davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-01-15
Europe's Civilian Problem

The old adage that Satan always
finds some work for idle hands to do
aptly expresses one phase of the
problem arising in Europe's liberat-
ed lands which we Americans do not
sufficiently realize. To most of us,
the current plight of the populations
of those countries recently freed
from Axis domination is almost
wholly one of relief" in the usual
meaning of that word, which implies
the succoring of needy persons by
supplying the basic necessities of
human life-that is, food, clothing,
fuel and shelter. Poignant descrip-
tions of wholesale misery in France,
Belgium, Greece. Italy and elsewhere
have stressed the argument that, un-
less those people can be somehow
aided by relief supplies sent in from
abroad, the current winter is likely
to engender such acute suffering
from hunger, cold and disease that
social chaos may ensue, probably ex-
pressing itself in violent unrest or
downright revolutionary upheavals.
The logical conclusion from this line
of reasoning is that if a relatively
moderate amount of shipping space
can be diverted from military needs
to civilian relief, the problem can be
substantially solved.
However, we begin to learn that
the matter is not quite so simple as
that. In most of the liberated coun-
tries much of the population is ur-
ban, normally employed in industry
and associated pursuits. Under Axis
rule, those millions were afforded
jobs as part of it's autarchic "New
Order" But since liberation, for OBJ
vious reasons. the industrial life of
those countries has been profoundly
disrupted, and one of the prerequi-
sites to speedy restoration of any,
thing approaching normal is the
furnishing of raw materials and
manufacturing equipment from Al
lied sources. The social and psyche
logical dangers inherent in chronic
unemployment were brought home
to us during the depression years
here in America But that unem-
ployment was only partial and oc-
CURED against background of
peace and stability, whereas in lib
Grated Europe today it is often total
and coincident with the worst pos
sible conditions of every sort. The
deduction is, therefore, that merely
supplying a minimum OF individual
Evening star., 1945-01-15

GI Joes, fighting in Europe or in
the Philippines, will not be likely to
remember it, but Xenophon at
tributes to Socrates a definition
which conceivably might be of in
terest to them in years to come. 1t
reads: "a general must be skillful
in preparing the materials of war
and in supplying his soldiers; he
must be a man of mechanical in-
genuity, careful, persevering, saga
cious, kind and yet severe, open yet
crafty, careful of his own but ready
to steal from others, profuse yet
rapacious, cautious yet enterprising."
Evening star., 1945-01-15
Persian Gulf Command

Turkeys decision to open the Dar-
danelles to Allied shipping means
great simplification of the Russian
supply problem. At one time, except
for the dangerous and strictly linn
tied northern route to Murmansk,
the only way to get arms and other
equipment into the Soviet Union was
by sailing clear around the CONT
nent of Africa, up the Indian Ocean
to the Persian Gulf and thence, tor
turously, across Iran to the Caspian.
Later, after the Mediterranean had
been pretty well cleared of the Axis,
this line was considerably contracted
by passage through that sea into
Suez and then down the Red Sea
around Saudi Arabia to the Persian
Gulf.
Now, however, with Turkey per-
mitting transit through the Straits,
supplying the Russians becomes
relatively easy, with the line through
the Mediterranean and the Aegean
into the Black Sea being thousands
of miles shorter and leading to nu-
merouS convenient ports in Bulgaria,
Romania and Southwestern Russia
a fact that should be of enormous
help to the Red Army. Beyond that,
the change foreshadows the break
ing up, sooner or later, of our Per-
sian Gulf Command. In fact, with
the recent recall of it's chief, Gen.
eral Connolly, this fabulous Amer
lean project is reported to have al
ready begun liquidating itself, it's
major usefulness apparently having
come to an end.
But usefulness" is scarcely the
word to be used in connection with
it, for its operations since the dark
days of Stalingrad have been moth
ing less than epic in character and
scope, involving the delivery of
millions of tons of equipment-in-
cluding scores of thousands of We
hicleS-over one of the most primi-
tive and difficult regions on the face
OF the earth. The Russians would
probably be the first to say that
these supplies played q vital and
Evening star., 1945-01-15
New Secretary

