davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-01-04
btSAN' ObN' CANLOo r. NVnObN
 AS Told to Peter EdsOn
Copyright, lO4S, NEA Service, Incl

ICOpyTlBhL Iy4o otTVIce 1IIc0
 The job of the Office of War Information is helping the people of the Philippines in their underground fight against the Japanese is something that few people appre ciate The credit should go largely to Frederic S. Mar quardt who born Leyte of American parents while his father Dr. w. w. Marquardt blind and living in New York director of education in the Philippines.
 owl had doube-barreled attack in it's information work First of its media was magazine The Free Philip
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-01-04

Dublin beekeepers want the Fire Government to allocate sugar for bees.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-01-04
-AAoeAvthur's GuerrilIos B
Filipinos Present Complimentary
 Underground Papers To Jap Big-wigs

Throughout the occupation of the Philippines General fearless underground band of
 fighting FpnOs Herc for the first me their heroic revealed the Philippine underground be-Brg. Gen. RomuO of best-selne Philippines" This the third of three articles
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-01-04

Good Night.
Evening star., 1945-10-30
Vargas Under Guard
After Resignation
Is Forced by Army
New President Ponders
Disposition; Military
Guarantees Election
By the Associated Press.


RIO DE JANEIRO, Oct. 30
Getulio Vargas, who resigned as
President of Brazil last night in
response to an Army ultimatum,
was under military guard at
Guanabara Palace today while
the new President, Jose Linhares,
deliberated on what to do with
him.
The swift and apparently blood
less coup ended a 15-year rule for
Vargas. President Linhares was in
Quoted into Office before dawn under
an army mandate in keeping with
the 1887 constitution, which provides
that the Chief Justice of the Su-
preme Court succeeds any President
who dies or is removed.
1t was the third governmental
upheaval in South America this
month. The government of Venezue-
la was uprooted within the last two
weeks. In Argentina Vice President
Juan Peron was deposed, but he
re-emerged with greater power than
before.
President Linhares, SO, is charged
with heading the government OF
Brazil until the December 2 elec-
tions, which Vargas proclaimed last
March. Vargas was not candidate
Il hope may fulfill my duties
according to the peoples wishes, ~
President LinhaTes declared imme-
diately after taking the oath at
2:30 am.
Arms, Documents Seized.
A communique from the first mil
itary region disclosed that Vargas
remained under army guard. His
wife and daughter departed from the
Evening star., 1945-10-30
Dr.. JohnC. Merriam, 76, Retired
Carnegie Institution Head, Dies
President Emeritus
Was Active in Many
Fields Of Science

DR.. John Campbell Merriam,
rs, president emeritus of the
Carnegie Institution here, died
in Oakland, Calf, today after a
six-month illness, according to
the Associated Press.
DR.. Merriam's educational train
ing was principally as a geologist
and palaentologist, but throughout
his life he refused to be limited by
any specific fields of science. He
was also widely recognized as an
archaeologist, an educator and q
philosopher.
The distinguished scientist served
as head of the Carnegie Institution
for II years, at the height Of his
career, until his retirement as pres
ident in 1888. When he left he took
with him the title. Of president emer-
(See MERRIAM, Page Ash
Evening star., 1945-10-30
Professor Wants
Russian Taught
nU. S. Schools

Earlier Forum Story on Page Al
BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Oct. 30.-Dr. Ernest
j. Summons, professor of Russian
literature at Cornell University told
the New York Herald Tribune
forum today that the Russian Ian
guage should be taught through
out our whole high school system. !"
THE time has come" DR.. Sim
mons said, ito open wide the flood
gates of cultural relations so that
thousands of our students can 90
to the Soviet Union and see and
learn for themselves. And let thou
sands of Soviet students come and
study with U.S."
He said THE intolerance often
manifested toward Russia is born of
ignorance of their way of life" and
we desperately need to know the
whole truth about each other
"Only that" he added, will set
us free from the deeply rooted
prejudices and national antag-
onisms that lead to war"
Evening star., 1945-10-30
Error at White House Places
Gl Employment Under Bradley

