Evening star., 1945-03-06
Hemisphere Security
Plan Seen as Guide
For World System
BY GARNETT d. HORNER,
Star Stan Correspondent.

otAf Stau correspondent.
MEXICO CITY, Mar. .6.-The In
ter-American Conference here has
established a pattern for a regional
security system that will strengthen
development of the projected world
peace organization, delegates gen.
orally believed today.
Sharing this belief were Chairman
Connally of the Senate Foreign Re-
lations Committee, Secretary of
State Stettinius and his advisers
most closely associated with the
Dumbarton Oaks proposals, as well
as numerous Latin American repre-
sentatives.
A common desire to improve the
inter-American system of political,
economic and military collaboration
in the world system in a way that
will give the most effective bases
for maintaining permanent peace
was manifest despite some differ
ences of approach. These differ
ences principally concern the degree
of independence of action in dealing
with threats to security within the
Western Hemisphere that should be
left to the American republics when
| the world organization is estab-
| lished.
Dumbarton Plan Cited.
Under the Dumbarton Oaks pro-
posals, which will be the basis for
discussion at the United Nations
Conference in San Francisco to set
up the international system for
maintaining peace, regional organ
izatlon could not take any enforce
ment action such as applying eco
nomic sanctions or using force jointly
against an aggressor without au-
! thority of the proposed world Sc
curity council, Mr.. Stettinius told
the conference yesterday.
The Act of Chapultepec, provid-
ing for joint measures ranging from
recall of ambassadors to military
action to prevent or repel aggression
against any of the cooperating
American republics. was approved
here with a provision that steps |
taken under it should conform with
the principles of the world organ
iZation.
Thus there is no conflict between
the Immediately operative regional
security system set up here and the
as yet uniformed United Nations
council. A possibility of conflict
with the aims of those planning the
world system is recognized should
there develop a demand for the
American republics to retain the
right to undertake enforcement ac-
ton without reference to the pro-
jected security council where it
could be blocked by vote of one of
the permanent members under the |
proposed voting arrangements.
Cooperation Stressed.
1t is generally recognized, how
ever, that enforcement action short |
of the use of force-ecenomic sane
tions. for example-could not be
applied effectively as a practical
matter without cooperation of the
great powers in most conceivable
cases. In any case Of actual aggres-
sion, such as invasion of one of the
Americas from within or without |
the hemisphere, it is argued that |
the unquestioned right of national
self-defense would permit any i'm
mediate action considered necessary
by the victim country and her
neighbors without reference to the
security council.
Perhaps the most important fac
tor in an apparent determination of |
the American republics represented
here to coordinate their inter-
American system effectively with the
projected world peace organizat alton
is the knowledge that universal CO.
operation is essential to their |
security.
DR.. c. PARA Perez. Venezuelan
Foreign Minister, presented to a
Conference Committee yesterday q
report outlining notifications sug-
gested by some of the Latin Amer
lean governments in the Dumbarton
Oaks plan, with the observation that
they demonstrated general convic-
ton OF the Americas that only by
means of the concerted action of all
peace-loving nations can the ideals
which inspire the inter-American
system be realized"
Our republics deem that the
inter-American system may be in
tegrated in harmonious fashion
within the world machinery" the
report said.
Stettinius Welcomes Views.
Secretary Stettinius welcomed the
Latin American views concerning
Dumbarton Oaks as assisting great
ly in expediting our consideration of
the great problems which we all |
must think through" and declared:
I'VE are all going on to the next
step immensely fortified in our de-
to achieve the creation
OF world organization"
Among the suggestions indorsed
in resolution yesterday for consid-
GRAFTON of the other United Nations
invited to the San Francisco Con-
ference is "the desirability of pref
erably solving controversies and
questions of an inter-American
character in accordance with inter-
methods and procedures.
Those most familiar with the
Oaks nronOsa1c cold tbj.