davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-09-27
Crow|ey's Resignation
Accepted by Truman

President Truman today accepted
the resignation OF Leo T. Crowley
as foreign economic administrator
and as a member Of the board of the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.
The resignation, announced yes
terday by Mr.. Crowley is effective
October Is. Mr.. Crowley holds
seven other Government Offices and
the White House said he also is
giving them up.
Mr.. Crowley came into Govern
ment service in the early days OF
the New Deal, when the FDIC was
set up, and in resigning he told the
President that there are now go 900, :
600 insured accounts in the Nations
banks.
The Federal Deposit Insurance
Corp. could liquidate today, reim-
burse the Government the money
1t invested plus a dividend of q
per cent and return every penny
OF the assessments the banks paid
the corporation" Mr.. Crowley wrote
the President. He said also that
since the inception of FDIC there
has been virtually no loss to any
depositor in an insured bank"
The President, accepting the resig-
nation, told Mr.. Crowley that he
could only say. well done"
Evening star., 1945-09-27
On the Roll of Honor


S/Sergt. Daniel J. Hanrahan, "a,
a linotype operator for The Star
before entering service, was liberated
from German prison camp April
20 and now is back in this country.
He formerly lived in the 1900 block
of Vermont ayerue NV, but now
resides temporarily in Hartford,
Conn. with his mother, Mrs. Ellen
Hanrahan.
Sergt. Hanrahan worked for The
Star from April, le42, until October
of that year when he entered the
Army Air Forces. He went overseas
on August 13, 1943, and was cap
tured October when a bomber on
which he was waist gunner was shot
down over Bremen.
He suffered burns on his face and
arms and an injury to his back, but
has recovered. He expects to return
to Washington when discharged
from service.
Pfc. Edward F. Hall. who lived al
455 Massachusetts avenue NV
before he enlisted in the Army priol
to Pearl Harbor, was reported by
the Army today as liberated from
the japanese. Mrs. Katherine Ge.
rome, listed as a friend of Pvt. Hall
who lives at the Massachusett,
avenue address, said he worked fol
a construction company here
Pfc. Leo Hofmeister, S07 Tenth
street NV. has been liberated from
japanese Imprisonment, the Wal
Department announced today. Pvt
Hofmeister is the son of Paul Hof.
meister. Government employe who
lives at the Tenth street address
Evening star., 1945-09-27
Bricker May Enter Race
For Burton's S Senate Seat
Hr the Associate ted Press

R- the Associated Press
BOSTON, Sept. 27.-Former Gov.
John w. Bricker of Ohio may be a
candidate for one of Ohio's seats in
the Senate in the November, 1916,
election.
The three-term Ohio chief excu-
tive, In Boston to attend the ma
tional conclave of 33d degree Scot
tish Rite Masons, said Il might" :"
when asked If he would seek the
Senate seat vacated by the appoint
ment Of Harold H. Burton to the
Supreme Court He said he would
make no decision until after the
Ohio municipal elections this fall.
MANSFIELD, Ohio, Sept. 27 (P.-
Louis Bromf1eld, the author farmer
has Joined the ranks Of those who
don't want to be United States Sen
ator from Ohio. He said yesterday
he was too busy with his own affairs
Mr.. Bromf1eld, who had been listed
among the possible candidates to
succeed Senator Burton, Republican,
added:
Il couldn't possibly take on any
extra duties. I couldn't consider the
Office even If 1t were offered to me,
which it hasn't been"
Earlier, former Gov. James M
Cox of Dayton, the newspaper pub
Usher, declined an appointment Of
fered by Gov. Frank J. Lausche,
and former Senator Robert j.
Bulkley OF Cleveland announced he
was not interested.
Evening star., 1945-09-27
Sti|weII's 10Th Army
Ordered Deactivated
s. the Associated Press,

