davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-03-10
Smith
Tells OF Hatred
Between Groups
Covenant Setup
Between Poor And
Rich Whites

NEW YORK - CAMP - Amer
lea was warned that racial tensions
are spreading throughout the ma
ton and that there exists an anti
Negro class covenant between poor
and rich whites in Dixie.
Speaking at luncheon mere at
tended by local sponsors OF
Southern conference for Human
Welfare dinner to be given IN nom
or of Mrs. Franklin d. Roosevelt,
Miss Lillian Smith, author OF
"Strange Fruit" warned that the
north is now seething with the
same tensions which were once con-
sidered purely southern property
STEP ON NEGRO
Miss Smith, who revealed she mad
a recent interview with the mayor
of Detroit. described the class cove
nant between poor and rich whites.
"The poor were not to infringe
upon the rights of the rich" she
said, "but they were to be allowed
to maintain a certain amount OF
prestige by stepping on the Negro"
She said "the Negro had no part
in this bargain, that there have
been tremendous migrations north
ward, that bargain has born
strange fruit" The tensions may be
attributed to the fact that the
poor white, who came north In
search of job and prestige, has
not found prestige. He is restless.
The Negro is restless. The rich man
IS restless"
The author described Detroit as
a city "full of tenseness and anxi-
ETY.. The CLIO is working, building.
But the 1900 Holy i2oller ministers
who have come into the city from
the south tear apart everything it
is trying to do.
NEED NEW BARGAIN
1.-The mayor of the city told me"
she continued, "he'd like to keep
the Negroes in the south. But they
won't go back"
Miss Smith warned that 1--WE
need to make a new bargain. In
America" she said, problems that
| begin on one spot become national
| problems. Now, wherever you have
white man, a Negro, poor man,
and rich one, you have the same
problems as you have in the south. "
Clark Foreman, another speaker,
hit the new anti-Negro Commoner
party as akin to the xxx lin that
it is anti-semitic and anti-Negro. .
The Commoner party is reported to
be forming in Georgia. DR.. Chan
ming Tabias also shared the plat
form with Miss Smith.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-03-10
Our Soldiers Haze
Lost Ground, Says
Omcerm Combat
SOMEWHERE IN BELGIUM :

- SOMEWHERE IN BELGIUM -
amp - The status of American
Negro soldiers in World War II
over. those in World War I was
questioned recently by a Negro Of
ficer in this area.
The answer may be definitely In
the affirmative, he said, but con-
tended that with the meager facts
before me, 1t seems that In proper
ton to the number of our group
participating in the armed forces
we have lost ground.
TELLS OF CONFLICT
I'm World War 1, we had the
bulk of colored troops In the SER
vices (quartermaster, pioneers and
sanitary corps), with white COM
manders and colored officers In the
Junior grades of lieutenant" he
pointed out This is true of today.
In World War I, we had. a few
combat units. with mixed officers
who got to the front lines. This is
also true today" But when World
War II is over, the Negro must
face the "old cry that the 'colored
soldier is a good soldier when ably
lead by white officers"
There appears &c be conflict of
opinion as to the use and the
place" for colored troops Il have
had regular army officers admit to
me there are two current theories
about colored soldiers" he revealed
"One is that they are not worth a
damn and the other is that they
are excellent when properly lead"
The American social caste sys-
tenn, he said, made the colored Of
ficer somewhat of problem if not
a nuisance. To be an asset instead
of a liability, the colored officer
must be superior He must be stu
dent of the art of war, able to ham
die and lead any type of men, be
a diplomat, proud but not arrogant
land able to keep the big picture
before him."
FATE PLAYS PART
He showed how fate plays its
part In undoing wrong. "The units
differed entirely by colored Off
GERS have been in quiet sectors
sometimes became very hot" he
said. Then by accident We get 9
shine"
He said that both of the Davis.
es, Brig. Gen. Benjamin 0. Davis,
and his son, 1t. Col Benjamin Q.
Davis, Jr., have been credit to
their country and race but eshS
opinion that the junior Davis was
following in the footsteps of his
father.
Negro citizens, he warned. can
not afford to forget about the
armed forces if they are 20 become
thoroughly integrated into every
not afford to forget about the
phase of American life.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-03-10

making talks to war workers urg-
ing them to increase the output
of vital war supplies. Left to right,
they are: Sgt: Frederick R. Wheeler,
Charleston, S. c.; Sgt. Hugh d.
Thompson, Bufkin, Texas; Sgt.
Samuel B. Hendrix, Claxton, Ga;
LIST 1t. Walter j. Mcdowell, Hack
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-03-10
3oo,oooNeeroes
Shown Catholics

