davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-01-18
Dewey Turns Down
Inaugural invitation;
II Governors Answer
President to Attend
Religious Ceremony
Before Tokine Oath

Eleven Governors have &C
knowledged the White House in
vitation to Saturdays inaugura-
ton ceremonies, but Gov. Thomas
E. Dewey of New York, President
Roosevelt's fourth-term oppo-
nent, will not be among those in
attendance.
Secretary Stephen T. Early's office
was not certain whether all of the
acknowledgements represented ac-
ceptances, but an Associated Press
dispatch from Albany quoted an
aide of Gov. Dewey as saying that
he will not attend. No reason was
given for Gov. Dewey's decision.
The invitations were started on
their way to inaugural visitors last
Saturday. The White House and
the Joint Congressional Committee
on Inauguration joined in sending
out the letters, with those to the
Governors going from the White
House.
1t was announced today that the
President will attend religious serv-
ices in the east room at 10 am
Saturday as prelude to the inaugu-
raj ceremonies at noon. This is in
conformity with the custom that
Mr.. Roosevelt instituted in 1888
when he visited St. Johns Episcopal
Church, across Lafayette Square
from the White House, before going
to the Capitol to take the oath of
Office then.
Medals to Be Issued.
The anniversary services were
held at st. Johns each March. 4
until the war started. Since then.
they have been held In the east
room, with members of the Presi-
dents family, intimate friends and
high-ranking Government officials
in attendance.
The services will be conducted by
the Rev. John G. Magee and the
Rev. Howard A. johnson of st.
Johns, and the Rev. Howard S. VIII
kinson of st. Thomas, the parish
with which the President is affi-
lated.
1t was announced also that 5000
medals commemorating the inaug-
uration will be issued by COM
m1ttee headed by former Ambas-
sador Joseph E: Davies. The face of
the medal bears the likeness of the
President, fashioned from a por-
trait modelled last month by 10
Davidson, the sculptor.
On the reverse side is the u. S. S.
Evening star., 1945-01-18
Young Bussey Missing
In Action, Navy Reports
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
HOUSTON, Tex, Jan. 18.-Lt.
q. g. Young Bussey, former quarter
back of the Chicago Bears profess
sional football team, is missing in
action. the Navy has informed his
mother, Mrs. Katie Lee Bussey.
Mrs. Bussey said her son had been
on a destroyer in the Pacific and
was in action at Guam. He was
captain of the Louisiana State Uni
versity eleven before joining the
Bears.
Evening star., 1945-01-18
Joe Louis to Defend Title
Against Billy Conn
,y The Associated prexs

by tne AsSoclated Press.
LONDON, Jan. 18.-Heavyweight
Champion Joe Louis will defend his
title again in return bout with
Billy Conn and then will retire, the
Army newspaper Stars and Stripes
will say tomorrow.
Evening star., 1945-01-18
Italy Names Envoy TO U. S.

ROME, Janu. 18 tP).-Alberto Tar
chiani, former Minister of Public
Works In the Badoglio government
has been appointed italian Ambas-
sador to the United States.
Evening star., 1945-01-18
Germans Yield
own 80 Miles
From Lodz
BULLETIN.

LONDON (R.-Premier Sta
lin announced today in an or
der of the day the capture of
Modlin. Is miles northwest of
Warsaw, and 1000 other popu-
lated places. Modlin is a Ger
man strong point guarding the
southern border of East Prus-
sia. The order also said the
town of Przasnysz(50 miles
north of Warsaw and II miles
south of the East Prussian
border, had been captured.
Evening star., 1945-01-18
MAP on Page A.