g. the Associated Press.
TOKYO, Sept. 27.-The War De-
partment has ordered deactivation
Of the 10th Army, conqueror of
Okinawa, on the recommendation
of Gen. Macarthur, Allied head
quarters said today.
The Army has remained on duty
in the Ryukyu Island chain. COM
manded by Gen. Joseph w. Stilwell.
He succeeded 1t. Gen. Simon
Bolivar Buckner. jr, who was killed
in action near the close of the
Okinawa battle.
Gen. Stilwell and Brig. Gen.
Frank w. Merrill, leader of the
famed Merrill Mauraders in the
Burma road campaign and former
military attache in Tokyo, visited
Gen. Macarthur today. Headquar-
ters officers said both would return
soon to the United States for assign
ments not yet announced.
The command formerly occupied
by the 10th Army will be passed to
the Army Forces, Western Pacific.
Regular Army and low-point per-
sonnel of the 10th Army will be
assigned other duties in the Pacific.
The 43d Division, which was active
in the Philippines and now is part
of the 8th Army, is being reorgan-
lied, headquarters said. and, with
high point personnel from other
organizations, is scheduled to start
home early in October. A total Of
442 officers and 3,265 enlisted men
are to return.
Evening star., 1945-09-27
Court Denies Motion
OF Western Railroads
To End Antitrust Suit
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
LINCOLN, Nebr., Sept. 27.-Fed-
eral District Judge John w. Dele
hant today denied the motion of the
Western railroads to dismiss the
Governments antitrust suit against
them.
The suit, filed August %, 1914, al
legged conspiracy to restrain and mo-
nopolize trade in violation of pro-
visions of the Sherman Antitrust
Act Of 1880. 1t is one Of the largest
antitrust suits in history.
The railroads were charged with
discriminating against the area
west Of the Mississippi River in the
matter of rates, and with conspiring
to retard the development of the
trucking industry.
Today's ruling was on arguments
submitted at two-day hearing last
spring.
Forty-seven railroads operating
wholly or In part west Of the Mis-
sissippi River were made defendants
in the suit, along with SO individuals
and two New York banking houses
]. p. Morgan dS Co. and Kuhn. Loeb
g. Co.
The defendant carriers operate
1875 500 miles of track, approximately
go per cent of the total railroad mile.
age in the United States.
Evening star., 1945-09-27
House Group Favors
1,O79-Ship Navy

By the Associated Press.
The House Naval Affairs Commit
tee today voted unanimously in ia
vor of a postwar Navy having a
minimum of 1079 fighting ships.
If approved for House action next
week, the resolution expressed "the
sense of Congress" that the postwar
Navy should have not less than the
following:
Three large aircraft carriers mid
way type, approximately $4,000
tons).
Twenty four aircraft carriers
Essex type. approximately 27,000
tons.
Ten light carriers approximately
1000 tons).
Seventy-nine escort carriers.
Eighteen battleships
Three large cruisers, 81 heavy
cruisers, 48 light cruisers, 367 de-
stroyers, 296 destroyer escorts, 200
submarines and sufficient aircraft,
auxiliary vessels, mine vessels, patrol
vessels, landing craft, district craft
and drydocks to support the above
enumerated fleet"
The legislation has no binding
effect other than to express the
intention of Congress with respect
to the future Navy
Evening star., 1945-09-27

His most recent job has been to
check payments on contracts for
private instruction of Army and
Navy flyers.
During the years, Mr.. Lowery said,
his salary advanced from $500 a
year to more than $1,000. But the
best period. he recalled. was just
before the World War when he was
getting $1,000.
1.-The take home pay he said,
was about $50 a month. But the
grocery bills I used to check over
with my wife only came to SO or
SO a month, and the monthly rent
was only SIS.
II never had an extra dollar
from 1918 to 1884, when I rose to
$2,40o.'
Mr.. Lowery's only retirement
plans are to visit his brother in
Mississippi, when the pressure on
travel eases.
He has three sons, all of them
in flight service for the AAF.
Evening star., 1945-09-27
z Heroines Of Science
10 Be Fefed al Dinner
Marking Retirement