Labor Department, the War Labor
Board, the Justice Department and
the Retraining and Unemployment
Administration have been involved
at various times.
The question puzzling these agen-
cies is whether President Truman
meant to include unemployment in
the letter to Gen. Bradley when he
was listing other legislation recon-
mended to Congress.
The Presidents letter, according
to various officials, became the SUBJ
ject Of some official telephoning as
soon as the report of it leaked out.
AS late as last Saturday the Vet
Grams Administration legal stat.
still expected to follow the Presi-
dents instructions.
Asked by The Star what plans he
tSee ERROR, Page A-8.)
Evening star., 1945-10-30
BY NELSON M. SHEPARD.

Allied air power was credited
today by an official board OF
civilian appraisers with being
the decisive" factor in defeat
ing Germany on the western
front and bringing on the col
lapse of her war-supporting
economy.
Its imprint on the German ma
tion will be lasting" a report to the
War Department said.
Yet the full effects of the virtual
collapse" air power brought to the
economy that sustained the German
armed forces, the board found, ''had
not reached the enemy's front lines
when they were overrun by Allied
forces"
These two significant conclusions
Evening star., 1945-10-30
Senator Copehort Hurt
In Heud-on Auto Crush
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
INDIANAPOLIS, Oct. 30.-Sena-
tor Capehart, Republican, of In
diana suffered a broken ankle, cuts
about the face and lacerations to
the tongue early today in a head
on automobile collision about Is
miles northeast of Indianapolis
He was brought to the Methodist
Hospital here.
The car in which the Senator was
riding with w. F. Merchant OF Fort
Wayne collided with one driven by
Ralph Erton, %, soldier from an
Army base in Ohio. Mr.. Merchant
suffered broken wrist and several
broken ribs and the soldier was cut
and bruised.
Senator Capehart was returning to
Indianapolis from Fort Wayne
where he delivered an address last
night.
Evening star., 1945-10-30
House Unit Proposes
for Violation
OF No-Strike PIedqe
Militory Committee Votes
To Strip Bargaining Rights
Of Offending Unions
By the Associated Press.


The House Military Affairs
Committee voted today to strip
collective bargaining rights from
any unions violating a no-strike
agreement in a contract with
employers.
The vote. taken behind closed
doors, was reported as Is to g.,
The antistrike provision would re-
lieve an employer from all contract
liability if the union struck in vio-
lation of a no-strike contract. 1t
also would make the union liable
for civil damages and would de-
prive the union of its collective bar
gaining status for one year.
The committee also voted to re-
peal a section of the Smith Con-
nally Act under which organized
labor has been conducting Govern
ment-supervised strike ballots.
Another section of the Smith
Connally Act also got the commit
tees disapproval. 1t struck out a
provision under which the Govern
ment could seize federally owned
plants in which workers strike. The
Government, however, may still
have the right to seize plants under
wartime powers given the President.
The legislation may not reach the
House for several weeks, and is ex-
pected to be the center of a bitter
battle. One committee member
assailed it as ''the most vicious anti
labor legislation ever reported by the
committee"
In addition to seeking to penalize
striking unions, the committee also
strengthened previous provision of
the Smith -Connally Act prohibiting
unions from contributing to primary
or general elections for President,
Vice President or members of
Congress.
Any union making such contri-
button, or making political assess
ments against its members, would
face fine of $1,000, and any union
officer permitting such violation
could be imprisoned for one year
and fined 81 900.
Evening star., 1945-10-30
Nv L A. FOX

The White House announced
this morning that Prime Min
lister Attlee of Great Britain and
Prime Minister Mackenzie King
of Canada will visit President
Truman early next month to dis
cuss the future of atomic energy.
A statement said it was hoped
the discussions will begin about Mo-
vember IL.
The announcement made by Eben
Ayers, acting press secretary, said
prime Minister Attlee will visit
President Truman in Washington
early next month for discussions
with him and Prime Minister King
of Canada on problems to which
the discovery of atomic energy has
given rise.
The Prime Minister is expected
Evening star., 1945-10-30
Byrnes Announces
Recognition of New
Venezuela Reqime

