davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-10-15
This Changing World
By Consfanfine Broscn

war. World War II became inevitable
when German statesmen decided that
Eaziism and democracy could not exist
together. From that point on. prewar
diplomacy became simply jockeying
for position offensive for Germany, de-
fensive for the rest of the world-and
series of maneuvers by Germany to
select the best time and place for strik-
ing the blow which she hoped would
give her victory.
If Prime Minister Stain really be-
lieves conflict between Russia and her
democracies on the other is bound to
come, then everything Russia does
henceforth must be regarded IN the
light Of strategic and tactical necessity,
and all Russia's acts must be countered
as II they were preparations for war.
Undoubtedly there are elements in
this country and in Britain which have
given up hope-or nearly so-for avoid
ing war with Russia. Some-foolishly
--may even desire war with Russia in
order to dispense now-before Russia
revives completely--with the universal
peril Of communism. But certainly it
is not the policy Of this Government to
conduct itself in It's international deal
ings on that basis.
American diplomacy. while maintain
ing firm stand against Russian expan-
sionism, has not proceeded on the thesis
that war with Russia is inevitable. To
say that we are following "get-tough-
with Russia" policy is incorrect, for such
a phrase implies provocation and far
from provoking Russia it is all we can
do to resist her provocations at the
many points they occur.
American diplomacy has proceeded
however, on the basis that it is possible
for communism and capitalism to CO.
exist-if communism abandons its ex-
pansionismv and is satisfied to pursue its
aims of richer and better life for its
people within its own borders.
The real intentions of the Soviet
Union will become more apparent in the
next few weeks as the U. N. Assembly
gets under way and the Big Four Foreign
Ministers resume their meetings on
the peace treaties. Russian Foreign
Minister Molotov has been to Moscow
and his deputy Andref Vishinsky, also
has been called there for conferences.
They will arrive in New York with clear
cut instructions of Russia S line Of policy.
Evening star., 1946-10-15
Textbook Shortage

Local students are not the only
ones affected by the textbook short
age. Lines Of high school and col
lege students have formed this fall
outside book stores in many cities
and towns throughout the country,
just as they have in Washington,
and many have gone away empty
handed. just as they have here. So
severe has the shortage become that
educators are appealing to the pub
fishing industry to do something
about affording relief.
There is nothing that the text
book publishers can do about the
situation right now, however &C
cording to the American Textbook
Publishers Institute, which is just
as worried about the problem as the
students and teachers. The institute
declares that two factors are chiefly
to blame for the crisis. The first is
the abnormal demand for books as
q result of ecord-breaking enroll
ments attributable to the GI educa
tional benefits program. The second
Is the even more serious factor of
the continuing paper shortage.
Euring the last war year the in
dustry produced more than 10000
900 textbooks, despite the wartime
paper scarcity This total was ade-
qNate to meet the needs of the Ma
tion's colleges and schools. Now,
however, it is estimated that ap-
proximately 100000 textbooks are
needed for the 1946-47 school year,
whereas only 13,50O,000 books are
available. During the war years the
paper shortage precluded the build
Evening star., 1946-10-15
British War Plans
By Georse Fielding Eliot

Britain alone is not strong enough to
offer q risk which would be preventive
But it is submitted that no military
plan today can have much appeal to
the British people or the American
people unless it is directed toward pre-
venting war from ever beginning
rather than winning one after 1t has
started.
!. Apply this principle to the defense OF
the Middle East. Admittedly this is an
area which is intrinsically weak, but
whose possession offers such overpower-
ing strategic advantage to any expand
ing continental empire that its very
weakness Is an almost irresistible temp
tation. If it is to be defended, it must
be defended by those whose security
would be hopelessly compromised if it
were to fall into the hands of such an
expanding empire-that is, Britain and
the United States. II the United States
remains Indifferent, or hesitant, and II
British strength is adequate to nothing
more than q distant defense from East
Africa. the risk may seem in some fu-
ture hour OF calculation to be more
than overbalanced by the advantages
of aggressive action.
But II the OultcQ StdtcS AS We'll 30
Britain is actively present in the Mid
die East, even though its strength there
may not be very great at any given mo-
ment, the whole calculation OF risk
against advantage becomes Of very
different nature If it Is clear that ag-
gression in the Middle East means i'm
mediate war with America and Britain,
there will be no aggression.
g. ~ + y
But to make the position clear, sonle-
thing more than mere gestures is re-
quired. The actual physical presence OF
American power in the Middle East Is
necessary, supported by an active inter
est in the affairs of that region.
what is required for the security Of
the Middle East is not British schemes
for defending it from Africa, but the
presence there Of the United States as
the outward and visible sign Of deter
mination that the key of the world
island shall not be seized by the first
outstretched hand, but shall rather be
q peaceful home for its inhabitants and
q peaceful highway for those who pass
!. to and fro, by sea or air, upon their law
full occahons :
topsVrishs. 1s4el
Evening star., 1946-10-15

