davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-06-19

clared secured" from q military
standpoint. Admiral Nimitz carefully
refrained from announcing the end
of organized resistance. He has fol-
lowed that policy throughout the
Pacific campaigns under his COM
mand.
Intense Jap Fire.
All along the ragged, narrowing
Southern Okinawa sector, 10th Army
troops surged southwark against
crumbling, diminishing resistance.
Everywhere they encountered In
tense fire. from automatic weapons.
The American line ran from near
Nagusuku, on the southwestern
coast, inland near Kuwanga and
Makabe, veered northward past
Medeera and swung sharply south
eastward to within 1000 yards of the
coastal town of Mabuni.
The Goth Infantry Division. on
heights 500 yards north of Medeera,
was within easy view of the surf
bound southeastern coast, only 5000
yards ahead. The 381st Regiment
spearheaded its sweep across Yaeju
Plateau.
Attacking with tanks and self.
propelled guns, the 7th Infantry
Division blasted hollowed-out coral
heads in which death-stand Japa-
nese resisted with small arms near
Mabuni These Doughboys were
within 1000 yards of Mabuni.
1t was the 9th Regimental Com.
bat Team, however, which broke the
Japanese main resistance effort
around Kuwanga and Makabe.
These fresh troops gained 600 yard8
in their predawn attack, defeated
. counterattack and gained mo-
mentum late in the day as they
SurQed SnlIthward
Evening star., 1945-06-19
Six Million Hail
|Eisenhowerin in
New York Tour
General Presented
Special Medal and
Honorary Citizenship
pictures on Page B-1.)
b. the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, June 19.-Gen.
Eisenhower, flushed and breath
less from the greatest welcome
New York has accorded a re-
turning hero, told a vast crowd
that overhowed City Hall Park
today:
IF we are going to live the years
OF peace We must be strong and we
must be ready to cooperate in the
spirit of true tolerance and for
bearance
Police estimated that 1000 900
persons were jammed into the bunt-
ing -draped park and surrounding
streets. Four million others. by far
the largest crowd in the city's his
tory, were said officially to have
cheered the general earlier on his
tour of the city.
Made Honorary Citizen.
Receiving a special city medal and
accepting honorary citizenship in
New York City, the supreme Allied
commander told the throng before
City Hall:
''It isn't enough that We devise
every kind of international machin-
cry to keep the peace. We must also
be strong ourselves. Weakness can
not cooperate with anything. Only
strength can Cooperate"
The millions that greeted Gen.
Eisenhower lined curbs, leaned from
windows and hung from fences TO
catch \ glimpse of him.
1t was "the experience of life
time" he declared in accepting the
hand-carved gold medal, and he said
humorously to Mayor La Guardia,
who conferred the honorary citizen
ship:
New ork simply cannot do this
to a Kansas farmer boy and keep
its reputation for sophisctication."
Pupils Wave Tiny Flags.
Gen. Eisenhower spoke knowingly
of the school children who had
shouted to him and waved tiny ags
as his Oscar motorcade cruised
through Central Park.
Can the parents and the relatives
Of those children look 10 years ahead
and be satisfied with anything less
than your best to keep them away
ICoo EICENJOyUEp pooo Az
Evening star., 1945-06-19
President Flying to West Coast
After Sendoff by Eisenhower
Visit With Gov. WoIgren to Precede
Speech at Closing of World Conference

the end of the San Francisco
meeting.
The President was given a CHEEKY
sendoff by Gen. Eisenhower, Amer
ica's returned hero, whose plane,
the "Sunf1ower." rested just behind
the Presidents waiting to take the
general to big New York welcom-
ing.
Others in the small group at the
Army Air Transport Command run
way included Acting Secretary OF
State Grew and Secretary of the
Treasury Morgenthau.
The President paused at the TOP
Of the ramp leading to his plane to
wave to photographers. He asked
them what do you want me to say
fiddle sticks? This recalled the re-
marks of his 92-year -old mother as
(See TRUMAN. Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1945-06-19
BY ]. A. FOX,
c4ff

