davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-12-01
premises zoned for white occu-

premises zoned for white occu-
pancy."
E. F. B. Brigham, who appeared
for the two couples at the hearing
before Judge Milledge, argued the
zoning regulation is in violation of
18th amendment to the United
States constitution and the declara-
ton of rights of the Florida consti-
tuition. He also contended Florida
law does not authorize the commits
sioners to designate in what areas
members of races may reside and
the commission has no authority to
make it a penal offense to reside in
such areas.
Attorneys appearing on behalf of
the state and county include S. R.
Carson, assistant state attorney.
Roland Sweet and John C. Wynn,
assistant county solicitors; Rep.
George S. Okell and Rudolph Isem,
assistant county attorney. Since
their arrests, the couples have been
at Liberty under bonds of $3.50
each.
Sam B. Solomon, local editor and
publisher, has worked along with
Wesley E. Garrison, white, million
aire promoter of the area in ques-
ton, to smash the undemorcratic
enforcement against Negroes.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-12-01

meet in Macon for the purpose of
organizing statewide Non-Parti-
san Citizens committee to help Ne
groes of Georgia Economically and
politically"
The call, which directs attention
to the "vast Importance" of the re-
peal of the poll tax and the recent
decision of Judge T. Hoyt Davis
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-12-01
N0N-pARTI5AN GEORGIA
LEAGUE PLANS MACON MEET

ATLANTIC, Dec. l (ANP)-
Under sponsorship of the Atlantic
Civic and Political league and
headed by John Wesley Dobbs, a
non-partisan call has been issued
to Negro citizens of the state to
Evening star., 1945-02-21
Navy Officer Found Dead
In Yard Of ARLINGTON Home

The body of 1t. Robert Sander
son, Al, Navy Medical Corps, was
found this morning in the yard of
his home, 1400 North Veitch street,
Arlington.
According to police, 1t. Sander
son, who was stationed at the Navy
Department here, was found by a
neighbor, Mrs. j. M. MOZART. Police
said the lieutenant apparently had
been dead for three or four hours.
He was dressed in dungarees, and
was lying in wooded path at the
side of his home. Police said there
were no marks of violence.
DR.. w. C. Welburn, Arlington
County coroner, said the body has
been turned over to naval authori-
ties for an autopsy. He said
death certificate will be issued in
the county following a conference,
with Navy doctors.
A prominent Boston physician be-
fore entering the Navy more than
two years ago, 1t. Sanderson FORM
|erly made his home in Dedham,
Mass. He received his medical de-
gree from Harvard Medical School.
He is survived by his widow: four
children, Jane, Kenneth, Colin and
Robert, jr., and by brother, George
ISanderSon, New York.
Evening star., 1945-02-21
Americans Use Ropes to Climb
And Recupture ItuIiui Peak

The attack in the Belvedere area
was launched Monday night. The
mountain villages of Polla; valpiana
and Monte Gongolesco were brought
into the 5th Army lines.
American troops, especially trained
to operate in the snow-capped
Apennines, worked their way
through heavy minef1elds to begin
the assault shortly after midnight.
The enemy laid down heavy ar
tillery and mortar fire during the
night, but when dawn came Allied
planes and artillery silenced many
Nazi guns. Belvedere was in Amer
ican hands at dawn.
In one counterattack 80 Of the
enemy came forward with Their
hands raised as il to surrender,
then dropped to the ground and
opened fire. Fifth Army troops
drove them off with casualties. The
5th Army's losses were described
as extremely light.
Evening star., 1945-02-21
(see MANPOWER, Page A-50
Railroads Policy on Deferments
Criticized ut Black Market rial

