davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-10-22
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

A fourth question is What will be
the strength of the CIO and its PAC in
the coming election" This Is the organ
ization which virtually took over the
Democratic organization in some States
two years ago and was responsible for
the campaign. From Washington and
California east, it appears that the CIO
leaders aresnot as confident as they were
formerly in their political prognostica-
tions. Briefly the reasons for this are
the cooling of of the rank and
file members toward the adminisS
tration in Washington; the fact that the
great concentrations of labor in war
plants has vanished and the workers are
dispersed over wide areas and not so
easily reached; and the unpopularity of
the CIO with many voters because of
the many strikes which have halted pro-
duction and peacetime reconversion.
The only answer which seems capable
of standing up at this time is that the
CIO will be by no means as effective
politically as it has been in the past.
= 4 \
One factor in the political situation
which hits you in the eye is crossing
over Of party lines to support individual
candidates. Notable cases are found in
Democratic support for Senator VAN
denberg, Republican, OF Michigan. and
Gov. Earl Warren of California, Repub-
lican both of whom are running for re-
election. Nothing, Democratic leaders
mere admit, could prevent the reelection
Of Senator Vandenberg except sudden
death. The Republicans assert Senator
Vandenberg's plurality on November S
will be tremendous. Gov. Warren is al
ready "in," since he won both the Demo-
cratic and Republican nominations in
his State. Incidentally. the only candi-
dates for Senator and Governor who are
today attacking Messrs. Vandenberg and
Warren are running on the Communist
ticket.
This great popularity, in their own
States, of Gov. Warren and Senator
Vandenberg is responsible for an in
creasing discussion of their potential
strength and desirabilty for the Repub-
lican presidential nomination in 1913.
Both insist they are not candidates. Re-
publicans here, in Mr.. Vandenberg's own
home CITY, speak constantly of the
growth" of the Senator in the last six
years They believe that he has won an
outstanding place through his consistent
support of the United Nations and his
demand that every possible step be taken
to safeguard the world from another
war.
Democrats as well as Republicans in
Michigan comment on the fact that
after former Commerce Secretary Henry
A. Wallace has agreed to come into the
State to make speeches for the Demo-
cratic candidates, his speaking engage
ments were Cancelled. nl-health was
given as the reason. But it is generally
believed that an appearance of Mr.. WAL
lace would merely have served to in
crease the division in the Democratic
party and to increase Vandenberg sup
port
Evening star., 1946-10-22
Anesthesiu

The Library OF Congress Is observ-
ing the centennial of the discovery
of surgical anesthesia by staging an
exhibition of books, manuscripts
and other materials relating to the
age-old endeavor to conquer pain.
Humanity, it seems, was still COM
paratively recent phenomenon in
the world when men first attempted
to ease their own and their fellows
suffering. Skeletons found iii pre-
historic deposits in the Mediter-
ranean area and in Mexico and
Central America allegedly bear evil
dence of operations which had been
survived for many years. While
such surgery undoubtedly was done
on occasion while the patients were
conscious, there is reason to be-
lieve that soporific drugs OF different
varieties may have been employed
long before written records were
kept.
But anesthesia in the modern
meaning Of the word is a relatively
new development The sponsors OF
the Library of Congress display
claim for the United States the
honor of having achieved the long
sought goal Of made-to-order "ab-
sence of feeling" There is bitter
controversy, however, as to the
identity OF the original "discoverer.
Ether admittedly was first used
publicly as an anesthetic on october
16, 1846, by DR.. William T. G. Morton,
a dentist, who put a young man to
sleep in the operating amphitheater
OF the Massachusetts, General Hospi-
tai while DR.. John C. Warren, sur
geon, removed q tumor from the
patients neck" On the other hand,
"Dr. Crawford w. Long Of Georgia
was the first person to use ether
deliberately to deaden pain in 3
surgical operation-he performed
his first operation with the use OF
ether on March so. 1912. but did not
publish his result until 1S48." The
Library of Congress officers also give
credit to Horace Wells, dentist in
Hartford, Connecticut, who, in 1874,
used nitrous oxide in pulling
Evening star., 1946-10-22

