davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
Army Studins More Effective
WayO or Training Negroes

handicaps Of excessive illiteracy
and inadequate training, he said,
while Negroes are always sensitive
to incidents which revive race pre-
JUDGES, and many Of them lack a
clear conviction Of what they are
fighting for.
4 POSTWAR FATCOR
Mr.. Gibson said the War Depart
ment is especially interested / n the
problem because it is a stumbling
block to the departments hopes for
postwar universal military train
ing legislation. IF We have uni
versal military training. Negroes
have to be included he said. "One
OF the keys to defeat Of the nurse
draft bill is that out of 5000 reg
istered Negro nurses it (The Army
has taken only a few more than
2OO.'
The problem cannot be solved
merely by legislation, but it can and
will be solved by determination on
the part Of the Army" he added
Mr.. Gibson Will report to the War
Departments Advisory Committee
on Special Troop Policies, of which
Assistant Secretary of War John L.
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
NAACP. Adopts Resolutions
On Colonial Issues and Policy

United Nations that the ownership
and control of colonies and depend
encies be recognized in information
al law only on the following terms:
"(a) That the dominating country
solemnly engage to give the peopl-
es Of sucn areas Immediately a
voice in their own government, (b)
That it solmely declare It's intention
that by a given date these peoples
shall either be integrated into the
polity Of the mother country with
full rights of citizenship; or shall
be allowed to become Independent
and autonomous countries as the
peoples themselves shall decide. (c)
That the natural of these
countries including mines, Forests,
land and it's materials shall be own
ed by the colonies and used prirn-
arily for the benefit of the inhabit-
ants of the area; hat the organic
alton of industry, the control of las
Dor and investment of capital shall
be ordered for the benefit of the
people in the area and not simply
for profit of invested capital or pri-
marily for the welfare Of people out
side the colony. (d) That an inter-
national Mandates Commission be
established and supplemented under
the supreme authority of the Unit
ed Nations with the right to sup
ervise the government of territory
mandaated after the First World
War and any such enemy territory
investigate report and recommend
action in the ease Of countries who
do not keep their commitments in
colonies or will not make such cas-
es the conduct and administration
Of these colonies be placed under
control of the Mandates Commits
ion, backed by the authority of the
listed Nations"
Warning that no action less than
indicated in the foregoing para
graphs could be depended upon ito
rescue this world from continued
war and the persistent exploitation
Of a large portion of mankind, if
not indeed the majority Of human
beings" the statement pointed out,
that. every demand on colonial
powers here made has at some time
or other been declared by these
powers as an integral part Of their
policy. Peace and civilization, hui
mainly and religion today demand
this sacrifice of independence on
the part of the worlds great powers
for social progress and democracy"
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
ObaLaxityinN Negro
NeighborhoodS

neighborhoods as beyond the pale
Of the law insofar as observing
price ceilings is concerned. In this
connection, surveys made sometime
ago by u branches in New York
City and Chicago disclosed that Ne
gro shoppers in their neighbor-
hoods must pay considerably more
for foodstuffs than persons in com
parable white neighborhoods. In
New York, for example, it was
found that a Negro family OF four
pays an average Of ) percent more
for the privilege of shopping in
Harlem and in Chicago such a fam
lily pays roughly 3 percent more.
From all reports, these conditions
are typical Of differentials obtain
ing in most urban centers with a
substantial large Negro population"
This difference is due not only to
sub-standard food products sold in
catering to Negroes, but al
so reflects the practice Of these
merchants to edge up the price in
violation of the Act"
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
NEGRO LAWYER, IN ITALY
FOR STIMSON, CALLS ILLIT-
ERACY A FACTOR IN 92ND
DIVISION
CBY JOHN CHABoT SMITH

