davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-01-14
BY Joseph H. Baird.

In the massive gray-stone building
on Pennsylvania avenue that houses
the State Department, dingy, yellowed
place to pleasing pastel shades. Archaic
furniture, some of it dating back to the
Spanish American War era, Is being
replaced by walnut. The hoary edifice
Is beginning to show signs of second
youth.
Meaningless in themselves. these
physical changes are symbolic of spirit
of youth and vigor which has entered
the State Department with the advent
of Edward r. Stettinius, jr, as Secre-
tary. The 44-year-old businessman,
former lease-lend administrator and,
until the recent retirement OF Secretary
Cordell Hull, Undersecretary Of State, is
the youngest In history, save Edmund
Randolph Of Virginia, who served under
President Washington. He exudes en-
ergy and apparently is determined to
confound those critics who have in
sisted for years that the State Depart
ment was archaic In both its organiza-
ton and policies.
Has Set New Pace
The new Secretary OF State has moved
rapidly and shocked some of the prece-
dent-laden minds around the State
Department during the few brief weeks
he has been in office.
He had been in his present post
hardly 4S hours when he sent one con-
vention a-tumbling. 1t is customary
for the chiefs of foreign diplomatic
missions here to make formal calls on
a new Secretary of State. Mr. Stettinius
did not wait on protocol. Instead he
invited all the ENJOYS to be his guests
at an informal reception at Blair House.
The gesture pleased them. Here, some
were heard to say, is man who wants
to know us Immediately, who doesn't
sit back and wait on the ancient, creak-
ing machinery of diplomatic usage.
The Secretary's next gesture was even
more startling to the oldsters of the
State Department. Renting Constitu-
ton Hall, he invited every department
employe, from Undersecretary Joseph c.
Grew to the youngest colored messenger.
to get-together where he introduced
himself, his staff and Assistant Secre-
taries and said, In effect:
We're all one team. We've lot OF
work to do. Let's pull together"
"He Is One of Us"
That, too, clicked" Today you'll hear
State Department people Of all ranks
saying, Now, this new Secretary isn't
Evening star., 1945-01-14

the years when he was climbing the
ladder Of big business. In his youth he
was bent on social reform and even
thought Seriously for a year or so of
becoming a minister. Yet he wound up
as top man in a firm which liberals
regarded for years as the cornerstone
Of f1int-hearted capitalism. He. has
been for many years member of the
Union Club of New York, which most
left-wingers consider the inner sanctum
Of conservatism; yet many OF his social
ideas accord with those OF the New
Dealers.
The high points in the Secretarys
career are well known. But no sketch
OF him can be complete without ref
erence to a few of them, for they are
necessary to an explanation Of his char
acter and ambitions today.
Mr.. Stettinius was born in Chicago
on October %, 1900, the son OF Edward
Reilly and Judith (Carrington) Stet-
tinius. His reat-grandfather came
to this country from Germany in the
Evening star., 1945-01-14

He neither smoked nor drank. (To-
day, at A, the Secretary smokes an
occasional cigaret, lifts a cocktail now
and then as a gesture of sociabilitya
He had definite ideas about entering
the ministry
Infectious Good Humor
Yet his infectious good humor-a
quality that helps him today-and his
eager participation in campus life, kept
him from the curse of a prude He
made the better college clubs and
served as president of his class.
All Of which leads up to how ED"
Stettinius found that first job in big
business-which his father didn't get
for him. The employment bureau started
by "Stet"-as his college friends called
him-received some publicity in the
University of Virginia Alumni News.
One of its readers, former Virginia
man, was John Lee Pratt, then vice
president of General Motors. He sent
for young Stettinius and asked him how
he would like to apply some Of his ideas
for social betterment in General Motors.
Meanwhile, the elder Stettinius had
sent young Ed" on a trip to Europe
and after his return suggested that he
look around over American industry for
q job. However, the son had not yet
abandoned his interest in the ministry,
Lets Look at the Future"
Look here" Mr.. Pratt is reported to
have told the young man. you want to
be success and admire that ambition
IN you. But let's look at the future.
You'll have to be pretty successful
preacher to attract a congregation Of
400 persons, while General Motors al
ready has congregation Of 200 1000, and
that congregation will be on hand at
all times"
After some thought Mr.. Stettinius ac-
cepted, on the basis Of an agreement
that he was to start at the bottom and
learn something Of the workers prob
lens. He did. Job: Stockroom attend
ant at the Hyatt Roller Bearing Works
"a GIN subsidiary. Wages: A cents
per hour. Reporting hour: am.
Two years later-in 1926-Mr, Stet-
tinius became Mr.. Pratt's assistant. In
1880 he was advanced to assistant to
the president, Alfred p. Sloan. Within
another year he was made vice presi-
dent OF the corporation, in charge Of
public and industrial relations. His one
Evening star., 1945-01-14

