davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-03-27
Allied Army Moves
By Maj. George Fieldinp Eliot

The developments of the last 48 hours
on the western front begin to suggest
most interesting strategic pattern.
1t is too early to be certain. There
fore the following is offered purely as
an hypothesis, which fits most of the
facts as we now know them, but may
not fit facts yet to be disclosed.
The Allied Armies of the west, under
the command of General of the Army
Dwight D. Eisenhower, rolled up to the
Rhine in general offensive developing
from left to right. Their initial mission
was stated as the destruction of all the
German forces west of the Rhine.
In this they were only partially sue
ceSsful on the northern half of the
front, but they were almost wholly
successful on the southern half. That
is, the German 1st Paratroop, 5th
Panzer and 18th Armies withdrew that
part of their strength which was west
of the Rhine and took up their stand
behind the river; but farther south the
German 1st and 7th Armies were
virtually destroyed, leaving vast gap
in the German defenses.
The next task of Gen. Eisenhower
was to get across the Rhine and get at
the German armies on the far side.
1t was generally supposed that this
would be accomplished by a major
crossing north of the Ruhr, to be car
ried out by Field Marshal Sir Bernard
L. Montgomery's 21st Army Group, with
the object of breaking into the North
German Plain, and there destroying
the German 1st Paratroop Army in a
great battle. tremendous amount of
buildup was given this operation. and
the German radio has been talking
about it for weeks.
~ X
In addition to this, Gen. Eisenhowers
offensive plans have been further aided
by the gaining of a bridgehead across
the Rhine south of Cologne by the
American 1st Army, which with the Sd
and 18th Armies forms the 18th Army
Group of Gen. Omar Bradley. There
has been some inclination to believe
that the 1st Army's task was to drive
northward against the southern flank
Of the Ruhr industrial area. In fact,
the 1st Army did push up to the Sieg
River on front of about 10 miles.
But now, suddenly, the main force Of
the LIST Army appears to be driving east
and has gained "a miles from the
Rhine.
What is more, on the right flank Of
the 1st, the United States Sd Army is
well across the Rhine and racing up the
valley Of the Main. It's advanced
armored units have reached the vicinity
Of Frankfurt-Ammain and are in Hanau
and Aschaffenberg. with at least one
bridge over the Main taken intact. An
unconflrmed report puts one armored
combat team as far east as Wurzburg.
in Bavaria.
Evening star., 1945-03-27
The Germans in ItoIy

The authoritative report that Field
Marshal Kesselring has replaced
Field Marshal Won Rundstedt on the
western front serves to renew specu-
lation over the situation in Northern
Italy. Some time ago Prime Minister
Churchill suggested that the enemy
might try to withdraw his large
forces from the Pc Valley area into
Southern Germany, but apparently
no such movement has yet been
started American and British COM
manders have long been puzzled by
this. They have been unable to see
any military value in the Nazi deci-
sion to hold on, and they can explain
it only on the ground that Hitler
insisted on it for prestige purposes
or to keep grip on the limited arms
production of the Italian cities in
the north. Strategically the region
has ceased to have meaning as far
as saving the Reich is concerned,
and the general belief in Allied
quarters is that the NaziS would be
better of behind the Alps in Austria.
Perhaps the shift of Kesselring-
who has made excellent defensive
use Of Italy's cruel terrain but who
certainly can do nothing to stop us
in the west-foreshadows such a
withdrawal. But whether or not this
takes place-and our bombing of
railways and roads should make it
extremely difflcult-a solution is still
needed to the mystery of why it was
not ordered long ago. After the war
we shall probably have the answer.
Meanwhile. 1t may be said that the
Germans seem to have helped us
more than themselvs when they
invested Is or 26 divisions in this
theater at time when they might
have been able to use them to much
greater advantage against our
armies in France.
Evening star., 1945-03-27
Stephen T. EurIy

