davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1946-09-12
Farm Machinery Output
Shows Big Jump For 1916

Washington. - The Census Bureau
disclosed that production of farm ma
chimes and equipment in 1945 was
valued at 758 million dollars, an in
crease OF 13 per cent over the 672
million reported for 1914. Manufac-
turers' sales showed an increase of
Ia per cent during the same period.
The Census Bureau also reported
increased experts Of wheat, corn, coal
and industrial machinery, which ac-
counts for the increase in the value
Of domestic imports from $815C00,-
OOG in May of this year to SS58,000,
900 in June. Except for the rise in
industrial machinery exports in June,
shipments of finished manufactures
as whole would have fallen below
May
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1946-09-12

Demand the Union Label
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1946-09-12

MUSICIANS OUT - Members of
Local 8O2, American Federation of
Musicians (AFL picket New York
hotels after owners refused to accept
union demands for an adequate wage
boost. The hotel operators answered
the musicians by sending them dis
missal notices. Federated Pictures).
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1946-09-12

Please don't rest your weight on
my shoulder-I may tumble.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1946-09-12

A woman seldom gives the man the
benefit of any doubt.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-29
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

Indeed, in two Maryland districts, both
now represented by Democrats, the 4th
and the 1st districts, the Negro voting
population percentages are 20 and %.
respectively In IS districts, the Negro
voting population per cent Is per cent
or over, and in go districts it Is 3 per
cent or over.
This Negro voting population plays its
part in Los Angeles districts, in New
York City, in Philadelphia, in Detroit. In
Chicago, in Kentucky, Missouri, New
Jersey and Connecticut districts. The
COP must hold its own in the present
House and win IS seats from the Demo-
carts to get bare majority there.
Representative Hull of Wisconsin, a
Progressive today, has been nominated
as Republican and will win election
beyond q doubt, accounting for the new
rs figure needed by the Republicans in
the House
Chairman Reece of the Republican
National Committee, in an address in
Buffalo, gave many Of the arguments
which his party is making to the Ne
groes for their support at the polls. He
asserted that ut is irrational for the
O1CQ RCOplC Vi tIlC lNOAtAA " 6fC
political support to the Democrats"
either on sociological Or economic
grounds. The Democratic party, he
said, Is composed of three groups: The
Southern bloc, which believes in racial
discrimination, from whom the Negroes
can expect nothing; the Democratic
machines in the big cities. which Mr..
Reece insisted are out merely for power
and graft and care nothing about the
) advancement OF the Negroes, and the
''Red-Fascist" group, which is seeking
to exploit the Negro vote in order to
break down the American system. This
group, Mr. Reece commended, would
return the Negroes to the bonds of
slavery, from which the Republican
party freed them
Chandler Owens-a Negro-has said
that most Negroes think only of polit-
ical jobs when appraising political
party. This is a mistake" Mr. Owens
pointed out that Federal and State
political jobs number only 1000 900 out
of total of about 1000 900, and that
the Negroes are really more interested
in "a per cent of the total jobs-not
political Mr.. Reece argued that the
Negroes are given better protection in
their jobs in States now controlled by
the Republican party, and will continue
to have that protection.
The dominant position held by South
ern Democrats as chairmen of congress
sional committees and their ability to
hamstring legislation in which Negroes
are interested is another reason given
to the Negro voters by the Republican
campaigners for coming home"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-29

In the brawling at Paris that passes
for q peace conference, the Italian
delegates have several times threatened
to refuse to sign a peace treaty that
doesn't make further concessions to
Italy. But Italy is in no position to
refuse to sign on the dotted line.
Italy is an occupied. country and
every italian, Communist or Fascist
or something in between, ardertly de-
sires an end to the military occupa-
ton. Until peace treaty goes into
effect, the foreign occupation will con-
tinue Also, Italy wants credits, UNI
trammeled foreign trade. and recogni-
semigreat power. These aspirations
the technical status Of q defeated
enemy.
After World War I, threats to refuse
to sign the treaty Of Versailles came
out of Germany when the Reich dis
covered the terms of the treaty. But
the threats came to naught.
M
Germany was not party to the
Paris Conference in 1919 which formu-
lated the terms of peace. The peace
treaty was ready for presentation to
the defeated foe In less than four
months. The German delegation to
Paris, headed by Count Brockdorff-
Rantzau, received the draft Of the
treaty on May Z, 1919 The Germans
were allowed full intercourse with their
government but were denied access to
the Allied peace delegations.
The Germans wanted the right to
argue orally, but were told that argu-
ments would be received only in writing,
The German delegation thereupon Is
sued steady stream OF protests and
observations on various parts Of the
treaty. The definitive counterproposals
OF the German government, running
TO AZ pages, were handed in on May
10. They concluded with 4 prophecy
that the treaty would reduce Germany
to despair and extremism. Count
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-29

