davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The union times., 1945-03-10
ves Shoavs OP Has Not Harmed Profits Or Production

tutions (these ban the union shop and should be called the right-tO- scab' amendments); and repeal of the Wagner Labor Relations Act.
 Each and every one of these pro posals means less money in workers pay envelopes. It's no wonder the re- actionary Moneybags are glad to shell out for the Christian American kitty!'
 Working hand in glove with the Christian American" outfit, the con ference declares, is Senator "Pappy" O'Daniel of Texas.
 Christian American" and O'Daniel, the conference charges, are merely stooges for powerful forces working behind the scenes to hog-tie labor.
 These forces are listed as the Ma tional Association of Manufacturers, Frank Gannett's Committee for Constitutional Government" and Jo- seph P. Ramps Constitutional Edu- cational League"
 "All these groups" the conference
The union times., 1945-03-10
Want Higgins Break With A.F.L. Probed

NEW ORLEANS = An open in- vestigation of attempts by Andrew J. Higgins, ST, to cancel contracts with A. F. l.. unions at his ship yards here was demanded by special committee of the New Orleans Metal Trades Council and the Building Trades Council.
 The demand went to Pres. Roose- welt, the chairmen of the House com mittee on um-American activities and the Senate national defense commit tee, the Justice Dept and local busi- ness, civic and religious leaders.
 The A. F. l.. committee described as contrary to the facts" Higgins charge that the unions were respon- sible for loss of contract to com plete ships built on the Great Lakes because of wage disagreement Higgins has been ordered by the re- gional WLB to continue his contracts with the A. F. L, unions pending final decision.
The union times., 1945-03-10
LAM Chief Drives For Peace Work
 OnNationalBasis
PresidentB Brown Starts Tour Of Local Lodges To
 Gain Support

Members of the International As sociation of Machinists = three-quar- ters of a million strong-are being rallied by President Harvey w. Brown to prepare now" for a battle to bring about full employment after the war
 Brown sounded the appeal to the members in an article carried in the January issue of the "Ma- chinists' Journal'' and he followed up by starting months tour of l. A. M. lodges, to talk over both postwar problems and increased support of the war effort.
 Item No. l in postwar planning should be strengthening of the labor movement, so that it will have the power and prestige necessary to fight effectively for full employment in peacetime, Brown declared. Higher wages and shorter hours are the next goals to strive for, he said
 Workers must receive sufficient wages to buy the products and services of industry if industry is to be kept moving with a regular ity that will assure continuity of employment" Brown asserted.
 "A more just division of the pro- ceeds of industry to those who toll, plus cut in working hours, must be- come reality if we are to have full employment. The first step will be to revert to 40-hour week, but soon thereafter lower hours must prevail if need be, 6-hour day and 30-hour week.
 Whatever economic necessity demands, industry must accede to. Employment opportunity must be paramount to every other question when the war is won. To our mem- bership everywhere I urge pre- paredness now so we will be equal to the occasion"
The union times., 1945-03-10
Over 100 Labor Leaders Attend Chamber Session
Texas Unionists To Work With Business In Expand
 ing, Promoting Ell Paso

FL PASO, Tex.-Old traditions died here when the Chamber of Commerce invited the leaders of organized labor to join in a con- sultation on expanding Ell PasO. This action followed g pattern which is spreading throughout the country.
 The invitation was extended to every union president and secretary in the city i'll connection with the C. of C.s postwar program to develop Fl Paso into the industrial and tour ist hub of the southwest The C. of (. has earmarked $250,O00 fund for tourist advertising, an industrial sur vey and hiring a sales engineer.
 More than 100 labor leaders came to the meeting. One even planted a union banner in the c.. of C. lobby. The uniOnists thought they were being consulted to get workers to give day's pay to help fill the campaign chest, but the
The union times., 1945-03-10
lOOAFLLeaders On BoardOf Free TradeUniionFund
Green, Meany, Woll, Du- binsky Supervise Expen-
 allure Of Funds

