davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-04-28
WASHINGTON CALLING
by
MARQUIS CHILDS

WASHINGTON - When the war
with Germany ended in Novem-
her of 1918. Herbert Hoover had
more than 10000, 900 tons of food
stored in America and ready to
ship to starving Europe. Of the
27,000,000 tons used for rehabili-
tation in the first year of the peace,
at least 100000 tons came from
this country, and of this total O.
400. 900 tons was in meat products
or vegetable oils.
That is a lot of food. 1t is more
food than we have today to do a
job that may be twice or three
times as big. AS the delegates as
semble in San Francisco to write a
world charter, they should remen.
Der that it is hard for hungry PEG.
pie to think about cooperation and
world peace.
Three years ago, Hoover estima.
ted that more than 100000, 600 PEG.
pie would be suffering some de.
gree of food shortage after the end
of this war. Knowing food and
knowing Europe, he called the turn
on those countries which will he
ncuch worse off than last tirne.;' He
named Norway. Holland, Belgium,
France, Greece, Poland, Yugoslav.
ia and the Baltic states.
As boss of the entire world food
supply at the end of the last war,
Hoover had extraordinary powers,
and he used those powers to the
fullest extent to save millions Of
Europeans from starvation. Then,
as now, shipping was short, out
Hoover took drastic steps to make
sure he obtained every possible
square foot of space.
One step he took was to compel
both British and Americans to take
ships off trade routes and use them
to carry food for the relief of En-
rope. That is not being done to.
day. We are exporting luxury goods
to South America and getting back
what are, by any wartime def
milton, non-essentials. Similarly,
the British are reported to be using
ships in the Far Eastern and the
African trade in an effort to de-
velop postwar commerce.
A second step taken by Hoover
was to obtain virtually all the ship
ping held by neutral countries for
the job of feeding a stricken con-
tinent. While neutral shipping COM
panies were compensated for the
ships they chartered to the relief
administration, it was made very
clear that the ships had to be forth
coming.
That has not been done this time.
Sweden. for example, has a con-
siderable pool of reserve ships.
Those who are connected with
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-04-28
Nations Attending And
Missing

The San Francisco Security Conference got
away to bad start when Conmissar Molotov
Unanswered Secretary Stettinius out of the
permanent craftsmanship and Britain's COM
promise proposal for alternating chairmen
was turned down cold. 1t appears that Russia
wants to be party to security organization
provided Russia can say what kind Of an
organization it is to be.
In great international gatherings heretofore
the chief representative Of the host nation
has been the presiding officer a courtesy
that needs no explanation or excuse. That
Comm;ssar Molotov sees fit to override this
precedent suggests he will exert dominat-
ing influence on later proceedings which may
not be to Russia's liking.
But the present purpose is not to throw cold
water on the San Francisco parley which may
yet produce the groundwork for lasting peace,
but to give an account of the nations partici-
pating in the deliberations and the nations
without representation
A1>oSSN
by the big Five'-the United States, Great
Britain, France, China and Russa-are:
Australia, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Cana.
da, Chile, Columbia, Costa Rica Cuba, Cecho-
slovakia Dominican Republic, Ecuador,
Egypt, Ell Salvador, Ethiopia, Greece, Guate-
mala, Haiti, Honduras, India, Iran, Iraq Leb.
anon, Liberia, Luxembourg, Mexico, Neither
lands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway, Pan
ANA, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Saudi Ara.
bia, South Africa, Syria, Turkey, Uruguay,
Venezuela and Yugoslavia.
Eighteen nations are excluded. for variou.
reasons. This does not mean they may not be
invited to join peace league later, if the ma
ehinery for such an organization is created
the Dumbarton Oaks draft.
To receive an invitation, country had tc
have met two requirements: Q) 1t must have
declared war on the Axis. ca 1t must hav.
signed the United Nations declaration
Those requirements automatically cut out
come nations. Here are the left-outs:
The neutrals - Sweden. Switzerland, Fire,
Spain, Portugal, Afghanistan
The enemy-Germany and Japan.
Hungary, Finland.
Those with vague diplomatic status
l. Denmark has no government In exile
=. Poland still is caught in that London
Warsaw tangle.
3 Iceland has been almost an ally, with
United States troops based there, but it hal
not declared war;
4, Italy declared war on Germany and a
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-04-28
Your War; With Ernie Pyle

and horses. The horses are small
like western ponies and mostly bay
or sorrel. Most of them are skinny,
but when you see well-fed ones
they are good-looking horses. They
are all well broken and tame.
The marines have acquired them
by the hundreds. Our company
alone has more than 20. The boys
put their heavier packs on them
but more than that they just seem
to enjoy riding them up and down
the country roads.
They have rugged up rope halters
for them and one marine made a
bride using a piece of bamboo for
bit. They dug up old pads, and
even some goat skins to use as sad
die blankets. But it's surprising
how many men in company of
marines don't really know how to
ride horse.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-04-28
EDITORIAL COMMENT
DR.. BUTLER STEPS DOWN