The founder OF the Smithsonian
Institution was himself a scientist
OF distinction, and each of those
persons who have headed his estab-
lishment has been notably prepared
for the position. In the vision which
James Smithson developed for such
an enterprise there was genius and
his hope for the institution which
bears his name is set forth in the
motto For the increase and diff
fusion Of knowledge among men,"
But the sponsors purpose might
have been frustrated had his bene-
faction fallen into unworthy hands.
Fortunately, the first secretary was
Joseph Henry, famous among physi-
cists for his pioneer experiments
with electricity. Under his guild
ance the institution took shape" be-
tween 1846 and 1878. Then followed
Spencer Fullerton Baird, "the lead
ing authority on the natural history
of America; Samuel Pierpont Lang
ley, astronomer and an early pro-
ponent Of heavier-than-air flying;
Charles Doolittle Walcott, geologist
and paleontologist, celebrated espe-
cially for his studies of Cambrian
and -Cambrian formations, and
Charles Greeley Abbot, astrophysi-
cist, best known for his reports on
the phenomena of solar radiation.
The name now added to the list
of Smithsonian secretaries is that
of Alexander Wetmore, a biologist
whose particular interest has been
ornithology, but who also has served
in many other fields of inquiry and
discovery. He has been assistant
secretary since 1925 and is thor
oughly experienced in administra-
tive routine and policy. Even more
important, however, is the fact that
he is endowed with a creative imagi-
nation like Smithson's, seeing the
institution as it will be in the era
after the war, enlarged, provided
with badly needed improvements Of
plant and facilities, more generously
furnished with the financial re-
sources required for expansion, con-
sistently advancing human conquest
of circumstances day by day illimit-
ably. The staff of the Smithsonian
is to be congratulated on its new
director, and the public at large
also is to be felicitated on the choice
of so able and well-qualified an
officer.
Evening star., 1945-01-15

indispensable role in the battles
that finally sent the Nazis reeling in
retreat from the Soviet Union. More
often than not, the men in the Per-
sian Gulf Command may have found
their work indescribably dreary, but
they can have the satisfaction of
knowing that they have made
major and perhaps decisive con-
tribution to our common Allied
progress in the war. They will be
well and gratefully remembered not
only in our own history, but in
Russia's as well.
Evening star., 1945-01-15
Bargaining Breakdown

1AiC wal bdUOT bOaTQ decision
in the Federal Shipbuilding case
amounts to a candid acknowledge
ment that collective bargaining is
breaking down under the procedures
followed by the board.
This case, involving some $4,000
workers, was decided by the Ship
building Commission, which acts as
the agent of the board in the de-
termination of shipyard disputes In
the opinion, it was stated frankly
that the commission decided the
great number of issues presented
with reluctance and only because it
seemed certain that further nego-
tiations would be unfruitful."
What actually happened was that
the employer and the union made
no real effort to reach an agreement
through collective bargaining. The
union, according to the commission,
"scraped the bottom of the barrel"
and presented a multitude of de-
mands which it knew would never
be granted, but which, nevertheless,
were carried all the way to the
commission for final decision. The
employer, in his turn, refused to
concede anything, even rejecting de-
mands which were certain to be
granted by the commission.
This is deplorable state of affairs
and is not by any means confined to
shipyards. AS the commission sug-
gests, it has reduced collective bar
gaining IN many instances to the
status of time wasting formality-
a futile but necessary step in the
process of getting a dispute before
the board. The reasons for this are
fairly obvious. Union negotiators
know in advance that the Labor
Board will grant certain of their de-
mands. With respect to these, there
Is no give and take-the minimum
demands will be granted in any
event. Hence, there is a potent in
ducement for the union negotiators,
IN dealing with an employer, to
lump these minimums in with other
demands, ranging from the doubtful
to the fantastic, and to refuse to
yield on any of them: If worst comes
to worst, the case goes to the board,
with the union assured of winning
its minimum demands, and, pos
sibly, of picking up something more
here and there. Fully aware of this,
some employers refuse to grant
anything, being unwilling to con-
ceoe the just demands and then take
their chances before the board on
what they regard as unreasonable
demands.
AS result of this state of affairs,
the board is swamped with work,
much OF it involving disputes of a
minor nature which ought to be
settled easily through collective bar
gaining. But they will not be settled
through collective bargaining as
long as the board adheres to policies
which, in effect, serve notice to
union representatives that they have
everything to gain and nothing to
lose by carrying all of their demands
to the board for final decision.
Evening star., 1945-01-15
This and That
BIZ Charles Z. TrdceDell.

