davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-07-28

who have been unable to keep up mort
gage payments during the period OF mill
tary service, on privately financed home
loans insured by the Federal Housing
Administration.
"(0 The bill brings the prospect Of
home ownership within the reach of
veterans of moderate income, through
making higher percentage privately
financed mortgage loan at a lower in
terest rate and for longer term avail
able for FILA insurance. So"
80 The bill contains the most spe-
cinc and workable proposals yet ad-
vanced to provide large volumes Of
privately financed rental housing, at
moderate rentals, for the very consid-
cradle number of veterans who have
not achieved sufficient stability of loca-
ton or of employment to undertake
home purchase Immediately.
"(5) The bill provides new, but sound
terms of FHA insurance to encourage
and enable educational institutions to
obtain privately financed rental accom-
modations for the families of veterans
attending educational institutions under
the CT Bill of Rights.
"(6) The bill establishes occupancy
preferences for veterans and their FAM
tsee HOUSING. Page CO
Evening star., 1946-07-28

g. Feeding of some 100000 refugees
who refuse to return to their homes
outside Germany Is still serious threat
to any solution of the already involved
economic recovery.
a. Three free elections have been held
in the American zone. None in the
other zones) Councils of ministers have
been set up in the three American
states of Greater Hesse, Bavaria and
Wurttemberg- Baden. Laenderrat. or
council of minister presidents, has been
formed for cooperation between the
three councils.
5. Progress toward a central govern
ment for all Of occupied Germany has
been blocked by refusal of the French
to retire from their position that the
Rhineland and Ruhr must remain sep
arate political divisions, never to be
under the control Of a central gov
eminent. The Russians recently agreed
to the central government, but thus far
have failed to implement this How
ever. they have refused to discuss end
ing the economic zonal barriers which
are sitting the American zone So
long as these barriers remain Amer
ican officials see no hope of restoring
a sound economy to our zone. which
always has depended on the areas now
occupied by our Allies for raw ma
terials for their manufactures and
food to supplement what they produce.
Americans Have the Scenery
AS described aptly by Dr. James K.
Pollock, senior representative of the
deputy military governor:
The British zone has the coal and
steel
THE Russian zone produces the food.
The French have steel, coal and
objections.
THE Americans have the scenery"
Some small quantities of coal have
been coming from the British zone.
but it is used mainly for operation OF
| utilities. Fortunately many German
railroads get power from hydroelectric
plants. But there will be no coal for
heating of private homes again next
winter, bleak prospect for the thou
sands in Berlin who are still living in
cellars and barely habitable rooms in
bombed-out buildings. Crops have been
good in the American zone and better
in the Russian. according to reports.
However, so long as the barriers stand
trade between the zones on a large
scale is impossible. Recently the Rus
slams traded small quantity of beet
sugar for Bavarian beef and a project
is afoot to sell timber from this state
to Great Britain, where repair of bomb
damage is practically impossible until
more lumber is available
Evening star., 1946-07-28

provide food, the private enterprise svs-
tenn does provide clothing for people.
But the third, and the greatest neces-
sity, housing, is not provided by the
private enter prise system under present
conditions"
The pros and cons of the general
housing bill have been covered at length
in extensive hearings before the Senate
Banking and Currency Committee,
which heard testimony between Novem-
Der 27, 1945, and January 26, this year.
Testimony Extensive,
Virtually every one who had a legiti-
mate reason to testify for or against
the proposal appeared before that COM
mittee. The printed transcript of testi-
mony runs to 1912 pages, and totals
about 100000 words, not including
charts which were also made part of
the record
Probably the most compelling argu-
ment put forth in behalf of passage
of the bill at this session rather than
later is the contention that it is essen
tldl W a 1CdllGdUlOIl VI IIlS L.
home veterans emergency program.
On this score, the Senate Banking
and Currency Committee said at the
time it unanimously approved the bill
April 8 that the measure is equally a
part Of the veterans emergency hous-
ing program together with the sepa-
rate act setting up that program and
equally indispensable to its achieve
ment."
Specifying the bills provisions aiding
the veterans program, the Senate Com
mittee said
"Q The bill enables Federal savings
and loan associations. the Federal Home
Loan Banks and allied home financing
institutions to join more fully in. the
home loan program under the CT Bill
Of Rights. g..
go The bill provides for time extern
nons for veterans or their dependents.
Evening star., 1946-07-28
DELAYING TACTICS THREATEN HOUSING BILL