NEW YORK, lamp Negro
Catholics in the United States mum
beer 100000 recent report reveals.
The Catholic church conducts 263
Negro schools enrolling $4,000 pupils
and there are 486 Catholic priests
and 1910 nuns who are giving full
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-03-10

GIVEN MEDAL - Major Hildrus
A Poindexter, Medical Crop, U S.
Army. has been awarded t h e
Bronze Star Medal for merltor1ous
service in support of military oper-
ations against the enemy at Treas
urv. Solomon Islands, In the South
west Pacific area. Major Pom
dexter not only acted in the cara-
city of an infantry division naala-
biologist, but also performed addi-
tional duties of an island command
malariologist. He is professor and
head of the department OF bac-
teriology and public health IN the
Medical School at Howard Univer-
sity.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-03-10

time, to mission work among Ameri.
can Negroes. Twenty-Five orders OF
priests and 70 of nuns are taking
part in this program,
The church maintains one institu-
ton for training Negro priests
in Bay st Louis Miss. The st
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13
SUICIDE TACTICS ADMIT DEFEAT

The Japanese, according to infornla-
ton contained in broadcasts from Tokyo.
plan 20 use all branches of the navy, includ-
inr surface ships. for suicide attacks
against American forces. Changes in the
high command have been made to facilitate
the strategy and tactics of special attacks
which means the suicide offensive.
While the Japanese proclaim the
adoption of this strategy as a sign that they
are preparing to meet the challenge of the
United States. the adoption of such tactics
represents an admission that, insofar as
regular warfare is concerned, the japanese
know that they are in hopeless position.
There is the possibility of severe losses
20 the American Navy in connection with
suicide attacks. When scores of planes
dive upon surface ships, each piloted by an
individual certain of death and determined
solutely impossible. Some of the planes in
evifably get through to the targets ex-
pl0ding upon contact and damaging war
ships.
The development of the suicide often
sive on a large scale will undoubtedly in
crease our losses in the present phase of
the Pacific war. 1t may not, and probably
does not. mean an increase in the total
number of casualties that our forces will
suffer. The desperate method represents
the utmost of Japanese determination and
sts failure. despite some small successes,
will mean the end of japanese hope.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13
MEASURING SUCCESS

Circuit Court Judge Aquilino Lopez,
Jr., yesterday showed us a series of photo
graphs of prominent Key Westers who.
were present when the first train came to
town 33 years ago, and instantly we re-
called the first line of this poem:
ooh, why should the spirit of mortal
be proud?"
And we added to it, or why should it
fret or worry, or brood over disappoint-
ments, or be remorseful about what has
been and wish that it might have been
thus and so, as more promoting of our well
fare as subsequent events have proved, or
be prey to cupidity?
Every time we use the word "cupidity"
we recall what well-knon Key Wester
told us about the many thousands of dol
lars he lost in the crash of Florida's realty
boom 20 years ago, II blame it all on my
cupidity.'
We recalled those things because in
those photographs we recognized many
Key Westers, men of sterling worth, who,
being human, worried, as we are worrying.
today, and sensed disappointments, as we
are sensing them today, and yet they have
passed on, as we will pass on, despite their
worries and despite our worries.
How much better if we could go
through life, disregarding at least the triv-
ialities that go against the grain and adj
justing ourselves to circumstances when
anything turns out in opposition to what
we had hoped.
Impossible, one may say, because of
our very nature. But there are millions of
people, chiefly i'm Asia, who, having done
what they thought was best for them, re-
main calm and collected if disappoint-
ments arise. That attitude is particularly
so among the Persians, and longevity in
Persia is commoner than in any other coun-
try in the world.
But, it may be asked, who would want
to be a Persian? That question is specious
because, in adapting good quality, it is
of no consequence where you get it or from
whom you get it. Besides, whatever may
be ones nationality, it does not justify his
worrying and struggling up to the final
moment of his activity to obtain what we
call success in life.
In the final analysis, success is not
measured as much by the size of ones
bank rolf as it is by the state of his mind
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13
WHY GOVERNMENT COSTS MONEY

