davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-04-05
laps Slow Americans
Driving Toward Naha
Capital Of 0kinawa
Marines Pushing North
Goin ; to 5 Miles;
Civilians Surrender
BY the Associated Press.

GUAM, April 5.-American
Army units driving toward the
Okinawa Island capital of Naha
have been slowed by stiffening
japanese resistance, while Ma
rines on the north side of the
American wedge worked forward
from 3 to 5 miles virtually I'M
opposed.
Heavy artillery and mortar fire
from well-organized Japanese units
yesterday put the brakes on the oath
Corps drive toward Naha. limited
gains on the southwestern coast to
1000 yards, and stopped the 7th Di-
vision push on the southeast coast
after an advance of only 500 wards.
The oath Corps units were within
5000 yards of Machinato airstrip
and miles from Naha. The SOUTH
east drive reached the vicinity of
Nakagusuku after overrunning sew
eral entertainments and fortified
points
Northern Forces Gain.
Marine Sd Amphibious Corps
forces continued rapid extension OF
their northern lines for distances of
from to miles, then took a brief
respite to avoid overextension of
communications and supplies.
Yank forces now control more
than 80 square miles, or one-sixth
OF the island, and the operational
timetable has had to be completely
revised, Maj. Gen. Roy S. Geiger
Marine commander, said today.
He envisioned sitter fighting when
Army units meet japanese forces on
the southern line before Naha and
the airdrome, largest in the Ryukyu
chain.
Wherever the japanese. choose to
stand they can be hit with the
greatest American artillery force
ever employed in Pacific operation
Concentrations 'ShelIed.
Today's communique from Admiral
Chester w. Nimitz reported CON
centrations' of japanese troops and
vehicles in the southern end OF
Okinawa had been shelled by war
ships and bombed by carrier planes
This was the first official report
of observation of japanese troops in
any strength since the campaign
began Easter morning.
Robin Coons, Associated Press
(See OKINAWA, Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1945-04-05

Gen. Eisenhower has advised
President Roosevelt that he does
not look for a "clean-cut mill
tary surrender" of the German
forces, but, rather. a degenera-
ton of Nazi opposition into
guerrilla warfare. it was dis
closed today, when the White
House made public a letter from
the supreme Allied commander.
Writing under date of March 81,
Gen. Eisenhower said that, of course,
if the government of Germany or
any group that might take control
would make a national surrender,
then all armed bodies remaining in
the field would, in my opinion, no
Evening star., 1945-04-05

formed" and the choice fell on the
aged Suzuki after the Emperor had
consulted the elder statesmen OF the
empire.
Suzuki had been in semiretire-
ment for eight years before his ap-
pointment as president of the Prlvy
Council last August 10.
In preWar years Admiral Su-
lSee JAP CABINET, Page A-3D
Evening star., 1945-04-05
Soviet Forces Pourinq
Across Danube 10 Join
Assault on Vienna
Germans Report Russians
Already Are Fighting
In Outskirts of City
BY the Associated Press


