davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-01-25
BASIC PRINCIPLES

ENTERED upon our fourth year of war, we
- find as never before the need Of fundamental
philosophy to guide us in our daily union prob
ems and in the relation of union problems to
Doth national and international problems.
}, We have designed Olr trade unions as agen-
cles or for and by Wage-earnerS, to deal with OuI
problems and to promote interests. Through
our unions we substitute mutual contracts for en-
IplOyerS dictiOn of the terms and conditions OF
work. Under our democratic institutions par
tcipate in the election of political representa-
! tives Our trade union movement has been de-
tveoped in an understanding that human freedom
lis our ultimate objective.
Free trade unions are essential to free econ
omy The labor force is essential to the mainten-
ance of free enterprise, for enterprise maintains
the right to manage it's affairs only if it succeeds
lin doing SO without interfering with rights and
conveniences of others. Industry is best able to
adjust it's problems peacefully when it has the
practice of adjusting labor problems through col
Ilective bargaining. When management and
unions free for themselves in the field of pro-
duction. This freedom is indispensable to freedom
exist, the judgment or discretion of some indi-
or governmental-ls substituted.
If workers are brought under control, by thatl
very process industry loses its right to decision.
By maintaining personal liberty and ecOnomlcl
freedom for wage-earners, the trade union be-
comes their great guarantee of freedom and op-
portunity in all their relationships Unions feder-I
ated nationally become potent institutions which,
so long as they promote the welfare of their con-
stituents, are constructive institutions.
The very fact that the union has power makes
those seeking to build up personal control anxious
to involve it in intrigue, and thereby weaken It,,
TO utilize it for partisan political programs di-
vert it from its proper purposes. Dissenson with
in any national labor movement is all too often the
opportunity for self-seekers and alien propa-
gandists.
For this fundamental reason the American
Federation of Labor has insisted that neither gov
eminent nor outside labor movements have the
right to interfere in internal labor issues. Only
by retaining control over our decisions can well
remain in control of our destnes
In these times we need frequently to examine
our faith and our course, and to check all union
policies to make sure they promote personal free
lom and lasting welfare. Certain of these things,
we can hew to the line
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-01-25
SAYS JOBLESS BENEFITS IN
NEW YORK ARE TOO LOW

Albany, N. Y. QLNS). = Though
the New York state unemployment
insurance system is among the most
liberal in the nation, benefits are too
low, in the opinion of Herman A.
Gray, chairman of the Unemployment
Insurance States Advisory Council.
Gray told the annual Legislative
conference of the State Federation of
Labor that unemployment benefits
should be increased in the postwar
period to absorb the shock which
workers and their families will suffer
during reconversion.
The system should be extended to
cover the 100000 workers not now
covered; the benefit period should be
heightened from the present 20 to 26
weeks; an added allowance of $5 a
week be given men with families of
3 or more children and the present
$18-a-week maximum be increased,
Gray said.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-01-25
THE MINERS BREAK ANOTHER RECORD

THE ORDER of the Government for fuel con-
servation, which is being put into effect here
i'm public buildings, hotels, office buildings and the
like, was even needed by the weather. which soar
ed to mid-fifty Fahrenheit last Friday
The order does throw into retrospect once
more the magnificent job which our union coal
miners are doing to help win the war. Short
handed, harrassed by management and their own
arrogant leadership at times, some 479,000 hard
and soft coal miners have turned out an al-time
production record of 6S4, 800, 900 tons of coal in
1914. This tops the 1913 production by 20 million
tons.
This output was achieved by older men, since
the industry has lost one out of every five men
employed in peace-time. The average age of the
coal mined today is As years. which is 13 years
higher than before the war. Miners working
hours have increased 81 per cent. A lot of the
men in the pits today are retired miners, some
because of physical deficiency age. AS a result
men 70 and 80 years old, who had been retired
have been recalled and are doing their bit in pro-
ducng the 'back diamonds so necessary to keep
the wheels of production moving. But even in
spite OF this great record government officials
state, we are short from l6 to % million tons
needed to ill all the nations fuel needs
The next time John l.. Lewis breaks into print
with some militant declaration which may infuri-
ate YOU, just forget about John and think of these
good, patriotic Americans a half million strong
1oWn in the bowels of the earth breaking one
record after another that you may be comfortable
and that industry may prouce the myriad of
things needed to win the war.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-01-25

