davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-03

IO-C THt DETROIT TIMES
y" - Avg. l94s
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-07-27

should take big part in the current drive for a
Full Employment bill in the United States-a bill
which will have the federal government jobs
for all who wish, and willing, to work.
WHEN there are 100000 unemployed, 100000
" unemployed or 100000 unemployed, farmers
markets reduced proportionately
Studies conducted by the Bureau of Agricultural
Economics show that if America can achieve full
employment, we will need a great deal food
stuffs than produced average in 1859
and more even than have been producing during
the present war period.
They find that will need $50 pork than
in the 1859 period. We will need $500 more
fruit, 2496 more corn, 1870 Mutton, 241s96
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-07-27
(Continued from Page one)

tive which returns to its patron mem
bers over-payment of capital after civ
ing them goods or services. This un
disputed doctrine is familiar one in
the common law of principal and
agent.
Another example Isl Jones is going
to market to sell hogs. Brown asks
him if he will also market his hogs.
Jones sells Browns hogs and turns
over to Brown $500, being the pro-
ceeds from the hogs less Browns
share of the expenses of his trip.
Here, as in the other case, Jones
merely acts as an agent for the han
ding of Browns business and returns
his capital less expenses. Jones again
is analogous to a cooperative market
ing for farmer patrons. He made no
profit.
+ The farmer co-operatives, some pur-
chasing, and some marketing, and
some of which combine the functions
Of both, do the same thing, only they
settle their accounts with their pa
irons at a later date. The co-opera-
tives rebate the excess which they
have collected after expenses. 1t
seems almost impossible that anyone
would confuse this use or call this
sort of transaction profit. 1t is true
in both of the examples cited that the
farmers earnings are increased (a)
through cooperative buying, and OBJ
through cooperative selling, but just
like any other individual, the farmer
pays income tax on his earnings,
which include these savings.
l might add too that farmer coop
erative managers receive only modest
salaries; very low, if judged by bust
ness practice. l personally know a
number of managers who could re-
ceiye far greater amounts in industry |
or business. They, as well as other
coop employees, of course, pay individ- |
ual income taxes on their earnings.
Mutual Companies Do the Same
Any corporation that choose to can |
do business on the same basis by re-
funding profits to patrons In certain
respects, the large mutual life, fire
and casualty assurances companies,
savings banks, and many other bust
nesses operate under the same prin-
ciple. Also some of the investment |
trust companies have tax exemptions.
When the farmer with old tools and
depleted manpower is meeting his
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-07-27
Problem Of
Continued from Page one)

report to congress, that "an adequate
our No. l legislative requirement fol-
reconversion." Wilson's plea was ex
pected to fall on deaf ears as the
house prepared for a two-months sum.
mer recess.
Vinson warned that 100000 war
workers had been laid off during the
quarter ending May 81, that the rate
of layoffs is accelerating, and that
unemployment compensation claims
were mounting. To further stress the
urgency of reconversion action, Vim
son reminded the nation Of the prob
lens it faces on VI day when war
production will be instantly curt
tailed.
Wilson's fear over insufficient COM
pensation payments was verified in a
survey by the CLIO News which re-
vealed that in "a states maximum
benefits were only s18 weekly or less.
In some states the minimum fell be-
low $40, and in Alabama it was So.
In 16 states the duration of the pay
ments ran from one to seven weeks.
Other inequalities were noted.
Aside from layoffs, the reconversion
situation is made worse by the reduc-
ton in overtime work, which has cut
deeply into workers paychecks, and
the refusal to revise the Little Steel
formula upward. With basic wage
rates still low, the high cost of living
has hit the workers pocketbook and
placed thousands Of them in debt.
Confronted with these truths, the
promise of ]. A. Krug, chairman of
the War Production Board, to relin-
quish all controls over business as
soon as feasible has only heightened
labor's fears of a sudden inflationary
boom. With no check on production !
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-07-27
Facts Do Not Support NTEA Charges

