davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-09-25

a suspicion that Macarthur was playing
politics, according to some Of the COM
mentators, when he publicly declared
that he hoped within six months to be
able to handle the occupation of Japan
with as few as 100000 men.
The nub Of the matter was that the
Macarthur statement came at a time
when the demand for speedier demobi-
lization Of the armed forces was rapping
loudly on the White House doors as
well as those of the War and Navy De-
partments. The Macarthur critics
figured that he was making a play for
political preferment by making a low
estimate Of forces needed in Japan
and BY implication suggesting that the
forces needed in Germany would be far
less than have been estimated. They
Immediately visualiLed Macarthur as
an aspirant for a Republican presiden-
tial nomination in 194S. There was
nothing whatever in the Macarthur
statement to bear out such a suspicion.
-
1t was reminiscent, however, Of the
fears in Democratic quarters back In
1884, that the general who, above
all others, had caught the imagination
OF the American people, might be
drafted by the COP to run against
the late President Roosevelt. There
was movement in this country for
such nomination. but Macarthur him.
self finally squelched it by fat state
ment he would not be a presidential
candidate
1t was unfair to him then. when his
great ambition was to do just what he
has done, first to free the Philippines
and then to invade Japan itself, and i,
Is unfair to him now when he is engaged
In task OF tremendous Importance, the
demilitarization Of Japan.
The occupation Of Japan has moved
steadily forward since Macarthur landed
with forces that were inflnitesimal when
compared to the total number Of JAP
anese still under arms. The American
commander has necessarily gone ahead
step by step. Criticisms that the peace
for Japan was to be soft" peace.
which arose early in the occupation
have gradually fallen away rs Gen.
Macarthur has expanded his grip on
the islands and their people. There will
be no soft peace ii he has his way.
But, as Mr.. Acheson has pointed out,
the kind Of peace meted out to Japan
Is a matter Of policy-and the policy of
this Government toward Japan will be
made in Washington.
Evening star., 1945-09-25
American Power

The recent statement by Field
Marshal Sir Henry Maitland Wilson,
chief OF the British joint staff
mission here, has stirred up a rather
heated controversy, primarily be-
cause he was reported to have
expressed certain apprehensions re-
garding the plans OF Soviet Russia.
THIS Is unfortunate, because what
the British field marshal said, or
did not say, about Russia has little
or no bearing on the more important
point that he was trying to make.
Sir Henry had pointed out that.
as Of today, there are two great
military powers in the world-the
United States and Russia. But the
United States is rapidly tearing
down and scrapping its military
organization. The Russians, how
ever, are not disbanding their armed
forces, but, on the contrary, from
all available evidence, are planning
to strengthen them. The result of
this is obvious and inescapable.
Before very long there is going to
be but one great military power in
the world, and that will be the
U. S. S. r.
Under our political system, and
the temper of the American people
being what it is, this probably is
inevitable. But in relinquishing our
position of military parity, if not
superiority, we ought to have a clear
understanding of what we are doing.
In those areas where Russian power
can assert itself, we are depriving
ourselves of an effective voice. And,
in those areas, we ought to be careful
not to make commitments or assume
responsibilities that are beyond our
means. For in this world we cannot
be politically influential and mill
tarily weak at one and the same
time.
Evening star., 1945-09-25

stored government, what may be ex-
pected among the rank -and-file admin
istrators?
1t is true that the dif1lculty of keen
ing NaziS and militarists from power
Is very great. For IL years the Nazi
party Systematically removed anti
Nazis from every leading spot in gov.
ernment and in business. But there
Is a marked difference in policy BE-
tween the British and Americans. on
one hand, and the Russians, on the
other. Whenever in our zone of oc-
cupation the elimination of the owner
or manager OF factory, bank or de.
partment store comes up, wall arises
that he is indispensable; that he was
Nazl by compulsion; that the business
cannot run without him.
The Russian credo is that there Is
no indispensable German. The simple
Muscovite mind reasons that If these
owners and managers should die, the
business would still 60 on. We hear
OF German owners and managers dis
appearing into Russia. But as far as
can be ascertained, businesses are be-
ginning to operate in the Russian zone,
despite personnel troubles. Soon we
shall hear sympathetic walls for the
poor Germans and curses for the cruel
Russians.
Perhaps the occupying American
soldiers and administrators, whose
homeland was never bombed and never
felt the feet of German soldiers, are
too kind. No doubt, our people over
there are impressed by the neatness
Of German homes, the exactness of
German otdces. Such things appeal
to American feelings for order and
efficiency. This is softening influence
Against this influence. it ought to
be remembered that 05 per cent Of
these people acclaimed Hitler's con-
quest 6f Europe. But like the girl In
the play "Oklahoma!" we "fergit."
taslease1 by the Associated NswspaperH Ine.)
Evening star., 1945-09-25
Veterans Insurance

