davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-05-19

rabbit warrens, and neglected i'll the
distribution of improvements.
In these northern cities, where
there is no segregation as such, the
tendency on the part of those who
make and administer public opinion
is to ignore this problem or play it
down. When trouble arises there
follow pious exclamatlons of dis
tress. protestations that the Crisis
was undeserved and unpredlCtable,
demands that somebody do some
thing about it. and finally the COM
placent phrase: well. that's over"
The enormous prospective in
crease in motor cars, trucks and
buses must be anticipated. This does
not. as some suppose. necessltate
the complete reconstruction of cit
les. 1t does mean large expenditures
of federal, state and city highway
and parkway funds for belt or Cir
cumferential drives, expressways
straight through town. building Of
arterial spokes and other devices
Shift Oux Taxes
ALL cities suffer from debt and
tax problems. Almost all are in some
conflict with federal and state juris-
dictions over methods of raising
revenues. The burden on real estate
has. in many cities, become lntol-
cradle and a shift to other taxes is
required.
Cities render too many services
free which should be wholly or
partly self-supporting, They neglect
necessities and go wild over new
things like airports. Through public
indifference and generally low stand
ards the administration gets into the
hands of cheap politicians and in
COIuptIentS.
The great paradox and riddle of
city government lies in two appar-
emily conflicting but actually recon-
cilable principles. The first is that
without vision the people perish.
The second is that administration,
like water. cannot rise above its
own level. In other words, you must
have leaders. and they must have
followers with a high common de-
nominator of citizenship.
Next tceek's Forecast: "What's
Happening to Our Doctors" BY
One of Them.
Evening star., 1946-05-19
Plan Our Cities

Our cities have grown too fast
Our citizens have been too much alb
sorbed in money-making. quick
turnovers. rugged individualisra, ex-
ploitation and uncontrolled compe-
tition to pay much attention to
community planning in the common
interest and preservation and en-
hancement of our resources.
With increasing leisure, better
education, broader democracy, we
are beginning to understand what
we owe our cities and the extent to
which we have fouled our own nests
in the past.
We must, to begin with, fix not
only the size but the population linn
its of our cities. This cannot be done
by fat, but it can be done by in
telligent and drastic zoning regula-
tions. These would hold down the
bulk of buildings, widen streets, and
add greatly to parks, Fairgrounds,
squares and other open spaces. They
would also prevent further conges-
Evening star., 1946-05-19
= So lneoospicvovs

TN WEARING my new Zenith Hearing
Aid and can hear again!
Yes i admit it took me long time
to come to my senses. For years l
thought it was strictly my affair if |
didn't wear an aid.
But when realized was penalizing
my friends, too-forcing them to shout
to make me hear-I decided my not
wearing an aid was actually selfish.
So tried Zenith. And I've worn
it as casually as eyeglasses ever since.
because its Neutral Color Earphone
and Cord are so inconspicuous.
My friends enjoy my company
more now that they don't have to
shout and repeat what they've said.
And feel perfectly at ease when Pm
with them. Smartest thing ever did
for myself and my friends was put
ting on Zenith!
Hard of hearing? You owe it to your
self to have free, personal demon
stration of The New Zenith Radionic
Hearing Aid that has helped thou
sands, No one presses you to buy. Let
your own ears decide. See your dis
penser soon.
FREEi New helpful booklet tells how
bad hearing may be helped without
needless embarrassment Write: The
Zenith Radio Corporation, Dept.
TW- 5B. Chicago 80, Illinois.
Super-powered Model asa $50
New Position Tone Control - ad-
justs to your personal hearing needs
with the flick of finger
Choice of amplifier colors at no ex-
ira cost.
Also available, Model B-3A Zenith
Bone Conduction) $50.
Evening star., 1946-05-19

monopoly of music. the theater and
the other arts. Only large city can
afford adequate modern museums,
botanical gardens and ZOOS. not to
speak of medical centers with suffi-
cient clinical facilities.
The cities afford to management
central offices close to each other and
to financial centers. Here and there
a lone wolf will operate apart and
on his own, but great institutions
are nterdependent and correlated.
and their heads tend to get within
easy range of each other.
1t is said - again without evi-
dence - that life in cities is too
cramped and hectic to be healthy,
but nothing in our recent draft ex-
perience proves this. 1t does prove
that We have a long way to go in
matters of education. health and
recreation before the national
average is what it should be. In
many ways cities have quicker ways
of raising these standards than iso-
lated rural areas, where there is not
much attraction for first-rate advice
and skill
Evening star., 1946-05-19

