davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-26
Interpreting
The News
BY JAMES D. WHITE
Associated Press Staff Writer

SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. 25--R
More than 80 years ago the King
Of Siam had an idea, and it's
still paying dividends.
Noting that America had large
tropical areas such as Florida, he
wrote to President Abraham Lin
coin offering a herd of elephants
from which we could build up q
source Of motive power.
Lincoln replied with thanks, say.
ing we had locomotives.
Today, Siam has reason to be
grateful for American goodwill as
she tries to get back on the track
after her brief excursion as ia
pans only Independent ally in the
Pacific war.
For the American view--that
Slams alliance with japan was
not the wish Of Siamese people
is behind the terms of the treaties
which Siam today is signing with
her recent enemies.
Siam became a constitutional
monarchy in 1882 after 4 blood.
less revolution. But In 1889 an
army officer named Luans Pibul
Songgram set himself up as dicta.
tor with strong leanings toward
Japan. After Pearl Harbor he
declared war on the Allies in.
Guiding America.
The United States ignored IT,
and a free Siamese delegation re.
manned In Washington.
In the summer Of 1914, soon aft
er Hideki TOTO. fell in Tokyo,
Plbul Songgram was voted out Of
power by the cabinet, and the
same men who has led the 1882
revolution came back into pow
er--secretly helped the Allies.
When Japan surrendered. the
siarnese King declared his coun.
.Iys state Of war with the AL.
iles null and Void This sat.
i !: Washington, but other AL.
iiea powers had recognized q
state Of war with Siam (Which
SINCE 1899 had insisted upon being
called Thailand.)
me Siafnese went back to calf.
! ing their country Siam and looked
hopefully ,I,.s toward the peace.
mere was trouble with China.
certain Of Chang kai-shek's zen.
e1rals' including Chief Of staff Hnl
xlns1chin, talked OF sending chi.
f1ese occupation troops Ia sisrn
= sanere were riots in Bangkok. ths
saamese capital, involving the his
Snlnese business comrnunity |
peculiarly enough the Chinssa
never had diplomatic relations
with Siam, and negotiations haa
to be forwarded through Washing
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-26
Religion.
Day ByDay
GIVE TIME A CHANCE
BY WILLIAM T. ELLIS

GIVE TIME A CHANCE
II seems but a short time ago
that / was thrown out of the
Mosque Of St. Sophia in CONSTANT
nople. for coming too openly the
Christian symbols that were reap
pearing through the plastering In
those days the famous church was
a seat, of Moslem intolerance.
Now. behold, those Christian
mosaics have been uncovered and
restored by the Turkish Govern
ment itself; and st. Sophia is a
historic monument, freely open to
all the world, Christian, Moslem
and Jew.
Thus time does its work. Desir-
able things do come to pass, if
we are patient. Unsatisfactory
children grow up into model men
and women. Evil conditions in
public life are abolished. In
word. the Kingdom is coming.
We would enter into the patience
of the Lord, with Whom q thou
sand years are as a day. Help us
to heed Thy "Wait on the Lord"
Amen.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-26
Auxiliary Guardsnen
Plan General Meeting

The Wilmington Wrlgn,,s,'~.l
Beach division of the Sixth Na W.
district Coast Guard auxiliary VT ~,
ed a general meeting Of all ofl lsm,
and men to be held at the cuS' ,ock
house Wednesday night at ociV''
to discuss future operations ,o,.l
The 212 members of the ~.
auxiliary will hear 1t. Conlo aetirs
H. Hines. Call for the hi no.illa
was issued by J. IRVING +
eommandant.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-26
More Used To It In Keg

The New York Times announces in
. headline that apple essence is bot
tied for use in trade. Our guess is
that bod would still prefer it in a keg
IN the barn for use as he and his
cronies desire.
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-26

Trouble lies ahead for certain co11eges
which, due to political pressure and ~ 1906
Tor publicity are dedicating themselves to de-
veloping great athletic tean,s.-Dr. John
HANNAH president. Michigan State co1lepe
The Wilmington morning star., 1946-01-26
TOP o. THE MORNING

But the end of all things it at hand:
be We therefore sober, and watch unto
prayer.
And above all things have fervent charity
among yourselves: for charity shall cover
the multitude Of sins.
Use hospitality one to another without
grudging.
II Peter 4; 10.
Evening star., 1946-04-02
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