AttblN11ON, VA.
Dear Sir:
What can you do about backyard
Hitler mockingbird who won't let any
other birds feed at our feeding station
or even nibble crumbs of seeds from
the ground in the vicinity?
I'VE tried putting up another station
in nearby tree, but he only took
charge of that also.
I'VE were just beginning to enjoy the
station, identifying at least three or
four new birds who dropped by there,
but then Hitler took charge.
HE sits on nearby wire or roof
top and as soon as other birds timidly
approach the station or even the ground
around it he dive-bombs them away.
"Is there anything short of shooting
that can be done about it?
Sincerely, M. H. S."
Shooting, of course, is out of the ques-
ton, both because it Is not humane
and also because it Is against the law.
The practical solution, if there is one,
is to stop putting out all soft foods.
The mockingbird is soft-billed bird
and must have bread, doughnuts,
raisins, apples, ETC., in order to survive.
If such foods are not put out at all
this Hitler mockingbird will be forced
to go away to find something to his
liking.
A second feeding station usually is
not sufficient in itself to draw off such
a belligerent mocker.
1t Is necessary to stock this second
feeder with the things it likes. 1t helps
if this station is put on the other side of
the house.
Sometimes even these expedients fail.
Some of the male Knockers which remain
here all winter are past masters at
being pests.
If they lived in Hungary no doubt
they would live in the Pest section of
Budapest
Such Knockers, however, are not Hit
lers and do not deserve such hated
name.
Hitler is paranoiac personality, the
doctors tell us, but no mockingbird Is
that-a few specimens are simple dogs
in the manger, that is all. They like
to poster other birds and especially to
drive them away from food.
just what may be done with such a
y. SIlOIG VI QcI, lS QucStlOIl.
X X X
This display of spleen on the part of
some individual mockingbird is prob
ably no more than continuance of its
summertime manners.
Perhaps there are few birds which
cannot forget the nest.
In summer they showed great cour-
age and persistence in driving away all
comers, even human beings
Now, In the depth of winter, some
aspects of that intelligence still re-
mains with them. It must be remem-
bered that birds have keen intelligence.
While they seem to be feathered auto
nations, actually they are high in the
scale Of life, and through their great
powers of sight and hearing, combined
with quick decisions based on such
findings, they manage to survive.
The mocker which carries it's hot
weather belligerency into the cold
months is simply holding fast to actions
which have stood it in good stead in
the past.
The wonder is that they all do not
act in this way
If neighbor down the block could
be prevailed on to put out bread, a
pestiferous mockingbird probably would
leave for what would seem to him a
better feeding ground.
It is an odd thing that birds have
very little sense Of smell They must
see food to find 1t, but their extraor-
dinary eyesight is SO powerful that they
have little dtmculty In doing this.
Evening star., 1945-01-15

relief" will not suffice to allay the
trend toward revolutionary unrest;
that jobs as well as rations are
needed to hold the line against in
cipient chaos. That spells further
call on shipping space desperately
required for military purposes.
Whether proper ALLEGATION is possible
just now is a moot point. Yet the
matter should be given It's due place
in overall planning.
Evening star., 1945-01-15

The mystery of how Goebbels pre-
pares copy for his dupes is now re-
vealed. He does it with a typewriter.
Evening star., 1945-01-15

To the Editor Of The Star:
Did not Herod some 1000 years ago
complain of another "Star in the East?
They say, people, who want to know,
read The Start" There you have it,
sure enough. :.
AS the most influential paper IN the
world capital that Is today the very
hub on which the world revolves, surely
Pravda would not be expecting 1T to
be advocating things of the devil and at
Christmas time!
A more sane and enlightened edi-
torial have not read in many day
than yours of December 26. It was well
worth keeping, but I am glad to say that
the copies of it which ! bought, I gave
to friends, in conformity with the
Christmas spirit. However, shall make
haste to get another copy. j. A. G.
Attention: Capital Transit Co.
To the Editor of The Star:
I wonder how many readers of The
Star agree with me that too many
Catholic University buses travel the
entire line practically empty most of
the time and that there are often as
many as three times the number of
Catholic University buses as there are
Bladensburg buses?
believe that If the Catholic Univer-
sity buses continued to Rhode Island
avenue Me- at Fifteenth street, we all
would be much more comfortable, we
would have faster service and at less
cost of time and money to the company.
The Catholic University buses spend
: as much time at their terminal after un-
loading as it would take to run over to
Rhode Island avenue NE. The Bladens-'
burg buses pass these empty buses with
al Of us hanging on for dear life
WILLIE q. RANSOM.
Arkansas State press., 1945-12-14
READ THE PRESS !!
SPECIAL NOTICE !!