Presdent-James Duffy p o. Box 8, East Liverpool Ohio
Wheatley Broad Naona
Bank Building, Trenton New Jersey . - $500.
PresdenFank Hull Gill Pacific Bd Huntington
Park Calf
Zmm O45 Ohio Avenue Trenton
es
Turner 25 W. Fourth Street.
Liverpool, Ohio
Sebring, Ohio
PresidentJohua Chadwick Grant Street. Newell W
Virginia.
Secretary p o. Box East Liver
pool,
GENERAL WARE STANDING COMMITTEE
Manufacturers M J. LYNCH w. A. BETZ J. I. HALL
Operatyes LOUIS PIESLOCK, HAYNES
CHINA WARE STANDING COMMITTEE
Manufacturers X KOoS, II. M. WALKER, w. A. BETZ
Opera II. II. HAISLOP, CHARLES jordan
DECORATING STANDING COMMITTEE
DIETZ, Sr., MARGARET PARKER RAY
BRoOKES, W. A. BETZ no, ~, ,,opronr
Operatives. JAMES HUGO MILLER, ROLAND
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-01-25
BLOCK THE PUSH

THE ALL-OUT drive for a labor draft is on.
Make no mistake about it. Taking advantage
Of the gloom and pessmsm caused by the big
German brealthrough on the western front, the
advocates of compulsory placing OF labor, with
the Army and Navy calling the moves, are in full
cry
The draft labor boys are ignoring the cheering
news from the Pacific and the equally cheering
news from the German eastern front, where the
tremendous Russian drive threatens to knock out
the Nazis and without much delay.
They are ignoring or brushing aside the united
opposition of labor and industry. They think II
they yell loud enough and push hard enough, they
can put over compulsory service
It's up to labor and industry and every be-
lever in the voluntary way of doing things TO
show the draft labor boys they cannot foist their
panacea on the country. The facts should be made
known to the nation. They show there is no over
all labor shortage; that shortages are local and
can be corrected, with labor, industry and gov
working together.
Frederick c.. Crawford chairman of the Ma
tional Association of Manufacturers executive
says that America has manpoWer
available ito carry out the new Army and Navy
production programs and the machinery to utilize
that manpower, without national service OF labor
draft legislation
Labor executives have said the same thing as
tives do not know the real situation, who else
does? They have pointed out the real facts and
if Congress does not heed them, voluntary meth
ods in this country will receive blow from which
they will be long time recovering.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-01-25
THREE NEW OFFICERS ARE
NAMED BY MACHINISTS

Washington, d. C.-Three changes
in the official family of the Interna-
tional Association of Machinists high
lighted special meeting of the Ma
chinists' executive council held in
Washington. The council unanimous
ly confirmed the three appointments
made by President Harvey w. Brown.
Vice President Eric Peterson was
named secretary-treasurer to succeed
the late Emmett c. Davidson, who
died three weeks ago after serving
in the position for 27 years.
Samuel l.. Newman, one of the
unions two temporary additional
wartime vice presidents, fills Peter
sons vacancy as regular vice presi-
dent, and A. j. Hayes, Machinists'
grand lodge representative at Mil
waukee, was elevated TO Newman's
former position.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-01-25
DRAFT CAPITAL ALONG WITH MANPOWER
-IF NECESSARY!

