davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Washington Journal., 1945-09-21

ternationolen 8eripaltung ser itd1ie-
nii6en &olonien bel &uBlan0 gefun-
Sen 5lt bo6erl. o0ie Mogli1fei. ser
Notwithstanding italieniifer &o-
lonien our9 cine ein5elne Modt iol-
tie ni6t bon Der Suto gerpieien tpers
BEN" meinte Ser Sopietminiiter; Die
ienigen M66te, Die fir cine foleftioe
Notwithstanding iinO, tonnten
freili1 arglmentieren, oaB oas fol-
leftiOe 8rin6ip nod auf Ole 8erual.
tung 9elpiiier an0erer (nidt-italieni-
ider) @ebiete angepen0et meroen
f0nnte, ln0 oa f0nnte Iif freili1
an9 &uBlano 81 elmer reioluteren
M~npenoung oieies 8rin3ips bereit
finoen." (g8ie es l6eint, cine 4nipie-
lung auf uniere @bii6t, erflltiio ame-
rifanii6e, ofio niht foaeftibe ,&on-
troIle" ii6er gemiiie 8a5ififJSnieln 3u
6eanipru6enD
&on Sen &egierltngen &umdniens,
uno ltngarns (oieIe ltno
bon ben @ereinigten Stoaten uno
ENGLAND dt-onerfannt, Die oagegeit
ser @~rieden&egierung anerfennung
gem0brt boben) bebauptete Molotoff
o6ermols, Tie ieien .Ioemofrotii64,
moge9en Don Dem atbenii9en aabi-
nett Elm gleides niGt geingt tperoen
fonne. Sc raider BriedenIonO cine
oer6oblte @olotoff ieitte Hegterung
erbnlte, 0eito better lei es fir 0ieies
2ono un0 sic Qaiierten. Jerner mie-
oerboate MoIotoff, ieine &egierueg
6etradte oie 9ooecnnes- Snieln ni6t
als Solomon, ionoern als (unrebt-
maBigen) 8eiib Staliens, Der Den
Stalienern ob9enommen tperoen jon.
te.
Washington Journal., 1945-09-21
fOrOerte
Corn berans

Eofio Die groBe iapanlide
3eitung 0Aiobi" murOe iuipenOiert,
neil tie ~angeoeutet bate, oaB Die ja-
pnnii6e @reile Die pon Saponern
lbegangenen @reltel beridten miilie.
nm uuf oieie 8eiie bon glmerifa,
nern b%egangene @reuel 8t pertu.
iden. Den idnrfen @rlaB perbanh
ser General inoeiien nit Miloe, in
Dem er Sapan geltattete, in Sofin
bier Sransportflug3euge in 9ienit
81 Iteaen.
Sbigeru goi6toa, Elm Diplomat.
Ser einmal alS &~riegsgegner oerbaf-
tet nor0en mar, batte cine &on-
ferert3 nit &aiier @irobito uno er-
bielt Sen Soften oeS AuBenmini-
tiers. @r miro ser Nodfolger BON
Mtamoru Sbigemitiu, Der Oie &a-
pitulution Undergraduate unO Elm
Sl1timtS 0es friI5eren BremierS
Colo mar.
8ie 3eitutg uaiabi", sic belon-
0ers pom inteqeftueaen &reiien ge-
leien tpltroe, mar oos erIte idpani-
i6e 8latt, oas Den 3orn Der Gent
loren beripiirt bot, Del6e in Die
Bureaus Der 8l1tter eingeriiGt
1in0, nod0em anfrei5en0e artifel
eridyienen maren. geoh fur5 porber
hatte 0as 9latt mie aud sic anoeren
9eitungen Die bon BEN Sapanern be-
Qnnqnen @reueltaten beoduert uno
sem MtilitGr borgeporfen, ben
&rieg bonn ,3altn ge6rofen 81 be-
ben, a6er an Sen orei perber9egange-
nen Sogen botte eS ii6 iiber
sic @reilelmeloungen mofiert uno
sen @ereinigten Stoaten oorqepor-
len, 6oB lie iel6it NIT Ser atom-
bom6e oas 80lferredt Oerlebt bot
ten. Sn einem 2eitortifel mar ge-
iaqt tpor0en, sic @reuelberidte lei-
en- in 6ie @elt gelett Doroen, I'm
sic S6onotaten, uoie BON einigen
amerifaniiGen SofOaten in Sapan
begangen puroen", 5u peroefen.
Washington Journal., 1945-09-21

