davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-27

that the iAW-C1O has no Tight
with the AFL but with the JAW
ClO International officers.
They are our brothers in
unioniSm," one delegate shouted
Management wants US 10 fight
among ourselves. Let our union
get Us As much money aS AL
skilled workmen make and
there will be no trouble"
Reuthcr followed CaSebecr and
insisted that all members support
the no strike pledge as long as II
was part OF the union policy
lie advocated strongly, how
ever that the council bring pres
sure to bear on the international
union TO modify the pledge imme-
diately
"Once It's modified we can all
work together a. trade union
lists, maintenance and produce
tion workers alike" Reuther
said.
WANTS LEGAL ACTION
"But as long as it is part
of our union policy l will OPP
pose anybody who tries TO vio-
late il.
when we do this thing, let's
do il right. 1 hope We don't have
TO do IL but II the AFL won't
come to time. let's get in and
slug il out with them"
An hour after the delegates
voted 10 ask the international 10
modify the pledge, other dele
gates introduced resolution
providing that all delegates go
back 10 their locals and ask the
members whether they wanted TO
strike.
TRIED TO UNSEAT HIM
Alfred Faunce. new council
president, succeeding Jack Nc
CURE. who resigned last nighttp
take a Job with the WPB. ruled
the motion out Of order. An un-
successful attempt was made to
appeal the chairs decision and
bring IN a new chairman.
Reuther leaped TO the micro
phone, shouting
You can't do that. You Just
voted TO follow legal procedure
and ask the board to modify the
pledge. You are being very un-
WISE" he said, "there are news
pspermen in the audience"
Throw 'em OUT somebody
yelled.
mo, no. cried Reuther,
"dOn't do that. Just follow the
legal procedure"
And today more than 10000
workers idled in jurisdictional
strikes at Packard Motor Co,
Budd Wheel and Chrysler Corp
were no nearer TO decision as 10
when they would return to work
than they were before the con-
vention was held.
THEY GO FISHING
Ford delegates who threatened
to go fishing" if they couldn't
strike, made good their promise.
Four hundred and eightY-one
maintenance men at the Highland
Park plant refused to work today,
22l failed 10 show tip at Willow
Run, los in the gear and axle
building, 35 tire plant workers and
10 tool and die workers.
Crane operators in the spring
and upset building joined the ju-
risdictional strike and the COM
pany was forced 10 send home a
skeleton staff of 400 that had re-
ported for work despite strike
on another issue. One hundred
and eighty from another building
also were sent home
Approximately $4,000 workers
are idle in jurisdictional strikes at
Ford, Chrysler, Packard and Budd
Wheel plants.
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-27
SeesGern1dny
Set for War
Crowley Says Plant
Repair Is Simple

Leo T. Crowley foreign eco
nomic administrator, declared IN,
equivocally today that a powerful
German economic base fof an,
other war still exists, despite q
popular belief that Nszi industries
were completely smashed in the
conflict Just ended
'1t must be eliminated or con-
trolled before We will be able
To live at peace" Crowley told
a Senate military subcommittee
hearing int German potcntiali-
tieS 70 wage q third world war.
''If We were 10 leave Ger
many 20 its oVn devices and not
10 institute program Of eco
nomic and Industrial diSarma-
ment, Germany could be far
better prepared for war within
FIVE years than she was in 1889"
GIVES DETAILED RFXIEW
Crowley submitted an Industry
by-lnduStry review Of Germany
as she stands today, in which ne
illustrated his statement that
'for the most part the great ma
iorlty OF the most important
plants could today 20 into opera
tion after very little repair.
I'm fact" he continued,
'some plants are already in
operating shape, 4"
The United States, he said
must be prepared TO embark on
a long-range program Of policing
Germany from an industrial and
economic standpoint, and must
press for the formulation Of a
Unified policy now among the ma-
ior European Allies 10 control her
warmaking industries.
Suppression OF German war
making industries. Crowley tes-
tilted, should take precedence
over all other Allied policies in
the treatment of Germany.
"If there Is a conflict with
other policies such as repara-
tions or the need of other coun-
tries for relief or rehabilitation"
he said, "the policy Of prevent
Ing Germany from rebuilding
and perpetuating dynamic
power TO make war must be
considered primary"
SIX MONTHS FROM \. Y.
In discussing the present condi.
tion of German industries. Crow
ley reported that, according tC
recent reports from Germany, Il
appears that if the Germans could
have held out only six months
longer. they would have been able
10 smash New York City with
improved V-2 bombs"
He revealed that one German
dye plant, untouched by bombs
during the entire war, is capable
of turning out almost as much dye
products as the entire u. S, indus
try. This German plant was used
10 manufacture poison gas during
the first World War, and during
the war just ended manufactured
ordnance chemicals.
The German iron and steel in
dustry is gesred TO produce 25
million tons of steel annually, al
though this capacity cannot be
utilized except for war, Crowley
asserted
"The mere continued existence
~ such capacity is an invita-
tion to war" he observed.
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-27
FEAR DISSOLUTION

