davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-03-10
Wim,Lose or Draw
By GRANTLAND RICE
Physical Trim Difficult to Get, Easy to Lose

'hysiCoi rim Dlrricut to 0et, Easy to Lose
Many Ellsworth Vines player not
bad golfer made this
surprising
tive condtion-and what short
Vines a
This happens to be completely Gunder
Haeggs showing in the IC4A games Square
Garden last Saturday night practically collapsed
rum Haegg outdoors and shape mile 4:02
was timed around 43l indoor having had
This lost missing close %
something than $50 yards mile that
he would have beaten
For AIS mile barely than gaop Looking back
Joie Ray 416 mile would
timer pulled under And Rafferty, knows hard training
and condition 4:16 mile
fighting miller.
recall in Southern track meet Vanderbilt
where Auburn the mile He almost collapsed
finish, yards in His Norman
and John Paul Jones the mile 412
supposed to the milers
Evening star., 1945-03-10
Mile Is Greatest Test and Best to Watch

Then had Nu1mis 4:104 Nurmi the great
all mile
Anderssons mile 406
marks favia Cunningham Lovelock Haegg
mered the figures down, split by split second.
this, ability needed hardest
plus
the credit they deserved.
mile always has greatest all
combines the other
Although admitted that the 440 killing
distance calling extended the mile something
prints
the
The normal human being city usually
talks and thinks of mile mile
milesor 10 miles You know just about what that
The mile today the ideal combination
that keeps the
a hurry too
long to
Evening star., 1945-03-10

Totals "a 25S Tot,
Evening star., 1945-04-28
To RemoId the Germons
What to do with GERMANY ond tho

What to do with Germany and the
Germans after the war is one of the
most discussed topics of the day.
That vital matter has long been
studied by several groups of Ameri-
can scientists who have pooled the
results Of their deliberations in a
comprehensive program just released
for the general public.
This scientific symposium main
tains that the making of an endur-
t, ing peace with Germany requires
more than merely military. political
or economic measures. Nothing short
OF a re-education of the German
character and a remaking of Ger
man institutions will suffice. s"It is
coming to be recognized" says the
report, "that Nazism is but one ex-
preston of ideals and attitudes
which have long prevailed among
the great majority of Germans. /"
The aggressive tendencies in the
German character are not inherited,
but are acquired through training
and education. Character is formed
In any culture "by the institutions
in which the individual finds his
opportunity for self-expression." In
stitutions shape character and char
acter perpetuates institutions. In
Germany this has become a pecu-
liarly vicious circle which must be
broken.
One of the root motivations Of
the German character is that, as a
people. they are inordinately pre-
occupied with "the question Of sta
tus." Who is superior to whom, and
who is subordinate, is a major con-
Evening star., 1945-04-28
Heritage

This battered sea chest sailed In clipper
ships
From Salem hdrbor In the China
trade;
Grandmother said, ~ heard from his
otDn lips
The trGUels OF this chest my father
made
TO hold the gifts he brought from year.
long trips
The porcelGin and China teas and
jade"
Her mother brought It west: and she
herself
Had used It for q tcedding chest beside
The round topped trunks. She shotped
me on her shelf
Treasures It once had held, ,Dith gentle
pride,
"That eggsheu cup-so thin beside my
Deli
Ny father got In China for his BRIDE"
Today she gaze the chest, and cup to me.
h6pe . loper on the Chins Sea.
npoRoTHY brown THoMPsoN.
Evening star., 1945-04-28

Germ. The German thus alternately
commands and bows. TN view of
this situation" the report continues,
"the political history OF the Germans
is not surprising. The image they
have had of themselves has been
that of dominating nation. The
only alternative to being dominant
has been to be submissive. Either
complete victory or complete defeat;
either glory or dishonor. They have
never achieved the ideal of give
and-take. of mutual adjustment. of
cooperation with equals"
From this it logically follows that
all specific measures Of reconstruc-
ton should be oriented toward "the
particular purpose of helping the
Germans to achieve new image OF
themselves. which would substitute
for compulsion to dominate the
world the will to cooperate with
other nations" To achieve this end
the report outlines the basic prin-
ciples for a short term program
following Germany's defeat and
long-term program wherein basic
remolding of the German char
acter and institutions would be
undertaken.
Evening star., 1945-04-28
Mr.. Fosdick's S Report

