davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-11-09

The problems which wrecked the Lon
don Conference OF Foreign Ministers
are still unsolved, although 1t is ad-
mitted by all the nations concerned that
unless something is done to break the
deadlock the United Nations Security
Organization will get off to bad start.
President Truman, the State Depart
ment and the British government have
made many approaches and new sug-
gestions to Moscow. Receipt of the sug-
gestions has been acknowledged in cour-
teous terms, but no counterproposal
have come from Moscow in recent weeks.
The conversations regarding the world
peace structure, without which the UNO
cannot become effective, are static de-
spite the repeated efforts to break the
deadlock.
Russia's negative attitude Is consid-
cred in high quarters here as additional
indication OF Premier Stains physical
inability to deal with major problems at
this time. Past experience with the
Russians has shown us that whenever
any impasse was reached and the ques-
tion was placed before Stain, he imme-
diately submitted some sort OF counter
proposal.
Inc washington policy-framers, who
for diplomatic reasons never go on
record on such delicate matters, be-
lieve that there must be conditions
other than political which have brought
about the present stagnant situation. 1t
Is known that so long as Premier Stain
is alive no other man in Russia will dare
assume the responsibility of formulating
new policies. Foreign Commissar Molo-
tovs innocuous speech of last Tuesday,
dealing only with generalities, confirms
this theory.
The entire situation is expected to be
canvassed by President Truman and
Prime Minister Attlee, who is expected
to arrive in Washington Saturday. OFF,
cially, the question of the atomic bomb
Is the main concern of the British leader.
But it is pointed out in well-informed
quarters that the entire problem of
atomic energy does not warrant a trip
to Washington by the head of the
British government at time when his
presence might be required in London
to deal with internal and external prob
lens which require immediate attention.
When Mr.. Attlee decided to come to
Evening star., 1945-11-09
The Straits Issue

II acceptable to Turkey and Rus
sia, the United States proposal for
revision of the Montreux Convention
should serve to eliminate the Dar-
danelleS as a source of friction and
potential crisis among the so-called
Black Sea powers. particularly be-
tween the Turks and the Russians.
The tabled straits are the stra-
tegic link between the Black Sea and
the Mediterranean. but in time of
war, when neutral, or when it con-
siders itself in danger, Turkey, under
the Montreux Convention, can close
them to the warships of all bellig-
erents and restrict the passage of
merchant vessels. 1t is known that
Russia strongly objects to this ar
rangement, and some time ago, as if
to give stern emphasis to it's atti-
tude, it denounced its nonaggression
treaty with the Turks, whereupon
Moscow was reliably reported to
have begun demanding the right to
establish military bases in the Dar-
danelles.
AS set forth by Secretary of State
Byrnes-on the same day the Russo
Turkish treaty formally expired
the American proposal to Turkey
would call for four point revision
of the Montreux Convention. First,
the straits would be open to the
merchant vessels of all nations at
all times; second, they would be open
at all times, in war or peace, to the
warships of the Black Sea powers
Russia, Turkey, Bulgaria and Ro-
mania; third, they would be closed
at all times to the warships of every
other power, excepting limited ton
mage in peacetime or unless other
wise agreed to by the Black Sea
countries or authorized by the
United Nations Organization, and
fourth. there would be certain addi-
tional changes in the convention
chiefly technical ones-to bring it
more in line with the new conditions
obtaining in the world.
Such a proposal, if put into effect,
would give to the Black Sea powers
special privileges which they do not
now have and would deprive Turkey
of some of its present jurisdiction by
transferring q measure Of control
through point three-to the United
Nations Organization. At the same
Evening star., 1945-11-09
A Spotty Election
By Raym ond Moley

ably the most noteworthy event of the
day, gives to the Democrats, and that
includes Tammany, almost undisputed
control OF the city. The pressure on the
new Mayor for return to the good old
days will be immense.
There is a feeling, shared by many
New York Democrats, that Mr.. ODwyer,
while honest and conscientious, is not
sufficiently experienced or intellectually
qualified to stand firmly against the
reaction which may well set in. Serious
criticisms were made against him, and
despite his victory, these criticisms have
not been answered
When fully analyzed the returns will
not be encouraging to the CIO policy of
political action. In Detroit it threw in
everything It's candidate, Frankensteen
was personally more colorful and ag-
gressive than Jeffries, but the CIC did
better two years ago. In New York one
Of the two Labor wings made miser-
able showing. The other fell behind
expectations. In Syracuse labor sup
port was not available. Perhaps old
Samuel Gompers was right in saying
that labor can do better outside than
inside the political arena
(The Associated Newspapers Incl
Evening star., 1945-11-09

