davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-05-21
Yanks Take Marshal
Who Fought Russians
In CzechosIoyakia
Schooner Is Surrendered
To AID Division; Dr.. Best
Placed in Allied Hands
By the Associated Press.

PARIS, May 21.-Field Marshal
Ferdinand oerner, COM
mander of holdout Nazi troops
who resisted the Red Army in
Czechoslovakia many days after
Germany's unconditional sur
render, was an American captive
today-turned over to the 42d
Division by troops of a German
Army command post.
Continuing to round up an as
sortment of Nazis, Fascists and war
criminals. the American Sd Army
captured DR.. Franz Anton Basch, a
leader of Hungarian Nazis who or
ganized a Volksbund in Hungary in
1899.
Haw Haw's Boss Taken.
Edward Dietze, former chief OF
German anti-Allied propaganda and
boss Of the radio commentator,
Lord Haw Haw, was seized in the
1st Canadian Army sector.
(The Allied Military Commis- !
sion at Copenhagen today ar
rested Werner Best, former Ger
man deputy for Denmark who
since the German capitulation
has been held in custody by the
Danish Freedom Fighters at his
villa.
(Best was taken to an uniden-
titled place of detention for ques-
tioning. Although he had been
heavily guarded. he had con-
tinued to live in his luxurious
quarters and on several occa-
sions was permitted to visit the
Swedish Legation. These visits
resulted in strong criticism in
the Danish pressD
Schooner, who deserted his troop!
in the field and flew out of CZecho.
slovakia May 8, was disguised in 6
Tyrolean native costume when hi
sought refuge with the German Isl
Army Group, only to be surrendered
promptly to the Americans.
Push Hunt for Himmler.
The manhunt for Gestapo Chic
Heinrich Himmler continued. Ar
armored automobile identified a.
having belonged to him was foune
near Neunkirchen, close to the ares
where Arthur Greiser, former Naz
overlord of Posnan, was caught
May II.
CMoscow commentators last night
demanded to know why some Nazi
war criminals had not been cap
tured by British-American au-
thorities. The Soviet Writer B.
Ilyin said that "a large group of
the basest and most dangerous
organizers of the sanguinary Hit
lerite regime" had been seized,
but that "still others keep playing
hide and seek with Allied mill
tary authorities. Another COM
60. TTT A = VnrTTHJ Ar q 49, - :
Evening star., 1945-05-21
Use of Double for Eisenhower
Resulted From Fake Nuzi Plot

machinery of the war to prevent
possible destruction of supreme Al
lied headquarters and assassination
of the commanding general.
The similarity in appearances of
Gen. Eisenhower and Col. Smith is
so striking that they frequently are
mistaken for each other.
when Smith sat in the generals
car you couldn't tell the difference, /"
commented 1t. Albert Buonnano Of
Cranston, r. I. Their smiles are
identical and from the rear they
look exactly alike"
1t. Col. Otto Skorzeny, aide to
Gestapo Chief Heinrich Himmler
and reported to be leader of the
picked assassins directed to kill Gen.
Eisenhower, was captured by the
American 7th Army last Thursday.
Censors then permitted release of
(See EISENHOWER. Page A-I20
Evening star., 1945-05-21
British Score New Gains
Near Toungoo, in Burmo

BY the Associated Press.
CALCUTTA, May 21.-British 14th
Army troops have made a further
advance east of Toungoo and mop
ping up operations over the whole
area of Southern Burma are con-
tinuing successfully, a Southeast
Asia Command communique said
today.
Casualties were inflicted on the
Japanese in an action at Zalon, on
the east bank of the Irrawaddy, 8
miles northwest of Prone.
Evening star., 1945-05-21
Late News
Bulletin
Reno Divorce Upset

The Supreme Court today
upheld a North Carolina Su-
preme Court finding that a
Nevada six-week divorce was
invalid because bona fide res
idence was not established
there. Justice Frankfurter
delivered the 6-3 opinion.
Justices Black, Douglas and
Rutledge dissented.
Evening star., 1945-05-21
Fire Races British Pier,
Survivor of Air Raids
By the Associated Press

