davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-07-21
Mr.. Rankin Again

1t Is possible that Representative
Rankin of Mississippi takes himself
seriously in calling for the resig-
nations of Secretary of War Stimson
and his principal aides, UnderSecre-
tary Patterson and Assistant Secre-
tary McCloy. Fortunately, however,
there is not the slightest possibility
that any one else will take him
seriously.
Mr.. Rankin seems to think that
there is link between these gentle
men and what he regards as Com
muniSt infiltration into the Army.
The point is not clear. Mr.. Rankin
was understood to say on the House
floor Thursday that Mr.. Stimson
and his aides were using their Offices
to indoctrinate Servicemen with
Communist philosophy. After he
had revised his remarks for the
Congressional Record, however, the
statement was to the effect that the
War Department officials were re-
SponSible for the commissioning of
Communists in the Army and that
the latter were using their power
to try to indoctrinate the men in
the armed forces with Communist
philosophy.
Whatever the CongresSman's exact
words, he seems to be improving on
an already rather remarkable talent
for getting off the beam. If any
three men have rendered more dis
tinguished service to their country
during this war than MessrS. Slim
son, Patterson and McCloy, their
names do not come readily to mind.
If they are tainted with Communism,
this country, to paraphrase a remark
attributed to Abraham Lincoln,
could make profitable use of more
of the same.
Evening star., 1945-07-21
Mr.. Grew on Poland

Since the subject matter of the
recent exchange of correspondence
between Senator Vandenberg and
Acting Secretary of State Grew may
become of considerable Importance
before many months have passed,
there should be no misunderstand-
ing as to what was said and what
was not said.
With other things, the Michigan
Senator wanted to know whether
our responsibility to the Polish peo-
pie under the Yalta agreement is
presumed to have been discharged
with the creation of the new Polish
provisional government, and, if not,
whether the United States will par
ticipate, on an equality with the
other powers, under their Yalta
obligation, in general supervision
of the promised free elections in
Poland to make certain that they
are free in fact as we'll as in name.
The first question was answered
in categorical fashion. 1T is clear"
said Mr.. Grew, that the creation of
the new government does not alone
discharge us from the SponSibilitieS
we assumed at Yalta." In replying
to the second, however, Mr.. Grew
was not explicit, although his words
might have seemed definite enough
to the casual reader.
In his second question, Senator
vandenberg really asked two things:
First, whether there would be inter-
national supervision of the Polish
elections, and, if so, whether the
United States would participate on
an equal status in the supervision.
Mr.. Grew did not give a "yes" or
mo" answer to the first inquiry.
What he did say was that "if" there
Is international supervision, the
United States will insist on its right
to participate on an equal basis with
the other powers.
That "if' should be kept in mind,
for it may prove to be very signifi-
cant qualification when the time
comes for the Poles to vote on the
question whether they want to keep
their present leaders or possibly
substitute for them men who are
less favorably disposed toward the
Communist point of view.
Evening star., 1945-07-21
Locker Meat Considered

To the Editor of The Star:
Owen SCOTS article in The Star, July
Is, contains some representations re-
specting causes of the meat shortage
which are not supported by Government
statistics.
Mr.. Scott contends that abnormal
meat consumption in the farm areas is
robbing city folks of their quota. He
refers also to the frozen food lockers
as major leak"
Respecting his statement that farm
ers are the largest meat consumers, re-
fer him to the Department of Agricul-
ture publication, number $50, page Z,
in which it is shown that the weekly
consumption of meats, poultry and fish
per person among urban residents, is
277 pounds, among rural nonfarm 1.76
pounds and among rural farm 1856
pounds
Respecting Mr.. SCOTS allegation
that frozen food lockers constitute a
major Leak: Figures collected by the
Farm Credit Administration indicate
that during the war there actually has
been a decline in the volume of pro-
ducts put through lockers, as compared
with the prewar period. These figures
are verified by survey which the Uni
versity of Minnesota has made to de-
ternine the volume of meat turnover
in the locker plants of Minnesota. This
survey showed an average prewar turn
over of 586 pounds of meat per year
per locker, and the average number of
persons served by each locker was five
and one half The national average of
meat turnover per locker is 420 pounds,
according to the last survey of the
Farm Credit Administration.
The Farm Credit Administration
figures show that the total turnover of
meat in the 5000 locker plants amounts
to only 3 per cent of the whole meat
supply Since rs per cent of all lockers
are rented by farmers, it is evident that
only about two and one-half per cent
of the entire meat supply is consumed
by farmer locker holders.
Elimination of meat waste through
spoilage by farm locker holders far
more than offsets any loss. through pos
sible illegitimate use by nonfarm locker
holders. FRANK r. WILSON.
Evening star., 1945-07-21
Letters to The Star
Pleads For Clothing and Shoes
For French Ex.Prisoners

