davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-08-31
1000 More Prisoner!
Reach Rescue Ship
Off Yokosuka Base
All Freed From Seven
Jap Comps Suffering
From MuInutrition
Ey the Associated Press

Ey the Associated Press.
ABOARD U. S. S. ANCON, off
YokoSuka, Aug. 3l.-Emaciated
and starving, 1000 more Allied
prisoners of war reached this
rescue ship today. Some said
they had spent months in soli-
tary confinement under constant
threat of death.
Thus far 1,494 prisoners have been
freed from seven camps. Many of
the gallant survivors of Wake and
Bataan were among them.
Every one rescued was suffering
from malnutrition, Navy Comdr.
Harold Stassen, former Minnesota
Governor, reported, and 80 per cent
of them showed serious deficien-
cies."
The worst cases we're at Shini-
gawa Hospital-"No, don't call it a
hospital, call 1t hellhole. The
filth was indescribab ble," Stassen
added.
Fingers Scared by Torture.
A DR.. Gottfried. who had been
a Navy doctor at Guam, had been
put to work there with pick ard
shovel-and not allowed TO give any
professional aid to fellow prisoners.
Comdr. Stassen related
. A few of the prisoners, had scar
red flngers-evidently the result of
japanese torture.
One "inquisition center from
which several men were liberated
will not be further, identified until
after it is fully occupied.
At "hellhole hospital" one Aus
tralian patient had died "a hours
before the Americans arrived, and
was still unburied A British destroyer
provided a guard of honor and he
was buried with full military rites
Despite the hazard. prisoners said
they always welcomed American
bombing raids on Japan.
Conditions Better After Surrender.
Many B-29 crewmen were among
the prisoners and had been beaten
severely; airmen, like submariners,
were placed in special" classifica-
tiOn nv the cantorS
Conditions improved after Japan S
surrender was announced, the pris-
oners saidi Beatings were less
frequent. and from plane dropped
rations the men got their first real
meal in months.
Prisoners will be sent home as
soon as possible. Air transportation
will be provided if available
Among the survivors on the mercy
ship Reeves was Comdr. Richard
O'Kane of Durham, N. H., skipper
of the United States submarine
Tang, torpedoed off Formosa last
October 25.
Boyington's Broken Ankle Ignored.
Maj. Gregory Boyington, 26-plane
Marine ace missing since January
3, 1914, and unheard from until
Americans occupied Japan, said his
-
Evening star., 1945-08-31
BY GARNETT D. HORNER.

The American public was better
informed through its newspapers
of the status of negotiations with
the japanese in the critical days
preceding Pearl Harbor than were
the Army and Navy commanders
in Hawaii.
This was apparent today from a
study Of The Stars files for that
period in comparison with dis
closures in the Army and Navy Pearl
Harbor reports.
The Army report said Maj. Gen.
Walter s. Short, commander of the
Hawaiian department at the time
OF the attack on Pearl Harbor, re-
ported he did not know until months
later Of the presentation OF a note
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Macarthur Meets
Gen. Wainwright al
Yokohama Hotel
Impressive Scene Is
Enacted os They
Discuss Experiences
Ey the Associated Press.

