truman to use the re-
organization powers granted
him by Congress and to submit
a plan to reduce waste and con-
fusion in Government.
Although Mr.. Randolph did not
say so specifically in his letter to Mr.
Truman, released last night, he anc
other supporters of the Federal pay
bill feel that swift action by the
President would styme the attempt
of the economy bloc in Congress
who want to tie a reduction-in
force amendment to the pay legis.
lation.
Senate and House conferees on the
legislation have before them the
House passed Dirksen amendment
which asks Government agencies to
absorb the cost of the pay raise By
dismissing 100000 employees. The
General Accounting Office has ruled
that the amendment is unworka BILE
but there is increasing. sentiment
among the confereeS for an amend
ment and the GAO has been asked
to submit workable proposal wher
the conferees meet again on the bill
April 30.
In this letter to President Tru-
man, Mr.. Randolph pointed out that
Congress had granted authority tc
the President to submit plans tc
bring greater efficiency and economy
in Government by reducing the
number of Federal agencies found
to be overlapping in functions, IA
cilitate the orderly transition from
war to peace of Government depart
ments, and coordinate and consoli-
date agencies and departments.
Mr.. Randolph also pointed out
that although this authority was
granted Mr.. Truman last December
no reorganization plan has been
forthcoming. 1t is understood, how
ever, that a presidential plan will
be presented to Congress soon.
Senator Bridges, Republican, OF
New Hampshire, remarked in an in
terview that if the President doesn't
present plan in the next two or
three weeks, there is very little
chance that any reorganization can
be made effective in 1916, and mil
lions of dollars more will be wasted
He added that there has been no
real effort to economic or cut
down."
Mr.. Randolph's letter criticized
provisions of the Dirksen amend
ment, declaring that the provisions
would handicap the functions of
Federal agencies.
Il, therefore, strongly urge that
an immediate recommendation be
made to Congress indicating the re-
organization recommended and the
method to be used so that the pro-
gram may be we'll planned, eco
nomic and orderly" he told Mr.
Truman.
Now that peace has come we
must see that our activities be uni
fled and that Implications in Gov
ernment cease" the letter said
Evening star., 1946-04-21
Navy Plane Evocuoting
100 in Single Flight
BY the Associated Press

SAN FRANCISCO, April 20.-The
Hawaiian Mars will complete the
greatest single-plane air evacuation
flight Monday when it arrives at
Alameda Naval Air Station from
Honolulu with 100 military patients
aboard.
The patients are bound for hos
pitfalls in many sections of the
country. The giant Navy transport
plane also will carry nine medical
attendants and a crew of 10.
Evening star., 1946-04-21

Today's edition of The Sun
day Star contains six principal
sections rather than four as
has been the practice during
the wartime years. The change
has been made with a view
to achieving a better and
more effective presentation of
the news and features which
are regularly offered to Star
readers.
Two A Sections contain the
news-international, national
and local.
B Section contains news Of
Evening star., 1946-04-21

Sports, Finance, Farm and
Garden, Stamps and the Vet
eranS' Guide.
c Section contains the Edi-
torial Page, Editorial Fea lures,
Magazine Features, Books, Art,
Theaters, Music and Radio.
Section D contains Society
news and Women's Clubs.
Section E contains the Clas-
Sifled Advertising.
A Comic Section of 10 pages,
the Rotogravure Section and
This Week Magazine are in
cluded as usual.
Evening star., 1946-04-21
Wyatt Orders
Increase Of 509d
In $500 Homes
Price Under So, 500
Set for Half of
New Houses Here
By Robert J. Lewis

