davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-10
BOMBERS CAPSIZE NAZI LINER

PARIS April (INS)-An unidentified 660-fOot-long
German liner capszed during attack by American
heavy bombers against Ke April g. strategic air force
headquarters announced tonight One submarine, two
mnesweepers and three other vessels sunk in the
raid
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-10

dashboard and every conceivable
gadget.
The car was said 10 have six
forward speeds and a speedometer
which registered up to 140 miles
an hour.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-10

Vienna
Defense


MOSCOW, April 9 (INS)-Ger-
man defenses in the heart of
Vienna crumbled today as Russian
armies on the far-flung Eastern
Front opened new drive to top
pie the Silesian capital Of
Breslau.
Frontline dispatches said that
Red forces driving for the heart
OF the Austrian capital had split
Nazi defense forces in two in that
city.
To the north other Russian
troops were intensifying their
drives to mop up behind the lines
resistance in Breslau. KoenigSberg
and Courland.
ENTER kOENIGSBERG
The Reds in bitter fighting en-
gulfed three of Vienna's rail
stations and destroyed more than
5000 Nazis.
simultaneously the Third White
Russian Army opened the last
phase of the battle for East Prus-
sia in a two-pronged attack on
Koenigsberg, breaking into the
city from the northwest and south
where they overcame desperate
to capture the main rail
station and port area.
CAPTURE PRAYNO
Fierce fighting also Jared
along the Second Ukrainlan front
where the Red army drove the
NaZis back toward the Yah River
and captured the rail town of
Pravno.
Marshal Tolbukhin broadcast a
message to the Austrians saying
Russia has no desire to make any
territorial or social changes in
the country.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-10
FDR MARKS DATE OF DENMARK ATTACK

WASHINGTON, April QNS)-Presdent Roosevelt
today marked the fifth anniversary of the Naz attack
Denmark and Norway with statement that sOOn their
period of martyrdom will be ended" The President
emphasized that people of these occupied countries will
join in the work of preserving world peace.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-10
On the Spot
At t6:15 P N.

Why arc you asked 10 limit your
phone calls 10 five minutes
please? -?
Why can't you obtain a new
telephone today?
Why are the information oper-
atorS overworked needlesSly?
When will all the people who
want them be able 10 get new
telephones
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-10
3 BROADER GENERALS GET PROMOTIONS

WASHINGTON April 8 QNS)-Presdent Roosevelt
today nominated Brig. Gen Ben namin Wiley Chidaw to
be major general in the air corps, and Brig Gen. Claude
A. Larkn and Brig Gen. William p. T. Hill to be twO-star
generals in the marine corps
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-10
FIRST HAND STORY

Al Hodge of WXYZ transcribes
programs ION the spot in retail
shops and markets, in coal yards.
gas stations, butcher shops, fac
tories-to bring you a first-hand
account of why many of our
merchants, dealers and manufac-
turers are "on the spot" today.
To get these interesting inside
facts. tune in on WXYZ (1270
kilocVclesl at 6.l5 D. N. TODAY.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-10
WOMEN WALK OUT

The 10 strikers al the rubber
company are women in the band
department and electrical truck
ers They were said to be pro-
testing the piece rate wage scale,
A Continental spokesman said
few workers walked out there
in an argument over policy" The
company was forced to send sew
eral more workers home, he said.
Production elsewhere in the plant
continued.
On the credit side Of the labor
ledged. 500 workers at the Tim
ken Detroit Axle Co. reported for
work on the morning shift, ending
a SiX-day walkout.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-10

Buy War Savings Stamps tire
convenient way. Order them
delivered TO your door from your
Detroit Times carrier-saIesman.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-10
.ata'3z;S+lg

LID CLAMPED ON MECHANICAL REFRIGERATORS
WASHINGTON, April (UP)-Householders will
get mechanical refrgeratOrs from the nations
stOckpie the War Production Board said today. The
$4,000 domestic refrigeratOrs of the original 100000 left
i'm the national will be assigned only for the most
essential military and public health needs WPB said.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-10
In The Times TO-DAY

D6C LAKE LINES TO CLEVELAND
Every night ~ li3 so. Travel IN comfort.
Foot OF Third ST. ca $500.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-10
THE WEATHER
HOURLY TEMPERATURES