(BY JOHN CHABOT SMITH
by Wireless to the Herald Tribune
Copyright, 1916, New York Tribune.
Inc.
ROME, March 1.-THE War De-
partment is making a special effort
to find u why the 92nd Infantry
Division and other Negro combat
units have made unsatisfactory
showings. and to work out new
methods for dealing with the par
ticular problems Of Negro troops,
it was revealed today by Truman
K Gibson, Jr, civilian advisor 70 the
Secretary Of War.
Mr.. Gibson a Negro attorney from
Chicago, who has been in italy since
February % on a Notwithstanding
mission that will take him to other
Negro units in other war theatres,
said he had found no reason 10 be
lieve that Negroes as a rae are any
less courageous than other people.
The cpd Division lah0rs under the
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
Pointed Out

Washington, DC.,-In urging the
establishment of the Price Control
and Sterilization Act under which
OPA operates, Leslie Perry of the
Washington Bureau NAACP, charg-
ed among other things in his testi-
mony before the Senate Banking
and Currency Committee, violation
of rent ceilings on the part Of land
lords in Negro ne~ighborhoods and
the negligible lack of attention to
his problem by OPA. Pointing to
this single reservation which could
be Eliminated through appropriate
rye made with a view to better
enforcement, Perry declared, the
NAACP heartily endorses the con-
tinuation of the present program"
Basing the major part Of testi-
mony on experience reported by
NAACP branches all over the coun-
try, Perry said, Il al say that the
overwhelming majority of our mem
bership appreciates the Importance
of price control legislation and IL
heartily in favor Of an extended and
strengthened Price Control Act.
without the controls in force today
by virtue Of Shis Act( the cost Of
living during World War ii would
have spiraIed just as did in 1917-1S"
"A problem that is perculiar to
the Negro in this whole question
flows from restricting Negroes to
-overcrowded, segregated neighbour
hoods. AS a natural product OF
this practice, which obtains for the
most part in urban centers through
out the United States, is the distinc5
economic disadvantages that he suf-
fers as a consumer. Landlords and
operators of retail food stores in
Negro neighborhoods have been
prone to regard such segregated
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
Hhten Memoda to be Dedicated by Rev. Sanchez at St Philips Church Sunday, Ma2
PULPIT GIVEN IN HER
MEMORY BY SON, LIT. JESS
HUTTEN

a pulpit given in memory Of the
late Mrs. Grace Hutton, by her son,
Lit. Jess Hutton, will be dedicated
at Saint Philips Church, 1921 North
21st street, Sunday, March 25 at
HOO am, by the Rev. S. G. Sanchez
D. D., rector of the parish.
Mrs. Hutton was a Case Worker
for the Family Welfare Association
for 20 years. She was also a mem
Der Of the Nebraska Welfare AS
ISOLATION, of the American Assoc
iation of Social Workers and a faith
full communicate Of st. Philips par
ish.
1t. Jess Hutton and his wife now
reside in California, where they
went after his honorable discharge
from the q. S. army.
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
M-Sgt. J. B. Crumbley
Awarded Certificate
of Merit in France

Master Sergeant James B. Crum-
bley has been awarded a certifi-
cate Of Merit in recognition Of con
spicuously meritorious and out
standing performance of military
duty.
Stationed somewhere in France,
he has been cited for his ability in
receiving, storing and issuing am
munition.
Sgt Crumbley has been in the
service for three years and has
been overseas for one year.
In civilian life, he was owner Of
the well-known N~abcrnood Gar
age.
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24

NEW YORK-A resolution on
Colonial issues and policy adopted
by the NAACP Board Of Directors
and transmitted March Is to Secre-
tary of State Edward R. Stettinius,
for consideration at the San Fran
cisco Conference to be held April
26, called for "a declaration of rae
ial equality of the great groups of
mankind in ternational law. and
provision against economic and gov
ernmental exploitation of colonies.
The resolution written by DR.. Du-
Bots demanded hat these steps be
taken ito make war at once unlike
ly and Improbable"
In regard to the control and
ownership Of colonies, the state
ment urged sit be the sense of the
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24

