davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02
Fifth Avenue Church
Circles To Convene

The circles Of Fifth Avenue
Methodist church will meet this
week as follows:
/. Mrs. W. H. Schaefer, chair
man. with Mrs. R. T. PreSson,
2o11 Woolcott avenue, Monday aft
ernoon at $3.50 o'clock.
2. Mrs. L. L. Motto, chairman
with Mrs. w. R. Dosher, II North
9th street, Tuesday afternoon at 4
O'Clock.
3. No meeting.
4. Mrs. E. P. Goodwin, chairman,
with the chairman, Castle Haynes
road, Wednesday afternoon at $3.50
o'clock.
S. Mrs. C. D. Barclift, chairman,
with Mrs. L. O. Goodyear, 2117
Nets avenue, Wednesday evening
at o'clock.
6. Mrs. J. L. Gholson, chairman,
with Mrs. Gholson, 1871 Carolina
avenue, Wednesday evening at 8
o'clock.
Z. Mrs. N. c. Magnuson, chair
man, with Mrs. H. B. Smith, 16
West Drive, Lake Forest, Wednes-
day evening at 8 o'clock.
BIRTH ANNOUNCED
Mr.. and Mrs. Furman Galloway
OF Leland, announce the birth of
a son, Phillip Knox, August Is, at
Marion Sprunt annex in Whining
ton.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02
Helen Frances Holmes,
Oscar Linn Engaged

Mr.. and Mrs. O. O. Whitlock Of
this city, announce the engage
ment of Miss Helen Frances
Holmes, to Oscar Davis Linn. son
of Mrs. D. M. Linn of Little Rock,
Ark.
The wedding will take place on
October !.
Evening star., 1945-12-13

the recovery of neighboring coun-
tries victimized by their war ma
chine. so that Germany will be the
last to get back on its feet.
As time goes on, events may prove
certain phases of American and Al
lied policy to be unwise or uniusti-
fed, but there is good reason to
keep in mind that the situation does
not lend itself to any easy solution
and that the outlook for Germany
is as bleak as it is chiefly for the
reason set forth by Mr.. Byrnes: The
inSistence of the Nazis on fighting
on to the bitter end and thus bring
ing to their own country the sort of
ruin they had once brought to other
countries. Having followed Hitler,
the German people must now pay a
penalty which would be heavy and
inescapable even without occupation
and reparations.
Evening star., 1945-12-13
Curb on Employers

Employer rights under the Wagner
Act have been restricted further by
Supreme Court decision holding q
department store guilty OF unfair
labor practices for proposing to ex-
tend the benefits of a blanket wage
increase to % of its 4.500 employees
who are members of a CIO union
with which the company had refused
to deal.
The court sided with the National
Labor Relations Board in ruling that
the company. which ignored the
union in asking the War Labor
Board to approve a store-wide in
crease and advising its force of this
action, had interfered with the
right of self-organization by empha-
sizing to the employees that there is
no necessity for a collective bargain
ing agent"
The case was the first of any con-
sequence disposed Of at the present
term, and it found the court divided,
five to three. Justice Burton, the new
Republican member. joined with
Justice Reed, who wrote the opinion,
and Justices Black. Douglas and
Murphy. to make up the majority.
Justice Rutledge, Chief Justice Stone
and Justice Frankfurter dissented.
Justice Rutledge, who usually can
be found on the other side in labor
cases, declared that the effect of the
courts ruling was to condition the
company's right to ask WLB ap-
proval of the increase on union per-
mission.
II do not think the Wagner Act
confers such power on the union"
he said
Whatever else the decision NAV
accomplish, it emphasizes the courts
tendency to give the widest possible
latitude to the Wagner Act, with a
consequent diminution of the rights
of management.
Evening star., 1945-12-13
This Changing World
By Constantine Broyn