Democratic politicians in Washington
regard local elections in New York and
elsewhere as a ringing national victory.
But such an Interpretation may prove to
be a dangerous inducement to overcon-
fidence. For the results, in general, were
marked by apathy and confusion, rather
than a national Democratic drift.
1t can be successfully argued, however,
that the election showed great deal of
machine vitality in Northern cities. Bos-
ton took back its prodigal son, Jim Cur
ley Cleveland elected a Democratic
Mayor by big margin. Pittsburgh took
David Lawrence, State Democratic
dates did not do we'll in Jersey, but Mr..
Hague himself received big vote of
confidence in May. Machine regularity
was the order of the day.
1t was rumored that national Demo-
cratic headquarters were sympathetic to
Richard T. Frankensteen's run in De-
troit. But even that failed to elect him.
The sum total of the results means, If
1t means anything, that voters have
emerged SO recently from war psychol-
ogy that they are not interested in po-
litical decisions At such moment,
regularity prevails.
Such q state of mind will pass within
q few months, and discrimination and
interest will come back. By next year,
political thinking may we'll show differ
ent tendencies, and for that reason
President Truman and his party may
well avoid overconfidence now.
The New York result, which was prob.
Evening star., 1945-11-09
On the Record
By Dorothy THOMPSON

In 1888 Stain. In letter published
by Pravda and addressed to a young
party propagandist, Ivanov, quotes
Lenin's words: "The prolonged exist
ence of the Soviet Republic, side by side
with the imperialist states, is unthink-
able. Finally, either the one or the
other will be victorious. Until this hap
pens, a series Of terrible conflicts be-
tween the Soviet Republic and the
bourgeois states are unavoidable"
Molotoff's speech, on the 28th ami
versary of the Bolshevils coup d'etat, is,
in however guarded words, clear re-
affirmation of this revolutionary Marx
ian dogma Imperialist states are all
which are not true democracies.
THE Soviet Praesidium is strong in
It's kinship with the people. Unlike par
liamentary democracy. the democracy
of the Soviets is a true democracy of
the people"
No state which Is not true demo-
cracy can be trusted not to engage in
aggression. and their continued arma-
ment or rearmament must be suspected.
1T is beyond question that the in
terests Of lasting peace require peace
loving nations to have the necessary
force OF arms at their command
however, interests of safeguarding peace
have nothing In common with the policy
OF an ornaments race among the great
powers, such as is preached abroad by
some particularly Jealous advocates of
Imperialism. /" . The Soviet Union has
never joined groups of powers directed
against other peace-loving states. In
the west, however. attempts of this
kind have been made. - In any case
the history of blocs and groups of the
western powers indicates that they do
not tend to bride aggressors, but on the
contrary, to encourage aggression, par
ticularly on the part Of Germany"
IS
When speech is made by an Ameri-
can statesman it is subjected to critical
analysis. I see no reason why that of
Molotoff should not be approached in
the same manner. For this speech is
undoubtedly the most important docu-
ment that has come from the Soviet
Union since the conclusion Of hostilties.
The occasion is one which has always
been used by the Soviet for im-
portant pronouncements. The selection
| of Molotof to make the speech is, in
| itself, strikingly significant. It may be
that Stain is seriously i'll, as rumored
but there are other figures (and runners
up) in the Soviet Union. Nor was the
Soviet President, Kalinin selected.
| That the commissar for foreign af-
fairs spoke means that foreign policy Is
precedent to internal reconstruction.
| That this policy takes the form of a
challenge and opens political battle
| with the Western Allies Is clear. The
| speech, like all important Soviet declara-
tions, is carefully deliberate. yet calcu-
lated to soothe and warn at the same
| time.
There is nowhere the suggestion of a
reduction of Soviet ornaments. Refer
ences to the atomic bomb are assurances
that the Soviet will have it, and that it
has mot yet been tried for averting
aggression or safeguarding peace" 1t
is this statement which Immediately
| proceeds the passage quoted above.
That the Soviet Union has never
Joined groups of powers directed against
other peace-loving states" is hard to
reconcile with the Molotov- -Ribbentrop
Evening star., 1945-11-09
British FOREIGN Policy