1t Is high compliment to Stephen
T. Early that after twelve years in
one of the toughest jobs in the ad-
ministration his leave taking lis
matter of regret to the newspaper
men with whom and for whom he
has fought so many strenuous
battles. They will miss him. They
will miss his always human exhibi-
tions of an explosive temper, his
equally human demonstrations of
solicitous sympathy and his always
strict regard for fair play. He dealt
with a curiously sensitive and in
telligent group of men at the White
House and he had a knack in han
ding their complaints, their requests
and their undoubted whimsicalities.
1t was knack born of his own thor
ough understanding of their craft,
for Steve was crackerjack news
paperman himself who knew as
much about the quirks of their call
ing as any of the reporters. Perhaps
one secret of his successful relations
with them and his survival in a post
that would long since have meant
the downfall of a weaker man was
that Steve never tried to make a
virtue of patience. He took things
as they came, rising with equal facil-
lty to an occasion that demanded
wrath and one which called for
understanding tact. No President
ever had more loyal servant, but
the newspapermen at the White
House never had a more helpful
friend. He demonstrated, at Yalta,
the same ability to apply professional
knowledge and common sense to the
handling of great international news
that he had shown for SO many years
as liaison man between the President
and the reporters here at home, and
had Steve been along on some of the
Presidents earlier missions there
would have been less cause for regret
over embarrassing bungles in press
relations. Wherever he goes, after
Evening star., 1945-03-27

troll OF one house, as a result of
prior election. This split in party con-
troll has occurred many times in the
history Of the United States-indeed
in nearly 80 different Congresses out
OF total of 79. When it occurs, the
Government Is more or less hamstrung.
This country is on the threshold of
important events, particularly in the
field Of foreign affairs, but by no means
exclusively So Suppose, as might hap
pen, either the House of the Senate, or
both, should fall under Republican con-
troll in the elections next year. The
situation for the American people, with
their Government thus divided, would
be pathetic, with Mr.. Roosevelt and the
Republican leaders in Congress work.
ing at cross purposes. Should the issue
become grave enough, and a general
election could be forced, the situation
might be cured
Members Of Congress have been more
and more aroused-and this goes for
Democrats as well as Republicans-over
the fact that the Executive with its
present vast powers, is either disre-
garding the intent of Congress in ad-
ministering the laws or is actually as
suming to write the law through execu-
tive orders and myriad regulations. They
resent this bitterly. They point out that
when the Constitution was written it
was with clear intent that the Execu-
tive should not have kingly powers, and
the Legislative should be strong. De-
velopment over the years, however, has
70 ,1f
greater powers than monarchs have
held in other countries, certainly far
greater than the King of England holds
today.
The Fulbright plan to give a joint
cabinet the authority to dissolve Con-
gress and force general election would
require a constitutional amendment
Senator Ball of Minnesota, Republican
who has sympathy for the proposal, is
OF the opinion it would be well to hold
another Constitutional Convention gen.
orally to bring the Constitution up tc
date"
Evening star., 1945-03-27
Return

Passing again through haunts Of yes
terday,
reach the riuer, yet as 1t ,pas then,
Floi0ing upon its ,DilloiU- -bordered way,
Wanderer of the marshland and the
fen.
find the old path on its bank, and fall
into q SlolDer stride to match the fotu
OF sun-,0armed ripples in a droaoSy
crdtDl
Past all the landmarks that I used to
kno1D.
All else is c1tanged--but here the t,oeed
clad dreams
Are as they eper tDere, and seemed to
DRIFT
Upon the current where are spanked
the reGntS
OF memories iohich siepes OF thought
reSift,
And / drink matters uhich no ripers
kno1D,--
Thirst-quenching draughts from springs
too deep to foiD.
EDWARD D. GARNER.
Evening star., 1945-03-27

ing Austria could use effectively for
supplies.
The sudden and somewhat unexpected
Russian offensive toward Vienna causes
the diplomats to fear that the Russians
have decided to act before, the Ameri-
cans and British can reach Austria.
Should the Red Armies enter Vienna
and occupy 1t while their associates in
the west and in Italy have not yet
completed their mission, it is probable
that the entire control over Austria
Will be assumed by the invading force
and the other Allies may have to be
satisfied with nominal representation,
as has been the case In Bulgaria Ro-
mania, Hungary and Yugoslavia. In
those four nations the Red Armies are
in complete control, while the American
and British military and diplomatic
missions are mere flgureheads without
authority or power to decide on any
matter
Should Austria come under Russian
occupation before April 25-and there
is good chance that 1t may-there will
be an additional problem to be ironed
out at San Francisco.
To the military men, who are not
concerned with the diplomatic side OF
the war and aim only at the destruc-
tion OF the enemy forces, the Russian
offensive is considered as well-planned
and useful move. Around Lake Balaton,
where the Germans and Russians have
been fighting for several months, there
are the remaining oil wells from which
the Germans can draw a small supply
Of crude oil.
Moreover, the defeat of the Nazi
forces IN Austria will be another body
blow at the Germans and also will de-
prive the enemy leaders of an impor-
tant area where they might hope to
fight guerrilla war.
To destroy this last prospective
stronghold Of the Nazis probably would
entail heavy losses for the Allies. It is
from this point Of view that the mill
tary men are judging the Russian drive
on Austria. They admit that while it
may create some additional headaches
for the diplomats and the politicians
who drafted the various agreements
and compromises at Moscow, Teheran
ard Yalta, there is no question that the
Russian offensive will save many Amer
tcan and British lives.
Evening star., 1945-03-27
The Eyes of Texas
From the st. Louis star-Times.

