davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-06-01
The Murroy-DingeH Bill

Once more Senators Robert F. Wag-
ner and James E. Murray and Representa-
tive John d. Dingell have submitted new
''cradle to the grave" social security bill to
Congress and once again the reactionaries
are bowling their protests.
The new bill containing health insur-
ance and liberal unemployment insurance
benefits has been extended to cover Is
million persons not now covered by social
security, including farm workers, domes-
tics, small business men and others.
Given the complete support of organ
lied labor, the Murray-Dingell bill should
not only receive respectful hearing
when it comes before the Senate COM
mittee, but it should merit the serious
consideration of every member of Con-
gress who must recognize that more ade-
quate protection is necessary to the wei
fare of the people of this country.
One of the principal opponents of the
new bill will again be the American Medi-
cal Association which was mainly instru-
mental in succeeding in burying the for
mer social security legislation on the
grounds that it was "socialized medicine"
This time, the medical profession will
point out that it has established in Ohio
and possibly several other states, health
insurance which operates in a somewhat
similar manner to the disqualification
plan now in use in practically all large
cities in the United States.
What the medical profession will not
point out is that the insurance" plan
which has been set up in Ohio is completely
dominated by members of the profession
and business men, and that neither the
general public nor labor will have an eff
fective voice in its operation.
States such as Ohio, where a reaction
airy state Chamber of Commerce has fought
to maintain minimum unemployment COM
pensation rates as low as SIS week will
be the principal battle grounds for discus
sion of the proposed liberalized social Sc
curity legislation. Obviously employers
who can hold unemployment compensa-
tion rates to such ridiculously low figure
will not favor beneficial legislation.
Those who oppose the new bill do not
recognize that their own security and
welfare would be enhanced by the inn
proved social legislation, for what benefits
labor and the plain people benefits the ma
tion. The new security legislation would,
if passed, be of inestimable benefit to the
whole people and is worthy of the support
of every man and woman who is interest
ed in their own welfare.
Write your senators and congressman
and tell them of your interest in the new
legislation and ask that they give the new
"cradle to the grave" social security bill
their support and vote.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-06-01
Regional
Views
By Richard Gosser
Director Region 2B, UAW>ClO
RAISE WAGES

AS production cutbacks continue and the
work week is cut to 40 hours, it will be neces-
sary to raise wages if we have any hopes of
maintaining the purchasing power of the work
ers.
This desire of the unions to secure 48 hours
pay when the 40-hour week is brought back
is not entirely selfish, for unless the purchas-
ing power of the workers is held at its pres
ent peak, every other line of endeavor will suf-
fer from falling off in business.
Strict adherence to the little steel formula
by the War Labor Board is defeating what re-
habilitaton could be accomplished now before
the war with Japan has ended. 1t is resulting
in a gradual falling off of purchasing power
which cannot help but affect those industries
which are beginning to reconvert.
We are not asking that the War Labor
Board take off all restraints, but we are again
pointing out to the Board that it has not met
the conditions Of rising living costs with realism
in granting wage increases to meet this condi-
ton. We are just as fearful of initiation as the
government and the War Labor Board but
after nearly four years telling the Board our
story still do not seem to be able to make
it understand that there can be no pros
perity or progress except as it comes from the
plain people.
UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE
Last week, l ran across some figures which
show that the great state of Ohio, one of the
nations most highly industrialized states, pays
to the unemployed Is cents out of every dollar
taken into the unemployment compensation
fund. The average for the nation is 26 cents
and includes many states which lag far be-
hind us in industrial development.
Even as this news was before me, the news
papers carried the story out of Columbus
that the powers that be were trying to COM
promise the new unemployment compensation
bill to give the unemployed $50 instead of the
SIS asked for and to grant it for 20 weeks in
stead of the 26 weeks provided in the bill.
The compromise was between the low S18
which the business men and their associations
want to give the unemployed and the SIS for
which the workers have asked. To me that is
not compromise, nor even good sense, for the
people who will suffer along with the unem-
ployed are the same business men who will
produce less and sell less to people with in
comes of $40 than they could to people with
SIS week incomes
The unemployment compensation bill must
not be compromised and the workers must be
given higher wages if we have any hope of
maintaining our standard of living on a scale
where it belongs and which the country can
afford to provide.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-06-01