The government, through the Defense
Plant Corporation, is to buy S2O,00O,000
worth of troop sleepers and kitchen cars
for use in moving soldiers to the Pacific
area.
The fact that the cars will be needed
for temporary use explains the fact that
the government is having them built for its
account. Obviously, the railroad companies
would not be justified in an expenditure of
this kind, considering the limited oppor-
tunity to make profitable use of the equip
ment.
Eventually, however, the government
will be through with its use of the rolling
stock. What will become of it? The an
swer is that it will be sold as surplus war
goods and the chances are that the rail
roads i'll buy the cars as a bargain price.
The process explains why it is diff
cult, if not impossible, for the government
to make profit on its transactions. either
in times of war or peace.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13
BY EVELYN MuRRAy cAMpBtLL

came over her and conversation
became more and more difficult:
The other three were Carey
and Joan" and "Ray" to each
other and Cynthia felt strange and
left out. not understanding their
smooth iargof1 of motors and gad-
lets. She closed her eyes, shutting
the Brandons out of what be-
longed to them alpne He had
hardly ever mef1tio fed tfese peo-
pie but now she discovered that
he had a past which they had
shared.
an the way home Carey said
" after complete silence.
They're bully people, the Bran
dons."
81 suppose they are" She was
dead tired and coming from the
close heat of the valley into the
sudden sweet chill of the sea made
her sleepy. "On1y please, we won't
talk about them now" She put
her head on his shoulder.
"You didn't take to Joan.S
"Oh, Carey, she's so yoilng--"
She wanted to bite her tongue but
that wouldn't have done any good.
The word was out.
He gave short laugh. "In
years. But she's one of the most
brilliant girls i ever knew. Some
day she's going to hang up a mark
for herself"
"When her children don't need
her any longer"
Cynthia didn't know why she
was so bent on hurting herself. It
was sadistic. 1--WE got to stop
this" she told herself fiercely.
I'm trying to put words into his
mouth. To make him say what /
feel because I'm so afraid he's
feeling it, too"
Having children is a phase. A
woman doesn't need to give her
life to It"
Yet he wanted her to give. up,
her work that she had built almost
from scratch. It didn't make sense.
But she was woman and this
was not the time to go into that.
She pressed closer against him,
letting her slender body go limp.
And at once she had him back.
He was Carey of the lake and
woods. Carey of the long nights
and swift days and she was close
to him, warm and safe as he
wanted her to be and as she
wanted, too.
To be continued
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13
RUSSIA IS STILL GREEN

II is possible that the Stain govern
ment has been trying to overcome the de-
fleets of Us youth by talking back to the
United Nations Conference, in order to
conceal the fact that it is still young and
inexperienced. and learning how to behave
and get along with its co-partners, in the
European war. The old statesmen from the
United States and Great Britain were puz-
zled and disturbed by the rude behavior
and stubborn conduct of Molotov at San
Francisco. Nevertheless. there was prog
ress after few vocal wind storms.
Harry Hopkins was sent to Moscow and
Joseph T.. Davies was sent to London Mr.
Davies was President Roosevelt's personal
representative i'm difficult Missions to Mos
COW"
President Truman concluded that Hop
kins was the strong-man to match against
stain. And Hopkins. on his own RESPONSE
hility. has done an excellent job. He has
been underestimate by the American pub
iic because in the past he appeared only as
a messenger for President Roosevelt. It's
time 90 quit kicking Harry around, and that
Is the exact reason why President Truman
spent several hours with him and then
sent him to talk turkey" to stubborn Joe
Stain. =
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13