Colunbia University will hardly seem the
same without it's incredible president Nicho
las Murray Butler. During the 43 years Of
his leadership, Columbia has become truly
great center of learning, IN quahty as We'll
90 in MAGNITUDE. And throughout, DR.. Butler
has been it's peripatetic advertisement and
ambassador extraordinary. He has been call
ed the most comprehensively decorated indi-
yidual >extant.'' He has known just about ev-
ervbodv, including every British Prime Min.
lister since Gladstone, and has crossed the
Atlantic over 100 times in. keeping his con-
facts bright.
He has been in there hgntlng vigorously
~, ,,,os+ national and world issues which have
sr;sen during his career. He may, officially,
leave the presidents chair, but he cannot re-
sign from the American scene One cannot
h;de 90 cosmopolitan a luminary under the
bushel of retirement.-Christian Science Mon
itor.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-04-28
One With Ninevah And Tyre

Berlin is dying. The Russians obviously
are determined to destroy the city totally, in
retribution for the German destruction OF Stall
ingrad. And they are very near the end of
the job
Encircled, with Red troops roofing the enc
my out Of cellers and subways, with flames
spreading among what buildings still stand
the seven hundred year old city, which repre-
sents the heart of Nazism, and in which Hitler
and his murderers plotted this war, is being
reduced to ashes and its defenders smashed.
This is the city that Goering said would
never hear the hum of enemy aircraft, never
feel the impact Of enemy bombs Now Goering
is deposed and may be dead. Now Hitler is
depending on his intuition to defend Berlin.
Now Goebbels is reported in flight.
The end of Hitlerism, as typifed by the city,
is but short time ahead If Hitler is in fact
hiding within the burning city his capture
cannot long be delayed. No hole or crevice,
ed by the invading Russians.
Thus the city in which the torch of war was
lighted, and the man who held the match, are
doomed. Berlin will become one with Nineyah
and Tyre.
| The problem then will be to see that no
tyrant power ever again rises to destroy an
other Stalingrad, another Berlin, and no bandit
gain the strength to plunge the world into war.
The attempt to bring this about has been
started at San Francisco, where representa-
tives of forty-six nations are assembled with
the aim of finding the way to permanent
peace. Despite turbulant start it can still
be hoped that the way will be discovered.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-04-28
Daily Prayer
FOR WoRTH1NEss OF VICTORY

Because we have sought oolec
tives learned in Thy word, and De-
cause the help of Thy strong am
has been with us, we have won
great victories in this wal Al
praise and honor to Thee, the uou
of Battles. Thou hast been on 0A.
side, against pagan foes VINO nave
flouted Thy name. Now we pray
that we may be fit for our Vlc'g,I
In humble acknowledgment OF Ily
help hitherto, may be set aoO.'
rebuilding a destroyed world ",
liver us from vindictiveneSS aa'
hatred and all baSer passions
May our forces be as cAivalr0us III
peace as they have been Vlctollos,
in war. Open all hearts 10 an
awareness of the new, hlgh la'H,i
ahead of us, the fulfilmefl
which is impossible unless we l' ~,
the Spirit of Jesus. Father W. -,
give our sins, and open up 70 ~
the richness of the spiritual r +-s
Make us keep in the quest for Ia N,
and for Thy will and for "a. "a,
worlds welfare. Send peace III 0~
time O Lord, Amen VIE
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-04-28
interpreting
| The War
BY ,KIRKE L. SIMPSON
Associated Press War Anal:

