davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-05-16

elected for terms of nine years
each. The terms of the present
judges have all run out. They are
holding on until new judges are
elected, or new court is set up.
There is a possibility that the
terms of the judges will be stag
gered, with five being elected to
serve three years, five to serve six,
and five to serve nine, in the first
instance. This will mean the elec-
ton of one third of the court every
three years, and bring about con-
tinuity of the court which did not
exist under the old statute.
Under the plans for the new
peace organization, the Internation-
al Court of Justice is expected to
play big part. 1t will be the chief
law body to which the General As
sembly and the Security Council
may turn for advisory opinions on
issues that may come before both.
Individual Proposals.
Proposals have been made that
individual members of the interna-
tional organization be authorized to
ask advisory opinions of the court
on questions in which they are
especially interested. There is
opposition to this procedure, how
ever, in some quarters, where the
belief is expressed that it would be
better to take such questions directly
to the court for adjudication.
While a large body of interna-
tional law is already in existence,
growing out of customary interna-
tional practices over many years,
treaties and other agreements, the
international court will play an i'm
portant part in building up still
further this body of international
law by its opinions and decisions.
The charter of the new interna-
tional organization specifies that it's
actions are to be based on justice
and international law.
The plan for the court was CON-
sidered by an international commit
tee of jurists in Washington before
Evening star., 1945-05-16
Big Powers Reported
Substantially Agreed
On Trusteeship Issue
Ey the Associated Press.

SAN FRANCISCO, May 49,
Substantial agreement among
the major powers at the Unitee
Nations Conference was reported
today on a dual-type trusteeshir
policy for governing dependent
territories under a world organi.
zation.
Drawn by Comdr. Harold E
Stassen, member of the United
States delegation, the plan incor.
porates fundamental portions oi
United States and British pro-
posals which have been under dis
cussion for several days.
Agreement on the formula that
would permit the United States and
other powers to develop military
bases they believe essential to Sc
curity in strategic" trusteeships
appeared to be the major hurdle
facing the conference.
This country is especially con-
cerned about retaining Pacific
bases captured from Japan. The
British delegation last night re-
ceived London approval of the
tentative Anglo-American trustee
ship formula But Russia's final de-
cision is awaited.
High Lighted Stassen Plan.
Under the Stassen plan provision
would be made for setting up man.
dates for both strategic and non.
strategic areas. Supervision oil
strategic areas would be placed un-
der the proposed World Leagues
Security Council, the nonstrategit
under the General Assembly.
The draft thus followed the major
outlines of the riginal American
plan, but to it was added a portion
of a British-sponSored statement o1
policy. The British have proposed
that trusteeships generally be
aimed at the economic advancement
of the dependent peoples concerned
The United States has insisted that
some territories be set aside as
purely strategic military areas.
A Russian demand that the fina
objective of all mandates be the
eventual independence of the gov
erned people was met in part BY
of clause naming self
government one of the principa
gains to be expected under the
mandate program.
In effect, the draft would provide
for self government in forms ap.
propriate to the varying conditions
of each territory"
Small Nations Fears Vanishing.
A Russian proposal that mandates
from the last war be included ir
territories to be placed under new
trusteeships was not directly men
toned in the American policy draft
It's sponsors held to the theary that
the governing states concerned must
agree to submission of any territory
for trusteeships.
Meanwhile fears OF small ma
tions about Big Power veto control
Evening star., 1945-05-16

a proposed United Nations charter.
Oficials let it be known that this
was not necessarily the final word
on the issues of freedom of news
and communication insofar as the
conference here is concerned.
The recent Inter- r-American Con-
ference at Mexico City adopted, un-
der Mr.. Stettinius' leadership, a
fairly detailed statement looking
to the promotion of international
news gathering and transmission
and the American delegation has
regarded that as a basis for possible
action here. This possibility is still
omen
Evening star., 1945-05-16
Justice Roberts Hits
Dumbarton Oaks Plan
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
FREDERICK, Md, May 16.-
Supreme Court Justice Roberts said
last night that the Dumbarton Oaks
plan and what is evolving at the
San Francisco Conference were
"just watered-down version of the
old League of Nations"
Speaking at a meeting of two
Frederick County church groups, the
Supreme Court justice said that the
United States must be willing to
sacrifice some of its national sover-
eighty to a central authoritarian
power with full military backing"
If we expect to have a warless future.
He said it was the duty of Amer
lea, Great Britain, France and
Holland to educate others to a COM
plete democracy" and to say to
Russia, I'VE will join a federation
if your government is given into
the hands of your people"
Justice Roberts said that the
fallacy of the Dumbarton Oaks plan
was that its police power depended
on each nations supplying troops
and that any one or two big nations
could throw monkey wrench" into
its machinery by Withdrawing.
"Wishful thinking won't win the
war-buying bonds will do much
Evening star., 1945-05-16

