davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-08-31
BY MALCOLM LAMBORNE, Jr

The first report on the Nations
reconversion program which was
launched on a full-Scale basis
just II days ago gave assurances
today to consumers that peace
time goods are on their way.
WPB Chairman j. A. Krug, max
ing public a survey of AZ ma jor
industries, estimates the production
rate of manufacturing industries
will be II per cent higher in dol
lar volume by the end of this year
than IN the normal prewar years of
l939-l94l.
Employment by December will be
94 per cent Of peacetime normal, he
told press conference yesterday
Mr.. Krug believes that by next
June the production rate will be 1877
per cent of normal and employment
1873 per cent.
Reports from the automobile in
dustry, for example, show expecta
tions of turning out 223,656 cars a
month by December, as compared
with prewar normal rate of 3l3,-
678. BY next June, the industry
hopes to be building at the rate OF
504 ,452 cars a month, he said.
"Reconversion is going along bet
ter than we had expected" Mr.
Krug declared. Il have consider
able confidence that these figures
are accurate forecasts. These in.
dustries we have surveyed do not
stick their necks out by making
overoptimistic predictions.
Yesterdays report represented
samplings of opinion from 3.75t
manufacturers, and was the first
in monthly series on reconversior
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Prosecution Moves
To Merge Vagrancy
Trials Of ; Women

Assistant Corporation Counse
Henry E. Wixon today filed a motor
in Municipal Court for consolidation
OF the vagrancy trials of Carmen
Beach, %, and two other women
arrested July 13 in a raid on a
massage parlor" in the 100 block
of Pennsylvania avenue NV, which
police allege was a house of prosti
tuition. The trials are scheduled
for September 13.
The motion did not include Mrs
Margaret Locke, ST, alleged pro-
prletor, whose case also has been
continued to September 13, but who
was given the right to file appro-
pirate motions prior to that date.
The two others scheduled for
trial September 13 are Judy Hunt,
"a, and Mary Karika, 27.
A fifth woman, Deloris Nieto. 25,
was acquitted on two counts OF
vagrancy this week when Municipal
Court Judge Thomas D. Quinn dis
missed the charges, explaining he
was not satisfied the Government
had established its case beyond a
reasonable doubt.
In the motion. which also was
signed by Assistant Corporation
Counsel Robert D. Wise, Mr.. Wixon
pointed out the three defendants
were arrested at approximately the
same time, that the allegations
against them were nearly identical
and that the Governments evidence
is substantially the same in each
case.
Consolidation of the cases would
result in considerable saving OF
time and expense" he added.
Evening star., 1945-08-31
10000 in Michigan
Idle as Unions Plan
For More Strike Vote!
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
DETROIT, Aug. 3l.-Labor dis.
putes kept more than l0.5O0 workers
idle throughout Michigan today
while unions representing severa
thousand more announced their in.
tentions to conduct strike votes.
Production of new cars at the
Ford Rouge plant and tractors a,
the company's Highland Park plant
were tied up for the fourth day be-
cause of a continuing strike at Kel-
sey-Hayes Wheel Co.
The 4,500 Kelsey Hayes employees
who supply Ford with wheels and
brake drums. are protesting dis
charge Of three officials of CIO Lo-
cal l74, United Automobile Workers
Approximately 1900 Ford workers
have been laid off since the walkout
began.
At Jackson, 1900 CIo GOODYEAR
Tire and Rubber Co. workers. mem.
bers Of the United Rubber Workers
left their jobs yesterday following
the discharge of seven employees
The seven were accused OF causing q
five-hour stoppage to attend a unior
meeting.
Other disputes involved 1000 AFT
pattern makers throughout the
State; 900 at Bundy Tubing Co. anc
500 at Continental Motors Corn.
both in Detroit.
Two UAW-CIO locals disclosed
plans to conduct strike votes in thu
next week.
Chevrolet Local $50 at Flint plan.
ned to start balloting today, accord.
Ing to Local President w. H. Owens
to force action on IS demands tn,
union has made on the COMPANY
Local 212, representing nearl,
1000 employees in eight plants of tn,
Briggs Manufacturing Co.. is sched
uled to conduct a strike vote mex
tuesday. John J. Murphy. loca
president. said demands inch,d,
wage increases and settlement O
seniority grievances.
Evening star., 1945-08-31
.Cease-Fire Orders
Charged 10 Quis|inq
Ey the Associated Press.