The sun viii sci at sos ?. m. today
and rise tomorrow al 6:S9 a. m
The moon will set at 4.39 . m TO-DAY
and rise tomorrow az Sal a. m.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-10
ANSWERS TONIGHT

For tho answers TO these and
other pertinent questions about
the wartime problems OF the Mich
igan Bell Telephone Co. tune in
at 6:15 tonight TO Radio Station
WXYZ.
Al that time will be broadcast
the second in a series of "On the
Spot programs, sponsored by
WXYZ and The Detroit Times to
tell Mr.. and Mrs. 'Detroiter some
of the facts and figures about
presents day problems now facing
those in this area.
Al els p. m. each Monday and
Friday. the "On the Spot pro-
grams are aired. to explain the
acknowledgements reasons for war
time shortages of goods and serv-
ices, and 10 tell the consumer
what he can best do 10 help over
come these shortages.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-10
1000 Out
I'm Firing
Dispute

A strike of 1000 UAW-ClO
workers at the military plant Of
the Kelsey-Hayes Wheel Co., and
another walkout at the u. S. Rub
Der Co., this time of 1l0 workers,
marked a new fiareup on the De-
troit labor front this afternoon.
In addition, an unannounced
number of workers were sent
home from the chip and cooling
department at Continental Motors
and strikes involving 200 employees
at the Draper Motors Corp, and
700 at the Gear Grinding Co. con-
tinued.
At Kelsey-Hayes. the firing of
plant committeeman Earl Rosen-
feldt. because he aSsertedly
elected a foreman, led the work
ers 10 walk out.
COMMITTEEMEN FIRED
officials of UAW-CIO Local ;174
asserted that three committeeman
and the chief steward were dis
charged att he Kelsey-Hayes Nc
Graw plant. This action, they
said, might precipitate a strike
there. The discharged committee
men. the union said, were Chester
Mullins, Harry Mitchell and Jack
Silverthorn. The steward is Henry
Abrams.
The Kelsey strike halted pro-
duction on wheels for tanks, jeep
parts and ammunition.
Seniority rights were held re-
Sponsible for the trouble al the
McGraw plant.
The midland journal., 1945-01-05
Sleeping Drugs

"Promiscuous use" of sleeping
drugs has been blamed by a COM
mittee of the American Medical as
sociation for "habit formations,
toxic cumulative action and being
factor in motor accidents and cases
of criminal assault" says Coronet.
Patients hospitalized for barbiturate
cures are reported as daily addicts,
"occasionals" who have been on
drug-sprees, or victims of overdose.
The ill-effects are the same - they
may include hallucinations, chronic
drowsiness, squints, deep depression
and unsteadiness of the hands and
legs. Causes for barbiturate-addic-
tion are numerous; among them
one-time alcoholism, menopause, in
somnia, worry, neuroses, and physi-
cal pain. Many people take the pills
for sleeplessness, at first then
acquire a need for them in order
to sleep at all.
The midland journal., 1945-01-05
New Revenues

New sources of municipal reve-
nue. were tapped, or taxes on old
sources increased during 1943, by
one of every 10 communities in the
country with more than 10000 popu-
lation.
Significant developments in the
municipal revenue field included
adoption Of admission taxes, more
extended use of garbage collection
charges and sewer rentals and an
attempt to tax gross receipts or ex-
cess profits of private utilities.
Municipalities Of Alabama, Arkan-
sas, Kansas, Oregon, South Carolina
ana Washington, also, were granted
new or larger shares Of state-col-
lected revenues by their legisla-
lures, according to a survey of new
sources of local revenues by the
international City Managers associ-
alton.
The midland journal., 1945-01-05
THE WAR

There are few bright lights in
this dark world of war; but no one
has presented clearer picture of the
situation in tie Philippines than Gen
Carlos P. Romulo, who was not only
penned-up with General Macarthur
at Bataan, but who also went back
to the Philippines with Macarthur,
and remained there until he was or
dered back to America by President
Osmena. In an address before the
National Press Club, Romulo said
spiritually, the Japanese are trying
to break us. They could not. The
Christian religion held the Filipino
with his Church and his political
faith held him to America. They
could not resist hunger, but poverty
of the soul they could and did resist
During those lost years under the
Japanese they have learned to stand
alone; in chains, in poverty, in beg
gary, but they stood united, and with
loyalty to but one other nation
America"
The midland journal., 1945-01-05
Tung Nut