er, ais miiiie er Ii6 enti6uGOigen lid
0anf guA 2eutl'n, ib Oant @ud
id}0n". Damn erfldrte er: u@S lit
nod 81 friib, Don meiner &erbuitung
51 reoer. gtur bon Sen let5ten oret
Gagen fann ih e%r5a6len BON orei
b0ien 6itteren Sogenl0ie ihmer an
Sen 0erpen 5errten. 9arii6er, oaB
man mid nod ihnell III ole ,,&orref-
tltr" geiteft bat, mill i6 gar nift
flogen, 0enn 10 iebr es mid entp0rt
bat, 10 menig Dot es mid i6mah
gemaht. 8alo bieB es mir Ioaten
oerI6leppt mer0en per S6iff o0er
81 Sub, ie0enfalls ourh Slrtillerie-
feuer uno 6liegerangriife binourf.
9ann mie0er neitt MIR 0ie l6meren
6Glle fonnlen meg, Die lei6ten
blei6en; Damn fam mie0er Sic Nad-
ri6t, allies bleibt unO ihlieBli1 bieB
eS nod einntal, alleS fomme meg.
llnO ieoes Weal baben mir, 10 gut
es ging, i6nell unlere MinBnobmen
%rarG6reoet, Die geplante 8eri6lep-
pung gu it0ren; 10 mar gum 9eilpiel
beipro6en, Dab ieoer fir ben 6all
0eS SranlporteS per S6iff 5mei
@1roe poll Sano mitnebmen %Iollte,
Ole Damn, Ga mon unS ia lider sur
Mrbeit ais Sei3er ODER etpas dbn-
lidem berange3o9en bate, in einem
giinltigen Moment in Die Wtal6i-
men ~gerporfen mer0en ioaen, I'M
lie itia3ulegen. Q8ir MOLTEN 0o6
nift meg non @ien, mir Dubten
ia, 0aB man ltns balo befreien Mir
De, es pGre natiirli6 m0gli6
gepelen, BOB ms Die 90 I'M
Iebten Rlugenblif umgelegt b1tte,
uber Die 3pilcouroge, Die MIDI
wa6reno Der gall3en 3eit meiner
8Grbaftung altTrdbterbalten bat,
but MIDI in oieien 0rei Sagen nid)t
perlalien."
ltaber lein fiinftiges @irfen be-
fragt, er3dblte Saul Sor6iger:
SD bin Sdnltipielcr uno oas
Aleibe i6 oltd. als lSdauIpieler
anoeren 9euten 8reuoe mo6eh
Oas fam if, un0 oas lit, glaub'
id, oas @idtigite. Damit mon
einnal bon iidL pie Ser ielige
8en3eG Sdol5 ouf Dem Eoteltbett
iagen fam: nSbr pero'ts net 10
lang I'M mid meinen, Die' ii6er
n1ih d'lodt hnbt'S."
Washington Journal., 1945-09-21
81. @tnbl
9ibt Mntwort

