davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-11-15
20 Million Starving in Europe
Look to UNRRA as Only Hope

(The impending congressional
fight oper authorization for
second appropriation of $780,
100000 for the United Nations
relief and rehabilitation dd-
miniStrdtion centers attention
on history's greatest collective
effort to assuage human suffer-
ing. In t1Do articles, OF tOhich
the first tolloius, The Star ,DiH
outline the job facing UNRRA.
in EUROPE
Evening star., 1945-11-15
SAVE
SUGAR
NO SUGAR NEEDED Fol these!
233 i';|i;||| Cookies
Molasses Hermifs

Cream a cup shortening; stir In I
beaten egg and y cup Brsr Rabbit
GREEN LABEL MoIasses. Mix and
sift ~ cups sifted -four. a tsp.
soda, IA tsps. baking powder,
y tsp. cinnamon, y tsp. cloves,
tsp. salt; add to first mixture
alternately with ! cup sour milk
or buttermilk, beating we'll each
time. Stir in y cup chopped
raisins. Drop by rounded tea
spoonfuls on creased baking sheet.
Bake In hot oven (40oo F.) 10 min.
or until done. Makes ; dozen.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-02
Arnold Says Decision of
 I(kes on Indian Claims
 Stops Alaska Development

of Indian reserves within the boun- diaries of National Forests.
 While the areas set aside com prise less than 100000 acres" Arr mold continued, the lands reserved consist of choice tracts and ef- fectively will block any further de- velopment or increase in white population in the west coast of Prince of Wales Island and in the Kuiu Straits area."A
 "The principles laid down in the decision, when extended to the en- tire territory, will result in the reserving of millions of acres of choice timber, mineral and agri- cultural lands, river, valleys, stream beds, waterpower sites and all of the other upland resources essen- tial and necessary to the future development of the territory"
 Arnold said the effect of Ickes decision on the salmon industry it. self cannot be determined until a detailed study of the long ruling can be made
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-02
54,000 Americans Are
 Involved in Great Air
 Raid, Five Jap (eniers

GUAM, Aug. 2.-History's great est air raid by 820 Superforts today cn five Japanese centers required the combined efforts of 54,000 Americans.
 Of these. 5000 were American pi- lots, bombardiers and gunners who were over Japan between midnight and 3 a. m.
 Forty-five thousand ground crew. men labored to get the big ships ready for their mission.
 The Superforts carried 5,330, ,00C gallons of high test aviation gaso- line.
 The combined mileage was 2460,- 900.
 The crewmen used up 126,280 man hours sweating out the long flight over water from the Marianas.
 If all the planes had taken off at the same time from all available airfields in the Marianas-naturally they didn't-it would have required 90 minutes to get the planes in the air at the rate of a plane every seven seconds.
 The planes carried food for 5000 meals. There were 45,0O0 cups oi coffee, 5000 apples and 5000 oranges
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-02

SEATTLE, Aug. 2-W. c. Ar hold, Managing Director of the Alaska Salmon Industry, Inc, de- clared here today that Secretary of the Interior Ickes' recent deci- sion affecting Indian territorial claims in Southeast Alaska was a "left-handed" ruling which will prohibit growth and development in Alaska"
 Arnold said if the Ickes decision is to stand, the government should immediately drop all plans for de- velopment of Alaska
 The Secretary of Interior upheld the Indians claims to 273,000 acres of land in the vicinity of Hyda- burg, Rake and Klawock on Prince of Wales Island He denied them exclusive fishing rights in large water area and land rights in B. 339,OO0 acres.
 Arnold, who received a copy of the voluminous Ickes ruling yester- day, asserted that. "the Secretary has departed from his original pur- pose of conducting an investigation based upon the fisheries regula- tions, and has resorted to an an- cient act of Congress passed in 1884, which he contends authorizes him to reserve land in Alaska for exclusive Indian use.
 This procedure amounts to a left-handed method of creating In- dian reserves in circumvention of the more recent policy laid down by Congress in the Indian Reor- ganization Act. It defies the ex- plicit provisions of the law, which require the consent of the Secre- tary of Agriculture to the creation
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-02
BUDGET BUREAU
 ESTIMATES CUTS
 IN WAR SPENDING