Estimates of tung nut production
in five commercial states-Georgia.
Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, and
Louisiana-were published by the
Bureau of Agricultural Economics
for the first time. The crop from
the bloom of 1943 is estimated at
$500 tons compared with the pre-
ceding crop of 1880 tons. The pres
ent crop was severely damaged
by freezes. Production of tung oil in
the United States in the calendar
year, 1914 probably will be about
2.8 million pounds compared with
). 2 million pounds in 1943. This fore
asst is made on the basis of the
lverage relationship between pro
uction Of nut crops and output OF
,il in the crop years 1910 to 1912.
The average price received by
.rowers for the 1943 crop is esti-
mated at $96.40 per ton compared
With $91.8 per ton for the 1912 crop
and $4l.9O per ton for the 1899 crop.
The price has increased each year
since 1899. The total value of the
l943 crop in five states for which
production is reported is estimated
at 1897 900 compared with 81 sol 900
for the 1912 crop. The 1899 crop was
valued at $4,000.
The midland journal., 1945-01-05
Electric Motors Long
Lasting if Given Care

Electric motors will give years of
uninterrupted service with very little
care, but that little care is ex-
tremely important.
Motor bearings must be lubri-
Gated at definite intervals other
wise neglect may ruin bearings and
cause injury to the motor winding.
Light petroleum oils are generally
used for motors with sleeve bear
ings; soft greases for ball bearings.
The lubricating device usually indi-
Gates the type of lubricants used.
but ones best guide is the instruc-
ton book.
Motors must be kept clean of
dirt and dust around coils and wind
ings. Excess oil must be wiped off,
and the motor blown clear with an
inverted vacuum cleaner. Carbon
tetrachloride will remove oil and
greases.
Burnt out motors are generally
caused by overlooking, low voltage,
too tight belts, or failure of the start
ing mechanism. Overlooking is
usually caused by lack of lubrica-
ton of the motors or the driven
machine, misadjustment of parts,
blocking of the driven machine as
in the case of frozen water pump,
or TIN ough use of lubricants which
become stiff at low temperatures.
The midland journal., 1945-01-05
"The American soldier has Tough

1.-THE American soldier has fought
to preserve liberty abroad; he will
insist upon its extension at home, =
says Bishop G.. Bromley Oman, of
New York. Liberty must be used to
establish equality and thus insure
fraternity. The returning soldier will
not be content witk promises to es-
tablish justice in some indefinite flu
ture. The soldier is man of action.
To ask man who has worn a nui-
form of his country to support him
self by selling apples is to demand
that he sell his soul. These men have
seen tkeir comrades give their lives
for freedom. They will not give theirs
to injustice. The soldier will cooper
ate with sane proposals designed t..
achieve justice. and is ready to move
slowly if progress is sure; but he will
have none Of marking time"
The midland journal., 1945-01-05
Wax Fireplace

Fireplaces, no matter how we'll
constructed, seem bound to smoke
under some conditions. The cumu-
lative result on a fireplace framed
with white painted mantel is to
darken the paint by coating it with
a sooty, adhesive film which may be
resistant to ordinary cleaning. Wax
ing of the clean white or light-col-
ored woodwork around the fireplace
can be big aid in keeping the franz
ing of the fireplace bright and at
tractive. If the paint is already dis
colored by the smoke, it should be
cleaned thoroughly and then repaint-
ed or enameled. When the job is
thoroughly dry, it should be waxed
with good grade of wax. When the
waxed surface becomes so impreg-
mated with smoke or SCOT that it
resists cleaning and needs renewing,
a self-polishing wax can be removed
with warm, soapy water, or liquid
wax can be removed by rubbing
with more liquid wax applied with
cloth. 1t is important to remember
that self-polishing wax and liquid
wax are of different compositions
and require different treatment. Care
should be taken to see that the fire
is out and that the air is free from
ash or dust particles when fresh
paint or wax is being used, and that
the fire is not started again until the
protected surface of the white wood
work is perfectly dry.
The midland journal., 1945-01-05
CORN LOAN PROGRAM

