davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-01-19
TEXT OF PRESIDENT
GREEN'S STATEMENT

Text Of President William Green's
statement opposing renewed demands
for national service legislation fol-
/ lows:
Throughout the war period, the
American Federation of Labor and it's
members have demonstrated their
willingness and desire to do every
thing possible to increase production
and promote the war effort.
sThe results prove the soundness of
the fundamental American principle
that free labor is more efficient and
more productive than slave labor. In
no country where compulsory service
is exacted from the people can the pro-
duction record match ours.
"Organizations of American indus
try and agriculture have joined with
labor in opposing compulsory service
because of deep conviction that it
would not be practical or helpful to
the war effort.
Labor still is reluctant to approve
! or support national service legislation
which provides for compulsion.
eve doubt the need for such legis-
lation We fear that it will create con-
fusion, adversely affect morale and
hinder the smooth functioning of the
war production program.
| Enactment Of such legislation can
not increase the manpower supply nor
do we believe it will promote effec-
tive use of available manpower.
"On the other hand, it may result
in decreased efficiency and lower indi-
vidual production.
"The better course to pursue would
be to seek ways and means by which
we can improve utilization of the avail
able manpower supply through volun-
tary methods. Labor will cooperate to
the fullest extent in facilitating the
transfer of workers from non-essen-
tial industries to critical war plants"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-01-19
RIGHTS IMPLY
RESPONSIBILITIES
by Ruth Taylor

The Bill of Rights is favorite top
ic with all American speakers-no
matter what their viewpoint or their
politics. 1t is the one surefire hit.
We all believe in the principles en-
bodied in the Bill of Rights. We pro-
claim it as the foundation stone of our
democracy. We brag of it's insurance
of our liberties as we wave the flag.
We flaunt it's great phrases in the fac
es Of our enemies.
But-do we live up to the ideal it
embodies? De we carry out in our ma
tional, in our community, in our per-
,sonal life it's great teachings?
We emphasize the equality before
the law for which it stands. We say
we oppose discrimination that this
is the abhorrent idea of the so-called
master race. But-are we free from
the taint of discrimination How do
we judge our neighbors? Bigotry and
intolerance can be allowed no place
in our own lives, if we would be true
to our own heritage and destiny.
The people have, through the Bill
of Rights, the inalienable right to the
furthering by the State of equality
Of opportunity. But they have it not
merely as State-given right, but as
God-given one. Freedom from dis
elimination is spiritual as well as a
material condition for human devel-
opment.
This does not mean that all people
must have equal amounts Of every
thing-but it does mean that they
must have an equal opportunity to de-
velop their talents, to do profitable
and worthwhile work-without being
hampered by discriminations based
upon anything other than their abil-
ity and their willingness to work with
their fellow-men.
They only way we can defend our
liberties is to see to it that the law
is administered impartially and equal
ly to all the people Of the country.
The pledge to our flag makes this
clear.
Il pledge allegiance to the flag Of
the United States Of America and to
the Republic for which it stands, one
nation indivisible, with liberty and
justice for all"
The last two words s.for all"-are
the essence Of the Bill Of Rights
but before we brag too much about
them, let us do little soul-searching
and see If we live up to them in our
own lives. Rights imply responsibili-
ties.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-01-19
THE
CHERRY TREE
Where with our Little Hatchet we tell
the truth about many things, sometimes
profoundly. sometimes aippantly. some
times reckIessly.