ES lue ASsoclateO FTeSS.
LONDON, Jan. 18. Russian
troops, rolling forward with mas
Sive momentum in Premier Sta
Inns greatest winter offensive
already may have crossed tn
German frontier into the Goa
and industrial region of Silesia
One Moscow dispatch said it wa
believed Germany was now fightin
on her homeland soil on both tn
east and west fronts.
While there was as yet no officia
confirmation of Russian CROSSING
into Silesia, an Associated Press dis.
patch from the Soviet capital sale
it was certain the Red Army was NJ
more than miles from the frontier
and that Marshal Ivan Konev's gun.
already were shelling German in.
dustrial territory where the smoke
stacks are thick.
Three great Russian armies
000,000-strong on a 250-mile front
were fast liberating all Poland aftel
the capture of Warsaw, Radon
and Czestochowa.
Berlin broadcasts said German
troops were "disengaging them
selves" all the way from Slovakia to
the Polish plains in the face of a
"tenfold Russian superiority" Their
next natural line of defense is the
Oder River, which farther north
runs within 80 miles of Berlin.
1.-THE liberation of Warsaw an
nounces the forthcoming fall ol
Berlin" proclaimed the Moscow
press.
Tomaszow Evacuated.
Berlin, admitting confusion in the
face of the smashing onslaught, sale
Tomaszow, 30 miles southeast Of
Lodz, Poland's greatest industrial
city, had been evacuated and tina
Breslau, Germany's chief industria
city in Silesia, was directly in the
danger zone"
The Lublin radio said Krakow
city of Poland's ancient kings, alst
had been captured.
The forces of Marshal Gregory
zhukov, which took Warsaw, and Of
Marshal Konev were converging OF
Lodz from the east as well as the
south.
zhukov, after taking Zyrardow, q
miles west of Warsaw, struck south
west toward Lodz, 46 miles away
Zhukov was 288 miles from Berlin
Konev's 1st Ukraine Army, which
captured Czestochowa, the Catholic
center known as the Polish
Lourdes," struck for the German
frontier Is miles distant.
SpearheadS Near Kat0wice.
1t was Konev who was closest tc
Berlin, 260 miles, at Czestochowa
His spearheads were just 35 miles
north of KatoWice, the Polish border
town where the first wagonloads OF
wounded were brought back from
the front in this war.
Russian crews in new Stain super
tanks were threatening to cut off a
cluster of German cities in Silesia-
Beuthen, Hindenburg and Gleiwitz-
from the main support of German
armies to the north.
Breslau, on the Oder River, is sc
miles directly west of Czestochowa
At the Oder the Russian armies
would be standing on the line which
Lublin Poles have claimed for their
postwar frontier with Germany.
Military superlatives fell short of
describing the Soviet blows that ex-
ploded along the eastern front. Mos
COW said they were aimed at moth
ing short of total destruction of the
German armies in the east, and Ber-
Evening star., 1945-01-18
BY the Associated Press.

T,oo additional men from
the District area haze been re-
ported killed in this tDar. See
"On the Honor Roll" Page AZ.
Evening star., 1945-01-18
British Forces
|nvadeGern1an\
AT New Point
Advance ~ Miles
Toword Roer River;
Take a Villages
BULLETIN.

LONDON (P.-British troops
today advanced nearly 8 miles
into Germany near Hongen,
center of German district jut-
ting into the Dutch pan
handle.
Evening star., 1945-01-18

(See INAUGURAL, Page A-3J
Evening star., 1945-01-18

(See MANPOWER, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1945-01-18

tSee WESTERN FRONT, Page A-4)
Evening star., 1945-01-18

(See RUSSIA, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1945-01-18

(See PHILIPPINES, Page A-3.
Evening star., 1945-01-18

(See DOG, Page A-14.)
Evening star., 1945-01-18

(see CHURCHILL, Page A-4J
Evening star., 1945-01-18

(See BULGE, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1945-01-18
Guide for Readers

An Associated Press Newspope
Evening star., 1945-07-26
Inquiries About Real Comics

Inquiries About Real Comics
To the Editor of The STAR
Referring to an article in your paper
Of July %, feel pleased that Robert
w. Kenny, president of the National
Lawyers Guild, has protested the recent
cartoon sequence in the comic strip
Little Orphan Annie"
There can be no question that most
of us seek and are intrigued by things
that amuse and entertain us, especially
when the elements of adventure and
uncertainty skillfully are worked in, but
surely there Is nothing elevating or
entertaining about son who busies
himself with burglaries and poisonings,
and mother who murders both her
lawyer and her husband and comes her
self to an untimely end with blackjack
in her hand pursuing the luckless Annie
with murderous intent.
Whatever influence these drawings
effect-and it is admittedly substantial
and however large the profits-and they
are shown to be enormous-many of
them are clearly degrading.
Is it not possible to develop and pro-
duce real comics" based on human
nature and with suficient wit and hu-
NOR to attain the results indicated above
without dipping into all the wells of
iniquity and employment the whole sorry
story of crime and wrongdoing in order
to insure popularity?
MRS. EVELYN M. FORD.
Evening star., 1945-07-26
The World Today
By Pertina1

