davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-08-25
Tests Given
| Prisoners Focinq
Reich Police Duty
Ey the Associated Press.

CHICAGO, Aug 25.-Mass lie-de-
tector tests have been administered
to German prisoners of war to un-
cover Nazi sympathizers from
among those assigned to return
to Germany as civil policemen.
Leonardo Keeler, Chicago crimi-
nologist who was one of the experts
who gave the tests, said today they
had been made about two weeks age
and no reports on their outcome has
been drafted as yet.
The tests were administered al
Fort Getty, R. l., under orders Of
1t. Col. Ralph Pierce of Fort Sam
Houston, Tex, head of the Army's
scientific crime laboratory. The
prisoners tested included several
hundred who had been selected fol
two months training as policemen
to assist American occupation au.
thorities in maintaining order.
Seven lie-detector machines were
assembled at the camp and the ex.
aminations were identical to those
used in questioning crime suspects
except that interpreters were EN-.
ployed. -.s-
Evening star., 1945-08-25
3 of DooIittIe Raiders Describe
Their Life as Jap Prisoners
Thanks for American Food First Words
Of Rescued Flyers on Reaching Chunekine

team. He is 1t George Barr, for
merly of Queens, N. Y, who was
reported suffering from beri-beri a
result Of starvation, and not in a
condition to be moved now.
For the three who stepped from
the CAT transport Lady Jean"
onto the runway at the Seven Drag
ons Airdrome outside Chungking
it was the happiest day in more
than three years.
The Chinese capital, celebrating
the flyers rescue, was ready to
offer its best.
Bailed Out Over Free China.
Sergt. Deshazer was the bombar-
dier and 1t. Hite was co-pilot of
the same plane. They had been to-
gether since they bailed out into Free
China territory and were taken
prisoners by japanese troops who
had disguised themselves as Chi
nese soldiers.
1t. Hite and Sergt. Deshazer had
attacked Nagoya. 1t. Nielsen, navi-
gator in another plane, had attacked
Tokyo. 1t. Nielsen's plane crash
landed at sea. He swan four hours
to reach land, staggered ashore and
collapsed. He awoke the next morn
inng to find two large vultures on a
rock looking down at him.
Our life raft, it seemed, was
(See DOOLITTLE Page A-3O
Evening star., 1945-08-25
By the Associated Press.


CHUNGKING, Aug. 25.-Three
haggard American airmen, in
termed since the raid on Japan
led by 1t. Gen. James H. Doolittle
in April, 1912, arrived from
Peiping by plane today.
Almost their first words were said
In thanksgiving for American food
The flyers were 1t. Chase j. Mel
sen Of Hyrum, Utah; 1t. Robert L.
Hite OF Earth, Tex, and Sergt
Jacob D. Deshazer, formerly OF
Madras, Greg
Its good to get some GI food
into your belly again. after that
hollow feeling" Sergt. Deshazer
said.
1t. Nielsen said: II feel I am a
real American again"
He said that on one occasion the
Japs told him he had been sentenced
to death by court-martial, but the
Emperorshad changed the sentence
to life imprisonment
One Flyer with Rescuers.
The three were brought to Chung
king by way of Sian. in Shensi
Province. after a parachute rescue
team discovered them in japanese
hands. Their rescue was announced
Tuesday.
A fourth flyer found with them
was left behind with the rescue
Evening star., 1945-08-25
Admiral Lee Dies Suddenly
In Small Boat Off Maine Coast
Was on Woy to His
Flagship; Working on
Secret Assignment
Py the Associated Press.

Ey the Associated PTeSS.
PORTLAND, Me-, Aug. 25.-
Vice Admiral Willis A. Lee, jr.,
81, Kentucky-born naval tao
tician who in 1942 commanded a
Pacific task force that sank a
japanese battleship and three
cruisers off Guadalcanal, died
today Of heart disease.
Death came aboard small boat
in Casco Bay as he was being taken
to his flagship, the battleship
Wyoming.
Admiral Lee had been In this
area for the past two months on
q top-secret tactical assignment.
While here he had resided in sub
urban Falmouth.
Before returning to Atlantic duty
Admiral Lee had served as COM
mander Of Battleship Squadron Two
In the Pacif1c, and early In the war
had been assistant chief Of staf to
the commander in chief Of the
United States Fleet.
A native Of Natlee, KY, he en-
tered the Navy In 1904, he was COM
naissioned captain IN 1895 and rear
Evening star., 1945-08-25
1hree-Day Holiday
Slated in More Than
5096 Of u. 5. Agencie,
10000 Federal Workers
Go on 40-Hour Schedule
Starting Next Week

