davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-09-21
farm FUTURE
LINKED TO FULL


The smallest farm labor force OF
record in 1914 harvested one of the
biggest crops this country ever raised
Output per acre had increased 1917
as compared with 1910, total output
21% and output per worker $50.
The increased productivity of farm
labor has been due to the greately in
creased mechanization of farm work
as well as favorable weather condi-
lions. The use of commercial fertil-
izer had increased by 45q6 during the
same period, the number of tractors
on farms by 25%, mechanical corn
pickers by 29%, combine harvesters
by 1870 and milking machines by 1870.
Solution of the problems facing the
farmer in the postwar years is dis
cussed in the light of these and other
facts of Importance to farmers in
Labor Research Associations new
LABOR FACT BOOK (208 PIP. $1.50)
Dependable postwar farm prosper
ity can be achieved only along with
full industrial employment and high
er standard of non-farm living for the
unskilled and those who have been ir-
regularly employed" says the Fact
Book. prices are only one part of
the farmers income problem :. The
Continued on Page Four)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-09-21
PRODUCTION CREDIT
SELF-SUPP0RTING

Four out of every five of the pro
duction credit associations in the ma
ton obtained sufficient income from
membership sources to pay all of their
operating expenses during the first
half of 1915, c. r. Arnold, production
credit commissioner of the Farm Cred
it Administration, reports.
The number of production credit as
sociations which met all operating ex
|penses without the use of income from
capital supplied by the district produc-
tion credit corporations is the highest
of any similar period since organiza-
ton, recorded Arnold.
Production credit associations are
making steady progress toward their
goal of becoming completely self-sup-
porting .farmer-owned and farmer-con-
|trolled cooperative credit agencies, -
Commissioner Arnold states.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-09-21
lid. ACTS in
TEXAS LEGAL
LYNcHING

The International Labor Defense to-
day swung into action to help save
L. c. Atkins, negro sentenced to die
in Dallas, Tex, on October for kill
ing a white policeman In self-defense.
Anti-"white supremacy" Americans
in every part of the country were
modified by telephone, wire and mail,
to press Governor Coke Stevenson of
Texas to set aside the death verdict
and free Atkins.
The full story of the case, which
the United States supreme court re-
in the magazine 1.-THE Nation, which
published an article on 1t by George
Clifton Edwards, whom it described
as "a Dallas attorney who has had no
connection with the case"
Atkins, in 1871, was assaulted by a
white policeman as he stepped onto a
Dallas street-car. The policeman
struck Atkins and shot him through
the body. Atkins defended himself
and tussled with lis assailant who
dropped his gun. In the struggle
Atkins picked up the gun and shot his
attacker, killing him.
Atkins was sentenced originally to
life Imprisonment, won new trial on
the grounds that negroes had been
excluded from the trial jury. One
negro was impanelled on the jury
that tried Atkins a second time, but
did not serve. Atkins was sentenced
to death. The United States supreme
court has refused a second reversal
on the grounds that presence of
single negro on the panel satisfied
it. Chief Justice Stone and Justices
Black and Murphy dissented.
"The majority of the supreme
court" the International Labor De-
tense said, has abdicated its respon-
sibility as the same court did in the
case-on the basis Of a
flimsy technicality.
ut is up to the people of the coun-
try to see to it that l.. G. Atkins does
not die. The case is classic example
of white supremacy at work in one
Of it's most horrible phases. We urge
all American people to join in the
of kilograms to Governor
Coke Stevenson, Austin, Texas, de-
that he set aside the death
penalty against Atkins and give him
the full freedom which is his right.
The action we urge is action to stop
a lynching. No true American would
hesitate to act if told that man
would be lynched on certain date.
81. c. Atkins is sentenced to be
ynched on October 6. Americans
must act"
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-09-21

building of the National Farmers I'm
ion in Denver.
Prior to his election as state audi
tor for the first time in 1882, Mr.
Holmes was in the insurance business
in Great Falls and is recognized as
one of the ablest insurance men in
the state.
Mr.. Holmes is veteran of World
War I, and has always taken an active
part in veteran and fraternal organ
izations.
1t. is understood that Mr.. Holmes
requested Governor Ford to appoint
Deputy State Auditor J F. Higgins in
his place when he resigned, but the
governor has refused to do this, evil
IDENTIFY having in mind some "deserv-
ing" Republican for the position. 1t
is probable that Mr. Holmes will de-
lay handing in his resignation for
some time, and meanwhile, there is
little doubt that there will be a num-
Der of applicants.
The Farmers Union insurance or
ganization considers itself fortunate
to secure the services of Mr.. Holmes
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-09-21
UNEMPLOYMENT
SPURS ACTION
BY CI0-PAC