United States recognition of
the Venezuelan government
headed by Romulo Betancourt,
which came to power in the
revolution of October 18, was
announced today by Secretary
of State Byrnes.
Similar action is expected
soon of other American repub-
lies which had been consulted
before Mr.. Byrnes' announce
nent. Guatemala, Paraguay,
Cuba, Uruguay, Ecuador, Bolivia
and Mexico have extended
recognition.
Mr.. Byrnes said Frank P.
Corrigan, American Ambassador
in Caracas, is informing the
new Venezuelan Minister for
Foreign Affairs of the United
States action this afternoon.
The revolt, which threw Gen.
Isaias Medina y Angarita out of
office as President of Venezuela,
was led by a group of young
army officers proclaiming a pro-
gram for democratic liberaliza-
tion of the government.
Evening star., 1945-10-30
AttIee ComingHereNextMontt
For Atom Talks With Truman
Prime Minister King of Canada to Tuxe
Port in Poreys Beginning About Nov II

to arrive in Washington so discus
sions can begin about November IL"
The announcement was made
simultaneously in the British House
of Con- mons.
Mr.. Atlee told Commons he would
be accompanied by Sir John Ander-
son, chairman of Britain's new
advisory committee on atomic en-
ergy.
Mr.. Ayers was asked at a news
conference later whether Generals
simo Stain of Russia was invited
to the conference Mr.. Ayers said
he had no knowledge of such an
invitation.
One OF Mr.. Attlee's Laborite sup
porters made a pointed inquiry:
Isn't it time, now that you are 60
ing to have conversations, to call in
RuSsia?"
Il think it is better to take these
fSee ATVTT ,EE PAGE A-l2D
Evening star., 1945-10-30
By MIRIAM GUTENBERG.

What was described by one official
as White House clerical error
has puzzled at least three Govern
ment agencies, it was learned today.
Cause of it all was a letter from
President Truman to Gen. Omar N.
Bradley, veterans administrator, in
which the President Unexpectedly
gave the job of clarifying veterans
unemployment legislation to the
Veterans Administration.
Unemployment was mentioned as
one of several benefits for veterans
for which the President held Gen.
Bradley primarily responsible in
clarifying existing laws.
The Veterans Administration has
been one agency that had nothing
to do with veterans unemployment,
in which Selective Service, the
Evening star., 1945-10-30
Fund Of $50 Million
For UNRRA Approved
By House Committee
Relief Agency to Ask
81 ,350, 600, 900 More
Of U. S. This Winter
BY GOULD LINCOLN.

To keep desperately needed
supplies and services flowing to
liberated areas in Europe, the
Middle East and China, the
House Appropriations Commit
tee today approved a bill adding
$550,000,000 to the funds of the
United Nations Relief and Re-
habilitation Administration. This
would complete the $3.50, 900 900
total pledge by the United
States.
The proposed appropriations, how
ever, will only help continue the
work of UNRRA into the winter.
Congress later will be asked to au-
thorize another $3.50, 100000 as
Americas share. Chairman Bloom
of the House Foreign Affairs Com
mittee is expected to introduce a
resolution for such an authorization
within the next two weeks.
The total contributions authorized
or in the process of authorization
by all the As nations participating
in UNRRA, including some of the
countries overrun by the war, was
81 1882, ,760, 900. In other words, the
amount contributed outside of the
United States was $532, ,760 600. The
United Kingdom is the second larg-
est contributor, with 1922 ,4O0, 900.
Calls Speed Essential.
UNRRA Director General Herbert
H. Lehman told the Appropriations
Committee during hearing on the
bill that speed was essential if the
line of supplies, particularly of food
and clothing, to the destitute peo-
Piles of liberated lands was to be kept
going after December /. He esti-
mated that only about $4,000, 900 of
the funds hitherto made available
remained to be assigned.
The committee amended the bill
to conform with UNRRA council
plans to conclude the work of
UNRRA in Europe and the Middle
East by December 81, 1916, and in
China by March 81, 1947.
In its report the committee said
"the purpose of this amendment is
to restrict the operations of UNRRA
to the calendar year 1916 so far as
Europe is concerned and three
months later in the case of China.
BY the end Of 1916 the liberated
areas of Europe should be in posi-
tion to met their own relief prob
lens. The program is getting under
way somewhat later in China and a
slightly longer period for ternina-
tien will be required"
Use Surplus Commodities.
Another amendment provides that
so far as possible agricultural COM
modities determined by the Secre-
tary of Agriculture to be surplus
in this country shall be used in fill
ing UNRRA acquisitions so as to
protect the domestic supply of need
ed commodities.
Two other amendments written
into the bill call for furnishing
UNRRA supplies only to countries
whose governments are willing to
agree to supply the UNRRA with
tSee UNRRA, Page ABB
Evening star., 1945-10-30
Tax Reduction Bill
Is Passed by House
BY Vote Of 297 TO 33
Cannon Wages Hard
But Futile Fight Against
Conference Report
By ]. A. O'LEARY.