. NEW YORK. Aug. 31.--CBS thi.
morning distributed the following
from Correspondent William j
Dunn under a Tokyo date line:
One of the most impressive meet.
lngs of the Pacific war took place
here just few moments age wher
1t. Gen. Jonathan NJ Wainwright
for 3l2 years prisoner of the
japanese, sat down with Gen. Doug.
las Macarthur, whom he succeeded
in the command of American forces
at Corregidor.
The meeting took place in a pri-
vate dining room of the New Grand
Hotel where Gen. Macarthur anc
members of his staff awaited Gen
Wainwrights arrival.
(The New Grand Hotel actually
is in Yokohama, Tokyo's port to
the south of the capital)
There was no ovation. Macarthur
just wrung Wainwright's hand anc
said simply: Well, I'm glad to see
you!"
Wainwright, obviously in fine spir.
its, appeared to swallow momen.
tarily before he answered: I'm
glad to see you, tooi'
That was. all. Handshakes and in
Productions followed and then Gen
Sir Archibald Percival former com
mander at Singapore and a Jar
prisoner even longer than Vain.
wright, entered the party. He, too
had been hurried here by air al
Gen. MacArthur's invitation to be
present at the party and to sign the
peace terms.
The group sat down to discuss
long years of separation and tc
eat food served by the bowling and
smiling japanese walters, who sour
ried here and yonder as though
they, too, we're important-rathe1
significant to the occasion.
e During the course of the dinner
Wainwright took the opportunity tc
thank Macarthur for assistance
the commander in chief had giver
him while prisoner. There coule
be no mistaking the attitude of bott
Wainwright and Percival for the
supreme commanders efforts ir
making sure that they we're both
present at the final signing.
Gen. Wainwright told NBC Cor.
respondent Merrill Mueller thai
boy, this is what I've been waiting
for for three and a half years.
couldn't be happier"
Tonight in Yokohama, he added
again a free American officer with
a weapon in my hand, my heartfelt
gratitude goes out to the American
people, the administration and Wal
Department, for the generous ane
sympathetic understanding of the
dire misfortune which befell me II
the Philippines in May of 1912.
Through the kindness and gen.
erosity of my great commander, Gen
(See WAINWRIGHT page All
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Lute Bulletins
Two Held in Erwin Death

A coroner's jury investigat-
ing the death of Herbert w.
Erwin, Al, Colesville (Md.)
book salesman. today held
Charles w. Warner, 40, of the
400 block of Mount Vernon
place NV, an unemployed
bellhop, and William r. Pratt,
IS, a bellhop living in the 1000
block of Eleventh street NV,
for grand jury action and re-
leased Albert Schrier, 80, a
house detective at the Raleigh
Hotel on grounds that he had
no connection with Ervin's
death.
Earlier Story on Page A-5.)
Risk Bonus Eliminated
The Government today
eliminated the wartime "voy-
age" risk bonus for the ap-
proximately $4,000 American
merchant seamen, but the
War Labor Board directed an
immediate increase in base
pay Of S45 a month for most
Of those affected by the ac-
tion.
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Leaders
Continue 10 Demand
Pearl Harbor Trials
Threaten to Conduct
Own Inquiry Unless
Action Is Ordered
(Tert OF Hun and Sttmson letters
on Page A.
By the Associated PNss.

( ~ tlo HSeuSintth rCoes
/ Capitol Hill resounded today
with clamor for further official
investigation of Pearl Harbor.
/ Legislative leaders of both parties
declared fatty that if court martial
are not ordered for those censured
in Army-Navy findings, Congress
will conduct its own hearings.
Those leaders, speaking privately
for the most part, said the people
want and should be given more facts
than were made public in documents
released by President Truman We'd
nesday.
No committee chairman would
promise an inquiry initiated by hts
own group. but several told re-
porter there was no doubt Congress
would insist on the full story.
Hull Letter Made Public.
Meanwhile. the State Department
released letter written by former
Secretary of State Hull September
%, 1914, in which Mr. Hull staunchly
denied that his prewar counter pro-
posals to Japan constituted an ulti-
matum that provoked the japanese
sneak attack on Pearl Harbor.
Secretary of War Stimson, with
some of the investigating boards
report before him at the time, had
written Mr.. Hull about the asser-
ton that Mr. Hull on November 26.
l94l, before the Japanese struck on
December 7, delivered what the en-
emy construed as an "ultimatum"
to japanese ENJOYS Notwithstanding
plea to the late President Roose-
welt by Gen. George C. Marshall,
Army Chief of Saff, and Admiral
Harold R. Stark, then chief of naval
operations, that mo ultimatum of
any kind should be made to Japan"
The Army boards report on the
disaster had said Mr.. Hull touched
the button" that started the war.
Typical of today's congressional
assertions was this comment to a
reporter by House Republican whip
Arends:
THE people are entitled to the
full story. If they don't get it from
the armed forces, they'll ask us to
dig it out. Naturally, we do what
the public wants"
Resolution Prepared.
At Detroit Senator Ferguson, Re-
publican, of Michigan, said a resolu-
tion calling for a full Senate in
vestigaNon of the attack is on his
desk in Washington and will be pre-
sented to the chamber as soon as it
reconvenes next week. Senator Byrd,
Democrat, of Virginia also called for
a full inquiry.
With sentiment apparently mount
ing, too, for action to assure perma-
nent establishment of some form of
unified command for the armed
forces, there were these develop
ments:
l. Chairman Woodrum of the
House Postwar Military Policy Com
mittee said his group probably will
begin hearings within a month on
legislation to merge the Army and
Navy into single national depart
ment of defense. AS a temporary
measure, he added, action should be
taken to insure continuation of the
present wartime Joint Chiefs of
Staff.
2. Chairman May Of the House
Military Affairs Committee said he
already has drawn bill to give the
joint staff permanent status Hear
ings on it may be held as soon as
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Thousands of Hurrying Yonks
Jops' First Visitors in Years
Occupation Planes Contrast Sharply
With Shoddy, Rundown Airport

