davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-09-29
Kramer Instituted
Brutal Camp Regime.
Atrocity Court Told
Ey the Associated Press.

LUENEBURG, Germany, Sept. 29
Three prosecution witnesses de-
clared in succession today that a
regime Of beatings. brutality and
hunger was instituted at the Bel
sen concentration camp by Josef
Kramer
Winding up the second week Of
the war crimes trial of the camp
commandant and A SIS guards, the
witnesses said conditions at Belsen
were relatively decent before Kra-
mer took over last December.
The witnesses were Ruta Hopper,
Estena Guterman and Paula Zyn-
ger, former internees at both Belsen
and Oswiecim, where Kramer had
served previously.
They identified Helena Hopper as
Polish internee who sold out
became a block leader at Belsen
and rivaled the German guards in
cruelty.
Helena Klein. who was 18 when
she was arrested at her home in
Poland in December. 1892, and
moved to Oswiecim, identified lC
of the prisoners in the dock.
She said she had once been Sc
lected to go to the gas chamber
She testified she begged Franz
Hessler, who supervised the selec-
ton, to spare her, but he replied
You have lived long enough. Come
my child, come"
Hessler directed her to a table
where numbers of the selected in
ternees were being recorded, but she
slipped away and escaped observa-
ton, Miss Klein told the court.
Hessler, she said, failed to recognize
her in subsequent encounters.
Few witnesses remained to be
called by the prosecution, but read
ing of aff1davits into the record may
take several days.
There were indications the de-
fense might call each defendant to
the witness box In his own defense
Evening star., 1945-09-29
Army ConsoIidates
Information Services
Under Gen. SurIes

Consolidation of all information
services of the War Department in
a new setup under Maj. Gen. Alex
ander r. Surles as director OF in
formation was announced yesterday
in a move to establish single re-
sponsible policy head.
It is a step up for Gen. Surles.
partially in recognition OF his War-
time services as director OF the
Public Relations Bureau since Au-
gust, 1941. He will be succeeded
in the Public Relations Bureau by
Brig. Gen. Luther L. Hill, brother
of Senator Lister Hill, Democrat, OF
Alabama. Gen. Hill recently was
promoted after being named deputy
director of the bureau.
Other Agencies Reorganized.
In addition to the Public Rela-
tions Bureau, the other agencies in
cluded in the reorganization are the
legislative and liaison division OF the
general staff, which is under Maj.
Gen. Wilton B. Persons, and the
information and and education dl-
vision of which Maj. Gen. Frederick
H. Osborn is director.
The change means that Gen. Os-
born is removed from direct re-
sponsibility to Gen Brehon Somer-
veil, chief of the Army Service
Forces, and now will operate un-
der overall supervision of Gen.
Surles
The three agencies, each OF which
will continue to function independ-
emily of the other, serve different
purposes in the Arnys information
program. The Public Relations
Bureau releases news through the
press, radio and picture services.
Provides Data for Congress.
Gen. Persons agency furnishes
information about the Army to
members of Congress, particularly
with respect to inquiries addressed
to Congress by the public. 1t also
supplies figures and other informa-
ton to Congress in considering leg
islative matters. Gen. Osborn s
principal information function is to
supply news for the troops at home
!, and overseas. His agency super
vises all soldier publications and
operates the Armed Forces Radio
Service, as well as providing educa-
tiorlal courses for troops through
the Armed Forces Institute.
One effect of the change, it was
learned, will be to provide a more
careful screening of officers who are
. entrusted with furnishing informa-
ton about the Amy to members OF
Congress. In connection with the
: pressing problems of rehabilitation,
the occupation of enemy territory
! and reconversion, the work of this
division will be expanded. Much
of the information given to men,
bers of Congress and especially to
committees is OF a confidential ma
ture, requiring close guarding
against possible leaks"
Evening star., 1945-09-29
100 RAAF Planes 10 Join
Occupation Of Japan
BY the Associa ed Press.

BY the Associated Press.
TOKYO, Sept. 29,-Australian All
Commodore F. R. w. Scherger saic
today that more than 100 planes ano
1850 personnel of the Royal Aus
tralian Air Force would arrive ir
Tokyo within three or four weeks
to aid in the occupation of Japan
Commodore Scherger. seeking
suitable base for the planes and mer
in this area, said the force already
had been assembled in Borneo anc
was ready to fly here as soon al
accommodations we're arranged.
The force consists of 100 Psi
fighter planes, several transport
planes and service and medical ele.
mentS.
Evening star., 1945-09-29
Patton JoviaI, Smiling
After Giving Bavaria
Report 10 Eisenhower
~ the Associated Press.