Seasoned unionists expressed re-
gret over the way the convention
ended. Some saw a possible disso-
luton of the council in the near
future while others expressed the
opinion il would be difficult to
get Tots of production workers to
back up the maintenance men,"
The meeting opened with Case
beer giving a report on the Go
and AFL in conference in Wash
ington Saturday.
He told the delegates that the
Go and AFL representatives
agreed in Washington Saturday
that they would resume negotia-
luons after both the AL and
.CIO strikers had gone back TO
Work
His report was greeted with
boOS Somebody IN the back OF the
housed shouted above the noise:
There is n 100000, 900 re-
conversion program on at Ford's
and N l know the AFL they
viii take IL all once they get in"
Several other speakers argued
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-27
THROW OUT OFFICERS

Lets throw the interna-
tionai officers out" some one
called from the back OF the
room.
Several delegates half ran "a
the speakers platform and asked
Richard T. Leonard. national
Ford director; Melvin Bishop. east
side regional director; Charles
Casebeer, an international repre-
sentative, and Reuther 10 leave
the room.
They declined. Almost immedi-
ately rump groups began holding
caucuses in halls and in a nearby
tavern. Others milled around the
speakers platform, demanding
Justice
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-27
DROWNED OUT BY BoOS

AT TINS ]unclure keuther, q
longtime foe of the no strike
pledge, rushed 10 the microphone
pleading with the workers not TO
strike.
He was drowned out by booS
and an attempt Of at least 25
delegates to talk simultaneously.
Reuthtr had previously told the
workers that he favored strikes
bat only If they were not in vio-
lation of the unions constitution.
You will only hurt your
selves" Reuther shouted. "You
must have the support OF the
-intcrnationai union 10 have a
fighting chance and you don't
have IL without international
backing. Let's make the thing
legal so we can call out produc-
ton workers as well as main
tenance men,"
Again he was drowned out by
loud talking and boos. Waiting
for an opportune moment. Reu-
theF shouted into the micro
phone:
"AlI Of you who don't want
to hear what have 10 say
leave the room and those who
do will remain"
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-27
Vel, Officer Die
In Pistol Duel

Continued from Page One)
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-27
INTERNAL STRIFE

The delegates had reached the
point Of fighting among them
selves and asserting over loud
speaker system that certain other
delegates. who claimed 10 be hot
potatoes. lacked courage, when a
representative showed through a
motion from the floor TO adjourn,
This started 30 delegates talk
ing simultaneously. Some shook
their fists at the chairman. some
shook them at each other.
Such phrases as:
You've got no CUTS; you're
one heck of union man; the
international has pushed Us
. around long enough" and "yOu
can't pull that stuff on me-"
were heard above the din.
Several delegates from Ford
and Packard locals shouted:
III we can't strike legally we
AZ least can 20 fishing. Let's
all go fishing tomorrow"
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-27

Before the session got out Of
hand, however. the delegaeS had
unanimously adopted a resolution
calling on the international CiO
20 take immediate steps 10 re-
scind IFS no strike pledge and
UAW-CIO Vice President Walter
Repther- prevented the Delegates
from adopting another resolution
for a citywide strike poll.
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-27
TRIED TO UNSEAT HIM

Alfred Faunce. new council
president, succeeding Jack Nc
CURE. who resigned last nightto
take a Job with the WPB. ruled
the motion out Of order. An un-
successful attempt was made TO
appeal the chairs decision and
bring in new ehaiFmah7
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-30