early 18th century and settled in the Dis
trict OF Columbia, where he was book
binder by trade and portrait painter by
avocation. His grandfather was a mer-
chant in Paducah, KY. (made famous
by the pen of the late Irving Cobb, and
his own father, pushing on West, began
his business career in st. Louis.
Stettinius, the Elder
The Secretary's father made a for
tune in wheat promptly lost it, then,
taking a sober grip on the industrial
ladder, climbed via the fabulously sue
cessful Diamond Match Co., and his
World War experience as chief pur-
chasing agent for the Allies and, later,
the Assistant Secretaryship Of War to
the rarefled financial atmosphere of the
House of Morgan.
The myths that have arisen from
this latter fact have been a perpetual
thorn in the flesh of the younger Ed
ward. For two decades both his foes and
his friends have said, "Of course, Ed
has been remarkably successful. But,
u
Morgan partner"
Mr.. Stettinius, according to those close
to him, is devoted to the memory OF his
father and speaks with the greatest
admiration Of his career. Nor does he
bear ill-will toward the House of Nor
gan. But those who connect his own
career with the fact that his father was
a Morgan partner touch sensitive spot,
rubbed raw over many years.
The real facts concerning Mr.. Stet-
tinius' entrance into the business world
are far removed from the pattern OF
the rich mans son who profited by
his fathers prestige
Stettinius the elder, whom his son
sometimes describes as pretty tough"
had no use for the typical rich young
man who followed the well-paved path
through an Eastern preparatory school
and on through Harvard or Yale.
The Secretary's mother was a vir--
ginian, and after graduating from
Pomfret School in Connecticut young
ED" In 1919 was sent to the University
OF Virginia. There his career was wide
of the pattern most readers would ex-
pect.
In those days, the Secretary will tell
you. he was animated by some vaguely
conceived but very real and burning
desire to be Of service to humanity.
The bibulous. happy go-luciy life Of
Evening star., 1945-01-14

the undergrad" Of song and story had
no appeal for him. Where this serious
motivation came from he cannot say
today. Some men trace spiritual de-
velopment Of this kind to some definite
early contact relative, a teacher, an
Older friend or book. Ed" Stettinius
can't. Back in Germany he had a
great-great-great grandfather who was
Lutheran preacher Perhaps the
young man was moved by some atavistic
instinct.
Whatever the reason, Ed" Stettinius
began to express this desire for social
service in some very practical ways.
He organized an employment bureau for
students and dashed around Charlottes-
vile in a ramshackle car lining up
jobs for boys who wanted to work their
way through school. He used most Of
his allowance from his father in max
Ing loans to poor students He became
president of the YMCA. On Sundays
he drove his creaky car out into the
Ragged Mountains and read the Bible
to the country folk
Evening star., 1945-01-14

a button -pusher sitting off in the clouds
somewhere. He's one of U.s."
Third, this wartime Secretary of State
moved Immediately to consolidate close
relations with the war agencies and
other Government departments. After
he had been in Office only a few days,
he invited fellow cabinet members and
other Government executives to meet
with him, Undersecretary Grew and the
Assistant Secretaries at a series of
luncheons. He told his guests, in effect:
THE State Department is here to
work with you in any way that will make
for a stronger war effort. What can
we do that We are not doing?''
Snatching minutes from busy sched-
ule, Mr.. Stettinius is trying, too to gain
a human, intimate understanding of
every key official in the State Depart
ment-and today there are scores of
them.
Complete REORGANIZATION
Along with this, he has promulgated
a plan, upon which he had worked for
many months before Mr. Hull's retire
ment, and with Mr.. Hull's approval,
for the complete reorganization of
the State Department. 1t provides
for staff of six Assistant Secretaries,
each charged with the overall super
vision of particular lines of State De-
partment activities, and scores of Or
ganizational changes at lower levels.
Basically, it is designed to provide a
modernized, highly y-integrated organism
to collect facts, weigh them and act
upon them.
The two characteristics which Mr..
Stettlnius has shown most obviously
during his month as Secretary of State
unusual energy and high appreciation
of%he human element In organization
are. OF course, not newly born. They
have marked his career from the time
he entered the University of Virginia,
on through his years in big business
which eliminated, temporarily at least,
j. in his occupying the post of chairman
of the board of United States Steel at
the ripe old age of 80.
The career of Ed Stettinius has
been, when viewed from any customary
approach, study in contradictions.
His father was partner in Americas s
largest industrial banking concern, j. P.
Morgan g. Co. Yet, 1t is a matter of
record that his father never helped him
get either . job or 4 promotion during
Evening star., 1945-01-14