To the Editor of The Star:
OF course, the most vital civilian ges-
ture Of the war has been your showing
of the atrocity pictures-because our
people are simply too decent to be able
either to imagine or believe such un-
speakable depravity without proof.
pray you to preserve and show them
periodically for the same high purpose
that inspired you in the first place.
I think there is way by which they
can do even more good. May tell you?
You know how the psychologists tell
us that if we are deeply moved emo
tionally and do nothing about ii, some
thing evil and corroding happens to us?
Well, there is something immediate,
life-saving and healthy that each one
who has viewed the pictures can dol
We have just had an SOS in behalf
of the destitute returning French pris-
oners. Might you not follow up the
atrocity pictures with a campaign for
clothing in their behalf?
You will know of their great numbers,
their hideous sufferings and their prac-
tical nakednesS-and that it is because
of lack of coal and raw materials that
proud France is not yet able to find
herself industrially and to provide for
these tragic sons. Their only hope is
that our men will share worn shoes,
sweaters, suits, coats, underwear, dis
carded uniforms (minus buttons), shirts,
socks, etc. This in the name of de-
cency. In the coming winter, without
fuel, it will be in the name of life it.
self! If each will spare something, this
woeful problem will be vanquished.
Might not the big mems organizations
supplement- mean, might not some Of
those who viewed the atrocity pictures
interest their clubs and other organi-
cations? If Washington sets the exam
pie, perhaps the Nation will follow.
MRS. H. B. HUTCHINSON.
Evening star., 1945-07-21
Single Tax VS.. Communism

To the Editor Of The Star:
Lowell Mellett recently devoted COL
umn to the so-called full employment
bill, which in its preamble declares, 1T
is the policy of the United States to
foster free competitive enterprise and
the investment Of private capital in
trade and commerce, and in the de-
velopment of the natural resources OF
the United States"
Brave words, these, but whatever
fostering the bill may provide will be
fully paid for by the fostered in more
taxes for added Government activities
Under such legislative fostering" as
there has been, all who are in gainful
pursuits, legitimate or otherwise, are
part-time workers for Government be-
cause of the demands made upon them
for its support. Nor does lack OF such
pursuits offer escape from them, as they
come in the form of taxes that spread
to everything needful to sustain life.
Furthermore, substantially all of our
natural resources are in private con-
troll. that exactS heavily for the oppor-
tunity of industrial enterprise TO func-
ton. This double imposition of taxes
and private tolls that kites cost of pro-
duction, with resultant underconsump-
ton, is held in large measure to blame
for the economic unbalance in recur-
ring booms and slumps that enrich
some and beggar many.
AS a means toward ending such con-
ditionS there long has been advocated
a levy on land to the limit of its socially
made values as a sole or basic source
of public revenue. Though in form a
tax, it in reality would be collection
of debt due the public. The problems
of unemployment, inadequate housing
and related matters of social concern
would find their solution in the greater
freedom of private undertakings, and
Government would be kept more within
bounds by the narrowing of its activi-
ties and simplif1cation of its processes.
Such all-around saving for wider
spread of prosperity should afford the
best possible answer to communism.
WALTER N. CAMPBELL.
Written on my 85th birthday.
Evening star., 1945-07-21
Powers Slave

