davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-03-15

on the legislation was delayed un-
til the house version gets the other
chambers okay.
Congress already has appro-
priated $16O,OOO,OOO for similar
number of units, so if today's ac-
tion goes through a total of at least
100000 dwellings will be provided.
The new authorization is to be
used chiefly to move temporary
war houses to sites where they will
be more serviceable and to put
partitions in service-used barracks,
so they can be used as apartments.
Today's move followed a request
by President Truman yesterday
for such action. 1t was in sharp
contrast to the trimming the house
gave Mr.. Truman's proposals on
housing last week. At that time
members rejected overwhelmingly
a request for $600,000,000 to be
used in subsidy payments to speed
production of scarce building ma
terials.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-03-15

less pay than any other group of
workers, due to the fact that ap-
proximately $3.50 of Negroes are
placed in the bottom occupations,
regardless of length of service, eff
ficiency, qualifications, and being a
Veteran:
Resolved: That this Organization,
E.J.O.C. begs Of Management and
Labor to negotiate, to the end of
eventually erasing this disparity in
the take home pay, by giving the
Negro worker, especially the re-
turning Veteran, a greater oppor-
tunity to work at his highest skills,
and provide training programs so
that the Negro can acquire these
skills heretofore neglected, thus
thereby increasing the standard of
living of the Negro, and the general
welfare Of our City.
Whereas, the Negro worker has
been told by the Union that he has
not been upgraded due to opposition
of Management, and also has been
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-03-15

told that he has not been upgraded
by Management due to the opposi-
tion of the Union:
Resolved: That both Management
and Labor be requested to send rep
resentatives who can state authori-
tatively their position on hiring
practices, and up-grading of Ne
groes; Sunday, March II, at the
Fifth Street Branch Y.M.C.A. at
800 p.m., the time Of our next
Council meeting.
Whereas, this organization, not
wishing to appear self-centered, or
undemocratic in speaking only in
the behalf of the Negro;
Resolved: That any discrimina-
tion existing in Dayton Industry or
other institutions, due to race, color
or creed as to employment or pro-
motions, that steps be taken by
management and labor to eliminate
the same.
Whereas, as far as our organiza-
tion has been able to ascertain, no
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-03-15
SEVEN ESCAPE INJURY
AS CAR OvERTURN5

Seven persons narrowly escaped
injury yesterday afternoon when
the car in which they were riding
skidded on the wet pavement and
overturned into ditch.
State patrolmen said 0. C.. Og-
glesby, 81, of 321 Homestead ave-
nue., was driving the car west on
Eaton pike near Lutheran Church
road, when the car went out of
control. Two of the passengers
were thrown clear of the car.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-03-15
HOUSE VOTES S25o,00O,O00 Bill. FOR
TEMPORARY HOUSING FOR VETERANS

WASHINGTON, March 15-The
house today passed BAT to 1, bill
authorizing appropriation of $780,
100000 to provide at least 100000
temporary housing units for war
veterans and their families.
The one mo" vote was cast by
Rep. Jessie Sumner (Rep., Ill.,.
The senate already has approved
similar measure. However, be-
cause of a slight difference in
wording final congressional action
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-03-15
WIN THE PEACE" CONFERENCE
CALLED FOR CAPITOL !. 4

WA S H | N G T 0 N /, Mar. Is
(ANP) = Pledging promotion of
Franklin Delano Roosevelt's pol
icies in the UNO meetings and an
all-out fight against enemies of un-
ity on the home front, a represen-
tative group of American citizens
has called "Win the Peace" con-
ference to meet here April 5, 6 and
7. Declaring that unity at home and
abroad is threatened by blocs which
attempt to retard reconversion, stir
up racial strife and political dis
cord, the conference committee an
nounces a three-day program to
discuss important factors of a dur
able peace.
Theme of the conference, Unity
must win the peace" is based on
Mr.. Roosevelt's statement follow
ing the Yalta conference when he
said:
"Never before have the major al
lies been united-not only in their
war aims but also in their peace
aims. And they are determined to
continue to be united-to be united
with each other-and with all
peace-loving nations-so that the
ideal of peace will become a lasting
reality"
The conference, especially signi-
ficant in light of events of the
past weeks, climaxed by Mr..
ChurchilPs Westminster college
speech, will stress foreign policy
and it's effect on the home front.
Conference sponsors include: !:
Louis Adamic, author; James E.
Allen, NAACP, Mary Mcleod
Bethune, NACW; Benjamin j. Da-
Wis, Jr., councilman, New York
City; Rep. Helen Gahagan Doug
las; Roscoe Dunjee, editor, Black
Dispatch; Paul Robson, Council
on African affairs; DR.. Charming
H. Tobias, Phelps Stokes fund; and
Bishop r. r. Wright, Jr., AME
church.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-03-15
Panel Discussions On Jobs And Employment Problems