1t is necessary for us to re.
quest our correspondents to
cut down on their local news
items, by writing more about
what is expected to happen
and less about what has al
ready happened.
Publisher.
Arkansas State press., 1945-12-14
STAMPS
Willie Fair Jones
p. @. Box 328

Mr.. Jones, the science teacher
If Walker High at Magnolia, was
visitor at the L. c. T. school,.
The Tenth Biology class observed
their class affair at Magnolia,
Nov. 2. The L. c. T. S. basket
ball girls won against the Lewis
vile girls at Lewisville, Novem-
Der q, by 20 to 4. The boys Of
L. c. T. S. lost to Lewisville boys
10 to 80. /. A carnival was held
at the school Mrs. Beulah
Flowers left for Pine Bluff. Her
son, the Honorable Harold Flow
ers, is absent on a business trip.
Mack Adams is having his home
remodeled, and is expected to
return home from Prescott ip
the near future. Mrs. Emma
Jones Gallagher, her mother, and
her friends are touring East
Texas during the holidays.
Mrs. Costello Williams attended
the funeral of Mrs. Hannah Rhode
who died November Is at Pres
colt, and was buried at the
Greenville Baptist Church on No
vember %, Garland Robinson be-
ing in charge. ITO the reader in
and around Stamps, please send
your news for the State Press TO
me before Saturday, or at least
before Saturday noon. Present
news to Lovette Jones on deliv-
cry of papers, or mail it on postal
card to Willie Fair Jones, p. O.
Box 328."
Arkansas State press., 1945-12-14
oKoLokA
Mrs. Zela Gill

The Okolona Jr. High School
gave a post-Thanksgiving affair
Friday, November 30, to pay for
the refrigerator in the lunch
room. Much Improvement is APP
parent in the lunchrcom. Tho
Okolona Tigers defeated Arka-
delphia in basketball games at
Arkadelphia, Tuesday, Novem-
Der 20. Hosie Lee Cook and
Tom N. Jones have gone to be
examined at Camp Robinson for
the Army. Robert James White
left for the Army November Is.
Several persons attended the fu-
neral of Mr.. w. M. Graves at
Dooley Hill in Hampstead Coun-:
ty, Sunday, November rs. /.
Sunday School was largely at
tended.
Arkansas State press., 1945-12-14

and father and l know they were
not mean to him but all at once
he left home and went to stay
with strange people. He got in
trouble and we got him out and
he went to work with some peOl
pie and followed them away. He
didn't say he was going. Now
can he help himself and what
should we do?
Ans: He is practically grown
and out on his own and you won't
be able to sway him to any great
degree. He is not under any
bad influence as you suspect. $.
he has made up his mind to 90
his way and stand on his own
feet. Don't feel too alarmed
about the boy. Shifting for him.
self as he is doing has some good
points. You at least know THAI
he is working and making his
own way or he would be writing
you for money. When he con-
facts you, encourage him to come
home at any time that he desires.
M. E. MI am not in love
with the man I married. ] love
a man l used to go with a few
years ago. Maybe some day !
could grow to love my husband
but it puzzles me now. Give me
some advice as to what to do. !
! have been living with the man !
love lately.
Ans: You certainly are not
improving the relations between
you and your husband by living
with another man. Fact is, you
are throwing monkey wrench
into the works Of your marriage.
You are not happy because yop
know that you are in the wrong
and hurting your husband. Il
will never be any different. so
back home and live up to your
marriage vows until you can de-
eide exactly what it is that you
wish to do.
Arkansas State press., 1945-12-14
THE NEW 1916 READINGS ARE
NOW READY

A. M. G.--About year ago
met boy from the city and I
fell deeply in love with him and
he with me. He gave me ring,
We had quarrel and / gave the
ring back. We made up and he
wants to marry me. His mother
is fond of me also. But my prob
lem is this: I met a boy from
the country and he says he loves
me. l like him but l know I
don't love him. Now / am back
in the country and don't see the
one I love often so help me by
telling me what to do. He won't
come out here in the country to
see me neither will he write.
Ans. Distance is no obstacle
for man who is sincerely in
love and whose movements are
not restricted. If the will to see
you were strong enough, a way
would be found. He is just moi
sufficiently interested, else he
would see you. Take your love
affairs a little less seriously. &c
with the country boy for amuse-
ment and make other friends as
we'll. You are too young tc con-
centrate all your energies on get
ting married just yet.
]. Ii am worried about my
Arkansas State press., 1945-12-14
SOLGOHACHIA
Rubye j. Arnold