More han 100 leaders of the American Federation of Labor, in- cluding President William Green and Secretary Treasurer George Meany will serve on boards of the Free Trade Union Committee, Matthew Woll, President of the AFL and chairman of the Com mittee, announces.
 The national leaders will admins ter the funds to be raised during the Free Trade Union Committees $l,- 100000 January drive to aid in re- building free, democratic trade unions in Europe, Asia, South and Central America.
 In addition, there will be 2 Finance Committee of five headed by President Green which will re- view and supervise all disburse- ments of the Funds as recom- mended by the Executive Board.
 Serving on the finance commit tee with MT. Green will be George Meany, Matthew Woll, David Dublin sky, and E. E. Milliman, Mainten- ance of Way Employees. The work of the Committee will be carried out by an Executive Board of six teen members, headed by Matthew Woll as chairman.
 Other members of this Board are David Dubinsky, International Ladies Garment Workers Union; G. M. Bugniazet, International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers; Harvey w.. Brown, International Association of Machinists.
 Also serving on this Board will be Michael ]. Cashal, International Brotherhood of Teamsters; William Collins, the AFL's regional director in the New York area; Martin P. Durllin, Plumbers and Steamhtters i; Edward Fibre, Hotel and Restaurant Employees; Richard Grey, Building and Construction Trades Department, AFL: Charles w. Hansen, Carpen- ters District Council of New York State.
 Thomas Murray, New York State Federation of Labor, Joseph P. McCurdy, United Garment Work CTS; James L.. Qulnn, New 1Ork City Central Trades and Labor Council; E. J. Volz, Photo-Engrav- CTS Union; Max Zaritsgy, United Matters, Cap and Millinery Work CTS Union.
 The national officers of all affiliated national and international unions of the AFL will serve on the Board of Directors of the Free Trade Union Committee.
The union times., 1945-03-10
Unions Enemies LaunchDriveFor Shackling Laws
Seek To Railroad" Vicious Proposals Through Legis-
 latures Of 8 So. States

Foes of Organized Labor are planning to railroad" through the legislatures of eight Southern states dangerous legislation" striking ''mOrtal blOws'' at labor unions.
 This warning comes from the Southern Conference of Human Welfare, an organization of liberal educators, editors, labor leaders and others.
 In its official publication, "The Southern Patriot" the conference de- clares:
 "The spearhead of this drive is an organization Haunting false colors and faking patriotism, ironically named the Christian American It has concentrated its attack on labor and its plan comes nicely wrapped in three deceitful packages:
 Opposition to violence in strikes; 'right-lo-work' amend ments to state and Federal consti-
The union times., 1945-03-10
Unionists From. PhilippiinesSetup War Aid Fund
1000 Filipino Workers Band Together In War
 Relief Drive

LOS ANGELES - While their brothers at home fight the Japan ese, Filipino unionists who help make American ships and air planes in Los Angeles and its har- bor area have banded together into an organization called the Filipino War Workers.
 One thousand Filipinos from ship yards, plane factories, machine shops and canneries, members of United Auto Workers, International Associ- ation of Machinists, Food Tobacco & Agricultural Workers and Inter- national Brotherhood of Boilermakers have organized to help their fellow Americans and Filipinos.
 Setting as its first task all-out aid for the Filipino war relief drive, the FWW has this program:
 To help labor contribute its best effort to winning the war through war industries, govern ment service and the professions.
 To prevent discrimination against all groups because of their color, race or creed.
 To cooperate with those organ izations pledged to guarantee civil rights for all racial and minority groups.
 To encourage and facilitate the naturalization of all Filipinos in the u. s.
 Chairman of the group is Inocencio Guzman, AFL boilermaker, whose brother was wounded at Leyte. Guz- man has a perfect record of no ab- sence or, lateness from his job since he began in l942. Alex Velasco, we'll known leader of the Los Angeles Filipino community, is secretary.
The union times., 1945-03-10
Rental Income
 Also Increased

