davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-12-15
Paper Drive
Next Week

Boston's. final house-to-house
drive for the reclamation of
waste paper to meet both mill
tary and civilian needs will be
staged next week in all parts Of
the city, and Hub householderS
and Storekeepers today were
urged to make it as successful as
possible by contributing every
scrap Of paper and cardNoord
they can. bundle together. COL
lections will start on Monday
and continue through Friday Of
next week. The first collections
in local wards will be made on
Tuesday, when the North DR.
chester section of Ward 7 will
be visited by the collection
trucks
For more than two years B0s-
ton residents have been saving
their waste paper, and during
that time thousands Of ions of
what was one Of the nations
most critical and vital materials
have been shipped odt of the
city TO mills manufacturing pa
per products fer use IN the pro-
secution Of the war and in re-
cent moths, for tht civilian
population.
Not only have Boston resi-
dents provided paper neeceo
for the manufacture of both
military and naval supplies, but
the proceeds obtained from the
sale Of the paper contributed
have aided many charitable
causes.
Although wood pulp from
which paper is made continues
to be very scarce and waste pa
per must still he us,d as a sub
stitute, it is hoped that sufl-
Gent supplies Of both pulp and
waste pape: will be available
from the regular i annels of
private industry by the early
part Of 1916 For that reason the
Boston Salvage Committee,
headed by Chairman George G.
Hyland is planning no further
recoIlections after this month.
Hyland today appealed to all
householderS and storekeepers
| to make a special effort to bun
| die and place on the curb all
the paper in their homes or
business establishments. He
asked them to clear all paper
out OF cellars, attics, closets and
other storage places.
"This will be our final house
| toulouse collection, the last OPP
portulity to contribute waste
paper to drive sponsored by
the salvage committee" Hyland
said. ut will conclude the drives
with Christmas cards.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-12-15
OBANYOUN'S
0BSERV ATOMS

Well, got in to hear the A.
F. A. M. concert, lost Sunday,
TO hear if the perfo mers would
justify the thiree | said obout
Them. hey die. Herman Car
ter, show ste ler, sung up to
his regular 70 n. but the
others were SO good that he
couldn't get away with the
show. Mary Sheridan Dovis
proved herself the some old
trooper that she has oIwoys
been, and Josephine Toylor i'd
ded new IoureIs to her crown.
But the surprise, to me, was
Victor Moscoll. | had never
heard him sing before, but |
certainly wis hto hear him
oeoin, he seems to be destined
to 90 places. We all know the
skill and cooperation of Hor-
old Evans, as an occomPonist,
and he did his stuff os usuoI.
1t wos indeed O worth while
program.
Lost call to get on board for
joseph Lipsconb. tenor Of the
National Negro Opera Co.,
when he sings in Jordan Hall,
tomorrow. Let US turn out and
give him q hearty welcome and
q good looking over. 3:30pb.
Pleasantly surprised to get
q cord from Ted Carter, who
is in the AIeutions. After more
than q year, it was good to es-
toblish contact with the best
second tenor ever had. Re
member the AIpho Male QuoE
ter2 Well, as soon as Ted gets
ovoiloble, we will get going
ogoin. John Powell, Bert
Cosby, and | ore rorin' to 90,
but we hove decided to w1ir
for Ted.
At the next meeting Of the
S. Coleridee Taylor Nusicol
Assoc, | viii have charge IF
the program. twill be held in
$50 Mass. Ave, Sunday, Dec.
%, at $50 p. M, and you all
know when | soy $50, ! mean
$50. So come out on time,
and bring olonq the. words Of
some of the fomilior Xmas
corols, as port of the program
will be q community sing OF
those same. We also offer Wv
ian H. Leonard, soprano, Nor
ooret E. Foster, controlto, Jms.
w. Henderson, speaker, and
have hopes of getting a swing
pionist to give US an original
number. Also, the newly elect
ed Officers will be instoIIed by
the retiring President That's
mel and the whole program is
intended to be q com back
one.
Hope to see you there.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-12-15
JAMES FRANCIS GUM

NEW YORK, N. Y.-James
Francis Gum, former member
of st. Mark Congregational
Church Choir, when the church
worshipped at 1912 fremont
street, died Nov. 10, 1945. Fu-
neral services were held at the
Adventist Church, New York
city, and interment was made
in Staten Island. He leaves to
mourn his loss, a wife, sisters,
many cousins and an aunt,
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-12-15
New Location
EMMANUEL HOLY CHRISTIAN
CHURCH
OF the Apostolic Faith,
New England, Inc.