Ey the Associated Press.
OSLO, Norway, Aug. 31.-Vidkur
Quisling, on trial for his life, wa.
accused today of taking Germans tc
the Defense Ministry on the day the
Nazis invaded Norway and telephon.
ing several military commanders
telling them to cease fire.
The accusation was hurled al
Quisling by Prosecutor Annaeus
Schjoedt, summing up for the crown
in the treason trial.
only by riding in on the Nazi
wave could the accused gain power, ,
Schjoedt declared
He said the former puppet premier
persuaded the Germans to send their
army and navy into Norway and
thus "Quisling was responsible for
the invasion"
Treason always is hard to prove
but VIC have German documents, we
even have letters written by Quis-
ling himself that will serve to con-
denim him." the prosecutor said in
calm, measured tones.
Quisling, chin in hand, listened at
first with a half smile on his face.
Schjoedt demanded the most Sc
we're punishment of the law"-death
for Quisling.
The court then adjourned until
September 5,
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Crash Kills Son-in-Law
OF Former Senator Kjno

Aviation Cadet Eugene Connellv
whose wife, Mrs. Eleanor Connellv
is the daughter of former Senator
and Mrs William H. King, 1000
Cathedral avenue NV. was killed
IN plane crash near Tucson. Ariz
last Saturday night, within a few
hours of the time Mrs. Connellv
gave birth to their second daughter
Mr.. King said today.
Cadet Connolly, %, was on a
routine flight and failed to return,
Mr.. King said. A searching partv
found his plane on the side of a
nearby mountain.
Mrs. Connolly is in a hospital in
Salt Lake City, Utah.
Besides his wife and another
daughter, 2, Cadet Connolly is sur
vived by his parents, Mr.. and Mrs
Wilbur Connolly, Atlantic City. N. j.
Funeral services and burial will be
In Atlantic CITY, tomorrow
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Capito|'s War Flag
10 Be Flown in Japan

BY the Associated Press.
ATSUG1 AIRFIELD, Aug. 81
The American flag that few over
the Capitol at Washington on De-
cember 7, l94l, has arrived in Japan
and no doubt soon will wave some
where over this conquered land
probably Tokyo.
Gen. Macarthur staff is known
to have the flag, which as the for
tunes of war shifted was taken tc
Europe and was raised in turn by
the Americans over Rome, Paris
and Berlin
A flag was flying when the first
planes landed here yesterday. II
had teen raised over Atsugi Air
fields control tower by the Amer.
lean technicians who came on two
days ago to get things ready.
The first act of Maj. Gen. Joseph
H. Swing after establishing the
command post for his llth Airborne
Division was to break out another
flag.
This was solemnlv raised over the
south end Of the field. That made
1t official.
Evening star., 1945-08-31
u. S. Had Deadly Gases Ready
To Meet Any Axis CHALLENGE

tanks can contaminate an area SOC
yards long and 300 yards wide" he
said. Coming in at tree-top level
ow-fying planes can spray hun
dreds of men within seconds, before
protective measures can be taken.
"Or, high-flying bombers can re-
lease their burdens of toxic vapor
thousands of feet in the air, with
out the knowledge of the enemy
troops. Minutes later the invisible
and practically odorless cloud OF
chemicals descends upon the troops
as though out of nowhere. produc-
ing casualties before the victims
realize the cause"
Other agents devised to throw
gases were the 42-inch chemical
mortar. which can fire a score of
25-pound shells minute and
ranges up to 2l2 miles; Is and los
nm. howitzers and l5-mm. guns, to
throw gases in the enemy's rear
areas, and aerial bombs from 100
TO 1000 pounds, consisting of thin
walled containers filled with either
blister or choking agents. with a
small explosive charge to burst
them
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Britain Denies PIun
To Alter Exchange Rate
the Associated Press.