war production goals on the food ant
fibre front, it becomes a poor time tt
attack his method of doing business
Especially when this method of do
ing business has gone back many
many years. 1t would be the same
thing if the farmers and great farm
organizations generally were attack
ing today industry's method of doing
business and narrowing industry in
the midst of its greatest endeavor for
the national good. On the contrary,
farm organizations have each year
devoted goodly parts Of their state
and national meetings to understand
ing business and industrys problems.
The farmer has not only produced
his crops but has provided added mil
lions Of men and women who have
helped make it possible for business,
labor and management to do their
part in war production. According to
DR.. e. o. Baker of the University of
Maryland not one city of 100000 or
over in the nation is reproducing it.
self The requirements come from
the farms and agricultural communi-
ties, which again emphasizes the i'm
portance of the residents of the farms
and agricultural communities having
a good feeling towards the urban pop
.ulation as these people will carry
their early impressions into the cities.
co-ops Are Not Radical
Unjust statements are made about
farm co-operatives being socialistic or
communistic AS Professor l. w.
Arthur of Iowa State College points
out, socialistic programs would elm
mate private ownership of land and
capital used in production and repudi-
ate competitive control of industry
operating for the purpose of profit,
and he states that while many Iowa
farmers belong to and vigorously sup
port truly cooperative organizations,
it is inconceivable that they would
support program in which farm,
land, and equipment or industry would
be owned by the state.
The farm folk ring true. They are
real people" and of the character |
which built this country originally, |
and when some business leaders en-
courage a tax upon rural organiza-
tions, resentment grows mong
these people against all business. That |
is why / urge an understanding of |
agricultural problems on the part of
city folk.
The attack of the NTEA centers on
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-07-27

or ALLEGATION of materials, business
could concentrate on production of
luxury items and leave much-needed,
low-priced consumer goods for last.
The answers to these problems can
be wrapped up into one package
political action. That was the key
note of appeals issued by CLIO Polit-
ical Action Committee officials to
field groups, urging that immediate
attention be focused on the reconver-
sion situation. Only through con-
certed, united action in informing con-
gress of the peoples demands for or
Derby adequate reconversion can the
present crisis be broken.
Only If action is taken directly by
those who are directly concerned with
reconversion will the battle be won.
The regular political action tech
niques, rallies, delegations to Wash
ington and personal visits to congress-
men, letter writing to senators and
representatives, are necessary, nowl
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-07-27

Murray Wagner O'Mahoney-
Thomas Bill Is a Needed Step

through Compensatory spending" policy We know
that the total national income is always approximate
ly five times the amount of money which private
industry and capital and governmental agencies in
vest in new production facilities and public works
buildings, roads, etc Full employment, which means
providing jobs for approximately 60000000 will re-
quire total national income of approximately $780,
OO0,OO00O0. Thus, must have a $4,000 900 900
capital investment annually
The Murray WagnerThomas o Mahoney bill which
is being studied this summer by senate commit
tee, proposes to establish machinery which will warn
congress when private investment is getting danger
ously low and more jobs needed.
1t requires the President to gather together data
on all contemplated private, city, county and state
investments and forecast the number of jobs which
will be available.
If it proves too low, the President would also
recommend to Congress means of speeding up pri-
vate investment-low interest loans ETC. Should
this fail to produce enough jobs then the President
would recommend useful public works At that
point, Congress would consider appropriations The
basic law, now before Congress, does NOT make
any appropriations.
Unless America wants to frt with another de-
preston, enactment of the Full Employment bill
is first, minimum step toward avoiding 1t.
1t will be tremendous tragedy If farm people,
because of imagined bitterness toward labor con-
tinuously drummed up by employer groups who
want unemployment to force the wages land the
amount of food they can eat of workers down
permit themselves to view the Full Employment bill
Tabor" measure
1t is just much agricultural measure or
an industrial measure 1t is labor measure.
1t is MUST for American prosperity in the
postwar period.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-07-27

