davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-02-26

expectde to influence NWLB's de-
cision on the petition.
No official statement on the case
was forthcoming from the war de-
partment although spokesman
indicated that the main concern is
to avoid any interruption of pro-
duction. If continuance of produc-
ton can be guaranteed, he limited,
there will probably be no opposi-
ton to granting the petition.
The specific provisions protested
by the union establish wage diff
ferences for white and Negro work
ers and, according to the petition
"the highest limit Of the colored
(pay) range is less than the lowest
limit of the white (pay) range"
Also in the picture is the FEPC,
central office spokesman for the
agency here admitting that investi-
cation of complaints against the
company had been conducted. The
outcome of these Investigations was
not disclosed.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-02-26
POWELL ASKS CONGRESS
TO UNSEAT RANKIN

WASHIN GTON, Feb. 26
(ANP).-John E. Rankin Of Mis-
issippi got into a fist fight on the
floor of the house of representa-
tives here-but not with Rep. Adam
Clayton Powell Jr., of New York.
Rep. Frank E. Hook d., Mich }
was the Mississippian's fistic op-
ponent in a brief, no-decision con-
test which followed a bitter verbal
exchange.
Powell actively entered the after
math of the affair however, by re-
leasing a vigorous denunciation of
the southern congressman and call
ing for his remvoal from the house.
Supporters of Rankin, led by
Rep. Eugene Cox d., Ga.) held
slight time edge of the Hook-Powell
group with a previous announce
ment by Cox that a resolution call
ing for his removal from the house.
house on the grounds that he had
inulted Rankin had already been
introduced for early vote consid-
GRAFTON. However, charges were
dropped when Hook and Rankin
apologized.
Powell, who with the rest of the
body witnessed the heated debate
between Hook on one side, Rankin
and Rep. Clare E. Hoffman (R.,
Mich.) on the other, about commun-
ism in the army, the CIO-PAC and
FEPC, accused Rankin, in his
statement, of being the aggressor.
Cox, in announcing the expulsion
resolution against Hook, declared
that Hook had hurled profanity at
Rankin and that it had been re-
corded by the clerk.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-02-26

Said Powell, '"The attack on the
floor of congress by John E. Ran
kin of Mississippi on Frank E.
Hook of Michigan proves every
thing | have said. The time has ar
rived to impeach Rankin or expel
him from the Democratic party. He
said earlier in congress that he
would not sit by me- He is only good
enough to sit by Hitler-and even
he (Hitler) would object. The ma
jority of the southern congressman
and senators, along with us of the
north, are not going to tolerate an
American fascist like Rankin. The
hour has arrived for we of the house
of representatives to stop coddling
him, put him out of the house and
get on with the business of winning
the war, winning the peace, and
building a peoples America"
Hook later denied using profan-
ity although admitting calling the
Mississippi congressman altar"
He did not hit the southerner either,
he said, merely having held him off,
although Rankin was trying to pull
his hair. Comparing their respec-
tive ages (Rangin is 63, Hook, 51)
the Michigan representative, who
served four previous terms in the
house and was returned in the last
elections after losing out in 1912,
and who served about nine months
as regional director for FEPC in
the Washington office, declared his
regard for Rankin's age would not
have permitted him to strike the
southerner.
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-05
FAIR ENOUGH

longer decent wage, but in
many areas il is still sufficient.
And the reason why il is paltry
in some regions is that, from
the beginning of the war boom.
Franklin d. Roosevelt refused
10 consider the suspension OF
the 40-hour week even though
there was work enough 10 keep
all the available talent busy all
day Saturday and overtime on
other days. Instead. overtime
was paid for hours in excess OF
40 a week. including double
time for Sundays and bonuses
for certain inconvenlent shifts.
The result was that the labor
costs OF the war effort we're
greatly increased.
INITIATION naturally re-
l. suited, notwithstanding the
control Of rents and some other
prices. The luxury trades had a
great boom. one beneficiary
being a highly patriotic dealer
in trash jewelry in a small city
where am acquainted. He sold
chip diamonds, cheap watches
and novelty Junk at high prices
on the instalment plan to fac
tory workers and young sol
dlers at rates of interest which
amounted 10 usury.
There were no ceilings on
most of his merchandise and he
had all the business he could
accommodate. But ne is a firm
believer in renegotistion lest
profiteering contractors grow
rich through the bloody sacrifice
of the same brave boys who were
buying his engagement rings
and shiny little jewelry service
insignia for their mothers.
One excuse for the continual
ton Of the 40-hour week, which
was job-stretching service
adopted during Mr.. Roosevelt's
depression, was that the workers
would be enabled 10 save enough
money to tide them over the
transition period. They were
going TO buy war bonds and put
away all their overtime earn
ings.
WHEN the war ended they
w were going 10 draw on this,
and the dole which Mr.. Truman
now proposes in de luxe figures
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-05
Would Make Play Ostrich
CENATOR JOHNSON, Democrat

