davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-11-14
The Political Mill
By Gould LincoIn

The pessimists take two things for
granted. First, that the Republicans,
In control Of the new Congress, win
make mistakes, and make fools Of them
selves. Second, that the proposed co-op-
Grafton between the Democratic Presi-
dent ii the White House and the Re-
publican Congress on Capitol Hill-in
the interests Of the American people
cannot happen.
Among those swho take these things
mer Secretary OF Commerce and now
editor Of the New Republic, and Jo-
sephus Daniels, Secretary Of the Navy
in the Wilson cabinet.
Mr.. Wallace. speaking at . dinner in
New York Ia his honor, said: ITO the
Republican Party throw down the
gauntlet completely and utterly. sssss
After knowing 95 per cent of the Re-
have very little respect for their ability
to act wisely. ! could be just as pious
rs President Truman In expressing my
hopes Along that line, but cannot be
as hopeful as he Is. So far as am
concerned, the war is on from now on
out"
Obviously, 1t Is Mr.. Wallace's pious
hope that the Republicans will make .
mess Of things, in the hope that he and
the leftwingers in the country can get
back into the saddle again. In his
opinion, 1t is unthinkable the country
could prosper, and the American people
enjoy measure OF security and happi-
ness, under conservative government.
And anyway, If 1t could, he doesn't want
1t to.
Mr.. Daniels Is an elder statesman.
He has never seen an era Of good feeling
between the Republicans and Demo-
Gratis, and for his part, he does not want
to see one, II he Is correctly quoted.
Practically, he said, each Of the political
parties has policies which 1t thinks
best for the country. A honeymoon"
would imply compromising Of those
basic policies, which Mr.. Daniels dep
recates.
AS matter Of fact, Mr.. Daniels would
not have to 60 far back into history to
find two examples Of the greatest meas
ure of cooperation between the Repub-
licans and the Democrats, for the benefit
of the country. The frst was during
World War /, when he was Secretary of
the Navy, and the second was during
World War II.
1t may be argued that these were war.
times, and not comparable to the situa-
tion that exists in the country today.
But that Is not good argument against
cooperation between Republican Con-
greSs and Democratic President In
Evening star., 1946-11-14
In Reverse Order

On the basis OF their public state
mentS, the Republicans are planning
q tax-reduction program in the new
Congress which has the earmarks
of a plain case OF putting the cart
before the horse.
The most recent comment has
come from Representative Joseph
w. Martin, who is slated to become
Speaker of the House when the Re-,
pnblican-controlled Eightieth Con-.
gress convenes In January. Speaking
at his first press conference since
the election, Mr.. Martin told re-
porters that the COP is going to-
reduce individual income taxes by
20 per cent, and he indicated that
this tax. slash would have top
priority on the Republican legisla-
tive program.
It Is obvious that q tax reduction
OF this magnitude would be popular
with the great bulk Of the voting
taxpayers. But 1t should be equally
obvious that any substantial cut In
Federal revenues. II not accom-
panied by at least q corresponding
reduction in Federal expenditures,
can have highly disturbing conse-
quences throughout q Nation that is
already heavily burdened with debt.
And Mr.. Martin is vague In his COM
ments on the subject Of budget re-
duction.
As Of this time, the national debt
is a shade under $262, 900, 900 900.
This means that for the first time
since 1880 the debt has dropped
slightly below its level Of year
earlier. And 1t is precisely at this
time, during a period Of high ma
tional income, that every effort
should be made by the Federal Gov
ernment to build up a maximum ex-
cess of receipts over expenditures
so that further reductions can Be
made in the debt.
There is ample reason to doubt,
noWeVeT, tnaI the HepupllcanS are
planning to proceed in a manner
calculated tosachieve this result. Mr..
Martin said that a reduction In Fed
eral expenditures is being planned,
but that he could not anticipate
exactly what will be done In this re-
spect until the various bureaus and
agencies have had a chance to pre-
sent their budget figures.
In other words, the plan for the
tax reduction Is fixed and certain.
But there Is no definite and we'll
conceived program for reduction
in expeditures, and the chances are
that when the time comes the Re-
publicans will ind that It Is much
easier to talk about an overall
budget cut than to put one into
effect. Consequently, there would be
more reason to rejoice II the Repub-
hcans were planning to make the
cuts In spending first, and then
reduce taxes accordingly.
Evening star., 1946-11-14
Britain and Freedom