From the st. Louis Star-Times.
The fierce state loyalty Of the average
Texan is something to admire, but the
burdens of citizenship in that big and
wonderful commonwealth must be heavy
at times. Honor SO proudly worn must
be constantly defended.
Currently the state is wrought up over
an insult from Hollywood. A man wrote
book about Texas. but the movie
people are filming it in Arizona. The
title is Duel in the Sum- and Texas
complaint is that any depletion of
Arizona sun as comparable to that of
the Lone Star State is fraud. A legis-
lator has solemnly proposed that the
picture be banned from Texas theaters.
Such things make one wonder some
times if the eyes of Texas aren't about
ready for fitting with bifocals.
Evening star., 1945-03-27

Here is the hypothesis: Is it possible
that what we are now seeing is a major
break-through of the German center,
with the 21st Army Group making a
frontal attack against the German
troops concentrated on the German
right wing, and with the 18th Army
Group pivoting on its left Tin the area
OF Bonn, the 1st Army swinging east
and then north, and with the hard
driving Sd Army out on the wheeling
flank.
1t will be recalled that Gen. Eisen-
hover said of 1t Gen. Patton. COM
manding the 3rd Army: His place in
an offensive is on the moving flank -
Eisenhower has put Patton there twice,
in both cases with complete success
In Sicily and in the breakout from the
Normandy beachhead Has he put him
there again?
In that case, it would seem likely that
the bulk of the 3rd Army will cross the
Main between Frankfurt and Aschaffen-
burg and swing north and northeast
directed initially upon KaSsel. In this
conception the 18th Army group as a
whole forms great hook, swinging
round upon the rear of the German
armies now engaged frontally with the
21st Army group along the Rhine The
purpose is the capture or destruction of
all the German armies of the north
those OF the army groups of Blaskowitz
ard Model
This would be typical Eisenhower
conception. It is like Tunisia, where
Eisenhower attracted the German
strength to the left and then broke
through the center
81
1t may be argued that the advance to
Wurzburg does not indicate a 3rd Army
turn to the north. But if the bulk of the
3rd Army is indeed going north, a
thrust to Wurzburg by its most ad-
vanced elements would be necessary
to protect its flank until the 7th Army
can push ahead to take over flank pro-
lection. It would be probable, if this
hypothesis is anywhere near right that
the 9Th Army Group (the 7th Army and
the French have the mission of dealing
with the German 10Th Army on the
Upper Rhine and eventually giving pro-
lection to the flank of the Sd, but in the
meanwhile the 3rd must look after Its
own exposed flank.
Also, there Is q variant OF this hypo-
thesis which is entirely conceivable. Ir
this variant the 1st Army, perhaps
eventually supported by the 18th, woule
do the northward hook behind the
Germans, while 1t might be the tasl
Of the 3rd Army to drive right across
Bavaria and seal on the approache.
to the German inner fortress" SO tina,
the German troops could not retire inte
this mountain region for = last stand
as they are reported intending to do
(Copyright, 194E.l
Evening star., 1945-03-27

subordinate towhat is being planned
along the Oder line. This would be
the offensive designed to engulf
Berlin and sweep deep into Northern
and Central Germany for juncture
with our Allied armies advancing
eastward from the Rhine. It may
come at any moment, and when it
does the Nazis should feel squeezed
to the point of extinction.
Evening star., 1945-03-27
'Pretentious Poppyeock'

