davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-05-26

Memberships oratorio ELI
iah" was rendered last Monday
night before a large audience in
Jordan Hall. Elwyn Barrow con-
Quoted Soloists we're: Mildred
jenkins, soprano, Dorothy Rich
ardson, contralto, John Thomas
Warner, tenor, and Lycurgus A.
Lockman, bass. There was a
chorus Of IS voices, assisted by
the Boston Orchestral Players.
The performance was sponsored
by the Greater Boston organist-
Directors Guild.
The expectant throng was
thrilled by one Of the best per-
.formances of the kind Boston
had witnessed in many years.
Conductor Barrow had trained
the huge chorus to the point of
Continued on Page a
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-05-26

ioying the visits of many
friends Several weeks ago she
was taken to the Townsend st
residence. Though not injured
by the fire she was considerably
shaken up. However, she told
friends that she looked forward
to getting into the race fight
again and occupied her time
making plans and outlining the
story of her life. Several years
ago at the advice Of her physi-
clan she had given up active
participation in world affairs
and lived quietly only once and
awhile engaging in the strenu-
GUS campaigns to which she had
devoted a great part of her life.
A notable instance was her ap-
Continued on Page ~
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-05-26

Who neUer climbed neUer
fell" OLD PROVEFB.
ARCHBISHOP CUSHING has
given colored people their fair
choice. If there are "colored"
churches in Boston it is mainly
because colored people of MANY
FAITHS have asked for them.
We, ourselves. are much re-
sponsible.
BOSTON CHURCHES of al
faiths are open to colored peo-
pie. This is true of both Pro-
testant and Catholic churches.
There is no religious color ban
here. We shouldn't get excited.
The only way we can have "col-
ored' churches in Boston is by
WILLINGLY asking for them.
Are we?
THE 366TH REGIMENT, ac-
tive at Fort Devens as a combat
unit, was the serious subject at
the 1945 annual meeting of the
United Baptist Convention of
Mass. and r. I. delegates recent
ly. A resolution was drawn un
to investigate a reported change
in 366th status.
MIXED ARMY Divisions are
the only answer to the terrible
blunders that have plagued jim
crow policy. Success in this war
has been recorded of mixed
troops with the 18th Lightning
Division, the 18th Armored Di-
vision, the First Infantry Divi-
sion, tank units with the Yankee
Division, and many, many 9TH
ers, ARd I mean combat.
COLORED DIVISIONS may be
on their way out, following the
controversial report of Truman
Gibson. The main barrier to
mixed divisions is the DISPOSE
ton of colored colored officers Of
high rank. Generally, in mixed
divisions, the ranking officers
are white. But decent democracy
dictates that ALL officers and
CONTINUED on Page Four
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-05-26
BOSTON BRANCH NAACP DEFENDS
FOUR CTS ACCUSED OF RAPE

The Boston Branch, NA.A.C.P.,
has just been requested to fur
n!Sh counsel in the defense of 4
colored G.I,s accused of COM
mitting rape, Investigation in
oicateS that these men are inno-
cent of the charge and we are
happy to furnish counsel, there
fore, said Julian D. Steele. Pres
ident Boston Branch. "This case
is typical of many that the
Branch has been called upon to
assist, Mr.. Steele continued, "and
our ability to help depends upon
the response to the 1945 Mem
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-05-26

bership Drive. Atty. Henry E.
Quarles has been assigned as
counsel for the Boston Branch
to represent these men.
Every person, white or COL
ored, who believes in fair play
and equal justice should join the
Boston Branch and help us to
carry forward our program in
this community" Mr.. Steele
said.
Mrs. Ruby Dixon, Chairman Of
gu 1945 Membership Drive, has
Continued on Page Four)
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-05-26
BOSTON BAKED
BY MABE KOUNTZE

HMMMNMM IA q enc MMMMWM
"Who neUer climbed neUer
teH." OLD PROVEFB.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-05-26

or India, for example. But no
great issue has been made over
these darker peoples, as has
been made over the Poles. Fact
is, as the EAACP has nobly en-
phasized, there will be IT'S mill
lions of subject colonial peoples
after this war, all under the rule
of the democratic" nations.
CONTINUED on Page Four
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-05-26