A plan for solution of the vexing
Palestine problem by resettlement of
the Arabs there in neighboring Iraq
has been drawn up by former President
Herbert Hoover and is understood to
be before the White House for study.
Also the project it Is said, has aroused
the active interest of Rabbi Abba H.
Silver, president of the Zionist Organ
ization of America and co-chairman,
with DR.. Stephen S. Wise, of the Amer
ican Zionist Emergency Council, the
political arm of the back to Pales-
tine" movement.
Mr.. Hoover, an engineer by profess
sion, bases his plan on the fact that
in ancient times, through an elaborate
Euphrates Valleys probably supported
10,000,0 900 persons in the Kingdoms OF
Babylon and Ninevah, approximately
the area of modern Iraq. Over the
centuries, however, the irrigation sys-
tenn was either destroyed by Mongol
invaders or was allowed to deteriorate.
The present population of Iraq is only
about 100000
About three decades ago, Mr.. Hoover
recalls In his memorandum, a we'll
known British engineer, William Will
cocks, made a study of the ancient
Babylonian irrigation system. He ar
rived at the conclusion that if it were
restored by modern methods, approxi-
mately 100000 acres of potentially the
richest agricultural land in the world
could be recovered at cost OF around
$3.50, 900 900.
The Iraq government was interested
in the project, but because OF lack of
money and the intrusion of the war,
never carried it far. Some years ago.
the memorandum points out, it was
proposed that the area be developed
for the settlement Of Jewish refugees,
but the proposal did not satisfy Jewish
desires for historical homeland
Mr.. Hoover's own suggestion is that
the Tigris-Euphrates irrigation system
should be revived with international
financial aid to Iraq and that this great
land development then be used for the
resettlement Of the Arabs from Pales-
tine. The latter country, he points out,
could then be opened to a large-scaIe
Jewish emigration and colonization.
Evening star., 1945-12-13
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

Does organized labor dominate Con-
gress-as it has the White House dur
ing the last decade and more?
An opportunity to find the answer is
coming up-indeed, it is at hand
Members OF Congress in the past,
when legislation seeking to place some
measure Of responsibility upon labor
unions was proposed-and much needed
have taken refuge in the claim they
could not be effective since the Chief
Executive opposed such legislation and
probably would veto 1t II passed.
Now the picture is changed. President
Truman has stepped out and urged
fact finding, cooling-off legislation, to
bring about peaceable adjustment OF in
dustrial disputes. Presumably he would
approve any reasonable legislation deal
ing with labor which Congress put
through.
Nine days after the President urged
the need Of passing this legislation
before the Christmas holiday, the Sem
ate Committee on Labor opened hear
ings on the bill. The House Labor Com
mittee called witnesses before it a
couple of days earlier. Although the
legislation is regarded as an emergency
measure, due to the many and increas-
ing strikes in the country, the con-
gressional labor committees, which have
many members completely dominated
by labor, are not going to be hurried
In fact. the opinion has sprung up
in informed circles that there will be
no legislation certainly until after the
new session of Congress begins in
January-and that it may drag along
for months. Much will depend, how
ever, on how the public reacts to the
increasing number of work stoppages
when production and more production
is the great need in this period of re-
conversion. If the reaction of the public
is severe enough. something may yet
be done on Capitol Hill
The first brush with the cohorts of
organized labor occurred in the House
Tuesday. BY vote of 200 to 1872 that
body turned down a special rule for
the consideration of the May-Arends
bill, repeating the Smith Connally War
Labor Disputes Act and seeking to make
binding on both parties contracts en-
tered into through collective bargain
ing, and to ban political campaign ex-
penditures by labor unions
Although it had been expected that
"an aroused House" would vote for
such measure. the vote was "scuttle-
and-run" proposition. When it became
Evening star., 1945-12-13
Building Orgy Soon,
By David Laurence
ON the Mcpherson CKansas) Republican.

from the McPherSon tRansas) Republican.
Mcpherson is on the verge OF home
building orgy. Literally hundreds OF
families, delayed by war restrictions,
are eager to get started on their new
homes. From so to 100 homes year
were being built here before the war,
and the delayed construction of the past
four years has piled up huge demand.
Better housing is one of our greatest
assets. Always noted as "city Of
homes" many families have come here
during the war largely because they like
to live here.
Let's don't lose this asset by careless
planning of the new homes we'll soon
be building. Let's back our planning
commission in more thorough zoning
and in further elimination of crowded
construction.
Mcpherson can acquire lot of junly
houses jammed on too-smau lots in this
building boom, or it can acquire an even
greater reputation of having the finest
homes in the State.
Let's think little before We build too
quickly and regret it forever.
Evening star., 1945-12-13

