davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1945-11-29
Decision In
Regard 10
Indians
Indians Must Heed the
Hunting and Fishing
Restrictions
Do NOT REQUIRE A
LICENSE HOWEVER

information has come to light
recently that settles a much debated
question. That question was wheth-
er or not Indians, by right of treaty
had the privilege to fish and hunt
at any time and any place they de-
sired regardless of state law to the
contrary. The information is to the
effect that Indians must obey state
laws regulating fishing and hunting
but that they cannot be required to
purchase fishing and hunting
licenses.
Readers of this newspaper will
remember that in September 1874.
Sheriff Baney arrested Flathead
Indian, Matthias Buckskin, in the
Fisher River district, for having two
deer IN his possession during the
closed season. When the Indian was
brought to trial in Libby, his attor-
ney pleaded the defendants right
to hunt off the reservation and at
any time under terms of treaty Of
1900. Because Of that treaty the
jury acquitted the Indian.
AT that time the Libby Rod and
Gun Club decided it was time to
find out definitely whether or not
such treaty really existed and
Just what rights it accorded the In
dians. Consequently the club presi-
dent, A. J. Agather. wrote to Sena-
tor B. K. Wheeler asking him to in
qulre Of the Commissioner of Indian
Affairs in respect to said treaty.
Whereupon Senator Wheeler re-
ceived letter from the Assistant
Commissioner Of Indian Affairs
which gives the following informa-
ton.
Some years ago a Yakima Indian
was arrested by a Washington state
official for fishing at Cello Falls.
Oregon, IN the closed season. The
Indian claimed right under an early
day treaty to fish as he pleased. The
case was carried to the u. S.
Supreme Court. In the syllabus of
the opinion rendered the following
appears : 80. the State of Wash
ington has the power to impose on
the Indians equally with others
such restrictions of purely regu-
latory nature concerning the time
and manner of fishing outside the
reservation as are necessary for the
conservation Of fish, but it cannot
require them to pay license fees
that are both regulatory and rev.
producing. The letter from
the Assistant Commissioner goes on
to say.
1T is our opinion that the State
has authority to regulate hunting by
Indians off ther reservation equally
With other citizens of the State"
The Flathead Indians do have 4
.reaty with the u. S. government
lated July l6, 1855. Article of that
.reaty reads:
THE exclusive right of taking
'ish in all the streams running
through or bordering said reserva-
ion is further secured to said In
iians, as also the right OF taking
ish at all usual and accustomed
places, in common with citizens Of
ne Territory, and Of erecting tenn
'orary buildings for curing; to-
'ether with the privilege of hunt
ng, gathering roots and berries, and
assuring their horses and cattle
pon open and unclaimed land"
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1945-11-29
LEGION AUXILIARY
MAKES LAP ROBES

The American Legion Auxiliary
met at the home of Mrs. Gladys
Heller this week with Mrs. A. G.
Austin, assisting.
Mrs. ]. A. Krall was presented
with 9 gong away present. Mr.. and
MRS. krall will leave for Spokane
soon to make their home
The remainder Of the time was
taken up with making Of lap robes
and gathering of gifts for the Yanks
in the hospitals.
Mrs. Mauer was elected to this
DUTY but was unable to attend be-
cause OF sprained ankle which
members hope will not incapactate
her too long.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1945-11-29
Deodline For Gifts
December 9Th

The deadline for giving gifts to
the Yanks IS drawing near, with
December being set aside for
wrapping for mailing them.
Remember that it is giving happi-
ness that brings us happiness. The
boxes al the X M. Store and
Miller's Clothing Store are not fill
ing up very fast
The gifts should be in containers
about the size of a shoe box with
the contents printed on the outside.
Also denote whether your package
Is for a G.. |. Jane or a G. |. Joe.
Joe wouldn't have much use for
bobby pins, nor could, Jane wear
Joe's bedroom slippers with much
comfort.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1945-11-29
HOSPITAL NOTES

