davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07
Peace More
Natural Than War

You may have read very trench
ant article by Emery Reeves, au-
thority and writer on international
affairs in the current Mercury
magazine, which confutes the argu-
ment that since war is part of
human nature. it can never be pre-
vented. Mr. Reeves goes about his
task of disproving this convent bro
mide of the pessimist in highly
scientific manner.
why" he asks, did cities once
wage war against each other and
why do they no longer fight each
otfer with weapons today?
why, at certain times did great
landowner barons war with each
other and why have they ceased
the practice?
why did the various churches
plunge their adherents into armed
warfare and why today, are they
able to worship side by side with
out shooting each other? Why did
Scotland and England, The author
continues, and other parts Of what
are now single nations, once fight
and now live together peacefully?
Reeves points out that these and
other groups, presumably because it
was the nature of the beast to once
consider it natural to decide their
differences with tooth, claw, pow
der and shot, or bow and arrow and
yet that kind of legal murder no
longer exists and would horrify mod
ern man.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07
NURSING-A CAREER
WITH A FUTURE

Young women who want to enter
profession in wartime which
provides promising future in
peacetime would do well to enroll
in the U. S. Cadet Nurse Corps.
Nursing is financially secure at all
times because of the wide field of
opportunities it offers for a variety
Of specialties. The graduate nurse
may enter public health nursing
with voluntary or official agency,
school and industry. She may be a
director Of a nursing school; super
visor of hospital; a specialist in
pediatrics, public health or in
psychiatric nursing; a laboratory
technician; an anesthetist. After
sufficient preparation and exper-
fence to perform administrative
and organizational duties, she NAV
earn up to $500 year.
From the day she enters a school
of nursing until her graduation, a
Cadet Nurses tuition, uniforms
and living expenses are paid in
full. AS a pre-Cadet, she receives
a monthly allowance of SIS; as a
Junior Cadet, $40; and then, where
supervised practice as Senior is
included in the program. not less
tnan $50 a month. Upon gradua-
ton a Cadet Nurse is eligible to
become a Registered Nurse after
passing her State Board Examina-
ton.
High school graduates and col
lege girls in good health and with
good scholastic records may enlist
in the U. S. Cadet Nurse Corps if
they meet Individual requirements
of the nursing school they wish to
enter. The age range is II or IL
to 80, depending upon school or
State regulations. In most schools,
through accelerated courses, Cadet
Nurses complete their education in
from "a to "a months. Any member
of the Corps enrolled ninety
days prior to the end of the
war will be able to complete
her studies under the scholarship
provided by the Government. For
detailed information on the U. S.
Cadet Nurse Corps, get in touch
with your local hospital. To join
the Corps, apply to the nursing
school of your choice. A list of the
more than LOO schools participat-
ing in the Corps program may be
obtained from the U. S. Public
Health Service, Box SO, New York
8, n. Y.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07
Expense Money And
Increases

REGARDLESS of OPA and wage
control, the House Of Represen-
tatives seems to be convinced that
there should be increased compen-
sation for employees of the Post.
office and extra expense money for
members of the House.
Recently, the House voted each
member $500 tax-free expense
item. In addition, the House has
voted, $50 to /, to increase the
salaries of postoffice employees by
an average of $4OO annually.
As we understand the proposal
each regular postal employee would
receive twenty per cent increase
also time-and-a-haf for overtime
and ten per cent additional fol-
night work. The bill is based OF
classification, grade, length OF
service and provides a permanent
system of increase.
We are not now concerned with
the justification of the increas'
for postal employees or the expense
funds which the House members
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07
Transporting Freed
Prisoners

