davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
vanguardsof of N ation aIisis Reach Mukden

CHUNGKING, Dec. 7-Nationalist vanguards have reached the out skirts of Mukden, and are ex- pected to enter that vital Man churian industrial city before Dec. 10, Chinese dispatches reported to- day.
 The Nationalists lost less than 100 men to the light Communist resistance on their 200-mile sweep northward along the Peiping- Mukden Railroad, the dispatches stated
 Tn China proper. Nationalists and Communists were reported fighting south of Kupehkow, one of the main passes leading to Jehol Prov ince.
 The Chinese press predicted that the civil administration of Man churia would be taken over from the Russians next week.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
Gam p Conditions Are Found Due 10 Inmates Themselves
By DON DOANE

LANDSBERG, Germany, Dec. r. Blame for unsanitary conditions found at the displaced persons camp here has been laid almost equally to the inmates themselves and UNRRA authorities by an in- spection group of four high Ameri- can officials.
 The group, headed by It. Gen. Walter Bedell Smith. U. s. Army Chief of Staff in the European theater, found 6,200 homeless Jews living in quarters designed for 4,20O, with sanitary conditions so bad that Smith told A. A. Glass; gold, the UNRRA camp director, T would be ashamed"
 Smith had just inspected bar racks where human excrement filtered some of the rooms.
 The investigation grew out of charges by Lee Sorle, the camps welfare officer, that the inmates were underfed, ill-clothed, over crowded in unfit quarters and menaced by the threat of dis astrous epidemic"
 Smith told the inmates that the Army would seek additional hous- ing to ease the oyer-crowding.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
ansfer for Adm. 5pruante

WASHINGTON, Dec. 7--The Navy revealed today that Admiral Ray mond A, Spruance, now Com mander- in- Chief of the Fleet, would be transferred soon to command of the Naval War College at Newport, Rhode Island.
 Secy. Forrestal recently disclos- ed plans to name Admiral John H. Towers, now commander of the Eff tn Fleet, to succeed Admiral Spru- ance eventually" as Pacific Fleet commander.
 Navy officials said no specific date had been set for the change.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
Woman Captured By Japs at Atiu Gets Back Pay

WASHINGTON, Dec. Mrs. Etta Jones, described by the Interior De- partment as the only white woman known to have been captured by the enemy on American soil in World War II, has collected her back pay.
 The check for $7,37421 was given by Secretary Ickes to the 62-year- old Indian Office teacher who was serving on the islands of Attu when the Japanese landed there.
 Mrs. Jones and her husband, c. Foster Jones, who radioed weather reports to Dutch Harbor from Attu, both were captured. MT. Jones has not been seen since.
 Mrs. Jones spent more than Is years in Alaska as an Indian teach CT. She will be retired at the end of the year, and plans to make her home at Atlantic City, N J.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
REDUCTIONS AT BAND0ENG

BATAVIA, Java, Dec. British authorities said today 140 Euro peans, Dutch and Eurasians living in the Indonesian-held southern section of Bandoeng had been ab- ducted in the last few days, while 500 other refugees were escorted out to safety by Indian troops.
 RAF Thunderbolts planted 5000 pounds of bombs on lakeside gun positions of Indonesian troops near Ambarawa which had been inter- fering with the evacuation of AL lied prisoners of war and in- ternees at that city in central Java 20 miles south of Semarang.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
SEARCH FOR
 PLANE NEAR
 5ITkA OFF
Parties Are Stalled by Five 10 Six Feet of SnoW-
 Await Aerial Evidence

SITKA, Alaska, Dec. 7.-Search- ing parties, stalled by five to six feet of snow in the Baranof Island hills, returned to Sitka late yester- day and abandoned the land search for Navy Privateer plane missing with 25 aboard.
 Leaders of the parties said they would wait until aerial search turn ed up evidence which could be in- vestigated. Smoke was reported seen over the island wilderness on Nov. 30, after the plane left Kodiak en- route for Seattle.
 The aerial search has been car ried on throughout the 1000 miles between Seattle and Kodiak and all ships at sea have been cooperating.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
FISH OR CUT BAIT IS DEMAND MADE
 ON REPUBLICANS

