davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-08-14

The outline of what is emerging be-
hind the facade of the Peace Conference
is not think clear to the naive Ameri-
can mind. do not use the word naive
with contempt, being disinclined to
brand simple faith simplicity. Mr..
Byrnes still gave evidence of simple
faith, of naivete, in his address to the
conference last Saturday. He revealed
the dilemma of our foreign policy when,
appealing for cooperation he said, The
people do not want armies of occupa ton
continued indefinitely in countries which
are trying to reconstruct their national
life on democratic lines The
people want us to get on with the
peace
Mr.. Byrnes citizen Of a democracy
whose officials are made or broken by
popular will, believes he must bring
home the bacon of peace or the admin
istration to which he belongs will suffer
loss of prestige with the people The
treaties to be concluded at the Paris
conference will, of course, be no solu-
ton of the equation of peace. for they
will leave out the most important vari
ables: Germany and Austria.
But apart from that, what is actually
happening is that in pursuit of the will
o'-the-wisp, peace" Mr.. Byrnes is being
forced into "concessioneering as Alex
ander Sachs described 1T to me over
last week end, which Is actually "Mu-
nichizing' away the security OF the
United States. In fact, this Peace Con-
ference, like every previous conference
aimed at securing agreement. or una
nimity," is repetition of Munich or
Berchtesgaden. at which. also, the osten-
sible object was peace"
~ ~
Yet our situation should, it would
seem, be different. The United States
is not Great Britain. weak and disarmed
in 1888, nor Austria, utterly helpless
Are we not the worlds strongest Nation?
Have We not the atomic bomb?
Here, to describe what Is happening,
the power factors being what they are,
we need more accurately descriptive
word than Naturalization" Mr.. Sachs,
in our prolonged discussion, called it
contractionism"-a yielding in hope of
unity" to squeeze plays. which result
in steady narrowing and contraction
of American power, to the point where
it can become actually, or relatively,
nonexistent-atomic bomb or no atomic
bomb. For the atomic bomb, like every
other instrument of war, is effective
only in ratio to the political power posi-
ton of its possessor.
On our side, our aim is to prevent a
war; on the other side--the Russian
the aim is to win war. to win the
recent war, now, against its own allies;
to win. to put it precisely, all the fruits
of successful war against Britain and
the United States. by bloodless political
means. the object being nothing less
than world hegemony. In this play the
atomic bomb is irrelevant. as the Rus
slams know, which accounts for their
Evening star., 1946-08-14

Fire, republic which remained out of
the conflict. There is no legitimate rea
son why Fire should not be admitted
except that at one time, several months
ago, her government expelled Soviet
oficials who we're indulging in propa-
ganda rather than in negotiations
regarding some ships of the Baltic re-
publics which had been purchased by
the Fire government. Yet Russia wants
to bar this genuinely peace-loving nation
from the United Nations and can do so
by applying her veto power in the Secur-
ity Council
The Soviet wants to introduce into the
international body two puppets which
can hardly be described as sovereign
peace-loving countries One is Outer
Mongolia, an allegedly free republic with
some 500 900 inhabitants, one-sixth Of
whom are Russians This independent
republic, once part of China, is as
much part of Russia today as is the
Ukraine or Kazakstan. It's government is
entirely dependent on Moscow and its
entire system of communications is
Soviet-controlled as is the national
bank, in which Moscow has so per
cent participation.
similar situation exists in regard to
Albania. where Enver Hoxa the self
appointed Prime Minister, is holding
forth. Hoxa is a former member of the
Third international and while not di-
rectlv puppet of Moscow he is & puppet
OF MoscoW's puppet, Marshal Tito, the
ruler of Yugoslavia.
\
There should be no room for discus
sion when the application of Fire
ana these puppet totalitarian states
are being examined. But the Soviet
representative insists on his veto right
as an instrument to increase Russia
power in the Assembly. Moscow is said
to have issued instructions to Andrei
Gromyko, U. NJ delegate that for every
suspect nation such as Fire, Sweden.
Portugal or Switzerland, there shall be
at least two loyal" Russian satellites
admitted to the U. N.
Considering that there still are IA
republics belonging to the Soviet fedora
ton which have not yet become mem
bers of the U. NJ. Mr.. Gromyko will not
find 1t difficult to produce two candi-
dates for every nonsatellite state. The
veto power insures the Soviet delegate
of having his own way or blocking anv
new admission which may threaten
Russlas influence in the Assembly.
Evening star., 1946-08-14
On the Record
By Dorothy THOMPSON