Many Maryland farmers are ex-
pected to think twice" while con-
sidering the advantages offered them
in the 1914 corn loan program, ac-
cording to Jos. II. Blandford, Mary
land AAA Chairman. Although not
many Maryland farmers have particle
pated In government corn loan pro-
grams in years past, a much larger
number of farmers have shown inter-
est in the current plan.
The corn loan rate, which is set at
Sill a bushel for No. 3 grade or
better, is the highest in the country,
with but one exception. Eligible far
mers have until May 81, 1945 to
make application for the loan.
There have been indications that
.he Commodity Credit Corporation
will be willing to purchase the corn
under laon on September 1, 1945, at
10 cents bu'shel above the loan
rate or for total of S121 bushel.
The current market price has been
Iround $1.09 a bushel in Maryland.
Farmers interested in obtaining a
i5f4 corn loan, Salu BlanuIOrQ,
should first consult their county AAA
;cmmittees. Arrangements will then
e made to inspect the storage facili-
les on the farms and take official
.ampies of the corn for grade and
moisture determinations. The far
mer then receives his money from the
.Jin loan as soon as the necessary
papers for the ansaction and ap-
ploval have been obtained or execu-
ed. Generally This is done in coop
ration with a local bank.
The Sill bushel loan rate ap-
jlies to all Maryland corn grading
10. or better with not more than
s per cent moisture. Reduced rates
ppiy on corn with moisture content
S high as 20 1s per cent.
The midland journal., 1945-01-05
WHY MARGARINE is SCARCE

Good margarine is scarce and be-
coming scarcer still-despite close to
ecord production.
Ten-month figures from the War
FOOD Administration show that 49,
100000 pounds of the spread were
manufactured between January
nd October 80, 1944-a processing
pace approximately equal to 1943
yhen an all time record total Of &c.
$1,000 pounds was produced. Yet,
ONE brands are more difficult to OBJ
lin than butter.
Officials of The Best Foods, Inc,
manufacturers of Nucoa, one of the
sading margarines, say that equit-
Jle distribution is one of the great
81 problems of the industry and has
oeen for months. Best Foods margar-
le business is no war baby. There
as large and growing market be-
IRE the butter shortage and ration
.riff of 20 red points on butter pro-
iuced TIE greatest margarine demand
/ all time Further, millions of Am
lican families have recognized the
roduct as good wholesome food
nd eat it because they like it.
THE PRICE OF FARM LANDS
Farm land values in many parts
the United States have been ap-
roacking boom levels. The Farm Sc
urity Administration has been try
ng to regulate prices by stimulating
oans to enable buyers to make
living and pay for their farms-over
n almost unthinkable period of for
y years.
Bib business has been done in
stalking tenant purchase loans, the
tverage amount of the loan being up
10 $4,000.
The Government reports indicate
hat imitation in the value and sale
farm lands is far less than was
4nticipated-judged by experience
IN World War I when prices were
clown through the roof, and farms
were sold in the wheat and corn belts
at $500 to 500 an acre. Most of
chose lands had been held at prices
before the war;. so to 20 per cent
less That was imitation at its worst.
The midland journal., 1945-01-05
GETTING THE WIRES CROSSED

The war seems to be headed in the
usual direction. The discussion of the
Polish problem, and affairs in Greece,
and elsewhere, indicates the usual
selfish desire of the warning nations
to seize some other peoples land,
possessions, oceans, airways.
The United States entered this war
as champion of Freedom. We were
licked in the peace framed after
World War 1. But we have chance
this time to use our diplomatic forces
and power in behalf of freedom.
Let's have discussion now Tie
more intensive it is, the better for all
of us. We don't want anybody's land;
we have enough of our own. There
fore we must use strong arguments
and employ our common sense and
brains in search of new Freedoms.
The midland journal., 1945-01-05
All CLUB'ERS WHO ''FEED A
FIGHTER" ARE HONORED