1t is not pleasant to learn from Lon-
don news dispatches that the British
government is considering 4 shift OF
its principal Middle East defense centerS
to East Africa.
1t is not pleasant, because such =
move can only mean that in high Brit
ish oiIicial quarters there is growing
lear that should this vital region be
menaced by aggression, once again the
United States cannot be depended on
for timely action.
To plan the defense Of the keystone
area of the worlds greatest land mass
from SO distant position rs East Africa
can only mean that forward bases in
the Middle East itself, il maintained at
all, are to be lightly held, and that all
hopes are to be centered on the possi-'
bility Of making an offensive return,
in the fullness of time, from distant
East African strongholds.
II the Middle East were actually to be
attacked by q continental power-and
Russia Is the only power now in 3
position to attack that area--the scheme
Of distant defense might have some
merit. It would be extremely dimcult
for Britain to hold bases In Palestine,
for example, or in Iraq, against full
scale Russian advance from the Cau-
casus, sweeping southwark.
But surely the eventual recovery Of
the Middle East from Russia after an
exi1adsting war is not the lodestar. of
British hopes, or American hopes
either. II this Is the best we can do.
scarcely 4 year after the, signature of
the United Nations Charter, the world
is in . sorry state. indeed. Naturally
military staffs must make their plans
in . world In which there is as yet no
established and reliable security by
common agreement; but 1t Is hard to
think that the British would be making
such plan as this, involving the aban-
donment at the outset OF positions for
whose defense they actually endan-
gered the safety Of their own islands
in 1910, il they had real faith in the
immediate and vigorous support Of the
United States.
The trouble with the proposed British
plan is that it offers little deterrent to
any Russian leader who might be bent
on seizing the Middle East by force. It
Ii not preventive plan, simply because
Evening star., 1946-10-15
Fruit Stand

Sps,l,ns from aingy freight esrs isss
gr0y
Streets of a city, rainbosDs slosc todsy-
Pnrple-blnck grapes, sHd SraTes ~
shad0s0-grees:: ~.
PeacIes and apricots Piled gold betsnees
The hearty reds OF apples; .durklsrg bhte
OF pelpet slanss, aHd yellosCs pdlsst Safs
IN the henped moons 81 Sr6pet,1stt.
Shoppers stand s.ss
Sensing the beauty, holding IN tks. hsS1
More than the rounded ssceetness sGch
can see,
And mindful, somewhere, u . sisgis
A truit tree child climbed, or Srcsrssd
in shade
OF summer -somnolsmcs ITS brsmchss
laid
Somewhere Q tree each one knsss long
ago,
Back Of all fruit that he shsn svsv
knotp.
noRoTHY BRoWN THOMPSON.
Evening star., 1946-10-15