LONDON, April 5.-The Rus
slams have fought into Greater
Vienna" the Germans reported
today, and Moscow dispatches
said Russian forces were pour
ing over the Danube between
captured Bratislava and the
Austrian capital to join in the
assault.
The Russians were battling to en-
circle the capital of Austria. which
Hitler Incorporated into Germany in
1888. While some forces fought to
draw lines to the northeast of the
capital, others battled to cross the
maze of rivers and railways and
attack from the southwest.
Already, Moscow dispatches said,
they had captured two secondary
airfieldS, one a few miles east of
Baden, and the SchWechat Field
just south of Vienna, while third,
zwoelfaxing Field, just southeast
of the city, was under fire.
Tank Battles in Suburbs.
Great tank battles were being
fought in the suburbs of Vienna, a
city of 100000, Moscow said. The
famous deer park had been con-
verted by the Germans into an ar
tillery position from which heavy
barrages fell on Russian ranks.
Although one Moscow newspaper
said high Nazis were evacuating
the city, most Soviet advices indi-
Gated that the Germans were de-
termined to fight in Vienna as they
fought in Budapest
(The Vatican newspaper Os-
servatore Rom ano Yesterday
urged that Vienna be spared
from destructive warfare, saying
the artistically important sec
ton of the city, built up off shore
in a shallow lagoon. was separat-
ed by at least three miles from
any possible eventual battle
ground.)
King Tiger tanks and numerous
types of elf-propelled weapons were
being rushed into the battle against
the Russians, Moscow reported.
Two Armies Linked.
Already across the Wierbach Riv-
er, southeast of Vienna, the I'd and
Sd Ukrainian Armies of Marshals
Rodion Malinovsky and Feodor Toll
bukhin fought shoulder to shoulder
against the German line along the
Liesing River, which runs from west
to east through the city's suburbs,
swinging just south of the deer park.
Zwoelfaxing, 11a miles from the
city limits, was captured yesterday,
Moscow announced.
Tank fights were taking place in
suburban Laae, Erlaa. Rodaun and
Inzersdorf, 4 miles from the center
of Vienna.
A heavy struggle was in full swing
" (Seo PTJSSTA pace AL
Evening star., 1945-04-05

multi billion dollar spending of the
Government in mid-April, 1889, sue
ceeding Daniel w. Bell, now Under
secretary of the Treasury.
In this post, the responsibilities
of which had been expanded greatly
under the Roosevelt administration
even before the United States
entered the era of 100000, 900 900
war budgets, Mr. Smith has earned
the respect of both Congress and
the executive departments, combin-
ing an enormous capacity for work
and thorough knowledge of the
activities of government, with easy
accessibility and a willingness to be
helpful whenever called on.
Mr. Smith is a native of Kansas,
where he was born in the farming
community of Haven on June 6,
1898. He went to high school in
Nickerson. 40 miles away, and on
week ends and in the summer put
in wagon tongues. repaired ma
chimes, half-soled shoes and built
barns. He partly worked his way
through Kansas University and was
graduated in 1922 with a bachelor IT
science degree in electrical engi-
neering
Goes to Michigan.
Then he went to the University
of Michigan 'on fellowship and
took masters degree in public ad-
ministration. For while Mr.. Smith
was with the Detroit Bureau of
Governmental Research, then went
to the Kansas Municipal League,
and he was learning about govern
ment at first hand when the offer
came in 1928 to be director of the
Michigan Municipal League.
1t was his work in the league,
which concerned itself with mod
ernization of city government pro-
cedure that brought Mr.. Smith to
the attention of the then Gov Muir
ply, and in 1887 he became State
budget director. He still was in this
position. where tops for a budget
was S200, 1000, 900, when the Federal
appointment was rendered.
Evening star., 1945-04-05
Eisenhower Will Probe Deaths
Of Nuzi Prisoners in Boxcurs

commander to designate an official
to participate in the investigation.
''The interim report which has
now been rendered" the headquar-
ters statement said. indicated the
deaths were caused by suffocation
resulting from insufficient ventila-
ton in some of the new American
type of boxcars used. aggravated by
the higher temperatures prevailing
at that date.
Prior to this a large number OF
prisoners of war had been trans
ported in the same type of cars
without i'll effects"
The statement said steps had been
taken to prevent recurrence and
that proper disciplinary action will
be taken with respect to those re-
sponsible for the deaths"
Evening star., 1945-04-05
Naming ofH.P. Nelson
For Auto Reconversion
Job Expected Today
Top WPB Officials Leove
For Detroit to Confer
With Industry Leaders
BY MALCOLM LAMBORNE. Jr.


