davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1946-07-04
German Leaders Open
Final Pleas al Trial.;
Place Guilt on Hitler
BY fhe Lssoeiated Press

NUREMBERG, Germany, July 4.
The 81 German leaders on trial
for war crimes opened their final
plea for acquittal today, accusing
Adolf Hitler of the entire guilt for
their country's aggression.
Prof. Hermann Jahreiss presented
the first of the defense summaries.
The lengthy treatise challenged the
charter setting up the international
military tribunal on which sit the
judges of the United States, Russia,
France and the United Kingdom.
The neutrality-suspicious., SOL
diers, admirals and diplomats-lis-
tened. Among them were Hermann
Goering, Joachim Won Ribbentrop.
Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel, Col
Gen. Alfred Jodl, Grand Admirals
Karly Doenitz and Erich Raeder,
Hjalmar Schacht. Franz Won Papen,
Julius Streicher, Rudolf Hess, Alfred
Rosenberg and assorted lesser lights
of the Nazi regime.
Jahreiss contended that the breach
of peace was a matter between
States and that individuals could
not be tried and sentenced for 1t
under existing law. He said all Ger
mans simply were obeying their own
law when they followed Hitler,
whom he described as 1.-The arbiter
of war and peace between the Reich
and other nations, he alone"
He denied there was any idea of
conspiracy among all the Nazi lead
ers to conquer the world, saying:
IF conspiracy existed as the in
dictment assumes, the conspirators
were remarkably incompetent Or
ganizers. Instead of cooperating
and going through thick and thin
together, they fought each other.
The history of jealousy and mis-
trust between powerful persons un-
der Hitler has still to be written.
People surround themselves with
secrecy between departments and
within departments.
"An order of the Fuehrer's was
binding and indeed legally binding
even If the directive was contrary
to international law or other tradi.
tional values"
Evening star., 1946-07-04

from New York and New Jersey,
which States have their own fair
employment practice laws. Those
who have been making the fight for
fair treatment believe the expert
ence of these States proves that
legislative action is essential if dis
elimination is to be prevented.
They have organized and will con-
tinue their effort to persuade Con-
greSS.
Evening star., 1946-07-04
British Diet Suffers
In New Ration Rules
BY the Assoeioted Press

LONDON, July 4.-Bread will be
a main course in cafes under new
ratloning regulations which the
Ministry of Food estimates will cut
the calorie content of Britain's daily
diet from 1850 to 1890 per person.
Calorie consumption in France,
Belgium, Holland and Norway is es-
timated to be between 1900 and D.
500, and in Greece, Yugoslavia,
Czechoslovakia and Italy between
1900 and 1900.
Evening star., 1946-07-04
Display Honors Philippines

An exhibit dealing with the his
tory of the Philippine Islands and
honoring that nations achievement
of independence today is now On
display at the Library of Congress,
DR.. Luther H. Evans, Librarian of
Congress, announced today. The
exhibit consisting of maps, docu-
ments, manuscripts and music, will
be on display until August /.
Evening star., 1946-07-04
THE EVENING STAR, Washington D. C. - Ais


the press discussing and even pre-
dieting war. Such action" the
Herald Tribune quoted him as say
ing, can be considered as treachery
toward our common cause in regard
Of the people of all the United
Nations, including the American
people"
Evening star., 1946-07-04