"We are now in the midst of war, not for
conquest, not for vengeance, but for world
in which this nation, and all that this nation
represents, will be safe for our children.
We are going to win the war and we are 60
ing to win the peace"
Franklin d. Roosevelt, Special
Message to Congress, December 8, 1941
'"The issue of this war is the basic issue
between those who believe in mankind and
those who do not-the ancient issue between
those who put their faith in the people and
those who put their faith in dictators and ty-
rants. There have always been those who did
not believe in the people. who attempted to
block their forward movement across history,
to force them back to servility and silence"
Franklin d. Roosevelt, Annual
Message to Congress, January, 1943
"The only limit to our realization of to-
morrow will be the doubts of today. Let us
move forward with strong and active faith"
Franklin D. Roosevelt written
April IL, 1945 the day before his death.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-06-01
TWILIGHT OF THE PRESS

The United States press has
been exposed in its true out
lines. Vociferous always in
their demand for a free press,
American newspapers virtu-
ally ignored one of the most
dramatic test cases of free
journalism in recent years.
This case involved the United
states Congress. 1t was a fla
grant breach of the rights of
a newspaper-PM-to protect
the source of their news.
Albert Deutsch, PMS Wash
ington correspondent, inter-
viewed doctors and nurses at
veterans hospitals, unearthing
scandalous situation. He
wrote his findings. When sum-
moned by the House Veterans
Committee to testify on the
situation, he was given no
chance to tell what he knew.
Instead, he was prosecuted by
Chairman Rankin (Miss.) for
refusing to break the conf
dences of doctors who had
given him his information.
The Committee, under Ran
kin's bitter lash, vote d
Deutsch in contempt.
This was a deadly attack on
the very foundation of a free
press. 1t involved all news
papers, whatever their poll
tical hue. But the great chal-
lenge went almost unnoticed
in the nations newspapers. A
few wrote editorials and then,
having done their mild"
duty, dropped the story like a
hotcake. While Deutsch and
PM battled for their rights,
the story of their great battle
was virtually suppressed in
the press of the nation. Papers
that did report this historic
contest generally boiled it
down to few paragraphs bu-
ried near the obituary column.
Why? you ask. The answer
is clear: American journalism,
in the main, is so destitute of
morality that it fails to take
up the gauntlet of battle for
its own rights-simply be-
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-06-01
Drop a Flo,oer
BY Fred Thomas

Memorial Day is day of
flowers. Drop a flower for the
Negro, the Catholic, the Jew,
who died in Italy, not living
to see the bitter-end fight in
the Legislature against FEPC
in Ohio.
Drop a flower for the SOL
dier who died in Normandy,
who did not live to see the
House Taxation Committee
table a bill which would have
helped his family get out of
the slums.
Drop a flower for the men
tally ill veteran who saw the
House Welfare Committee rip
the mental health program to
bits.
Drop flower on the grave
of the boy whose mother was
given no old age pension as
sistance by the Legislature.
Drop a flower on the un-
marked grave of the Unknown
Soldier from Ohio, whose ia
ther was laid off this week
and now looks with fore
boding to the Legislature for
a real unemployment insur-
ance program.
Drop your flowers-one by
one-this Memorial Day on
the graves of Ohio's heroes,
who died to make their state
safe for a boss-riden and
heartless Legislature.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-06-01
And now among the fading

And now among the fading
embers,
These in the main are my
regrets:
When l am right no one
remembers,
When l am wrong no one
forgets.
-Grantland Rice
Ray Stannard Baker.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-06-01
What's
New?
Edward Duck
On Leave
With The
Army

Editors Note: Pvt. Duck has
seen action in Germany and
wrote several columns based
on what he has seen and his
impressions. Men in action
rarely ever write columns.
The fact that the former Local
IL educational director does
SO illustrates his continued
interest in his union and its
members.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-06-01

cause PM represents a liberal
form of journalism. Sue
prostitution saddens a nation
which vainly looks for a press
that will place integrity above
such interests.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-06-01
Washington
Labor Report
BY Bradford V. Carter
LPA Co1umnist
PERKINS PASSES

