Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-05-09
Security
Continued From First Page.)

authority. But no enforcement &C
ton should be taken under region
al arrangements or by regional
agencies without the authorization
of the Security Council"
Amendment Added.
The Big -Four have added to this
the following amendment:
With the exception of measures
against enemy states in this war
provided for pursuant to chapter
XII, paragraph 2, or in regional
arrangements directed against re-
newal of aggressive policy on the
part of such states, until such time
as the organization may, by consent
of the governments concerned, be
charged with the responsibility for
preventing further aggression by a
state now at war with the United
Nations"
The question which arises is
whether further exemption shall
be made to cover action by the
American republics in conformity
with the Chapultepec agreements.
Such an exemption is strongly de-
manded by some of the Latin Amer
lean republics, which, insist that the
Americas, through their own re-
gional arrangement, should have
full authority to deal with threats
to peace in the Western Hemisphere.
For example, if Argentina should
attack or threaten to attack neigh
boring country, the republics would
take measures to maintain or restore
peace without having to go to the
Security Council to obtain authority
to act.
The matter was brought up at the
Mexico City Conference, where the
Chapultepec agreements were en-
tered into. The United States de-
clined to accede to this demand.
Members of the American delega-
ton here realize that this is
touchy question, and might be used
with effect by opponents of adher-
ence to the United Nations organi-
cation when the treaty comes be-
fore the Senate. However, to insist
on this exemption would be to weak
en- the world organization, and pave
the way to unrestrained action by
regional arrangements in other parts
of the world. In fact, it would be
an invitation to such arrangements.
Compromises Suggested.
Various compromises are suggest
ed The Soviet Union has concluded
treaties of mutual assistance, to pre-
vent renewal of aggression on the
part of Germany, with Britain,
France, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia
and Poland. These treaties run for
a period of 20 years Similar treaties
are feasible between other countries,
Britain and France, for example.
The exemptions agreed to by the
Big Four cover these regional ar
lrangements.
One compromise plan proposes
that the Americas shall be exempt
ed from prohibition against action
on their own initiative if anything
arises to disturb the peace in the
Western Hemisphere for a period of
20 years, or until the governments
concerned feel that the United Ma
tons security organization is really
| in position to undertake the task
of preventing aggression as laid
down in the Chapultepec agree
ments.
Another would allow the United
Nations organization to exert it's au-
thority for period of, say, 10 years,
as now written in the charter. If
this procedure failed, then the issue
would go back to the Chapultepec
regional arrangement for dealing
with matters that threaten peace.
Also being discussed is a pro-
posal that the World Council be
given supreme authority over the Pan
American system, but be instructed
to delegate to it the power to en-
force peace in strictly regional
disputes in this hemisphere.
| The issue promises more and more
to make itself felt during the con-
ference, unless the Latin American
nations and some of mr. ouyr, r,nor,le