NEW YORK, N. Y.-The unemploy-
ment crisis and accompanying head
aches of reconversion have whipped
up additional interest in political ac.
ton, Clio political action committee Of
ficials reported this week following a
check of field units in various sections
of the country.
A series of job rallies in New York
and New Jersey served notice on va
cationing congressman that labor's po-
litical forces were ready to bring full
pressure on congress for the enact
ment of urgently-needed reconversion
legislation. In New York City's Madi-
son Square, $4,000 workers called for
both state and federal action to stem
the steadily rising flow of unemploy-
ment. The same request was made
in Camden, N. j., where workers rep
resenting CLIO, ALL and railroad broth
erhoods, flocked to the city hall plaza
mand immediate action. Reporting on
the Camden demonstration, Evelyn
Dubrow, New Jersey CLIO official, stat
ed: 1.-THE whole town stopped for
three hours" More than $4,000 work
ers and townsfolk gave their support
to resolutions calling for the enact
ment of the CLOS full employment
program. Future plans call for state
delegation to visit New Jerseys con-
gressional representation after con-
preee reconvanee
Accelerated political activity was
urged at meeting of the Maine Clio
council at which the groundwork was
laid for future political campaigns
The theme of the conference was
sounded by CLIO Regional Director
Frank Carmichael who declared, Full
production, full employment and de-
cent industrial relations" as the CLOS
postwar goal. Tilford E. Dudley, as
sistant to PAC Chairman Sidney Hill
man, outlined the chief points in the
recent congressional session and
Continued on Page Four)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-09-21
FIRST INTERNATIONAL
COOP CONFERENCE SINCE
1910 HELD IN LONDON

Representatiy State t1ist0rt. enneratives in IA
Countries in Con rIpt9l Library Sc an Inter
national News Service for cooperative
Publications, and an International Coop
College; q. S. Invites Next Session.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-09-21
Ice. SUSTAINS
MONTANA OIL
OPERATORS

Montana producers and refiners,
especially those located in Billings and
Laurel and also northern Wyoming,
are jubilant today over the decision
of the Interstate Commerce Commits
sion, Washington, DC. in sustaining
a rate of thirty-one and one-half cents
(31 y on liquid asphalt to st. Paul,
Duluth and states of Minnesota, Wis
consin and Iowa.
Up to July, 1914, the rate from Bill
lings, Laurel and Wyoming was thirty
seven cents (37c) and Mid Continent
rate of thirty-six cents $3.50. How
ever, in July 1914 the Mid Continent
operators asked for rate of twenty
nine and one-half cents 90 " g and
this rate was approved by Interstate
Commerce Commission leaving Mon
tana, Wyoming rate at thirty-six cents
Due to war contracts on fuel and
diesel oil by Montana, Wyoming OPP
orators, the reduced rate did not affect
them to great degree. However,
with the wars end government con-
tracts were cancelled and Montana,
Wyoming producers and refiners were
faced with loss of markets and
could not compete with the Mid Con-
tinent operators on asphalt or heavy
products in the midwest. Also the
fact that pipe lines built from Laurel,
Billings connecting with pipe lines to
Cheyenne and into Kansas City and
Chicago, affected the tonnage the rail
roads could haul into Midwest terri
tory and at solicitation of refiners the
Burlington railroad and others sub
scribed the thirty-one and one-half
cents (311ac) from Montana, Wyo-
ming to Midwets. Immediately the
Mid Continent operators petitioned the
Interstate Commerce Commission for
a suspension of the Montana, Wyo-
ming rate of thirty-one and one-half
cents (31 " g which was to become
effective September 18th.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-09-21
VETERANS MAY
SUFFER FROM
LAND PRICES