Ry the Associated Press.
LONDON, Aug. 31.-Responsible
British financial sources said today
it was unlikely that any alteration
would be made in the dollar-pound
exchange rate, possibility against
which United States Army officials
have cautioned troops in England.
Government officials declined to
comment on the United States
Army advice, announced last night
by the fiscal director. that Ameri-
can military personnel take their
money from British banks by the
end of September to guard against
sustaining losses.
Unofficial reaction in London was
that the Army officials were unduly
alarmed over a British Treasury an
nouncement of last June 30 that
the special wartime guarantee OF
the official exchange rate of $4.025
would end September 30.
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Ey the Associated Press.

ES the Associated Press.
EDGEWOOD ARSENAL, Md, Aug
3l.-The story of terrible gases
prepared for the United States
armed forces to blister, choke and
poison the blood and nerves" of
enemy troops had the Axis initiated
gas warfare has been released by
the Army's Chemical Warfare Serv-
ice.
Brig. Gen. r. L. Avery, Edgewood
Arsenal commanding general, said
in disclosing some of the gas secrets
that the fact that our troops were
so adequately prepared for offensive
and defensive gas warfare. un-
doubtedly deferred the Axis from
challenging us on that score"
He said that chemical warfare
had the men, the weapons and
the gas-filled munitions ready to
turn loose huge clouds of any of a
dozen deadly gasses by mortar and
artillery shells, airplane spray tanks,
bombs. grenades and land mines ~
Planes with large spray tank ca
pacities were ready to spread the
deadly loads
"A single plane fitted with these
Evening star., 1945-08-31
AZ Industries to Hit High Gear
BY December, Krug Reports

progress. Mr.. Krug apparently de-
cided to make public figures ahead
OF schedule in order to reply to
gloomy forecasts from some quar-
ters on the economy during re-
conversion.
Labor Force Swollen.
| Mr.. Krug admitted that the next
three or four months will be a time
of economic concern" as millions
leave war jobs and the armed serv-
ices. Considerable numbers were
unemployed in the prewar years, he
noted, and now the job is to provide
work for greatly enlarged labor
force
Manufacturers, he pointed out,
were meeting no greater difficulties
than were to be expected during the
transition period and they already
are surmounting such difficulties
with typical American ingenuity -
Mr.. Krug gave these production
figures as of July this year, fol-
lowed in each case by estimated
production next June:
bicycles, 45,00O and 272 1000; do.
mestic mechanical refrigerators
none and 474,000; sewing machines
none and $1,000; vacuum cleaners
$4,000 and 272.000; electric fans, 49,.
600 and 1896, 900; watches, 1873, ,00(
and 10000; Photographic equip.
ment dollar volume), s1,O66, 900 anc
$5,833, 900; wood furniture, $4,000
and $4,000; farm machinery, s54,.
$4,000 and S94 4,444,00O.
Mr.. Krug said the AZ industrie.
covered in the report were those
with major reconversion problems
The industries reporting are
going ahead with ambitious produc.
ton and expansion plans" Mr.. Krue
commented
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Bride Of Only Z Days
Hears Dead Husband
WAS Freed in Japan
BY the Associated Press.