The full-dress debate on foreign
affairs just concluded in the House
of Commons is noteworthy for sew
eral reasons. To begin with, it was
held just after the pronouncement
of Foreign Commissar Molotov in
Moscow and just prior to the de-
parture of Prime Minister Attlee for
his conference with President Tru-
man in Washington. AS might have
been expected from this conjunc-
ture, the debate hinged chiefly upon
Britain's relations with the Soviet
Union and the United States, with
the burning issue of the atomic
bomb as common background.
The most interesting aspect of the
proceedings is that it was not de
bate" in the ordinary sense of the
word. Far from differing, the spokes-
men of the Labor government and
the Conservative opposition were in
such complete agreement that a
prior understanding can be logi-
cally presupposed. Foreign Secretary
Ernest Bevin and Mr.. Winston
Churchill concurred not only in
principle but on virtually all details,
thus emphasizing the fact that,
while sharply divided on domestic
matters, Britain stands united in the
field of foreign policy.
The top priority was given to
Anglo American relations. Mr..
Churchill struck the keynote when
he stated: First of all we should
fortify in every way our special and
friendly connections with the United
States" And both he and Mr.. Bevin
indorsed in strikingly identical Ian
guage the twelve-point program of
foreign policy which President Tru-
man outlined in his Navy Day ad-
dress at New York City. This. of
course, included the Presidents
stand on the atomic bomb as
sacred trust" to be kept until the
United Nations Organization is fitted
to be the repository. Britain's politi-
cal spokesmen thus aligned them
selves with ours in denying Russian
wishes to share in the atomic secret.
Neither Bevin nor Churchill at
tempted to disguise their dissatisfac-
ton with aspects of Soviet foreign
policy, while hoping for the clearing
up of existing disagreements. Mr.
Bevin expressed frank resentment at
Russian demands for sphere of in
f1uence in the Mediterranean which
would straddle Britain's life line to
the Orient, together with Russian
efforts to block an understanding
with the nations of Western Europe
which Moscow brands as western
bloc" directed against the Soviet
Union. Such official statements in
dicate the depth of the rift which
today exists between British and
Soviet concepts of world affairs.
Since the rift is a stubborn fact, it
is probably better that it should be
frankly acknowledged rather than
CLOSED over in meaningless plati-
tudes which would tend to delude
public opinion as to current inter-
national realities.
Evening star., 1945-11-09
New Courts Building

The honorable justices OF the Dis
trict Court and the Court of Appeals
make persuasive advocates. A COM
mittee, of which Chief Justice D.
Lawrence Groner of the Court of
Appeals is chairman. has brought
about an agreement on the new
courts building which should expe-
dite congressional consideration and
prompt appropriation of the neces-
sary funds. Considering the number
of controversial subjects which
might be involved in locating and
constructing a building of the size
contemplated, the agreements al
ready reached indicate real progress.
The judges. of course, have a
strong argument to support their
case. They state very frankly that
overcrowding in the Federal courts
here actually hampers court business
and is growing steadily worse, so
that within a few years it is a aues-
ton whether the courts will be able
to meet their responsibilities. Some
court functions are impeded now by
a lack of personnel attributed solely
to the fact that room does not exist
nor can any be found for the neces-
sary staffs. Jurymen sit on the steps
and in the corridors, for lack of any
other place to wait. Conditions are
considered disgraceful, as far as
concerns desirable dignity of the
surroundings and atrocious as con-
Germs efficient operation.
There is an urgency in the con-
struction of new quarters, therefore,
which has played large part in the
selection of a site-the property at
Constitution avenue and c street,
used during the war as parking lot
for Capital Transit buses The site
previously designated is the present
location of the old Pension Office,
now occupied by the General Ac-
counting Office. The General Ac-
counting Office was to move to new
bNlIA441Ss "CAh Cil WllAtl1 WdS 4llGCl
rupted by the war. But the argu-
ment now is that construction of a
new courts building cannot wait for
the new General Accounting Office
and the possible demolition, later on,
of the Patent Office.
These facts have convinced the
Park and Planning Commission and
the Commissioners of the merits of
the judges plan. Valuation of the
property. owned by the District, has
been agreed on between local and
Federal appraisers. working inde-
pendently. The Districts share of
the cost, based generally on the local
service rendered by these Federal
courts is being negotiated now.
When the justices take their case to
Congress, they will be able to present
a united front, as far as the inter-
ested parties are concerned. The
plans for a $10,30O,Ooo building are
based not only on present needs but
on those anticipated in the next
TWENTY-FIVE wears mr. so
Evening star., 1945-11-09
Civil War in Chino