CENATOR JOHNSON, Democrat
}, of Colorado, made serious error
of Judgment the other day when be-
fore the Senate finance committee he
suggested cancellation of the $l1,-
000, 600, 900 Indebtedness to the
treasury of our World War I Allies.
Mr.. Johnson justified his recon-
mendation on the ground that the
debts were uncollectable and that it
would be good to start out with
"clean slate, u
It would be regrettable if the
government followed Senator John
sons glib advice.
To do so would be to deprive the
American people of the benefit OF
their experience, which can be a
guide to action in the future.
To alter the record and eliminate
the black marks of default would
leave our people more susceptible
than otherwise to further exploration
by foreign theorists and propaganda
lists.
EOR example, at the Breton
Il Woods monetary and financial
conference last July, Lord John
Maynard Keynes, at press confer
ence, was fulsome with recommenda
tions that the United States after
this war again correct the interna-
tional balance of payments with
dollar loans
When it was protested that such
type of loans did not fare well after
the last war, Lord Keynes, with
amazing sophistry, countered that
the loans were not set up well be
cause "your bond statesmen were too
eager"
Though the American bond sales
men or investment bankers may have
made mistakes in connection with
privately placed foreign loans, their
frailties had no bearing whatsoever
on the default on the intergovern
mental loans which the senator from
Colorado wants to extinguish from
the record.
The dramatic gesture Which the
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-05
WHAT DO YOU KNOW?

Of Orange; (c) Henry Of
Navarro
. Nearer My God 10 Thee"
was written by A (s) child,
lbl man. (c) woman
3-Mayhcm is: (aD burning a
building 10 collect insurance,
Cbl manning a person so he
can't defend himself. (c)
giving information TO the
enemy?
A lorgnette is: (al a hos
pital for leprosy, (b) small
nocturnal animal. (c) eye-
glasses with long handle?
5-I'he island Of AnticoSti is at
the mouth of the: (a)
Thames River. (b) St Law
renee River, tc) Nile River7
6-Fill each blank in these
story titles with the name Of
an ANIMAL: ca The Ugly
......," tbl "Androcles and
~. the ....% (c) "Belling the
.....' Id The ......
and the Grapes. (e) Little
Red Riding Hood and the
..,....
ANSWERS on Opposite Page)
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-05
BY Westbrook
Pegler

would be unnecessary. Now.
however, il appears that very
little OF this inflationary pay
was saved and that il would be
unwise. anyway. 10 make IL
necessary for such workers 10
dump their bonds in order 10
live. This would depress the
bonds.
Mr.. Truman seems 10 have
ignored the great treasures of
the unions which collected not
mere millions but billions from
most of these workers. This was
possible under an arrangement
with the government OF which
he was part and the party Of
which he is now the head
whereby such payments were
compulsory. Initiation fees IN
many cases were $500 and fees
OF 5000, 500 and $50 were
common.
MOST OF the workers who paid
A'A these fees were Just robbed
as Mr.. Truman, of course,
knows. because he was the chair
man of a committee which in
vestigated all sorts OF thievery
and graft. AS soon as their ini-
tiation fees were paid up in
weekly instalmentS. they were
fired. New victims were then
taken on the pay rolls. who. in
-tUrr, were swindled md laid off.
That loot n 'intlSlS, ~ne is
no suggestion that>u>,. anious
help TO tide over the displaced
workers or that any part of the
graft be taken by taxes TO pay
the unemployment pensions pro-
posed by President Truman.
There are some further points
worth consideration which l
shall remind you of in tomor-
rows message TO humanity.
Copyright. ls4s. BY United Festur,, synd.
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-05

