davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-12-11
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

The Republican National Committee
at its recent meeting in Chicago ac-
complished two things. 1t laid down. as
the principal issue for the 1916 elections
radicalism-with the COP in opposition
to the Truman New Deal administers
tlon. 1t set up national policy COM
HiIIee, 10 act as a continuing agency to
present the Republican point of view on
issues as they arise.
1t Is not new to find the Republican
party IN the conservative role. Ever
SINCE, under the leadership of the late
PRESIDENT Franklin D. Roosevelt the
democratic party began swinging
strongly to the left, the COP has sought
TO bring home to the voters the idea
that the only way to preserve the
American way of life" was to vote the
Republican ticket Nevertheless, in the
campaigns of 1910 and 1914, Republican
presidential candidates were found sup
porting many of the New Deal measures
in principle" although denouncing the
methods of administration.
Now, it appears that much the same
Kind OF fight Is to be made again bv
the Republicans, but with greater en-
phaslS against the New Deal as a whole
=
The position of the COP was set forth
IN the program, adopted by the Repub-
hcan members of Congress and Endorsed
as basic" statement of policy by the
Republican National Committee and in
the speeches made by National Chair
man Herbert Brownell, jr.. Gov. Green
OF Illinois, Gov. Blue of Iowa and
others.
Mr.. Brownell emphatically declared
that the issue" has been made, that the
Republicans would fight it through to
the end. Gov. Green went so far as
TO attack the Republican leadership of
recent years because it had failed to
take the issue of radicalism more
strongly. The burden of his song was
that 1t is no use seeking to appeaSe the
le1t-Wing groups by kind words or con-
cesslons-that the radicals would not
support Republican candidates anyway.
All this, however. should not be In
terpreted as meaning that there is not
progressive wing of the Republican
party. There is-and in all probability
the division between the more con-
servative and the more liberal wings
Will become clearer-particularly as the
time for nominating presidential can
dldate in 1948 approaches, with the
conservatives probably turning to former
Gov. Bricker Of Ohio and the progress
slves going to Capt Harold E. Stassen.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-12-11
Britain and Spoin
from the London Daily telegraph and Morni

From the London Daily Telegraph and Morni,.
Post
In this vexed and confused state Of
Things there is no doubt about British
pollcy. What the form of government
In Spain should be the Spanish peopls
must decide. Intervention by a foreign
power'-to qoute Mr.. Bevin-"would
have the opposite effect to that desired
and would probably strengthen Gen,
Frances position" Our world interest.
require a stable and equitable settlement
OF Spanish controversies. MIR. Beyin fol.
lowed Mr.. Churchill and President
Roosevelt in declaring that we cannot
ADMIT Spain into the Club (the United
Natlons} unless she conforms to the
rules" Pressure for conformity must
OF course be devoid of any favour to a
olsputant faction which might foment
conf1lct. There is now good reason to
believe that the Spanish people in gen.
eral' are above all things bent on pre-
venting recurrence of the civil wars
that have brought them so much misery
We and the other free nations NAV bv
impartial good will help them to help
themselves,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-12-11
Pillar of World Security
BY Maj. George Fielding Eliot

Every time I hear any one use the
words national defense" I feel like
washing his mouth out with soap.
Defense is dead.
II We don't forget that dead word and
all the dead ideas that are attached to
it, We'll be dead, too.
There is only one military policy that
will serve to keep this country secure.
Gen. Carl Spaatz calls it offensive
readiness"
1t means just this: Every one in the
world must be fully aware that to start
another war means that the war starter
Will be overwhelmed by American Of
1ensive power before he can even get
MS war well under way. As long as that
Is so, there won't be another war.
But that means not only that we must
have the weapons and the trained men
with which to take the offensive, it also
means that these weapons and men
must be so well distributed on the sur
face of this shrinking planet that %
they can reach any source of danger,
anywhere, quickly and knock it out, (2)
they cannot themselves be overwhelmed
by single surprise blow.
&c. about this loan to Britain.
Wait a minute, says the reader at
this point. You were telling us about
offensive power. You were writing q
military piece. What's the idea, drag
ging in the British loan and sterling
bloc and empire preference and all the
rest of that stuff?
Well, this is the idea.
The United States and the nations of
the British Commonwealth form a mill
tary unit which, as long as it remains a
unit, armed on the principle of offensive
readiness, is invincible. But unity as
well as readiness is essential to that con-
dition of invincibility.
Yes, I know. We furnished most of
the stuff. the war was fought with. But
don't forget, the British furnished most
of the places the stuff was used from.
Right now, I'm assuming we'll continue
to have enough war material and enough
trained men to use it.
We either use it from our own home
territory which means that we start
fighting right from here, from New
York and Detroit and Topeka and Sc
attle-or we use it from outlying bases,
closer to whatever source Of danger we
may have to deal with. We either have
all our power concentrated right here
in the U. S. A., which means that the
first enemy blows atomic blows-will
land here; or we dispense considerable
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-12-11
Christmas Stur