One of the reconversion problems
facing the nation is the absorption of
perhaps a million returning veterans
into agriculture that has learned to
meet food production requirements
with five million less population than
before the war, |. w. Duggan, gov
ernor of the Farm Credit Admins
tration, declared recently.
Openings in agriculture for veterans
will mainly be replacement opportun-
tiles, in Mr.. Duggan's opinion. Be
sides those who will return to the
farms of their fathers or other rela-
tives, good portion can take the
place of the older men who have been
helping meet the wartime emergency
and who wish to return to less strenu-
GUS duties no what the war is over.
However, these openings will not be
sufficient for all veterans who may
wish to return to the farm, and for
those who may be displaced in in
dustry.
Many veterans are buying, or plan
ming to buy, farms which expose them
to a home front danger-that of in
flation in farm land prices, Governor
Duggan pointed out. Land prices are
up approximately 81 percent from the
pre-war level and have followed about
the same curve as that which oc-
CURED in World War l. "a veteran
who is buying land, therefore, should
be aware of the break in both farm
commodity and land prices that came
two years following World War l
which resulted in financial disaster
for many who had bought land on
credit at high prices" Duggan said
The veteran today, particularly if
he has had long overseas service, does
not realize just what has happened
during his absence. If he has decided
to make farming his lifetime work, he
is UNDERSTANDABLE impatient to become
an established farm owner. In his
eagerness to return to the practices
and ways of civilian life he may lose
his savings through an unwise invest
ment"
Farm opportunities for returning
veterans will be lessened also if we
" poob " SILL Tic
relief load to agriculture in times of
wide unemployment, Duggan warned.
In past periods of recession, he re-
called, many people have returned to
the farm when their income from in
dustrial employment has been reduced
or temporarily cut off.
"The problem facing agriculture is
only one of the many challenges con-
fronting America and the world"
stated the FCA head. 1.-THE primary
responsibility for solving these prob
lens rests on each of us individually,
whether in business, industry, or agri-
culture. We must not seek to thrust
the entire responsibility upon the gov
eminent The government can assist
but cannot work alone to accomplish
our peacetime detectives"
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-09-21

acting president of the aAlll-
ance, said it was significant
that they met on the occasion
of the golden jubilee of the In
ternational Cooperative ALI
ance. This great world organ
ization had been formed in this
very city, not far from the spot
at which they met.
81 believe the time is ripe for great
advances on the part of cooperative
organizations, remarked Mr.. Palmer.
AS a text for the conference he pro-
posed the words of the late President
Roosevelt, 1.-THE only limit to our real
ization of tomorrow will be the doubts
of today. Let us move forward with
strong and active faith" Delegates
then discussed the reconstruction of
the central and executive committees
of the alliance and heard report of
ICA activities during the war.
1t was urged that full congress
Of the alliance should be convened as
early as possible and invitations were
submitted on behalf of Switzerland by
M. Maine, and on behalf of the United
States of America by Murray Lincoln.
Arrangements for the congress will be
the work of a reconstructed central
committee which, it is hoped, will
meet not later than January 1916.
Pending the first meeting of the full
central committee, the British mem
bers will continue to direct the af-
fairs of the alliance.
Five points put forward by H. ].
May in 1889 as the wartime task of
the alliance were the basis of the sec
ond days debate. They were:
1. To decide the lines upon which
it's future activities should be resumed.
2. To further the unification of the
world cooperative movement, especi-
ally by promoting mutual understand
ing and collaboration between consum
ers and agricultural producers organ
izations
8. To organize material and moral
aid in the rehabilitation of the move
ments in the war-stricken countries.
4. To plan the contribution of the
cooperative movement, national and
international to the whole problem of
social and economic reconstruction.
5. To secure effective collaborative
relations with the world organizations
set up to deal with the peace settle |
ment; and with international, econom-
ic, social and humanitarian problems.
Delegates came out strongly in ia |
vor of implementing point five with
out delay as an essential to world
peace. Doctor G. Fauquet, France, |
pointed out that cooperative move
Continued on Page Four)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-09-21
MOUNTAIN REGION
HAS Low
Unemployment