HO"pSOn
own specifically amazing airiness in
the matter. For they are decorating 1t
automatically. It's power potential is
being foreclcsed by our conduct of for
eign affairs. While we are talking of a
possible crisis" 5, 10 or 20 years
from now, when the Russians have
1t, the Russians are steadily win
ming the objectives for which future
atomic war would be fought-world con-
troll assisted. as were the Nazis, by what
seems universal oxford Movement In
the western democracies.
X ~
Mr.. John Foster Dulles the other day
proposed another concession of Ameri-
can security to nonexistent peace when
he suggested that "the U. S. A. might
run slight risk in abandoning its quest
for geographical security by restricting
It's program of widespread (oceanicl
bases, in order to do away with the
greater risks inherent in the tensions
the search builds up"
In return for what quid pro quo?
Are the tensions really the result of the
American quest? Can the United
States, where only Congress may declare
war, launch surprise attack of aggres-
sion? Are island bases in the hands of
: the United States. by every inference
bases for aggression? Did we, for in
stance, launch a surprise attack on
Japan from the Philippines? Or have
we ever sought to conquer Central
America from the Panama Canal?
But the reality is that wherever the
fluSsian armies Standard We agreed
for the sake of "unarfimity') to stand
them in Vienna, Prague and Berlin and
over half of the Reich, hating or with
drawing our own speedier- moving forces
for that purpose-the Russians are
annexing the territories, by mixture
of direct and indirect confiscation, and
acquiring not merely bases" but
armies. industries. and populations.
Under the slogan of reparations last
week they confiscated and annexed to
the Soviet the whole recently national
lied heavy industries Of their enormous
German zone, "as large as all the others
combined. These industries included
I. G. Farben chemicals, zeiss optical
works, Leuna synthetic oil-all indus
tries vital to war-Whose workers with
those of other such annexed industries
repeatedly number 3000,0 900, now to be
directly controlled and proselytized by
their employers and for whom there is
no Wagner Act.
They are fighting to do the same in
Austria. And, of course, the moment
these industries become Russian" the
disarmament provisions concerning
them lapse. The Russians needed no
atomic bomb for that coup. They needed
only our simple faith.
Let our State Department take in
ventory of our world position as it is
today, and as it was on the morrow of
victory. Are we still internationally
solvent?
12alaasAa hu III. pau sunaic.ts 1n.A
Evening star., 1946-08-14
Danger From Low Flying

Danger From Low Flying
To the Editor Of The Star:
A large plane has Just roared over
head, very low and very rapid. That is
no unusual occurrence. 1t Is taking place
every day and many times a day. Oc-
casionally one stunts" as happened one
Sunday morning several weeks ago as
people were on their way to church, and
everybody along upper Sixteenth street
stopped, awed to see and hear it bank
and roll
We just now are very busy tightening
automobile traflc regulations because
we just have had series of bad acci-
dents. The horse is stolen, hurry and
lock the barn!
Are we waiting for a plane accident
over our city? Why must planes be
allowed to fly back and forth at will,
with no apparent restriction as to speed
or course and little as to altitude? One
might suppose that certain lanes would
be established for planes entering and
leaving the city, and that. aside from
this, flying over this densely populated
area would be prohibited. Or must we
wait for crash? r. s. HAY.
Evening star., 1946-08-14

-of-step with the multitude. His
radicalism was his own private
brand. He was a failure as a poll
tician. Yet he lived to see much of
his scheme" for an ideal society
translated from theories into facts.
Fame ard fortune came to him
unrest-ictcd-particularly from the
many rrintlngs Of his Outline of
History. If he was not happy st
the apex Of his career, It IS because
happiness by It's very nature is a
myth. at the moment of his de-
partuFe, his influence seems more
likely to endure than he supposed
when rot long ago he told w. Somer-
set Vaughan that he had wasted
his talents on ephemeral issues.
Evening star., 1946-08-14
H. G. Wells