instead of staying put in a cool,
comfortable hotel room.
The lunch is all packed. I had
to help make it last night in order
to give it time to reach just that
degree Of limpness and sogginess
required of all picnic fare. What
fun it was to make it, too!
Off to Jungle"
Let other men talk of the thrill
of sailing boat before a spanking
breeze-Ill take stuff1ng a deviled
egg. Let others eyes glow at the
thought of fighting a salmon-mine
light up when there's a bowl of
potato salad to be mixed. Give me
chance to make rousing good
ham and Swiss on rye, and III leave
the tennis and the golf and the polo
to some one else.
The Jungle" in which our picnic
party is going to spend the Fourth
is about 20 miles from Times Square
as the crow would fly. A crazy
crow, that is. Any sensible crow
would fly in the opposite direction,
because on the Fourth this little
patch of woods will respond to the
tread of more feet than the turf of
Agincourt at the height of the
battle.
The man who organized our pic
mic, and picked out the spot, said it
was a forgotten little nook, and that
we would find it deserted, and
would have it "all by our lonesome. "
Those were his words-"all by our
lonesome SO you know what sort
of chap he is. I haven't seen the
place, but am giving so to he is a
bald-faced liar. No spot within 20
miles of New York is secret or for
gotten. And that goes double on
the Fourth of July, when something
like 100000 people scatter from
New York. I don't care if you
found a patch of poison ivy, SO feet
by so feet, marked as poison ivy by
big sign, if you went into it, you'd d
find hundred or more people hav-
ing picnic.
Sun Also Rises.
We are leaving early-the sun has
just risen-in order to steal a march
on the other 100000 get-out-of-
toWners. But this isn't going to
work. I know that. All the other
100000 have the same idea about
beating the rush, and right now are
piling in their cars. We will all
meet in a merry. merry scramble
at the bridges and the tunnels, and
there will be gay blowing of horns,
laughing bellows of anger and NUT
tered mumbles of rage by the happy
pilgrims.
There is another thing that damp
ems my enthusiasm for picnics. The
old picnic gag has to do with how
the insects and wild life poster the
picnickers. But what about the in
sects and wild life being worn to
a frazzle by the humans? They
go to bed on the night of the third
not knowing that the next day is
the Fourth, and expecting to get ur
to a quiet, peaceful, routine day
The next thing they know theil
homes are being tramped on by
thousands of feet, their husbands
wives, children, sweethearts being
swatted and manned and terrified.
| Confound it, why did the British
have to go and lose!
! Distributed by McNausht Syndicate. Inc J
Evening star., 1946-07-04

tpOpulatlOn o.
000), to kiss the
grandchildren of
the people who
first voted for
him in 1914. His
u n / n terrupted
tenure of 80
years is being
challenged for
only the third
time. A Metho-
dist m l n Is t e r
seeks to unseat
him on the slo-
gan, "A vote for
me is a vote for
Evening star., 1946-07-04

l am a mouse,
not a man.
A horrible ad-
m / S sion to
make on Inde-
pendence D a y,
but it's true.
Here I am,
a f ter having
sworn and dou-
BILE sworn that I
would never 60
on a picn / C
a g a in, getting
ready to cele-
brate the Glori-
ous Fourth in a
Evening star., 1946-07-04

lC1 Va 4dCC, COlOI, &CllSiouo DSilC4 vi
national origin.
The committee, whose work is now
ended, was established by President
Roosevelt through an executive order
Congress for time grudgingly
granted half-sufhcient funds to
keep it going but, despite support
of both parties in their platforms
and despite the urging of Mr.. Roose-
welt and later of Mr.. Truman, re-
fused or failed to give it permanent
legislative status. In the Senate ii
was a case of yielding, as usual, to
Southern filibusterers. Finally, Con-
gress voted the committee a meager
sum with which to wind up its af-
fairs. This the committee, headed
by Chairman Malcolm Ross, has
now done and made its report to
the President.
OF Interest to All.
Some of the committees findings
should be of interest to all citizens.
For example:
THE wartime gains of Negro,
Mexican American and JEWS h
workers are being lost through an
unchecked revival of discriminatory
practices.
The war veterans of these mi
nority groups today face far greater
difficulties than other veterans in
obtaining training and finding
work"
Government action was effective
In reducing wartime discrimina-
ton, but the gains made began to
disappear as soon as wartime con-
trolls. were relaxed"
Nothing short of congressional
action to end employment discrim-
ination can prevent the freezing of
American workers in fixed groups,
with ability and hard work of no
account to those of the wrong race
or religion"
This denial of equal opportunity
II allowed to become permanent
cannot fail to create civic discord
and to be a cause of embarrassment
to the United States in its interna-
tional relations"
During the war, the committee
reported, discrimination was aban-
doned in most cases where the Gov
ernment intervened. And, once the
barriers were down, the workers of
varying races and religions worked
together efficiently and learned to
accept one another without rancor.
The War and Navy Departments,
the Civil Service Commission, the
Maritime Commission, the War
Shipping Administration and the
War Manpower Commission all
found the Government effort worth
while and agreed it should be con-
tinued.
Southern Samurai.
But even before Japan was licked,
the Senate had indicated its willing
ness to accept a defeat from our
own Southern Samurai. So
discriminatory advertisements In
daily newspapers have increased
greatly since VI day, both against
Negroes and Jews. A sample study
of job orders in II selected areas
during February, 1916, showed d
per cent of the orders to be dis.
criminatory In large samplins
of orders for Government jobs, II
per cent had discriminatory speci
fications."
IN many veterans employment
Offices there is marked difference
in the treatment accorded minorit,
veterans. In the South, separate
and unequal services are providet
Negroes and xican-Americans
Elsewhere the tendency is to refe
Negroes, Jews and Nisei only t.
menial jobs. to advise them to fl
for unemployment insurance insteat
of skilled work. = ="
about one-fifth of all firms ques
ton veteran applicants as to thei
religion. A fourth of the CONNER
cial employment agencies requir
religious identification"
Least discrimination is reporte'
Evening star., 1946-07-04