Rubye j. Arnold
Dr. ]. r, Jamison, pastor, con-
Quoted his regular service at the
Pilgrim Baptist Church, Sunday,
November 90, and announced
prayer meeting on Christmas
morning at seven o'clock. The
Woman's Association plans to
give a program and Christmas
tree at night; the public is in
vited; Mrs. G.. Gussie Smith from
Kansas City, Kansas, was a Wis
itor. Rev. r. A. Donald, state
missionary, has just returned
from Kansas City, Kansas, where
he has conducted a series of
meetings.
Arkansas State press., 1945-12-14
n. LITTLE ROCK

sNs ~ N0N
Mrs. Georgia Bailey, 1903 East
18th Street, was hostess recent
ly to her brother of Detroit,
Michigan, and her sister and bro
ther-in- law, Pfc. and Mrs. Harper
of Los Angeles, California. :.
Graciously entertained at an
elaborate Thanksgiving party as
the guests of Mr.. and Mrs. Willie
Hattison of 1919 Pine Street, were
Mrs. Alice Scott and daughter,
Rebecca, Mrs. Florence Richard
son, Mrs. Virginia Bowen, Mrs.
Margaret Leseur and Jesse John
son all of Little Rock, Mrs. En-
ma Walton, Mrs. Ester Castle
berry of North Little Rock, Mrs.
Lucille johnson of Phoenix, Ari-
IONA, Mr.. and Mrs. Veotia Haiti
son and Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph
Walton of Chicago, Illinois.
Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph Walton of
Chicago, ILL.,, were the house
guests of Mrs. Walton's mother,
Mrs. Rosa L. Davis, of 1904 East
End Street. Mr.. Walton is a dis
charged veteran of World War II
and formerly lived in Little Rock.
Mrs. Walton is the former Miss
Oracle Lee Davis of North Little
Rock. Among the several af-
fairs given in their honor were a
cocktail party November Oath, by
Mr.. Walton's sister, Mrs. Lucille
johnson, and a delightful dinner
party given by Mrs. Island RAN
dolph November 9th. The Wal
tons left November 3Oth for the
Windy City.
Arkansas State press., 1945-12-14
BRONZE STAR MEDALS
AWARDED TO 93RD

With the 93rd Infantry Division
on Morotai. -- The exemplary
leadership, resourcefulness, and
fidelity to duty of three enlisted
men of this division merited them
award of the Bronze Star Medal
and laudatory citations from
Major General Harry Fl. johnson,
Commanding General.
Arkansas State press., 1945-12-14

]. Ii am worried about my
son. He stayed with my mother
Arkansas State press., 1945-12-14
LEGAL NOTICES
WARNING ORDER

WARNING ORDER
State of Arkansas
County of Pulaski, IS.
In The Pulaski
Chancery Court
Christine Weaver, Plaintiff
VS.. No. 1901
Lucious Weaver, Defendant,
The Defendant, Lucious Weav-
err, is warned to appear in this
court within thirty days and ans
wer the complaint of the plaintiff,
Christine Weaver.
Dated November 10, 1945.
J. R. Booker
Solicitor for Plaintiff.
j. A. Hibbler
Attorney ad Litem.
H. S. Nixon, Chancery Clerk,
By Ealy Red, d. c.
Arkansas State press., 1945-12-14
Old Apartment

Old Apartment
Scientists unearthed the nrst
apartment house In the Mesa Verde
National park, southwestern Colo
RADIO. It revealed romantic story
Of how 10000 small-statured people
dwelled there until about 1875, when
some tragic happening ended their
existence.
Evening star., 1945-09-05
Cabinet Shifts Seen
After De GauIIe Talk
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
PARIS, Sept. 5.-Paris seethed
with conflicting reports of imminent
cabinet shifts today in the wake OF
Gen, Charles de Gaulle's address to
the people last night predicting a
vote in favor of creating a fourth
French Republic in the national
election of October 81.
The Provisional President spoke
to the nation in an atmosphere Of
tenseness as representatives oi
powerful political groups chartec
action against his regime.
Delegates of the Communist
Socialist and Radical Socialist
parties, as we'll as the League o.
Human Rights and the Genera
Confederation of Labor, were sum.
moned by their leaders to confer.
ence almost as soon as Gen. d,
Gaulle had finished speaking.
Gen. de Gaulle's speech explained
the method Of voting in the referen
dunn which will decide whether tn,
electors want to do away with tn
Third Republic. He said when tn
Third Republic crumbled in 1910 al
Frenchmen understood "it was nee
essary to adopt at all costs anothe
SYSTEM" and added he was con
v.nced that "by an immense ma
jority the French people will de
eide in favor of renovated repub
lie"