1OuSlllS administrator Wilson
w. Wyatt last night ordered a
50 per cent increase in the num-
Der OF new homes built through
out The country to sell for Sc 500
or less.
Announcing a long awaited for
mula under which priorities will be
issued to complete the Governments
program of 2,700,000 veterans homes
by the end of 1947, Mr.. Wyatt also
decreed that 25 per cent of all pri-
critics should 60 for rental housing.
Allowances made in the order for
hlgh-cost areas, however, will mean
that about half of the District area S
program for April, May and June
will be for houses to sell for from
$500 to the top ceiling of $4,000,
with the remainder to sell for less
than $8,500
OF rental units to be authorized
here, half will have a ceiling of
about S55 month, with the re-
mainder to be available at rentals
up to $50, the National Housing
Agency indicated.
Plan Held Reasonable.
In a statement issued coincident
With announcement of the order, the
National Association of Home
Builders hailed it as "a reasonable
method of assuring construction of
maximum number of houses lin
the lowest price classes possible un-
der existing building conditions"
Under the Wyatt order, the Fed
eral Housing Administration will
set up regional price brackets on
dividing line" formula for each
OF 63 geographical areas throughout
the country in which FILA has field
Offices.
A veterans housing target" will
then be determined for each area,
with FHA field officials apportion-
ing goals to cities and towns within
the areas.
Half of the priorities to be issued
to fulfill each areas goal will be-
Tor houses to sell at prices above
the dividing line" price, with the
remainder going to homes to sell
below that price.
The dividing line is set as the
highest price in the lowest third of
priority applications approved from
January Is to March 20 in any
region.
Define Dividing Lines.
In the District areas case. the
approximate dividing line is ss,5ee,
MIA said. This figure is the same
as Chlcago's and is exceeded only
by that of New York, which is set
at $4,000.
Median prices for other major
cities include New Orleans, s4,5OO;
Atlanta, $500; indianapolis, Sc 500;
Los Angeles, $1,000; Philadelphia,
$500, and Pittsburgh, $4,000.
A similar dividing line will be
determined in each area to serve
as the basis for rental brackets.
In this case. the dividing line will
be the highest rental in the lowest
third of priority applications for
rental housing approved in an area
between January Is and March 29.
Rental Line Set at s55.
The approximate rental dividing
line in the Washington area was
put at S55, which is the same as
that of Chicago. Other median
rentals: New York, S65: New Orleans
$40; Atlanta, $40; Indianapolis, $50;
Los Angeles, $40; Philadelphia, $65,
and Pittsburgh, $50.
In case the dividing line on prices
for houses for sale amounts to more
than $500, or the rental dividing
line is more than $50 in an area.
the order provides for a review by
the national FILA Office before ap-
proval.
Mr.. Wyatt reiterated that his
Evening star., 1946-04-21
La Guardia Preparing
To Divert Grain 5hips
To Aid Famine Areas
Reroutine Is Planned in
Anticipation Of Release
By British Cabinet
BY the kssocioted Pres,

immediate reroutlng OF grain
ships now headed for British
ports to more urgent European
hunger spots was planned last
night by UNRRA Director Gen.
eral La Guardia.
Mr.. La Guardia said a staff of
UNRRA experts was checking the
ships now at sea and planning new
routes in anticipation that the Brit
ish cabinet will release the cargoes
on condition that the grain will be
replaced through the latest Amer
ican procurement program.
Secretary of Agriculture Anderson
on Friday night outlined six meas
ures, including 25 per cent cuts in
the domestic use of -four and wheat
and bonuses to farmers for wheat
and corn, intended to speed up and
increase shipments of food grains
to famine areas.
I'VE will get the available food to
the places where it is urgently
needed" Mr.. La Guardia said in a
statement 1--WE will put it in the
hands of those countries whose pres
ent stocks will not last beyond the
END of this month. We are press
ing for an immediate change in the
destination of the ships"
Poles Nav Use Seed Grain.
Reports of increasingly desperate
conditions in Poland. Yugoslavia
Greece and Italv were received by
Mr.. La Guardia.
| A cable from Warsaw said grain
stocks are so low in Poland that
the government is wrestling with
a decision whether to use seed grain
intended for next years crop for
human consumption now.
UNRRA's Belgrade mission said
that unless 1t received definite in
formation on May food arrivals, "it
Will be necessary to announce to
the Yugoslav press that UNRRA
cannot continue to feed needy areas
at this very critical period and that
starvation is imminent"
The message from Greece said
starvation conditions will exist in
many areas" unless supplies are di-
verted to that country at once. 1t
reported that inhabitants of some
rural areas are living almost en-
tirely on UNRRA rations and that
in one inland village 20 per cent
of the residents are living on roots
and weeds.
Reports from the italian mission
said grain stocks are now sufficient
only to provide rations for week to
10 days.
Argentina Makes Great Effort.
Francis P. Sayre, UNRRA diplo-
matte adviser now in Latin America,
advised Mr.. La Guardia that the Ar
gentine government is doing every
thing possible" to meet UNRRA's re-
quest for second donation of
100000 tons of wheat during the
months Of June, July and August.
UNRRA announced previously that
18 ships are now loading the balance
of Argentinas first contribution, or
will be loading by the end of May.
The Agriculture Department pro-
gram, which becomes effective to-
morrow morning, undertakes these
steps:
Requires millers and food manu-
facturers to cut production of flour
for home consumption to rs per cent
of the amount distributed in the
same months of 1945; restricts mill
ers and food manufacturers to a 81
day supply of wheat after May l.;
offers bonus of 80 cents a bushel to
producers for wheat delivered before
June Is: offers a bonus of 80 cents
a bushel to producers for $4,000 900
bushels of corn; offers to buy an
(Goe MON Dare o.
Evening star., 1946-04-21
Fire Fighter Is Injured
In Cape Cod Woods Blaze
BY the Assoeioted Press

