davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-09-08
Labor Pledge Ended
with Defeat Of Japan,
Green Tells President

Labor's no-strike pledge ended
with the defeat of Japan, President
william Green Of the American
Federation of Labor said yesterday
after a visit with President Truman.
Mr.. Green said he could not full
fill Mr.. Truman's request that Ia
bor and industry continue their ad-
herence to the wartime "no-strike
no-lockout" pledge, but promised
I'VE will try to work out some un-
derstanding with management to
minimize work stoppages."
He said he did not discuss the no.
strike question with the President
although there was reference to the
forthcoming labor or-management con-
ference. Mr.. Green said he called
on Mr.. Truman to congratulate him
on his message to Congress. The
message, he added, reflected "a
breadth and grasp Of our economic
problems in way we think is won
derful."
Meanwhile, Maj. Paul Douglas, Sc
lected by the Labor and Commerce
Departments to head a committee tc
arrange the labor Encouragement con.
ference, said he would start work
Immediately.
The 50-year-old Marine hero, hi.
arm in sling because of a wounc
received in the fighting on Okinawa
said he would call the committee to.
gether for its first meeting Monday
He expressed confidence that ar.
rangements for the big meeting
would be completed by Septembel
20. The conference will open here
on October 20 or November S.
Maj. Douglas expressed conviction
that his fellow Americans want M
more strife, either internal or ex.
ternal," and added II think all mer
of good will want labor and man.
agement to reach an agreement tha
will assure industrial peace ane
maximum production"
Maj Douglas resigned as pro.
fessor of economics at the Univer.
sity of Chicago in 1912 to enlist a!
a private. For II years before tha
he also served as an arbitrator il
the newspaper industry, handling
cases involving the Internationa
Typographical Union, the Press.
mems Union and the American
Newspaper Publishers Association
Evening star., 1945-09-08
Miss America to Be Selected
In Atlantic City Finals onight

Miss Lee Harriet Henson, Miss
Tennessee" Wednesday, and Miss
! Lee Wieland, Miss Chicago" Thurs
day Talent winners were Miss
Frances L. Dorm. Miss Birming-
ham" who tied with Miss Myerson
Wednesday; Miss Polly Ellis. Miss
California, Thursday, and Miss Ar
lene Anderson, Miss Minnesota, .
last night.
The CT contests which Miss My
erson won were participated in by
returned Army Air Forces veterans
stationed at the AAF redistribution
station here and by patients at the
Thomas NJ England General Hos
pital.
In the final judging tonight the
girls will appear again in bathing
suits and in evening gowns and dis
play their many and varied talents
which range all the way from the
singing of "Ah, Sweet Mystery of
Life to the designing of tropical
! clothing.
Evening star., 1945-09-08
Combat Veterans Man
Jap Equipment Show

The exhibit of captured japanese
combat equipment on Fifteenth
street. between Constitution ave-
nue. and E street NV, now is being
manned by 4S combat veterans from
every theater of operations, who act
as guides.
The free exhibit, open from noon
till 10 pm. through Monday, is
sponsored by the Interdepartmental
Savings Bond Committee in CO.
operation with the Army Air Forces
Public address systems have been
Installed and detailed description
of any item on exhibit will be given
by the specially trained attendants
Biggest headache to the CTS who
are guarding and acting as guides
to the exhibit are the children who
almost let the souvenir urge get the
best of them. Sergt. Lee Mullin
commando, and holder of the Silver
Star, after shooing small fry from
the Zero display, remarked on the
irony Of the situation.
I'VE spent three years destroying
this Jap stuff and now we knock
ourselves out preserving it." he said
Since the opening of the block
long display more than 10000 per-
sons have seen the fyable Zero
fighter, Nell and Betty bombers
uniforms, guns, field equipment,
engines. wing sections, fuel tanks
radio equipment and 5000 other
pieces of the Mikado's machine. o.
particular interest to visitors has
been the pair of Jap "gnatis" shoes
This piece of equipment, which has
no counterpart in our CT issue, Is
a low-cut rubber slipper with split
toes which was used to scamper uI
and down trees.
Evening star., 1945-09-08
ID. {. Health Officials
Seek Ways 10 Extend
Social Disease Work