secretary or Agriculture Ander-
son, acting in accordance with an
obligation laid upon him by the last
Congress, has decided to impose
ceilings on beef and pork somewhat
higher than those which prevailed
on June 80, but which still are sub
stantially lower than the recent
free market" prices. His decision
seems to be wise one.
1t is true that in coming to this
decision Mr.. Anderson found him
self In conflict with the views of
Price Administrator Paul Porter
and was compelled, in effect, to
override him. Mr.. Porter has made
no public statement of his position,
with the result that there has been
no opportunity to appraise the
factual basis on which he advocated
lower ceiling prices. But Mr.. Ander-
sons statement, even standing
alone, is persuasive.
He acted under an instruction
from Congress ito promote the
earliest practicable balance between
production and demand" In his
view this means not a temporary,
but continuing balance. The fact
is, however, that because of uncer-
tainty over price ceilings there has
been rush to market animals not
yet ready for slaughter and this
current slaughter of underweight
hogs and cattle, while providing
immediate meat supplies, is certain
to result in a serious shortage next
year
Mr.. Anderson wants to curb this
dangerous trend by establishing a
price structure which will remove
the incentive for premature market
ing of livestock and which also will
encourage farmers to increase their
production of meat animals during
the coming months and make it
feasible for corn belt farmers to buy
the range animals and fatten them
AL ACCo 1Oto. IL tlllS 10 llot oOllC, ltS
says, the end result will be the sale
for slaughter this fall of large num-
bers of range animals which ought
to 60 to the feed lots, with a cor
responding shortage of beef avail
able for consumers this winter and
spring.
His position seems to be a sensible
one, and past experience indicates
that he is right. Even if he Is
mistaken, however, the error is one
OF judgment, and no rational person
will doubt that Mr. Anderson has
made an honest decision. Because
of this it is astonishing that the
CLIO Cost of Living Committee should
attack him as the "mouthpiece of
profiteers" and demand to know
whether the President stands behind
him.
These are the tactics of reck-
lessly irresponsible group seeking to
browbeat a public official If the
President Endorses Mr.. Anderson's
decision, which he probably does, he
ought to make that fact unmistak-
ably clear.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-29

The Republican national organization
Is striving in the present congressional
campaign to break the hold which the
now defunct Roosevelt administration
had on the Negro vote in important
States and congressional districts of the
North and West. 1t used to be Jim"
Farley's maxim that as long as the
Democrats put up candidates capable
of getting the labor and Nego votes,
the party could and would stay in
power. The Roosevelt administration
did everything it could to keep in the
good graces of these two groups OF
voters, winning the Negro vote first
by relief" of various kinds and mag
pitude during the early years of the
depression.
How important the Negro vote is in
many of the big and industrial States,
and in large number OF congressional
districts, j. clear from comparison
of the size of the Negro voting popula-
ton chose who are II years OF age and
over with the total voting population
of those States and districts. The latest
figures available are those OF the 1910
census. Since that census was taken
there has been an influx Of Negroes
into some OF the large industrial areas
of the north and west which probably
increases the Importance of the Negro
potential voting power.
In eight important States where the
fight for control of the House and the
Senate is being waged this year the
ratio of Negro voting population
potential voters to the total voting
population tells its own story. 1t en-
phasizes the reason why both Repub-
lican and Democratic organizations are
doing their best to win or to hold
support OF this group.
~ X
New York's total potential voting
population is 1897, 1858 and its Negro po-
tential voting population, 343, 062-42
per cent of the total. The figures for the
seven other States are as follows: New
Jersey, total voting population 1882, S78
Negro voting population al ,077-5.4 per
cent: Pennsylvania, 6,031 1927, 704-
40 per cent; Illinois, $500 200
81 per cent: Michigan, 1881 ,722-136 900
-4.3 per cent; Delaware. Ill ,S56-22, 1897
-13.3 per cent; Maryland, 1,153, 510-
1872 ,068-158 per cent; Missouri, 2,463,-
726-164, 418-6.7 per cent. In each OF
these States, except Illinois, United
States Senators are being elected this
year as we'll as Representatives, and in
most of them, Governors.
The Republicans realize well the inn
portance of the Negro vote in many of
the socalled marginal" congressional
Observation-Disclosures where both parties
have fighting chances Of victory. In 20
of these districts the Negro voting popu-
lation is 10 per cent or more Of the total.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-29
Dilemma
FROM tn. BOSTON Globe.

