davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1945-02-16
The Swiss System
Prevents War

man, familiar with military duties
and weapons and competent in their
handling, and to make him physi-
cally strong and sound.
Then he goes back to civilian life
and stays there, entirely free to pur-
sue his education or take up career
and in all other ways to have a per-
fectly normal life in democratic
country.
Thereafter, he takes ere
fresher" military course for few
weeks each year until he is &c, and
similar courses at less frequent in
tervals and for shorter times until
he is 40
At no time is his military training
more than an interruption in his
normal civilian life, and even then
scarcely more of an interruption than
the vacations common in educational
and professional fields would be.
SWITZERLAND has had this sys-
- tenn for hundreds of years, has
kept out of war for the entire span
of those yearS-and has remained
truly democratic country.
When the present war started,
Switzerland had a total population
of only slightly more than four mil
lion people, but every able bodied
man was trained soldier.
Within two days, an army of
650,000 trained soldiers was on the
Swiss borders.
And although Switzerland was
directly in the path of war and its
territories and resources were
frankly coveted by the aggressor ma
tions, not one hostile move was ever
made against her.
That is obviously successful
way to keep democracy and at the
same time keep out of war.
Why have the American people
refrained from adopting that system,
since those are our own objectives7
Why do we still hesitate to
adopt it?
Of course we may always be able
to stay democratic and win the wars
we are drawn into or blunder into.
But why do we not utilize our
opportunities, as the Swiss do, to
preserve democracy and PREVENT
war?
Detroit evening times., 1945-02-16
10 1.-THE EDITOR s
ATT: Richard WiSzD

AIT. RlCnarO NlSZ.D
| OBJECT. POLAND as a nation
4 never helped defend other
countries without some ulterior
motive attached.
At one time she had a dream
OF a great Polish empire "ot
NORA do mora" from sea TO
sea- from the Baltic Sea To the
Black Sea basin.
After the Polish troops aided
the White Latvians 10 drive the
Red Latvians from Latgale in
1920 the Poles remained suS-
piciously long. II was disclosed
that the good neighbors" had
historical claims" 10 Latgale
which had al one time belonged
10 the Polish state before being
annexed 10 Russia. The Lat
vians got rid of their unwelcome
guests.
Following this. under the pre-
text that Wilma was PilsudSki's
birthplace, the capital of young
Lithuania was occupied at mid
night on Oct. 8, 1920, by mill
tary forces. This occurred after
a treaty was signed by both
Lithuania and Poland. This
treaty provided that both par
ties would cease military oper-
ationS and that wilma would
remain in the boundaries Of
Lithuania. The claims for this
Detroit evening times., 1945-02-16
LETTERS TO EDITOR

occupation were disguised ef-
forts TO bring the whole Lithu-
ania under Polish dominance.
In 1897, the Polish authorities
undertook 10 close the one
Lithuanian culture society in
Wilma. The Lithuanian daily
newspapers were banned. Local
Lithuanian leaders were ar
rested BY these actions Poland
threatened TO bring 10 a halt
the development of Lithuanian
culture. Which 10 my mind can
only be interpreted as destruc-
ton and annihilation.
The Poles never abandoned
the dream of gaining control
over the whole Baltic area. OF
Lithuania's neighbors, Russi1
was the one who expressed did
pleasure at the Polish rape OF
LIthuania. And as many times
as she had the good fortune. and
! call II just that. to repartition
Poland. Wilma was ceded TO
Lithuania.
If Lithuania had 10 choose
between Poland and Russia as
her oppressor. ! am sure
would make no mistake in say
inc she would. without hesita-
tion choose Russia.
Mr. Wis.,, maybe you had bet
ter read The Baltic Riddle" by
Gregory Meiksins.
ANNE yIRBICKI.
Detroit evening times., 1945-02-16

THE Hearst newspapers have al
l. ways believed that a permanent
peacetime program of compulsory
military training, patriotically con-
ceived and democratically sustained,
is desirable for the welfare of the
United States and essential to its
security.
These newspapers have often
suggested that the democratic Swiss
nation has long had such a program,
and has achieved by that means the
very things we most desire-peace
within its own borders without i'm
pairment of it's democratic way of
life.
Long before the present war, the
Hearst newspapers advocated adop-
tion of the Swiss system in the
United States as way of keeping
out of war.
But it was not adopted, and we
did not keep out of war.
DY CONCENTRATING all our
ID resources and energies upon the
task, and by utilizing the time for
preparation fortunately available to
us, we have succeeded in building up
the most formidable military organ
ization in the world and are now win
ming the war with it.
Thus we have proved once more
that we are able to win the wars we
get into.
But we have still not found a way
to keep OUT of war and it is for that
reason that the Hearst newspapers
propose once more that we re
examine the Swiss system.
In Switzerland, when a young
man reaches the age of 19 and is
physically fit he Immediately and
automatically undergoes a period of
intensive military training-varying
according to the branch of service
involved but averaging under four
months.
His training has nothing to do
with politics or ideologies.
1t is not a substitute for his
normal education, and it is not con.
cerned with the development of his
natural inclinations and his acquire
ment of skill in the civilian trade or
profession Of his choice.
1t is training for one thing only
to make him proficient fighting
Detroit evening times., 1945-02-16
WHAT DO YOU KNOW?