The return of the celebrated
"Aphrodite of MeloS" to the Louvre
in Paris has served to create new
interest in the first great work of
Sculptured art to issue from the
hands of an American-the famous
Greek Slave" by Hiram Powers. Six
different editions" of it exist, but
Lorado Taft in his History of Amer
lean Sculpture" says that only one
the valued possession of the Cor
coran Gallery-is available for public
inspection. The others are privately
owned. In its premier form, the
statue went to England and is in
the collection of the Duke of Cleve-
land. The copy in Washington was
the next to be made. When orig
inally exhibited in New York in 1847,
it caused sensation. Nothing
comparable with it ever had been
shown in the United States before.
Crowds f1ocked to view it. On the
question of whether or not it con-
formed to the loftiest moral stand
ards, a committee of clergymen
unanimously agreed that it was
above reproach.
Modern judgment is in accord
with this verdict. The figure, ac-
cording to Edwin Rayner, may have
been inspired by the Venus de
Medici," attributed to Lysippus. 1t
also resembles in certain ways the
"Aphrodite of Cnidus" supposed to
have been modelled by Praxiteles.
Like both of those achievements of
antiquity, it is entirely undraped.
A living woman undoubtedly posed
for the composition. The hands and
the feet are carved with meticulous
idealism, yet they are very human.
A hint of sadness distinguishes the
countenance. The head is bent in
sorrow. Elizabeth Barrett Browning
saw in it contribution to the cause
of Greek freedom from the Turks.
She called upon the statue to appeal
from Gods pure height of
beauty against mans wrong"
The sculptor undoubtedly intended
his "Slave" to have an educational
effect in his own country as well as
in Europe. Mr.. Taft refers to him
as having discovered an "insinu-
ating" device for presenting nude
art" in communities unaccustomed
to such stark fidelity to nature. THE
subject and the treatment
awaken sympathy rather than an
tagonism." But Powers was not
deceiving anybody. He was an
American and a true believer in
Evening star., 1945-07-21
The Food Outlook

Speaking to the Nation the other
night in his dual new role of food
czar" and Secretary of Agriculture,
Clinton P. Anderson drew a gen.
eralized but nonethelesS informa-
tive picture of how the American
larder probably will look in the
coming year. Though not opti-
mistic, his words were definitely
reassuring on two counts: Active
steps are being taken to keep the
situation from worsening, and the
prospective shortages will not seri-
ouSly upset the country's diet.
On the action front, according to
Secretary Anderson, the war on the
black market is being intensified,
specific moves have been made to
improve the civilian poultry supply,
packing houses are to be used more
effectively, and plans are in motion
to tap resources in other parts of
the world-principally South Amer
lea. Moreover, although we must
continue to meet every need of the
Army and Navy and although our
own self-interest dictates that we
help the hungry of Europe as much
as possible, Mr.. Anderson has inau-
gurated "a rigid policy of close and
constant scrutiny of military and
foreign demands for food"-a step
which has already resulted in
reduction of government purchases
of meat and butter.
Despite these and other measures,
however, continuing shortages are
inevitable. Secretary Anderson
makes clear, for instance, that for
many months to come the demand
for meat will far exceed our supply.
There will be plenty of wheat, po-
tatoeS and milk. but tight trans
portation conditions may cause the
loss of tons of fresh vegetables and
fruits, while such important items
as fats and oils, canned fruits and
canned vegetables, and sugar
especially sugar will continue
short. Further, owing to the
weather. the outlook for a big corn
crop is unfavorable, fact which
has direct bearing on the produc-
ton of several kinds of food, par
ticularly meat.
AS the situation shapes up today,
says Mr.. Anderson. the remainder
of 1945 will see a reduction of about
5 per cent from 'laSt years eating
spree" But the Nations health will
not be imperiled by that. We shall
dine on more simple fare, with
Juicy roasts and steaks few and
far between. but conditions will be
no worse than in recent months,
and I'VE shall still be eating on the
average a greater total amount of
food than we did before the war"
Mr.. Anderson does not wear rose
colored glasses, but he is certainly
not pessimistic. and he makes this
cogent point:
America still throws away the
Evening star., 1945-07-21
MoniIu Conference