CHURCH
OF the Apostolic Faith,
New England, Inc.
800 fremont St., Roxbury
Bishop F. H. Payne, Overseer
Bishop R. L. Stone and
Elder A. Anderson, Assistants
The church will now be To-
Gated at $50 fremont st, tenn
porarily, till the new building is
erected The opening date at the
new location will be Sunday, Dec.
2.
Hours of service are as usual.
Tuesday and Friday nights at
8 p. m.
Sunday at II q m. and 8 pm.
Prayer and preaching
Good music. Real Pentacostal
services,
The church is starting a cam
paign for a new edifice. the
first Of the Apostolic Faith to be
eractcA in Boston. Bricks $1.OO.
Please help us in this good work.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-12-15

of the ring game and may desire to retire
if he be financially able. The huge gate being pub
the proverbia hungry fighter possesses the spark and
ambition to become champion and his followers think
he can inject dash and color into the game don't
think race enters into the contest at ali and shouldn't
be allowed to either side The ignorant elements of
both sides must study these things calmly When Joe
Louis became champion he allowed to retain an all
colored fight and business management before
joyed by heavyweight king Louis has had respect and
fair handling by the public The Louis lure put boxing
back its feet and should he lose Joe will remain
great favorite. But Bill yConn had better not dream
too much Louis may surprise the critics He's done it
beforeI
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-12-15
.Ushers Meet

The USherS' Asso. will hold
its monthly meeting in Peoples
Baptist Church, Monday, Dec.
II, 7:3O pm. All ushers are
urged to attend and do their
bit to carry cut the program for
the new year. The association
is planning q meeting to be held
at Columbus Avenue A.ME.
Zion Church Sunday afternoon,
January 10. Watch for an
nouncement.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-12-15

person increased from about 100
to so per year.
overseas radio telephone serv-
ice was introduced in 1927, and
subsequently extended to more
than rs countries.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-12-15
0elI TeIenhOne
Announces Need
s"r Earnings

az %~AA wv kJAAOAAG OJSbClAl
needs to earn at least from sh
to 7 per cent on its total cap
ital investment in order to at
tract from investors the large
amounts Of new capital required,
according to Leroy A, Wilson,
vice president Of the American
Telephone and Telegraph Co.,
in an article to appear in the
Forthcoming issue of the Bell
Telephone Magazine.
Looking ahead for 10 years,
Mr.. Wilson foresees a possible
new capital requirement for
more than 50 billion-nearly as
much as the Bell System has
had to obtain in the last IS
years.
There are many thousands Of
jobs ahead in the manufacture
and installation Of plants tn
provide new and more and bet
ter services for the public, Mr..
Wilson points out. Included IN
the systems definite plans are
such items as taking care of the
100000 presently untitled ord
ers for telephone service, re-
storing plant margins to pre-
war standards, adding another
million telephones in rural areas
to the million already in serv-
ice, expanding the program of
fast and accurate dial service,
adding hundreds of thousands Of
miles Of new long distance cir
cults, creating a nation wide
network of coaxial cables which
will transmit television programs
as well as telephone messages,
eliminating old telephone instru-
ments and introducing new
types, greatly enlarging the
scope of radio telephone service.
and providing for the. normal
future growth Of the business.
Earnings high enough mean
that the Bell System can go for
ward and improve its service, in
crease employment. pay good
wages, develop further ways and
means Of increasing the value o.
/ the service, and In the long run
continue to reduce its cast
says Mr.. Wilson. Experience
proves 1t. 1t is because the Bell
System as a whole has obtained
enough money to do its job well
that it has been able to give its
customers much more for their
money"
The money invested in the Bell
System, Mr.. Wilson reports, has
increased from about $174 bill
lions in 1920 to a total Of more
than 81 billions at the end Of
| 1914. About two-thirds of these
1 81 billions have been invested by
stockholders, who now number
more than 100000. The remain
ing one-third is borrowed money.
It is upon this entire capital
structure, composed of both stock
and bonds, that the need for
earnings Of at least 6ia to 7
per cent is based.
Reviewing the history Of Bell
System service to this country,
Mr.. Wilson lists many specific
improvements which have been
brought about during the last
5 years.
The number Of telephones has
nearly tripled in in that period,
while population has gained only
about 80 per cent. The average
daily number Of conversations
handled by the system went up
from 80 million to more than IS
millions and conversations per
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-12-15
Barbados Editor
Continued on Page Four


