davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-12
Allies Told To Sink
All Enemy Submarines
Who Fail To Surrender

WASHINGTON, May H. WI-
Although all German submarines
have been ordered to give them
selves up under the terms of I'M
conditional surrender, some OF
them may try to reach Japan.
A Naval spokesman disclosed
tonight that some German U-boats
already have surfaced and reveal
ed their position and others have
contacted. Allied escorts sent to
meet them. AS yet, no underseas
craft has come into an American
port.
The terms of surrender require
submarines to surface, fly a black
flag above their ensign and report
their position to the Allies.
In response to a question, the
spokesman told newsmen that if
any submarine does not carry out
the terms of surrender or shows
any hostile action, it undoubtedly
will be sunk by the Allies.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-12
M0RE'D0UCHB0YS !
REACH MINDANA0
New Move |. Underway To
Entrap Japs In !
Philippine. -

MANILA, Saturday, May In
Strong elements of the U. S.
40th Division have made a land.
ing on the north coast of -Minda.
mao island in a new move to en.
trap the principal Japanese force
rem raining in the southern Philip.
pines.
This was the third landing ON
Mindanao to be made by Ameri.
can forces. In announcing the op.
Grafton, Gen. Douglas Macarthur
said today it had landed in the
rear Of an enemy force and caught
it out Of position.
This enemy force, in the inter.
ior province of Bukidnon, has been
threatened by the second Yank
landing contingent which had been
moving northward from its beach.
heads on the southwestern coastal
area.
Besides being surprised by the
10th Division attack, the Japanese
elements had their local defenses
disrupted by Guerrillas. The new
move, Macarthur reported, left
them incapable Of serious resist
ance."
This puts the Bukidnon enemy
between two converging Yank
forces, one moving up from the
south and the other down from the
north. The new landing force
quickly consolidated its beach DO.
sitions and drove four miles in.
land.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-12
B-29'S HAMMER
JAP HOMELAND
Vital S e aplane Factory,
Airfields Are Re-
ported Hit

GUAM, Saturday, May 11.-R-
American Superforts are zowing
Japan's harbors and inland sea with
mines in a gigantic operation tc
disorganize Nippon's shipping
while fleets Of BIOS hammer the
enerny's homeland factories and
airfields.
The big bombers SPAWNED the sea
from their Marianas islands bases
yesterday in three attacks on the
empire islands, hitting vital sea.
plant factory in the Kobe area or
Honshu island and airfields on
Kyushu.
Maj. Gen. Curtis E. Lemay, COM
mander of the 21st Bomber Com.
mand, said the Superforts started
on March 9th the first attempt
in military history to lock mari
time nation in a complete aerial
mine blockade.
The B-29s, each carrying around
10 tons Of mines, in nearly a dozen
missions have planted the explo-
sives in the inland sea and the
narbors Of Tokyo, Nagoya and 9TH
err major japanese cities.
Operations to plant the mines
and maintain a close reconnais-
sance, to replace explosives swept
up by the japanese, are directed
by Brig. Gen.. John H. Davies Of
Piedmont, Calf, with the coopera.
ton Of the Navy which supplies
the mines.
Aside from attempting to lock
Japanese Naval units in their bas-
es, the mining missions also are
aimed at Hamstringing commercial
craft. American officials estimated
that rs per cent of all Nippon S
transportation is waterborne.
Nearly $50 Superforts yesterday
blasted the Kawanishi seaplane
plant near Kobe only a few hours
after 400 B-29s had devastated ia
pans oil reserves and fuel plants
at Tokuyama and Otake, on Hon
shu, and at Oshima.
A smaller fleet Of the giant bonn
bers also attacked the Oita and
Eaeki airfields on Kyushu island,
and late ranother force of around
SO BIOS bombed the Kyushu in
dustrial cities of Miyakanojo and
Nittigahara, and the oft-hit Miyas-
aki airfield.
In Washington, the Goth Airforce
headquarters said yesterdays at
tack on the Kawanishi plane plant
was by visual means as well as
instrument, and that results were
good" All planes from both this
mission and from the attack by
the smaller fleet on airfields on
Kyushu island returned safely,
headquarters said. There was little
opposition from enemy aircraft al
though considerable anti-aircraft
fire was reported.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-12
FOUR DIVISIONS
ENTER CAMPAIGN
JAPS COUNTER
More Than 40 Enemy
Planes Shot Down,
Nimitz Reports