@atifansS tao - Gin botifoniider
'@etud6rsmonn beitritt Die gebolipt-
Jung Der prrbiioriiden &egierltng IN
@ari9ait, Ser 81. Stlibl babe oas 20
Sabre olte &onforoat NIT Hplen ge.
bro6en, inoem er in ser 3eit Der
oeuti6en 8eiebung oes 2atoes 5u
geiitlihen @ertpeiern 5tueier polni-
i6er 8istiimer 9euti6e beiteIlte. Die
8oLenregiarung, oie inn ii6rigen du.
eeii6ert bat, oie 6reibeit Der Stride
I'M polnii9en @ebiet mer6e in boIlem
llmforlg reipeftiert peroen, be5oG
iid babel auf Aen l1mitano, 0aB bic
Gbolmer Dio8eie ieiner5eit Dem Bid.
OF BON 9on5ig unterItellt purbe uio
aud oie gr8oio5ele Bolen-@ neien ei-
men Seutiden 8rieitcr gum Sberbir.
ten erbielt.
u9as aonfonoot iiebt feline 8e.
idrdnfung Ser 8efuenis oes Sl.
Stnbls 8ur @iniebung 3eitnailiger
&erpeier BON 8istimern oor", be-
tonte ser @ortfiibrer oes @atifons.
u%iotpeit es oltf 0as 8istltm Gbolnt
onfommt, Ioaen oie 9inge alt iener
Belt 10, Bob Oie 9i05eie ibres polni-
i6en Sberbirten itno fat ibres ye-
inmten polnii6en &Lerlts iiberbaupt
beraitbt mar. Grit 0onn9 tpitroe
bieies 8istltm Dem 8iidof bon 9ons
gig als 5eihpeiligen @ertueier an
pertraut. 9ie grnennung zines
Neutiden 8istum-@ ertpeiers in 8oie1
erfolgte erit, na6oem BEN polniifPn
@rieItern ieoe 6iiblungnobme NIT
Den Geutiden bon sen Na8is unn0S.
li6 gernu1t tporoen mar"
0aB sic 2irdenregierune sic pro-
oiIorii6e Hegierung in @nridau
nidt onerfnnt bat - alih oariiber
mar BORT 8el1meroe eefiibrt ipor0er
- erflarte man bier onnit, 0oB ton
polniider Settle niemols Inn cine ioI-
de @%nerfennung eriudt tpor6en lei
uno Ser 81. Stubl ii6 an cine 1ile
TRADITION bolte, oie i6r @eritenung
oiplomatii6er 8~e5iebineen ST. IL
genbeinem Stonte MIR ins0em Saue'
erlal6e, oaB Der fragli6e Gtoat
ieinerieits einen babingebenoen
@uni9 gum @us0rlid gebradt bat.
Washington Journal., 1945-09-21
SCOOTER ma1t
YoT@ld9e

Ghicoao. - grpr1lioent 6oober
iebte in elmer ldngeren NeOe EN-
0roaromm bon IL 8unften alSeln<
onoer, 6os er als 8runolage fir Die
@emGbrung bon Anleiben an ai1oere
pdroer MAIDEN miirOe. Bor allem
IdIug er Dor, oie Baht : Geibldll-
sen Ioaten nidt glatt geltrifen fper-
Sen; ion0ern es loate ltatt oellen elrt
5sia6riges Moratorium bepluigt
meroen.
9ie &e0e muroe Dor ben Mitglie~
Bern 0es Grecutipe Glub in Chicago
aebalten. Sooper betonte, Die Berei-
niqten .Staaten- miibten oen onoe-
rem Wotionen finan3iea belfen, aber
erfiigte aud bin5u, angemeliene Sl-
ferungen uno 8egren3ungen mrBten
ebenfoas feItgelegt meroen.
gr wies auf oie gr%fabrungen nod
Dem 1. 8eltfrieg fin, als man Sns
fel Sam ,,Nnfel Sbrlof" nannte;
err meinte Damn, man 1oue ltd) oles
sur @ebre nebnlen, oa ole 8irtl1nfts-
iage, oie moraliide nno gefibls-
maBiqe Situation ungefabr Die glel-
den ieien. 49,,
@eHer empfa9l Soooer 8orlidt
in ser llebernobme meiterer 5inan5-
biiroen, Big sic umiteaungss6ort-
idritte einmal florer e~rfennbar iino;
elm Stuoium Ser germogensmerte,
oie fremoen 2Gnoern oerfiig6pr iino,
ebe linen &reoite gemabrt iperoen;
@ustauI6 BON l1eberi6ilien 'nnter
N~ationen, pie unierer eigenen 8ei-
3eniiberidiiiie gegen 8ummi ooer
3inn; Darlebens- o0er &reoitgetpab-
rung in @aren, ,,uat Tin Der Bro-
button oieier @nren) 8eIfaftigung
fir unier eigeneS 8olf gu berbiir-
gen.; @eorganiiierung Ser interna~
tionalen 0ebensntittel- uno Brenn-
Ffoffmirtifoft; feline Suoten gegell
ltng, feline unteridie61ihen 3oae ge-
aen uns, fein @iiter : DUMPING ge-
gen urls, feline &arteaoperatiQnen ge-
Washington Journal., 1945-09-21
polen 3ieheu Reid
Ser heimat Dor
NepatriicrMno ren pclcn int Hcihsecbict, uht list
NoIcIblt ~ perrineert, bcocnncr, abcr rcit Ccrt Tolt
100000 in brit. 5cne tpelcn sic ntciitcn niRt rreer
bcifft 3