WASHINCTON-OPA Ad- ministratOr Chester BOwles used dozens of graphic charts this week to demonstrate to the Senate Banking and Cur rency Committee that price control has not stopped pro- duction and profits from soar- ing to all time high levels.
 Appearing on behalf of the Wagner resolution (S. JR 20) to extend the price Control and Stabilization Acts, Bowles said there had been criticism of OPA saying it had sought to control profits rather than prices.
 BIG INCREASE
 For all manufacturing, using the years l936-39 as base aver age profit, Bowles showed that in l943 profits were 256 per cent higher than average before taxes.
 In petroleum ana allied fields it was ll3%, automobiles l8l % !, apparel 2l4%o, electrical machin- cry 4l6%, textile mill products 5O3% and in rubber products 6l2%o. The increase in food pro- ducts was l9l% and in furniture 29l %. Taking retailers profits be- fore taxes, BowIes showed that hardware store profits increased 36O%, furniture stores l7O%, chains 25O%o and department and specially stores lO46%.
 Wholesalers in hardware gained l8O%o more profit than in the average period while dry goods wholesalers were up 64O% and grocery wholesalers just 3O% higher.
 Turning to labor and using the take home wage" Bowles said that in 1929 it amounted to $26o5 weekly, $25.20 in l940, $2o.S8 in l94l, $3o.55 in l942 and $43l4 for l943 with an estimate of $40 for l944.
 As to landlords Bowles said: Ken tai income far outrms expenses and the net operating income of U. 5. landlords was from 35 to 489o higher in 1914 than in 1889.
 Enforcement, Bowles admitted, is the weak spot of OPA today. He said that lack of adequate enforce ment personnel is costing the pub lie hundreds of millions of dollars per year. Bowles paid high tribute to the volunteer price panels and price panel assistants serving throughout the country and said more than 5000 labor union mem bers are serving on OPA boards.
The union times., 1945-03-10
Tenn. Leader Dies

NASHVILLE, Tenn. - Gerald Foley, four times president of the Tennessee Federation of Labor, died here last week after an illness of sev- eral weeks. He was A years old. Foley was serving his third term in the lower house of the state legisla- ture at the time of his death.
The union times., 1945-03-10
Voters Leagues

SAN FRANCESCA The various assembly, district clubs active before the November election here have combined as the San Francisco Federation of of Voters Leagues. AFL members are active in the new organization.
The union times., 1945-03-10

insists, "are striving nightly to pro- duce nationwide anti-labor climate favorable to the passage of state laws to regiment labor.
 If the campaign succeeds, the conference warns, 'fthe general public will be the loser as much as labor, because lower wages and working conditiOns-the object of the drive-always hurt the entire community"
 Already the "conspirators" have succeeded in pushing anti-labor laws through II states, the conference re- called, and said they are now work ing on other lawmakers.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-06-02
Alabama Negroes
Org For
War Loan Drive

TUSKEGEE. Ala. - Negroes in
towns Of nineteen rural and semi
rural Alabama counties had organ
lied war bond campaign organizs-
tons 10 spur the Seventh War Loan
Drive weeks before the drive off,
cially got underway
Every county IN the state has
pledged 10 far exceed It's quota for
The drive, the Department OF the
Treasury has been informed by is
field personnel.
Before the drive opened. at least
two Negro War Finance Commit
tees had held bond rallies In Mon
roeville, Ala. a small rural COM
munity. $4,000 worth Of bonds
we're sold in pre-drive rally. Eu-
fsuls, Ala, also staged a pre-drlve
rally.
Mrs Nell Hunter, promotion spe-
cisiiSt interrscisl section. Treasury
Department. recently visited Ala
bsms in connection with the work
Of the Negro War Finance COM
mittee that have been organized
throughout the state.
The Treasury representatives was
highly impressed with the manner
in which the Negro citizens Of
rural areas were proceeding in ar
engagements for the Seventh War
Loan.
The War Bond Saving program
among Negroes in Alabama is un-
der the direction Of Harry Simms
VI TuskeRee.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-06-02
Medical Society
Bar To Provide
First Bias Case

NEW YORK-One of the first
cases TO be heard by the New
York State snti-discriminstion COM
mittee when il begins work July
]. will be the one presented by d..
George d. Thorne. prominent sur
geon OF this city.
DIR. THORNE. hrst Negro MEM
Der Of New York City's Lincoln
hospital visiting staff and a men,
Der OF the staff at Sydenhsm hos
pitsl. hrst interrscial hospital in
the country, sought membership in
the American College OF Surgeons
for promotion from general sur
geon 10 assistant surgeon at Syden-
ham. an ACS affiliste.
One OF the rules OF ACS for
affilistes states that before q stan
member can receive such a promo
ton, he must be an ACS member.
In refusing the application OF
DR.. Thorne. as fellow, the So
ciety gave the following explana-
ton: The Board OF Regents fell
loWship in the college is not open
being conferred on members OF
the Negro race at the present
time"
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-06-02
By JOHN LeFLORE