the Ohrs River or the Oder
River or bOth7
5-Nhch two u. 6 states led
i1 petroleum production in
1882
6-Osl What is The present nor
NAL tax lhl What is the
range of the slrtaX7
Z Name the states in their cor
rect order from north 10
south OF North Dakota
= VIII all dry wood float in
water?
answers on opposite pAge)
Detroit evening times., 1945-02-16

an Amazon. YOU are inclined
10 be a ta) sleepy woman,
th) masculine woman, (c)
weeping woman.
3--The circle on the japanese
flag is la) white, tb) blue.
tcl red
THE boxer. Gentleman Jim" a"
had the last name Of Ca Sui
livan, lb) Corbett, (c) Demp-
Soy.
5-"Lese majesty means: Ca)
God save the king, (b) a
crime against the sovereign
power, Co down with roy
atty.
6-MatCh these columns cor
reCtly They 60 together.
ff PNll9 ly. chase % Nsryland
.r earur! IuH W1c1t of Clnnecticut
.U. Jttsfr IK. CIywer ~ pcnngylyania
= George Ir. ilNrfsfrne % New YORK
CO. ohftf 10 Rodney 81 Delaware
(Answers on opposite pAge)
Detroit evening times., 1945-02-16
Brain Game

1-George Ade was known as
what
What have the following
plays in common; CraIgs
Wife. Strange Irterlude
Street Scene The Greer Pas
lures. You Can't Take T.
With You ?
3-Do you recall: ta) The teams
which participated in The
world series which was later
established as crooked tb)
the year OF the series7 tci
who became baseballs high
commissioner as a result?
4-On their drive into Germany
did the Russian armies cross
I1-C The DETROIT TIMES
- tcAC
Detroit evening times., 1945-02-16
knowledge Test

l-E.ncolg was killed only a fcw
0ay, after Lees surrender
'al Three days, Jb) four
cays lcl h,e DAYS
III your best friend calls you
Detroit evening times., 1945-02-16
New Deal Machinery Endangers
Every F Form of Free American Enterprise,
BY SAMUEL CROWTHER
Written Expressly for the Hearst Newspapers

Samuel CyOWther, noted Writer and economist. has
1critteh series of three articles the appointment of
Henry A. Wallace secretary Of commerce. of 1chch this
is the third and final.
THE Reconstruction Finance Corporation, with
l. the powers, the money and the credit which it
now has, can in skilled hands be used to take over
the industry agriculture, transportation, housing,
banking and distribution of the United States
without violating any provision of the Constitu-
ton or any law.
Out of il can sprOut the largest bunch of
MULTIMILLIONAIRE CON1MISSARS the world
has ever known.
They can become the economic rulers of the
United States and the real government without
more than few people realizing their power until
it is too late to check them by congressional or
other means.
Detroit evening times., 1945-02-16

l. N4tNNNIH vi NlNlltNNtN dpptdl
L ing for both Wallace and
Aubrey Williams Nominated 10
head -REAl-Fan- -te-tAe Ae-skies.
Here were two men dropped by
Mr. Roosevelt for the campaign.
Williams, formerly youth ad-
miniStrator and WPA deputy,
had not been popular and left
the government before election.
Like Wallace he was considered
radical and much Of a load on
the administration.
Yet immediately after eIcC-
tion both we're named for big
ger Jobs than they had lost, and
many Uer and women flocked
TO the Senate 10 claim the good
Of the country required their
services presumably only be-
tween electionS).
The answer 10 this enthusi-
aSm. as the listening senators
made II out. was that IN COM
merCe Wallace would control
10000 Jobs while rural electri-
fication is planning an expan-
sion for postwar which would
also give the haraSsed radicals
(chased from government by
the Dies committee or the pre-
election trend OF political !
eventS) a good place 10 return
and alIght for longer than the
duration
Distributed by KIng Features Syn1 Inc.
Reproduction In vno's or In part
strictly prohibited
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
NEGRO HELD WITHOUT
BOND PRIVILEGE ON
MURDER CHARGES