President Truman lived up to current ru-
mors going the rounds of Washington for at
least a month and appointed Federal Judge
Lewis Schwellenbach as secretary of labor
to replace Miss Frances Perkins. The labor
people will not be diSpleased to see new
labor secretary although Miss Perkins is, as
one union leader said, rather decent sort of
a GAL
1t is likely that perhaps unknowingly Miss
Perkins herself summed up her basic weakness
as a secretary of labor in the mind of the
unions. Testifying before the House Appropri-
ations Committee recently the following in
terehange took place:
Representative Engel (R., Mich):" ". The
Department of Labor was organized, you
pointed out a number of times, for the pur-
pose of looking after the interests of labor.
Secretary Perkins: 'The welfare of labor
but not their interest -. :"
Here then is the key to Miss Perkins in
eptneSs as secretary of labor Her concep-
tion of Labor Department is that of social
worker who wants to "do good rather than
that of person with keen awareness of the
interplay of forces in modern government.
The rash of agencies concerned with labor
matters sprang up precisely because the unions
could find no genuine sympathy and under
standing of their pressing problems in the
Labor Department. Miss Perkins used to say
a great deal about the overlapping of functions
in the labor field but she was never able to
see her way clear to do something about trans
forming her department as an advocate of
labor's interests.
NO ORGANIZER
In the II years that she has been in office,
not once did the secretary seek to organize
continuing labor advisory committee composed
of spokesmen of the AFL, CIO and the Rail-
road unions. She didn't organize an advisory
committee because in the judgment of the
labor people here she felt that nothing useful
could come of a committee of this sort
Miss Perkins welfare" approach lost her
the support of the labor movement WhateveF
the merits of the case were, it is inconceivablA
that the unions would have launched thein
heavy attack on the Bureau of Labor Statis-
tics Cost of Living Index if the department
had made genuine attempt to bring in the
unions as advisors
Judge Schwellenbach brings to his job. as
secretary of labor an excellent labor record in
the United States Senate. There is every hope
that he will profit by his predecessors weak
nesses and transform the Department of Labor
into vital and militant spokesman for Iabofs
welfare AND interests.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-17
British Begin New Drive North OF Aacher
Russians Within|38 Miles OF Reich Border
Roosevelt To hzsk Congress For Service Ac
President Ignores
Opposition Of CO
FDR Asks IL Murray Has Better Sugges'
ton; TO Back Demand With Data from
War and Navy Leaders

in the one he has under penalty
Of forced service in special labor
battalions.
Mr.. Roosevelt said his recon-
mendations would follow the case
he had made out in his state of
the union message when he sought
legal authority to place persons in
positions where they would be
valuable to the war effort.
His message will be accompan-
led by letters from the Nations
top comm anders-Gen. George C..
Marshall, Army chief Of staff, and
Adm. Ernest j. King, commander
in-chief Of the U. S. fleet, urging
National Service. These men were
among those present at Mr.. Roose-
velt's conference with Senate and
House Military Affairs Committee
chairmen.
The President was informed that
"hilip Murray, president of h e
Congress of Industrial Organiza-
Continued on Page Seven, Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-17
Nazl Prisoner OF War,
Bound For Local Camp,
Escapes And Is Retaken

a German prisoner-of-war who
. . considerable excitement in
t ,a North Carolina by escap-
Jug Yesterday afternoon from a
convoy bound from Camp Butner
wilmington was discovered loi-
slMg peaceably on a Smithfield
.,..ee',corner shortly after min e
o'clock last night.
operatives from the Johnston
souh'y sheriff's office and military
t police arrested the wandering leu
u .u,i' Ewald Grauer, aged 20. APP.
paIently ne had made no effort to
substitute less conspicuous gar.
M ".;.l $ Tor his blue fatigue uniform
signia. F." "
n according to 1t. R. H. Hazel,
y, NJ. P, commander of the Will.
m rnils'on prisoner-of-war encamp-
tn en'' Grauer had strolled away
nr vi lhe convoy when opportunity
tt avS in the form of a motor.
n raaufe which halted the truck-file
VIZ .s; omlthfield. After the guard
r r.nlcle' bringing up the convoy:
reSt l,aa been forced to stop, the
aro,, u the trucks pulled partly
sev;n 'u curve TO avoid endan
for " fs traffic, affording a moment
served. away uiioD
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-17
StarMems Helps Solpe
Old Mew York Mystery