fleet is deployed. Pilots and several
neWsmen said they saw the ack ack
break near their four -engined trans
port.
japanese Guards on Hand.
The initial arrivals lost no time
establishing a perimeter around the
airdrome. 1t was reinforced by
Japanese military and naval police
and patrolled by American MPs and
small japanese naval cadets carry
ing night sticks.
Scattered among the tall khaki
clad veterans the Japanese naval
cadets, representatives of the gov
ernment press and members of the
liaison committee between the field S
commanders and the local military
seemed stunted. They carried them
selves with Difference as if they in
stead of the Yankees were the visit
ors. They were quite obviously i'm
pressed and some frankly admitted
the stature of Gen. Macarthur and
the strength of his men and equip
ment.
1t is believed here that the Japs
ICee CuTppEN po1o Az
Evening star., 1945-08-31

workers, given a three-day reprieve
from work by the new 40-hour order
were toeing the mark for a grand
rush this evening to beaches. re-
sorts and points of interest which
long have gone unnoticed through
the stress of war days.
The Weather Bureau said every.
thing pointed to the kind of days
that used to induce mama to pack
picnic lunch and papa to groom
the old buggy for a sortie into the
country. 1t may be a bit humid ir
the Washington area tomorrow, but
the evening should bring showers
making for cooler Sunday. Mon.
(See HOLIDAY Page All
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Reds toFree Az, 900 Copties

LONDON, Aug. 81 (R.-The Berlin
radio said last night that the Rus
slams had announced they would
release Az, 900 German war prisoners
In, the Soviet Union, most Of whom
were invalids or otherwise unfit for
work.
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Income Of $50 Billion
Needed 10 Meet Job
Goal, Vinson Says
Senate Hearing Told
Consumption Must Rise
500, Construction 10O%
By the Associated Press,