In his address to the Pilgrims in
New York the other night. Lord In
verchapel, British Ambassador to the
United States. made special point
Of emphasizing that the economic
controls of the Attlee Labor govern
ment have not curtailed England's
heritage of freedom.
The controls are rigid. Business
men are not at liberty to buy and
sell as they wish. The English con-
sumner is strictly rationed. Certain
Industries are passing into govern
ment ownership. The law of supply
and demand Is not allowed free play.
The national economy as a whole is
subject to elaborate regulation, and
living standards-held down to an
"austere" level all through the war
are still "austere."
Despite these conditions, however,
and despite those who believe that
the logic of economic control leads
eventually to the police state, Lord
1nverchapel argues persuasively that
Englishmen are as free as ever and
will continue that way. The proof Of
this is that they are still equal be-
fore the law; that they can speak
out without fear; that they can be.
lieye-openly and without hindrance
what they wish to believe; that
they can do what they will as long as
they do not harm their neighbors;
and that they have the unrestricted
right to assemble "for whatever pur-,
pose may seem good to them pro-
vided they do not disturb the peace"
These rights are trustworthy
measures of whether men have lib
erty or not, and since the English
people unquestionably enjoy them,
no one can dispute Lord Inverchapel
when he says that the Labor gov,
ernment has not curtailed them.
To be sure, the controls circumscribe
individual action, but the over
whelming majority Of voters have
asked for them. Basically, they are
designed to promote Britain's re-
covery-above all, to increase ex-
ports, which are now at 100 per cent
of the prewar level but which must
go up another rs per cent before
the country will be in sound eco
nomic position.
To push the exports, the English
people have been doing without.
They have been doing without con-
sumner goods, but. they have not been
doing without their basic liberty.
They still have that. It is deeply
rooted in them, and there is scant
likelihood that they will ever let
economic controls encroach seriously
upon it. AS matter Of fact, accord
ing to Lord Inverchapel, irrespective
of all the regulations and industrial
naturalization, 80 per cent Of Eng
lands economy win remain in pri-.
vate hands even after the Labor
Evening star., 1946-11-14

The resignation from the District
Parole Board of Wilbur La Roe, IT.,
because of the pressure of private
business provides additional evidence
Of the need for full-time paid
member of the board who can give
his undivided attention to the
boards vital work. Mr.. La Roe is
the second member of the board
to quit recently in order to devote
more time to personal affairs. The
other was Frank r. Jelleff. Both
men had served the community
faithfully and well in administering
the Districts laws governing inde-
terminate sentences and parole.
Both have stressed the need for
permanent, paid parole member who
would be Immediately available in
parole headquarters for consultation
and action.
The Commissioners have been ex-
tremely fortunate in finding men of
the caliber of Leo A. Rover and Bruce
Baird to replace Mr.. Jelleff and Mr..
La Roe. Yet, like their predecessors
on the board, Mr.. Rover and Mr..
Baird are busy men who are not in
q position to devote as many hours
to parole work as they would wish
to. 1t is neither fair to these public
spirited citizens nor to the parole
system to place on their shoulders
all the day-to-day responsibilities
which go with service on the board.
On the strength Of his twelve years
as a member of the Parole Board,
Mr.. La Roe sees the need for other
reforms in the parole field. Disturbed
over the turning loose Of some GRIM
inals without benefit of adequate
attempts to reform and rehabilitate
them, he recommends the establish
ment at Lorton Reformatory Of a
rehabilitation and industrial train
ing program starting at the very
outset of the criminals imprison-
ment. He deplores the lack of q
chapel at both Lorton apd Occoquan
workhouse. Such improvements, he
believes, might help to lessen the
dangers inherent in releasing the
go per cent of. prisoners who serve
out their sentences without parole.
These parole problems are so closely
related to public safety as to deserve
earnest attention of the Comnlis-
sioners and the next Congress.
Evening star., 1946-11-14
This Changing World
Ry EOMsfaMfiNe BroaOn