IT'S ALL done with draw
strings Al waist, neckline and
sleeves, Pattern 475l has no
buttons. no pIacket; no shout
der. armholc or waist seams!
What could be simpler 10 sew?
Pattern 475l comes in girls
sizes 6, 3, 10, j.. IA. Size 10
takes ~ yards 35-unch mate
ftai
ttitS -f,a' tern together with A
needieWork pattern for per-
sonal or household decoration,
20 cents.
Send 20 cents in coins for
every Anne Adams Pattern.
Write plainly name and ad-
dress, style number and size.
Send an additional Is cents
for the Anne Adams Book Of
patterns for spring. Free pat
tern for four aprons printed IN
book.
Send 35 cents in coins when
ordering tt7ert ft-ps tern and book
Send your order 10 the Anne
Adams Pattern Department,
The Detroit Times, Detroit 81.
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-30
Black EnameIinq

PAINT A set Of those ugly
oak folding steps with black
eggShell enamel Cthrce or four
thin coats give a lacquer finish
and stencil il in gold TO make
a side table steps become
shelves" suggests the Keep
House department Of Harper's
Bazaar. This black enamel tech
nique is also suggested for an
ornate walnut radio-victrola, or
applied 10 a strong, sandpapered
wooden box 10 produce A
smooth. lacquered black, sur
prisingly Chinese in appearance,
for a coffee table.
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-30
FreckIes Appear Nov

covering up the face, don't for
get the babby sox legs will look
more appealing if they are
given about the same attention.
After the nightly scrubbing
and rinsing always apply some
kind OF fabrication. this not
only keeps the skin smooth and
finer but will help to prevent
irritation.
Don't think of washing the
face and going out without
some skin protection. Put on
the foundation or lotion or wait
for the skin 10 relax and cool
so il will not be likely 10 show
any effect Of wind and sun.
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-30

NEARLY ALL Of us believe
midsummer is the time frcckleS
show up but lis really the old
March wind that encourages
them. We just love the first
warm days and that warm COM
Portable sunshine seems so
harmless. il is, of course, but
lassies who freckle. will do well
10 apply some OF their Suntan
bases or even a good makeup
foundation,
There are lots of things like
complexion milk 20 protect
young skin and powder is AL
ways some protection. While
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-30
Bfon Dunptinqs

pIoU CSVI PUU9s
egg
y cup bran
u cup milk
! cup slfted -four
q teaspoon salt
2 teaspoons baking powder.
Beat egg until light; add
bran and milk. Sift together
-four, salt and baking powder.
Add liquid mixture 10 SIftcd
dry ingredients and stir only
until -four disappears. Drop bat
ter by heaping teaspoons on top
OF hot meat stew, cover tightly
and let simmer for 20 minutes
without removing cover. Serve
hot Six dumplings.
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-30
Utilize
VesetabIes
BY PRUDENCE PENNY

VEGETABLES ARE a vital
issue when il comes 10 good
health and good eating so
OF serving them with every
don't let spring fool you out
meal.
Green leafy vegetables such
as spinach, Brussels sprouts and
eScarole play a large part IN
providing vitamlns and minerals
for spring diets, and carrots,
squash and turnips make up the
list Of yellow vegetables high IN
food value. Cauliilower, onions
and potatoes are also important.
There's plenty Of variety 10
be had for the asking.
Irish Stew Dumplines
l pound lamb stew meat, cut
in cubes
= cup sliced carrots
= cup diced turnipS.
q cup finely chopped onion
z cups diced potatoes
2iz teaspoons salt
u teaspoon pepper
3 tablespoons -four
3 tablespoons water
] recipe bran dumplings
Cover meat with boiling
water about / quart-and SIM
mer hour. Add vegetables.
salt and pepper; continue cook
ing about 45 minutes. A paste
made Of -four and water 20
thlcken the stew is made with
water and -four. Top with bran
dumplingS.
Evening star., 1945-03-22

