davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-01-31
BarkIey May Request
Wallace RecommittaI
Pending Action on RFC
Showdown Is Expected
Tomorrow; Opposition
To Seek EorIy Vote

By the Associated Press.
The biggest Democratic party
split since the 1887 Supreme
Court fight appeared to be de-
veloping today around Henry A.
Wallace's nomination as Secre-
tary of Commerce.
Stripped of its window-dressing
the battle is fundamentally one be-
tween those who regard themselves
as a liberal element of the party
headed by Mr.. Wallace, and the ole
line Democrats represented by Sen
ators Byrd of Virginia, George OF
Georgia, Bailey of North Carolina
and others.
Legislative leaders readied a COM
promise they hoped would keep
penned-up animosities from spilling
out on the Senate floor, But there
was every indication both sides in
tend to have their say before the
issue of Mr.. Wallace's confirmation
as Secretary of Commerce is fully
settled. The showdown is expected
tomorrow.
Barley to Seek Delay.
In the absence of any direct word
from President Roosevelt, Majority
Leader Barkley planned to ask that
the Wallace nomination be sent
back to the Commerce Committee.
There it would await the final en-
actment and signing of a bill divest-
ing the Commerce Department of
control over the Reconstruction FL
nance Corp, and other lending
agencies.
Senator Pepper, Democrat, of
Florida and other Wallace support
ers have conceded that only by
giving up the monetary bureaus can
the former Vice President win
confirmation.
But Senator Byrd told reporter
that any administration move to
delay a showdown would be greeted
by a substitute motion to call up
the nomination for a test vote. He
forecast a Senate majority would
demand immediate consideration of
the appointment.
This is the biggest split we've
had in the Democratic party" the
Virginian declared. There is moth
ing in common between the South
ern Democrats and the CIO wing
that Wallace represents.
Predicts Wallace Defeat.
"Mr. Wallace made the threat in
his New York City speech Tuesday
night to go to third party if the
radicals can't control the Demo
cratic party. 1t would be the big
gest blow he could strike against
the conservatives if he could win
Evening star., 1945-01-31
Latest Overseas Star
Ready for Mailing

The latest issue of The Stars
Overseas Edition is ready for
mailing today. Free copies.
with envelopes. are obtainable
at The Stars business counter
and the Victory Bond booth
in Lansburgh's department
store.
The Overseas Star may be
sent by ordinary mail for 8
cents, but it will be delivered
much more quickly-and will
be all the more appreciated
If sent by airmail at IL cents.
Evening star., 1945-01-31
NoziRodio Warns
Few Wishing to
Desert Reich
Other Broodcosts Tell
OfMiIIions of Refugees
Fleeing Toward Berlin

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Jan. 31.-Some Ger
mans are ready to surrender, the
Berlin radio said today, but de-
clared that "those cowardly
creatures who try to desert the
Fatherland in it's hour of need
are relatively few among our
people"
Echoing Hitler's cry for a German
fight to the death, the radio issued
new warnings to those who were
ready to quit.
"We shall not permit them to
throw a wrench in the works." one
Nazi broadcast declared.
Germany will fight on no matter
where or under what conditions, :"
the Berlin radio said, as other Ger
Evening star., 1945-01-31
American and 9 Others
Die in Austrolion Crush
BY the Associated Press.

BY the ASSoCiated Press.
MELBOURNE, Australia, Jan. 81.
Ten persons were killed when an
air passenger transport blew up in
midair today 43 minutes after leav-
ing here for Broken Hills in Western
Australia.
Two of those killed were flung
from the plane by the explosion.
The burned bodies of the others
were found in the wreckage.
The victims included an American,
H. E. Black, representing the Allison
Engines Corp. on the Iona Aus
tralian Air Services.
Evening star., 1945-01-31
American Troops
Across Border at
Two New Places
BULLETIN.

PARIS R.-White-clad in
fantry of the American 1st
Army stormed across the
Snowdrifted German border
at two new places today and
artillery started pouring shells
into the main concrete works
of the Siegfried Line. 1t was
believed at supreme head
quarters that the next few
hours might begin to show
whether the Nazis could hold
their Notifications with the
forces left after they bolstered
the eastern front.
Evening star., 1945-01-31
Mcfarland on Stand,
F|at|y Denies Meeting
Dorothy Berrum
Says He Didn't Garry Knife
Or Own Belt Found at
Murder Scene in Park
BULLETIN,

