davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-26

Gas has caused millions OF
deaths in the present war, and
every nation is using it, for it is
the explosive power of gas that
propels projectiles, planes and
ships, and puts the destructive
power in shells and bombs.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-26

The ban is on any preliminary
practise tunes by military bands
awaiting a formal session of the
delegates. At the first one, they
played Lover, Come Back To
Me" as a warmup and the early
arrivals stood around.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-26

1t may be nothing more than
a friendly gesture to visitors to
the State of California. But San
Franciscans lifted an eyebrow
when messengers went around
their city distributing oversize
match folders advertising San
Diego.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-26

never stopping III his Strlue ana
not saying another word.
Secretary of State Stettinius
was perfectly at home when he
called upon the delegates at the
opening session to pause for a
minute of solemn and silent
meditation. He used to be a
Y M. c. A. leader at the Uni
versity of Virginia.
The military police in and
around the Veterans Memorial
Building are on duty for four
hour stretches. That is, they
stand guard four hours, are off
duty eight hours. and then come
back for another four hour trick
The marble floors are hard on
your feet, but this isn't as bad
as drill" said Pfc Ray Johnson,
of Woodstock, III.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-26
WCTUSays
Nation is
Dryins-UP

EVANSTON, H., April 90
/ (F) The National Women's
Christian Temperance Union
says it believes the United
states lis again beginning to
dry up"
Mrs. d. Leigh Colvin, WCTU
president, said today dry forces
are gaining supporters.
Mrs. Colvin said a WCTU
survey disclosed that as of Jan.
/, l945, in % states having To-
cal option privileges there were
4,073 "bone dry areas, ranging
in size from counties and cities
to lesser units, as compared
with 1888 such areas on Jan. /.
1914.
She said, Sentiment for To-
cal option elections is growing
and an increasing number are
scheduled throughout the coun-
try. Violations of legal and NOR
al responsibilities by the liquor
traffic itself are chiefly respon-
sible for the trend.
'In Illinois where bars are
camouflaged by name as taverns
without the pre-Volstead dig
nifty of family entrances or free
lunches, $50 cities, villages,
townships and precincts are now
dry"
The WCTU survey report said
Texas has the largest number of
dry counties. with $40. Georgia
was reported second, with 1913,
and Kentucky third with "a.
States with the largest number
of dry local areas other than
counties were Illinois, $50 Gin
Guiding 1873 Chicago precincts) !;
Michigan, SOC; Pennsylvania,
480, and Wisconsin, $50.
"Only in IL states and the
District of Columbia, where To-
cal option elections are legally
stymied entirely. and in Della
ware (where voters rejected
prohibition) have voters of
some areas failed to curb the
deluge'", Mrs. Colvin said.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-26
SideIights On Gathering
to Safeguard the Peace

never stopping in his stride and
not saying another word.
Montana labor news., 1945-03-29

over the old Combat Road, which join
the new road trace at this point, anC
which was becoming increasingly diff,
cult to navigate due to rain. Construc.
ton of & pipeline had kept pace witt
the road and by now it was supplying
fuel to Tinghawk. An improved grave.
road ran twenty miles south to waIa-
zup Cmile 1851, where a new air strip
was under construction, Fighting on
the Kamaing front was only a few miles
below, and the supply road was built
right into the artillery emplacements.
Myitkyina
The beginning Of the monsoon could
reasonably be supposed to preface a
general let-down in the intensity Of the
Allied advance; a period of quiet wait
ing and relaxation could be expected.
Accidentally, it was impossible to supply
the $4,000 troops 50 far forward Of the
railhead under such conditions. So rea-
soned the Japanese.
But Uncle Joe Stilwell turned TO Brig
adler Gen. Lewis and Pick, white-haired
boss of Picks Pike, whose problems also
it was to keep the combat troops sup
piled. Can continued operations in the
valley be supported PLUS a surprise at
tack on forces on Myitkyina-during
the monsoon? It was a bold stroke and
on General Picks answer hinged the
decision. He loaned Uncle Joe two of
his Combat Engineer Battalions to assist
in the attack and committed himself to
support the operation.
The air field at Myitkyina was seized
at the end Of May. Surrounded by Jap
territory, the Americans and Chinese
chung desperately to their position;
they depended entirely on air supply and
air evacuation. June brought with it
everywhere rainfall well above the aver
age. The fighting continued vicious and
without quarter, but by the third of
August the town had fallen andt he area
was "mopped up" The advance was
months ahead of schedule.
Meantime another force of Chinese
British and some Americans pushed down
the valley from Warazup through Ka-
maing and MOgaung to Sahmaw, This
push was supported in part along a
badly flooded road and by barge down
the Mogaung River, but mainly by air.
Eventually this force established contact
with the Myitkyina troops, and the stu
alton at the end Of summer was well in
hand.
Throughout the monsoon, the engi-
neers were fighting to hold their own
The finished road stood up. Supply de-
pots and medical installations were de-
veloped near the air fields at shing-
bwiyang, Tingkawk, Karazup and Myit-
kyina. In spite of all the hardships, il
spite of the rains, the campaign had beer
pushed and won.
With the coming of dry weather il
october 1924, the ground forces agar
came into their own. The old road run
Montana labor news., 1945-03-29

