davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1945-02-26

made good in his biggest ring test,
today was being toasted in De-
troit- fistic circles.
The honors came in the wake
of Grieris smashing one sided
victory over Ruby Garcia in a
hard l0-round bout at Olympia
last night.
An underdog inthe betting, the
Detroit lightweight. who never
before had fought more than six
rounds, outboXed and outpunched
the rugged Puerto Rieeh- He won
all 10 rounds and the unanimous
decision of referee Sam Hennessey
and two judges.
So earnest was the battling
that the pair fought furiously for
seconds after the final bell until
split out by Hennessey. In this
round, the desperate Garcia made
his best showing. but il was not
enough. His face was covered
with blood at the end.
DECISIVE WIN
II was the opinion of many
regulars at the ringside that
Grlers victory over Garcia was
more decisive even than that OF
Make Shapiro, who fought the
tough Islander in the same ring
recently.
Grier got a big hand from the
crowd when he left the ring.
In the other half of double
windup. Gene Gudgill, another
underdog, knocked out Milton
Kessler in the last of a bout
scheduled for 10 rounds.
The end came With one minute
and 55 seconds gone in the round
A terrific right TO the jaw put
Kessler out cold. 1t was some
minutes before he was able tc
leave the ring.
MUSA KAYOED
Willie watkins of Detroit
knocked out Sal Musa of Buffalo
in 55 seconds. the visiting fireman
taking the count on one knee. Il
looked like Watkins turned the
trick with a right smash 10 the
jaw, though some toner!
thought he might have beer
chilled to defeat by the wartime
temperature in Olympia.
Jimmy Neeley and Mickey
Quack fought a siX-round draw
Neeley landed the most damaging
punches, but il was close enough
to save the officials who did tn,
voting from leaping into the De
troit River.
Cliff Beckett failed to show VI
for a fight with Charley Padalint
because he failed to get his re
entry permit from the Canadian
government in time Beckett live
IN Sudbury, Ont.
PERMIT NEEDED
They've got a new law across
the river which makes a permi
for war workers like Beckett nee
essary. The crowd was disap
pointed.
Walter Starkey of Detroit wor
"A four-round decision over Franz
Olsway Of Bad Axe.
While an artistic success. the
turnout at the gate was anything
but a terrific success. A crowC
of 5000 persons paid a gross gate
of S6,211.90 met $4,627 10 see
the show.
1t was announced that George
Kochan and Coley Welch will tor
the next boxing bill at Olympia
Friday. March 9.
Detroit evening times., 1945-02-26
Hockey Standings
NATIONAL LEAGUE

Chicago AZ DETROIT.
New York at Toronto.
Detroit evening times., 1945-02-26
RING UNDERDOGS
SCORE WINS HERE
Grier, GudeilI
Get The Duke
BY LEO MACDONELL

Emmett Grier, a local boy who
made good in his biggest ring test,
today was being toasted in De-
Detroit evening times., 1945-02-26
HATCHET MAN ROLE

up were clearly
all Simo..'s.
Detroit evening times., 1945-02-26

.lls o0l o25 a76 Totalt s93 sqs sq1
and total 2so2 Grand total 2ss2
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-05-05
The Political Mill
Bv Gould Lincoln

