davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Member of the Associated Press.
Day of Dedication

The services of prayer to which
President Truman has summoned
the American people today are not
merely occasions for returning
thanks for the help of God" in the
winning of the war against the Axis.
Instead, they are-and definitely
must be-rites of conservation. The
accredited spokesman of the Nation
declares: I'VE have now dedicated
ourselves to follow in His ways to a
lasting and just peace and to a
better world"
Implicit in those words is a COM
mitment of the whole American
community. The President does not
refer exclusively to the Government
which he heads, the Congress, the
Army and the Navy of the United
States. He pledges his fellow
citizens-all of them, without ex-
ception-to the proposition that
they shall deserve the victory which
they have won in terms of living
for it as their sons and daughters
toiled, suffered and died for it.
Mr.. Truman has ample precedent
for making such a promise Abra-
ham Lincoln set him an example at
Gettysburg, November 10, 1868, when
he rededicated his countrymen to
"a new birth of freedom" The
sacrifices of the American people
generation after generation for
more than a century and a half in
variably have been to the same
end-the development of a civiliza-
ton of which God should not be
ashamed.
The current effort in that direc-
ton has been undertaken in asso-
citation with other nations similarly
motivated. 1t contemplates the
eventual inclusion of every COM
nunity of the earth, and it en-
braces not simply absence of war,
but the elimination of the funda-
mental causes of armed conflict. In
other language, it seeks the fulfill
-ment of the ideals of the Sermon
on the Mount.
And if that be not the goal day
by day in the years that lie ahead
there is no hope. Man now knows
how to murder himself by mathe
mates. He also understands how
to save himself by faith and devo-
ton, by loyalty and tolerance, by
fellowship and mercy. President
Truman, in the name of America,
makes the only feasible choice.
Now is the hour not merely for being
thankful, but most particularly for
being hallowed of heart and mind.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19

rivals once gets fairly under way, a
general mixup is almost certain.
The best way to stop such a clash
before 1t really starts would seem
to be joint restraining action by
both Washington and Moscow. We
do not know what arrangements,
il any, have been negotiated be-
tween the Chungking mission to
Moscow and the Soviet government.
But We can be reasonably sure that
the Sian regime would not defy rep
reservations from Moscow, while
American influence on Chungking
is strong. A "standstill" arrange
ment during the liquidation of Jap
anese control in China would seem
to be imperatively called for.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Crisis Within Chino

The collapse of japanese rule over
extensive Chinese areas intensifies
the crisis between the Kuomintang
government at Chungking and the
rival Communist regime centering at
Sian. So chronic and embittered is
the quarrel between the rivals that
timely action on the part of ChinaS
Allies would seem to be the only
means of avoiding large-scale civil
war, with all it's tragic consequences
for the Chinese people themselves
and for the general postwar settle
ment of the entire Far East as we'll
That both Chungking and Sian
should have moved promptly and
aggressively was inevitable, for the
contingent prizes are enormous And
1t is interesting to note that the
richest prizes are geographically
closer to Sian than to Chungking.
This is because the whole of North
eastern China, broad belt of terri
tory connecting with Manchuria and
stretching laterally from the sea to
the bend of the Yellow River and
reaching southwark to the lower and
middle Yangtse River, has been
almost wholly under effective Japa-
nese rule for the past five years.
This territorial block is the richest
and most developed part of China,
including the great cities of Peiping,
Marking, Hankow and Shanghai,
connected by an excellent network
of railways and highroads. 1t has
been the seat of the Japanese in
spired "puppet" regime with it's army
of at least 10000, armed with Japa-
nese equipment on a lavish scale.
In addition, there is the even greater
/ store of equipment of the surren-
i dered Japanese occupying armies,
with their reserve depots and NUM-
lions plants. Obviously, the Chinese
faction which gets control of the
! greater portion of those enormous
war stores and gains the allegiance
! of the puppet armies will have a
: decisive advantage over its rival.
: A glance at the map will show that
: the Communist sphere runs roughly
west of the Yellow River, and short
I advance eastward would give the
Communists control of the main
shorth-south railway network with
sits lateral branches leading to the
coast at several points, notably to
{ Shanghai at the mouth of the
I Yangtse. This explains why Chung
liking peremptorily ordered the Com
smunists to halt such advances, and
why Sian has defiantly rejected this
acommand. If the race between the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19