For some Time now we nave Deen
hearing great deal of talk about
the psychology" of the returning
veteran. We have been told that he
may have a tendency to be trigger
happy" that his sense of values will
have been warped" by his expert
enceS, that he will be shot through
with any number of war psychoses," "
and that mothers, fathers, sisters,
brothers, friends and the home front
as whole ought to prepare at once
to handle him most delicately, lest
he explode in their faces.
The experts" the amateur psy-
biologists and the plain ordinary
Nervous Nellies responsible for this
chatter give the impression that we
are going to have millions of psy-
chiatric servicemen on our hands
and that we shall be wise to realize
now that the problem will be ter
ribly aggravated unless we employ
special techniqueS in welcoming
them back and unless steps are
taken to meet their alleged ode
mands" for better music, better
movies, better stage plays, better
radio programs, better foods. better
clothes and better this, that and the
other thing ad infinitum.
There has been so much of this
nonsense in circulation that pos
sibly good part of the American
public is beginning to believe it, with
the result that many a mother and
father may feel that they will have
to play the role of DR.. Freud when
Johnny comes marching home. But
let thVn be reassured. AS has just
been pointed out in Columbia Uni
versity report, what they have been
hearing has been based on nothing
more solid than 'remote-control pSy-
choanalysiS' in which a lot of
"pretentious poppycock" has been
dreamed up about what has been
happening to our fighting men.
Unquestionably, especially among
those naturally susceptible to psy-
Geological strain and among those
who have lived through the wars
worst battles, there will be more
than few tragic cases of nerve
shattered veterans. But it is ridicu-
lous and mischievous to suggest that
millions of our servicemen will re-
turn full of abnormalitieS. The
average man in the ranks might wel}
regard such a view as a personal
insult, but apparently, according to
the Associated Press, he merely de-
scribes it as "hot air and applesauce"
and laughs it off as another of the
many soft-headed misconceptions of
his makeup
AS indicated in a survey by Stars
and Stripes, the Army newspaper,
American soldiers. when they get
home. will want to- do such perfectly
nonpsychotic things as return to
school, get job or marry and settle
down. They have matured during
the war and their viewpoints prob
ably have changed as regards many
problems, but they are as normal as
ever. Talk to the contrary by anna
teur psychologists is getting to be
not merely tiresome but insufferably
silly.
Evening star., 1945-03-27
Troop Comforts
From the Montreal Star.

Once British servicemen in the Far
East discover that the charms of native
entertainers are much overrated in
tourist pamphlets they find life pretty
drab So the British Admiralty Is re-
fitting three large merchantmen as
floating amusement parks In the Philip
pines miniature feet Of huge power
barges with refrigeration units stands
by in Lingayen Cult assuring MacAr-
thurs men Of all the ice cream and
fresh vegetables they want.
Right about now sergeant majors of
Great War vintage should be getting red
in the face and deciding to wax eloquent
In indignant letters Of protest.
Evening star., 1945-03-27

finally completing his service at the
White House, he will carry with him
the affectionate respect of his
friends, the hard -to-please but un-
usually discriminating gentlemen of
the press
Evening star., 1945-03-27
On Japanese Psychology

To the Editor of The Star:
The article which you published March
Is about the Emperor of Japan, by K. K.
Kawakimi. is of far more than news
value" or information. 1t is a study OF
Japanese psychology by man who,
being one of the Oldest Japanese "liber-
ais" always opposed to army usurpation
of the authority of the throne, could
be of high value to the men directing
our present campaign and future policy
across the Pacific. hope that the
President himself will have time to
read it. No one in the United States
has had longer or more intimate con-
tact with the highest officials Of the
japanese government than Mr.. Kawa-
kimi. On one occasion the present min
lister of the imperial household COM
mended this Japanese in America to me
as man of exceptional understanding
FREDERICK MOORE.
Evening star., 1945-03-27

Remember Peter Rabbit? The Brit
ish people, anyway, ought never to
forget him. Royalties paid on twenty
books about him, written by Beatrix
Potter, made it possible for her to
buy 1000 acres of the beautiful lake
land country of England which she
now has left to the public as a park.
Evening star., 1945-03-27

A Texas oil magnate gave away
two million dollars. remarking, "It's
just as easy to give away two million
as two bits" Correct, If one happens
to have either sum lying idle.
Evening star., 1945-03-27
His Honor a Secessionist?