Although the end of the war against
most 100000 persons to unemployment
compensation offices throughout the
country to file initial claims during
the week ending August rs, fewer
than one thousand persons filed initial
claims for the same period in the five
states in this region-Colorado Idaho,
Montana, Utah, and Wyoming, Heber
r. Harper regional director of the
Social Security Board, announced to-
day.
The actual figure for the nation
during the week ending August 25 was
eleven times the number received in
all states combined for the week prior
to the end of the war against Japan
The regional figure of $40 initial
claims was nearly five times the num-
Der received in the Rocky Mountain
States for the week before the war
was ended.
Mr.. Harper explained that unem-
ployment in this region is not only
small in volume but is extremely
spotty so far as conditions are re-
vealed by the number of persons filing
initial claims. About two-thirds of
the claims were filed in Colorado.
Idaho and Wyoming, with relatively
little war industry, showed declines
in the number of persons who filed.
During this reconversion period UNI
an, nIour,ap+ op,nanoa+iou xuiII r1ov
an important role in tiding insured
workers over the time when no wages
are coming in, and in helping to main
tain purchasing power which is the
lifeforce of business" Mr.. Harper said.
The figures for unemployment com
pensation do not measure total unem-
ployment, Mr.. Harper said They
measure only the number of workers
who have filed claims for unemploy-
ment benefits under present state
laws. They do not include any fed
eral government workers nor any
other classes of workers not now
covered by state laws.
A breakdown of initial claims in this
region shows that in Colorado the
rose thirteen hundred percent
from 43 for the week ending August
IS to GOT for the week ending August
25. Comparable figures for the other
states in this region were Utah, from
50 to 100, an increase of 207 percent;
Montana, from q to SO, rise of SO
percent; Wyoming, decline from 6
to 5; and Idaho, a decline from 81
to "a.
Unemployment compensation bene-
fits are not necessarily paid to all
persons who file initial claims" Mr..
Harper explained. initial filing is
merely the first step in the process.
Each claimant must serve a waiting
period before his benefits are payable.
II he gets job during that period,
or If he is found not to be eligible
for benefits, the claimant is not paid.
Compensate claims are the only
claims for which worker can actu-
ally receive payments" Mr.. Harper
continued con this type of claim
benefits were paid to 974 unemployed
in the five states in this
region for the week ending August |
Is, as compared to nearly 100000 |
workers who were paid benefits |
the country"
Mr.. Harper called attention to the
following statement contained in an
official communication recently sent
% all state employment security
agencies by the Bureau of Employ
Continued on Page FOUR
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-09-21
american INDUSTRY
MAKES "A YEARS Profit
I'm 6-YEAR war PERIOD

Total of Corporation Profits Since 1880
Is About $47 $780, 100000, the Total
Since Pearl Harbor Being Approximately
$35 ,500,000,0O0 Profits in l94l-45 Up
$50 Per Cent Over Pre-war
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-09-21
JOBS FOR ALL
TOPS PROGRAM
FOR PROSPERITY

Were Franklin Delano Roosevelt
with us today, to read the message o.
President Truman to congress, we are
sure he would say;
well donel"
Harry Truman has gone straight
down the line for the Roosevelt New
Deal He has kept faith with the mil
lions of voters who elected him as
Roosevelt's running mate.
There is bitter disappointment to-
day In the rumpus rooms of reaction
The Tories who had been trying to sell
the idea that Truman was their man.
now find that the only bill of goods
they sold was-to themselves.
Indeed, the Truman message to con
gress is news" chiefly because it is
from Truman Had it come from
Roosevelt none would have been sur
prised. 1t embodies all his political
and economic philosophy. 1t has in
it the spirit of his humanitarianism.
Yes, F. D. R. would be proud of his
successor.
Honeymoon Over
We are quite sure Truman himself
understands that this message means
his honeymoon with congress is
over. Just as Roosevelt met no oppo-
sition during his first hundred days, "
so Truman met none during the grim
months between F. ID. RS passing and
final victory.
He did not have to fight for war
measures. Neither did Roosevelt.
The New Deal battle-ground was on
domestic issues. There was where
Roosevelt had to fight. 1t is where
Truman will now have to fight-if the
great program in his message is to
become an American reality.
Truman will have to fight for the
full employment bill, whose princi-
pies he champions in this message.
Public Works
Truman will have to fight for his
public works program, even
CONTINUED on Page Two)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-09-21

800, 600, 900.
These figures include all cor
porations, whereas a large
number of small corporations
lost money during the war
years and many which were in
active or losing money because
of not being able to engage in
war production. This increases
the amounts made by the cor
porations which operated prof
itably.
The profitable" corporations, prior
to the war averaged profits after tax
es of $5,5OO,O0O,OOO a year These cor
porations during the war years showed
the following profits AFTER TAXES:
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-09-21

