davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-08-08

combination proved most effective. Mr.
Truman has. ever since he entered the
White House, sought to keep these
battle lines intact. They were dented
severely when he delivered his message
to Congress urging the drafting of labor,
II necessary, at the time of the railroad
strike. But there are many signs that
organized labor, particularly CIO-led
labor. is back on the Democratic band
wagon
The Republicans in Missouri are lay
Ing their plans to take the Slaughter
seat In the November election. and they
express confidence they can do so. In
the last off-year election, in 1912, they
lost this district by only little over
1000 votes, and two years later. with
Mr.. Roosevelt heading the ticket, they
lost by a scant 5000 votes They feel
that they have more than a fighting
chance there this year. Indeed, some
of the Republicans were anxious that
Mr.. Axtell should win. believing they
could knock him off later. In addition
to the Republican vote. they hope to
have for their candidate, Albert L.
Reeves. jr., a war veteran. as is Mr..
Axtel, the support of many of the more
conservative Slaughter Democrats and
particularly of the Shannon organiza-
ton, which is an opponent OF the
Pendergast machine.
The CIO will take much credit for
what happened in the Slaughter district,
though most OF it should 60 to the ma
chine, according to Kansas City OBJ
servers. However. the CIO made little
progress in its efforts to defeat Senator
Harry Flood Byrd and Representative
Howard Smith of Virginia. Both were
renominated by overwhelming majori-
ties. although it was evident that Martin
A. Hutchinson, Richmond attorney who
had the support of organized labor, ran
strongly in industrial centers.
A CIO favorite won denomination in
West Virginia. however-Senator Kill
gore. who ran far ahead of j. Buhl
Shahan, former State purchasing di-
rector. The Republicans, who hope to
capture this Senate seat in November
have nominated Thomas B. Sweeney, a
former State Senator, who was Mr.
Kilgore's opponent six years ago. The
vote in the primary was light, but ii
showed the Democratic vote we'll In
excess of that polled by the Republicans
West Virginia is border State" po-
litically, and If and when it goes Re-
publican, the indications are the country
Is swinging politically toward the COP
Evening star., 1946-08-08
The Lonesome DoIIor

From the st. Louis Post-Dispatch.
"A rose Is a rose Is rose :" wrote
the late Gertrude Stein, and 1t might
appear equally true that dollar is
dollar is dollar. But this is not quite
true, as Is evidenced by this extract
which we reprint in its pristine form
from Miss Stems latest book, "Brewsie
and Willie:
And, said Donald Paul, you were sit
ting there with your lonesome dollar
What do you mean? said Fred. may be
poor soldier, but got more than one
dollar. Not that, said Donald Paul, not
that, what mean is that the dollar,
the United States dollar, is very lone
some dollar, it's all alone, it's riding wide
and handsome but perhaps pretty soon
we can't use 1t, it's mighty lonesome
dollar"
Well, the higher flights Of economics
always sound more or less like that.
Evening star., 1946-08-08

anime and observe him, and they
knew that he was dangerous. Yet
after sixteen admitted burglaries,
he was granted probation and
turned loose without being subject
to any supervision. Now, with the
blood of two women and a child on
his hands, he belatedly faces life
imprisonment But it can hardly be
said that all of the responsibility
for these murders rests on Heirens.
1t is responsibility which must be
shared by the juvenile authorities
in Illinois, for they erred on the side
of excessive leniency in dealing with
a youth whom they should have
recognized as being menace to
society.
Evening star., 1946-08-08
This Changing World
By Constantine Brown