Health officials have announced
that they will consider ways OF ex-
panding the Districts venereal dis
ease treatment facilities because
Of fear discharged servicemen will
add to their burdens
Officials met to discuss the prob
lem yesterday. DR.. Sidney Olanski,
director of the Rapid Treatment
Center at Gallinger Hospital, who
was not at the conference, agreed
that there was need for so per cent
increase of the 100-bed center.
Although officials said they have
assurances from the armed services
that soldiers would not be released
If diseased, it was pointed out this
was offset by those who have con-
tracted diseases after release from
the services.
DR.. Olanski said more than half
of the 40 men patients at the CEN
ter last month were veterans, where
as in the past there have been only
few veterans.
DR. Ben D. Chinn, acting director
of the Venereal Disease Bureau of
the Health Department, who met
yesterday with Health Officer Ruh-
land and DR.. James G. Cumming,
head of the Bureau of Preventable
Diseases, said expansion of services
at the Polk School and Southwest
Health Center was advisable.
Although shorthanded and with
OUT funds to enlarge the clinics, DR..
Chinn said the only recourse was to
extend clinic hours, even though it
was a strain on the personnel. How
ever, it was said release of service
doctors might afford some relief.
DR.. Chinn, in referring to the
work of the rapid treatment center,
said he felt its work in checking
early and infectious cases of the dis
ease had helped in bringing about
a so per cent drop in the number
of syphilis cases during the past six
months. The number of gonorrhea
cases, however, has gone up rs per
cent.
Evening star., 1945-09-08
CoIoneI's Son, a, Hit
And Injured by Truck

Robert E. Ayers, 4, son of 1t. Col
and Mrs. Alvin M. Ayers, 1885 South
Dakota avenue NE. yesterday suf-
fered possible conclusion when
struck by a truck while crossing the
street at Eighteenth and Monroe
streets NE, police said.
He was admitted to Casualty
Hospital for observation and was in
good condition today. attendants
said. Police listed the driver Of the
truck as Edmond Covington, IS
colored. of the TOO block of Second
street S.W,
Evening star., 1945-09-08
BS the Associated Press.

By the Associated ereSs.
ATLANTIC CITY, N. j., Sept. g.
The preliminaries were all over
and the stage was set for the grand
finals tonight of the annual Miss
America" contest.
Leading favorite among the corps
of 40 beauties who have contested
since Wednesday night for the title
of Miss America l945" was dark
haired Bess Myerson, 2l-year -old
New Yorker, who won one of the
three preliminary bathing suit con-
tests last night, tied for first in a
talent contest Wednesday night and
romped off with first places in spe-
cial events for the benefit of CTS
stationed here.
Bathing suit, evening gown and
talent winners were selected on
Wednesday, Thursday and Friday
nights, but names of the evening
gown winners were to be withheld
until tonight.
Other bathing suit winners were
Evening star., 1945-09-08
Ambassador Patterson
Flying Back to BELGRADE

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Sept. s.-Richard c
Patterson, jr., United States Am
bassador to Yugoslavia, left New
York today by Clipper for Belgrade
Mr.. Patterson, who returned to
the United States two months age
for consultations, expressed conf
dence that the Yugoslav people
would solve their political problems
in due time"
They need all kinds of economic
help" he added. About rs per cent
of the rolling stock, farm equipment
and live stock was stolen by the
Germans and the rehabilitation
period is going to be terrific"
Evening star., 1945-09-08