the wars need
for human labor,
re 6 ar dl ess of
color, brought
the fair practice
committee into
e X / S t ence. We
are back in the
Bilbo and Ran
kin st a e of
mind, W h l c h
condemns to a
lower class OF
citizenship a ! !
persons who diff
fer from MeSsrs.
Bilbo and Ran
kin in the mat
Evening star., 1946-07-04
AirmoiI Rote heurina Set

The Senate, Postoffce Committee
will open hearings next Wednesday
on a House-approved bill which
would reduce the basic airmal let
ter rate from to S cents.
Spanish decorations of the Mid
die Ages frequently combined Moor
ish and Christian motifs.
Evening star., 1946-07-04
Doris Flees0n
Navy's Pets and Tests
Battleship Survives While Merger
Heads for Congressional Reefs
Doris Fleeson

The exultant word being around the Navy that the
battleship survives It is unhcaton that is obsolete
About the former assertion there great argument still to
Senators taking notably cynical attitude regard
ing the Navy tests against the Nav pets and of the
evidence is not all in About the latter there be doubt
Evening star., 1946-07-04
.LoueH Mellett
On the Other Hand
Says Congress Holds All Men Not
Created Equal to Bilbo and Rankin
LoweH MeHett

This week celebrate the anniversary Declaration Of
Independence declaration that all equal
And this week witness although celebrate It,
formal repudiaon of that declaration confirmation
of the caste system in this country.
The Fair EMPLOYMENT Practice Committee designed to give
Evening star., 1946-07-04
McLemore
Admits He's q Mouse
And Goes on Picnic
BY Henry McLemore

NEW YORK-It is a good thing
that there isn't a mousetrap any
where around, because if there were
it's a cinch I'd be in it.
Evening star., 1946-07-04
Answers to
Questions

A reader can get the answer 10 any
question of fact by writing The Evening
Star Information Bureau, 316 I street
NE. Washington >. D c. Please in
close cents for return postage.
Evening star., 1946-07-04

this session of Congress.
The Navy's secret weapon, Chair.
man Vinson of House Naval Affairs
has gone home to Milledgeville, Ga
Evening star., 1946-07-04

@. What do the figures of the
Presidents symbolic on the Rush
more Memorial in South Dakota?-
A. L. H.
A. The figure of Washington SYM
bolizes the founding of the Union:
that of Jefferson, the adoption of
the Constitution and the Louisiana
Purchase; that of Lincoln, the pres
ervation of the Union, and that of
Roosevelt, the expansion of the
country and the building of the
Panama Canal. The Roosevelt re-
ferred to Is President Theodore
Roosevelt.
@. Is the Abbey of Monte Casino
in Italy to be rebuilt?-D. L. B.
A. On March Is, 1945, the first an
nlversary of its destruction by
bombs in World War II, the founda-
ton stone of a new building to
shelter the remaining monks was
laid. The abbey was founded in
529 by st. Benedict and three times
destroyed: By the Lombards in $50;
by the Saracens in 884, and in 1914
@. What advantages are gained
by the study of Latin?-E. E. r.
A. There are many. but briefly,
the Latin language Is one of the
most perfect vehicles of literary ex-
preston that man has ever per-
fected. Latin is not only the pre-
dominant element in French, Span
ish and Italian, but also a powerful
factor in the knowledge of the Eng
nsh language. Familiarity with
Latin is essential in many of the
professions.
Q. What American division pene-
trated farthest east in the European
theater of operations? What was
the most easterly point reached?-
j. S. P.
A. According to the War Depart
ment, the list Infantry Division
penetrated farthest east in the
European theater of operations ir
World War II. Steyr. Austria, was
the farthest eastern point reached
@. In which engagements did the
9Th United States Cavalry partici.
pate? How many battle stars die
it earn?-E. P.
A. The 9Th Cavalry participated
in the following campaigns: Nor,
mandy, Northern France, Rhineland
Ardennes and Central Europe. 1
earned five battle stars.
Evening star., 1946-07-04

