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The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1945-02-15
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The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1945-02-15

This type Of fighting is always in
small groups, so let's take as an
example one company of men. Let's
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1945-02-15
Agriculture
In the News
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The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1945-02-15
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The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1945-02-15
Ernie Pyle's Slant on the War:
III JOO COOUItI III UIO ""'
Hedgerow Fighting Made
New Type of War Heroes
Barriers Used Successfully by
Maxi War Machine on Western Front
BY Ernie Pyle

Editors Motel: This dispatch ,casn rinen and first published ,phen Pyle
us With the els at the Western 'front.' He is O lis uy to cover the boys
in the Pacific ror zones.
ON THE WESTERN 'FRONT.' know that all of us cor
respondents have tried time and again to describe to you
what this weird hedgerow fighting in northwestern France
has been like.
But I'm going to go over it once more, for we've been in it
two months and some of us feel that this is the two months
that broke the German army in the West.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1945-02-15
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The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1945-02-15

p e p A r T M e N r
AGENTS WANTED

LADY WANTED in every community. both
necessities to her neighbors. Our line in.
cludes such scarce items as cheese and
laundry soap. Liberal commission. General
Products Company (U-3). Albany. Georgia.
The Hardin tribune-herald. [volume] (Hardin, Mont.) 1925-1973, 1945-02-15

One afternoon we drove in our
jeep into a country like that. The
little rural villages Of gray stone
we-e demolished - heartbreaking
heaps Of still smoking rubble.
Evening star., 1945-09-02
Annapolis Crash Kills
Girl, Injuries Middies
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
ANNAPOLIS, Md, Sept. Il A
girl. 16, was killed tonight, and her
sister and two Naval Academy mid
shipmen were injured when the
automobile in which they were rid
ing left the old Annapolis road,
about miles north of Annapolis,
and ran into bank, Eastport police
reported.
They were taken to the Annapolis
Emergency Hospital, where Eastport
police identified them as Elizabeth
Hagood. 16, dead, daughter of Will
liam K. Hagood, dairy farmer; Ruby
Hagood. 20, her sister, who suffered
compound fractures of an arm and
leg; Midshipman &c James 1. Mel
lencamp. 10. Mount Pleasant, Mich,
in a serious condition with crushed
chest and other injuries, and Mid
shipman sc John Killeen, 10, of
New London, Conn, who suffered
head and body injuries.
DR.. John Claffee, Anne Arundel
County medical examiner, was in
vestigating.
Evening star., 1945-09-02
Troinin9 Continued
Despite End Of War,
Need for Doctors
BY MIRIAM GUTENBERG.

While civilians, particularly
veterans, have been urged to
enroll in medical schools this
fail, only a limited number have
been able to do so because the
Army and Navy have enrolled
more than 1000 Servicemen as
first-year medical students de-
spite the wars end and the
prospect of keeping them in
school only one semester, it was
learned last night.
The Navy announced late yester-
day that the liquidation of it's Viz
training program. would start No
vember l but 1,500 Via students
entering medical and dental schools
this fall will go to school for one
term. @ .a
No Breakdown by Navy.
The Navy did not say how many
were destined for dental and how
many for medical schools although
it was believed the majority were
(See VETERANS, Page A-5.l
Evening star., 1945-09-02
Wainwright Given Place
Of Honor by Macarthur
Gen. MocArthur's Text
Supreme Commander Promises to Fulfill
Responsibilities Given Him by Allies

U. S. S. MISSOURI, TOKYO
BAY. Sunday, Sept. 2.-The tert
OF Gen. MacArthur's remarks as
supreme Allied commander at the
Japan surrender ceremony.
We are gathered here, repre-
sentative of the major warning
powers, to conclude a solemn
agreement whereby peace may be
restored. The issues, involving
divergent ideals and. ideologies,
have been determined on the
battlefields of the world and
hence are not for our discussion
or debate. Nor is it for us here
to meet, representing as we do a
majority of the peoples of the
earth, in a spirit of distrust,
malice or hatred. But rather it
is for us, both victors and van
quished, to rise to that higher
dignity which alone benefits the
sacred purposes We are about to
serve, committing all of our peo-
Piles unreservedly to faithful
compliance with the undertak-
ings they are here formally to
assume.
1t is my earnest hope and in
deed the hope of all mankind
that from this solemn occasion
better world shall emerge out
of the blood and carnage of the
pasta world founded upon faith
and understanding "a world
dedicated to the dignity of man
and the fulfillment of his most
cherished wish-for freedom toll
erance and justice.
The terms and conditions upon
which surrender of the Japanese
imperial forces is here to be
given and accepted are contained
in the instrument of surrender
now before yolI
Evening star., 1945-09-02
Hong Kong Placed
Under Army Rule
By the Associated Press