As the Peace Conference winds up
today in Paris 1t Is evident that it has
contributed nothing TO the effort to
resolve differences between the East and
the West.
AS q matter OF fact, the breach be-
tween the two parts Of the world-Com-
munist and on-Communist-is even
deeper and more distinct than ever
before. Nearly everything that was done
At Paris followed 4 strictly theological
pattern, with Russia and her bloc lining
up on one side and the eWestern democ-
racies and their bloc on the other.
The exception to this rule occurred on
those votes where Big Four Foreign
Ministers agreement was at stake and
Russia stood by her Big Four commit
ments Just as she had bargained for
the United States and Great Britain to
do.
Russia's failure to bolt Big Four de-
cisions is not as significant rs might
appear ut first sight. The Paris con-
ference, being purely advisory, was un-
able to settle anything finally Russia
still has a crack at some parts of all the
five treaties in the Council of Foreign
Ministers, which will be meeting in New
the United Nations Assembly session.
And after the Foreign Ministers are
through with them. the U. N. will provide
still another occasion for reversal of
anything that has been done at Paris.
But the Peace Conference at Paris
was only the most recent and most ap-
parent example OF the crystallization
and hardening OF feelings within both
Eastern and Western blocs. There is
plenty of other evidence. some of it
undeniable, some of it hearsay.
Among the latter is the French press
report that Secretary Of Commerce
Hartman told group Of military and
State Department ofncers at the War
College last Thursday that Prime Mini
ster Stain Is convinced that Communist
and capitalist systems cannot exist side
by side in the world and ultimately will
clash, and that he himself is so con-
vinced He has denied the accuracy Of
the statement but refused to correct it.
How far Mr.. Hartman went is not
known, but If such a conclusion does
exist in the minds of Russias statesmen
and there is plenty Of reason to believe
that ii does-we would have condition
which leads straight to only one thing
Evening star., 1946-10-15
Confession of Failure

1t Is natural that the President,
forced by political and economic
considerations to confess the failure
of his administrations pricescontrol
program, should seek to lay the
blame on his political opponents.
But this, as an analysis of what has
been happening in this country, is
pitiably thin.
1t is true that few men" in
Congress, If by this Mr.. Truman
means a bipartisan majority, re-
fused to pass the kind of price con-
troll bill that the President wanted
1t is far-fetched, however, to con-
tend, as Mr.. Truman does, that
responsibility for the failure of price
control rests squarely on the
Congress
Price-control has failed because
the administration sought to carry
over into peacetime a necessary
wartime venture in managed econ
omy. The effort was substantially
successful during the war. But that
success was attributable to several
factors that are now missing-public
support as a patriotic duty, more
stringent controls, rationing, etc. In
the past peacetime year public
resistance to controls has been
steadily rising. President Truman
personally took the lead in all but
nullifying wage controls and in re
laxing other stabilizing measures.
On July Is he signed a revived price
bill which he knew to be inadequate.
Yet Mr.. Truman, with persistence
greater than his wisdom, has clung
to the belief that the country could
muddle through with an economy
that was half free and half managed.
Now the inevitable failure of that
effort is upon us, and it is important
to understand why it has failed. Mr..
Truman implied that the Govern
ment, had 1t been physically feasible
to do SO, would have gone out onto
the farms and the ranges and seized
livestock for slaughter. That Is one
essential aspect of a truly managed
economy Government willing
and able to take from the people
the things that it thinks the coun-
try needs. Another essential aspect
is Government willing and able to
fix wages and compel men to work
where the Government thinks they
should work. A government, if it is
going into the field of managed
economy, has to do all these things
and more. 1t cannot cbnfine its
regulatory efforts to the things that
seem politically expedient and let
nature take its course with respect
to the others. For that leads only
to the state of economic chaos In
which this country now finds itself.
So far, the President still is
dabbling with half-rneasures. The
lifting of all meat controls may
bring more meat to the consumers
In the not-too- distant future. Yet
Secretary of Agriculture Anderson
has warned that any relaxation of
controls which brings livestock pre-
maturely to market now is certain
to result In an even more severe
shortage next year. So the consum-
ing public should not be greatly
surprised if famine later on becomes
the price of feasting now.
In any event, now that the start
has been made, it seems essential to
go the whole way as quickly as pos
sible. The remaining controls, with
the exception only of rents, should
be scrapped and the country given
a chance to work its way out of the
prevailing mess.
Evening star., 1946-10-15
His Lost Chance

From the Manchester Guardian. =
The right choice Of what to do with
atomic power is so plain that reason
cannot mistake it for moment, but
reason too rare has the last word.
Chlorine, the foe Of typhoid, became .
war gas; the science of hight has been
advanced chiefly in the service of de-
struction; while wireless, that means Of
enlightenment, has been used to cor
rupt whole peoples. Tor the good that
I would I do not; but the evil which I
would not, that do" This wise COM
ment on man might soon become his
epitaph unless now ut last he bows to
reaHOn
Evening star., 1946-10-15
Housewives of Americap