Japan-rather than for invasion of
the United States.
After Pearl Harbor, at the start
OF the war our efforts met with sue
cess" Imamura related Our SUBJ
marines showed excellent results.
They patrolled easily all the way to
the coast of the United States.
You ask why we didn't shell some
coastal United States city rather
than Fort Stevens and Santa Bar
bara Oil tanks. At Santa Barbara
1t was our decision to shell oil tanks
because we felt them important war
assets. So it was with Fort Stevens.
We didn't use these attacks to ter
rorize your people, but to strike war
blows"
Comdr. Tamori Yoshimatsu, sub
marine commander and member of
the Military Affairs Bureau who was
present with Imamura, said Amer
ican invasion of the Solomons played
havoc with japanese submarine war
fare, because the Solomons provided
bases for American planes which
could protect conveys.
Most Subs Lost to Planes.
Imamura noted that the majority
of the 126 submarines lost were sunk
by aerial attack. He also remarked
ruefully that he commanded the
cruiser Kiso, sunk under him in
Manila Bay by six direct bomb hits.
I'VE started the air war at Pearl
Harbor and Singapore, but made
the mistake of not following those
tactics" Imamura concluded.
I'm my opinion, the defeat of our
fleet at Midway, where we lost four
aircraft carriers, was the turning
point of the war.
I'm the later period of the war
we did not have enough planes and
had to send out a few instead of
many"
Yoshimatsu said that, in addition
to submarines already surrendered,
Japan has others in Kure and
Sasebo bases which will bring the
total turned over to the United
States control to so.
Bismarck Sea Greatest Shock.
The battle of the Bismarck Sea.
when Allied planes sank an entire
convoy of at least 10 warships and
IL transport-cargo ships with 15.0G0
troops aboard, was the greatest
shock of the war to the Japanese
Navy, Admiral Takata said yestef-
day in Yokohama
Speaking through an Interpreter
at press conference, the japanese
admiral said of the historic March
2-6, 1943, action near Lac, New
Guinea:
You undereStimated when you
guessed % ships were sunk there
I don't know the exact number, but
I think it was between 80 and 40
None escaped"
Takata, interviewed at the quar-
ters of 1t. Gen. Barney M. Giles
deputy commander of the United
States Strategic Air Force, and Maj
Gen. Paul B. Wurtsmith, command
er OF the 18th Air Force, said the
Japanese thought their ships hao
been torpedoed.
Skip Bombing Employed.
But Gen. Wurtsmith told the
japanese no torpedoes were used by
the l55 Allied planes which de.
stroyed the convoy in the action
The Allied airmen employed ship.
bombing on wide scale for the
nrst time. The almost horizontal
course OF the bombs probably &C.
counted for the Japanese belief the
vessels were torpedoed.
American, Australian, British anc
Dotch myers participated in ths
action.
The final count, by American off
casl reports, was three cruisers
seven destroyers and 20 transport
and cargo ships sunk, with the is .oo
Evening star., 1945-09-08
Berlin (Md.) POW Camp
To Be Evacuated Nov. |,

BY the Associated Press.
BERLIN, Md, Sept. 8.-The Ger
man prisoner of war camp here will
be evacuated November l.
Only 1850 POWs will be retained
in Maryland after December !. and
about two-thirds of them will be
quartered at Camp Somerset, the
permanent base.
Evening star., 1945-09-08
JobIess Aid
Continued From First Page.

construction being placed on many
State laws that Federal increases
In State rates would disqualify work
ers for the State funds.
This provision was written into
most of the State laws, he said, tc
prevent a worker from getting
duplicate payments from another
State or the Federal Government
for any given week. He argued that
his bill does not constitute duplica-
ton, but contemplates the making
OF agreements with each State tx
supplement its rate schedule.
The West Virginia Senator pro-
duced legal opinion from the
Social Security Board to support
his Interpretation, but Chairman
George Of the Senate Finance Com.
mittee, in charge of the bill, OBJ.
served that "the States will in
terpret their own laws" and more
than a score of them have advised
the committee the Kilgore bill con-
f1icts with State provisions.
Referring to the alternative of
using Federal funds to spread exist
ing weekly rates over longer period
Senator Kilgore said:
There can certainly be no con-
fiict, once the State payments have
been exhausted, if the Federal Gov
ernment then goes In and augments
as to duration OF time up to rs
weeks -"
He also pointed out there could be
no legal objection to the Federal
Government covering Federal work
ers and members Of the merchant
marine, not covered by existing laws
Among those making final appeals
to the House committee yesterday
for the administration bill were
President William Green of the
American Federation of Labor, ano
David J. Mcdonald, secretary treas,
urer of the United Steel Workers ot
America (CIO).
Evening star., 1945-09-08