With the maxim, AN army fights
it's stomach in mind, Maryland's g
1000 Ali Club boys and girls, this
ear have done major job in food
reduction. AT least 2,20O All club
is throughout the state are slated
y receive Feed a Fighter certifi-
Ates for having produced sufficient
ood for one or more persons in the
rmed services, Mylo S. Downey
and Dorothy Emerson, state All Club
gents at the University of Maryland,
ave announced.
Approximate enrolment by pro-
ects shows the following: 5000 club
.lembers produced garden crops;
900 poultry club members; 500
airy club members; 175 beef club
lemberS; $50 swine club members;
$50 club members in home furnish
gs; 1860 in home management;
100 in food selection and prepara-
IN; 1860 in clothing; and 1,250 in
epihg personal accounts.
Maryland All Club work has in
ased in volume and broadened in
pc since the early 1920s, when
: Maryland Bankers Association
I'd member banks began giving as
-s,~l1.c - III clubs
A total Of Sc All club delegates,
presenting Fl Maryland counties,
tended the Junior Leadership
Workshop Conference held at the
University of Maryland.
The midland journal., 1945-01-05
WHAT KIND OF PEACE?


Washington, d. c., January 2
.1945-Ever since the beginning OF
the war the United States kas direct
ed it's efforts toward strengthening
the powers of administration and or.
ganization. The so-called isolation
lists" were nearly all hold-overs OF
pre-war times when citizens joined
their voices in proclaiming hopes thai
our country might keep out of war.
Up to the day when TIE japanese
quit stalling with fake diplomacy IL
Washington and attacked Pearl Har'
Dor our Government and our people
were not committed to Joining the
war.
At that time our Government was
making things awfully hot for Com
munists in all parts of the United
States. But in few short months
Soviet Russia was welcomed as oul
partner in the European war. The
armies Of tke United Nations fought
the same enemy in Europe, and from
military point of view they were on
an equal level.
In due time President Roosevelt
and Prime Minister Churchill worked
closely together. After these two
statesmen had met with Stain re
ports indicated that the Big Three
were sailing over peaceful seas on the
good ship called "Tke Atlantic Char
.er."
Many international gatherin S
we're held and the United Nations ap
peared to be thrilled with the agree
ments reached by the Dumbarton
Oaks Conference. A very few weeks
later Great Britain indicated its dis
satisfaction, and Russia followed the
same course. Then the White House
Indicated tkat our own Government
.isagreed with Churchill and Stain
President Roosevelt made state
ment before press conference saying
hat Atlantic Charter had never beer
an official international document
and had not been signed by either
himself or Churchill. Thus the Allan
tic Charter became one of those in
struments to which William Jennings
Bryan had given the title, long ago
a scrap of paper
The Dumbarton Oaks agreement
uttered heavily in the loss of pres
.ige. The whole American public wa
isturbed over the threat against a
lew world peace organization. The
League of Nations popp ID up,
promptly, to remind tke world that it
has forty-five members and lot OF
money and lot of supporters. Fur
.hermore, the League expects the
,orty-five member nations to get be-
lind the League and reorganize, and
ecognize it, as the Worlds peace or
ganization.
So there you are at the end of
1914. While our military forces are
having terrible experiences on the
European battlefront there has also
oeen disturbing slump in concerted
Efforts among the United Nations.
rhe situation is not good!
The midland journal., 1945-01-05
Presidential Inauguration

There are lot of reasons why the
Inauguration in Washington is being
neld down to small dimensions. Per-
haps one of these reasons is pro bon
publico." They've seen Mr. Roosevelt
inaugurated three times ALREADY
yet" Another reason is that there
are no lodgings, accommodations, or
ample food in Washington for an ex-
ira SO thousand Inauguration sight
seers: Then again, you need not be
asked: Don't you know there is a
war on?'''
Consulting the record one may
read this strange plank In the Demo-
cratic National Platform for 1919:
I'VE favor single Presidential term,
and to that end urge the adoption of
an amendment to the Constitution.
The midland journal., 1945-01-05
PROPOSED 1045 MILK GOAL

In announcing proposed food pro-
duction goals for 1945, the War Food
Administration is asking for 120 bill
lion pounds of milk to be produced.
This is an increase of per cent over
the estimated production of 1882 bill
lion pounds for 1914 and 16 per cent
above the 1935-39 average.
AS goal for milk cows on farms
(average for the year, for 1945 the
War Food Administration set fig
ure of 26.345 million, an increase of
/ per cent over the 26.112 million
cows indicated for 1914 and IL per
cent above the 1935-39 average.