DR.. Thomas Vernon Moore
of Catholic University testified
at the Mcfarland trial this
afternoon that he felt quite
sure that Earl Mcfarland 'has
absolutely no memory of the
crime he is supposed to have
committed, if he did commit
it," The psychiatrist said that
if he killed Dorothy M. Berrum
he was of unsound mind at
the time. Asked by Defense
Counsel P. Bateman Ennis if
he felt that Mcfarland "is safe
to be at large in his present
condition" DR.. Moore respond
ed that "he is not"
Flatly denying the murder o
Dorothy M. Berrum, Marine Pfc
Earl Mcfarland. her accuses
slayer, admitted in District Cour
today that he had met "a short
woman" on the night o
the crime, but stated positivel,
that the woman was not the tin,
Government clerk whose bod.
was found on Hams Point.
The wiry Guadalcanal veteran
took the witness stand in his owl
defense to deny that he owned tn
marine belt found near Miss Ber
runs body and also denied he wa.
carrying the switch-blade knif'
which the Government contends wa
In the cab which tool
Miss Berrum and q marine com
panion to East Potomac Park
Mcfarland, under direct examina
ton by George A. Cassidy, IT,, asso
ciate defense attorney, answered TO
(See AND page A.fso
Evening star., 1945-01-31
BY ]. A. O'LEARY.

Calling for defeat of all amend
ments that may be offered to
the compulsory work bill, Speaker
Rayburn today warned the au-
thors of these changes that they
may be responsible if the bill
fails to pass.
He made the statement at his
daily press conference just before
the House began voting on details
of the May bill, which military
leaders have said is urgently needed
to back up the men on the fighting
fronts.
The Speaker also revealed that he
will take the floor before the debate
is over in personal appeal to the
membership to stand by the military
leaders. Such an appeal from the
chambers presiding officer is rare
and usually occurs only on issues
deemed of great importance.
Mr.. Rayburn told reporters he
fears what these boys at the front
will think of us if we don't do what
Army and Navy leaders have said is
necessary to bring an early and sue
cessful conclusion to the war"
Lists Amendments.
The Speaker mentioned specifi-
cally among the amendments that
should be beaten the proposed anti
closed shop provision, to give draft
registrants the right to Din or stay
out of labor unions; the amendment
to give statutory support to the
work of the Presidents Fair En-
ployment Practice Committee to
prevent racial discrimination, and
complete substitutes for the May
bill by which opponents of national
service legislation will seek to re-
tain voluntary recruiting methods
on the home front.
'I'm going to take the floor at
the proper time and say that the
committee Con military affairs has
considered this subject for long
time and brought forward the best
compromise it could" Mr.. Rayburn
declared
Although the measure has been
critized by some groups, the Speaker
pointed out that both the Army and
Navy say it will do the job that
confronts them of raising in the
next six months 100000 men for
the fighting fronts and 100000 ad-
ditional workers of war industries at
home.
I'm order to do that we have got
to vote down all" Mr.. Rayburn add
ed. The Speaker said he knows
that if these amendments are
adopted, each one will pull block
of votes away from the measure and
may endanger its passage. Then
he added:
"The people who are offering
these amendments are assuming a
tremendous responsibility, and they
may be entirely responsible for the
defeat of the BILL
Representative Wadsworth, Re-
publican, of New York will offer this
afternoon the amendment to give
draft registrants who are assigned to
war plants the right to join or stay
out Of labor unions. Mr.. Wadsworth
will couple with it guarantee that
laws providing for collective bar
gaining and wage-hour control will
not be interfered with.
If this amendment goes in, sup
porters of the bill are fearful it will
lead to other changes that would
endanger final passage, including
the FEPC provision.
Tentative Action Today.
Under House rules the decisions
reached today will be in Committee
OF the Whole. where record votes are
not permitted. This means that
any amendments adopted by teller
vote today will be tentative, and
subject to a roll call later, before
final passage. 1t is entirely possible,
therefore, that some of these con-
troversial issues may be written into
Evening star., 1945-01-31
Two Indicted on Charge
OF Basket Ball Bribes
Earlier Story on Page A-14.)