%. the modern. manly
underwear that provides
mild athletic support
The trend is to Scandals = because
Scandals offer men mo,r. Easy COM
fort-yes. trim ht-of course. Good
looks you bet. But most important,
Scandals give you the patented dart
stitched pouch that provides mild
athletic support. Yes, the mild sup
port that helps fight fatigue -. helps
keep you feeling your trim best.
The growing popularity of Refs
Scandals may mean an occasional
shortage in dealer stocks If you
can't get Scandals the first time you
ask. please ask again. Soon there will
be plenty for all.
Evening star., 1946-01-28
The Shooting Star

10 those who are old enough to re-
member when mile-a- minute pace
was definitely on the sensational
side, the statistics of the latest rec
ord-breaking flight from the Pa
cif1c to the Atlantic are just little
bit unreal. Colonel William H.
Council, plotting the fastest of the
three P-80 Shooting Stars, made the
2,470-mile crossing in four hours and
13 minutes. His average speed was
5S4 miles an hour and his top speed
was around 66O miles an hour.
This means that Colonel Councill,
at the peak of his flight, was hurtI-
ing through space at a rate just
little less than the speed of sound.
And he says that there was no dis
comfort or fatigue, and that such
flights will be everyday affairs in
a couple of years."
Probably he is right, for his per-
formance would seem to establish
that the jet-propelled plane, though
still in its infancy, is here to stay.
In few more years the conventional
plane, with its noise and weight and
cost, may be as outmoded as the
horse and buggy for those moderns
who are going some place and are in
hurry to get there.
1t is not possible, however, for the
older generation to contemplate this
dawning era of speed and more speed
without some faint misgiving. Where
are we going, and why the haste?
1t is conceivable that the day will
come when plane or something
like plane will take off from Wash
1ngton and, travelling with the sun,
arrive in San Francisco on the min
ute of its departure time. But even
such speed as that will not be
enough, for there will always be
those impatient souls who will want
to be in San Francisco before they
leave Washington, and the chances
are that they will have their way.
Evening star., 1946-01-28

intellectuals." Such was his thinking
when he lectured newspaper publishers
and editors about their sins. This mani
festo Is the mobilization of a group of
people to create mass horizontal is
sue between two groups in the country.
1t Is the recognition of a class struggle.
Collective bargaining, fact-finding,
ability to pay are all ruled out of such
an appeal. 1t is an appeal for a social
conflict in which reason vanishes and
harmonious adjustment is impossible.
=
That this nonrational appeal comes
from men and women in the arts and
sciences is its most seriously absurd
feature. These people have attained
emlnence because in free country each
has been able to rise by his or her own
talents. Their success has been based
on writing distinctive poems or plays
or by acting well or, in Prof. Elm
STEMS case, by turning powerful mind
into the maze of mathematics. Their
names are noteworthy by comparison
with other less successful practitioners
of their art or trade or science.
This is the curse of this round robin
business. A participant in such a mass
attack lets others decide what he stands
for. That is why sensitive and ethically
conscious writer's are lonely workers, re-
fusing membership in committees,
movements and manifestos.
These people are using the names
they earned as individuals to deny that
they are individuals.
Relsased by The Associated Newspapers Inc)
Evening star., 1946-01-28
A Somber Outlook
From LIE Droit (ottawa).