THE MILITARY setback suffered by our forces
in Europe and the stepping-up OF the tempo
of the war in the Pacific, will require greater
volume of war production than was expected II
will also result in larger number OF casualties
on both fronts Thus the need for many more
men, both for military training and the Wai
plants, is obvious.
But is the need so desperate that 1T Will re-
oure a universal service law? Is this need even SO
drastic that it requires the shutting down or cur
tailment of many non-essental war activities and
the RECOMMENDATION of ALL AZ men into war IN
dustries and non-combat military service?
Organized Labor is skeptica of the urgency OF
this a-out draft of manpower advocated by AS
sistant President" James +. Byrnes and his mill
tary and bureaucratic advisers. 1t feels that
ulterior motives other than the immediate man
power needs of the war plants and the military
services actuate this nslstence on total conscrlp-
ton of manpower Labor believes it is designed to
divert public scrutiny from the misJudgments ana
military incompetency OF those IN charge OF tne
war effort. as well as to sidetrack the growing
insistence of organized labor for the relaxation OF
the Little Steel Formula.
For four years now free labor and manage
ment have voluntarily met every production de-
mand made on them IT, in the end, labor is pro
scribed. it also expects and demands capital to be
totally drafted Such thinking seems logical and
equitable The President and Congress made that
pledge four years ago and if they want to WIN the
war they will have to keep It,
Labor fears that total conscription will become
a repressive instrument in the hands OF bureau
Gratis like Byrnes and his military advisers, who
have little liking for labor unions. And until con
elusive data and facts are produced to prove the
urgent necessity for total manpoWer draft, W
ganized Labor is opposed to lending 1T one lota
more than is needed.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-01-25
RADIO MANUFACTURING SEES
BIG POSTWAR JOB RISE

New York City QLNS). A big
jump in radio manufacturing employ
ment after the war is foreseen by the
Radio Manufacturers Association on
the basis of recent survey.
The industry will employ at least
1926 in the postwar period, an in
crease of $50 per cent over 1910, the
association predicts.
In making what is believed to be
the first factual, after-the-war survey
of any industry, the RMA obtained
figures from 202 firms, employing so
per cent of all the workers in the
industry. Now engaged in all-out war
production, these firms reported their
July September, 1914, employment at
241 ,286, and estimated postwar needs
at 5,266.
The increase over 1910 is attributed
to a huge pent-up demand for new
radios to replace wornout receivers,
as well as the anticipated popularity
of FM receivers and later of tele-
vision sets.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-01-25
GOOD HOUSING NOT LUXURY

ASKING, Does America want good housing,
~ Philip NJ Klutznick, commissioner of the Fed
eral Public Housing Agency, says there are aus Gus
turbing signs to The contrary" He cites studies
estimating need for 100000 houses year fol
10 years after the and conservatively estl-
mating there were 100000 substandard housing
units in our urban centers in 1910.
Housing must be taken out of the luxury class
and recognized as a necessity for all our people,
Kutznck insists. He says that although housing
is the second largest item of cost in the consumer
budget constituting about one-fifth OF the con-
sumers total expenditure, our residential con-
struction dropped from 6.1 per cent Of total pro-
duction in the peak year of 1925 to only l per
cent in the depression year 1888.
People must eat in good times and bad times,
he says I'VE know that and our economy recog-
nizes it, But we treat essential shelter as some
thing nice to have when we're doing fine but
something we must Just get along without when
we need it most Herein lies challenge and a
test both to industry and government"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-01-25
CONSUMER COOPERATION

HISTORY is made not by leaps and bounds but
II by halts and advances. Measures seem to sleeI
at times and suddenly revive and become pro
grams A long step in advance toward unity OF
labor philosophy was taken at the A. +. of H.
convention in New Orleans The convention de
cided to set uD a consumer department in the
A. +. Of l.. TO encourage consumer cooperatves
This we believe is move in the right direction.
The cooperative movement historically arose
out of strike by labor people. They found in
their long battle that they could not live on their
accumulated funds in such time of stress. There
upon they decided to pool their funds and do col
ective purchasing. This was the beginning of
consumer cooperation. The plan was never aban-
doned and consumer cooperatives have grown to
vast proportions in England and Europe.
Though interest in consumer cooperatives de
veloped slowly in the United States, great en-
phasis has been given to them in the last 10 years
and it seemed quite fitting for the A. f. Of L. to
give this support to a peoples movement.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-01-25
COMMENT ON WORLD
EVENTS