GUAM, Satur lay, May 12.-Rt-
Four divisions of the 10th U. S.
Army launched the strongest att
tack of the 41-day old OkinaWa
campaign shortly after dawn yes.
terday despite numerous Japanese
counterattacks by land and air
throughout the preceding night.
A series of enemy aerial attacks
on American shore installations
and ships lying off Okinawa dam.
aged three small naval units, Fleet
Adm. Chester w. Nimitz said in
today's communique.
More than 40 attacking planes
were shot down.
On land, practically all Of the
attacking japanese were killed."
Nimitz reported. The enemy made
several night assaults on American
front lines and number Of at.
tempts at infiltration. AL were
frustrated.
Maj. Gen. Lemuel C. Shepherd,
Jr.'s Sixth Marine Division, which
the previous day bridged the Asa
river estuary, paced the ground
offensive, advancing 800 yards to
within 1000 yards Of Naha, Okis
nawa's bomb and shen-shattered
capital
In the center, these Leathernecks
and 77th Division Army troops
gained heights dominating Shuri,
medieval fortress city called the
key to the Japanese defense sys.
tenn.
All four Of the assaulting div.
sions-the First and Sixth Marine
and 77th and 96th Army-were
fairly fresh outfits. The 96th had
about weeks rest and the other
three moved into the lines about
a week ago.
Mai. Gen. Archibald v. Arnold's
18th Army Division presumably
hads been relieved from the east
coast by the 96th Division after 40
days of tough fighting in the line.
Tactically, the most important
gains were made in the center by
tank-led troops of the First Ma
rine and 77th Army divisions. They
fought the Japanese hand to hand
in rough, high ground before Shu-
ri. Maj. Gen Pedro A. Del Valle's
First Division Leathernecks oc-
cupied the village of Dakeshi near
Naha.
Nimitz also reported 612 Japa-
nese were killed Thursday, in-
creasing enemy dead on Okinawa
to 39,469.
He disclosed Navy casualties
from start of the Ryukyus cam.
paign March 10 through We5nes-
day totaled $3.50. These were l..
283 officers and men killed, 3,498
wounded and 2,072 missing.
His last report on Navy casual.
ties, May 2, listed 1851 total cas-
[ualties, including 1,131 killed.
Navy bornbers sank two small
cargo ships and one coastal car
go vessel, fired four small cargo
ships and a coastal vessel and
damaged several fishing craft and
Continued on Page Five; Col. ~
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-12

terday: eve must be sure that nc
soldier is sent to the Pacific who
has fought in both North Africa
and Europe. 1t may be that some
soldiers in this category will not
have sufficient points to be eligible
for discharge.
However, these men should be
retained ins&the European theateT
for occupation as they should not
|be required to fight another cam
paign."
Meanwhile, Americas war eff
fort in the European theater slip
ped into reverse today when the
Army put into effect its vast re-
deployment plan to switch the
bulk of fighting men in this thea
ter to the Pacific.
Already some American service
troops were moving toward French
ports. beginning the long trip
which will carry them to the Pa
cific. Combat troops will begin
moving in about six months.
For the first time in history"
said supreme headquarters
statement, victory does not mean
Rehabilitation of the temporary
citizen army.
with another war still to be
fought, many units which saw ac-
ton here are preparing to fight
again half way around the world"
"R" Day will make the begin
ming of tabulation of individual adj
justed rating cards, which will de-
termine who shall fight and who
shall go home. Soldiers who have
done enough toward conquering
Germany to rate IS points on their
cards will just about have ticket
home, and units will Immediately
begin training men to replace
them.
Gen. Eisenhower sent a letter to-
CONTINUED On Paro Twn. Co1 II
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-12
Possible Meeting Of Big Three Seen

prime mover in attempting to ar
range the consultation, but both
Mr.. Truman and, possibly to a
lesser extent, Stain were under
stood to be eager for a face-to-
face threshing out of problems.
1t was thought likely that plans
for the meeting will be crystallized
within the next week or 10 days.
Russian Foreign Commissar v. M.
Molotov was expected to reach
Moscow early next week to report
to Stain on the San Francisco
meeting. ~
Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden
lis leaving this week end for Lon
don. He will pause briefly in Wash
ington to const.lt with Mr.. Tru-
man who has already had a film
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-12
MORE COASTWlSE
SHIPPING SOUGHT
Aid From Government |,
Sought By South At
lantic Ports
BY DAVID BRINKLEY
Wilmington Star-News
Washington Bureau