These corporations have piled up
$S1 billion in reserves and undistrib-
uted profits during the war years, in
creased their working capital by $21
billions, paid off one billion of long
term debts and accumulated postwar
refunds of two billions. In addition to
these comfortable" sums, the corpora
lions have gained about 81 billions
worth of new plants paid for by Uncle
Sam and can look forward to many
billions of dollars in possible tax re-
funds in the postwar years.
Last year the corporations made
profits of SIS billions before taxes,
Continued on Page Four)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-09-21
STATE AUDITOR
TAKES JOB With
FARMERS UNION
John Holmes, State Auditor
Since 1892 to Leave State
Office for Position With
Insurance Set-up in the
National Farmers Union.

John j. Holmes, state auditor since
1882 will become production manager
for the Farmers Union Automobile &
Casualty Company on September %,
with headquarters in the headquarters
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-09-21
(By Gable From Cooperative Press, Ltd

MANCHESTER neutrality-suspicious. of co-opera-
organizations IA together London
September what the first international co-opera-
tive gathering to be held since 1910.
Opening the first of this historic conference con-
vened the Alliance r. A. Palmer
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-06-28

I. Beat 2 egg whites until foamy.
gradually beat in u cup sugar until
meringue stands in peaks. Fold in
l cup cooked prunes (cut up in
pieces. leave skins on), then l tea
spoon grated lemon rind and 1 or
2 tablespoons lemon juice. Serve
plain or with cream, milk or Gus
tard sauce.
2. Roll cheese crackers fine and
use as topping for scalloped and
casserole dishes.
8. Extend soup with onions and
milk. Slice 3 medium-sized onions
In rings, fry slowly in 4 tablespoons
margarine or oil until onions are
clear. Add Q cans chicken noodle or
pea soup ~(condensed) and 2 cans
water. Let simmer 20-25 minutes
over a low gas flame, or until
onions are done. Stir in II cup
milk. add salt, pepper to taste. re-
heat; serve.
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-06-28
Deaconess Hospital
Notes

Medical patients now at the Dea-
coness hospital include Harry E.
Kaplan of Saco, who entered last
Wednesday; Mrs. Godfred Scheffel-
maer of Saco, and Miss Erma Buck
man of Nashua, who entered Fri
day; Ferdinand j. Funk of Fort
Peck, Rudy A. Enquist Of Saco
and Mrs. Konrad Thurman of
Glasgow, who entered Saturday;
Armand CeruluS of Nashua
and Mrs. Frank Rice of Glasgow,
who came Sunday, and Vernon
Sethne of Glasgow and Mrs.
H. Merle Priest of Nashua, who
were received Wednesday.
Mrs. Robert Kamla of Glasgow
was a medical patient from Friday
to Monday.
George Demko of Nashua was a
medical patient Monday and Tues
day.
Those who had tonsil operations
or minor surgery were Leo Bergtoll
of Opheim, Ralph Burger of
Nashua. Gerald Hagen, 4-year-old
son of Mr.. and Mrs. Elmer Hagen
OF Glasgow; j. A. Holland of Glas-
gov, and Mrs. Carol Butcher of Con-
rad, who is visiting her parents, Mr..
and Mrs. K. w. Bliven of Glasgow.
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-06-28
BjOrklund- Butler

H. R. Bjorklund returned last
week from San Diego, Calf, where
he visited his daughter, Mrs. War
rem Brown, and attended the we'd
ding of his son, Russell Warren
Biorklund, to Miss Elizabeth Butler,
daughter of Mrs. Clara 3. Butler OF
San Diego.
The marriage took place June 9
at 5 at the First Methodist church
in San Diego. Both the bride and
bridegroom are graduates of the
University of Redlands at Redlands,
Calf. She is a member of Alpha
Sigma Pi sorority, and he is a men,
Der of Alpha Gamma MI frater-
nifty. He took postgraduate work at
the University of Syracuse at
Syracuse, N. Y, and is now in gov
eminent service in Washington, D.
c.. where they will live.
Mrs. Biorklund, who accompanied
Mr.. Bjorklund to California, re-
NAMED for a longer visit with her
daughter.