1t already has been decided by
the Conference Committee that the
number of judges shall be Is, as in
the old World Court. Also, it has
been decided that the court, new or
old, shall sit at the Hague, at least
temporarily, where the old court
held forth. It's quarters will be in
the Carnegie Peace Palace there.
The judges of the old court were
Evening star., 1945-05-16
Definition Of Free Speech
Offered by Stettinius
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
SAN FRANCISCO, May 16.-Sec-
retary OF State Stettinius said yes
terday the United States Security
Conference delegation interprets
freedom of speech to include free
dom of the press, freedom of in
formation and freedom of communi-
cations"
He gave that definition in a news
conference statement explaining
what the delegation had in mind
when it joined other big power rep
resentatives here in sponsoring in
clusion of the -four freedoms" in
Evening star., 1945-05-16
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
DETROIT, May 16-Gen. Joseph
w. Stilwell took his first ride yes
terday in Americas mightiest tank
the M-26 General Pershing," at
the Chrysler Corp. tank arsenal.
After the ride, the general told
officers who fought with him
against the japanese in Burma and
China, That baby really will put
a crimp in those devils"
Gen. StilWell, Army Ground
Forces commander, said following
his tour of war factories, I'D rather
see Detroit than a worlds fair any
day" ,
Coincident with the tryout, the
Fisher body division of General
Motors Corp. announced hitherto
secret details of the tank, which in
clude thicker armor, a high-velocity
Comm. gun with "muzzle brake y
and improved traction.
Described by Robert P. Patterson,
Undersecretary of War, as the most
powerful tank we have ever built" I"
Evening star., 1945-05-16
Selected for Marine Corps

William H. Peck, Quarters No. /,
Washington Marine Barracks, a
member Of the 1916 class at the
Naval Academy, is among 81 class
members who have been selected for
appointments as second lieutenants
In the Marine Corps upon qualif1-
cation, Academy officials announced
today.
Evening star., 1945-05-16
ADVERTISEMENT.
Give
Your Feet An
Ice-Mint Treat

Get Happy. Ceoins Relied Fee
Burning CaRsasss-Pus Spring n Ysu Step
Don't sroan about tired, burning feet.
Don't moan about canouses. Get busy and
rive them An Ice-Mint treat. Feel the COM
fortinr. soothing coolness OF Iee-Mint dri~.
ing out 6ery burning aching tiredness;
Rub Iee.Mint over those ugly hard Old
eorns and eaIlouses, as directed. See bow
white, cream-fke, medicinal Iee-Mtnt helps
soften them up. Get foot happy tooay e0s
Ies-Mint way. At an drugyists.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25
Army Air Medal Awarded
Posthumously To Orreu

The Air Medal, with two Oak
Leaf clusters, awarded posthumous-
ly to S-Sgt. Claude D. Orrell, son
of the late Claude D. Orrell and
Matte Orrell Wright, of Whining
ton, has been received by his moth
err. at her home 206 North Seventh
street.
The medal and clusters were pre-
scented for "meritorious and heroic
conduct while engaged in aerial
combat operations over enemy tar
gets during April, May and June,
1914, and the destruction Of one
enemy aircraft on his final mis-
sion, June 6, 1914"
S-Sgt. Orrelfs mother previously
had received the Purple Heart for
her son, together with the Presi-
dental Citation, given for valor and
heroism while in action against the
enemy.
He was nose turret gunner on a
Liberator bomber, and was attach
ed to the 18th Air Force, stationed
in Italy. He was killed during COM
bat with enemy fighters while on
a mission over the Ploesti oil fields
in Romania. He is buried in the
American cemetery near Bari.
Italy, on the Adriatic coast.
S-Sgt. Orrell was 81 years old
and was a graduate of New Han
over High school, class of 1912
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25