More than SO per cent of all
Government agencies plan to be
on a 40-hour week by next week,
thus assuring at least 10000
Federal workers here a three-day
holiday over Labor Day, Gov
ernment sources reported today
Agency heads of departments are
working on shifting to the five-day
week by Monday, but their exact
number has not yet been deter
mined. AS the decisions are made
the agencies report to the Budget
Bureau.
BY September 9. the deadline SET
by President Truman for the new
work week, the bureau believes that
more than 100000 Government EN-.
ployes will be down to a five-day
work week.
Another 100000 Federal workers
throughout the United States also
will benefit by the long Labor Day
holiday and the subsequent Satur-
days off. Senator Byrd estimates
that the Government will save
| So, 900 ,000, 900 annually by the re-
duction from the 4s-hour week.
Senator Byrd was quoted by the
Associated Press at Winchester, Va.
as saying that the hardest part" OF
reducing wartime Federal personnel
was still ahead. He said there were
still 100000 civilian Government
workers and more than 100000 CIV
ilian War Department employees out
side the country, whose numbers
must be reduced.
The Government also plans to
shift its civilian workers overseas to
the flve-day week.
District government employees will
get half day off next Saturday and
all of Labor Day.
The long week end next week is
not expected to apply to employees
of local military hospitals and some
PORTIONS of the Treasury Depart
ment and Veterans Administration
The first agency to announce
formally shift to the 40-hour week
beginning Monday was the Federal
Works Agency. A spokesman said
all administrative employees viii!
benefit by the change. A number
of custodial employees, such as ele-
vator operators and guards, how
ever, will have to work as many
hours past 40 as the agency in which
they are assigned plans to work.
Evening star., 1945-08-25
Typhoons Delay
Jap Surrender
Until Sept.2
Conflicting Reports
Received on Plans for
Landing Tomorrow
Ey the Associated Press.

Ey the Associated Press.
MANILA, Aug. 25.-Japan's
occupation and formal surrender
have been postponed at least 4s
hours by typhoons, Gen. Mac
Arthur announced today. The
surrender signing aboard the
battleship Missouri, scheduled
for August 81, will take place
September 2.
Gan almost simultaneous dis
patch from Okinawa, uncon-
f1rmed in Manila, reported that
first Allied airborne landings in
the Tokyo area have been re-
scheduled for Sunday by the
317th Troop Carrier Group. The
dispatch said the typhoon threat
had dissipated. Whether Gen.
MacArthur's postponement fol-
1owed-and overruled-this re-
scheduling could not immedi-
ately be determined.)
Gen. MacArthur's Headquarters
gave this surrender timetable:
The initial landings of American
airborne troops. scheduled for to-
morrow, will take place Tuesday at
Evening star., 1945-08-25
Victory Bridge
Over Anacostia
Gets Go Signal
City's First Postwar
Project to Cost
$4,000, 900

Construction of the $4,50O, 900
South Capitol street bridge-the
first District postwar project
will begin within go days, it was
announced today by Capt. H. C.
Whitehurst, director of District
highways.
The War Production Board gave
the go-ahead sign to construction
of the bridge, which will span the
Anacostia River Capt. Whitehurst
said the structure would be named
Victory Bridge.
Intended to relieve traffic con-
gestion in the Southeast area
brought about by the housing de-
velopment which have sprung up in
the Anacostia section, the structure
will be $500 feet long and will have
two 24foot traffic lanes. separated
by a 4-foot curb. 1t will be of steel
girder construction and will have a
swinging span of 1856 feet.
Bids to Be Asked Wednesday.
| District officials expect the bridge
will be completed within two and a
half years. Advertising for bids
will be issued next Wednesday, with
opening bids TO fellow 80 days later.
Aften issuance of the contract, the
construction firm must complete
the understructure within $50 calen-
dar days. Meanwhile, fabrication
of the superstructure will be started,
Plans for the bridge were COM
pleted several wears ago and funds
have been authorized by Congress,
but the project was postponed be-
cause of failure to obtain priorities
fer material.
The bridge will extend from the
end of South Capitol street to the
AnacoStia side of the river, north
of the Naval Air Station and ioin-
ing the new highway to Suitland.
Will Have Deck Structure.
The bridge will be similar to
Chain Bridge in that it will have
a deck structure which eliminates
overhead spans.
Officials said the unusually long
swinging span is necessary because
the bridge will be located below
the Navy Yard and construction
had to be planned to permit access
of all types of vessels to the Navy
Yard.
Capt. Whitehurst already has
written to the Labor Department
asking that wage rates be fixed for
the project. 1t is estimated that
$4,000 man-hours will be required
to complete the bridge.
Evening star., 1945-08-25
63 Of Tokyo's People
.Soid to Have Gone
BY the Associated Press.