Labor will for long time be look
ing over the Supreme Court decision
of few days ago in which it knocked
hole in the Texas labor registration
lava hole big enough to drive a
wagon right through.
R. J. Thomas had made speech to
union mass meeting and he hadn't
bothered to go through the formal
ity of getting a permit to speak as a
union representative.
So the majesty of the state was Of
Tended and suit was promptly clapped
on Mr.. Thomas as an alleged violator
of said law.
The case was tried and finally it
came up to the top court of the land,
the Supreme Court of the United
States.
The Supreme Court said the acts
performed by Mr.. Thomas were per-
fectly legal and were acts the per-
formance of which was protected by
nothing less than the Constitution Of
the United States.
You see, Mr.. Thomas made a speech
and those who heard him, naturally,
were assembled in meeting.
The Constitution guarantees the
right of freedom Of speech. So, Mr..
Thomas had constitutional right to
get up before crowd and let go with
what was on his mind. State laws
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-01-19
GORGAS HOUSE


Because pioneers in Alabama did
not have wives and children with
them, education received little at
tention until statehood was achieved
in 1920. Poor and middle-class chill
dren attended the public schools
while children of planters and other
well-to-do families attended private
schools up to the War Between the
States. The University Of Alabama
was was opened ct ,;Is Tuscaloosa a 9sso in 1881.
cupied by the famous Confederate
General while he was president Of
the University, stands as splendid
tribute to education's rapid rise in
the State. It is worth buying War
Bonds to supply u. S. service men
who are fighting to protect educa-
tional advantages such as Alabama
has attained. US. Treasury Deportmsss
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-01-19

ence in the world between union and
a pound Of tea.
The responsibility of the union is
NOT the same as the responsibility Of
a manufacturer or a merchant.
So, when an effort is made to fix
and define union responsibility, the
constitutional rights of men and wo-
men come into play and must be heed
ed, as the court points out emphati-
cally and effectively.
It seems gratifyingly clear that if
states forget that fact, the Supreme
Court will remind them Of it. Back
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-01-19

There is no denying the fact that,
with rising power, unions face grow
ing responsibility, which they will be
wise not to try to avoid.
But they will fight and should fight
the witless actions of state legisla-
lures when they act out of spite and
prejudice rather than in broad spirit
of sound and progressive public poll
cy.
Sam Gompers years and years ago
pounded home the fact that labor lis
not commodity or article Of COM
merce", which makes all the differ
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-01-19

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The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-01-19

ward states cannot long remain poe
kets of prejudice and spite. "The NOV
ing finger writes, and having writ"
has writ mouthful!-CMW.
care these chickens freshly killed ?"
Freshly killed, lady? Why, arti-
ficial respiration would bring them
around again."
Evening star., 1945-06-15

was doing its utmost to keep Spain
from throwing in It's lot openly with
the Axis. However, Franco never
tried to prejudge the issue by for
mally annexing Tangier to Spanish
Morocco. contenting himself with
the formal explanation tnat his oc-
cupation was protective in charac-
ter to prevent seizure by one of the
belligerents. Undoubtedly. British
diplomacy has been pressing Franco
to restore Tangier's international
status. and he is in no position to re-
sist. The chief question is whether
the new international authority will
be more inclusive than the old. 1t is
understood that Soviet Russia may
seek to be one of the participants in
the Control Commission. 1t is like
wise understood that no objection
would be raised to participation by
the United States. The status of
Italy is uncertain, since her interna-
tional position is not yet fully re-
established.
Evening star., 1945-06-15
Rutifyinq the Charter

There has been some suggestion
OF plan to push the world organ
ization charter through the Senate
by July 15-a program which would
allow not more than three weeks
for committee hearings, debate and
ratification. But the probability of
any such speedy action is extremely
remote, and the President is wise in
refusing to put, himself in the posi-
tion of demanding" that the Senate
act in haste.
1t Is to be hoped, and with good
reason, that the Senate will ratify
the charter as promptly as possible.
II 1t could be approved by the time
the President meets with Prime
Minister Churchill and Marshal
Stain the effect on their meeting
should be helpful. But that benefit
Is not worth the risk OF having 1t
said that the charter was rail-
roaded" through the Senate.
This, after all, is the most signifi-
cant commitment ever undertaken
by the United States. 1t is hoped
that the charter and the organiza-
tion to be perfected under it will
enable the nations of the world to
live in peace for at least twenty-five
or fifty years. That being the case,
1t cannot matter greatly whether
the Senate, in discharging its i'm
portant constitutional duty to advise
and consent to the adoption of
treaties, requires three weeks or six
weeks or even longer in this instance.
The important thing is to get the
best possible charter, and to assure
for it maximum Of support in the
Senate and throughout the country.
1t is these things, which can be had
only through the fullest opportunity
for discussion and consideration,
which really count now. Haste,
merely for the sake of impetuosity,
might prove very wasteful indeed.
Evening star., 1945-06-15
Tungier Settlement