CHICAGO, Dec. 7-Gov. Dwight H. Green of Illinois charged before the Republican National Committee today that the Truman admins tration had suffered the most humiliating defeat in history by losing every skirmish" on the in- ternational diplomatic front
 In vigorous prepared address possibly presaging his candidacy for COP Presidential nomination in 1948, the Illinois governor as- serted that i've have been told that we should not raise our voice against the rape of Java by the British and Dutch for fear of of- lending some voters"
 We have been told" he said, i've must not even protest against the shameful betrayal of Poland for fear of offending Russia s following over here"
 The Republicans must make up their minds in the first peacetime meeting of the National Committee in four years, he declared, whether they are going to fish or cut bait.
 The Illinois governors aggres- sive speech came as surprise to most of the Republican Commit tee members, who had gathered here to approve what most of them regarded as a generalized state ment of policies issued by their colleagues of the House and Sen- ate and to hear report by Her bert Brownell, National Committee Chairman.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
The W ashington Merry Go Round
By DREW PEARSON

WASHINGTON = New Senaor William Knowland of California is staunch Republican. Stuart Symington, Surplus War Property Administrator, is a Democrat. But they seem to have something in common when it comes to helping solve the tangled labor situation.
 At any rate, Symington tele- phoned Senator Knowland the other day to congratulate him on his recently announced plan for labor to share in company profits.
 Its great idea" the Surplus Property Administrator told the Senator from California. T know. I tried it in St. Louis. T know worked"
 What Symington put across in St. Louis was an experiment which the Labor Management Conference could well have studied. He had a bad strike in his Emerson Electric plant, led by a union leader who frankly admitted he was Com munist.
 Finally. Symington proposed profit-sharing At first labor was suspicious. So were the stock holders and directors. But Syming- ton persevered. Finally they agreed to a plan whereby profits at the end of the year were divided, partly on the basis of seniority partly on the basis of skill and importance of work.
 First year the profits were only $13,000, but last year they totalled $2,O0O,0O0, a lush melon to divide up among employees. The latter are now 100 per cent sold on the idea and so are the stockholders. The workers worked harder, profits are larger, and stockholders got a bigger dividend check.
 Labor got 30 per cent of every nickel we made in 1914" says Sym- ington, "and a system like that is
 i
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
More Arbitration
 Sought in Seattle
 Newspaper Strike

SEATTLE, Dec. 7-Publishers of Seattle's three major daily news papers, closed by composing room strikes, were revealed today to have withdrawn their wage offers We'd nesday after rejection by the printers. The publishers letter to the Typographical Union renewed the publishers willingness to arbi- trate differences and said that their representatives were ready to meet union representatives to con- tinue negotiations for new con- tract.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
Navy Opposed
 Pearl Harbor Day Warnings
Gen. Marsh all Reveals Events Just Prior 10
 Japanese Attack

WASHINGTON, Dec. 2 The Pearl Harbor Investigating Con- mittee has heard from Gen. George c. Marshall more details of events preceding the Japanese attack four years ago today.
 Gen. Marshall told of his con- versations with Admiral Harold L.. Stark on the morning of Dec. T, a few hours before the Japanese struck.
 Marshall said that at first Ad- miral Stark, then chief of naval operations, thought warnings to Pa cific commanders that day would confuse them.
 Gen, Marshall said that inter cepted Japanese messages con vinced him that something was brewing, that the Japanese might strike that very day. He said he insisted that he was going to send warning messages to Army com manders in the Pacific. Then, said Marshall, Admiral Stark consented and asked that the Army warnings be amended so that naval officers at Pacific bases would be advised.
 Earlier testimony showed that the warnings were sent by commercial cable and did not reach the com- manders at Pearl Harbor until after the attack
 Appeal To Dewey
 Gen. Marshall also related today a su cessful appeal to Thomas E.. Dewey to head off Pearl Harbor talk in his 1944 presidential campaign lest the Axis learn the Army had broken Japan's secret codes.
 Two letters from the wartime Chief of Staff to the New York governor went into the record of the Pearl Harbor Investigating commit tee after a secret committee session. Marshall had opposed publication on the ground of military security.
 Not only did Dewey accede to his request during the political cam paign, Marshall said, but after the campaign he offered to use his in- tluence to still agitation in con- gress for a wartime investigation of the Japanese attack.
 T told Bissell (Maj Gen. Clayton Bissell, Chief of Army Intelligence) to tell him that I had already en- barrassed him enough and would make no further request of him" Marshall told the investigators.
 The five-star general said he sent an officer to Dewey to explain the situation relating to Pearl Harbor and the codes without the know ledge of President Roosevelt.
 T think he died without knowing it" he said.
 Asked how he happened to appeal to Dewey. Marshall related:
 Tt was reported to me by the Chief of Army Intelligence that ref erences to Pearl Harbor in Con- gress and in the campaign were in- evitably leading to where other governments would conclude that we had means they did not know to break their codes"
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
JAPANESE WAR
 CRIMES TRIALS
 START, JANUARY
Tojo, Pearl Harbor Cabinet
 Members Will Be First Defendants Tried
By MERLIN SPENCER

