davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-03-09
High|ights from the Latest Books

Born Free and Equal" with
text and pictures by the we'll
known West Coast Photographer,
Ansel Adams ~. S. Camera:
paper, S1.50; cloth, So, is the
story of the loyal Japanese Am
orleans, people who have been
uprooted by war and forced to
adjust to life in the War Relo-
cation Center at Manzanar, In
20 county, Calf. 1t makes no
attempt to state their problem
from either racial or socio-
logical point of view, nor is it
plea for sympathy; it is not a
study of minority group, but
rather of individuals and the
manner in which they, of neces-
sity, have adapted themselves to
a new environment. AS such, it
is very human story indeed.
Ansel Adams has for num-
Der of years operated photo
graphic studio in California;
Yosemite Park and is famed for
his photographs of the Sierra
Nevada. Adams unusually ex-
cellent pictures tell an admir-
able story of human adjustment
and impart something of the
"acrid splendor of the desert,
ringed with towering mount
aims which he believes has
strengthened the spirit of Man.
zanar. His photographs show
how, "out of the jostling. dusty
confusion of the first bleak days
in raw barracks" the people
have built a flourishing demo-
cratically functioning commun-
ity.
This important book has a
foreward by Harold l.. Ickes and
has been authorized by the War
Relocation Authority.
DVOh NEWS
Gilbert Cant, author of two
books covering the naval his
tory of the war from its begin
ming TO Guadalcanal. has started
work on a third volume TO take
the history from the end Of the
Guadalcanal campaign to Mac
Arthur's return to the Philip
pines February 81, 1943, 10
October 25, 1944). The book Will
be called The Great Pacific
Offensive. and will be publish
ed by The John Day Company
in the late spring. His prev
ious books are The War at
Sea" and Americas Navy in
World War H." The latter has
recently been extensively revis-
cd TO include hitherto secret
data on ships, personnel, and
weapons recently released by
Navy censorship.
Howard Fast, author of Free
dom Road and "Citizen Tom
Paine" makes a new appear
ance in Forum Books (100) on
January S. with his novel. The
Unvanquished." an historical
novel, the story of George Wash
ington and the campaigns fought
through Long Island, Manhat-
tan, Westchester and New Jer-
scy.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05
SPAIN REJECTS
P0TSDAM REPORT
Asserts Big Three State.
ments Result OF Cam
paign Staged By Reds

LONDON, Sunday, Aug. 5.-B-
Generalisimmo Frances Spanish
government announced at midnight
last night that Spain ''rejects as
arbitrary and unjust" the Big
Three's Potsdam decision to ex-
clude Spain from membership in
the United Nations.
A overn m mt communicate
broadcast by the Madrid radio and
heart by BIC blamed the Potsdam
decision on 'tie false atmosphere
created by the defamatory cam
paign Of Spanish Red Exiles and
Associates abroad and said that,
in view of the Potsdam declaration.
Spain docs not beg admittance
to international conferences.
Like the Spanish press and radio
accounts of the Big Three state
ment, the commrnique did not
mention the reason cited by presi-
dent Truman, Premier Stain and
Prime Minister Attlee for Spain S
exclusion - that Frances govern
ment was established with Axis
help.
It said that Spain trusts the de-
cision will be reconsidered "once
the passions exacerbated by war
and propaganda are allayed' and
added that Spain ''proclaims once
more her peace-loving spirit.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05
US. Commits Itself To Help
S0lue Worlds Main Problems
BIG BILLS SIGNED
Will Provide Billions For
World Bank And Join
Food Organization

WASHINGTON, Aug. 4.-LR-
Through President Trumans' sig
nature on three big bills, the
United States committed itself
today to help the world solve its
financial, economic and food prob
lens.
The White House announced
that the Chief Executive, cruising
homeWard from Big Three con-
ference at Potsdam, had penned
his name on measures under which
this country will:
Ante up nearly $4,000, 000,0 900 for
world bank and an international
fund designed to promote post
war trade and stabilize exchange
rates, in accordance with an
agreement worked out by A ma
tons at Breton Woods, N. H.,
last summer.
Increase from 100000, 1000 to
So, 500, 100000 the lending capacity
of the Export-Import bank to help
with reconstruction when the
fighting stops.
Join a United Nations food and
agriculture organization, with an
nual dues expected to run to ST.
$4,000, which will try to put the
Continued on Page Two; Col. A.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05
Laval Says He Blocked Murder
Of Two Former French Leaders
ENDS TESTIMONY
Ex-Fugitive Says He Re.
fused Military Alliances
With Germany
BY RELMAN NORM