clear that Chairman May Of the Mill
tary Affairs Committee which reported
out the pending bill would not call up
the bill, even if the special rule for it's
consideration were given, members took
to the tall timbers. Why, they asked,
should they vote to bring up a bill, if
1t was not to be taken up?
In vain it was explained that the pur-
pose was to hold the May bill over the
head of the House Labor Committee,
club to force that committee to report
out favorably President Truman's bill
in some form. Republicans as well as
Democrats from the big population GEN.
ters Wed with each other to get on the
labor bandwagon.
In some measure an offset to this pre-
liminary victory by organized labor was
the big vote given the Hobbs anti
racketeering bill to bring members of
labor unions under the operation of the
Federal antiracketeering laws. This bill
is strongly opposed by labor-although
none of them condones the acts Of vio-
lence perpetrated by holders of team
sters' union cards on farmers and others
seeking to drive trucks containing COM
modities into New York, for example.
1t is intended to remedy situation
created by a decision of the Supreme
Court several years ago, holding that
these racketeers could not be punished
because their demands for pay-even If
enforced by clubs-were not covered by
the existing law Overwhelming support
for the Hobbs bill developed in the
House. However, that body has twice
before passed similar legislation. only
to have it die either in the Senate Labor
or the, Senate Judiciary Committees.
81 \
The House Labor Committee was en-
couraged to take their time over the
Truman-proposed legislation by Presi-
dent Eric Johnston of the United States
Chamber of Commerce, who said it was
necessary to write the measure care
fully. Ira Mosher, president of the
National Association of Manufacturers,
told the committee the bill should be
amended to include mutual RESPONSE
bility for living up to contracts entered
into through collective bargaining.
This suggestion of delay, coming from
the management side, certainly has not
helped to speed up legislation. With
Philip Murray of CIO, William Green
OF the AFL, and John L. Lewis of the
United Mine Workers-labor's Big
Three-all screaming against any legis-
lation, it looks as though Congressional
committees will need good public
prodding If they are to act.
Evening star., 1945-12-13
These Are His Hills

He ,pas born In these restless hills.
NotD old he sits remembering -.
Remembering sflper birch candles
Lighting autumn tDood.
He dreams OF long slim shadotos tcdik.
ing slotoly,
A,Day from the setting sun,
And holds a tDood thrush's song
In the cache OF deatened ear.
He remembers the shriH screechfnH
OF q pompous blue Joy, through frost
drenched air,
Perched upon q flaming alder boa0h,
And golden laughter
OF q playful Woodland strsam
Blouing bubbles IN chldish oles.
NoU old, he Is tuGiting silently,
For Hfc's last echo to enter
The vnult OF the tDestern ridge.
MARIAN BERRY SIMPSON.
Evening star., 1945-12-13
Cuse Dismissed

On the basis of the publicly
disclosed evidence which has been
submitted to it, the Senate Foreign
Relations Committee acted properly
in dropping the investigation of the
State Department based on accusa-
tions made by Major General Patrick
]. Hurley, former Ambassador to
China.
There were certain documents in
volved in the case which were
examined by the committee, and
which were not made public. Gen.
eral Hurley rested much Of his case
on these documents, but since no
member of the committee, Repub-
hcan or Democrat, has found any
thing specific" in them to support
the charges, the reasonable infer
ence is that these documents do not
help the complaint. There also have
been references to other documents
the alleged "intercepts" of disloyal
conversations between State Depart
ment subordinates and the Chinese
Communists If these actually
exist, they have not been produced.
About all that can be distilled
from this record is that there was
a disagreement between General
Hurley and various career diplo-
mats" but there is nothing in it to
justify the extreme charges brought
by the former Ambassador, nor
adequately to explain the curious
circumstances of his resignation.
Hence, one must conclude that Gen.
eral Hurley, although given ample
opportunity to do SO, has not sub
stantiated his case against the State
Department., and that the Senate
committee acted properly in drop
ping the matter.
Subsequent to this action General
Hurley is said to have expressed the
hope that he will be able to docu-
ment his charges and carry them
to the public. It is possible that he
can do so, but If the documentary
proof exists it should have been
submitted to the Senate committee,
where both sides of the story could
have been aired.
Evening star., 1945-12-13