The Equality in Job Opportunity
Council will hold panel discussion
on the employment and up-grading
of Negroes in industry and trade
this Sunday, March II at the Fifth
street YMCA at pm. Taking part
in the discussion are Donald Glover,
minority representative, acting as
moderator; Mayor Edward Breen
and Richard Smith, secretary of
Molders and Foundry Workers of
North America.
The following are the resolutions
adopted by the Council:
In view of the purpose of the
Equality in Job Opportunity Coun-
Gil, the Resolution Committee sub
mits the following resolutions for
adoption:
Whereas, the Negro worker in
Dayton Industry is receiving even
with recent wage increases consid-
organization held their sessions at
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1946-03-15

Negro women or men are employed
in any clerical or personnel posi-
tons in industry in Dayton to date,
Notwithstanding that Negroes are
successfully employed at these
levels here in Government installa-
tions without friction:
Resolved: That expedient steps be
taken by management and labor to
eliminate this undemocratic condi-
ton.
We hereby further resolve: That
the secretary Of this organization
send copies of these resolutions to
management representatives, labor
representatives, the Daily Press,
Mayor Edward Breen, and Donald
Glover, minority group representa-
tive, U. S. Employment Office, ask
ing that he, Glover, issue statement
on adopted resolutions to the press
and the secretary, also send invita-
tions to parties aforementioned to
attend our next meeting on Mar. II.
Resolution Committee.
Evening star., 1946-07-02

shelters are effective against atomic
radiation. The decentralization of
industrial and medical facilities, the
long-range planning OF relief and
life-saving programs, the elimina-
tion OF combustible interiors from
otherwise strong buildings - these
and similar measures can do much
to keep down losses, but they must
be taken nol0 If their cost is not to
be prohibitive." The Surveys re-
port puts special stress on the word
now" In short, the most important
single recommendation made by the
experts after studying Hiroshima
and Nagasaki is that we start acting
at once along this line even as we
strive with other nations to estab-
lish system of world control.
Decentralize, disperse, make struc-
tural changes, draw up plans for
organized relief. give thought to
shelters, and begin acting on all this
noW. The recommendation is a
somber and startling one, but it has
been made by highly competent and
level-headed men fully aware of the
nature of A-weapons Those weap-
ons are still in their crude form
Only the careless and wishful will
imagine that the atom has somehow
lost face at Bikini.
Evening star., 1946-07-02
In the Right Direction