PARIS, Aug. 4.-{P)-Pierre La
val, picturing himself as an Yin.
willing tool of the Nazis. claimed
at the treason trial of his Vichy
chleftain, Marshal Henri Philippe
Petain, today that he had prevent
ed the Gestapo murder Of two for
mer French premiers.
The h-collaborator, who has
been sentenced to death by Mar
seille court, asserted he saved Leon
Blum and Paul Reynaud from Ma.
Ii firing squads and protested ig
norance of the murder of Georges
Mandel, celebrated martyr Of anti
German resistance.
Though acknowledging in effect
that he was the "most hated man
in France" the swarthy, white
tied ex-fugitive contended he and
Petain saved France from ''asphyx.
iation' and asserted he twice re
fused to enter a military ALLIANCES
with Germany, once at the time
Of the Anglo-American landings il
North Africa.
Digging into the secrets of the
Vichy regime, Laval maintained
that French forces in Africa resist
ed the Allies 'to prevent a Ger
man attack and revealed thai
two American diplomats-one o.
them former ambassador to Vichy
Adm. William D. Leahy-had de
manded an explanation for Laval
notorious Il desire a German vic.
tory speech.
Laval, who wound up his two
days of testimony only few min.
utes before the 18th day of Petain' S
trial ended, declared he saved
Blum and Reynaud from German
{ Continued on Page Ten; Col y
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05
JAP HOSPITAL SHIP
DETAINED BY U. S.
Used Red Cross Insignia
To Move Guns, Men
Through Blockade

MANILA. Sunday, Aug. 5.-P-
A Japanese Hospital ship which
used its free conduct under Rec
Cross Insignia to move contrabanc
war supplies through the Allied
blockade of the East Indies is be.
ing take into port by U. S
Seventh Fleet Patrol vessel.e
General MacArthur's headquar
tiers yesterday announced inter
ceptpon of the Hospital ship, which
also carried apparently faxed sol,
der patients.
The U. S. Sixth Army reported an
additional 1872 Japanese had beer
killed in the last three days or
Luzon, the principal Philippine Is
land.
London received a report thai
1t. Gen. Tomoyuki Yamashita,
Japanese supreme commander
during the Philippines campaign
had been killed on Luzon in a
bombing attack.
Macarthur report of the board
ing of the Hospital ship, in the
Banda Sea North of Timor and
roughly 400 miles North of Aust
ralia, said approximately 1,5OC
Japanese aboard Ere listed as patti
ents. When the boarding party re
moved bandages from some of the
patients, no wounds were found.
Machine guns, IS millimetel
shells and other ammunition were
found packed in cases marked
"medical supplies,'' headquarter:
said.
In the announcement, neither thu
course of the vessel nor the por
to which it is being taken as dis
closed. The Japanese still occupy
most of the islands between New
Guinea and Borneo, although the
Allied blockade has cut off all pos
sible escape, except for possible
small scattered groups. The Hos
pital ships crew was listed as l;
officers and 63 men.
The report of japanese killed or
Luzon, plus 142 captured, brought
to 438,852 the new total of Nip
ponese casualties and prisoners If
this Philippines campaign, TO;
which Yamashita was imported az
supreme commander shortly aftel
MacArthur's force struck Leyte.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05
REVIEW OF ARMY
NEEDS DEMANDED
Johnson Asks Stimson To
Be Frank On Manpower
Requirements