ing the question period.
Mr.. Crawford also informed
his audience that his main rea-
son for being in the country is
to induce the authorities at
Washington to extend the
agreement between the govern
ment at Barbados and the La
Dor Department at Washington
whereby Barbadians may enter
the country the coming year,
for employment in agriculture
and its allied Industries.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-12-15
THE GENERAL COUNCIL OF the
APOSTOLIC FAITH. INC.
WILLIAM MONROE TRoTTER
Headquarters: 81 Madison St.. Boston, Mass

Headquarters: q Madison st., Boston, Mass.
Bishop F. H. Payne, President, Bishop R. L. Stone
First Vce-Pres, Elder A. Anderson End Vice-Pres.
CHURCHES, MISSIONARIES, CHRISTIAN WORKERS!
We are now extending our work and securing
additional membership and overseers to represent this
body throughout the United States For further nforma
ton write General Council at the above address.
ELDER w. H. FLOYDE General Sec'ty.
Evening star., 1945-09-04
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

ment insurance law told the Senate
Finance Committee that, in his opinion.
Gov Arnall would never agree to the
payment of $25 week to leather tails"
meaning workers who would prefer to
take a vacation at that price rather
than go to work. They wouldn't even
hit a snake" he insisted.
Representative Knutson of Minnesota,
ranking Republican member of the
House Ways and Means Committee, also
considering the Kilgore bill, asked a
pertinent question of Vice President
Thomas of the CIO; If we pay man
s25 a week for not working, what will
we have to pay to get him to work."
This question is answered in part by
the fact that if job can be found by
and the worker declines to take it, he
loses his benefit payments.
Mr.. Thomas and the CIO, however,
are backing proposal that an unem-
ployed worker shall not be compelled
to accept a job that is not comparable
in skill and pay-to the job he held
before going on unemployment relief.
In reply to questions by Mr.. Knutson,
Mr. Thomas said that automobile plant
workers have been receiving up to about
81 80 an hour-as miximum.
When Mr.. Knutson asked if such
worker, now out of a job, should not
accept employment at 81 an hour, Mr..
Thomas said he certainly should not.
The CLOS vice president contends
that for skilled workers-and millions
of them will go out of war plants as
they shut down-to accept less well paid
jobs. or jobs that are of different caliber,
would be lowering of the standard of
living. Under the Thomas theory such
workers would remain at public expense
until higher-paying, more-skilled jobs
are found for them.
In this period of reconversion there
will be millions of men and women,
called skilled workers because they have
been in war plants, out of work. 1t is
obvious that during this period no COM
parable jobs can be found for them, and
for some of them even after reconver-
sion. Unless some of them are willing
to accept other kinds of work which
may be available, the outlook for huge
unemployment rolls will be bright for
a long time to come.
If and when the expansion of indus
try to meet peacetime needs has ar
rived. the hope is that jobs for all will
be available. When that time will ar
rive is today unpredictable In the
meantime, Is there to be more or less
permanent class of workers on unem-
ployment benefit rolls while such work
which they are capable of performing
goes begging?
Evening star., 1945-09-04