The House Public Buildings and
Grounds Committee has taken a
step in the right direction in recon-
mending that the District of Colum-
bia be compensated in full for the
$2,420000 site taken over by the Fed
eral Government for a new Federal
court building. Chairman Lanham
has introduced bill to that effect
in connection with request for an
initial appropriation of $400, 900 with
which to start the drawing up of
plans for the monumental project.
Originally it had been proposed that
the District be assessed half the
$l2,7O0,000 cost of both land and
building, although precedent and
logic would require the Federal Gov
ernment to pay the entire cost of
such an undertaking.
BY the wording of the bill the
committee actually has made only
tentative commitment to the prin-
ciple, vigorously supported by civic
organizations and by The Star, that
no part of the cost of the site-or
of the building, for that matter
should be borne by the local tax
payers. What Chairman Lanham
and his colleagues have done is to
make tentative concession to pro-
testing citizens in the hope of OBJ
tanning immediate action on the
preliminary appropriation. The full
value of the site, the bill states,
would constitute a credit to the
District of Columbia for its share
of the cost of the entire project as
hereafter established by Congress"
Thus Congress is to determine ul-
timately what the Districts share"
if any-is to be. The $2,420,000
value of the site then is to be con-
sidered as credit" in that amount
toward the local share" But why
should the District be required to
share in the cost of this Federal
project at all? The Federal Govern
ment has never required any other
community to share the cost of Fed
eral court buildings or their sites
The new court building is to be de-
signed by the Architect of the Capt.
tai (not by the Municipal Architect)
and title to the property will be
vested in the United States Govern
ment, just as in the case of other
Federal structures in Washington
1t will house the United States Court
for the District of Columbia and the
United States Court of Appeals for
the District of Columbia. Because
part Of the work of these courts has
to do with local cases, the District
is charged for a proportional
share of the operational costs
amounting to go per cent in the case
of the District Court and 80 per cent
in the case of the Court of Appeals.
This is reasonable. But to compel
District citizens to share also in the
capital cost OF an all-Federal build
ing designed along the expensive
lines of other Federal structures in
the Capital, and toward which they
already have contributed their share
of Federal taxes as American citi-
zens, is unreasonable and unjust.
Evening star., 1946-07-02
This Changing World
By Constantine Brown

From the days when firearms re-
placed bows and arrows new inven-
tions have been making wars more
destructive and more costly in human
life.
After every major conflict when new
appliances have been used there has
been feeling that wars must, come to
an end because no governments or
rulers would be crazy enough to sacri-
flee for relatively small gains the lives
of their people and subject their country
to 1rreparable vandalism. Yet wars have
succeeded each other with painful reg
ularity.
The Bikini experiment unquestionably
will be open to long and learned debates
from those who, on the one hand, have
been telling us that the atomic bomb
would make wars impossible because it
would destroy everything within a few
hours, and those who, on the other
hand, have been saying atomic power is
a, mere adjunct to destructive warfare
which alone could not end a countrys
resistance.
In some high naval quarters the fact
that none of the capital ships was sunk
at Bikini and the goats aboard the
battleship Pennsylvania were alive and
in good health is considered as confirm
ing the belief that the atomic bomb,
while remaining a powerful destructive
element in warfare, is not what it has
been represented to be.
After the bomb was dropped on Hiro-
shima scientists backed by a number of
military men let loose huge volume
OF propaganda telling the people of this
country that no nation, regardless OF
how big and powerful, could stand the
brunt of an atomic attack.
This extreme confidence in the de-
structive power of atomic energy is
unnatural After every war, when new
discoveries have been made, the same
story has been told
When the submarine became at first
part and parcel of naval warfare, there
were many students who declared the
Evening star., 1946-07-02
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

PRESIDENT Truman, against the advice
OF the congressional leaders OF his
party, vetoed the OPA extension bill and
plunged the country into a vast uncer-
tainty-which may linger for some
time.
OF all the bungling by the Truman
aomlnlstratlon-and it has been plen-
ty-thls incident was the worst The
veto came to Congress at a time when
II was impossible to get further con-
gressional action before the ONCE of
Price Administration expired at mid
night, June 80
What the President did was to de-
cline to sign the bill and ask for legisla-
ton giving him greater powers He
couId With more Justification have
signed the bill and asked for the addi-
tional legislation. 1t must have been
obvious to him he could not get what
he Wanted-which really was an un-
changed OPA extension. Had he signed
the bill and put himself on record In
message TO Congress denouncing the
legislation, there would have still been
on the books measures of control of
prices and particularly control of rents.
The last alone would have made the
Dill worth signing, as Majority Leader
Barkley of the Senate told the Presi-
dent.
1t may be that his advisers thought
that Congress- after the veto message
had been delivered. would pass the bill
over the Presidents objection. That
would have left Mr.. Truman politically
In the clear, and Congress holding the
bag II disastrous imitation arose later.
The political opponents of Mr.. Truman
in the House saw to it that no such
event took place. AS it is, Mr. Truman
is holding the bag and will be blamed
for allowing the OPA to die the night OF
June 30-whether it is revived or not.
*t
The Truman administration has been
wrong consistently in dealing with re-
conversion since the end of the war. 1t
asked Congress for some three billion
dollars and a law making it possible to
increase unemployment insurance up to
s25 week throughout the country. 1t
did this on the theory that within a
year there would be 100000 unem-
ployed. Congress was not impressed
with the idea of increasing unemploy-
ment payments to a point which would
encourage men and women not to work
So while the Senate put through much
modified bill, that measure has been
allowed to slumber in the House Ways
and Means Committee ever since. And
the unemployment prophesied by the
administration experts did not material
iZe
Evening star., 1946-07-02