After the First World War a great
number of our demobilized soldiers
and sailors made the serious per-
sonal mistake of neglecting to hold
on to their Government insurance
policies. Today, quarter OF a CEN
tury later, there are disturbing signs
that the same thing is beginning to
happen all over again.
According to information avail
able at the Veterans Administra-
ton. fourteen out of every fifteen
discharged men have let their Gov
ernment policies lapse since return
ing to civilian life. 1t is too early
to determine, of course, whether this
trend will continue, but if it docs
and there is danger that it will-the
improvidence involved will be little
short of tragic.
AS set up for him by the Govern
ment, with rates depending on age,
the average soldier or sailor pays
about Sc a month for $4,000 Ma
tional Service Life Insurance policy.
This is much less than he would
have to pay on comparable civilian
policy, and all he needs to do to
continue enjoying the advantage for
the rest of his life is to keep up his
payments. To let them lapse is
simply to throw away money and
to neglect his duty to provide secur-
ity, in case of death, for his wife
and children or other dependents
whom he may have now or may
acquire later.
All demobilized veterans are being
advised along this line at all sepa-
ration centers, and special booklets
are issued to them, urging that they
hold on to the good thing they have
already. Unfortunately, however, a.
the figures show, this has not beer
enough to convince any more thar
one out of every fifteen servicemer
discharged so far. The young tenc
to give little thought to the future
and the overwhelming majority o1
our soldiers and sailors are young-s
fact which suggests that the of11cia
Evening star., 1945-09-25
Moon

The hounds OF night haze chased Their
quarry high
into the hills-it tDdits upon a crest:
The sounds OF night are baying to the
sky
That claim the silper Cyclops in the
Dest.
Dark shddotos crouch and t,pftch yet
neper leap,
As though they recognize tutility;
The cleaning creature that cun neper
sleep
Must roam toreDer sky's tnfnity.
Across the meadows OF the stars Il
nloDes,
Beyond the reach OF dason's denasd-
ing light,
Soaring the darkness tDfth its sflper
h0opes,
Yet neper leaving footprints In its
flight.
What kinship lies betsoeen this king
and man,
Hunted and lonely since the sDorl6
begax. COeETTE MIDDLETON.
Evening star., 1945-09-25

The British government has thrown
the ball" back to Washington. Since
the United States has shown such a
keen interest In settling the problem OF
Jewish immigration to Palestine, the
British have suggested that we also
assume full responsibility for policing
Palestine.
President Truman has inherited the
unenviable position of being confronted
with two conflicting pledges made by
President Roosevelt. One promises sup
port to the Zionists and is contained
in 4 Dear Bob" letter addressed to
Senator Wagner. Democrat, Of New
York. The other is an equally emphatic
promise to King Ibn Saud Of Arabia
that the United States would not inter-
fere In the Palestine matter.
Last June the leaders of the Palestine
movement asked Senator Wagner, who
was candidate for reelection on the
Democratic ticket, where the admins
tration stood on Jewish immigration to
the Holy Land. The Senator, who knew
the importance of the Jewish vote in New
York, conferred with President Roosevelt,
who later wrote him letter to be shown
to the Jewish leaders. This letter said
the administration was most sympa-
thetic to their cause and authorized
Senator Wagner to say that as soon as
the Senate reconvened he would be
charged with offering to the Foreign
Relations Committee resolution plac-
ing the Senate on record as favoring
return Of the Jews to Palestine. The
Jewish leaders were satisfied.
In November, 1914, the New York
Senator, faithful to his pledge, brought
the resolution before the committee.
He was supported Immediately by SEN
ator Capper. Republican, of Kansas.
who, in the absence of Senator johnson,
Republican, of California, was the rank
ing minority leader. But he met oppo-
sition regarding the "timeliness" of the
resolution from the chairman of the
committee, Senator Connally, Demo-
crat, Of Texas
After heated debate in an executive
session, Senator Connally called up the
State Department and asked the then
Undersecretary of State Stettinius to
come to the meeting and back up his
explanation and give the reasons why
the Wagner resolution was untimely.
Mr.. Stettinius complied and informed
the committee that President Roosevelt
had given a verbal pledge to Prime
Minister Churchill to the effect that
Congress would not interfere in the
Palestine matter. The situation, he ex-
planned. was loaded with political dyna-
mite and the Allies needed the CO.
operation of the Arabs. Furthermore.
he is reported to have added. any formal
pledge in favor of Jewish immigration
might cause a major disturbance
Evening star., 1945-09-25
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