Ey the Associated Press.
KANSAS CITY, Aug. 31.-Only IL
days after she had married an uncle
of the husband she thought dead,
pretty, 19-year-old Mrs. Ann Ross
Birdwell Marshall received the news
her soldier husband was alive and
safe-one of the hundreds liberated
in the last few days from Japanese
prison camps.
Sergt Gene D. Birdwell, 81, a
gunner on Liberator, was reported
by the War Department killed in
action over Borneo last October
Twelve days ago his widow married
Jack Marshall, 33, an uncle of the
sergeant.
TT just leaves me numb" Mrs
Birdwell-Marshall said last night at
the home of her parents. It's Won
derful news, but" and the be-
wildered bride made futile gesture
dismiSsing any solution for the pres
ent.
Mr.. Marshall, a garage mechanic
in Wichita. Kans., who has four
SiiiialCil Wy ~ Cfloup lldSC
would make no comment about the
turn of events. He received a medi-
cal discharge from the Navy in May
1914.
Gene had gone with Ann ever
since he was 10 years Old" the SER
geant's mother, Mrs John K. Igo
said. He worshipped the ground
she walked on They were married
two years ago, on August 80, 1943
Mrs. Igo said she had never lost
faith that her son was alive.
News about the welfare of the
sergeant came from the Kansas City
Stars Pacific correspondent, who
reported that Sergt Birdwell was
aboard the evacuation ship Reeves
off Yokohama.
The doctor says I need a few
vitamins, otherwise I'm okay," the
prisoner told the Star correspond
ent. He said that his plane was
shot down in flames over Balikpa
pen, but that he had parachuted
before the plane blew up.
The sergeant has had no chance
to hear of his wife's second mar
| riage.
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Stores Seek Loud Color.
For Returning Veterans
By the Associated Press

By the Associated Press.
PORTLAND, Oreg.-Haberdashers
are struggling desperately here to
dredge up enough loud ties and
snappy shirts for returning service
men.
I'VE are going the limit to give
the boys what they want" said one
store manager, but stocks are SC
tight 1t is a most difficult Job"
That Army chow which sent the
men back Is pounds HEAVIER and
relegated all their suits to little
brother makes the demand even
worse.
What the boys want varies-but
there are fat taboos. Anybody who
shows blue suit to q Navy man
brown to soldier, or a greer
to Marine" said a clerk, 'is not
cut out for the mems clothine
business"
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Erwin Beaten, Robbed
After Leaving Hotel,
Coroner S Jury Told

Detective Sergt. Bernard D. Crooke
of the homicide squad today told
coroner's jury investigating the
death of Herbert w. Erwin. At, that
four hours after being elected from
the Raleigh Hotel bar Monday night
Erwin got into fight with two
men in a diner at Vermont avenue
and l. street NV.
He said witnesses told him the two
men and Erwin went outside the
diner where Erwin. Colesville
Md book salesman. was knocked
down and robbed of his watch and
some money.
Sergt. Cooke said the two men
were Charles w. Warner, 40, of the
800 block of Mount Vernon place
NV, an unemployed bellhop, and
William R. Pratt. 35, bellhop, OF
the 1000 block of Eleventh street
NV. They were arrested last night
Albert Schrier, 80, house detec-
tive at the Raleigh Hotel. was AL
legged by police to have struck
Erwin and elected him from the
hotels cocktail lounge at 10 pm
Monday. Mr.. Schrier was released
on his personal bond after appear
ance yesterday before United States
Commissioner Needham C. Turnage
and was granted continuance un-
til September 10. A charge of mur-
der against him has been reduced tc
manSla,Jp Dpndipp furt her in
vestigation, police said.
After the fight, it was testified
Erwin went to lunchroom or
Twelfth street NV, and from there
to the Burlington Hotel, where he
was arrested. He was put in a Gel
in the second precinct. but it soor
became apparent he was seriously
i'll, police said, and he was trans
ferred to Gallinger. where he died
Evening star., 1945-08-31
2 SibIey Nurses Report
Thefts From Their Rooms