+ When | recently paid for my fire
insurance policy | received very
valuable little booklet on fire hazards
and statistical information what prac
tees and conditions cause the larger
percentage of fires.
The wide circulation of this booklet
will no doubt materially reduce the
number of losses by fires For it calls
of the property insured that are often
Overlooked as dangerous.
| met a school friend of mine In
Olympia. When | asked him what his
job was. he replied that he classified
accidents on the highways and, as
understood it, compiled statistics on
driving practices and road conditions
which caused the accidents. Probably
that is where they got that well-known
road sign "There is now hardly man
alive who passes on hill at 75."
We have then information on fire
hazards and road hazards. We also
have volumes on hazards to our
health. Why doesn't somebody write
a book on Hazards on the Road to
Peace?"
Such an undertaking as writing a
set of health rules for peace might
be the cooperative undertaking of
hundreds of our youth. 1t should be
cooperative undertaking. Youth
should gather at their locals and with
the use of the forum, discussion and
study should collectively formulate
their Rules for the Health of Peace"
Please note that press the idea that
this should be collective effort and
the data. has been gathered, the Farm
ers Union and/or labor unions might
publish
HEALTH RULES FOR PEACE
What Farm Youth and Labor Youth
Think Is Essential to Lasting
Peace
To start this out and for the consid- |
GRAFTON of interested youth groups and
their leaders, I'd like to suggest some |
practices and conditions think might |
be included in such a list:
Preliminary Considerations
The vast majority of our people no
doubt sincerely desire peace Most
of them would sacrifice the artificial
profits now enjoyed in return for the
safety of their loved ones. Only a
very small group consciously and ma
liciously promotes war
But praying, proclaiming, and wish
ing for peace is not enough Neither
peace nor war come as good and bad
weather over which we have as yet
no control Peace and war come as
a result of the way people live, the
way they think, and as a result of
their attitudes towards their fellow
men.
To have these much cherished
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-07-27

certain statutory exemptions from tax
and antitrust legislation that the CO.
operatives enjoy by reason of federal
statutes. If some of those attacking
the co-operatives were themselves ac-
quainted with congress, they would
better understand why these exemp-
tions were effective. Feeling that
business generally should not join
with the NTEA without knowing all
the facts, have personally made an
extensive study of this subject and
my firm opinion is that the charges
are not consistent with the facts.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-07-27
HAZARDS ON ROAD TO PEACE

things-democracy, peace, abundance
. lit is necessary that we do some
thing about it, consciously work for
them, defend them and promote them.
There is a principle in law that
says in effect that person is respon-
sible for the things that naturally
result from his acts and omissions.
That is, he is responsible for damages
that result from his wrongful acts
whether he contemplated those re-
suits or not What about applying a
little of that principle of responsible
ity to the problem of war?
At least, in the north, we have the
ballot. While a large segment of the
press depend-must depend for sur.
vival, on subsidies from anti-demo-
cratic and rich as well as powerful
industrialists, and hence not only dis
tort the truth on many matters but
also omit other information, there are
independent newspapers which at
least attempt to give both sides. We
have also some good books and maya
zines that attempt honest appraisals
of the world situation. Then most
people have at least normal intelli-
gence,. can read and can think. AS
for the rest, the others will have to
take them by the hand and lead them,
guide them and be their keepers
So we must assume responsibility
for war. Like raising a crop, it is
not sufficient to just wish for one,
preach good crops, or even pray for
good crops. We must get out to Guilt
vate, watch nature and act according
ly, and attempt to make nature work
for us instead of against us.
Well then, suppose we proceed with
some suggestions of what some of the
Health Rules for Peace should con-
tain.
From what has already been said
about education, the ballot, and intel
ligence, one of the first rules must be
that of:
Keeping informed on what Is going
on in this country and in the world
We must know the kind of world in
which we live; the forces that are con-
tending for power, and whittier each
would take us.
tant rule:
We must not only vote, but act
with others in getting hon
est, intelligent men and women to
run for office. And we must act to
get others to vote and study. There
must be political action.
There must be active participation
In the communities by all the peo-
pie in the discussion of current prob
lens, legislative proposals, policies,
and practices
What about the problem of peace
time conscription?
Would that help the United Ma
lions?
What about full employment, inter-
national trade agreements and tar
ifs, as they might effect peace?
What about cartels, a radio monopo-
y, an international labor organiza-
ion, and more general exchange Of
tudents at universities?
Possibly this is sufficient to show
he richness of the field for expIora-
ION.
Now what do you think of the pos
Utilities of such an undertaking?
Wouldn't it provide an incentive for
citing together and working out
to the credit of your local
abor or farm union?
If the project should receive sp-
'roval, no doubt many would be will
ng to help with suggestions for a
on how to write up the
indings.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-07-27