ITO achieve international co-opera-
ton in the solution of international
economic. social and other humani-
tartan problems In the chapter deal
ing with the duties of the proposed
general assembly" 1t is provided:
The general assembly should initiate
studies and make recommendations for
the purpose of promoting international
cooperation in political, economic and
social fields and of adjusting situations
likely to impair the general welfare
Comdr. Harold E. Stassen, one of the
American delegates to the United Ma
tions San Francisco Conference next
month which is to write the final
draft of the security pact, has said sue
cinctly: I'VE cannot have continued eco
nomic warfare and continued military
peace He was covering a wide field,
of course. but that field takes in the
barriers to trade-and that relates par
ticularly to the tariff duties and other
forms Of trade manipulation
-
The reciprocal trade agreements law
is the baby of former Secretary of
State Cordeil Hull. 1t is the sole con-
tribution made by the Roosevelt ad-
ullIllSll dIlUIl Ill LIlC way VI tdl III IL.
lation in all its twelve years. The law
has been extended several times, and it
has worked well in considerable mea-
sure. and many agreements were made
with other nations 1t should be extend
ed again. The claim of the admins
tration spokesman now is that unless
there is still further leeway in deal
ing with the tariff duties, its hands will
be tied, it will be unable to deal with
new trade and economic situations as
they arise
The tariff in this country always has
been a local. as well as a national and
international issue. Each section of
the country, each group of producers,
whether industrial or agricultural mas
had its own stake in the tariff The
Republican and Democratic parties
have divided over high tariff and low
tariff rates. But there have been plenty
of Democrats who insisted upon having
their own people protected by the tariff
The result has been desperate struggle
in Congress every time a general re-
vision of the tariff laws was under
taken. President Roosevelt has avoid
ed such struggle ever since he took
over
Evening star., 1945-03-22
Bomb Shattered Germany

There was time when we had
only piecemeal Photographic evi-
dence of the effects of Allied air at
tacks on German cities, and official
estimates of the destruction wrought
were therefore subject to a measure
of skepticism. But now our troops
are marching through the places
where the bombs once fell, and all
doubt has been dispelled The
cameras did not lie.
Thus. before the American First
Army moved into Cologne, we could
not be sure of Allied claims that
from so to 80 per cent of the city
had been destroyed by bombing. But
inspection on the spot now discloses
that the claims, far from being ex-
aggerated. actually were conserva-
tive. The place has been virtually
obllterated, with not much more
than its famous cathedral left stand
ing. In the words of an Associated
Press dispatch, IF a New Yorker
should wake up some morning to
find every building in Manhattan
just a shell and the streets piled
with rubble-With no water, no
lights, no gas and not a pane of
glass in the whole island-the situ-
alton would be comparable to that
in Cologne"
Nor has Cologne been an excep-
ton. The same kind of ruin has
been found in city after city. 1t
takes little imagination to visualize
what all this must mean to the
German people, millions of whom
are now homeless. They must speak
OF their cities in the past tense-the
cities that used to be. Never in his
tory have the sewers of the wind
reaped such WhirlWind, and never
has country been so shattered in
its productive power. The wonder
is that Germany. despite this enor-
nous retributive punishment, still
reSiSts, as If driven by some wild
compulsion to see itself destroyed
entirely.
Evening star., 1945-03-22

the very heart of Japan, provides a
splendid system of borne COM
munications The fact that its
average depth is considerable en-
ableS the largest ocean-going ships
to ply its waters and has dotted its
shores with commercial ports and
naval bases. The Inland Sea is like
wise rich in fish and edible seaweed
which form vital staples in the Japa-
neSe diet.
Before the airplane, the Inland
Sea was militarily impregnable, it's
narrow entrances being defended by
intricate Notifications, quickly sup
plementable by mine fields and even
antisubmarine nets. But, like the
land, the Inland Sea has no roof.
Our bomber Squadrons of the air
have decisively proved that its in
vulnerability is gone, and that nei-
ther Japan's warships nor merchant
craft have any secure refuge.
Evening star., 1945-03-22
Another Plum Falls

The job of United States marshal
for the District of Columbia is a
political plum, as it is everywhere
else. 1t is such delectable plum
that it was not included in the re-
cent statutory reform, under which
deputy marShals were removed from
the spoilsmen and placed under civil
service. But the plum in Washington
has often been reserved for a de-
serving party worker, identified with
the local party organization. In
other words, it usually falls on the
right side of the fence.
The Presidents nomination of w.
Bruce Matthews of La Plata, Md,
for the marshals job seems to be
another slight for the local party
workers. The two previous incum-
bents Of the office, the late John B.
Colpoys and Edgar C. Snyder, were
WashingtonianS in every sense save
origin and both of them were close
ly affiliated with the local party or
ganizations. Mr.. Snyder came to
Washington in 1895 and had lived
here tWenty-seven years when he
was made marshal by President
Harding Mr.. Colpoys had lived here
thirty-cne years before he was ap-
pointed marshal by President Roose-
velt and each of these gentlemen
was affectionately identified in the
public mind with the Washington
community. The late Maurice
Sp1ain, who preceded Mr.. Snyder,
was a Well-knoWn member of the
Washington corps of correspondents
when President Wilson appointed
him.
BY contrast, Mr.. Matthews, men,
ber of a prominent Southern Mary
land family, has been active in
Maryland politics for years and has
been stationed in Washington only
since 1910 with the Bureau of IN
ternal Revenue. He has no discern
ible connection either with the To-
cal Democratic organization or the
Washington community. AS in the
recent appointment of a Pennsyl-
vanian for the Job of recorder of
deeds-another simon-pure political
gift-the local party organization
has been ignored and by passed.
Senator Chavez recently intro
duced bill restricting the selection
of presidential appointees for mu-
nicipal Offices, United States attor-
ney for the District, United States
marshal and judges in the local
courts to District citizens who have
lived here at least five years. 1t is
doubtful if the bill will catch up with
the Matthews appointment. 1t is the
type of legislation, designed for pro-
tecting the interests of the voteless
residents of Washington, which the
members of Congress find too
generous" to consider.
Evening star., 1945-03-22
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