The Hong Kong radio broadcast
yesterday a proclamation by Rear
Admiral Cecil Harcourt of the Brit.
ish Royal Navy establishing mill.
tary administration for the British
crown colony of Hong Kong and
revoking all orders issued by the
Japanese during the occupation.
GA dispatch from a Canadian
Press correspondent at Hong
Kong to the Associated Press said
parties from two British cruisers
had landed in the naval dock
area of Hong Kong and other
ships were standing by.)
Admiral Harcourt declared that
the action was taken "by reason of
military necessity for the prevention
of disorder and maintenance of
public safety" pending restoration
of the civil government,
Il hereby assume for myself and
for my successors all judicial, leg
islative, executive and administra- =
tive powers and responsibilities, and
exclusive jurisdiction over all per-
sons and property throughout the
colony of Hong Kong" Admiral
Harcourt said in the proclamation
broadcast, recorded by the FEC
The proclamation stipulated that
all laws prior to the Japanese occu-
patton would be respected and ad.
miniStered.
Evening star., 1945-09-02
(See DRAFT, Page Asa
More Than ~ Million. Shifted
Homes in y. S. During War

ure IS only partial measure of
total population movement during
this period. Persons who had moved
and returned to their 194l residence
by March, 1945, were not counted
as migrants.
Many Of the wartime civilian mi
grants moved long distances. About
1890 600 crossed State lines. About
$500, 900 migrated from one to an
other Of the three major regions !:
The North, the South, the West.
Long distance migration was pre-
dominantly Westward. Between 1g4i
and 1945 the West made net gain
Of about ZOO 600 In civilian popu-
lAtion In the exchange Of migrants
with other regions. The South lost
about Doc, 600 and the North about
100000.
Evening star., 1945-09-02
District Enjoys Quiet Holiday;
Exodus May Have Set Record
Most Of Weekend Travellers Head North;
Influx Of Sightseers Is Under Expectations

The District last night was en-
joying one of the quietest holi-
day week ends in it's history fol-
lowing the mass exodus of thou
sands of Washingtonians by
train, bus and automobile to
celebrate their first Labor Day
week end off since the Jap at
tack on Pearl Harbor.
The scene at Union Station and
the bus terminals Yesterday gave
the impression the city's entire pop
ulation was getting out of town. BY
late yesterday Union Station was a
swarming mass of humanity as the
outbound holiday traffic. which be-
gan late Friday reached a climax.
The bus terminals we're no less
crowded ,-.-
Union Station officials said 1t was
Evening star., 1945-09-02
Tokyo Cabinet Sets
January N-31 for
General Elections
Diet Will Be Summoned
In December to Revise
Nations Voting Laws
RY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
The japanese cabinet decided
today a general election will be
held in Japan January 20 to 81,
and the Tokyo newspaper Yo-
miuri Hochi urged spontaneous
and vigorous action" toward
forming a democratic govern
ment.
Tokyo radio broadcasts, heard by
the FEC, reported the cabinets elec-
ton decision. 1t said the govern
ment would summon the National
Diet to an extraordinary session
early in December to revise Japan's
election laws, and nation wide
census probably would start Novem-
ber l.
The Yomiuri reported that the
japanese people were breathing
sigh of relief because their fears
of possible disturbances with the
entry of Allied occupation forces
have thus far not materialized.
Allied occupation forces will start
landing at Singapore soon after the
formal signing of the surrender to-
day, Tokyo radio said.
Yanks to Occupy Korea.
A japanese communique said the
United States oath Army" would
occupy the Keijo area of Korea on
September 7. The reference ap-
parently was intended to be to the
Oath Army Corps, part of the 10th
United States Army, which is schsd-
uled under Allied plans to occupy
Southern Korea.
Yomiuri's editorial called on the
Japanese to prepare themselves for
democratic government, pointing
out the duration of Allied occupation
of Japan will depend upon the speed
of political rebirth.
THE basis of modern society is
democracy" the paper said. With
out a change in the peoples spirit
and adequate training, democracy
cannot be established"
In a broadcast beamed to Asia,
Tokyo radio said the Japan Gull
tural Patriotic Association, one of
(See Jap M ,ECTTON Paoe Az
Evening star., 1945-09-02
By w. H. SHIPPEN, Jr.,
Star War Correspondent.