Associa'ed fress War Aaalyist
However portentious the fi',
link-up of Allied and Russian . ,~a'
les in the heart of German m ,s .'
Elbe seems, an even more jn,,or'
ant similar junction farther so+.
impends.
American Third Army elensr.
plunging down the Danube vaN"'
virtually unopposed were repor,.s
in tank-radio touch with d.
Army armor blowing northwss.
ward up the same stream TS..
would indicate patrols were wiz
in less than 80 miles of each o,ba,
when the incident was reports3
many hours ago.
A junction on the Danube yonr,
split the Nazi Bavaria Alns las.
stand citadel off from both Co..
many and Czechoslovakia, exoo,.
it and its Berchtesgaden News
center to immediate attack. N.
mere fact that a Russian TANK
radio was heard in American linz,
indicates that the Red forces ars
far beyond their last ofticiailv
Moscow reported positions.
That chaos and diSillusionmer.
are spreading fast even among tbs
Hitlerized youth of Germany and
Nazi army elements as well :,
German regular forces is viyidly
indicated in front line dispatches
describing the first Russian-Amer.
can contact scene at Torgau in the
Elbe. To efficit that touch with
Red troops, American jeeps pillow.
ed their way through hordes Of
German civilians in flight from the
Russians, hoping for shelter with.
in American lines. Freed Allied
war prisoners, marching beside
informal columns of GSmsn
troops vainly seeking to surrender,
added to the utterly fantastic
scene as pictured by front line
correspondents.
Obviously, nowhere from III.
lower Elbe to the Sudeten noun.
tains is there anything approach.
ing organized resistance. There is
no convincing evidence Of German
will to prolong the fight except in
isolated cases of diehard groups.
1t is no longer a wal in much Of
Germany, but a problem for the
victors of what to do with the
mobs of refugees, both civilian and
military, caught between closing
Allied and Russian lines.
If there is any semblance Of
fight-to-the-death attitude any
where in Germany except in Rus,
sian beset Berlin, it is around the
falling North Sea and Baltic ports
in the fast shriveling northern
pocket. Southwark in Austria and
Bavaria predictions that Stub
born last defense of the national
redoubt would be encountered have
so far gone unfulfilled. Press men
at the front have dubbed it instead
the "redoubt of doubt in token Of
that.
The situation in Italy no less
SHOWS military disintegration at
work. American troops on general
Clark's left of line leaped into
Genoa at a bound. His center in
captured Verona closed the Bren'
ner Pass escape gate on the main
body of the foe fleeing before him.
He had in effect split northern
Italy apart to the Alps, pennln8
up most of its Nazi garrison IN the
west.
French troops are moving into
Italy from the west along the
Mediterranean coast with no M
dictated opposition. The situation
lends full credence to Italian anti
Nazi radio reports that the Ger
mans are negotiating with par
tisans for general surrender.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-04-28

the way up here there was a rain
bow over the convoy and knew
then everything would be all right. !"
One day I was walking through
the edge of rubbed Okinawa vii
lage where marine telephone line
noen were stringing wire to the tops
of the native telephone poles.
As 4 passed, one of the two line
men at the top called down rather
nervously saying he was afraid the
wobbly pole was going to break
under their weight.
To which one of the men on the
ground, apparently their sergeant,
called back reassuringly:
you've got nothing to worry
about. That's imperial Japanese
stuff. 1t can't break"
There are very few cattle on
OkinaWa but there are lots of goats
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-04-28
Forces Joined

1t has come at last. Russian and American
many, at Torgau, a town where many years
ago another Russian Army joined its Austrian
allies in their war with Frederick the Great.
Thus the thousand-year dynasty envisioned
| by mad Hitler comes to an end inglorious
for the Nazis, triumphant for the United Ma
tons.
First contact was made by accident on We'd
nesday when an American jeep failing to re-
celve an order to stop at a certain point
kept moving east, twenty-three miles beyond
its intended destination, and found the Rus
slams awaiting an order to move into the Elbe
town selected well in advance by the COM
bined stats for the junction. The actual join
ing Of forces in strength came at o'clock
Thursday night
Now all that is left of Hitler's once might.
military power are three resistance zones,
one in Holland and north Germany, another
in Berlin, and the third in southern Germany.
In the first British and Canadian armies are
making rapid progress with Bremen and Ham,
burg, Gernaanys main port cities, in flames.
Berlin is .overrun with Russian troops whose
chief purpose, besides razing the city, is to
capture Hitler. In the South General Patton's
Third American Army is speeding with re-
sistless power toward another junction with
Russian forces and the alleged redoubt Hitler
has created in the Bavarian mountains for
last stand by his most fanatcal followers.
With German resistance growing lighter in
all these areas, and even SIS troops surrend-
ering in great numbers, with highways lined
by German soldiers watching but not oppos-
ing advancing Allied armies, it would appear
that the end of the war in Europe cannot
be far distant.
Whatever troops still loyal to Hitler may
be afield, it is obvious that the tremendous
forces now sweeping the Reich under Allied
colors will not require much time to wipe
them out Although it had been assumed that
stubborn stand would be made in the Ba-
varian hills it now appears that even the
most hardened OF Nazis have had enough of
fighting and dying in a lost cause, and will
not require much persuasion by Patton's tanks
to call 1t day.
While this junction at Torgau does not mean
the war in Germany is over, as President
Truman said in statement made sinultane-
ously with London and Moscow, it does mean,
as he adds, that the hour for which the Allies
'have toiled and prayed so long draws near"
After what the world has suffered at the
hands of the German war-makers this as
surance is sufficiently, consoling to send ev-
erybody to bed tonight with hearts freer from
worry and anguish than in long time past.
At the same time, it must not lead u.s. in
our rejoicing to overlook the war in the Pa
cific which is still to be won and which de-
mands the most consecrated effort at home
to assure victory.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-04-28