First steps already are being taken
to repair part of the damage to the
worlds culture suffered during the
Second World War. That is the
significance of the recent report of
Raymond B. Fosdick concerning the
operations of the Rockefeller Foun-
dation in the past year. The prob
lem, as he clearly sees it, arises from
the fact that: while the task of
turning out warriors and weapons
has monopolized most of our efforts,
the responsibility for producing
scholars, scientists, artists and other
creative minds has been largely
suspended"
In other words, Mr.. Fosdick frank
ly realizes that intellectual progress
has been retarded, if not altogether
halted, since the fateful autumn of
1889. Such work as has been accom-
plished on the home front in
medicine, for example, is not enough.
Young medical men, the report says,
have been educated incompletely.
The same observation might be
made with regard to many other
fields of creative human endeavor-
literature, painting, architecture
and music among the number.
During the emergency, men who
ordinarily would have had at least
five years of training actually were
rushed through with as little as
nine months of instruction and
experience.
The danger, however, fortunately
appears to have been appreciated
from the first. Mr.. Fosdick seems to
have been conscious of the challenge
to philanthropy since it's first de-
velopment, even in advance of the
outbreak of hostilities in Europe.
"The coming peace" he declares,
twill not be won or lost at a con-
ference here or by a treaty there.
We shall be winning or losing 1t
over the years ahead through many
decisions taken by thousands of men
in all the countries of the world.
- We do not prepare for the
decisions we have to make by putting
on the binders of intolerance and
partisan advocacy. We shall be
prepared only because, through
education and study and research,
we have developed leaders and
citizens whose minds and integrity
will be ready as the moments of
decision arrive"
Quick results, the foundation
president warns, cannot be extern
porized." There is mo mechanistic
invention" for the instant curing of
human ills, the immediate correction
OF mankind's social and cultural
shortcomings. Mr.. Fosdick pledges
the Rockefeller organization to
assist in supporting measures which
(will) supplement the provisions Of
the CT Bill Of Rights" to practical
effect. He announces that the
Evening star., 1945-04-28
Treating Them FoirIy
By David Laurence
From the Providence Journal,

cEoHi FIoFlocnCe JOurnal.
Never has a great war ended In this
fashion. If there were q central Ger.
man government with authority to sur.
render, the war could be ended quickly.
Once the surrender had been arranged,
any NaN fanatic who continued to fight
would be classed as common murderer
and treated as such. But in the alb
sence Of government that can surren-
der for the entire nation the war can
not be brought to close by formal, legal
means. In this situation, the Allies are
required by international law to recog-
nize all the German troops as legal
troops and to treat them fairly as pris.
oners Of war, not as murderers, when
they are captured. It means q longer
war and costier war, but it also means
that the fact Of defeat will be stamped
indenbly on the enemy nation.
Evening star., 1945-04-28

foundation is making it possible for
twenty-one leading medical schools
to give further training to young
physicians when their war work is
over. It also has provided money
for between 125 and 200 fellowships
for laboratory scientists, engineers
and others whose normal careers
were interrupted by the conflict.
Funds likewise have been made
available to aid workers in the
humanities whose labors were halted.
OF course, no one agency, however
great its resources, can solve the
whole problem. Mr.. Fosdick suggests
what needs to be done on an inclu-
sive scale and shows that a begin
ming has been inaugurated.
Evening star., 1945-04-28

This early sQuabble in the Steering
Committee helped to clear the atmos-
phere. However, Russia was unani-
mously accorded three members of the
general assembly Of the proposed inter-
national organization with White Russia
and the Ukraine admitted as members
of the United Nations. This was a vic
tory for the Soviets, an expected victory
IN view of the fact that the United
States and Britain had both agreed to
support the Russian proposal at Yalta
While Russia won in that fight, 1t
failed to carry its demand that the Lublin
Committee government in Poland be
invited to the conference. which was
opposed by the United States and Great
Britain. A resolution was adopted ex-
pressing hope that government would
be set up IN Poland that would receive
the recognition of both Britain and
the United States-and that it could
then be admitted to the union.
One thing Is clear to those attending
the conference.-the Russians are not
impressed with protocol and the ordinary
diplomatic courtesies. Mr.. Molotov is
reported to have told the Steering Com
mittee that this is no pink tea. If
however. the Russians are to get tough, -
they will find that the other great
powers do not intend to be run over
at will, even for the sake of appeasine
the Soviet Republics.
So far as the presidency of the Con-
ference is concerned it looks as though
Mr.. Stettinius and the Americans who
made the plans for the initial organiza-
ton OF the conference slipped a cog.
They could have taken lessons with ad-
vantage from some of the hard-boiled
politicians in this country.
No one who ever saw big political
convention can doubt this. The politicos
either make definite ARRANGEMENTS for
presiding officer long before the con-
ventlon meets, or if there is to be a
nght, they know that, too, and plan ac-
cordingly. The State Department could
have sounded the Russians on the oues-
ton OF conference president before
going 70 San Francisco and ironed the
thing out, instead of waiting to be
thrown into furry at the last minute
Evening star., 1945-04-28
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