Preliminary hearing for Harold
Goodman, 7O7 Meares street charg-
ed with the fatal shooting Of another
Negro was set yesterday for Nov. q
He is being held without privilege
of bond. -
He was arranged before Judge
H. Winfield Smith in Recof Der S
court yesterday morning on charges
of murder, carrying a concealed
weapon and assault with deadly
weapon with intent to kill. In con-
nection with the Staying of Joseph
Alexander Clay, of Route l.
The shooting is said to have oc-
Cured in Cowan's Beer parlor,
815 Castle street, about o'clock
Wednesday night.
Also continued until Nov. q was
the trial of Mr.. and Mrs. S. H.
Stroud, who were charged with
forging two checks and giving them
to H. Rouse, groceryman at Fourth
and Nun street.
Another defendant, Odell Todd.
Negro. is in jail under $1,000 bond
or charges of assault with a dead.
ly weapon with intent to kill on
Ora Lee McRoe, Negress, Wednes-
day afternoon. He is scheduled for
trial on Nov. 81.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
Babson Advises Victory
Bonds:> Old Line Stocks

even the most optimistic estimates
of future earnings.
In my opinion, the following in
dustries are favorably situated and
the prices of their stocks have not
generally discounted prospects:
Railway equipment, oil, labor
saving machinery, steel, copper,
electrical equipment, variety
chains, chemicals, and casualty
insurance.
However, it is never wise to
select a group Of stocks merely on
industry prospects. Seemingly ad-
verse developments may often
times help a given industry. For
example, if the Full Employment
Bill should pass as originally
drawn, the effect of such spending
would be very stimulating to a
number of lines, including variety
and food chains.
While the effects of initiation will
be evident everywhere in 1916,
warn against over-optimism. Dur
ing recent years, l have continu-
ally urged readers to maintain a
large part of their assets in COM
mon stocks. Next year many
thoughtless speculattors may be
attracted to the stock market, but
they may find they are coming in
at the end of the party. The wise
investor will use periods of over
optimism and high spirit to bat
ten down his matches and prepare
for the coming storm. Proper
is the first stop in
such a constructive program.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
OFFICIALS DENY
ACL WAGE HIKES

Runors Of pay increases for all
employees Of the Atlantic Coast Line
railroad, were promptly spiked yes
terday by an official denial.
However, it was simultaneously
revealed that the line has agreed,
with other rail carriers, to meet
ing with representatives OF the rail-
road labor organization In Chlcago
on November q for discussions on
the overall labor plans TOR the IN
dustry.
The report denied today by c.
Med. Davis, ACL president, now
In Palm Beach, Florida, ran ram
pant through ACL general offices
Yesterday to the effect that wage
boosts from 10 to 80 per cent were
In the immediate offing.
Contacted by a Palm Beach
representative of the Star-NeWs,
Davis, attending 1CC hearings on
the proposed merger OF the Coast
Line with the Florida East Coast
company, said chats silly" when
asked to confirm or deny rumors
Of wage increases throughout the
company.
Officials of the company here, &C
knowledging the reports current
among offices and employees OF the
company, said they knew Of no i'm
mediate plan to increase wage
scales independently of decisions
resulting from the Chicago confer
ence beginning late this month.
The Coast Line, one responsible
official said. has consented to abide
BY the decisions of the commit
tee representing more than lou car
riers-a committee of Is railroad
executives. The ACL does not have
a company representative on the
committee, being represented by j.
B. Parrish, vice-president OF the
Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad COM
pany. sitting on the group for the
Southeastern Railroad association.
The Chicago conference will bring
together the management group
and representatives Of 20 railroad
unions and brotherhoods. T h
scopes of their discussions, some
preIiminaries Of which have already
been conducted on regional basis,
will include the whole question of
salary and wages in light OF cur
rent and probable living costs.
The action was prompted, it was
learned here, by the insistent de-
mand of individual labor and en-
ploye groups within the railroads
for wage increases up to 80 per
cent. The Coast Line received "nu-
merous" requests for re-adjust-
ments, it was said.
Rather than to act individually
and possibly jeopardize the whole
of the nations rail structure, the
railroad industry's leaders elected
leaders elected to act In concert,
empowering the committee of is to
act for all carriers.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
Holstein Breeders Will
Meet In County Today