Predictions on military affairs of
ten prove wrong. To cite one recent
instance the military commentators
were sure last fall the Germans were
on the run in the west and were close
to final defeat. Some even named the
date for the end of the European war,
setting it as early as Oct. 81.
Then the German resistance stiff
ened along the western front, hold
ing the Allies in many places. Final
ly came the breakthrough of Marshal
Won Runstedt the middle of Decem-
Der, delaying the general Allied ad-
vance, perhaps for months. Now the
German wedge has been almost wiped
out and Won Runstedt may be back
where he started from, before this is
printed.
Though predictions are risky, this
column thinks that the great Russian
advance across Poland promises to
give the final knockout to the Nazis.
They will fight desperately and may
hold the Russians for awhile on the
Oder River or some other line. But
the Russian armies appear so over
whelming in size and equipment, to
say nothing of their spirit, compared
to the Germans, that Nazi defeat
and soon-seems certain.
Early German defeat by the Rus
SLAMS might make many of the plans
of American officialdon for big in
creases in the military and war pro-
duction forces seem silly, just as their
optimism of last fall looked silly in
the dark days of the last half of
December.
Officialdom, however, military and
civilian, hates to admit for a moment
that it may be even partly mistaken
and can be depended upon to continue
it's fervent and vociferous pleas for
huge military and war production ex-
pansion. More serious than the pleas,
is the drive to put over compulsory
labor service on the nation and per-
haps a permanent system of military
training, which is peacetime conscrip
tion.
Official Washington's loud whoop-
ing is no reason for getting panicky
and rushing to pass hastily drafted
legislation. The stand of labor and
against a labor draft is
based on sound reasoning and history.
of centuries shows that
never does what it is
expected to do and that it leads in
to slavery or something akin |
to it.
Now is the time for Americans to |
stop the ever increasing trend toward
and show the world that |
4 free nation can continue, as it has |
in the part, to wage war effectively |
without forced labor service. Instead
IF talking and planning for more
there should be more
effective use of manpower recruiting
already functioning. 1t has
proved it's worth and can be made
even more efficient.
Instead of talking and plotting for
there should be planning,
and above all, action, to relieve any
abor shortages that may exist by
sending workers where they are
needed.
Labor unions all over the nation
ire proving this can be done. The
AFL has cited many concrete exam
,les. 1t is being done and it is work
ng More and more of this kind of
lction, with labor, industry and gov
pulling together with all
heir might, will solve manpower
problems and give conclusive
lnswer to the advocates of compul-
ion. And as stated before, it will
how what free Americans can do,
hereby encouraging and inspiring
growth of freedom throughout the
world.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-01-25
Novel Post-Wur Products Ready

device will the telephone and repeat the
Of
for production victory.
which
to
peanuts;
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-01-25
THE
CHERRY TREE

Where With Our Little Hafchef
We Tell the Truth AbOut
Many Things, Sometimes Pro-
fOundIy, Sometimes FipPanhy
and Sometimes Recklessly.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-01-17
Senator Francis T. Maloney