Two Sibley Hospital nurses were
robbed by a colored man last night
in their quarters on the hospital
grounds, police reported today.
The thief stole jewelry valued at
$40 from Margaret Lewis, police re-
ported. Jane Gladding, in another
room, said she awakened to see a
light-skinned colored man crawling
on the floor. and when he saw her.
he fed, police said. She reported
he took $3.50 from her billfold.
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Bridges Denies Pushing
Wife Out Of Window
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
SAN FRANCISCO, Aug 81
Harry Bridges yesterday denied his
wife's divorce trial allegation that
he pushed her out of second-story
window of their home.
To substantiate his denial, letter
appearing in a national magazine
on August %, 1887, was introduced
into the record.
In it, a Miss Vesta Morgan. .
neighbor, wrote she saw Mrs.
Bridges leaning out a kitchen win
dow, hanging out laundry. She
heard a scream and rushed out to
find Mrs. Bridges on the ground.
Mr.. Bridges. with shaving lather
on his face, dashed out to give as
siStance.
Evening star., 1945-08-31
7 Naval Officers Urqe
Continuance Of Draft
To Spur En|istments
Py the Associated Press.

Continuance of selective service
was urged before the House Military
Affairs Committee today by two
Navy officers.
Joining with the Army and Pres
ident Truman as draft advocates,
Capt. H. G. Hopwood, personnel
officer, said:
I'VE must have the draft as an
anchor to the windward"
He said that in its program to
reduce its strength from 3,600,417
now to 100000 within a year, the
Navy requires $1,000 additions
monthly. Volunteers numbered ap-
proximately $4,000 in August, he said.
but would drop If the draft were
abandoned.
Stimulant to Enlistments.
There's no question but that con-
tlnuance of the draft stimulates
enlistments," Capt. Dudley White,
recruiting chief, commented.
| Committee members, meanwhile,
considered asking Mr.. Truman to
address either Congress or the
ANoeAOll w ca hplolll
/. Why he and the Army want the
draft continued.
2. Why discharges from the armed
forces aren't occurring faster.
| Those two questions have members
of Congress in hotter water, they
say, than any issue in months. They
figure if the President will do some
explaining it may take the pressure
of them.
Want Discussion for People.
Several of us on the committee
are considering asking the Presi-
dent to discuss the issue with the
people, - Representative Arends, Re-
publican. of Illinois, told reporter.
I'VE think that if they under
stand the Army must have some
draftees to be sure and have enough
men for occupation duty and for
requirements they won't object so
much to the draft.
Likewise, If they know all the
work and time required to get a
man demobilized, and fully under
stand that the Army is speeding up
discharges, they won't be so inn
patient about that problem.
I'VE can answer our constituents
one by one, but it would be better
if the President did it
Mr.. Truman covered much of this
ground in letter addressed to
Chairmen of the Senate and House
Military Affairs Committees earlier
in the week Mr.. Arends, however.
contended that declaration lacked
the force of personal appearance
by the President before Congress
or radio address from the White
House.
Mr.. Arends, House Republican
whip, said he believes sentiment is
growing within the committee to
continue the draft.
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Reckless Army Flyer
Sentenced to 6 Months
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CHILDRESS, Tex. Aug. Silt.
Russell H. Ford of Bloomfield, N.
j., charged with reckless flying, has
been sentenced by a general court
martial at Childress Army Air Field
to six months confinement and
dishonorable discharge.
1t Ford was charged with bug
zing'' a highway near Roosevelt,
Okla. in private plane and knock
ing the top off an automobile in
which eight persons were riding.
All eight were injured.
At the trial 1t. Ford said he was
searching for place to make an
emergency landing.
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Silverforb Pleads Guilty
In Typewriter Theft

Harry T. Silverfarb, As, who re-
Gently completed a Jail sentence fol-
selling onions at above ceiling
prices. today pleaded guilty in Dis
trict Court before Justice Jennings
Bailey to charge of petit larceny
in connection with the theft of a
typewriter he was said to have
rented.
Silverfarb had been indicted on
charges of grand larceny and lar
ceny after trust in the case, but was
permitted to plead to the lesser
charge Of petit larceny. Justice
Bailey referred the case to the pro.
baton ofacer,
Evening star., 1945-08-31