"If there is any one thing we are
agreed upon, it is that In the coming
peacetime years, we in this country
must have jobs and opportunity for all.
That is everybody's business. There
fore 1t is government business"
MORE than a year ago, the National
Farmers Union proposed that the
government underwrite full employment
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-07-27

Home owners need no longer apply
to the Federal Housing Administra-
ton of the National Housing Agency
for authorization to purchase lumber
needed for emergency repair, WPB
and MIA announced.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-07-27


There is no real economist
in the nation who denies that
prosperity is directly linked
to the income of working peo-
Pile in the cities. The number
of them who have a good in
come, determines how much
will be spent for the foods and
fibers which the farmers of
the nation produce.
The best formula for farm
prosperity-the basic thing nee
essary-is for all Americans to
have three square meals a day
and adequate clothing.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-07-27

more dairy products and beef and veal,
$3.50 more poultry, 5000 more eggs, 26
million additional bushels of wheat
and even more cotton (351,o00 bales
more).
Attainment of full employment is a
non-partisan issue. Both candidates in
the last presidential election declared
themselves determined to achieve it, and
Gov. Thomas E. Dewey said:
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-07-27

NV IT'S NV N<s <xsS Sf9S ~
always existed and agrammed here between the
1910 and 194O explains why National Farmers Union made
Full Employment No. objective for the Postwar period
During totally almost
and down with city income In the World War
periods total farm income has increased rapidly than city
income but hod your hats also drops back down
precpitousy when the boom bubble bursts tremendous
drop agricultural income only be avoided in the years
ahead the nation has expanding economy and
has three square meals day supplied by farmers.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-07-27
City Income Determines Farm
Income, James G. Patton Saws
BY JAMES G. PATTON
President, National Farmers Union

If agriculture is to be prosperous in the postwar
years, it is time that farmers learn that many
of interests parallel the interests of the work
ing and women-white collar, professional and
Washington Journal., 1945-01-12

Sine a~mcrifaniIde SnDaiiUnsar-
mec, 100000 Mann itarf, riiftc
100 Meilen uDn ManilG entfernt
anf Idauadrn &iSeritanS Der Saba
ner ituRenO, gegcn OasIclbc DOr.
9ic &erIuItc n%nierer StreitfrGftc iuG-
rem gering.
Washington Journal., 1945-01-12