Robert R. Coles of the Hayden
Planetarium in New York discusses
the Christmas star in Sky and Tele-
scope Magazine for December; and
the public at large, not merely pro-
fessional astronomers, may be in
terested in what he has to say. The
celestial phenomenon mentioned re-
peatedly in the second chapter of
the Gospel of Saint Mark always has
been one of the most attractive fea-
lures OF the story of the birth of
Christ. Strangely perhaps, its fasci-
nation increases with the passing of
time. The more that is known about
1t, the more there seems yet to be ex-
plored.
A practical reconstruction" of the
picture of the heavens as it was on
that miraculous night in the reign of
Herod the Great, Mr. Coles declares,
would be feasible if it were not for
the absence of one essential detail
namely the precise year in which the
Nativity occurred. The chronology
of Dionysius Exiguus, who intro
duced the custom of using BIC. and
AID. in reckoning dates, placed the
year of the Saviour's coming to
earth as 754 latter the founding of
the city of Rome" but his theory
now is known to be erroneous.
On the other hand, Mr.. Coles en-
phasizes the undoubted fact that the
Magi were more than casually &C
quainted with the stars" The regu-
lar proceedings of planets would
not have seemed extraordinary to
them, while they would undoubtedly
have taken note of anything un-
usual that appeared in the heavens. :"
A supernova-a dim star which sud-
denly flares up to extreme brilliance
might have been their guide to the
Babe in the manger. Other posi-
bilities, as Mr.. Coles lists them, are:
Meteors or shooting stars" comets
and planetary conjunctions. Re-
garding the last of these, Kepler's
discovery of the close proximity of
Jupiter and Saturn in December,
1903, and of Mars intrusion into
their neighborhood in the autumn of
1904, conceivably may furnish a
clue.
Mr.. Coles finds it significant that
Kepler estimated that his three
planets had been in "a similar
grouping" in 7 or BIC. But he also
remembers that there was great
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-12-11
Letters to The Star
Pop Wants to Know Why Sir
Cannot Be Courtesy Title

To the Editor OF The Star:
The Army knows nothing about this,
but there are lots of captains, majors
and colonies in this country they never
heard of. I, myself, am not infrequently
addressed as Capn or Cap. Once I was
promoted to major and on q number
Of occasions the rank of colonel has
been conferred upon me. / have not
yet made general. These varying ranks
were not, unfortunately, bestowed by
Gen. Marshall. but by people selling
corn, fish. taxi rides, ETC., etc. They
seem to hold the Navy in light esteem;
no one has yet called me admiral.
Not infrequently, however, these polite
people, noting the fact that I am in
mutt, call me Chief, or Big Boy, or Pop.
My wife, the other day, had the rank
of "Dearie" bestowed upon her by q
clerk in an establishment where such
things occur.
What is the matter with the good old
Saxon Sir-or is it Saxon? Anyway, its
general use is sadly needed, while the
use Of madam instead Of lady" might
prove convenient on many occasions
Once, being addressed as fellow" I
expressed mild feeling OF irritation,
whereupon my vis-a-vis said, What
else could call you? don't know your
name"
There seems to be a general feeling
among some people that calling another
person sir is an acknowledgement OF
inferiority and I fear that this feeling
will be strengthened by the Army and
Navy use of the term. AS matter of
fact, 1t Is convenient and sensible to
address strangers by that term just as
the French use monsieur. OF course it
also Is convenient way of indicating
there is no reason why it should not
be term of convenience; and 1t is SO
used in the neighboring State of .Vir-
ginia and in many Southern States,
where the people cling to the ancient
ways 1t is sometimes, indeed, recog-
milton of slight acquaintance rather
than a recognition of social or official
superiority.
Anyway, If we are not to use sir and
madam-and even some Of the schools
seem to have labored earnestly to get
the children to abandon such use
Congress might pass law in the laud-
able endeavor to put some other term
in general use, as there Is a sad need
for something to replace Cap'n, Colonel,
Chief, Big Boy, Fellow and Lady.
Diets PICKETT.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-12-11
Disagrees on Military Training