McCloy. ~ chairman.
Talking frankly at a press con
ferncc. Mr.. Gibson said he had tri-
ed to find out why Negro troops
80 often melt away" in the face Of
the enemy. Similar things have
happened in white units, he said,
but not on such a large scale.
Where a few stragglers will fall
by the wayside in other units, a
whole Negro platoon will sometim-
es get panicky, particular at night
when the individual soldier feels
ne has been left alone with no one
around to support him in battle.
Not all Negro troops melt away an
der fire, he said.
He cited numerous instances Of
personal courage and of companies
battalions and regiments which had
distinguished themselves.
WHERE THE TROUBLE LIES
Mr.. Gibson found the answer to
the 92d's problem largelg in the
divisions history. 1t was activat-
ed three year ago. before the Ar
my's special training program for
initerates was developed, and many
Continued on Page ~4)
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24

lined by Valentine, who accented
the tensions in that city on house
ing. asserting that 81. OO0 Negroes
had moved into the acre in the past
four years. up to last summer;
that $4,000 applications for house
ing which had been presented by
Negroes last year had yielded only
1000 filed: that there were only
three areas left which can be utiliz-
ed for houseing, but they cannot be
used until the Mayor and the Com
mon Council everses the policy
that the racial composition Of these
neighboorhoods must be kept.
St Louis. tension spot was en-
ployment. jefferson indicated. with
more than one hundred of the city's
employers still refusing to hire
Negroes. He also observed that St.
Louis record of twelve to fourteen
all Negro strikes led the country.
Allen Of Baltimore predicted ser
ious conflict in employment after
the war. but emphasized the fact
that with 10000 Negroes having
moved into a residential area with
out appreciate expansion of the
area, early. serious conflict was
likely.
Gould was the only optimist in
the group. He expressed himself as
not too pessimistic about the pro-
gress of race relations efforts in a
number Of aeras in Chicago.
The Forum, exceptionally well
attended. was a part Of the Nation
al Urban Leagues Vocational OPP
%portunity Campaign Week. which is
set aside each year to stress vocat
ional training as a means Of helping
to solve the problem of the Negroes
status as q worker.
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
Urban League
Takes Over &C
Credit Union

after o than a years study
the Four "Cs" Credit Union has
come under the sponsorship Of tn,
Omaha Urban League Community
Center" said Mr.. E. r. Fletcher
president Of the Credit Union
Board, today.
The Credit union membership
after the proper notice. took &C
ton at their annual meeting on
January 20 and received the Ger
tificate Of Approval for the change
last month.
The Credit union one of several
thousand in the United States. was
organized in 1888 by the Central
ized Commonwealth Cicic Club,
commonly called the Four -C's"
Club for the purpose of encourag-
ing thrift among it's members and
to make loans where needed by its
members. The Four "Cs" credit
union is covered by the State Bank
ing Department of Nebraska has
an annual audit by a state examin-
er and carries a sufficient bond on
the OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES.
The amendment to the Bylaws
Banking of Nebraska makes it pos
sib1e now for every member of the
Omaha Urban League-men and
women-to become q member Of the
Four "C's" Credit Union.
During the past seven years, the
credit union a loaned sSS31.25 to
III members. All Of the money was
paid back to the union without a
lawsuit or without the use of a
collection agency. The Board of
Directors recently raised the loan
limit to 5000. The 1875 members Of
the Union have purchased S1OS1-61
in shares as of December 81, 1914.
Members of the credit union save
by borrowing money from their or
g~anization and avoid carrying
charges for cash purchases. The
interest charges on loans are con-
s~iderably lower than those cnarg-
ed by commercial loan companies.
Dividends may be declared to mem
bers at the end Of the year.
Anyone in this community may
become eligible for membership III
the credit union by joining the O.
maha Urban League Community
Center at 2213 Lake Street, whicl.
is also the headquarters Of the
Credit Union. The Board of Dir
ectors must approve all applica-
tions for membership in their reg
ular monthly meeting.
The Board Of Directors and Of
ficers recently elected are: Edw-
ard R. Fletcher, President; George
Harris, Vice President; Raymond
r. Brown, Secretary-Treasurer; .
NJ. Forrest, H. w. Smith, A. B.
Wright, c. W. Pierce, DR.. ]. J.
Jones and Onward R. Crooms.
Supervisory Committee: L. f. Nc
Intosh, Robert Harris. and James
w. Headley. Credit Committee:
DR.. NJ. E. Johnson. Charles Cole
man, John T. Davis. E. W. Nc
Cowan, n Bert Tate.
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24