VERY FEW of us realize the
magnitude of the task involved
in transporting prisoners of war
liberated in Germany and, conse-
quently, there is a tendency on the
part of the uninformed to assume
that more intensive effort would
produce faster results.
The number of prisoners of war
in Germany at the end of the war,
is not yet certain, but a tabulation
in the middle of March showed
that the Nazis held 1880 Ameri-
cans, 1895 British and $4,000
French prisoners of war. In adj
dition, the Germans had 784,30O
Russians, 122,100 Yugoslavs,
65,700 Belgians, $4,000 Poles,
10000 Netherlanders, 87,100 Ital,
ians.
Reports from Paris tell us that
approximately 1900 transports and
bombers were used for eyacuating
prisoners by air and that as many
as $4,000 were transported in a
single day. In addition, other
means of transportation were used
and it is gratifying to believe that
almost all Allied prisoners have
now been removed.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07
VINO To Give Railroad
Work High Priority

Wherever railroad work is vital
to the movement of freight and
troops, referral of workers to rail-
roads will be given high priority by
area directors of the War Manpow-
er Commission and such referrals
will be expedited by local offices
of The U. S. Employment Service,
the VINO announced. An unprece-
dented problem has been created for
railroads in manning for operation
and maintenance. 1t is expected
that these difficulties will not be
confined to any one section of the
country, for in addition to the
great movement to our western
ports, there will be an extensive
movement of materials to the
Atlantic and Gulf ports for ship
ment through the Panama Canal.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07
w Bombs For Japan

NOT ALL the facts have come
to light about the German VIZ
bombs, which are pronounced by
experts to be devastating weap-
on, both materially and psyche
logically. When the Allies cap
tured big underground factory
in Germany, practically intact,
something like 100 completed V-2s
were sent to the United States for
study by experts.
The fact that the vi design was
adopted by this country with a
few minor improvements and went
into mass production for use
against Japan indicates that the
same course is contemplated with
the w.
Volney ID. Hurd, correspondent
of The Christian Science Monitor,
says that British defense, which
stopped two-thirds of the Wis
from getting into England, will
not avail against the w, which
goes straight up into the stratos-
phere and comes down, travelling
so fast that it is in the ground
and explodes before any sound is
heard.
The W. has target-piercine
characteristics that result in a
more devastating explosion than
the vi which operated at slow
speed and exploded primarily or
contact.
Specializing as to the launching
system, which will turn against
Japan these robot bombs devel-
oped by the Germans, Mr.. Hurd
suggests that a fleet of carriers,
standing well off the coast of
Japan could pump the robots into
the Japanese islands by the thou
sands.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07
Japan Can Wage
A Long War

Although Japan has suffered
severe military reverses and dam
aging air attacks in recent months,
her productive capacity is such
that she is still able to wage a long
war, says Leo 7. Crowley, Foreign
Economic Administrator. A large
portion of the war industry she
had Pearl Harbor is intact. At
that time, japanese war industry
was organized to operate efficient
ly in the so-called inner zone of
Japan proper, Korea, Manchuria
and some parts of North China.
In the months following Pearl
Harbor the area of Japanese mill
tary aggression extended to the
East Indies and to Burma. The
Allies, so far, have liberated less
than seven percent of the total OF
nearly 100000 square miles of
conquered territory controlled by
the enemy. But we have scored
major successes in almost COM
pletely cutting Japan off from
such raw material resources as
rubber, oil, tin and fibers that
formerly were available to her
from the East Indies, Malaga and
the Philippines. Nevertheless, in
Japan's inner zone, industries exist
capable of producing for many
months finished war products and,
in addition, key raw material are
available for expanded production.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07
WAR BONDS
GOOD INVESTMENT
FOR FARMERS
By JOHN R. HUTCHINSON,
Acting President