Mrs A. E. Kessler, Troy, surgical
November "a.
Clarence Vestre, Troy, decorations
Of leg following fall on the ice
November "a.
Mrs. Charles Hurd, Troy, surgical
November "a
Mrs. Ray Cole, medical, Nov. 27.
John Reichert, Troy medical,
Nov. 27.
Discharged:
Mrs. A. Agather, Nov. rs, Mr..
Swanson, Troy, Nov. 20 and Mrs.
Fuller Of Bonner's Ferry, Nov. 20.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1945-11-29
Montana Highway Commission
Promise EorIy Consideration Of
Condemned Bridge at Libby

Commissioner James Mahonev
while in attendance at the recent
state meeting of county commits.
sloners in Butte, met with M. J
Steere, Planning Survey Director
Montana Highway Traffic & Plan
ming Section. The matter of the
Libby bridge across the Kootenai
River, recently condemned by the
county commissioners Of Lincoln
County, was discussed and illustra-
tons of the defective pier were left
with MIR. Steere for further study.
Under date of November Is, the
following letter was received from
the Montana Highway Commission
over the signature Of Mr.. Steere.
Mr.. James Mahoney
County Commissioner,
Libby, Montana.
Dear Mr.. Mahoney.
i am returning to you the pic
lures of the Libby Bridge that you
let me have at Butte, November 13.
The matter will be given consid-
grafton and, as soon as funds are
available, will be corrected Y
One of the pictures, showing the
base OF the concrete pier at the sur
face of the water with an ice foe
at the right resting against it is re-
produced above. The picture shows
the effects Of water erosion and the
grinding Of ice on the pier, the
damage extending through half the
diameter Of the structure. All the
pictures are equally effective in
showing the condition Of the pier
and are the best evidence of the
need for new bridge that could be
presented to the commission.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1945-11-29
GILDEAS PURCHAS STORE
in SPOKANE, Wash.

Mr.. and Mrs. CFts. CT. Teas have
purchased con, alton grocery
and meat market on Attn and Lin
coin IN Spokane according to word
received this week. Their Libby
friends will wish them the best Of
luck IN their new venture.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1945-11-29
CANTATA REHEARSAL
MONDAY NIGHT

Mrs. Oliver Phillips will hold a
rehearsal for the Community
Christmas Cantata in the Commun-
ity Room Of the library on Monday
evening at o'clock.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1945-11-29

The Libby Volunteer Fire Dept
answered two fire alarms the past
week. Chimney fires were put out
at the Joe Mass and Bernard
Schlumm homes.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1945-11-29
WILL REPORT FOR
DISCHARGE SOON

Paul G. Evans, AOM &c. and
wife are here visiting friends and
relatives. Mr. Evans has seen Is
months continuous service at sea on
the USS Yorktown. He rates six
battle stars for major engagements,
third and fifth fleet ribbon, Philip
pine liberation bar, Asiatic-P Pacific
bar and American defense. He will
report to Helena for his discharge
soon
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1945-11-29

Roy Snow left on the bus for
Helena Tuesday where he will be
employed by Wade.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1945-11-29

tuberculosis kills l5l persons in
America every day.
The Western news. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1933-current, 1945-11-29

Continued on page five)
Evening star., 1945-08-26

| HE test OF man or wonan's breeding is how he
behaces in quarrel. -. George Bernard Shaw
Evening star., 1945-08-26

Even today, in l945. serious dis
examinations against women exist in
many states. It's continuing strug-
gle to put women on the same status
with men - before the law.
Now. as voting citizens, women
can point proudly to two political
activities of the last quarter CEN
tury. First, their continuing work
for public welfare and child health.
And second, their self-education as
voters.
Pushed Health Statutes
OF COURSE, women alone have not
been responsible for our achieve
ments in child welfare and public
health legislation during this period.
Yet, behind the sensational decline
in child death rates lies woman's
steady work in preventing infected
milk. insisting upon inoculations.
quarantining contagious diseases,
caring for expectant mothers and
fighting commercial exploiters of
child labor. Thanks to the woman
vote, we have welfare and public
health legislation on today's
statute books.
On matters of political education.
women were frank to admit that
they were practically illiterate in
1920. They knew they needed to be
intelligently informed if they were
to get their ballots worth.
Because women are bred in the
old American tradition of the cul.
tural club, they didn't like mans
hit-and-miss method of political
self-instruction. Reading the news
papers, attending political meetings,
indulging in masculine argumenta-
ton and debate did not appeal to
them.
Many women's cultural clubs
flourished in 1920. Education in
good citizenship became the busi-
ness of every woman's club worthy
of the name. To lead the way, the
Evening star., 1945-08-26
For twenty-five years
they've had the ballot.
How have they used it?

