davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-09-15
BEFORE WAR NIPPONESE
FEMS WERE VIRTUAL
SLAVES TO THEIR MEN
FOLKS
By ADELAIDE KERR


japanese now in the Unit
eel States say the NIppOneSe
womans war activities on
farm. factory aud fighting
line have done much 10 free
her from her old position.
which Was virtually that of
mans slave.
They expect 90 see her
much more active in careers
aud politics in the postwar
world and even 10 win the
right 90 vote ln the next -
years. ThoSe who express
that opinion are chiefly iden-
titled with educational fields
None Of them want O. be
quoted. They are IN the
United States a. enemy
aliens and under injunction
not to talk.
But what they say sums up
% this:
Tire position of Japan
csc women already had be-
gun to change before the
war. During the war they
produced most Of the coun-
try's food and much of rs
weapons and even fought
in battle. After the war .
certain number ct them
can be expected Co exeFl
Themselves In education.
literature, art, birth con
troll. the Labor Movement
and the ~oman's suffrage
movement"
ttfur. fls vaf Japan, e. EuIr-
IN Wcrr considered e,n. tils e.
ho tn unhaVpil 81 most Iesirigt, 3
vrr.gr va. ruf.HE .'f
T.. st.. .tt. as Uu $50
u- .r. tl,s.Irl .,
Thru marriages GENERALLY u,le
arranged tt family ra. f.-
ups'. .nd r.s.s ui u,u t
fhr NsrH. uu,. a'.. u 's..
Hrf.a, raIHals ON. .H.r# .
t.t.r #U tf ~. tf 81. i.f
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-09-15
Seventeen Jap Leaders 10
Give Themselves Up For Trial
Best known Of tsroup
Who win stand Trial
As War Criminals l.
Former Minister Teie

TOKYO. Sept. Is-sevrn.
teen Japanese leaders g..
formed Csnsval NaeAEthuF
today that they wiil size
themselves np ZEE trial -
war criminslz. and annah9f
prominent Jap soammlaaesi
suicide.
The best knowm 81 the 4
was former FoFeinn minister
Togo. who heid that ullige
when the sneak attaek w
made on Pear HarisoF "A
Is listed b. Mac AFthur g.
Jspan's No. Z criminal e.
No. I being former l'FsmitF
TOTO. Who attempted suigss.s
early IN the week ard whn
u now eonxaleseinR ln e.
base hospital in Nokai afla
"No Foolishneas''
General Mac ArihuF. e 81
dcrs issued to-day. CAV tht
Jap tn understand m tm
phatiC language tha' D.
would not eountemsnrr ths
least foolishness in deulaad
inE that Jap waFiura i
mit o. arrest.
Within tao hnnFs after -
had made that atattrns 81.
imperial headauAFtsFs es
him liat II the III r.
who had agreed g. NHU
themselves ~.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-09-15
WAR FREES JAP WOMEN
FROM OLD RESTRICTIONS
MAYOR URGES ALL
STORM PRECAUTIONS

Mayor John Carbonall.
throush The Citizen. urges
citizens end residents in gen
srsi 90 take ell necessary pre-
cautions saainst the threat
ened storm headed toward
the south Florida eoast.
Mayor csrbonell states that
every effort should be made
toward protection By ell pea
sens IN the Kew West srea.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-09-15
TWINS GARAGE
ReODened for Business

The TWINS Garage al Du-
val and Catherine Street, Is
re-"pencd for business by the
famous Twins. Peter ami
Tony E>tenoz. and Will do
the same guaranteed work
on repairing and painting
automobiles a. they did be-
fore the war.
PHONE l69
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1945-11-01
No Atom Bomb Defense Seen

COPENHAGEN. Oct. 4.-Niels
Bohr, Danish natural scientist who
was closely associated with the
atomic bomb research. told an as
sembly of technicians here that
he believed no defense against the
bomb was possible, and thus talk
of military bases is nonsense
Addressing the Engineers So
ciety of Copenhagen, he estimated
that the United States can pro-
duce about three Kilograms zap
proximately seven pounds) daily
of uranium, the elem ent used in
the manufacture of the bomb. A
form of the element, known as
Uranium 235, is the agent which
releases the vast atomic energy.
DIR. Bohr. whose research aided
in the development of the weapon,
explained that in order to produce
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1945-11-01