WASHINGTON, Aug. 2.-The bud get Bureau says business profits and incomes of war workers will be re- duced in the new fiscal year by 2O- billion dollar slash in government war spending.
 And if the war were to end before next summer, there would be an even greated cutback in spending, with heavier effects .on economic life 1T Americ@
 Extent of unemployment in such case would be determined by the effectiveness of reconversion plans.
 The forecasts were made in a re- vised budget for the fiscal year 1946, which started month ago.
 On the assumption that the wal will continue through the fiscal year, the Bureau estimated that war spending would amount to $70,- coo 1000, ,00O compared with 90,000,- C0O,000 in the last fiscal year.
 It estimated total Federal spend ing at $85,000, ,000, ,000 compared with $1C0, 1000 ,000 ,000 in fiscal 1945.
 Federal receipts are estimated at only $39,0O0 100000 compared with S46, 500 900 ,000 in fiscal 1945.
 The public debt which was about $259 GOO ,000 900 on July l, is expect ed to rise to s295, 900, ,0OO0OO by next July 1.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-02
PRESIDENT, BRIT. KING
 HAVE TALK
Historic Rendezvous Takes Place on Cruiser at
 Sea Off Plymouth

PLYMOUTH, Aug. g. President Truman and King George VI made a historic rendezvous today at sea of Plymouth.
 The British Monarch and the first American President to visit Britain since President Wilson's visit after World War ' met aboard the Brit ish cruieer Renown at 1240 p. m. (7:40 a. m, Eastern War time)
 The President, with Secretary of State Byrncs and Adm. William D. Lcahy, boarded the Renown from a bright green barge flying the Presi- dential flag.
 The King waited at the rail with the Earl of Halifax. British ambassa- dor to the United States, and offi- cers of the battle cruiser
 Mir. Truman stood hatless at at- tention at the top of the ladder while Royal Marines played the Star Spanglcd Banner.
 Welcome to my country" the King said.
 The President and tho Monarch shook hands with cordiality and stood chatting while clasping hands.
 Truman made the visit to the Re- nown after boarding the U. S. Cruiser Augusta. which had brought him to Europe for the Big Three conference at Potsdam.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-02
Widening Campaign 10 Cut Japan Off from Asia
 tie Mainland WAKE ISLAND BOMBED
 BY U. ,. BAT1LESHIp
Submarines in Action in Pacific Wdrfare-Wdt-
 CTS Also Mined
By Leonard Milliman fAssociated Press War Editor)

Solid walls of fire swept over four Japanese cities today, hit in the worlds greatest air raid.
 Incredible" flames raging oyer three forewarned railway centers and an aluminum- producing city were only part of the days work of 820 Superforts which unloosed 6,632 tcrsc of destruction in the early morning hours shortly after four American Naval bombardment and rescue operations stretched across 5000 miles of the Pacific.
 Mine-laying B-29s reached almost to Soviet Russian territory in their biggest penetration of the Nipponese empire. It was only one phase of a widening campaign which Maj. Gen. Claire Chennault, retiring lead- CT of Americas flying Tigers said would cut off Japan completely from tke Asiatic mainland within a month.
 Reports from Admiral Nimitz and Tokyo radio said small naval task force shelled 70" island, 70 miles from Toyko, submarine fleet she'll ed southern Hokkaido island north of Tokyo, battleship bombarded Wake Island, and other fleet units rescued 283 natives from Nipponese- held Jaluit atoll in the Marshall Islands. All actions occurred yes- terday.
 Superforts. packing 232 tons more bombs than hit Normany on Europe's D-Day, set fires raging in four Japanese industrial cities, wrecked four oil plants in Tokyo Bay, and mined waters linking Nippon with Asia.
 Only a few interceptors and rela- lively light antiaircraft fire oppos- ed the greatest air fleet ever mount cd. Only one B-29 failed to return !,
 Targets were Mito, rail center 60 miles north of Tokyo; Hachioji, rail center g miles west of Tokyo; Ma gaoka, railway town on western Hon.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-02

