The Wilmington morning star., 1946-02-17
Socony-Vacuum Building
Huge Oil Terminal Here
WILLARD TESTING
PRODUCES TWELVE
NEW GRAPE TYPES
BY o. o. PHILLIPS
Editor, The Wallace Enterprise


Plain Test Farm at Willard, N. c.,
has introduced Is new muscadine
grape varieties to fruit growers
and nurSerymen as result of
breeding work conducted by the
Bureau of Plant Industry in coop
GRAFTON with the North Carolina
Department of Agriculture, under
the direction of DR.. bearing on the
farm at Willard.
These IS new muscadine vari-
cites are the first introductions re-
sulting from DR.. bearings breed
ing investigations, started in 1905.
The new selections are named
Willard, Wallace. Fender, Burga-v,
Tarheel, Dupln, Topsail, Orion,
New River, Cape Fear, Morrison,
Onslow, Stanford, Kilgore, and
Creswell.
Six of the introductions are of a
new type which was nonexistent at
the time the breeding investiga-
tons started, the State Bureau of
Plant Industry announces. These
are known as hermaphrodites, be-
ing perfectflowered and self-fertile
and capable of pollinating pistillate
(female) varieties like scupper-
nong, which set fruit only when
pollinated by insects bringing fer
tile pollen from male vines or
hermaphrodites The introduction
Of this type of muscadine crane
permits the use of the hermaphro-
dites in lieu of male vines in vine
yards, which, on the basis of l to
8, would amount to increased
yields of more than 10 per cent per
acre. Three of the introductions
are considered IL be of better quail
ity than scuppernong, which has
been the standard of quality in the
past. Others are introduced be-
cause of their earliness, lateness,
or other special characters fitting
them to serve a purpose not cover
ed by existing named varieties.
The Willard Type
The selection named Willard is
perfect lowered and self-fertile.
The vine is moderately vigorous
and the foliage moderately resis
tant to disease The white fruit,
borne in rather loose, open clus-
tiers, is of medium size and adj
heres well. The pulp is tough and
does not separate readily from the
seed. 1t ripens with scuppernong,
and is introduced to provide per-
fect-flowered variety producing
fruit of the same general appear.
ance as scuppelnong.
Another perfect-flowered and
self-fertile variety, which is nam.
ed Wallace, has white fruit, borne
in large clusters, that are little
smaller than the scupperrong. The
vines are vigorous with the skin OF
the fruit thin and tender, soft pulp,
with flavor above the average in
sweetness. The section of Wallace
is introduced as pollinator, parti-
cularly for late-flowering varie-
ties, and is also producer of late
ripening, white fruit of good quail
ty.
The Fender Type
The selection named Pender is
perfect-flowered variety, with a
vine low in vigor. with short shoots
and small leaves. The fruit is OF
medium size and when ripe, more
yellow than thai of most varieties.
The skin of the fruit is tough ana
of medium thickness and the small
amount of pulp smooth and rela-
lively soft. The fruit, borne only
2 to 3 in a cluster, ripens later
than that of scuppernong. The fla
vor is distinctive, resembling
somewhat that of an apple. Fender
variety is introduced to provide a
second late ripening, perfect
lowered variety.
The selection named Burgaw IS
perfect fowered and self-fertlle.
Although the lateral growths are
short. the vine is very vigorous
and productive. The fruit is red
dish-black, glossy, of medium slze'
and SWEET and ST rightly in flavor
like the variety Thomas. 1t is
borne in loose cluster of l to
berries. The fruits adhere during
ripening better than those OF the
variety Thomas Burgaw is intro
duced because i, is equal to Thom
as in fruit characters and superior
to Thomas in that it is perfect
lowered.
Vigorous Vine
The selection named Tarheel /
a perfect-flowered variety from
cross of Lucia by Eden. The vint
is very vigorous and very produc
tive and the foliage quite resistan
to disease. The fruit, which rlpen'
in mid-season, is jet-black, glossy
and borne 5 to is in cluster. The
fruits are small. tho skin thin ane
tough, the pulp smooth and ten
der, and the flavor excellent. Tht
Tar Heel is introduced to provide
perfect lowered variety witt
; black fruit of high quality, suitable
for wine-makin2.
, The selection named Duplin i!
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