even minute quantities of the
element, an extensive laboratory
and factory are necessary. The
amount of uranium produced by
the United States, he said, gave
an idea of the fantastic factories
erected.
He said the neutrons which
bring about the explosion of the
bomb have a velocity of 6,210
miles a second. He said the radio
activity at explosion was compar-
able to the effect of thousands of
pounds of radium- lin fact, in
comprehensive"
He said he hoped the nations of
the world would agree upon in
ternational control of atomic en-
ergy so that it could be used for
the benefit of mankind
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1945-11-01
PAGEFIFTEEN

further number of 500 Danes and
Norwegians have completed or
discontinued their courses, many
of them called up for service in
the Norwegian and Danish police
forces which We're trained in Swe-
den. Their maintenance costs and
studies are, however, paid for by
their respective governments, and
only relatively few scholarships
have beer needed.
One of the main tasks of the
Nordic Students Relief is to fur
Their inter-Nordic academic COOP
Grafton for greater exchange
of scholars, etc. The organization
has also reserved a fund to defray
the cost of food cons.gments to
Norway.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1945-11-01
MORSE SEANEN
ON WAY HOME

Bound for their homeland after
bitter months of Jap captivity, 10
Norwegian seamen boarded a train
at Union Station in Seattle for
New York and the last lap of
their long trip to Norway.
Happy to be free and going
home, the Morse seamen, neverthe-
less, were anxious over the fate of
loved ones in Norway from whom
most of the men haven't heard
since 1889 or earlier.
whether our families sur
vived Nazi occupation we do not
Know" said Brent Olsen, whose
ship was captured in Hong Kong
early in the war. "The last word
l had of my father in SarsbOrg
was six years ago. 1t is the same
with the others. But we will
soon KNOW"
Most of the men had been away
from three to five years before
their ships became prey of the enc
my. They represented six different
vessels that were sunk or captured
by Japs and Nazis. The seamen
came here recently on the trans
port Gen. w. C. Langfitt.
During their stay in Seattle, the
Norsemen were feted at the Left
Erikson Day celebration of the Left
Erikson Foundation and were tax
en- to Mt. Rainier by the Camp Lit
tie Norway Association.
c. A. Stang, Norwegian consul,
and representatives of local Nor
wegian groups were at the station
to see the mariners off.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1945-11-01
Sweden's Part In
Reconstruction

The total of Swedish credits
and gifts to war ravaged coun-
tries, reckoned from the begin
ming of the war in f pc,
amounts to about 200 million
kronor. TIL s sum equals two
Swedish Government budgets from
the late thirties, or about one
fourth of the national debt, which
has increased fourfold since 1889.
In U. S. currency the total Of
credits and gifts is equivalent to
1878 100000. (Sweden's popula-
ton is about six and a half aul-
lion; its present national income
is estimated at about 81 billion
dollarc.)
Before the end of the year the
total of credits and gifts VIII
probably come close to 3 billion
kronor. Additional grants for
these purposes are expected dur
ing the fall session of the Rii's-
dag. which started in the end OF
October.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1945-11-01
Murdered Danish
Patriots Re-buried

A hundred and eight Danish pa
triots murdered by the Nazis were
re-buried and honored recently on
the second anniversary of Den
marks open fight against the
Germans and beginning of the
Gestapos terror period. The
ground the invaders used as an
execution field was consecrated as
a national memorial grove where
all those wishing it may bury
their fallen.
The patriots had been crudely
buried in long rows of nameless
gravevs. Three stakes pierced and
splintered by firing-squad bullets
were the only remaining sign of
the victims ordeals. Narrowing
scenes attending the digging up
and identification of bodies and
transferring them to chapels pre-
coded the ceremony.
The day was declared a national
holiday and from early morning
thousands of citizens went to the
courtyard of Christiansborg Castle
where the collins had been guard
ed over night. The mourning pro-
cession of 10s military vans, each
followed by car with next of kin.
passed through streets lined by
citizens with barred heads.
A crowd of 100000 persons. in
Guiding King Christian and Queen
AleXandrine, gathered at the men,
orlal grove to watch the ceremony
which ended as partisans slowly
lowered the flag-covered coffins
into the graves
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1945-11-01
Yanks In Norwav
"Canne And Saw
And Conquered"