The violent clash in Paris between
Secretary of State Byrnes and Foreign
Minister Molotov goes far deeper than
a mere dispute between the United
States and Russia. 1t is the inevitable
conflict between the nations in the west
which wish to live under democratic
system and the harsh totalitarian en-
pire which has arisen in the east on the
ruins of Hitler's empire. Mr.. Byrnes
the representative of the most powerful
democratic nation, became merely the
spokesman of the other liberal coun-
tries, which heretofore have not had
the opportunity to assert themselves
forcefully.
The conflict at the Paris meeting is
much deeper than an argument over
the method of voting on the peace
treaties. Observers in Washington who
have been keeping up with the military
movements behind the iron curtain"
believe that they will decide the futHe
policies of the USSR, whether Russia is
willing to accept the fact that the war
has been fought for the freedom of all
nations, big and small or whether she
intends to outdo the German and Japa-
nese totalitarian leaders and obtain by
force preponderant position in Europe
and Asia.
Although it is difficult to obtain de-
tailed information about the battle Or
der OF the Russian forces and those of
the satellites it is known that there
have been important troop shifts in the
area east of the Stettin- Trieste line 1t
is definitely known that the Red armies
in the Russian zone in Germany have
been greatly strengthened since last
Nav, as they have been in Poland. 1t
is known that the Yugoslav Army is
fully mobilized and capable of cutting
the Trieste Gordian knot by rushing the
Allied forces on the Morgan line. 1t
Is known that there have been impor-
tant military preparations in the Sude-
tenland on the line facing the Ameri-
can occupation forces in Bavaria. 1t is
equally well known that the Russian
aviation has been increased recently to
more than 5000 combat planes.
X
There is no doubt in the minds of any
military men in this country or abroad
that should the Soviet government
translate some of its yelled threats into
action, the Red Army could roll the re-
naming Allied forces in Germany and
Italy back to the Channel within very
short time. While'America, Britain and
France have forces in the enemy coun-
tries which are nothing more than a
token police sufficient to control the de-
feated nations, the Russians have such
a formidable army that they could reach
the Channel with little delay
The question is whether Prime Min
lister Stain, who still keeps his hands
on the wheel of Russias ship of state
Is willing to undertake a gamble like
Evening star., 1946-08-08
Our Marines Stoy in China

The announcement by the State
Department that there is nothing in
the present situation to indicate that
withdrawal of United States Marine
detachments from China is even In
prospect sets to rest persistent
reports from the Far East of such
imminent withdrawal, which the
department spokesman brands as
absolutely not true"
The source of those reports is
pretty obviously the Chinese Com
munist regime, which, for a long
time, has been conducting an in
tensive propaganda for the complete
withdrawal of all American forces
in China coupled with cessation of
American support OF any kind to
the Central Government headed by
Generalissimo Chang Kai-shek.
Such verbal pressure has recently
been supplemented by what old time
Russian revolutionists used to call
propaganda of the deed" in the
shape of attacks on our Marine de-
tachments In Northern China, cul-
minating in the ambushing of
Marine detachment performing stip-
ulated convoy service on the high
way between Peiping and the coastal
port of Chinwangtao. The object of
such violent tactics is clearly to
stimulate feeling in America itself
against involvement in the factional
strife within China which, despite
the efforts of General Marshall,
seems to be attaining the proper
tions of full-scale civil war.
Our Marines were originally sent
to China under agreement with the
Central Government and as part of
the stabilization program to which
Britain and Soviet Russia assented
at the close of the war with Japan
a year ago. The objective was two
fold: First, to insure the speedy re-
patriation of the very large japanese
forces in China; second, to maintain
certain vital transport services,
especially in the Peiping and Using
tao areas. Since japanese repatria-
ton has been substantially com
pleted, emphasis is centered upon
the second objective It's Importance
to the maintenance of normal eco
nomic life in Northern China, in
cluding the great metropolis OF
Shanghai, explains the desire of the
Communists to see the Marine
guards withdraw. Communist pres
sure In both areas Is already SC
strong that the Nationalist troops
alone might be unable to keep oper
communication lines vital to ths
northern areas under their control
Such local and immediate con.
siderations are. of course, tied ir
with larger and long-range question!
Of policy. The maintenance of Chi
Evening star., 1946-08-08