Secretary of the Treasury Vim
son told Congress today a ma
tional income of $50 billion
dollars will be needed to provide
jobs for all who are willing and
able to work.
To insure employment for Co.
100000 persons, purchasing power
must be increased enough to hike
consumption so per cent and to ex-
pand construction and investment
by 100 per cent over prewar levels
Secretary Vinson said in a state
ment prepared for the Senate Bank
ing Committee.
Mr.. Vinson indorsed the full en-
ployment" bill. which the committee
is considering, but cautioned that
ultimate reliance for jobs must
come from an expansion of private
consumption and investments"
Key in Consumption.
The only solution to unemploy-
ment," he said, lis to see that there
are enough jobs at good wages in
private industry.
THE foundation for prosperitv in
this country must be large and
expanding consumption. That is
the only way in which we can also
have large and expanding invest
ment. All of our people must have
the opportunity to enjoy the high
standard of living that our produc-
ing power has made possible"
People no longer believe that pow
erty and unemployment are a nee
essary by-product OF our economic
system, Secretary Vinson said,
since "the war has shown how
enormous the productive capacity
of this Nation really is"
From this wartime experience, the
Secretary said, they know that it
is possible to have well-paid jobs
for all. They will insist on full
employment and steadily rising
standards Of living"
Lesson Called Clear.
Asserting that "the lesson of the
war is clear" Mr.. Vinson said:
This country can produce enough
to provide all of our people with
luxuries and comforts undreamed OF
a generation ago. We can do this il
we use our productive resources
and We can use all of our produc-
tive resources If businessmen know
they will find a market for Their
production"
Businessmen alone cannot be helo
responsible for preventing unem.
ployment, Mr.. Vinson asserted, fol
businessmen cannot assume the
responsibility to keep producing
goods and employing labor in the
face Of an inadequate demand fol
their products"
I'VE must face the fact" Mr.. Vim.
son said, that all of us have a re-
sponsibility to see that our economic
system works efIiciently. that there
are jobs for men and women able
and willing to work.
When we are confronted with
problems of national scope involving
collective responsibility we must look
to the national Government acting
for all the people. to take the leader
ship in their solution"
Evening star., 1945-08-31

p r e S ldent OF
the S W e di S h
Red Cross, de-
tails for the
first time his
t a ks wit h
H e i n r i C h
Himmler a n d
o t h e r N a z i
leaders about
t h e negotia-
tions for Ger
m a n y S sur
render. Told in
a series of six
a r t i C l e S, the
first to appear
Ghe su,
Evening star., 1945-08-31
Food Shortage
And|nf|ationAre
Tokyo Scourge
People Stond in Line
For Everything From
Breed to Streetcurs

Russell Brines, former AsSo-
ciated Press correspondent in
Tokyo, has returned and reports
the changes War has made in the
japanese capitdl.J
Evening star., 1945-08-31
The Inside Story
IOf Nozi Surrender

Count Folke Bernadotte, vice
Evening star., 1945-08-31

(See PEARL HARBOR, Page A
Evening star., 1945-08-31

(See PRISONERS, Page A-2.)
Evening star., 1945-08-31

tSee SHIPPEN, Page A
Evening star., 1945-08-31

(See WAINWRIGHT. Page A-3J
Evening star., 1945-08-31

(See BRINES, Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1945-08-31

tSee HOLIDAY, Page A-5O
Evening star., 1945-08-31

(See JOBLESS, Page A-31
Nogales international. [volume] (Nogales, Ariz.) 1926-1979, 1945-06-01
Congratulations, New Regime!

To James " Robins and Aldermen J. B. Page
Dawes Karam, Walter Noon, Harry G. Chernln, Joe
Figueras and Charles T. Fraizer-all very capable
men-who take office today governing body of this
city for the next years. the Nogales international
extends Congratulations and wishes for successful
term.
We also congratulate ]. NJ Soto, Jr Mayor-Elect
Robins appontee as chief Of police. Mr.. Robins
could not have made better selection for Soto is
thoroughly trained peace officer and one who never
shirks his duty
Both the new mayor and the new chief Of police
are exservice men, each having served in France dur
ing World War |. Being ex-servicemen, naturally
they will give preference to deserving exveterans OF
both World Wars and II seeking jobs with the city
which is as should be- They realize that nothing is
too good for the boys Of IT and those of the present
war who answered the call of their country.
Mayor Robins, very successful attorney, and one
of the best liked men of this community, is probably
better acquainted with the tax laws of Arizona than
any other individual in this county, largely because
he has had much experience as county attorney and
city attorney
He takes office on the eve Of what promises to
be the greatest period of prosperity Nogales ever
enjoyed He will make mayor that Nogaes will be
proud of during the postwar reconverson PERIOD and
he succeeds Louis Hudgin, who was good mayor the
past six years.
Nogales international. [volume] (Nogales, Ariz.) 1926-1979, 1945-06-01
Price Of Victory