The outburst in this country over the
statement made by Gen. Douglas Mac
Arthur that within six months time 1t
may be possible to police Japan with
100000 Regular Army men is quieting
down.
Gen. Macarthur Is doing a whale of
a job in Japan and doing it we'll. If
any one can be considered an expert
on how to handle the task ahead Mac
Arthur Is that man. Further, the Amer
lean people have the utmost confidence
In the general when it comes to things
milltary-and that is what his judg-
ment concerning military requirements
in occupied Japan really is.
Undersecretary of State Dean Ache
son, in press interview last week, gave
an impression that Gen. Macarthur had
talked out of turn when he expressed
his views on the size of the forces
needed for the occupation Of Japan, al
though he, Mr.. Acheson, disavowed any
intention OF discussing military matters
What he did insist was that when it
comes to policy, the administration here
IN Washington will deal with all ques-
tions and not Macarthur. Gen. Mac
Arthur's statement, however, did not
make any reference to policies of this
Government
Mr.. Acheson's nomination to be Under
secretary of State was pending in the
Senate at the time he issued the so
called reply to Macarthur. Considera-
ton OF his appointment in the Senate,
which ended in an overwhelming vote
for confirmation, turned out to be, how
ever, vehicle for upholding Macarthur
Even the most ardent supporters Of the
Acheson nomination, among them Sena-
tor Connally of Texas, chairman Of the
Foreign Relations Committee, hastened
to assert that Mr.. Acheson,s statement
to the press could not be considered In
any way . reflection on Gen. Macarthur
Tho fare-up in the Senate, led BY
Senator Wherry. Republican, of Ne
braska was aided and abetted by Sena-
tor Chandler, Democrat, OF Kentucky,
served ut least one good purpose. It
cleared the atmosphere. Further, it
demonstrated the fact that attempts
and there have been . number-to
criticize or belittle Gen. Macarthur and
his leadership in the Pacific area, do
not sit well in the United States.
The Acheson statement was played
up by press and radio as a rebuke to
Gen. Macarthur. There was more than
Evening star., 1945-09-25
Library Expansion

The budget request OF the Public
Library for 1s47 amounts to $2,084,-
329 and represents more than double
the appropriation of $836,800 for
:. ls46. But $1,201,216 of the sum
= wanted Is earmarked for an i'm
perative construction program to
which both the District government
and Congress already are committed.
The new Central Library must be
completed. Its existing unit at 499
Pennsylvania avenue Northwest, is
being used by Federal agency, but
probably will be released to the
library trustees within the next
twelve months. Meanwhile, $500 900
is solicited to begin construction of
the second and third units.
But even when the new Central
Library has been finished and inau-
gurated into service, there still will
be need for consistent development
of the Public Library's facilities in
the residential areas of the city. 1t
is implicit in modern library science
to "go to people where they are"
Schools and churches similarly are
placed at strategic locations. The
demand for a branch library in the
Cleveland Park neighborhood had
dramatic demonstration when $50 900
voluntarily was raised toward the
cost of the desired site Included in
the 1947 budget request is the sum
of $577,500 for construction work in
Anacostia and Pleasant Plains as
we'll as in Cleveland Park. Sites for
branches in the Brookland and
Tenley sections and elsewhere also
are covered in the library trustees
overall appeal.
Meanwhile, the day-to-day service
OF the whole library organization of
Washington goes on. During the
war the demand of the public for
such help as the library could and
did give increased in almost the
exact ratio of the development of
the Nations effort for victory.
Thousands of strangers, some of
them in the Capital for only brief
periods, sought the library with a
great variety of questions. And the
residential community applied for
assistance in continuing volume
never before manifested. What Is
even more significant, however is
the fact that the end of the war has
added to the demand. Library
officers say: People have more
leisure now. That means they want
more books" They likewise desire
skilled guidance in their reading.
Very few are satisfied to be ION their
own" That is why the library
trustees are asking for funds to pay
the wages of specialized advisers and
reference workers in vocational and
recreational fields of interest.
Nothing experimental appears in
the library budget request. AS in
other cities, the library system of
Washington responds to public
requirements and those requirements
are certain to grow with increasing
population and especially with the
steady characterization Of learning.
There once was time when libraries
were private luxuries, but that time
has passed.
Evening star., 1945-09-25
Mop-Mukinq and the Atom