WASHINGTON, Aug. 4.-UD-
Sen. Edwin C. Johnson, D., Colo,
warning that no "mumble-jumble
answer would do, asked Secretary
of War Henry L. Stimson tonight
to review the Army's manpower
requirements and to be brutal
ly frank with Congress and the
country.
In letter to the secretary, John
son termed most disheartenlng''
Stimson's news conference insis-
tence this week that an army Of
100000 was needed.
Your decision means millions
of bitter, disconnected men milling
around the United States in uni
form during the next 10 months, ;"
Johnson wrote.
1T means transportation crisis.
1t means serious manpoWer
shortage in vital industries. 1t
means that reconversion is stymie
1t means. mass rehabilitation
at the very moment when unen-
ployment in the United States is at
its peak"
Johnson. who denounced the
Army's discharge system in a Sc
nate speech this week, told Slim
son that under your revolving
plan, fully so per cent of the men.
now in the South Pacific are over
due for replacement
mo mumble-jumble' answer will
DO this time, he said, please
be brutally frank with Congress and
the country
J'hnson also protested that "no
appreciable reduction had been
made in Army forces since Ger
manys defeat. He cited treasury
reports that the War apartment
spent $l25, 1877, 500 more last month
man it did in July, 1914.
He said the situation lis indeed
desperate and that uniformed
men and the country "are bank
ing on you to do the right thing"
he urged that the Army "be re-
ouced to its maximum require
mentS, and that these maximum
requirements be scaled down to a
sensible figure and that they be
BASED on, logistics and not on the
military fortunes of high officers
VINO DO not relish the idea of being
busted'.' r.. :
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05

Kenney's 5th and 18th Air
Forces. The announcement dis
closed that the U. S. 18th Air
Force, which has been support
ing ground operations on Bor-
neo and harassing the Japanese
in the Southwest Pacific is
lands, also is moving its head
quarters to the Ryukyus.
The statement left unclear
the status of Fleet and Marine
Air Forces based on Okinawa.
At last reports there we're at
least six Marine divisions in
the Ryukyus and the Marianas,
all highly trained veteran
beachhead fighters forming a
sufficiently powerful force to
be classed as an army.
Poised in the Philippines,
where Luzon is the main stag
ing base, are two other pow
erful armies whose veterans
have fought and defeated the
Japanese from the Solomon Is
lands to the Philippines.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05
MISSING YOUTH
FOUND AT BEACH
Two-And-Half Years Old
Boy Wanders From Lake
Forest To Resort

The lure of the open road" ap-
parently struck Johnnie Austin,
two-and-a-half years old son Of
Mrs. J. D. Austin, of 4 x Lake
Forest, yesterday, when he wan
dered away from the community
building at Lake Forest and end
ed his peregrinations in charge OF
the Wrightsville Beach police.
The child had accompanied a
neighbor, Mrs. Williams, of 10
X Lake Forest to the center, De-
tective E. B. Murray said, and be-
came separated from her there.
Officer E. c. Phillips, of the
Wrigktsville Beach force, said that
the boy apparently had followed a
party of women boarding the Lake
Forest bus and ridden to town,
then, still following, boarded the
Wrightsville Beach bus and got oil
at Lumina with his adopted
friends.
Johnnie then decided TO cool of.
and, taking advantage of being
CARRIED in a sun suit, took a sur:
bath for an hour.
Meanwhile the Lake Forest com
munity was staging a boy hum
over a large area and Johnnie s
disappearance was reported to po
lice.
After a while, young Mr.. Aus
tins friends began to wonder
where his parents we're and final
ly reported the matter to Officer
Phillips. Phillips attempted to IL
terview the young adventurer but
got nowhere, due to Johnnie's in
ability to talk plainly, until he
checked with Wilmington officers
and discovered the child's name.
Upon being called Johnnie Aus
TIM, he ran to Phillips and threw
his arms around his neck.
johnnie was returned home by
the New Hanover County police,
slightly weary but none the worse
for wear.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05
new DIPLOMATIC
PROBLEMS SEEN
May Be Discussed By Tru-
man In Radio Report On
Potsdam Meeting