BUY WARBONDs AND sTAups
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25
Motorists May Deduct
State Gasoline Taxes

North Carolina motorists may
deduct on their Federal Income
tax returns this year the money
they paid out in state gasoline
taxes in 1914, Coleman R. Rob.
erts, president of the Carolina
Motor club, announced yesterday
The state tax rate is six cents per
gallon.
ut must be added" the motor
club official said, that any de.
auctions, whether based on state
gasoline tax or on other items,
may be only when the taxpayer
reports his income in detail on
form 1910. In the main, no deduct.
ions may be claimed by those who
file a withholding receipt as a
return, or who use form 1910 and
take advantage of the tax table OF
standard deduction. The blanket
allowance granted in the latter
cases is deemed to be sufficient
to cover allowable personal de.
ductions,"
A detailed listing Of deductible
items has been prepared by the
American Automobile Association
and supply Of copies is on hand
at the offices Of the Carolina
Motor club for the benefit OF
motorists in making their returns.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25

front of the Wharves at Hatteras.
General navigation is expected to
be benefited by this Improvement
as we'll as the services of the Coast
Guard, Weather Bureau and Ma
tional Park Service.
Waterway conn e citing Swan
Quarter Canal to a basin eight feet
deep at the head of the canal near
Swan Quarter. The town of swan
Quarter has no railway facilities
and the Improvement is expected
to effect substantial savings by
eliminating delays in the shipment
of farm products.
Neuse and Trent Rivers, ST., 1000
to provide at New Bern a boat
basin 500 feet long and $50 feet wide
and repair basin 300 feet Tong and
220 feet wide at the adjacent boat
works, with access channels 80
feet wide to each basin, all to a
depth of eight feet at mean low
water. The cost of this improve
ment is $4,000, which includes a
local contribution of $500. The
work is required to provide for
added safety and convenience OF
fishing boats and recreational
craft.
Channel connecting Thorough
fare Bay and Cedar Bay, $4,000
to provide a depth of seven feet
Waterway connecting Pamlico
sound and Beaufort harbor, $685.
900 to provide channels seven feet
deep and rs feet wide, located near
the east and west ends of Harkers
Island respectively, and for side
channel IS feet wide and five feet
deep to and including basin OF
the same depth. $50 feet long and
100 feet in width at Davis. Saving
in time of commercial fishermen
going to and from the fishing
grounds, the permitting of heavier
loading of boats and avoidance OF
groundings with possible loss of
catch is expected to be effected
by the work.
Another improvement of the
same waterway is proposed to
provide for dredging a side channel
rs feet wide and seven feet deep
from that depth in Core Sound
to and including a turning basin
of the same depth, 200 feet wide
and 500 feet long at Sealevel. The
estimated cost is $4,000, of which
$1,000 will be contributed by local
interests.
Channel from Back sound to
Lookout blight, $4,000 to provide
for a dredged channel seven feet
deep and 100 feet wide from deep
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25

water in the Sound to deep water
in the ocean. 1t is believed that
this improvement will provide
safe and convenient channel for
large fleet of Menhaden boats.
Beaufort harbor, $4,000 to pro-
vide for the enlargement of the
existing basin at Beaufort. 1t is
expected that this will relieve the
congestion now prevalent in the
harbor; facilitate maneuvering of
vessels using the inland waterway
and encourage greater use of the
harbor by othe rcraft.
Inland waterway, Beaufort to
the Cape Fear river, $24.000sto pro-
vide for the construction of six
mooring basins along the main
channel Of the inland waterway at
points north and south of Morehead
City, and in the vicinity of Swans
boro, Peru, Seabreeze and Fish
Factory.
In the same bill, preliminary ex-
aminations and surveys of the
following localities were author
lied:
Channel from the Thoroughfare
to Albemarle sound, either by way
OF lower Cashie river, Middle river
and Bachelors Bay, or by way of
any other route.
Purviance Creek, New Hanover
county.
When the bill becomes a law,
these two examinations will be re-
ferred to the appropriate district
engineer for examination and re-
port. Hearings will be held for in
terested parties to submit their
views and 70 state what improve
ments are desired.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25
REDS WITHIN 80
MILES OF DANZIG
Continued from Page One)