executive experience to command
railway troops. Instead, he said,
they followed policy of letting
us have the men they could spare. !"
Yesterday Army undercover agents
testified that black market opera
tions were SO widespread in the
716th Battalion that the men them
selves called it "the million-d dollar
battalion. Z
Agent Robert p. OReilly testi-
fed that men Of the battalion, bill
leted In a former girls school,
assured him he could make big
money by looting supply trains
and selling cigarettes, chocolate, cof-
fee and other items in the French
black market. He said he was given
addresses Of cafes, brothels and
other places where black market
operators would pay of
He also told Of an instance where
each OF seven Army poker players
paid 1000 francs ($l40) to see the
last card in q seven-card stud game
Another agent told OF poker games
In which as much as 100, 900 francs
($2 ,000) was on the table.
Evening star., 1945-02-21
900 Marines Killed or Missinq,
3>O63Woundedin2Days onIwo;
New Gains Announced by Nimitz
EnveIoping Drive
Begun on Jops'
Fiqhter Field
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
PACIFIC FLEET HEADQUAR-
TIERS, Guam, Feb. 21.-Approxi-
mately $3.50 marines were killed
or wounded in the first 48 hours
of the battle for Two Jima, Ad-
miral Chester w. Nimitz an
nounced today as he reported
the Leathernecks made general
advances ranging up to 1000
yards on the islands central air.
field.
Admiral Nimitz listed approx
mately $500 enlisted men and $50
officers as casualties-killed, wound
ed and missing He said 3,063 of
the wounded have been evacuated,
indicating about 600 were killed or
missing.
There was no estimate of Japa-
neSe losses.
Tank-led Marines, holding firm
control of more than a third of
the island, began an enveloping
drive against the fighter field, known
as Motoyama No. 2. The 5th Marine
Division by-passed the southern
tip of the field in fanking move,
preparatory to striking at it from
the west, while the 4th Division
pushed directly toward the center
of the airdrome.
Steady Hail of Fire.
Every yard of the advance was
made under a steady hail of Japa-
nese machine gun, mortar, rifle and
rocket fire over wet, rocky slopes
criss crossed with revetments, pill
boxes, blockhouses, and reinforced
sniper holes. Mines and tank traps
we're plentiful.
Qn reports which were at va
rance with American accounts,
japanese broadcasts claimed that
counterattacks on the southern
coast had forced the enemy to
retreat with heavy losses
Zone version of the counterat-
Evening star., 1945-02-21
Showdown on WAGE
Battle Seen in WLB's
Textile, Meat Decision
Vinson Cought Between
Demands for Price
Relief, Strike Threats
BY JAMES Y. NEWTON.

The administration today was
confronted squarely with the
decision whether to continue the
policy of granting fringe" wage
adjustments outside of basic
rates or to clamp a freeze" or
all wages.
War Labor Board rulings last
night approved fringe" increases
for workers in the textile and meat
packing industries. The action
brought to showdown the battle
over wage policy between the board
and Economic Sterilization Director
Vinson, who has insisted that nc
increases necessitating price rises
be granted.
WLB stayed its orders affecting
pay of textile and packing house
workers pending settlement Of policy
differences by Mr.. Vinson. But the
problem definitely was in the lap
of the stabilization director, who
was caught between threats Jo1
strikes from workers and demands
of price relief from industry.
Miners in Picture.
Looming large in the picture and
undoubtedly affecting action of Mr.
Vinson is John L. Lewis, whose
negotiations for a new contract anf
more pay for the United Mine
Workers begins next week. The
administration knows that Mr.
Lewis will raise its greatest stabil.
ization problem and win force the
Governments hand to the limit.
The board decided to boost sub.
standard" pay of textile workers anc
give uniform wages to packing work.
erS. The previous subStandard leve
Evening star., 1945-02-21
Baseball Chiefs
Agree Reduce
Travel Is Pei.
World Series Moy Be
Eliminated; AII-Stur
Come Cancelled
Earlier Story on Page A-12,)