Next Mr.. Truman and his Secretary
OF Commerce, Henry A. Wallace, in
sisted that wages in industry could be
increased perhaps 1s to 20 per cent
without bringing about an increase in
prices. Encouraged by this administra-
ton backing, labor unions Immediately
demanded even larger increases in pay.
Many of them finally got 1872 per cent
wage increases. And prices had to be
advanced In some degree. This was
mistake number 2. and bad one. In
nation was already on the way, with the
aid of the administration.
Then Mr.. Truman, following the advice
OF his OPA director, Chester Bowles, in
sisted that the OPA must be extended
as 1t was for another year from June 80.
Inc country was flooded with Govern
ment propaganda to the effect that
changes in the law would be disastrous
All this time, the production of do
mestlc, peacetime goods flagged-and
production was the greatest need. Full
production by itself can control and
keep down imitation, if given a chance
But that was not what the Government
planners wanted, apparently They
wanted to be able to tell the voters
when the time came that they, and they
alone, had been responsible for prevent
ing imitation. Production, however. has
not materialized in the quantity re-
quired by the people.
For example. monthly production OF
passenger automobiles is so per cent
below the monthly output in l941. In
the nine months following the armistice
ending hostllities at the close of the
first World War, the automotive in
dustry produced nearly 100000 more
passenger cars than have been turned
out in a similar period since VI day
last August. This has been due to
strikes, restrictive governmental con-
trols, loss of labor productivity. and
coal and steel strikes The industry
was geared to produce more automobiles
than at any time in history-but it has
been able to realize less than a third
of its goal
Some controls may be needed-but
not the kind of controls that interfere
with production. 1t may be that Con-
gress will re-enact some, but whether
Mr.. Truman will approve of its work
Is another matter. The whole question
Is expected to get into the coming con-
gressional campaign in big way.
Whatever happens now to the economy
OF the country-the Truman admin
istration will have to bear the blame. 1t
is In power-and the American people
are rot durh
Evening star., 1946-07-02
Not Very CONVINCING

1t will take more than it's bella ted
disapproval of strikes against the
Government to counteract the bad
impression which the newborn
United Public Workers of America
(CIO) created in the public mind in
making its debut at Atlantic City
recently. At that convention the
union started off on the wrong foot
the left one-by adopting a con-
stitution which could be interpreted
as condoning strikes by Federal en-
ployes under certain circumstances
and by passing a resolution causti-
cally criticizing American and Brit
ish foreign policy but avoiding any
criticism of Russia. It's tendency to
adhere to the Communist party line
in this and other resolutions could
hardly be termed coincidental.
AS result of its leftish stand the
Civil Service Commission denounced
the unions program and Congress
began to attach riders to depart
mental appropriation bills banning
employees who are members of an
organization asserting the right to
strike. 1t was as direct outgrowth
of the riders that the unions execu-
tive board decided to adopt an une-
quivocal no-strike policy The board
declined to withdraw the unions
resolutions criticizing the Govern
ment, however.
No reasonable person will be de-
ceived by the unions no-strike
pledge, in view of the circumstances
under which it was given. And its
refusal to repudiate the pro-Moscow
resolutions adopted at Atlantic City
makes it plain that 1t has not
changed its spots. Until 1t proves
itself to be pro-American rather
than pro-Russian or pro- -any-other-
country 1t will continue to be in
bad repute.
Evening star., 1946-07-02