NHuptuTt, OitILcu oLuLeS oeHuLe, ~
Flashing around this torn and tor
tured world is the great glad tidings
for which anguished hearts have
eagerly waited-Victory! The VIC
tory symbolized for threatened or
enslaved multitudes by two fingers
held high, shaped as v. That con-
quering sign has spelled Victory in
darkest days, across all barriers and
in all languages. That victory for
which free men have agonized
through CHASTITY years of blood and
sweat and tears is here-the victory
for which valiant young knights by
the millions have dared the skies and
seas, stormed the beaches and gal
lantly marched into the jaws of
death.
At awful cost, it is victory both
total and complete. The irresistible
might of Allied arms has forced the
unconditional surrender of the bar
barous powers of darkness whose
symbols were twisted cross and c
rising sun.
1t is over, Over There, across both
the Atlantic and the Pacific, and the
embattled youth - those for whom
blue stars have not changed to gold
are coming home.
OF course, the first ecstatic note is
jubilation. Dated today seem the
words of the ancient prophet to those
who boosted that they were safely
barricaded behind lie: Your cove
nant with death shall be annulled,
your agreement with hell shall not
stand, your refuge of lies shall be
swept away-you shall be trodden
down. The mouth of the Lord hath
spoken it,
More people, under all skies, will
rejoice at the carrying out of that
righteous sentence than ever before
have found their cup of grateful Joy
so filled to the brim since the morn
ing stars sang together and all the
sons of God clapped their hands for
JOY.
But after jubilation another mood
must capture our hearts, If this is in
deed to be the victory. 1t Is contri-
ton. For not by our own merit and
strength have we gotten us the VIC
tory. To thy knees, o Israel! For
Gods is the kingdom and the power
and the glory.
Victory is holy and solemn hour
In which to PROSTATE ourselves in the
dust of our own unworthiness and
bow meekly at the altar of confess
sion.
This is the victory-that we be CIV
en- the grace of penitence. For we
have missed the shining mark. We
have denied and betrayed the very
principles we profess. We have played
Judas to democracy. Our ragged
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Capital Sidelights
By Will p. Kennedy.

DuIlIR tIe pTlnt paper IdtlOIllIR
there has been much discussion in the
Capitol cloakrooms regarding the early
history of wood pulp manufacture.
From that discussion these facts are
cleaned: The first paper mill in Amer
lea was erected in 1890 near Phila-
delphia by William Bradford and asso-
ciates, including a Dutch papermaker
named William Rittinghuysen (Ameri-
canized as Rittenhouse). In 1855 the
first pulp engine was imported from
Holland, Representative Matthew Lyon
of Vermont, the man whose single vote
elected Jefferson. made pulp paper in
1874, from bark OF the Eastwood tree,
for his own presses-'the first establish
ment in the United States to attempt to
make use of anything but rags in the
making of paper pulp" Thomas Gilpin
in 1917 set up the first cylinder machine
for making paper in his mill on Brandy
wine Creek
Wooster g. Holmes of Ohio manufac-
tured, in 1880. paper made from wood
shavings and a single edition of the
Crawford Messenger was printed on it..
The Boston Journal, on January ID,
paper. The last handmade paper plant
was operated in Adams. Mass, until
1906. Manufacture of straw paper, with
about fifth of the pulp composed of
rope and bagging, was started in 1880,
in Columbia County. N. Y. A wood
pulp paper mill was built at Appleton,
Wis, in 1883
The honor of making the initial run of
paper from wood pulp as successful
commercial venture, on March 10. 1867,
goes to wellington Smith, ST., for 40
years the active head of the Smith
Paper Co.. Lee, Mass in the Berkshire
district now represented by Represent
alive John w. Heselton. This company
was founded by Elizur Smith at Tyring-
ham. Mass, in 1885, under the name
Palmer e. Smith, with Cyrus w. Field
: who later instigated the laying of the
first Atlantic cable, as partner Lees
surrender to Grant, in the Civil War,
was written on Platner & Smiths
water-marked paper.
In 1885 George W. Platner died and
Elizur Smith bought out his interest
Ten years later he took his nephews,
Wellington Smith and De Witt Sheldon
Smith, into partnership and changed
the name to the Smith Paper Co. In
terested House members have heard the
story of this great American industry
from Elizur Yale Smith, historian of the
Federal Hall Memorial Museum, and
executive secretary of the Bill of Rights
Commemorative Society-who heard it
directly from his father, wellington
Smith and the late Frederick Wurtz-
bach, who was brought from Germany to
perfect the process of making the pulp.
Wellington Smith had first been inter-
ested in the possibilities of making paper
from wood by Prof Paul Ansel Chad
bourne. professor of chemistry at VIII
nams College, and later its president.
Two famous journalists were among
the first to try out the Smith product
James Gordon Bennett, owner of the
New York Herald, and Samuel Bowles,
owner and editor of the Springfield
(Mass) Republican. When it was DEM
onstrated how successful was the new
process, the Smiths purchased from
Theodore Roosevelt in 1876 the plant of
the Lenox Plate Glass Co. and made it
their pulp mill, naming it the Centen-
NAL Mill.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19