ais 100000 9oGen in, oieiem @e-
bet 5unGhIt, beim5ugeben.
Die auiierte @otitit mar OaraiF
dbgdItelt, iie btei6en gu laiien. unO
8ooo erfIGrte. oaB oiele Nolitit
oltd) 6eute nod 9elte. @r neGnle
o6er an, ieste er bin5u, OaB ole
meilten Golen in Ser amerifant.
l6en Gone nun I9re &epatriierung
af8eptieren miirOen.
Sic 8olen weroen auf Dem gabrt-
meg iIber Oie acknowledgements betnl-
beforoert uno 5par inter einem ab'
fommen, oas @ooO NIT Der
Groger &egieruug trai. Haf0enI
Sic NuIIen erfl1rt batten, auBer.
Itorroe All Iein, SransportmltteI fiir
lire Seimbeforoerung iiber Dit
0eutldluno bereit5uiteQen.
cSn Der 6ritiiden Gone Ie6en i'm.
mer nod na6e3u 100000 Solen,
uno meitere tauienoe beiinoen lih
in ser fran30iiiden Gone.
Die 8riten boben cine A6ltlm-
mltnq unter ibren 8olen in Die
@eqe qeleitet, I'm feit3ultelen, fpIe-
uiele BON i6nen beim8eben polen.
Die meiiten bon oenen. Die oil
lif ser Gur3on : 9inie (Oer 8elt'
oren3e oes @d6ietes, oas &uBlann
bon gorfriegg 8olen oerlonQtel
bebeimatet Iin0, ba6en lire @nt'
idloIienbeit befun0et, niemals lple'
Der beim3nfebren.
2ebte ISOLDE murOen bier Iunlf
8olen gum Iooe ~oerurteilt, unb
3uht6uusitrdfen BON 5llulhmer
$50 Sa6ren muroen ii6er me9re' g
Gasero anoere perbdngt, nof]oen'
tie ii6erfiibrt morOen paren, eln
oeutihes 8nuernOorf gebrarO'
idobt un0 Iieben @inmo6ner 9etD-
tet gu buben. (@in @toSfouer
&un0funf beiugte, Der polniihc
8remier Siubfoimoratplfi babe Der
l1rteile ruegen u8or6teaungen"
6eim britiiden 8otldufter erboben,
neil in Ser 8erbonolung feline pol
nildye &eftsbeboroen 3n9egen &C..
pelen uno Sic 4ngeflo9ten nldli
Dor einem polnilden @eridt pro-
a|eIIiert poroen ieien.)
Washington Journal., 1945-09-21
u2ni99e"
fir @ien

