davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-07-07

friendly to the U. s. S. r." viii be
established there.
These observations are considered by
the American government as being
without serious foundation. Prerqier
Stain informed Harry l.. Hopkins at
their last meeting that he was not in
terested in the Yenan government and
in the strife between Chungking and
Yenan.
The Russian Premier Is said to have
taken the attitude that the people in
Yenan are not bona f1de Communists
but mere agrarians and their leaders
mostly opportunists. According to re-
ports, Premier Stain has reiterated
these views to Premier Soong, together
with the verbal assurance that the So
Wet government will not interfere in the
conflict between the two factions of
China.
But no formal and definite promise
appears to have been given that the
Yenan group will not enjoy the un0ffi-
cial support of such a neighbor as the
Mongolian republic, which Is part of
the U. s. s. r. DR.. Soong is said to
have agreed with the Soviet government
that the representative of the self
styled" Chinese Communists should be
taken into the Chungking government
in order TO improve China's internal
situation. But he pointed out that sew
eral fruitless efforts in that direction
have been made In the last Is months
There have been many exchanges Of
views in Chungking with the representa-
tiyeS of the Yenan group at the initia-
tive of Chang and later at the insist
ence of Americas Ambassador, Maj
Gen. Patrick Hurley All these have
proved without avail because as soon as
an agreement appeared to have been
reached, the Yenan government boosted
its claims. In the end it became obvious
that the real aim of the Chinese Com
nunists was to take over the govern
nient of China completely.
There is strong suspicion in Chung
king that Yenan's unyielding attitude
is based on the Vaccinations of the
politbureau in Moscow. Had it not been
for this support it is believed the Yenan
group would have accepted the collab-
Grafton offered by Chang in the hope
that later it might get the upper hand
throughout China.
Premier Soong, who doubtless desired
more positive assurance that no sup
port from even unofficial Soviet quarters
would be given to Yenan, could do
nothing but accept the official Moscow
view that China'S affairs do not interest
the U. S. S. r. government. With their
customary diplomatic shrewdness the
Chinese delegation accepted this state
ment at its face value and will soon
sign a formal agreement which will
result in better oficial relations with
Moscow
Evening star., 1945-07-07

The pattern of the high command for
the decisive stage of the Japanese war
is now becoming little clearer.
The appointment of Gen. Spaatz as
commander of Strategic Air Forces in
the Pacific follows logical division o.
functions. 1t is the third part of the
pattern; the other two are the land
forces of the Pacific theater, under Cen
eral of the Army Macarthur, and the
naval forces under Fleet Admiral
Nimitz.
Hitherto, in practice, Gen. Macarthur
and Admiral Nimitz have exercised
overall commands in specific areas of
the Pacific theater. Each has had un-
der his command such land, air and
naval forces as he required. Thus Gen.
Macarthur, in the Southwest Pacific
area, has long had the 7th Fleet
(Admiral Kinkaid) at his disposal, in
addition to the 9Th and 9th Armies
and the Far Eastern Air Forces (5th
and 18th Air Forces. Admiral Nimitz,
in the Pacific Ocean areas, has had
various units of the Army under his
command from the time of the attack on
Tarawa and Maxim Islands - in the
Okinawa operation he had an entire
army, the 10th, as well as the 7th Air
Force.
But neither Gen. Macarthur nor
Admiral Nimitz has exercised command
over the strategic bombers, the B-29
squadrons, which have functioned under
the 10th Air Force of which the COM
mander was General of the Army II. II.
Arnold, member of the combined
chiefs of staff and commanding gen.
eral of the United States Army Air
Forces.
Now it would appear that, as the
Allied power closes in on Japan, the
command is to be exercised along more
strictly functional lines. 1t will be the
province of the Navy to take the Army
where it wants to go, to get 1t ashore
when necessary, to support it with gun
fire and carrier biased planes, to sup
ply it and to protect its line of COM
munications as far as that line is sea-
borne It viii be the province OF the
Army to seek out and attack the enemy
on land wherever it may be necessary
to overcome his resistance.
Admiral Nimitz win command the
Nays part of this job, with Admirals
Halsey and Spruance apparently alter
mating in actual operational command.
Gen. Macarthur will command the land
fighting, and it seems likely that he
viii have two groups Of armies for the
purpose commanded by Gems. StilweH
and Kruger, with at least four armies
(lst, 9Th, 9th and 1oth), plus possibly
a spear heading Marine army. His
Tactical Air Force will probably con-
tinue to be Gen. George G. Kenney's
Far Eastern Air Forces, which may also
Evening star., 1945-07-07

anomalous. On the other hand, the
United States has entered the pic
ture and obviously intends to have
part in the new Tangier settle
ment. Still more significant is the
request of Soviet Russia to partici-
pate in the discussions, thereby in
dicating her intention to have a
hand in the ordering of Mediter-
ranean affairs. With the United
States and Russia entering the pic
ture, the changes wrought by World
War II in the Mediterranean power
balance are strikingly disclosed.
Evening star., 1945-07-07
One Workers View of Strikes


