davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
Finnish Government
Formally Declares
War on Germany
By the Associated Press.

BY the ASSOClaleQ FTeSS.
HELSINKI, Mar. 3.-The
Finnish government declared
formally tonight that a state
of war exists between Finland
and Germany.
The announcement said that
on March l the government
had unanimously adopted a
statement proposed by Premier
Julio Paasikivi, reviewing the
struggle between the Films and
Germans since the Nazi gov
eminent was advised last Sep
TENDER 2 that it's troops must
leave the country by September
Is under terms of Finland's
armistice with Russia.
The statement said the Ger
mans instead of complying had
opened enemy action" against
Firms in the Gulf of Finland
and in the northern part of the
country, where fighting still
continues"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
7 New Landings
Open Bid for
Southeast Luzon
American Veterans
Of SoIomons Invade
Isles Near Legospi
By the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
MANILA, Sunday, March A.
Gen. Macarthur yesterday made
his opening bid for the major
port of Legaspi and air bases on
Southeastern Luzon by sending
troops ashore at dawn on two
nearby islands-the 10Th and
Goth invasions of the Philippines
campaign.
Protected by warships and planes,
Yanks of the veteran Americal Di-
vision seized Ticao and Burias in
the Sibuyan Sea in a move to force
the Japanese either to quit Luzon's
Bicol Peninsula or face destruc-
ton there.
Forty-fve-mile long Burias and
25-mile-long Ticao, both narrow,
also further dominate the short
shipping route through San Ber-
nardino Strait and Verde passage
to Manila from the United States.
They are on the west side of Bicol
Peninsula. Legaspi, with its fine
port, is on the east side.
Veterans of Solomons Campaign.
Gen. Macarthur, announced the
new moves in today's communique
said Bicol Peninsula constituted
the eastern anchor of the japanese
hold on South Luzon and the two
invasions threaten it with envelop-
ment.
Burias is ITS miles southeast of
Manila, Ticao $50 miles.
They constituted the thi1ec and
fourth invasions announced by Gen.
Macarthur in three straight days
and the 10th and 18th since Feb
ruary 81.
The Americal division troops are
veterans of the Solomons campaign,
from 1t. Gen. Robert Eichelberger's
9th Army. Other elements of this
same division landed last week on
little Capul Island between Luzon
and Samar to help open a short
shipping route through the Philip
pines to Manila.
Today's communique reported
capture of one of the biggest air.
fields on Luzon Island, at Iba along
the west coast midway between the
western arm of Lingayen Gulf and
the tip of Bataan Peninsula. The
former American air base, which is
in zambales Province, and the town
of Iba were seized by troops of
the United States 18th Division
Eighteen damaged Japanese planes
were captured.
Along the south arm of Manila
Bay, the 18th Airborne Division took
the town of Ternate, Is miles south
west of Cavite.
The rarely mentioned japanese
Air Force sent four bombers against
Lingayen, scene of the Luzon land
ings last January 9. The communi-
(Cee HTIIppJNES Dooo AL
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
BY NED NORDNESS.

u.
WITH BRITISH AND AMER
ICAN TROOPS IN GERMANY
Mar. 3.-Tanks and troops of the
United States 9th and Canadian
LIST Armies joined up today in a
burst of mortar fire from the re-
treating Germans between Geldern
and Kevelaer.
So speedy was the American adj
vance that British troops attached
to the Canadian Army were I'M
aware they were in the vicinity.
AS a result, one American tank
sent over a shell very close-too
close-and the British hurried to
effect the junction
To warn them that there were
Allies on this side, British Majors
Bill Deeds and William Riley set
off across the field with Correspond
ent Charles Lynch, st. John, New
Brunswick, and me.
We were met by Capt. Robert
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
Marines Drive Ahead
To Cut Japanese Line
On Northern Two
Foe Resists Desperately;
Supply Ships Using
Both Sides of Island
By the Associated Press.