Baritone, just returned from a
successful concert tour of the
South where he sang to large
audiences at Spelman College,
Howard University and Virginia
State College, Harvey Higgins
viii be presented in concert
Thursday evening, May 81, in
New England Mutual Hall under
auspices Of the Royal Sons of
the King, a Seventh Day Ad-
Ventist Church organization.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-05-26
STATE FEPC BILL GAINS
NAACP WINS FIRST ROUND

the NAACP Boston Branch who
has been active in the fight for
a strong FEPC bill said:
"The Boston branch is bending
every effort to securing the pas
sage Of the Fair Employment
Practice Law. We regard this
legislation as an important for
ward step in the progress Of coll
ored people for full equality in
Continued on Page Four
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-05-26

House Bill 1884, outlawing
employment discrimination, is a
combination of some half dozen
other measures with the same
object and though regarded as
weakened legislation it has the
sponsorship of many organiza-
tons. 1t was reported out Of the
Committee on State administra-
ton by a vote of IA to 1.
President Julian D. Steele Of
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-05-26
Last Appearance
In Hub This Season

Rev. Enoch o. Woodhouse,
Gods Ambassador Of Song, AM
erica's greatest gospel singer,
will be heard in Boston for the
last time this season on Thurs
day, May 81, at the Twelfth
Baptist church, accompanied
by James E. Prout, Ethel Wood
house Taylor, dramatic reader
will assist.
The guardian. [volume] (Boston, Mass.) 1901-1960, 1945-05-26
SAN FRANCISCO CONFERENCE
FARCE AS ENGLAND HITS RUSSIA
ROOSEVELT'S ABSENCE TRAGIC
AS COLONIAL CHIEFS PRESIDE

Colored peoples in this war
have gained and lost much in
the United Nations Peace Con-
ference at San Fro cisco. More
over, the issue OF land is an
obScuring smoke screen hiding
greater factors.
WHAT ABOUT INDIA?
Poland has fought no harder
for democracy and independence
than the natives Of South Africa,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-12-28

4 Dog owners Of this community and
those who will add a dog to their
family circle this Christmas are urg-
ed to take special precautions to pre-
vent their pets from being stolen, in
a communication received by the
Midland Journal from the Gaines
Dog Research Center, New York
City
The warning is prompted by veri-
table wave of dog thefts which TIE
Center reports is sweeping many sec
tions. Particularly hard-hit appear
to be owners of dogs of the sporting
breeds, many of whom started to dis
appear just about the time of thu
opening of the hunting season
The demand for dogs is create.
than the supply, and well-bred, wei
trained dogs are bringing premium
prices This, no doubt, is the incen
tive behind the dog-naping racket
the Center states. While there ma.
be All occasional instance of dog
lover so anxious to have pet tina
he will induce an animal to follow
him away from it's home grounds,
there is little question but that The
great majority of dog disappearance
can be laid at the door of experienced
racketeers who have banded to stea.
valuable dogs for the profit they cal
make out of selling them.
So serious has the situation be
come in certain areas that local au
thorities and dog owners are organ
izing to fight the menace. Typical OF
such activity is the work of one New
York group which is seeking to have
stricter legislation bearing on the
subject put on the states books. The
proposed law requires the tatooine
of each dogs ear with the initials OF
his breeder and owner together witt
his own individual number and the
recording of these marks on the dogs
annual license and bill of sale, in
case tke animal is sold. Police are re-
quired to broadcast these marks over
their teletype machines, and census
takers to make note of the marks
found on dogs encountered on then
rounds and to report those to which
the holder cannot prove ownership.
TO further discourage would-be NAL
efactors, the law provides minimum
sentence of 80 days i'll Jail for any
convicted dog thief.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-12-28
CECIL COUNTY DEEDS
RECORDED

Elkton Banking & Trust Co. to
Samuel L. Gregory and wife. All that
tract or parcel of land situate, lying
and being in the Sixth Election Dis
trict of Cecil County, Md. Containing
about 25 acres of land, more or less.
$500.
Robert Bromwell Marshall and
wife, ct al, to Harold R. David and
wife. All that tract or parcel of land
situate and lying in the Sixth Elec-
ton District of Cecil County, Md.
Containing So acres of land, more or
less. $40.
Lulu Mae McPeake and Husband
to Virgie Howery. All that lot or par
eel of land situate, lying and being
in the Sixth Election District of Cecil
County, Md. $40.
Rita G. Leverage and Husband, ct
al, to Anna P. MacQuinness. All that
tract or parcel of land situate in the
Town of Charlestown, in the Fifth
Election District of Cecil County,
Md. 81.
Gwyn ]. Goodman and wife to
Ellis Van Reeser and Archie L.
Tharpe and wife. All that tract or
parcel of land situate, lying and be-
ing in the Eighth Election District
of Cecil County, Md. Containing los
acres of land, more or less. $40.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-12-28
SAVE YOUR RATION BOOKS WITH
SUGAR STAMPS