The House today approved the
conference report on the $5 ,920,-
tax reduction bill by a
vote of 297 to 80, after Chairman
Cannon of the Appropriations
Committee had waged a hopeless
fight against the measure.
Mr.. Cannon had called it absurd
to reouce taxes while the Govern
ment is in the midst of borrowing
more money, but lined up in support
Of the measure were Ma ajority Leader
Mccormack, Chairman Doughton of
the Ways and Means Committee
and Representative Knutson, Re-
publican, of Minnesota, ranking
minority member of the committee
The final draft of the bill, reduc-
ing the taxes of both individuals and
corporations, now goes to the Sen
ate, which is expected to pass il
Thursday and send it to President
Truman for signature. The bill re-
moves all income tax from IL, ,000, 600
low-income wage earners, repeals
the wartime excess profits tax and
grants some relief to all other
individuals and businesses.
At the outset of the debate, Mr..
Doughton predicted the Treasury's
revenue collections may not be re-
duced materially if the lower tax
rates produce the expected stimulat-
ing effect on business expansion and
employment.
Cannon Opens Attack.
Mr.. Cannon opened the attack
on the bill after Representative
Knutson had suggested further tax
cuts will be possible later on if Mr..
Cannon will "sit on the lid in the
Appropriations Committee"
Taking the floor a moment later,
Mr.. Cannon warned his colleagues
that every dollar you reduce taxes
is a dollar you must borrow" and
added:
"We wouldn't have to 60 out this
far and borrow $11 900 900 900 if you
would throw this bill in the waste
Evening star., 1945-10-30
Hore-BeIisha Pays Visit
To Truman With Halifax

Leslie Hore- -Belisha, British Con-
servative leader, visited President
Truman today for what he described
later to newsmen as merely a
courtesy call"
Mr.. Hore-Belisha, who was Min
lister of War in the Chamberlain
cabinet when World War II began,
was defeated for reelection to Par
lament in the recent British ballot
ing.
He said that interest, affection
and desire to see the country
took him out of Europe He is going
to South America and plans to leave
this afternoon for Jamaica.
He was accompanied to the White
House by the Earl of Halifax, Brit
ish Ambassador.
Evening star., 1945-10-30
Home Loan Bank Units
Set Bond Drive Pace
BY 0versubscription
Exceed Quota First Day;
Miss America to Visit
D. c. to Spur Sales