On Wednesday, Oct. II. Oslo
bid a sad farewell to the last de-
parting American occupa i n
troops in Norway. They had ar
rived five months before during
the first uncertain hours of Nor
ways liberation and had stayed
to share some of the greatest
days of that country's history.
They came to occupy the coun-
try and left, as the Norwegians
say, Ware hjerters okkupanter-
the occupiers of our hearts"
A week earlier, khaki clad
Yanks had stood at stiff atten
ton before the ROYAL Palace while
Col. Edwin Walker presented the,
banner to King Haakon. At later
ceremonies King Haakon decor.
ated American Colonies Charles
Fl. Wilson. Paul B. Boyd and Ed.
win A. Walker with the Command
ers Cross of the Order of st
Olav. A number of other Ameri.
can officers We're presented with
Norwegian decorations in recog.
milton of their outstanding serv,
ice in the liberation of Norway
For each American soldier there
was a diploma signed by Crown
Prince Olav thanking him for his
part in restoring freedom to our
land"
AS the U. S. Liberty ship Bein-
vile drew away from the quay
there We're MANY aboard who took
their leave of Norway with mixed
emotions. Seventy of the 400
Americans were leaving their
brides behind while many Yanks
were counting the hours until
their Norwegian finances could
join them. The number of mar
riages and engagements among
the American troops was. accord
ing to Col. Walker, unusually
high.
All material and equipment
which the American forces had
brought with them, including $40
trucks and autos, was turned over
to the Norwegians. Supplies of
food and clothing were transferred
to MIRA representatives for
distribution in Norway.
In the best American manner
the doughboys "came. saw and
conquered"
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1945-11-01


tween the two countries were for
mally suspended. Of 100000
tons of Swedish iron ore contract
ed for by the Germans for deliv-
cry in 1914, only 100000 tons
were actually shipped.
Since the last ore-laden train
left kiruna for Narvik, on Oct.
70 1914, mining operations in the
swedish Arctic have been held to
minimum, but even so, the stock
pile of ore has been growing fast.
Now that the war is at an end
and the Swedish ore interests
realize Germany will be out as a
potential customer for long
time, one of the biggest econom-
&c problems for Sweden is where
TO sell the country's huge output
OF iron ore, in the postwar period.
with anything like the profits in
the former trade with Germany.
Swedish trade negotiators lost
no time trying to solve this prob
lem after the end of hostilities
in Europe. In the past few months.
Sweden has signed trade agree
ments with Great Britain, Poland.
Belgium, and other countries the
keynote of which has been to
provide new outlets for the Swed-
ish ore that Germany no longer
can buy and to find substitutes
for the German coal that used to
keep the wheels turning in Swed-
en- and is no longer available now.
Britain Buys More Ore
From all indications. these eff
forts have met with considerable
success. Great Britain is expect
ed to buy some 100000 tons of
Swedish iron ore this year, a good
deal more than the prewar aver
age. Swedish ore is now being
shipped to Britain both from Mar
vik and from Baltic ports. For
the time being, Sweden is not get
ting much coal from Britain in
return, but Poland has promised
to ship 100000 tons of coal and
coke to Sweden during the next
five months, in exchange for iron
ore and machinery.
Reports from Sweden indicate
that Swedish shipments of iron
orc to the United States also will
be resumed in the near future.
Three representatives of the Unit
ed States Steel Corporation are
now in Stockholm for discussions
and are expected to visit Narvik
shortly.
The rehabilitation of Narvik is
proceeding apace, but damage to
the harbor installations turned out
to be greater than had been anti
cipated. Only one of the three
large quays. which accommodated
100 ships a month before the war,
is in full operation. All indica-
tons are that it will be a long
time before prosperity as of yore
returns to the ports and mine
fields of the Scandinavian Arctic.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1945-11-01
W aIIander To Head
New York's Police

Arthur w Wallander. who head
ed New York's Civilian Defense
organization during the war. re-
Gently was appointed city police
commissioner at S12,5OO a year.
He succeeds Lewis J. Valen-
tine, who held the job II years
and retired recently to become
master of ceremonies in a radio
program.
Wallander is SO years old and
has been a member of New York's
police department for 81 years.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1945-11-01
Swedish Universities Have Served
Hundreds Of Students DurinQ War