wav as she frankly told Cynthia
and Carey, and but for that she
would have had splendid JOB
in the chemistry department OF
the plant. 81 majoreG in chem,
she said dolefully. Nov look at
me" 800
Her husband laughed with a
look of pure love-.
you're doing the best chemis-
try job that was ever invented,
he said.
CYNTHIA found Joan Brandon
~ rather difficult to talk to. She
was interested in only two sub
iects, her college degree and
marriage, and to her that en-
braced the universe. All was
theory. She was ready to prove
l her own at moments notice.
Cynthia was family amused at
| the ambiguity of this. She was in
terested in business and marriage,
too, but as far removed from
Joan's as the poles. But she didn't
feel. up to an argument with a
theorist over the practical appli-
cation of experience. She had had
girls like this one in her Office
from time to time and had seen
| the insurance business iron them
tout into methodical women. But
from the way Mrs. Brandon
looked at her frock she knew that
| she was likely to hear the phrase
economic royalist" at any mo-
ment.
They had nothing in common
and the evening was boring to an
extreme. When che baby howled
through a paper thin partition the
young mother sat still and let him
howl. @
Hadn't you better" Cynthia
protested family, her nerves
twitching.
Robert always cries at this
hour" his mother said With a
lcalm glance at the clock.
ooh, does he? But think of
| the neighbours" She tried to make
| it sound like Joke.
But they all nau MOWERS OF
their own, Joan's tolerant smile
proclaimed to an answering
chorus.
"You don't know babies"
"Don't -" Cynthia wondered if
she did or if she had forgotten.
1t had been long time. This girl
had been younger than Edris was
now when Cythia had stopped
! thinking about babies. A chill
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13
FATHERS DAY

1t is fitting that on at least one day
out of 365 the person who is politely named
the head of the house" should come in
for some small measure of recognition. 1t
is a good idea to have one day on which
father, daddy, dad, pop, pater, the old
man, the governor, or whatever he may be
called, can sleep late, have breakfast in
bed if that is his whim, get the family auto
with no argument (even if the tank is
empty, play golf or fish or just loaf-in
other words, he can be king, if only for
a day.
But Fathers Day in wartime gives rise
to more serious thoughts. 1t will not be
possible for some fathers to receive the
tribute of their families this year For these
fathers must, even on the day which is dedi-
Gated to them, continue their task of kill
ing, of preparing to kill, or of making the
machines to kill 1t is human paradox
that father must meet father in battle and
kill or be killed.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13
TODAY'S
ANNIVERSARIES


1884 - Isaac Mccoy, Indian
agent, Baptist missionary 10 In
dams of the Northwest, pioneer
hero, born Fayette County, Pa.
died June 81, 1846.
1886 - Winfield Scott, famed
soldier-general, the great pacifier
of his generation, Presidential
candidate, born Petersburg, Va.
Died May 20, 1866.
18oe-Phillip St. George Cooke,
soldier, Indian fighter, brother
of noted novelist, born Leesburg,
Va. Died March 20, 1895.
182l-Gustavus v. Fox, civilian
assistant to the secretary OF navy
under Lincoln, whose brilliant
tactical work was largely respon-
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13

YESTERDAY: As Cynthia
acrites checks for her children,s
bills, Ned tcdlks in hdggafd and
distrauqht. He has just learned
of her marriage. No matter srhat
happens, he tells her, she can at
,pdgs count on him. When she
oetS home, Carey is tDaiting tor
her. He demands that SHE gtUe
an her business and stag home.
Cunthid insists that she can't stop
even if she iodTtts to. .as4sls2s
49, -s sSiss;EE szssszf
Chapter 10
rAREY'S arms dropped away
~ from her. She had always been
sweet and yielding beyond belief
but now she was like she had
been when she came to Anneis
cottage, tight Tipped and sure I'M
til he had taken her out OF that.
"I'm getting good salary" ne
said uncertainty but he knew that
it wasn't good enough. 1t wouldn't
pay for slice of this pretentious
house, three cars and a ready
made family. "An right" He
gave ground. At once he spoke of
other things. 81 promised Bran
don we'd run over there tonight.
There's lot to talk about and to-
morrow my job begins in earn
est"
"Over there" meant Burbank
and she was tired and ready to
call it a day. ooh dear" she
gtimaced. "Why couldn't he come
here?"
tHe's my boss" Carey said
rather deliberately, not with
words but meaning. "And there's
a Mrs, Brandon and small baby.
They don't get about much"
The Brandons lived in small
shoe-box house exactly like scores
of others scattered over wide
area of what had been semi des-
ert, like a flock of Leghorn hens,
all white. Grown people looked
and felt awkwardly large in the
tiny rooms and there were not
enough chairs. Ray Brandon was
few years older than Carey and
had keen, intelligent face and
the pleasantest smile Cythia had
ever seen. His wife was just a
girl, barely twenty-three, pretty
and little pouty because she was
so petted by her husband. She
pretended to complain of her
''luck" because there had been the
usual slip-up in their plans. There
was one baby and another on the
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13
TODAY In HISTORY