Major league baseball leaders
agreed at a conference with
ODT Director j. Monroe Johnson
today to cut 1945 travel Is per
cent and eliminate the World
Series if war conditions dictate
that course.
1t also was learned that the 1945
All-Star game, scheduled for Fen
way Park in Boston, will not be
played.
A statement issued by Col. john
son after meeting with Ford Prick,
president OF the National League,
and Will Harridge, president of the
American League, said the baseball
leaders also had agreed to the fol-
lowing:
/. Games will be played only in
the home city of one or the other
competing teams. This means that
there will be no exhibition games
except at Army and Navy establish
ments, where the military will pro-
vide transportation Preseason train
ing will continue to be held at or
near the home city of each team.
Roster to Be Reduced.
| 2. Team rosters, when travelling.
will be reduced to a minimum.
3. All clubs will re-examine their
schedules and make such further
transportation savings as are pos
sible
Col. Johnson said the baseball
chiefs, agreed that the World Series
will be played ony if transportation
and war conditions at the time
permits.
The ODT director declared base
ball already has effected large eco
nomics in transportation since the
start of the war, and said he con-
siders the sport an excellent travel
deterrent.
Twenty thousand fans in the
grandstand seat probably means
several thousand less travellers in
railroad and bus Seats" Col. john
son said. Tn that way a compara-
lively reasonable amount of travel
by baseball groups is a good invest
ment in the general travel conser-
vation economy.
Further Curbs Possible.
However, the transportation sit
uation this year is so critical that
I am asking baseball to effect such
further economies as will permit
the continuance of the national
game and reduce still further its
demands on transportation.
The meeting with Mr.. Prick and
n Mr.. Harridge will, ! am sure, result
in such economies and I hope that
baseball can continue without fur
ther restrictions so far as transpor-
tation is concerned. However, the
transportation situation is so crit
ical today that there may be further
restrictions.
Col. Johnson said later that ODT
is formulating a policy that will call
for substantial travel reductions by
all sports.
Mr.. Frick and Mr.. Harridge con-
ferred yesterday with War Mobiliza :
tion Director Byrnes on baseball's
manpower problems.
Evening star., 1945-02-21
Coffery to Talk With De GouIIe
On Decisions at YoIto PorIey
Embassy OfficioIs Soy Roosevelt Plans
To Visit France and England in Spring
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
PARIS. Feb. 21.-United States
Ambassador Jefferson Caffery
prepared today to confer with
Gen. Charles de Gaulle. who re-
fused to meet with President
Roosevelt, on the decisions made
by the Big Three in the Crimea
The American Embassy deplored
as unfortunate" the wording of a
White House statement summarize
ing Mr.. Roosevelts activities after
leaving Yalta which said the Presi-
dent invited Gen. de Gaulle to meet
him in Algiers, French Morocco.
Mr.. Roosevelt had planned to hold
a quick business session" with Gen.
de Gaulle to inform France of the
details of the Crimean conference
and to obviate lengthy diplomatic
correspondence, an embassy official
said.
Evening star., 1945-02-21
By the Associated Press.


ROME, Feb. 21.-American troops
striking over Italian mountain ter
rain so forbidding that at times
they used ropes to scramble up the
steep slopes, have captured Monte
Belvedere and several villages on
the peaks west of the Pistoia- -Bo-
logna highway.
The Germans fought back vicious
". but all counterattacks were re-
pulsed and the fighting for the
dominant heights continues, an Al
lied communicate said today.
Once before Allied troops had
held the commanding $500 foot
peak of Monte Belvedere, but the
Nazis recaptured it last November
20 and had held it since.
Patrols continued to be very ac-
tive on the rest of the italian front,
with no changes. of positions re-
ported. The Germans still were pep
pering Allied positions with propa-
ganda leaflets.
Evening star., 1945-02-21
Bag Of Is Jap Ships
Includes ; Warships