FRANKFURT, Sept. 29.-Sum-
noned by his chief, Gen. George S
Patton, jr.. reported personally on
the Qualification program in Ba-
varia in conference yesterday with
Gen. Eisenhower lasting 2 hours
and 20 minutes.
Jovial and smiling, Gen. Patton
emerged from headquarters with
Gen. Eisenhower and posed for pic
lures.
Gen. Eisenhower said he had nc
statement to make, and remarked
there was nothing unusual" in his
comforting with one of his Army
commanders.
when 7 have any information
I'll let you know, so don't worry
the supreme commander declared
Surprised by Newsmen.
Scrubwomen already were swab-
bing the floors and only few duty
officers and white-scarved guards
remained when the conference
ended. Gen. Eisenhower appeared
surprised when he saw waiting
neWSmen.
What do you want?" he asked
and then told them they knew he
frequently talked with Army COM
manders and did not give public
reports on what was discussed.
I'm running a job and doing
the best I can with it" Gen. Eisen-
hover added.
Informed officers declared re-
ports that Gen. Patton might be
relieved by Gen. Eisenhower were
unfounded gossip mongering."
Gen. Patton invited one photog-
rapher to visit the Sd Army and
show him how to operate some OF
his cameras, explaining, Il am an
amateur camera fam"
Gen. Patton talked with Robert
Murphy, Gen. Eisenhower's chief
political adviser, before leaving
Munich yesterday. Mr.. Murphy and
an Army investigator have been ex-
amining the political situation in
Gen. Patton's district.
New Directive Prepared.
Meanwhile, it was learned that
Gen Eisenhower had ready for sig
nature a new directive designed to
tighen up the loosely knit organiza-
ton of the American military gov
eminent, described by some officers
as full of red tape, confusion and
doubt"
Designed to get the policy makers
and the men in the field working
together more closely. the directive
included:
/. Coordination of activities in
the American occupation zone, with
control exercised through general
administrative departments for Ger
many to be established by the four
power Allied authority.
2. Preparation for ultimate trans
fer of the military government to
American civilian agencies, separate
from Gen. Eisenhowers forces.
1t. Gen. Lucius D. Clay, head
of the military government under
Gen. Eisenhower said this week the
Allies soon" w6uld set up five CEN
trail departments to administer Ger
many's transportation, communica-
tions, finance, foreign trade and
industry.
Evening star., 1945-09-29

Greenbelt Lake
a t er he had
jumped in fully
clothed.
Greenbelt po-
lice S a id the
youth, who had
gone to the lake
with six COM
p a n ! on S, ap-
parently started
to swim across
the lake on a
dare and went
down about 80
feet from shore.
One Of h / S
companions re-
Evening star., 1945-09-29
Two Pilots Die Of Burns
Saving ; Crew Members
Ey the Associated ,,ress

BY the Associated Press.
BOISE, Idaho. Sept. 29-Two
heroic Gowen Field airmen who
refused to leave the controls of their
flaming bomber before bringing it
in for safe landing and saving the
lives of three other crew members,
died OF burns yesterday.
They we're Maj. William r. Nc
Kinley, 26, of Page, Idaho, and LIST
1t. Benjamin M. Huffman, 26
Wichita, Kans.
1t. Huffman's parents live in
Clarksburg, w. Va.
Evening star., 1945-09-29
Bankers Wife Found
Stronqled in Basement

Bc the Associated Press.
PITTSBURGH. Sept. 2s.-Mrs
Madeline Blackburn, Al. wife of a
bank official, was found strangleo
in the basement of her Devon roac
home here yesterday.
Police said an electric cord was
looped around her neck and around
a water pipe. They added Mrs
Blackburn had been i'll for the las
10 years and was to have visited 6
physician yesterday afternoon.
Her husband, Frederick G. Black.
burn. vice president of the Unior
Trust Co, found the body. ,.,.-
Evening star., 1945-09-29
Youth browns Trying to Swim
Across Greenbelt Lake on Dare

william r. Helm, is, son Of Mr..
and Mrs. William M. Helm, 5l06
Forty second avenue, Hyattsville,
was drowned last night in the
Evening star., 1945-09-29
The Presidents FIuo

The President of the United States
personal flag consists Of the presi-
Dental seal in bronze. under a blue
background, with a white star in
each corner.
Evening star., 1945-09-29
FOUND.