SAN FRANCISCO, April 28-Russia
wasted no time after the opening of the
United Nations Conference, the Soviet
Foreign CommisSar, v. M. Molotov, DEM
onstrating Russia's intention to play a
full part, If not dominating part, in
the discussions and conclusions of the
conference
First, in meeting of the Steering
Committee, made up of the chairman
of the delegations of the 46 participat-
Ing nations, he threw a monkey wrench
into the plans of the conference organ
ization, opposing the selection of Secre-
tary of State Stettinius as permanent
president. He wanted the conference
deliberations run by the Your sponsoring
powers, the United States, Great Britain,
Russia and China
Within an hour after the Steering
Committee had adjourned in consider
able confusion without finally acting on
his proposal, Mr. Molotov addressed the
conference in plenary session, clearly
indicating that If things did not 20 to
the liking of the Soviets, the effort to
set up an international organization
could wait.
In the end the result of the Russian
0esSAAPV W upoct tIlc OIkdIllZdGlOu was
dogfall. It was agreed to have four
presidents of the conference, but they
were to delegate their powers to Mr..
Stettinius so that he could continue to
be the chief executive of11cer of the con-
ference. There was face-saving in the
agreement for both sides.
- x x
There is clear determination on the
part OF many OF the delegations, par
ticularly the British, to run this con-
terence OH as speedily as possible.
Time In their opinion is of the essence
with great events in the war happening
daily. The Russian effort to change the
plans Of organization, however, resulted
in the loss of full day at the very
start of the proceedings The question
in the minds of some Of the delegates
Is whether the Soviet delegation is to
throw more monkey wrenches into the
machinery at will. The Russians have
pledged themselves, however, to support
tn Dumbarton Oaks proposals plus the
agreements made by the Big Three at
Yalta.
Evening star., 1945-04-28

In note friendly In tone but adamant
In substance, Premier Stain has told
the American government that he could
not accept the American British inter-
probation Of the Yalta agreement re-
garding the Polish government.
The Russian leader is said to have
informed President Truman in q COM
munication received last Wednesday
that he was willing to broaden" the
composition Of the Lublin Committee
which he officially recognized last Sat-
urday as the de facto government of
Poland. But Premier Stain indicated
that since 1t was essential for Russia g
future security plans to have only
friendly governments on her expanded
borders, the new members must be
chosen only from the ranks Of those
who have proven themselves loyal
friends of the U. s. S. r.
This is interpreted in Washington
official quarters to mean that whatever
new faces may appear in the Polish
government they will have to be hand
picked by Moscow.
The Yalta agreement provided that a
commission composed of Foreign Com
missar Molotov and Ambassadors Harri-
man and Clark-Kerr would consider
additional members of a broadened
Polish government. About 80 names are
reported to have been submitted but
they were all turned down as "unreli-
able" Among the names suggested by
the American and British representa-
tives was that Of Wladyslaw Mikolajczyk,
who was known to have been in the
good graces of Premier Stain and Mr.,
Molotov in the past. But he, too, was
rejected, although the former Polish
premier was willing to go a long way
toward reconciling the Russian and
Polish points of view.
The note of the Russian leader Is in
teSpreted to mean that the fate of Rus
sia's border states is a matter which
concerns Russia alone and should have
Evening star., 1945-04-28