Editors Note: Yesterday the
Morning Star carried what was be-
lieved to have been Ernie Pyle's
last column. In addition to the
story which appears here today,
we will print several others which
we have just received from Ernie
on Okinawa. We believe he would
have wanted us to. AS a great re-
porter, a great neWspaperman and
a great person, he would have
wanted his stories to 60 through,
despite his tragic death.
BY ERNIE PYLE
OKINAWA- (by Navy radio) -
Back nearly two years ago when I
was with Oklahoma's 45th Divi-
sion in Sicily and later in Italy, I
learned they had number of Ma
vajo Indians in communications.
When secret orders had to be
given over the phone these boys
gave them to one another in Nava-
|jo. Practically nobody in the world
understands Navajo except another
Navajo.
Well, my regiment of First Di-
vision marines has the same thing.
There are about eight Indians who
do this special work. They are good
marines and very proud of being
so.
There are two brothers among
them, both named Joe. Their last
names are the ones that are diff
ferent. l guess that's a Navajo
custom, though I never knew of it
before.
One brother, Pfc. Joe Gatewood,
went to the Indian school in A1bu-
querque. In fact our house Is on the
very same street, and Joe said 1t
sure was good to see somebody
from home.
Joe has been out here three
years. He is "a and has five chill
dren back home whom he would
like to see. He was wounded sew
eral months ago and got the Pur-
pie Heart.
: Joe's brother is Joe Redwood
who has also been out here three
years. A couple of the others are
Pfc. Alex Williams of Winslow,
Ariz., and Pvt. Oscar Carroll of
Fort Defiance, Ariz., which is the
capital of the Navajo reservation.
Most of the boys are from around
Fort Defiance and used to work
for the Indian Bureau.
The Indian boys knew before we
got to Okinawa that the invasion.
landing wasn't going to be very
tough. They were the only ones in
the convoy who did know it. For
one thing they saw signs and for
another they used their own in
fuence.
Before the convoy left the far
south tropical island where the Ma
vajos had been training since the
last campaign, the boys put on a
ceremonial dance.
The Red Cross furnished some
colored cloth and paint to stain
their faces. They made up the rest
of their Indian costumes from
chicken feathers, sea shells, coco
anuts, empty ration cans and rifle
cartridges.
Then they did their ca native
ceremonial chants and dances out
there under the tropical palm trees
with several thousand marines as
a grave audience.
In their chant they asked the
great gods in the sky to sap the
japanese of their strength for this
blitz. They put the finger Of weak
ness on the Japs. And then they
ended their ceremonial chant by
singing the Marine Corps song in
Navajo
I asked Joe Gatewood if they
really felt their dance had some
thing to do with the ease of our
landing and he said the boys did
believe so and were very serious
about it, himself included.
II knew nothing was going to
happen to u.s." Joe said, "for on
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-04-28

pan in 1913, but 1t still is technically at war
with Allies.
5. Argentina has declared war on Germany
United Nations.
g. Thailand, although invaded by the Japa-
nese, is an unknown quantity.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-04-28

The cover design Of every history of glori
Gus war should be a crutch.-Roanoke Va.)
World News.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-04-28

The best tonics and the most effective
beauty treatments for women and men are
outdoor physical exercise, cheerfulness, men
tai exercise, kindness and good will-Raleigh
Times.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-04-28
Fair Enough

accept no responsibility for the personal
views of Mr.. Pegler. and often disagree
with them as much as many OF his read
ers. His articles serve the good purpose
q. making people Think
Milford chronicle., 1945-05-08
MILFORD SERVICE HONOR ROLL

Since the opening Of hostiles against the Axis powers,
Milford and the outlying districts served by the Milford
post office, has sent approximately $50 and
into the Armed Forces of Nation These service men
have served and still continue in all parts Of the
World. Eighteen have been killed. listed missing,
and several have been discharged from further military
duty
The list published this page contains the names on
record with August F. Faix Service Officer of Milford
Post No. g. American Legion 1t published recorded
by him May 1st of this year. 1t is possible that The
names of some few service have not been enrolled
with Mr. Faix. .t~
Milford chronicle., 1945-05-08