laSL country IN Gne WOrlu TO 1ear COM
petition after this war is won.
1--WE shall have by far the greatest in
dustrial power, immense material re-
sources, country undamaged by the
enemy, businessmen who can stand up
to businessmen anywhere in the world
and new and intimate knowledge Of
other peoples and other lands gained by
the millions of our men who have gone
abroad,
IF were British could understand,
perhaps, fearing competition from us in
the postwar world, for Britain has suf-
military losses But the British are
good businessmen, too, and they will
rebuild the economy of their country.
1t Is in our own interest that they
succeed. In prosperous, free world
there will be abundant economic oppor-
tunity for both of us.
do we fear Communism in Russia?
Why should we? Is our faith justified in
our own form OF government and In
what free enterprise regulated in the in
terest OF democracy has done and will
continue to do for the United States?
We have been working out our own
experiment in our own way for more
than l60 years. Let us continue to do
SO. and let the Soviet work out its
own experiment. In its own way.
Friendship With Russia
I'VE have nothing to fear from Rus
e3o Mo hnxy
close, effective and friendly collabora-
ton with her in our mutual self interest.
do We fear reborn China? OF
tsee sTETTINIUs, Page C-5)
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-05-07
Piloted Flying Bomb
Found By Ninth Army
In Secret War Plant

WITH THE U. s.. NINTH
ARMY IN GERMANY, April
rs. - Delayed)- Up One of
Hitler's last secret weapons
piloted flying bomb-has
been uncovered by the Ninth
Army advance.
The Fifth Armored Division
captured manufacturing plant
near Daneburg. The ordinary
Wis were made there. A
German major working in the
factory expressed great sur
prise when he was led to an
other smaller building nearby
and shown plotted bombs. He
said he had not known Of their
existence.
The new V-weapon was just
like the vi except that, IL
feet from the tip of the war;
head, there was small cock
pit enclosed in glass. It was
cromped and had simple
flying instrument panel, ele-
vator controls and light para
chute.
The pilot could drop out in
a hurry. 1t was theorized that
the pilot would aim the bomb
and then parachute. On the
other hand there were reports
the Germans planned to use
suicide pilots.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-05-07
PORTUGAL SEWERS
NAZI RELATIONS
CONTINUED from Pare One)

CONTINUED from Page One)
point when it can be said there no
longer exists German national
government not even a central au-
thority which may maintain some
power.
g Under such stat of affairs
the Portuguese government cannot
continue to recognize diplomatic
and consular representatives ap-
pointed by the national socialist
government as legitimate repre-
sentation Of the German state.
" Under such a state of affairs
Ministry Of Foreign Affairs informs
Senior Won Halem that it consid-
ers his mission in Portugal ended,
as well as that of all other Ger
man official representatives in the
country. The Portuguese govern
ment pledges itself to guarantee to
keep all possessions of the Ger
man state in Portugal and hand
them over TO acknowledged du'
thority. In the meantime the Por-
tuguese government will take I'm,
der its protection all movable and
-immovable assets as well as all
German installations which will be
sealed until they are handed over
to the body which will represent
German sovereignty, be it an in
ter-Allied commission in German
or a government recognized as
such by the Allied powers.
i" The government has put I'M
der guardianship Of Portuguese
state authorities the German le'
CATION building, its chancellery'
the German consulate and other IN
stallations after these buildings
had been sealed.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-05-07

held at $3.50 o'clock this morning
in the Great Hall. Exhibitors may
take their flower arrangements to
the parish house today if they de-
sire.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-05-07
By CLINTON B. CONGER