Former Gov. Harold E. Stassen of
Minnesota threw down the gauntlet to
conservative. anti-international collab-
oratlonlsts In the Republican party
and particularly in the Republican Ma
tlonal Committee-When he issued his
statement on Representative Carroll
Reece's election as national chairman.
The election of chairman, Mr..
Stassen insisted, by the national COM
mittee, does not constitute a decision
by the Republican party on policy or
platform. Republican primary elections
and conventions in 1916 and le48 will
decide both policy and form, he said
The former Governor, who is a rec
ognized candidate for the l948 Repub-
hcan presidential nomination, also
made known his disapproval OF the
stand taken by Chairman Reece on
many issues In the past. He said that
while he would cooperate with Mr.
Reece as the new chairman in the
Republican congressional elections this
year he would carry on the debate with
in the party on issues and principles
Probably nothing could have empha-
sized more pointedly the expected split
IN the party between the supporters
of Mr.. Stassen and those who would
like to see nominated for President
former Gov. Bricker or Senator Taft
of Ohio. Mr.. Reece, who halls from
Tennessee, while not put forward as
a proponent of any potential nominee
for President, has long been a friend
of Senator Taft. 1t was noticeable
that Taft supporters were busily work
ing for Mr.. Reece's election as national
chairman. This does not mean that
Mr.. Reece will use his new position
to favor the candidacy Of Mr.. Taft
or Mr.. Bricker or any other aspirant
for the presidential nomination. He
will not. He has pledged himself to
give all his attention to electing a
Republican Congress next November.
However. the Reece election was
victory for the conservative Republi-
cans in the Middle West and the South.
as an examination of the roll call will
show. He had with him men and women
members of the committee who look
with favor upon the nomination in l948
of presidential candidate of the type
Of Mr.. Bricker or Senator Taft as op-
posed to candidate of the type of Mr..
Stassen or Thomas E. Dewey, Governor
of New York
The vote in the National Committee
found the friends of Gov. Dewey sup
porting, as general thing, former
Senator Danaher of Connecticut for
chairman against Mr.. Reece. It found,
Evening star., 1946-04-02

been feared. Also, the reports of
foreign correspondents indicate that
the balloting was fair and open, in
the technical sense. American, Brit
ish and French observers watched
all proceedings and were cheered by
the general public. There seems
little to substantiate Communist
charges of fraud and violence, or
claims of large-scale abstentions ex-
cept in few Communist strong
holds.
BY and large, the outcome of the
elections seems satisfactory to those
who see in them the indispensable
prerequisite of national stability and
reconstruction. Despite local Com
munist hostility and the condemna-
ton of Moscow, it offers brighter
outlook for Greece than a continual
tion of the uncertainty and extra
legal character of the "caretaker"
government which will now give
place to one based upon the votes of
Greek citizens.
Evening star., 1946-04-02
Lord Gort

Field Marshal Viscount Gort was
brave and able commander, one of
Britain's best. Descendant of long
line of fighting Englishmen, he rose
higher than any of them in the mill
tary affairs of his country. He went
to France at the very outset of the
First World War, and after having
been twice wounded, he emerged at
the end of it with the Victoria Cross,
this most coveted of British decora-
tions being conferred on him for his
exceptional courage and leadership
under fire. The same qualities
courage and leadership distin-
guished him throughout his career,
which carried him steadily upward
to posts Of ever-increasing RESPONSE
bility until 1886 when he became the
youngest chief of the imperial gen.
eral staff in history.
Lord Gort will be best remembered,
however, for what he did as COM
mander of the Inflated British Ex-
peditionary Force in the early part
Of the war just ended. This was the
climax Of his life as soldier-his
brilliant and personally daring di-
rection of the escape of more than
100000 troops from the terrible Nazi
trap at Dunkerque. The retreat
marked perhaps the blackest point
in Allied fortunes, but 1t was car
ried out so defiantly and so we'll
against such awful odds that 1t
thrilled and inspired all his country
men and the free world After that
he continued to distinguish him.
self, first in preparing the defense of
the home islands and then, in turn,
in top posts at Gibraltar, Malta,
Trans-Jordan and Palestine. He re-
turned to London less than six
months ago to be treated for the
illness that finally destroyed him.
His death robs Britain of one of its
great sons, but British history has
been permanently enriched by the
things he achieved in his too-short
lifetime.
Evening star., 1946-04-02