TOKYO, Dec. 7-Chief Prosecutor Joseph B. Keenan announced to- day that the first war crimes trials in Japan tentatively were scheduled for January-with Warlord Hideki Tojo and his Pearl Harbor cabinet leading the parade of defendants.
 "The accused will be presumed innocent until proved guilty, Keenan, Gen. MacArthur's special staff counsel, told a news con- ference. But he added that,
 Japanese war criminals must be punished and humiliated so that they will go down in history as ordinary felons of the lowest type"
 He declined comment on the Allied attitude toward Emperor Hirohito.
 The death penalty will be asked at the trials, he indicated.
 Tried In Groups
 He said he found President Tru- man and Gen. MacArthur to be in accord on questions affecting trial procedure and on the re- ouirement that trials be concluded as rapidly as possible.
 Like their German counterparts, Japanese war crimes suspects will be tried in groups.
 Even before Nippon could re- cover from the shock of the Mac Arthur order for the arrest of Marquis Koichi Kido, who was Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal and Hirohito's closest adviser, Prince Fuimaro Konlye and seven others. there came two more explosive de- velopments:
 Edwin " Pauley, U. s. Repa rations Commissioner, recommended confiscation of all Japanese assets abroad, including those of the Emperor; removal from the coun- try of the industrial potentials of the. Zaibatsu family monopoly and huge slashes in shipbuilding. steel production and generation of electric power
 2-MacArthur ordered the re- moval from Japan of every mineral resource which might permit de- velopment of the atomic bomb.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
(AMASHlTA FOUND GUILTY OF CRIMES
Sneak Raid oi japs 0npearI Harbor Was
 Tragedy 4 Years Ago

U. S. warships lying at anchor in the peace of balmy Sunday morning, and to spread death and destruction.
 Out of that wreckage grew the power which drove the Japanese into defeat, and today the people of Hawaii gave thanks and honored those whose deaths have been avenged
 Virtually the only reminders to- day of the disaster that struck Dec. T, 1941. were the rusting. bar nacled sections of unsalvaged ships in the harbor, and the rows of crosses gleaming white against the green hillside rising above the placid waters of the harbor.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
By DON WHITEHEAD

PEARL HARBOR, Dec. = Four years ago the watery, chaotic graveyard of Americas battle fleet; today the home base of the mightiest sea power in the world.
 That is the story of Pearl Harbor on this fourth anniversary of the Japanese bid to sweep the United States from the Pacific. And soldiers, sailors, marines and civili- ans joined today in solemn tribute to those who died beneath the Japanese warlords' first blow.
 Four years ago. Japans sneak raiders knifed in from the sea and across oahu Islands towering Koolau Mountains to smash the
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
ONE TOP JAP CRIMINAL TO DIE, GALLONS
Permitted Series of Afroci- flies, High Crimes
 Verdict Read
By DEAN sCHEDLER

MANILA, Dec. 7-Lt. Gen. Tomo- yuki Yamashita has date with the hangman.
 A five-general military cominis- sion today convicted the former Japanese commander of the Philip pines of having permitted "a series of atrocities and high crimes by Japanese armed forces under your command and passed the death sentence.
 Those brutalities ''were not spo- radio incidents. but were cften methodically supervised by Japa- nese officers and non-commissioned officers" Maj Gen. Russell B. Rey- holds, president of the commlssion stated as he read the verdict
 Yamashita thus became the first top war criminal sof the Pacific to be convicted and sentenced
 Had Fair Trial
 Before hearing the verdict, the stocky defendant stood. visibly nervous, while an interpreter read this statement to the court:
 T wish to stand here today with a clear conscience and swear to God I am innocent of these charges. wish to take this oppor- tunity to express gratitude to the United States officers of the de- fense, brilliant and upright officers. I want to thank the commission for a fair trialrs 'ffSs1vs
 As the interpreter spoke, Yama- shita nervously removed his wrist watch, wound it fumblingly.
 When the commission was ready to pronounce sentence, the three star general was led before the bench with his chief councel. Col. Harry k. Clarke.
 Verdict Is Read
 Reynolds intoned
 This commission finds that series of atrocities and high crimes were committed by Japanese armed forces under your command against nationals of the United States and its Allies and dependencies. that these were not sporadic incidents, but were often methodically super vised by Japanese officers and non- commissioned officers.
 During the period in question you failed to provide effective con- trol of your troops as required by the circumstances. Accordingly. on secret ballot. two-thirds or more of this commission concurring, this commission finds you guilty as charged and sentences you to death by hanging"
 Yamashita's shoulders sagged as he heard the sentence, but he strengthened quickly and made a curt bow to the commission. He quickly was led by military police from the courtroom back to his cell in old Bilibid Prison.
 Yamashita, who already has lost an appeal to the Philippines su- preme court to take jurisdiction of his case and free him from the military trial, still has an appeal to the United States Supreme Court pending and at least three additional appeals to make.
 Defense counsel has indicated it will take full advantage of every possibility because the Yamashita case is precedent-setting in inter national laws.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
DIVORCE FILED