WITH U. S. NINTH ARMY IN
GERMANY, April 24-Delayed
by Censor)-W.H-The Ninth Army
was on the march to Berlin on
April IS when it suddenly got or
ders to halt at the Elbe river, it
may be revealed today.
Untold thousands of American
lives were saved when it was de-
cided by high authorities to let
the Red Army alone take Berlin.
American forces never reached
Potsdam and withdrew, as report
ed in the United States. On April
10, the date of that false report.
the most advanced elements OF the
Ninth were not more than 5000
yards east of the Elbe.
The Fifth Armored Division,
closest unit to Potsdam, was 46
miles from there and it had not
yet crossed the Elbe.
The Second Armored Division
was battling to keep the bridge
head it later lost south of Magde-
burg, 81 miles from Potsdam.
The 83rd Infantry Division was
just forming it's Barby bridgehead.
It then was Sc miles from Potsdam
and today with that bridgehead ex-
banded and consolidated it is still
So miles away.
On April 10, Ninth Army units
still considered Berlin their objec-
tive. Their orders were to establish
bridgehead to a point Is miles
east of the Elbe, and be prepared
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-05-07
Five Killed In Auto
Crash Near Lawndale

SHELBY, May 6-R)-Five per-
sons were killed and three injured
last night in an automobile acct
dent which occurred near Lawn
dale, Cleveland county.
Barbara Jean White, two, was
seriously injured, but may recover,
Shelby hospital attendants said to-
day. The other two injured, James
White, a soldier home on furlough,
and Henry Smith, were dismissed
from the hospital shortly after
treatment.
The dead, all residents of the
Lawndale section, we're listed as
Palmer Hoyle, so, a veteran OF the
First World War; Clyde White, e.,
brother of Jamese White; Mabel
White, five reported daughter of
Clyde White; Fred Melton, Is, and
J. B. Newton.
The automobile in which all
eight of the above was riding was
reported to have crashed into the
railing of a creek bridge near
LaWndale.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-05-07
PHANTOM SPEAKS
TO NURSES CLASS

:.o his sermon on the words
,.,,,s the Christ as found In
q 36, the Rev. Sankey l..
pl.nton last night at the First Bap-
49, church preached to the grad
,,.,ine class Of the Nurses Schooi
lanes Walker Memorial hos
~, IN the subject Il Was Sick.
The minister interpreted the
IL If Christ 10 mean that life
a,i,narilv an opportunity for
,,lo action in lessening the bur
~ If humanity" He said that a
o7 oroIv professional service to the
~ M, * not enough. A shallow hui
o,snifarianism is also insufficient
. .t,r that may be little more than
sIorned selfishness.
S' To- really serve God, he added,
,,nst discover other human
, o"V and their needs. To ignore
desnjsc or use another human
~ ho;ng is blasphemy against God
md sin against humanity. He de-
aired s that what men do to one
another, they do to God.
choir of 40 under the direction
4 Henri Emuriam, minister OF
W Of the First Baptist church,
rondered the anthem Recession
al~ BY Kipling, and other selec-
tions
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-05-07
Snipers Fire On Yanks
In Capital OF Denmark
CONTINUED from Page Cne)

terbrogada, one Of the main
streets. witnessed the passing of
the Nazi hlformers, who had been
loaded into trucks.
The spectators gave free play
to their emotions and men and
women spat upon the Nazis.
The, infor;ners apparently had
been we'll paid. A woman VINO
was arrested was found to possess
a check for 10000 Danish crowns
on her person. One man had a
stack of bank notes a yard ana a
half high in his home.
Earlier in the day 100 Nazl Ges-
tapo agents had surrendered TO
the freedom fighters at the Dag
marhaus headquarters.
Beseiged since yesterday by a
Gordon of armed patriots the Ges-
tapo agents. surrendered mis-
morning without firing shot and
were interned. Danish patriots I'M
mediately rushed to the top of the
building where during the years
of occupation partisans were tor
tured. and hung out huge Dan
ish flag.
There was no shooting in the
capital last night, but from else
where in Denmark there came
reports of fighting. At Odense on
the island of Fyn IA patriots were
reported killed and 10 to 80 per-
sons wounded in fighting.
This morning the Germans in
Copenhagen remained in their
barracks or walked around the
streets u1armed like pre-war tour
lists.
Gan owl dispatch quoting the
Copenhagen radio said 60 to IS
persons had been killed in the
Danish capital in the last "a hours,
and % at Odense.)
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-05-07
Minth:s Drive On Berlin Halted
To Save Many Anne ricQn Soldiers