SPANS official notification to
Britain that it is ready to negotiate
the return of Tangier to it's former
international status is diplomatic
development of considerable signifi-
canoe. The territory of Tangier,
situated at the peninsular tip of
Morocco where the Atlantic Ocean
narrows into the western end of the
Strait of Gibraltar, possesses a. stra-
tegic Importance that, for centuries,
has made this Moorish port city a
bone of contention between all ma
tionS with Mediterranean interests,
When the decadent Empire of Mo-
rocco fell under European tutelage
half century ago and was virtually
partitioned between France and
Spain. Tangier was set aside as a
special zone, the city and adjacent
territory with an area of about 225
square miles being administered by
an international authority consist
ing of the Consuls of Britain, France
and Spain, to which Italy subse-
quently became party. Tangier was
declared permanently neutralized
and demilitarized. A representative
of the Moroccan Sultan looked after
native interests. The Tangier zone
abutted entirely upon Spanish Mo-
rocco. whereof it was territorially an
enclave.
This situation was upset during
the hectic days of June. 1910. With
France collapsing under the impact
of the German invasion, Spanish
troops occupied Tangier. ostensibly
with the object of guaranteeing the
neutrality of the Zone and the City"
However. some months later the in
ternational administration was dis
solved, the High Commissioner of
Spanish Morocco took over its func-
tions, and Tangier was, to all in
tents and purposes. made part of
tl,. Spanish Zone.
These unilateral actions of the
Franco Government were looked
upon with grave disfavor by Britain,
but nothing much could be done at
. moment when British diplomacy
Evening star., 1945-06-15
The Infantry Wins Wars
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

June l5-Infantry Day.
Just ITO years ago Gen. George Wash
lngton took command of the Continental
Army before besieged Boston. 1t was
almost altogether an infantry army.
There were some guns, and few troops
OF dragons, but the infantry made up
the bulk of his troops. With Gen. Wash
ington's assumption of command the
history Of the United States Army Off
cially began. 1t is fitting that this an
niversary should be chosen as Infantry
Day, because from first to last, right
down through the pages Of that glorious
history, it has been the infantry soldier
who has clinched the victories our Army
has won.
Saratoga and Yorktown, New Orleans
and Chapultepec, Gettysburg and Look
out Mountain, San Juan Hill and the
Meuse- use-Argonne-these and thousand
other battle honors cluster on~the COL
ors of our infantry regiments-battles
where the decision was won by the
infantry soldier, his courage, his skill
with weapons, his endurance, his devo-
ton unto death.
To say that the infantry soldier has
been the decisive element in our battles
Is not to disparage the great contribution
to those victories made by the other
arms of the service. It is merely to
state and restate fact which the pages
of our military history-and the mill
tary history Of every other nation
themselves state and restate, over and
over again. The infantry is the de-
cisive arm on the battlefield. If the
infantry wins, the battle is won; If the
infantry is defeated, the battle is lost.
*
In the highly mechanical war of to-
day, despite all prophecies to the con-
trary, it still is the same. The foot SOL
dier, bearing his weapons in his hands,
still is the deciding factor. All the vast
panoply of modern battle has but
single ultimate purpose-that the foot
soldier may advance, may come to grips
with the enemy and defeat him. And
only that advance, only that final ac-
complishment, really counts. The in
fantry fight is the payoff fight.
In the course of ITO years the infantry
soldiers weapons have undergone erlor-
nous changes. Washington's infantry
Evening star., 1945-06-15