ABROAD u. S. S. MISSOURI,
Tokyo Bay, Sept. 2.-The formal sur
render of Japan was a brilliant, flaw
less spectacle today under the mighty
guns of this fighting hunk of steel
which had been dedicated to the de-
feat OF the Japanese Empire by
President Truman and his daughter.
The decks, turrets and superstruc-
lures were banked with sailor whites
and Army suntans when the de-
feated Japs were piped over the side
at 8:55 a.l11., Tokyo time.
The topmost flag noating proudly
over the Japanese surrender on this
Evening star., 1945-09-02
By the. Associateei Press.

BY the ASSocfateG PreSS. sFr4ttS
More than 27,00o,0 900 Americans
left their homes as civilian migrants
or as members Of the armed serv-
ices from December, 1s4l. to March,
1945.
The figure for civilian migrants
alone was estimated at 15, SOC, 600
by the Census Bureau which COM
mented::
Never before in the history of
our country has there been SO great
a shutting and redistribution Of
population In so short q time.
Estimates show that in March
more than II per cent Of the Ma
tion's civilian population was living
outside It's home counties OF De-
cenber Z, 1871.
The Budget Bureau says this ng-
Evening star., 1945-09-02

possible the crowds were the largest
since before the war, but added it
would not be possible to make an
accurate report until the ticket sales
are tabulated.
I've never seen anything like 1t
and I've been here six years. sta
ton clerk remarked. Thousands
Of would-be travellers reluctantly
turned homeward after failing te
get accommodations.
Greyhound Bus Terminal spokes-
man said this looks like a new
record for us" as they surveyed the
milling crowds jamming the ter
minal.
The influx of out-of town visitors
was not as great as transportation
officials had expected. While incom
Evening star., 1945-09-02
Navy Now Expects
To Release S65,O0O
BY End Of 1945
Sets Next September |
As DeudIine for
Full Demobilizution

The Navy announced last night
it expects to release approx
mately $4,000 officers and 100000
enlisted personnel by the end of
1945-more than 212 times the
number the service said earlier
this month would be eligible for
release by December under it's
point system.
The Navys goal for complete de-
mobilization to peacetime strength
was set at September l, 1946. The
schedule for release provides for
discharge of approximately 5000, 900
officers and men. This figure may
be reduced, the Navy explained, by
transfers to the regular Navy.
No Official Explanation.
No official explanation was forth
coming on why the Navy now found
twice as many men eligible for dis
charge this year, but it was assumed
that the Navy is figuring on the
basis of giving credit for overseas
service.
The Navy estimated two weeks
ago that $4,000 officers and men
would be Immediately eligible for
release under its point system and
that they would be out of the service
by December Is.
No change has been made in the
point system since then, but last
week Secretary of the Navy For
restal announced that within a
month overseas service would be
counted toward the discharge score.
Planned Releases by Months.
The Navy made public its planned
schedule of releases by months, ex-
planning it was subject to changes
as a result of unforeseen military
requirements and availability of
transportation.
Projected releases by months:
September. 1945, II 200 officers and
III, 900 enlisted personnel; October,
Evening star., 1945-09-02
Senate Finance Group Service Enro||ments
Expected 10 Rewrite Limit Veterans Entry
kilgore Bill This Week Into Medical Schools
Sentiment Is Growing
For Vondenbere Plan to
Stretch Benefit Period
By ]. A, O'LEARY