The SuddenneSS of the death of Frank Maloney, and it's consequential effect upon the entire State of Connecticut, descended, carrying a sense of depletion, upon the spirits of all who knew the man personally and upon those appreciative of sincerity in Statesmanship.
 He was a man who lowered in general ability over most of his opponents and many of his constituents, principally because he was a leader of the people first and party interests secondly. A Senators Senator" as he was so aptly named in Washington he was held in highest esteem among his colleagues there, an esteem which transcended par tisan-held views and ambitions.
 A man of great integrity and moral courage, he tempered all personal con- victionS with his broad and kindly un- derStanding of humanity and his per- Sonal belief that Christian tenets of hon. eSty and ethics were the measuring stick for progressive legislation and endeavor.
 He was recognized leader of his party in Connecticut and the nation not be- cause of any dynamic influence of per- SOLldllIy (Scll-elldCeHleIlL was the keynote of the mans makeup), nor because of any political influence, but simply because he was an honest man with that honesty apparent in his daily conversation, his approach to all legislative problems and his ethics as political ally and oppo- nent. Such respect was an honestly earned respect and did not come with title, position, or influence, often so easily gained by chance or personal relationship.
 Senator Maloney worked and strove in the midst of political maneuverings, schemings for power and the cynical op- portunism so often found surrounding such position, and that he earned the respect of such Self-seeking persons as a man of untouchable honesty, is further tribute to that outstanding aspect of his nature.
 Truly his loss is mighty one to Con- necticut and America. His unrelenting endeavor toward good government, toward legislation for the people tempered to the peoples needs and qualifications will be sorely missed in the grave days of critical problems confronting us all. His party will seek long to find near equal.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-01-17
The High Cost of Fires

Fire losses in the United States during 1914 amounted to $423, ,538, 900, the high est in this country since 1882, according to estimates of the National Board of Fire Underwriters released today by w. E. Mallalieu, General Manager. The 1944 losses were Il per cent higher than those for 1943 and were the highest for any year since the total of SAP, l43 900 re- corded twelve years ago. The estimates are based upon incurred losses reported by companies which are members Of the board, plus an allowance for unreported and uninsured losses
 The 1944 losses broke a twelve-year record with losses of $48, 8,694,000 in De- cember, which were 2 per cent higher than losses of $47,716,000 reported in December, 1943, and A per cent above losses of $33, ,847 00O in November, l944. The December total was the highest for any month since March, 1882, when the figure was $49 189,000 The five-year period 194O through 1944 shows 20 per cent increase over the previous five-year period 1885 through 1889.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-01-17
In the Line of March

The March of Dimes officially opened in the city yesterday It is a nationwide affair and every community comes into the picture in striking manner. For instance the participants on the Informa- ton Please broadcast the other night each came across with dime at the Sug- gestion of Master of Ceremonies Clifton Faddiman.
 And that's the way it will be every where for the good of the cause. The Presidents birthday is the important day during the drive which has become an annual event in the worthy cause to combat infantile paralysis. Dr. Godfrey in our own city has urged the public'S cooperation.
 Great and small contributions will be welcome. Much can be done by getting in the dime line Many many dimes eventually add up to sizeable sums, all to go to the general fund.
 Take note of what you read about the drive in the newspapers and listen atten- lively to what you hear over the radio, In short join the line of march-the March of Dimes.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-01-17

cooperating so well with our own General Wedemeyer. Testing, he said, is the sort of man the G. Is like.
 Mansfield tried to visit the Chinese Communists in north ern China but was unsuccessful. He reported to President Roose- veltt hat Marshal Stalin was quite correct in his dealings with Chi- ang Kai-Shek, sent all his Chin csc all his Chinese relief supplies to the central government, none tot he Communists.
 CAPITAL CHAFF
 President Roosevelt's inaugura- tion might have made history i'll more ways than one by being the first to be televised. Chief trouble was that Philco, which re- quested permission to do the job. did not make it's request until last week. Arrangements for press and radio coverage had al- ready been made, and televlsion coverage would have required the inntallation of heavy equipment and would have necesSitated con- siderable encouragement [. Representative Chet Holifield of California has introduced bill calling for four-cent air-mail postcards .. Service men calling the office of Representative Helen Gahagan Douglas usually get thorugh to her even if their names are unfamiliar. That's because