Appointment of Henry P. Nell
son, 37-year-old director of the
War Production Boards aircraft
division, to supervise reconver-
sion of the Nations automobile
industry, now turning out NUM-
tions at the rate of $4,000 600, 600
annually, is expected to be an
nounced late today in Detroit.
Top WPB officials, headed by
Chairman j. A. Krug. and repre-
sentatives of the Army and Office
of War Mobilization and Recon-
version left Washington for Detroit
by plane this morning to confer
on reconversion and war production
with industry officials.
On Mr.. Nelson will fall the task
of directing the biggest single re-
conversion problem facing industry
labor and the Government after We
day.
Came Here in 1941.
On leave from the international
Harvester Co., Mr.. Nelson came to
Washington in Octc =, 1941, as an
assistant to Donald nI. Nelson in
WPB's predecessor, Office of Pro-
duction Management. Except for 8
one-week period, Mr.. Nelson has
been with the Government ever
since.
Mr.. Nelson has been a trouble
shooter in aircraft production ano
1See RECONVERSTON page AID )
Evening star., 1945-04-05
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
PARIS, April 5-Gen. Eisenhower
has ordered an immediate investi-
CATION into the death of an undis-
closed number of German prisoners
of war during their movement by
rail in the American zone of opera
tions March Is and 16.
An official Allied headquarters
statement today disclosed the
deaths. which occurred during move
ment from the forward area to
prisoner-of-wa camps in the rear,
and said Gen. Eisenhower had in
formed the German high command
of the incident and of steps taken
to insure q proper investigation.
The Swiss government as the pro-
tecting power for German interests
has been invited by the supreme
Evening star., 1945-04-05
| Dulles Will Serve
| As Adviser to u. S.
| Security Delegates

John Foster Dulles, New York
international lawyer and for
eign affairs adviser to Gov.
Thomas E. Dewey in the 1914
presidential election campaign,
will be an adviser to the Ameri-
can delegation at the San Fran
cisco United Nations Confer
ence, the State Department an
nounced today.
Mr.. Dulles had said recently
he believed he would be more
helpful in a personal capacity
at the conference, but in a letter
to Secretary of State Stettinius
made public today. he said that
after reflection" he was happy
to accept the invitation to act
as an adviser.
(Security Story on Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1945-04-05
Red Points Sold in New York
AT 900 for Sc, Wheeler Says
Is Thot Wholesale Price? Whery Asks;
Wonders if OPA Has Ceiling on Coupons

nounced plans for an on-the-scene
investigation of similar reports.
Expressing belief that maladmin-
istration is the biggest difficulty as
far as meat is concerned, Senator
Wheeler declared:
''The reason housewives who try to
live up to the rules are not getting
meat is because of the tremendous
black market"
Senator Wherry, Republican, oi
Nebraska remarked that Sc thou
sand must be the wholesale price. ;
He asked whimsically if OPA had
put a ceiling on sales of the stamps
When Senator Bushfield, Republic
can, of South Dakota asked If Sem
atcr Wheeler had any suggestion as
Continued on Page Az, Column u
Evening star., 1945-04-05
Mo|otov Note Says Japan Aided
Germany in War Against Soviet
Attack on u. S.
And Britain Also
Emphasized
By the Associated Press.