Two heroines of science who con-
tracted diseases while engaged in
vital research will be feted at q din
ner tomorrow night at. the Hotel
2400 on their retirement from the
National Institute of Health.
The two scientists whose contri-
buttons to medical knowledge are
world-famous are DR.. Alice Evans of
Heath, Va, and DR.. Ida Bengtson,
Harvard, Nebr.
Or. Evans identified undulant
fever In 1923 and contracted the
fever during the experiments.
Through her research, DR.. Evans
traced the disease to blooded goats
which had been imported to this
country from the Mediterranean
and found that Bangs disease in
cattle was caused by identical
germs. The United States Public
Health Service said recurrent at
tacks OF the fever had continued
until increasing disability forced her
retirement.
DR.. Bengtson was stricken with
endemic typhus while inoculating
rats for study purposes but recov-
cred fully. She prepared during
1856 the standard for gas gan.
creme toxins and antitoxins used by
the League Of Nations Health Com
mittee in Copenhagen, Denmark,
She also studied the virus OF tracho-
ma and contributed to the early
studies of food poisoning in canned
food. For the past 10 years she
has been studying rickettsial dis
eases.
Surg Gen. Thomas Parran and
more than 100 scientists will be
present at the dinner in their honor
which marks their formal retire.
ment from the work they started in
1915 and 1918.
DR.. L. R. Thompson, assistant
surgeon general, will speak on their
services to the National Institute
OF Health, and DR.. r. e. Dyer, di-
rector of the institute, will discuss
their scientific contributions. An
other speaker will be DR.. James P.
Leake, recently retired from the
Public Health Service.
Guests of honor will be Brig. Gen.
Stanhope Rayne Jones Of the
United States Typhus Commission.
and Mrs. Luke Wilson, who donated
81 acres of land on which the
service has its headquarters and
research buildings In Bethesda. DR..
Leland w. Parr of Georgetown UNI
versity will represent the Society
OF American Bacteriologists and Dr..
Sarah Rranham will preside AZ
toaStmistress.
Upon her retirement, DR.. Beng; .
son will live on her 35o-acre fruit
farm in Virginia. DR.. Evans said
she had no immediate plans for the
i future.
Evening star., 1945-09-27
Five New Polio Cases Listed
In District and Nearby

Five new cases Of infantile
paralysis were reported by the
Health Department today. AL except
one Of the cases have been in hos
pitals under observation.
Today's report brings the total
number of District cases for the
year to 100.
The new cases reported are a
17-year-old boy from the 100 block
of s street NE, at Gallinger Hos
pital; 39-year-old man from the
1900 block Of Floral street NV, ct
Gallinger; 17-year-old boy from
Berwyn. Md, at Gallinger; Z IL
year-old boy from Chevy Chase, Md.
at Gallinger. and . 3-year-old boy
from Alexandra. Va. at Walter
Reed.
Evening star., 1945-09-27
Small Room in Silver Spring
Was Center of Radio Fuse Work
Auto Sales Building
Used by Scientists
To Plan Research
By CARTER BROOKE JONES.