to break out either to reach Berlin
or TO meet the Russians.
From the bridgehead, the orders
issued to 18th and 18th Corps said
aggressive reconnaissance was te
be carried out. Orders like thai
when they reach junior field com,
manders facing an objective such
as Berlin certainly would be in
terpreted as green light to enter
Berlin, if possible.
But on April Is, Gen. Omar N
Bradley, 18th Army Group com.
mander, got the new orders. 1t
Gen. William H. Simpson, Ninth
Army commander, was with him
at the time. -
Those new orders which came
from SHAEF said that the Ninth
should not cross the Elbe, excep
for the br.dgehead the 83rd divi
sion already held. That bridgeheae
was to be kept, but not expanded
unless it proved too costly, il
which case it was to be abandoned
The orders left no room for loos,
Interpretation.
Were a substantial part of Con
gers dispatch was .deleted by tn
censor.)
At that time one competen
American commander estimated
that 10 days hard fighting woult
put the Ninth inside the city limit
of Berlin. AS later events showed
that would have been shortly afte
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-05-07
u. S. Ambassador Talks
With Spanish Minister
On Laval, Report Says

MADRID, May g. W.H-Well-in-
formed diplomatic quarters said
today that conversations between
U. S. Ambassador Norman Armour
and Spanish Foreign Minister Jose
Felix de Lequerica yesterday were
devoted primarily to disposition Of
Pierre Laval, former Vichy pre-
mier who sought sanctuary in
Spain.
Authoritative sources said Laval,
who is regarded by the French
government as q number one raj
tor, would be expelled from Spain
forthwith.
A Barcelona dispatch said Laval
and the group who landed with
him at the Barcelona airport last
Wednesday remained at Montjuich
fortress, where they calmly await
ed news of what Spain intended to
do with them.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-05-07
Cape Fear Garden Club
To Hold Meeting Tuesday


The final meeting of the Cape Fear
Garden club will be held Tuesday
morning at II o'clock in st. James
parish house, at which time Colon
ell Lawrence Simpson, U. S. Army
(retiredo, will address the group.
Annual reports will be read at this
meeting.
The clubs miniature flower show
will be open to the public from 10
a. m. to 5 p. m. Tuesday in the
Great Hall. AL interested exhibi.
tors are invited to enter flower ar
engagements.
A meeting of the steering corn
mittee of the flower show will be
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-05-07
Allies May Feed Freed
Nations For Is Months
Continued from Page One)

,.iu he gagged by relief imports:
Trance. Belgium. Holland, Nor
,rav Finland, Greece, Poland,
AIS ria, Italy and urban Czecho-
slovakia. oor
c,.rnlns food. could make up a
1srge part Of the relief shipments.
Towever, imports also should IN
clnde fats, protein foods and sugar.
+ao department said. Shortages OF
these foods already exist in the
Big Three nations.
With 1000 calories daily consld-
orod a minimum subsistence diet,
4he report said that the normal
consumer" diet in Belgium pro-
yides 1850 calories; France 1.5Oo;
Norway 1000. Legal rations in
southern Italy allow 1000 calorles.
Consumption levels in Germany
ATE 'only slightly better" than at
the end of World War /. But the de-
sree to which production and dis
iribution controls are kept after
that nations complete collapse, are
Of great importance, the report
said
Substantial deterioration, per
baps even breakdown OF .these
controls, now seems quite probable
"a development which will not
only result in boarding and black
marketing by producers, but Will
also reduce the total output for
food beyond any prospective de-
cine due to further diminished
overall production.
The report noted that Hungary,
Romania, Yugoslavia and Bull
garia are normally surplus-produc-
ton nations. But, it said, internal
Reorganization stemming from
defeat, occupation and radical
changes in the government have
dasically affected production.
Denmark and Norway will be
able to contribute some exports for
Europe.
The food situation Of the Soviet
Union now is only slightly better
than the extremely tight one'' OF
last year. Favorable weather would
bring some but not spectacular"
Improvement after the 1945 har-
vest,
The Allies face situation which
holds no prospect of early improv-
ment, the report said.