Evening star., 1945-04-25

which might endanger final agree
ment OF the United Nations on the
international organization for peace
In this connection, the statement
says France would be ready on her
part, to commit herself even further
than the Dumbarton Oaks plan and
to cor.Sent to greater limitations of
sovereignty, in exchange for better
international organization. But she
admits that during the period which
will follow the war, the maintenance
OF peace depends above all on the
agreement of the great powers. She
will take care, therefore, to propose
nothing which could compromise
such an agreement"
French Amendments.
The first amendment offered by
the French is in accord with the
proposal advance by China. 1t pro-
vides that in Chapter I dealing with
the purposes of the organization,
paragraph l should read: ITO
maintain international peace and
security dn accordance with right
and JUSTICE. The words in paren-
thesis constitute the amendment
proposed.
Another amendment proposed by
the French deals with the Security
Council voting formula and reads
as follows:
| Section C-Voting.
I Paragraph l. To maintain and
re-establish peace and international
security. the Security Council shall
proceed, depending upon the case,
either by means of 'recommenda-
tions or by means of decisions The
recommendations shall be adopted
by a majority of the members of the
council. The decisions shall be taken
by qualified majority Gncluding
a unanimous vote of the permanent
members of tWo-thirds In case the
council should not succeed in adopt
ing resolution, members of the
organization reserve the right to
act as they will judge necessary in
the interest of peace, right and JUS
tice.'
| In explanation of this amendment,
the French statement said:
Without overlooking the element
OF weakness which the rule of unan-
unity carries for an institution. the
French government admits that it is
not possible in the present state of
affairs to set in motion the entire
machinery of the international Or
ganization against the will of one
OF the permanent members of the
council of security.
1T is fitting, therefore. in it's opin-
ion, to distinguish in connection with
the method of voting between the
recommendations of the council and
its decisions, the former not provid-
ing for recourse to the use of force.
The French government suggests
that the recommendations be adopt
ed by majority without qualifica-
ton of tWo-thirds Of the members
of the council. The qualified ma
Jority of two-thirds IA majority in
Guiding unanimity of the permanent
members) would, on the other hand
be required in the case of decisions. :"
Dulles Halls Russia's Action.
John Foster Dulles, an adviser to
t he American delegation, who
worked with Gov Thomas E. Dewey
in the last presidential campaign,
interpreted Russia's acceptance of
the Chinese proposals as the best
indication yet that the Russians
want the conference to succeed.
He and some others had feared
that the Soviets might insist on
keeping the Dumbarton Oaks plan
unchanged. He viewed the agree
ment on justice and legality as hav-
ing great appeal both to the smaller
nations and to religious and other
groups in this country.
Two sections of the Dumbarton
Oaks plan remained to be filled
The conference will receive a report
from the recent Committee of Jur-
lists meeting in Washington on
formation of an international court
of justice, and the Big Five have to
perfect plan for trusteeships for
former enemy territories of the two
World Wars and for any colonial
territory that may be voluntarily
added
Mr.. Stettinius said yesterday the
United States delegation had agreed
on trustee plan. This is a compro-
mise reported satisfactory to the
Army and Navy, as we'll as the State
Department. 1t calls for interna-
tional supervision of trusteed terri
tories except that where one power
establishes a military base it would
enjoy exclusive control of the base
area.
Chairman Connally of the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee, who
arrived yesterday as a delegate, said
the United States delegation also
tentatively favors proposal to per-
NIT the world assembly of the pro-
1ected peace-keeping organization
to discuss-but not to alter-exist-
ing treaties when their terms
seemed to threaten war.
Proposed Changes.
Almost every delegation has some
changes in mind for the Dumbarton
i Oaks plan. but few of the small
) nation representatives actually ex-
pect to put up stiff fights. Here are
some alterations being discussed:
i l. Foreign Minister Paul Henri
Spaak of Belgium says it is ESSEN
tial in case OF emergency" that re-
gional organizations Qike the Pan
American Union) have power to use
, force without reference to the World
Security Council.
). 2. Herbert v. Evatt, Australian
minister Of external affairs, served
notice he would demand that the
Big Five be denied the right to veto