Dy lne ASS0Clated PreSS.
SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 25.-
Sixty three per cent of Tokyo's
population and more than 10 per
cent of its homes were slashed
away by American bombing raids.
the Domei news agency said today
In a broadcast recorded by the Fed.
eral Communications Commission.
On prewar population of g.
400, 900. only 100000 now remain
In the capital, and of 1,300,0 900
homes, only $4,000 to $500 still
stand. The cut in population was
attributed to decentralization,
evacuation and removal Of homes.s
Casualties were not mentioned.
Evening star., 1945-08-25
Hurricane Expected 10 Hit
Texas Coast Tomorrow
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW ORLEANS, Aug. 25-A hur-
ricane packing winds up to 80 miles
an hour is expected to strike into
the Texas coast between Port
O'Connor and Freeport tomorrow
morning, the Weather Bureau
warned today.
In an advisory at 10:30 am. the
bureau reported the disturbance
moving north northwestward 10 tc
IL miles an hour. Inhabitants OF
the Texas and Louisiana coasts
were advised to take precautions.
Small craft from the mouth OF
the Rio Grande to Burwood, La.
were warned to seek safe harbor OF
remain in port. Fishing trips along
Texas and Louisiana coasts should
be postponed, the bureau said.
The bureau said the 90-mile winds
were confined to small area, while
75-mile winds extended over an
area SO miles from the center
and winds of 80 miles or more COW
cred an area within radius of l5(
miles from the storms center.
Evening star., 1945-08-25
Truman Expected 10 See
Fort Sill Artillery Show

President Truman has accepted
an invitation to go to Fort Sill
Okla, late in October to witness an
artillery show, Representative John
son, Democrat, of Oklahoma said
today after a White House visit.
Mr.. johnson said the date will be
fixed to suit the Presidents con-
venience.
Tie demonstration is designed to
show the part the artillery played
In the war. according to the Okla
homa Representative.
Mr.. Truman will stop at his home
IN Independence, Mo-, in the course
Of the trip, Mr.. johnson said.
Evening star., 1945-08-25
Bulgaria Delays Election
After Allied Opposition
BY the Associate ted Press

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Aug. 25.-The Bull
garian government, sensitive to
American and British opinion, has
postponed elections scheduled for
Sunday until later date, the Sofa
radio said today.
The United States State Depart
ment and the British Foreign ONCE
had opposed the elections at present
on the ground that all democratic
elements in Bulgaria would not be
able to participate.
A Bulgarian government an
nouncement in broadcast reported
by BBC said the postponement had
been recommended by the Allied
control commission in Bulgaria
The new date was not announced.
Evening star., 1945-08-25
! Germans Executed
Al Leavenworth for
Killing Fellow POW
Submarine WoIfpoek
Sailors Admitted Hunqins
Traitor in Comp
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associate ed Press.
FORT LEAVENWORTH, Kans.,
Aug. 25.-Seven German prison.
ers of war-former members of
wolf-pack submarine crews
died early today on the gaIlows
for the traitor Staying" of a fel-
low prisoner.
The men-Helmut Carl Fischer
%; Fritz FRANKIE, 81; Gunther Kul-
sen, q: Heinrich Ludwig, Is; Bern
hard Reyak, 81: Otto Stengel, 26,
and Rolf Wizuy, 23-were executed
at the United States disciplinary
barracks here.
They went to their deaths one
year and nine days after an Army
general court-martial found them
guilty Of the murder March Is, 1914,
Of Werner Dreschler, a fellow pris-
oner whom they had accused of CIV
ing information of military value to
the United States.
Men Admit Staying.
Dreschler's body, the Army report
said, was found by guards the morn
ing after the Staying in a bath house
of the Papage Park (Ariz) prisoner
Of war camp. The seven Nazi SUBJ
marine sailors, the report contin-
ued, confessed to beating and chok-
ing Dreschler, then hanging him
from a rafter.
At midnight, the first of the seven
began the last mile" march to the
gallows to pay for their crime.
Twenty-four hours earlier, their
sentences had been read to them
and the condemned men spent their
last day writing letters to families
in Germany, making last wills and
receiving religious counsel.
Fischer, first of the condemned
men to die, was visibly nervous as
he entered the execution warehouse.
Only one of the seven to show even
a remote sign of fear, Fischer
mumbled a prayer while Col. Will
liam S. Eley. prison commandant,
read the death sentence. Then the
German was asked if he had a last
statement.
Grateful to Chaplain.
Slowly, his lips trembling, the o.
year-old Nazi said: II thank you
for the help and presence of the
priest. 1t was great help to me-
At 1910 am. Fischer stood, hood.
ed. within the confines of a black
circle on the gallows floor. The
trapdoor was sprung. Fourteen min.
utes later two Army medical officers
pronounced Fischer dead.
FRANKIE and Kulsen followed
Fischer to the death house, but Their
faces showed no trace of nervous
ness.
Reyak and Wizuy remained true
to the pattern set by their comrades
With brief thanks to the prison
chaplain for the comfort he had
given them. they marched almost
serenely to their death. Reyak
made no statement.
Stengel, the only married man in
the group, was the sixth to go to
the death house. His eyes were
riveted on a small picture he car
ried of an infant son he had never
seen. Stengel smiled pleasantly at
the guards, then thanked the chap
lain for the holy communion he had
received earlier in the night in his
cell. He went to his death calmly.
Evening star., 1945-08-25
Many Committing Horo-Kini
Before Palace, Tokyo Reports
People Can't ReoIize
They've Been Beaten,
Broodeoster Asserts
BY the Associated Press.


