davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18

for comparatively quick passage in
the senate.
Overwhelmingly approved by the
house, the Breton Woods monetary
agreements creating a bank of re-
construction and fund for stabilizing
currencies passed the senate, with
Taft (Rep., Ohio leading a losing
fight against the measures.
Charging that high pressure tao
tics have been employed to sell the
agreements to the country, Taft
sought to amend the So, 100, 600, 900
bank and SO, 800, 900, 900 fund SO as
to assure the responsibility of bor-
rowers drawing upon American on
tributions of BITS, 600, 900 to the
bank and 81, ESQ, 900, 900 to the fund.
While proponents of the Breton
Woods agreements declared that the
bank was necessary to permit the
economic development of foreign ma
tions, and the fund would permit
countries to obtain currency at fair
levels for international trade, oppo-
nents charged that there were no
provisions in the plans compelling
the members to stabilize their in
ternal conditions to guarantee full
redemption Of their obligations.
Concurrent with the agreements,
the senate considered approval of
the house : passed increase in the
lending authority of the Export-Im-
port bank from $500, 900, 900 to So
500, 000, 900 to finance sales and pur-
chases abroad until the Breton
Woods pacts can be supplemented.
With only l of p members of the
senate foreign relations committee in
opposition, the United Nations secu-
rity charter was sent to the upper
chamber for speedy passage. AL
though not promising that the pact
would prevent war, the committee
declared it provided the basis for
peaceful settlement Of disputes.
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18
FOOD:
Plain Talk

Along with the war, food remained
the major item Of interest to Ameri-
cans, with Secretary of Agriculture
Anderson warning Of tight supplies
into 1916 even while the Office of War
Information prepared to launch an
about propaganda drive to convince
the U. S. Of the necessity Of tighten
ing its belt to help feed impov-
erished Europe.
Declaring that the present food
shortage was the result of faulty
planning last year, Anderson said
prior to increased production in 1916
his office would seek to relieve
present scarcities by sitting black
markets, improving distribution and
holding army and foreign relief re-
quirements to minimums.
Except for milk, wheat, potatoes
and fresh vegetables, most foods will
remain in tight supply, Anderson
said, with continued scarcities in
meats, fats, oils, condensed and
GNdpOI dIGQ 1lllh dIlQ CdIllGu lTulJS
and vegetables. Rice and dry beans
also will run short, he revealed.
Meanwhile, the owls mapped its
propaganda campaign upon orders
from the White House, following the
report that the U. S. would have to
provide most Of the relief shipments
to liberated Europe. In addition to
pointing out the need for supplying
the continent, the Owl also will is
sue periodic statements on contribu-
tons being made by Great Britain,
Russia, Canada and other nations.
Pertinent to American relief ship
ments abroad, Senator Wheeler
Dem, MONTH told newspaper men
that after having been promised
adequate supplies by American au-
thorities, Europeans expect this
country to stand by its word. al
ready in Europe, people are saying
that they were treated better be-
fore they were liberated" Wheeler
declared.
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18
VoWs Impartial
Labor Department

Other separate agencies dealing
with labor will continue. The United
States Employment service and the
apprenticeship and training pro-
gram are now part of the War Man
power commission. Social security
is run by the social security board.
If the movement to create a new
department of welfare succeeds, this
new set-up might conceivably abb
sorb social security and also the
children's bureau, now under the la
Dor department.
The National Labor Relations
board, which administers its quasi
judicial functions under the Wagner
act, now Independent, would have
its housekeeping done by the de-
partment-that is, its financing, per-
sonnet and such matters would be
under the secretary Of labor.
Since Schwellenbach has been in
Office he has talked to a whole string
of labor men and a whole string of
management men, too.
Il am not a labor Official" he
says, Il am a public official"
That pretty well sets up his posi-
ton and, as 1 said, it makes his Job,
SO far as the Hobbies of labor and
management go, about as thankless
as the labors of Hercules. Congress
feels that the labor department is
supposed to look after labor inter-
estS and what Judge Schwellenbach
is shooting at is to have it operate
with the impartiality of a court.
But his chief concern now is to con-
solidate under one head all govern
ment activities pertaining to labor.
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18