1OOAl 4Ol OOuOI Glldt tllc COUNCIL Oh
Foreign Ministers has failed to reach
agreement on any major issue. This
is undeniably disquieting. but in
some ways 1t seems slightly unreal
And it seems unreal because hag-
Cling over boundaries and over trus-
teeships and the divvying-up of ter
ritories all sounds like something
from another century-an anachro-
nism of sorts in the new age OF
atomic power.
With the world what it is now,
boundaries and territories no longer
mean what they used to mean. They
are still important, of course, and
statesmen must deal with them, but
they are not the kind of problem
they were so or 100 years ago. In
a strategic sense. their meaning
began to change with the coming of
air power-a fact made abundantly
clear in the very first stages of the
war that has just ended But air
power itself, which has played such
decisive role in depriving map
making of it's old significance, today
is overshadowed by the far more
revolutionary wonders of radar and
the harneSsed atom, which together
render obsolete most past concepts
OF border-flxed security and empire
life lines.
What we are entering upon is an
age in which every major country
will be capable of producing atomic
bombs far more terrible than the
fantastically terrible ones that fell
on Hiroshima and Nagasaki It is
an age in which it will be possible
for men to send these bombs in the
form of rockets travelling at super
sonic speed. from any part of the
world to any part Of the world From
a security standpoint. what can a
boundary mean in such circum-
stances? What can mere territory
mean? The problem to which the
Council of Ministers has been ad-
dressing itself is problem so
changed that the basic approach to
it must be changed as well.
1t would be too much to expect Of
any statesman. however wise, that
he should know at this instant the
perfect approach. for there has not
been enough time to understand or
see all the potentialties of the new
era ahead. But one thing is grimly
obvious. AS Sir Stafford Cripps,
president of the British Board Of
Trade, has just declared, "The
atomic bomb should hang like the
sword of Damocles forever over our
heads until such time as we
have satisfied ourselves that we have
some effective means to remove its
danger. We must get out of
our minds any idea that world or
ganization and world cooperation
are utopian ideas which are not
practical. They provide the one
practical and possible alternative to
world destruction
Up to now. the approach to the
problem of boundaries and terri
tories by the Council OF Foreign
Ministers has reflected the spirit of
times long past when men and ma
tions had no atomic bomb to con-
slider To change this approach, the
spirit will have to be changed, and
to change the spirit whole peoples
as we'll as individual statesmen will
have to come to a full awareness of
the most awesome reality in the
history of mankind-the reality that
a sword of Damocles does, in fact,
hang over all Of us and that the
literal destruction of the worlds life
can take place a generation or two
from now if we persist in clinging
to the international map-making
practices Of a dead age.
Evening star., 1945-09-25

Disasrees With MIR. Sperry
To the Editor of The Star:
wish to dissent with J. ]. Sperry's
letter Of September 20 in which he
manifests his preconscious opinion con-
corning the utilization Of the atomic
bomb.
Mr.. sperry asserts that America
should be condemned on the same basis
as Germany and Japan "for mistreat-
ing the helpless and innocent"
Meanwhile, newspapers, magazines
and radio commentators continuously
have been acclaiming the use Of the
atomic bomb. Since when has it be-
come an iniquity to kill several thou
sand japanese in order to spare the
lives Of million Americans who, with
out the aid Of the atomic bomb, would
have perished?
RABBI GEORGE RosENTHAL.
Evening star., 1945-09-25
Wicked Little Men