Although Chinese politics are
often not what they appear and
sometimes take surprising turns,
current events point ominously to
full-scale civil war between the
Communists and the Nationalist
Kuomintang government headed by
Generalissimo Chang Kai-shek.
The main battle-ground is logically
the group of northeastern provinces,
formerly under japanese occupa-
ton. The struggle here is compli-
Gated by the presence of some Co.
600 United States Marines, garrison
ing Peiping, Tientsin and other key
cities under an agreement with the
national government to facilitate
the surrender and evacuation of
Japanese troops. This has been
bitterly denounced by the Com
munists as intervention" and the
prompt removal of the American
detachments is demanded. The
State Department has announced
that it is planned to withdraw them.
At so crucial a moment it is we'll
to analyze the basic factors behind
the current situation, and on the
basis of such analysis to attempt
an evaluation of the deeper trends.
The first thing to understand is
that the present armed clash in
China is merely the latest stage of
a Kuonlintang- Communist struggle
which has been going on for the
past two decades. The japanese
invasion OF China merely banked
the fires of factional strife without
quenching them, and now that the
common japanese menace has been
removed the strife is being resumed.
7he main reason why the two
factions have been unable to COM
pose. their quarrel is that, in the
last analysis. both aim to control
the whole of China and guide its
national evolution. However, this
does not mean that the two should
be considered in terms of equality
by outsiders. Despite their best ef-
forts the Communists have never
been more than a local rebellious
opposition to central government
that has consistently controlled
most Of China and has been recog-
nized and dealt with as such by
nearly all foreign nations. America,
Evening star., 1945-11-09
Baltic 'Independence'

Foreign CommisSar Molotov, In
his October revolution anniversary
address, has indirectly reiterated
Russia's claim to the Baltic states,
his comment apparently being di-
rected to the recent refusal by
Justice Jackson to sign the four
power indictment of Nazi war
criminals without noting an excep-
tion to the Soviet claim to Latvia,
Estonia and Lithuania.
The indictment had referred to
the Baltic states as being Soviet
territory, and since this Government
still maintains diplomatic relations
with the representatives of the
regimes which governed those coun-
tries before the Russian occupation,
Mr.. Jackson signed the complaint
against the war criminals only after
making public letter of reservation
to the effect that his signature in
no way implied recognition of
Russia's Baltic claims.
In his address last Tuesday, how
ever, Mr.. Molotov said: THE inde-
pendence of Soviet Lithuania, Soviet
Latvia and Soviet Estonia has been
restored"
There was no mention OF Mr..
Jackson's letter nor of this Govern
ment's continued recognition of
regimes which have ceased to exist.
But the phraseology of Mr.. Molotov's
remark makes it clear enough that
such devices as letters of reservation
and diplomatic nonrecognition OF
seized territories are wasted on the
Soviet authorities.
The net result is to leave this
country in a somewhat ridiculous
position, and to raise a question as
to whether we should continue to
adhere to the fiction of Baltic in
dependence If there is nothing that
we can do or will do to revive that
independence.
Evening star., 1945-11-09

time, however, while guaranteeing to
the Russians right of passage that
can hardly be denied, 1t would give
them no bases In the Dardanelles
and would thus preserve the terri
torial integrity of the Turks.
According to current reports, Tur-
keys initial reaction to our proposal
has been favorable. If Russia re-
spends in similar fashion, the sit
uation in that part of the world will
be perceptibly brighter, and there
will be good reason to hope that the
delicate straits issue will lend itself
to a satisfactory settlement all
around
Evening star., 1945-11-09
Bonfire
By David Laurence

The sharp s,oeet smell of burning ledpe,
Gscends
IN azure drift OF smoke abeoe q
golden core OF flame:
TO bright-eyed children dancing In the
street
This is an old, an immemorial autuns
game.
To the white-haired man who pauses
there
Watching the fire and the bitter.
stDeet smoke, climb,
1t is more than IRE or game or scent OF
leaf;
1t Is remembrance OF another place
and time.
For there, IN young laughter and the
crdckle OF dead Ieapes,
Consumed in the stDift and copper.
crimson blaze,
Are more than the riches OF one seasons
boughs:
There burn all remembered sumn,ers
Of his days.
FREDERICK EBRIdHT.
Evening star., 1945-11-09
Not d Chonce