Seek Increase

Seeking to cushion the nation for
the full shock of reconversion, Sen
ator Kilgore Dem, w. Va.) intro
duced a comprehensive bill extend
ing coverage of unemployment COM
%pensation, boosting payments and e.
.nancing job relocations. -.
Under Kilgore's measure, federal,
maritime and agricultural process
ing workers would be included in
coverage Of unemployment compen-
sation, and the benefits also would
be extended to employees in firms
Of less than eight people.
At the same time, the federal gov
eminent would contribute the differ
ence to bring state unemployment
compensation payments up to a
maximum of SIS weekly for 26
weeks a year. Vets benefits would
be increased to $25 for single per
sons and $50 for those with depend
ents for 50 weeks. Workers referred
to jobs in other cities would be given
travel allowances.
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18

Old Prices

Working to head off runaway
prices in the reconversion period be-
fore demand can more evenly bal
ance with supply, OPA has drawn
up an elaborate formula aimed at
holding the cost of consumer goods
to the 1912 level.
Under the formula, manufacturers
doing an annual business Of $500, 900
a year or more may add increased
labor and material costs to their
prices, but may apply only half the
ind~ustry-wide profit margin Of 1886
to 1889 so as to keep the overall
selling figure down. Producers in
the lower brackets, however, may
apply their own profit margins to
their prices.
To help speed reconversion, indi-
vidual manufacturers will be per-
mitted to work out their own prices
and submit them to OPA for APP
proval before the government can
formulate general industry : wide
costs.
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18
WNU Service, Union Trust Building,
Washington. ID. C..

WNU Service, Union Trust Building,
Washington, ID. c.
1t took Hercules just n day to
clean the stables where n wealthy
but not too sanitary man had kept
TO- 900 oxen. At least that is the way
1 heard it at my fathers knee. Since
my father pioneered in Washington
state in the early '90s. 1 wish he
were here now to witness another
Washingtonian doing a Herculean
job which he hopes to finish by Sep
TENDER l..
l refer to Secretary Schwellen-
bach, whose assignment is to put
the department of labor in order. He
isn't going to have to do much clean
ing out, but he has been tidying up
SO hat he can bring back under his
aegis most of a score of prodigal
agencies, all having to do with Ia
Dor, which are scattered all over the
District of Columbia and points
north and west.
Most of the labors of Hercules
were decidedly thankless ones and
were given him for spite because his
stepmother, Juno, didn't like her
husbands extra-curricular children.
Schwellenbach's job is thankless
enough, but it wasn't given TO
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18

him for spite. 1t was given to him
by his old friend, Harry Truman,
because the President believed that,
like Hercules, Schwellenbach could
deliver. He was a popular, hard
working senator. He was a popular,
Woodworking judge. The requests Of
goddesses and presidents are COM
mands, SO the judge laid aside his
robe, rolled up his sleeves and
started in.
The first thing he found out when
he reached the palatial STABLES"
on Constitution avenue was that TAX
ing care of administrative matters
would keep any labor secretary as
busy as Augeas should have been
with his 5000 lei No wonder no.
body quite dared to try to corral the
20-some agencies, rightly under the
authority of the department. To ad-
minister them would under the
present set-up be an impossible
job. And so they grew up with their
own public relations departments,
their own statistical services and le-
gal advisors, separate entities all
going their w sweet, if sometimes
conflicting, way.
So the first thing that Schwellen-
bach did was to get together a small
group who knew the department,
who knew organization and who
knew Washington, to find out if
something couldn't be done to knit
the functions Of the department
more closely together so the head
man wouldn't have to sign all the
travel orders and decide whether
there vas enough ice in the iced
tea in the cafeteria; and attend to
other trivia which might better be
delegated.
This was the first step in prepar-
ing the old home to absorb its prodi-
gal children. When the new secre-
tary arrived in his panneled office,
he called the staff of the depart
ment together and said he knew
that everyone agreed that there
had to be a reorganization and that
each division head also probably
agreed that his own group didn't
need to be tempered with. Then he
went ahead.
AS this is written it is hoped that
the report of the crew Of investiga-
tors and a similar study Of the
extra-mural activities will be COM
pleted 500 so that a comprehensive
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18