Ingvald Andersen, Douglas. has filed an action with the Clerk of the U. s. District Court here, seeking a divorce from Anna May Andersen. He alleges cruelty. per- sonal indignities and incompati- bility as causes of action. There is neither children nor property in- volved.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
STORY HOUR AT LIBRARY

The regular weekly Story Hour for children will be held at the Juneau Public Library tomorrow morning. starting at the usual hour of 1O:l5 o'clock, and all children from kindergarten age through the sixth grade are invited to attend.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
HERE FROM THE STATES

Gastineau registrants arriving from the States yesterday include Dot L. Stevens, Humbird. Wis; MT. and Mrs. J. G. Husted, Great Falls, Mont; D. L. Trackwell, Longview, Wash, and Mrs. Sherry Wood, Los Angeles, Calf
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
INVASION PLANS
 OF GERMANY WERE
 DELAYED, WEATHER
Strike at Low Countries, Other Moves Told at
 Nuremberg Trial
By DANIEL DE LUCE

NUREMBERG, Dec. ' Hitler's armies were poised for the inva- sion of the Low Countries and France Nov. 2, 1889, but the at tack was postponed week by week for six months because of bad weather, official German records disclosed at the war crimes trial here today.
 While the rest of the world spoke sarcastically of "phony war" the German military machine was ready and waiting only for favor able weather" according to records introduced before the international Military Tribunal.
 British prosecutors turned most of their evidence against the Ger man military and naval leaders among the 20 top-ranking Hitler ties accused of war crimes, point ing out their part in plans for the crushing invasion while Hitler de- ceitfully told Holland Belgium and Luxembourg that he had no plans to attack them.
 The Fifth Column conquest of Norway and Denmark was only a prelude to the invasion a month later of the Low Countries, the evidence showed.
 Carried British Flags
 Prosecutors intrpduced German naval orders revealing that Ger man war ships and camouflaged troop sports carried British flags and signals to screen the at tack on Norway and Denmark.
 Hitler signed his directive for attack 'as soon as possible" on the Low Countries on Oct. g, 1939-five weeks after the invasion of Poland, it was disclosed.
 Another surprise was the dis closure by the prosecution that a large portion of the German air forces plans for parachute troop operations during the lowlands in- vasion fell into Allied hands on Jan. 10. l940-just four months before the Nazis actually jumped off. The plans were found in a German plane which crashed in Belgium.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07
R. HEDLAND HERE

R. Hedland of Ketchikan has ar rived in Juneau. He is registered at the Baranof.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07

MT. and Mrs. J. G. Husted of Wrangell are guests at the Gasti- neau Hotel. f1xEX
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-07

tContinued on Page Foar).
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24

GIVE TO THE RED CROSS!
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
PREPARE RADIO BROADCAST
FOR NATIONAL NEGRO
HEALTH WEEK. APRIL Is