EN- ROUTE WITH PRESIDENT
TRUMAN, June 19.-Bound for
San Francisco to speak at the
wind-up of the United Nations
Conference, President Truman
left the Capital by plane at 8:2O
am. today on a trip that offers
the first real breathing spell
from White House routine since
he took office.
Using the huge, specially con-
structed C-54 in which the late
President Roosevelt travelled, Mr.
Truman is making an 1l-hour, non-
stop flight to Olympia, Wash, where
he will be the guest of his old
Senate associate, Gov. Mon c. Wall
gren, for the few days preceding
Evening star., 1945-06-19
Many Men Rating Discharges
Must Wait Year, Army Says
Congress Is Told Age Limit Will Remain
At 40; Lower Point Score Planned

available replacements and trans
portation facilities, Gen. Henry said
the program for rapid discharges is
operating smoothly, with indica-
tions that 100000 men will be sepa-
rated from service this month.
He set these goals for future dis
charges: July, 10000; August, 1885,
600; September, 10000; October
$4,000: November. December, 190..
000each: January. February, March
April and May, 1916, zoe, 900 each.
Releases to date. he said, have
been governed by the temporary
score of IS points. based on length
and character of service and de.
pendency. A new critical" score
(See DISCHARGES. PAGE A.4.)
Evening star., 1945-06-19
Poles DeraiIed Trains.
Killed Reds Witnesses
Testify al Trial Of Is
Bridges Blown, Citizens
Honeed by Underground
Group, Court Is Told
BY EDDY GILMORE,


MOSCOW, June 19.-Polish
witnesses in the trial of Is mem
bers of the Polish underground
government and home army on
a charge of fifth-column activ-
ity told a Soviet court today they
had wrecked trains, blown
bridges, killed Russian soldiers
and on one occasion hanged a
Soviet citizen.
A journalist said the underground
army's propaganda minister had
directed that the Russian Army be
considered an enemy" and an "ag-
gressor.'
Said to Have Aided Germans.
Many of the witnesses said they
belonged to the home army before
and after the Russian occupation of
Poland.
Jan Jankowski. deputy prime min
lister of the Polish London regime
and leader of the Polish under
ground government. testified that
such diversions aided the Germans
and hampered the United Nations,
particularly Russia
A witness who said he once lived
in Detroit. Cheslaw Alexandrowich
Latorewitz. gave direct evidence of
attacking Russians.
I'VE were operating in a village" !"
he said. "We saw a Russian car
and we opened fire on it. Yes,
fired. too."
Russian Workers Fired On.
He related another incident in
which a driver was killed and told
of other cases in which four persons
were killed and Russian workers
were fired upon.
Stanislaw Kolonedo, another wit
ness, said he was instructed 20 days
on blowing up bridges, wrecking
roads and communications. He said
100 were In his armed detachment.
I'VE got orders to derail all Red
Army trains which were supposed to
be sent into action against the Ger
mans" he said. Il remember blow
ing up tracks near Nieman as sort
o. rnT 10
Evening star., 1945-06-19
Leopold Resumes Power,
Denies He Will Abdicafe
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
SALzBURG, Austria, June 49,
King Leopold of Belgium declared
today that he had reassumed his
full constitutional prerogatives and
that there was no question of his
abdication, despite the resignation
of Premier Achille van Acher's gov
ernment.
The Kings statement was issued
through an official spokesman
Dispatches from Brussels said
strikes in protest against the Kings
return to Belgium had spread to
numerous coal mines in the Liege
district.
Evening star., 1945-06-19

BY the Associated Press.
The War Department told Con-
gress today that many service
men who rate discharge under
the point system cannot be re-
leased before next June.
And, it advised the House Military
Affairs Committee. 1t has no in
tention of lowering the age for auto.
matte discharges. now 40.
The information was furnished
the committee by Maj. Gen. Stepher
Henry, assistant chief OF staff
who was asked for a detailed ex.
PLANTATION of operation of the point
system.
Considering all factors, such a.
Evening star., 1945-06-19
Vessel That Escorted
Roosevelt 10 Teheran
Lost Off 0kinawa
Two Other Destroyers
Hit by Suicide Pilots
Return to Fleet