To the extent, at least, that Senator
Taft has spent great deal of time
studying the housing problem over a
long period, and has helped shape the
proposal to the point that he agrees
with its provisions, the measure can
be considered bipartisan
The fact that the bill bears Senator
Tafts name, along with those of Sem
ator Wagner of New York and Senator
Ellender of Louisiana, makes it doubt
full, proponents point out, that it should
be considered in any way extreme.
Opposition to the bill centers on its
provisions for slum clearance and pub
lie housing for low-income families, and
on this point Mr.. Taft is no less un-
equivocal in his support than on other
of its provisions. Indeed, his testimony
before the House Banking and Cur
rency Committee contains what seems
to be a rather harsh view of private
industry's ability to provide housing for
families of low and moderate income
Holds Costs Too High.
The transcript of testimony June %
includes this statement of Senator Taft:
II believe, think, as strongly as any
one in the free enterprise system. But
the housing situation Is such that you
do not get decent housing under the
free enterprise system, and think that
is largely, or primarily, due to the
cost of housing.
eff houses could be built for half what
they cost today, do not thing that we
would have any housing problem to
speak of. 1t would certainly be
nothing that we would have any great
concern about ="
"A new house cannot be bought and
lived in by more than about half the
population of the United States.
I am not blaming the industry, the
builders or any one else. The system
does not give 100 per cent service in
the housing field.
1.-THE private enterprise system does
Evening star., 1946-07-28
Rv Robert !. Lewis

With adjournment of Congress due
this week. the fate of the Wagner
Ellender-Taft general housing bill,
which would exert both a long-range
effect on the Nations economy and at
the same time bear directly on one of
our most vexing immediate problems,
hangs in the balance.
This measure was passed by the
Senate April Is and hearings before the
House Banking and Currency Commit
tee are now under way.
Those hearings, which started June
%, have been marked by what the bills
supporters charge is series of delaying
maneuvers seeking to prevent the meas
ure from reaching House vote before
Congress goes home.
Housing Administrator Wilson W.
Wyatt, who says the bill is basic part"
of the veterans emergency housing
program and that the aims of the pro-
gram cannot be realized without this
legislation, charged few days ago that
"un- n-American, parliamentary flibuster-
ing tricks" were being employed by
the measure.
Taft Testimony Cut Off.
The record shows that as a result of
what Representative Outland, Democrat,
of California described as technical
objections" by several committee men,
bers, the committee was able to receive
only five and half hours testimony in
six days of hearings over nearly four
weeks. In two cases hearings lasted
only few minutes before being ad-
journed by points of order.
One of the most interesting sidelights
of this apparent struggle to prevent
House vote at this session Is that the
parliamentary moves were invoked first
against Senate Minority Leader Taft, a
co-sponsor of the measure, who was cut
off in the midst Of his testimony favor
ing the bill.
Evening star., 1946-07-28

ing grown In every available plot Of
ground by the Germans.
Poles Refuse to Go Home.
Among the displaced persons are ESQ.,
900 Poles who refuse to go home, and
Austria. In some instances displaced
persons have been deported for criminal
offenses. There are rumors that dead
line may be set after which We will re-
fuse to accept any refugees except per-
secuted persons, as the Jews are desig-
mated The Jews come to the American
zone because they feel this is the first
step on the way to Palestine, the
promised land. In numbers they are
not a considerable part of the 10000
a-week average early this year, but
Army medical officers report that they
are unwilling to observe sanitary reeu-
lations around their camps because they
feel their German hosts" should do all
the work. Military government figures
show so per cent of the displaced persons
now entering our camps are women, 30
per cent children and Is per cent men
incapable Of work. Since most of them
come through the Russian zone there is
feeling that the workers are being
retained there.
We found some difference of opinion
as to the effectiveness of the Young
American soldier on whose shoulders
has fallen the task of bringing the story
of democracy to many Germans for the
first time.
Maj. Gen. Ernest Harmon, who is
shaping up the $4,000 average age 2o)
soldiers who make up the constabulary
Is enthusiastic at the response of the
youngsters to discipline and hopes to
create the super state troopers he wants
to do the job. But many administra
tive officials think these soldiers are
bit immature to spread the gospel
OF free thinking to nation reei-
mented by Nazis.
summarized we obtained the impress
sion that to date our occupation forces,
both military and civil. have not been
sufficient to carry out the program laid
out. Civilian jobs in the OMGUS are
still going begging. Little has been
done in reformation of elementary edu-
cation beyond censoring existing GEL
man textbooks New ones have been
ordered, but are being held up by paper
shortage. A War Department official
disclosed he had written letters to 10
educators seeking some one to fill
responsible position in this re-educa-
ton. He received only two replies
both negative
American military government was
quite frank in its desire to lay all these
facts before the American people in
the equally frank hope of some support
in what it considers an investment In
insurance against future wars.
Tomorrow: Displaced Persons.)
Evening star., 1946-07-28