The Senate Finance Committee
probably will rewrite the Kilgore
emergency unemployment COM
pensation bill this week, retain
ing coverage for Federal en-
ployes and other unprotected
groups, but with some substitute
for the, plan to have. the Fed
|eral Government increase exist
ing State payments, up to a
maximum of $25 a week for 26
weeks.
After four days of hearings, senti-
ment in the committee appeared
last night to favor suggestion OF
Senator Vandenberg, Republican, OF
Michigan. He proposed that what
ever money the Federal Government
is prepared to spend be used to pay
the existing weekly rates for a
longer period, instead of increasing
the size of the allotments for 26
weeks, with no protection there
after, If reconversion fails to absorb
the idle workers by that time.
In the House Ways and Means
Committee, which also is conducting
hearings, the feeling against the $25-
for-26- weeks formula is said to be
even stronger than in the Senate
group.
Hearings to Continue.
The Senate Committee will con-
tinue its hearings tomorrow and
Tuesday, before closing its doors to
reach a decision, and the House
Committee will resume, its hearing
Tuesday.
Senator Taft, Republican of Ohio,
a member of the committee. indi-
tSee JOBLESS, Page A-5D
Evening star., 1945-09-02
Congressional Drive
To End DraftLoses
Steam, Poll Shows
Militory Affoirs Group
Finds Induction Must
Continue for While
BY the Associated Press

A poll of the House Military
Affairs Committee yesterday
showed that a campaign for i'm
mediate end of the draft has
lost its steam. .-
Fourteen committee members told
a reporter they believed selective
service will be allowed to continue,
at least for few months.
Likewise. they said it probably
will be necessary to continue in
Quoting 1S and 10 year olds.
Two Reasons for Draft.
Most of the committeeman said
they would like to see the draft
abolished or modified, but expressed
belief it must be kept for a while
for two reasons:
l. To guarantee the replacement
of veteran fighting men.
2. To insure an adequate num-
Der of occupation troops.
They added that demand prob
ably still will be raised on the
House and Senate floors for a
change in policy.
Their plan, however, is to keep
bottled up in committee any anti
draft legislation until it is seen
whether volunteer enlistments in
crease beyond expectations or the
need for occupation troops drops.
Volunteers May Get More.
In this connection, special sub
committee headed by Chairman May
speeded work yesterday on proposed
legislation designed to encourage
volunteering. 1t would provide added
financial inducements, with increas-
ed pay for overseas service one OF
the chief provisions.
It was learned that the legislation
also would wipe out temporarily any
limita ton on the size of the Regular
Army. Its present authorized
strength is $50 0,000..
1 Chairman May said after an ex-
ecutiye meeting Of a Military Affairs
subcommittee, that "we will have tc
GCoo nE AErT Dooo AZ
Evening star., 1945-09-02

AS supreme commander for the
Allied powers, I announce it my
firm purpose, in the tradition OF
the countries I represent, to pro-
ceed in the discharge of my
responsibilities with justice and
tolerance, while taking all neces-
sary dispositions to insure that
the terms OF surrender are fully,
promptly and faithfully complied
with.
now invite the representatives
of the Emperor of Japan and the
japanese government and the
japanese imperial headquarters
to sign the instrument of sur
render at the places indicated. :
The supreme commander for
the Allied powers will now sign
on behalf of the nations at war
with Japan.
The representatives of the
United States of America will
sign now.
The representative 81 the Re-
public of China will now sign.
The representative of the
United Kingdom will now sign.
The representative of the Union
of Soviet Socialist Republics will
now sign.
The representative of Australia
will now sign.
The representative of Canada
will now sign.
The representative Of France
will now sign.
The representative of Neither
lands will now sign.
The representative Of New
Zealand will now sign.
Let us pray that peace be now
restored to the world, and that
God viii preserve it always. These
proceedings are closed.
Evening star., 1945-09-02