policy of reparations is to be enforced
in the same way as in the three other
zones, cannot be permanently excluded
from the governing body. But the mo-
ment France is allowed to participate,
admittance cannot be denied to the
other creditors: Belgium, Holland, Nor
way, Poland, Czechoslovakia and Yugo-
slavia. The Soviet Union would not
agree that France should benefit by a
privileged position, with Czechoslovakia,
Poland and Yugoslavia left out
Contrary to the belief of many, no
agreement was reached in Yalta on the
subject of German reparations. The
details which have lately been disclosed
a total amount of some twenty or
thirty billion dollars to be paid within
five years and to be divided among Rus
sia $50 per cent?, England go per cent?
the United States go per cent?, and the
other creditors 90 per cent)-are de-
scribed by competent sources as the
substance of the Russian proposal
which, finally, was dropped. The agree
ment among the three great powers
was put in shape in the course of the
last few weeks.
No attempt is being made to ascertain
the total value in dollars, sterling or
rubles of what the German people will
have to pay under various forms. This
is deemed only too reminiscent of the
ineffective methods followed 20 years
ago. This time, the three great powers
intend to resort to a very different prac-
tice. Within a short period-two or
three years-the German people will be
expected to deliver part of the indus
trial plants, tools, stocks and finished
products they now possess. A painful
process it will be, but not unduly pro-
longed. Meanwhile, deliveries of So
called basic reconstruction materials will
be continued as long as reconstruction
requirements have not been fulfilled.
AS already indicated by this CORE
spondent, whatever is received from
Germany will be divided among Russia.
the United States and Britain in the
proportion of so, Is and rs per cent, re-
spectively. Such figures are to be re-
garded as closely approximate.
The three great creditors are COM
mitted to retrocede parts of their share
to the secondary creditors, the seven
nations mentioned above. The United
States does not want reparations for
itself. German assets in this country
are more than enough to meet all pri-
vate claims. But the United States
wants to have a full share to retrocede;
by such action American bargaining
power all over Europe cannot but be
very materially increased.
North American Newspaper Allisnce)
Evening star., 1945-07-26
The Political Mill
Bv Gould Lincoln

tain peace, says: 1.-THE agreement or
agreements with the counciD shall be
negotiated as soon as possible on the
initiative of the Security Council. They
shall be concluded between the Security
Council and members or between the
Security Council and groups Of members
and shall be subject to ratification by
the signatory states in accordance with
their respective constitutional proc
esses."
The United States, having entered
into a treaty with other nations, the
constitutional process" is cared for
when Congress by legislation takes the
necessary steps to implement the treaty.
1t is not necessary, nor Is 1t contem-
plated, that treaty shall be piled upon
treaty. Further, the Security Council
is not nation, and it is questionable
whether a treaty, as such, could be
made with the council. Senator VAN
denberg Of Michigan, Republican, who
played an important part In drafting
the Charter at the San Francisco United
Nations Conference, frankly declares
that the ratification of the proposed
agreement with the Security Council
by joint resolution Of both houses of
Congress would be entirely within the
constitutional process.
The House should have its say In such
a matter as the ALLEGATION of armed
forces to the Security Council. 1t has
to initiate the legislation for the pay
of those forces. 1t is equally clear, too,
that the House will have not only
right but the duty Of passing upon leg
islation establishing the Office Of United
States representative on the Security
Council. Critics of the Charter appar-
entity fail to understand that the Amer
lean representative on the Security
Council will be, in fact, the United
States-not an individual, and that he
can do nothing toward committing this
country to war without the direction of
the President and the Congress, under
the Constitution. The President can, as
has been done for $50 years, order the
use of armed forces for police duty.
When it comes to making war, however,
he will have to go to Congress.
A weakness of the Charter critics is
that they offer nothing in its place
except perhaps return to isolationism.
They shudder over the prospect of
power politics" Without the Charter
there would be an abundance of power
politics. With 1t, power politics stands
chance Of being minimized.
Evening star., 1945-07-26