ed down in the legislatures of Ar
kansas and Georgia
If Texas passes this bill which
bears the mark and the spirit of
Hitler's swastika, the Christian
Americans will have won the Souths
biggest -bridgehead: the Lone Star
State. The road will be wide open
for the Christian Americans, backed
by the dime a dozen poll tax office
holders to shut the Negro out from
every skilled job in Dixie and to
keep all Of Dixie's laboring folks
down to grits and hoecake-
The road will also be open wide,
men in uniform, for Lewis and hi"
wreckers to call strikes, not only
in the mining industry, but in every
other industry where Lewis mas
kept a bridgehead by keaving his
rough and tough boys in the CIO
after he himself had drawn from
it. 1t is the Lewis gang which is
responsible for the current strikes
in Detroit's automobile plants.
SOS. for Democracy
I'm writeing this column as an
S. o. S. to my readers, and to the
Southern people OF both colors. 1
want our boys or both colors to
finish up the job Of shooting out
the Hitlers over there SO that they
can come back soon and finish up
the job of voting out the Hitlers
over here. Every ton of coal or
every machine part held up by a
strike not only l%engthens the days
of Adolf Hitler in Germany, but
also the days of "Pappy ODaniel,"
The Man BiIbo,' and old cussspitt-
ing John Rankin in Dixie.
You will remember hat Congress
enacted the Smith-C onnally anti
strike act sponsored by Howard
Smith of Virginia and Tom Connally
Of Texas after Lewis had pulled the
1913 coal strike. Now l have been
informed tina Vance Muses. best
friend in the Texas legislature, Rep
Marshall o. Bell of San Antonio, is
prayinp to God that Lewis Will call
the miners out on strike on April
Il. This is just what it will take
for Bell to stampede his fellow
legislators into passing the anti
Negro a%nti-labor Right to work"
Bill.
The Smith-Connally Act did not
stop strikes. 1t caused strikes.
And the Right to Work" Bill will
start strikes rather than stop them
Reactionary big employers support
'anti-strike" legislation to cause
strikes SO they will have an excuse
after the war to clamp down a fas-
cist dictatorship on all of US. John
l. Lewis and Vance Muse are help
ing them prepare for that job.
Now friends I'm not throwing off
on u brothers-the Negro and
white miners of Dixie. Their wage
demands are just. I am hoping
that the government Will take ove-
the mines before April 1 in order
that our brothers will have a little
more to take home to their wives
and babies come Saturday night.
But I hope also that our brothers
will not play into the hands Of
those who would wreck the human
race-the Christian Americans.
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
TICKETS STILL ON SALE FOR
w. :. TOWNSEND LECTURE

Miss Mae B. Taylor, Chairman Of
the Membership Committee Of the
Omaha Urban League announced
that sale of memberships and tic
kets to the meeting March 29th at
Pilgrim Baptist Church, viii be at
the following places on Saturday,
of this week: Johnson Drug Store;
Omaha Quitting Co.; MaceTs Res
taurant; Ritz Theatre; Tuxedo Bar
Der Shop; Killingsworth & Price
and Mayo's Barber Shops.
Salespeople at the above locations
Will be-Mrs. Cloma Scott; Mrs.
Grayce Bradford; Miss Evelyn Bat
ties; Mrs. Lucy Mae Britt and Miss
Mae B. Taylor; and Mr.. Burns Scott
Mr.. H G. Clark; Mr.. E. NJ. Forrest
and Mr.. Arthur B. McCaw.
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
Midyear Graduate Atlanta Social
school Gets Cleveland Post

year graduate of the Atlanta Uni
versity School of Social Work, be-
gan work as Case Worker with the
Children's Service Bureau Of the
Cleveland Ohio Humane Society
February Is, 1915. Miss Helm is a
native of Wichita, Kansas.
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
'STETTINIUS ASKED WHAT Is THE
ROLE OF COLONIES
FRISCO MEET
!, Letter Signed by
w. T.. B. Dubois