lister, Foundry MethodtSt Chnrch.
pride and our senseless prejudice
have been megaphones through
which we thanked God that we are
not as others.
If we are to survive our own tri-
umph. here is Gods recipe for en-
during peace: IF my people shall
humble themselves and pray, and
seek my face and turn from their
wicked ways, then will hear and
will forgive their sins and will heal
their land"
Then out of contrition must spring
dedication which will answer the
one vital question: What shall we as
victors do with this victory? What
of the future for the United Nations.
for the defeated nations with their
warped minds, and for the uprooted
multitudes cropping blindly across old
divisions and frontiers, feeling their
way in the dark with two fingers in
the air? What is the victory to
mean?
~
Victory brings us not to Utopia's
golden goal. but to the crossroads Of
destiny and to Cross Of vicarious
sacrifice. We must choose now, for
ourselves and our civilization, life or
death the blessing or the curse. Only
moral and spiritual resources now
can save us from national and global
suicide.
If we go on with conscience split
from science and morals split from
knowledge, then the split atom in the
hands of goddess men may yet blow
our world to bits.
We must take sides with that
which is morally excellent rather than
with that which is politically ex-
pedient. When great ideas whose
hour has struck beckon us to be their
servant we must give ourselves not
to the dead past but to the living
future, when in the shared plenty of
the good earth social and industrial
relations shall lose their hard an
tagonisms and become the hallowed
cooperation of comrades for the
veal of all. For if this really is the
victory, it must prove itself at last
to have been victory not only for the
united and overrun nations, but for
all the peoples of the earth.
So may it be fulfilled that this is
the victory that overcomes not just
81 the japanese and the Germans, but
overcomes the world, even our faith
in the vision splendid for which brave
men have died.
Thus may we bear our full part in
freedoms GROWING hour that we
may tell our children's children, who
will live in the light of the new day
that we shall not see at its zenith:
Il saw the powers of darkness put to
flight! I saw the morning break"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Little Minnesinoer