PACIFIC FLEET HEADQUAR-
TIERS, Guam. Sunday, Mar. A.
Although slowed by a desperate
enemy, the Marines drove to
within 300 yards of the cliffs
edge on Northeastern Two yester-
day in a move to cut the tightly
compressed japanese garrison in
two.
This gain was scored by Maj. Gen
Graves B. Erskine's Sd Division in
the center which halved in the days
hard fighting the distance between
them and the point where the cliffs
drop down toward the sea.
Admiral Chester w. Nimitz's COM
munique today, reporting Marine
gains of 200 to 400 yards, also re-
ported advances on the west side
but Marines on the east still were
stymied by an enemy pocket at Mi
Mani, southeast of captured Moto-
yama.
Japs Pressed Into Small Area.
The japanese are compressed in
to gourd-shaped area around Iwos
northeastern and northern rim. The
area is $500 yards wide at the wild
est point on the east and !. 400 yards
at the widest point on the north.
From the northwest coast, the
line runs almost straight across from
a point 1,400 yards south of Kitano
Point. The islands northern tip,
until it reaches within 300 yards
of the cliffs edge on the northeast.
At that point, the line is TOO yards
from the broad northeastern beach
below the cliffs.
The line then runs almost straight
north and south for 5000 yards to
the bottom of the bulge of Iwo's
east coast.
Supply ships, which first unloaded
on the eastern beaches, where the
original invasion took place Febru-
airy 10, are using both the eastern
and western beaches to speed up
the operation.
Marines NJ let Heavy Fire.
The communique said all divisions
met heavy fire from mortars and
small arms
Maj. Gen. Keller E. Rockey's 5th
is moving beyond a hard-won 362-
(See TWO. Page A-3J
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04

Geldern-Kavelaer area. we halted.
Here we believed we would meet
the American spearhead," said Mai.
David Macindoe. 1--WE had better
take it easy until we can patrol
ahead
We knew the Germans were
ahead, for we could see them DASH
ing across fields, discarding their
gear as they fed
After an hours wait, a shell
burst nearby and tankman
shouted: THAT amt German.
There must be American tanks
nearby
The patrol returned and reported
that tanks, obviously Americans,
were approaching the town from
the south.
Soon we could see them outlined
against the tree-lined road in the
distance.
Carrying red and white flag,
(See JUNCTION, Page Ash
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04

Committee Friday, said Vice Presi-
dent Truman had told him:
Il admire your stand very much
and I agree with you. When you
get into a fight, stay in it. I think
you are far from beaten"
An Associated Press canvass of
Senators showed that, among those
willing to state their position, there
are AZ opposition votes to 81 favor
ing the former head of the National
Youth Administration.
Nevertheless, Mr.. Williams said he
felt very much encouraged, and
added:
Irrespective of the outcome,
want the record to show how the
Senators vote on the issues involved
in this fight.
He said Senators voting againsi
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
Chinese Begin Siege
OF Base al lashio
Ey the Associated Press.

Gy tuc hSSOCldttQ EEcoS.
CALCUTTA, Mar. 3.-The enemy's
big Burma Road base of Lashio
was brought under siege by land and
air today and the Chinese LIST Army
began assaulting the outer defenses
61z miles north of the city.
Precision bombing knocked out
the last of six major bridges in the
area, making retreat out of Lashio
difficult.
Pilots over the stronghold said
sheets of fire and explosions began
outlining the entire marshaling
area. Warehouses went up in spec
tacular flashes.
United States and British bomb
crs of the Eastern Air Command
last night struck Thailands port
Of Bangkok with the heaviest raid
ever launched against the target.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
AGGRESSION Ban SET Up
By Chapu|tepec Act,
in Mexico
Connolly Halls Document
As Protecting Weak and
Strong in Hemisphere
(Tert OF Act of Chapultepec ON
Pace A-7.)
(Tert OF Act of Chapultepec ON
Page All
BY GARRETT D. HORNER,
Star Staff CORRESPONDENT.

MEXICO CITY. Mar. 3.-The
20 American republics. cooper
ating in the war effort. today
agreed on the joint use of force,
if necessary, to prevent any
aggressive outbreak in the West
ern Hemisphere and pushed
other measures intensifying their
political. economic and military
collaboration toward final ap-
prevail at the Inter American
Conference here.
Agreement in conference commit
tee on the Act of Chapultepec es-
tablishing definite procedures for
the first time in Pan American his
tory for applying economic and mill
tary sanctions against a threat to
the peace within the hemisphere
cleared the way for possible consid-
Grafton next week of the Argentine
question on what many delegates
regarded as more realistic basis than
possible heretofore.
Contrary to previous expectations
there appeared tonight to be a
good chance that, with what Bra
lillian Foreign Minister Pedro Leao
Velloso termed unity of action
against any kind of aggression as
sured" the conference may con-
slider adopting collective stand
regarding the present Argentina
government which is not recognized
by most of the other Americas. In
any event, it was clear there would
be no compromise with Argentina.
Any action taken here may be ex-
pected to emphasize that Argentina
must end the militaristic activities
of the Farrell regime which are
considered threat to the security
of her neighbors and assume her
full obligations as participating
member of the American family of
nations before winning recognition.
The three part Act of Chapul-
tepec was drafted in its final form
after extended consultation with
Senate and House advisers to re-
concile conflicting opinion over how
(See MEYTvO rTTvv pooo A-e1
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
Germans Blast Rhine BRIDGES
After Racing Into Dusseldorf
Tons of Dynamite Exploded as Americans
Close In on Gotewoys Into HinterIund