LOS ANGELES, Oct. 22.-Is third
world war inevitable?
That question Is being asked just as
often and just as anxiously here in Cali
fornia rs it is In New York. 1t is being
asked just as often and just as anxiously
all across the country.
And, of course, it is being asked even
more anxiously in Europe, where people
know from personal experience what
war means to those who live in its path.
There are some people, both in this
country and in Europe, who are coming
to fatalistic acceptance Of the 1nevi-
liability Of another war. The Secretary
of State, who on Friday evening deliv-
cred the ablest and bluntest address on
American foreign policy which he has
yet made, laid grim emphasis on the
dangers Of such acceptance OF despair.
He pointed out how this belief ham,
pered the building of secure peace. He
pointed out how it poisoned the very
well-springs of that confidence between
peoples from which alone secure and
lasting peace can be derived. In partic-
ular, he expressed the fear that "the
failure or inability Of the Soviet leaders
to rid themselves of that belief lies at
the very root of our dif1culties."
These are words to be noted carefully
especially the alternate phrase failure
or inability" One who is unable to rid
himself of belief is helpless victim
to it if it is an error. But to say that
one fails to rid himself of an erroneous
belief is to imply that he could do SO
if he would only face the facts.
u +
This in turn raises the question OF
whether all the Russian clamor about
our military program-the whole WAL
lace thesis that the Russians cannot
trust us because we are threatening
them with warlike preparations-has
any valid foundation. Are these Rus
sian andeties put forward In good
faith? Or are they merely cards which
the poker players of the Kremlin are
using in = game whose stake Is their
own maximum advantage?
Evening star., 1946-10-22
This Changing World
Bv Constantine Bro,On

thing as Gallup poll" Ofdcials in
cities. towns and villages who are in
close touch with the people themselves
reported that the overwhelming ma
jority OF peasants and city dwellers
would prefer to go down fighting than
become a Soviet satellite. Turkey is one
of the few countries in the world where
there is no Communist fifth column.
As result of this careful investiga-
.tion the Turkish government decided
to take big chance and refuse the
Soviet demands for bilateral negotia-
tions, which, In fact, meant surrendering
the country to the Slav bloc.
Early this month II Soviet divisions
which had been spotted in Central and
Eastern Europe disappeared" from the
areas where they had been identified.
After diligent investigation, it appears
that some have been transferred to
Southeastern Europe, while some have
been spotted in Macedonia, and others
in Eastern Bulgaria
Although no positive identif1cations
have yet been made, the Turks, who
probably have better means than the
western powers of finding out what Is
going on in that part of the world, be-
llCFC tIldC tIlCIC ID QulCI but CoAI1AiuCu
concentration of Red forces ON the Bull
garian- Turkish border Whether this
concentration is the result of planned
war of nerves intended to soften the
Ankara government or whether the Rus
slams intend to solve the straits issue by
force is a matter which no one can an
sWer at this time.
The Turks do not intend, however to
take any chances. They have taken a
definite stand in their demand for an
international conference to settle the
question Of the Dardanelles and are
supported in it by the western powers.
But if the Russians want to force the
issue Turkeys prepared to meet any on
slaught and resist an aggression long
enough to allow the U. N. to intervene.
The Turkish request for arms and
other military supplies is expected to
be acceded to by the United States and
Great Britain on the ground that they
are thus strengthening the defensive
power of q member of the United Ma
tons.
Evening star., 1946-10-22
Mr.. MoIotov's Statement