Mr.. Webster hardly does justice
to the most popular of all insect
musicians when he tersely says of
the black cricket: ANY of the sal
tatorial orthopterous insects noted
for the chirping notes produced by
the males by rubbing together spe-
cially modified parts of the fore
wings" Down through the years
the little minnesingers have been
associated with human experiences.
AS merry as a cricket" is a ira
ditional standard, and undoubtedly
the cricket's optimistic fiddling has
mingled many times with the Joy
BUSINESS of outdoor dancers and
merrymakers.
One of the pleasant aspects of
Gryllidae's all-around personality
is that he fits with our moods. His
music plays the range of human ex-
periences. The cricket's "plaintive
cry is a favorite of the poets. In
the late autumn, when the cycle of
fruition has passed and plants are
sere and dying, a single cricket on
the hearth has all the utter loneli-
ness and f1nality of the closing
season.
He is sturdy, self sufficient little
fellow in his patent-leather, shining
outfit. He likes to dig miniature
cave for himself beneath stone or
clod and sit in the sunshine before
his home. His six sturdy legs and
two long antennae somehow give
one the impression of an efficiently
built tiny tank. Gryllidae cannot
fly because he has no wings under
his wing covers, but as a jumper he
qualities very we'll.
Toward the end of an August
afternoon, when the days heat is
lessening and the sun is getting
toward the horizon, the little mime
singers start their concert. Crickets
in literature are more frequently
associated with autumn, but in
Augustus Caesars month they begin
to tune up. Soon they will be chirp-
ing away all night. The country
man, coming in from his last look at
the livestock, pauses at the kitchen
door to listen to the MINISTRIES sing
ing in the dark. 1t is good to know
that as the hours of darkness pass
the little fellows will be saying to
the stars: "All is well. All is Well"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
The Russo-PoIish Treaty

uS NoSSOI OIISIi iICOty
The treaty just signed in Moscow
between the Soviet and Polish gov
ernments may be regarded as the
first major definitive settlement of
European problems. The settlement
is both territorial and economic in
scope. Apparently there was COM
plete meeting of minds, the pact
having been signed in what is de-
scribed as an atmosphere of hearty
and mutual understanding"
There is nothing unexpected in the
territorial clauses, which conform to
the agreements arrived at alike at
the Big Three" meetings and be-
tween the Soviet government and
the present Polish regime ever since
its inception as the Moscow-spon
sored Lublin Committee. Broadly
speaking, the historic "Curzon Line"
forms the new RuSso-PoliSh frontier
throughout the debatable region
from Czechoslovakia to Lithuania,
with slight deviations in favor of
Poland. In the south Lwow goes
to Russia, while in the north Grodno
is assigned to Poland. BY previous
arrangements, exchanges of popu-
lation have already been arrived at,
whereby the political frontier will
tend to become the linguistic and
ethnic border as we'll.
Since, according to the Big
Three" Potsdam Conference, final
disposition of former German ter
ritories in the east is left to the
decision of subsequent peace
conference. the new Russo-Polish
border bisecting East Prussia is
technically provisional" But the
respective portions are already I'M
der Russian and Polish occupation,
and there is little doubt that the
peace conference will confirm these
occupation zones. Therefore, it can
be taken as established that Russia
will acquire the northern part of
East Prussia, with the port city of
Koenigsberg and most of the sea-
coast, while Poland gets the hinter-
land. incidentally, it should be
noted that the Russian section of
East Prussia abuts on Lithuania,
which is considered by Moscow as a
member of the Soviet federation,
though this status has not been for
mally recognized by either Wash
ington or London.
The economic clauses of the new
treaty assure Poland IS per cent of
all reparation deliveries from both
the Russian zone of occupation in
Germany and the capital equipment
due to Russia from the American
and British occupation zones. This
should prove an important item in
Poland's economic reconstruction
In return, Poland agrees to make to
Russia certain deliveries of goods
and raw materials, especially coal
in large quantities over a period of
years at special agreed price. This
is likewise in accord with economic
realities. Even before the war
Poland was coal-exporting coun-
try. With the acquisition of the rich
mines of former German Silesia,
Poland becomes the leading coal
producing nation of Eastern Europe.
Obviously, the national economies
of Poland and the Soviet Union are
intended to be closely co-ordinated
for the future.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19

consequences of which, so far as
the refugees are concerned, might
we'll be wholly at variance with our
conceptions of humanity and JUS
tice.
UNNRA was not created to serve
such purpose as this, and the ma
jority members are to be COM
mended for this refusal to subscribe
to it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19

while the people of this country cannot
make the choice between them, they
can, and they must, insist that choice
be made, and that ample funds be pro-
vided by Congress to carry the chosen
plan into effect
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Cont We Get Used to Them?
From the Ottawa Citizen.

