Evening star., 1945-04-29
German Surrender
Reports EIectrify
Security Delegates
BY DOUGLAS B. CORNELL.
ARgan{a "a 0rars Vry-xk..

Associated Press stan Writer.
SAN FRANCISCO, April 28.-
The United Nations Conference
plodding through more words
than work, seized on worldwide
reports of a German surrender
bid today as an incentive for
speed in hammering together a
plan for permanent peace.
Delegates split their time between
listening to two sessions of formal
speech-making and clustering in
groups to 60 over the reports OF
German collapse.
They took heed of urgent pleas
Of some of their leaders that I'VE
must not delay" Said Czech For
eign Minister Jan Masaryk in the
days opening address:
I'VE have an almost crushing re-
sponsibility"
Thus far the major accomplish
ment of the conference, which
opened last Wednesday, has been
the attainment of harmony on the
surface. Looking ahead, represent
atives Of 46 nations are focusing
on an old issue now assuming great
er prominence-a demand of small
er countries for q bigger break in
shaping peace.
The Big -Four sponsoring nations
Russia, Britain, China and the
United States-evidently will have
to wrestle with this demand soon.
Dutch Hit Dumbarton Plan.
Already chiefs of the Australian,
Belgian and Bolivian delegations
have made their bid in public ad-
dresses at plenary sessions. And
the Dutch circulated a memorandum
among delegates advancing seven
amendments to the Dumbarton
Oaks plan-which was drafted by
the Big -Four and adopted as the
conference agenda.
The Netherlanders contend Dum-
barton Oaks offers no real basis
for successfully maintaining peace.
The small nations pressure
brought about expansion of the con-
ference's Executive Committee from
II to IA members. Now they ap-
pear bent on getting the same in
crease in the membership Of the
proposed World Security Council
the instrumentality which would be
empowered to use armed force to
prevent war.
Several speakers at today's con-
ference session broached the sub
Ject OF more weight for smaller ma
tlons in a peace organization. Yet, |
despite the fact that the Dutch are
backing a number of amendments,
their Foreign Minister, DR.. Eelco
van kleffens, asserted they are pre-
pared to accept dominance of the
Big -Four, plus France. in organiz-
ing world security
Limits on Sovereignty"
The Netherlands, he said, would
like to see limits on sovereignty"
accepted by all nations. Even If
this can't be done all at once. he
said, the Dutch will "be proud" to
accept them here.
The Lebanese leader, Charles
Habib- Malik, underscored the partt
small nations are playing in the war
and said they had a right to be
heard in the peace organization.
Honduras Julian Caceres said.
whether nations be great or small,
able to defend themselves unaided. 7
or whether they be protected by
only inner moral strength, each is
necessary to the other in world
civilization and culture"
Egypt's Abdul Hamid Badawi
Pasha proposed the peace organiza-
ton have a system of checks and
balances to attain a better working
relationship between large, middle
and small powers. He recon-
mended that the proposed Security
Council have IA instead of IL mem
bers and that nonpermanent mem
bers be elected on a regional basis.
india Accents Human Rights.
1ndia's Sir A. Ramaswami Muda-
lier told the delegates not to over
look human rights or social and
economic conditions which lead to
aggression.
1T would like to draw attention
OF the great powers" he said, that
no one individual could have stood
up against aggression. This has
been accomplished only by uniting
the big powers and also by the con-
tribution of small countries"
Trans Mostafa Adj also stressed
conference objectives and the need
for setting up an organization to
assure an end to war.
Probably no more than half the
delegates were in their places during
the addresses. Russia had a heavy
turnout, headed by Foreign Com
missar Molotov.
Alter sitting patiently in his seat
all morning, jotting down notes as
other delegates spoke, Mr.. Molotov
picked up the gavel this afternoon
to exercise for the first time his
right as cochairman of the confer
ence.
He was applauded heartily as he
strobe onto the stage, indicating the
delegates had dropped the doubtings
aroused at the start of the confer
ence by his insistence on sharing
the Craftsmanship with Secretary of
State Stettinius, British Foreign
Secretary Anthony Eden and Chi
nese Foreign Minister T. v. Soong.
Molotov Draws Applause.
MIR. Molotov, smiling broadly,
said, "First of all, permit me to
thank you for having elected me.
the Soviet representative, as one of
the four chairmen of the confer
ence."
Pausing for an outburst of ap-
plause, he resumed, Assuming the
discharge of my duties, I express
my gratitude that the Russian Ian
guage will be heard from this high
tribune"
He then declared the plenary ses-
sion open, waved a reply to the del
eg ates' applause, and sat back with