Unity of work and effort has given
way to the rivalries of groups Scien-
tif1c and industrial research have made
great progress; raw material. capital,
labor are not lacking, but everything
seems paralyzed because capital and
labor do not want to agree. The war
ended with victory. The various char
ters of the United Nations have been
published or are being prepared: trade
treaties are being established between
the victorious people; everything seems
ready for a great industrial advance
and an era of prosperity. But strikes
are breaking out everywhere, more and
more formidable and disastrous And
on both sides there is such stubborn
ness as has never before been seen
and which blocks all regulation. :.
What has become of the union and
the enthusiasm of the days of danger?
Danger Is passed and internal divisions
are more pronounced than ever. Is it
more difficult to reach perfection in
the steady accomplishment of little
things than to give proof of heroism
in hours of crisis-and at long intervals?
Evening star., 1946-01-28

key Manchurian ports of Port Ar
thur and Dairen acquired by Soviet
Russia in the recent Sino- Russian
treaty negotiated at Moscow. When
asked by western newspaper cor
respondents about this omission,
the student spokesmen said these
concessions were made freely"
whereas the British and Portuguese
acquired Hong Kong and Macao by
pressure" To any one who under
stands the realities of the Moscow
treaty, this sounds pretty specious.
Still more significant was the de-
mand made by student demonstra-
tors when General Marshall arrived
in China, urging American troops
there to "go home" ALI this fits in
SO closely with the pro-Russian
party line" of the Chinese Com
munists that the logical inference
is that these student marchers are
'left-wingers'' acting under Com
munist inspiration.
Evening star., 1946-01-28
New HOUSING 'Czur'

The increasing gravity of the Ma
tion-Wide housing shortage fully
warrants the executive order invest
ing Housing Expediter Wilson w.
Wyatt with far-reaching authority
to act in this crisis. Reports from
many parts of the country tell the
same distressing story of shockingly
overcroWded apartments and houses,
of returning veterans standing in
line for hours at housing centers and
real estate offices, of conditions
growing worse instead of better, de-
spite the end of the war. Here in
the Nations Capital one has but to
pay visit to the District War Hous-
ing Center to get an idea of the
problem with which local and Fed
eral officials are faced. In the past
thirty days more than $500 families
and individuals have applied there
for rooms, apartments or houses.
Two-thirds of the applicants were
veterans of the armed services in
desperate need of shelter for them
selves and families. Only one-fourth
of those who apply succeed in get
ting their wants supplied.
Under the new executive order,
Mr.. Wyatt, former Mayor of Louis
vile, Kentucky, will have emergency
overall powers to seek out and re-
distribute surplus war housing facil-
tiles at abandoned military installa-
tions, to expedite production of
building materials and channel
them into home-building fields and
to recommend measures designed to
prevent further imitation of home
prices. Upon being appointed ma
tional housing expediter, Mr.. Wyatt
was directed by the President to try
and eliminate bottlenecks wherever
he found them "at whatever level
of industry or of governmental
State or national" This is a large
order, requiring the exercise of con-
siderable power, especially in the
coordination of the many agencies
of Government dealing with housing
and related problems. There can be
no doubt of Mr.. Wyatt's supreme
authority, for he not only becomes
head of the National Housing
Agency on February /. but takes
over from Reconversion Director
Snyder all the housing activities of
the reconversion Office. AS Federal
housing GEAR" Mr.. Wyatt will have
the: responsibility 1ot' directing the
Governments emergency attack on
the housing shortage. But he can
not do the job alone.E He mast have
the wholehearted cooperation not
only of private industry but of State
and municipal officials. In the long
run, it is only in the field of private
enterprise and community action
that remedial measures of a perma-
nent nature can be expected.
Evening star., 1946-01-28
Chinese Student Marches