@ien (OgeM - General Mari
SO. @lorf, @ertreter Der 8ereinia-
ten Staaten in Der AQiierten Som
troafommiIIion Don Selterreih,
Die loeben 5rtiammengetreten lit ge-
bort 3u 0en itdn0ig padienoen 3abl
9ober omerifoniiher Offi5iere, Die
NUT sen &uiien 5uredtfommen 3u
fonnen glouben uno Dies fir Qar
feline beionoers gebeimnisooae ooer
i1mberige Aufgabe balten.
SSn einem erfluiipen Snteroiep
i'm Sauptquortier Der amerifani-
ifen Streitfr1fte er5dblte Sen.
Glarf oieiem &orrelponoentetl, er
lei iiber5eugt, BOB Die groBe 3abl
ifpieriger @robleme, nit Der Die
aaiierten &ommiliion iih gu BE-
idaftigen baben miiroe, IN bnrmo-
nilher @eiie geloit peroen fam,
nno ooB uniere ge5iebungen 81 Sen
Gomiets in Ser olterreidfi6en 6ra-
ge nuf freunoidaftlider un0 ourf-
aus fooperatiper guiis blei6en fon-
ne.
Gen @lnrf ifis3ierte cine &eibe
bot Regeln, Die mon i'm Serfebr
nit oen &llilen beod)ten ione. Gieie
3egeln, io9te er, leien aus leiren
@orperbanolungen nit ben Biib-
rem ser Moten Mrmee gema6ten @r-
fabrungen entltanoen uno ieien tilr
i'm grunolegeno I'M Sinrle Ser 4uf-
redterbaltllng gutter 8e5iebnngen
5tpiiden &ulien uno 4merifanern.
Gen. @lorfs 8egeln lin0:
@rltens: sci ltsts nblolut aufrid-
tig gegeniiber Sen Gulien. Sage ib-
men geraoeberaus un0 genau, no
on ite6it, mas ou m'alt, Do5u Oh
oeine 3uItimmung geben piait, uto
mas gu a6le6nlt. @s fiibrt 81
nifts, I'M cine Sa6e berum5ureoen'
Sic reipeftieren uns, Denn mir
uniere Meinung lagen.
3peitenS: @or aaem bebolte 0ei-
men Sim fir Sumor. Sefbit menn
mir nit Sen &uIien nidt elmer
Meinung iin0, broufen mir uns
nift auf5uregen. 8ir fonnen un-
lere Garten aud nit einem 2d6eln
nuf ben Eilh legen.
0rittens: 9erne tie geieaifaftlif
fenfren. Ell lieben groBe Sc
iealhoften - 6as beiBt oiel Gllen
uno Erinfen. Sic lie6en eg, tpenr
mon oiele 0inge nit ibnen gemein-
lam aenieBt. llno wenn man lte
geleaidaftld ndber fennen lernt
beainnt man lie gu ifaBen, Dle
freunoliH iie iino nno ME groB 1Dr
Sinn fir Sumor lit. geaf iolder
qeieaidoftlifen &ontaften lit mon
better oarauf porbereitet' Die 9e-
meiniamen barten Settle GIT fnofen'
Wiertens 6ot ihon @eneral gi-
ienbotper anlGBlid ieifres jiinQlter
8eluds bel General Glarf gelagt'
,,4nttporte linen iofort," Sc lhnel-
Ter uno 6irefter bir treittragen
an Ort uno gfdife lofei ffonneir,
umlo leidter miro cine gaiiS oes
ginperne5mens gu finosn iein.
Washington Journal., 1945-09-21
paml Hcrbiecr tptc>
Scr in Srcihctt

gsien. Saul @0r6iger lebt nn0
lit mieoer frei, 10 er5dblt elm Wlener
gerift. lleberall, MO er ii6 3eigt ut
er in geu BON aablreiden Mfenlhen
umge6en, sic i'm iubelno empfangen,
poll 6reltoe, i'm MULTIPLICATION Der
@eltopo %entronnen 81 ieben.
sd bin 10 leidt geriibrt", lagt
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-05-25

trained more than 100000 Americans
as officers and seamen to. man our
wartime merchant fleet.
These 100000 Americans who vol
unteered their service to their coun-
try are civilians and have no mill
tary status. But they have heroically
risked their lives just as much as
have our soldiers, sailors, marines
and coastguardsmen who have met
the enemy in mortal combat on
land, on sea and in the air. Despite
the fact that improvement in meth
DDS of protecting Allied conveys and
of CURLING the submarine menace
had greatly reduced the hazards of
sailing in 1874, the fact remains
that up to April. 1915, the merchant
marine has suffered 6,057 casualties
-5,522 dead and missing and 535
prisoners of war. And it is signifi-
cant too that the merchant marine
distinguished service medal, award
ed for outstanding acts of heroism
by merchant seamen, has been pre-
sented to more than 100 of these
merchant seamen for action after
September /, 1889.
All of which are reasons-though
there are many, many more
why all Americans should join in
honoring these valiant fighters for
freedom on National Maritime Day,
May %.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-05-25