The Victory Loan drive was off
to flying start today as Federal
Home Loan Bank Administra-
ton workers oversubscribed their
quota on the first day of the
campaign.
The administrations three agen-
cies-the Federal Home Loan Bank
System, the Federal Savings and
Loan Bank System and the Home
Owners Loan Corp. - yesterday
bought and pledged s132 ,607 secu-
rites. Their quota for the CAM
paign was $130,924.
The Office of James Twohy, FHLB
director, who is chairman of the
administrations Bond Sales Commit
tee, said $4,000 of the overall
quota was Immediately taken care
of in payroll savings pledges. Cash
purchases of v Bonds made up the
balance.
Meanwhile, the District War
Finance Committee said a statement
on the progress of the campaign
here would be issued later this week.
The bond sales are processed and
counted at the Federal Reserve
Bank of Richmond. An accounting
of the campaigns progress nation
ALLY will be forthcoming from the
War Finance Division of the Treas
ury at pm. today.
President Truman bought the
first Roosevelt Memorial Bond yes
terday from Secretary of the Treas
ury Vinson on the porch of his Office
at the White House. Mr.. Truman
handed over $3.50 for the bond COM
memorating the late President and
received one of the 5000 maturity
value securities in return.
The national v Bond goal is $11,
000, 100000; Washington's overall
quota is $85, ,000, 900, of which $42,-
10000 must be sold to individuals.
(See VICTORY LOAN page A-31
Evening star., 1945-10-30
New Overseas Edition
Will Be Out Tomorrow

A new issue of The Stars
Overseas Edition will be ready
tomorrow. Free copies, with
envelopes for mailing, may be
obtained at The Stars busi-
ness counter and the Victory
Bond booth in Lansburgh's
Department Store.
The edition is strictly linn
tied. Please don't waste a
single copy.
Evening star., 1945-10-30
AHpower Was Decisive Factor
In Reich's Fall, Appraisers Say
Civilian Board Coils Raids on Transport
System and Oil Supplies Most Effective

were reached In an extensive survey
made on the scenes of destruction
before and after We day to ap-
praise, primarily, the effects of
strategic bombing on German econ
omy and morale.
The survey report made some
critical references to target selec-
ton, noting that there was need for
better strategic intelligence. 1t
found, for example, that "the city
attacks of the RAF prior to the
autumn of 1914, did not substantially
affect the course of German war
production. The survey also made
these points:
There is no evidence that the at
tacks on the ball-bearing industry
against which the United States
Air Forces made big raids which
(See AIRPOWER. Page A-3)
Evening star., 1945-10-30
Body Flying Atlantic
Wears Oxygen Mask
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Oct. 3o.-A 5-month-
old baby girl, who flew the Atlantic
with a special infant-size oxygen
mask, arrived at La Guardia Field
yesterday from Sweden aboard an
Air Transport Command plxne.
The baby, Katherine Wood, rode
out storm over the atlantic when
the plane rose to 1000 feet, using
her mask-adapted from an adult
one. She took the whole experience
''in stride" fellow passengers said.
She is the daughter of 1t. Col. and
Mrs. Robert Wood of Ravenswood,
w. Va. 7
Evening star., 1945-10-30
Hirohito's Fortune
Tops S106, 900,
Survey Reveals
Ey the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
TOKYO, Oct. 30.-Emperor
Hirohito's imperial household
fortune amounts to 1,590,615 500
yen, or slightly more than $780,
100000, Allied headquarters an
nounced today.
The total, supplied Allied
headquarters in compliance
with Gen. MacArthur's direc-
tive, includes cash, negotiable
instruments, real estate and
timber holdings, but does not
include silver bullion, art OBJ
jects and jewelry, which will be
reported later.
The figure does not include
the household fortunes of the
IA imperial princes.
Evening star., 1945-10-30
Britain Takes Over
Strikebound Ports
By the Associated Press

by tllt ASSuCldttu FreSS.
LONDON, Oct. 30-The govern
ment virtually took over all of Brit
aims Strikebound ports today, or
dering out thousands of additional
troops to unload all ships and get
the nations export trade moving.
Hitherto during the six-week-old
stevedore strike, soldiers had been
used only to unload food ships.
The Ministry of War Transport,
in announcing the governments de-
cision, said the number of troops
used would be increased as neces-
sity dictated. So far 1880 have
been assigned.
Evening star., 1945-10-30
PimIico Results