meltt beim Morgengrauen oedte DIE
Qinqapen 2%unoltngen. Ser rieiige
@eleit5tg - 8ofio ipridt felt 6agen
Don $50 Srotsportern uno 70
ariegsiAiTfen pIr0e uon iapani
iten 6lltg5eAlgen ltro 8iiitenbotterien
idnper on9egriffen. ginige 8erllllta
mltr0en ooDongetraseh, ODER Die 2atl-
olu1g ielbit fonnte nift oerbinoert
mer0ett.
8or ser 2onoung otii 2lt5on batten
6ereitS 1920 Bomber Tofio iel6it uno
oo8 norolid geleoene 5ormoio onge-
9riffeh mG9reno Rrieg@ihiffe in oen
leBten 5ogen mebrfah Die 8ltlfnns
uno 8onin Sirieln beidoIieu batten.
Ole Sapaler oerloren bel ibrer Ib-
qpebr 70 6lirg8eltge, 5Dei 3eritorer,
Elm 3lperg lln~terieaboot uiuo einen
6rafter.
u@elterol Moc2lrtbur bat oos per
ioitlihe &ommatt0o an Ser 6ront
ur0 lit mtt BEN 8ngrifistruppen ee-
lolr0et, " 10 erfldrte 0as 6ouptqlur-
tier. ons gleif5eitig 0aralt erinnerte,
6oB er ol,f) bei Der Nlpaiion Qeptes
uno porber ouf Den 40aniralit1tS Sn-
ieIn an ser Spise iainer Gratppen an
2ono gi1ug.
Gie TeitOfiGen 9ltftaltBriffe an
ole iidl ndber1t0an &eleit5iige erfolg
ten an g.. 6. iuto Z. Sapuare aber Die
3n9I ser 0nran t~etlnebmlert0en iapa
niiden 9lltg5eltge ipar nidt groB.
3ie SnbaiionsfIotten 3o9en lpeiter
ibrefn 3iel entgegen. @abreno 0ie
Ter angriffe dpltroen Sic 10 iaponi
idel 6llt@eltge aeuitort.
Mon meiB, 0oB ole Sopaner cine
aroBe @orntIon alti 2u3on boben.
@erm Die iapaniihe Strotegie onrir
beitebt, no6 Ser RonioIioiernng ser
8ritdeilfopfe ihanere @egenongriffe
nitf Die 4merifaner SIT rtf)ten, iuer
0en oieie I'M 8orteiI iein, apie Ger Sc
mdbrslnafn oes 6mlbtql1ortiers aus
fiibrte. Sn ieoer go3ifif. Snbalion
Iino Die ooritoBeuoen Sapaner atieoer-
qemeBelt moroe1l. gr betonte, 0aB
Die Sapa1per berobiaumten, sic apirf-
lid geidbrIiden SdId9e an Ser aiiite
lel6it ous5uteifen. 2ingapen lit 6o8
notiirlide nilitdriide GinfnIIstor Der
Gbilippinen. Die ompMbiihe 9pe
ration mar nielleiht 0ie fiibnIte uno
risfanteIte Der 9eianten Rotnpngre
i'm Siibmeitpo3tfif. @roBe arafte
muBten inter fort9eietter fein6liher
gec6odltlnag uno 6ober lnter Der Sc,
fabr BON 9ltftangriffen bef0roert mer-
An,i
Washington Journal., 1945-01-12
BON $S3
WtilliarOeu