tContinued on Page Str)
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-02


 WASHINGTON - One Of the greatest economy -howlers in Con- gress is Representative Jed Johnson of Anadarko, Okla, who, as Demo- cratic Chairman of the Sub-Ap- propriations Committee, insisted on cutting the Interior Department So drastically that it's officials can scarcely make a long-distance tele- phone call.
 Congressman Johnson, however, seems to believe in economy chiefly as applied to others. When it comes to a little trip to Alaska at the taxpayers expense, he is not so economy minded Johnson was ap- pointed last, winter to be Judge of the Customs Court in New York City, job which pays him $l0,0OO and a fat pension for life. He has been officially confirmed by the Senate. and New York Customs Court officials long have been wait ing Tor the Oklahoma solon to take his job. 4 However, Jed is in no hurry. Not only did he sit out the current session of Congress. but he is taking one last fling at the tax payers expense before donning judicial robes He and his Sub- Committee on Interior Department Appropriations are now in Alaska on a so-called inspection" trip. The Sub Committee includes Con- gressmen Mike Kirwan of Youngs- town, Ohio; John Rooney oI Brooklyn, N. Y.; Ben Jensen of Exira, Iowa, and Henry Dworshak of Burley, Idaho.
 * * ss
 CONGRESSMlEN LOVE ALASKA President Truman has cracked
 (COntfnued on Pd0e F0ur)
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-02
STOCK QUOTATIONS

NEW YORK. Aug. 2 - Closing quotation of Alaska-Juneau Mine stock today is 7h, American Can 98h, Anaconda B, Curtiss- Wright Gs, International Harvester 8lh Kennecott 3e%, New York Central 25M, Northern Pacific 28. U. & Steel 67h, Pound $403.
 Sales today were 100000 shares
 Dow, Jones averages today are as follows: Industrials, l6249; rails 56.90; utilities. 32.35.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-02
JApS CLAIM Y0BE READY,
 SHOWDOWN
People of Nip Empire Told Air Force Is "Intaet"
 Waiting Invasion

SAN FRANCISCO. Aug. Big headlines in Tokyo newspapers today assured readers Japan now stands ready to win the showdown fight Ion our homeland" while 82C Superfortresses were visiting fiery destruction upon an island oil re- finery in Tokyo Bay and four near by cities.
 The emphasis of the newspaper stories. as detailed in EGG intercept cd broadcasts, was that the Japanese air force has "cleverly" remained intact by refusing to fight Ameri- can raiders over the homeland, leav- ing the job entirely to ground gun crews
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-02
The Washington
 Merry -Go Round
By DREW PEARSON

It. Col Robert S. Allen now on active
 service with the Army.)
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-02

tcontinued on Page T,oo,
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-02
RESULTS OF BIG III R EE CONFERENCE
 GIVEN OUT
Treatmenfof Germany Re- pdrdiions, War with Jdp- an, Control System,
 Sentiment Against
 Spain Sci Forth