troops fought fanatically for hours
to hold up the 83rd United States
Infantry Division units pressing to
gain the one railroad and two high
way bridges which are some of the
chief gateways into Adolf Hitler's
hinterland.
They were armed with rifles, auto
matte weapons and 20 nm. ack-ack
guns, converted into field pieces.
Across the river German artillery
emplaced in Dusseldorf gave the
bridge defenders strong supporting
fire.
But 1t wasn't enough to stay the
power of the onrushing
Americans. Three Doughboy regi-
329th, 330th and 331st-
throttled opposition in this indus
See nTIESSEI ,DOPF Pace AL
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
500 Coptives Freed
By Reds Reach Odessa

MOSCOW, Mar. 3-More than
500 American, British and Canad-
ian soldiers liberated from Ger
man prison camps by the Russian
Army have arrived at a repatria-
ton camp in Odessa, it was an
here tonight.
British and American military
missions in Moscow expressed ap-
probation over Russian co-opera-
ton in moving the officers and SOL
dierS to a base for transfer home.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
picture on Page BIZ

About 20 persons were injured
slightly last night when the metal
ceiling of the Mid City Theater, 1919
Seventh street NV, fell on an audi
ence Of 200 colored persons and a
panic ensued.
Most Of the injured, who suffered
head and body cuts, were treated at
F'reedmen's and Casualty Hospitals
and all we're released, attendants
said. Several persons were carried
out OF the theater by police and
firemen.
The cause Of the collapse was not
Immediately known, according to
flremen, police and building inspec-
ton officials who started an IN
vestigation. The theater was In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
By HAL BOYLE,
Associated Press War CORRESPONDENT,

NEUSS, Germany, Mar. s.
Tons of dynamite, touched off
by German demolition crews,
blasted three great bridges SPAN
ming the Rhine into twisted
wreckage early today as the last
Nazi defenders on the rivers
western banks raced across one
span into historic Dusseldorf.
The destruction of the bridges was
in itself admission by the German
high command that the battle for
the Rhineland has been lost and
that the legendary river which every
Teuton loves again has become the
western frontier of a rapidly shrink
ing Reich.
A small, mobile Gordon of trusted
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
BY FRANK O'BRIEN,

Associated Press Foreign Correspondent
ANKARA, Mar. 3.-Disorders
in Romania which preceded the
resignation of Premier Nicolae
Radescu this week apparently
were led by leftists in the hope
of Selling power before the
Crimea Conference decisions
could be put into effect.
Romania definitely is test case
by which the Crimea Conference
decisions on the problems of lib
Grated former Axis satellite nations
may stand or fall.
There Is no indication here that
any Russians are taking a hand in
settlement of the important prob
lens raised by the bid for power by
Romania's Communists in the name
of "the National Democratic Front"
I have information that as late
as Wednesday no new instructions
based on the Yalta Conference had
reached American quarters in Ro-
mania and my informant said he
(See ROMANIA, Page A-4.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
Union Pledges Order
To Call Off Detroit
Strike Tomorrow
Meeting Of Workmen
Is Set for Tonight
By President of LocuI
Py the Assoc lated Press