A portent of big things to come
can be discerned from the recent
meeting between General Douglas
Macarthur and Admiral Lord Louis
Mountbatten, Allied commander in
Southeast Asia. Accompanied by his
leading subordinates, the admiral
flew to Manila, where they engaged
with their American opposite num-
bers in the three days of staff talks
officially announced as intended Ito
arrange complete coordination be-
tween their respective commands"
1t is significant of the rapidly
changing situation in the vast war
theater, which extends from the
South Pacific to the Indian Ocean
that this is the first time Macarthur
and Mountbatten have met. AS late
as a year ago their respective battle
fronts were separated by nearly 5000
miles of Japanese held land and sea.
Today Burma and the Philippines
have alike been redeemed, while
MacArthur'S invasion of Borneo
thrusts a deep wedge into the
japanese occupied Netherlands
Indies. Once in full control of
Borneo, the way will be open for
effective blows at Java, Sumatra or
Singapore from the east, while
Mountbatten is feeling out the Japa-
neSe positions in Malaga and
Sumatra from the west. In this con-
nection it should be remembered
that japanese naval and air strength
has so diminished that major Op-
position of those service arms to
Allied offensives in this entire area
is dwindling fast. Certainly, little
aid of any kind can come from the
homeland along sealanes effectively
severed by a combined Allied naval
and air blockade. Thus the Japanese
must hold their mushroom colonial
empire with what they now have in
men, equipment and supplies,
whereas the Allies can be re-
inforced at will. The eventual out
come of this increasingly unbalanced
military situation is as obvious as
it is inevitable
This does not mean that the
Japanese are incapable of putting up
fierce and prolonged resistance in
the core of their empire, which con-
sists of a closely integrated land
block comprising French Indo-
China, Thailand, the Malay PENN
Sula and Sumatra, with the linked
island chain stretching from Java to
Timor. Massive Allied forces from
east and west will doubtless be
needed to apply the final squeeze on
japanese garriSonS, which may ag-
gregate as high as half a million
fanatical, well-armed troops. How
ever, the strategic initiative is wholly
in Allied hands. They can strike
where they will, and the Japanese
must 6isperse their forces to meet
attacks that they cannot foresee.
The full weight of the o-ordinated
Allied offensive will presumably be
deferred until the end of the
monsoon season in October, but the
time is being used to good advantage
in the redeployment of both Ameri-
can and British forces from the
European to the Pacific and Asiatic
fronts. Before the end of the current
year, it should normally be in full
swing
Evening star., 1945-07-21
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

Industrial peace-peace between Ia
Dor and promises to be
the great problem of postwar United
States. In order to help meet this prob
lem three members of the Senate,
Hatch of New Mexico, Democrat, and
Ball of Minnesota and Burton Of Ohio,
Republicans, have jointly sponsored
comprehensive bill to clarity the policy
of the Federal Government toward Ia
hor relations Such clarification is long
overdue Further the bill sets up ma
chinery for peaceful settlement OF labor
disputes where they affect interstate
and foreign commerce. Three steps are
provided The first is settlement by
agreement through bona fide represent
atives of both labor and management.
The second is mediation, and the third
is arbitration. Sponsors of the meas
ure are confident that before all these
steps have been completed, adjustments
of the vast majority of labor disputes
can be settled and strikes and lockouts
avoided.
The measure in many respects fol-
lows the lines of the Railway Labor
Act for the settlement of disputes, an
act which has worked well over long
period of years. 1t does not disturb that
act at all as it relates to the carriers.
There is in it, however, a new note
compulsory arbitration to protect the
public against interruption of vital
services, such as electricity or gas or
milk. This compulsory arbitration, how
ever, is last resort, and the findings
run fer one year and not more than
two. There is no hint, even in this, of
involuntary servitude, for the right of
worker to quit If he or she desires is
expressly maintained.
There are three titles in the bill. The
first provides for the establishment of
a Federal Labor Relations Board and
provides for the settlement of disputes
through the steps already outlined. The
second is devoted to amendments CT the
National Labor Relations Act. 1t sets
up an independent, quasi judicial agen-
cy, the Unfair Labor Practices Tribunal,
and 1t rewrites the unfair labor prac-
tices so as to make them apply more
equitably to both employers and en-
ployes, a change which has been long
overdue. .
The closed shop is dealt with from a
new angle. No effort is made to outlaw
the closed shop. However, the Unfair
Labor Practices Tribunal, acting on its
own volition or on complaint, is en-
powered to deny closed shop contract
II 1t found the union in violation Of
Evening star., 1945-07-21
July 20 Heroes
BY Gault MacGowan