V . f.tff
 WASHINGTON, Aug 2.--The Big Three announced creation of Sup er-Council to write a big power peace for shattered Europe today in a report on the Potsdam conference which remained silent on the great enigma -Russia's role in the Pacific.
 Tn a 6,000-word communiQue, the heads of state of the United States. Great Britain and Russia also out lined plans to. collect raparatiouS from guilty Germany, and took a slap at the Franco government of Spain
 For the postwar Uerfnan economy, the yictors decreed "the develop-. ment Of agriculture and peaceful domestic industries" Aside from prohibiting all types of war muni- tions, they said that metalurgical. chemical and other industries should be limited by reparation exports and other controls to the point where average German living standards do mot exceed the average of the standards of living in European countries"
 War With Japan There was only one reference and that indirect to the war against Japan.
 And the only reference to mtli- tary matters capie in these two clos ing lines,, just before the signatures "J. V. Stalin. Harry S.tTruman, c R. Attlee":-
 During the conference there were meetings between the chiefs of staffs of the three governments on mili- tary matters of common interest"
 The outstanding military matter in the world today. for those fight ing and for those not fighting. is the Japanese war. Hence the terse reference to military matters" irn- mediately spurred the widest con- lecture in Washington. f While one interpretation was that European military matters were dis cussed, another view was that the fact there was any reference at all to Big Three war discussions could be significant perhaps indicating that Russian military experts talked over the Japanese war with the British and Americans although Russia is not now at war with Japan. There was nothing of an official nature to give any direct clue. Understanding Reached ! Todays was the first formal state ment giving any real details of what went on at Potsdam where an iron censorship was clamped down from the time the Big Three met on July IT. The conference terminated last night.
 i The report was Issued as Presi- dent Truman started homeward aboard the cruiser Augusta. ] It indicated, observers hcre were prompt to conclude, that a high degree of understanding had been reached by the chiefs of the three greatest powers occupying Germany 1 Russia, Britain and the U. 5. A.
 Preparations ! The problems covered ranged from statement on political and eco- homie principles. to some broad understanding on the question of reparations.
 i The Big Three agreed that in political matters i'so far as is prac- ticable there shall be uniformity of treatment of the German popula- tion throughout Germany"
 Tn economic questions. they said Germany shall be treated as single economic unit" in all matters of industry, farming. trade. money. transport and communications. and reparations.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-02
CINCINNATI MEN HERE

Carl J. Rosemeyer and Carl w. Varies, of Cincinnati, Ohio, have arrived in Juneau and are guests at the Gastineau Hotel.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-02
CROSSMAN HERE

Theodora Crossman, CAA em- ployee from Montana, is guest at the Hotel Juneau
Evening star., 1945-09-19
Runoff Is Required
In GreenbeIt Vote

In a bitterly contested election In
Greenbelt. Md. George F. Bauer
Paul Dunbar. Allen D. Morrison and
Joseph L. Rogers yesterday were Sc
lected to fill four of the five seats
ON the Town Council
The fifth councilman will be
named in a runoff election Tuesday
between John A. Cain and Sherrod
E. East, neither of whom received a
clear majority.
Votes cast for the four successful
candidates were as follows: Mr..
Bauer, SOL; Mr.. Dunbar. 467; Mr..
Morrison, 478, and Mr.. Rogers, 462
The first three are incumbents.
Mr.. Cain and Mr.. East received
BIT and 294 votes, respectively
Under the town charter, it was ex-
planned, a successful candidate must
obtain majority of the total votes
cast. In yesterdays election 871
votes were cast, thus making 436
necessary for election.
The nine other candidates re-
ceived the following votes:
David Grannahan, 291: Wells
Harrington, 269; Walter R. Volck-
hausen, 261: Ruth D. Taylor, 252:
Jesse E. Smith. 172: Donald H.
Cooper, 1859: Jack Fruchtman, 1862:
Margaret D. Carmody, Al, and Eli
RadkinSky. 40
Evening star., 1945-09-19
Automatic Ronge-Finding Fuse
HeIpedWin War, Army Reveals