S neteQ0tiOn.
What is delegation ?"
1t is, in the matter of our Congress,
the continuous abdication of its own con-
stitutional powers and the conferring OF
those powers on executive and bureau
cratic government officials.
That has become chronic with the
Congresses Of the United States since
1888
Delegation of power in certain ex-
instances on the part OF our
national Legislature is legitimate.
But Congress is elected by the people
to assume certain responsibilities limited
by the Constitution.
This is in itself an act Of fundamental
and nontransferable delegation on the
part of the people.
IF THE makers of the Constitution had
i desired this act Of ultimate delegation
to be passed on to irresponsible execu-
tives and bureaucrats it would not have
created Congress with such definitely
expressed powers.
1t would have put DIRECTLY into
the hands Of the executive and his ap-
pointees all power of legislation, and thus
we should have had Fascist government
from the beginning.
But the founding fathers decreed
democratic republic, and the people said
yes"
The latest delegation Of power on a
great scale is contained in the extension
Of the Hull reciprocity treaties" for
three years.
CONGRESS HERE PRACTICALLY
ABANDONS IT'S RIGHT TO BE MAS
TER OF TARIFF RATES.
Arbitrary Juggling with tariff rates
might destroy our whole economic system.
CONGRESS puts the constitutional
~ power of laying duties in the hands
the President and his advisers.
As passed by the House this jack-on-
a-stick tariff bill actually gives the Presi-
dent the right to arbitrarily cut duties
so per cent on merchandise entering the
country.
This delegated power-in view of the
number of delegations Of power that have
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-05

the races were held7 a
hnt-the name is IN the
first line Of the university
song.
5--lf YOU were Cncrvatcd YOU
would ne tal tired and weak.
(bl full Of pep, tc) ner-
vously excited
6-Foochow. a Chinese port in
the news recently, IS located
near what Japanese island?
Winston ChurchlllS mother
was an American. What was
her maiden name7
6-DoeS nitrogen or oxygen
more readily support COM
huSiOp =?
(Answers on Opposite Page
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-05
DRESIDENT TRUMAN has

DRESIDENT TRUMAN has
propose unemployment
pensions Of at least S25 a week,
if not more, for certain classes
of civilians who may be unable
10 find jobs or unwilling to
work. for 26 weeks per year
and, presumably for more than
one year, during the transition
period The language in which
he expressed this proposal is
his first resort TO that tricky
double-talk which was the ma
tive tongue of the New Deal.
Mr.. Truman is neither illiterate.
inarticulate nor naive, so IL
must be assumed that he delib-
erately balled-up his proposal
for a purpose.
Here is what he said in his
message to Congress:
Every eligible worker should
be entitled to 20 weeks of bene-
fits In any ono year II his un-
employment continues that long.
The maximum payment, at
least for the worker who has
dependents, should he raised
from tho present levels to not
less than $25 q week."
A r A CARELESS reading that
"A might suggest flat S25
week for all hands for at least
two periods of one half-year
each. That would be a total of
$500 a client. But we must
try TO weigh the word "eligiOle."
Eligibility is fixed by state laws,
and not many Of these laws
would ordinarily regard AZ
eligible for such relief person
who refused work at S25
week However, if a minimum
of S25 is a mere dole then no.
body can be expected to work
for that pay. And most in
dividuals would rather be idle
on S25 than work for S35 in
which case the actual pay for
the job would be reckoned at
only $40 week.
Now we find him recommend
ing that the maximum pay
ment" be raised to not less than
S25 a week for the worker with
dependents. In other words, he
would be pleased il the pension
were even higher. perhaps $50
or SIS. That scale Of income
would be taxable under the in
come tax laws of the nation and
most states, II il were earned by
work or the investment of saw
ingS. But we never tax doles,
so a relefer living in idle ease
in one house on a street, and
spending 70 weeks a year fish
ing or golfing. would go untaxed.,
The man next door who worked
for his living at the same rate
OF income. or less. would pay
taxes for the loafer's support.
ME MAY assume that the re-
w lief client in this case has
been paying income tax during
the war boom. Now he is going
TO get il all back an d much
more. We must consider. also.
the temptation TO his wife, who
has been self-supporting during
the war boom, 10 give up her
job. too. and become "depen-
dent" again in order that the
head Of the family may qualify
for the unemployment pension
Al the highest rate, which is not
necessarily S25 a week, but
might be $50 or SIS.
Now. Of course. in many in
dustrial areas SIS q week Is no
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-05
BEHIND
THE News
BY Paul
Mallon