Stamps are still needed to pur-
chase sugar, the only food item left
on rationing. Do not throw away
your ration books. Consumers should
guard their books as carefully as
they did when rationing was in full
force. Lost books cannot be replaced
Immediately and any books issued
now will be carefully tailored.
That is the word from the Mary
land OPA State Office, following in
quiries regarding necessity for keep
ing. ration books and also because of
requests for requirements of lost
books
while sugar is the only food left
on rationing, it is likely to be con-
tinued so for many months and con-
sumers should make every effort to
safeguard their ration books" says
the OPA when books are lost tkere
is necessarily a delay in providing
requirements and consumers may be
Inconvenience by lack of sugar
stamps. 1t is just as important now,
as it was during the time rationing
was in full force, to take care of your
ration books. Replacement books
will be carefully tailored to avoid is
suance of duplicate ration currency"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-12-28
WANT TO KEEP YOUR OLD CAR
RUNNING?

Want to keep your aged car run
ming this winter? Most people do,
keystone Automobile Club says, but
unfortunately they neglect certain
cold-weather precautions. keystone
lists the following as the principal
causes of trouble in winter opera
ton:
/. Heavy oil, which congeals and
wears down even fully charged bat
| terry.
T 2. Heavy transmission grease,
which retards operation.
3. Weak batteries. A battery show
ing only one-quarter charge will
freeze at 13 degrees abovoe zero; at
half charge it will freeze at zero; but
it is good for 9S below when fully
charged
4. insufficient anti-freeze. A gallon
| is not enough for zero or sub-zero
temperatures.
5. Frozen lock tumblers in the ig-
milton.
6. Grease on the Bendix starter
spring, which prevents the starter
from functioning.
z. Water freezing in gas strainer
and gas lines, preventing flow to en-
CINE.
s. Poorly adjusted and dirty igni-
ton points.
8. Improperly adjusted spark plugs
gaps. and or fouled plugs.
10. Brakes frozen to the drums.
| IL Points automatic voltage regu-
lators sticking, not only preventing
battery from charging, but causing
a leakage of existing voltage.
IL. Improperly fastened, corrod-
ed or dirty battery cable connections.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-12-28
DIR. SYMONS HONORED BY
AMERICAN FARM BUREAU

DR.. T. B. Symons, Extension Direc-
or and Dean of Agriculture of the
University of Maryland, has received
ne Distinguished Service Award of
he American Farm Bureau Fedora
ion in ceremony at Chicago, We'd
lesday evening, Dec. 10.
Presentation of the award to the
Maryland agriculture leader was
made by Farm Bureau president Ed
ward A. O'Neill, For his years of
lntiring work in behalf of farmers. -
Or. Symons grew up on an Eastern
shore farm, and has. served Mary
and Agriculture consistently since
lie Joined the staff of the Maryland
.gricultural College in 1902.
Outlining his idea of the meaning
If extension work and of the Farm
bureau in accepting the award, DR..
jymons declared that the aim of the
extension Service has been, is and
ill continue to be the demonstration
# facts, the increasing of income,
md the making of more happy
.omes in rural America.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-12-28
EDUCATION IN SCHOOL LUNCHES

The school lunch program says
+. B. Hutson, Under Secretary of Ag-
iculture, especially because of it's
opportunity for extending consumer
:ducation, represents an excellent
means by which we can enlarge tie
market for farm products.
During the year which ended last
June 80, nearly six million school
)upils in thi scountry were provided
God for MONDAY lunches through
his program. About one billion
pounds of food were used in carrying
tut the program, most of which was
purchased from local merchants. Ex-
)ansion of the school lunch program
would be of real Eelp not only during
he reconversion period, but also in
he post war years. The program i'm
proves the nutrition-and conse-
luently the health-of school child
zen, and an expanded program would
offer a growing outlet for food and
an opportunity to enlarge the educa-
.ional work needed on the use of
nigh nutrient-value foods"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-12-28
SUGAR STAMP 80 GOOD FOR FIVE
POUNDS JANUARY