President Truman Qeft) greets Prime
Minister Churchill at Berlin.
Berlin and the report that President
Truman presented the conferees
with American surrender conditions
drawn up by the war, navy and state
departments.
Rumor that Russia's Big Boss
might have borne Jap terms was ac-
centuated by a newspaper report
from London that a high Soviet Of
fetal revealed that the Reds would
transmit a definite surrender offer
to the U. S. if it was forthcoming,
and that Moscow would have to
give the deepest consideration to
entry into the Pacific war in view Of
the heavy losses suffered against
Germany.
Repeatedly in the possession of
Mr.. Truman, the American surren-
der conditions supposedly include the
REIMBURSEMENT of all military equip
AllC1lls Tx olSOdIlQlll6llI Vi jap
forces; destruction Of war indus
try; supervision over enemy ship
building, manufacture and port
facilities, and punishment Of war
criminals.
Rife in the U. S., peace talk was
equally lively in Australia, where
the Sydney Sun editorialized: THE
end of the war may come with dra-
matte ~suddenness . Hirohito is
still the god-emperor. BY one stroke
of a pen he could relieve Japan's
terrors and make peace. There is
every reason to believe that United
States policy is preserving him for
that part in the drama"
Meanwhile, U. S. military chief
tains. sticking to the American max
i'm that the game is never V e until
the last batter is out, discounted the
peace talk and hewed to the big job
ahead.
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18
Parity Guarantee Factor

Another favorable factor today is
the fact that farm prices are guar
anteed by the government at 80
per cent of parity for at least two
years following end of the war, a
factor not present after World War 1.
But in spite of these favor
able circumstances, it is pointed
out that the large number of re-
sales (One-eighth of all sales)
indicates speculation is influence
ing the farm market that
twO-fifths of sales during 1914
carried a debt of IS per cent or
more of the purchase price
and that in many of these sales
involving credit, the farm buy
ers have assumed a debt great
er than the full market value of
the land foul years ago . that
in many cases current sales
prices r higher than can be
justified on the basis of long
tAhlC CdhHIhS Capacity.
In South Carolina and Kentucky
values r up more than double
their 1885 : 1899 average, largely
because of tobacco prices. Values
r up more than 80 per cent in
Colorado, 81 per cent in Indiana,
Arkansas and Wyoming, 70 per cent
in nine other states. Averages are
above 1920 levels in one-sixth of the
states and equal or above 1919
levels in one-half of the states.
To combat these soaring increases
the USDA has named a National
Agricultural Credit committee of
governmental leaders and repre-
sentatives of major lenders in the
farm mortgage credit field to meet
in Chicago periodically to plan curbs
on the infationary rise in farm
values. But the question still re-
mains up to the individual farmer:
Agriculture, as measured by the
true dollar volume of its physical
goods has increased from a $40, O0O,-
OOO, 900 industry to a STA, 600, 600, 900
industry during the five-year period
ended January l, 1915.
Financial assets such as cur
rency, deposits and war bonds in
creased from an estimated SIS, 0OO.-
900, 900 on January l, 1910, to $13,-
900, 900, 900 January /, 1914, and to
nearly SIT, 900, O0O, 900 on January l.
1945. Of this $74, OOO, 900, 900 indus
try, real estate is the farmers
largest single asset, now valued at
more than $50. Oo0, 900, 900.
Many Uses for Wood
Wood is used in more than 1000
items of military equipment and
supplies.
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18

lived as families, each member, adult
or child, contributing his or her share
to the common welfare. All we are
being asked to do now is just what
those before US did as a matter Of
course.
We must tend our gardens care
fully this year. But in our gardens,
both of the soil and of life, we must
take care to plant the right seeds. We
must watch owe them, watering with
care, not washing out the young plants
with floods Of emotion nor letting
them damp out under the dank chill
Of indifference. We must weed out
the false growthS, the tareS that choke,
the hateful smothering things that
suck the nouriShment from the grow
ing foods.
In our gardens let us study the i'm
mutable laws of nature fulfilling the
destiny of life itself. Let us weed out
our u%nreaSoning hatredS and preju-
diceS and throw them on the compost
heap or bum them up. Let us grow
only those plants which nourish or
give beauty-and let us border our
gardens with the bright pinks of
friendliness, the fragrant mignonette
of understanding, the purple pansies
of thoughtfulness.
And let us remember that a garden
blooms not for n alone, but for all.
AS Henry Van Dyke said, let us make
a garden for our kind feelings with
the gate ever open to those who pass
by.
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18
HARD WORKERS:
More Meat