To the Editor of The Star:
Though I know that in free Amer
lea" the Bill of Rights grants me the
right to work without having to join
a union in order to get a job, yet in
these days have had to join union
in order to get job and have been
forced to join in strikes that slow up
and stop production necessary to the
winning of this war.
Horrible is the thought that I may
be contributing to the death of the
sons of my neighbors and to my own
sons death. What am I but a slave?
Every payday I hear my shackles
clanking.
I try to be fair, to look at the Situa
ton from the union leaders point of
view. I believe these leaders have been
actuated by good motives and that my
wages have been raised by means of
strikes; but when these strikes de-
manded picketing that led to violence
and sometimes to murder and to the
degradation of sit-down strikes, clearly
a violation of the Bill of Rights,
began to see another side, that of the
employer How can an employer finance
his business If held up by strikes
stopping production, so that eventually
he will have nothing to sell and cannot
carry on?
I know that many employers have
been and are selfish and greedy, paying
the smallest possible wages; but the
"still small voice" called conscience
warns me that many workers when
hiring another worker do the same and
are as ready to take advantage of
bargains" as their employers.
How indignant our soldiers, who are
daily offering their lives to end this
war, must be, because of these strikes
slowing up production and transporta-
ton so vital to the war effort. Why
should not the laborer also make some
sacrifice in common with other citi-
zens?
7 wish our union leaders were not so
shortsighted as to call strikes, thereby
antagonizing the many innocent people
who are sufferers in every strike, but
would ask instead for a gradual re-
vision Of hours and wages as the need
for reconversion arises and present their
grievances in kindly spirit, urging
employers to consider further with them
some plan for profit-sharing.
Speed the day when we all learn to
cooperate, when teamwork for the
common good makes good scouts of
us all, both laborers and employers and
thus all need for strikes Is ended.
E. S. SNYDER.
Evening star., 1945-07-07
Mr.. Vinson Moves Up

In selecting Judge Fred M. Vinson
to succeed Henry Morgenthau as
Secretary of the Treasury, President
Truman has made another appoint
ment which will meet with general
approval.
AS member of the House, Judge
Vinson specialized in tax matters,
and he enjoys the full respect and
confidence of the members of Con-
gress with whom he will deal as
Secretary of the Treasury. This is
an asset which MIR. Morgenthau
never had, and its Importance
should not be underestimated.
His valuable experience in the
House, however, is but one of Judge
WILSON'S qualifications for the cabi-
net post to which he has been
named. He has served on the
United States Court of Appeals for
the District, as director of eco
nomic stabilization, as head of the
Federal loan agencies and as di-
rector of the Office of War Mobili-
zation.
A mere recitation of these func-
tions is to establish the fact that
the President could not have Sc
lected any one with better back
ground to take over the direction
of the Treasury Department. But
the cabinets gain in this respect
is the war agencies loss. Mr.. Tru-
man, in seeking competent sue
cessor to Judge VinSon in the i'm
portant war mobilization post, will
be faced with no easy task.
Evening star., 1945-07-07
Supreme Court Change