Gen. Somervell did not say how
the burst was activated or specify
its targets but his reference to al
titude setting suggested 1t was used
against aircraft. At Cleveland, the
General Electric Corp. said that
Christmas tree light bulbs, filled
with a strong acid and slightly
altered into basic parts of anti
aircraft shell fuses, contributed to
split-second precision in shattering
Japanese air attacks.
Recounting other accomplish
ments, Gen. Somervell declared that
'the miracle which produced all
other miracles was something more
American than any one of them
1t was organizing and vitalizing OF
this vast machine"
Mr.. Bruce, he said, was "one OF
the great architects in the design
of that machine. He didn't enter
military service. He just exposed
himself to it. We tried to persuade
him to put on a uniform. We
didn't succeed in that.
Every man who fired a shell OF
cartridge on the front, every
man who had enough to eat, enough
to wear, who had shelter between
battles, owes Howard Bruce for q
part of this"
Mr.. Bruce, presented with a scroll
by Gov. O'Conor on behalf of the
States citizens. said that remark
able teamwork" led to the &C
complishments that won the wal
and IF our country can get the
same concerted teamwork" now 1--WE
will walk away with reconversion
problems"
Evening star., 1945-09-19
Neighbor Sues Chambers,
Claiming Property Damage

Two suits, seeking a total of $685.
900 damages, have been filed against
William w. Chambers. prominent
undertaken, by Miss Mary E. Hayes
1912 Madison street, Riverdale, ir
Prince Georges County Circuit
Court at Upper Marlboro.
In one of the suits Miss Hayes
through her attorney, Walter l.
Green, seeks SIS, 900 damages. She
charges the defendant, whose prop
erty at 5803 Cleveland avenue
Riverdale, adjoins hers, has de-
stroyed valuable shrubbery on hel
land, including lilac, rose ano
honeysuckle bushes and miscel.
laneous flowers.
In addition Miss Hayes asserts
that a water fountain on the de-
fendant's property has resulted ir
the constant flow of water on the
sidewalk and street in front of heI
home. She claims the defendants
actions have caused her great
mental and physical suffering"
In the other suit Miss Hayes seeks
81 900 damages, contending the de-
fendant has violated certain coven-
ants dealing with building restric.
tionS in the area,
Evening star., 1945-09-19
Petition 10 Change Form
OF County Rule Withdrawn
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
LEESBURG, Va, Sept. 19.-The
Loudoun County Better Government
Club, declaring it felt more time
was needed for the voters to in
form themselves about the present
and proposed forms of county gov
ernment, withdrew a petition filed
with the judge of the Circuit Court
10 days ago, asking that a pro-
posal to change to the executive
form of county government be SUBJ
mitted to the voters at the elec-
ton November 6, 1945. Lucas D.
Phillips, president Of the. club, asked
for it's withdrawal.
The club said that when the
movement for change in county
government was launched, it ap.
peared that there would be no con.
test for a public office at the No
vember election. Since that time
the Office of State Senator has beer
made vacant by the death of Sen.
ator Thomas B. Glascock and there
will be candidates for this ofice.
Evening star., 1945-09-19
Judge Brown Undergoes
Emergency Operation

Judge Paul E. Brown of the l6tf
Judicial Circuit. comprising Alex.
andria and Fairfax and Prince Will
liam Counties, underwent an. emer.
gency stomach operation in Alex.
andria Hospital yesterday.
The jurist was stricken suddenly
while lunching with Virginia Stat
Senator Andrew w. Clarke ans
Glenn U, Richard. at an Alexandris
restaurant He was rushed to tn.
hospital where physicians diagnosed
the ailment as ruptured stomach
ulcer.
Or. carsen L. Pifer performed tht
operation. Judge Brown was re.
ported resting comfortably this
morning.
Judge Brown, native Of Okla.
homa, has lived in Fairfax County
since 1919. In 1881, he was appointed
judge Of the Fairfax County Ju.
venile and Domestic Relations
Court, and in 1882 became the frs
county trial justice. He was ap.
pointed circuit court judge ir
March, 1914.
Evening star., 1945-09-19
Charles Stump Dies;
Alexandra Council
Member Since 1895