Housewives OF Americas
To the EDITOR Of The STAR:
We, the housewives Of Americs, re-
fuse to buy Argentina beef which might
have had hoof and mouth desease
what do you think we are, dogs or
somethingO We refuse to buy Canadian
beef because it would be disloyai to our
fellow industries. The meat producers
do not want higher ceilings. They do
not want highest quotoes. They do not
want higher subsidies They do not
want higher, controlled, prices. They
want release from Government control,
and we, the housewives, are back Of
them to the last woman.
Housewives Of America, Inc,
H. NJ Jaycex, Representative.
Omaha, Nebr.
Evening star., 1946-10-15
But They Probably Viii!

From the et. Louis Post Dispatch:
The bones Of Java giant hah NIL
hon years old have arrived In New York.
The crates, We suppose. being marked
Handle with care. Don't roll dem.
Evening star., 1946-10-15
Letters to The Star
Tribute to an Officer Who Met
the Highest Test Of All

To the Editor Of The star:
On August 10, 1o46, very emaciated,
undernourished, balding and sick AAF
oficer led 10 others Of his crew into \
crowded hospital ward in the Japanese
prison camp in Singapore. All were
suffering from dysentery and beri-beri
and some from varying degrees OF men
tai instability. That officer was the
late Major Edward G. Millar, whose
tragic death was reported in your sun
day issue.
feel 1t my duty to pay him this trib-
ute and to make known what man.
ner of man was this who so valiantly
had defied fate to bow eventually to
the inevitable.
Ed" rs he affectionately was known
to us, was shot down in his B-29 In q
raid over Singapore. Previous to that
he had taken part in satisfying piece
of work, when his flight came over the
harbor In Singapore on q moonlight
night and dropped mines. They came
in at 500 feet with all their lights on.
The japanese were so confounded that
they held their FIRE He and his crew
were held in the dreaded Gestspo Jail,
and Millar himself literally was being
groomed for the kill, when Japan sur-
rendered and the execution put of.
It was my pleasure to look after
United States personnel in the hospit-
al, and Millar and his boys" came to
my ward The relief consequent on re-
lease from q dreaded confinement, and
the end of tho war, brought on .yari-
Gus manifestations Of hysteria and
psychoses. But Millar. himself i'll and
weak with beri-beri and dysentery, kept
up the spirits of his men by untiring ef-
forts. He supervised their meals. He
badgered me into seeing that they got
the things he wanted them to get. He
bullied the British quartermasters for
clothing and more shoes. He kept
morale high. and never once did see
him relax discipline. Ed" allowed no
one to 60 to pieces. He did not him
self. That took some doing under the
circumstances we were living In. He did
all this with hrmness and cheerfulness
that must have been terrific strain to
one in his state of health.
The immutability Of things, which or
dained that he should live through his
war experiences and yet perish In peace,
Is not for uA to question, but his early
demise is nevertheless sad loss to the
service to which he belonged, and to
those who knew and admired him.
w. A. NICHOLAS.
Captain, Ex-Royal Army Medical Corps.
Evening star., 1946-10-15
PAYING Patients ut St. Elizabeth's 5


To the Editor Of The Star:
OF late there have appeared in Wash
inston newspapers articles which have
the effect of creating in the. public
mind the erroneous impression that the
financial burden Of maintaining all the
Districts mental patients In st. Eliza
beth's Hospital Is imposed upon the
taxpayers Of the District generally.
Few District residents are aware OF
the fact that the cost Of this care (s3.55
per patient per day) In many instances
IL assessed against the patients par
ents or relatives on the arbitrary basis
Of the latters income.
Those charged with the responsibility
OF making payments receive monthly
bills from the ONCE Of the District au-
ditor for sl06.50 or sllo.05, depending
upon whether the month Is one Of 80 or
81 days. Thus the taxpayer deemed A.
nancially able to pay for the care OF
a patient in st. Elixabeth's Hospital is
required to pay twice. In the FIRST in
stance he pays for. the total cost of the
care Of . particular patient and then
he pays in taxes along with the tax
paying public to defray the cost Of the
care Of patients whose relatives are
either financially unable to pay or who,
If able to pay, devise means to avoid
payment.
The arrangement In the District In
respect to payment for the care OF the
mentally Ill Is thus distinctly unlike that
in other jurisdictiops-virginia, for in
stance, where residence in the State
confers upon any individual the right
to psychiatric treatment in State hos
pital free Of charge. But due TO the
fact that q true picture of the situation
rarely is presented TO the public by the
self designated champions Of the rights
of the District taxpayers, any statement
to the effect that psychiatric treatment
at st. Elisabeths Hospital is not avail
able free OF charge to all residents Of
the District Is almost invariably re-
ceived with considerable incredulity and
reserve by all but relatively few Dis
trict residents G. w. II.
Editors Note: The Board Of Public
Welfare estimates that 1877 per cent OF
the total cost of District patients at st.
Elisabeth's Hospital T. collected from
families of such patients. The NUM-
cipal government pays the rest)
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1946-08-17
Group To Continue
FreepOrt Fight