Il Ile ASS0clHIeu FreSS.
FOLKESTONE, England, May 81.
Victoria Pier in this town on Eng
lands southeast coast survived
cross Channel shelling and air
raids during the war only to be
wrecked by a raging fire last night
Thousands enjoying the Whitsun
bank holiday watched as the pier
went up in smoke and anne.
Evening star., 1945-05-21
18th Division Replaces
British at Bremerhuyen
BY the Associated Press,

by GHe ASS0Clated Press,
BREMERHAvEN, May 21.-The
9th Army's 29th Division, originally
composed of former National Guard
units from the District of Columbia,
Maryland, Virginia and Western
Pennsylvania, has taken over the
job of occupying this big German
port.
Bremerhaven will be one of the
main supply ports for the American
Army of Occupation. The 29th
supplanted British regiment in
the occupation of the port in GER
emonies held yesterday.
Evening star., 1945-05-21
Fascist Who Sent 200
To Death Held in ItuIy
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
ROME, May 81. - Caribinieri to-
day arrested Settimio Roscioli, Fas-
cist Republican charged with re-
sponsibility for execution of more
than 200 italian patriots and their
supporters and OF numerous Allied
prisoners.
Evening star., 1945-05-21

One additional man from
the District area has been re-
ported killed in this ,Dar. See
"On the Honor Roll," Page Az.
Evening star., 1945-05-21

(See TRIESTE, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1945-05-21

(See OKINAWA, Page A-12.)
Evening star., 1945-05-21

(See LINCOLN, Page A-4D
Evening star., 1945-05-21

See SUPREME COURT, Page A
Evening star., 1945-05-21

Col. A. T. Mason, 532 Twen-
tieth street NV, has been in CON-
mand of the 1st Marine Regiment
The Omaha guide., 1945-04-14

with the new dealers, threw him out. MIR. Gibson,
appointed to head the Chirago show went to De-
troit, came back and said the Detroit show was a
joke; that he, as head of theChicagO exhibit, would
make the Detroit arrangement look like a grammar
school affair. This writer was then writing for the
Oklahoma Eagle, and, to his personal knowledge,
was the only Negro writer to expose the exposition.
Gibson was headed to great heights by Wendell
Greene, now pudge, as "a very brilliant young man
with a future. Printing was gotten out, printed by
white printers-replicas Of past milestones were
made in WPA. Project Governmental set-ups. We
did not know then, but we can see now it was one of
Claude "Giraffe'' Barnett, Truman Gibson, Jr., and
other lesser lights for the Negro votes that followed
Aside from the progress the Negro has made under
the derision government projects, the exposition
was a sad affair. Claude &c" Barnett, head of the
Associated Negro Press, and who holds jobs for him
self and stooges, was in charge of Negro press re-
leases. Because Of money paid out, the truth was
kept from the publicly keeping the truth from
the '..Sucker public, Gibson was hailed by Wallace
as a tin horn Uncle Tom; hence he was made assist
ant to HASTE, who resigned rather than sell his
black brothers down the river. 1t was Gibson who
antagonized Hastie-It was Gibson like a snake in
the grass, encouraged HASTE to resign-It was Glib
son who carried tales from HASTE to the white folks
I'll was Gibson who told HASTE, when you re-
sign I'll 90 with you'-It was Gibson who double
crossed HASTE and got his iob-It was Olson who
would sell his own parents short IN order to remain
out of the army-But had Claude co. Barnett and
the great Negro Press, with itching palms, done
their duty in reporting the news, Gibson would not
be in Washington now. George Washington Car
ver-the greatest scientist in the wOrld-his photo
was on the floor of the exposition.
The Omaha guide., 1945-04-14
Poll Tax
Do We Fight for This?

1t is not, perhaps, exaggerated to say that the
question Of whether or not a state may impose a tax
as a condition of voting in a Federal election has in
it all the elements Of the worldwide conflict be-
tween democratic and authoritarian ideals of gov
eminent.
The American dream has been government Of the
people, by the people. for the people.
1t may be justly questioned whether or not any
bar TO suffrage is not a bar to government Of the
people by the people.
The whole history Of the franchise in these Unit
ed States has been toward removal Of artificial OBJ
stacles to suffrage and extension Of the right Of
franchise. The staets first abolished property
qualifications. They brought about direct election
of United States Senators. They adopted the 10Th
amendment to the constitution to extend the suf-
frage to women.
There is active discussion everywhere of the pro-
pFiety of laws which would penalize a failure to
vote. remains under penalty. A citizen who per-
forms the duty Of voting must pay for it.
There is further defeat Of popular government
when the Federal Congress fails to exercise its con-
stitutional rifht to establish qualifications Of voters
in Federal elections. A legislative proposal clear
" favored ~ a majority Of all members Of Congress.
the anti poll tax bill-cannot be brought to a vote
ercept by the devious methods of adischarge petit
ton, because a handful of willful men, entrenched
in comoittees by the poll tax system, will not bring
the bill to the floor.
Is this what we're fighting for?
The Omaha guide., 1945-04-14
NEWSLETTER
WHATS HAPPENING IN
Washington
Gil LOANS MAY CREATE YOUR