BOSTON, April 2O-A fire fighter
was injured as wind-fanned flames
enveloped Is square miles of scrub
pine in the Cape Cod area tonight,
and Gov. Maurice j. Tobin ordered
woodlands in four counties closed.
State Police headquarters report
ed the major fire area was located
9 miles southeast of deactivated
Camp Edwards.
The blaze broke out again today
after it apparently had been ex-
tinguished by night of showers.
The fires started Wednesday when
a lumber mill burned.
State Police identified the injured
man as Carl Reidel of Osterville.
Evening star., 1946-04-21

TRENTON, N. j., April 20 (R.-
Fires ragged through 10000 acres of
New Jersey forests today in what
State Fire Warden William j.
Seidel termed "the worst day in
two years. Twenty eight fires
were reported in II of the States
81 counties.
Evening star., 1946-04-21

Radio Programs, Pg. C-8
Complete Index, Pe. Az
Evening star., 1946-04-21

(See EASTER, Page A-4)
Evening star., 1946-04-21

(See EDITORS, Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1946-04-21
Six Sections in SUNDAY Star

(See FOOD, Page A-2.)
Evening star., 1946-04-21

See MANCHURIA, Page e
Evening star., 1946-04-21

(See SPACE, Page A-1OD
The Nome nugget., 1946-01-02
Emperor HihohitO Says He Is Not "Divine"

TOKYO, Jan. 2-(P)-Emperor Hirohito, in surprise renuncia- tion of the myth that he was di-, Vine, started t..e New Year with bold gamble to hold his position before anticipated fresh interna- tional attacks. His unprecedented New Years Day rescript also drowned upon radical tendencies is an evident play for the peoples support against the Jap Commun- ists, who advocate his overthrow.
 The document further stung the government lightly, but definitely, for dilatoriness in solving the problems of livelihood, in that it indicated the Emperor's continued interest in political affairs.
 General Macarthur promptly applauded the unusually straight forward rescript, and said it pro pelled Hirohito into a Heading part in the democratization of his people,"
The Nome nugget., 1946-01-02
Kaltembrunner War Crimes
 Trial Begins

NEURNBERG, Jen. 2-(P)-The international military tribunal heard testimony about Ernst Kal- tembrunner, former head of the Gestapo who personally ordered the execution of twelve to fifteen Americans including (F) war cor respondent Joseph Morton. Mor- ton and group of members of the office of strategic services was captured late in 1944, far behind the German lines in Slovakia. They were put to death without a trial
 The elongated Kaltembrunner was absent from court as the case against him personally was start ed. He is recovering from a cran- ial hemorrhage.
 American prosecutors put in the records of the war crimes trial of Kaltenbrunner and twenty other ranking Nazis, the affidavit of Adolph Butter, adjustant at Maut- hausen murder camp, telling how the Americans were brought in from Slovakia.
 An earlier affidavit said that Kaltenbrunner personally visited the Mauthausen camp and watch
The Nome nugget., 1946-01-02
Truman All Set For Fight With
 Balky Congress