Disagrees on Military Training
To the Editor of The Star
1t is obvious that w. w. Stilson's
scription in The Star for December 6
is based upon misguided conviction
formed in a vacuum.
There are many in the armed forces
who will argue loud and long for con-
scription, but there are very, very few
who will use the arguments SO naively
employed by Mr.. Stilson.
Says he, year spent in the military
or naval service will settle young
man, get his feet on the ground, start
him thinking seriously, teach him to
concentrate and persevere, fit him, in
short, for life.
But in the great majority of cases.
the effect of Army or Navy training is
either negligible or exactly the oppo-
site of what Mr.. Stilson would like to
believe. The innate nature of the mill
tary system cannot help but encourage
goldbricking, countenance waste, cause
round-peg -in-square- assignments,
support class privilege, stif1e individual
initiative and suppress noble ideals Few
there are who escape the embittering
effect of this experience
These benefits are for the prospective
college students, says Mr.. Stilson. The
boys of IS who do not plan to enter
college will have all these plus the
added benefit of learning trade But
what of the many who will choose one
of the varieties of trades only to find
themselves assigned ('because of mill
tary necessity" to be sure) to some
other trade? And does Mr.. Stilson
maintain that every trainees duty can
be dignified by the title of trade?
And does he honestly believe that a
man in service has more chance of
finding trade that suits him than if
he were free to make his own choice
as civilian?
There may be valid arguments in
favor of peacetime CONSUMPTION, but
Mr.. Stilson's are not among them.
SERGT. GERALD STRIKER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-12-11

comet visible in BIC. Maybe the
exact identity Of the Christmas star
never will be decided beyond ques-
ton. But the mystery adds to
rather than detracts from, the
beauty of the Nativity narrative.
Some forms OF knowledge are be-
You'd the reach of science, and It, is
good that they are.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-12-11
Mystery
From the lola tKans.) Register.

The Age of Miracles is certainly at
hand when four airplanes, without fuss
or fanfare, can take off from Tokyo,
Japan, and fly without stop $500 miles
to Washington, D. G. They did it in
just little over one full day.
The mystery of life is that people
smart enough to fly around the world,
produce more than they eat or wear,
split the atom, or do almost any other
mechanical thing you can imagine have
not yet managed to progress beyond the
cave man stage Of human relationships
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-12-11
Army-Professional Game?

Army-Professional Game?
To the Editor of The Star:
Concerning the Victory Loan drive, I
believe that the Army Navy football
game, played before 100000 spectators,
could have Melted neat sum of
money had every one been required to
buy. 500 Bond in order to witness
that "sellout fray"
Although it is too late to do any,
thing about that game, I have a sug-
gestion which might be worth thinking
about. Why not ask officials of the
Military Academy to challenge the
national professional football cham
pions in game that should prove a
real test for the actual strength of the
Army team since many people think
the Army opposition just wasn't up to
par? FRANK j. KANdMETLER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-12-11
The Right to Work, Also!