AS far as words 60 at least. For
eign Minister Molotov-apparently
in high spirits himself-has struck
an encouraging note on the eve of
the United Nations General Assem-
bly, meeting in New York. Speaking
in cordial tones. he has gone on
record rs being "sure" that present
international difficulties can be
overcome with good will and mutual
understanding. In addition, he has
promised that Russia will do its part
In making q success of the work of
both the Assembly and the Council
Of Foreign Ministers in "the inter-
ests of strengthening peace and the
well-being of peoples, great and
small"
Words are one thing, of course,
and deeds another. But what makes
this statement particularly interest
ing. If not significant, is that Mr..
Molotov probably knew all about
the Byrnes-Vandenberg weekend
speeches before issuing it. He must
have known that the speeches were
an indirect appeal to Russia to put
an end to its false and misleading
propaganda" against us; to refrain
from using its veto to delay the re-
turn of peace and stymie economic
reconstruction: to stop unilateral
moves to disturb the rights of other
countries by threats, pressures or
force; to take our word for it that
our motives are honest. and to work
with us and the other United Ma
tions in a sincere effort to reconcile
differences in a live-and-let-live,
give-and-take spirit.
This is about all that Russia needs
to do to make good its promise to
contribute its full share to making
4 success of the work of both the
General Assembly and the Council
of Foreign Ministers in "the interests
OF strengthening peace and the we'll
being of peoples, great and small"
The, test will come when the As
sembly debates begin and when the
Council-with the paralyzing veto
available - takes final action on
what the recent Paris Conference
recommended on issues like Trieste
and the freedom Of the Danube.
Until then, we can only hope that
Mr.. Molotov's statement is more
meaningful on the bright side than
4 mere diplomatic pleasantly.
Evening star., 1946-10-22

The Turkish government last week
submitted to the American and British
governments lengthy list Of war ma
terial and other supplies needed to i'm
prove the efficiency Of the Turkish
Army. This list is now receiving con-
sideration in the proper quarters in
washington and London.
Some high-ranking American officials
take the attitude that Turkey harbors no
aggressive intentions toward any Of her
neighbors and that the Ankara govern
ment is justified in fearing an outside
aggression. Turkey is q member in
good standing Of the United Nations.
having fulfilled her obligations and
shown that she desires to live In peace
so long rs nobody wants to wrest parts
of her territories which have been in
her possession for centuries.
The American and British general
stalls are aware that the Turkish army,
while well organized, disciplined and
ready to fulfill the role any democratic
army should in the case of national
emergency, lacks modern equipment
with which to face an aggressor.
turkeys planes are Out VI udtc. Ndoo1
of her fighter and interceptor planes
are of the 1942 brand-which means
that they are too slow for successful
defense.
Turkey also lacks modern tanks and
especially trucks and other motorized
transportation. She also desperately
needs rails to improve her railway
system.
American and British observers con-
slider the Turkish general staff to be out
standing 1t approaches the problems
of national defense with realism. The
Turkish high command Is aware that
in the event of an aggression it's armed
forces could make a good showing for
q limited time.
Before answering the last Russian
note to Ankara demanding that the
question of the Dardanelles be settled
by direct negotiation between the Black
Sea powers-with other signatories of
the Montreaux agreements excluded
the Turkish government was able to
ascertain the feeling Of the rank and
file of the nation. There was no such
Evening star., 1946-10-22

GRAND RAPIDS, Mich, Oct. 22.-As
the congressional campaign Of 1916 goes
into the final days, the impression grows
that the Republican Party will elect
majority Of the House in the new Con-
grcss, and that its chances for gaining
control of the Senate are brighter-al-
though it Is clear that real Republican
sweep must materialize, with the Repub-
icans getting all the breaks, ii the latter
Is to become an accomplished fact. In a
swing from Wisconsin to the States OF
Washington and California and back to
Michigan this writer has become in
creasingly impressed with reports of Re
publican strength and Democratic dis
unity.
There remain, however, to be answered
4 number of important questions, and
until election day the answers will not
be definite and convincing. One of these
is the greatly increased registration Of
voters-potential voters-in many areas.
In this State of Michigan, for example.
the registration in Grand Rapids has in
creased from about 1000 in 1914 to
$4,000, although there is no presidential
contest Wayne County Detroit-has a
registration that reaches zoe, ,00O Demo-
Gratis hope that this means great out
pouring Of the mass Of voters who helped
elect the late President Roosevelt two
years ago. The Republicans. for their
part, hope 1t means an increased vote by
those citizens who are dissatisfied with
Democratic rule, State and national.
This increased registration seems to
give the lie to those political leaders who
have been saying for weeks that the
campaign is apathetic and the people
uninterested.
Another still unanswered question is
what the effect of the backing and filling
of the administration on meat control
and the OPA generally will have on the
voters. Now that the controls on meat
have been lifted, and the OPA seems to
be on the way out, will the voters COM
Mend or blame the Republicans? Demo-
Gratis claim that the public will view the
forced lifting Of meat controls rs a vic
tory for "the interests" rs against the
common man, for the meat producers
and packers in this case. The Repub-
licans hope that the increases in meat
supplies and in other commodities grow
ing out of the lessening of controls will
be an asset to the GOP-and they de-
voutly hope that prices of meat and
other things will not bring a wave Of
Democratic votes.
No one knows with any degree Of ex-
actness the drift of veteran voters. Their
return to civil life has been responsible
in some part for increases In registration
OF voters. There has been no indication,
however. whether this group Of voters.
who in 1914 gave great preponderance
OF their votes to President Roosevelt, will
again vote Democratic. The veterans,
like other groups and perhaps to an even
greater degree. are disgruntled because
they cannot get what they want. es-
pecially housing.
Evening star., 1946-10-22
Berlin Votes for the West