Gs lHt ASsUCldIeu F'ItoS.
LONDON, April 5.-Soviet Rus
sia today denounced its neutral
ity pact with Japan, accusing
Tokyo of helping Germany to
war against Russia.
The Moscow radio announced that
Foreign CommiSSar Vyacheslav Mo-
lotov had informed the japanese
Ambassador that continuance Of the
compact was impossible since Japan
was fighting against Russia S allies
the United States and Great Britain
In such a situation the pact of
neutrality between Japan and the
U. S. S. R. has lost its meaning,
Mr. Molotov said
The note was handed the japanese
Ambassador at 3 pm. today in the
midst OF new japanese cabinet
crisis.
Pact Signed in l941.
The pact was signed in April. l941
and whether Russia would denounce
it before the opening of the World
Security Conference at San Fran
cisco April 25 had been a subject of
speculation.
The Soviet note emphasized at the
outset that "the pact of neutrality
between the Soviet Union and Japan
was concluded on April 13, l941-
that is before the attack by Ger
many on the u. S. S. R., and before
the outbreak of war between Japan
on the one hand and Great Britain
and the United States on the other.
Since that time the situation was
radically changed" the note said.
Germany attacked the u S. S. r..
and Japan-Germany's ally-helps
the latter in her war against the u.
S. S. R."
The announcement becomes effec-
tive April 13. just II days before the
opening of the San Francisco Con-
ference.
The Moscow announcement said
Japan's Ambassador, Naotake Sato,
had promised to bring the declara-
ton of the Soviet government to
the attention of the japanese gov
ernment."
Future Relations Not Mentioned.
There was no indication in the
Moscow announcement of Russia s
intentions in future relations with
Japan. However, Premier Stain has
publicly described Japan as IAN
aggressive nation"
Many have expected Russia all
along to denounce the treaty if for
no other reason than to gain free
hand in the San Francisco Confer
ence discussions of any problems
concerning the Pacific war.
Up until the Crimea Conference,
however, Premier Stain maintained
extreme caution in making any move
that would tend to antagonize the
japanese.
In the previous meeting of the
Big Three at Teheran, Japanese
phases were excluded. Prime Min
lister Churchill and President Roose-
svelt held prior meeting with Gen.
eralissimo Chang Kai-shek in
Cairo.
At Yalta, however. Russia agreed
to sit with the Chinese delegates
at the forthcoming San Francisco
meeting - something Russia had
side-stepped in all previous confer
ences when the Pacific war was up
for discussion.
The pact with Japan was the Sec
ond neutrality treaty that the Soviet
has repudiated in recent days. In
previously terminating the pact with
Turkey, however, Russia indicated
See NFTTTR PACT Pp An
Evening star., 1945-04-05
Yanks, British
Near Hanover;
Nazis Fleeing
Four Divisions Push
To Weser River on
40-MiIe Front
BY the Associated Press.

49, NtiS nSooS4uOcu Tlts5
PARIS, April 5.-Four Ameri-
can and British divisions today
smashed up to the WeSer River
to within % miles of Hanover on
"a solid 40-mile front from north
of Minden to Hamelin.
The Germans appeared TO be evac-
uating Hanover.
Armored spearheads of the Amer
lcan Sd Army, well out on the Ma
poleonic battle fields of the Thur
lngian Plains, beat down the last 55
miles toward the Saxony rail center
of Plauen, near CzechoSlovakia. in a
drive to biSect Germany and Join
the Russians. Leipzig was less than
70 miles ahead; the battlefelds of
Jena were almost in sight.
At Hamelin, the town of Pied
Piper" fame, the 9Th Army was
within l58 miles of Berlin and SO
miles of the aircraft center of Bruins
wick. The Sd Army was less thai
l40 miles from Berlin.
British in Minden Outskirts.
The British fought into the west
ern outskirts of Minden. 80 miles
southwest of Hamburg and AZ miles
south of the naval base of Bremen
They had made another break
through and swept Is miles past
Osnabrueck in single day TO reach
the Weser, the next to last river be-
fore Berlin. Only the Elbe lies be-
tween the Weser and Berlin.
A dispatch from British I'd Army
headquarters last night said the
British 18th Armored Division had
crossed the Weser River northeast Of
Osnabrueck and plunged on beyond
against light opposition
The same correspondent, however,
wirelessed today that the 18th Ar
mored Division which crossed the
Weser-Ems Canal yesterday after
capturing three bridges intact. now
was 7 miles northwest OF Minden." +"
The Weser curves to the northeast
at Minden. There was no confirma-
ton at supreme headquarters of the
reported Weser River crossing.
Large cities toppled: more were
on the verge of capture.
Seized late yesterday were kassel
population, 21700O), Gotha, (48.-
00O), Suhl 10000, Hengelo 100000
and Waltrop.
9Th Army Enters Soest.
The 9th Army, sending four of its
infantry divisions into a side cam
paign to crush in the northern side
of the Ruhr box where up to 10000
Nazis and perhaps Field Marshal
Albert Kesselring are trapped. fought
into Soest and battled the last de-
tenders of Hamm. They were with
in miles of Dortmund (537,000 on
two sides.
The last Germans were being
beaten out of Wuerzburg 108,610
and Heilbronn 100000 by the Amer
lean 7th Army, which fought less
than "a miles from Nuremberg (431,-
000) The French fought beyond
captured Karlsruhe to within 20
miles of Stuttgart (460,000.
The Sd Army mopped up many by
passed pockets and cities left he
hind in its advances to within 58
miles of Czechoslovakia and 160
miles of Russian lines.
The cities of Eisenach (45,000)
and Mulhausen were entered. The
Sd Army captured 16,454 prisoners
yesterday. In the last two weeks,
Supreme Allied Headquarters said,
100000 Nazis have surrendered.
The British SD Lowland Division
fought heavily to clear the Ems
River town of Lingen, 48 miles from
an inlet of the North Sea. 1t ap-
peared probable that much of Ger
man Army group H in Holland had
Evening star., 1945-04-05
Another MI. Suribachi Hero
Is Killed on Two Jima

