davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-10-31

in my name, asking that a ship be
dispatched at once to the Philip
pines with food, clothing and medi-
cal supplies for American and Fill
pino prisoners of war. In the letter
I told Homma that I had been in
formed reliably that Americans and
Filipinos were dying at the rate
of 300 day at O'Donnell. from mall
nutrition and for want of proper
medical care, and that by the end
of the year every man in that camp
would be dead.
I gave the letter to 1t. Uramura,
and every day for many days after
that I asked him If he had heard
from Homma But all he would say
was an infuriating 1T is under con-
sideration." In time knew with a
feeling of utter helplessness that
the message never would be sent.
Tomorrow: Gen. Wainwright is
moved to Tarlac Prison, and the bru-
tality Of the Japs Is stepped up.)
Copyright. 1915, King Features
Syndicate, Inc. Reproductions in
iUhole or in part strictly prohibited. J
Evening star., 1945-10-31
Gen. Reckord 10 Take
Over Old Post as
Adjufanf General
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
ANNAPOLIS, Oct. 3l.-Maj. Gen.
Milton A. Reckord takes over the
job OF adjutant general of Maryland
again tomorrow after five years
during which he headed the 10Th
Division and the Sd Service Com
mand, and was for Is months
provost marshal of the European
Theater of Operations.
Gen. Reckord, native of Hartford
County, will take the oath of office
in Baltimore to assume once more
the duties he carried out during a
span of more than 20 years between
the two World Wars in which he
served.
Gen. Reckord became Maryland
adjutant general in 1920, post he
held until February, 1941. He was
promoted to brigadier general in
1922, making him ranking line OIL
Ger of the State National Guard.
He was made a major general in
1884 when he was named head of
the 18th Division, then a National
Guard unit composed of Maryland,
Virginia, District of Columbia and
Pennsylvania troops.
Gov. O'Conor asked Gen. Reckord
to head the Maryland Council of
Defense, set up before the war, and
it was under his guidance that the
State laid plans for action in event
OF an emergency.
In February, 194l, the 29th was
called into Federal service and Gen.
Reckord commanded the Blue and
Gray" during its initial training at
Fort George G. Meade, and in ex-
tensive maneuvers in Virginia and
the Carolinas.
When preparations were being
for an invasion of France,
Gen. Of the Army George C.
named the Marylander to
be provost marshal of the Euro
pean theater of operations. He re-
turned to the United States after,
We day.
Evening star., 1945-10-31
Youngsters 70 Enjoy
Halloween Tonight
In Series Of Parties

Youngsters all over the Washing
ton area will cavort tonight in a
series of community Halloween fes-
tivities which police sincerely hope
will reduce vandalism to a mini
mum.
Parades, parties, dances and q
beauty contest have been planned
for youngsters Of all ages, and even
for grownups, in order to keep their
minds of trash cans and gatepoSts.
Police have special orders to be tact
full but firm in discouraging "wilful
damage to property or annoyance to
citizens"
Some windows will be soaped,
doorbells will be rung and an odd
garbage container will wind up on
some strangers front porch. But
generally there is abundant incen-
tive for boys and girls to have a
gay time tonight well within the
precincts of law and order.
Neighborhood Parades.
There will be no central Hallow-
cen celebration, no downtown parade
such as was held before the war.
But there will be series of neigh
hood parades and parties.
The biggest party will be held at
Gordon Junior High School, under
auspices Of the District Recreation
Department. Five young ladies,
representing their Fairgrounds, will
participate in a beauty contest on
the stage Of the school auditorium
around 8 pm. The winner wills be
crowned by Ingrid Beeken, winner
OF last years contest.
The celebration will open with a
parade from Twenty-eighth street
and Olive avenue NV. to p street.
then to Thirty fifth street and along
this street as far as the school.
Represented in the procession will
be units from the Georgetown Set
tlement House, the Girls Club and
Boys Club OF Washington and the
Montrose, Stoddert, Georgetown and
Gallinger Fairgrounds.
1,500 to Attend Party.
About 1900 children are expected
to attend the party In the school,
where costumes will be judged, re-
freshments served and Punch and
Judy show and cartoon movies
given. Youngsters may bring their
parents with them.
In another section of the city,
'teen-agers are invited to the dance
at the Lafayette School tonight.
The party will be sponsored by the
Chevy Chase Citizens Association
the Chevy Chase Businessmen's AS
ISOLATION and parent-teacher groups
from the Lafayette School, Wood
row Wilson High School and Alice
Deal Junior High School.
A dance for all ages will be held
at the Palisades Playground, Dana
street and Sherrier place NV, from
9 to II pm. And at Coolidge High
School, Fifth and Van Buren streets
NV, dancing, a costume contest
and movies should occupy neigh
borhood young people from I to IL.
pm
Costume Parade.
A costume parade for children
from 8 to IL will be held at the Taft
Recreation Center, Eighteenthnxld
Perry streets NV, from 4 to 6pms
Prizes viii be awarded for the best
costumes and also for the best dec
GRATED baby carriage Afterwards
there will be. a dance from 8 to II
pm. This celebration will be spon-
sored by the Gateway Athletic Club,
Evening star., 1945-10-31
Star Staff Photo.