Platinum was originally discovered
in South America.
Evening star., 1946-07-04

meaning to our resounding declara-
ton of equality, has ceased to exist,
brushed off the. books by Congress.
We are back where we were before
Evening star., 1946-07-04

II the Sabbath goes everything
else goes with it.-Lawrence.
Evening star., 1946-07-04

G. Is the shortage of housing at
present due to an increase in home
ownership during the war period?-
o. F. F.
A. There was a pronounced in
crease in home ownership over the
country between April, 1910, and
late 1945. Increases of 81 per cent,
% per cent and 36 per cent and
over, were noted in a number of
cities surveyed. Eight cities showed
an increase of so per cent in home
ownership.
Evening star., 1946-07-04

@, Of what is true Scotch whisky
made?-L. E. T.
A. True Scotch whisky is made of
matted barley and aged in wood.
Evening star., 1946-07-04
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE

@. How long did it take to rebuild
the City of Chicago after the dis
astrous fire of 1871?-R. E. V.
A. The entire burned district was
rebuilt within four years.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-03-05
Local Students With College GIee Club

Miss Mary Louise Egan, daughter of Senator and Mrs. Edward P. Egan of Flske Street, Maryrose Clarkin, daughter of pr. and Mrs. Frank V. Clarkin of West Main Street, Miss Rosalind Shea, daugh- ter of MT. and Mrs. Matthew 0, Shea of Southwlck Avenue, Miss Ann Nolan, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas r. Nolan of Randolph Avenue, and Miss Elizabeth Scully, daughter of Mrs. John J. Scully of Pennington Avenue, are members of the College of St. Elizabeth 0lee Club, Convent Station, in their llth annual concert at Town Hall, New York Olty, Saturday night, March l6, as announced by Sister Rosalita, chairman of the music department at the college.
 Under the direction of Frederic Joslyn the group of 04 voices will sing 6 number of selections of Rons aid, Drigo, Davis, Tschalkowsky, Scarlatti, Bizet, and dounod Miss Evelyn Kenny of Lincoln Street, this city, and Miss Jane Dalton of Salem, Mass, will be accompanies tor the singing. Duo plano selec- tlons will be played by Miss Ann Warren of orange, N. J., and Miss Dalton, their selections to include Q pAraphrase of "Die FledermauS" by Johann Strauss, and "Ritual Fire Music" by DeFalla. Jean Patterson of Red Bank, N. J., will sing Q group of solos by Strauss and Puccini.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-03-05
MatiIda LerS
 Wed Yesterday

In a setting of palms and cut flowers, Miss Matilda Lerz, daughter of Mrs. VincenZa Lerz of Nelson Avenue and Salvatore Veneziano son of Mrs. Concetta Veneziano of Ward Street, were united in mar riage. The wedding was held yester- day at the Church of Our Lady of Lourdes and a musical program was presented with Miss Gloria Basifico, soloist.
 The bride, given in marriage by her brother, Alfred Lerz, had as her maid of honor, a cousin, Miss Phil lis DeFalco, and as bridesmaids, Miss Mary Veneziano, sister of the bridegroom, and her niece, Miss Mary L. Cipriano.
 Arthur Veneziano was best man and Michael .Canizzaro and Louis Magnano were ushers.
 The bride was attired in a white starched chiffon gown fashioned with a high oval neckline, chiffon yoke, satin bodice, long sleeves that tapered to a point at the wrist and 6 lul1 Sh4AL OA SOhASAASA SAAAASAAi WI satin cut en train. Her full lengtf veil edged in lace, fell from a bead ed tiara.
 The maid of honor wore a pes green crepe gown styled with g heart neckline, fitted bodice, short sleeves, peplum effect and full skirt terminating in a short train Her ensemble was completed with matching mitts, a gold sequin calot edged in matching ruching and she carried a huff of sweet peas and yellow roses.
 The bridesmaids were attired in yellow velvaray gowns styled with scalloped necklines, bracelet length sleeves, bouffant skirts and fitted bodices. They wore matching calots and carried bouquets of sweet peas and red roses.
 A reception was held for 300 guests at Concordia Hall. The couple left on a wedding trip to New York City Upon their return they will reside at 25 Nelson Avenue.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-03-05
Group Holds Monthly Meeting