W7HEN you see woman with a
w ballot in her hand today, you
don't brand her a Jezebel Yet this
wasn't always so. Only rs years ago,
on August 26. 1920. women of this
country won the right to vote
through the Nineteenth Amend
ment to our Constitution.
1t represented the end of strug-
gle begun long before the Civil War
-. the end of being Knocked, mobbed
and sometimes jailed - which was
part of the price women paid for
suffrage.
Women wanted the vote for three
primary reasons:
First. they wanted it on grounds
of human justice. Second. because
women have a vested interest in
government and legislation directly
affecting them and children. And
third. they wanted to make a per-
sonal contribution to public serv-
ice.
Therefore, on this amendments
Silver Jubilee Day, it might be well
for US to examine womens record
of performance.
Good Questions
WHAr has been woman's direct
influence upon the political life of
the nation? Has the woman vote
changed anything in politics? What
have women achieved with their bal
lot? What progress have they made
in public life?
These are. pertinent questions,
and we look back for the answers.
1t seems unbelievable now, but it is
true, that before August 26. 1920,
women were legally classified with
children and idiots.
Evening star., 1945-06-03
Hoeinq

It is perfectly natural there should
be two schools of philosophy re-
garding the use of the hoe. Cen
orally speaking, all boys and many
men subscribe to the belief that
hoeing is simply another has-to-be-
done task, comparable to such jobs
as cleaning out the henhouSe or
thinning carrots. There are, how
ever, a few country men who de-
light in using this simple, homely
tool. To them hoeing is a fine art.
1t is admitted Immediately that
conditions have much to do with it.
If the soil is full of clods, stones and
matted witchgrass, hoeing is simply
q monotonous chore. But when the
earth is mellow and full of humus,
when the stones and turf clods have
been cleaned off, when the soil is
neither too hard nor too moist-then
comes the time when some farmers
enjoy the hours of hoeing
The good farmer insists on GER
tain essentials. The hoe is as i'm
portant to him as his ak. It must
Be Just the right length; the handle
Evening star., 1945-06-03
continue to give each need careful con-

continue to give each need careful con-
sideration.
This bill is prepared to assure safe,
sound financial condition. Next year is
going to be more difficult because am
persuaded to believe that salary stand
ardization with other needs is going to
place very heavy burden on the rev.
enues of the District.
We were mindful at all times of the
fact that there being no elected repre-
sentative of the people here nor Of the
taxpayers it was incumbent upon us as
members of Congress to substitute for
such an elected representative. The Re-
publican and Democratic members Of our
subcommittee did not divide on partisan
lines and generally agreed or disagreed
as unit on any particular proposal. We
considered the fervent please Of many
well-meaning citizens here who are
motivated solely by a desire to give
increased benefit to the INDECENT and
needy. We did our best in order to try
to improve the lot of the needy and
the unfortunate in the District Of Co
lumbia, but we were aware at all times
that once you start on subsistence
program, once you let the camel get its
nose under the tent, you soon are faced
with very extended program and the
pressing requests to pass laws authoriz-
ing appropriations to expand and imple-
ment such new undertakings. We must
circumscribe our altruism by the safe
guards Of vigilance anf caution.
Evening star., 1945-06-03