The Berlin municipal electl0nS
have resulted in q singing rebuke
to the Russian sponsored and en-
gineered Social Unity" Party. which
ran a poor third in 4 four-party
race, the other contestants being the
Social Democrats, Christian Demo-
Gratis and Liberal Democrats-the
Social Democrats taking the lead
and the Liberal Democrats coming
in at the tail end.
In order to appreciate the full
significance of this election, certain
things should be understood. First,
the huge though half-ruined me-
tropolis of the former Third Reich
Is divided into four occupation zones
between the American, British,
French and Russians, who respec-
lively exercise wide local authority,
modified only by broad directives
attained through unanimous agree
ment of the Joint High Command.
While electoral initiative of all par
ties has been permitted by the three
western powers, the Russians have
applied variety of political pres
sures to insure the dominance of the
Social Unity Party, originally formed
by the forced union of the Social
Democrats with the German Com
munists. Indeed, the Social Demo-
cratic Party was banned as an or
eanization from the Russian zone,
while the Social Unity Party was
allowed to distribute favors to the
voters In the shape of food, ciga-
rettes and other priced luxuries.
Nevertheless, even in the Russian
zone, the Social Unity Party did not
win a plurality In the election re-
turns, while in the other zones it was
q flop. Over Berlin as whole,
It's vote will aggregate less than 20
per cent. This means that the new
City Council will not be dominated
by the Communists, albeit their
showing, under the system of pro-
portional representation, will be
somewhat larger than their overall
percentage would entitle them to.
The Berliners took this election
very seriously, more than IS per cent
Of the registered voters numbering
100000 having gone to the polls.
Another interesting feature is that
fully so per cent OF the voters are
swomen.
That the people of Berlin, deep in
the Russian zone and exposed SO
heavily to Russian pressure, should
have voted in a way so displeasing
TO Moscow, thereby risking Soviet
reprisals in the Russian zone and
even elsewhere if Moscow should
ever dominate the entire German
scene, Is of deep significance. I'm
questionably the Berlin voters were
encouraged to their emphatic re-
pudiation of Communism by the
equally emphatic statements Of Sec
retary Byrnes that America is not
toing to quit Germany but will COM
Evening star., 1946-10-22
Cheap Politics

II the So-called veterans senate"
episode in New York was designed to
bring political embarrassment to
Governor Dewey. which probably
was the case, 1t has backflred on its
sponsors.
Governor Dewey acquitted himself
well. He refused to be stampeded into
taking punitive measures against
the group of veterans who seized
and held possession of the State
Senate chamber. Instead he invited
them to his Office and offered a rea-
sonable explanation of the States
housing shortage. which had con-
stituted the ostensible basis for the
demonstration. UnQuestionably 1t is
the veterans. and not the Cover
nor, who stand discredited by the
incident.
These demonstrators, some seventy
in number, had gone to Albany in
Elaboration with a larger group
from left-wing CIO unions in New
York City. Whether the scheme to
seize the Senate chamber was
Matched by the veterans themselves
or by their labor-politican associ-
ates is not clear. and is not especially
important. The significant fact is
that the veterans became parties to
q cheap political stunt. A few years
ago it might have been effective, but
as of today. happily. most Americans
have achieved a political maturity
which enables them to see the shod-
diness of such undertakings.
1t is gratifying that a national
spokesman for the American Vet
Grams Committee. with which most
of the demonstrators claimed aff1lia-
ton. has seen fit to repudiate the
incident as "a political stunt" Some
good may come of the experience
if 1t serves to open the eyes of vet
Grams to the fact that there are
plenty of people in this country who
are ready and willing to use them
to further their own ends.
Evening star., 1946-10-22

teeth" But after thus acknowledg-
ing the contentious put forward by
partisans Of all the rivals, they
declare: "It was DR.. Morton who
ultimately used ether successfully
for surgery In the clinic Of DR.. War
rem in 1846."
Visitors to the exhibition may
Judge for themselves whether that
verdict is reasonable, logical and
sound. ...
Evening star., 1946-10-22
Thumbs Down on COS