rorgau, well to the south of Berlin
ana closer to Dresden than to the Ger
man capital, is highly favorable to the
announced objective of the Allied high
command-the destruction of the Ger.
man armies. AS previously pointed out
In these articles, the farther south the
Junctlon is formed, the greater the
numoer OF German troops trapped to
the north OF 1t In open country. It
now appears likely that another juno
tion Will be made north of Berlin. pre-
Sumaoly between the United States 9th
army and the Russian forces of Marshal
Anukov, which will leave the German
capital in little pocket of its own.
cut on both from the German forces
IN north Germany and from the ma
tlonal redoubt" in the south.
+ i
Still anothc' junction, and a very i'm
portant one, now seems to be approaching
along the Danube between the United
States Sd Army and Marshal Tolbu-
khins Russian army group. In recent
articles have discussed this junction
as something for the days ahead. but
now the 3rd Army is over the Austrian
border, Regensburg has fallen and Pas
S~ ~SSA ~ PoSOOAs fal1O VIC lllAy OcRlu
to speak in terms Of Linz and junction
with the Russians somewhere on the
Danube between Linz and st. Polten.
This would leave the German pockets
roughly as follows: Cd Berlin itself, II
1t is still holding out by that time;
Cd North Germany, with Denmark and
Norway likely to be cut of from it at
any time; 90 Bohemia and northern
Austria; a. The national redoubt" in
the Alps. Besides these there are, of
course, various more distant pockets
such as Holland, Latvia, and the French
ports.
Within all these pockets we must
expect German resistance to continue
as long as the means to resist is pos
sessed by the desperate fanatics who
are fighting SO hopeless battle. There
Is no longer any logic in this last-ditch
resistance; each day that it continues
results only in greater destruction OF
German life and German possessions
As one distinguished American editor
remarked to this writer q few hours
ago: Hitler is carrying the Morgen-
thau plan into effect" II her history
has been bitterly ironic, 1t is surely now
in Germany.
tCopyright, 1945.)
Evening star., 1945-04-28
The Hospital Bill

During the extensive hearings on
the Tydings-Bilbo bill. authorizing
Federal aid in the postwar construc-
tion of 1,500-bed hospital center in
Washington, there was a clear show
ing of urgent need for this project.
That need arises from the simple
fact that the existing voluntary hos
pitals cannot provide the medical
care required by the Capitals greatly
increased wartime population and
cannot hope to make available ade-
quate medical facilities after the
war. The reasons supporting the
case for Federal aid were explored
fully in the course of the hearings.
They are all in the printed record,
available for examination by any
interested member of Congress.
On the basis of this record. the
Senate District Committee was
unanimous in its favorable report on
the bill. And the Senate, presumably
influenced by the absence of objec-
ton to the bill, also approved it
without dissent. It is against this
legislative background that Senator
Ellender has moved for reconSidera-
tion-a maneuver which prevents
House action on the measure by
holding it in the Senate until an
other vote is taken.
The Louisiana Senator does not
challenge the inadequacy of Wash
ingtons hospital facilities. Nor does
he seem to have given much consid-
Grafton to the persuasive arguments
in the record in behalf of Federal
aid in financing the hospital project.
Instead, he appears to be con-
cerned mainly with his own belief
that the people of the District do
not pay enough taxes. That con-
tention has been refuted time and
again, and it cannot be sustained
now on any factual basis. It is
not an issue. however. that is ger
name to the Tydings-Bilbo bill, and
to debate it at this time would
merely serve to muddy the waters.
The question is whether the need
exists and whether the Federal obli-
cation has been established. It is to
be hoped that the Senate will stand
by its original position on these
points. and that it will act on the
Ellender motion without delay so
that the bill can be sent on to the
House.
Evening star., 1945-04-28
This Changing World
BY L0nsf0nfine BrOtvn


no bearing either on the future peace Of
the world or on the San Francisco Con-
ference. The Russians are anxious to
obtain . seat for the Poles at San
Francisco. But II they cannot now Inn
pose the government they themselves
have installed In Warsaw, they prefer to
leave things as they are and let Poland
join later.
Premier Stain is said to be under the
impression that the United States and
Great Britain had agreed at Yalta that
Russia should extend-with the inclu-
sion of strong zones Of influence
roughly from the Baltic to the Adriatic
Seas, and is determined to insist upon
that alleged agreement.
X +
These matters need have no direct
bearing on the San Francisco Confer
ence except that they indicate clearly
that Russia, while agreeable to lend q
helping hand to establish a world secu-
rity organization, still believes that a
bird In hand is worth two in the bush.
The San Francisco parley will be
splendid thing If 1t can bring forth posi-
tive results, but in the meantime the
Russians want their own security
against whatever foe the future may
produce. And the Russian Premier Is
determined to expand Russia's bastions
far west into Europe by a system of
alliances Of her own.
This, of course, is a different point
OF view from that expounded by the
political thinkers in the west. But Pre-
mier Stain is Indifferent and to great
extent suspicious of their philosophy.
Moreover, he sees no reason why his own
determined policy should conflict with
what the other United Nations intend
to accomplish at San Francisco. There
Is no reason, in his way of thinking,
why the territories for which Russia has
shed blood should not remain in Rus
sia's permanent zone of influence. and
at the same time another western"
system of security should not also be
Organized
Evening star., 1945-04-28
The Final Decision
FROM the.st. John Teleeraph-Journal