diplomatic mission be sent to his head
quarters in the same manner that a
diplomatic mission, headed by Ambas-
sador Robert Murphy, has been detailed
to assist Gen. Eisenhower in Germany.
But Gen. Macarthur is reported to
have stressed that such diplomatic
mission must remain completely under
his control. Gen. Macarthur has made
long study of the Far East and has
some very definite ideas about the future
OF Japan. 1t was he who last winter
suggested that the only faetual modifi-
cation OF the unconditional surrender
terms should be the maintenance of the
dynasty.
The general is convinced that with
people who have the psychology of the
Japanese, it Is essential to maintain the
Emperor-deity in order to facilitate the
task of the American forces of occupa-
ton. According to those close to him,
Gen. Macarthur believed early in the
year that if the Allies would issue a
statement that the Emperor would be
maintained, the Japanese would sur
render without too long a delay-prob-
ably before the surrender of the Ger
mans.
Whether previous reports along this
line were taken up at Yalta by Presi-
dent Roosevelt is not definitely known.
But from the bits Of information that
have permeated the veil of secrecy that
shrouded the conference, it appears that
Premier Stain was even more suspicious
of the japanese than he was of the
Germans and felt that the time was
not yet ripe for any deals" with Japan.
1t was only at Potsdam, when Presi-
dent Truman informed his Allied COL
leagues that America was determined
to permit the dynasty to remain on the
throne in Japan provided that the other
terms of unconditional surrender were
accepted, that Premier Stain raised no
objections. Moreover, the war against
objections.
Gen. Macarthur will be in complete
control in Japan. politically and mill
tarily. He intends to run his own show
and has definite ideas about how to
handle the situation. His short-range
policy is said to be characterized by
"toughness." His long range policy is
to make Japan-if the japanese show
definite signs of having had enough of
conquests and wars-into a worthy ma
ton with which we will be able to CO.
operate eventually.
Evening star., 1945-09-04
Keep the Light Burning
n the MontrealYe Jo,,,


We believe that individual liberty
should be preserved at any price. 1t is
this liberty which, in our time, has pro-
vlded the great strength of the people of
North America. We cannot conceive of
individual liberty without respect for
mans private life. BY that we mean not
only his thoughts, his sentiments, his
manner of life. but also his house. his
property, his material undertakings, his
ambition to succeed, his work and the
fruit of his work or of his business. his
prof1t-all things inseparable from the
man himself. This individualism, prop
erly understood, saved the world during
the war; 1t should save the peace. But
1t will not be saved unless we set our
selves with all our might to save the peo-
pie from return to the conditions OF
l930-l937. Thanks to these conditions, the
demagogues had a free hand. Human
liberty is perhaps on the point of expir-
ing in more than one part of old Europe.
Let us keep 1t here. In the end 1t will
resume its place in the rest of the world.
1t will be the lighthouse in the night.
Evening star., 1945-09-04

Of the Murray Wagner so-called full
employment" bill. There is no lack of
support for the objective of full en-
ployment,' but there is a great public
distaste for the New Deal specific of
Government borrowing and spending,
which is the root of the Murray Wagner
plan. At best, just ordinary citizens
seem to feel, legislation in this line i'm
mediately is superf1uity, and at worst
1t might prove serious damper to re-
covery by the free enterprise" process
First, it is contended, the latter
method should be given an absolutely
unhampered try at the job. If 1t should
fail, there still will be time enough for
legislators to hold postmortem over
its corpse.
An American State Department Of
hcial, met as he arrived by airplane
from London, supplied the thought that
the rest of the world is watching to see
how the United States accomplishes Its
reconversion task. British consterna-
tion over ending Of lease-lend, he said.
was not due half so much to this action
per Sc. as to the swift removal of Amer
lean Government controls which, along
with the other measures of the Truman
administration in the same line, it
heralded.
What the British really wanted, this
man said, was an economic partnership
with the United States by which world
trade Of all sorts would be divided up
President Trrman's actions completely
exploded this hope. The British sud
denly realized that the United States,
so far as trade is concerned, Is going
the road Of unbridled competition-the
very last thing that the economists Of
Threadneedle street desired.
Ever since World War I international
commerce more and more has become a
business Of deals between governments
or corporate cartelizations. II the
United States now takes the lead in re-
versing this pattern-both at home and
abroad-and makes good, it may pro-
duce an economic revolution as signifi-
cant as that which Britain herself
sparked following the Napoleonic wars
Of century and quarter ago.
Evening star., 1945-09-04
This Changing World
By Constantine Bro,cn