The American submarine CAM
paign against Japanese war and
merchant vessels has cost the
enemy rs more ships, including a
cruiser, an escort aircraft carrier
and destroyer, the Navy Depart
ment announced today.
The cruiser was believed to be one
|of the enemy's prewar 18,000-ton
luxury merchant vessels.
The % noncombatant vessels
bagged included medium trans
port, IA medium cargo vessels, 8
small cargo vessels. a large cargo
transport, medium cargo trans
ports and small transport.
The sinkings, it was understood
all occurred in waters near the
Japanese or Chinese coasts and
mark further weakening of the
enemy's lifeline to the oil and
tin resources of the Dutch East
Indies.
japanese ships sunk, probably
sunk or damaged by American SUBJ
marines now total 1,201 and include
1877 warships and 1864 noncombat-
ant types. OF the total, ITO COM
batant and 935 noncombatant yes
sels definitely have been sunk.
Evening star., 1945-02-21
Casualties on Two
Heavier Than Those
Suffered on Torowo
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Marine casualties in the first
48 hours of the Two Jima
assault were heavier than those
on Tarawa in the 76 hours re-
quired to take that Pacific
bastion.
A Pacific Fleet headquarters
communique today placed the
first Two losses at $3.50 men and
officers, although of that num-
ber 1903 were wounded and
evacuated.
In November, 1943, on Tarawa
988 men were killed and 2,163
wounded.
Two marine divisions made
the Two attack, against one di-
vision at Tarawa-about one
fourth the size of Two.
The rate of losses in neither
action, however, approached
that of the marines bloodiest
engagement - at Sois o n S.,
France, in the World War.
Fourteen hundred leathernecks
fell in a single hour there.
Evening star., 1945-02-21
(See WAGES, Page A-40
By the Associated Press.

PARIS, Feb. 2l.-Col. E. H. Qualls
Of Nashville, Tenn, testified before
a court martial today that American
railroad companies were partly to
blame for the poor quality of some
United States Army railway oper-
ating battalion officers overseas.
Col. Qualls was a witness at the
trial of Maj. Walter H. Marlin, who
is charged with neglect Of duty In
failure to prevent looting of Army
supply trains
Executive officer of the I'd Mill
.tary Service Command, Col. Qua1ls
testified that Maj. Martins back
ground and experience did not quail
ify him to handle q railway operat-
ing battalion such as the 716th,
which Maj. Marlin formerly COM
n.anded.
Martins background In civil life
was that Of a locomotive engineer
which does not qualify him to COM
mand 800 men," the officer testified
Col. Qualls suggested that the
railways at home could have given
the Army more railroad men with
Evening star., 1945-02-21
Latest Overseas Stor
Ready for Mailing

The latest issue of The Stars
Overseas Edition is ready for
mailing today. Free copies,
with envelopes, are obtainable
at The Stars business counter
and the Victory Bond booth
in Lansburgh's Department
Store.
The Overseas Star may be
sent by ordinary mail for 3
cents, but 1t will be delivered
much more quickly land will
be all the more appreciated
If sent by airmail at IL cents.
Evening star., 1945-02-21
Americans Bomb
Berchtesgoden
For First Time
Railroad Yards Near
HitIer's Mountain
Hideout Attacked
BY the Associated Press,

BY the Associated Press.
ROME. Feb. 21.-Rocket-flrin
Thunderbolts of the United
States 18th Air Force made the
first attack of the war yesterday
on Hitler's private city of Berch-
tesgaden, the mountain hide
out high in the snow-capped
Bavarian Alps, it was announced
today.
The planes, sweeping in from
italian bases, pumped rockets into
railyards at low levels, ripped rail
tracks, cars and locomotives and
smashed at other targets in and
near Berchtesgaden, which may be
the most heavily fortified spot in all
the Reich. They ran into intense
fax and small-arms fire.
While there was no official COM
ment on the attack, it was specu-
(See BERCHETESGAD Pg. AS
Evening star., 1945-02-21