too, the friends of the late Wendell L.
Wlukle-Whose policies were much akin
to those OF Mr.. Stassen-supporting
John W. Hanes of New York for the
chalrmanSh1p. Had these two groups
been able to combine on a candidate,
Mr.. Reece could not have been elected.
But the Wlllkle-Stassen people would
not take Mr. Danaher because of his
stand on foreign policy while serving in
the Senate. In the end, some of the
Danaher supporters shifted to Mr..
Reece, making possible his election,
although the Hanes people stuck to
their candidate to the end.
Mr.. Stassen, bucking a large segment
OF the Republican national organiza-
ton, has a tough road ahead of him in
his quest of the 1948 Republican presi-
dental nomination. His bold challenge
to the conservatives and isolationists
places him in much the position in
which Mr.. Willkie found himself in
1914. Mr.. Willkie, however antagonized
bitterly many Republican members of
Congress. Indeed, he fatty told them
that he did not care whether he had
their support or not-he was going out
to get the votes of Republican rank and
file, This he found it impossible to do,
and after the Wisconsin primaries in
April, 1914. he took himself out of the
race.
Mr.. Stassen's approach to the presi-
Dental contest is different He has
announced plans for forums to discuss
and inform Republicans, particularly
the younger Republicans, on the issues
OF the day. 1t is through these forums
that he hopes to win over many to more
progressive ideas, and to firm support
OF international collaboration through
the UNO and other agencies.
Gov. Dewey made no effort to pick
the new national chairman Herbert
BroWneu, jr.. his own choice for chair
man, was stepping out of office But
Gov. Dewey's friends, among them Re-
publican National Committeeman j.
Russell Sprague of New York, an ardent
follower of the Governor, turned strong
ly to Mr. Danaher as their candidate
It is true that Mr. Danaher had the
votes Of members who no longer favor
the nomination of Gov Dewey for
President in i948 However the defeat
OF Mr.. Danaher and the election of MI.
Reece is regarded as a defeat for Gov.
Dewey. And the election of Walter S.
Hallanan of West Virginia as member
OF the Executive Committee was an
other slap at the New York Governor.
Mr.. Hallanan was let off the Executive
Committee after Gov. Deweys nomina-
ton In 1914.
Evening star., 1946-04-02
UphoIding Principle

LII ueClulnS 10 ADJOURN until TO-
morrow morning, the United Ma
tions Security Council came within
week of meeting Russia S insistence
that discussion of the Iranian case
be postponed until April 10. In a
sense, therefore, the move may be
regarded as a kind of compromise
gesture made in the hope that it
will enable Moscow to back away
more or less gracefully from its
present position and instruct AM
bassador Gromyko to end his boycott
of the Council.
But this compromise, If it may be
called that, does not involve the
slightest surrender of principle. At
the very outset of the Council meet
ing, all the members except Russia
and Poland voted against the Soviet
demand to postpone the Iranian
question and then called upon the
Iranian Ambassador to state his
case, even though they knew that
that would precipitate Mr.. Gromyko's
walkout. Moreover-and this is sof
first importance-the Council, before
adjourning, sent requests directly to
Moscow and Teheran for full infor-
nation, to be filed with the Council
by Wednesday at the latest, on the
present status of negotiations be-
tween them.
The requests ask for clarifying
answers on two questions, one seek
ing to know how far the two coun-
tries have progressed as regards the
withdrawal of Red Army forces. and
the other to determine whether the
withdrawal of those forces from
Iran has been conditioned on
Trans granting economic and polit-
ical concessions to Russia. The
questions do not imply, of course,
that Russia is not entitled to such
concessions, but merely reflect the
Councils proper interest and concern
in finding out whether Soviet troops
are on Iranian soil to exert pressure
for the concessions. Upon Moscow's
reply, If any, will depend the Coun-
cips next move when it meets again
on Wednesday. Meanwhile, every
sign indicates that the principle
involved in the situation-the right
of small powers to appeal for a fair
hearing and just treatment-will not
be sacrificed and that full discussion
of the Iranian case will take place
If the Russians remain silent.
Conceivably Russia, If it answers,
may word its reply in such a way as
to call for further clarification. In
that case, it might gain more time
until, in effect, it achieves its original
demand for postponement until
April 10. On the other hand, how
ever, since Poland, which almost
always votes as Russia votes, joined
the other members of the Council
in this latest action, there is some
reason to believe that Moscow may
be ready to cooperate fully. In
any event, largely because of Secre-
tary Byrnes' leadership, the principle
at issue in the Iranian case is not
likely to be abandoned on Wednes-
day, a fact of greatest Importance
to the small powers of the world and
to the mission of the United Nations.
Evening star., 1946-04-02
Letters to The Star
Argues That Teachers Deserve
Needed HIGHER Paw