WASHINGTON. Aug. 4. -tR-
New problems of Anglo-Americar
relations with Russia are expected
by diplomatic authorities here tc
arise from the Big Three decisions
at Potsdam.
This is point on which officials
are looking to President Truman S
radio report on the Big Three meet.
ing for guidance and enlightenment.
The President, homeward bound
on the cruiser Augusta, is already
working on the address which he
will broadcast soon after arriving
here early in the week.
On the basis of information made
available to date, the situation sci
up at Potsdam is regarded gen
orally as follows:
The Big Three decisions empha
size sharp divis on between East
ern and Western Europe. They tenc
to confirm, with British and Amer
lean recognition, Soviet domination
of all the eastern European coun
tries ranging from Finland in the
north to Bulgaria in the south
Greece evidently remains in Bri
tain's sphere of influence. The pro
blem of Turkey and Russian &C
cess to the seas through the ar.
danelles is not touched upon.
This may come to be looked
upon, as some experts here are
already suggesting, as a reverb
of the emphasis at Yalta only 81,
months ago. President Roosevelt
Prime Minister Churchill and Pre-
mier Stain agree in the Crime;
meeting that the political affair!
of eastern as well as Western
Europe we're a concern of all tn,
great powers.
The division of Europe made a
Potsdam follows a line running
north and south from the city O
Stettin, which is now given tc
Poland, to the city of Trieste. tia
liam metropolis which Yugoslavis
is claiming from Italy.
East of this line are governments
which have come to power, ex
cept for Greece, with the active
assistance of Russia. President
Truman went to Berlin determined
Continued on Page Ten; Col s.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05
Florida East Coast Case
Hearing Delayed By ice

The Interstate Commerce Com
mission order issued recently fix
ing August d as the date for ex-
tended hearings in-the florida East
Coast railroad reorganization case
has been revoked and announce
ment setting new date and place
is expected later, according to
word received yesterday from the
ICC by Atlantic Coast Line rail-
road officials.
This action was taken in response
to petitions filed by the Atlantic
Cost Line and other parties in
terested in the proposed reorgani-
cation of the railroad. They asked
that the date of the hearings be
extended so as to permit adequate
time for the preparation of evil
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05

erican armies and enough Ma
rine divisions to form a fourth,
with the immensely powerful
LIST Army gathering to join the
lunge.
As these forces readied for
their blow, a dispatch from
United Press Correspondent
Earnest Hoberecht with the U.
S. Bird Fleet said carrier pilots
had been surveying the Japan
csc coast.
The pilots found can exceed
ingly great number of beaches
excellently suited for INVASION"
Hoberecht reported.
With Okinawa and II other
American-held islands in the
Ryukyu chain, Macarthur also
was given control of all Army
forces in that area with the ex-
ception of 1t. Gen. James H.
DOOlittle's 9Th Air Force.
These include Gen. Joseph
w. Vinegar joel StilwelPs
10th Army and Gen. George C.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05
RABBI FRIEDMAN
ASSUMES DUTIES
Massachusetts Man Sue
ceeds Bronstein At B'Nai
Israel Synagogue

Rabbi Samuel A. Friedman,
formerly Of Taunton, Mass, has
assumed his duties as rabbi of the
B'nai Israel Synagogue, at 313 Wal
nut St., officials of the Congrega-
ton announce yesterday.
Rabbi Friedman, who arrived
here Wednesday, conducted his
first services Friday night. He sue
ceeds Rabbi H. Bronstein, who left
Wilmington recently.
While en- route from Massa-
chusetts to North Carolina, he spent
a week with his parents, Rabbi
and Mrs. I, R. Friedman, in Phila-
delphia, before entering his new
post.
Rabbi Friedman's wife and one
son are expected to arrive here
about August Is.
While in Taunton, Rabbi Fried
man was Jewish chaplain of Taun-
ton State hospital; president of the
Taunton Ministers union; vice
president of the Taunton Com
munity council; a member of the
Continued on Page Two; Col. y
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05
Radios Expected To Be
Available By Christmas

THE public won't have much
trouble buying radios as Christmas
presents" Small said.
He was generally optimistic
about the quantity of civilian goods
which will become available in the
next eight or nine months.
There will be a trickle OF e.
william goods into the market Tor
the next five months" Small said.
Then "there will be a stream,
and finally a flood"
By the end of March, 1916, most
civilian supply problems will be
ironed out, he predicted and ci.
william shortages will be rapidly dis
appearing.
Continued ON Page Five; Col ~
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05