The Importance of H. G.. Wells In
the changing world of his day may
be gagged by the variety of opinions
which people entertain concerning
him. He is difficult to classify be-
cause there were so many different
facets 10 his mind and his career
Nobody places" him by calling him
a propaganda" Neither does it
solve any problem to insist, as the
generality of radical critics do, that
he was at his best as literary artist
when he was passionate partisan"
crusading for reform very largely
for the sake of reform.
1t is true, of course, that he fore
told the atomic bomb, but Mr. Wells
in the role of prophet was simply
MIR. Wells taking chances. He did
what Jules Verne had done md
would not have deserved to be re-
membered for strictly independent
achievement if he had accomplished
nothing but The Time Machine"
and THE War of the Worlds" Those
books established his claim to seri-
Gus consideration as a creator of
readable fiction, but it was Love
and Mr.. Levisham," "Kipps" and
'Tono Bungay" which made him
known as an analyst of human char
acter, an interpreter of human
motivations and objectives. Ann
Veronica" won him a larger audi
ence; THE Wife of Sir Isaac Har-
man." "Bealby" and especially THE
History of Mr.. Polly"-all of these
somewhat patiently photographed
in their materials-proved that he
had discernment and sympathy
beyond the average of his con-
temporaries.
The First World War gave Mr..
Wells series of opportul tiles which
he exploited to the limit. His "Mr
Britling Sees 1t Through" in 1916
was what Mrs. Miniver" was ap-
proximately three decades later. In
THE Undying Fire" he modernized
the sorrows of Job and in Men Like
Gods" and The Dream" he "let
himself go" as an incorrigible
utopian. All of these works were
tracts of vast utility in an era OF
establishment. Their author was
at his best as builder of morale
in the face of disaster. He could be
peSsimistit on occasion-"The World
of William Clissold" is an example
of such mood-but commonly he
was hopeful: His 'rediscovery' OF
God and his belief in the feasibility
of "a worldwide system of repub-
lican states" as "the only possible
formula under which we may hope
to unity and save mankind" showed
the direction of his heart.
Mr.. Wells, unfortunately, was moi
as consistently convincing as q
prophet and reformer must be
II he is to crafty the crowds yeal
after year. BY temperament he wa.
Evening star., 1946-08-14

ing" of wire or wireless messages.
1t is this controversial section
which led the Supreme Court to
outlaw court evidence obtained by
tapping the wires of a criminal or
suspected criminal And it is this
legal restriction which the Roberts
report on Pearl Harbor said ham
pered American intelligence agen-
cies in checking on the activities of
known japanese agents in Hawaii
prior to December 7, 1941, and
which the recent report Of the Joint
Committee on Investigation of the
Pearl Harbor Disaster recommended
be modified in the interest of
national security The next Congress
should give careful consideration to
the warnings and recommendation
of those who see the folly and the
perils of handicapping our intelli-
gence agents in checking on the
activities of spies and other danger
OuS criminals
Evening star., 1946-08-14
This Changing World
By G. Constantine Bro,yn

The indiscriminate application OF the
veto power may destroy the United
Nations just as Poland was destroyed
In the 18th century, when she was the
aior power in Eastern Europe. Poland
fell to pieces chiefly because every
member of Parliament had veto
privilege whereby he was able to cancel
any piece of legislation and even the
Diet by merely exclaiming ME psz-
walam' CT disapprove'D. Corrupt no.
blemen frequently became the pawns
of foreign governments which wanted
to wipe out the kingdom and eventually
succeeded
There is serious danger that the
United Nations may suffer the fate of
Poland If the use of the veto is applied
too literally by any one Of the Big Five
which have been endowed with this
discretionary power.
The move to form an international
organization to prevent further wars
and injustices was stif1ed during the
ilrst conference at Dumbarton Oaks
here in 1914 because the Soviet repre-
sentative insisted on the veto right.
Moscow was unyielding on this subject.
During the Yalta meeting President
Roosevelt. who considered the creation
OF an international body with vast
powers essential to the maintenance CT
lasting peace, gave in to the demands
of Prime Minister Stain. 1t was the
only way to obtain Russias participation
at the San Francisco Conference The
doctrine of the veto was adopted with
the tacit understanding that it would
be used in moderation and only when
very serious matters affecting the safety
of any OF the big powers were involved.
X X
Ever since the birth Of the United
Nations the Soviet representatives have
made indiscriminate use of this power,
known in the Polish constitution of 300
years ago AS the "liberum veto"
The charter of the United Nations
provides that all peace-loving nations
may become members of the organiza-
tion provided they accept the obliga-
tions Of the charter and lin Judgment
Of the organization are able and willing
to carry out these obligations
The Assembly passes on the admis-
slons, but 1t is the Security Council
which makes the necessary recon-
mendations after investigating the
qualifications of the applicants
number of countries have been left
outside the United Nations because
they did not participate in the war.
They are now applying for membership.
Among the petitioners, for instance, is
Evening star., 1946-08-14