Western High School, stood by adj
miringly.
Then, answering reporters, Mrs
OLeary revealed a few facts about
herself.
A native of New oYrk City and
the widow Of William OLeary of
Teanock, N. j., she came to WASH
ington in March, 1941, and was en-
ployed by the War Department.
She became Gen. Groves secre-
tary in the Construction Division of
the Quartermaster General. and ac-
companied him when that division
was merged with the Office of the
Chief of Engineers.
Visited Secret Projects.
Later, as the generals admins
trative assistant, she naturally be-
came familiar with the work on the
atomic bomb and visited various
places throughout the United States
where the supersecret Manhattan
project" was being carried out.
ut must have been a tremendous
relief to your mind when the War
Department finally made the bombs
existence public" some one sug-
geSted.
1T was great relief to know it
worked" she answered.
And Mrs. OLeary was the first
person in Washington to know that.
When the experimental bomb was
touched of in New Mexico, word of
its success was telephoned to her
and she relayed the good news to
the Secretary of Wars Office.
Asked whether she would remain
in the War Department, Mrs.
OLeary said she hadn't made any
postwar plans and then recalled,
smilingly, as If there might be some
connection between the two mat
ters: @a
This decoration carries a raise
with it,
-Four Army officers who played
important roles in developing the
bomb also were decorated. To Brig
Gen. Thomas M. Farrell went the
Distinguished Service Medal. The
Legion of Merit was presented to
1t. Col. Peter De Silva, 1t. Col
John Derry and 1t. Walter A. Par
Iish.
Evening star., 1945-10-31
Montgomery Board
Orders Study Of Tax
Revenue Sources

The Montgomery County Board
of Commissioners yesterday in
structed its president, Alfred d.
Moves, to appoint a committee
whose function it would be to make
"a survey Of additional potential
revenue sources for the county.
Willard F. Day, county super
visor, warning the commissioners
that the county must have an
adequate revenue" pointed out
that under the present trend, where
in the dollar is shrinking" pres
ent tax provisions will not be
enough to meet the future increased
costs.
He stressed that county revenue
is necessary for these primary uses
schools, roads and police. Now is
the time, he warned, to make sure
that imitation will not leave either
OF the three wanting for money.
Calls for Full Study.
He urged that the committee ex-
plore fully Federal, State and
county sources of revenue, and
posed the question of whether spe-
cial service charges or simply in
creased tax rates would be the an
swer. ,a..
Mr. Day was authorized at the
meeting to advertise for bids for IS
new school buses, after Superin-
tendent of Schools Edwin w.
Broome had advised the commits
sioners that that number was
urgently needed.
Lacy Shaw, Montgomery County
representative for the Washington
Suburban Sanitary Commission,
promised in a letter read at the
meeting that the trash collection
situation is improving all the time.
He said that more and better men
are seeking work, enabling us to
discharge the poorer ones"
He said that during the war his
workers reported only when they
felt like 1t and rarely would appear
or rainy days"
Allowance for Indigents.
Arthur B. Solon, superintendent
OF the Suburban Hospital, Bethesda,
asked the county for $5 per day for
care of INDECENT patients in place
Of the present 81 allowance, and
also that provisions be made for
the care of babies whose parents
cannot afford to pay the hospital
bills.
The request was referred for study
to Mrs. Dorothy M. Kurtz, executive
secretary of the Montgomery County
Welfare Board.
James Clinton Nichols was ap-
pointed desk clerk in the Bethesda
police station. James o, Breeden
and Carl F. Hurlebaus were REIN
stated as county policemen. Resig-
nation of Policeman Frederick Earl
Buscher was accepted.
Evening star., 1945-10-31
,lsikRstio,,niq
&As.,iindereA