WASHINGTON, June 42Qhe
w Wagner plan 10 insure all
phases Of human existence from
prenatal care To old age was TO
have been launched with a mes
sage from President Truman.
In advance. word had been
passed around by Senator Wag-
ner that such a social security
message was coming from the
White House. Instead. Mr..
F aman- sent word for an
emergency increase in the un-
employment insurance allow
ance, but said nothing about
the broader cradle 10 grave
scheme, except 10 mention IT.
No one is in a hurry about
either idea. House Ways and
Means Chairman Doughton is
saying his committee will be so
busy with other matters it can
not get around 10 consideration
OF the Wagner legislation before
fall. II is generally predicted in
Congress that IL will not be
enacted until next year, If then.
A GENUINE basis for resist
"A ance exists in this case.
/ suspect the administrations
recalcitrance is probably due 70
Social Security Administrator
Altmeyers suspicion that the
Wagner bill is financially un-
sound.
But the great scope OF the
Wagner idea raises doubt a. 10
whether the people will get out
OF the bill real benefits COM
mensurate with the terrific tax
alton.
Every one speaks of the great
results from federal donations
to the states TO build billions of
dollars of hospitals and health
centers. 10 promote maternal
and child health and public
health. TO give monthly checks
to the aged, blind, dependent
children or others. to furnish
health insurance, unemployment
insurance, retirement pay and
death benefits, as we'll as medi-
cal care.
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-05

senator advocates Wili merely tend
to promote an atmosphere OF un-
reality at a time When knowledge,
experience and practical horse sense
are eminentiy to be desired.
Likewise, the current curbstone
opinions expressed for the defaulters
are subject to challenge.
BETWEEN the two wars, these
~ newspapers pointed out that
Great Britain, for example, as
leading debtor, could extinguish the
debt in part at least through liquida.
tion of her foreign investments.
That this method was technically
feasible has been demonstrated dur
ing World War II when Great Brit
ain actually did sell off her invest
ments in order to get foreign
purchasing power for munitions and
other supplies In addition, Great
Britain has financed herself through
making overdrafts on such associ-
ated peoples as India and Egypt
through U. S. se-lend.
AS we move into the new postwar
era in Europe, the economic prob
lens, in connection with rehabilita-
ton, are difficult and intricate. They
constitute challenge to rigorous
and able thinking.
In the circumstances, Senator
Johnson's Ostrich" device for TAX
ing a look away from the record
would merely weaken us at time
when it behooves us to mobilize our
national wisdom and common sense.
Obviously, instead of facing the
real significance of his recommends
ton, Senator Johnson was looking
for trick to circumvent the Johnson
Act introduced by Hiram Johnson
of California; to prevent private
loans to countries in default on the
war debt.
If the Congress is to turn its
back on the Johnson Act, ii should
face the issue squarely, and not fur
tively, as proposed by the senator
from Colorado.
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-05
IN MENIORIAM

Oh, Master stay the guns and let the dead
Hark to the eulogies humbly sing
And let the bristlng legons overhead
, In Difference cease the cruel slaughterng.
Let them not mock the homage display
As empty or unworthy of race;
For freedom bows before each grave today
While aching memories haunt their resting place
Tell them who struggled through the savage years
Who bartered life upon shell swept plain
That we might live sans bondage lash or fears
Their noble sacrifice not in vain.
Bid them be patient; through the evil night
We still press onward toward Christian goal,
Where man kneels down before the throne of right
And feels the tug of his immortal soul.
Martin F. Owens
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-05
the Pacific War VIGOROUSLY Make the Peace PERMANENTLY Bring Boys Home R0P
Suicide, by Delegation
By BENJAMIN DE CASSERES

preceded it-records tendency which is,
as We said, SUICIDAL in the matter of
constitutional government.
For, be it remembered, delegation of
powers by law-making bodies to execu-
tive control is the FIRST move always
made in the deliberate or conscious trans
formation Of free government into a
dictatorship of Fascist or Communist
pattern.
The delegation of power by the Reichs-
tag to Hitler was the FIRST ACT that
made Germany murderous dictatorship.
The delegation of all powers to Lenin=
and his gang and later to Stain and his
commissars was what had to be done to
make Russia the penitentiary it is today.
Mussolini's Italy as an example Of
delegation" Of power by the Italian Par
lament to II Duce needs no comment.
We see the same technique being used
in this country today.
OUR Congress is partly made up of
" such short-sighted, unimaginative
men that they cannot see that every time
they put the administration of vital laws
into the hands of individuals (many of
them with imported minds) they are
bringing us nearer and nearer to the
totalitarian state
Caesar Augustus transformed Rome
from a republic to a dictatorship not by
abolishing the Senate but by merely hav-
Ing it vote" him the powers he demanded
or else
Snug optimism says "H can't hep
pen here"
But it IS happening here.
THE reciprocal" treaty-making bill
i and the enormous power it confers on
the President are proof of it.
It's sign of democratic fatigue, loss
Of faith I'm our structural laws and
sinister triumph for those Communist and
Fascist plotters at Washington who seek
to achieve by an innocent-loolSing tech
nique what Germany. Italy and Japan
could not accomplish by force Of arms.
Continued delegation of powers on the
part of Congress is, we repeat again,
SUICIDE.
!. there is increasing disrespect=
Congress on the part of the people it is
because Congress is losing its own self
respect.
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-05