In line with its policy Of provid-I
ing extra meat and other foods for
persons engaged in hard physical la
Dor, OPA announced that miners
would be granted additional meat.
rations starting in August.
OPA action followed the walkout
of 10, 900 miners from Illinois pits,
climaxing a series Of strikes
throughout the country. Leaving
their jobs after their leaders de-
clared they cant dig coal on let
tuce sandwiches" the Illinois
miners demanded an extra meat ra-
ton of so red points per month.
Though 1880 foundry workers in
neighboring localities joined the
striking Illinois miners, OPA action
did not include workers in other
strenuous occupations in the liber-
alization Of meat rations.
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18
Reorganization
Touchy Problem

The next step would logically be
an executive order from the Presl-
dent embodying the Sc~hwellenbacn
report to make the suggested
changes. With his var powers, the
President wouldn't have to ask the
pleasure of congress. But President
Truman doesn't want the changes
he makes to be temporary affairs.
Like every other president since
Grover Cleveland, he has requested
powers to reorganize the govern
ment and never has congress Of
fered a carte-blanche go-ahead.
Such a bill is pending in congress
now. However, if the suggestions
made by Secretary Schwellenbach
were considered reasonable, they
might be put into a bill and passed.
In any case they will probably be
presented before the other measure
authorizing wider presidential au-
thority is considered.
In the meantime, labor itself IS
tending to cloud the atmosphere in
solar as acceptance of any efforts
to restore full, free, collective bar
gaining, which the no-strike pledge
and various wartime restrictions
have virtually suspended. The pub
lie is getting very irritated with VIC
lations of the no-strike pledge and
what many feel to be union demands
which, whether or not they appear
fair as between labor and manage
ment, do not take the consumer into
consideration.
Much of the antagonism is due TO
the feeling of the men who resented
strikes while they we're in the serv-
ice. Schwellenbach managed to
smooth out one of the toughest vet
ran versus unions troubles the
country ever witnessed back in his
home state of Washington after the
last war. He admits there is no
doubt that such antagonism exists
now. I'VE may as well face it." he
says. But he thinks he can handle it.
One habit which Schwellenbach
wants to break up, and it is as
sumed the President wants him to
break up, is having labor disputes
leap-frog right into the lap of the
White House. Some Of the old-line
labor department officials used to
writhe every time a long, hot tele-
gram went out such as some Of
those addressed to John Lewis while
the coal strike was going on, which
were signed by President Roosevelt,
but dictated by the War Labor
board, which labor and management
had snubbed. These old-timers felt
that many of the questions could
have been settled with the ma
chinery which already existed with
in the department.
Of course, the War Labor board,
which has had all the tasks COM
plicated by the war to perform, will
die with VI Day.
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18
Heating Unit Costs

In selecting heating equipment for
the home, it should be remembered
that there are two costs-original
and operating-to be considered.
The cheapest heating system from
the standpoint of original first cost
IS very likely to be the most expen-
sive to operate. The few dollars
difference between dependable, we'll
made equipment, and something
which will have to be replaced in a
few years is very small when COM
pared with the annual expense of
fuel.
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18
WAR PRODUCTION:
Tdpering Off

Having already dropped to an an
nual rate of 1919 billion dollars in
July from 60.7 billion in March, war
production will be further slashed
during the rest of the year, reflect
ing decreased demands for a one
front conflict.
BY December, production of air.
craft will be down to 800 million dol.
lars from the July figure Of | bill
lion; ships 500 million from 700 mil
lion; guns and fire control 100 mill
lion from 200 million; combat and
motor vehicles 200 million from 800
million; communications and cleo,
tronic equipment 200 million from.
300 million. and other items and sup,
plies 900 million from / billion.
Of major munitions. only produc-
ton Of ammunition will hold steady
at 600 million dollars, with doubled
output Of rockets helping 70 Offset
reductions in other explosives.
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18
ONE-CUIDE
GREEN FINGERS
By Ruth Taylor