An inderc0ver battle Is being waged
between Assistant Secretary Of State
Spruille Braden, in charge Of Latin
American affairs, and George s. Messer-
smith. Ambassador to Argentina.
The conflict between the policy
framing Assistant Secretary and the AM
baSsador whose responsibility it is to
implement intelligently the policy laid
down by Washington began soon after
Mr.. MesserSmith took over the delicate
job In Buenos Aires.
The Ambassador Is rated rs one of our
ablest foreign service oficers. He put
up stiff front when he was Americas
Consul General in Berlin early in the
Hitler regime; he distinguished himself
as Minister to Austria during very criti-
cal times and Is known for his hatred of
Nazisfm, Fascism and al kinds Of other
"ismS..
Mr.. Braden and his associates strongly
opposed Col. Juan Peron In the Argen-
tine elections, but Col. Peron neyerthe-
less was elected President. When 1t be-
came obvious that the State Depart-
ment's policy regarding Argentina needed
revision, President Truman and Sec
retary Of State Byrnes decided 1t was
high time that this country mend its
fences.
Mr.. Messersmith was called to wash
ington from Mexico. where he had been
our Ambassador during the war, and
offered the Bucnos Aires post. The
President and Mr. Byrnes told him that
II he accepted the transfer, he could
be the sole Judge OF deciding when Peron
had fulfilled the obligations and COM
mitments Argentina had accepted at
Chapultepec.
Assured Of free hand insofar as the
tmplementation. of our terms to Peron
was concerned, Mr.. Messersmith went
to Argentina and managed to gain the
Argentine Presidents confidence In q
relatively short time.
Despite the difiiculties we have had
with that country and despite certain
actions OF the State Department which
permitted the Argentinians, to suspect
us Of interfering in their domestic af-
fairs, the Peron regime as whole is
stfll anxious to have the best possible
relations with the United States.
Mr.. Messersmith, who has q we'll
established reputation as an enemy Of
NaMsm and Fascism, and Peron, who
is described In this country and In some
Latin American republics as Nazi SYM
pathizer, struck up q STRONG friendship.
The Ambassador urged Peron to accept
the conditions placed on him by the
State Department for the resumption Of
full and cordial relations between the
two countries. But to Mr.. Messersmith's
sorrow. he discovered that in many In
Evening star., 1946-11-14
Improved Jury Service

The progress which the Jury COM
mission Is making toward distribute
ing the responsibilities Of jury serv-
ice more widely and more equitably
among eligible District citizens is
most encouraging. Colonel E. Cor
ing Bliss, secretary Of the commits
sion, told the Dupont Circle Citizens
Association recently that the jury
list is being rapidly built up toward
minimum goal Of 100000 names, as
compared with the approximately
$4,000 which have been on the List
for many years.
The spreading of the opportunities
for jury service over a greater pro-
portion Of the city's residents has
been one Of the objectives Of Chief
Justice Laws Of District Court from
the outset Of his term on the bench.
Under his sponsorship the Jury
Commission has undertaken a far
reaching and long-overdue overhaul
and reconstruction Of the list OF
eligible jurors. Failure to revise and
expand the list had resulted, in mo-
notonously recurring calls for jury
duty to q relatively limited group
Of regulars" The inevitable ten
dency Of this policy was to breed
resentment over what should be ac-
cepted as privilege Of citizenship.
AL too often jury duty has been re-
garded as something to be excused
from, II at all possible.
When the jury list reaches the
MINIMUM goal Of 100000 names,
jury calls may be expected to come
to each eligible citizen no oftener
than about once every five years,
instead Of about every fourteen
months as heretofore. The commits
sion hopes eventually to enlarge the
list 80 that 1t will be unnecessary
for any one to serve more than once
during his period of residence In
Washington. This Is highly de-
sirable goal toward which to strive.
There can be no doubt that the
quality Of Jury service and hence Of
justice will be improved by infusing
new blood into the jury-selection
system.
Evening star., 1946-11-14
No-Not LuteIy
b. Dapid laurence
From the Holyrood Gazette

from the Hofyfood Ga1ett6.
An artist was painting In the country.
A farmer came and watched him. "Ah,.
said the artist, perhaps you, too, are .
lover Of the beauties Of nature. Have you
seen the golden fingers of dawn spread
ing across the Eastern sky, the red.
stained sulphurous islets floating In the
lake Of fire In the West, the rugged
clouds at midnight hlotting out the
shuddering moon?" NO." said the
farmer matter-of-factly, mot lately; rye
been on the wagon for over q year.
Evening star., 1946-11-14

exceptional men and women should
not gladly turn to public service as
career, instead Of automatically
seeking employment anywhere but
In the Government" Once this
interest In Federal opportunities for
service Is. firmly established, there
will be no occasion for Federal
oficials to worry over the diminish
ing prestige Of Government service.
Evening star., 1946-11-14
We Move Fast in America
rom the Milwaukee Journal.