In building at 1921 Georgia ave-
nue., Silver Spring, Md, there's a
small room, almost a cubbyhole,
which is bare except for the center
table that nearly fills it, and chairs
and blackboard. It's a cramped
room.
Here the top conferences were
held throughout the war on what
was known as Project A-the radio
proximity fuse-which has been de-
scribed as second only to the atomic
bomb IN winning the war.
The building once was used by an
automobile dealer. It became an
adjunct of the Johns Hopkins
Laboratory when that institution
took responsibility for developing
the secret weapon which Germany
gave up as impossible. Here, 1t is
revealed for the first time, the main
research went on under the direc-
ton, first of the Navy, then of the
Army and Navy jointly, with the CO.
operation Of the Carnegie Instftu-
ton, a pioneer in the invention; the
Bureau of Standards and universities
and scientific laboratories through
out the country.
No one would have picked the bare
little room as the spot where some
of the country's leading scientists
met almost daily to talk over the
fuse. 1t would be hard to seat Is
persons there comfortably.
Cost $S0O,000,oO0.
In it, leading physicists, chemists,
biologists, even astronomers, who
could contribute to unravelling the
puzzle Of the fuse, plotted what be-
came project on which $500, 900 900
was spent-the fuse that gave anti
aircraft, field artillery, even rocket
bombs an accuracy so uncanny it
seemed to Germans and Japs almost
supernatural.
The scientists and technicians at
the laboratory wrestled with the
problem of making tiny glass radio
tube that would fit into projectiles
and remain undamaged until time
for the shells to explode.
The shells were manufactured at
many plants over the country. Sci
entists had to 60 to the plants and
supervise processes. They had to
follow the fuses on warships across
the Pacific or into the battlefields
of Italy, Normandy, France and
Germany, showing artillery officers
how they worked. Many Of these
Laboratory men were commissioned
Others remained civilians.
Puts Brain in Fuse.
Eventually there we're ITO fac
tories producing up to 10000 prox-
unity fuses a day. When the war
ended 10000 900 had been built.
In 1910, when the German air
force was dominating the skies of
Europe and Africa, antiaircraft was
a comparatively puny weapon. It
had to depend on the old-tinle bomb
device, in which a shell Is geared
to go OF within given number of
seconds.
IF you could put intelligence into
the fuse" as L. r. Hafstad of the
Carnegie Institution, vice chairman
Evening star., 1945-09-27
Truman to Keep Record
Intact by Attending Fair

President Truman is going to keep
unbroken his 12-year record Of
attending a celebrated county fair
in Southeast Missouri-at Caruthers-
vile, to be specific-Press Secretary
Charles G. Ross said today.
The President, travelling in his
personal plane, the Sacred Cow,
will leave here on Saturday, October
6, and fly to Blythesville, Ark, near
Charlottesville. He then will pro-
ceed by motor to the fair. He will
remain in Charlottesville until Mon
day morning and then fly back to
the Capital.
Mr.. Truman had almost given up
any idea of attending the fair this
year, as he indicated at his press
conference yesterday, but he finally
decided he could make it.
The trip will not prevent his being
in Washington for the Nimitz day
observance October 5.
Evening star., 1945-09-27
Restoration of Relations
Noted by Soviet Papers

MOSCOW, Sept. n lP.-Soviet
newspapers today carried on inside
pages the announcement of restora-
ton of diplomatic relations with
Hungary.
The account said: In a statement
1t was pointed out that this decision
of the Soviet government was un-
dertaken taking into consideration
the assistance given by Hungary
toward the success of the struggle
against Hitler Germany, and the
loyal fulf1llment of the armistice
agreement by Hungary"
Evening star., 1945-09-27
$1,000 Troops Due
In u. 5. Today From
Europe and Pacific
By the Associated Press.