1t was learned that Gen. de Gaulle
either wrote or personally edited the
statement issued by his Office in
which he turned down the invita-
ton. The sentence saying that
Gen. de Gaulle was "happy to learn
that President Roosevelt intended
to visit a French port" was cited as
reflecting the generals bitterness
at being invited" to confer on
French soil.
The American Embassy explained
that the proposal never mentioned
Algiers as such but only a warship
off the North African coast, pre-
sumably near Algiers. Mr.. Caffery
did meet the President off Algiers.
Embassy officials said Mr.. Roose-
welt intended to return to Washing
ton as soon as possible and then
make ceremonious state visit to
France and England in the late
(See FRENCH pace AL
Evening star., 1945-02-21
Ancient Siege Tactics
Used on laps Trapped
In Manila Walled CITY
Cannon Pound Intrumuros
In Effort to Liberute
1000 Civilians
BY the Associated Press.

MANILA. Feb. 21.-Medieval
siege tactics in modern guise
were employed against trapped
Japanese garrisons in Manila s
thick-Walled Intramuros and on
Corregidor today as Gen. Mac
Arthur announced that the last
weeks fighting has cost the Jap
aneSe "a 900 casualties.
Cannon and howitzers pounded
steadily at the 40-foot-t thick outer
wall of the Intramuros to cut an
entranceway for tanks and infantry
seeking to eliminate the cornered
enemy and iberate an estimated
1000 civilians.
The Yanks could pulverize the
Intramuros and everybody inside
with air power, but they are trying
to save the civilians. Arthur Field
man of the Blue Network termed
this possibly futile gesture. He
was of the opinion the japanese
already have killed most of the
civilians.
Macarthur Charges Savagery.
Gen. Douglas Macarthur said in
his communique today that the
enemy garrison in South Manila,
now compressed into an area only
/ 200 yards by 800, ''is acting with
the greatest savagery in his treat
ment of -combatants and pri-
vate property"
On Corregidor, both entrances of
the main tunnel were blocked by
explosives and Yanks swarming
over the top side poked through
rubble in search of the ventilation
vent. When they find it the Japa-
nese will be completely sealed off,
their doom certain.
Liquid fire and explosives were
killing the few Japanese who man.
aged to dash from the few remain
ling crevices in banzai charges.
Gen. Macarthur, describing the
fighting in Manila as still bitter
underscored its severity by an
nouncing enemy casualties of $4,000
for the six weeks of the Luzon cam
paign as against American casual
ties of 12,929-2,676 killed, 245
missing and 10,008 wounded.
This showed $4,000 Japanese and
3,246 American casualties in the last
week alone.
Manila Widely Looted.
Gen. Macarthur said survey of
Manila disclosed that the Japanese
occupation army thoroughly looted
all private possessions of value and
apparently shipped the stolen goods
to Tokyo.
Fighting in downtown Manila was
particularly severe in the vicinity of
the central police station In mop
ping up around the Manila Hotel,
Americans drew 20-mm. fire from
hotel windows.
To the south, 1st Cavalry and 11th
Air-borne troops encountered a
strong enemy force around the Pasig
Maternity Hospital and Pasig
College.
Four hundred Japanese, trapped
by 18th AH-borne paratroopers on
(See PHILIPPINES, Page A-2.)
Evening star., 1945-02-21