The Tokyo radio said today
that japanese people were COM
mitting hara-kiri "in large num-
bers" before the Imperial Palace
The broadcast, beamed in Japa-
nese to North America, was re-
corded in New York by the FEC
Everything is dark and gloomy
in Japan today, the broadcast re-
lated, although japanese authorities
are hoping that Allied occupation
forces will be welcomed peacefully. .
The people, 'in deep sorrow and
gloominess, cannot realize they've
been beaten" Tokyo commentator
1samu Inouye said.
"The people are representative
Previously several hundred Grum-
mans came over dropping bombs
Now they come over without drop
ping anything.
Groups are committing hara.
kiri before the Imperial Palace In
large numbers. This feeling isn't un-
derstood by the Allies or the western
nations. This spirit is deeper than
Evening star., 1945-08-25
Atsugi Airfleld, 18 miles southwest
Of the imperial palace in Tokyo.
Plans Are Tentative,

Atsugi Airaeld, 18 miles southwest
of the imperial palace in Tokyo.
Plans Are Tentative.
The large-scale airborne land
tngs, headed personally by Gen. Mac
Arthur at Atsugi, and the Marine
and naval landings at Yokosuka
naval base in Tokyo Bay, scheduled
for Tuesday. will take place next
Thursday.
Even those plans were tentative
ut is hoped that by that time
wind and seas will have abated to
an extent that will permit our for
ward movement" Gen. Macarthur
said.
The Tokyo area already had been
hard hit by typhoon Wednesday
night, and Gen. MacArthur's state
ment said "a series of typhoons" are
raging in the Western Pacific, be-
tween Okinawa and Japan.
The postponement OF history
making events was decided on as
the first movements already had
begun.
The initial airborne landing forces
were making final preparations te
depart from Okinawa.
Forces Already at Sea.
Seaborne forces already were al
sea. Several conveys of supply yes.
sells have left Manila. Others are
leaving today.
Admiral Raymond A. Spruance
5th Fleet commander, said the land
ing of seaborne forces will be haz.
ardous, even though no japanese
opposition is expected. B-29s have
sown the coastal waters thickly with
mines, he said, adding, 'I don't want
to bump into any of our own mines
Aside from the damage, it woulc
cause repercussions at home" ir
the erroneous belief that Japan was
sabotaging the landings.
las far as I can see, the jana.
nese government is doing every
thing possible to accede to Mac.
Arthurs wishes"
Presumably the 48-hour delay re.
sulting from Tokyo's typhoons woulc
allow additional time for mine.
sweepers to clear the mine fields.
MacArthur's Plans Fluid.
The delay was not expected te
disrupt any aspect of the prepa.
rations. 1t now can be disclosed
that Gen. MacArthur's plans wert
o. CTrrrNI~-~-
Evening star., 1945-08-25
-Unconfirmed 'Rumor'
OF Hirohito Suicide
Broadcast by Radio