His Honor a Secessionist?
To the Editor of The Star:
Now that the Little Flower (genus
datura Stramonium) has proclaimed
his independence of the United States,
we may soon expect to hear the rumble
of guns on the Battery firing on Fort
Jay, Governors Island. heralding the
secession of New York City from the
Union. w. T. JESSUP,
1t, u. S. N r.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-23

PEARS came 10 my eyes that morn
ing in September OF 1914 when
U watched % American bOmbcrs
swoop low over Cagayan ON Mindanao
and drop their missiles of destruction
on my church and college
Strange though II may seem for
me as "a Catholic priest 10 say thos.
tears were not OF sorrow but OF JOY
For those big war birds were thc
harb.nsc-s Of liberation for the Fill.
pinoS whom / had learned 10 love
Mingled with my JOY was forEiv
able PRIDE Pride in American might
and in the knowledge that l had
helped guide those bOubcrS over tho
targets in Cagayan. even though the
targets We're my church and school
Circumstances made me a partiCi
pant in that particular incident Of the
war. When the IapS came. / took ~
the hills and established my head
quarters near Cagayan
! had "A hideout In a canyon, be
tween two small Jap airports, where
from its ridges ! could rcconnoitcr
the City through a surveyors transit
the only SpyglasS l could get.
OF course. everything appeared
upside down looking through il. bur
il magnificd some and helped me -
see what was going on within CaEl.
yam and the two airfioldS
But / didn't depend on the transit
alone \ former student Of mine b"
came a cook I'M the Japanese head
quarters which they had established
IN the AtcueO de Cagayan, the school
of which | had been rector prior 10
the Invasion This student had
brought Us the information that the
Japs had desecrated my church. the
Cathedral of St Augustin, by storing
ammunition within ii.
IL wasn't hard for me TO make a
decision in this matter / promptly
relayed the Information 10 an Amerl-
can intelligence officer and ne sent
il by a secret radio station TO General
Macarthur resulting some time later
in this big raid
When Col Wendell Fertig, for.
mer mining engineer in the Philip
pines, was designated by Gen. Mac.
Arthur TO handle the guerrilla activ-
ties on Mindanao, ! took the Job or
helping to unite the various guerrliiI
units who until then acted indepen
IDENTIFY and caused confusion.
Because of this activity / soon -.
1H IAa-
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-23

i ne next morn
ing l had just fin.
ished saying Ma ss
when A m erican
pl a n e 5 appeared
and began 10 dive
on Cagayan. Terri
fic explosions took
place. I h at was
the alta ck that
broug h [ tearso To
my eyes.
The Filipinos
cried in jubilation
with me. After the
bombings l walked
S @ V g T a | miles
through the hiffs 70
the other side OF
Cagayan TO get a
better view of the
result The cathe.
dral, hit squarely
had exploded. The
school still stood
But the Amer
leans ed
again and again.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-23
When +he JoPs Come
TO Mindanao the He
roie Priest Organized
Resistance in fhe Hills
and Maintained II Un-
I'll Macarthur Returned

ing the bill for two of our best spies
One of our submarines brought
us secretly among other things our
first artillery piece, an 81-mm.
trench mortar Some of our officer.
itching to try II oHt, placed the
mortar near my canyon and aimee
il at one of the airportS with fiv-
planes on IT.
/ stood on the ridge watchin-
the airport with my surveyor
transit when the mortar was fire
and three planes blew up. Tn
Japs spotted us at once Their tw3
undamaged planes took off imma
diately and began strafing along The
canyon. We escaped
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-23

and the college was knocked to ruins
There were no regrets Only the stu.
dents would recall at times certain,
spots which they had built with their
own hands and now were no more
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-23
By REV. JAMES EDWARD
HAGGERIN. =. J.

Military Delegate To BorneO. the
Philippine and Japanese Islands;
Author Of the Forthcoming Book.
The Guerrilla Padre"
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-23
Returning t o

the camp several days later, Manuel
was COurt.martialed PceVcd al what
he thought was injustice he went
over 10 the Jdps. He became an or
cheStra leader in Japanese night
club AT Cagayan. But ne never be
trayed any OF our secrets.
An amusing instance proved the
loyalty Of the Filipinos one morning
two boys came 10 me They looked
around furtively and whispered.
Padre. We have secret 10 tell
you. We are japanese spies"
| Immediately took them TO our
intelligence officer who first ques.
toned them about the Japanese and
then instructed them what TO tell the
Nips. When ne offered them pay for
their services, they refused indig.
nantly saying that they were being
paid by the Japanese.
From then on the JapS were foot
Father Ilaggcrty I'm His Campaign
Outfit and the Smart Pre- War Band
Of His College at Cagayan. All of
Whose Members Became IOyal
Fighters for the Cause Of Liberation