had but single weapon-the muzzle-
loading musket with its bayonet. Gen.
Eisenhowers infantry carried semi
automatic rifles, carbines, automatic pis-
tolls, Browning automatic rifles, light
and heavy machine guns, light and
heavy mortars, rocket launchers, tommy
guns. grenades of various types-and
they had their own supporting weapons,
such as antitank guns and 105-mm
howitzers. Gen. Washington's infantry,
the old Continental line with its muskets
and bayonetk won the independence of
this Nation. Gen. Eisenhower's infantry
with its vast diversity of weapons tore
the heart out of the German Wehr-
macht and laid in ruins the last hope
of German militariSm, and in both cases
the final decision was won when the in
fantry advanced and closed with the
enemy.
1t still is so. far across the Pacific.
We concentrate enormous weights of
bombs, shells and other missiles on
Japanese centers of resistance. But we
have won all our victories over that
tough and treacherous enemy when the
infantry has gone in to root him out Of
AAAo OCACAAoCo dlAu hl4l 4AAAIl, dAlO 1lOt I1ll
then. Despite its technical and me-
chanical miracles" as Gen. Vandegrift
of the Marines puts the matter, "this
war has proved more conclusively than
ever that there is no substitute for the
foot soldier. Upon his courage and skill
depends the ultimate ability of any ma
!tions armed forces to seize and hold
territory-to win wars"
To quote another distinguished SOL
dier, Field Marshal Viscount Wavell:
Let us be clear about three facts:
first, all battles and all wars are won
in the end by the infantryman. Second
ly, the infantryman bears the brunt, his
casualties are heavier, he suffers greater
extremes of discomfort and fatigue than
the other arms. Thirdly, the art Of the
infantryman is less stereotyped and far
harder to acquire in modern war than
that of any other arm. The in
fantryman has to use intelligence and
initiative in almost every step he moves,
every action he takes on the battle
field"
(coeyfisht. 1s4S)
Evening star., 1945-06-15
On the Record
By Dorothy THOMPSON

MUNICH.-I asked a high Austrian
churchman with a notable resistance
record what he thought were the prime
necessities for a successful American
government in Austria and Germany.
He replied, ITO prevent famine and
disease and to establish the most exact
possible justice. The abolition of prin-
ciples and justice was the greatest de-
moralizing factor of Nazi rule
THE restoration of justice is the
greatest spiritual necessity and hunger
That means punish the guilty, not only
those responsible at the highest levels,
but all those who abused the powers
given to them by the Nazis to COW the
people and line their own pockets and,
conversely, to reward by recognition all
those who resisted and tried, however
unsuccessfully to protect the people and
oppose the evils of the Nazi regime, to
forgive the weak, who everywhere are
the majority Of mankind, remembering
that the cowed are. by definition,
towards" -x@
Against the third group historical
judgment has been pronounced by lost
wars, frightful ruin and the inexorable
consequences of the prolonged misery
which will follow. But I wish I could
honestly say think we are doing the
best we can to strengthen the good and
punish the bad. Top criminals are
being rounded up. but scoundrelly self
seekers still are abroad.
Men who, though they at times came
to transitory conflict with the Nazis,
were among those directly responsible
for organizing movements from which
Hitler sprang, who were internationally
active In trying to organize war against
Russia and who did their best to use
the Hitler regime to protect their own
fortunes, are still around and, even
openly, are active politically. One of
these is Arnold Rechberg, cartellist,
once estimated to be Germany,s richest
man, who is handing out memoranda
to an whom he can approach and is
asking to be quoted and given interna-
tional publicity, though all political
activity is prohibited and real anti
Nazis are kept silent.
Nor has any adequate consideration
been paid to the pure and good. AL
though Martin Niemoeller has been re-
leased for over month, was the first
American to give news of him by word
or letter to his wife with a definite re-
port on the condition of her husband.
She has no idea where he is though
I reported I had heard he was in
Evening star., 1945-06-15

