davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-04-11
Eden Hints Sett|emen
On Poland in Time
For Security Farley
London Regime Reports
Ex-Premier Missing
On Moscow Mission
By the Associated Press,

by the Associated fIeSS.
LONDON, April II. Foreign
Secretary Anthony Eden gave a
yelled indication today that the
Allies might untangle Russian
Polish differences in time for Po-
land to be represented in the San
Francisco Security Conference.
He announced that Prime Min
lister Churchill would discuss the
situation in Commons, probably
on Thursday of next week, and
also might take up the war sit
uation in general.
Mr.. Eden said Mr.. Churchill's re-
marks would deal specifically with
work in Moscow of a Big Three
commission concerning a new Polish
provisional government, and would
speak also on certain other aspects
of Russo-Polish relations"
Former Premier Unreported.
Meanwhile, the Polish exiled gov
ernment said Wincenty Witos, TO
year-old former Premier, left his
home in Krakow Province with
Soviet agents for an unannounced
destination II days ago and had not
been reported since.
The announcement raised Specula-
ton that Soviet Russia might be
planning to sponsor independently
new Polish coalition government
at Warsaw.
The Polish government said Witos,
three times Premier and leader Of
the Peasant party, went away with
four Soviet agents, three dressed in
civilian clothes and one in uniform,
on March 81, and "since that time
there has been no news at all about
his whereabouts"
Still Missing.
A reliable authority said the Brit
ish government lacked information
on the whereabouts of Is prominent
Polish political leaders who their
exiled government in London re-
ported were missing.
The exiled government said they
disappeared after leaving their
homeland on the invitation of Mos
COW to visit London and discuss
prospective formation of the ma
tional unity" provisional govern
ment provided for in the Crimea
Conference.
A statement acknowledging the
possibility that the Is might be in
Moscow discussing this subject came
from the government in exile Tues
day night, with the observation that
if this was true it violated "the
spirit and letter" of the Yalta dec
iaration.
OF the Romanian situation. Mr..
(see POLAND, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1945-04-11

Correspondent Robert Eunson re-
ported from that front. The Elbe
flows within so miles of Berlin.
Air-borne troops captured Essen
The 18th (Cross of Lorraine) Di-
vision had fought into its debris
piled streets two days ago Essen
was built atop one of the eartns
largest coal deposits. American ar
tillery shells started dropping in the
city March 10 after the 9th Army
reached the Rhine.
The Krupp and other foundries
worked day and night unless dis
rupted py the bombers which have
attacked the city for nearly five
years. The Krupp works, birth
place of German war material since
the days of Bismarck, had been re-
built seven times in this war. and
they employed 100000 skilled work.
men. Machine shops, steel found
ries. boiler works, textile mills, brew
cries and lighter industries dotted
the city.
In the north, the British I'd Army
broadened and strengthened a 90
mile front of armor south of be-
sieged Bremen in preparation for
the final blow to that great port
and submarine center.
Roll Up Steady Gains.
Other British troops rolled up
steady gains along the western end
of a wide front in Northern Ger
many, beating down the last SO
miles toward Hamburg and the last
80 miles toward Helgoland Blight
The Canadians were within 10 miles
of the North Sea.
Canadian troops fought across
the Issel River in Holland in the
area of captured Deventer (40,30O
toward Appledorn (71,l58) in an at
tack that may soon bring the great
Dutch ports of Amsterdam and
Rotterdam under Canadian guns.
The nearest approach to Russian
lines was made in a 40-mile ad-
vance by the 1st Army's Sd Armored
Division to position 10 miles south
east of Nordhausen, supply base lis
Evening star., 1945-04-11
By THOBURN WANT,

NEAR ERFURT. Germany, April
l1.-Dr. Bella Fabian, president of
the dissolved Hungarian Inde-
pendent Democratic party, said in
an interview today that 100000
Jews had been gassed and cremated
at a murder factory at Auschwitz,
in Upper Silesia.
DR.. Fabina said he was taken to
Auschwitz 10 months ago with
100000 other Hungarian Jews and
that 100000 were gassed and cre-
Evening star., 1945-04-11
Secret AirfieId Captured