Happy indeed are those fortunate
people who live close to the land
where they can watch and tend grow
ing things. And doubly fortunate are
those with green fingers" who have
a Hnship with the elements Of ma
ture, those at whose touch the earth
blossoms forth.
My grandmother was one of these.
Give her a plot Of ground no bigger
than a pocket handkerchief and she
started a garden. 1t was a haphazard
sort of affair, for flowers bordered
the vegetables and wherever there
was a spare inch of earth, she started
something growing. She was a spend
thrift OF time and hospitality but a
mlser when it came to buying any
thing she could grow. Her garden was
also her joy and her comfort for she
used to say if you had a quick tenn
per and an impatient disposition,
there was no cure like a garden-you
could watch all of life in it and you
learned to wait patiently for the fruit
Of your handiwork.
This year we are again urged to &c
back to the land, to plant and tend
and harvest from our own soil the
fruit of the earth SO that we may all
be well fed. They did not call them
Victory gardens in pioneer days, MOI
in our grandparents times. They were
just part of the family task of earning
o IiviD0 bacI- ~ ~ Jo,.r
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18

hOugHL nnyIhIng Of
and | uas the only oma Ioho thought
something OF him."
Sndppily alfred, With a silk kerchief
embracing her hair-dO, Donna Rdchele
bitterly defended her late husband, be-
lying the popular impression Of her as
a mere kitchen loench who had cared
for his children. "They blame him for
everything" she rasped. ~The blame
should be placed on other people, from
BadogLio to the king"
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18
WNU Washington Bureau
621 Union Trust Building.
Skyrocketing Land Values

IMPAIRMENT of agriculture Of
icials and leaders in the farm
mortgage credit field are more than
a little concerned at the present
trend of rapidly increasing farm
land values which are skyrocketing
IN much the same fatal pattern set
during and Immediately following
World War 1.
Not only is government alarmed
over these soaring values, but pri-
vate industry is equally concerned
to such an extent that the Ameri-
can Bankers Association is urging
its country bank members to follow
conservative lending policies and to
beware of spectators who would
boost prices beyond what bona ide
farmers can pay"
As of July l., the level Of farm
real estate values had risen to an in
dex of 100, or a rise of SO per cent
since March, 1941, as compared to
an index of 40 in 1920 or a rise of
IS per cent from 1915 to 1920. But
the end of this increase is not yet
in sight and, with guaranteed farm
prices, return of thousands of vet
Grams who want farms and relaxa-
ton of rationing on farm machinery.
these farm values may equal or
even exceed the boom" values
which crashed with such devastat-
ing effect in 1922 and later.
Farmsrs Remember crash
Many thousands of American
farmers well remember that crash,
when some $50, 900 farms, over
capitalized at high per acre prices,
went the foreclosure and forced sale
route. Then from 1926 when farm
values started to come back until
the crash year of 1929 when values
again hit the toboggan, more than
800, 900 farms were sold under the
hammer of the foreclosure auction
eer and went into the portfolios of
banks and insurance companies.
Will American farmers forget
the lesson learned during those
years and now with pockets
bullying with money, bid up the
prices of farm land to another
crash year?
There are some contrasts or saw
ing factors now, which we're not
present in the last war: ID in most
areas the level of values started
from a point about Is per cent be-
low the base of World War I: (2)
there are more sales for cash now,
about SIS per cent as compared to
less than so per cent in World War
1; 90. farm real estate debt con-
tinues to decline in spite of soar
ing values, whereas during and
after World War l, mortgage debt
continued to increase.
In four years farmers have paid off
$1,316, DOC, 900 in farm mortgage debt
and the total debt today or farm
real estate is S 1921, 900, 900 or less
than half Of the all-time peak of 1923
when the debt reached $40, 786, OOO,-
900.
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18

Canada expects to get more of
1ndia's trade than the United States
because it will keep its price con-
trolls on longer than we do.
l had the pleasure of making two
pathological predictions in the var
which came true: the addition to
readers and listeners vocabularies
Of the words ''infltrate" in the mill
tarv sense and "redeployment."
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18


enced by a beUy Of
miStreSSeS.
Stating her husband
todS closest to her
when he tU1S doUn,
and most distant tUhen
he was up, Donna
Rachele averred that
"MussOIini neuer had
anything TO do With
any Womdn. All that
propaganda they put
out just TO ruin him. |
- H. wT., 49, L.
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18
Underfed Population

Two-thirds of the people of the
world are engaged in agriculture,
yet tWo-thirds are underfed.
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18
Wife Defends II Duce

Long in the background, Donna
RacheLe MussoLini emerged briefly 10
holly challenge declarations that the
late II Duce todS an irresponsible philan-
The Omaha guide., 1945-08-18
SENATE:
GIObdL P1cts

With public opinion strongly cast
for cooperative effort to prevent fu-
ture warfare, International security
and monetary agreements headed