BY the Assoc lated Press.
Union leaders agreed yester-
day to order resumption of work
tomorrow by Detroit strikers
whose week-long walkout has
stopped some war production
and imperiled more.
The pledge came on an agreement
with officials of the Chrysler Corp,
whose plants are principally af-
fected, to this effect:
!. The men go back to their
benches on the Monday morning
shift.
2. There will be no company re-
prisals against the strikers.
3. The eight men, whose discharge
for allegedly failing to meet pro-
duction rate requirements set of
the strike, will go through grievance
machinery to see if they shall have
their jobs back.
4. The production rate require
ments themselves will be submitted
to arbitration.
Production Is Halted.
Mike Novak, president of CLIO
United Automobile Workers Local
No. 3, telephoned Detroit, calling a
meeting of strikers for 7:30 pm.
today. He said he would "do every
thing within my power" to get the
people back to work"
A total of more than $4,000 are af-
fected by the Chrysler strikes-18,-
TAB strikers and $3.50 laid off for
lack of parts-plus 10,750 idle at
Briggs Manufacturing Co.
The War Labor Board yesterday
heard company testimony that the
Chrysler strikes have completely
stopped production" of such vital
war items as tanks, trucks and B-29
assemblies.
And unless the strikes are stopped
which international union officers
of the CIO-UAW said they already
had been trying their hardest to do
still other war necessities will be
hit, the board was told.
Union Blames Management.
Richard T. Frankensteen, JAW
vice president, told the board that
the international union intends "to
live up to the no-strike pledge to
the best Of our ability
But while saying the union heads
are "unalterably opposed" to the
strike, Mr.. Frankensteen laid much
of the blame on the Chrsler man
agement.
The Board held hearings, as
Chairman William H. Davis put it,
ITO find out why this production of
vital war material was interrupted
and to get that production started
again" The WLB, failing this.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
Ambassador Hurley
Returns From Chunqkinq

Ambassador Patrick j. Hurley ar
rived in Washington from Chunking
yesterday to report to President
Roosevelt on efforts to strengthen
China's part in the war against
Japan.
Ambassador Hurley was expected
to see the President early this week
after calling on Acting Secretary of
State Grew, perhaps today. He de-
clined comment on his report. His
visit here is not expected to be a
long one.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
BY JAMES Y. NEWTON.


The administration plans a
major revision of sterilization
policy soon to allow the granting
of fringe" wage adjustments
even though it results in price
increase or raises production cost
under Government contracts,
The Star learned authoritatively
last night.
The change would break the i'm
passe between the War Labor Board
and Economic Sterilization Director
Vinson which has delayed for two
months the final settlement of a
number of major wage cases. At
the same time, the Government is
determined to hold to the Little
Steel formula for determining basic
wage increases.
The policy revision would pave
the way for granting to hundreds of
thousands of textile and meat pack
ing workers the fringe" increases
WLB already has approved, but
which have been held up pending
settlement of differences with Mr..
Vinson.
1t would facilitate agreement be-
tween John L. Lewis United Mine
Workers and the coal operators,
thereby lessening danger of a dis
astrous work stoppage. Nearly all
the UMW's wage requests are in
the category of fringe" or second
airy issues. Any pay raise to miners
almost assuredly would necessitate
price increase.
Determined to Keep Formula.
While willing to give ground on
fringe" wage issues, the Govern
ment is determined to hold basic
wages within the Is per cent over
January, 1941, allowed by the Little
Steel formula The formula prob
ably will be retained as base wage
yardstick until that time after We
day, when civilian goods are manu-
featured in sufficient volume to alb
sorb purchasing power and lessen
inf1ationary danger.
The plan, expected to be an
nounced soon. calls for the setting
up of "stabilizing limits" for fringe
issues, similar to the limit to base
pay provided in the Little Steel
formula. WLB suggested to Mr..
Vinson the establishment of fringe"
limits as means of breaking their
deadlock.
Limits would be set for such is
sues as pay differentials for second
and third shifts, vacation pay and
Redistribution of scheduled wage
rates within an industry. It was
suggested that maximum premium
pay to be allowed for shifts might
be 4 cents an hour for a second
shift and 6 cents for the third,
as given steel workers recently.
Vacations with pay probably would
be limited to one week for q years
service, two weeks after five years.
1t was admitted that difficulty is
being encountered in setting none
tary limits for some items.
WLB would be given authority
under the plan to grant increases
within the limits" without approval
OF Mr.. VinSon, even where indus
try requested price relief and the
Office of Price Administration held
an increase necessary to absorb the
wage adjustment.
On the other hand, WLB would
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04

HELENA, Mont, Mar. 3 (P.-An
earth tremor of strong intensity, &C.
companied by a roaring and rum
bling, shook Montana's capital early
today, bringing to II the shocks re-
corded in the last three days. No
injuries were reported nor was any
major damage listed.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
Romanian Leffisfs
Seen Forcing Test
OF Crimea Formula
Disorders Fomented
By Communist Wing,
AP Observer Says