A number of recent mass demon
strations by students injects a new
factor into China's political scene.
Well organized in marching COL
umns, bearing banners and shouting
slogans, the demonstrators are
moved wholly by political considera-
tions. Some of their demands refer
to domestic issues and emphasize
the need for the end of civil strife,
a new constitution and the forma-
ton of coalition government en-
bracing all the chief factions, in
Guiding the Communists. More
noteworthy for the outer world is
their program of foreign policy.
This program was vigorously pre-
sented by 10000 student marchers
in Chungking few days ago. Their
demands in the foreign policy field
were: (D Return of the British
colony of Hong Kong and the
Portuguese dependency of Macao,
CD suspension of construction work
on Royal Air Force airfield on the
British-leased mainland area adja-
cent to Hong Kong, 90 recall of
the French Consul General from
Shanghai
The demands for the acquisition
of Hong Kong and Macao are not
new. They have been emphasized
by Observation-Disclosures Chinese ever
since the revolution of 1911, which
transformed China from a loose
jointed Oriental empire into a
nation-state asserting it's SOW
ereignty and recovering all terri
tories alienated in past times. But
the first objective in the Nationalist
program was the ending of extra
territoriality and foreign "conces-
sions" in the treaty ports" and
elsewhere. These aims have now
been practically attained.
The present demands are of a diff
ferent order, with the exception of
VAANNV &SASA1AA AAiE w OAiS ElCllSll SOlioul
General, which arose when that
functionary claimed a. jurisdiction
over his nationals IN the old extra
territorial style. So far as Hong Kong
and Macao are concerned, these
islands off the South China coast
were formally ceded by China in the
distant past. Britain acquired
Hong Kong in 184l, while Macao
has been a Portuguese possession
since 1857 There is thus no doubt
as to their legal status. What Chi
.nese Nationalists demand is that
these historic @injustices" be rem
edied and that islands geographi-
cally part of China be reunited to it,
However, it is interesting to note
that the student rnarchers say moth
ing about the special rights in Man
churia and the long leases on the
Evening star., 1946-01-28
This Changing World
BY Constantine Bro.yn

The elder statesman of the Democratic
party, Bernard L. Baruch, has suggested
to high-ranking officials in Washington
that the United States should proceed
in business-like manner in handling
loans to foreign governments.
Mr.. Baruch knows money and has
handled 1t successfully all his life. He
believes that foreign loans in peacetime
should be granted in the same manner
as financial institution advances
money to business concern. That is,
the borrower must show conclusiyely
that he has the ability to meet his obli-
cations at the agreed time. Moreover,
when there is no question of personal
loan," the borrower also must show to
what use he is going to put the money
and agree to report in regular state
ments the progress of the enterprise for
which the loan was made.
When large sums are involved the
lending party merely opens a credit on
which the borrower can draw at certain
intervals, after the banker has been sat
isfied that the sums already withdrawn
have not been used for any purpose
other than those specified in the loan
application.
There Is no reason Mr. Baruch be-
heves, why the same methods should
not be applied in the case of loan appli-
cations of foreign countries.
In addition to the British, whose
request for a loan of nearly four billion
dollars has been Endorsed by the State
and Treasury Departments, the Poles
have made request for an advance of
half billion dollars. The new interim
President Of France, Felix Gouin, has
told his countrymen that France must
have a $2,500000,0 900 loan from the
United States in order to survive Russia
has been negotiating for several months
loan for about $4,000 900 900 and other
countries, such as Yugoslavia, Czecho-
slovakia, Belgium and China, are by
way of making requests for financial
assistance.
While 1t Is not possible to estimate
the exact amount of loans which our
wartime associates will ask for within
the next II months it is assumed that
the sums will exceed SIS 1000, ,000, 900.
The way the British loan has been
handled by the State and Treasury De-
partments gives the impression that
political and emotional considerations,
rather than cold financial calculations
have influenced the departments. And
Mr.. Baruch is said to have pointed out
that the strongest financial institution
IN the world would be on the rocks in a
short time If it granted loans either
because the prospective borrower was a
fellow member of the same club or lodge
or because he was just hard up through
no fault of his own.
In considering these loan applications
Congress, which has the last word,
Evening star., 1946-01-28
Seubird

Weape, tueaue, iDeape, all saper-ptite.
serene,
Precise in chill conpldcency Of ictn-
ter air,
ImperSonal as fame dbope the cold
sun-Spdngled sea,
Casually questing naeager tTeusurs
OF sea fare.
Houering. icily angelic IN calm tre-
npendous blue,
Seraphic aboue dro,Dned sailors and
dead iron ships,
Planning ,oith detached er1ctitude, ,Ding-
tip to aDaDe,
To pluck minute crustacedn from the
seas chill lips;
You are the fabulous Phoenir OF our
latter day,
TranScendent oDer the ashes OF all
tDdr, and all desire,
Risen tn perfect beauty out OF an i'm
perfect, iDorld
TO turtle IN fu,Dless sky your cold
arithmetic OF fire.
FREDERICK EBRIGHT.
Evening star., 1946-01-28
Round-Robin Reasoning
By Raymond Moley

