Evening star., 1946-02-27

I am presenting a brief repor
to my Senate colleagues regardin,
the recent meeting of the Unites
Nations in London where, thank
to your generous confirmation O
the Presidents. appointment, I sa
as an American delegate in the frs
General Assembly.
I had expected to postpone thi.
statement until the return of tn.
Senate's other representative a
London, the distinguished chairman
of the Senate Foreign Relation.
Committee, the Senator from Texa.
tMr. Connally). But events seen
to recommend these observation.
now. The Senator from Texas will
be back in the near future. com.
pliment him in the highest possible
terms for his sterling services ir
London. He filled important ano
often difficult assignments with wis.
dom, vigor, tenacity and success. He
was distinctly credit to the Senate
to his country and to the great cause
which he embraced with typical
earneStneSS and zeal.
say frankly, at the outset. that
I return from London with mixed
emotions. return with no illusions
that automatic peace awaits the
world just because the machinery
of the United Nations is now in
gear. But I return also with an
overriding conviction, even more
emphatic than before that the
worlds only hope of organized peace
and security is inseverably linked
with the evolution and the destinv
OF this United Nations enterprise
return in the convinced belief that
the, more complex or ominous the
WoRd's international relations NAV
become, in that same degree the
greater becomes the critical need
that the peace-loving peoples of the
eartn snail strive to make this en-
terprlse succeed. I return in the
belief that it can succeed unless
Russla, Britain and the United
states, individually or collectively.
make it impossible.
A can share your disappointments
over some phases of the London
record. 1 can share your anxieties
over some of its disturbing trends.
I can share your desires that the
San Francisco Charter should be
improved in certain aspects. 1 in
tend to speak frankly about some
OF these things But I cannot-and
1 do not-share the melancholy pes
simism, heard in some quarters, that
the United Nations, as a result of
this experience. will be unable to
cope with world realities as disclosed
in current history. 1t would be silly
to ignore the hazards. 1t would be
sllller to ignore vindicated hopes.
The amazing thing at London is not
that there were areas of disagree
ment but that the areas of agree
ment were SO vast and so significant.
Success or Catastrophe.
In my opinion, I repeat-because
1t is so dreadfully important-that
the United Nations must be made to
succeed if we are to avoid unspeak-
able catastrophe in this atomic age
when decisive war may be waged In
minutes instead of years and when
the first casualty list may pe the
last. To those who are already
earnestly suggesting substitutes, i
prayerfhlly suggest that if the UNO
compact, as a starter, cannot COM
mand, the agreement and co-opera-
tion. essential to success, then. any
more ambitious program would OBJ
viously multiply these obstacles. Any
less ambitious program would die of
pernicious, international anemia.
This Charter clearly has its imper-
fections. We must be constantly
alert to opportunities for its i'm
provement. 1t is helpful that the
earnest friends of peace should press
for discussions. But it seems clear
to me that we must first learn to
live with what we have. 1t seems
clear to me that our challenge IS to
make the United Nations work. 1t
is particularly challenge to the
so-called five great powers. More
particularly it is challenge to three
Of them. Still more particularly it
is an individual challenge to the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
and to our own United States, as
shall presently undertake to dem
onstrate.
Now, sir, let's look at London. In
81 days the United Nations turned
a blueprint into a going concern
1t turned an ideal into a reality. On
January 10, 1916, we had only a pious
dream. On February Is, 1916, we
had organized, in working detail, the
complete machinery for the General
Assembly, for the Security Council,
for the Court of International JUS
tice, for the Social and Economic
Council, and for the functioning of
every instrument of peace which this
Senate envisioned when it under
wrote this dream last July with bat
two dissenting votes. On January
10th We had scrap of paper" In
81 days we gave it life. The supreme
need. in the name of flesh and blood
and human hearts and hopes, is that
it shall not return to the status of a
"scrap of paper"
There was sharp controversy and
competition in some of these organ
Rational decisions. But all of them
were accepted in good spirit by all
concerned. There was not Sus-
picion of insincerity or sabotage. In
other words. the original purpose
and what was intended to be the
exclusive purpose-of this flrst Cen
eral Assembly was carried out with
complete comfy and with significant
success. There was healthy rivalry
But there was equally healthy agree
ment. In athletic parlance, the
team was learning to play team
ball The temporary quarters of
the United Nations is already risirg
In the United States. The ,nachir-
cry is all in gear Indeed they were
81 momentous days.
Gamut of Race Spanned.
All this involved great labor and
the composition of may different
points of view. For example, I was
chairman of the subcommittee
which dealt with administration
and with budpetS Starting from