Continued from Page One)
enigsberg. besieged East Prussian
capital
The assault on Breslau, Ger
many's eighth largest city OF o3o,'
600 population, mounted in lnten'
sity and an enemy broadcast SAID
that in A wild melee in the streets
one Soviet force had penetrated to
the ghborhood of the German
barracks deep inside the city be-
fore being thrown bcak to 1.-The out
er town ring.
Berlin said the Russians were
using several army corps AND
that these had been ordered to take
the important industrial ana com.
munications city quickly and avolc
long siege. Russian artillery bar.
RACES had been stepped up, anc
Berlin acknowledged that German
nests inside Breslau had been Wip'
ed out by the Russians.
Savage Resistance
A Nazi garrison believed *
number 100000 men fought saw
agely to hold Breslau and delay
the Russian advances on Berlin
and Dresden.
Marshal X. X. Rokossovsky'
Second White Russian Army at
lacking on 70-mile front gained
up to seven miles from their pre-
vious positions, capturing 10 local
tiles in the Polish corridor ane
| in Pomerana on the west.
Thanking the Vistula river towl
of Gniew one Soviet group seizee
Dzierzazno, four miles east o
Gniew and 80 miles south OF tn
former free city of Danzig. In thi
area the Russians were within
eight miles of the border OF Dan
zig territory and were attacking
toward the 10way road and raj
junction of Starogard on the Ger
lin.Canzi2 trunk railway.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25
Egyptian Premier
Slain After Nation
Enters War On Axis
Continued from Page One)

Continued from Page One)
Although the war has been fought
On Egyptian soil, the country never
was belligerent.
The agreement dissolving the
British protectorate over Egypt in
1896 ended British military occupa-
ton of the country, but British in
terests in the defense of the Suez
canal were maintained, permitting
full use of Egyptian bases by the
British when the Germans invaded
North Africa.
Rommers eastward advanc s
carried we'll inside the western
border Of Egypt and within less
than go miles of Alexandria, but it
was the British army, not the
Egyptian, which defended the
country and subsequently drove the
Germans back.
The decision Of Egypt and other
nations of the Middle East, like
that OF Turkey, is explained in
diplomatic circles to be the result
of the Big Three agreement max
ing a declaration of war on the
Axis condition of participation in
the United Nations meeting at San
Francisco April Is.
For Egypt the question became
complicated with internal politics
and opposition groups were fight
ing the war declaration. A vote
was not necessary under Egyptian
law, however, and the premier re-
commended that the king declare
war by decree.
The parliament was convened at
$50 D. M, and Ahmed Maher made
brief statement reviewing the
reasons for the government action,
then formally read the royal
decree.
He was heard in absolute silence.
Concluding. he stepped from the
speakers dais and walked toward
a corridor.
A newspaper photographer halted
him, asking that he pose in the
doorway. At that instant young
man stepped close, produced a
pistol and fired into the premier's
body at point-blank range.
The widest tunult ensued. Scores
of deputies rushed ito the corridor
as the premier sank to the floor. A
well-known Egyptian physician,
Ally 1brahim Pasha, who was seat
ed in the chamber, went to the pre-
mier's side, but death occurred be-
fore he could stanch the flow of
blood.
1t was made known that -egArd-
less of the assassination, the de-
cree placing Egypt at war stands
as read.
The cabinet issued a formal an
nouncement of the death, express
ing its sorrow and declaring, "a
criminal hand has assassinated
him. He died while carrying out
his duty in the service and to the
glory of his homeand and his king"
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25
Jewish Appeal Near
$4,000 Goal Here

The $4,000 local goal Of the
United Jewish Appeal is being
neared, according to latest reports.
Credit for part of this success
is given to group meetings held
in the homes of Sam Berger, chair
man of the Initial Gifts committee,
and Abe D'Lugin and William
Block, members of the executive
committee. B. Kingoff is general
chairman of the Appeal. and B.
May is co-chairman of the Initial
Gifts committee.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25
sUNLAY, FEBRUARY %, 1o,s

wa by instrument, But crav,
Der could see great coInron. |-' y.
sm&e rising above the cloud IsrOI
at 1000 feet. wv layer
Although the Luftwsfte assi,
fallee to challenge the Allied rsis
ers' bur bombers and II figbta ,1.
1ailea o return from the American
missios. ~ dr
The U.-Boat targets were ~.
Hlohm md Voss at Hamburg and
the Deshimag yards at Brerosn -4
two of he biggest in Gern,.nr
produclns the latest type Of sub'
marine witch is fitted with an ".ir
mast to enable the unders OH,
craft to echarge their batta Sess
without sufacing. ''7- les
--V-
Div WA
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25
HEARINGS PLANNED
ON ELECTION RULES
Continued from Page One)