With him are Watertender 1ic
Hollis Scales, %, of 1404 Park road
NV, taken prisoner on Corregidor
and 1t. James w. Condit, 3518
Quesada street.
The Washington men are three
of "a liberated Navy and Marine
prisoners of war to arrive in Oak
land, after being flown home across
the Pacific by Navy Air Transport
planes, according to the Associated
Press.
Evening star., 1945-09-08

over K y u S h u,
j a p n, la S t
M a r C h , / s in
Oakland, Calf.
today and ex-
poets to be flown
to Washington
in a day or two.
His mother,
Mrs. Mary Cath
crime Curtain,
received a tele-
phone call from
him last night.
He said he was
in good health
d e S pite fiv e
months in a Jap
,ricor roron
Evening star., 1945-09-08

Nipponese soldiers wiped out. One
Allied bomber and three fighters
were lost.
The victory reduced the Japanese
threat against Australia, and fig
ured In the success Of the Ameri-
lcan-Australia campaign up the New
Guinea coast.
Evening star., 1945-09-08

At the beginning of the present
century. the output of the pulp
and paper industry in Canada was
valued at about 100000. In 1943,
the value had reached $345, 500 900.
Evening star., 1945-09-08
) Liberated D. {. Navy Men
Expected Home in Few DAYS

Aviation Radioman &c Edward
G. Curtin, 81, member of the flight
crew of the carrier Bennington, who
bailed out of Curtiss Helldiver
Evening star., 1945-09-08
Chino

tCOnClnueQ from F1fSt Page.)
road runs through the pass. Still
another Communist dispatch said
troops of the new 4th Communist
Army were approaching the west
railroad station at Shanghai. There
was no confirmation of either OF
these reports.
Evening star., 1945-09-08
JuDs

Continued From First Page J
Evening star., 1945-10-28

run orphanages throughout this country
How do you maintain discipline?" asked
the superintendent.
"You don't wallop them around - that's
old-fashioned," he said. "You just find out
what they like best, and deprive them of it.
Then you find out what they hate. and make
them do it. had one kid scrubbing floors
till he was as docile as kitten"
CanT Keep Money
HE children at this orphanage - as at
most of the Oliver Twist homes - are
allowed no money in their pockets. Any funds
they have, money given them by relatives,
usually, are kept by one of the house mothers
and the children may draw from their accounts
for certain approved expenditures. The
superintendent is basketball enthusiast and
when he wants to take in an afternoon game
Evening star., 1945-10-28

night, few l2-year-olds do occasionally.
asked the superintendent how he solved the
problem.
IF they confess, let them get away with
it," he said. That is, just make them take
their sheets down into the basement and give
them good washing out. But if they don't
confess, they're going to get punished - and
they know it."
What about prevention?" inquired.
.'Oh, yes" he replied assuredly, II look
out for that take chronic bed-wetter and
l don't give him single liquid after four
o'clock in the afternoon. He gets no water,
no soup for supper, no milk - nothing liquid.
That dries him, out pretty good, don't you
think?
But those kids are smart" he continued.
Il catch 'em when they brush their teeth at
bedtime - sucking water through the tooth
brush!'
Evening star., 1945-10-28

stores on the way home from school," he
added. I've seen what they'll do - they'll
ask the storekeeper for something in the back
of the store and while he's getting it they'll
steal his candy e every timep'
Every six weeks the Board of Directors
sits down in the chairs in the Board Room,
the best in the house and one which the chill
dren dare not enter The Board checks ex-
penses vetoes money for footballs and water
color paints, then devotes most of its time to
the important problem: Would it be advisable
Evening star., 1945-10-28

members of the staff as ''Mommie, Daddy"
Aunt" or Uncle" He said it was necessary
to set up barrier so they don't get too
familiar
They do get familiar enough to shine his
shoes three times day. to clean the wall
paper of his quarters and to grease his car.
And he could get familiar enough with them
to swear in their presence, which l heard
him do.
Remember - this is not just one isolated
example 1t is typical of at least 500 badly
Evening star., 1945-10-28

he gives generous
approval" tothe old
er boys who want to
90 with him. Of course
they draw on their own
funds to buy tickets.
Progressive institu-
tions have long since
realized that children
must have spending
money to grow up fit
for life in our society.
But as this superin-
tendent views it, "You
let these kids have
money and they'll do
nothing but steal from
each other, that's what
they'll do.
"I'm not letting
them stop in candy
Evening star., 1945-10-28