To the Editor OF The Star:
When Philip Murray of the CLIO was
speaking of President Trumans proposal
to Congress to curb organized labor, he
stated that there should be no law
which compels men to work if they
don't want to. Mr.. Murray is absolutely
right and by the same token there
should be no law which allows certain
group of men to prevent other men from
working, If they want to. Strange as
it may seem to Mr.. Murray, people in
America have rights and privileges
even though they do not belong to labor
unions.
Is the American public going to sit by
and see constituted authority replaced
by that Of organized labor? We must
decide whether or not we are going to
support the President through Congress,
or allow Messrs. Murray. Green and
Lewis to dictate. A. G. CLARK.
Evening star., 1945-04-13
Hyde Park Neighbors
OF Roosevelt Pay
Homage in Services
By the Associated Press.

by the Associated Press.
HYDE PARK, N. Y, April 13.-
Neighbors of President Roosevelt,
sorrowed by his death. paid homage
last night to the man who made
this village famous.
DR.. w. George w. Anthony, rector
of st. James Episcopal Church, of
which the President was senior
warden, said that Sunday services
at am. in the chapel and at II
am. in the church would be dedi-
Gated to Mr.: Roosevelt's memory.
The Hyde Park f1rehouse, where
Mr.. Roosevelt voted each year, will
be draped in honor of the President,
who was a life member Of the Eagle
Engine Company.
News of the death came as a shock
to members of the Roosevelt Home
Club, a group of neighbors who first
organized to honor Mr.. Roosevelt
at the time he was Governor of
New York.
Mrs. j. Watson Golden, financial
secretary, said the club would hold
a service of honor.
No word came from the Roosevelt
estate, where guards stood duty
and telephone lines were diScon-
nected temporarily.
Moses w. Smith, tenant farmer
on the Roosevelt estate for 25 years,
said, He was the best friend that
I ever had and that millions of
others had"
Evening star., 1945-04-13
Roosevelt Illness
Known as Stroke
7oLoymen
81 the Associated Press.


President Roosevelt died from
what doctors call cerebral hemor-
rhage. which means a sudden ex-
tensive bleeding in the brain due
to a ruptured blood vessel.
Nonmedical people recognize a
cerebral hemorrhage under other
names such as stroke, or a stroke
Of apoplexy.
This is usually what happens in
a case like this:
AS people grow old their arteries
lose their elasticity. They become
hard, brittle. Usually, with advanc-
ing age blood pressure increases.
Some arteries in the brain grow
harder and more brittle than blood
vessels in other parts of the body.
Then, usually without warning, a
blood vessel in the brain gives way.
Blood pours through the brain,
paralyzing nerve centers.
Very often people get a mild
hemorrhage and recover and then
maybe much later get second, final
stroke which kills. Medical men
say the hemorrhage which killed
the President must have been very
severe.
Evening star., 1945-04-13
Vuccoro
Continued From First Page.)

those close to the new President say
that somewhere in the lineup there
will be place for the former chief
counsel to the Senate War Investi-
eating Committee which Mr.. Tru-
man headed as a Senator. Some
say he may eventually be Attorney
General, if he wants it. He now en-
joys a lucrative Washington and
New York practice.
Mr.. Truman and Mr.. Fulton met
for the first time little more than
four years ago. At that time, in
response to an appeal to the At
torney General for a good man."
the latter walked into Mr.. Truman s
Office to talk over the job Of chief
counsel for the Truman Committee.
Mr.. Fulton, special assistant to
the Attorney General and rising
young prosecutor at the time, took
the post at salary sacrifice after
Mr.. Truman told him:
Il don't want to smear any one.
I do not want to whitewash any one.
If you can take the job on that
basis, I can tell you now you'll have
my full support in all that you
undertake."
Out of that interview grew one of
the broadest, most applauded con-
gressional investigations in all his
tory, and an enduring friendship.
Won't Be Pressured.
Whomever Mr.. Truman picks to
help him guide the destiny of q
war-torn Nation, the new President
is expected to follow the ultimatum
he announced to this reporter just
few days before President Roose-
velt's death.
There's no use in any one trying
to apply pressure to me-" he said in
this interview. I'm going to do my
Evening star., 1945-04-13
Russia
Continued From First Page }