FIRST RACE-Purse, $1,000; claiming
Jack Of Hearts Dodson) $50 3.ao 200
Bareback (Greever) 4.SO $3.50
Gica tBaoris) $3.50
Time-1:1 :1525.
Also ran-Elbow Room, Crazy Whirl.
Quick Peace. Star. Time. Forever. at It,
Signet, Newtown, Ardent Miss and Silent
Rose.
SECOND RACE-Purse, $4,000; 3-year-
Mystery Book (CoyallD $3.50 1900 1850
Escolar tClaggett) 900 80
Bare Cupboard (Cherryl lilo
Time. 1.50.
Also ran-Bardy, Pilgrim Maid, Found
Out, Patience, Miss Kalola, Tiresome, Tod
can, Flying Scout. Ted Yves.
(Daily Double paid $190.10)
THIRD RACE-Purse, $1,000; 3-year-
olds and up; claiming; steeplechase; 2
niles.
liver Run towens) 40 500 $50
nim Sham tRoberts) 430 $40
ougemont (Cruz) 27O
Time. 1854.
Also ran--a Ric Cake q Eremon, Gen.
eral Day, Danny Deever.
q John stewart-Miss Elizabeth McVitty
entry.
Evening star., 1945-10-30
Gruenther Deputy Head
Of Stuff COLLEGE Here

BY the Associated Press.
VIENNA, Oct. 30.-Gen. Mark w.
Clark announced yesterday that his
deputy commander of American
forces in Austria, Maj. Gen. Alfred
M. Gruenther, 46, has been appoint
ed deputy commandant for the new
Joint Army-Navy Staff College in
Washington.
Evening star., 1945-10-30

palace last night during the coup.
The communique said that many
arms and many documents have
been apprehended" at various Com
munist headquarters in Rio de
Janeiro.
Tt is known that President Lin
hares, who also is head of the su-
preme electoral tribunal, is opposed
Evening star., 1945-10-30
President to See Press

President Truman will hold news
conference at 10 am tomorrow, it
was announced at the White House
today,
Evening star., 1945-10-30

(See BRAZIL, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1945-10-30

GEN. MARSHALL urges immediate
action on strong peace force.
Page A-4
Evening star., 1945-10-30

(See CHINA, Page A-5D
Evening star., 1945-10-30

(See MERGER, Page ABB
Evening star., 1945-10-30

(See TAXES, Page A-3)
Evening star., 1945-10-30

(See AIRPOWER, Page A-3D
Evening star., 1945-10-30

(See ATTLEE, Page A-l2D
Evening star., 1945-10-30

,See VICTORY LOAN, page AS.
Evening star., 1945-10-30

(See UNRRA, Page ABB
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-15
ShOrtstop Now
An 0utfieIder

There aro numerous cases in the
big leagues whore uaelderS or
oU'Gc'f.E have been converted
nrp p.t.HOr- and Rave made good
Vow con. u,% twist 10 tins
angle The subject is Joe Con
Islo> of trn Little Rock club Of
1he Southern League. Joe once
Thought B.. was "a ~h5r'Stop Now
hy L, au outfp'ier
There WAS a very good reason
for the change" Joe admits.
1T got ~ that people refused 20
sit back ~ first base. They
were afraid they would get
-trr--rrrr-ci nv UrIC ~ nv wtiCf throws
from short. figured there
must b. better place for me
i'm baseball. - I moved out to
the Outfield. Ina a permanent
resident there now, and the
club j. able ia sell tickets for
the seats In back Of first base
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-15
Travel Troubles
HitMdrquette

MILWAUKEE,, July 1i-Travel
troubles h ave delayed Athletic
Director Conrad VI. Jennings and
Basketball Coach william s.
Chandler of Marquette University
in arranging Their 1876 cage
schedule
The Western Conference has
postponed until this month the
arrangement Of It's basketball
schedule. However. the Big Ten
schools now have set their pro-
gram of Conference games and
arc marking additions 10 M out
their cards