Wlen owen j. IODeTGS Was UOIIll-
mated to the Supreme Court fifteen
years ago a friend of his, the then
Senator Pepper of Pennsylvania,
said: Roberts ought not to be clas-
sified as a liberal or as conserva-
tive. All groups in the country will
find him friendly, but none will
ever be able to claim him aS.an ally.
He will be detached in his consid-
Grafton of cases, and it will soon be
recognized that his distinguishing
characteristic is a determination to
act on principle"
Time has confirmed this appraisal.
During his first seven years on the
bench. Justice Roberts frequently
cast the deciding vote. The court
was sharply divided, with Justices
Butler, McReynoldS, Van Devanter
and Sutherland on the conservative
side. The liberals were Justices
Holmes succeeded by Cardozo) j,
Brandeis and Stone. When they
were joined by Chief Justice Hughes,
as often was the case, eight men,
berS of the court were evenly di-
vided, leaving the decision, in prac-
tical effect, to the determination of
Justice Roberts. And he applied
the law in each case as he saw it,
voting first with one faction and
then with the other.
This lineup was changed in 1887,
when Justice Roberts, in an opinion
generally construed as reversing
previous position, agreed that the
States had constitutional power to
enact minimum wage laws for
women. After that, he voted in
favor of the administrations posi-
ton in fourteen consecutive cases,
and this, coupled with changes
in judicial personnel, served to
bring about a definite revision of
the constitutional views of the
court. This seeming about-face
on the part of Justice Roberts has
been the subject of much specula-
tion. Some believe that Chief JUS
tice Hughes persuaded him as to the
correctness of the new point of view,
while others say that this was con-
cluSion which Justice Roberts
reached independently. Whatever
the fact as to that, there can be
little doubt that he played a very
material part in saving the court
from what was a very thinly dis
guised attempt at outright partisan
political domination.
In recent years Justice Roberts
has frequently been in the minority
in decisions having political impli-
cations, and he is often classed now
as a conservative. Actually, how
ever, most of his protests from the
bench have been directed against
the current school of pseudo liber-
alism which, while paying lip Serv-
ice to the pre-eminence of Con-
greSS in the legislative field, is con-
stantly substituting its own judg-
ment in legislative matters for the
judgment of Congress.
In this he is keeping faith with
the truly great liberal justices of
earlier days, and, although he seems
to have been waging losing fight,
his departure from the court is
cause for deep regret. There is no
reason to suppose that the school of
thought which now dominates the
Nations highest tribunal will en-
dure forever, and it is important to
preserve a continuity of dissent
which will help in guiding the court
back to it's proper place in our sys-
tenn of government.
Evening star., 1945-07-07
"Cherub" and "Sonny"

To the Editor of The Star:
Surely all who have known and loved
the Washington of saner days must have
appreciated The Stars recent guest art
ist--the Incompatible Cheerful Cherub.
long ago believed that the tiny sage
and the delightful Sonny had gone with
the wind and the war, along with the
fascinating little folks of the Green
Forest.
And it may be of interest to know
that the lCherub and Sonny are doing
their stuff and actually have gone to
war From my collection I have copied
many of these inspiring bits of artistry
and sent them with letters and gifts
to the boys at the fighting front, and
they never failed to bring back salvos
of appreciation.
JOHN FRANCIS STEELE.
Evening star., 1945-07-07

The cost of rebuilding Rotterdam
will be about $24O,O0O,0OO. Multiply
the figure by many thousands, and
you will understand what luxury
Hitler was to the world.
Evening star., 1945-07-07

Any skeptic who doubts that in
ternational cooperation will work
is referred to the circus-which is a
league of nations in which men and
women of all races and creedS and
classes pull together for a single
purpose with no more friction than
there is in an average American
family group.
Evening star., 1945-07-07

In Lincoln, England, $50 new pre-
fabricated houses were reported to
be available. Only $500 applicants
responded. Other people interested,
probably, were afraid of being tram
pied to death in the rush.
Evening star., 1945-07-07
Ersutz Lining
a the st. Louis STAR Times.

From the st. Louis Star-Times.
Tokyo propagandists are telling Japs
who have been bombed out Of house
and home that they should be happier,
as they have no property worries now.
Wed call that lining cloud with ersatz
silver.
Evening star., 1945-07-07

Divorces are breaking all records
in number in South Africa, but it
also is true that an increasing multi
tude of people are insisting on get
ting married.
Evening star., 1945-07-07
Praise for Overseas Edition.

Praise for Overseas Edition.
To the Editor Of The Star:
1 have been receiving your Overseas
Edition of The Star since arrived here
and would like for you to know that I
look forward to it like a letter from
home. 1t is of great interest to me to
read of people. places, ETC., in Wash
ington. The Star has been the news
paper in my family ever since can
remember and that only makes me more
anxious to receive and read it.
The other day, while sweating out"
another Army line pulled out my copy
of The Star and started to read it for
the second time. Before knew it, four
guys standing in line near me wanted
seconds" on it and I almost was mobbed.
Later I found out that one was from
Washington, two from nearby Maryland
and one from Virginia. You can be
assured that that particular copy Of
The Star was read to within an inch
of its life.
Here's hoping that I'll continue to
have friends thoughtful enough to for
ward copies to me even after I get to
the Pacific area What I'm really looking
forward to is that time when I'll be
back home and can see full-size copy
of your paper again. May that time be
not far awayl GEORGE w. REBER.
Norwich, England.
Evening star., 1945-07-07
Letters to The Star
Asks Why Government Favors
Recreation and Racing.
no the EDITOR Of The STAR:

To the Editor Of The Star:
We In the church find it exceedingly
difficult to understand why the War
Mobilization Board has lifted the ban on
racing and still limits the church In the
type of conferences and conventions
which 1t has been holding through the
years and finds SO essential to its work.
If the churches would change all of
their summer conferences into recrea-
ton programs and call them camps
with very limited amount Of religious
instruction or worship, then they would
be permitted to hold them. This means
that racing and recreation are put ahead
of religion.
noticed in the paper that $4,000
persons bet more than $11 100000 at six
race tracks since the ban has been lifted.
At one race track the attendance was
It's, ,150 and the total bets were $11 1888, ,141.
We in the churches don't wish to COM
plain If there is lack of transportation
and manpower, but we can't quite
understand why recreation and racing
seem to be so much more important than
summer religious conferences in which
our young people particularly receive
much inspiration and training for their
lives.
On February 20, 1892, the United
/ States Supreme Court declared the
United States to be Christian Nation.
1t is rather difficult to understand the
actions of some of our leaders in i'm
portant positions in Government. We
understand perfectly the terrific prob
lens that face them in these unusual
days, but if particular attention can be
given to the unessential, then we GER
tainly feel that attention should be given
to the essential.
FREDERICK E. REISSIG,
Executive secretary, Washington Fed
Grafton of Churches.
Evening star., 1945-12-18
|GuIfstreom Will Raise Purses
Again, Starting Christmas

and r.. ]. Martin are tied for third
place with six winners, making II
complete sweep for the appren-
tices so far.
Jockey Job Dean Jessop rode two
more winners at Gulfstream Park
yesterday to bring his total for the
year up to 28l. Jessop is shootinf
for the modern record Of 302 held by
Jackie Westrope.
California jockeys are runninf
one-two at the Hipodromo De La
Americas meeting. Track figure.
for the first 80 days OF the session
showed that Billy Pearson Of Pasa-
dena had booted in 80 winners ir
135 races while Ellsworth Sylvia o1
Vallejo had scored with "a first
placers in 157 tries.
Feature winners yesterday:
Qulfstream-statesma $23.1U.
Charles Town-Robert Z. Lee, S14 90,
Bay Meadows-Semper Avanti, 81. 40.
Evening star., 1945-12-18
Cavaliers Have Three
Boxing Vets; 1erps
On 6-Match LIST
~ the Associated Press.

CHARLOTTESVILLE, Va, Dec
18.-Tom M. Carruthers, graduate
manager OF athletics, has announced
Virginia's boxing schedule, listing
six meets with powerful opponents
of former years.
-Four feature matches with Mary
land, Penn State, North Carolina
and Wisconsin appear on the home
side Of the program to celebrate the
25th anniversary Of intercollegiate
competition for the Cavaliers.
Coast Guard Academy and Penn
State will be visited.
Coach Albert T. York is back to
direct Cavalier boxing activitie.
after an absence of three years fol
Army service. His assistants are
Truman Southall and Norman Rath.
bun, both standout boxers of severa'
years ago.
Almost all assignments. will go Il
new candidates and preliminary
practice will end Thursday witt
public tryouts in Memorial Gym.
nasium. Left over from last year.
team are Capt. Charles Pomatto
1855, and Conn Jenkins, 165. Milton
Parlow, regular heavyweight back ir
1912. has rejoined the squad aftel
a tour as an Army flyer. The sched.
ule:
January 5, Maryland; IL, Penr
State; 10, at Coast Guard Academy
26 at Penn State.
February 2, North Carolina; Q
| Wisconsin.
Evening star., 1945-12-18
By the Associated Press.


For the second time during the
current meeting, purses will be
raised ut Gulfstream Park. Track
President James Dom yesterday
authorized the boost effective Christ
mas Day.
The new purse assignments will
range from 81 800 to 5000 on week
days and from 1880 to 5000 or
upward on Saturdays. A week ago
purses were upped from the orig
inal 1890 minimum to 4 1880
minimum.
Busher, Louis B. Mayors famed
horse OF the year" filly, will be
bred to Beau Pere at Mayors Cali
fornia farm this spring. Beau Pere,
imported by the movie executive
from Australia, has to his credit Is
winners from among q crop Of II
foals to reach racing age this year.
Doctor Jeep, claimed for c. P.
Sewers out of Saturdays program
for 5000, is the highest-pri
claim Of the Gulfstream Park meet.
ing to date.
Apprentice Frank Truschka has
averaged winner 4 day for the
first Is days Of the Gulfstream
Park season to top the riders. An
other apprentice, Larney Hansman,
is second with nine. M. Buxton
Evening star., 1945-12-18
Borowy Is Leading N. L. HurIer
In Eorned-Run, Won-Lost Lists
BY JOE REICHLER,
Associated Press Sports Writer

