Evening star., 1945-03-18

ern Hemisphere political, military, eco
nomic and social problems in way that
they hope will make it bulwark of the
projected world security organization.
The course was charted at the Inter-
American Conference on War and Peace
Problems which ended at Mexico City
March 8 with the adoption of numerous
measures strengthening the regional sys-'
tenn of cooperation and foreshadowing
a more complete reorganization at a
full-dress conference on American states
to be held next year in Bogota, Colombia.
The governing board of the Pan
American Union, itself reorganized and
given broader powers by the Mexico
City Conference. was assigned the task
of preparing for submission to the
American governments by December 81
a draft of charter for the improve
ment of the inter- American system"
Sponsored by U. S.
The proposed new charter would re-
affirm and consolidate principles adopted
by the American republics in past years
for peaceful settlement of disputes and
continental solidarity in meeting COM
mon problems and provide for co-ordi-
nation between various inter- American
agencies and the projected world organ
tzation
Sponsored by the United States, the
resolution providing for reorganization
of the 'inter-American system" defined
this system, with the principles, instru-
ments, agencies and modes of action
which give it substance" as constituting:
THE living manifestation of the de-
termination of the sovereign American
republics to act together for the full
flllment of their common purposes in
the maintenance of their peace and
security and in the promotion of the
well-being of their peoples
Calling for strengthening and i'm
provement of the regional system for
"the purpose of adjusting and solving
tnter-American problems" this resolu-
tion established the principle that it
should maintain the closest relations
with the proposed general international
organization and assume the appropriate
responsibilities in harmony with the
principles and purposes of the general
international organization
Follows World Plan Pattern.
Among the new agencies to be set up
Professionally by the Pan American
Union governing board pending perma-
nent action by the 1916 Bogota con-
ference is an inter American economic
and social council which would maintain
liaison with the corresponding organ of
the world organization provided for in
the Dumbarton Oaks proposals It's task
would be to promote the social progress
and the raising of the standard of liv-
ing of all the American peoples"
On the political side the reorganiza-
ton plan adopted at the Mexico City
Conference makes the full-dress con-
ferences of American states correspond
roughly to the assembly in the proposed
world security organization and meet
ings of American foreign ministers to
the security council.
To meet regularly every four years, the
conferences of American states will have
charge of formulating general inter-
American policy. The foreign ministers
meetings, to be held once year, are
charged with taking decisions on prob
lens of great urgency and Importance
concerning the inter American system
and with regard to situations and dis
putes of every kind which may disturb
the peace of the American republics"
Union to Be CO. ordinating Agency.
The Pan American Union governing
board itself is given broader powers to
take action, within limitations imposed
upon 1t by conferences of American
states, on every matter which affects
the effective functioning of the inter-
American system and the solidarity and
general welfare of the American re-
publics"
The traditional organization of the
board, with its members being the
United States Secretary of State and
the ambassadors of Latin American
countries in Washington, was changed
by the Mexico City Conference to re-
move grounds for feeling that it was
dominated by the United States. Begin
ming May l, the boards members will
be lad hoe" delegates of the American
governments with the rank of ambassa-
dors but not part of their countries
diplomatic missions here. The chairman
of the governing board will be elected
annually on rotating basis hereafter
instead of being automatically the
United States Secretary of State. who
VIII give up the chairmanship next
November
OF greater immediate concern than
the long-range reorganization of the
machinery of inter- American co-opera-
ton to strengthen it and prepare it for
whatever new responsibilities may be
assumed within the proposed world Or
ganization was adoption of a regional
security system backed by force in the
Act of Chapultepec
: Security for Hemisphere.
This measure, for the first time in
Pan American history providing for the
joint application of sanctions, including
military force if necessary, to prevent
or repel aggression within the hemi-
sphere, was drafted to conform with the
principles OF the world security organ
ization whenever established.
Indorsing the Dumbarton Oaks pro-
posals as a basis for discussions aimed
at setting up general international
peace organization, the American re-
publics represented at Mexico City de-
clared that they desire to make their