By the Associat5G Press.
About $1,000 American troop.
from the Pacific and European
theaters are scheduled to arrive ir
the United States today aboard 2,
vessels docking at East and West
Coast ports.
More than $500 will debark al
Newport News, Va, from six ships
1000 at Boston from four ships anc
about 1000 at New York from five
ships.
Thirteen naval and merchant yes.
sells will bring 5000 Pacific vet.
Grams into San Francisco.
Ships and units arriving:
At New York-(Aboard John Ser
geant), 822 troops, no designations
given. (Aboard Nathan B. Forrest
from Calcutta), IS miscellaneous
troops. (Aboard Atenus from LIE
Havre), % miscellaneous troops
(Aboard George Chaffey), 81 mis-
cellaneous troops. (Aboard Mach
man Syrkin, is miscellaneous
troops.
At Boston tAboard Matthew
MaNry) 713 miscellaneous personnel.
(Aboard Josiah Bartlett) 753 un-
specified troops (Aboard La Grande
Victory 1856 troops, including the
following 253d Infantry Regiment
units: Antitank Company, Head
quarters and Headquarters Company
and Sd Battalion; 718th Field Artil.
lery Battalion with medics; 63d Cav.
airy reconnaissance troops (mech.
anized; postal detachments of the
5tk Armored and 106th Infantry DI.
visions; casual detachment, Fielo
Artillery School liaison pilot person.
mel. (Aboard Ambrose Burnside)
744 troops, including 95th Infantry
Division replacement detachment
and miscellaneous personnel.
At Newport News-(Aboard C
Long and w. Seale) So miscellaneous
troops. (Aboard Sea Snipe) 1881
troops, including 799th Ordnance
Light Maintenance Company, 359tr
Infantry, 1st and I'd Battalions ano
324th Medical Battalion. (Aboaro
William c. Graham and John Mer-
ricD 784 miscellaneous troops
(Aboard Cristobal from Marseille)
1884 troops, including Headquarters
9sth Infantry, Goth Quartermaster
Company, 370th, 371st and 924th
Field Artillery Battalions; 324th En-
gineer Sea Battalion, Headquarters
and Headquarters Detachment 530th
Quartermaster Group. 321st Medical
Company Military Police, Headquar-
ters and Headquarters Company
593d Quartermaster Battalion; 463d
Quartermaster Bakery, 533d Port
Company.
At San Francisco-(A Mat
sonia) 2,907 passengers, including
1,040 civilians. (Aboard carrier
Thetis Bay 719 Navy personnel
fAboard carrier Admiralty Islands)
TAG Navy personnel Ten other ships
due to arrive carrying l to 80 men
each.
Evening star., 1945-09-27

"A UdllVe OF
Mississippi, Mr..
Lowery came to
w a S hington to
enter the GAO
in 1899. At that
time, he recalled,
G o v e rn ment
e x p e n ditures
amounted a to lit
tie more than
IS 0 90 o 90 90 a
year. Now they
are 200 times
that. His first
assignment a was
to audit postal
m o n e y orders.
Evening star., 1945-09-27

of research, explained it to the press,
so that it would tip off the shell
when plane was nearby, you would
have a highly accurate weapon"
This radio fuse did it. 1t sends out
beams, which are reflected back by
any approaching plane and sets up
an impulse which eXplodes the shell
at the right time-if the range
finder is working with approximate
accuracy. Field artillery shells are
equipped with the proximity fuse
explode when reaching an angle
close to the ground-close enough
to hit troops.
The fuse was used firstsby the
Navy in January, 1943, against
Japanese planes-with devastating
effect. 1t first was employed on land
last December when it was hurled
at the Germans in the Battle of the
Bulge. Some experts think it won
that battle and brought on the end
OF the European war.
The basic work on the device
known as the VT fuse, before the
Johns Hopkins laboratory at Silver
Spring was set up in 1912, was done
at the department of terrestrial
magnetism at the Carnegie Institu-
ton, under DR.. J. A. Fleming, di-
rector, with DR.. NJ A. Tuve in
charge of technical work. DR.. Tuve
headed the Silver Spring research.
A wind-driven generator to use on
the fuse in jet-propelled rocket
weapons was developed at the Bu-
reau of Standards.
Present at the press conference in
the bare little room were, in addi-
ton to DR.. Hafstad, DR.. Robert o.
Herman, physicist of the College of
the City of New York, DR.. E. p. Nc
Alister. Smithsonian physicist; DR.
Luke Hopkins, Baltimore banker
and member Of the board of trustees
of the John Hopkins. business man.
ager; Capt. j. T. Teas, U. S. A.,
chemical engineer, and Albert
Hynek, astronomer. OF Ohio State
University.
Evening star., 1945-09-27
US. Recognition0 0ffeI
Reported Accepted
By Hungarian Chief
BY the Associated Press.