BIRMINGHAM, Ala. - Calling
upon the South TO give up its feud-
al system, several leaders OF this
section and a congresswoman from
California. all speaking to southern
audiences. asked this week that the
people OF Dixie accept the chal-
lenge OF their responsibility 10 pro-
vide q democratic way OF life for
all
Gov. Chauncey Sparks OF Ala
bama, DR.. Clarke Foreman, presi-
dent OF the Southern Conference
OF Human Welfare. President
Frank p. Graham OF the University
Of North Carolina and +. p. Bow
man. executive secretary OF the
Mobile white Y.M.C.A., were the
southern leaders who spoke boldly
against the South's policies toward
poor whites and Negroes. Mrs.
Helen Gahagan Douglas. Demo
cratic congreSSwoman from CALI
fornia. was the visiting speaker in
this section.
In all address TO the graduating
class ~ JHdsen e0lleg re. at Marion
Ala. Governor Sparks on last Mon
dav served notice that he has not
gwen up his antI-poll tax fight de-
spite las, weeks One-Sided defeat
1y-t the state tpgTSlIturr.
Thinking Of Past
The governor told his listeners
th5t the poll tax was utilized to
solve The problems VI "a generation
ago"
Most OF us recognize that il was
a necessity Of HE times and yet
many Of US today cannot get away
from the thinking OF that day and
solve our problems in our own SUR
rOundings and environments and
not according TO the pattern set
by another generation the states
chl ef executive declared.
The governor. IN support OF his
proposed Wage-hour law. termed II
the remedy OF an economic UNI
Justice IN providing minimum
wages and maximum hours for
those not now protected
AT Tuskegee on the same day
DR., Foreman told the graduating
class Of TuSkegee institute. We
cannot build a decent democratic
country on injustice and inhuman-
ity. However inconvenient your
political psrtic patton may be
make the effort because the great
est dangers 10 democracy are in
and defeatism." he re-
his audience.
Dr. Foreman lauded Supreme
Court Justice Hugo Black and
Gov. Chsuncey Sparks Of Alabama
and Ellis Arnsll Of Georgia for
their liberalism and fsir-minded-
ness" He classed them as ex-
amples OF white Southerners who
are hshting injustice and IN
humanity"
At Mobile on last Wednesday,
Bowman told the Kiwsnis club al
a luncheon in the Battle House
hotel that there il q need al this
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-06-02

hospital recommended 10 the Per-
some! Distribution command in
February. lst3. that no more Negro
psuents be sent 10 that hosp tai
ThiS recommendatlon was accepted
and adopted a. policy b. the Per
sonnet Distribution command and
PIT into practice.
In has letter 10 Secretary Of War
S,lmSon. NAACP Special Counsel
Thurgood Marshall hit the fslla-
cious reasoning OF the AIR Corps
n setting policy TO oe adhered 10
IN the handling of all Negro per-
Sonnei. on the bass OF race or coll
NJ. He declared. The explanation
for this policy - another example
~ the fsllscious reasoning Of the
AR Corps All Negroes in the Air
Corps eligible for convslescent
treatment are excluded because OF
the alleged opinions OF four Ne
groes 10 the effect that they were
unhappy IN the northern climate.
1t IS unbelievable that the Air
Conn snd IN charge OF air bases
with Negro personnel IN northern
sections Of the United States as
well IS an areas 81 other countries
with severely cold climates should
suddenly assume that Negroes are
unhappy because Of The winter
climate at PlatiSbuTg There is no
doubt that MANY oi the white pa
tients from homes iuolower Florida.
LOUISIANA. Texas and California
might be unhappy IN the winter
climate Of Plstt>Ourg THIS is the
same type OF reasoning used IN IN
unsuccessful effort To justify seq
regstlon
The policy OF the Army Air
Corps in excluding Negroes from
convaleScent hospitals used by
white serVicemen is without JUST
ficstior. The determination OF the
Army Air Corps 10 p.rpctuate and
extend lis policy Of segregation
viii increase friction between the
aces and is destructive az our ef-
forts TO win just and lasting
peace We therefore urge you as
Secretary OF War 20 issue an order
countermanding the action OF the
Air Staff IN excluding Negroes
from PiattsburR and other conva-
lescert hospitals solely on the.
ground OF race"
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-06-02
Liberals Talk Out For
Democracy In Dixie