The Children of Mary of Sacred Heart parish held their monthly meeting on Sunday. March 3, with Ruth Ronalter presiding as prefect'
 The minutes of the February meeting were read by Secretary Genane Smith. The Office of the Blessed Virgin was said. Plans wera then discussed for Lent and for March in general.
 A committee was appointed to place flowers at the statue of St. Joseph on his feast day, March l9.
 During Lent the girls of the par ish will support a Maryknoll nun. Sodality members are now divided into groups of ten. Each week a group will be selected and will pay one dollar for the support of nun.
 The meeting was then closed with a reminder to the girls to pray fer vently during March for guidance in their vacations
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-03-05
Teen-TiMerSPI0n Dance March IS

The sos Teen-Tmers, youth group of the Warner Gardens project, met yesterday at the War ner Garden Community House and made plans for St. Patrick's Day dance.
 The dance will be held March IS with Harry Black. club president in charge of the affair, assisted by members Of the dance mommittee including Chicco MVscola, Eleanor Mautino, Ruth Chapman, Robert Derby, Gloria Wynkoop, Kermit Bouley and Raymond Wynkoop. Mir. Bouley is chairman of the decoration committee.
 Membership cards will be issued to members of the club in the near future.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-03-05

urday morning at St. Francis Church, Mrs, William Clasby was solotst.
 Miss Pelletier was attended by Mrs. Francis Gabriel, cousin of the bride as matron of honor. Francis Ryan, brother of the groom was best man and Jack Quilter, cousin of the groom and William Katzing were uShers.
 The bride, given in marriage by her father, was attired in a Queen Ann while net Point Desprit gown fashioned with an oval-shaped ninon yoke, fitted bodice, leg o'mut- ton sleeves with a self ruffie at the wrist, and a three -tiered hoop skirt extending into a short sweep train, Her three-quarter length veil of illusion fell from 6 head-band trimmed with orange blossoms and seed pearls and carried 6 prayer book marked with white roses and sweetpeas.
 The matron of honor wore a pink bOSdhCO Vd4ANbd SOWA SIyACQ WAbAl a heart neckline, fitted bodice, full skirt edged with pink grosgrain ribbon and short sleeves trimmed with pink groSgrain ribbon. She wore a pink ribbon in her hair and carried 6 spring bouquet of mixed flowers.
 A wedding breakfast was held for members of the immediate families at the 2l Club, followed by a recep- tion at Piccadilly Inn.
 The brides mother received in a fuchsia print dress with black and fuchsia accessories and corsage of sweet peas, was assisted by the bridegrooms mother who wore an aqua dress with burgundy accessor- ies and corsage of roses.
 The couple left on a wedding trip to an unannounced destination. Mrs. Ryan wore a gray pencil striped suit, gray topper, black ac- cessories and a corsage of sweet peas. The bride is a graduate of Wilby High School and the bride groom is graduate of Crosby High School.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-03-05

Ninety Xear- -OId Woman Urges Return to Farm

T love e good, interesting speak er," she said The highhght of her week Is the Second Church Forum, which she usually attends with friend.
 Recalling the old-time Waterbury, Mrs. Byam asserted life was with. out friction or turmoil when her family moved to the Brass City in 1869, and took up residence on Bank Street just below the intersection of Grand Street.
 The streets were muddy almost all the time and there was no public transportation, yet Its residents knew gracious living. People lived in large homes shaded by tall elIns. Women wore bustles and dresses made from eight yards of materials. Men donned high hats, boots, and brilliant cravats.
 Career Girl
 Eventually Eva went to work at Mill street factory where she in- spected escape wheels for Si @ day.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1946-03-05
By BETTY BLANCHARD

A liinety-year-old woman, recall- ing many years of pleasant, peaceful living advised return to the farm as the solution of Americas econ- oInic troubles.
 Mrs. Erwin E. Byam, crocheting briskly and expertly, discussed many phases of modern life with sure convictions yesterday in the lobby of the Hotel Kingsbury where she resides.
 "The trouble with this country to- day is everyone wants Q job in the city and there aren't enough to go around. They live in crowded ten- ements, never get any sun, and are forever worrying apout how long their job is going to last. A small farm offers any family Q secure live ing. It doesn't take 6 large garden to keep e family going. Just patch of ground and . COW.
 But the woman who moves to the farm must be Q real hoSnemaker,