To the Editor Of The Star:
The Star of March 81 carries figures
given by Walter Fowler, District budget
officer, comparing salaries of teachers
with those of other District employees.
They are stated in misleading manner.
Why is Mr.. Fowler afraid to give the
comparison on an annual basis? 1t is
obvious that he has no conception of the
responsibility and Importance of teach
ers, of the necessity of attracting we'll
qualified personnel to that field, If we are
to have well-educated citizens in the
future.
When typists and stenographers and
clerks often make as much as teachers
who must have years Of training, what
incentive is there for young people to
go into the teaching field? Certainly
none If, aside from the salary question,
one considers the papers to grade. lessons
to plan in advance, meetings to attend
(such as parent-teacher groups, ETC.,
that take up just about every waking
ployes can forget their responsibilities
when they leave their Offices.
Too, teachers are supposed to set ex-
amples in conduct, are open to criticism
so that even their private lives are not
their own, and they must keep up good
personal appearance, for children are
affected by monotony in dress.
Mr.. Fowler further states that teach
ers can make additional money during
the summer months. Except during
wartime, it always has been difficult to
find part-time employment, especially
for short periods, and then many
teachers must go to school in summer
either to qualify for promotion or to
keep abreast of new developments, and
this is expensive and precludes any
possibility of earning additional money
during the so-called vacation"
But aside from the difficulties of find
ing ways to increase their incomes dur
ing the summer, teachers need that time
to relax If they are to start the fol-
lowing year with any enthusiasm and
interest. Teaching takes more of ones
endurance than does office work." for
in almost every class there are a few
undisciplined darlings whose sole intent
is to divert attention from the subject
scheduled for discussion. The majority
of students are cooperative, but the few
who try to be the center of attraction,
whose parents refuse to cooperate, who
cannot be given the thrashing they de-
serve because of existing regulations,
drive good teachers into other fields
where they can make more money and
not have their nervous systems wrecked.
Having taught two years in high
school and seven in college, was pre-
vailed upon to substitute one day in
District junior high school. That was
enough; I refused to return to do police
duty. I have always "loved" to teach,
but not under conditions confronting
teachers today, when so many children
are not disciplined at home, have no re-
spect whatever for authority, no consid-
Grafton for the rights Of their class
mates. Teachers surely deserve salaries
to make them free of economic worries,
at least! MABEL E. MORRIS.
Evening star., 1946-04-02
This Changing World
Bv Constantine Bro,vn

The Greek elections are significant
because the Greek people went to the
polls In much larger numbers than
anticipated, despite the intense prop
aganda of the EAM (the Communist
organization).
Greece permitted American and Brit
ish observers to supervise its elections,
among them being James Grafton
Rogers, former Assistant Secretary of
State in the Hoover administration and
until recently a professor of international
law at Yale.
The preliminary reports of the Allied
observers indicate that the elections were
as free of pressure as could be expected in
a Balkan country. Some persons were
killed and others wounded, but that Is
not unusual In part of the world where
political passions run much higher than
in the English-speaking countries. And
counting of the votes has stopped as
result of right-wing charges of govern
mental bias in the tabulation.
Whether the elections will result in
the return of King George to the throne
will be seen in the near future. Many
observers doubt that the monarch will
be recalled. In spite of the success of
the party supporting him, his return to
power would likely cause a major split
in the country. George became very
unpopular with all the liberal and demo-
cratic elements in Greece when, before
the war, he supported Premier Gen.
Metaxas, who assumed dictatorial pow
ers. This action of monarch who had
taken an oath to maintain a constitu-
tional form of government alienated his
people and even the trials of the war
have changed their feelings only slightly.
George himself is said to feel that the
monarchy is no bed of roses. He has
become accustomed to living in exile,
having been forced to leave his country
three times. In 1917, when his father,
King Constantine, was dethroned be-
cause of his pro-German feelings, George
was excluded from succession for the
same reason.
He was called to the throne In 1923.
but remained only one year. The Greek
people preferred republic to the king
Evening star., 1946-04-02

course of events not only in GERMANY
but in Europe, would be a settlement of
the status of the industrial area of the
Ruhr and the Rhineland.
On the political side, such a step
would tend to fix the Western frontiers
OF Germany. as the Eastern have already
been fixed. Moreover. this settlement
would bring the French back to active
and cooperative participation in the
administration of occupied Germany as
a whole. and would pave the way for
the establishment of a unified admins
tration.
In the article referred to above, Mr..
Shirer invites attention to the admirable
report of the late Foreign Economic
Administration on the disarmament of
Germany. This report compiled by F'EA
experts, under the direction of Henry H.
Fowler, contains in Appendix j recon-
mendation for the internationalizatio
OF the Ruhr-Rhineland area under
United Nations control The recon-
mendations of Mr.. Fowler's report are
not very far apart from those contained
IN the French program, as set forth by
M. Jacques Chazelle in bulletin recent
ly distributed by the French press and
information service. The basic program
IN TACT, is identical-an international
territory, permanently detached from
Germany, whose products shall be
allocated in accordance with the
economic needs of Western Europe and
whose inhabitants shall have a special
type of citizenship, living under the
supervision of an international COM
mission.
There are certainly irreconcilable diff
ferences in these two proposals, and
they might we'll form the basis of i'm
mediate examination of this problem
with view to getting something done
about it. But it is clear enough that we
must first, come to reliable working
basis of cooperation with the Russians.
four-poWer treaty among the oc-
cupying powers in which Britain, France,
Russia and America would agree upon a
Joint occupation of Germany for not less
than Is years, and in which each would
agree not to reduce it's forces below
an established level for that period of
time without the prior consent OF all
the others, would provide a useful
stabillzing agent in a situation which
Is at present deteriorating more for lack
OF stability and certainty than for any
other reason.
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