SAN FRANCISCO, May 5.-The main
difference between the "trusteeships" to
be set up by the new international or
ganization for peace and the man
dates" under the old League OF Nations
lies in the fact there will be no pro-
hibition against military and naval
bases.
The League Covenant specifically
States: THE mandatory must be re-
sponsible for the administration of the
territory under conditions which will
guarantee the prevention of the estab-
lishment of Notifications or military and
naval bases and of military training Of
the natives for other than police pur-
poses and the defense of territory" The
willy Japs paid no attention to this pro-
hibition in the islands of the Pacific
under mandate to them.
The United States. particularly in
terested in the retention of such mill
tary and naval bases as may be neces-
sary for the defense of the United
States and of the peace of the world
within the scope of the United Nations
Charter, has these formerly Japanese
held islands in mind. We have taken
them by force of arms. We have con-
StTuCleu OF IeCOIlSll lAlJOl IdliV
bases and we do not intend to relinquish
them. That is quite clear. They will
be held and such necessary additional
Notifications will be erected for our own
protection and for that of world peace,
\ y X
The main purpose of the trusteeshlps,
however, is to promote the welfare of
the inhabitants of territories not yet
able to stand by themselves under mod
ern world onditions-backward and de-
pendent peoples In the main. The gen.
eral principle is laid down that it is the
sacred trust of civilization to promote
to the utmost the well-being of these
inhabitants. This purpose, which is
exactly similar to the purpose in the
League Covenant, is written into both
the American and British proposals for
trusteeships. Proposals relating to trus-
teeships have been advanced by others
of the United Nations and are being
given consideration. The expectation
is, however, that the final agreement on
trusteeships will follow the lines of the
American and the British plans.
These plans both specify the cate
gories of territory that may come under
trusteeships with attempting to give
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-05-05

any specific territory by name. These
are:
!. Territories already under mandate
from the League of Nations.
2. Territories which have been wrested
from the Axis powers.
3. Territories which may voluntarily
come under trusteeship.
All this means that territories now
held under mandate by countries which
are members of the United Nations will
continue to be held under trusteeship
by the same countries unless there
should be changes decided on at the
peace conference. 1t means that man
dates held in the past by Axis powers
are wiped. out and the territories will
come under trusteeships of the United
Nations.
1t also means that there will be no
attempt to place under United Nations
trusteeship any of the colonial posses
sions of the members of the United Ma
tons. ANY such suggestion is out. There
will be no trusteeship, for example, OF
the Dutch East Indies or of French
Indo-China or any other colonial hold
ings, except, perhaps, the territorial
holdings of the Axis powers. 1t means,
too, that Palestine, over which there
has been much controversy will remain
in trusteeship, at least for the present.
The trustee nation must give good
civil government with attention to i'm
provement of the condition of the ma
tives. 1t must make reports to the
United Nations assembly under the
. American plan and to a so-called trus-
teeship council under the British plan
regarding its stewardship.
In the American plan, however, there
will be a division, with such reports as
are permitted regarding so-called stra-
tegic areas going to the Security Coun-
Gil of the United Nations. The British
propose that there shall be a division
between civil and security functions
rather than division between civil and
security areas. Under their plan the
reports on security functions would also
go to the Security Council.
To all intents and purposes. outside
of the discrepancy mentioned. the trus-
teeship plan is AS like the older man.
date plan as one pea is like another.
In both it is a case of civilizations
burden. On paper, however, the decla-
ration is against old imperialism.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-05-05
Congressional Income

Members of Congress will do we'll tt
vote themselves the $4,000 tax-free
expense allowance recommended by
subcommittee of the House Appro-
priations Committee. In view OF
wartime wage controls. such move
might be criticized in uninformed
quarters, but it would be none the
less justified, and no fair-minded
American would challenge it.
AS matters stand today, Congress-
men, unlike executives in the Fed
eral agencies, must pay out OF their
own pocket for many facilities and
services needed to conduct their off,
cial business. More than that, they
are burdened with legitimate politl-
cal and social expenses that cannot
be avoided if they are to do their
Job we'll. Far more than any other
group in the Government, they find
that performance of duty imposes a
heavy drain on personal finances
so much so that they stand a good
chance of going into the red unless
they have an independent income
over and above their present 0,000-
a-year salary.
The proposed expense account
would offer a substantial measure OF
much-needed relief. Tax-free, be-
cause it would cover OUTLAWS directly
incidental to office, it would have
the effect of Kidding many Congress-
men of the sense of economic in
security they feel now 1t should be
voted into being, and after that is
done Congress should give serious
consideration to an outright salary
increase The present $4,000 figure
was fixed in 1924. Since then, par
ticularly in these war years. living
costs have risen so drastically (not
to mention the expanded volume of
work in the Senate and House, that
fairness obviously demands some
upward adjustment.
But it is not only for reasons of
fairness that congressional compen-
sation should be increased. For the
good of the Nation as a whole, the
legislative branch of our Govern
nent needs to be made more eff
cient, and men of outstanding ability
ought to find it worth while, finan-
cially, to seek membership in it, To
this end. impartial organizations
like the National Planning Associa-
ton recommend a salary of $25 900
a year Perhaps this would be on
the excessive side-particularly if
special expense allowance is made
available-but no one aware of the
facts will doubt that the present
$4,000 is grossly inadequate. 1t is
high time that Congress acted upon
the matter.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-05-05
Controls Must Be Kept
BY David Laurence
From the London Daily Herald.