The tariff issue quiescent during
these war years-is raising it's head,
largely as a forerunner of peace but
more Immediately because the present
reciprocal trade agreements law must
be extended by act of Congress by
June II or expire. The State Depart
ment has come forward with a pro-
posal that the law be extended for
three years, and has coupled with it
authority for the President to reduce
or increase-tariff duties by so per cent
below or above the rates existing jan
uary !, l945
Protective tariff advocates regard the
proposal, which has been put into bill
form and introduced in the House by
Chairman Doughton of the Ways and
Means Committee as drastic. They al
ready are vlsualizing the death of many
American industries and The hardships
OF American farmers, once the war is
over and foreign nations with cheaper
labor enter our markets. They show
that already many of the tariff duties
imposed by the Smoot Hawley Tariff Act
have been cut under the trade agree
ments act by as much as so per cent,
and that under the new proposal, it
Will Dc pSSSlDlc W IcuuGt lIlSSS TdbcS 10
25 per cent of the rates in the existing
tariff act. They are unwilling, they
say. to take any such chances with an
administration that may be free trade
minded. So it looks as though a real
battle will be staged, not only in the
Ways ana Means Committee which will
begin hearings on the bill in few
weeks. but also in the House itself and
later in the Senate. 1t is expected that
both industry and labor will have a good
deal to say about the plan.
The administration has pointed out
that If there is to be economic peace
in the world after the war, trade bar
rierS must be reduced to minimum. In
deed, this point has been stressed many
times. Countries that are struggling
back to their feet, and will be engaged
in such struggle after the war is over,
will be in a tough spot if they cannot
sell as we'll as buy commodities. The
matter has been included in the frame
work of the Dumbarton Oaks propo-
sails for an international organization
to maintain peace in the future. The
second of three purposes set down in
those proposals is described as follows:
Evening star., 1945-03-22

collective security agreement to which
all the peace-loying nations may agree.
Russia signed a 20-year Treaty of Al
lance with Britain en- May 26, 1942.
But this treaty, which provides for
mutual military assistance in the event
Of a conflict with a third or more
powers, says that it shall remain in
force only until the signatories, by mu-
tual agreement, shall recognize that it
Is superseded by an international agree
ment with other peace-loving states
ready to adopt common action to pre-
serve peace and resist aggression in the
postwar period.
In other words, the present 20-year
treaty between Russia and Britain will
become dead letter after the conclu-
sion of the Golden Gate Conference and
ratification Of its agreements
No such provision exists In the
French Russian treaty.
The French are not particularly
happy about the present trends which,
they maintain, will place the control of
the world exclusively in the hands of
the big nations. They maintain that
France is one of the major powers but
realize that it lacks the whereWith to
implement their claim They are willing
to remain Russia's closest associates In
Europe provided the association places
France in a prepondel ant position in
Western Europe.
In order to convince the Moscow gov
ernment of the necessity of supporting
Frances claims as world power it Is
essential that the smaller nations of
Europe should look to France, as here
tofore, as their main supporter.
This is considered by political OBJ
servers as the explanation of Delegate
Paul Borcours statement that the
smaller states must be given a real
political status" The French delega-
zion at San Francisco is expected to
become the champion and spokesman
of these smaller nations The strict
logic which always accompanies the
political manifest ations of the French
political men is likely to provide the
many fireworks which otherwise might
have been lacking at the Golden Gate
meeting