To the Editor OF The Star
Sixty million jobs are not enough
America can produce more jobs, 50
many more that we again will open
wide our doors to the millions who
want to enter, not as any favor but
because We will need them to man our
expanding industries and growing farm
lands.
We have too much faith in Americas
destiny to let the little men or the
greedy men, either through lack Of
vision or the rapacious grasping for
superprofits, drag her down to unem-
ployment and relief.
Our country has not felt the blows
Of bombs, our factories have not been
destroyed, our homes still stand, our
farms with their tools and livestock
have not been burned or sacked, and
our loss in lives is small compared to
Russia's or China's.s
Our President has given Congress 4
program whose points, if carried out
without being adulterated or emascu-
lated, will continue the progress we
have made during the war. We now
are facing the same challenge as We
did during the war when President
Roosevelt called for $4,000 planes =
year-and the little men and the grasp
ing men said mo" but the people said
"yes." RICHARD STEIN.
Evening star., 1945-09-25
The VitoI Question

From st. Louis Post-Dispatch.
Goering could tell Hirohito that, when
people at home begin asking, where's
the air force?" things are really getting
seriouk
Evening star., 1945-09-25
Question for Mr.. Somerville

To the Editor Of The Star:
This writer is fascinated by one pas
sage in a nice letter from Boiling SOM
erville which appeared in The Star Sep
tember IT: Where would Hitler's
armies be today if Britain, finding her
self deserted by all, had decided she had
fought the battles of other peoples long
enough?"
Other peoples, Mr.. Somerville? Oh,
come now.
DAN MACMILLAN, Sp. sc,
u. 8. C. G. r,
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-09
House Republicans
Will Meet Next Week

WASHINGTON, Sept. 8.-tR-
House republicans, hopeful of win
ming control of their branch of con-
gress next year. will hold a party
poW-Wow next week to discuss a
legislative program aimed in that
direction.
The 100 COP. members will as
semble in the house chamber fri
day afternoon at the call of their
leader, Joe Martin of Massa-
chusetts. They will exchange ideas
on what legislation they should get
behind and what they should op-
pose.
Out of the conference and pro-
badly later meetings they expect
to bring program which will get
them some votes in the 1916 con-
gressional elections.
The thin strips of wood used to
stiffen the aft or outer edge of
sails are called battens.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-09
liz Men Lost Aboard
IT, S. Escort Destroyer

WASHINGTON, Sept. g. @-
The destroyer escort Underhill
lost 112 men, including 10 of her
IA officers, when she was sunk
by a pack of midget submarines
off Southern Luzon last July "a,
the Navy reported today. Her to-
tai complement was 238. The loss
of the vessel was announced Aug.
10, and additional details were
disclosed today with the safe ar
rival of survivors in the United
States.
Two of the six attacking Japa-
nese subs were sunk in the battle,
and the Underhill's casualties re
suited from an explosion which
followed the ramming of the Sec
ond sub
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-09
Burton Named Head
Of Motor Carriers

MYRTLE BEACH, S. c., Sept.
S-lP-C. S. Burton Of Green
vile, N. c., was elected presi-
dent and several other officers
named today in concluding ses-
sions of the annual convention of
the North Carolina Motor Carriers
Association.
Gov. Gregg Cherry, who was 70
have been guest of honor at a
banquet tonight, was unable to
attend because of conflicting en-
gagements. However, guests in
Guided Gov. Ransome J. Williams
Of South Carolina, w. W. Good
man, head Of the S. C.. public
service commission; and J. S..
williamson, chief highway COM
missioner of South Carolina.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-09

General Harry1J. Collins, stated;
;"As Battery Commander, Captain
Cobb was responsible for the anti
aircraft defense of an extended
area during a period of rapid
movement requiring wide -disper-
sal and frequent displacement of
his three platoons. In spite of the
divergent missions Of his platoons,
and uncertain communications,
Captain Cobb mainta ned contact
and control BY. close personal SUI
perwsion, often. driving in black
out over .unsWept roads in areas
not entirely cleared of-the enemy.
His professional ability and lead
Fership were important factors In
the combat success of his battery
Entered military service from
Lou;sburg. North Carolina"