EHILD's EYEGLASSES, brown leather
case. Owner may havs ssme b. calling
Silver eorins OLA.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-05
Reynolds Folds
Nationalist Porfy

WASHINGTON IPA) = The
reactionary anti-labor Nation
alist Party" headed by former
Senator Robert R. Reynolds, col
lapsed last week. Disclosures
that the Nationalist Party had
won the support of Gerald L. K.
Smith and other union-busting
demagogues were credited with
signing the death warrant for
Reynolds scheme.
Actually the Nationalist Party
was never more than a paper
organization although it hoped
to have a presidential candidate
of its own in 1948. Final death
of the party was indicated with
the revelation that its paper, the
National Record, will discon-
tinue publication with the Octo-
Der issue. Tie-ups between the
Party and such ma
tive American fascists as Joe
McWilliams, of the Christian
Front, fastened the organiza-
tons death.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-05
Expect Food
Cost Hike

WASHINGTON, Oct. 2 (LPA)
Abolition of government food
subsidies which have saved the
average American worker al
least $40 a year on his food bill,
is being planned by top stabili-
zation officials. The move is led
by Agriculture Department Sec
retary Clinton Anderson and Re-
conversion Director John w.
Snyder.
Cancellation of the subsidies,
which go chiefly to professors,
Gamers and farmers, is expected
within the next two weeks. If
Anderson and Snyder get away
with their scheme, which will
not need congressional approval,
the average food bill will be
considerably increased. Cancel
lation of the subsidies will mean
that consumers actually pay
more than the amount of money
saved by the government. In
some instances the subsidies
have been paid for the produc-
tion of foods that would not
have been marketed
because there was no profit in
them.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-05
National
Supply Unit Neevs

Shorty" Sager isn't bothered
by the gas shortage. He lives
across the street from the plant.
He formerly drove to work.
Orchids to the two gals who
have done a good job in the
cafeteria. They take beefs and
ribbing with a smile and still
do a good job with what they
have to work with.
Special meeting. Be sure and
attend. It's important.
AS predicted in this column
several months ago, dept. 38 is
abolished.
The girls are gone, but the
committee is fighting the battle.
1t may take little time due to
the problems that must be
solved, but Well keep you post
ed on developments.
Please report humorous Incl
dents etc. to John Mcknight
your reporter who is having a
tough time of it geeting the gos-
sip now that the girls are gone.
James Walker Jr. and Roy
Trimmer have returned to their
jobs as boring mill operators.
They formerly were leaders. Say
he two, "those mills may be-"
boring, but they are less grief.
Both boys did a good job and
managed to keep everybody rea-
sonably well satisfied.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-05
JAW Announces
Tolerance Drive

DETROIT, Oct. l. The UAW-
CIO Fair Practices Committee
has announced plans for a ma
ton wide Poster of-the-Month
campaign on, tolerance. The post
ers, each of which is designed
by an artist of international
reputation, call. attention to some
aspect of the unions fight
against employment discrimina-
ito The Identical poster will be
exhibited each month in a thou
sand UAW locals and plants
throughout the United States
Preparation of the posters is
being supervised by the Inde-
pendent Citizens Committee of
the Arts, Sciences and Profes-
sionS a New York organization
headed by 10 Davidson, the
sc llptor, and made up of the ma
tons most noted artists, scien-
fists and writer's.
h October poster will be a
color design depicting four
heads, each an outstanding hero
Of World War II. There is a Ne
gro, white Gentle, a Jew and
an American soldier of foreign
The legend on the post
is "TheSe Americans died that
We may live and work to-
5ether."
Geo. w. Crockett, Jr., execu-
tive director of the unions Fair
P acticeS Committee pointed out
that the posters for succeeding
will have a similar mo
theme and, in
will tie in any signifi-
can't holidays occurring during
he month.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-05
Union Vets Group
Gaininq Strength