sf A 32-year-old mystery which be-
gan in. Silver Creek. ~. Y. and
ended on farm near Whiteville
in Columbus county, was solved
this week by the combined efforts
of the Wilmington Sta--NeWs and
the Buffalo (N,.4Y.) Evening News.
I \ Walter c.. Robinson, former roof
ing contractor and game warden
of Silver Creek, who disappeared
in 1912 at the age of %, and who
was believed to have been muir
dered, is living with his wife on a
little farm at Clarendon, it was
learned from his brother, Enron G.
Robinson of Silver Creek, and
James Rogers, Star-News cores
pondent in Whiteyille.
Enron Robinson declared in a
story published by the Buffalo
News that he was positive that the
Columbus man is his brother but
since Walter Robinson SO far has
refused to offer any reason for his
disappearance, some portions OF
the mystery remain unsolved.
Rogers recently visited the Rob-
inson farm and talked with Mrs.
Robinson while her husband was
away She disclosed that she met
Robinson in Rockingham many
years ago and although he told her
that he was from Silver Creek,
she admitted that she knew moth
ing of his past. She further told
Rogers that his only answer on
coming to Rockingham was Ito
meet YOU"
Mrs. Robinson displayed pictures
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-17
THIRD FLEET FLIERS
HIT CANTON AND BAG
NINE MORE JAP SHIPS

U. S. PACIFIC FLEET HEAD
QUARTERS, Pearl Harbor, Jan
16-UP)-Adm. William F. Hal
sey's Third Fleet Carrier aircraft,
making their deepest penetration
of eneray-held China, sank at leas1
nine Japanese vessels, damaged q
others, and destroyed or riddleo
81 enemy planes Monday and Tues
day CJapan time) off Formosa,
Canton, Swallow and Hongkong, in
the latest blows of a continuing
sweep along $50 miles of the China
coast.
Adm. Chester W. Nimitz, Pacific
Fleet commander, disclosed in a
communique that Halsey's strikes
against enemy shipping along the
South China coasts, now continued
for three consecutive days, had
sent carrier pilots 80 miles inland
from Hong Kong to attack Canton
for the first time.
Canton is the largest city in
south China and Japan's most i'm
portant supply and communlca-
tons center in that area. Strangely
there was no Japanese air opposi-
ton over Canton or Hong Kong,
and shipping, harbor facilities,
docks and fuel storage areas were
heavily damaged.
Minitz' communique emphasized
that the reports from the two days
operations were preliminary and
(Continued on Page Two; Col. -
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-17
DRAFT BOARD WARNS
AGAINST DEFERRED
MEN CHANGING JOBS

City Draft Board number one
yesterday warned all Wilmington
4-F's and other draft-deferred mer
between the ages of II and 38 that
if they quit jobs hereafter with
out the approval of their Selective
Service boards they will be re
classified la at once and sent tc
Fort Bragg for induction with the
next shipment of eligibles.
This order. relayed by State Sc
lective Service officials from Ma.
tional headquarters, applies to all
registrants except les. honorably
discharged veterans of the present
war. Files of current 4-F's are in
the process of review now. Those
not found to be in war-essentlal
work will be moved into the avail
able-bracket.
Disabilities heretofore consider
ed disqualifying will be "waived'
it was explained. The exact de
gree of the lowering of the physica.
requirements for admittance to the
armed TO ces was not made clear
The Wa. Department has low
cred the Army physical standards
with respect to registrants placed
in class IA, class LAO, or class
I'VE. If, upon preinduction physi
cal examination, such registrar
is found qualified for general mil
itary service the armed forces in
duction station will indicate his &C.
ceptability on a cert!hcate %.
physical fitness:
Ii registrant is not found quail
fled for general military service
but is found acceptable for mill
tary service under the lowel
physical standards to be applied
to registrants classified as avail
able for service, the armed force:
induction station will indie late hi
acceptability according to. the or
ders.
.tWhen a registrant classified il
class Ia or. class lao is foune
upon pre-induction physical exami
nation to be qualified for genera
military service he shall be for
warded for induction along witt
other registrants being forwarded
on the regular call for men TO.
general military service" the or
der said.
If a person classified as a con
scientious objector is found quail
fled for general military service
or acceptable for military serv
ice,'' the local board shall notlt.
Director Lewis B. Hershey that thu
registrant is available for assign
ment to work of national impor
lance under civilian direction
The physically fit las who ar
accepted TO- general military serv
ice and registrants marked accept
Continued on Page Two; Col. 8
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-17