Cold cash at the rate of billion and
half per month is pouring out of the
United States Treasury to pay for Amer
ica's first postwar national defense
program.
Dwarfing all previous peacetime out
lays, postwar security in terms OF men,
guns, planes. ships and aid to foreign
countries the first full year after the
war will cost the Nation almost one
half of every tax dollar collected by
the Government.
This huge outlay, totaling $l8,500 ,000,-
600 the first peacetime fiscal year, is
more than 16 times as great as the
defense cost in the last prewar year
and is twice as great as the entire
1899 cost of the United States Govern
ment before the war. t-tz
In addition to the $l8, SOC, 900 900 for
direct national defense, there Is an ad-
ditional Sc zoe, 900, 900 for veterans bene-
fits, which, according to the Budget Bu-
reau. forms the second largest item OF
the Governments peacetime expense.
These two items, say budget officials,
represent the expenditure of almost two
thirds of the estimated $39, $50 900. 900
revenue which the Government expects
to collect from taxpayers this year.
BY far the largest chunk OF this out
lay will go to the armed services. Budget
officials point out that the military
budget appropriated by Congress this
year calls for spending more than
$13, 600 O00, 900, largely for overseas in
stallations, occupation forces and re-
search and technical developments.
Despite the economy reductions advo-
Gated by President Truman, the Army S
peacetime budget still would not be
whitfield down to less than $8,060. 900 900,
nor the Nays to less than $3.50 900, :
OOO-both previous peacetime peaks.
The saving of 81 900. 900 boo in Army
spending and the cut of $3.50. 600 600 In
the Navy budget suggested by the Presi-
Evening star., 1946-08-08
Mr.. Trumon's Triumph

1t is only natural that Democratic
National Chairman Hannegan should
construe the results of the fifth
Missouri congressional primary as a
vote OF confidence in the President
and an expression of approval OF
his legislative policies. Had the
decision gone the other way the
critics of Mr.. Truman would have
been quick to interpret that as a
reputation of the President and a
protest against his policies. There
fore, Mr.. Hannegan is entitled to
make the most of his opportunity
to view the future with confidence.
There are some aspects of the
election, however, which do not fit
too smoothly into his diagnosis. In
the first place, this was Democratic
primary, not general election. The
party picture is confused by the fact
that an undetermined number of
Republicans voted in the opposition
primary, but Mr.. Hannegan comedies
that the Truman candidate, Enos A.
Axtell, benefited from these alien
votes, as did his defeated opponent,
Representative Slaughter. Then
there is the further fact that Mr..
Axtell had the wholehearted support
of the Pendergast machine, a ma
chine capable OF turning out a large
vote, but which does not necessarily
reflect the views of the rank and file
of the voters in Kansas City.
Still, when the votes had been
counted, Mr. Axtell's total was 1888
as against 17,577 for Mr.. Slaughter.
That was sufficient to remove from
Congress a Democrat who had op-
posed the President on many issues
and to spare Mr.. Truman the polit-
ical embarrassment that would have
attended Slaughter victory. 1t is
difficult, however, to read much
more than this into the election.
There was a third man in the race,
Jerome Walsh, who polled 5,425
votes. So the real truth would seem
to be that, while 1873 voters in
the district supported the candi-
date backed by the President, the
Pendergast machine and the CIO-
PAC, total of 23,002 voters sup
ported the two other candidates.
In view of this, it might seem that
Mr.. Hannegan has to strain a bit
when he interprets the result as "a
strong vote OF confidence" in Mr..
Truman and as a harbinger of a
Democratic triumph in the general
elections this November
Evening star., 1946-08-08
Postwar Defense Costs
Bv Stefan .4ndre,cs

dent will leave the two services exactly
$13,210 900 900 to spend.
How this total is to be spent Is entirely
up to the discretion of the Army and
Navy strategy boards. There is no
presidential edict ordering trimming
either of essential overseas expenditures
or needed inland United States pro-
grams.
4
What the President would like to see,
according to his economy advisers, Is a
postponement for the time being Of
such planned expenditures as construc-
ton of new ships and Army installations,
which can be built later when material
shortages have been overcome.
Other major items in the national de-
fense budget are as follows.
Lease-lend, UNRRA, surplus property
and .other war agencies-$2, ,648. 900 900.
War shipping Administration
$4l2, 900.
Maritime Commission - $3.50 900 900.
North American Newspaper Alliance.b
Evening star., 1946-08-08

nese sovereignty and integrity has
been one Of the traditional major
aims of American diplomacy. Our
withdrawal of the Marines. whose
presence in North China has been q
stabilizing influence, would mean
their replacement by Chinese Com
munists and another incentive to
civil strife. Those considerations
should be evaluated in any plans for
the disposition of our forces in
China itself.
Evening star., 1946-08-08
Tribute to Men Of Letters
From the MontrealLa Patrie.