Continued from Page One)
agreement that had arisen as TO
the legal effect of the referendum
under the 1943 act.
Scheduled for introduction to the
General Assembly this week by
Mr.. LeGrand is the amendment to
the City Pension act that would
provide benefits for employees OF
the Associated Charities, Alcoholic
Beverage Control board, and Will
mington public health nurses, ne
said.
Presented last Thursday by him
was an act enabling city and coun-
ty to rebate taxes assessed against
the American Legion home. 1t is
now being held by t h Finance
committee, as MIR. LeGrand Is
awaiting word of approval from
the city and county He said he
had been informed the bill had
been endorsed by the two govern
ing bodies, but that later he learn
ed through the press that the coun
ty had disapproved the measure
In connection with bill receiv-
ed by him to enable the City Coun
Gil to relieve churches from pay
ing street paving assessments, Mr.
LeGrand said he had asked the
local minister presenting it to him
to obtain approval first from the
Council.
Pointing out that he had just beer
presented the item of Legislation
that would allow the city and coun
ty to set up a domestic relation:
courts, he said he would "have tt
study it before I render a deci
sion."
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25
Bombers Blast Oil
Plants, Ship Yards
CONTINUED from Page One)

resses and Liberators and 500 Mus
tank fighters of the Eighth Air
Force. They blasted oil refineries
at Misburg near Hanover, Ham.
burg and Hamburg and submarine
construction yards at Bremen and
Hamburg.
Later in the day, Raj bombers,
escorted by British Spitfires and
Mustangs, hit synthetic oil plant
at Kamen near Dortmund in anoth.
er unrelenting blow at Nazi fuel
supplies which already are crically
scarce.
Most of the target areas were
covered by clouds and bombing
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25

Pidgin English is often used in
official documents, especially in
New Guinea.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-06-01

has suffered and if it were not for
the aid given by the State of Ohio,
there really wouldn't be any Will
berforce left. The AME Church
certainly has made no consistent
effort to give this its oldest school
adequate support or intelligent,
prudent management. 1t now seems
unwilling to go along when its
president is trying to accomplish
this.
The parents who send their chill
dren to Wilberforce, the people who
furnish the money the AME Church
raises for the school, and the alumni
who are trying to exemplify its
highest training, are all sorely tired
of the constant fighting and bicker-
ing. They want, to be proud of
Wherefore and see it grow.
What has been going on at Will
berforce is not befitting Christian,
intelligent and honest men. Let's
stop this farce and all pull together
for the common good of all and the
best interest of Wilberforce.-
Cleveland Call-Post.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-06-01
Mothers Day Message
to Mrs. E. w. Lee

Dear Nom: hope Mothers Day
found you very we'll and happy,
here it was beautiful. Not only
outside but in my heart and soul.
Just the thought of being out of
danger, knowing l could go to
church without carrying a gun, sun
shining, and all around US seemed
contented, yes Nom, all was well,
l enjoyed a very good sermon.
After church l walked around a
bit looking over the country side.
Along the famous Outer Bon High
way it was packed with folks NOV
ing, strolling, plus the flock going
to their small lakes for a dip.
Well, here's another Mothers
Day" and for you--two sons away
on foreign soil-this one was con-
tented to know he could say his
prayers for the sweetest Nom, in
the world; contented to know she
was still alive, praying for US boys
to return. How could do anything
else, "Thank God" for sparing US ?
Well, Nom, 1 hope the flowers
came in time. We, Sgt. Morton
and 1, were figuring the time up.
1t was three in the afternoon here
and about nine in the morning at
home SO maybe you hadn't received
them yet.
It's almost time for me to go see
this show we are having, if / don't
hurry I'll have to stand. Give my
love to all the folks.
Eddie Lee,
Still Across the Rhine
Hanover, Germany.