Gil LOANS MAY CREATE YOUR
BIGGEST SALES OPPORTUNITIES
CT Bill of Rights will add $40, sec
perhaps SEQ billion to national pur-
chasing power in postwar period,
Obvious beneficiaries: veterans
bankers, and lending institutions.
Less obvious, but equally import
ant; manufacturers and commercial
houses. who may more easily sell
equipment, obtain dealers. and get
new outlets for manufactured
goods.
Not many persons yet appreciate
that G / loans do not have to be
made by banks. Manufacturers may
also make them. Disposing of their
own products at substantial profits,
and sometimes serving other pur-
poses as welI-such as securing n
new dealer-they can frequently
Justify greater risks than a bank
could afford. Illustrations:
|. Henry Smith Co. electrical eq-
uipment. seels complete refrigerator
plant to a veteran-owned butcher
shop. Cost, SO. 900; 500 guaranteed
by U. S. government. (Limit of gov
eminent misunderstanding, 50, 900.
but never to exceed 5O%.)
2. Sunshine Gasoline Co. advan-
ces 5000 to a veteran to equip gas
cline station; 50, 0OO-4O%-govern-
ment guaranteed. Company gains
exclusive outlet for it's brands of
gas and oil. AS loan is repaid, gov
eminent guarantee is reduced pro
rata. In this case. if repayment is
spread over so months at 500 a
month, government guarantee-li-
ability is reduced $40 each month.
8. National Motor Car Co. sells
truck for $1,000; government guar
antees $500.
4. Raymond. Inc, publishers of
law, engineering and medical text
books, sells CT doctor, dentist, en-
gineer or lawyer complete library
valued at Sc. 900. 81. OOO-33 and one
third%-guaranteed by government.
5. Harding & Rogers. dental
equipment supplies, equips dentists
office for 8 $500. Government guar
antee, s1,75O.
.Highlights of regulations apply
ing to CT loans:
To qualify for federal guaranteed
loans for business, home or farm in
vestment, persons must have served
minimum of go DAYS in the armed
forces, received honorable discharge
stand credit investigation. WACs &
other women in armed services
are eligible.
Business and farm loans must be
used for purchase of real or person
al property necessary to gainful oc-
cupation; reasonable likelihood of
success required.
Purchase prices must not exceed
The Omaha guide., 1945-04-14
to your attention has the following headline:
Negro Segregation by Union Condemned

OF goes on to say that the segregation Of Negroes
III a collective bargaining unit was condemned by a
report to the National Labor Relations Board by an
examiner who that unless the prac-
tice was stopped within ID days the board should re-
woke its certification and order a new election. 1t
was further stated that this Union, Local 219 Of the
ALL Tobacco Workers, bargain only for the white
employees in the certified unit, and that the Negro
employees in their segregated Local 219-B were with
out protection Of the law.
Stating that such 'disparity in reatment had
been condemned by the U. S Supreme Court in re-
cent cases, he recommended inclusion of all employ
ees in the certified unit and cancellation Of the char
ter Of Local 219-B within 15 days or ordering a new
election.
The Is days are not yet up, and we have not been
able to find out what has happened in this case, but
the principle is obvious. Unless Unions Of their
own free will "see the light and open their doors to
all worekrs regardless Of race, color or creed, they
will be made to do 50 by the federal government,
which has made an effort to adopt a policy of equal
ity Of opportunity for minority groups.
Once again the UNION REPORTER repeats the
stand of the four locals which contribute news to it's
pages ...... There shall be no discrimination by
either employer or employees in companies which
have effective bargaining agreements with us, on
cacOunt Of rae, color, creed, sex or nationality.
The Omaha guide., 1945-04-14
PLEASE! GET RID OF THOSE "B" LOCALS
(from The Union Reporter, Camden, n. J.)