WASHINGTON, May la com
mittee from the South Atlantic.
Florida Ports conference today
formally requested the government
to help re-establish coastwise ship
ping, either through temporary
subsidy to ship operators or by
an arrangement like that under
which the nation runs its wartime
shipping overseas.
A resolution to that effect was
drafted after a two-day conference
at which members from North and
South Carolina, Georgia and Flor
ida sought to increase the volume
of shipping moving through their
ports.
J. T. HERS, Of Wilmington, vice
president of the conference, was
a member, of the three-man COM
mittee which called on the War
Shipping Administration and the
Maritime commission with reso-
luton pointing out that coastwise
shipping is a valuable component
of the war effort, an aid to main
tenance of employment, and a pro-
lection for "vast amounts of pub
Lie and private investment
HERS said ship operators told
the conference they could not OPP
crate their .coastWise lines with
out government aid because of in
creased costs of labor and mate
rails "even if the ships were CIV
en- to them" One operator said
some of his labor costs have in
creased 400 percent since the war
started, making it. impossible to
operate with freight rates pegged
where they are. .
They said the only way adequate
service can be maintained now is
by government subsidy or by hav-
ing the government retain them
as its operating agents as it does
with lines carrying war supplies
overseas.
All such government aid, it was
emphasized, will be temporary.
After the war, presumably, the
CONTINUED on Page Two; Col. y
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-12

on the Polish situation from w.
Averell Hartman and Sir Archi-
bal Clark Kerr, the American
and British ambassadors to Mos
cow.
Hartman and Clark Kerr expect
to consult with Churchill in London
and also, probably, with former
Polish Premier Stanislaw Mikola-
jczyk before reaching Moscow.
It was reported that Secretary Of
State Edward r. Stettinius, Jr.,
was considering a hasty trip back
to Washington to consult with Pres
ident Truman but there was no
indication that he planned to ac-
company Eden on the British Sec
retary's flight east.
While a large proportion Of the
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-12
JAP DRIVE ON U.S..
AIRBASE SMASHED
Countera ttacks Along
Hun an Province
Termed Prelude

CHUNGKING, May II ~ The
smashing of the Japanese drive on
the U. S. airbase at Chihkiang and
counterattacks along the entire Hr-
nan province front are but pre-
ludes ''to a general Chinese coun-
ter offensive, an Army spokesman
declared tonight.
Already, the high command de-
clared, Chinese troops are six miles
northwest Of Poaching, the big HUI
nan province base 125 miles east
Of Chihkiang from which the Jap
anese mounted their Inflated drive.
The north and south pincers OF
broad Chinese movement closed
on the main highway about 40
miles west of Paoching, trapping
large numbers Of the enemy, the
spokesman declared.
The Japanese threw in reserves
in an attempt to h< this counter
drive, trying to salvage something
from the wreckage of their Chin
kiang campaign. Chihking is $50
miles southeast Of Chungking.
The Chinese estimated that one
third of the 10000 enemy soldiers
who began the march on Chin
kiang April 9 Had been killed or
wounded, much higher figures than
those from the front by Associated
Press Correspondents Clyde Farms
worth.
Simultaneously, it was disclosed
that Chinese troops who long have
been standing watch on communist
controlled territory in Shensi prov
inee had gone into action against
the Japanese.
These troops, the spokesman
said, were attacking from three
sides in an attempt to retake the
Hupeh province air base city of
Laohokow, $50 miles northeast of
Chungking.
These forces are under the COM
mand of Gen. HUI Tsung-Nan, one
Of Generalissimo Chang Kai-Shek' S
most trusted lieutenants.
Severe fighting was in progress
Continued on Page Five; Col. s.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-12

to be officially delineated. General
Clay will be his deputy in both
capacities.
The Army announcement said
Clay was hand picked by Presi-
dent Roosevelt for the direction
of the occupation of Germany" It
described him as "a tough minded
soldier with thorough understand
ing and experience in the balance
between military necessity and
civilian requirements
A former director of nateriel
for the Army Service Forces, Clay
was director for war programs in
the Office of War Mobilization and
reconversion before he went to
Europe in April. In Washington he
was generally credited with spon-
,sorship of several of the tougher
civilian breakdown orders which
emanated from the office Of War
CONTINUED On Page Two; Col. ~
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-12
100000 NAILS
MAY Be PUNISHED
Little Chance For Doenitz
To Escape Fate, Re-
port Says