1eeats. Fats, Etc. ~ Stamps Al
II throagh Ell good through today.
IStamps FL through XII good
u through November 80. Stamps
3aL-i through Q-l good through
II If December 81. Stamps Ri through
aHV-1 good through January 81.
Stamps WI dhrough Z-l and
Il green stamp N-o become valid
4 tomorrow and remain good
ssthrough February 28.
Hbints for Fats-Your meat dealer
Twill pay four red ration points for
II'each pound OF waste kitchen fats
S'IsNou turn in.
Stamp 38 good through De-
ccmber 81. Next stamp valid
January /.
Evening star., 1945-10-31

DRY LAND SAILORS, "coMPLETELY AT
sea-. The uproorioUs misudvsnivres Of
very green Let skipper and crew who had
nevsr been 10 seu-ond didn't know q
heoving line from clothes line. This
AMT NO TAXI by Roberi N. -Yodsr.
Evening star., 1945-10-31
Bull Baked in Attempt
To Enter Chino Shop
By the Associated Press.

DJ tiIt AsSuCidkEu fIESs.
ORANGE, Va, Oct. 31.-A bull
named Ferdinand escaped from a
truck en- route to a stock market
and headed for a china shop in a
nearby department store. The door
was slammed in his face.
Frustrated, he wandered back into
the street and then into a hard
ware store. Ferdinand was cap
|tured after he again started down
the street IN the general direction
of a flower bed,
Evening star., 1945-10-31

HAzEl-HlLARIoUs MEMBER or THE
POSTS CARTOON FAMILY. She's fhs
waeky and unprsdieiubls moid who makes
millions laUsh. She's typical Of The humor
found IN liberal measure from cover 70
cover 81 every issue Of The Post.
Evening star., 1945-10-31

YOU'LL SEE YOUR NEW RADIO FIRST
ON TIE ADVERTISING PAGES or THE
POST. Millions will Turn 10 Post odveriis-
ing paaes for their flTsf news Of fhs many
exciting new products for bssisr living.
Evening star., 1945-10-31

and the Gateway, Burroughs and
Rhode Island Avenue Citizens As
sociations.
AT most other Fairgrounds, af-
|ternoon Halloweef parties have
been planned.
For servicemen, the American
Red Cross has planned parties and
games In all military hospitals in
this area. A dance for colored serv-
icemen will be held at the Banne-
ker Recreation Center at pm.
Evening star., 1945-10-31

A petite, soft-spoken Arlington
woman who kept locked in her mind
for nearly three years Americas top
war secret-the atomic bomb project
today wears the War Depart
ment's Exceptional Civilian Service
Award.
She is Mrs. Jean M. OLeary of 548
Arlington Village, administrative as
sistant to Maj. Gen. Leslie r.
Groves, and the first woman en-
ploye Of the Chief of Engineers
Of1ice ever to be so honored.
After the decoration had been
pinned on her well-cut black dress
yesterday by Maj. Gen. Thomas M.
Robins, deputy. chief of engineers
at War Department ceremonies, the
woman whose secrecy. tact and self
control are notable among her COL
leagues, told questioning reporters:
"I'm not responsible for anything
I say-I'm that excited"
Four Others Decorated.
In room filled with high-ranking
officers, four of whom were deco
rated also, Mrs. O'Leary heard the
citation accompanying her decora-
ton, signed by Secretary of War
Patterson, read by Gen. Robins as
Gen. Groves stood by:
" Her able leadership, sincere
enthusiasm and untiring zeal con-
tributed materially to safeguarding
the security Of this vitality impor-
tant project"
She smiled and said simply,
Thank you. SIR
Women colleagues in Mrs.
OLeary's Office then pinned an
orchid on her and she posed for nu-
merous photographs as her 14-year-
old daughter, Connie, a student at
Evening star., 1945-10-31
Sosscer to Speak Tonight

Representative Sasscer, Democrat,
Of Maryland, will address a meet
ing Of the 14th District Democratic
Club of Prince Georges County a..
8 o'clock tonight at st. James Au-
ditorium, Bowie, Md.
Evening star., 1945-10-31
Daughters Sponsor Purty