Sugar stamp 80, which will become
good for five pounds of sugar Jan. /,
will have to last for four months,
through April 80, the Maryland OPA
State Office advises.
1.-The sugar supply will be little
better in 1916, but we have not yet
reached the bright spot in the situa-
tion," said the OPA. Right now re-
serve stocks continue critically low
and the sugar crops from the West
Indies will not start coming in heav-
lily until March. That is the situation
we always have at this time of the
year, but ordinarily there are big re-
serves on hand to take care of the
demand until March.
"That means that as we go into
1916, housewives, will still have to
watch their sugar bowls. And so
will Industrial users. There will be
no increase to the bakers, candymak-
ers and so on. They, too, will have to
count their spoonfuls."
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-12-28

out for preservation when so many
had been removed by an equally dis
corning providence.
But to the young the .watchnight
meeting was always dreary serv.
ice, only to be endured in view OF
the joys of the morrow. And when
the life and color were taken out of
the observance of New Years itself
there seemed little sense in ushering
in day of gloom with a still gloom
Ter New Years eve. So they left
the matchmaking to those who
found no more pleasure in their
days and for themselves introduced
the practice now generally preva-
lent of indulging in a last fling in
preparation for the morrow's dis
agreeable business of turning over a
new leaf.
They have revived the old pagan
ceremony except that no minia-
ture skeletons are passed around at
the feast to remind them that they
are mortal. Nothing in this modern
New Years eve abandon, however,
commends it as substitute for the
old gracious custom of paying and
receiving calls, custom for which
desuetude was FASTENED by the
prodigious growth of the large cities
in the Is years following the Civil
war.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-12-28
INCREASE CASH RETURN FOR
FARM FERTILIzERs

Maryland farmers can still in
crease cash returns from their record
use of fertilizers, which amounted to
207,485 tons in 1914, and probably
IS even greater in 1945, said DR.. T.
B. Symons, Dean of the College of
Agriculture of the University of
maryland, at the annual Maryland
fertilizer Conference in Baltimore,
December IL.
A ton of $40 to $40 fertilizer pro-
perly used can increase hay yields by
a value of $3.50 to $500, or of grain
and straw by $500 to $500, but much
fertilizer still is not used in the most
practical ways, DR.. Symons added.
Study of the best methods of appli-
cation, along with greater tonnages
and more concentrated grades Of
fertilizer will bring the greatest i'm
provement in yields at lowest cost.
The horticulture department of
he University, he pointed out, has
iound that 500 pounds of a mixed
ertilizer on an acre of tomatoes APP
piled in bands near the row increas-
ID the crop yield as much as 1000
pounds of the same kind of fertilizer
broadcast in the field. Cannery peas
,kowed the same results from 500
pounds of fertilizer in band "
inches away from the seed, as from
broadcast application of 1000 pounds
f plant food.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-12-28

carry luck. Wish everyone you
meet "A Happy New Year" but re-
member when the greeting is given
to cross your fingers for luck. Be
sure to say rabbits" as the first
word when you wake before anyone
has had chance to speak to you.
Loves progress will be aided or
New Years Day if you are careful
to put on the left stocking before the
right. The potency Of this charm
is supposed to be increased If you
do all things as far as possible left
handedly during the day.
To open a bank account on New
Years Day was considered lucky
In Old England, the custom growing
probably from the belief of many
centuries that whatever you do on
the first day Of the year will be an
indication of what will happen dur.
ing the months that will follow.
In some parts of England and Scot
land it is supposed to be unlucky to
leave house until some outsider
has first entered it.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-12-28

tom and they are called watch
night services"
In 1914, St. Georges Methodist
Episcopal church in Philadelphia
held it's 175th watch night service.
The church was founded in 1859 and
in ITO held what has been called the
first such services in America. Many
other churches are holding such
services today.
January is a legal holiday in
all of the states and the District of
Columbia. 1t was not until after 1918,
however, that the date became a le-
gal holiday in Massachusetts.
With the exception of war time,
the date is legal reason for liberty
for the sailor and soldier. Yes, army
and navy regulations specifically
state this fact.
To quote from the navy regula-
tions: "The first of January-and
such other days as may be desig-
mated by the President, including
the day of national thanksgiving,
shall be designated as holidays
on board ships of the navy and all
naval stations.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-12-28
PLANTS OF COAL AGE HELP
FEED us