-~-o--
John Wilmot, Joint Parliamentary
Secretary to the Ministry Of Supply,
dealt in speech to London women
with the foolish talk" about the i'm
mediate abandonment of rationing and
control of raw materials when the Ger
man war is over. Not only will there be
severe shortage of goods badly needed
by the British population The economic
condition OF the country will require that
we sell vast quantities of our goods
abroad in order to pay for food and raw
materials. In view of this unacceptable
prospect how can any sane mind or
sound conscience justify the bawling
propaganda for f1inging off controls and
rat1oning as If, once Germany has sur
rendered, they will be as superfluous as
civilian gas masks? The consequence
OF such recklessness would be a wild
grab by the well-to-do for such goods
as were available. In Mr.. Wilmot's
words, Britain would become "a
profiteers' paradise" Prices would leap
up; the value of wages, pensions and
savings would decline; and a slump
would be upon us. The only possible
alternative is to maintain as long as
necessary controls which will ensure
that the inconvenience of the shortage.
and the boon of gradually increasing
supplies, are fairly shared among all our
citizens.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-05-05
Thoroughly Whipped

With surrender piling upon sur
render, with all semblance of organ
ization gone, the German Army,
perhaps the most formidable military
machine in history, has degenerated
into nothing better than a panicky
mob.
And it is in this fact that one finds
the true measure of the extent to
which the Wehrmacht has been
beaten. For the men who are now
scrambling over each other in their
haste to reach Anglo american
prison cages, lest they otherwise fall
into the hands of the Russians, can
justly say that once they were splen-
did soldiers. Their discipline was
of the highest order. From boyhood,
most of them had been hammered
into the mold of Prussian militarism,
and their dependability in battle,
which is the essential product of
discipline, was their outstanding
characteristic during nearly six years
of war. In the summer of 1910 the
French were supposed to have 1.-The
finest army in the world" Yet when
the blitzkrieg came, the French
crumbled and fell apart in a few
weeks under the stunning impact of
German superiority in the air and
in mechanization. 1t was not so
with the Germans. Long after the
Allies had established what General
Won Rundstedt describes as their
"unheard of superiority" in the air,
long after the Germans had been
left hopelessly behind in quantity
of mechanical equipment, and even
after the last faint hope of victory
had been extinguished, the German
soldier continued to fight doggedly
on, contesting every yard of ground
and forcing the Allies to pay dearly
for each advance.
That is the work Of discipline, the
sort of discipline which tends to
reduce man to the level of a ma
NAAlAAS llloSlll1lC WlllCll
automatically continues to do the
things it has been trained to do.
1t is something that is not easily
lost, and therefore, as we see the
German Army behaving like an
organization of militia in its first
meeting with veterans, we can know
that they have been beaten as no
first-class army has ever been beaten
before.
The news of the past twenty-four
hours tells of surrenders in Holland,
Denmark and in Northern, Central
and Southern Germany. Some sort
OF an enemy army remains intact in
Norway and few relatively insig-
nificant pockets of enemy resistance
remain in the area between the
Anglo American and Russian fronts,
in Austria and Yugoslavia, along the
Czech border, and in few scattered
ports and islands. But these are of
little military consequence.
In the larger sense, the fight has
ended. The Germans, as General
Eisenhower puts it, have been thor
oughly whipped" So far as Europe
is concerned we have won the war
which succeeded the war to end war.
The great question which hangs over
us now is whether, this time,
shattered world will insist ,1nop
keeping the peace
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-05-05
'Wav of the Warrior
Bv Mai. George Fielding Eliot