ming through Kamaing and Mogaung Il
Myitkyina was rehabilitated and wa
carrying conveys in November. The new
road trace is being pushed forward with
incredible speed. Myitkyina is a grea-
forward base with airfields, warehouse.
and hospitals. With this support, COM
bat has pushed down toward Katha
Bhamo and beyond. japanese forces
have been completely routed.
The Pipeline
Integral in the project to supply China
is the pipeline. 1t va designed as a
continuous system starting with a tanker
unloading terminal at Calcutta; follow
ing the Brahmaputra Valley through
Bengal and Assam; across the Patkai
Range into northern Burma; on into
China with the eastern terminus at
Running in Yunnan province. The line
parallels the Ledo Road from Assam to
its junction with the Burma Road, then
it will follow the latter into Running.
, AS the line progressed, completed por-
Itions furnished gasoline and high speed
diesel fuel to the fighting and construc-
tion forces driving south. Later it was
a vital factor in supplying aviation gaso-
line to the numerous newly constructed
airfields along its route.
The line was divided into two sections:
one section was a 6-inch line from Cal
cutta to Tinsukia, in northern Assam,
approximately 75O miles, where it emp
tied into a large storage terminal. The
other section consisted of two 4-inch
lines starting at Tinsukia and ending at
Running, China, approximately 1000
Montana labor news., 1945-03-29
BUILDING OF THE
BURMA-LEDO ROAD
Continued from Page 81

Continued from Page 81
ing in all the brilliant achievements BY
the Corps of Engineers.
The Patkai mountains are one of the
foot-hill chains of the Himalayas. peak!
in the immediate vicinity of the roac
reach an elevation of about 5000 feet,
the highest point on the road itself Is
about 1900 feet. The soil is clay with
an insecure shale foundation; vegeta-
tion is a dense tangle of tropical hard
wood, bamboo and ferns. The valleys
are steep and narrow, and the streams
become torrents when rain falls In
their water sheds. Population Is thin,
and the small villages cling to the tops
of the hills. All native trails climb the
slopes at steep grades and follow high
saddles across the ridges. After two
weeks on foot in this territory, an engi-
neer colonel, who had spent much OF the
last twenty years in Alaska, termed this
the toughest country he had ever seen.
The first phase comprised the extend
ing of the road through the mountains
until it entered the Hukwang Valley Of
Northern Burma at Shingbwiyang (mile
1922. 1t was entirely construction. Com
bat was limited to minor patrol activity.
During this phase, construction, supply
and evacuation were complicated by the
fact that everything had to move over a
single gravel road building through the
mountains. By-passes were precluded,
Mud. broken bridges and landslides were
chronic. The use of native porters,
utilization of short cut trains for foot
traffic and air-dropping were purely
supplementary.
Late in December 1943, Americans and
Chinese were pouring into Shingbwiyang
over the break-through trail, an air strip
was in operation, and a hospital unit
was receiving Chinese casualties. The
lead bulldozer had plunged down Ksb-
kye Hill and reached the valley on the
9th of December. The first leg OF the
race to ChfhH Fad been covered.
The Valley Campaign
on December 81, two bulldozers start
ed cutting a new road south of Shing-
bwiyang through the Hukawng Valley to
the Tanai River Upper Chindwin). Be
cause this was definitely a combat zone,
guards from both the Chinese and Amer
lean armies were out in front and on
both flanks of the engineers. At Taihpa
Ca, a company of American engineers
constructed an airfield while being sub
jected to Jap artillery and sniper fire.
The men worked on a~rmor-plated equip-
ment, took to slit trenches during a bar
rage, then went back to work. A num-
Der of men were wounded, but the field
was completed in record time.
BY February 1914 the lead bulldozer
had advanced to Mile 134.5. At the end
of May, the lead bulldozer was at Mile
1905 (Warazup) where progress was
halted by enemy action. Air fields at
Shingbwiyang, Tinghawk Sakan and
Warazup were completed or under con
struction when the rains started. The
end of May brought the monsoon in full
strength. The rains, though later, were
Montana labor news., 1945-03-29