A meeting of New Hanover coun-
ty Holstein breeders will be. held
this afternoon at the farm Of A.
o. McEachern, R. W. Galphin,
county farm agent announced yes
terday.
The meeting. and program will
be in charge of representatives of
the agricultural department OF
State college, and start at o'clock.
A portion of the program will be
devoted to type classification
demonstration; weight guessing
contest, and a production guessing
contest. A motion picture, in color,
entitled STORY of a Breeding Pro
gram" will precede a discussion
pertaining to postwar dairy pro-
grams and registration of cattle.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
CAR CONFISCATED

NEW BERN, Nov. 15-A large
automobile, registered in the name
Of Lonnie Moore, was corfiscated
near Cherry Point this week by
Deputy Sheriff Frank Holton, when
he found that it contained six
cases of whiskey. The car Travelled
IS miles per hour before a tire
blew out. 1t skidded IS feet and
landed in a ditch. Its occupants
were not injured.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
THANKS CITIZENS

NEW BERN, Nov. 15-Mayor L.
c. Lawrence has received letter
from 1t. R. H. Middleton, naval
officer in charge of the sub-chaser,
PC-564, which was in port here for
the observance of Navy day,
thanking the city and its citizens
for their cordially and hospitality
t2r the officers and men on board
the craft. He said 1900 persons
went aboard the vessel while it
Was here.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16

BUY VICTORY BONDS
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
G11NFIRE LOOKED LIKE FIRE

SEATTLE W.H Terrific fire
power of the mighty battleship
Iowa. capable of firing 5000 shells
and bullets every 10 seconds, led
American. pilots and other craft
nearby to believe the battlewagon
had been hit by enemy fire, Rear
Adm. Oscar c. Badger told Seattle
officials during fleet celebrations
here. ~
several times during the last
Pacific actions we were believed
hit when actually it was just the
flash and glare of all our guns, !"
the admiral said. r..
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
Girl Scouts Will Hold
Cookie Sale To Dec. 5

Wilmington Girl Scouts will spon-
sor a Cookie Sale" lasting until
Dec.S5, to raise funds which will
support permanent Girl Scout
camp in this area, it was announc-
ed yesterday.
Sale of the cookies by the Girl
Scout organization, member
agency, of the Community War
Chest, has been approved by the
National Girl Scout council and
the Community War Chest as a
worthwhile project. ...
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
NC CHIEF ROBIN HOOD

DOVER, N. H.-WD Robin
Hood additionally haunts the for
ests Of Nottipghamshire in Eng
land but America has a Robin
Hood of its own who proved his
existence on an official slip Of
paper. =.
transfer of the Dover territory to
the early settlers by the Indians,
there appears the signature "Ould
Rob1n Hood" He has been identi-
fled as the Indian chieftain in that
area.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16

Coaches 4 Seduns
Keep your car looking smart
apd new save wear and
tear On tho upholstery. Dur
able covers, in many attrae-
dive designs.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
LOSES MOTHER

NEW BERN, Nov. 15--Word has
reached here of the death in Wake
field, Va, Of Mrs. w. r. Clark,
mother of Mrs. John c. Duffy of
New Bern. The funeral took place
Wednesday afternoon at Wakefield.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16

Approximately $4,000 citizensof
inland Nebraska served in the
Navy, Marine Corps and Coast
Guard during World War II.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16

Approximately 29,35o Wyoming
men were indicted into the armed
forces during World War II.
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-03
Whoi we neon by "seoIed-in-steeI." )"

Out Of that GE research grew the worlds first reg
Grating unito free from trouble that could be
nenhy sealed alright steel Not peck
seep in. Not drop OF oil could leak out
This untin Mrs. Sweeneys refrigerator and million
other CE RrigerGrOrs in than yearis keeping
General Electric Regerato dependable service
today When thrill to the visible features of postwar CE
Refrigerator remember this feature you can't seo it's the
important ALL General Electric Company Bridgeport Connecticut
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-03
Wise women buy for USE-vaIve!

In Mrs S"eenes experience with &c lies
we believe important consideration for you future
torbehnd the cleaning beauty Of your postwar CE Reig
orator. and behind its and catucs-cs the
refrigerator: the "refrigeratng unit" itself
1t Is this famous CE unit that makes unige
Even before 1881 General Electric guided by the principle
refgeraors first job pecrc food ccn-hou after hour
week after month after year
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-03

"Our General Electric Refrigerator was
ordered in December, $50. to be delivered
the following spring. 1t vac installed on
May o, 1881, and has been in use ever since.
With no repairs whatever, it is still going
strong!"
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-03