and carnage of the past" Gen. Mac
Arthur said.
Signed on Long Table.
The historic signing took place
on a long table on the gallery deck.
Minutes later, from the White
House, where Japanese war lords
once asserted they would dictate
their own peace terms, President
Truman broadcast:
1--WE shall not forget Pearl Har-
Dor. The japanese militarists will
not forget the U. S. S. Missouri
The 45,000-ton Missouri, which
less than month ago was blasting
japanese war industries with her
16-inch guns, had those rifles
pointed skyward and her bow
pointed toward the heart of Japan
for the ceremony Flags of the
United States. the United Kingdom,
China and Russia fluttered. from
the spic veranda deck.
Once there was slight delay
when it appeared someone had
signed on the wrong line. Gen. Sir.
Thomas Blamey, representing Aus
tralia, signed the Japanese docu-
ment first-by error-then shrug-
(See SURRENDER, Page AL
Evening star., 1945-09-02
Foreign Minister
And General Are
7 okyo Signers
By the Associated Press.


U. S. S. MISSOURI, Tokyo Bay
Sunday, Sept. 1.-Two nervous
japanese formally and uncondi-
tionally surrendered all rem
nants of their smashed empire
to the Allies today, restoring
peace to- war-battered world.
Surrender hour was cool and
cloudy, but the sun broke through
the overcast 20 minutes later as Gen.
Macarthur intoned. These pro-
ceedings are closed"
Foreign Minister Mamoru Shige-
mitsu, who signed, for the japanese
government, doffed his top hat and
nervously fingered his fountain pen
before he firmly signed the two
copies of the surrender document
one for Japan, one for the Allies.
Shigemitsu penned his name in Eng
lish on one document.
Macarthur Uses Five Pens.
Gen. Yoshijiro Umezu, for the i'm
perial staff, also nervous, signed hur-
riedly; quickly stepped aside. A
japanese colonel wiped his eyes. All
of the japanese present were tense
and drawn.
Then Gen. Macarthur signed, de-
liberately, using five pens. The
first two-silver plated especially for
the occasion-he handed in turn to
1t. Gen. Jonathan NJ Wainwright
and to British Gen. Arthur Ernest
Percival, who were forced to sur
render Corregidor and Singapore,
respectively, in the wars darkest
hours.
Gems. Wainwright and Percival
smiled; saluted snappily. They had
been rescued only a few days ago
from japanese prisoner of war
camps.
1T is my earnest hope and in
deed the hope of all mankind that
from this solemn occasion better
world shall emerge out of the blood
Evening star., 1945-09-02
Liberated Prisoners
Tell Of '1igerish'
Attacks by Women
| Reports Fail to Show
Deliberate Nuzi-ScoIe
Mass determinations
BY the Associated Press


TOKYO BAY, Sunday, Sept. 2
Liberated Allied prisoners OF
war today recited more instances
of beatings, hunger and humilia-
tion-including tigerish attacks
by japanese women on helpless
f1yers-but there was no indica.
ton Of deliberate, German scale
mass determinations.
In the unregistered torture
farm" Ofuna Camp. near Yoko-
hama, brutality was common One
prisoner was openly beaten to death
by british guard known to the
prisoners only as "Kango Cho.
Seven died of malnutrition.
There was as yet no report on
how many had died from neglect
or worse in the hell hole" hospital
for Omori Camp prisoners.
Approximately 1900 Americans
British and Dutch remain in camps
in the Tokyo Yohama area, Comdr
Harold Stassen of Admiral Halsey' s
staff reported as he conferred with
Red Cross officials on evacuation
plans.
1,490 Put on Ships.
More than 1890 have beer
brought aboard United States Navy
hospital ships and transports in
Tokyo Bay.
officials estimated that $4,000
prisoners. including 5000 Ameri.
cans, were in camps in Japan. Many
thousands of others were held or
the Asiatic mainland. Formosa an6
the East Indies.
(The Netherlands East Indies
government, in report broad
cast by Australian radio August
Il. said $4,000 of all the Allied
prisoners in japanese hands had
died.)
Those brought aboard the Navy
ships were allowed to talk freely tc
correspondents. They told of months
of mistreatment, undernourishment
and general misery.
They represented but q handful
of the total but none told of any
(See PRISONERS, Page A-6.)