NEW YORK, Dec. 18.-Hank Bo-
rowy, whose midseason purchase
from the New York Yankees helped
the Chicago Cubs gain their first
pennant in seven years, led all Ma
tional League pitchers in earned-run
and won-and-lost ratings for 1945,
off1cial baseball figures disclosed to-
day.
Waived out of the American
League by President Larry MscPhail
of the Yankees because of his "in-
ability to 60 the route after July
T." Borowy not only completed ii of
his IA starting assignments for the
Cubs, but became the first senior
circuit hurler since Cincinnati's
Elmer Riddle in 1941 to capture both
the earned-run and won-and-lost
honors.
In winning II and losing 2 for
an .846 percentage, Borowy allowed
only 2.14 earned runs per game, q
fraction Of a run better than team
mate Claude Passeau's 2.46, with
five others bettering the 800 for the
nine-inning course.
Barrett Wins Most Games.
st. Louis Harry Brecheen, run
nerup to Borowy in the won-and-
lost department, ranked next in
earned runs with 252 followed by
Bucky Walters of Cincinnati (2.68)
and Hank Wyse OF the Cubs (2.69)
Pittsburgh's Preacher Roe was sixth
at 2.87 and Ken Burkhart, another
Redbird, ranked seventh at 2.90.
In registering II victories for the
Cubs, Borowy became the second
hurler in the history of the big
leagues to win 20 games or more in
one season although pitching for
both loops. He had won 10 games
in the American League before join
ing the Cubs. Only Joe McGinnity
of the 1902 Baltimore Orioles and
New York Giants had previously
accomplished the feat.
Charley (RedD Barrett, another
two-team hurler, won the most VIC
tories. His % triumphs for the Bos-
ton Braves and Cardinals was one
more than the total Wyse, the loops
only other 20-game winner, could
muster.
Barrett, who was thrown in as
excess baggage by the Braves in the
celebrated Mort Cooper deal, also
pitched the most complete games, "a,
and the most innings. 2S5, faced the
most batsmen, Its and allowed the
most hits, 287.
Passeau, whose one-hitter, against
Evening star., 1945-12-18

BY the Associated Press. 5hls=
,PHILApMPHIA.-B Fox 1859.
PTEh55liadelphia. TE5iH tIa. stopped George -Kochan'
NEWARK, N. J.-Freddy Archer,
Gerdans Gas ssTsts fso, MonsresI nj adItpGpsed p5 Pat
ttroit. stopped Bob Berry. 16s. cleve-
NEW yoRK.-rony Pellon., 141.
fsg fsSs. YGsE sEookSDp kSf9Dpea Patsy oiovaneli'
.o3si TRoY. lSAyn S. Ynossie t5s; Roariqu.z. 1870.
132. New York (S).
na5HI1Sa GHIGAqo.giIl q Parsons, Pa a l4sM.
is1 isnvls: psyton On ohlo easP0insea 1ss Gene oudsi
t5ni o4jsSda Man; Il, stopped Red Grant. l@Sfs'
Flint, Mich, knocked out Pete Bolos,
.si sNEw nfIRI!E sRfFA1N, IN. cohn.-rony vero,
Nick Restiano, 144, Newark, N. j. 90.
PROVIDENCE, R. Larry Bolvir.
126, Providence, knocked out Pete vir-
SIN H6IgoKS 5Iso sehnefssas Msss,NMark AZ 3d. kid
Chicken) Lockmas, 155, New York, out
pointed George (Wiidcatl Henry, 1887,
New Bedford, Mass. 10l.
BOSTON.-Pat Comiskey, 215, Pat
eIson; N j. Hptp9in.ed Art McAlpine'
Philadelphia. outpointed George Cooper,
130, New York Q0).
OCEAN PARK, Calif-Lou Bernal,
134, Los Angeles, stopped Mike Belloise,
171h. Cleveland, TKo'd Bobby lander.
Ir6, Los Angeles 80
Evening star., 1945-12-18

BUT IT 10 STILL ls4s savings wisely
help avoid na.on.ry price increases and At the same time
maintain baklogs for the kind Of future all desire spend
money earey look back day with regret
During the millions Of Americans protect their families
to educate their Children business of their own
own home, retire. Today they still following
buying only what they really goods
arc plentiful holding their War Bonds and life and
maintaining their savings Are you Of them?
Americas life insurance companies sponsoring this program of
information public service the 900
ance and to every American citizen.
ADDRESS INQUIRIES Torso 4a.d STREET NEW YORK H.
the financial health Of the ~atios