heavier than in 1913. In one two-day
period at Tagap a rainfall of over IL
inches was recorded. At Shingbwiyang
total rainfall for the season was over
the 150-inch mark.
Slides, washouts, cave-ins and waist
deep mud in many places we're encoun-
tered. ALI new road construction was
halted and nee more the engineer
troops to maintenance worked to hold the
road against encroachmentS of the mon
soon. There were black days, one after
another. Six major bridges were swept
away by flash floods during one 24-hour
period. But never was the road blocked
more than SO hours, and great conveys
Of trucks rolled over the road into Burma
all during the five-month-long rainy
season.
The Japanese had to be pushed back
to make way for the road. Tactically
this required clearing the valley by a
series of frontal pressures and thanking
movements, There were several difficult
river crossings. The Combat Command
was comprised of two American-trained
Chinese divisions. In later weeks Mer-
rill's famous "Marauders' moved down
the line. The Japs refused to withdraw
and had to be pushed back by the sheer
viciousness of repeated battles-Yup-
bang, Taihpa Ca, Maingkwan, Malabum,
Shaduzup.
Once in the flat lands, the road con-
struction problems changed in character
in three respects: % the old refuge
trail ran across the valley through the
principal villages. This was developed
into a two-track combat road. Along it
occurred the main action. 1t wa the
main supply line. (2) The Ledo Road
followed a different route along higher
ground in an arc to the east and rejoined
the old trail at the lower end of the vac
ley. This eliminated the necessity Of
this section carrying freight until it was
ready for traffic, It also permitted the
use of by-passes, and basic work pro-
eeeded at several points simultaneously.
The dense jungle growth resembled that
of the hills, but the construction prob
lem changed from sidehill cutting to
raising the roadbed over marshy areas.
90 Flat land facilitated the building of
air fields at vital locations. These were
extensively utilized for movement Of
supplies and personnel, and as bases for
fighters ana bombers so that our air
superiority could be maintained.
In April and May, the Chinese were
fighting their way down out of the
Hukawng and into the Mogaung Valleys,
meeting increasingly stiff opposition. At
the same time, a combat team Of Amer
leans and Chinese crossed eastward into
the Irrawaddy Valley, and secretly
moved toward the air field at Myitkyina.
The dry season was virtually over; the
road was graveled to about mile ISL; a
final fifteen mile link to the advance
s~ub-depot at Tingkawk was incomplete.
Access by ground to the latter town was
Montana labor news., 1945-03-29

line before trained engineer petroleum
distribution companies arrived to relieve
them. On the second anniversary of
Pearl Harbor the pipeline had delivered
its first gasoline to Ledo, and the storage
tanks at Mile 0, official starting line of
the Ledo Road, were filled. The first
of the Notwithstanding line
in operation, greatly easing the bur
den OF moving motor gasoline by truck
Montana labor news., 1945-03-29

miles.
In the early Fall of 1913 materials for
the 4-inch lines began to arrive in the
iLedo area, and in october General Pick
gave the signal to begin construction
There were no trained pipeline person.
nel available, SC Engineer General Serv-
lce troops were pressed into service. Work
started at Digboi, Assam, where motor
gasoline and high speed diesel fuel could
pc obtained from the Assam Oil Com
.pany.
At first many difficulties were n
countered and the unframed personnel
made slow progress. but after q few
weeks of practice these men were con-
structing pipeline like veterans and had
completed so miles of the first 4-inch
Montana labor news., 1945-03-29