LONDON, May IL Up Penal
ties for Germany's war atrocities
concentration camps, slave Ia
Dor, enforced prostitution n d
planned starvation = may be i'm
posed on 100000 to 5000, 900 of
the conquered Reich's population
in the form of personal punish
ment, it was learned today.
This estimate came from re-
sponsible source close to the war
crimes commission.
He added that Rudolf Hess, one
time No. 2 Nazi had flew to Eng
land in 1871 on a reported peace
mission, fugitive hangman Helm
rich Himmler and Hermann Goer-
ing, captured Luftwaffe chief, all
were definitely on the United Ma
tons war criminals list.
The course said there was little
chance that Grand Admiral Karl
DoenitZ, who succeeded Adolf Hit
Ter as German Fuehrer, would es-
cape a similar fate. He held the
belief that Doenitz, chief of Nazi
U-boat warfare, would be held &C
countable for the machine-gunnin 6
of open, unarmed boats in villa
ton of the international rules of
war.
Meanwhile it was learned that
the question of setting up a tribu-
nal for the actual trial of war
criminals and their organizations
awaited the attention of the for
eign ministers of Britain, France,
Russia and the United STATES. The
problem originally was referred to
the Crimea conference, but was
shunted aside in favor of other
more immediate problems, such
as Poland.
simultaneously, it was establish
ed that neutral countries would
not be given the opportunity to
sit in judgment upon those accus-
ed of war crimes and that the
trials would be held in public to
impress on the Germans the mag
nitude of their crimes.
It was established that the war
crimes commission, which has
headquarters here, regards as
war criminals will those decreed,
directed or participated in policies
which resulted in planned under
nourishment, slave labor, concen-
tration camps and enforced pros
titution.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-12
CITES
GIANT !! AIR RAIDS
OVER 1000 PLANES
Mass BIG Attacks Plan
ned To Blast Enemy
In Pacific

LONDON, May 11.-W.D-Tar-
rifle air smashes at japan involv-
ing more than 1000 mammoth
Superfortress bombers were fore
seen today.
1t. Gen. James H. Doolittle, who
led the first raid on Tokyo three
years ago and whose Eighth U. S.
Air Force helped blast Germany
into submission, and his deputy
commander, Maj. Gen. Orvil A.
Anderson, discussed the Pacific
war at a press conference.
Anderson said he could envisage
attacks by more than 1000 B-29s,
it necessary, to crush Japan. He
said after the conference, however,
he thought it would be unnecessary
because he believed that the en-
envy would collapse before the
air offensive reached that size.
The biggest raid on japan so
was yesterdays 400-superfort at
tack.
Doolittle said he thought the
Pacific war would follow the pat
tern of the European war, with
steady weakening of Japan by
air power, followed by an over
towering land invasion.
my feeling is that we will con-
tinue to increase the size of our
air attacks against japan as we
can get airfields and crews" he
said. %
Redeployment Of the Eighth Air
Force, he explained, will be in
three directions. One part will re-
main in Europe as an "air army
Of occupation part will be sent
to the United States to be recon-
verted to reserve status, and the
ress willeso directly to the Pacific
as fast as they can be absorbed.
The big Flying Fortresses that
mad rubble out OF many German
district would have to play the role
of medium bombers in the
Pacific where the much larger
superfortresses have been shatter-
ing Japan, it was noted.
Augmented by planes from the
Eighth Air Force, the air offensive
against Japan might be able to
exceed that in Europe which some
times involved more than 1000
bombers.
Doolittle revealed that the
Eighth's maximum operational
strength was 2,4OO heavy bombers
and 1900 fighters scattered over
60 airfields, about 100000 men and
women served with the air force.
Anderson said air bases on Oki-
nawa, 300 miles from southern ia.
pan would when ready bring liberia
tor and Flying Fortress bombers
and Mustang and Thunderbolt
fighters within range Of 70 per
cent OF, Japan's war potential. Bas-
ing SYperforts on Okinawa will
permit one and one-half ton in
Continued ON Page Five Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-12

SAN FRANCISCO, May 11-WD
A Meeting of President Truman
Prime Minister Churchill and Mar
shall Stain, possibly in London, was
seen as increasingly likely at an
early date by World Security con-
ferees tonight.
The Big Three gathering was re-
garded as essential to dealing with
a host of pressing postwar issues
including several rising from Sc
curly deliberations here.
It was believed that arrange
ments for the meeting already
were in the preliminary stage but
no date had yet been fixed nor
any final decision made as. to the
place.
Churchill was believed to- be the
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-12

worlds top diplomatic personnel is
tied Up at the San Francisco con-
ference. this was not seen as a
bar to Big Three discussions. If
the Truman-C Churchill Stain con-
ference should be held while San
Francisco deliberations are contin-
uing, it was thought Stettinius
might remain here to handle con-
ference discussions while other dip
lomatic aides were called upon to
accompany Mr.. Truman.
There was strong British pressure
to hold the Big Three meeting in
London or on some British site.
None has yet been held on Brit
ish soil and Churchill has Travelled
Confined On Page Two; Col. u
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-12
YUGOSLAV PARTISANSa
TAKE AUSTRIAN TOWN