have been built since the first de-
livery in February, 1914, and about
one-third of them are now trans
ports, combat vessels and other
military types.
Just as important, if not more so,
is the service of these vessels in
landing on the invasion beaches
the supplies which our fighting men
must have. For instance EVERY
soldier who landed on the beaches
of Normandy, Leyte and Two had
to have 8 to IL tons of equipment
land with him and in combat he
needs an additional tons of sup
plies each month. Without those sup
plies he would soon be as helpless
as he would be if deprived of his
Garand rifle or any other weapon.
incidentally, one of the breathtak-
ing innovations of this war was the
creation of artificial harbors on the
Normandy coast to permit unload
ing of troops and supplies for the
invasion of France. Thirty-two OBJ
solete or badly damaged vessels
were sunk to form breakwaters,
buttressed by concrete piers con-
structed especially for the purpose
in England ard towed across the
channel by tugs. One thousand mer-
chant seamen volunteered for the
task. The artificial harbors replaced
some Of the advantages Of the
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-05-25

But providing vessels for carrying
supplies was not Uncle Sans only
achievement as the No. l shipbuild-
er of the world. With 1900 cargo
ships under the war shipping admin
istration and the antisubmarine
campaign of the American and Brit
ish navy steadily cutting down the
loss of shipping by U-boat attack,
the neutrality-suspicious. was able
to turn its facilities more to con-
struction of military types of craft.
In the specialized island warfare
against the japanese the joint chiefs
of staff found need for new kinds of
vessels. So, with the cooperation of
the maritime commission, the
United States navy developed spe-
cial type of combat cargo and COM
bat transport ship for fighting in the
Pacific.
These types were built on the COM
missions Victory or C-type hulls.
The Victory ship, modern coun-
terpart of the Liberty, but turbine
propelled and so per cent faster than
the earlier model, has replaced the
Liberty construction in some yards.
More than $50 of the new models
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-05-25

and the tempo of the world in
creased so that it provided another
world war which called for another
international gathering within 26
years; came San Francisco, another
big Three. and the growing but
still the unknown tx" the power Of
the people.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-05-25
Long and Short of 1t
Proved Speakers Point

Mature" observed the lecturer
to his audience in the village hall,
always tries to make compensa-
ton for any deficiency in its struc-
ture. For instance, if man loses
the sight of an eye, the sight of
the other eye invariably becomes
stronger, just as when a person
goes deaf in one ear, the hearing
of the other ear becomes more
acute. And if an arm or a hand is
lost, the strength and skill of
the remaining member becomes
greater"
"That's certainly true" said
one young fellow to his neighbor,
"for I've noticed that when a per-
son has one short leg, the other is
always longer"
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-05-25

natural facilities destroyed by the
Germans and gave the Allies the
choice of landing beaches.
Such, in brief, is the story of
Uncle Sans achievement in provid-
ing the bridge of ships" over which
has passed and still is passing his
armed might to help win the final
victory over the forces of evil that
would enslave the world. But this
is only part of the story. Millions
of tons of ships may be built but
they are useless unless there are
men to sail them. How were these
men provided?
Every cargo vessel that comes
into service requires 40 to 60 men
for its crew. The War Shipping
administration, charged with train
ing and recruiting seamen, has ex-
banded the merchant marine cadet
corps for the training of ships Of
ficers, the maritime service for
training and upgrading seamen and
the recruitment and manning organ
ization for procurement of expert
enced seamen.
The training organization of VISA
trained and graduated 1890 men
for ships officers and trained or up
graded 76,400 seamen in 1914. The
recruitment and manning organiza-
ton, supplementing efforts of oper-
ating companies and maritime
unions to procure crews, recruited
10000 experienced seamen from
shore jobs in 1914. Since it's estab-
lishment in 1888 all branches of the
War Shipping administration (the
United States maritime service, the
merchant marine cadet corps, and
the state maritime academies) have
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-05-25