Alexandria Councilman Charles
McKown Stump, 68, died early today
at his residence, 104 West Windsor
avenue. He had been in poor health
for several years and was stricken
i'll yesterday.
Mr.. Stump had served on the City
Council since 1885. He filled two
terms as representative from the Sd
ward and at the time of his death
he was serving his second term as
councilman at large
A native of Gerrardstone, w. Va.
Mr.. Stump had been a resident of
Alexandria for more than so years
His parents, the late Rev. and Mrs
James Polk Stump, came to the city
when the Rev. Stump was named
pastor of the Washington Street
Methodist Church.
Mr.. Stump was employed fol
more than Is years by the Southern
Railway as chief clerk in the round
house. He retired several years ago
He was member of Andrew
Jackson Masonic Lodge, the Fra
ternal Order of Eagles and the
Washington Street Methodist
Church.
In addition to his widow, the
former Miss Julia Alexander OF
Alexandria, he is survived by a son
1t. Charles A. Stump, U. S. N, a
graduate of the Naval Academy
now in the Philippines: daughter
Miss Darlington A. Stump, teacher
at the Mount Vernon School, Alex
andria, and a grandson, Charles M
Stump II.
Funeral arrangements have moi
been completed.
Evening star., 1945-09-19
$50 Delegates Attend
Virginia Conference
Special Dispatch to The Star.

special Dispatch to Inc star.
WINCHESTER, Va, Sept. 10
The Virginia Conference of the
United Brethren Church opened
its l46th annual session here yes
terday with a communion service
presided over by Bishop J. B. Show
ers, Harrisburg, Pa. Bishop Showers
also will preside over business ses-
sions of the organization. Nearly
$50 clerical and lay representatives
registered from points within con-
ference territory, including Virginia
as far South as Roanoke and smaller
portions of Western Maryland and
Eastern West Virginia.
The scriptural selection for the
communion service was read by the
Rev. j. Paul Gruver, Berkeley
Springs, w. Va, conference super
intendent. Prayer was offered by
the Rev. Lucius G.. Bridgers, host
church pastor. Serving of COM
munion followed the annual Epis-
copal address of Bishop Showers,
whose topic was THE Cup He Would
Not Drink" Assisting in admin
istering the sacraments were Rev.
Mr.. Bridgers, the Rev. Mr.. Gruver,
and the Revs. A. J. Secrist, L. A.
Racey, H. E. Richardson, w. F.
Gruver. o. R. Kesner and S. J.
Westfall
A memorial service for the late
Rev. George w Stover. pastor
emeritus here, was held yesterday.
The tribute was by the Rev. Mr.
Bridgers. Prayers were offered by
the Rev G. M Pool, Antioch, w. Va.
and Bishop Showers, who also gave
the benediction.
Appointments for the coming year
will be announced tomorrow.
Evening star., 1945-09-19
BY the Associated Press.

the hSSOC1attu FIess.
BALTIMORE, Sept. ia top
secret of the war was out today fol-
lowing Gen. Brehon B. Somervell's
disclosure of existence of "prox-
unity fuse" which explodes a shell
at the best distance from the target
and crediting Howard Bruce Of
Maryland with an important part in
development of that and other
miracles that won the conflict.
Gen. Somevell's statements were
made last night at a testimonial
dinner for Mr.. Bruce, attended by
approximately TOO representatives
of all branches of business. indus
try and Government from through
out the Free State.
Mr.. Bruce, before his recent re-
tirement from duty as civilian ex-
pert with the Army Service Forces
was presented the Distinguished
Service Medal by President Truman
on the White House grounds, be-
coming one of four to receive the
highest military award given civil
lans.
Gen. Somervell discussed various
war developments last year and de-
clared:
"Other miracles came to pass in
this year, miracles of the ordnance
department. Long dream of artil-
lerymen was shell which would
burst of itself when at the best dis
tance from the target, burst with
out man-made efforts in estimat-
ing distances and attitudes in fuse
setting.
Such self-operating shells came
into being and were hurled with
deadly effect against the enemy"