Andrew Ma~ten
Donald Masten
Harry MaSten
Henry Masien
James Medcap
Wilbert Medcap
Robert Emerson Meredith
Robert Merritt
i|eIiN Mick
Frank Mick
kalph Wickley MilbOurn
{ lenlan MilitadeS
James Albert Miller
Frederick X. Millman
Nelson Samuel Millman
James l.. Mills, .Jr.
Richard Il. Mills
Elmer Minner
Albert Mitchell
IjttletOn l.. Mitchell
William {. Nitten
Oscar I. Moore
Calvert zimmerman Morgan
Joseph +. Morgan
William Morgan
James w. Morris
Charles Edgar Mulh0lland
Harry III. MulhOlland, Jr.
Roland Paynter MumfOrd
Robert Muns0n. Jr.
Edward ID. Murphy
Ernest Richard Murphy
Eugene :. Murphy. Jr.
James ID. Murphy
VIM. X. Murphy, .Jr.
Douglas Myers
Charles A. McCOlIey
Dclbert McCOlley
Irving Mccullough
Roy w. Met ullough -
DOran u. McFadden
Wallace +. McFaul. Jr.
Eugene McNatt
Herman StaytOn McNatt
Clement J. NevinS
{. Barrett Morgan
Ponder L. Morgan
Edith Nunn
Benjamin Orkin
Henry Orkin
Max Orkin
Robert e.. OrviS
George Otwell
Charles ii. Paisley
Thomas W. Palmer
Lewis +. Paquette
Archibald II. Parker
Charles l.. Parker
Eugene Parker
Walter NJ. Parker, Jr.
Eugene PaSSwaterS
Harrison W. PaSSwaterS
Joseph J. Pearce, Jr.
William Pearce
William IL. Pearce
Charles A. Peet
Richard V. PendletOn
Howard Petty john
Samuel Petty john
George Phillips
Edwin {. Pinder
James Pitman
Charles Plummer
Clarence J. Plummer. Jr.
Louis Plummer
Samuel Plummer
Thomas Wilson Plummer
Herschel POOre
Purnell POStleS
Harry Potter
Archie Powell
GOodsell {. Powell
Howard Powell
Gene Pratt
Lockwood Pratt
Christopher Purnell
HarnId ~ 0uiIIap
Milford chronicle., 1945-05-08

Howard Lester Jefferson
Joseph Marshall Jefferson
William Ill. jefferson
NeilS Jensen
Charles a. Jester
Charles Park Jester
Leroy Jester
Nolan Jester
Reese Jester
WapleS Elmer Jester
John {. Jewell
Kenneth III. Jewell
Ralph Whitley Jewell
LinwOOd Johnson
William W. Johnson
Charles }. Jones
Franklin Nj. Jones
Franklin i. Jones
George w. Jones
Herbert {. Jump, Jr.
Leo {. kaliOuS
Paul keene
Samuel Kemp
Raymond Hunter kentOn
William II. kentOn
Emil kielbaSa
Joseph A. KielbaSa
Edward Hunter KINNEY, Jr.
Everett j. KINNEY
Richard II. KINNEY
Donald +. Kirby
Edward Kirby
Morris Oliver Lafferty
Homer Lambka
Wilmer o. LankfOrd. Bird
James Levin Latchum
Joseph Henry Latchum
Clarence ID. Legates
Edgar Legates
George +. LegateS
Robert Norton Leverage
Augustus Harry Lindale
Charles Lindell
George A. LindenkOhl
Garrison LittletOn
George Ross Lockwood
James LOfland
James Parn LOfland
joseph :. LOfland, Jr.
MedfOrd Robert LOhand
TruXtOn LOfland
Wallace LOfland. Jr.
Howard Long
AlpheuS {. Lynch
Arthur Edward Lynch
Clarence III. Lynch, Jr.
Daniel Lemuel Lynch
Douglas f. Lynch
Fred Lynch
Fl. William Lynch
James II. Lynch
Warren II. Lynch
William Arthur Lynch
William Burton Lynch
Edgar w. Lyons
Ralph III. Lyons
Vernon l.. Lyons
DelnO f. Mag
Joseph 5. {. Mach
George G.. Macklin
George L. Macklin, Bird
Andrew J. MalOney
Donald NJ. MaIoney
Harry w. Mal0ney
Herbert Earl MalOney
J. Pierce Maloney
Thomas MalOney
Roy ManlOve
Theodore II. ManlOve
William Gordon ManlOve
A. DOnnell Marshall
Samuel Marshall, Jr.
Chester Marvel
Frank {. Marvel
Grover Cleveland Marvel, j
William Marvel
William Marvel, Jr.
Robert L. Mason