frOm The Union Reporter, Camden, n. -
The American Federation of Labor has been crit
icized severely by many groups in this country for
allowing certain Of it's locals to continue their policy
Of creating ''secOnd class or OBJ locals for Negro
members.
The explanation which President Green has given
over and over again is that the ALL itself does not
want to dictate policy to its locals, but prefers that
they should be completely autonomous, and make
their own decisions on such matters.
But in making his statement, Green has always
been very sure to state in no uncertain terms that he
himself does not favor the giving Of B charters
to locals, ans that he hopes they will themselves
take the initiative in getting rid Of the disgraceful
segregation practice.
Recently two newspaper articles have come to our
attention which we believe warrant your attention.
One Of them says that Second class or auxiliary
locals for Negro members of the International Bro
therhood of Boilernakers, Iron Shipbuilders and
Helpers. AFL, have been abolished" This Union
is one of the largest ALL Unions, with a member
ship of 1886, 900. It means that between 80 and 4O
auxiliaries will receive new charters, and that all
practical obstacles in the way Of Negroes becoming
officers of the international Union will be removed.
This change Of policy still leaves much to be de
sired. For instance, it is only fair to add that this
decision does not mean that Negro members now in
"B" locals will be amalgamated into other locals,
but, rather, that the auxiliary locals will now be el-
evated to complete autonomy with the same status
as other locals and with direct affiliation with the
international.
The second clipping which we would like to call
The Omaha guide., 1945-04-14

man. by attributing to a group the mistakes of a
man, by by not taking the
trouble to learn all the facts.
&c, over the people who you think you dislike.
Why don't you lick them? How many do you dis
like. Why dn't you like them? How many do you
dislike with goodcause? How many because you
are not considering the mas individuals but are
Jumping them as a group.
Do you speak carelessly Of people? Do you as
sumo more knowledge than you really possess?
Plutarch said: "He who reflects on another man.
want of breeding. shows he wants it as much him
SELF
You wouldn't touch one of your neighbours pos
sessions? But what are you doing to his good
name?
A man for whom I have great admiration said one
day, in speaking Of another man who had done him
harm. eff / were small enough to dislike a man fol
personal reasons. That is true greatness. He
saw things in their proper light. He would not be
hurting the man by ~disliking him, but he would be
injuring himself.
If we have nothing good to say about our brother
then in God nam-let us be still!
The Omaha guide., 1945-04-14

was listening to a speech one night-a dull, dry
as-dust speech-and my mind was wandering. when
suddenly heard the speaekr say. For the old a
dage Of No taxation without representation one
might as well substitute the new slogan Of no critic
ism without study. -.
If we could do that we could revolutionize human
relations. If we stopped to study a situation, how
seldom would we criticize it? Instead we would
understand it. Prejudice always menaces the per-
son holdingit.
No inc of us would willingly steal. But he who
condemns another unjustly or who bears false wit
ness against his brother is a thief.
Shakespeare said: "He who steals my purse
steals trash; but he that robs me of my good name,
rObs me of that which notenricheth him. but makes
me poor indeed
How do we do that? By general izing against a
The Omaha guide., 1945-04-14
Land of the Noble Free
The FEPC.
by Layle Lane for Calvin's News Service

The Republican Party in its 1914 platform pledg-
ed itself to the enactment OF a permanent FEPC,
but as yet, except i'll New York State and in the pro-
cess i'm Indiana. it has shown little effort in putting
through legislation for this purpose. In fact. Sen
ator Taft has ieopardized the chances for S1O1 by
introducing his own bill which is without effective
enforcement powers.
On March %, the March on Washington Move
ment reminded % Senators Of the 1914 platform
commitment and urged their support Of SlO1. To
date only six replies to the telegram have been re-
ceived $3.50.
Senator Hawkes. Of New Jersey wired: Studying
Taft Bill and S1O1. Thansk for views"
Sen. LANCER of North Dakota replies: AS one Of
the sponsors of the FEPC bill, you can depend upon
my doing everything possible"
II am not for the Taft Bill, !" writes Senator Cap
per. I'm fact, | do not believe the Taft Bill will
have serious consideration. | believe SlOl IS get
ting stronger every day"
The views Of tie Michigan Senators were diver
/. gent. Senator Homer Ferguson states: Il bellevt
that discrimination in respect to employment III ~
dustry should be abolished, and L am IN favor OF leg
5~islatiOn which will actual abolish il"
Senator Nandenberg, however, writes: 81 have
not had an opportunity to study Sl0i IN detall. II
is still in the Senate Committee on Education and
Labor. | do not happen to be a member or the Com
mittee and | have not heard the discussions. | snail
be glad to write you more definitely when TINS spec
fife bill reaches the floor OF the oellale ana L nave
had an opportunity to be fully informed respecting
it"
II note your comments concerning the proposed
hill bv Senator Taft respecting the FEPC. AS you
know. | completely favor a permanent and progress
siveIv stronger status for the FEPC. Frankly, how
ever. | feel We shall make a serious blunder II we
trv ia % .too far too fast in this connection. 1t
MUST be a process of evolution. The main thing
IL [ keep our momentum in the right direction. -
Senator Ball of Minnesota says: Il feel myseh
that elimination of discrimination in employment
opportmities because Of race. creed or color IS del
initelv an obligation of government and one tnai
will be especially urgent in the reconverslon perlou
and when veterans return and seek jobs.
Therefore, | intend to support the FEY Dill III
Guiding a strong enforcement provision. 1t IS my
own conviction that most of the commlsslons re-
suits will be achieved through education, medlatlon'
and adjustment, but to be effective these methous
must be backed up by enforcement when necessary
al am on the Education and Labor Committee
which will consider the bill. and | do expect to sup
port amendments which will improve the Legislation
and strengthen support for it, without emasculat-
ing it."
The las statement indicates that to get more sup
port for the bill there may be definitely steps taken
to weaekn it. However, a lesson should be learned
from the passage of the bill in New York.
All The advocates of the state FEPC assembled III
The Omaha guide., 1945-04-14