From the Montreal La Patrie.
We agree with Senator Athanase
David when he proposes the founda-
ton of 4 prize for literature by the
Canadian Government. The speech de-
livered by Senator David on this sub
ject In the Senate recalls with timeliness
the role played by intellectual accom-
plishments In building up national pres
tige and, In this regard, cites examples
that cannot be gainsaid. 1t is by works
like these that nation becomes known
abroad and that generations succeed
one another. Men OF letters are there
fore by no means the least eficacious
workers in contributing to the grandeur
Of q nation.
Evening star., 1946-08-08
Another Critic of Comics

Another Critic of Comics
To the Editor Of The Star:
May send few lines of appreciation
to the two 11-year girls and add my
views "a few of them concerning the
current comics in your paper? I am
many times older than they are, and
like "funnies," but some now running
make me mad!
share the little girls opinion of all
they mention, and would add that, to
my mind, strips like Kerry Drake"
perhaps help to encourage delinquency
not by the matter itself but by the
pictures showing how easy it is to
thrust knife, or point gun, or offer
sip of poison.
AS the Canadians would say, little
girls, May I shake you by the hand"
for your good letter? E.. F.. L. S.
Evening star., 1946-08-08

Beginners In the art of diamond
cutting, to avoid running expensive
gems, are said to practice first on
potatoes. They have to be fairly
expert before they are allowed to
practice on butter.
Evening star., 1946-08-08

From the New Orleans Times-Picayuns.
II imitation should run away with the
country, that contact with the moon
might be the only way of keeping daily
touch with price attitudes
Evening star., 1946-08-08
Sturtina Something

From the Kansas City Times.
OF course the gigantic new machine
that can set up home in "a hours will
leave the maintenance of it absolutely
to the. family occupants.
Evening star., 1946-08-08

Tennessee Election Troubles
To the Editor OF The Star:
As reported by the Associated Press,
the deputy sheriff who precipitated the
revolt of outraged citizens in Athens,
Tenn, recently, bears the name of
Windy Wise. Cause, effect, events re-
veal Windy to have been incomparably
more windy than wise; in which re-
spect, however, he was hardly anti
typical.
In this terrible time-actual and po-
tential-when need of emphatic utter
ance, backed by constructive determi-
nation respecting deeds, is paramount
the trend is to promiscuous "windiness,' .
generally devoid of wisdom; what Adler
would probably have denominated con-
spicuity complex"
To attribute what happened in Ten
nessee to coincidence would be akin to
distortion of coincidence.
RIENZI B. LEMUS.
Evening star., 1946-08-08
To Help Polio Sufferers

To Help Polio Sufferers
To the Editor of The Star:
Last Sunday your paper carried an
article about man, former victim of
infantile paralysis, who gave his blood
to help other victims.
understand that so far medical
science is not sure whether blood trans
fusion does help. However, I know that
there are many of us who would be glad
to give blood If there is only faint
hope of bringing relief.
I, for my part, had very slight at
tack when a child, and came off with
out a scratch, but still my blood might
be of use.
How can one organize all those in
terested In helping and have them reg
istered at hospital so that they can
be called in II wanted?
ELEANOR BETH.
Evening star., 1946-08-08
Rudor q HeIp

Reproduction Rishts Reserved. }
Evening star., 1946-08-13
Half Million Hides
Forced Out by Probe
BY the Assoeioied Pres,

The Civilian Production Admin
istration reported today it has forced
the movement to market of between
100000 and 100000 cattle hides
as result of its investigation of
producers stocks.
we have shaken loose an awful
lot OF hides" Morris Werner, chief
of CPA's Compliance Division, told
reporters.
Mr.. Werner said that during the
first two days of an investigation
started week ago we moved close
to 300, 900 hides" on their way to
shoe manufacturers.
CPA undertook its study of the
hide and leather inventories of pro-
ducers on instructions from Recon-
version Director John R. Steelman,
who said shoe plants would have to
shut down unless shipment of hiles
was resumed.
Mr.. Steelman also called on the
Justice Department to investigate
what ne termed a reported indus
try conspiracy" to withhold all
hides from the market until OPA
lis forced to raise or remove ceilings.
Mr.. Werner said CPA had assigned
300 special agents to survey pro-
ducers' stock piles. Under CPA
regulations. producers may keep on
hand only A practicable minimum
working inventory.
Evening star., 1946-08-13
Cost-PIus Contract Blamed
For Billions in War Waste
GAO Accounting Reveals Typical Methods
In Which Nations Money Was Squondered
fSecond OF a Series.)
By Joseph HonIon
Washington Correspondent. Of tn. St. 10.