tacks, broadcast by the Tokyo
radio in japanese, said the "en-
envy was forced to withdraw for
the moment, and is presently re-
organizing his strength about sew
eral hundred meters away from
our positions"
(Another version in English
transmitted by the Domei News
Agency, said "the enemy ad-
vanced to point 200 to 300 yards
from the japanese main posi-
tions, but under furious japanese
fire the enemy suffered telling
blow, which has caused him to
lose the initiative, and the battle
situation has come to a stale
mate"
Can earlier broadcast by the
news agency said marines were
landing continuously on the
island, but claimed "the enemy is
suffering heavy casualties" and
that more than 100 tanks were
disabled)
30 Hours Ahead of Schedule.
The marine drive stemmed fror
Motoyama Airfield No. /, the island
prized bomber field which was cap
tured at noon yesterday 30 hour
ahead of schedule.
About TOO yards separate thes
two fields, the only completed al
strips on the island, 750 miles soutl
of Tokyo.
Other marines crawled 100 painfu
yards up the slopes of Suribach
Volcano, fortress mountain on tn
southern tip of the island fror
which Japanese guns dominat
every inch of the dismal ground tn
Yanks control.
Vicious Japanese defenders at
tempted one small tank supporte
night time counterattack and almos
constant inf1ltration, both co-ordi
mated with mortar, rocket and artil
lery barrages.
All attempts were broken up b
the marines, with the aid of illum
mating flares fired throughout tn
night by the American invasio
feet lying offshore. The flares ex
posed virtually every Japanese at
tempt at nighttime maneuvers.
Naval guns, masses of marin
Evening star., 1945-02-21
Three Circus Official!
Gef Prison Terms as
Aftermath Of Fire
Hartford Tragedy Also
Brings $4,000 Fine
For Ringing Bros.
By the Associated Press.

HARTFORD, Conn, Feb. 21.-
Supreme Court Judge William j.
Shea today imposed prison SEN
tences ranging from one to seven
years on three officials of the
Ringing Brothers and Barnum
g. Bailey Circus and sentenced
three other circus men to Jail, all
for involuntary manslaughter in
connection with the circus fire
here last July which claimed 1853
lives.
The court stayed the execution of
sentence until April for all but
one, to permit the circus to get the
l945 show. started.
Those sentenced were George w,
Smith, 81, general manager, and
Leonard S. Aylesworth, So, chief
tent man, two to seven years in
State prison.
James A. Haley, 46, vice president
and director, one to five years in
State prison.
Edward R. versteeg, A, chief elec-
trician, and William Galley, IS, chief
seatman, one year in the county
Jail. All listed Sarasota, Fla, as
their homes. Galley was taken to
Jail Immediately.
David w. Blanchfield, 81, of Hart
ford, chief truckman, was sentenced
to six months in Jail.
Judge Shea fined the Ringing
Brothers, Barnum g. Bailey Com
bined Shows, Inc, the official name
of the concern, $4,000.
All Plead ''No Contest"
All of the defendants and the
corporation itself had pleaded no
contest to involuntary manslaughter
and before passing sentence Judge
Shea remarked that this was equiv
alent to plea Of guilty"
Earlier in the course of hearing
arguments, Judge Shea had been
told by William E. Hadden, chief
counsel for the circus, that pleas OF
no contest had been agreed to so as
to avoid delay and to benefit the
many civil liability claimants against
Tie CIRCUS.
IF we had gone to trial." he as
serted, 'it would have required eight
weeks to try the issues fully before
q judge and jury. That would mean
that the defendants, all key men in
the circus would be kept from the
show and that would tie it up for
a years
If it ceased to function for a
year it would cease entirely, and
only by continuance as going con-
cern can we hope to pay every cent
of the judgments"
Claims pending against the circus
amount to about So OO0, 600.
Immediately after the sentences
were imposed, Mr.. Hadden, having
asked and obtained permission to
confer with his clients, withdrew
with them to jury room.
Lawyer, Judge Confer.
Subsequently he and State At
torney Hugh M. Alcorn, jr., the
prosecutor. went into Judge Shea's
chambers and there was immediate
speculation that Mr.. Hadden might
(See CIRCUS FIRE Pare A-1l
Evening star., 1945-02-21
Tydings Amendmen
On Farm Workers
Added 10 Job Bill
Senote Committee
May Complete Work
On Measure Today
BULLETIN.

A new Tydings amendment,
designed to halt induction of
essential farm workers into
the Army. was added to the
substitute job control bill to-
day by the Senate Military
Affairs Com mittee. The
amendment would prevent
draft boards from comparing
workers value on the farm
with usefulness in the armed
forces. Drafting of the bill is
expected to be completed this
afternoon.