TT IS time that the American
L people awoke to the fact
that the Russian government
has completely veiled its actions
in Poland, and al the same time
secured a propaganda hold on
American organs of informa-
ton TO conceal what il is doing
and get support for its own
duplicity.
The e-fttffE record Of Russia'g
treatment of Poland and the
Polish people may never DO
fully revealed.
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-05

NI of the extension of Social
Security to Is million more
people and increase of the bene-
fits, but nowhere did he get
down 10 the financial facts of
the matte. and none of the
published reports have even es-
timated the annual cost.
The proposed tax is to be 3
per cent of the first $500 Of
every ones wages. The technical
experts will tell you this will
cause the people TO pay into
the treasury each year six bill
lions TO seven billions of dollars
more money on a calculated ma
tional income of 10 billions OF
dollars. Roughly speaking / per
cent OF taxes raises $500. 600. 900
annually so the 8 per cent last
year would have cost the people
$4,000, 100000.
Is II economically sound TO
take this much money out of
the workers income and en-
ployers' funds? II the sum is
left TO the employees and en-
ployers. presumably they will
spend il and do some economic
good with it. Their spending will
generate economic initiative,
will furnish pay for other work.
ers and employers TO keep the
economical not hnt1inn
DUT if the federal government
- takes this huge amount
twice as much as it cost the
whole government TO operate in
the Coolidge administration
and puts it in cold fund to be
doled out in drlbletS 10 particu-
lar groups Of people in particu-
lar ways. through a tremendous
welfare bureaucracy, will the
people geneEapV get out of it
as much aSMM in. Every
one pays, feW get benefits.
Behind this scheme are the
labor unions and the New Deal
ers. They are following the
example Of England, where's the
Labor Party has promoted SINH
larly new extensive and expen-
sive social security notions as
the basis Of the great new
postwar world.
These two groups are en-
thusiastic in contemplating the
social results, but think most
congressman look more at the
cost side, and at the prospect
that the average citizen NAV
put into this vast reservoir of
taxation a goodly portion of his
pay every week throughout his
life and may never get out OF
it any worthwhile benefits.
LIE MAY never become un-
III employed. may never need
old age benefits. may be able 10
get his medical care privately,
especially if good wage scale
is maintained among the people.
10 enable him TO meet his direct
needs.
Every one I know has been
paying into the present fund for
years and I do not know per-
sonally single person who ever
got back nickel OF benefits.
These social security theories
were great big world reforming
ideas a few years back, but il
appears the Congress is apt to
take a more appraising view
now than formerly, and there
is no assurance whatever that
the bill will pass in the dimen-
SIonS now proposed.
Furthermore. Mr.. Truman
will have trouble getting his S25
a week (instead Of 500 allow
ance for emergency unemploy-
ment insurance. Congress turned
II down last year tMurray-Kil-
gore billD.
Distributed NJ KinG Features Snyo Inc.
Reproduction In vhol. or in part
strictly prohibited.
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-05
Brain Cane

GIVE yourssH 10 Cor ssrh correct answer
tbTourh ou~stton siH. 40 rsrh for The re-
TraiuinF twe questions. Any score as of
hirher 10 excellent.
by what name IS the frail-
looking. skeletal structure
that rises above the flight
deck OF an aircraft carrier
on the starboard side known
10 navy men?
2-True or false; ta) Sung a
defensive organ Of insects Is
possessed only by the male?
(b) Sterling marked on table
silver means that the metal
is Of a fineness of .925?
@"Othelo' is the title Of a
play now running on Broad.
way. Who IS the author?
Navy crews tnumphed in
the spring d8y regatta At
Cornell University. IttacA
y. y. recently What is the
name Of the water on which
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-05

ANSWERS on Opposite Page)