town. They are playing the come and
get me" game with which we are be-
coming so familiar.
This game is peculiar in military his
tory. 1t has little relation to the science
of warfare as it is understood by western
minds: 1t does not seem to serve any
useful strategic purpose: it is purely
Japanese conception which is bound up
with their medieval ideas of the way of
the warrior"
1t is this quirk of the japanese mind
that is likely to cause Allied forces
good many unnecessary casualties be-
fore the subjugation of Japan is finally
accomplished The fact that it will
cause the japanese infinitely more in
the way of unnecessary casualties does
not appear to be an important factor
in japanese considerations
X X X
On Okinawa the fighting continues to
be bitter with the japanese still using
suicide planes and boats against our
shipping and still making their furious
little counterattacks by land-here again
we have the Japanese idea of getting
killed while killing some of their OPP
ponents as being the highest purpose of
battle.
Our forces on OkinaWa are making
some progress, however. and though the
terrain is very difficult there is some
suggestion in the front reports that
more rapid progress may come before
very long.
Finally at Tarakan we find Allied
forces striking at last directly at the
Japanese oil supplies-or rather in these
days of interrupted communications
trying to get what one correspondent
calls filling station for our own use.
Certainly If we could get Tarakan oil
we could save lot of tonnage now in
use for hauling oil across the Pacific
Ocean or from the Persian Gulf. Japa-
nese resistance at Tarakan appears stiff,
but it seems fair guess that it will be
like all other Japanese fighting in iso-
lated outposts: On diminishing scale
of effectiveness There is no more
doubt that the Australians will take
Tarakan than Gen. Buckner's troops
will take Okinawa.
Thus in many places and everywhere
effectively the great plan for the final
reduction of Japan proceeds while in
Europe fresh Germans surrenders speed
the day when the full power of the Al
lied nations shall be turned against the
enemy In the Pacific.
tCopyrisht, i945.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-05-05

1871, pray and hope that they will be
allowed to become parts of countries
such as France, Belgium, Holland and
Denmark. The empire has gone and
there can be no hope for them that the
empire will ever be recreated. Portions
Of the Reich in the east are to be an
nexed to Russia or to Moscow's satel-
lite, Poland.
According to some of the prisoners
captured in the great debacle, they hope
to be able to be useful" in foreign
countries in the west. Many millions
of Germans have no desire to return
to their country They know they will
either have to be beggars or will have
to do hard labor in Poland and Russia.
And from their past experiences they
realize that Russia is vast country,
where life is far from comfortable for
any one, especially for her former enc
mics.
The fumes of victory, even after this
most devastating war ever known, do
not always. however, have SOLDERING
effect on all nations. This has been
already felt at San Francisco, where
there is good deal of jockeying for
position and for power. This is equally
obvious to all the observers who are
returning from Europe. In spite of
more than eight years of unbelievable
hardships, attempts to gain prestige and
power are noticeable in our dealings
with most of the European members
of the United Nations.
r X X 4
France insists that America must pro-
vide her with a first-class army and
mentions 1.000,0 900 troops, fully trained
and fully equipped as a minimum.
Britain is gravely concerned over her
bases and lines of communications, al
though her aviation and navy is the
strongest in Europe today. Russia in
sists on extensive territorial aggran-
dizement. Little Yugoslavia, under the
leadership of Marshal Broz Tito, is
ready to fling its gantlet at Italy and
Great Britain because it wants to in
crease it's territory into the Istrian
Peninsula and already feels cheated be-
cause British imperial troops have en-
tered Trieste.
These. it is hoped are only temporary
manifestations, inevitable after spec
tacular victory. But unless the European
nations come down to earth and face
the peace problem realistically. the de-
struction Of the Reich may not serve
its purpose.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-05-05
Help for Europe