Ey the Associated Press
EVARO, Mont, April Six days
after he shared with three other
Marines the honor of being the first
Americans to scale Mount Suribachi
on Two Jima, Pfc. Louis C. Charlo,
fighting grandson of Salish Indian
Chief Chario, was killed in action,
Gen. A. A. Vandegrift, Marine COM
mandant, advised his parents, Mr..
and Mrs. Entonine Charlo.
He and his three companions had
made history February "a by reach
ing the summit of 566-foot Mount
Suribachi two hours before a patrol
marked its official capture by plant
ing an American Flag there.
Evening star., 1945-04-05
Lute Bulletins
Red Cross Sets Record

Additional Red Cross war
fund gifts of $371,583, an
nOunced today at the final
report meeting in the United
States Chamber of Commerce
Building, raised the total con-
tributions in the 35-day cam
paign to an all-time record Of
$3,178,886, or 117.70 per cent
of the $2,700, 30 quota.
early Story on Page B-1.)
Fay and Bove Sentenced
NEW YORK R.-Joseph S.
Fay and James Bove. AFL
labor leaders convicted Of
conspiracy and extOrti0n, were
sentenced in State Supreme
Court today to prison terms Of
from S12 to 16 years each.
Evening star., 1945-04-05
BY the Associated Press,

BY the Associated Press.
A report that red ration points
are being sold freely in New York
City for $6 a thousand was re-
layed to Senate food investi-
gators today by Senator Wheeler
Democrat, of Montana.
The Montanan said he had re-
ceived information to this effect, but
did not give its source. He told the
Agriculture Committee he had
turned his data over to OPA.
Earlier in the current hearings
Chairman Thomas of Oklahoma
said he had received reports that 90
per cent of the meat sold in New
York is black market. House food
investigators already have an
Evening star., 1945-04-05
Nuzi Radio Aids Soldiers

LONDON, April tP.-The Ger
man radio, which formerly tried to
trace Nazi soldiers for anxious rela-
tives, is now helping Nazi soldiers
seeking word from their families,
many of whom have moved hurried
ly from the war zone or have been
evacuated.
Evening star., 1945-04-05
Pope Receives TuyIor

VATICAN CITY, April 5 tR.-
Pope Plus received Myron G. Taylor,
President Roosevelt's special envoy
to the Vatican. for a 45-minute
private audience today.
Evening star., 1945-04-05

Nine additional men from
the District area haze been re-
ported killed in this tDar. See
"On the Honor Roll," Page Az.
Evening star., 1945-04-05

(see WESTERN FRONT, Pg. A-4.
Evening star., 1945-04-05
Weather Forecast

Clearing this afternoon; fair. much
cooler tonight, low near 4O fair, cool
tomorrow.
Temperatures today-High, II, at 1901
am; low, 46. at 10 am: 81 at 1:30 pm.
Yesterday-High, rs, at $40 pm; low.
81, at 7:30 am.
Evening star., 1945-04-05