The annual card party and dance
sponsored by the Court Forest Glen
No. 961, Catholic Daughters OF
America, will be held at 8 pm. No
vennber 16, at the Statier Hotel.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-09-16

be paid in three annual installments,
two of which are not yet due.
Until the recent council meeting in
London, UNRRA aid had been going to
Czechoslovakia, Greece, Yugoslavia, AL
bania, Poland and, in limited amount,
to Italy. China had asked for aid, and
preparations were being made for ship
ments there as soon as ports were
opened.
Now Korea, Formosa, Austria and
Italy have been added to the full
scale relief program. A request by Rus
STA for $500, 000 900 in aid is being con-
sidered by the Committee on Ability to
Pay, with the likelihood of a favorable
decision for at least a part of that
amount.
Food, Clothing Chief Items.
Largest items needed for UNRRA OPP
erations are food and clothing Under
the program set up Immediately prior
to the August council session for pro-
curement through December 81, this
year, food costs were to have amounted
to 1913 per cent of expenditures; cloth
medical and sanitation items, such as
vitamins and penicillin, Al per cent; ag-
ricultural rehabilitation items, such as
tractors, seeds. pesticides, fertilizers,
80 per cent, and industrial rehabili-
tation, including trucks, 239 per cent.
Under an executive order of the late
President Roosevelt, the Foreign Eco
n 3icf,
to act as the procurement agent for
the United States contribution of sup
plies. UNRRA, under this arrangement,
takes title to goods at dockside, chan
nels it overseas and then turns it
over to the receiving government.
To see that relief is distributed with
out discrimination, the agency MAIN
tains its stats of observers at points OF
distribution. 1t has been CHARGE in
the past that the question of who would
represent UNRRA, notably in Yugo-
slavia and Poland, has been the sub
ject of international jockeying within
the agency and between governments
The Soviet government, it has been
charged, sought to play pre-eminent
UNRRA role within countries whose
governments it dominated.
In reply to question apparently in
reference to previous criticisms on this
general score, Mr. Lehman said at a
press conference last week that while
he was abroad he had found mo him
drance to UNRRA operations" and, on
the contrary, the agency was receiving
full cooperation of the governments"
Transportation Badly Crippled.
Aside from food and clothing, one of
the most vital needs in devastated areas
of Europe is more adequate transporta-
ton facilities. Bombing and Nazi thefts
literally destroyed rail transportation in
Greece. When the Germans left that
country, only six locomotives were said
to have remained unchanged
Half the approximately 10000 UNRRA
employees abroad are engaged in re-
patriation of Europe's millions of dis
placed persons, of which there were
100000 in the American, British and
French zones of Germany alone
AS of August 16, more than 1000 900
of those persons-many of them slave
tSee UNRRA, Page CD
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-09-16
immigration Rules Are Facing
Revision as Study Is Opened

can do so in about five years First he
must declare his intention to become a
citizen. Next he must apply for petit
ton to become a citizen. Finally he
must petition the courts to declare him
a citizen.
Once he becomes citizen he cannot
be deported for any cause.
Cooley, formerly a member of the
migration Board of Appeals, believes
that within the next 10 years or so there
will be substantially no aliens in the
United States. The average age of the
100000 still classified as aliens is over
so years, and death will reduce that
number sharply.
Meanwhile, the later immigrants have
generally been becoming citizens as
quickly as they can, and all children
born to aliens in this country auto
matically become citizens.
See Sharp Increase.
Because of population shifts growing
out of the war, Congress believes there
soon may be sharp increase in immi-
grafton and that something should be
done to persuade the immigrants to be-
come citizens.
Some Congressman believe entrance
requirements should be stiffened so that
only foreigners desiring to become
Americans will be allowed to come here.
Others feel that deportation laws
should be frightened. These laws don't
apply to citizens, and an alien can get
around the toughest deportation laws
simply by acquiring citizenship.
There is strong sentiment in Congress
for abolishing quotas and accepting for
eigners on a basis of which ones most
likely will become good citizens.
There also is tendency in favor of
removing barriers which have blocked
entrance of certain groups. Only re-
Gently the prohibition against Chinese
was dropped. China now has an annual
quota of los. Legislation now pending
also would establish a quota of 100 for
East Indians, who now are excluded.
Until 1884, the entire quota for the
Pacific was 600. In that year it was
boosted to $50 by establishment of
quota of so for the Philippines.
After the last war, immigration in
creased to such an extent that Congress
restricted entrance from all countries
except those in the Western Hemis-
phere, which are not restricted by !,
quotas.
The present world quota of 153,714 is
allotted as follows Northern and
Western European countries, 8l.9 per
cent; Southern and Eastern Europe, 16
per cent; Africa. Asia and Pacific, 81
per cent.
Quota immigration hit low of 1920
in the depression year 1888 and high
of 62,402 in 1899.
Distributed by Associated Press.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-09-16
By W. F. Arboeast