POTSDAM, July 20 tBy Wireless).-
Security guards and Secret Service men
in the conference area began their
duties yesterday with reminder that
this is the anniversary of last years
bomb attack on Hitler, and redoubled
precautions against possible warewolf
activities, which apparently are still
worrying security minded officials.
However, instead of regarding this day
with fears of attacks on democracy,
Berlin's new newspaper, Berliner lei
tung, leads with special article by
Andreas Hermes, pre- Hitler minister of
agriculture and food controller of Berlin.
appealing for the ranking OF the July
20 heroes" as patriots who gave their
lives for the fatherland.
Devoting complete inside page OF the
paper to recollections of the 1914 bomb
plot, Zeitungs is apparently trying to
make Germany's July 20 rank with
Americas July 4 and Frances July IA
and trying to awake the Big Three to
the realization that Germany had de-
termined anti-Nazis who were prepared
to sacrifice their lives for the father
land. Among those hanged after the
attack on Hitler was Count Won Schulen-
burg, former German Ambassador to
Moscow and a personal friend of Gen.
eralissimo Stain. Won Schulenberg was
one of the major factors in negotiating
the 1899 friendship pact with Russia.
Hermes is slated for the leadership of
Berlin's newest political party, the Chris
tian Democratic Union, which normally
would be regarded as a party OF the
center, but now is considered rightist,
with the disappearance of the Nazis.
The Russians sanctioned the formation
of this party, and as the Americans and
British confirmed all Russian DEGREES
Evening star., 1945-07-21
Understanding

! sat0 farmer shade his eyes
And gaze and gaze into the skies,
As silper things scared roiselessly
AboOe his tporld OF soil and tree.
Forgotten stood the ancient plough,
The pustureland, the patient cotp;
All earthly things that he had seen
These many years Dere duh routine
As in imagination he
Scared miles beyond their constnncy
To be abreast OF time and space,
And for moment In his face
I saW the sad, betpildered pride
OF one ,0hose dreams hung crucifed.
Then fearing lest / should tntrude
Myself upon this solitude,
I strobe at0Gy before he knet1
Ny SON had been pilot, tool
Whey WILDER.
Evening star., 1945-07-21
Gaining Practice >
From the New York Herald Tribune.

From the New York Herald Tribune.
In peace as in war, succession Of
victories, with a general preponderance
of gains over losses, is matter for
sober congratulation. 1t is such trend
which is now apparent in international
affairs-a trend which by no means
guarantees final success without further
striving but which does offer encourage
ment to those who are willing to work
and sacrifice to secure a durable peace.
The victorious nations are gaining prac-
tice in the difficult art of working to-
gether in the complexities of peace,
as they already had become skilled in
cooperating toward the relatively SIM
pie goals of war
Evening star., 1945-07-21

liberty. Born in the glorious hills
of Woodstock, Vermont, July 30,
1905, he belonged to an age in which
the influence of the founders OF the
United States was authentic and
real. He executed statues of Franklin
and Jefferson for the Capitol and
effigies of many other patriots for
other places. His residence in the
District of Columbia between 1884
and 1885 was an important period
of his life. The "Slave" is dated 1843.
1t was done in Florence in Italy,
where the sculptor lived, labored
and prospered from 1887 until his
death, June 27, 1873.
Evening star., 1945-07-21

richest garbage of the whole world
despite shortages in various food
items Here is where every citizen
can help by seeing to it that no
food is wasted either in the kitchen
or on the table. Every pound of
food saved is just as good as a
pound of extra food produced"-a
suggestive thought to be taken to
heart by all Americans.
Evening star., 1945-07-21

In Missouri recently man named
Dollar married woman named
Nickel. If he will take the advice
of matrimonial veterans, he will re-
frain from referring to the little
woman as his better one-twentieth.
Evening star., 1945-07-21
Political Wisdom

From the Montreal Star.
Canada's future is of far too great
Importance to its people for them to
intrust it for one minute to wildcat
experiments of government, be 1t munici-
pal, provincial or federal.
Evening star., 1945-07-21
Praise for Mr.. Kent

To the Editor Of The Star:
I want to commend the article by
Frank r. Kent in the Star of July II
in connection with the Ball-Burton-
Hatch bill, in regard to industrial
relations, in which he points out that
more votes can be lost through sub
serviency to the labor lobby than by
independence of it." A. e. LEWIS.
Evening star., 1945-07-21

President Truman thus far since
April IL has acted as though he
really wants to put into practice
what Thomas Jefferson wrote in
1900: Il never considered difference
of opjnion in politics, in religion, in
philosophy, as cause for withdrawing
from friend"
Evening star., 1945-07-21
And More Fruits!

From the st. Louis Post Dispatch.
The meat shortage proves one thing
When they speak of the fruits of victory,
they do mean fruits.