Continued on Page Az. Column Z.
Evening star., 1945-04-05
Guide for Readers

An Associoted Press Newspaper
Evening star., 1945-04-05

(See EISENHOWER. Page A
Evening star., 1945-04-05

(See NEUTRALITY PACT, Pg. A.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1945-03-13

THrs YEAR, III making is Annual Report
i to $1,000, 600 p~oicyholders, Mctropol-
ltan decided to try something new.
We asked Bruce Barton, a p~olIcyholdcr,
and a we'll known writer, II he would write
the report. He agreed.
So he visited OUT Home Office, asked a
host of questions, looked into the facts and
figures. According to his report, the things
he learned about the Company confirm
what the Examiners of the State Insurance
Department found Following their most
recent official examination of the Company
they had stated:
From this examination, It becomes evil
lent that The Company is in strong finon-
Imperial Valley press., 1945-03-16
Bridges Claims
Bill of Rights
As Protection

WASHINGTON, March l6. tUPb
Harry Bridges, west coast CIO iSEor
leader, told the supreme court late
Thursday he cannot be depcrted for
Thought. speech or conduct" BE-
cause their freedom is protected by
the Constitutions Bill of Rights.
He made the assertion in a brief
filed in support of his appeal to es-
cape deportation &c his native Aus
tralia. Bridges, head of the Long
shoremens and Warehousemen's
union, has appealed from California
federal court rulings denying his bid
for freedom on a writ of habeas
corpus.
Bridges applied fer the writ after
he was ordel ed deDorted by Attor-
ney General Francis Biddle, in May.
l942. Biddle's order was based on a
finding that Bridges belonged 10 the
Communiet party which taught
violent -VertE, cW / = the u, S. gov
eminent
Bridges denied that there is evi-
dence to sfCW that he held menu.
bers hip in the Communist party.
The court Is scheduled 10 hear
oral arguments on Pi i.Ggea appeal
the week OF April 2.
Imperial Valley press., 1945-03-16
Burglars Obtain
Huge haul in
Gasoline Coupons

CHICAGO, March Is. fUPl-The
OFFICE Of Price Administration has
discovered that burglars have OBJ
tanned ration coupons worth 10000 -
600 gallons Of gasoline frcm an OPA
warehouse. Rae Walters. regional
OPA director said it was the ma
TONS largest theft of valid gas
coupons since the start of the ra-
tioning program.
The thieves took 1000 600 C-5 and
B-5 coupons, which become valid
May /.
The coupons would be worth 81
100000 on the black market Walters
said. Because the coupons are num-
bered serially it will be possible to
trace them if they are dumped on
the market in large quantities, he
said.
Walters said OPA officials were
questioning nine guards and 80 en-
ployes about the burglary The
theft was committed within the
last two days, he said. ana the bur-
glars apparently had knowledge of
where the coupons were stored. A
burglar alarm had been tampered
with. and it did not ring The bur-
glars gained entrance by forcing a
fire door with a croWbar, and es-
capped the attention of three guardG
stationed in the warehouse.
Imperial Valley press., 1945-03-16
U. 5. Plans Open
Door for 5. +.
Peace Conference

WASHINGTON. March 16. CUPl
The United States will propose that
the world security conference in
San Francisco be conducted on an
open door" policy with respect to
press. radio. photographers and tie
general public
The plan Will be subject 20 the
approval of .le other nations pres
ent. Secretary of State Edward r,
Stettinius Jr. announced that this
government will propose the follow
ing procedure:
The meeting Of the United Ma
tions in San Francisco will be con-
Quoted with the greatest possible
consideration for the widespread In
terest of the world in its delibera-
tiOns. Plenary meetings and meet
ings of tie principal commissions
of the conference will be open TO
press and radio news correspondents
and photographers and, insofar as
facilities permit, to the general
public
This is a working conference en-
trusted with the high purpose of
preparing a charter fOr a general
International organization for the
maintenance of peace and security.
No provision is being made for So
cial activities and it is hoped that
they will be kept at an absolute
minimum