A letter in a recent morning mail brought
as this comment from Mrs. J. r. Sweeney,
Cortland, New York
Evening star., 1945-11-05

were marching into Austria, and
got Goering on the line.
Hesse-'Here is the Prince of
HeSse."
Goering-" This is Goering"
Hesse-"You called me up?"
Goering-"No. No I do not think
so. Listen, prince, I talked with the
Fuehrer. He says the whole letter is
perhaps not suitable for publication
because there are some parts which
might cause new difficulties. He
will study the letter very quickly
and let the Duce know which parts
are better left out ~
HeSse-"Ciano told me. by order
of the Duce, one would be very
thankful if a press notice were pub
lished in Germany about the loyal
behavior of the Duce and Italy to
Germany in this affair"
Goering-"One moment: That is
an important thing we should like
to give out ourselves. If We have
waited till now it is because we
wished to know whether it was
agreeable to the Duce."
Hesse-"I viii tell him person.
ally"
Troops Ordered to Stop.
Goering-"And tell the Duce what
l told Magistrate Count Massimo
Magistrate, counselor of the Italian
Embassy in Berlin} yesterday: The
German troops who marched into
Innsbruck have strict orders not to
60 further"
Hesse-"May I add one thing.
The English Ambassador was at
Count Ciano's yesterday for the
Evening star., 1945-11-05

purpose of delivering demarche
and got reply like that to the
French. Could you tell the Fuehrer
this too?"
Goering- -"The Fuehrer says he is
tremendously lucky, he never
doubted a moment in the greatness
Of the Duce's personality.
Hesse-" Indeed, magnificent.
am terribly proud of it."
Goering-"So give the Duce my
personal greetings and tell him /
need no words; he knows my devo-
alton; am very fortunate to have
known man like him; a man Of his
greatness could only act greatly. And
also give my regards to Ciano."
Where can I reach you
by telephone in case there is some
thing important?"
Listen, the Fuehrer
has gone down there now, he will go
to Linz Gn Austria) and so show
how, after many years, he has got
for the first time an opportunity of
visiting his parents graves and
there laying wreath because he is
still a son of Austria. - *''
That afternoon at 800 o'clock
Goering again talked with Prince
Philip.
Goering-"Prince Philip, do you
have the letter there?"
Hesse-"Yes, indeed. 1t is here"
Goering-"Listen, there will be
stricken from this letter only Ger
tain paragraph and then a sentence
about CSR (the Czechoslovak Re-
public. Tell the Duce that the
Evening star., 1945-11-05

appeared demanded by the CIR
|cumstances and now will be irrev-
ocable.' Then it goes on, In the
last months / have with increasing
apprehension. Would you
strike out the whole page, the of
page 2, beginning with I have to
where 1t says "the state leadership
In no way corresponds to the real
wish and will of the Austrian
people And strike out the follow
ing sentence, . That the Aus
trian state not become a branch OF
the CSR one day. The Fuehrer
asks that this thing about the CSR
be left out because 1t would be a
dumb thing"
Hesse-"This is all them"
Goering Tell the Duce we
can very agreeably leave the CSR
out of the matter. The CSR has de-
clared itself completely calm and
there would only be new unrest. The
Fuehrer will send wonderful tele-
gram of thanks to the Duce."
Again in the evening at tbs
o'clock Goering talked with Hesse.
Hesse-"And so England has
changed her position again. She
must once more have a discussion
over Italy's attitude toward Austria
That has been rejected and England
will get an answer in the resume of
the (Fascist) Grand Council to-
night. which will be seen in the
press"
Goering-"I can only tell you
over and over the Fuehrer is really
indescribably happy over the behav-
Evening star., 1945-11-05

ior down there. 1t shows for certain
the Axis ="
Hesse-"Yes, this is now solid as
mountain. just before I called up I
was with the King. I also reported
to him. He was very much in agree
ment and also sent his regards"
Goering-"In Austria there Is un-
believable joy. We ourselves had not
believed the participation would be
SO great"
Hesse-" Then the King talked to
me about another interesting thing.
One thinks it would be very
good il one were to open the FROM
tiers for awhile so alb this dirty
mess could get out"
Goering-"But not the ones with
foreign exchange, otherwise they
would slip away from us. The Jews
can go but they must leave the
money there, they only stole it ALL"
Evening star., 1945-11-05

Fuehrer asks him not to publish
this because it would get him into
new difficulties with France"
Text Delivered to Goering.
An adjutant at this moment de-
livered the Fuehrer's self-corrected
text to Goering.
Goering-"You have the letter
there. It starts: Your Excellency,
in a fatefully heavy hour address
myself to you. Excellency, to bring
you knowledge of a decision which