First rough estimates Of what it cost the Ameri-
can people to destroy Nazism and bring Germany to
her knees are now making their appearance. The
price in heartache and in suffering never can be
reckoned But the most important item on the balance
sheet of any war is the cost in human lives and cas-
ualty figures which the Army and Navy have releas
ed reveal what this has been.
In the war with Germany, up to the end of March,
148,385 American soldiers, sailors and Marines had
lost their lives Total American casualties, including
wounded and missing, to 1854 This is trag-
icaly heavy price But it cannot be said that it is
disproportonatey large considering the tremendous
number of men involved and the magnitude of the
victory achieved.
American commanders most of their battles
with the greatest possible economy in human life
They sought to defeat the enemy with firepower, in
stead of sheer weight of flesh and blood
Nogales international. [volume] (Nogales, Ariz.) 1926-1979, 1945-06-01

please repeat it the questin, Judge?"
So the judge again SEE, Describe
the significance of Old Glory"
And Andy SEE, "Huh?"
And the judge again seq, "Des-
cribe Old Glory You do know what
Old Glory is, don't you?"
Andy seq, mo, Judge
But the judge, being anxious to
help Andy out, SEE, "Oh come,
come, Andy. You surely know what
Old Glory is, you are just con-
fused.
And Andy SEE, mo, Judge, I
don't know
So the judge seq, Just think a
minute, Andy. I'll give you hint:
What flies over the City Hall?'
"Oh!" SEE Andy, Pigeons"
That's all and best regards
MARTY.
Nogales international. [volume] (Nogales, Ariz.) 1926-1979, 1945-06-01
35th Division
Men Find
Hungry Yanks

WITH THE 35TH INFANTRY
DIVISION IN GERMANY, May 81
In order to contact another unit of
the Ninth Army spearheading to-
ward the Elbe River, Colonel Will
liam S. Murray of Nogales Arizona,
18th Infantry Regiment command
er; Sergeant Robert Mcdonald OF
Sioux City, Iowa, and other 35th
Division radio men, travelled 100
miles.
While doing so, they disarmed IA
Germans, directed scores of others
to move to the rear and surrender,
and entered three villages in which
no American troops had previously
been.
Highlight of the jaunt came when
the group met 500 starving American
soldiers who had been German pris-
oners. The 18th Yanks divided %
*" rations amongst the ex-PW's
who had previously just completed
a 4OO-mile foot march from the
Eastern Front.
Sgt. Mcdonald, radio operator for
the regimental commander, is from
Sioux City, Iowa.
Nogales international. [volume] (Nogales, Ariz.) 1926-1979, 1945-06-01
months of fighting in France.

months of fighting in France.
After being discharged from the
Army, he located at Nogales in 1921.
He was Deputy County Attorney of
Santa Cruz County that year and
in January 1922 married Miss Mary
Duffy, daughter of the late Collec-
tor of Customs Frank j. Duffy, pi-
oneer Nogales attorney with whom
he was associated in the practice of
law for 10 years.
He has had much experience as
County Attorney and City Attorney.
Mr.. Robins is the father of two
children-Miss Virginia Ann Robins
OF Phoenix, and James Robins, Jr.,
10 years of age.
For almost five years Mr.. Robins
has ably discharged his duties as
chairman of the Santa Cruz County
Sclective Service Board, post to
which he was appointed by Former
Governor Robert Jones. He has
served with four other members of
that board periodically and without
remuneration as a small contribu-
ton to the war effort.
Mr.. Robins is a member of the
Elks and Knights of Columbus
lodges, Nogales Rotary Club, Ameri-
can Legion and Chamber of Com
merce.
Nogales international. [volume] (Nogales, Ariz.) 1926-1979, 1945-06-01
] Replica Of Army
Jeep To Be
Awarded Children