Uncle Sans immigration rules soon
may be overhauled by Congress. Under
present law, some $500, 900 foreign born
residents have never become citizens
and never have to.
The House of Representatives has or
dered its immigration Committee to
work out a new policy. A study is 60
ing on now under Committee Chairman
Dickstein, Democrat, of New York, and
Thomas M. Cooley, committee counsel.
1t is the first comprehensive official sur
vey since 1911.
Considerable pressure is being eXerted
by some Congressman to:
l. Reduce all immigration quotas.
2. Remove bars against certain for
eigners.
3. Require more careful choice of
to this country to live.
During the war years there was hardly
any immigration problem. There was
almost no way for foreigners to get here.
In the II months that ended June 80,
1914, for example, only 1894 quota immi-
grants came to this country. Estab-
lished quotas for that year-and for
every year the past Is years-totaled
153,879.
Quota Plan 20 Years Old.
, A quota immigrant is one entitled to
admission under existing immigration
s. laws. These laws specify just how many
foreigners may enter this country each
year and from what nations they may
come.
The quota plan went into operation
about 20 years ago and was revised in
1929. Prior to 1924 all a foreigner had
to do to get into the United States was
to ind way to cross the ocean and
obtain approval from his own country
to leave
Existing quotas are based on foreign
population in this country shortly be-
fore the turn of the century and again
in 1920.
Before foreigner becomes eligible
for admission under his nations quota,
he must be approved by the United
States consul where he resides. In some
cases he must obtain approval from his
2 own country.
Once he gets here he can stay as long
as he pleases unless he becomes a
criminal has falsified his entry applica-
ton or turns out to be highly undesir-
able resident.
q He can be deported automatically ID
g If he commits two or more felonies, q,
If he advocates forceful overthrow of the
Government, CD if he commits one felony
= within five years of his entry, a. If it
can be proved he dDmmitted a felony
prior his entry.
II he wants to become citizen, he
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-09-16

gress proclaimed a.
national emergency.
The same situation
applied to National
Guard units and Re-
serve officers and the
end of the first year
was in sight.
It was obvious that
unless the draft act
could be amended or
unless a national
emergency could be
proclaimed, we would
have no Army within
a few months. 1t was
the Chief of Staff
who stuck his neck
out and took the
rap by urging what
was then a highly
unpopular step. 1t
was the War De-
partment" that was
studying what to
do with the draft.
according to what
the President told
his press conference
on June II. 1t was
the War Depart
ment" that assumed
the onus for pre-
pairing the legisla-
ton to keep the
drafted men in serv-
ice. 1t was the Chief
of Staff who asked
Congress to pro-
claim a state of
emergency so that
men could be kept
in the service with
out any legislative
changes in the draft
act. In a special mes
sage, the President.
on July d aekoi
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-09-16
Gen. MnrshalHA Great american
Craftsmanship and Military Genius Assure His History
By B. NJ. McKelvay,
Associate Editor OF The Star.

Majesty's Navy might some day be TAX
ing orders from anybody save British
admiral and-perish the thought!-per-
haps it would be an army officer. 1t is
possible that some American Navy men
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-09-16

gether by the draft and then in the
process of training and getting equipped,
disintegrate into thin. air. The draft law
provided that men could be held in the
armed forces only year, unless Con-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-09-16

In the course of dinner speech to
the American Society of Newspaper
Editors in February, 1913, James F.
Byrnes said that his belief in ultimate
Allied victory was based to a large ex-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-09-16

tent on his personal
confidence in 1.-The
craftsmanship and
military genius" of
Gen. George c. Mar
shall.
1t may be that
when time and the
historians, with &C
cess to all the rec
ords, h ave ia k e n
their m e asure of
Gen. Marshall these
two a t tr / b u t e S.
craftsmanship and
military genius-will
establish his place
securely at the very
top of those who led
America to victory.
Those most closely
associated with him
have little doub t
that there is where
he b e 10 gS now.
They look on him as
the architect of the
military part of our
W ar effort. T h y
wonder what might
have happened had
we lacked the driv-
ing force of his Wig
orous personality, his
vision to- see far
ahead, the courage
to take the lead and
the eloquence of an
advocate W no de-
rives his persuasive
powers from a strik-
n G ly impersonal
presentation of facts.
But Gen. Marshall,
after six years as
Chief of Staff, is not
well known among
the people. They
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-09-16

tSee UNRRA, Page CO
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-09-16

tsee MARSHALL, Page Glib