WASHINGTON, Aug. 4.-U.H-
Civilians will be able to buy
radios for Christmas presents this
year, a high war production board
official said tonight.
Moreover, WPB Staff Chief John
D. Small told the United Press, the
return of radios to store shelves
and showrooms will be a harbin-
ger of many other types of goods
desired by a public with needs to
be filled and cash to spend.
WPB has authorized manufactur-
ers in the last three months of
this year to produce 2,500,000
radios, about half the pre-war CT
william output. The full prewar pro-
duction rate is promised for the
first quarter of 1916.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05

house Marks Machinery company.
Permission was granted j. E
Weinberg to build a $4,000 struc-
ture at 7O2 N. Third street and Ter
the Goldsboro Milling Co. to make
alterations amounting to $9,25O at
Nos. 7 and 9 S. Second street.
A permit was issued for the build
ing of a new structure for jacob
Hardware Co. at 72123 Surry
street. Firestone Stores was allow
ed to make $1,875 alterations at
8 N. Front street.
The Longley Supply Co., 219-25
S. Water street, received parnts-
sion to make 5000 alterations, and
w. T. jackson was granted per-
NIT to demolish a structure at 7l9
Castle street at an estimated >ost
of $4,000.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05
new SPECULATION
AIRED OVER RADIO
One Commentator Again
Dismisses Talk OF Un-
conditional Surrender

SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 4.
Tokyo radio con-
coded today that an Allied in
vasion of the homeland would
be a success if staged on a
proper scale, but waXed con-
fident that Nippon's boarded
airpower would smash the in
vaders and led the sons of the
Mikado to ultimate victory.
Speculation on the anticipated
invasion was contained in broad
casts by two unidentified COM
mentators, one of whom again sis
missed talk of unconditional sur
render with the statement:
Japan will not give in because
it dots not know the word lefeat,
and the quicker the enemy rea-
Lies it, the better it will be for
them"
Awaiting Invasion
The other broadcaster, attempt
ing to convey the though that ia
pan was anxiously awaiting the in
vasion, gave a lefthanded admis-
sion of the possibilities by saying
the big attack will be doomed to
failure unless the operation is I'M
der utmost skill and on a large
scale"
The broadcasts, monitored by the
Federal Communications Mission,
described Japan as playing await
ing game, "gritting its teeth" and
insisted there was mo need to
counterrattack the enemy at this
stage-not until the enemy opera
tons actually begin.''
One commentator was contemp-
tous of Germany and its crackup
under Allied air we; ght. "Orien-
tails are mde of sterner stuff" he
said, mentioning the Chinese and
their eight-year defense against
the severest sort of bombing
The Russians at Stalingrad? 1T
was, dare say, because of their
Oriental blood, not their occiden-
Continued on Page Ten; Col -
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05
Col fage
City Buildings Permits
Total SIS, 453 In July

Permits for repairs, alterations
ana erections amounting to an es-
umated cost of $115, 453 were is
Sued by City Building Inspector
hilbert F. Morton during July.
~. Inc inspector, in his report to
tl'y Manager A. C. Nichols yes
.efoay said that during the month
niFee condemned buildings were re-
moved seven buildings not con-
uelnned were removed and three
eohoemned structures were repair
building and street permit fees
'otaled s423.5O.
Inc two largest items dealt with
s were permits for the erection of a
szoooo Frozen Food Lockers plant
sho a new $4,000 structure tc
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05

dence to be submitted in the case.
It was also requested that some
point in Florida be designated at
the conference city, rather than
Washington, D. c., since trans
portation facilities to Florida are
better and the majority of the wit
nesses in the proceedings are res
idents of that state.
Upon petition by the various wit
nesses in the case, the hearings
on the reorganization proceedings
were reopened by tn ices or
der of July, in response to peti-
lions filed by the parties after the
lCC denied the reorganization plan
IN january. Under the proposed
CONTINUED on Page Five; Col y
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-05
BIOS Warn IL More Jap Cities
To Surrender, Evacuate Or Die;
Tokyo Sees Success Of Invasion
7kinawa, Other Ryukyus Isles
Placed Under Gen. Macarthur

MANILA, Aug. 4-U.H-Oki-
nawa and the smaller islands
Of the Ryukyus group were
placed under the command of
Gen. Douglas Macarthur today
and with the Philippines will
make up huge invasion cata-
pault from which five armies
may be hurled at Japan.
Adm. Chester w. Nimitz'
carrier pilots already were Sc
lecting suitab BILE Japanese beach,
es for landing operations as the
U. S. Pacific Fleet commander
turned over to Macarthur con-
troll of the springboard areas
from which the invasion will
be launched.
Tokyo radio predicted the
great American blow-aimed to
crush swiftly the last enemy
still fighting in World War
Two-would fall within 30 to 60
days.
Already poised for the assault
in the Pacific are three Am