gSoIbington 3aitetlo in 0us
9unfel zines 8i5faliubrs einOria-
geuo, Oas crit in ie68 Monoten be-
ginnt, Legte 8rGltoent &ooienelt Dem
aongreB Elm uoorlaltfiges@ 8uoget
bon SO Miaioroen Dollar pnr. Seine
@ugaabenredni1ng beoelttet einen
&iidoanq bon IL Meillaroen I'M Ser
gleidp gum laufenoen Gtot, ober cine
Steiaerung Ser OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
gen fiir Ben &rieg Coon 194t bis
1946) ouf sic r~tlgebeure Summe
BON 450 MillarOen.
augenldeinlih itiibt iid) Ser Gor-
aniblog Der MISREPRESENTATION
i'm folrulelloen 5isfaliabr %offenbor
ouf sic Soffnltlg, oaB 9eutidlano
innerbalb Ser ndditen Is 0fpnate
fupitulierer miro.
Sic &riegsauf penoungen 1lrt0
ouf 20 Milaroert Collar Deran-
Idlogt, lngefabr b~otbrpeg8 3piiden
benz 8elten urro Dem SdlimmI item
oos poilieren fann.
Ser Bralioent erfldrte Dem &one
greB, oaB Die a~riegsfolten fpeniger
ais so 01iaioroen ooer mebr alS
so Miaioroelt b~etragen fonnten, lie
nofoenb fpelder 3eitpllnft man fiirs
GripnSpt10ennnimn1t
MlltmoBlid .miiroen lie ad5ig
Wfiaioroen erreiden1 falls mir bis
@noe 0eS 6isfaliabres 1916 an aaen
5rorten 8u fampten bitten. gl6er
Der @rdiioelt ipdhlte 20 WtilliorOen
ais porl0lfige Sdabung, uno leine
gon5e alisgabenrednung lit oarauf
altsgeridtet.
N1it Riidiidt alii Die llngelpiB-
belt 0ariiber uerid)ob @err Hooleuelt
bic 8orlagc ieiner ein5elnen gm-
pfeblungen fir arie8saltsgaben-8e=
miaigullgen bis 4nfang 6riibiabr.
gr gob Dem aongreB ~porldufig du
lpiiletL 6aB leiaer Meeinltlg naf 70
Miaiaroen &rieJs 9ewiaigltngen
n0tig leiIl miiroen. Gabei lit 81 per-
ulerfel Sab ariegsbefpilligungen
fir eiuelt beitimmten 3eitralrm NIT
inter gcringer iilpo ais Die tatlddli-
ben ariegsausgaben im lelben 3eii-
rallnl. gin @rltno 0afiir lit Der, ouB
.groBe Observation-Disclosures in
einem SSSabr eingegan8en tno crit I'M
nddliten allsge3o9lt meroen.
Gie niht Dem &rieg 0ienenoen
Nusgaben uefaniflagte Der Btuil-
oent i'll leiner Gednung iilrS font
mclloe 8isfaliabr uuf 13.f03,00G,=
600 Collar.
Washington Journal., 1945-01-12
.@alb SnOopeit
in rnl1. 6anOen

2on0on 6nIt ole 9dlfte Don
8ltoopeit lit nltnmebr IN Den @dn0en
Scr &oten 4rllee, naboem Die <IIen
in heiBen &fitnpien meiteee $50 8lofs
erobert boben, iln0 Ill Ser 6lonfen6e=
aueglttg I'M gtor0lpeiten Der u19ari-
id)en @altptitaot limo ole Sopiets bis
allf pier W1eilen an Die itrutegii6 ge.
legene ilotpafiibe G~erfebrSitaot SEQ
marom berangefommen, mie oas rnl
iildbe 9orul1onoo mitteilte.
Die oeutide @egenoffeniipe 5ltr
'Gntlebltng Ser eingeihloiienen Na5i-
9arniion IN 8ltoopeit if)ien ~uufgebol-
len. Ger ruiiiide 9lbano6eridt mel
0ete sic 3uriididlagung BON Na5i-
9tngriffen uno 0ie 9eltIden modten
feline @epiimie IN &idltling alf Oie
&ultptlto0t befannt.
Die &uiien Inqeh 0oB tie iebt 2300
8lods Don Sen $500 @Gltierblods BON
8lroapeit ero6ert 6a6en, un0 0aB IN
Dem men geuonnenen @ebtet cine
Selrafiinerie, cine Mai6inenfobrif
pro 8lltgplab lei.
3e1tide aornmentotoren iprahen
pom meiteren @erit1rfun9en ser oelt.
iden uno Der rltiiiiden Srllppen in
Der t6ouptIto0t un0 iogten borans,
Dob innerboIb Ser tlafiten "a Stun
Sen cine @ntI6eioung fallen weroe.
Naf Sen lebten gerihten maren
oie Geutiden ieood nod Is Meilen
bon Ser Sauptitaot, uno es liegen
feline 9tnbaltspunfte fir oie M%nnnbn1e
Dor, Dab es ibnen in8miid)en geliingen
iei n1ber git fomfnen.