The United States Public Health
Service has prepared a Is minute
recorded radio broadcast for the
.hir+y-first annual observance OF
fhe National Negro Health Week.
Anril l to 81 This recording is
professionally produced. Copies OF
the record are available to local ra-
do stations and State and local
health departments.
The recording features timely
talks on the theme of the Health
Week. "A Healthy Family in a
Healthy Home" and music py
prominent Negro artists. n
phase Of the subject chosen FOR
is the Negro nurse and
her relation to the health of the
homes Of the community.
You are asked to request the
state or LEGAL health department
and the local radio stations to OBJ
tain one of these records from the
public Health Service and to sched-
,,Ie it for release during the Health
week period. preferably n d
Anril 1. or as early in the week as
possible.
publicity should be given HI dat
as and purpose Of this radio pro
am Homes and assemblies OF
various kinds-schools, churches.
indu<t rial plants, and recreation
cent. rs-saolId be encouraged te
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
Read What Other S0y About 1t

educational and political efforts will
undoubtedly increase and expand.
Anyone who wishes to obtain an ac-
curate account Of PAC's detectives
and methods should read THE
FIRST ROUND. 1t contains good
food for deep thinking on our polit-
ical future.
SIDNEY HILLMAN, Chairman
Go Political Action Committee.
THE FIRST ROUND belongs on
the desk Of every labor leader and
every citizen interested in the polit-
ical life of America. Here is a hot
off the press account Of how Amer
lean labor has put on its political
long pants. Read THE FIRST
ROUND and you'll understand and
help win the second round
". J. THOMAS, President.
United Automobile Workers of
america.
| liked Mr.. Gaer's book very
much and think everyone with an in
terest in the labor movement and in
politics will want to keep a copy of
The First Round in their library.
ELEANOR ROOSEVELT.
THE FIRST ROUND is the au-
th~oritative, inside story of the be-
ginning of an epoch in American
Labor history. | comend it heartily
to the attention of workers, public
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
CAR CLEANERS RALLY
| TO PORTERS' BROTHERHHOOD

New York, March 12-Following
a trip through the Middlewest and
Southeast, A. Philip Randolph, In
ternational President Of the Bro
therhood of Sleeping Car Porters,
and Bonnie Smith, Second Interna-
tional Vice President, reported that
in the cities they visited. icluding
Detroit, Indianapolis, Columbus,
Cincinnati, Nashville and Chattan-
ooga, the Pullman Car Cleaners
and Yard Forces were rallying to
the banner of the Brotherhood, in
the campaign to organize these
classes of workers. A series Of
meetings for the Pullman Ca
Cleaners and Yard Forces are now
being held from coas to coast by
the Brotherhood, stated Mr.. Rard
olph.
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24

officials, students, and that cynical
band Of scoffers who only a few
months ago were saying, 1T can't
be done" PAC did it and here's
the how and the why.
EMILE RIEVE, President Tear
tic WORKERS Union of America.
THE FIRST ROUND is a live
", penetrating analysis Of the issu-
Is that fac America and the PACs
answers to them. | recommend il
heartily to all who want to know
what the PAC is and what it stands
for.
GRANT w. OAKES, President.
United Farm Equipment and
Metal Workers.
THE FIRST ROUND serves as
a splendid reference volume on the
history and activities Of PAC. II
should be read by everyone
LEWIS ALAN BERNIE, President
Federation Of Archaects, Engin-
GERS, Chemists and Technicions.
This is the story of the political
punch packed BY labor in 1914. It
sets the record straight-simply.
fo%rcefully, honestly. No student Of
American politics can afford to mis-,
It. No friend Of labor will want 70.
DR. FRANK KINGDOM,
Author and Radio Commentator
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24

COMMENTS ON THE FIRST
POUNDr BY Joseph Gaer
THE FIRST ROUND is an III
common book for the Comman Man.
It tells clearly and forcefully what
PAC is about and why PAC is here
TO stay. The PAC program is one
designed to safeguard our democracy
Why this program looks to the well
fare of all our people is lucidly IN
derlined in this work-'must' read
ing for every student Of Americas
dynamic institutions.
Vice President HENRY 4.
WALLACE.
Every labor leader, as, i'll fact, ev-
cry forward-looking citizen interest
ed in political action as a rampant d
gainst reaction, should read THE
FIRST DOUND. 1t is both a splen
did record of what the CLIO Polite
al Action Committee has accomp-
lished to date, and a primer on the
important educational approaches
leading to political action. l heartily
recommend this book for you.
PHILIP MURRAY. President
Congress of Industrial
Organizations.
PAC is here to stay. 1t has al
ready demonstrated its usefulness in
our struggle to preserve and to
strengthen our democracy. PAC's
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
NRSEs FOR ARMY, NAVY

The American Red Cross between
January, 1941 and December 1914,
has recruited 1921 trained regis
tered nurses for the Army and Navy
That is one reason why American
soldiers and sailors are receiving
the best medical care in the world.