Plants that grew hundreds of til ou-
sands of years ago can be considered
as one of the important sources of
food supply that enabled the United
States to come through the war years
with better average diet, even, than
in pre-war years. This is true, be-
cause considerable share of the ex-
ira food was the equivalent of feed
that horses and mules did not eat.
Horsepower from horses and
mules depends on current crops of
grains, and on meadows and pas
lures. Horsepower from tractor en-
gines depends on the petroleum
formed from plants that grew long
ago. AS horses and mules gave way
to machine power, this freed for food
production land that used to be need
ed to feed work animals.
Sherman E. johnson of the U. S.
Department of Agriculture lists
shifts from animal to tractor pow
err" as the most important of eight
factors in the upward swing in pro-
duction" that accounts for the fact
that gross farm production in 1914
and again in 1945 was about "a
fourth more than in the pre-war
years, 1896 to 1882" Weather was
generally favorable, but with average
weather the increase would still have
been about 20 per cent,
American farming, says Johnson,
has gone through IAN agricultural
production revolution" that is mot
readily reversible"
AS to the power shift" from horse
horsepower to engine horsepower, he
gives facts: I'm the years since 1920
more than SO million acres of crop
land and many million acres of pas
ture land have been released from
production of feed for horses and
mules and made available for produc-
ton for the market. The land releas-
ed from the growing of feed for work
animals in this period would be suffi-
cient to feed more than 1S million
head of cattle"
The shift is continuing. Johnson,
head of the Division of Farm Man.
agement and Costs in the Bureau of
Agricultural Economics, says: "In
the next two years farmers are likely
to buy more new tractors and equip
ment than ever before. This means
further release of land from pro-
duction of horse and mule feed"
Thus, current production can be
for human food, with power produc-
ton coming from plants that grew in
what biologists call the Carbonifer-
Gus Era.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-12-28
HARFoRp COUNTY, 4.H noY WINS
TOP HONORs

Application of soil conservation
practices that have increased crop
yields by as much as 80 per. cent and
sharply reduced loss Of top soil las
won for Louis E. Kelly, of Whiteford,
Hartford County, Md, state top hon
ors in the National All Club Soil
Conservation Contest.
A $500 college scholarship, an all
expense trip to the All Club Con-
gress are prizes for which Kelly is
eligible to compete in the contest, as
conducted by the Extension Service.
The prizes are presented by the Fier-
stone Tire and Rubber Company.
After witnessing the highly favor
able results of contour farming as
practices on their own 114-acre Har-
ford county farm, young Kelly helped
build terraces, reset fences and alone
filled gullies, hauled fertilizer and
planted soil holding crops.
Commenting in his report, Kelly
said one pasture which he improved
with contour burrows, lime, fertilizer
and by regular moving of weeds was
now sufficiently productive to MAIN
tain eight more cows than it did in
1941.
A All club member for three years
and president of his neghborhood
club, the Mason Dixon, Kelly is the
19-year-old son of Mr.. Martin j. KEEL
ly. He has carried out numerous beef
and swine projects.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-12-28
Change Made in
Celebrating Day

New Years became holiday long
after the American custom of New
Years calls, which justify its observ-
ance, had gone the way of the hoop
skirt and the polka. There is moth
ing American about the carnival
like merrymaking which nowadays
welcomes the New Year. Or can it
be that even this is a metamorpho-
sis of the watchnight meeting of 40
years or more ago? To deacons and
elders, to all anxious heads of fami-
lies, it used to seem fitting to spend
the last three hours of the year in
singing lugubrious hymns and Civ
ing thanks that they had been singled
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-12-28

Dean H. Harrington, %, fireman,
first class, of Wilson Ave-, Rising
Sun, Md, has completed training
at the Naval Training Station, New
port, R. L., aboard the USS Tarawa,
a new Essex-class carrier, soon to be
commissioned.
Son of Mr. and Mrs. A. B. Harring-
ton, of Route /, he is married to the
former Dorothy Fisher, who lives in
Rising Sun, with their nine month
old son, Allen Dean.
Harrington is 1889 graduate of
Rising Sun High School.
His brother, Sgt. Hale Harrington,
is serving in the Army, at Fort Dew
ems, Mass.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-12-28
New Years Compliments

Danish families save their broken
crockery = to toss against their
friends doors on New Years Eve.
The crockery tossed, the tossers
run; but not too far; they expect to
be invited in for doughnuts.
The most popular household in the
community is so designated on New
Years morning by the debris around
the doorstep.