Poor coal production in the
Rhineland under British supervi-
sion Is also tied up with the food
problem. The British must OBJ
tain supplementary food supplies
from the United States to help
feed the area, at the same time
they are forced to ration bread
in the homeland.
A miner legally cannot spend
more than about 80 cents a day
for rationed food. So, regardless
OF wages paid him, the money is
worthless because there is nothing
to buy. AS one UNRRA official
put it: "A miner can sell an old
pair of shoes on the black market
for enough money to buy his per-
mitted food ration for a month.
Why should he work to earn more
than he can spend?" The British
authorities feel that this can be
improved by raising the ration
when the food can be obtained.
Equal to the problem of barriers
in the American zone is that of
the some 100000 displaced persons
who refuse to go home and have
to be fed. Theoretically, this bur-
den is on the German population.
In practice, the German himself
is reduced to 1925 calories daily
and large part of that is supplied
by America. So strictly have our
people adhered to the policy of
buying no food whatever which
might detract from German sup
plies that we suffer at times from a
ch 1f oro1n
Evening star., 1946-07-28


editors and all persons involved in the
technical details of re-educating a con-
quered nation to govern itself. We came
away with distinct admiration for the
sincerity with which our top officials
have conducted the job, but also sink
ing feeling that the main purpose will
fail unless they are supplied the person.
mel and wherewithal to complete it.
What to do with some 100000 dis
placed persons who refuse to leave the
American zone and how to get along
with the other three nations ruling Ger
many behind the artificial barriers
established when the war ended are the
top questions before the American Mill
tary Government.
More Support Vital.
There was feeling that if our ad-
ministration received more united sup
port back home and enough personnel to
carry out the planned program the Rus
slams would be convinced that we are
trying to do serious occupation job
and show a greater disposition to CO.
operate. AS one of our high OMGUS
officials stated:
The Russians know what they want
Sometimes We wonder if our people back
home know what we are trying to do.
think we could get along with the Rus
slams If our high-up policy could be laid
down more definitely No one here can
make high-up decisions, and they are
too slow getting here from Washington "
American Military Government, head
ed by Gen. Joseph T. McNarney and
his able deputy, 1t. Gen. Lucius D.
Clay. at a conference with the editors
the detectives of the military government
when 1t took over the zone following
the Potsdam conference;
1. To implement the Potsdam confer
ences demands on Germany.
2. De-industrialize the zone to point
where power to make war would no
longer exist.
8. De-Nazify all residents of the zone,
4. Bring German economy up to a
point where the standard of living will
be equal to. but not beyond, that of the
other zones and other parts of Europe.
A Years Accomplishment.
At the end of year this has been
accomplished:
l. Demobilization and denazification
are complete. (Thousands Of Germans
in the lower levels of the Nazi party
still are being tried by the new Ger
man courts, but American screening of
higher levels has been completed.
2. Little progress has been made in
improvement of economy, mainly be-
cause the zone barriers prevent i'm
portation of the raw materials necessary
to operate light industries in the Ameri-
can zone.
Evening star., 1946-07-28
T. S. Work in Germany Jeopardized
az Rendered but Economic
Stability Refugees Barriers Personnel
BeHe HerbeuF Corn

Last June 20 the cipI affairs
division OF the War Department
sent a group of IL American neUs-
pupermen on q tour OF American
installations in Germany. Austria,
Italy and France. The principal
purpose Was to surrey iUhdt the
American Military Government
had done in one gears occupation
of our zones in Germany and
Austria. Impressions gained dur
ing the surrey ,Dill be told in
series of articles by the managing
editor OF The Star, a member OF
the party. This is the first.
BERLIN.-At the end of one
years occupation American Mill
tary Government officials in Ger
many feel that they have COM
pleted the process of denaziflca-
ton in their zone and set the
pattern for the establishment of
a free voting and thinking demo-
cratic Germany. But further ac-
complishment depends on the
willingness of the American people
to put enough soldiers and civilian
personnel into the zone to carry
out the program.
In a'32-day survey of the Ger
man and Austrian areas under
American supervision a group of
American editors, of which I was
a member, was permitted to see
operation of the Laender govern
ments, which the Americans have
set up in the three states into
which the American zone has been
separated, and question the Ger
man officials, German newspaper
Evening star., 1946-07-28