WITH THE BRITISH EIGHTH
ARMY IN AUSTRALIA, May II,
= up -Yugoslav partisans moving
into Southern Carinthia and StyrH
in an apparent effort to claiHl
parts of the two Austrian, prov
inces for Marshal Tito set up a
block on main road yesterday,
forcing the Eighth Army, to re-
route traffic temporarily as it
sought speedy occupation Of its
zone. @
In Voelkermarkt itself the par
tisans gave the town administra-
ton 80 minutes to leave and an
nounced they would administer
the municipality. ~
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-12
DOUGHBOKS OPEN STRONGEST
DRIVE TO CAPTURE OKZNAKA:
SMASHING AERIAL BLOW SEEN
Eisenhower To Head
Army Of Occupation

WASHINGTON, May 11.-tR-
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower and
1t. Gen. Lucius D. Clay were NAM
ed today to head the American
part Of a "stern'' military govern
ment in Germany.
Eisenhower will be top man In
the setup and Clay, officially de-
scribed as ''tough-minded," will be
chief deputy handling actual op-
erations. Among other things Clay
will supervise "the entire de-
Modification program and the
ruthless suppression Of under
ground activity.
In an outline of organizat1onal
plans for the occupation, the
Army announced that Eisenhower
will be American member of the
overall control council on which
Russia, Britain and France will
be represented. He will also be
military commander of the Amer
lean occupation zone, which is yet
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-12
Soviiets Cut
Enemy Units
In SIovakiia
JOIN YANK FORCES
Red Army Wrestles With
Nazi S a b o tage In
Ruined Berlin

LONDON. Saturday, May r.
10 Npussian armies, slicing up
Wi troops resisting Germany S
m Unconditional surrender in Czech
as,ovakia and northern Austria,
o soJe three functions with Ameri-
n n,rN forces yesterday while the Red
a.. .rnov wrestled with Nazi sabotage
IN r1Iined Berlin.
Soviet forces in the German cap
;ta1 hattled waves Of fires set by
N No, "werewolves" and extricated
. .tsD Indies of hundreds of German
civilians ,l;v from flooded subways
whore thew we're drowned in last
act Nazi terrorism.
" While fighting went on more
+ban three days after Germany 5
otticjal surrender, the Soviet high
command announced that along
fho entire former Eastern Front
100000 enemy prisoners had been
seized Wednesday through Friday.
The nightly Soviet war bulletin
revealed that the entire Courland
neninsula of Latvia had been &C.
eupied following the total surren-
der of German forces in the Batl-
Tic states, while the Vistula river
delta east of the port of Danzig
also was freed of enemy forces.
Forty five German generals
were among the thousands of Ger
man prisoners captured on all
fronts in the past three days, Mes
COW said.
In Czechoslovakia, Marshal Ivan
s Konevs first Ukrainian army
west of liberated Prague linked
with American troops near Roxy
cany, nine miles east of Pilsep,
while Marshal Rodion Y. MaliH
oysky's second Ukrainian army
also made linkup below Prague
in the area northwest of Ceske
Budejovice.
Malinovsky's troops also occu-
pied Gmuend and Zwettl in Aus
tria near the Austro Rlhemian
frontier As miles northeast of Ling.
The Germa an resistance IN
Czechoslovakia was being offered
by Field Marshal Ferdinand
Schoerners IN d d lie army
groups, but the Soviet command
threw powerful armored an d
storm forces into the battle to
wipe out the last Nazi pockets.
East of Prague, Gen. Andrei I.
Yeremenko's Fourth Ukrainian ar
my battle to close an escape cor
ridor for thousands of still-fight-
ing German forces north n d
northeast of the Czechoslovak cap
ital. Yeremenko's forces narrowed
the gap to 80 miles by capturing
Kolin, Kutna-Hora and Tabor.
In northern Austria, Malipov-
sky's troops forced the major part
of Col. Gen. Woehler's German
army group, fl ght ing under
Schoerner's overall command, to
surrender.
In the Czechoslovka capital of
Prague, German resistance had
ceased except for occasional rifle
fire from a few mad individuals"
which the Prague radio said still
were sniping at civilians and Red
army troops.
All German troops and civilians
were ordered to surrender their
Continued on Page Five; Col. g.