From the Ottawa Citizen.
British and United States political
ructions "astonish" the Russian people,
according to a Moscow dispatch They
frequently astonish the British and
American peoples.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19

A Chinese hotel keeper killed rs
guests within a period of few
weeks. The guests might have known
there was a catch in it somewhere
when they found vacant rooms.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19

and boy hurt in driving accident at
Portsmouth, N. H.; at least eight work.
men drowned when gangway at Kiel.
Germany. collapsed; German Lloyd ship
Stuttgart in collision with another
steamer in New York harbor; Waterman
at paper mill in Castleton, N. Y, killed
IN boiler explosion; ocean tug burned
at dock in Philadelphia; factory de-
stroyed by fire at Leominster, Mass, and
undetermined number of passengers and
crew members lost when ferry boat
crashed into barges loaded with iron
near Galetta in Tunis. The world all
legedly was larger in those days. but il
was not much safer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Close Shave
From the New York Herald Tribun.

From the New York Herald Tribune
A Royal Air Force bombing of Ger
man experimental plant on the Baltic
two years ago saved our eastern sea-
board from blitz of W. rocket pro-
jectiles. German scientists then had
reached the blueprint stage in the pro-
duction OF missile which they believed
capable of flight of 5000 miles and of
descending on its target with precision.
But the Raj attack killed 300 of their
leading experts and so set back their
work that they couldn't get into mass
production of the thing until next No
vember. The margin of safety, there
fore, is six months, a close enough
shave IN a war of the dimensions of the
one which ended on We DAY.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
4 This Is THE Victory

By the Rev Frederick Bropn Harris, D. D.,
,apan United Senate Minister Foundry Church.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19

of science are going to compel the most
cepts of national defense. Again, the
laynan should not presume too much.
But we ought to be asking ourselves
whether, in another war, there will be
more than minor role for navies and
armies and air forces as we know them
today. The evidence. or such of it as
has become public property, is not yet
conclusive. But the facts that are
known point to the conclusion that the
next war will begin and end suddenly,
that it will not be waged by masses of
men and fleets of ships, but by fan
tastic creations of science which we will
neither see nor hear, but which will
strike without warning when some man
presses button in control room thou
sands of miles away
This may sound exaggerated, but If
we are to err at all in our appraisal of
the future it is better to err on the side
of exaggeration, for the facts, whatever
they may prove to be, will seem awe
some enough. Beyond shadow of
doubt, we are in an age in which science
will shape our destiny. and the type OF
thinking which was content to spend
only s1o,000,0o0 in 20 years on avia-
ton research before this war will be
fatal to us in the future For pur-
poses of defense alone, we must be pre-
pared to spend hundreds Of millions of
dollars on applied and pure research.
In this connection, the Office of Scien-
tific Research and Development. which
has done so much magnificent yet little
known work In this war, has prepared
q plan for the future. Other plans
have come from other sources. And
Evening star., 1945-07-06
Flood Carries Away
-Four Rockville Bridges
Following CIoudburst
Potomac Rises 70 Feet
But Woter Is Expected
To Recede Tomorrow
Picture on Page A-3.)

Three county bridges and a
private one across Muddy Branch
in the vicinity of Rockville were
carried away by flood waters
shortly after z pm, yesterday,
when a cloudburst hit the area.
Although only 043 of an inch of
rain fell in washington yesterday
the Weather Bureau said the un-
official rainfall at Rockville yester-
day was "a inches.
The Dalecarlia laboratory ON the
river at 5000 Macarthur boulevard
reported the river was % feet above
normal, but expected it to recede
oy tomorrow. Rock Greek was Z feet
above normal today.
The rise of the Potomac was at
tributed to a 3.4-inch rainfall meas
ured at Great Falls last night. OBJ
servers pointed out rise of another
IL feet would be necessary to create
a flood condition.
The first bridge to wash out in the
Rockville area was a private one at
the entrance of a poultry farm
owned by former Judge Henry j.
Hunt, who said the rain was the
heaviest one in the area in so years
He said roads we're flooded to
depth of is inches in places, delay
ing automobile traffic. The other
bridges carried away were located
near the Sisters of Mercy house in
the Potomac district, on the Piney
Meeting House road, and at Glenn
The Weather Bureau predicted
fair and cooler weather tomorrow.