crisis in world affairs for the prac-
teal application Of brotherly love.
The widely-known Y.M.CA. Sec
rotary declared that the greatest
challenge 10 the nation is the
stamping out OF prejudice"
PLUCK it like some evil smelling
weed from a flower bed, before
ii even has chance 10 bud"
He asserted that there could be
no racial sntagonisms among
really educated people for they
would realize that racial superior
ity was myth and that pigmenta-
ton Of the skin could not determine
the essential value OF the individ-
ual personality"
COngresswOmAn for Liberalism
Congresswomsn Douglas told the
graduating class OF Alabama coll
lege al Montevallo last Monday
that she could not understand how
any woman can be anything but
a liberal
She explained that q liberal lis
forward-looking, open-mInded
person.
She urged the graduates TO de-
velop sn interest in politics. on
grounds that their greatest insur-
anCe for the future IS intell gent.
informed political action.
The CongresSWoman further
stated that: Man through science
has mastered the earth. the sea and
The air but he still knows very
little about his fellow man. or
himself. for that matter. So it Is
the science OF human RELATIONSHIPS
that is the next subject we must
master"
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-06-02
Schernner-
CONTINUED from Page ~

nique OF bringing people TO under
stand the needs OF each other
through careful study and expert
mentation."
Mr.. sSchermer concluded by say
ing that he thought that the inter-
racial organization Of Detroit was
not pioneering in the field and that
many other such organizations in
other communities had worked out
techniques which could be OF use in
Detroit
MR.. sCHERMER was appointed
10 the post OF director Of the Inter-
racial committee in March. l945,
following the resignation OF Harold
Thompson, who terminated his
service the month before.
A graduate OF the University OF
Chicago, Mr.. Schermer worked
with the Abraham Lincoln Social
Settlement for Interracial Com
munity work after his graduation.
He worked for three years with
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-06-02

the Chicago Housing Authority be-
fore coming to Detroit where he
served on the Detroit Housing com.
mission for three and one half
years. He leaves the Federal Pub
lie Housing Authority after serv-
ing for 10 months.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-06-02
Publishers
Continued from Page I,

iContinued from Page IL
ment powers an administration
measure;
q That he direct the Attorney
General 10 use the powers OF his
Office 10 carry out 10 It's full force
the decisions OF the Supreme Court
in the Texas Primary case, affect
ing the rights of citizens 10 partlci-
pate in all primary elections:
}. That he appoint Negro as an
assistant administrator in the Vet
Grams Administration to aid IN see
!ng that all veterans. without re-
from the provisions OF the CT bill
and other legislation;
4. That he give full support TO
the federal snti-poll tax bill.
THE PUBLISHERS reported that
the President received their state
ment with interest and cordially
but made no commitments -
In their conference with Gen
Hines. the group stressed the need
for closer attention 10 the problems
facing the Negro veteran in order
10 avoid the determinations and
denials he suffered after the last
World War. They expressed their
opposition 10 the establishment OF
additional jlm-crow veterans hos
pi,al facilities az that at Tuskegee.
They recommended the appoint
ment OF Negro in an administra-
tive and advisory capacity.
The conference with Rep. Martin
was concerning the pending legisla-
tion for q permanent FEPC and
federal abolition OF the poll tax. On
both these measures Rep Martin
assured the group that they had h s
own support and that Of majority
OF he Republicans an the House OF
Representatives
In It's executive sessions. the
NNPA discussed aud acted on mat
tiers affecting the operation OF itS
Washington News Bureau and It's
-Hitlitaty-eeFFespoRJeAtS-posl-,a4 a
other internal matters.
The regular convention Of the
NNPA H. scheduled for New York
City OH July 70. q and 20.
AMONG THOSE attending the
executive committee sessions were
John II. Sensstacke, president OF
the NNPA. and Charles Browning.
OF the Chicago Defender. Howard
H. Murphy and Carl Murphy OF
the Afro-American Newspapers
Alexander Barnes OF the Washing.
ton Tribune. Frank |. Stanley sf
the Louisville Defender, Garter
Wesley OF the Houston lnformcr
chain. Mrs. Robert l.. Vsnn and Ira
Lewis OF the Pittsburgh Courer.
J. +. Mitchell OF the s. LOUIS
Argus Cecil Newman Of the Mn
nespolis Spokesman william O.
walker Of the Cleveland Call-PoH
Louis E. Martin Of the Mich. gan
Chronicle. Dowdal Davis of The
ksRsss City Call. and Thomas "
Young " the Norfolk journal and
Guide.