from the~St. John Telegraph-Journal
Dying animals sometimes have spasms
which can be deadly to those near at
hand. The lighting forces Of Germany
are steadily diminishing, but 1t is really
the German nation, as distinguished
from the government, or the Reichswehr,
that Will make the essential decision,
even Il 1t seems to be no decision but
only hopeless collapse.
Evening star., 1945-04-28
IOrgau and San Francisco
By Maj. George FieIdine Eiiof

SAN FRANCISCO, April 27.-The
Russian armies have joined hands with
the Anglo-American armies from the
west. Germany is cut in twain.
That is the great military news of the
hour. But it is more than just military
news. 1t is news which has had an
electric effect on all the affairs and
prospects of the United Nations
throughout the world, and nowhere has
this effect been felt more than here in
San Francisco. Here the delegates of 46
nations, met to conserve the fruits of
victory, received the news of victory with
rejoicing; but after the first excitement
there was Immediately evident a re-
action of solemn rededication to the
task here in hand.
Yesterday, April 26, the United Ma
tions Conference held its first plenary
session, at which it was necessary for
the temporary chairman, Secretary of
State Stettinius, to announce that the
first meeting of the Steering Committee
to consider matters relating to the
organization Of the conference had been
compelled to adjourn without reaching
an agreement on the very first subject
to be brought before it: The selection of
permanent chairman for the plenary
sessions, and for the executive and
steering committees of the conference.
For this post Mr.. Stettinius was nomi-
mated by British Foreign Secretary
Anthony Eden, but there was opposition
from Russian Foreign Commissar Molo-
tov, who wanted the Craftsmanship ro-
tated among the four sponsoring powers.
This comparatively trif1ing difficulty
made good many unpleasant-looking
headlines and created an unfortunate
impression here which seems altogether
out of proportion to its actual i'm
portance.
But that impression has been wiped
off the slate by the news that the fight
ing men of the two armies have met and
are today, in Marshal Stains historic
words, standing shoulder to shoulder
on the territory Of Germany" It seems
impossible, to Judge from this early
reaction, to suppose that minor differ
ences can long delay the progress of
this conference, whose task Is to make
secure the victory that the soldiers have
sacrificed so much to win. Men sitting
in security around council table In
San Francisco cannot continue to be
divided over minor matters when the
soldiers are shaking hands as they join
on the battlefield.
The spirit in which the troops Of
the two armies met was well expressed
by Maj. ,Anaphim Larionev Of the 5sth
Guards Division of Marshal Konevis
forces, who stood beaming with Joy In
the command post Of the Goth United
States Division as he said: This Is q
great dQy the Ynontino of turO aotiny,s
We extend warmest greetings and con-
gratulations on the destruction Of
Naztism. We hope this meeting will be
the basis for peace in the world to come. !"
q the soldiers are thinking and talking
Ike that, It Is hardly possible for the
delegates to do otherwise.
From the strictly military viewpoint,
Evening star., 1945-04-28
Anticlotter
From the Pathfinder Magasine.

A farmer carrying two buckets Of
blood appeared at Wisconsin Agricul.
ture Experiment Station. He wasn't
thinking about heart disease. AL he
knew was that his cows blood wouldn't
clot. They were dying from hemorrhage.
Doctors soon isolated the cause.
Spoiled sweet clover In the cows diet
contained an anticoagulant. Now, that
substance may become one Of the great
est life savers Of medical history. In
iected Ia the blood It keeps clots from
forming. holds hope for coronary throm-
bosis victims who die when q blood clot
obstructs the hearts arteries.