Altogether 400 refugee stu
dents of various nationalities have
studied at Swedish universities
and medical and technical colleg-
es during the war. At the begin
ming of 1915, the number was
about 700 Assistance has also
been given on a considerable scale
to young university men in the
prisoner of war camps on the Eu-
ropean continent, and to students
in the German-occupied countries
The relief activities carried on
during the war years have been
led by two separate Swedish aca-
demic organizations, the Interna-
tional Student Relief Committee
and the Nordic Student Relief,
which work on somewhat different
lines.
The first mentioned group
which has established close col
liberation with the European
Student Relief Fund in Geneva,
aims principally at giving relief
to students from countries outside
the North, who have sought re-
fuge in Sweden. A fund has been
collected for this purpose, the
greater part of which has been
used for granting scholarships at
Swedish universities. About 100
students have had their studies
and living expenses betrayed in
this way while approximately so
more refugees are studying at
their own expense. The majority
of these $50 students have come
from the Baltic states, but there
are also Poles, Czechs, Austrians,
Yugo-slavs, and Germans, some of
them Jews.
The Committee encourages par
ticularly such studies as will be of
direct help to the reconstruction
of postwar Europe. Regular cours-
es in Swedish were also arranged.
Another branch of the Commit
tees activities has been the dis
tribution of literature and writing
materials in Allied prison camps
in Germany and German-occupied
territory. About 1900 exercise
books were distributed every
month, and large quantities of
paper were donated for the print
ing of various camp periodicals.
These consignments We're of the
utmost Importance for the instruc-
tonal activities conducted in the
camps, which frequently were
threatened with shortage of ma
terial. Finally, the Committee has
also collected funds for procuring
food for students in occupied
countries. This form of relief
reached its widest scope in Bel
GUM.
The work OF the Nord.c Stu
dents Relief - which is the name
for the relief activities undertake
en- by the various Swedish uni
versity corps on behalf of the
other Nordic countries - had al
ready started during the Russo
Finn sh winter war. 1939-194O. So
far, about 200 Finnish students.
among them a number of physi-
cally handicapped, have been
given an opportunity of studying
in Sweden during the war years
with the aid of funds collected
among Swedish students. The
number of Norwegian students at
Swed sh universities as of last
Nav was $50, and $50 Danes. A
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1945-11-01

The best measure of mans
mentality is the Importance of the
things he will argue about.
Scandinavian American. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1945-1958, 1945-11-01

Strange that men call money
dough" Dough sticks to your
fingers.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-19
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

board and was asked. Are you
a diabetic?n When I answered
NO" l got the reply, Well,
what do you want us 10 do?
How come you used up all your
points," the last question being
very foolish.
l was told to 60 and see my
doctor and have him sign a
paper saying l needed the
points. That was like the ditty
Have you got proof Of being
born?"
1t seems like a lot of pushing
around is going on. besides red
tape and giving Doc a couple Of
dollars Of he would do such a
thlngD
MRS. JANET SIWANOWICZ,
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-19

THE new Congress opened by
l. putting TEETH in our Ameri-
canism and administering a sound
rebuke to the most insidious of our
enemies-the enemy within!
1t passed by bipartisan vote of
207 to 1876 a measure to continue
PERMANENTLY the Committee to
Investigate Un-American Activities.
This is what the Hearst papers
have been demanding for some time
that the "Dies Committee" be
made permanent committee of
Congress.
The Hearst papers have been one
with the American Legion in the
advocacy of this project, and Rep.
Rankin of Mississippi, who intro
duced the resolution, had inserted in
the record a message of endorsement
from the Legion.
WHAT is just as heartening is
w that 70 Democrats voted to con-
tinue this permanent inquiry into the
sabotage of our institutions by un-
American and anti-American groups
and individuals, thousands of whom
are now working for the govern
ment.
The bipartisan vote indicates that
the new Congress will not be just
New Deal rubber-stamp.
That in itself is vigorous Ameri-
can gesture, for continuous una
nimity on all domestic issues is step
toward that totalitarianism for the
destruction of which our men are
fighting and dying.
The Committee for Investigating
Un-American Activities thus goes
into its seventh year.
Next to the FBI itself, this COM
mittee has in the past been the most
valua bic agency we have had
thanks mainly to Martin Dies and
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-19
lar VIGOROUSLY Make the Peace PERMANENTLY Bring Our Boys Home PROMPTLY
Rebuke to the Enemy
BY BENJAMIN DE CASSERES