Iowa, VIII er e Mrs. Florence Pierce.
they served as joint pastors.
Coming to Washington with her
husband in 1901, Mrs. Pierce was
active in the work of the church
and the community. She served
several terms as president of the
All Souls Church Women's Alli-
ance, and was founder and early
president of the Twentieth Century
Club.
She is survived by a daughter,
Mrs. K. Hiding Beij of Washing
ton and two grandchildren, Ensign
Pierce Beij, U. S. N. r.. and Miss
Barbara Beij, a student at the Uni
versity of New Hampshire.
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Park Named for Turkinoton

INDIANAPOLIS, Aug. 81 GA
new Northside city park near the
home Of Booth Harrington was
named yesterday In honor OF the
Hoosier author. The dedication will
be held after Mr.. Harrington returns
to Indianapolis from his summer
honns ct Kennehunkpoft, Ne.
Evening star., 1945-08-31

bdlllUll SII ecu
NV, yesterday
Mrs. P Pierc e
was a native of
Allegan, Mich,
and was gradu-
ated from the
Hillsdale College
In M i c h i 6 a n.
S h e was or
dained to the
Unitarian min
istry with her
husband, short
ly after their
m a rria a g e in
1891. in Decorah.
Evening star., 1945-08-31
,Iojo Reported Living
Quietly in Retirement
In Suburb Of Tokyo
~ the Associated Press,

TOKYO, Aug. 31.-Gen. Hideki
Tojo, Japan's Premier for most
of the war, is living quietly in re-
tirement at his home in Tokyo
suburb, it was learned today.
And. as far as the people of Ja-
pan are concerned I'VE don't care
much for him any more" said Saijo
Hasegawa. chief of the Domei news
agency foreign service.
Some people here think TOTO may
commit hara-kiri. Others think
he won't and Is prepared to accept
full responsibility as war criminal
We do not attribute any respon-
sibility for the defeat to the EN-
peror," Hasegawa said.
The stigma of losing the war
will fall on those men who actually
directed it. The Americans do not
understand that the Emperors word
Is our peoples voice. the 42-year-
old editor explained.
That has saved Japan from In
ternal trouble" he added, and ia
pan is the only country to come
through defeat with no threat of
revolt"
Defeat Accepted.
Thus In the first hours of the oc-
cupatlon it was apparent that the
japanese were accepting the fact
of their defeat and were ready to
place the full blame of the war
which went against them on the
few highly placed military men-to
be tried as war criminals by the
Allied powers. if they do not take
their own lives.
1t was the atomic bombing of
Hiroshima and Nagasaki that broke
Japan's will to resist, Hasegawa be-
leveS.
He put it this way:
We were all prepared to die in
battle but We cannot die fighting
those terrific bombs The atomic
bombs have revolutionized war
Domei's foreign chief said Japa-
nese scientists were fully aware of
the theory of the atomic bomb, but
that the Japanese lacked uranium
and tie industrial power of the
United States to produce such
weapons
He said that Russias entry into
the war was expected by experts. but
came as shocking surprise to most
Of the people, as they had had no
inkling of it.
Exchanged by British.
HasegaWa observed that neither
American nor British newspapers
had speculated about the Russian
entry into the war and asked if
that had been because of censor
ship.
He lived in London for five years
prior to the outbreak of the war.
when he was interned and sent back
to Japan on the first exchange ship
seven months after hostilities
started.
Asked when he first began to
realize the war was turning against
Japan. he said that while the Battle
OF Midway was not victory,
neither was it defeat" But, after
Sa1pan and the subsequent bombing
of Japan proper I'VE felt that we
couldn't take it easy"
He was concerned about the loss
OF Korea and Formosa, which would
reduce the japanese rice crop about
one-flfth. How to feed the nation
is the biggest problem, he said. When
1t was suggested that presumably
rice still could be bought from those
countries, he shrugged and said.
That may depend on the occupa-
ton terms"
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Spoons Become Bracelets

PENN YAM, N. Y. P.-Spoons
were disappearing mysteriously from
local ice cream parlor. Investi-
eating, a clerk discovered that
bobby-sockers were converting them
into bracelets. by simple bend and
twist.