SANTA BARBARA, Calif.-AS this
column Is resumed after two weeks q
few general political observations are in
order. I have Travelled by automobile
from Chicago to California There were
stops for political observations in Wis
consin, Minnesota, Montana Washing
ton and Oregon. Special note was taken
concerning the contests for House and
Senate seats.
1t Is too early to venture into the
hazards of predictions. A large number
of the contestants are just getting home
from Washington, and things will not
warm up for a month or more. Only
those whose business is politics and
those who delude themselves with wish
full thinking will venture a guess as to
the complexion of the next Congress-
But of one thing We can be sure. There
will be large and significant changes
Over the Nation II Senators will be
replaced with new faces. At last reckon
ing, five members of the Senate have
been defeated And seven have retired.
It is certain that number of others
will be defeated for election. Let us
hazard the guess that at least 16 or IS
new Senators will appear when Con-
gress assemblies next January That is
enough to affect very considerably the
general atmosphere of the Upper House.
X 4
What will these new Senators be like?
On the basis of what saw and heard
on this trip, and from other informa-
ton, a few generalizations can be made.
These new members will be younger
than the average in the Senate. Most
of them will have war records Those
who will bear the label of Republican
will take party affiliation lightly. They
will be more favorable toward broad
internationalism than those whom they
replace. 1t may well be that con-
siderable reorientation of the two par
Evening star., 1946-08-14
A RevocubIe Privilege

Traffic and law enforcement au-
thorities are right in emphasizing
that a drivers permit confers a
privilege, rather than a right to
drive in city traffic, and that abuse
of the privilege will lead to revoca-
ton of the permit. One form of
abuse is dangerous driving, and the
commonest form Of dangerous driv-
ing is excessive speed.
Loss of permit is far greater
punishment, for many people, than
heav5 fine. It is more practical
form of punishment, in most cases,
than a jail sentence. And there is
inescapable logic in depriving a
citizen of a privilege when he has
shown himself incapable or unwill-
ing in meeting the obligation to
the public which the privilege
confers.
But it would be mistake to go
too far in this respect and to set
so rigid new standard in auto
matte permit revocation that the
machinery will bog down and the
plan will lose public support. Traffic
Director Keneipp has proposed sew
eral reasonable changes in present
practice regarding permit revoca-
ton. Others, seizing on the same
principle, want to go much further
SO far and so fast, in fact, as to
invite ridicule. It would be we'll to
begin moderately, to enforce strictly
what seems to be the most reason
able plan and to observe the results
carefully. The most important
lesson to be taught is that the citi-
zen who refuses to discharge the
serious personal responsibility of
driving an automobile safely cannot
be allowed to continue to drive. If
standards for judging safe driving
are set too high, however, the new
attempt to teach this lesson will
end in another failure.
Evening star., 1946-08-14
Sundown

Together notO tue ,oatch the sun 90 dotDn.
Ho1U many times each saW it set, alone.
When like mighty king upon throns
The sky adorned its iridescent cro,pn
OF je,pels: Rubtes blurred NTH chryso-
praSe
And topaz tipped with sapphires- and
1Dith gold,
Until the aching eyes could barely hold
Such splendor till they closed against
the blaze,
Yet eUery sunset that preceded this 6
Was but a prologue to the final play: =
1t ,pos promise not the actual Kiss.
1t ,Uns an intimation but today,
Sharing its beauty, ire become duars 3
OF loneliness almost too sharp to bear.
MAE WINKLER GOODMAN. :
Evening star., 1946-08-14
Discrimination at Home