CHICAGO, Sept. 30 LPA)-
The National Conference of
Union Labor Legionnaires, rep
resenting 130 trade union posts
of the American Legion, is grow
ing swiftly with the return of
thousands of World War II vet
Grams.
The Union Legionnaires,
whose posts combine both AFL
and CIO members, announced
that Union Legion groups have
been set up recently in IL cities
Cincinnati, New Orleans, Kal-
amazoo, Cleveland, Grand
Rapids, Kansas City, Toledo,
Buffalo, Detroit, Camden, New
ark. Inquiries on how to organ
ize a trade union post have been
received from Is other cities
ranging from Washington, D. c.,
to Honolulu, Hawaii.
The rapid growth of the Union
has not been well
coined by sections of top Legion
leadership, which has been re-
peatedly criticized by AFL and
CIO officials. Labor post char
ters have been refused in both
Buffalo and Kansas City. The
inside struggle against reaction
ary Legion leadership has been
1ighlighted by the appeal of the
Union Legionnaires for letters to :
20 to Commander Scheiberling
asking that the Buffalo and
Kansas City charters be granted.
The American Legion's ma
ional convention will be held
n Chicago for three days start
ng Nov. 18, and it is expected
hat union influence will be
stronger than ever before. Both
AFL President William Green
md CIO President Murray have
oeen invited to speak.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-05
Champion Unit
Sparklets

Ha fever season must be over
now, as Margaret Beach is back
on the job again. Imagine only
having to carry one handker-
chief again.
After serving 18 months in
the U. S. Navy, Frank Macy has
been discharged and reported to
work Monday. Glad to have him
back.
Overheard a conversation the
other day, and believe the fell
lows in dept. III" are willing to
send Dale Irwin to the Liars
Club" convention this year.
They have sure winner.
A corsage of Marigolds was
presented to Celia Ryan, by her
fellow workers in celebration of
her goth year with the Cham
pion.
Champion Unit expresses SYM
pathy to Mary Altweis in the
recent death of her husband.
John Byrd has been elected
chairman of the War Chest Cam
paign for 1916 and asks the full
support of the employees of the
Champion Spark Plug Co.
Henry Greene is in the hos
pital having his tonSils removed.
Glenn Jones said that he didn't
see any diff renee in the meals
now being served in the restau-
rant, since he is now having
soup only. P. S. No teeth.
After seeing Ed Rofkar and
Lynn Sanford carrying bushel
of cantaloupes down the street
la. week, we have been won
dering. Is it possible to can mel
ons, or do they have interest in
a fruit stand or restaurant?
James Ubry is confined to bed
in Mercy Hospital with a broken
Les, which he received when he
was struck by car, as he was
crossing Brown Ave. last Fri
day. Take it easy Jim.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-05
New World Union
Group Expected
By October 9th

WASHINGTON LPA) = A
new world trade union organi-
zation came gradually to birth
in Paris last week as represen-
tatives of labor groups in 46
nations debated a proposed con-
stitution submitted by Loui S
Saillant, secretary of the French
General Confederation of Labor.
More than 75,000,000 workers
from SO countries will be rep
resented in the projected World
Federation of Trade Unions
which will include U. S., British
and USSR labor groups. Pre-
liminary discussions on the con-
stitution showed that the CIO
with % votes may hold the bal
ance of power. CIO is accred-
tied with 100000 members,
and the British unions with T.
100000.
Birth pains of the WFTU were
emphasized in a conflict be-
tween Sir Walter Citrine, head
of the British Trade Union Con-
gress, and Saillant who was
joined by Sidney Hillman and
representatives of Latin Ameri-
can and Australian labor organ
cations. 1t was generally agreed,
however, by all delegations that
it would be disastrous if any dis
agreements prevented the for
nation of the WFTU. Citrine's
fight centered around his belief
that the WFTU executive COM
mittee, by a tWo-thirds vote,
should have power to change
the constitution. His position
was opposed by Sidney Hillman,
head of the CIO delegation, and
Vincente l.. Toledano, president
of the Confederation of Latin
American Workers. The Paris
is expected to end
Oct. 8.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-05
Racine JAW
Members Launch
Educational PIun