Prom the Boston Globe.
Paraphrasing the classic injunction to
eat cake If bread is not available, one
might say. IF you can't get flour and
bread here, go to Canada" However,
according to complaints to Congress,
Canada is coming to us in the form of
bread and flour. New England millers
have protested shipments Of these COM
modities into this region from across the
border even while they themselves fail
to supply their normal markets.
Obviously, II Canada has wheat sup
plies, she must be handling the situa-
ton better than we. Our own milling
extraction rate is being continued at 80
per cent, while grain elevators and farm
bins are far from empty and millions
here 20 without and millions abroad
starve. Canada continues to scott ut
higher extraction rates while using
sensible ways and means of weaving
sR~in stocks from storage places for
export.
We suggest that congressional COM
nittee investigate this situation, COM
pare the Canadian and American sys-
TENS and prepare 4 remedy that will
really work. As conditions are now, We
have shut OF our own customary bread
supplies while European lardes remain
empty. There must be some solution
for this ridiculous dilemma.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-29

task Of smashing through in the
face Of determined Turkish oppo-
sition was available. The Allied
expedition was carefully planned in
Egypt. Five points of attack were
developed. Australian and New Zea-
land detachments especially covered
themselves with glory. But the
Turks, led by the German General
Liman Won Sanders, could not be
dislodged. Finally the Allies with
drew. Among the casualties was
Rupert Brooke, the poet, who died
in Scyros on Shakespeare's birthday,
1915.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-29
First Month at Paris

Every one is familiar with the
saying that "the first hundred years
are the hardest" Wearied observers
of the current diplomatic gathering
in Paris can only hope that the
slightly cynical remark will apply in
this case, and that the first month
of the Paris Conference, which
completes itself today, may mark
the beginning of smoother and more
profitable progress toward the goal
for which it was ostensibly con-
vened.
The initial month has set a new
record In the annals OF diplomacy
for wrangling. recrimination and
systematic sabotage, with virtually
nothing accomplished in the way of
concrete business. The basic reason
is, of course, the obstructive tactics
of Soviet Russia and its satellites.
their purpose obviously being to
delay everything, both to enforce
their views on the conference and
to better Moscow's position in the
regions now under her de facto con-
troll. The wrangles over procedural
points are being supplemented by
flood of proposed amendments and
suggestions to the draft treaties for
the former Axis satellites and italy,
which, il all discussed and argued
about at length, could postpone the
windup of the conference almost
Indefinitely.
1t is presumably in an effort to
pull the conference out of the rut
into which 1t has fallen that the
Big -Four Council OF Foreign Minis
tiers is slated to meet and consider
what, II anything, can be done. This
meeting may be fruitful ii the par
Elephants are all animated by a
genuine desire to facilitate matters
The fear expressed in many quar-
tiers. however. is that the Russians
will make another attempt to short
circuit the general conference OF the
twenty-one nations by arriving at
a Big Four understanding which
would be imposed upon the smaller
nations, reducing the Paris Confer
ence to sort Of rubber stamp on
the Big Four decisions. This is what
Moscow has aimed at from the start,
and this is also what our Govern
ment, in particular, has most strenu-
ously opposed. Indeed, this clash OF
antithetical concepts has been be-
hind much or even most Of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-29
If Italy Won't Sign
By Bertram BENEDICT

Brockdorff -Rantzau followed with 4
prediction that Germany would never
sign.
The Allies set up 10 commissions to
consider the German contemporaries.
As result, the terms were modified in
some respects. The boundaries with
Poland and Denmark in certain local
tiles were altered in favor of Germany,
in other localities were to be governed
by the results of plebiscites. Germany
received also certain concessions on
coal, and was allowed longer time to
treatment to German minorities.
The Allies answer was handed in on
June Is, and Germany was ordered to
accept or reject. Meanwhile, the Allied
armies made preparations to move into
Germany; conversely, Germany was
assured that the blockade would be
lifted as soon as the treaty was accepted
The Scheidemann government Of Ger
many resigned rather than sign; so did
Brockdorn- Rantzau. But unrest was
spreading In Germany, and the leader
Of the Catholic Centre, Erzberger, ex-
erted every effort to have the treaty
accepted. Tin 1921 he was assassinated
for his palms,
A new Socialist entrist government
was formed. It offered to sign with
reservations on handing over the Kaiser
and other war criminals for trials and
on accepting full responsibility for the
war But the Allies would make no
more concessions, and on June 20 new
German delegation signed the Treaty
OF Versailles.
~
Earlier, In 1918, the Soviet government
had at hrst refused to ratify the peace
treaty forced upon it by Germany, but
had to ratify when German troops
began to re-inyade Russia After the
war. ! new government Of Turkey under
Mustapha Kemal repudiated the peace
treaty accepted. by the old government
and made good its defiance BY force Of
arfns.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-29