BRUNSWICK. Germany, April II
(P.-The United States I'd Armored
Division captured a secret airfield
south of here today and found 81
German planes abandoned for lack
of gasoline. The partially destroyed
aircraft consisted of 81 Messer-
schmitt- -1O9s and four Junkers-111s.
Evening star., 1945-04-11
Bulletin
AFL Creates New Council
OF u. S. Workers Unions

The American Federation of
Labor today created a new
council of Government en-
pl0yes to coordinate activi-
ties of score of unions of
Federal workers within the
Federation. The councils i'm
mediate objective will be to
seek increased pay and i'm
proved overtime benefits for
all Government workers.
Evening star., 1945-04-11
Conna||y Urges
Free Hand for
CounciIMember
Wants U. S. Delegate
To Vote Without
Consulting Congress

Senator COnnally, Democrat,
of Texas declared today that the
United States representative on
the proposed United Nations
Council should have authority to
vote without reference to Con-
gress."
1T is absolutely essential that our
representative have power to act in
all cases of emergency" said Sem
ator Connally, chairman of the Sem
ate Foreign Relations Committee
and a delegate to the San Francisco
meeting.
I'VE have learned that aggressor
powers can and do act promptly,
and unless the council is able to act
promptly. there would be little use
in acting at all.
Addresses Rotary Luncheon.
Speaking at luncheon of the In
ternational Rotary Club, Senator
Connally declared:
Upon the question of empowering
the United States representative on
the executive council to vote with
out reference to Congress there can
not, in my opinion, be any alterna-
tive"
When Hitler moved back into the
Rhineland, contrary to the pro-
visions of the treaty Germany her
self had signed" he added, quick
action by England and France might
have postponed this war"
Discussing the world organization
to be proposed at the San Francisco
Conference opening April 25, Sena-
tor Connally said:
"Ot one thing am most certain,
That is that the United States
must be a member Of any interna-
tional instrumentality to preserve
the peace Of the world. Without
our membership, 1t must fail
Must Remain United.
Asserting Great Britain, Russia
and China also must be members,
he said
The United Nations have fought
the war together. They must estab-
lish the peace and peace machinery
together"
Meanwhile, the American dele
cation was reported leaning toward
approval of compromise version
of a proposal that the projected
world security organization be given
specific authority to review wartime
political decisions.
The proposal has been made by
Senator Vandenberg, Republican, of
Michigan, a member of the dele
cation, who suggested that the or
ganization's security council be en-
powered to recommend appropri-
ate measures of adjustment" in
Guiding the revision of treaties and
of prior international decisions" in
any dispute threatening war.
Up to Full Conference.
There were indications that a
ma jority of the American dele
gates may favor a diluted version
of the Vandenberg proposal, but it
was emphasized decisions of this
nature will be held open for possible
revision after the San Francisco
Conference opens April 25.
Meeting Again Today.
The bipartisan delegation today
continued series of meetings
aimed at developing a unified opin-
ion on the Dumbarton Oaks pro-
posals and suggestions for changes
in them. 1t appeared likely that
firm decisions on many points may
be postponed until the views of
other countries are canvassed at
San Francisco.
Evening star., 1945-04-11
7O2 German Flyers
Reported Executed
To Block Revolt
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
TWELFTH ARMY GROUP
HEADQUARTERS, April IL
Reliable information reaching
this headquarters today said
102 members of the German
Air Force were executed by the
Germans on March 81 in an
effort to stop an officers revolt.
Among those executed, it
was said, was a general named
Baber.
Evening star., 1945-04-11

1.-THE Associated Press, in q
note to editors accompanying the
tolloDing dispatch, stated that
the 5,000,O00 figure was spelled
out and repeated, indicating be-
yond doubt that it ,Das the figure
gipen the correspondent. Hon.
euer, estimates giDen the World
Almanac by the American Je,D-
ish Committee in 1889 ShoUed
there were only 1895, sos Je,Ds in
Europe and 15,6S8,259 in the
UorId at that time.)
Evening star., 1945-04-11

the weights and measures law here.
I'VE find in our buying that We
must pay over the ceiling to get our
materials, particularly poultry and
meats" the District superintendent
testified.
Declaring that small retailers are
See OPA PAGE AL
Evening star., 1945-04-11
Brunswick Entered> Essen Falls;
1st Army 12O Miles From Reds
New Gains Scored
Against Collapsed
Nuzi Resistance
BULLETIN.