WASHINGTON, Jan. Q R- President Truman returned to Washington from a cruise on the Potomac, ready to carry his fight for his legislative program direct to the people, both by radio and television.
 The Presidential yacht Will liamsburg, docked here this morn ing. President Truman will speak at 400 p.m., Nome time, tomor- row on all radio networks. This is the first straight national ap- peal to knock loose in la46 the chucks balky Congre plased in 1945 under his twenty-one point legislative wagon.
 On January IS, he will go be- fore Congress in person to deliver the first televised Presidential message. It is expected to be an elaboration of his Thursday night speech, which White House aides described as an overall report to the nation"
The Nome nugget., 1946-01-02
Girl With Two Heads Is Born

BIRMINGHAM, England, Jan. 2 P-A girl with two heads was born yesterday to the wife of an American soldier, officials of Selly Oak hospital said. The doctor who examined the baby said she had a very slight chance of living. He said the infant apparently had two sets of respiratory organs and two heads breathing at different rates. The hospital said both of the child's heads were perfect and were attached by twin necks to normal shoulders. The body of the father was returned to the United States last July.
The Nome nugget., 1946-01-02
STRIKES INCREASING
NEWS IN BRIEF

K WASHINGTON, Jan. Q R-
 Ac Supreme Court set aside the ssSnViction of three members of ssse fundamentals" cut who are
 arged with violating the Lind hgsrgh Kidnapping act. Thirty-two saen and women were convicted in T@deral court in Salt Lake City s2r transporting a girl of fourteen Erom Utah to Mexico to become she polygamous wife of one of the s3 ,n, William Chitwin, 68. The de- .S sion was eight to nothing. Justice @ackson didn't take part. Justice Murphy said the purpose of the 5sndbergh act was to outlaw in SA~state kidnapings rather than seneral transgressions of immoral Sty involving the crossing of state lines"
The Nome nugget., 1946-01-02

NEW YORK, Jan. 2-(P)-Wil- s'am O'Dwyer, 55, native of Ire 'ssnd, was inaugurated Mayor of New York City, to which he came ssith twenty-five dollars in his rtckets in 1910, and whose streets ~ once pounded as a cop. Three acm Fiorello LaGuardia, didn't q k reelection. O'Dwyer formally Apk responsibility of the twenty i've thousand dollar a year job. .sne ceremonies were held in the
 n4yor's flower-decked office in t.ie City Hall.
The Nome nugget., 1946-01-02
100000 Packers Vote To Strike

CHICAGO, Jan. 2-(P)-A na- tionwide strike of approximately two hundred thousand members of the CIO United Packing House, Workers of America is called for January IS, Lewis Clark, union president, announced
 He said not only the large pack CTS, Swift, Armour, Wilson and Cudahy, but also "most of the smaller independent p king plants" would be affected in the strike, which involves one hun dred forty-seven plants across the nation.
 The strike is being called, Clark said, in support of the unions de mand for a twenty-five cent an hour wage increase. He said the, overall average hourly wage in the industry now is eighty-seven cents an hour.
The Nome nugget., 1946-01-02
Enterprise To Bring Stranded Troops Home

NEW YORK, Jan. 2-(P)-The carrier Enterprise left for the Azores to pick up the American troops stranded there when the transport Athos, bringing the men home, was forced to put into port for repairs. Lloyds of London, re- ported that thirty of the troops were injured severely aboard the ship when it was damaged by a hurricane in mid-Atlantic.
The Nome nugget., 1946-01-02

< SAN DIEGO, Jan. 2-(P)-Five Hndies, burned beyond recognition ayare found in the wreckage of a Fwin-engined Cessna private trans port plane on hillside near Lake Hodges, north of here, by ground search party. The plane was pilot ga by Robert Baer, of LaJolla, and
 disappeared in a flight from Fl fnso to San Diego. It was last re- z prted attempting to land at Lind sNrrgh Field, here, in a storm on fe night of Dec. 21.
The Nome nugget., 1946-01-02

2 DUGWAY, Utah, Jan. 2-(P)- 'ne Public Relations officer of He Army proving grounds here
 id three soldiers had been found lead from denatured alcohol poi nning in their barracks. It. Theo- are Pimper, base public relations slficer said the men apparently stained the alcohol from clean
 1s stocks at the base and decided
 have a New Years paryt.
The Nome nugget., 1946-01-02
REQUIEM MASS HELD FOR LAMBERT voss

Requiem Mass was held this morning at nine o'clock in the Catholic Church for Lambert Voss, who died last Saturday morning, at the age of 78 years.