In support of the project, his memo
randum says:
There is room for many more Arabs
in such development in Iraq than the
total of Arabs in Palestine. The soil is
more fertile. They would be among their
own race, which Is Arab-speaking and
Mohammedan. The Arab population Of
Palestine would be the gamers from bet
ter lands in exchange for their present
holdings. Iraq would be the gamer, for
1t badly needs an agricultural popula-
ton.
To-day millions of people are being
moved from one land to another. If
the lands were organized and homes
provided, this particular movement
could be made the model migration of
history. 1t would be solution by en-
gtneering instead of by conflict.
Il realize that the plan offers chal-
lenge both to the craftsmanship of the
great powers as well as to the good will
OF all parties concerned. However, I
submit it, and it does offer a method OF
settlement with both honor and wis
DOM"
The basic suggestion for settling the
Arab population of Palestine in Iraq
Mr.. Hoover recalls, was made by the
British Labor party In December, 1914,
but no adequate plan was offered to i'm
plement it. Mr.. Hoover believes that
the revival of the ancient irrigation sys-
tenn in Iraq provides the logical answer
to assuring the transferred Arabs Of q
comfortable living
Although Palestine is rich agricul-
tural country, 1t already has a high
density of population, about 152 persons
to the square mile. During the two
decades from 1922 to 1912, the popula-
ton increased by about $4,000. OF
these 100000 were Jews, and of that
number 80 per cent represented immi-
grants.
Many Jewish groups here and in Great
Britain are insisting that their Core
ligionists who were uprooted from their
homes by the Hitlerite terror be settled
in Palestine. This, plus the rapid in
crease in population, has caused great
tension between the Jews and Arabs in
Palestine. A 12-man Anglo-American
committee has been set up to study the
problem. They may find food for thought
in the Hoover memorandum.
Evening star., 1945-12-13
Siom as Factor

In the complex tangle of post
war reconstruction in Southeastern
Asia, no factor is more anomalous
than Siam or Thailand. This rela-
lively small and remote country was
distinguished chiefly by the fact that
it had retained its independence
throughout. the long period of
European imperialistic expansion
which reduced all the other native
states of Southeastern Asia to Euro
pean colonies or protectorates. To
be sure, Siam owed its continued in
dependence largely to the fact that
1t lay between the areas of British
and French colonial expansion. its
buffer" status being confirmed as
part of the general Stabilization OF
British and French colonial ambi-
tions which took place at the begin
ming of the present century. But the
Siamese took advantage of their op-
portunities by modernizing their
country along Western lines, and it
Is interesting to note that this
process was aided considerably by
American advisers and technical ex-
perts invited into the country as
disinterested helpers.
During the decade previous to
World War II. Japanese imperialism
had its eyes on Siam as on every
other part of the Far East. Economic
and political penetration was sedu-
lously fostered by the Tokyo war
lords. and golden opportunity
arose with the collapse of France in
1910. Tokyo encouraged Siam to re-
assert its claims to border provinces
ceded under pressure at the begin
ming of the century and added to
Frances colonial empire in Indo-
China. and under a pretense of dis
interested arbitrage, Japan handed
over the disputed territories to Siam
after the latter had occupied them
by force.
Convinced of Japan's omnipotence
in the Far East, the dominant ele-
ments in Siam threw in their lot
with the Empire of the Rising Sun,
declared war on the Western Allies
after Pearl Harbor. and greatly ia
cilitated the japanese conquests of
Malaga, Burma and the Dutch In
dies. This declaration was accepted
by Britain <and the Netherlands, to
whom Siam consequently became a
formal enemy. However. most Sia-
mese abroad and important ele-
ments within the country opposed
this action of their government and
formed a Free Thailand" movement
which was recognized by the United
States. which never declared war on
Siam and welcomed the reputation
= of the Japanese alliance by the Sia-
mese monarch last August when
Japan capitulated and its empire Of
conquest went to pieces.
Under inter-Allied arrangements,
Siam formed part of the British
sphere of occupation and has fallen
under British control. Negotiations
are now proceeding between the Sia-
mese provisional government and
Britain for the country's postwar
status. Although not formally q
Evening star., 1945-12-13

party to these negotiations, our State
Department is understood to favor
the re-establishment of Siam as COM
pletely sovereign in both the politi-
cal and economic sense, whereas the
British are repeatedly seeking the
imposition of certain conditions
which would give them a measure of
control. 1t is to beahoped that these
differences between the British and
American viewpoints can be con-
structively ironed out.
Evening star., 1945-12-13
Barrage of Dead Cats
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