BULLETIN.
NEW YORK (P).-The Amer
lean broadcasting station in
Europe said today that Erfurt
166,66D had been encircled
and Coburg (25,000) had been
captured by the Sd Army.
Evening star., 1945-04-11

Four additional men from
the District area haze been re-
ported killed in this Dar. See
ION the Honor Roll," Page Az.
Evening star., 1945-04-11

(See FOOD, Page A-5D
Evening star., 1945-04-11

See WESTERN FRONT, Page A-D
Evening star., 1945-04-11

tSee OPA, Page A-5.D
Evening star., 1945-04-11
Weather Forecast

Some cloudinesS this afternoon; fair
tonight; cloudy tomorrow morning.
Temperatures today-High, SO, at /: 80
pm; low, 81, at $40 am. Yesterday
High, rs, at $40 pm; low, At, at 7:10
am.
Evening star., 1945-04-11
Guide for Readers

An Associated Press Newspope
Evening star., 1945-01-14

There is nothing either new or novel
about 1t. Yet a regent never is
completely or unreservedly the
equivalent Of the "incapacitated"
person for whom he serves. The
idea of vicariousness attaches to his
title. In the Century Dictionary it
is set forth that the administration
of substitute for lawful sovereign
lis subject to many notifications.
Basically, an ethical principle is
involved. The position of Admiral
Horthys in Budapest has been anom-
olous ever since the start of his re-
gency in 1919. He came to power
because the Allies refused to deal
with any member of the Hapsburg
family, though the Hungarian Par
lament had voted to restore the
monarchy. Even when his admins
tration had been confirmed by sub
sequent proceedings, he never actu-
ally has been anything but stand
in" for the real" heir to the Magyar
throne.
Evening star., 1945-01-14

President Cleveland is undoubtedly an
excessively obstinate man. He is con-
scious Of the honesty of his intentions
and feels no duty-call to impose check,
in any case, upon his natural courage
and drmness. These qualities, exag-
gerated with him into ohstinacy, are
found admirable when his Judgment
directs them in the proper course and
causes them to give energy and i'm
petus to wise policy; and are found
correspondingly injurious when his
judgment Is at fault and he Is sent.
through them, on q blind, unswervins
rush In the wrong direction. Il thus
happens that in the remote and
shadowy manner which Is alone possible
in comparison between the Chief
Magistrate and . humble heroine Of
nursery rhyme, he resembles, as Presi-
dent, the little girl with a curl who,
when she was good was very, very
good. and when she was bad she was
horrid.' But The Stars judgment was
that Mr.. Cleveland had done good
service to the republic through sound
Judgment and intelligent firmness in
respect to many important national
issues and honesty in respect to all"
Evening star., 1945-01-14
To Save Coal

The statistics of the situation
amply justify the steps taken by War
Mobilization Director Byrnes to con-
serve the Nations supply of soft COAL
The number of miners is expected to
be 10000 fewer in 1945 than the
100000 on the job last year, and
production is expected to be about
10000 900 tons under estimated re-
quirements of 62O.000,000 TONS In
the past such deficits have been met
by drawing upon stock piles, but by
April / these will be down to less
than enough to fill the country's
needs for 80 days-a level below the
safety line.
Acting on Secretary Ickes' estimate
that this prospective shortage neces-
states that the overall consumption
of soft coal be reduced by Is 5,0O0, 600
tons during the year, MIR. Byrnes
has directed the war Produc-
tion Board to ban all outdoor adver-
tising and ornamental or display
lighting using coal-generated elec-
tricity. In addition, he has told the
Office of Defense Transportation to
eliminate special trains, excursion
trains and extra passenger schedules
to resorts, and he has urged that
temperatures in all homes and Office
buildings be held down to 68 degrees.
Since the ODT ordered curtailments
some time ago. the additional saw
ing in coal to be effected BY Mr..
Byrnes' travel directive appears
'problematical, but his curb on out
Evening star., 1945-01-14
The Red Army Moves