To the Editor Of The Star:
Some good people again are concern
ing themselves about conscientious OBJ
jectors." Those young men, their skins
whole, want freedom, now that the firing
has ceased and the men who died in
their defense occupy the graves.
Probably they should be released from
custody, but to restore civil rights to
such persons would be sratuitous in
suit to the thousands of men who died Or
who now painfully are readjusting them
selves under heavy handicaps.
Any ahle-bodied man who will not
fight for the protection Of his country
is unfit for citizenship
EDWARD II. DE GROOT. Jr.
Evening star., 1946-10-22

plete the reconstructive task 1t has
undertaken. They have therefore
expressed their preference for the
western way of life as against totali-
tartan Communism in unmistakable
IA shton
Evening star., 1946-10-22

A strange case was recently re-
ported, of turtle with no shell.
There is no excuse for Nature to
emulate man and carry the housing
shortage that far.
Evening star., 1946-07-02

special press conference yesterday
at which the committee released a.
statement calling on Congress TO.
enact legislation" ex-.
tending price and rent controls in
effect on June 80. .
The resolution went on to state
that "at the earliest possible date"
Congress should adopt IAN effective
price control law for the difficult
months ahead"
Denounce Vetoed Bill.
The delegates adopted a resolu-
ton which denounced the OPA bill
which President Truman vetoed as,
"a measure which would have pre-,
vented effective price control" Presi-
dent Truman's veto cleared the
air." the resolution declared.
Details of Thursdays parade have
not been completed. but Mr.. zagoria
said he hoped it would be a big, i'm
pressive affair"
Among the groups represented at
the meeting were a number of CIO
unions, the Brotherhood of Railroad
Trainmen, the American Veterans
Committee, the FDR Post of the
American Legion (provisionaD, the
Union for Democratic Action, the
League of Women Shoppers and the
American Association of University
pr0feSSorS
Evening star., 1946-07-02
Profits
Continued From First Page.)

day he never would have done
business" with Henry and Murray
Carson if he had known about their
backgrounds.
The Carson brothers were identi-
fed by evidence as two of the direc-
tors of the Erie Basin Metal Prod
ucts, Inc, of Elgin, ILL.,, one of the
19 closely linked Illinois concerns.
Awarded $4,000, 900 Contract.
Senator Mead has contended that
the Erie corporation was awarded an
initial contract for $4,000, 900 by the
Chemical Warfare Service before 1t
legally existed and despite the fact
that 1t never had more than 80 or
40 employees of It's own.
Committee Counsel George Meader
yesterday introduced records pur-
porting to show that Murray Cars
son twice went through bankruptcy
proceedings and that his brother
was discharged as Federal revenue
agent in connection with a case in
which he was acquitted of extortion,
The Erie corporation is one of 1s
which received total Of $7s,O41 .10l
IN war contracts. Gen. English en-
phasized In his testimony that Eries
Evening star., 1946-07-02

production record, as far as Chem
ical Warfare Service was concerned,
had been good.
Mr.. Meader had Gen. English read
into the record an FBI report on
Murray Carson, a native of Eng
land, which related that he had
taken a personal hand in attempt
ing to solve the Lindbergh kidnap-
ing. The report said that the FBI
received information that Carson
was connected with Dutch Schultz
in purchasing a brewery in New
York.
While Senators Meade and Fer
guson, Republican, of Michigan
maintained that the Chemical War
fare Service had not adequately in
vestigated the Erie corporation be-
fore awarding it contract, Gen.
English insisted he would not have
done business with them" if he had
known their records.
But as the criticism grew sharp,
Gen. English flushed and thumped
his fist on the table to protest: II
was fighting war. I was trying to
get shells"