New York-An inquiry directed
by the NAACP to the Secretary of
State asked if on the agenda Of the
approaching conference in San
Francisco, the question of colonies
and their future status and treat
ment will be considered?" In addi-
ton, the letter which was signed
by DR.. w. E. B. Dubois, inquired if
ANY commissions or spokesman
from the colonial peoples will be
present to speak directly or indir-
ectly for their aspirations and pro-
gress.' Finally it inquired 'if any
provisions will be made for the rep
resentation of American Negroes at
the San Francisco meeting in order
that they may advocate an advise
measures for their own social pro-
gress and also be given opportunity
to speak for other peoples of Afri-
a descent. whom they in a very
real sense representa-
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
FOUND WITH THROAT CUT

Floyde Combs, 40, Of 2616 Maple
street. a packinghouse worker was
found with his throat slashed sun
day in the basement of his home.
Police said Mr.. Combs was found
BY Edward g. Clark, same address
after he heard a cry in the base
ment. A razor was found by pol
ice. Mr.. Combs was taken to Doc
tors Hospital.
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
GUN STOLEN FROM HOME
OF MILTON JOHNSON

A rs caibre pistol valued at $13
was reported stolen from the home
Of Milton Johnson. 1886 Decatur
Street last Saturday. "a basement
window had been forced open.
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
E. w. Sherman's Son
Seriously Wounded in
Germany Combat Area
FAMILY RECEIVES SAD NEWS
OF son IN SERVICE

Mr.. Sherman. one Of the propri-
etors of the Edholm and Sherman
Laundry. who is chairman of sell
ective service board No. 3, was in
formed Of his son being dangerous
~ wounded in combat duty in Ger
many. A few days ago he arrived
in America He is now at Fitz-
simon's Hospital in Denver. in a
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
DU BOIS TO BE NAACP
OBSERVER AT SAN FRANCISCO

New York-Dr. W. E. B. Dubois,
director of special research for the
NAACP, and long a student of col
onies particularly African affairs,
was named March u by the NAA-
CP board of directors to be an OBJ
server for the NAACP at the Unit
ed Nations conference opening
April Is in San Francisco, Calf.
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24

cast from his neck down with
fighting chance to come out OK.
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
the Christian Americans,

the CHRISTIAN Americans,
and John L. Lewis,
ers Of America.
This weeks bouquets to the
little group of legislators in Arkan-
sas and the little group of legislat-
ors in Georgia who spiked the
Christian American anti-closed shop
anti-FEPC right to work bills
which would give John l. Lewis
undercover gumshoe men in the
Southern Labor movement the
chance they want to call more
strikes and strech out the war.
This weeks big question mark
the Texas Legislature which has be-
fore it the same kind Of bill turn
The Omaha guide., 1945-03-24
RoILERMAKERs, AUXILIARY
ABOLISHED
CLIO URGES LEGISLATIVE
APPROACH