(see HOUSING. Page C-7)
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-07-27
New Program Begun
For Vets Employers

A stepped-up program Of &C
%quainting training establishments
employing veterans through on
the-job procedure, which procedure
has been announced by Robert S.
Matthews, contact representative
for the Wilmington offices of the
Veterans Administration.
The action is necessitated by the
continued increase in the number
of veterans on-the-job trainees in
Southeastern North Carolina, who
are being suspended from SUBJ
sistence allowances through their
employees misunderstanding Of the
program.
Francis F. Thompson, and Ed
ward T. Noel, training officers in
the local VA offices, and R. R.
Allen, agricultural training offic-
er, are participating in the all
out drive to start the veterans and
their employers off ION the right
foot in the program, so that in
the future there will be fewer sus-
pensions, Matthews said.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-07-27
Dr.. Hall breaches

The Rev. B. Frank Hall, ThD.
DID, minister of the Central Pres.
byterian church, St. Louis, Mo-,
will preach at morning services OF
the First Presbyterian church in
Wilmington Sunday, and again or
Sunday, August 4.
The Rev. Mr.. Hall, son of Mr..
and Mrs. John Hall, Wilmington,
and his wife are vacationing at
Wrightsville Beach, and are expect.
ed to return to St. Louis about
September l..
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-07-27
Mrs WV. Green Mrs. EddNye
Entertain Bolton Club Group

BOLTON, July 26.-The Woman's
Home Demonstration club met or
the lawn of Mrs. W. w. Greer
with Mrs. Ed Nye as co-hostess'
Mrs. Charles Singletary, president,
introduced Miss Vera Stanton,
State president of Raleigh, who
outlined the needs for the clubs
work.
Mrs. Singletary also introduced
the new Home Agent for Colum-
bus county, Miss Ratliff.
The club voted to send flowers
to Mrs. J. B. Lately, a patient in
James Walker Memorial hospital
and Jack Lewis, a patient in Co.
lumbus County hospital in White
vile.
The members present we're Mrs.
George Carroll, Mrs. W. W. Green,
Mrs. Lillian Glaner, Mw. Jesse
Holmes. Mrs. R. o. Jones, Mrs.
H. W. Paxton, Mrs. Dalton Russ,
Mrs. Eburn Russ, Mrs. John Rob-
inson, Mrs. Charles Singletary,
Mrs. W. c. Seally. Mrs. Annie L.
Vereen, Mrs. j. F. Wilson, Mrs.
H. D. Bardeaux, Mrs. Edd Nye,
and Mrs. Frances Hill. The visitors
attending the meeting were Mrs.
L. C. Long and Mrs. Richardson.
The next meeting will be with
Mrs. Charles Singletary and Mrs.
Lillian Glaner as joint hostess.
Friends Of Mrs. J. B. Lattey
will be glad to learn that her con-
ton is much improved following
an operation in James Walker
Memorial hospital.
Friends of Jack Lewis will re-
greet to learn that he was admitted
to the Columbus County hospital.
Whiteville. Wednesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. W. L. Brewer
have as their guest this week Mrs.
Brewers parents and sister, Mr..
and Mrs. Jack Stewart and Pauline
of Charleston, S. C.
Mrs. Jack Marley and daugh-
ter, Beth, of Chadbourn spent sew
eral days with Mr.. and Mrs.
Charles Singletary.
Mrs. Frank Edwards Of Free
land, spent the weekend with Mr..
and Mrs. Eburn Russ.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-07-27
PERSONALS

.,,s frankie Albright Of Dan
~. Va. arrived last night and
~, he the houseguest of Miss
Euhors Leeuwenburg of Highwood
park,
u-s Edna Parker, resident di-
w.. m+r Of the local YWCA, return
F'' n Wilmington after visiting
"a friends in Madison, Wiscon-
W." and Warren, Ohio. She is now
' u' 4 few days visiting with
~ daughter, Mrs. W. D. Starl-
w. in Jacksonville.
Mrs. Walter Storm and Mrs. Sam
Mach VINO have been the guests
.wrs. J. K. Wise at her summer
sor,e in Blowing Rock, have re-
a'rrpd TO their homes at Wrights-
vile Beach
Mrs. Marion Leonard and young
an Chisolm, Of Charleston, S. c.,
~ the guests of Mr.. and Mrs.
walter Storm at their summer
same at Wrightsville Beach.
Mrs. ". C. Chisolm Of Charles
nm. S. c. has arrived for a visit
n Miss Marguerite Walker at her
.rmrer cottage on the Northern
extension at Wrightsville Beach.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Hill and
Charles Hill, II, of Charlotte, are
,npnding several days at the Kit
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-07-27