Co., Of Chicago, was allegedly charged
by the white press Of d%iscrediting Ne
gro soldiers on the Italian front
claiming Negroes were illiterate and
charged them with cowardice under
fire. Away back in 80 or 40, there
was what was termed a Negro exposi-
ton in Chicano. 1t had as it's purpose
the Exhibition Of the progress Of the
Negro sinre his emancipation. The
idea was the brain rhild of the late Jas
w. WASHINGTON. and Gibson. along
The Omaha guide., 1945-04-14

such numbers and gave such convincing arguments
for a strong measure that they were able TO over
come the opposition. While the task will be hard
er on the national scale it is essential to mobilize i'm
m~ediately public pressure on Capitol Hill and to
The Omaha guide., 1945-04-14
WHAT o A DO

/. Send a contribution to the National Council
for a Permanent FEPC, $50 f Street, n. W., Wash
ington, 4, DC.
2. Write Senator Kenneth S. Wherry, and
Senator Hugh Butler of Nebraska at the Senate
Chambers, Washington, Dc, urging them to Wig
orously support and vote for the bills to make
FEPC. permanent.
The Omaha guide., 1945-04-14
DYNAMITE
by H. George Davenport
is GIBSON ALONE TO BLAME?

Truman Gibson, Jr., son Of Truman Gibson, ST.,
President Of the Supreme Liberty Life Insurance
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1945-08-08

ANNOUNCING NEW LO-
CATION of DIR. Jas. M. Uno-
sawa, formerly Atlas Hotel,
now 116 Jackson Bldg, 9Th
and jackson.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1945-08-08
MORE ABOUT
JOIN THE NAACP
CONTINUED from Page y

Continued from Page ID
must be made by the veteran not
later than two years after the war
ends or two years after he is dis
charged from the armed services,
which ever is the later date. The
deadline for application is five
years from the date the war ter
inmates. 1t is contemplated that
many will not be discharged un-
til several years after the war
ends and this provision of five
year duration is for their benefit.
How Much Can He Borrow and
What Are the Terms?
l. The Administrator of Vet
Grams Affairs will guarantee a
loan up to 500 of the amount re-
quired to go in business, but the
limit of the guarantee is 100000.
The loan may be secured for a
period of 20 years at 40 interest.
For the first year no interest will
be charged on the amount loaned
and guaranteed by the Govern
ment.
The loan will be on the direct
reduction plan, no co-signers or
co-makers are required nor will
the veteran be forced to provide
security or collateral for the loan
which is guaranteed by the Gov
eminent. However, if the amount
borrowed is more than the 81.
600 guaranteed by the Govern
ment, the excess will be subject
to the terms of the lending insti-
tuition from which the loan was
obtained
3. Full and complete data on the
lending facilities have not yess
been determined by the Admins
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1945-08-08

Equality? You buy it with your
membership in the NAACP. 1916
46 memberships are due now.
Please maiy your check or money
order so that you may align your
self with this might "Spearhead of
Democracy.
All membership campaign work
ers, please attend this meeting.
Lest you forget-mark this date
on your calendar in red Thurs
day, August 8, 1916, 8 p. m.
Fred w. Shorter. President. CA.
O36; Phillip Mccullough, Secre-
tary, PR. 1868.
Contributors names will con-
tinue next week until every menu
Der has been listed. - The Pub
Usher.