Acting President
Virginia Polytechnic Institute.
The welfare of agriculture for
the next two decades will depend
to a great extent on the use farm
ers make Of the high incomes
which they are earning during the
war period.
In the past, advantages such as
accrued to farmers from higher
farm prices and larger farm in
comes have tended to be capitalized
into higher farm land values in
stead of being used by the farmers
operating the farms to raise their
level Of living. This has resulted in
inflated land values which, in the
long run, are very harmful to agri-
culture.
During the past five years land
values all over the United States
have risen rapidly and in many
sections good farms are selling for
least so percent more than they
were prior to the outbreak of the
war. For example, the high prices
received by tobacco growers has
caused land with a tobacco allot-
ment to become so high that farm.
ers who now buying tobacco farms
will find it quite difficult to oper-
ate such farms successfully when
tobacco returns to normal prices.
Instead of buying additional land
with increased farm income, the
average farmer would be much
better off if he invested his addi-
tional earnings in War Bonds and
saved this money for the purpose
of putting electricity, water, and
heat in his home in the years fol-
lowing the war. Such money will
also be needed for the repair of
buildings, fences, and the purchase
of additional farm equipment When
such equipment becomes available.
Farmers with heavy debts should
use part of their increased income
to reduce these debts to a safe
level, but when this has been done,
the best possible investment of adj
ditional money would seem to be
in the purchase of War Bonds. The
purchase Of such Bonds will not
not help win the war but will help
insure the peace and prevent dis
astrous initiation.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07
Consumer Prospects
Brighter Now

Household articles to be pro-
duced in the coming months, as
manpower and materials become
available, are the following; table
fiatware and hollow ware; alumni
mum cooking utensils and kitchen
ware; water heaters; enamelware,
including pals, buckets, tubs, in
fants' bathtubs, dish pans and
cooking ware; carpet sweepers,
hand clothes wringers, can open
ers, garment hangers; such items
containing metal as bread boxes,
canister sets, dust pans and wash
boards #. WPB may permit linn
tied production of sewing machines
in the near future A slight
improvement in the supply of wash
tubs and wash boilers is noted o.. L.
Production of domestic oil burners
Is being retarded only because o.
lack of manpower and materials
No great increase in the guam
tity of farm machinery can be
expected for several months be-
cause of tine time required to step
up production, reports WIPE .
The reason more tractors are not
going to farmers and loggers de-
spite the high production level is
that shipments are going to the
Army and Navy Restrictions
on motorcycle production have
been lifted.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07
June Meat RatiOning
Change Slight

The point value of practically all
meats, fats and oils will remain
unchanged for the June rationing
period ending Saturday, June 30,
Price Administrator Chester Bow
les announced. Fatbacks, clear and
regular plates were increased
points, making the new value
points a pound; bacon (plate) was
upped points to 8 points a
pound, and pork sides, aged and
dry-cured, were increased one
point making the value points
pound. All other pork cuts, beef,
veal, lamb and mutton, and all
Koskered meat point values are UNI
changed. The weekly supplies of
meats available for civilians dur
ing June will be about z per cent
less than in May, Mr.. Bowles add
ed.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07
Jap Bombs In The u. S.
THE WAR pEPARTMENT has

II
finally released the news that
the Japanese have attempted to do
some damage in the United States
by using free balloons, carrying
small bombs from the Pacific into
the western States.
The details are not released but
newspaper men have known for
some months that balloons were
being used by the Japanese. So
far as we know no newspaper has
printed facts which the govern
ment thought might aid the Japs
in the effort to accomplish some
thing and the fact is that no prop
erty damage is acknowledged.
Where the Japs release their
bombs is not yet disclosed but the
War Department requests that the
public make no mention of the
landing Of any balloon because
such information might help the
Japanese in the timing and'release
Of other bombs.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07

There were several noticeable
shortages at the United Nations con-
ference: stenographers who could
talk Russian. taxis. butter tho end),
news, time to get it, good excuse
to stay longer. There were some SUR
plusages: invitations one couldn't
accept. comments on the weather,
mutton chops, trolley cars on Mar
ket street, propagandists parading
as newsfolk, talk and work.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07