of her husbands family indicating
that they were sports fishermen
Some of the photos showed them
on fishing trips. She said that she
had asked him many times about
his life in New York state but thai
he had refused to talk about it.
She further said that her hus
band had not written his family
because of Ibis carelessness ir
writing" However, Enron Robin
son received a letter from his
brother recently, the Buffalo News
reported, addressed to his son, ir
which Walter wrote that he was ir
poor health and was living neal
Clarendon, N. c. (Walter now is
partially paralyzed).
Enron told the Buffalo News that
mis- brothers letter did not explain
his disappearance and that it was
the first communication he had re.
ceived from him since 1912. oval.
ter, who was % when he left, lived
with my MOTHER he said, "She
died several years ago still won.
dering what had happened to her
son.
Ray L. Bu-master, Saranac Lake
N. Y, also told the Buff alo News
that he had received a letter from
Sheriff H. D. Stanley of Columbus
County confirming Walters resi-
dence there for about 80 years.
The disappearance of Robinson
from Silver Creek baffled police OF
that area. Large posses were Or
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-17
Raj Bombers Strike
Deep Into Germany;
u. S. Hits Oil Plant

LONDON, Wednesday, Jan. IT,
(UP)-The Raj sent powerful
forces of heavy bombers deep over
Germany last night, attacking what
Berlin said was the Magdeburg-
Dessau area. following up Ameri-
can daylight raids by 2,400 planes.
Two strong forces of Raj heav-
les, one Of which took more than
an hour to pass the British coast,
roared out of Britain last night in
the wake of assaults by go U. S.
heavy bombers and $50 fighters
against a synthetic oil plant At
Rutland, freight yards at Dessau
and Dresden and German tank
plant at Magdeburg.
Fighter and medium bombers OF
the U. S. 9th Air Force flying some
100 sorties blasted targets in the
Belgian bulge and three bridges
across the Rhine and Moselle riv-
ers.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-17

WASHINGTON, IA N. 6.-UP)
President R oosev moved
forcefully into the critical manpow-
er situation tonight, revealing that
he will send message to Con.
gress tomorrow emphasizing tn e
extreme need for action on Nation
al Service legislation. =
He told his news conference that
armed services and war produc.
ton needs make such legislation
vitality necessary.
He did not specify the type OF
National Service he has in mind
but Chairman Andrew ]. May, Cd
KY, of the House Military Affairs
Committee who attended confer
ence on National Service at the
White House today, said that
Roosevelt favors the work-or-fight
bill now in committee hearings as
a preliminary to full National
Service legislation.
The bill sponsored by May.
would force very man between 10
and As to get a war job or stay
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-17
Xank Guerrilla Leader
Leaves Hills Of Luzon

Japanese with 20 men and six ri
hes.
He was a second lieutenant when
Gen. Douglas Macarthur ordered
him to 60 through the enemy lines
in February, 1912, to organize
guerrilla bands. AS his army grew
he promoted himself to major.
The strapping six foot guerrilla
leader appeared at G-2 headquar-
tiers looking like HollyWood-style
cowboy - beaten down garrison
hat, long sideburns, native clothes
and Japanese shoes with the toes
cut out. He had to think for a
minute to recall his age. It's %.
And to remember that his parents
Mr.. and Mrs. c. E. Lapham-
(Continued on Page Two; Col. u
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-17
ID PERSONS DIE
IN HOTEL BLAZE
Chicago Loop District Fire
Called Worst In Is
Years

CHICAGO, Jan. Is R -Four
teen bodies lay in the county
morgue today, victims of fire
that Marshal Michael ]. Corrigar
called the worst in the Loop Dis
trict in Is years. Six persons were
hospitalized with injuries.
The victims, one woman, per
ished in an early morning blaze
in the General Clark hotel at I'll
North Clark street, a seven-story,
40-year-old stone-and-frame build
ing a few feet mort hof Lake street
on the north side OF the Loop.
Late in the day, six of the dead
men had been identified. All were
Chicagoans. The unidentified wom-
an died when she leaped from a
third floor window, landing on the
sidewalk. All the men burned OF
suffocated to death. Most of the
bodies were badly charred.
Drama at high pitch accompan.
led frantic rescue efforts by spec.
tators and firemen manning near.
ly 40 pieces of apparatus. Three
persons 1eaped safely into fire.
mems life nets. A dozen were car
ried down ladders.
Two servicemen who happened
to be passing by helped reduce
the death toll. Corp. James Boud-
(COntinued nm Pape Seven Col X