Marshal Stalin's announcement
that the Red Army has stormed out
of its Vistula River bridgehead in
Poland confirms earlier German
reports that this long dormant
theater has become the scene of a
terrific battle.
According to Stalin's order of the
day, the offensive by Marshal Ivan
S. Konevs First Ukrainian Army,
which got under way Friday, has
broken through heavily fortified
German defenses for gains up to
twenty-five miles along a twenty
f1ve-mile front. There has been no
confirmation from Moscow of other
German reports that the Soviets
have also taken the offensive on the
East Prussian front, although it is
entirely probable that these reports
are true.
The bridgehead from which Mar
shal Konev launched his offensive is
about 100 miles south of desolated
Warsaw, which has remained in
German hands since last summer,
when the Russian advance halted in
the industrial suburb of Praga, just
across the river. Since that time the
Russians presumably have been re-
organizing their armies, bringing up
supplies and perfecting their COM
munications. Now, apparently, they
are in position to drive on westward
across the Polish plain or turn north
ward to roll up the German defense
line along the Vistula and attack
Warsaw from the rear. Pending
further word from Moscow, any
opinion as to Russian intentions
must be sheer guesswork, but enemy
accounts of the fighting furnish
some basis for the belief that Mar
shal Konev is pointing his army
toward the Polish capital.
Meanwhile, it need hardly be said
that the opening of this long
awaited Russian drive will exert at
least a negative influence on the
western front, where American and
British troops are steadily slicing
into the f1anks of Won Rundstedt's
salient. The Russian move can
hardly have any direct effect on the
fighting in the western theater. But
at the least, pending a test of Ger
man ability to withstand this latest
blow, it should mean that Won Rund-
stedt can expect little if anything in
the way of reinforcements, and can
hardly afford another gamble with
the limited resources presently at his
command.
Beyond that, it is the part of wis
dom to await the unfolding of de-
velopments along the Vistula and in
East Prussia-developments which
in due time will reveal both the ex-
tent of Russian intentions and their
ability to realize them.
Evening star., 1945-01-14
H.M.C.S. Shuwiniqon
From the Montreal Star.

From the Montreal Star.
The work horse of the Canadian Navy
h the corvette. She is no ship for men
with weak stomachs, for If the design
ers had tried they probably would have
been hard put to 1t to produce craft
with more sickening roll But in fair
weather and foul the corvette has done
her patrols her convoy escorts, her
submarine attacks. her invasion as
signmerits, alongside the biggest of
them. And casualties In that branch
of the service have been severe. TO
date, t1le navy has lost 10 vessels. Nine
Of them have been speedy, maneuver-
able coryettes. The loss Of the latest,
with her entire complement Of I oficers
and SO enlisted men, was announced
today. She was the Shawinigan, COM
missioned three years ago at quebec.
where the first Canadian built corvette
was launched for Louis Of France In
1730. There has been no announcement
as to how the Shawinigan met her end.
She was serving In the North Atlantic,
however, where early winter gales now
add to the regular burdens Of ccnvoy
protection: Q protection Shawinisan
really gave, for In the last two yeArs
not ship In her charge had been lost.
Evening star., 1945-01-14

ters regarding their industry profit study
to MIR. Vinson before one acceptable for
quotation in the wage decision an
nouncement was found 1t was an effort
containing single paragraph very care
fully worded.
The first part stated that price ad-
justments must be made anyway. The
final significant sentence read: 'It is
the judgment Of the price administrator
that after these price adjustments are
made the proposed wage increases will
not require any further net rise in the
general level of iron and steel prices"
The word net Is the key to the
whole plan. OPA admits that the wage
decision win necessitate additional price
rises in some products and possibly gen.
orally in the overall prices of some of
the S6 companies making basic steel.
But Mr.. Vinson gave them permission
to reduce prices on products where
profits are unusually good. In this way,
OPA hopes to hold down the industry
wide price level.
An interesting angle Of Mr.. Vim
sons action was that he hurriedly
rushed through his decisien late on
December 30. thereby averting serious
financial loss to the steel industry and
considerably more embarrassment to
the stabilization cause.
The industry had q $4,000, 600 fund
set aside to meet the wage adjust
ments which 1t could pay out tax-free
as expenses If the award came in 1914.
However, II the action were delayed
into 1945, the fund would be taxable
as income and the Government would
have taken = % to 10 million dollar
chunk out Of 1t.
Evening star., 1945-01-14
KindIinq Wood