NallonS organization is no less Ine
servant of John @. Citizen of Bing-
vile than the man he elects.
In proportion TO their size, there
are no less rivalries between San
Francisco and Los Angeles than
there are between any two nations
of the earth. But cities and states
of our federal union would no more
think of attempting armed warfare
with each other than any decent
law-abiding citizen would think Of
shooting up his neighbor to get his
radio, his wife or his parking priv.
leges. We are that civilized We ac.
cept the sacrifice of sovereignty OF
our home state to sovereignty under
the United States.
When we advance to the point
where we can sacrifice the degree
of sovereignty of our nation neces-
sary in order to guarantee world
order we will be civilized enough
to be sure that our sons won't run
the chance of killing and being
killed as part of a spectacle of
mass murder which even the hor-
rors of this war will pale.
The. San Francisco conference
can present blue print of the ma
chinery for peace Only civilization
itself can implement it.
1t is easier to understand things
we can see and touch than ideas.
Brooks Harding was born in
Nebraska and grew up with the
normal nationalism of boy who
had never seen a foreign flag flying
anywhere. He served in the last
war in the artillery, later became
interested in aviation. He had a
small. aircraft factory, and then
small leather factory in New York
state.
He watched the League of Nations
rise and fall He saw the United
Nations start. He became convinced
that unless there was some out
ward symbol, some outward appeal
which would stir the imagination
and the emotions of the people, the
second attempt at world harmony
would fail as did the first.
And so he literally left all he had
with the sole purpose of making
his contribution in the form of a.
United Nations flag.
That flag has not been officially
adopted but it flew in Washington
and it flew in San Francisco -
plain white field with four vertical
red bars symbolizing, he says, vic
tory, equality, unity and freedom.
1t is sponsored by the United Ma
tions Honor Flag committee sup
ported by such contributions which
he could make or which he could
solicit in travels about the coun-
try.
He hopes for its official sanction.
He feels that this banner NAV
some day become the rallying in
sigma for the people of all peace
loving nations, who without slacken-
ing their loyalty to their own coun-
try will respect and support the
forces for international good will
which this emblem represents.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07

At one of the press conferences
Secretary Stettinius who prides him.
self on getting names right ad-
dressed Mr.. Kaltenborn as Bauk-
hage. l got publicity-Stettinius and
Kaltenborn got the red faces.
A full-length metal leg costs 5000
which isn't much when you compare
it with what person would give
not to have 10 wear one.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07
WNU Service, Union Trust Building,
Washington, ID. C..

hhSnlHBtOH, H. ~.
SAN FRANCISCO. - The tumult
and the shouting dies, the captains
and the kings depart, still stands
Thine ancient sacrifice an humble
and contrite heart. so said
Kipling in describing the end OF a
war ("far-called our navies melt
away.") AS review this chapter OF
current history here at San Franz
cisco where the world security or
ganization is in the making, / am
impressed with one thing: what has
already been achieved containing
merit and the seeds of hope for q
peaceful world has been achieved
by the sacrifice offered by the hum
BILE and contrite hearts.
That sounds somewhat idealistic
perhaps but let me explain.
think it is not an exaggeration
to say that compromise is the key
stone of harmony whether it is a
question of interpersonal, inter-
party, interstate or international re-
lations. And what is compromise
but sacrifice?
Applied to the United Nations con-
ference on international organiZa-
ton, sacrifice of national aspira-
ton, and compromise which meant
yielding actual selfish advantage of
the moment in the hope Of gaining
potential advantage for the general
good, have at least given evidence
of good will. Good will, implemented
by popular endorsement, means
practical progress toward peace.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07
Will Our Boys
Come Home