1t wasn't entirely western hospi-
tally, we found, when the taxi doors
flew open when we were ready to
get out-they were automatically
controlled by the driver. Perhaps
some of the fares had left too in
formally in the past.
All high in shortages was reached
when San Francisco restar rant
ran out of orange juice
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-05-25

Ready for sea-and ready to learn.
At the gates Of Sheepshead bay, the
worlds greatest merchant marine
training station, outgoing U. s. mari
time service trained apprentice sea-
men greet incoming class Of eager
enrollees. To man the greatest mer-
chant marine in history, the War
Shipping administration created un-
precedented facilities for training
inexperienced and upgrading expe-
rienced, men.-(War Shipping Ad-
ADMINISTRATION photo
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-05-25

Some of e foreign delegates to
the San Francisco conference
thought they had got into the wrong
pew. Looking at all the moving pic
ture cameras around the place, they
thought they were in Hollywood.
The weather was SO fine for most
of the conference that the natives
almost lost that important word 'fun-
usual from their vocabularies.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-05-25

For it was they, the Seamen
of our peacetime merchant ma
rine, augmented by more than
100000 landlubbers - former
grocery clerks, shoe statesmen,
Office clerks, truck drivers, etc.
- who VOLUNTEERED for
duty with the United States mar
thine service, manned more
than 1900 ships in our Victory
Fleet, and as partners in every
invasion and source of supply
for every attack" they deliv-
cred the supplies for 10,O00,00O
men overseas which made those
invasions and attacks possible.
That is why National Maritime
Day has special meaning this year
and why all Americans will be proud
to heed the proclamation of the
President of the United States, dis
play their flags on May % and with
special programs honor the war
cargo-carrying seamen of our mer-
chant marine.
When the Japs made their sneak
attack at Pearl Harbor and imme-
diately afterwards Germany de-
clared war on the United States, the
Berlin-Tokyo Axis felt reasonably
certain that they could win the
war before Uncle Sam could muster
his full strength to save England and
Russia from defeat, much less go
over to the offensive from the de-
fensive. To make the weight Of his
armed might felt, Uncle Sam must
have ships, more ships and still
more ships in order to transport his
fighting men to the battle fronts.
Never did the enemy dream that
Uncle Sam could raise his cargo
tonnage from 100000 lightweight
tons to 100000 tons in three years
nor train the men to sail this giant
fleet. Never did they dream that he
could ship war materials at the
rate of 5000 tons an hour, "a hours a
day, 1865 days year. And yet that
is exactly what Uncle Sam has done
Uncle Sam and his sons in the
merchant marine. Here, in brief, is
how the giant task was accom-
pliShed:
The merchant marine act, Great
ing the maritime commission, was
passed by congress in 1886 when the
threat of war in Europe was "a
cloud on the horizon, no larger than
a mans hand" In 1899 the first
of a modern fleet of cargo ships
was delivered, and when 1910 ended
46 of these were at work, delivering
the lend-lease shipments which were
helping keep our future Allies in the
fight.
By the time of Pearl Harbor so
more had been added and shortly
afterward the first Liberty ship
was delivered for war service. Early
the next year the President directed
the commission to build 100000
lightweight tons during 1912. That
goal was exceeded. Then the accel-
GRAFTON of shipbuilding really began.
Sixteen million tons was the mark
set for 1913. More than $4,000, ZOO
tons were delivered. By the time we
were back in the Philippines more
than 1000 cargo ships built in the
wartime period in United States
shipyards were at work for the
United Nations.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-05-25
BY ELMO SCOTT WATSON

DOR the last u years have celebrated National
Day annually % but before has the had
than has this With Germany conquered and
the United Nations ready Japan the Knockout punch
the dawn Of not far ahead And when the final
history World War II is written high the list of those
contributed victory will be written the
of the United States merchant marine.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-05-25
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