From the Miiwaukee Journal
The other day we took our small fry
10 visit q cave In Central Wisconsin. On
the tour of the place our charming young
lady guide informed us about one Of the
legends of the cave Since it was
discovered only seven years ago, and
not opened to the public until later, we
were forced to conclude that Americans
are speedy even when creating legends.
II would have taken Europe centuries
to work up the same palaver.
Evening star., 1946-11-14

A California couple have decided
TO let their infant son name himself
when he shall have arrived at an
age to know what he wants In the
way Of . monicker. It Is q safe bet
that, whatever 1t Is, 1t viii not con-
tain the word Junior
Evening star., 1946-11-14

It seems strangely Significant that
the collapse of both cotton and the
Democratic Party should come to-
gether.
Evening star., 1946-11-14
Porole Bourd Changes

THURSDAY. November IA, 1915
Evening star., 1946-11-14

Entered at ths Post ONCE washington, D. C.
as second-class mail matter.
The union times., 1946-12-14
Seek Cut In Work Week Of N. H. Firemen
From 80 To 67.2 Hours Feinmark To Draw Up
 Legislation

At the meeting of the New Haven Central Labor Council, Thursday, the members of the Council unanimously went on record to sponsor and support an ordinance reducing the New Ha- ven hremen's work week from 80 to 67.2 hours, with the exception of emer- gency duty.
 Harold V. Feinmark, Business Agent for International Association of Firefighters, Local SIS, was ap- pointed to draw up the necessary legislation and have it presented be- fore the Board of Aldermen in time for their next meeting which takes place January 9th.
 A shorter work week has been promised to the frenen for the past year and half, but nothing construc- tive has come of this. There have been numerous conferences between union heads and city officials concerning a shorter work week, but these meetings have had negative results.
 REQUEST DENIED
 The New Haven Fire Commissioner requested an appropriation of $32O0O to establish a shorter work week for the hremen, but their request was turned down by the Board of Finance.
 It appears that New Haven should at least limit the fremen's work week to 67.2 hours when other cities are instituting the three platoon system. Boston, Springfield, and several other Massachusetts cities recently placed their fremen on 48-hour work week and New York City has had the three platoon system for several years.
 A large attendance and extensive public support is expected when the ordinance comes up for public hearing early next year.
The union times., 1946-12-14
Hartford Starts
 92 Private Homes

Construction was started on 92 new private residential dwelling units in the Hartford area during October, it was announced today by Wendell D. Macdonald, regional director of the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U. s. Department of Labor Since Janu- ary 1946, private builders have started approximately 1150 new family dwell ling units. These estimates do not in- clude housing financed in whole or in part by Federal funds.
 The estimated cost of private resi- dentia1 building started in October totaled $618,4 400, and amounts to $8,- 695,0O0 since January 1946.
 The Hartford area which includes all of Hartford County is one of the important areas throughout the na- tion regularly surveyed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in connection with the housing goal of 2,700,000 dwelling accommodations for the United States by the end of 1947.
The union times., 1946-12-14
AFL Rolls Reach 2 Million In Dixie CoogeAnnounces
Sweeping Gains Reported At Atlanta Meet-Laws
 Program Planned

ATLANTA-Menbership of A. F. of L. unions below the Mason-Dixie line has hit an all-time high of over 100000.
 That achievement was revealed this week by George L. Googe, A. F. of L. director for Dixie, at meeting of the policy board which has been super vising the organizing drive that the Federation launched in the South six months ago.
 Since the start of the campaign over a quarter of a million mem bers were added and hundreds of establishments have been brought under the union banner, COOge said. Nearly all A.F. of L. afiliates shared in the gains.
 Besides reporting on progress, the board mapped a broad legislative pro gram. During 1947 session of state legislatures in Dixie, the unions will seek more liberal unemployment insur- ance benefits, improved accident com pensation rates, boiler inspection laws, strengthened curbs on child labor and other reforms.
The union times., 1946-12-14
General Motors Doing Very We'll

