Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-06-29

area. On Northwest Borneo
push toward Jesselton.
needed, 1t obviously must be found
where 1t exists.
you may say this will not work.
I answer that ! do not know; but
think 1t will at least 50 long as this
Charter holds the major powers in
harmony. I answer that I propose
to try the only chance.
you may say that 1000 years Of
history denies this military theme.
I answer that there was no precedent
for World War No. 2. There Is no
precedent for the peace challenge
we confront. We must make our
own precedents to stop World War
No. g."
Senator Vandenberg pointed out
that the extent to which each ma
ton will be called on to furnish
manpower and military equipment,
if force becomes necessary as a last
resort, is to be determined by col
lateral agreements that will not be
considered until the organization
is effective.
Senate Fears Allayed.
Their detail Is not involved In
the discussion Of this primary
treaty." said the Senator. But this
treaty guarantees that these agree
ments shall be subject to ratifica-
ton by the signatory States in &C.
cordance with their constitutional
processes Hence, the Senate need
have no fear that this separate obli-
cation will not subsequently be
available to its full scrutiny and
consent"
There are those. the Senator said,
who look on the ultimate use OF
force as the real value" OF the
Charter, on the theory that Is the
only language an aggressor under
stands.
They may be right" he con-
tinued. Certainly I do not dis
agree that the United Nations must
possess the potential power to fight
to keep the peace which they have
won by kindred means. - But
would not agree that force is the
real genius of this new institution
On the contrary, it is my conviction
that the great hope which Is here
held out to humankind stems largely
from the solemn formula which the
San Francisco Charter creates for
the pacific settlement Of disputes be-
fore they ever reach a fighting
stage. 1t is my profound belief that
the pacific contacts and consulta-
tons which will constantly be main.
tanned by the power-and particu.
larry by the great powers-plus the
pacific routines which every dispute
must exhaust before 1t is subject to
any sort Of sanctions, can resolve
most, if not all. Of the controversies
which otherwise might lead once
more to war"
Boundary Question Noted.
The Michigan Senator took note
Of the argument that the United
States should await the final terms
Of peace in this war. which involve
boundaries, before ratifying the
charter for world cooperation, and
said he had great sympathy for that
viewpoint.
He emphasized, however, that ar
gument was more persuasive In the
case Of the original Dumbarton Oaks
plan than now because the proposal
failed to envision any subsequent
possibility of peaceful change to
overtake error or injustice, in the
vast and ramifying decisions and set
Elements affecting our Allies and
Our friends. which may creep into
the liquidation of this war"
But I submit that the San Fran
cisco Charter greatly alters this
conception" he continued. II speak
with great feeling on this phase OF
the subject because 1t is one to
which, II I may be allowed to say
so, I devoted my persistent efforts
Frankly, I am one Of those who
looks with anxiety upon many OF
these settlements and decisions
past, present and prospective. But
my anxiety will be less acute II
know that the United Nations, meet
ing periodically In Z free and un-
trammelled general assembly, can
recommend measures for the peace
full adjustment Of any situation, re-
gardless OF origin which 1t deems
likely to impair the general well
fare"
Argument Answered.
Answering the argument of those
who contend that some Of the
signatories to. this Charter practice
the opposite Of what they preach
even rs they sign" Senator Vanden-
berg asserted that the nearest right
such persons are, the greater is the
need for invoking the "emancipa.
tions which the San Francisco
Charter contemplate"
4 Senator Vandenberg closed his adj
dress by recalling the recent words
Of Gen. Eisenhower that the soldier
In war knows the threat OF separate
humiliation tends to hold allies to.
gether, and hopes the world car
ind peace = nobler incentive to
produce the same unity. He said
that is the aim Of the San Francisco
Charter.
Earlier, Senator Overton, Demo.
crat, OF Louisiana, presented 4
resolution to speod American -.