Switzerland. She has not received a
single letter from him and actually Is
more separated from him than when
he was in Dachau.
Among the men hanged by Hitler for
attempted overthrow of his regime in
July was Ulrich Won Hassell, formerly
Of the Foreign Once, who worked for
years against the Nazis and tried to
prevent the Axis military alliance. When
Ambassador to Rome, he finally con-
spired to kill Hitler and overthrow the
Nazi regime by force.
Won Hassells wife, who supported
him fearlessly, is living in a remote
villa. Although she is sought out by
our local authorities no one except my
self has attempted to get from her
connected story with names and per-
sonalities. Her husband left in Switzer-
land papers which she would like to
put at our disposal if she could 60
there and which might be of great
interest to the War Crimes Commits
sion, as would her own evidence
- x X
She is completely unguarded, even
for her own safety, at Ebenhausen, near
Munich, and no one is raising a finger
so far as she knows to rescue, if they
are still alive, the and year old
sons Of her daughter Fey, who was
sent with the children to concentra-
ton camp and then deprived of them.
Living in Starnberg, near Munich, is
the widow of Col. Hans Won Linstow,
who also was hanged because he was
in accordance with the anti-Hitler
revolutionary instructions seized by SIS
headquarters in Paris. No one seems
to think her protection is important,
even for reasons of historic evidence.
Certain German scientists possessing
highly important information which
has been discovered by them are un-
willing to divulge it to correspondents,
and they have tried to contact, with
combined intelligence and objectives,
the subcommittee whose agents are
working to discover German scientific
inventions. But they have failed due
to army red tape.
If anti-Nazis and martyrs and their
survivors are treated with the same
indifference as rogues and self-seekers,
despite the millions of words broad
cast to the Germans from America
and England throughout the war, faith
in our security will wane, and it Is in
this hope the scoundrels await another
moment to emerge under another
banner
Evening star., 1945-06-15

matte observers are wondering what the
next peace conference will be able to do,
except settle and delimit the borders
Of the European states which comprise
the United Nations The Big -Four, who
hold the fate Of Europe in their hands,
will have to decide what German terri
tories should be annexed to France,
Holland, Belgium, Czechoslovakia and
whether some islands in the North Sea
should be placed under the Norwegian
crown.
italy, the minor member Of the Axis,
has a government of its own which has
already been recognized by the Allies.
But Italy in fact has ceased to be q.
member OF the Axis since its surrender
in September, 1943, and has now become
a co-belligerent enjoying some of the
advantages of the other members Of the
United Nations. In all probability the
terms Of the armistice granted to Italy
and still kept top secret by the Allies
will be revealed at the next peace con-
ference when the Italian government
will have to accept the surrender Of some
Of its territories.
What these are is a matter of specula-
ton. Peace conditions, in the strict
sense of the word as is understood in
international law, will not be imposed
on Italy, however, because she is no
longer an enemy country.
The other satellites of the Reich have
governments of their own which have
been recognized-with the exception of
that of Austria-by all the other Allies.
There might be some territorial read
justments, but these will take the form
of voluntary concessions on the part of
the new puppet governments rather
than be imposed on them because of
their defeat.
The American Government apparently
hopes that an early gathering of the
European diplomats around the peace
table might bring about some sort of
an agreement regarding the future
states which formed the Reich. 1t is
possible-and this is said to be the
principal reason why President Truman
has officially stated that he desires to
set the date for peace conference
that number of new German republics
will be brought to life to enforce the
aims Of the international peace organi-
zation. This is considered in Washing
ton as highly important since American
troops will not remain Indefinitely In
Europe to police Germany and 1t is not
likely that British troops can be kept
there for any length Of time.