ton to the Community Chest in his
town, if he joins the Chamber of
Commerce, If he advertises his busi-
ness. If he hires a stenographer. II
he has the grounds of his plant
handicapped. if he sends flowers to
the funeral of an old employe, If
he pays for picnic or barbecue for
his workers-are such things part of
the cost" of making a bomber. or
bullet?
Or are they part of the ordinary
expense of staying in business
chargeable therefore to the fixed
fee? Mr.. Warren's Office held gen.
orally that such expenses came out
of the fixed fee. but lot of manu-
facturers charged these items up to
cost" That would have made the
plus" even plusser. had they been
able to get away with it.
Didn't Get Away With 1t.
They didn't get away with it
Not, at least, when auditors of the
General Accounting Office caught
up with them
Still these items, substantial as
they were In the aggregate. didn't
add up TO untold billions" of wasted
money. Where most of the money
was sQuandered will be illustrated
in typical cases The typical cases
CONTINUED on Page AS, Colur4n q
Evening star., 1946-08-13
fTeTt of British Blockade State
nlent on Page A-3.)
BY the Associoted a-sss

LONDON, Aug. ia spokes-
man for the British Colonial
Office specifically named Amer
ican financial sources" today as
responsible for encouraging and
directing" illegal immigration OF
Jews into Palestine.
The spokesman made the state
ment when asked by a reporter to
describe the very large financial
contributions" which. British gov
eminent statement said last night
were financing a mass exodus of
European Jews to the Holy Land
The governments statement an
nounced Britain's decision to end
illegal immigration and to convey
to Cyprus or elsewhere" any i'm
migrants arriving Illegally.
Refusing to name individuals or
tions or better identify
American financial sources" the
spokesman referred a reporter to
the many advertisements in United
States newspapers appealing for
money to aid European Jews get to
Palestine by illegal means"
He cited one advertisement. pub
lished in April. which carried a
Evening star., 1946-08-13
Byrd Report Charges
U. 5. Agencies Violate
Personnel Ceilings
Committee Declares
10000 Were Employed
Over Budget Figure
By Joseph Young

The Byrd Committee on Non
essential Federal Expenditures
today charged Government agen-
cies with fragrant violations OF
personnel ceilings and reported
that during the first three
months of this year there were
16 agencies having an excess to-
tai of 1859 employees.
Senator Byrd, author of the re-
port, also charged that from July l,
l945. to March 81, l946-the period
covered by the report-Federal agen-
cies employed more than 10000 en-
ployes more than was legally allot-
ted them by the Budget Bureau.
The majority of the violations oc-
CURED in the Federal Security
Agency, involving 1856 excess en-
ployes; Commerce Department. with
332 employees: Post Office Depart
ment, with 1884 employees; War
Department, with l0,075; Labor De-
partment, involving 700 employees
the report disclosed.
Other offenders cited were the
National Housing Agency, <nteriol
and Treasury Departments
Accompanying the report were
two dissenting statements filed by
| Secretary of the Treasury SNYDER
and Paul H. Appleby. who was act
| ing director of the Budget Bureau
Evening star., 1946-08-13
Deaths in AAF Accidents Fail
To Decline Despite Wars End
Rate Of l6 Killed Per 100000 Flying Hours
Continued From VI Day to June
By Nelson M. Shepord

In the face of steadily mount
ing flying fatalities, accident
figures obtained today from the
Army Air Forces disclosed that
$50 crewmen and passengers of
Army planes had crashed to
their deaths In the United States
during 10 months from the end
of hoStilities to June /.
Sixteen were killed for every 100,-
600 hours of flying, a peacetime ratio
exactly the same as wartime rate
of accident fatalities in the AAF'
in the United States.
Offhand it would seem that Army
flying involves no greater personal
risk now than 1t did on the home
front during the pressure of the war
years. Actually. there is another
side of the picture.
The wartime rate OF Is accident
fatalities per 100000 flying hours
accidents in which total of 1883
persons were klled-is based, for