The unfortunate State Department is
certainly taking an awful beating these
days.
In any gathering around town, all you
have to do to get good hearty laugh.
tapering of into background chorus
Of assorted sneers and chuckles, Is just
to say state Department"
Take the one subject that seems to be
uppermost in most minds just now-the
international control of atomic weapons.
First the State Department is ac-
cused of not having a policy at all.
Then it is accused of letting the Army
run its policy.
Then it is accused of letting the Brit
ish run it.
Then it is accused of excluding" the
Russians, of challenging" Russia and
starting an atomic ornaments race"
Then it is accused on the one hand
of ignoring the United Nations Organ
ization, and on the other hand of over
burdening the poor child with tasks be-
yond its infant strength.
Now, as the three-way conference in
Moscow turns up, it is accused of "ex-
cluding" France and China, while those
who were complaining about Russia be-
Ing cACluOcU speak u d Change Ol
heart" return to sanity" as though
their persuasions and abuse had at last
brought the State Department to per-
ceive the error of its ways.
So, once again. let us keep the record
straight.
There is a perfectly clear and per-
fectly understandable American policy
on the international control of atomic
weapons.
That policy and the steps to be taken
for its implementation has already been
set forth very plainly, both by the Pres
ident and by the Secretary of State. The
essentials. of the policy itself are best
summarized In the three-power declara-
tion of the American, British and Cana
dian governments of November Is, 1945.
The steps to be taken to implement
the policy were long ago stated by Pres
ident Truman. These steps are:
"a The introduction of legislation
looking to the domestic control Of atomic
energy. Obviously this Is necessary to
enable this Government to have power
to carry out whatever international
agreements 1t may enter into.
ca Consultation with the British and
Canadian governments who were our
Evening star., 1945-12-13

partners" in the development of the
atomic bomb, and with whom we had
agreed to consult before taking any
further steps in the direction of inter-
national control. This was not, as I
pointed out in a previous article, an
exclusion" of Russia. 1t was a neces-
sary part of an agreed procedure
(0 Consultation, after determination
of common approach to the subject
by the A-B-C powers, with all the other
United Nations, through the medium of
the United Nations Organization, with
a view to establishing international
controls over atomic weapons "in order
to attain the most effective means of
entirely eliminating the use of atomic
energy for destructive purposes and per-
mitting its widest use for industrial and
humanitarian purposes"
* X
It should be perfectly clear that, as a
preliminary to the accomplishment of
step 90, there should be some prior
consultations with Russia. To have pub
licly asked the Russians to present their
views at the A-B-C meeting would have
been putting them on the spot.
The State Department could not have
AioPCA AOl FCly MQCll 1IOIu GHc UNI III
the way of atomic energy control unless
the Russians had previously been con-
suited. For one thing, agreement as to
whether the atomic commission is to be
appointed by the General Assembly or
by the Security Council must be reached;
the Russians will probably favor the
latter, and under article 26 of the Char
ter (Which specifies that the Security
Council shall have responsibility for the
regulation of armaments) they have
case for this point Of view
The fact that the Russians have con-
sented to the forthcoming Moscow con-
ference is in itself encouraging. as 1t
suggests that the preliminary diplo-
matte conversations have disclosed a
considerable area agreement. But 1t
should not be expected that the con-
ference itself will produce any startling
results. It is q conference to establish
working principles, to define the area
within which future discussions leading
to final agreement will take place.
The State Department has its faults,
but in this matter 1t has been both con-
sistent and prudent, and deserves our
gratitude rather than the barrage Of
dead cats which has been its portion.
(Copyrishk 1ezB.l