] RAYMOND Walsh, Go repre-
sentative, emphasizing the import
anee of legislative action in better
ing job opportunities for Negros.
mentioning specifically the Federal
FEPC. He pointed out the establish
ment of an FEPC within h JAW
and the 100 percent record of NMU
in it's Negro-white brotherhood as
examples OF Go achievement in
the specific field Of Negro employ
ment-
Captain Mcdowell stated his be-
lief that the Negro wants and is
entitled to the right to compete on
an equal basis with the whites in
terms Of training. experience, and
ability for employment. He also
disclosed an opinion that the re
s~ponsibility for the solution Of
race problems lies outside the
field Of industry. 1t rests in part
on the schools, the churches, social
institutions labor organizations,
Captain Mcdowell continued and
upon individual members Of each
community, and to a large extent
on the Negro himself"
Attorney Poses. who spoke ex-
temporaneously. although she had
a prepared speech. was quite m
phatic in declaring the declared
policies. laws and constitutional
provisions against discrimination
were not enough. Equal opportun-
ity must cease to be words used as
window dressing for democracy,
she stated" but must become part
and inherent in the process. As a
people we intend to protect the
right Of minority groups to equal
employment. AS a result. we are
prepared to penalize those who
thwart equal opportunity.
LEAGUE SOCIALISTS PREDICT
INCREASED TENSIONS
The evening was highlited by re-
ports from the League specialists
from varioue tension spots in the
country. Bell. in discussing the
South. stated thai contrary to some
Of the thinking of many elements
in the South, the southern Negro is
not adjusted to his situation, add
ing that. we hardly expect him to
he if for no other reason than
that for the past four years, he
las been exposed to a constant
barage Of governmental propaganda
calling for a brigh new world Of
-four freedms. he has to accept
those ideals as his own"
The Detroit situation was out
Evening star., 1945-03-18
ENGAGEMENTS
Continued From Page B-O

engagement Is announced by heI
parents, DR.. and Mrs. George Rich
ard Huffman.
Miss Huffman Is a graduate OF
Sidwell Friends School and of Ran
dolph- Macon Woman's College and
Mr.. Smythe, who now is based at
Fort Bragg, N. c., attended Culver
Military School, the University OF
Oklahoma and Oklahoma City Uni
versity. He is the son of Mrs. Jeanne
Turner Smythe of Oklahoma City
and Mr.. William Otho Smythe of
OskalooSa, Kans.
The engagement of Miss Rosemary
Veronica johnson to Ensign Frank
Cooper Macdonald, U. S. N. R., is
announced by her parents, Mr.. Rob-
ert H. johnson and Mrs. Rosemary
Troxell johnson. Ensign Macdonald
Is the son of Mr.. and Mrs. Frank
Macdonald.
The bride-elect is a graduate of
Holy Cross Academy and Wilson
Teachers College. She attended
George Washington and American
Universities and is studying for her
masters degree at Duke University.
Ensign Macdonald was graduated
Evening star., 1945-03-18

from the Catholic University and
attended George Washington Uni
versity.
The wedding is planned to take
place In the late summer.
Miss Marguerite Hazel Mcclure
and Midshipman William Vernon
Hanson, U. S. NJ, whose engage
ment is announced by the BRIDE
elects aunt, Miss Betty Mcclure,
will be married June 8.
Miss MCGUIRE is the daughter of
Mr.. John G. Mcclure OF Richmond,
Calf, and the late Mrs. Mcclure
and has made her home here since
childhood. She is at present en-
ployed with the British Admiralty
delegation.
Midshipman Hanson is the son of
Mr.. Elisha Hanson of Bethesda and
Mrs. John Harvey Becque of New
orleans. He attended the College
of William and Mary before entering
the United States Naval Academy
with the class of 1916.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Storey of
Arlington announce the engage
ment of their daughter, Miss Kath-
Evening star., 1945-03-18

Mr.. and Mrs. David Lorenz an
nounce the engagement of their
daughter, Miss Ruth Lorenz. to Pfc.
Gilbert r. Mendelsohn, son of Mr..
and Mrs. Lewis I. MendelSohn.
Evening star., 1945-03-18

crime L. Storey, to Pfc. George M.
Yeatman, jr., with the wedding to
take place in August.
Miss Storey is a graduate of
Washington-Lee High School and
Pvt. Yeatman was graduated from
Carlisle Military Academy. He now
is based in Coffeyville, Kans.