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Aug. 25.-NBC
broadcast "a rumor" today
that Emperor Hirohito of Japan
had committed hara-kiri.
NBC said the rumor did not
come from a regular news
source and there was no con-
flrmation.
Stressing that the report was
carried as a rumor only, NBC
said the script for the an
nouncement started OF by
saying: .
"A rumor came bounding into
the newsroom" that Hirohito
had committed suicide.
Evening star., 1945-08-25
; u. S. Planes Land
On Kyushu and Then
Return to Okinowo
BY the Associated Press,

6S Inc ASSoclateo PreSS.
NEW YORK, Aug. 25.-Three
American planes landed today
on an airstrip in the Southern
japanese home island of Kyu-
shu and then returned to their
base at Okinawa. Robert Shap-
len, NBC reporter, said in a
broadcast from Okinawa.
Emergency landings were
made by two P-38s, piloted by
Col. Clay Price, jr., of Phoenix,
Ariz., and Flight Officer Doug
las, Hall of Anamosa, Iowa,
when the latter's plane devel-
oped fuel trouble on a recon-
naissance flight. A Bit
bomber landed and few the
men back to Okinawa.
Mr.. Shaplen said the Japa-
nese officers at the airstrip
greeted the flyers with smiles
and expressed admiration for
their planes. He said it was
believed to mark the first land
ing of Americans in Japan
proper since the surrender.
Evening star., 1945-08-25
Army Releases More
Gasoline and Tires
For Civilian Drivers
Remaining Controls Over
PeniciIIin to Be Lifted;
Auto Output Curbs OFF
BY MALCOLM LAMBORNE. Jr

Army cutbacks in gasoline
lubricants and tires brought
more good news for civilian mo-
torists today after the War Pro-
duction Board announcement
that automobile manufacturers
can produce as many new pas
senger cars as they can find ma
terials for. AS many as 100000
automobiles may be produced
during 1945, according to indus
try estimates.
The War Department announced
cancellations of $l9,011, 1853 worth
Of contracts for gasoline and lubri-
cantS at East and West Coast
points From now on, the Army
will rely on spot buying on the
open market.
The Army also declared surplus
254, ,987 tires, mostly truck and
trailer sizes. and $4,000 heavy duty
tubes. This will help relieve a
shortage of commercial vehicle
treads until overall tire production
begins to increase. WPB promises
Improvement in truck tire supplies
within month and passenger car
tires in three months.
Gas Coupons Can Be Discarded.
Preparing the way for eventual
lifting of tires from rationing, the
OPA yesterday gave tire dealers
permission to build up their in
ventories. OPA also said gasoline
ration books could be discarded
now that rationing is over. Earlier,
the agency had suggested that
books be saved as a means of A.
card motorists getting tires. Pre-
sumably when enough tires be-
came available, OPA would open
the market to all comers.
WPB originally had ordered car
manufacturers to hold output to
250,0O0 automobiles this year, but
with the lid off, the industry plan
ned to make every effort to double
this figure. BY the middle Of next
year, the industry hopes to be close
to its prewar rate Of 365, 900 cars
q month.
Although Government officials
had indicated earlier this year that
the first new cars would be rationed
to essential users, the OPA said to-
day that . final decision has not
been reached.
Penicillin to BE Plentiful.
WPB took . number of other steps
yesterday to make available items
long sought. by civilians.
Remaining controls viii be taken
OF the drug penicillin Tuesday and
supplies will become more plentiful.
Manufacturers were told to pro-
(see RECoNvERsION. Page A-30
Evening star., 1945-08-25
Late Bulletin
Gen. ChonnouIt Here

Maj. Gen. Claire L. Chen
nault, who resigned last
month as commander of the
14th Air Force in China, ar
rived at National Airport
shortly after noon today and
planned to report immediate
ly to the War Department. He
flew from China by way of
Europe in a C-47 bearing the
Flying Tiger emblem of the
14th Air Force.
Evening star., 1945-08-25
jap Munitions Industry
Abolished, Tokyo Soys
Ry the Associated Press.

Ey the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Aug. 25.-The Tokyo
radio, in a broadcast recorded by
the Associated Press, said today the
Japanese munitions industry had
been abolished.
The broadcast said Munitions
Minister Chikunei Nakajima would
remain in the cabinet as commerce
and industry minister, and that the
commerce and agriculture minister
Kotamo Sengoku, would remain as
agriculture and forestry minister.
Another hroadcast. quoting jap
anese Army headquarters in North
China, said Gen. Sadamu Shimo-
mura, who has beeh named war
minister, was succeeded in the post
Of supreme commander In North
China by 1t. Gen. Hiroshi Nemoto.