Many difficulties confronted the crews
as they progressed. Although the line
parallelled the Ledo Road as closely as
possible, many times the right-of-way
had to deviate from the road due to
the terrain. In some cases ~bulldozer
traces had to be cut down and around
a mountain side in order to get pump
Continued on Page 81
The Wrangell sentinel., 1945-09-28

Chairman verbally or by letter Each exhibit must be accompanied by an itemized list of articles and a description of each article It is suggested that exhibits to be par dicularly interesting should show in addition to the finished pro duet the raw materials from when
 | was made. stages of the develop ment of the art or erant and the tools used by the artist or crafts man. It would add to the value of the eXhibM if someone wera present at all times to demonstrate or explain the art or craft. and il is suggested that the exhibitors make these arrangements if pos sible
 ?. Although ordinary precau- tions will be taken. the Executive Committee does not accept respon- sibility for loss or damage of ar ticles received or exhibited. \ GUS todian will be in the building. and doors will be locked between ex- hibit hours. Hosts and hostesses will be present in all exhibit rooms Exhibitors must make all arrange ments and pay the cost of trans porting the articels to and from the Exhibit.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1945-09-28
WRANGELL INVITED TO HAVE DISPLAY OF ARTS AT JUNEAU EXHIBIT

Communication received by The Sentinel from Miss Alice Brande- bury, chairman of the Creative Arts and Crafts exhibit. sponsored by the Juneau Women's Club, to be held in Juneau January 25. 26, and 27, 1946. gives rules and regulations for entrance of display.
 A similar exhibit, held last year was outstandingly successful. but contained only exhibits from Jun eau. This year Miss Brandebury explained, it is the desire to en- compass the whole of Alaska and exhibits have already been promis ed from Sheldon Jackson school at Sitka, from Nome, the Univehsity of Alaska, Puis x Mission at Skag- way and from the Alaska Native Service as well as from the Forest Service, Fish and Wildlife Service and Dept of Mines. Miss Brande- bury urges Wrangell's representa- tion in the display either by indi- yiduals or Wrangell Institute or both.
 Exhibits are limited items:
 1. Original and creative in arts and craft fields.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1945-09-28

sions and, wherever possible taking appropriate action for the welfare of Coast Guard veterans and their dependents. It will be non-politi- cal, non-partican. non-profit and non-sectarian.
 Caro stated that a pilot chapter had already been established in New Orleans and that others were now in the process of formation In the principal cities of the various Coast Guard Districts. ---
 Eligible for active membership are men or women who are serving or have been serving or have been honorably discharged from the Regular or Temporary Reserve branches of the Coast Guard Aux ilary.
 Associate membership will be granted to men and women who are or have been civilian employees of the Coast Guard and immediate relatives of any of the above class ifications. As few as six persons may establish local chapters of the league, determining their own con bylaws, etc. An initia- tion fee of one dollar per year has ben established. AS soon as organ ization is complete it is intended to publish a national magazine con taining articles of interest to the of the League and the Coast Guard.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1945-09-28
MARJORIE BUNTIN
 DEPT. OF HEALTH NURSE ASSIGNED TO WRANGELL

Mrs. Marjorie Buntin, Territor- ial Department of Health nurse has been assigned to Wrangell from Petersburg and will take up her duties here October 5. Mrs Buntin has been making periodic trips to Wrangell to take care of health matters, but it is now an- nounced that with her assignment here the local Health Center will open continuously from October 5 to November 8. Office hours will be from l to p. m. daily and on Fridays from 1 to p. m. She will be at the school from S:30 to 9:30 daily.
 Mrs. Buntin has had many years experience in nursing and public health matters and will be most welcome to Wrangell by all who are acquainted with her ability in her profession.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1945-09-28
Only 3 Applications
 So Far In Alaska For
 Federal Works Funds