There are, in general, two groups
of countrymen The first takes the
kindling wood situation as it comes
He does not worry over the future.
He says farm woodshed can always
produce dustpan load of chips, bits
of bark and burnable debris. The
other group, however, makes an is
sue of kindling. When winter has
really sharpened his knife and the
red mark in the Instrument which
has a confined substance that
changes with a change in tempera-
ture pauses for while around Zero
this group wants an ample supply
OF kindling ready to start the kitch-
en- fire on morning when the clap
boards are swapping.
This group, in line with modern
governmental practice of dividing
and subdividing it's agencies and bu-
reaus, may be divided into two diff
fering PHILOSOPHERS. One school
holds that the most efficient kindling
is very small. split pieces of birch,
maple or oak. Adherents OF this
clan choose pieces of wel1-seasoned
wood and with a hand ak reduce
a piece that Is regulation size for
the kitchen stove to eight or ten
slender pieces. When half dozen
of these are placed over some we'll
crumpled balls of paper in the bot
tom of the f1rebox. the hardwood
disciples claim that the pieces catch
quickly and produce ample heat to
ignite the regular sized pieces above.
The other group may be called the
Dry Pine Branches tribe. They be-
lieve that these branches. knocked
from the lower part of the trunks
in the pine lot, furnish kindling OF
the highest degree of efficiency.
Their contention is that the resinous
wood catches more quickly, produces
more intense heat, and thus gets
the regular f1rewood to burning more
quickly.
Both groups enjoy their arguments
and getting the piles of kindIing
ready. On a stormy day in winter
when sleet and snow are lashing the
land, 1t is good to work in the wood
shed and get a generous supply
ahead. Somehow when a man can
look at ordered tiers of solid wood,
and a generous iack-straw pile Of
dry kindling, the thought Of the
farm kitchen at 6 am. does not
bother him 50 much.
Evening star., 1945-01-14

door advertising and lighting will
probably save 100000 tons. and his
appeal on heating-if heeded-may
save another $4,000 900 tons.
BY far the largest conservation
can be made in homes and Office
buildings, and Mr.. Byrnes is banking
heavily on wholehearted public sup
port on voluntary basis If this
fails. then the situation may become
very serious indeed, particularly II
there are any mine strikes this year.
1t Is matter demanding the CO.
operation of all of us-home owners
and building operators alike-if we
are to avoid rationing in yet another
field. Certainly. it should be much
better and much more comfortable
to live in temperature of 68 degrees
than to have to get our coal the way
we get our beef or butter.
Evening star., 1945-01-14
Recent

King Peters refusal to consent to
regency for Yugoslavia has raised
question about exactly what a
regent is. On neither side of the
Atlantic has the term been generally
understood. Even In England, where
it has been common phrase for at
least seven hundred years, it has
been considered anomalous =. in
strict law" Yet, so far back as 1915
the Earl of Pembroke, with the
assent of the loyal barons," was
zone who rules or governs, especially
one who acts temporarily as an
administrator of the realm" He
became, in effect, the head of the
state when the wicked King John
died and his son, Henry III, a child
of ten, was declared the lawful heir
to the crown.
Some such expedient arrange
ment, obviously, is needed on occa-
sion. In actual practice, a regency
is natural as well as a convenient
device for carrying on" the business
of government during the minority
or incapacity of the king" Lord
Coke gave it as his cogitated opin-
ion that "the office should depend
on the will of Parliament" and in
modern custom regents are, in fact,
provided by parliamentary proceed
ure-as, for instance, in the case
of the Act of 5 Geo. III CIT, which
vested in the King power to ap-
point regent under the sign man
ual, such regent to be one of certain
named members of the royal fam
ily." When the same. monarch be-
came incurably insane in 1910 an
other act was passed, appointing
the Prince of Wales regent" limiting
his power to grant peerages, offices
and pensions but furnishing no
restriction on his authority over
. treaties, peace and war"
The clear intent of this last-con-
sidered legislation was that the re-
gent in truth should govern. George
IV was very nearly as much king
before 1920 as he was after that
date. The word regent" is closely
associated with the Sanskrit "raj,"
meaning direct" or rule" and
"rajan," meaning king" It likewise
is related to the Latin "rex" and
"regere." Thus the conception ad-
mittedly is of very ancient origin.