BUDAPEST, Sept. 26 Delaye6 -
Premier Gen. Bella Miklos late to-
day accepted an American proposal
to recognize his government in the
form Of an offer to negotiate peace
treaty, it was learned from a reliable
source.
The American offer was reported
to have been made last Saturday.
two days ahead of a recognition Of
fer by the Soviet Union, in note
handed to Foreign Minister Janos
Gyongyosyi by Arthur Schoenfeld,
heading the American diplomatic
mission in Hungary.
Voroshilov Asks Delay.
Although the move was understood
to have followed conferences on a
high level, Marshal Klementi Voro-
shilov, Russian occupation chief
here, apparently was not aware of it
until Sunday. Gen. Mikios was to
have held a cabinet meeting Mon
day to consider the American offer,
it was learned, but Marshal Vorcshi-
low asked him to postpone it until he
could communicate with Moscow.
Hondon dispatches yesterday
said 1t was learned that the
United States was preparing to
recognize Hungary. Such move
would eliminate one of the diff
culties in the way of an under
standing between the Soviet
Union and the western Allies
on Balkan affairs. American Of
flcials in London were quoted as
saying they were going ahead of
the British in their attitude
toward Hungary At last reports
the British view seemed to be
the same: That the Hungarian
government Is not representa-
tive)
Gen. Miklos was reported to have
reported to have insisted holding
his cabinet. meeting Tuesday. In
the middle of it Marshal Voroshi-
low appeared, it was reported and
presented Moscow's offer, which
would extend immediate diplomatic
recognition. 1t was believed the
Russians planned to discuss the
terms of the Forthcoming peace
treaty later.
No Change in British Policy.
The American offer, it was said
provided for discussion of a peace
treaty, with re-establishment of
diplomatic relations as part of the
treaty terms.
So far as the British diplomatic
mission in Budapest was aware
there has been no change in the
announced British policy of re-
garding the present Hungarian
government unrepresentative.
AS a result of Marshal Voroshi-
lows representations. the cabinet
announced the Russian offer and
its acceptance first. For that rea-
son today's Budapest papers car
ried only a hint that American
recognition was in the offing.
Gen. Miklos late today acknowl-
edged the American offer with a
note to Mr. Schoenfeld expressing
his happiness and representing Hun
gary as willing to abide by the terms
Of Yalta and other Big Three con-
ference programs.
The American move has cleared
the way for the forthcoming Hun
garian elections, announced for No
vember.
Evening star., 1945-09-27
". R. Lowery Retires;
In GAO 46 Years

William R. Lowery, Gil Fourteenth
street Sc, will retire from his post
in the General Accounting Office
tomorrow, after 46 years of service.
Evening star., 1945-09-27
Killed

Svend John Rasmussen, motor
machinist's mate 1/c. U. S. NJ, son
Of Mrs. Joseph I. LANCER, 1853 Bel
mont street NV. who had been
reported missing in the Pacific since
June 4, 1943, has been declared dead
by the Navy Department., an official
announcement revealed today.
Overseas since April, 1912. on sub
marine duty, the 33-year-old District
native enlisted in the Navy in 1929
He attended Tech High School and
school in Baltimore. Mr.. Ras-
mussen's widow is stationed at
Portsmouth, Va, with the WAVES.
1t. John Paul Hayward, U. S. N. R.,
whose widow, Mrs. Dorothy B. Hay
ward, lives at 1884 North Nineteenth
street, Arlington, was included in
today's Navy Department list of men
killed. The story appeared in The
Star on September 18 after the
next of kin had been notified.
Evening star., 1945-09-27
II D. c. Men to Report
For Induction Today

Seventeen District men are sched-
uled to report for induction into the
armed forces today. Names OF the
men follow.
Evening star., 1945-09-27

The first post cards in the United
States we're issued in 1873.
Evening star., 1945-09-27
Wounded

Raymond F. Watson. 10. gunner's
mate sc. was wounded shortly be-
fore the end of the war in the
Pacific when the destroyer escort he
was aboard was hit by Jap fire,
according to a letter received from
him by his sister, Mrs. Alice Grimes,
1882 Pennsylvania avenue Sc.
Mr.. Watson wrote that he is re-
covering from his wounds in the
Navy hospital at Guam. A grad
uate of Hine Junior High School,
he made his home with his sister
before entering the service.