in the winter" In addition, the cheap roofing
leaks in heavy rain.
This is the sort of place where homeless,
parentless children are supposed to grow to
useful citizenship. Multiply it by 500 to get
the full picture. And many of the children
in homes like these are the sons and
daughters of men who gave up their
lives fighting for the U. S.
The nations 1,6OO orphanages house l5O,
600 children About half these institutions
are sectarian; the other half are non-seCta-
rian, run by local governments or private
foundations. Each group has orphanages it
can be proud Of But each group, too, has its
Oliver Twist homes In some areas, conditions
areworse than in others. But the total problem
is national one. The only way to progress
is to face facts exactly as they are. Typical of
the decadent third is the home | visited.
At dinner time the children again marched
into the mess hall, where the tables had no
tablecloths. In the center of the room, at
table with pretty cloth upon it, sat the
superintendent s own boy and girl. While the
others ate quietly, cleaning their plates to the
last bit because that's the rule), these two
dawdled with their food, often slipping from
their places to dart among the other tables.
Superintendents Kids Have Fun
Nor until the orphans had stacked their
plates in the center of each table and filed
out did the superintendent boy and girl
settle down to serious eating. For them, no
clean your -plate-or-else, no stacking of empty
dishes And while they ate, other children
scurried about cleaning up the mess hall.
Its a nice life for our kids" the superin-
tendent remarked. They can play with the
others when they feel like it, and when they
don't they can 60 to our private quarters
and play by themselves"
His own children had free run of the place.
Frequently, while the others looked on, they'd
jump upon his knee or demand kiss When,
at bedtime, some of the orphans reached up
with longing faces to kiss him good night, he
said to me- in their hearing, Il have to put
up with this nonsense"
Bed-wettng is a problem at this orphanage.
as it is at most OF the others. Some boys and
girls eight years old wet their beds every
Evening star., 1945-10-28

to get new gravel in the driveway next spring?
There is, of course, no mention of the
lavatories which need new plumbing, the
damp and smelly basement, or the fact that
eight children got lice in their hair last month.
But this orphanage is not even the worst of
such institutions in this country. The Russell
Sage Foundation's report, Institutions Serv-
ing Children" shows the following practices:
Many of the retrograde institutions skim
the cream off their milk so that the staff may
have it while the children get watery milk,
void of the butter fat they need so badly.
Slightly spoiled meat is purchased on occasion
to bolster the sagging budget or to effect
"deal'' with the favored butcher. Many
orphanages keep two qualities of food: good
food for the staff inferior food for the children.
But these obvious shortcomings are, per-
haps less serious than the starch diet of most
of the Oliver Twist houses. Too many superin-
tendents fill their children with potatoes and
bread, and as little meat as possible, so that
their weight charts will impress the board of
directors. Actually the children are badly
nourished.
Slaps the Childxen
ONE matron pastes an adhesive tape "L"
on the forehead of any child caught telling
lie (there's no more effective way of making
child into an habitual liar). Another house
mother slaps her children if they forget to say
their prayers. In northern orphanage chill
dren have been forced to kneel facing wall
for 30 minutes, or to hold their hands over
their heads for Is minutes.
Jobs as housemothers and house,
fathers are rated as ''unskilled work"
as if it took more skill to mold an iron
pipe than it does to mold living child.
Apply for a job as a housefather at retro
grade institution, as I did to get the facts
about wages, and you are offered $50 to SIS
month and your keep. Work up to. superin-
tendent of a small orphanage and you might
get room and board and $500 year, the
wage of an experienced truck driver.
When l applied for work as housefather
l was frequently asked, Can you do any
plumbing?" or Are you a handynan?"
Never was asked what l knew of sociology
Continued on page II
Evening star., 1945-10-28

1t seemed almost
hopeless to point out
what modern medicine
has discovered about
enuresis, bed-wetting:
that it stems from emo
tional difficulty, that it
cannot possibly be
cured by punitive or
repressive measures
any more than pun
ishment cures chicken
pox, that orphans are
more prone to it be-
cause of their extra
emotional burdens.
For these love-
starved children the
superintendent had a
rule against addressing
Evening star., 1945-03-30
loan Davis
In Comedy
AT the Met

SHE GETS HER MAN" a Universal
picture with John Davis, produced by War
rem Wilson, directed by Erie c. Kenton.
original screenplay by Warren Wilson and
Clyde Bruckman. At the Metropolitan.
THE rAST