surface ship obsolete. These inventors
could prove, on paper, that none of the
slow and heavy battleships and cruisers
had chance to withstand the attack
OF the submerged vessel armed with the
deadly torpedo. The submarine offers
a major contribution in naval warfare
today, particularly against commercial
shipping. But 1t alone cannot decide
victory at sea-
During the FirstsWorld War when the
KnoWledge OF the scientists was put to
work for destruction purposes more than
during any other previous armed con-
nlct poison gas, the tank and the plane
were developed. The consensus at the
end OF that war was that navies had
become obsolete because of the advent
OF the bomber plane; that the next war
would be very short and costly because
OF the poison gas which would cause
wholesale annihilation OF armies and
civilians alike, and that the infantry
had become useless because it could
resist neither the tank nor the bombs
which planes would drop from the skies
There were hard boiled military and
naval men who discounted these claims.
The tank and the fighter and bomber
planes played an important role in the
Second World War. The Nazis appeared
to be winning hands down principally
because their opponents had only a few
OF the modern weapons. But when the
Allies equalled and eventually exceeded
the production Of modern war materials
the Germans were defeated. The air
fleets and the modern tanks played
major part in the battles in Europe
but 1t was still the foot soldier on Doth
the western and eastern fronts as well
as in Africa who carried the day.
Most competent students in Washing
ton believe the Bikini experiment has
demonstrated that the atomic bomb is
an important addition to the instru-
ments Of destruction in modern warfare.
But 1t does not appear destined to make
obsolete all other branches of the fight
ing services as its enthusiastic adyo-
Gates maintain
Evening star., 1946-07-02
Not an Internationalist

Not an Internationalist
To the Editor of The Star:
The current policy OF most of the
newspapers, columnists, news COM
mentators, etc, seems to be toward or
favoring world government and for the
United States to give (under the guise
Of loan everything to foreign coun-
tries
All the talk at present is about the
veto power of Russia in U. N. No one
seems to realize that the veto power
in U. N. would be our only protection
IN the event that the other nations
decided to question our own mode of
government
You can well see that I am not in
favor of world government, feeding and
financing the other nations of the
world, and in my opinion, regardless Of
polls and the newspapers, the ma
jority OF the people of America are
not In favor of these objectives.
From what we all have seen and read
how could any one suggest leaving our
welfare in the hands of other coun-
tries? They have never been able to
get along with their neighbors or even
IN their internal affairs.
I am an ordinary garden variety of
an American, having had great grand
fathers and grandrpothers born in this
country. I also spent Is years in the
United States Army with overseas serv-
ice in the two World Wars
CLAUDE E. CAMPBELL,
Major, A. U. S., Retired.
Evening star., 1946-07-02
As Deadly as Ever

Publication of the Strategic Bomb
ing Surveys report on Hiroshima
and Nagasaki has been well timed
to sober anybody who may tend to
think that the first round OF the
Bikini test has left the atom looking
bit like Billy Conn after his recent
set-to with Joe Louis. The fact is
that it is still the most appallingly
destructive and most revolutionary
explosive force ever harnessed by
man, irrespective of its bearing on
the future of sea power.
The Surveys report leaves no room
for doubt on that score. One atomic
bomb carried by one plane virtually
wiped out Hiroshima and caused ap-
proximately 10000 casualties, half
OF them deaths. To have wrought as
much destruction with ordinary ex-
plosives and incendiaries would have
required flight of 210 Super Fort
resses loaded with a total of 2,1O0
tons Of bombs, and similar multi
plication of weight and effort would
have been needed in the case of
Nagasaki.
But comparative figures of this
sort are of merely incidental i'm
portance in the Surveys report. The
study's main significance rests in
its comprehensive and objective
evaluation OF what happened in the
two devastated cities and the inter
probation of this in terms of the
future security of America. The
popular impression is that urban
Japan is peculiarly flimsy and vul-
nerable, but the survey shows that
the overwhelming bulk of the build
ings in our own cities would fare no
better against Nagasaki-type bombs
Only reinforced concrete structures,
built with earthquakes in mind,
would survive, and the interiors of
these would be burned out unless
specially protected. AS for casual
ties, assuming a surprise atomic
attack, the losses in our cities might
easily be greater.
Our vulnerability. however, can be
reduced. Earthen and concrete