Earlier Story on Page A-14.)
BY the Associated Press.
BROOKLYN, Jan. 31.-The Kings
County grand jury today handed
down an indictment charging Har-
vey Stemmer and Henry Rosen with
conspiracy in connection with the
alleged bribing of five Brooklyn Col
lege basket ball players to throw
tonight's game with Akron Univer-
sity in Boston.
Both men were held lnderS$2 600
bail on order of County Judge Sam
uel S. Leibowitz and their trial was
set for February 13.
Evening star., 1945-01-31
MAP on Page A-6.J

By the Associated Press.
PARIS, Jan. 31-Ten or more
American divisions today edged
steadily forward into a 30-mile
fortified zone at the center of
the western front, increasing
pressure on the Germans who
had robbed their Siegfried Line
defenseS to bolster the Russian
front.
(The Berlin radio said the
Americans had launched new
attack with strong forces, includ-
ing tanks on both sides Of
Monschau along a broad front.
Gen. Eisenhower was said to have
massed go divisions, nearly half of
them armored, for a full-scale
offensive along the whole front.
The Germans admitted some vii
lagos were lost, but said their
front had been broken at no
place.
The 1st and Sd Armies were driv-
ing into the thinned-out Siegfried
Line and they advanced to within 3
miles of two headwater dams con-
trolling the food levels of the Roer
River, major barrier before
Cologne.
Bridgehead Widened.
1t. Gen. George S. Pattons Sd
Army widened its bridgehead across
the Our River into Germany to S
miles and thrust it a mile and a
half into the Reich within IL miles
Of the Siegfried Line bastion Of
Prum.
The initiative was back in Gen.
Eisenhower's hands and as fast as
the infantrymen and armor could
move through the slushy, deep
drifted snowfields, he was slamming
a new challenge from the west
against the Reich.
Battlefront reports said the
Americans who lashed out east of
Monschau found Siegfried Line pill
boxes abandoned and undefended.
In that area, the 1st Army was at
tacking south of 35-mile section Of
the West Wall which had been con-
quered earlier in the winter cam
.paign. The section extended from
Linnich along the Roer to east of
Monschau.
Nazis Make Pre-Dawn Attacks.
In other places, the Germans were
trying desperately to regain their
balance from surprise pre-dawn as
tacks. At one place. they struck back
with a small counterattack which
failed to check the American surge
Initial advances ranged up to, 4
miles. More than a dozen towns
mostly German, fell. Opposition was
mostly negligible and largely from
the very young and the infrm OF
the hastily mustered Volkssturm.
Although the active attack front
was 80 miles wide, pressure was be-
ing exerted on an 80-mile frontier
zone from the Monschau Forest vii
lage of Kesternich to Sinz in Ger
many, southeast of Luxembourg
City. The attack force presently
committed was half as large as that
hurled by Field Marshal Won Rund-
stedt before Christmas into the Bel
gian bulge.
Minimum of "a Divisions.
1t. Gen. Courtney H. Hodges sent
the 1st, I'd, 9Th, 18th, Goth and one
other division of the 1st Army into
the drive-which was assuming the
proportions of an offensive. Gen
Patton committed four Sd Army di-
visions, the 5th Infantry, 9Th Arm
Evening star., 1945-01-31
MAP on Page A-4.)

LONDON, Jan. 81. German
broadcasts today declared Ret
Army columns had spread within
So and 81 miles of Berlin, ane
fierce armored battles were re.
ported churning the snow-driftee
front within 20 miles of the Odel
River.
Nazi broadcasts said Marsha
Gregory zhukov's troops hae
reached Soldin, So miles northeast
of Berlin's city limits, and zielenzig
IS miles to the south and 62 miles
due east of the capital. zielenzie
is SIS miles from the suburbs in
cluded in Greater Berlin.
At Saldin, Zhukov's forces were
within 36 miles of Stettin on the
Baltic as his flank drives north anc
south increased the peril to Berlin
If Stettin is reached, all of North
eastern Germany will be Topped off
Moscow dispatches said the Rec
Army was only so miles from Koslin
Baltic port midway between Stettir
and Danzig.
Columns Reach Oder.
zhukov's columns hitting south
westward reached the Oder at a
point about 38 miles southeast OF
zielenzig and near Grunberg. Ger
man broadcasts reported fighting
northeast of Grunberg, but gave nc
indication that Zhukhov actually
had forced the Oder to reach Grun-
berg.
Zhukov's troops were close to a
linkup with the 1st Ukrainian Army
of Marshal Ivan Konev, which has
stormed over the Oder farther south
in Silesia, and were in position for
a possible drive westward to outfank
Frankfurt and the main Oder line
before Berlin.
Zielenzig is 20 miles from the Oder
and Soldin is "a.
Meanwhile, indications mounted
that the Germans were preparing
to fght street by street for Berlin.
Later in the day the Nazis imposed
a partial blackout on news broad
casts at homeland abroad.
A German broadcast at noon said
zhukov's infantrymen were keeping
up with armored spearheads driving
toward Berlin on wide front.
Fierce Battle Raging.
Fierce battles are raging in the
bend formed by the Oder and War
the Rivers, which merge at Kus-
trim, % miles northwest of zielen-
zig, Berlin said. zielenzig is q
miles northeast of the Oder Rivel
fortress city of Frankfurt and is q
miles east of Kustrin.
Heavy fighting occurred at Ziel-
enzig, Meseritz and Wiburg, ths
Germans said, while Moscow re.
ported that the advance had beer
retarded somewhat by blizzards.
Today's German communique saie
Russian attacks from their bridge.
heads across the Oder in Uppel
Silesia were stopped and in tn,
center declared "our troops engaged
in heavy battle against enemy in
fantry and tank forces pushing tt
the west in the Oder -Warthe bend.
High Nazis already have pledged
a fight before, in and behind
Berlin and reports to Swedish news,
papers said the German high com.
mand would formally declare Berlir
a fortified city to be defended
stone by stone"
Moscow dispatches declared zhu.
kov's tanks were sweeping westward
in deep SHOWS in new squirt toware
the Oder east of Berlin and quotee
captured German officers as saying
the Nazi positions broken in Bran.
denburg were "tf1e last strong de.
fense line before the Oder"
Great armored battles were re.
ported in which German Roya
Tiger tanks were pitted agains
Stain tanks of the Russians.
In East Prussia the capital O.
Konigsberg was nearly surrounded
(See RUSSIA page A-40
Evening star., 1945-01-31
Armored BATTLES Rage in Snow;
u. S. 1st Army Shells West Wall
Other Russian
Forces 81 Miles
From Capitol
BULLETIN.