RACINE, Wis. (LPA)-UAW
locals in Racine have launched
an ambitious workers education
project financed by an annual
assessment of 81 per member.
Hugh Reichard, formerly with
the UAW consumer division, has
been engaged as director, and
the first basic stewards course
has been completed, with 48
graduates finishing the course.
The council is now embarking
on another stewards course, to
be followed by a class in time
study and job evaluation. Class
es are also under way in prac-
tical speaking, parliamentary
law, labor's past and future, and
full employment problems. Free
labor movies are shown every
Friday night in the councils
headquarters, and monthly
discussion meeting on pertinent
topics has been started. The
council also has a labor library
which is open five evenings a
week.
In addition, the education
council helps sponsor other af-
fairs. The recent midwest La
Dor Coop conference was spon-
Sored by the education council |
and a mass rally for a 30 per
cent increase and jobs for all
was held last week under the
auspices of the UAW District
Council 8 and the education
council.
The council is affiliated with
both the American Labor Edu-
cation Service and the Workers
Education Bureau. All classes
ire open free of charge to CIO
members and AFL members
ire admitted for a small fee.
The unions in Racine are de-
ermined to build strong, in
elligent rank and file, together
With a militant, educated Sec
'ndary leadership.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-05
Lakeside Unit


Charles Warner has been
elected secretary of the Unit re-
placing Al Cappellety who re-
signed. We know Fuzzy" will
do a good job. He has worked
in the baking dept. for more
than 80 years.
Virginia Kowalec was re-
elected chairman of the enter
tainment committee. The reward
for good work is more work.
Harry Kelmer and Jimmie
Wright are in the hospital as the
result of serious auto accident.
Clyde Wheeler is also on the
sick list. Ditto John Buchert.
Otto Gottschaldt has returned
from service overseas.
Jean Szafarek's boy friend has
returned from overseas. That
deWy look can mean but one
thing-wedding bells.
Blanche Zazinski rises to in
quire why Alice Ploughman and
Theresa Wintermantle think she
is crabby. 1t musta been some
thing they ct, such as hot dawgs.
Helen Fruesch is going hot on
the Local IL bowling league.
Alta girl Helen.
Florian Fricks former mem
Der of our Unit is now employed
at WHY'S. Ditto for AL Royston.
Frank Wheeler will represent
our Unit at the Region 2-B con-
ference in Piqua, Oct. 20.
Maxine Comfort is in the
dumps these days since her son
Bob went to the Navy. Cheer up
pal, the wars over.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-05
DeMiIIe Rebuffed
By Labor. Legion

NEW YORK NPA)-Cecil B.
DeMille, the most recent fair
haired boy of the nations union
busting interests, got an Amer
ican Legion medal last week.
DeMille, who has organized
the DeMille Foundation for Po-
litical Freedom, complained in
nationwide broadcast about
union tyranny" The Legion's
Americanism Award to DeMille
brought storm of protest from
Labor and Legion groups. The
famous movie producer first ran
afoul of the trade union move
ment last year when, as a men,
Der of the American Federation
of Radio Artists (AFL), he re-
fused to pay a 81 union assess
ment to defeat anti-labor legis-
lation in California.
DeMille's tyranny" charge in
cluded a contention that "the
of Americans, includ-
ing the majority of union mem
bers, are opposed to the closed
shop"
The Americanism Award was
given to DeMille by the Wall
Street Post of the American
Legion. The National Confer
ence of Union Labor Legion
naireS composed of trade union
members of the Legion, asked
L egion Commander Edward
Scheiberling not to attend the
ceremonies. Said the Confer
ence, "We feel that your pres
,nce at such a presentation
would lend an air of official
legion sanction to DeMille's
ide of the labor dispute"
AFL President Green also
oined the protests and in tele-
ram told Scheiberling that if
lie accepted the invitation he
would jeopardize relations be-
ween the Legion and Labor.
'cheiberling, who had been
sked to make the presentation
peech, failed to appear. Despite
his rebuff, the DeMille Founda-
ion for Political Freedom is ex-
ected to develop into an anti
abor and union-busting organi-
alton that will be increasingly
by reactionary Cali
ornia employers.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-05
Coop Insurance
Companies cain

COLUMBUS, Ohio (CLNS)-
The Farm Bureau group of CO.
operative insurance companies
reported continued advancement
in the first six months of 1945
to establish new records of CO.
operative insurance business, ac-
c. ding to j. E. Keltner, treas
urer of affiliated companies.
Farm Bureau Mutual Auto
Insurance Company, already the
fourth largest mutual casualty
company in the country, re-
ported premium income of S.
584,089 in the first six months
of 1945, an increase of more than
one and a half million dollars
over the $4,973,237 premiums,
of the same period in 1914. AS
sets jumped from thirteen and
one half million dollars at the
end of 1914 to SIS, ,106,841, June
30.