From the Omaha World Herald.
The first Of the new cars to roll Oh
the assembly line looks more solid and
formidable than ever. The pedestrian
cant win, Il be ever could.
Evening star., 1945-11-09
Old lmperioI Custom

From the Daily oklahoman.
No danger Of Hirohito ever acquiring
brain fag. Before the war, his cabinet
told him what 70 do. Now Macarthur
tails him.
Evening star., 1945-11-09

The number of servicemen asking
for divorces seems to suggest that
absence has a way Of making the
heart grow fonder for somebody else.
Evening star., 1945-11-09

In fact, there was even less waiting time
than If the pedestrians had waited for
crowded streetcars in which to stand
and be jostled.
wonder if the streetcar and bus COM
panies aren't little bit surprised at how
well the people have gotten along with
out their services. And it also leads one
to think that the same services could be
done away with entirely, if private auto
mobilists were given the opportunity of
picking up paying fares all the time,
providing they bought special insurance
to cover such protection as accidents
both to the cars and to the riders, and
displaying certificates to that effect on
their winshields. In that way taxicabs
also could be dispensed with.
MRS. M. K CRAWFORD.
To the Editor Of The Star:
7 notice that the average wage Of
the Capital Transit employees is more
than $500 per annum.
AS professor in local institution
Of higher learning" I would like to
voice my disgust at system which
allows these workers to strickland
enforce their demands on their en-
ployers, while those poor docile school
teachers who never raise voice in pro-
test or in demand for consideration are
left to work for much less amount
take my hat of to Andrew Higgins
whose action in New Orleans empha-
sizes the point that the employer still
has some rights. even II 1t is only the
one to close. JIM.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-02-08

testants will attempt to solve the
mystery for the grand prize of $101.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-02-08
Symphonies for Youth" will
Offer Marriage of Figaro

Music ranging from Mozart to
Shotakovich has been chosen by AL
fred Wallenstein for the seventh
concert in Mutual's symphonies for
Youth" series, featuring the Los
Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra on
Saturday, Feb. 10 (1:30 to 2:3O p. M,
EWT).
Leading off with Mozart's MAR
riage of Figaro" Overture, Wallen-
stein conducts his men in two move
ments of Donhanyi's F sharp minor
Suite before presenting the Polka
and Finale of Shostakovich's ballet
suite, "The Golden Age"
After youthful music lovers
chosen from the junior and senior
high schools participate in the inter
mission music quiz, Wallenstein re-
turns to lead the orchestra in the
rollicking "Rosenkavalier" Waltzes
of Richard Strauss, winding up the
varied program with the "Racoczy
March by Berlioz.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-02-08

| Afternoons
12:15-Songs by Morton Downey
1:00-Ray Dady
1:15-Luncheon With Lopez
1:30-Paula Stone
1:45-American Woman's Jury
2:0O-Cedric Foster
! 2:30-Never Too Old
3:15-Detective Mysteries
3:30-The Smooth1es
4:00-Women In the News
4:15-The Johnson Family
4:45-The Handy Man
5:15-Superman
5:45-Tom Mix
Nights
6:00-One Minute Prayer
6:01-News Headlines
6:05-Sports Parade
6:15-Faye and Pete
6:30-Candlelight and Silver
6:40-News
7:00-Fulton Lewis, Jr.
7:30-Old Corral (Mon. Wed, Fri. }
7:30-Arthur Hale (Tues., Thurs,
Sat.)
8:00-Cecil Brown (Mon., Wed,
Fri. only
8:O0-Frank Singiser (Tue., Thurs.
Sat. only
8:15-Curt Massey
8:3O-The Roy Rogers Show (Tues-
days only)
8:30-Fr dom of Opportunity
FRIDAYS only
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-02-08
Chicago Theater of Air"
Will Present "GOOd News"

Good News" popoular musical
comedy of the 1920s will be pre-
scented on the Saturday, February 10
Chicago Theater of the Air. Mutual
broadcast with Betty Mulliner, New
York soprano, singing the title role
of Connie Lane, college coed and
Bruce Foote, Chicago, in the part of
Tom Marlowe, college football hero.
Some of Ray Henderson's nostalgia
melodies of that era to be heard are
Lucky In Love-" Varsity Drag"
and "The Best Things In Life Are
Free" The Symphony orchestra and
chorus is under the direction of
Robert Trendler.