LONDON P. Red Army
troops have captured Lands
berg, 68 miles east of Berlin,
Premier Stain announced to-
night. The city is a great rail
and road junction on the
Berlin-Danzig line. Marshal
Gregory Zhukov's plunge to-
ward Berlin also toppled Mes
eritz, Schwiebus and Zullichau,
southeast of Landsberg.
Evening star., 1945-01-31
House Rejects
Work or Fight
Rule
Vote of l78-142
Roises Hopes Of
May Bill Bockers
BULLETIN.

The House today beat the
anti-closed shop amendment
to the compulsory work bill,
by a teller vote of 178 to 142,
thereby raising the hopes of
administration leaders Of
passing the measure to make
draft regiStrants between 18
and As liable for war work.
Evening star., 1945-01-31

Fiue additional men from
the District area hare been
reported killed in this Udr. See
"On the Honor Roll" Page Az.
Evening star., 1945-01-31

(See GERMANS, Page A-3D
Evening star., 1945-01-31

(See PHILIPPINES, Page A-5)
Evening star., 1945-01-31

(see WESTERN FRoNTsPage A-e)
Evening star., 1945-01-31

(See WALLACE, Page A-5D
Evening star., 1945-01-31

(See MANPOWER, Page A.
Evening star., 1945-01-31
Minimum of "a Divisions.

1t. Gen. Courtney H. Hodges sent
the 1st, I'd, 9th, 18th, Goth and one
other division of the 1st Army into
the drive-which was assuming the
proportions of an offensive. Gen.
Patton committed four Sd Army di-
visions, the 5th Infantry, 9Th Arm
Evening star., 1945-01-31

(See MCFARLAND, Page A-60
Evening star., 1945-01-31

(See RUSSIA, Page A-4.
Evening star., 1945-01-31
Guide for Readers

An Associoted Press Newspor
Evening star., 1945-01-31

(See STETTTNIUS, Page A-4.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-12-27
Debt Analysts Erase Gloom
From Fiscal Picture for '46

concluded with England. The
aftermath" budget may therefore
amount to $s5, GOO, o0o, 900, of which
taxation and some billions recovered
from surplus goods and plants may
bring in $4,000, 0OO, 900 to $29, 00o,-
00O, 900.
We think that this aftermath"
budget could be brought much
nearer or entirely to balance, If the
sale of surplus goods and plants were
to be pushed more vigorously than
is now visible; If some large savings
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-12-27
Stock Sale Barred Pending
Appeal by Dollar Interests

Justice Henry A. Schweinhaut of
District Court, who several days ago
dismissed a suit brought by the
Dollar Steamship Line of Cali
fornia, the ]. Harold Dollar estates
and two individuals, seeking to en-
join the United States Maritime
Commission from selling certain
stock, yesterday afternoon granted
an injunction pending appeal of
the case.
The suit seeks to restrain the
commission from selling 1886, 243
shares of American President Lines
stock. The stock is represented as
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-12-27
THE EVENING STAR, Washington, D. C.. Ali
~,

but is said by them to have been
fully paid.
The Government contended, how
ever, the stock was turned over to
the commission by an agreement,
under which the American Presi-
dent Lines received certain benefits,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-12-27
Mrs. Norton Leaves HospituI