Today, perhaps as never before,
devastating war truly has made our
world the land Of the dead and the
dying. Like a black velvet pail a
miasmatic mist, bearing the loath-
some odors of the charnel house,
gradually has enveloped many OF the
fairest regions Of our earth. Millions
Of men, women and children in Eu-
rope and Asia have been slaughtered,
or have died of famine, disease or ex-
posure to benumbing, killing cold.
They have passed to the haunts OF
the dead where the gloomy asphodel,
the most celebrated Of the plants OF
the land OF shadows, as the Greeks
believed, displays its pallid blooms
Providentially, the civilian population
of our own land has been spared the
horrors of war, but we grieve over
the loss of increasing thousands OF
our men in the armed forces, the
flower of our youth and the hope and
mainstay of our dear country. OF
these we repeat the poets mournful
measures:
On Fame's eternal camping ground
Their silent tents are spread,
And Glory guards with solemn round
The bivouac of the dead.
Under such circumstances 1t Is not
surprising, but rather quite natural
for human beings to look about for
some consolation which might allay
their anxiety and make their sorrows
more endurable. After he had taken
the death potion, the dying Socrates
urged his weeping friends to control
their grief and maintain their COM
posure, especially since he was con-
vinced that no real evil can befall a
good man either here or hereafter.
Seneca, the noted Roman stole phil
osopher, wrote special consolatory
essay for his good mother, Helvia, in
which he expressed the fervent desire
to dry her tears occasionally, If he
could not stop them permanently.
Boethius, the statesman and thinker,
penned his famous Consolation of
Philosophy" while in prison from
which, although innocent, he was to
be led to torture and execution by
order of Theodore, the Ostrogoth.
1t is true that philosophy can offer
some relief from anguish and some
comfort when Affections beset or
threaten to overwhelm one. How
ever, most people never have studied
philosophy, and hence rather seek
the consultations of religion, above all
those supplied by the revealed word
of God. Many will find in the Bible
the strength which will prevent them
from yielding to dependency and
despair. The Psalmist writes: For
though I should walk in the midst
of the shadow of death, will fear no
evils for Thou art with me-" His
words should bolster up the conf
dence of any believer, of any one ex-
posed to physical danger or mental
agony or crushing distress. Accord
ing to the prophet jeremiah. the Su-
preme Being does not will that we be
engulfed in perpetual sadness. for we
Evening star., 1945-06-03

must fit his hand. It must be right
in weight, and the steel of the blade
must be of the best. A dull hoe is
an abomination-and it needs good
steel to take and hold a cutting edge.
To the country man who enjoys
hoeing there is something pleasant
and relaxing about the work. There
is satisfying rhythm as one goes
along the rows of potatoes or corn.
The sharp edge slices through the
soil and leaves a smooth, moist sur
face with weeds lying willing in the
sun. And, of course, even the man
who likes to hoe wants to rest once
in while and survey the scene of
his labors. That is why good,
strong handle is important.
Evening star., 1945-06-03
Solace of Discomsolate
By the Rev. John j. Robiecki, A. M, Phi. D..
Professor of Philosophy the Catholic University of America

read: II will turn their mourning
into Joy and will comfort them, and
make them joyful after their sorrow"
If we turn from the Old Testament
to the New, we are confronted with
the most encouraging words Of Jesus
Of Nazareth: Blessed are they that
mourn: for they shall be comforted."
Let us bear in mind that Jesus Him
self wept on the occasion of the death
of Lazarus and that he shed tears
over the beautiful city Of Jerusalem,
whose complete and total destruction
He foresaw and foretold. On still
another occasion our Blessed Lord
and Saviour most solemnly pro-
claimed: "All power is given to me in
Heaven and on earth" He plainly and
unequivocally stated: Amen, amen,
I say to you, before Abraham was
made, I am" He also assured his
followers and disciples in a most
majestic manner: Heaven and
earth shall pass, but My words shall
not pass" No mere philosophers, not
even the wisest Of men, ever ascribed
such eternal validity to their utter
ances, nor would they dare speak
with such sublime authority. Even
though, at times, the earth may ap-
pear to be passing away before our
eyes, we shall not lose hope and con-
f1dence. Let all those whose relatives
are exposed to grave danger, or whose
dear ones are on the bloody battle
field, ever be mindful of that truly
solicitous and paternal admonition of
the Lord Jesus addressed to His
disciples and to us: But the very
hairs of your head are all numbered"
No matter how much we may be
obliged to endure, and despite the
temporary prevalence of evil and the
enormity of mems cruelties and
crimes, we may never even momen-
tarily doubt Of the ultimate and final
triumph of divine justice. We may
exclaim with st. Paul, the great
apostle of the Gentiles: 20 the depth
of the riches of the wisdom and
knowledge of God! How incompara-
BILE are His judgments and how un-
searchable His ways!" With st. Paul
we may ask also the very pertinent
question: For who hath known the
mind of the Lord? Or who hath been
His councillor?''
We may not blame God for the
misfortunes brought down upon the
human race by the greed and the
perversity of men. We should real
ize that our understanding Is cir
cumscribed and our view limited, but,
at all events, let us continue to do
good to our fellow men and never
cease from serving and giving glory
to God, the Father of us all. Let us
unite with all men of all countries
in praising the Lord; let our COM
bined paeans of praise and our
homage surge upward like a mighty
billow tapping at the footstool of the
All-Highest, and let us never cease
repeating: "Great and wonderful are
Thy works. o Lord God Almighty;
just and true are Thy ways, o King
Of ages!"
Evening star., 1945-06-03
The Silent Service