ube Valley in the direction Of Hit
ler's Bavarian mountain fortress at
Berchtesgaden.
South OF Vienna, Marshal Tol-
bukhin's mountain fighting troops
ranged into the foothills of the Aus
trian Alps on 28-mile front. seiz-
ing 40 towns on the roads of Graz,
Austria's second city.
Marshal Rodion Y. Malinovsky's
I'd Ukranian Army troops were ad-
vancing along the west and east
banks Of the Morava River toward
Bruenn, which guards the south
eastern approaches to Prague.
On the east side they were near
ing the rail center of Lundenburg,
while on the west bank Marshal
Malinovskys men reached the river
on at least a l4-mile front, within
shelling distance of the CZechoslo-
wax communications center of Ho-
dinin and 80 miles southeast Of
Bruenn.
Evening star., 1945-04-13
Churchill
Continued From First Page.)

bombs was mingled with widespread
curiosity over the personality and
policy of President Truman and ex-
pressions of satisfaction over his
intention to carry on administration
aims.
Appearing tired and worn-there
were reports he had been in lengthy
conversation with Washington by
telephone during the night-Mr.
Churchill came before the House
and asked that it adjourn out Of re-
spect to a man Of immortal re-
noWn"
Speaking with considerable emo
ton, he said, 1T is not fitting that
we should continue our work this
day"
Remarks Barely Audible.
His few phrases were spoken In a
voice hardly audible in the galleries
above.
Sitting on the government bench
were members of the cabinet led by
Mr. Eden. All wore black ties. An
unusually large number of Ameri-
cans were in the visitors gallery.
In addressing the House, Mr.
Churchill said:
The House will have learned with
deepest sorrow the grevious news
which has come to us from across
the Atlantic and which conveys to
us the loss of the famous President
Of the United States, whose friend
ship for the cause of freedom and
for the causes of the weak and
poor have won him immortal re-
nown.
1T Is not fitting that we should
continue our work this day. I feel
that the House will wish to render
its token of respect to the memory
Of this great departed statesman
and war leader by adjourning imme-
diately.
Il should propose that on Tuesday
next tributes should be paid when
we are assembled here by the lead
ers OF the various parties in the
House and that we should after
ward proceed with the business
already announced"
Message to Mrs. Roosevelt.
Earlier in message to Mrs.
Roosevelt, Mr.. Churchill said: Il
have lost a dear and cherished
friendship which was forged in the
fire of war."
King Georges message to Mrs.
Roosevelt likewise voiced the deep
grief and shock of himself and the
Queen.
In him humanity has lost a great
figure and we have lost true and
honored friend" he messaged
King George also sent a message
to President Truman expressing his
sympathy in this great loss which
Evening star., 1945-04-13
Pope Plus XII Expresses
Profound Condolences
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
ROME, April l3.-Pope Plus XII
sent a message to President Tru-
man today expressing profound
condolences on the death Of Frank
lin D. Roosevelt and predicted sue
cess for the new Chief Executive in
leading the nations at war to an
early peace that will be just and
Christian"
He also telephoned his condol-
ences to My-on c. Taylor, Mr..
Roosevelt's special representative
at the Vatican.
All schools in liberated Italy were
closed in honor of the memory Of
the dead president.
Premier Ivanoe Bonomi said in a
speech to the cabinet that amidst
so many compromising spirits, he
always preserved faith not only in
American democracy, but in the
principle of democracy which must
inspire the policies Of all peoples
If wars are to be avoided and peace
assured
Evening star., 1945-04-13
duty as I see fit, and let my con-
science rule"

duty as I see fit, and let my con-
science rule"
It was shortly after a group OF
men representing 81 CIO locals
from his home State Of Missouri had
filed into Mr.. Truman's ONCE to
urge him to use his influence" at
the White House to get the Little
Steel formula revised upward.
He smiled at them, but said no
fatty.
On his vice presidential campaign
tour he never lodged question, even
if he thought it might cost votes
The reporters who accompanied
him were amazed when he fire.
cuently admitted he didn't have
some of the answers to the ques-
tions asked.
Whatever figures his own "kitch-
en- cabinet" may contain, no one
doubts that the new President will
turn frequently to his former COL
leagues on the Hill before making
final major decisions.