The destroyer Emmons, one OF
the ships that escorted the bat
tleship Iowa when it took Presi-
dent Roosevelt to the Teheran
Conference in 1943, has been
lost off Okinawa, the victim of a
Japanese suicide plane, the Navy
Department announced today.
This revelation came only few
hours after the Navy had announced
that two other destroyers, also hit
by the death-seeking Jap pilots, had
returned to the feet after extensive
repairs at the Bremerton wash }
Navy Yard. They were the Haraden
and the Lamson, hit last December
during the invasion of the Philip
pines.
The Navy said the Lamson limped
across the Pacific with enough
torpedoes dangerously jammed in
her bent torpedo tubes to sink a
battleship" and any erratic move
ment of the ship might have set
them off. The wife of her shipper
Comdr. william H. Watson, jr.
lives here at 2146 Cathedral avenue
NV.
Commander Wounded.
Five suicide planes hit the EN-
mons as she was taking part in her
first Pacific engagement April 6 Oh
Okinawa. They alone out of Il
such planes which attacked stimuli
taneously were able to penetrate the
curtain of antiaircraft fire set up
by the destroyer. Six of the at
tackers were downed.
During the battle. the Emmons
commander, 1t. Comdr. Eugene H
Foss of Chestnut Hill, Mass, was
wounded and 1t. John H. Grifath
jr., of Jamaica, NJ Y, took charge
He reported later that American
fighters had shot down about so
Japanese planes on the day his ship
was hit.
Despite the fact that she was
struck by the five planes, the
Emmons did not go under, but was
so badly damaged that she was sent
to the bottom the next day by gun
Evening star., 1945-06-19
Geiger First Marine
General to Command
Army in the Field
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press. 4
TENTH ARMY HEADQUARI'
TERS, Okinawa.-Maj. Gem
Roy s. Geiger, who recentlf
was nominated for promotion
to lieutenant general, today as
sumed command of the 10th
Army. becoming the first Ma
rine general to command an
army in the field.
1t was indicated that Gen.
'Geiger would complete the
Okinawa campaign with the
staff of 1t. Gen. Simon Bolivar
Buckner, jr., 10th Army COM
mander, who was killed yester-
day.
Evening star., 1945-06-19
Soong Leaves PorIey;
Heads Directly for Chino

BY the Associated Press.
SAN FRANCISCO, June 1s.-
Premier T. v. Soong is on his way
back to China, going direct instead
OF making previously planned stops
at London and Moscow. -
Associates said today there was ne
particular significance in the change
Of plans. It was said that Premier
Soong would visit both London and
Moscow later.
Evening star., 1945-06-19
-AP Photo.

Marine Maj. Gen. Roy s. Geiger
who took over the Ryukyus forces,
stood at attention with other high
ranking officers Of the Army, Navy
and Marine Corps during the
services.
The military funeral was held be-
meath gray skies less than "A hours
after he was killed by the enemy
(See BUCKNER, Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1945-06-19
Trade Pact Measure
Passed by Senate
By 47-to.33 Vote
Administration Wins
Fight to Give President
Tariff Cutting Powers
BULLETIN.

BY a vote of At to 33, the
administration today won its
fight in the Senate for a new
Reciprocal Trade Agreement
Act comforting on the Presi-
dent power to cut existing
tariff rates by so per cent to
promote foreign commerce
after the war.
Evening star., 1945-06-19

Three additional men from
the District area hdpe been re-.
ported killed in this wdr. See
"On the Honor Roll" Page AZ.
Evening star., 1945-06-19
Charles Town Results

FIRST RACEPurse. $500; claiming
3-year-olds and up; about AN furlones
All Crystal (Edens) $50 2.2O 22(
Laugh and Play kelly $50 2.4(
Blue Beauty (Grant) $50
Time, O:532s.
Also ran-Lead-E EN- All. Green Advice
Lady Doctor and Chille Bubble
Evening star., 1945-06-19

SECOND RACE-Purse, $500: claiming;
3-year-oIds and up: about 412 furlongs.
Navigation (H'nandez) 4.20 $50 $50
Gradea tCarrillo) 4.40 $50
Falco Tigress tGrAnt) $40
Time, 0:54
Also ran-Vander Belle, Our Fortune,
Hazemont. Nutmeg Lass, Tumble Girl.
DAILY Double Paid 50. .2O)
Evening star., 1945-06-19

THIRD RACEPurse. 5000: claiming
4-year -olds and up; Charles Town course.
Renowned (Edens) 11.40 800 46O
Decisive (Palumbol $50 $50
Clock Time (Covalli) 4.6O
Time, I:212s.
Also ran-Gradatim Clay Hill. Etalip.
Diplouu
Evening star., 1945-06-19

(See DESTROYERS, Page A-12.
Evening star., 1945-06-19

(See TRIAL, Page A-12O
Evening star., 1945-06-19

(See EISENHOWER, Page AS.
Evening star., 1945-06-19
Weather Forecast

Light showers likely this afternoon.
Cloudy, moderate temperature tonight
and tomorrow.
Temperatures today-High, n, at 1880
pm; low, 68, at $40 am. Yesterday
High, 81, at 2:45 pm; low, So, at l1:30
pm.
Evening star., 1945-06-19
Guide for Readers

A Associoted Press NewspoI
Evening star., 1945-06-19

(See TRUMAN, Page A-3.
Montana labor news., 1945-12-06
LUMBER WORKERS
Continued from Page u