Minister Max Hamilton has returned
to washington from Helsinki, Finland,
where he represented the State De-
partment as political observer for the
last six months. His return is linked
with the reports in responsible Official
quarters that he has been selected to
go to Japan as political adviser to Gen.
Macarthur.
In quarters close to the White House
and the State Department it was orig
inally believed that this responsible po-
sition would be intrusted to former
Undersecretary of State Joseph C. Grew.
Mr.. Crews sudden resignation two
weeks ago was believed by some of his
friends to have been prompted by his
desire to go back to the Far East and
help Gen. Macarthur in the political
problems he will encounter as supreme
commander of the Allied forces.
1t now appears that the health of
the former Ambassador to Tokyo will
not permit him to accept any new public
office. Moreover, it is pointed out in
some diplomatic quarters that Mr. Grew
himself hesitated about returning to
Japan under existing circumstances. He
might have found it difficult to ignore
the Emperor and the government of
country in which he previously spent
several years as the personal represent
ative of the President of the United
States.
Max Hamilton has no such past ties.
He is an "old hand" on Far Eastern
affairs. From 1881 to 1887 he was as
sistant chief of the Far Eastern Division
under DR.. Stanley Hornbeck, new
American Ambassador to The Hague.
When DR.. Hornbeck was elevated to the
position of adviser to the Secretary Of
State on Far Eastern affairs. Mr.. Hamil-
ton became the chief of that division.
Later, because of major differences OF
opinion regarding the policy of appease-
ment of Japan, he was transferred and
in 1943 was sent to Moscow as Counsel
lor of Embassy, where he remained until
the end of 1914.
After the surrender of Finland he was
given the rank of minister and was sent
to Helsinki last spring as a political
observer. In his reports to the State
Department he emphasized that Fin
land had become qualified to resume
diplomatic relations with the United
States
Gen. Macarthur has agreed that a
Evening star., 1945-09-04
Keeping the Emperor

AS the surrender of Japan moves
quickly and efficiently into it's final
stages, there must be-or at least
there ought to be-some red faces
among that group of liberal" think
ers who were so extreme in their
criticism of former Undersecretary
of State Grew and others who urged
that the capitulating Japanese be
permitted to keep their Emperor.
The earnestness of those who were
insisting that the Emperor must go
may be conceded. But they cannot
be credited with great wisdom, for
as we watch the smooth progress of
American forces into Tokyo, and
contrast this with the bloodshed
that certainly would have attended
a forcible entry, it seems almost in
credible that this matter was the
subject of heated debate only few
days ago.
All information from Japan leads
to the conclusion that the will of
the Emperor is the greatest and per-
haps the only source of order in that
beaten country. When he COM
manded surrender, his people, who
had been told up to the last hour
that Japan was winning the war,
obeyed unquestioningly, and the
efforts of fanatics to incite revolt
were productive of but one trivial
incident when an antiaircraft bat
terry fired few shots at an incoming
American plane.
We cannot be certain, of course,
that this will last, nor that the EN-
peror will prove to be a continuing
asset in the occupation and recon-
Struction of Japan. But he has
served well the purpose for which
he was retained, and if in time he
should contribute to a rebirth of
militarism in Japan the fault will
not be his so much as it will be ours,
for we have the means to prevent
that if we will only make up our
minds to employ them.
Evening star., 1945-09-04
First School Doy

Mr.. Shakespeare was only par
TALLY correct in his famous descrip-
tion of very young man on his
way to school. All schoolboys do not
go unwillingly when it's time for
teacher to ring the bell for the first
day of the new term. Most boys and
girls in spite of some expected talk
to the contrary look forward to the
organized routine of working and
playing together.
There Is something about it-when
1t comes time for the public school
to open. The little one-room build
ing at the crossroads is one of the
bulwarks of great nation. Each
summer the building is cleaned. It
may be new coat of paint has been
put on. Perhaps there will be a new
blackboard. Cords of good solid oak,
ash and hickory have been stored
to keep the big, round stove hot
during the cold months. 1t is hum
BILE, unpretentious place, with it's cid
battered desks, teachers desk on a
low platform, rows of hooks in the
entry for coats and hats, and the
shelf where farm boys and girls
place their lunch boxes until the
hands of the old clock point to
twelve.
Teacher has to handle all eight
grades, but she knows the strengths
and weaknesses of each boy and girl
as teachers in big city schools never
get to know their children. Older
pupils help the little tots. And big
boys know that If they get their
lessons, there will be a chance to
keep the water pail filled and to
tend the fire in the stove. Strange
how much time young man
can use in attending to these tasks,
and many a father and mother who
have trouble in keeping the woodbox
behind the kitchen stove filled are
mildly amazed to hear that Johnny
Is such a good fireman at school.
1t is time for school bells to ring
again. Along the country roads boys