1898 - United States suspends
commercial relations with France
and war between two seems in
evitable.
1831-The Fairbanks platform
scale patented.
1857 - The day foretold by
European astrologers as day
world to be destroyed-a day of
storms and whirlwinds in Amer
lea.
1894 - u. S. Naval College,
Newport, R. l., opens.
1917 - First American troops,
part of the First Division of the
AEF, sail for France.
1933-President signs the Home
Owners Loan Act.
1885 - Huey Longs 15-hour
unsuccessful filibuster in U. S.
Senate.
1940-Germans march into I'M
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13

defended Paris.
1912 - Germans broadcast its
blockade of US. eastern seaboard
1943 - 26 American bombers
lost in daylight attack on Ger
many.
1914 - General advance all
along the invasion line in Nor
mandy.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13

Why not go to church next Sunday
and compare yourself with standard of
measurement. How do you weigh in the
balanee7
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13
TODAY'S HOROSCOPE

Today gives considerable liter
airy ability with gentle, winning
disposition, a kind heart and a
generous nature. You will make
happy home. Many friends will
be attracted, drawn by sheer
force of the good nature combin-
ed with regard for the inherent
abilities.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13

Miller McClintock, president
Mutual Broadcasting, born Cedar
Rapids, Nebr., 81 years ago.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13

Mark Van Doren ~ hew Ne
noted author. born Hure. IL a
years ago.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13

The bombing of Japan may have lot
60 do with changing the minds of the wor-
shippers of the Sun God.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13

Today The Citizen says in an
editorial paragraph:
"One reason why gentlemen
prefer blondes is because they are
easier to see in the dark"
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13

Some lawyers have been practicing
law for many years and still need lots of
practice.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13

Community service is splendid but do
not go in for it if you expect cash returns.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13

Harry Slattery, former Rural
Identification head, born Green
vile, S. c., So years ago.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13

Miss Sara Fernandez, teacher
at Wesley House, who had been
visiting relatives in Tampa a
week, returned yesterday.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13
KEY WEST in
DAYS GONE BY
FROM FILES OF THE CITIZEN
OF JUNE Is 1895

John J. Shea, of the New York
Aquarium, said today that he
has collected, thus far, more than
1000 fish in local waters for
shipment to the aquarium. Speci-
mems, which are kept in cars at
Curry's fish market wharf, were
bought from local fishermen and
boys. The collection will be ship
ped on the Clyde-Mallory liner
Medina, due here from Galveston
next Monday night.
County Clerk Ross Sawyer adj
vised the county commissioners,
at meeting last night, that the
State Board of Administration
was arranging to liquidate some
of Monroe's bonds.
Residents who have borrowed
money on their homes from the
federal government, and are be-
hind in their payments, were
warned today that they have till
June q to arrange for extensions,
otherwise the government will
institute foreclosure proceedings.
John Gates and J. S. Dongo
have been awarded a contract to
repair the Marine Hospital at a
cost of $6,736.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Cobo, 1894
Catherine street, today an
nounced the birth of son Tues
day afternoon at 2:30 o'clock.
The new arrival weighing nine
pounds, has been named Milo.
Miss Helen Claude Williams,
Eaton street, is entertaining her
former scholmate, Miss Jennie
Warren Brown, of Staunton, Va.
Miss Sara Fernandez, teacher
at Wesley House, who had been
visiting relatives in Tampa a
week, returned yesterday.
Today The Citizen says in an
editorial paragraph:
'One reason why gentlemen
prefer blondes is hecal;se thew are
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13

Miss Helen Claude Williams,
Eaton street, is entertaining her
former scholmate, Miss Jennie
Warren Brown, of Staunton, Va.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-06-13

John Gates and ]. S. Dongo
have been awarded a contract to
repair the Marine Hospital at a
cost of $6,736.