JUNEAU-Of the S15, 5,0O0.000 .ra e available ny he Federal Goncrnmcn' for acyaGcl pla ,aing approNiua'eiv S11,oOJ,g0 nas been requested by applicants throughout the nation. who have submitted a total of 1,05S aDpli-
 cations Most of these Epplica- tions have come from the central states Presumably the concentra- ton of war activities on the Pa cific Coast has diverted attention from the advance planning pro- gram in this region. The sum of S194,844 was allotted to the state of Washington; however, only S85,992 of this amount has so far been requested, only seven eligible applications have been received Oregon with a total a. mount of $124,206 has submitted eight eligible applications in the total amount of SS5,992. Monta- na has submitted Is eligible ap- plications in a total of S159,694, or nearly twice the sum of $84.- S75 allotted for the state. It is expected that additional Federal
 funds will be made available. Idaho with an allotment of sS4,- 875 has not yet submitted any applications. Alaska with a simi- lar amount allotted to it has ahs submitted only three appli- cations in the amount of $13,000. It is understood, however, that a number of additional applications are now being prepared for sub mission by Alaska communities.
 MT. L. R. Durkee, Division En- gineer Northwest area) of the Bureau of Community Facilities Federal Works Agency, Seattle, Washington, says that the cessa- tation of hostilities in the Pacific will unquestionably result in a marked and immediate increase in advance planning applications.
 The Federal funds made avail able to applicants for this pur- pose are to be repaid if, as and when construction starts. No in- trest is charged for the use of these funds.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1945-09-28

?. Produced in recent years by people in Alaska
 5. Preferably produced through the use of Alaskan materials and by the talents of the people in the Territory. This illustrates the de- sire for emphasis on exhibits show ing adoption of native designs in modern arts and crafts. The nat i've designs and work are the her itage of the Territory. and should be encouraged in modern use.
 1 Entered by artists or crafts men or by non-profit groups or associations in behalf of indiyid- uals.
 5. Also displaying materials d. vailable in Alaska for use in arts and crafts;
 6. complying with above and not having been exhibited at the previous Exhibit in January 1915.
 Additional rules and regulations follow.
 1 Any individual, group or or ganization wishing to enter an OK hibit must clear such exhibit with a member of teh Executive Com mittee or the Divisional Chairman. Before submission, items should completely described to the Exec utiye Committee or Divisional
The Wrangell sentinel., 1945-09-28
COAST GUARD LEAGUE BEING FORMED FOR
 EXC. G. PERSONNEL

KETCHIKAM-Pla for formS- tion of a postwar association Of Coast Guard personnel to be known as the Coast Guard League was annaunced here this week by It. Warren Caro, USCGR, military aide to Governor of Alaska Ernest Gruening.
 The League. whose basic organ ization has already been outlined by a council of Coast Guard per- sonnel who have returned to civil ian life and those who remain in the service. In addition the League proposes to further the interests of the Coast Guard, observing it's anniversaries and historical occa-
The Wrangell sentinel., 1945-09-28
BILL WYNN EXPECTED HERE BY FIRST OF THE MONTH

Vim, during the war stationed in Wrangell, liked the town so we'll that he bought partnership in Wrangell Steam Laundry and intends to make his permanent home here. Jim Simmons, in part nership with Vim, is also a for mer Signal Corps man.
The Wrangell sentinel., 1945-09-28
ALTAR SOCIETY ENTERTAINS
 TEACHERS WITH LUNCHEON

Ladies Altar S0eiety Ot the Catholic church Wednesday gave a luncheon at the church rectory onoring teachers of Wrangell and Wrangell Institute About thirty attended. ArranEements were under direction of Mrs. Mary Steear. Mrs Ray Nolan and Mrs. Grace Miles.
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-25
Seek $4,000
Rail Workers

WASHINGTON. July "a dNS)
The Senate war investigating
committee today called for imme-
diate government action TO get
IS, 900 additional men into rail-
road worry
The ccinIa!t+ec-tuUk-thiS action
as the nations railroads creaked
under the vast load Of redeploy-
ment of troops and Col. j. Mon
roe Johnson. ODT director, said
he fears the gigantic task may fail
because of lack of manpower.
Senator Mead Cd of New
York, chairman of the Senate
committee, announced that he
will take the railroad manpower
problem 10 selective service, the
VINO and the railroad retirement
board. after hearing Johnson S
testimony.
The ODT chief told the commit
tee that only additional man
power will keep the railroads
from falling down on the job OF
moving troops from Europe 10
West Coast posts for the Pacific
area
The committee broke off the
hearing without calling army wit
neSses, although the war depart
ment announced publicly it
would welcome" the chance 20
tell its side Of the story.