JERSEY CITY, N. j.. Dec. ~ (P).
Representative Norton, Democrat.
of New Jersey has returned to her
home from the Medical Center,
where she was under treatment for
an infection contracted during a
trip abroad recently. Mrs. Nor
tons doctor said yesterday she
was still very sick woman"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-12-27

including loans for construction
and reconditioning Of ships. The
Dollar interests, however, declare
that such an agreement, If entered,
is invalid. The Dollar, interests
seek a return of the stock.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-11

Stain in Moscow than whether a
municipal stadium should be built
in Washington. Personalities in the
Capital tend to distract organiza-
lions from tasks to which they
should lend support is the concen-
sus in Washington.
Many admit it is easy to lose ones
civic pride in the weller of Embassy
parties and the chance to see and
meet prominent people who are here
today and gone tomorrow. Capital
ties know that often these person.
ages don't give a hang" to meet
you or whether the District gets
the vote. Meeting them is inter-
esting but in steady dose amounts
to "escapism." In brief this is de-
scribed as official Washington and
it's "campfollowers." Before the war
people spent money to forget on
the beaches of the Riviera. Wash
ington, some will agree, now has
some of this "escapism." A diet OF
that ends nowhere, these groups
declare, unless sufficient time and
thought is given to improving homes,
the city and, therefore, futures.
A number of Washingtonians are
in agreement that women should be
able to appreciate the attractions
of the Capital at war but still re-
main willing to listen to civic spokes-
men making an effort to encourage
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-11
Glamour of Washington Life
Comtuses ManyLocal Groups
BY Catherine r. Hambley

Feeling is growing here that, ac-
cording to evidence gathered, an
effort must be made on the part of
some organizations ito keep on the
job" This is said to be due to the
change in Washington. The real
difficulty, it is believed, appears to
be the failure Of newcomers to
Washington to understand there is
a mass of permanent residents
whose vital interests lie here.
Once a town somewhat similar
to any American town but with fea-
lures setting it apart as a capital
of a nation, Washington in later
years has expanded with govern
ment gaining weight on diet fed
by the taxpayers. With the war,
the city leaped forward to become
metropolis overcrowded with per-
sons from everywhere. Now a world
center, it has long dropped a pro-
vincialism and is becoming sophis-
ticated. The responsibilities of
members of the community, it is
thought, have increased proportion
ately with growth of the District.
Relative to women's organizations
now, leaders say there is OCCASION
ally tendency on the part of
some groups to meet too much
among themselves for gossip, "dood-
ling" and cake pushing" with too
little effort toward aiding the COM
munity. They declare that from
the individual standpoint their work
Is noteworthy but collectively re-
suits are small. When the former
size of the city is considered, they
assert contributions of these groups
have been important. Now, how
ever, efforts are swamped by COM
munity which has "outgrown its
strength"
Washington's population, accord
ing to the Board of Trade, will not
decrease materially after the war.
Therefore women's clubs, many lead
ers think, have responsibility to meet
the challenge and will meet it if
they have the energy, initiative and
imagination necessary.
1t is understood that in the past
year an effort has been made by a
number of groups to interest wom-
en- in national and international
affairs. A majority have shown an
eagerness to hear Senators and Rep
Iresentatives speak. Enthusiasm over
problems facing the District has
been less. The more far-fetched
the subject, it is said, the more
glamour it seems to have for Dis
trict clubwomen. They would rather
hear about erection of a statue of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-11
Many Couples United Yesterday
In Ceremonies Held IN CabitaI

Weddings continue to high light
and those which yesterday the Capital particular
interest residential well circles Miss Marjorie
ovette daughter Of Mr. Carl Dexter Jovette became the
bride of Helen
Arlington The took place at o'clock in St Thomas
Episcopal A. McCalm officiating
reception the Hotel 24OO followed the ncud
ing the wedding party and immediate families.
Given marriage by her father the bride of white
lace with skirt of moune de sole Her fngertp veil of bridal
illusion fell Mary Stuart she carried white Bible with
white orchids and shower of lilies valley
Miss Virginia Carpenter, the maid of
silk marquiSette oldfasoned
bouquet of pink flowers The other the Misses Worth
igon Thema Jean Jovet Elizabeth Brigham Elizabeth Tracy
and Mrs Marion Abbott and Charles petal pink
marue carried All white horsehar