1.-THE 1Driter OF the tollo,Ding
dispatch visited Ronlanid last
fall and maintains close con-
tact Nth Romdnidn affairs
from his post in Turkey)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04

One additional man from
the District area has been
reported killed in this iDdr. See
"On the Honor Rou," Page Az.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04

Radio Programs, Pg. Gil
Complete Index. Pg. AZ
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
; BROKEN NAZI ARMIES FLEE ACROSS RHINE
Plan 10 Permit
fringe Wage
Increases Due
Revision in Policy
Designed to Break
WILKINSON Imposse

AFL MEMBERS OF WLB ask Presi-
dent to raise wages II per cent.
Page Az.
PLANT-WIDE WAGE BOOST
denied General Motors workers by
WLB. Page Az.
MINE OPERATOR SEES actuarial
merit" in Lewis royalty plan.
Page Az
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
Weather Forecast

Partly cloudy, not SO warm today; high
near so, low near 40; rain, moderate
temperature tomorrow.
Temperatures Observation-Disclosures IS, at
pm: lowest, 40, at 1901 am.
United States Weather Bureau Report.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04

(See MEXICO CITY, Page Asp
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04

(see WESTERN FRONT, Page A-6.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
New Tremor Shakes Helena

(See STRIKES, Page A-3.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04

(See TWO, Page A-3
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04

tSee WILLIAMS, Page A-1l.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04

(See ROMANIA. Page AZ.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-04
Home Delivery

The Evening and Sunday Star Is
delivered by carrier In the city and
suburbs at 90c per month when
Sundays; $1.00 per month when
Sundays.
Telephone Ma. 5000
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-06-01
Pvt. Augare Awarded
Liberation Medal
Public relations release

With the 32d Division, Pang-
asinan Province, Z u zlo;p. P.I.-
Major General William H. Gill,
commander of tbe-31us[ r -
Arrow Division, announces that
the Commonwealth Government of
the Philippines has awarded the
Philippine Liberation Medal to
Private Calvin e. Augar of
Browning, Montana.
Pvt. Augare entered the Army
in April. 1913 and left the U. S.
for overseae duty in October of
the same year. Assigned to the
32d Division. he saw his first &C.
ton at Saidor in New G uin a
when the 1860 Infantry Regiment
landed there in January. 1914.
cutting off Japs at Lac and Fin
chaven. He made the landing at
Aitape, New Guinea, where the
Division trapped the enemy gar
risons at Madang and Wewak.
Next came Norotai in the Meth
erland East Indies. There the 32d
silenced an important listening
post and isolated the Japs on
Halmahera, thus opening the road
to the Philippines.
On Leyte Island in the Philip.
pines, Pvt. Augare was in the
final drive down the Ormoc corr
idor when the Division cracked
the Yamashita Line. No" he is
fighting among the mile-higf
peaks on the Villa Verde Trail in
I the Caraballo M unit a n OF
Northern Luzon.
Before entering the service
PVT. Aueare was a welder for the
kyser Boat Construction Co.
Pvt. Augare is the son Mr.. anC
Mrs. Frances Augare of Brown
ing. Montana,
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-06-01

and Dad and my brother and Sis
ter and all the folks at home.
Thanks for the food and water
we have in this shell hole. Take
care of my buddies. Take care
of me. Amen"
In this case the kids name was
Private Ken Miller of Green's
burg, Kan, veteran of Two Jima.
Private Miller won't mind if you
substitute the name of your boy
for his as the boy who prayed
in foxhole for the home folks.
The link between foXhole and
home is never broken unless
you break it here yourself. Your
fighting sons look to you in the
7th War Loan to demonstrate
that you are helping them in one
of the most direct ways open to
you, the acquisition Of the most
War Bonds you have ever bought
in any War Loan.
THE EDITOR
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-06-01
Cpl. Gail CobeII On Way
Home From Pacific

Cpl. Gail l.. Cobell, son of Mr..
and Mrs. Joe ]. Cobell of Gu t
Bank. is on his way home from
the Pacific war theater, having
been granted a furlough a # e r
26 month service overseas with
an artillery unit of the T h j r d
Division. Cpl. Cobell attended
Browning high school. His war
service was at Nsw 2 e a a n d,
GuadalcanaI, Bougainville. Guam
and Two Jima.