As Admiral Nimitz declared the
other day during ceremony honor
ing IA of them, the men who operate
our submarines possibly receive less
recognition for their achievements
than any other branch of the Navy.
Even when they are decorated for
valor, the nature of their deeds must
generally remain unspecified. for
security considerations dictate a
blackout of any information or un-
timely publicity likely to enlighten
the enemy or create additional dan
gers for the crews on patrol.
But though "the silent service"
thus carries on in an atmosphere of
self-imposed obscurity, the statistics
of it's accomplishments are so elo-
quent that the American people can
not fail to realize the greatness of
the job being done. Since Pearl
Harbor up to last May S, our under
seas fleet has sunk 100000 tons of
japanese shipping, 100000 of which
went down within the past IL
months. The total covers 1.119 YES
sells, including four aircraft carriers,
II cruisers, SO destroyers and So war
ships of other types. This represents
tremendous kill. Coupled with the
toll taken by our planes and surface
craft, it explains why Admiral
Nimitz feels free to say that we have
all but severed Japan's lifelines to
the south and that today mo enemy
warship and no enemy merchant
ship can venture upon the waters
of the Pacific without the we'll
grounded fear In the hearts OF its
men that they will never return to
the home base"
On December 7. 1941. the japanese
controlled about 100000 tons of
shipping; since then our submarines
alone have wiped out more than 60
per cent of that total. The sinkings
are now we'll in excess of the re-
placements. At sea as in the air, the
enemy, whose war effort and do
mestic economy depend heavily oA
water-borne supplies, faces an un-
relievedly black situation. Our Nays
silent service" may have to deny it.
self all of the headlines it deserves,
but grateful Nation, being informed
of the overall figures, is not un-
aware of the perilous and far-reach-
ing role these valorous raiders have
played. and are still playing, in
strangling Japan.
Evening star., 1945-06-03
The Price Paid

American casualties in the Second
World War now are above the mil
lion mark. According to the latest
official count, the Army and Navy
dead number 227,097, the wounded
GOT 1853, the missing 63,455 and pris-
oners 104,867-a total of 1,002,8 ,887.
Like all figures, these figures are cold
and impersonal, but what they rep
resent are heroism, devotion to duty,
sacrifice, grief. fortitude, and every
other noble and somber aspect that
valorous nations and their sons dis
play in times of terrible trial.
BY itself the statistic 1,002.88
might mean anything or nothing.
Here it means the price this country
has had to pay-and is still paying
to crush conspiracy against it and
to maintain its greatness. There is
another price-the price in cash
that is measurable, but this price
the price in lost lives, lost blood,
broken bodies and the anguish of the
next of kin-is made up of things
beyond evaluation in terms Of any
coin. BY paying it out America rids
itself of an encircling menace in
both oceans. Yet, unless we are to
accept the dark theory that wars
are an inevitably recurring part of
mans natural state, these heavy
casualties, together with the casual
ties of our Allies, must surely result
in something even greater than the
liquidation of the enemy in this gen.
Grafton.
Those who languish now In prison
camps, those who have suffered the
bitter trials and wounds OF battle,
and above all the legions who have