Robert Stripling-in trailing" those
men and organizations whose secret
purpose has been to overthrow our
form of government and establish
here a government modelled on Rus
sian communism, Mussolini's fascism
or Hitlerian nazism (under innocent
sounding names, of course).
If we believe in liberty, in our
America and in all it has stood for,
we must in the present worldwide
threat to all forms of individualistic
democracy from now on give more
than lip service to our ideals.
MERE rhetorical reaffirmations
1V1 about the u. S. A. and democ-
racy in the manner of Secretary of
State Stettinius or unctuous political
platforms will no longer do.
We must GO TO WAR on the
domestic front for our American
way as we have gone to war to de-
fend those ways in foreign lands.
That war must be waged by in
vestigating committees and LAWS
that aim ultimately at the punish
ment of those who work for foreign
ideologies in our land.
Liberty is preserved not only by
eternal vigilance but by the same
way in which it is lost-by rigorous,
affirmative, dynamic propaganda.
No longer can we merely shout
"Long Live America p and then walk
away.
We must walk tolcnrd the enemies
in our midst-and roll up our sleeves.
Congratulations to the Seventy
Ninth Congress, to Rep. Rankin, to
the American Legion and to the 70
Democrats who broke with the New
Deal on the issue!
No one who has clear American
conscience should fear to be "investi-
gated by this new "Dies Committee" :"
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-19
Postwar Highways

veloping haphazardly and in hit-and-
miss fashion.
Stretches of magnificent high
ways were built in many parts of the
country, but inevitably linked up
with other stretches as far behind
the needs of modern transportation
and communication as the tin-izZy is
behind modern vehicular transport.
AS A RESULT of this situation,
"A our national highway system as
a whole was a series of BOTTLE
NECKS.
In the future, it should be de-
pendable and complete system of
arterial and linking highways.
There should be great trans
continental highways, functioning as
high speed EXPRESS trunk lines.
There should be supplementary
feeder" lines linking farms to
markets, and markets to production
centers. x a..
There should be complete eliml
nation of railroad grade crossings.
There should be an orderly and
scientific arrangement of intersec-
tions.
With the war out of the way the
national highway program should be
ready for instant launching
It will be one of our biggest
sources of employment after the war.
It will be one of our biggest fields
of industrial and commercial activity.
Ii Witi be one of our richest
sources of postwar Wealth, lOith in
dustrial, agricultural and the Whole
range of n,onogement-ldbor enter
prise benefting immeasurably and
alike.
America has no better safeguard
against postwar depression than a
national highway program conceived
and executed with full awareness of
future opportunities, and it is en-.
couraging to see such evidence OF
awareness among the various federal
agencies having responsibility for 1t.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-19

THE apportionment of five hundred
Il million dollars by the Federal
Works Administration to the post
war highway construction program
puts sound foundation under the
future progress and prosperity of the
nation.
This is one third of the total au-
thorizations by Congress for public
roads after the war.
While the full development of the
program itself must of course await
the end of the war, it is essential that
comprehensive plans and surveys for
the huge undertaking Congress en-
visions should begin at once-and
that is the immediate and commend
able purpose of the apportionment.
AS President Roosevelt said in
his recent message on "the state of
the union" the period of Americas
reconUersion to peaceful production
is going to require that We "oUerhoul
our entire national highway system"
THIS is IN part because our con-
Il centration on war production for
so many years has prevented normal
expansion and even adequate main
tenance of existing highways.
It is in further part because auto
motive production after the war, so
long held at a standstill by complete
conversion to war needs, will attain
peak capacities never reached before
in modern industrial history.
But it is in MOST part because
the American nation, even though it
had the best highway system in the
world before the war; NEVER had
national system of highways COM
mensurate with its needs.
We are going to have a great
OPPORTUNITY to plan our high
way networks scientifically, and we
are going to be under an irresistible
COMPULSION to do so.
Heretofore, American highways
have had a topsy like growth, de
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-19
WHAT DO YOU KNOW?

years old. (c) 90 years old?
= RupertS land is the former
name for (a) Southern Az
rica. (b) Northern Australia,
Co NortherI Canada?
3-One Of these statements is
TRUE: CaD The turkey is
native 10 Europe. tbl the
ugly duckling is a young
swan; tcD Green tea is
slowly dried
I Sultana is a name for Ca)
dried grapes. thl large
eourds tC) tWo-Wheeled car
riageS
5-One flag alone in the world
is called The trlcolor. II is
The flag Of ta) Great Britain,
tb) France. tc) Italy?
Sill each blank with the
name of n FLOWER. ca
......... of Scotland, (b) "A
Few Figs from ........."
fcl "Abie's Irish ........."
I'D Riders Of the Purple
........, te) ........ of
Trslee.
ANSWERS on Opposite Page)