The Greeks are more politically
minded than any other people in the
Balkan peninsula. This explains the
frequent political changes which have
occurred in that country since 1t ceased
to be Turkish protectorate in the last
century. But the Greeks also are ardent
patriots who know instinctively when
their national existence is in Jeopardy.
The activities Of the Russian supported
EMA and ELIAS organizations have
opened their eyes to what Greeces fate
will be If their otherwise weak monarch
were not returned. at least temporarily.
These trends. which are known in
Washington, are, Of course, even more
fully realized In Moscow
The Russian and Yugoslav Ambassa-
doris are reported to have been ordered
to leave their posts when Moscow be-
came aware beyond any doubt that the
plebescite would favor Georges return
The departure OF the two ENJOYS will
permit the Greek Communists and the
Moscow government to declare the pleb-
escite phoney. This may lead to an
open break CT diplomatic relations be-
tween Russia and her satellites and
Greece.
The implications of such an action are
clear. The Ukrainian Foreign Minister,
D. Manuilsky, sounded the alarm that
Greece weak and economically broken
down countryAwas a threat to world
peace when he referred the case" to
tine Security Council.
The mythical Macedonian govern
ment" Is now being brought to the fore
as representing something tangible The
Macedonians claim Northern Greece
the country's breadbasket-with Salon.
ika, the most important port in the
Aegean Sea, as their future capital.
Political weather prophets in Wash
ington and London fear that the sequel
to next Sundays plebescite will place
the Greek government in the predica-
ment of having to cope at home with an
armed Instruction caused by the mill
tarily well -organized Greek Communists
and an attack from the Slavs from out
side. 1t is doubtful. because of Russia
veto power, that the u N. can effectively
intervene in the expected troubled area.
The presence of some 10000 British
troops on Greek territory, together with
the arrival OF American warships at
Piraeus and Salonika, may be of some
help. But Moscow and its stooges
throughout the world are expected to
denounce the "imperialistic aims" Of the
United States and Great Britain and
shout Capitalist Intervention" while
helping their supporters place Greece
behind the iron curtain.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-29
On Helping Tito

Herbert Hoover's proposal that the
United States stop sending relief
Supplies to Yugoslavia until the Tito
government lives up to its pledges,
particularly with respect to the
holding of a general election, will
not sit we'll with those who contend
that our relief activities should not
be tied in any way to the attain
ment Of our political detectives.
Theirs is point of view which is
difficult to support logically, how
ever, and which takes little or no
account of the realities which pre-
vail in Eastern Europe.
During and since the war the
United States has spent something
like $270,O00,000 in aiding Yugo-
slavia, primarily through lease-lend
and UNRRA. The distribution of
these supplies Is controlled by the
Communists and it would be naive
in the extreme to suppose that the
distribution has not been manipu-
lated with view to fastening the
Tito regime on the people of Yugo-
slavia, who, according to Mr.. Hoover,
have not been permitted to know
that they have been getting food,
medicine, machinery, ETC., from the
United States. Furthermore, Tito
maintains an army Of 100000 men
out of population of 1900 900.
If these men had not been in uni
form they could have been at work
the past year producing food and
other commodities for themselves
and their country. Why does Tito
keep such a relatively large armed
force, and why should we help him,
directly or indirectly, to maintain it
by sending him food and other sup
plies?
Certainly, with Russia standing
behind Yugoslavia, Tito does not
need his army for purposes of ma
tional defense. More probably he is
using it, first to maintain himself in
power and, second, to take >advan-
tage of such opportunities for terri
torial grabs as the future may bring.
II these assumptions are sound, then
it follows that this country, through
its relief program, is assisting Tito
in a course of action that is squarely
opposed to the political purposes for
which we fought the war and which
is inimical to the kind of peace set
Element for which we are striving.
The question which this raises is
larger than the issue presented by
the action of the Yugoslav air force
in shooting down two unarmed
American transports. Standing
alone, these might be viewed as
shocking and deplorable incidents.
But they do not stand alone. They
are integral parts of a whole pic
ture-a picture of calculated pro-
gram on Tito's part to Illustrate and
nullify the political detectives
toward which we are working and
which we believe to be vital to the
maintenance of peace And we
should at least face the fact that
in sending supplies to Tito we are
not merely rendering humani-
tartan service to the Yugoslav
people. We are also helping this
Balkan Hitler to stay in power and
sabotage our efforts to build better
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1946-08-29
Statesmen Only Temporary

Statesmen Only Temporary
To the Editor of The Star:
To be cynical is the best policy for the
world we live in today. Notice how the
past statesmen of the world with their
apparent good motives led nations
blindly into war after war. The policies
of competent leader do not mean any
thing, If they cannot be duplicated by
the man following in his footsteps,
The administrator of a state is only
temporary, whether he is qualified or
not. He cannot be kept on eternally.
Who knows what course the next man
succeeding will follow? Maybe disas-
trous! The fallacy of seemingly good
doctrines is self-evident by the outcome
of them, for in most cases they have
been proven naught to the better In
terest OF mankind. Maybe some one can
change my opinion on this theory, but
past history makes me doubtful.
HENRY j. SOMMERS.