LII las IepOlG W fIeSlQ6nG lTu-
man on the needs of the liberated
countries of Northwest Europe, Sam
uel I. Rosenman paints a somber
picture bearing directly on the prob
lem of getting the next peace off to
sound start. The most immediate
and urgent shortages are in Ger
tain types of foods, coal, coal-min-
ing equipment and transportation
Except in agricultural areas, "a dan
gerously low level of nutrition gen.
orally exists" and the problem is
made doubly serious by the presence
of 7,000,0 900 displaced persons brought
into Germany as slave labor.
Next to the need for food, Judge
Rosenman-whose report is based on
a study ordered by the late President
Roosevelt-places the need for coal.
THE lack of COAL" he says, "is of
gravest political and economic con-
Germ and he suggests numerous
steps, including the use of forced
German labor where necessary. to
cope with it as one of the most i'm
portant factors governing the re-
covery of Northwest Europe. He
also emphasizes the urgency of
prompt action to rebuild war-shat-
tered transportation facilities, rec
ommends such other measures as
the extension of financial credits,
and urges that thought be given to
the idea of operating Germany's
productive capacity, or transferring
movable German goods, to help re-
habilitate the liberated areas.
In Judge Rosenman's opinion, "the
responsibility for providing a sub
stantial share of most civilian sup
plies will rest on the United States"
and this responsibility will have to
be met as fully as military require
ments and the maintenance of our
own essential domestic economy per-
NIT. In all probability, he says, the
American people will be unable to
enjoy a return to normal prewar
rations for some time to come, and
ne makes a special point. in this
connection, of declaring that the
liberated countries do not adequate
ly understand all that this Nation
has already done for them, despite
its own grave shortages, and he
urges that a special effort be made
to acquaint them with the whole
story.
Yet, as Judge Rosenman points out,
the help we extend is necessary, not
only for humanitarian reasons, but
also because the nature OF the next
peace will depend largely on what
happens to Europe's economy-an
economy which must inevitably af-
feet our own. The longer disorder
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-05-05
Generals Die .

Nobody seems to know how the
notion that generals die in bed"
got started H. L. Mencken, in his
New Dictionary of Quotations, at
tributes the saying to English
soldiers in France in 19141918. but
other editors, contemporaries of the
Sage of Hollins Street, are of the
opinion that it dates back, perhaps,
to the Franco-Prussian War of 1870
and 1871 or even to some still earlier
conflict.
In any case, the jibe never has
been justified in American history
Edward Braddock at Pittsburgh in
1855 was only the first of long list
of generals who, serving under diff
ferent flags, gave their lives in
combat on this continent To the
names of James Wolfe and Louis
Joseph Montcalm de Saint-Veran at
Quebec in 1859 and Richard Mont
gomery at the same strategic place
in IT'S should be added those of
Count Casimir Pulaski at Savannah
in 1779, Sir Edward Pakenham at
New Orleans in 1915, Nathaniel Lyon
at Wilson's Creek in 1861, Albert
Sydney Johnston at Shiloh in 1862,
Thomas J. (StonewalD Jackson at
Charlottesville in 1868, James E. B.
Stuart at Yellow Tavern and Bishop
Leonidas Polk at Kenesaw Mountain
in 1864, Ambrose Powell Hill at
Petersburg in 1865, George A..
Custer on the Little Big Horn in
1876 and many other "topflight"
officers who shared the perils and
hardships of difficult campaigns
with their men and finally died
with them.
This applies at sea as we'll as upon
land. James Lawrence, the COM
mander of the Chesapeake whose
dying message was: Don't give up
the ship" is remembered as merely
a single exponent of the chivalry
of the American Navy. The gallant
tradition of the naval service has
been summarized in Captain Tunis
Augustus Craven's remark at Mobile
Bay in 1864: After you, pilot"
But no other age has been more
heroic than that which now prevails.
The armed forces of the United
States in the Second World War
have been led by commanders quail
fed to rank in the annals of the
human race with the most daring
and valiant leaders of previous
times. Secretary Stimson recently
announced that since 1941, thirteen
generals have been killed in action,
two have died of wounds, five are