Continued from Page u
ton have signed agreements with the
Union, meeting the Unions wage de-
mands, and other working conditions
making total of sixteen Montana com
panies operating with union sanctions.
Twenty -one of the major Montana
companies operating with union cane
ton. Twenty-one Of the major Mon
tana Lumber operations remain strike
bound, as we'll as a number of smaller
concerns.
Referring to a press statement issend
by the Secretary Manager of the Timber
Products Association which claimed
that none Of the employers will con-
slider wage increases similor to those
granted by the Tacoma employers, the
union official predicted that there could
be no hope of an early settlement in
the Montana area, pointing out that
the major Montana lumber companies
are members of the Timber Products
Manufacturers Association
The latest developement in the strike
situation in the Montana area came
from Libby, Montana when two local
Unions in that vicinity overwhelmingly
voted down the wage proposal made by
their employer The wage proposal re-
jected at Libby was closely parallel tc
proposals made by other Montana EN-
ployers, none of which exen CLOSELY
approached the compromise settlement
made at Tacoma the Union officia
stated. All OF the Montana Locol I'm
ions that have received these wage Of
fers have rejected them by almos
unanimous votes Of thcir membership
atreguar meetings This would indicat
that the rank and file membership doe
not consider the offers to be SINGER
attempts on the part of the employer
to meet the issue fairly.
The fact that sixteen Montana Lum
Der companies have increased wages t
Montana labor news., 1945-12-06
DOMESTIC COPPER
SITUATION GOOD

Consumers were interested last week
in obtaining additional tonnages Of cop
per for November delivery, and most
observers feel that substantial tonnages
of foreign metal will be needed here
for some time to come to take care Of
domestic requirements. Lead business
was active, with some consumers less
inclined to pay close attention to the
limitations on use that remain in force.
There was some disappointment over
the size of the gain in stocks of zinc
recorded for October. Anhmony and
sadmium are in strong demand and
tight Quicksilver passed through an
other quiet PERIOD yet prices were main
tanned in all directions
Copper
The domestic situation in copper is
viewed as favorable, with consumption
continuing well in excess of current
domestic production Though the gov.
ernments position in regard to imports
has not yet been clarified, the industry
believes that foreign metal will remain
a factor in this market 70 rsome time
Montana labor news., 1945-12-06
TURQUOISE SHOWS
LARGE PRICE GAIN

In the last years there has been a
sharp shift in the evaluation and ap-
praisement of turquoise. No longer sold
by the pound, it is priced by the carat
now. A small bit OF choice turquoise
which may have sold for dime few
years ago now sells for about $40.
Because of this change, mining of
stone is no longer hit-and-miss prop
osition. The gemstone is removed now
from its natural resting place with a
care and expertness that accounts for
every bit OF the vivid color A pound of
stone contains 2260 carats
Turquoise however, does not come
out Of the ground in large solid chunks
but rather in small nodules, Jumps or
layers of various thicknesses. When
the waste is cut from a pound of ore,
the operator is lucky to have 500 car
ats Of marketable gems left. If high
grade, this will bring him about 81 a
carat. The bulk stone as taken from the
mine brings from $3.50 to $45 a pound.
Montana labor news., 1945-12-06
YOUR JOB AND
THE LAW

AAA LEAU
The relation between wages and
prices is nowhere better posed as an is
sue than in the current dispute between
General Motors and the United Auto
Workers (CIO). The UAW has filed
a charge with the NLRB that GIN has
refused to bargain in good faith, con-
trary to the Wagner act. The charge,
according to reports, is that while GIN
has said it is unable to pay wage in
creases without a price increase, 1t has
refused to discuss with the union its
ability to pay, its profits and its price
structure"
The GM side Of the story is pointedly
set out in recent editorial in the
Washington Post That editorial flatly
says that what GM charges for its cars
is solely management prerogative. In
other words, it is none Of the unions
business.
That argument is neither good law
nor good common sense. Let's look into
this a bit The law is clear that the
only kind Of bargaining recognized as
legal is good faith bargaining 1t has
also been held that if company re-
fuses to do what reasonable and fair
minded men are ordinarily willing to
do that indicates bad faith Is it rea-
sonable for the union to inquire into
profits and prices? So far as profits
are concerned, is it not reasonable for
the union to insist on a fair share for
its labors5
But the union can't argue about how
much of a share it is entitled to, unless
it knows first what there is to share
So, right on the face of it, when GIN
refuses to discuss profits, it just isn't
being reasonable. This doesn't mean
of course, that GIN has to agree to the
5 unions demands. But it does mean, al
{ the very least, that it ought to be will
ing to talk about it. And that it ap-
parently isn't willing to do.
Nor can anyone, with even the mos
elementary knowledge Of economics, ar.
' que that prices have no relation tC
wages We all know that it isn't money
wages that count It is what the none,
will buy A 30 or even a 50 per cen
raise in wages is meaningless if, at tn
same time, prices go up in proportion
a So when the union is arguing witt
GIN for a raise, and insisting at tn
same time that prices remain as is
what it is arguing for is a REAL rails
] and not a PHONY one.
ID TO urge, therefore, as GIN does, an,
p most of the Big Business newspaper
! do, that prices are none Of the union
business, is to argue that it is none o
the unions business what the worker.
b real wages are. 1t would be hard t
IS imagine a sillier argument
The common sense of the situation is
Of course, clear. And the law, unles
The NLRB and the courts reverse thei
j., decisions, is also clear
" Thus, for example i'm cases involvin
e the aluminium Ore Co. and the Singc
Sewing Machine Co. both the board an
p the courts took the position that re
% fusal TO discuss and supply similar il
formation was am unfair labor practic
r on the part of the companies. Tru
N those cases did not involve prices, bl
the principle is the same.
.e When we all realize that our moder
al economy works most fairly when all Il
w parts arc examined, we'll all be bett,
Montana labor news., 1945-12-06
LABOR EDITOR
PASSES
BY JAMES D. GRAHAM