Waly McGreen is spending sew
eral days with his grandmother
Mrs. Wallace of Charleston. Mrs
McGreen, Linda Beth and Bobby
will spend Thursday and Friday
there.
Mr.. and Mrs. Graham Long have
moved into their new home.
Mr.. and Mrs. L. W. Benton
Charles Benton and E. j. Bentor
and sister spent Sunday with Mr.
and Mrs. L. c. Long.
Mr.. and Mrs. E. E. Smith ano
children of Elizabethtown spen'
Sunday with Mr.. and Mrs. j. C.
Long.
Mrs. Alex Armstrong and Caro-,
Of Wilmington spent last weekend
with Mr.. and Mrs. J. P. Long.
Friends of Mrs. LeNoro Cain
Worthy matron. Acme-Delcc
chapter, Order of the Eastern Star,
will be pleased to learn that hel
condition is much improved.
Mrs. Odell Peterson and daugh.
ter of Lake Forrest spent the
weekend with Mr.. and Mrs. E. M
Herren.
Miss Wilhelmenia Carroll spent
several days in Wilmington with
her mother. Mrs. African Carroll.
Lieut.. Price Lewis, of the Armf
Air base in Goldsboro. spent Sat
urday with his uncle, Jack Lewis.
Lieut.. Lewis home is in Detroit,
Mich.
Mrs. Annie L. Vereen entertain
ed several of her friends at Lake
Waccamaw Saturday evening
honoring Mr.. and Mrs. j. B. Lat
tey.
D. W. Merritt, Miss Elizabeth
Merritt, Ray Merritt, Mrs. L. T.
Grice and Tommie Grice visited
in Magnolia with Mr.. Merritt's
family.
Herbert Cox of Fort L%auderdale,
Fla, and his sister of Pittsburg,
Pa, visited friends here. Mr.. Cox
lived here 80 years ago.
Miss Viola Blue spent several
days in Chadbourn with relatives.
Grace Haynes Reaves under
went an eye operation last week.
She is improving at her home
here.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-07-27
VM Campaign Here
Headed By Grange,

T. B. Granger, a Wilmingtoaian
Who received his BIS. degree ir
chemistry from the Virginia Mill.
tary Institute in 1882, has been
named chairman for Wilmington
and vicinity in the forthcoming
drive to raise a 81, 500, 900 endow.
ment for the Virginia institution.
The drive, a nationwide cam.
palgn, will start August Is under
the auspices of the VMI Founda.
ton, Inc, an alumni group.
The institution, one of the low.
est endowed major college in the
country, will use the funds to ad-
vance its educational standards.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-07-27
OIL MEET


About Is employees of Standard
Oil Company of New Jersey. meet
ing in a local cafeteria last night
for a sales talk and banquet, heard
R. G.. White, supervisor of the
company's Wilmington terminal;
R. M. Tarrant, Charlotte, in
charge of the company's person
mel and public relations depart
ment, and G. F. Ball, public rela-
tons director explain the COM
pany's health association and bene-
fits derived, and pep talks. j. H.
Swinson, ESQ sales representa-
tive for the Charlotte area, was a
guest.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-07-27
RETIRES FROM NAVY

Frederick L. Williams, former
Chief Electricians Mate U. S.
Navy yesterday was retired after
q years service, and transferred
to the Fleet Reserves. His Will
mington address is 81, Carolina
apartments, where he lives with
Mrs. Williams. He enlisted in the
Navy in 1919, ano during World
War II was with the fleet in the
South Pacific, aboard the USS
Dobbin. He is a native of Con-
necticut, coming to Wilmington
Navy recruiting station in 1898
where he established his home. He
plans to stay in Wilmington -
and fish.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-07-27
FULFORD IN ARMY

Robert Fulford, son of Mr.. and
Mrs. c. W. Fulford, 613 Central
boulevard, has been accepted for
enlistment in the U. S. Army, Fort
Bragg. Young Fulford graduated
from New Hanover High School
this spring, and has enlisted in the
Signal Cops. After three years
enlistment he plans to attend col
lege. His enlistment brings the
percentage of this years MINIS
male seniors enlisting in the Reg
ular Army, close to one fifth, Capt.
N. G. Cottle, officer In charge OF
the local recruiting station, said.