The literature on strikes is now en-
bell1shed by newspaper advertisement
sponsored by what is called the In
dependent Citizens Committee of the
Arts, Sciences and Professions, Inc.
The group of signatures runs to the
arts: 10 Davidson, sculptor, is chair
man, and Frederic March is treasurer,
Included among the signers are poets,
actors, writer's and two or three sci
entists. There are, among others,
Prof. Albert Enstein, Van Wyck
Brooks, Olivia de Havilland, Lillian
Hellman, William Rose Benet and Paul
Robeson.
The manifesto makes a mockery of
the word independent" For it is a
call on Americans to let the President
and Congress know that you support
the strikers" What strikers? All strik-
ers. For in the next provision, the
committee urges stockholders of any
struck corporation to support the
strikers.
All strikes and all strikers are thus
to be supported. But strikes are going
on for scores of reasons, good and bad.
They involve many economic, social and
political issues. It takes fact-finding
board weeks to make even superficial
study Of one strike. The facts and prin-
ciples vary from strike to strike. What
can Messrs. MacLeish or Einstein or
Olivia de Havilland know of these facts?
No one can make a blanket Judgment
about such mass of tangled materials.
Suppose, for example, conservative
union should call a strike because man.
agement wanted it to join the CIO?
Would these independents support
such a union?
n
Clearly, we have here what Mr.. Mac
Leish used to talk about when he was
in Mr.. Roosevelt's official family. He
used to say that We should mobilize
Evening star., 1946-01-28

ployed his wealth to buy canvases
and other properties which, lacking
his constructive intervention, would
have remained scattered in many
different places. He has saved them
for poSterity by putting them where
they will be protected under condi-
tions scientifically calculated to pre-
serve them for centuries, if not
llllmitably. Even more important,
however, is the skill, the discrimina-
ton, the perfection of taste which
Mr.. KreSs has demonstrated in the
purchase of his treasures. They
might not be worthy of immortality
nor merit the appreciation of thou
sands OF admirers had they not been
chosen by man who is himself in
his own special way a great artist.
Evening star., 1946-01-28

should consider not only the ability to
pay OF the borrowing nation but also
the use to which the monies advanced
would be put. Because a system of in
spections is not compatible with the
dignity of foreign borrowers, there is
only one way of controlling how the
American taxpayers money is being
spent by foreign goyernment-that is
by giving slices Of the approved loans
at regular intervals. But before the
second instalment is advanced the bor-
rowing nation must show exactly how
the sums were used and whether it is not
building an economic system which
might prove harmful to the United
States.
Moreover, the American people are
hopeful that the end of this war will
be followed by a lasting peace. The
UNO alone is good guaranty, provided
the nations do not build up their armed
forces. Following the example of the
World War, this country has proceeded
with such drastic redeployment of
its land, sea and air forces that today
We have already become a second-rate
military power.
Other countries are either keeping
their military strength Gas is the case of
Russia) or are attempting to build them
selves new and strong armies as in the
case of Poland, Yugoslavia, and,' to
certain degree, France
The loans indorsed by the State and
Treasury Departments make no provi-
sion that the money of the American
taxpayers cannot be used for military
purposes. Such provision, 1t is stated
in those departments, might offend the
applicants.
The Treasury in particular is advocat-
ing the granting of the loan to Britain,
for example, because otherwise Britain,
would not be able to come back as one
of the foremost industrial countries of
the world.
But, certain congressional quarters,
where loans without strings" to foreign
countries are in, disfavor point out that
once we have granted Britain'S request
in one lump sum without any specific
restrictions the other applicants will
resent the attachment of certain condi-
tionS to their own applications The
State Department would be likely then
to put pressure on Congress not to dis
crlminate lest such discrimination might
have an adverse effect on Americas in
ternational relations
But the idea that loans be advanced
on the instalment plan and provision
for an accounting of the use of the
money is said to be growing in the
House and Senate. The British loan,
which is expected to be presented to both
houses in the near future, will be the
test case and the pattern for any other
foreign country which needs American
money.