DETROIT (FP) - General Mo- tors continues to pay dividends to the duPonts and other stockholders in 1946 because of huge rebates to the corporation from federal taxpayers, it is admitted in Chairman Alfred P. Sloan's third quarter report.
 "The first nine months of 1o46," writes Sloan, resulted in an operat- ing loss of $74,422,63O, before credit Of $88,435,OOO for US. income and excess profits taxes"
 Sloan's financial statement for the nine months shows that GM handed out cash dividends to its stockholders despite operating losses -totaling $03, ,994, GAO. In other words the Amer lcan taxpayers were compelled by act of Congress to pay these $83,0OO,OOO in cash dividends and $5,0O0,OO0 to the corporation to boot. GM workers sui fered cuts in take-home pay and in many cases unemployment in the same period.
The union times., 1946-12-14
As We See It
 by THE STAFF

The $3,5OO,OOO fine against the United Mine Workers is exceeded in U. s. history only by a $29 ,24O,- 900 fine levied against the Standard Oil Co. in 1908. The verdict was reversed, however, and Standard Oil never paid a penny. In the fa- nous Danbury Hatters case in 1902, the union and its members were fined $25O, ,OOO but this was on a conspiracy charge and not con- tempt of court. Because the union was unincorpOrated the homes of more than 100 members were seized and sold and the union was shattered.
 Congratulations to Local 933. New Haven Federation of Teachers, which has just been chartered by the American Federation of Teach CTS. There are now three teachers unions in the New Haven area: Lo- cal 933, Hamden Teachers Union, which won increases of $500 for the Hamden teachers; and the Yale Teachers Union.
 s'Industry has the worker for 8 hours a day. How is it influencing his thoughts? What are we, the workers supervisors, doing to build public sentiment among those sub- ject to our infiuence?"-EditOrial in magazine Supervision.
 Perhaps factories should give up producing things altogether and get down to real serious business. Like propaganda lectures from 8 to 12 and parade-ground practice in goose-stepping from 12:3O to 4:3O. Time and half for overtime, of course.
 If this sort of stuff keeps up, a man will have to sneak into a think easy after hours to have little pri- vate thought of his own. Just knock twice on the door and tell them you know Joe.
 The New Haven Charter Revision Committee has difficult task on its hands, and will need the coOpera- ton of all citizens who are interest ed in good government. Richard l..
 (Continued on Page A
The union times., 1946-12-14
Swedish Labor President Dies

Montreal (LPA)- President-elect Gt1nnar Anderson, of the Sweish Con- federation of Labor, died here last week while attending conferences of the Int'l Labor Organization. He was 56. Known in national and interna- tional labor circles for more than 20 years, Anderson came from the ranks as metal worker and was elected president of the Swedish Metal Work CTS Federation in 1882. Named vice president of the Confederation, which has 100000 members, Anderson served from 1886 until he was elected president shortly before leaving Swed- en for the ILO meeting.
The union times., 1946-12-14
Farm Convention Cheers Plea For
 Unity With Labor
ALF Man Shows How For tunes Of Both Are Tied
 Together

DIES MOINES-Foes of labor who hope to drive a wedge between farmers and workers will be disap- pointed by what happened at the annual convention of the Iowa Farm Bureau here.
 Delegates cheered an appeal by a spokesman of labor for collaboration between the two groups and Farm Bureau leaders announced that a com mittee will be designated to maintain a friendly relationship with the trade union movement.
 The labor speaker was Boris Shishkin, A. F. of L. economist, who appeared for President Will liam Green. This was the first time in years, incidentally, that a union representative has addressed an Iowa Farm Bureau meeting.
 s'IN THE SAME BOAT''
 "Shishl<in stressed that farmers and workers are in the same boat"-that low wages for workers mean less purchases of agricultural products and that, contrariwise, good wages ir industry mean prosperity on the farm
 Farmers and workers are in this together" he said. "On1y through mu- tual understanding and mutual agree ment on broad policies can either oi us attain economic security and pre- serve our freedom"
 He cited the fact that during the pit of the depression, income Oi workers dropped 50 per cent and farmers cash receipts declined by the same amount. After 1883 workers wages started rising and farmers income "rOse in close and direct proportion," he pointed out
 These figures, he said, show the necessity of teamwork" between labor and the farmers.