THE PLAN announced by the
War Department for the re-
lease of fighting men has been
generally approved as fair and
just, regardless of how it works
out for particular individuals.
Naturally, hundreds of thou
sands of persons in the United
States are concerned over the
probability that some soldiers may
be transferred to the Far East
without a furlough in this country.
This is unfortunate, but, in gen.
eral it applies to service troops
which will be sent to the Pacific
without the special .eight-weeks'
training course designed to fit
fighters for the Japanese ltheater
of action.
The bulk Of other troops, it is
said, will go to the Far East by
way of the United States. Gener-
ally speaking, units moving to the
Pacific will have to be notified
about four months before depar-
ture in order to take their eight
weeks of special training, with a
month at an assembly area to
check their records under the dis
charge plan and overhaul their
equipment, topped off by a stay at
staging area.
These details have been an
nounced by Brighten. George S.
Eyster, who likens the transfer of
the troops from Europe to the Pa
cifc to the job of moving the whole
population of Chicago to the Phil
ippines. Combat troops will be
started for the United States and
home burroughs on their way to
the Pacific within three or four
weeks.
There is one exception to the
rule of points in regard to a dis
charge from service. Every win
ner of the Medal of Honor is
eligible for immediate release upon
his request, regardless of points.
This recognition of men who per-
formed superiatively is just and
reasonable. Moreover, it affects
less than 100 men.
Another sensible decision, made
by General Eisenhower, is con-
tanned in instructions to senior
American officers. The General
orders that ITO combat soldier who
fought in both North Africa and
Europe be sent to the Pacific, even
if he does not have sufficient
points for discharge. In the lat
ter case, the men SHOULD be re-
tanned in the European theater for
the army of occupation as they
should not be required to fight an
other campaign
While it is generally assumed
that eighty-fve points will auto
matically procure the discharge of
a veteran who wants to get out of
service, there are some troops con-
sidered so essential that they are
going direct to the Pacific regard
less Of points accumulated for dis
charge.
The eighty-fve points mark for
discharge is entirely tentative and
the final critical score viii not be
announced for a month. Before it
can be definitely ascertained, all
rating cards will be tabulated and
the point-for-discharge figure will
be set where it will release the
number of men that the Army
program justifes.
-V
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07

voted themselves. 1t may be that
careful study would lead anyone to
the conclusion that both items are
deserved, under normal conditions.
The point we raise, however, is
the effect of such action upon the
contention of the war agencies of
the nation that wage controls are
necessary and that general in
crease of wages ann salaries will
precipitate initiation.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07
Yield Sovereignty
To Higher Community

The sovereign power of the cities
yielded TO the power of the nation;
England and Scotland yielded their
separate sovereignty to the sover-
eighty of the British crown. This oc-
cured as a part of the due process
of civilization which began when
the individual cave man agreed
to abide by the rules of the tribe,
the tribe submitted to the will of
the community and so on until the
process produced the United States.
Here is a vast area occupying a
huge sector of a great continent,
which, after a bloody war where
state rights versus federal author
ity was the issue, became a unified
whole Hates. rivalries, competition.
religious and economic difference
continue Gas a part of human ma
ture) but internecine strife is I'M
thinkable.
Where's the rub. then? Just, "sov-
ereignty" which is a fighting word.
still today The United States is will
ing, anxious to participate in the
United Nations organization the
people have given that mandate to
both parties. But will she yield her
sovereignty? If so, how much?
If she will not, it is largely a mat
ter of ignorance as to what that
sacrifice involves. And who makes
the sacrifice? The people them
selves or some abstraction known as
the government"
At this point let me quote that
other student of international rela-
tons, who, il is true, does not raise
his sight to the point of world fcder-
alton but who has urged it on a
more limited basis.
refer 10 Clarence STREET who has
long campaigned for a federal union
of the north Atlantic democracies
He says that the only loss of sovcr
eighty involved is the subordination
of the ruling bodies to the ruling
body of the union, that citizen still
has the right of franchise and all
the rest of his rights.
Does the citizen of Richmond, Va,
who, after the secession of the south
ern states owed his allegiance to the
Confederacy, enjoy any less rights
today when the seat of his federal
government is the capital of all the
United States. Is the Scotsman in
Edinburgh deprived of any privi-
leges which he held when he was d
subject Of chieftain, laird or Scottish
king? On the contrary.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-06-07
Cooperation for Peace
Based on Compromise
Nations Must Yield Some Sovereignty to
Lend Helping Hand Against Threats
To World Security.
BY BAUKHAGE
Nems Analyst and Commentator.

This is his answer to these
provocative questions:
Wars between these social units
cease to exist the moment SOW
ereign power is transferred to a
larger or higher unit"
That is worth bordering.