NEW YORK, N. Y.--Despite
Gov. Dewey's refusal to reopen
the report case wherein two
colored brothers were shot and
slain by a white cop--the New
York Committee for Justice has
announced it will continue to
fight. They warned that they
will spare no ones political hide
in making the truth known.
The Committee is asking again
fer the superseding of Nassua's
District Attorney, James N. Geh-
rig, and that the cop be tried for
murder. Deriding the report that
Laurence Gienbaum made for
Governor Dewey, the Commit
tees executive secretary had this
to say. Dewey. Greenbaum and
Gehrig have outlind, produced
and concluded their little show,
but the spectacle fools no one.
The part of each vii be recog-
lied for what it was: Governor
dewey wrigging to take off the
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1946-08-17
Bradford For Governor Headquarters
Now At 21q Washington ST., Boston

offices for the various depart
mentS, a large reception room
and outer office and a telephone
switchboard. The new telephone
number, incidentally. is Rich
mond $3.50 The old quarters at
Is fremont st. have been retain
ed and will be used by the Suf-
folk County Bradford for Gov
ernor Committee.
A new addition to the staff is
as co-manager Samuel H. Cohen,
prominent Boston attorney, of
II Elinor road, Newton. A grad
uate of Boston University and
of Boston University Law School,
Mr. Cohen was admitted to the
Massachusetts, Bar in 1926. A
state representative from 1922
1888 and assistant district at
torney of Middleseb County from
1941-1945, he is now vice-presi-
dent of the Boston University
School of Law class of 1926.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1946-08-17

Greatly increased activity re-
gulting from a strenuous sum-
mer tour by 1t. Gov. Robert F.
Bradford, Republican candidate
for Governor, and a heavy in
5lux of enthusiastic volunteer
workers has made necessary a
change Of location of the Brad
ford for Governor Headquarters
from the premises at 10 fremont
st, to more spacious facilities at
2l9 Washington st.
With the organization expand
ing daily through the addition
of new departments and new
functions, it soon became evil
dent that the old fremont st
quarters were no longer ade-
quate. The entire second floor
Of the Thompson Spa Building
at 219 Washington st extending
to the rear of the building on
City Hall Square was obtained.
The new site provides private
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1946-08-17
Jackie To Make Majors

Jackie Robinson is definitely
slated for the major leagues.
That boy is a very fine ball
player, and although he would
be the first colored player to up,
I wouldn't be surprised to see
him stick with the Brooklyn
Dodgers next year." Clay Hop
per, manage rof the Montreal
Royals said last week.
The Montreal Royals, Brook
lyn Dodgers farm team, on
which Jackie IS second base
man is leading the International
League by a wide margin, The
27-year-old football ace early
in the season gave an impress
Sive display of speed around the
bases and his fielding, but on
lockers were dubious about his
batting.
But doubts vanished when in
his initial Triple-A contest. Rob
inson's batted a homer, 3 singles
smashed in four runs, tailed
four markers, and stole two
bases. To this dazzling record
last week he banked out 10
hits in 2 Strips to the plate.
Among the five best hitters most
of the summer he led the league
in batting for sevO'al weeks. His
batting average is 1857.
Manager Hopper, a Southerner
says: Robinson can hit, throw,
field and has tremendous speed,
and that about gets you there.
Jackie is on the way up to
the big time. The only ques-
ton is as to when he will get
there.