hlSCIiIIlIhdtlOH AT T1Ome
To the Editor Of The Star
A great deal has been written to show
how much we detest the lynchings in
the South. But how many people
realize that the pattern of segregation
and discrimination practiced here in the
Nations Capital against Negroes is a
part Of the same cloth that breeds
lynching? The only difference is that
Negroes are Inundated, prevented from
exercise of human rights, and denied
jobs and places to live decently but are
not murdered.
1t seems that the last two wars have
taught us nothing.
E. B. HENDERSON.
Highland Beach. Md.
Evening star., 1946-08-14

From the Christian Science Monitor.
When you finally do get to build that
new home, be- sure to have a fiat roof
for helicopter landing. Garages will.
be used only for velocipedes and gar
den tools in 10 years, they tell us.
Evening star., 1946-08-14
Horror Impendina?

reproduction Rights Reserved)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-10-24
-Four YugosIov Flyers Denied
Citizenship Still Have Hopes
By w. H. Shipper, Jr.

dent Roosevelt and Ambassador
Constantine Fotich of Yugoslavia.
They fought in Africa with the
American 18th Air Force and later
in Italy with the 18th Air Force,
meanwhile receiving their pay,
something more than half that of
their American comrades in arms,
from the Yugoslav government in
exile at London.
This pay stopped, however, in
September, 1914, when Titos gov
eminent was officially recognized by
the British, and the airmen de-
cided to continue their fight against
the Nazis with the United States
Army Air Forces. For a year, un-
til they were commissioned into
the Army by presidential order,
the Yugoslavs served without pay.
But, as Capt. Skakich explained,
they had Army food, lodging and
CT uniforms-"good enough he
added, unless you want to dress
up" Too, he neither smoked nor
drank, since these were luxuries to
a man trying to scrape up money
to send his family.
The strangest part sof Capt.
Skakich's story, perhaps, is the fact
that months ago citizenship was
granted to the Yugoslav bombardier,
navigator and radio operator who
served under his command in the
italian campaign.
One received his citizenship from
a Federal Judge at st. Louis and
the other two at Chicago.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-10-24
Navy Reservists Turn Homes
Into Recruiting Headquarters
By Miriom Ottenberq

paper work Is time consuming and
the officers frequently have to
spend money in rounding up re-
cruits, they receive no pay and are
not compensated for their expenses,
IA Naval Reserve spokesman said.
1.-The results of our request for
volunteer recruiting units have been
amazingly successful" the officer
said, Apparently lot Of officers
are still interested In the Navy
and want to help.
A three-day recruiting expert
ment in Freeport, Long Island
population, $4,000, produced SO
Naval Reserve officers who wanted
to serve as recruiters and Ito re-
Ienlistments, 1t was reported. In
Freeport lawyer, formerly q lieu
tenant commander, has turned over
half of his Office to recruiting space,
and uses his stenographer to type
the mass OF papers involved In
signing up.
In an Iowa town, according to the
Naval Reserve spokesman, the vol
unteer firehouse has been turned
into recruiting office by the volun-
teers.
In the Volunteer Reserve, former
enlisted men can retain their war
time rating and take part in as
much Reserve activity as possible,
including correspondence courses.
They are also eligible for summer
cruises. In the Organized Reserve,
of which there are several units
in the Potomac River Naval Com
mand, the men attend regular drills
which consist of training in their
specialties-and they can study for
advancement in rating.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-10-24

Hundreds Of Naval Reserve Of
ficers who have returned to civilian
life are turning their business Of
fees and homes into recruiting head
quarters in the Nays latest effort
to build up a strong reserve, it was
learned today.
BY mid-October, reports from
half the naval districts revealed SIG
officers now on inactive duty had
been appointed to the United States
Naval Reserve Volunteer Recruiting
Units and hundreds of other Of
ficers are scheduled for appoint
ment.
Their job is to recruit and swear
in World War II veterans who want
to enlist in the volunteer or organ
lied Reserve. Naval Reserve head
quarters here worked up the idea
over the summer as a means OF
reaching those who want to enlist
but live in small towns hundreds OF
miles from recruiting offices.
Although the vast amount OF