PHOENIX, May 31-A replica of
a real army Jeep will be awarded
to the school child in every county
of Arizona who sells war bonds to
the greatest number of individuals
in the Seventh War Loan Drive, it
was revealed today by Mrs. Walter
r. Bimson, state chairman of the
Women'S Division, War Finance
Committee.
The model Jeep, complete with
simulated rubber tires and adjust
able windshield, will delight the
heart of any youngster who wins it,
Mrs. Bimson declared She said the
models are constructed by disabled
veterans of World War II, and hours
of painstaking labor have gone into
their construction
They correspond to the regular
army Jeep right down to the minut-
est detail, Mrs. Bimson added.
Nogales international. [volume] (Nogales, Ariz.) 1926-1979, 1945-06-01
LEGAL NOTICE
NOTICE.:

notice.:
To the Taxpayers and residents
of all School Districts in Santa Cruz
County: NOTICE IS HEREBY
GIVEN TO THE TAXPAYERS
AND RESIDENTS OF SANTA
CRUZ COUNTY, that meeting
will be held by the School Trustees
of the following described school
districts with the residents and tax
payers of their respective school
districts, at eleven o'clock A. M. on
Saturday, June 9, 1915, in order that
the taxpayers and residents may
consider and discuss the proposed
school budgets for their various
school districts for the fiscal year
of 1916 1916, and approve or protest
the inclusion and exclusion of any
| item therein:
Nogales School District No. l:
Administration Building, Nogales,
Arizona.
Calabasas SD No. 8: Calabasas
School House.
Tubac SD. No. 5: Tubac School
House, Tubac, Arizona.
Patagonia School Dist. No. 6:
Patagonia School House, Patagonia,
Arizona
HarshaW SD No. 7: HarShaW
School House.
Lochiel SD No. 8: Washington
Camp School House.
Camille SD No. 10: Camille
School House.
Parker Canyon SD No. IL: Par
ker Canyon School House.
An1ado SD No. 10: Amado School
House, Amado, Arizona.
Montana School Dist. No. 10:
Ruby School House, Ruby, Arizona
Elgin SD No. 20: Elgin School
House, Elgin, Arizona.
Red Rock SD No. %: Red Rock
School House.
Sonoita SD No. 25 Sonoita
School House, Sonoita, Arizona.
Santa Cruz SD No. %: Santa
/ Cruz School House-at sc. River.
Patagonia Union HIS: Patagonia
Union HIS. Bldg, Patagonia, Ari-
IONA.
MRS. CORA EVERHART,
Santa Cruz County School Supt.
Nogales, Arizona.
publish June l, 1945)
Nogales international. [volume] (Nogales, Ariz.) 1926-1979, 1945-06-01
Flores Wounded
| At IwO lima

PFC Jose T. (Bucho) Flores was
reported wounded in action on Two
Jina, March g.
According to letter received by
his wife he is now in a naval hos
pital in that area recovering from
the wounds which neceSsitated am
putation of one of his fingers.
Flores has been in the Marine
corps for 21a years, and has par
ticipated in the operations at the
Marianas, Tinian, Saipan, Marshalls
and Two Jima.
He is a member of the fourth divi-
sion marines.
Prior to joining the marines he
was employed at Harry Corners
Key City Tailors.
Nogales international. [volume] (Nogales, Ariz.) 1926-1979, 1945-06-01
RawSthorne
Passes
Annapolis Exam,

Edgar Rawsthorne, 10 year old son
Of Mr.. and Mrs Ralph Rawsthorne
Of Patagonia, and nephew of Mrs.
J. c. Tovrea of Nogales, has passed
the Annapolis Naval Academy ex-
animation and will enter the acade-
my in June for a four-year course.
Notification to this effect came in
telegram Saturday from the
Washington offices of u. S. Senator
Ernest W. Mcfarland, who appoint
ed Edgar to Annapolis while he
was in combat with the Marines in
the South Pacific.
Young Rawsthorne attended the
Nogales grammar grade schools
from the time he was six years of
age until he moved to Phoenix in
1886. He graduated from North
Phoenix High School in 1913.