Max S Hayes, dean Of labor editors,
founder. in 1891, of the Citizen" died
at his Cleveland, Ohio home Oct. Il,
in his eightieth year For almost 50
years he was the voice Of Organized
Labor as editor of the newspaper, the
Citizen" published in Cleveland.
Stricken with cerebral hemorrhage at
his residence after his first visit to
hospital in October, 1889, two weeks
later paraiytic stroke affected his
eyesight.
In February 194l, the dean of Amer
lean labor editors was honored by 1000
persons at a testimonial dinner in his
honor on the occasion Of the fiftieth
anniversary of the Citizen Unable
10 be present, Max Hayes heard the
speeches over a special telephone wire
At 10 years of age, Max became an
apprentice printer on the Cleveland
Press and became member OF the
Typographical union as soon as he could
qualify for membership.
Founded in 1891, the Citizen is now
the oldest labor paper in the United
States and in four years it was so
widely recognized as the voice OF the
working class that the American Fed
Grafton Of Labor convention in 1874
was forced to start the American Fed
erationist or accept the Citizen as the
official labor paper Of the nation.
In 1911, Max Hayes ran for presi-
dent of the American Federation OF
Labor and was defeated by a narrow
margin by the late Sam Gompers.
The closing 10 years of the last cen
tury and the first quarter OF this cen
tury saw a labor movement full OF lite
and activity, unions being organized
under difficulties, the militia of the
various states being used to break
strikes, judges using their position on
the bench to issue injunctions, judge
made laws to destroy unions and send
good law-abiding citizens to jail. Max
Hayes was active all through this pc
riod with voice and pen, rallying the
workers to oppose all these abuses.
At the conventions Of the American
Federation of Labor, Max was the
champion of all progressive measures
for the advancement of the workers and
their unions.
At the conventions of the Typograph-
ica1 union, Max was the advocate ol
more democracy and the rights of mem
bership to have say in the affairs ot
their international Tn the convention
Of Typos in the year 1897, Max led thc
fight for a constitutional amendment
to provide for the election OF the ofii
GERS Of the International by a vote O
the membership and succeeded.
In the year following, 1898. the mem
bers Of the Typographical union for tht
first time elected their Internationa
officers by vote of the membership
Since then the use Of the referendum
to fix the policy OF the Internationa
union Of the Typos has been EXTENDED
greatly. thanks to the editorials of Ma.
Hayes in the Cleveland Citizen.
In debate he was aggressive, ye
charitable and tolerant towards thos
who differed with him.
Max was a great friend Of Gene Deb
and Victor Berger of Milwaukee.
Montana labor news., 1945-12-06

to come During the last week, addi-
tional requests came through for No
vember copper from the wire and cable
industry
Exports OF refined copper Gngots,
bars, etc. in the first seven months of
AS totaled 28,l67 tons, the bureau Of
the census reports or this quantity.
289O tons was shipped to Mexico; 1902
tons to Brazil 3646 tons to France;
16,65O tons to Great Britain; rs tons
to Russia sol tons to Sweden and
495 to other countries.
Lead
Demand for lead continues at a high
level and consumers undoubtedly would
accumulate metal if they were permitted
to do So Domestic production OF re-
fined lead during November and De
cember is expected to increase SOME
what The stockple of lead totals
around 10000 tons, against 10000 tons
month ago.
Total stocks Of lead at United States
smelters and refineries at the beginning
of October amounted to 156,7S7 tons,
against l53,4S6 tons month previous,
the American bureau of metal statistics
reports.