In the communique which may be
issued from Potsdam early next week,
making known TO the world the de-
cisions arrived at by the Big Three
in so far as those decisions can be con-
veniently disclosed-the problem of
German reparations is expected to loom
very large. President Truman, Prime
Minister Churchill and Premier Stain
can settle two, If not more, points of
which the commission of reparations
in Moscow did not feel it could dispose.
Only heads of government are COM
petent to deal adequately with them.
In the first place, a general enuncia-
ton of the principles upon which the
reparations policy will be built is over
due. BY now. the three great war leaders
must have given their approval. The
principal theme running all through that
statement of principles comes to this:
No payment of reparations should be
held to justify the survival of German
war industry. That theme directly con-
tradicts press kilograms recently re-
ceiyed from Berlin. Neither here nor in
England, among high government Of
ficials, Is there discernible the least
tendency to give Germany's heavy in
dustries a chance to contribute to the
waging of the war in the Far East,
which would amount to those industries
being granted new lease on life.
Another disposition well worth re-
cording is to the effect that, for repara-
ton purposes, all Germany will be
treated as a single unit. This would
seem to nullify reports telegraphed
from Paris, last week, that the huge
expanse of German territory annexed
to Poland is not going 10 fall within the
scope of the reparations system as set
up by the Allies. Even, according to
some well-qualified observers, the rep
arations exacted by the Red Army in
Romania, Bulgaria and Hungary may
come under the general system.
The other main point upon which
Truman, Churchill and Stain are called
to pass Judgment concerns the crea-
ton in Berlin of second commission
of reparations in which, before very
long, the commission of reparations
now sitting in Moscow would be merged.
The United States, Britain and Russia
alone have representatives on that Mos
COW reparations commission. To the
second commission, the powers entitled
to reparations, In addition to the Big
Three, would send delegates.
The British and American govern
ments are in favor of that larger COM
mission of reparations. AS they see it,
France, being in control OF zone OF
German territory where the common
Evening star., 1945-07-26
General Craig

General Malin Craig was not
merely a tactician of distinction.
His mind was progressive. He
reached out into distant fields for
the materials he wanted. Thus his
name is associated with the evolu-
ton of tanks and planes and other
vehicles for the rapid transportation
of troops and munitions in line with
the increasing challenges of world
events. He favored consistent ex-
pansion of American power to pro-
tect national interests wherever they
might be. The threat of aggressive
rivals in Europe and in the Orient
was apparent to him at moment
when literally thousands of his con-
temporaries thought that it was a
waste of money to be prepared.
But General Craig was a persua-
sive instructor. His experience in
China, in the Philippines, in France
and with the occupation outfits in
Germany gave him personal knowl-
edge of military needs which stood
him in excellent stead when as chief
of staff from October, 1885, until his
retirement on July /, 1889, he dealt
with Congress, with Government de-
partments, with the press and with
the public at large. He talked little
and, perhaps on that account, what
he said invariably was effective.
without the groundwork of planning
which he built, his successors task
would have been much more difficult
and arduous.
Of men of General Craig's type
1t is not easy to write. He left his
mark on the Army by being keenly
intelligent, energetic, devoted and
faithful officer His successes were
not achieved by sudden, colorful
flashes of intuitive genius. Instead,
he gained his high position, his fame
Evening star., 1945-07-26
'Bruden's Battle

AoU 40 WIG PilA doC Cul lCllO al
liberal circles of Buenos Aires to
denote the extremely effective
diplomatic initiative taken by
Spruille Braden, our new Ambassa-
dor to the Argentine. Mr.. Braden
has long held the reputation of
being the State Departments ace
trouble shooter in Latin America,
and he has handled some tough
hombres there on various occasions
with dexterity and success.
No better man could have been
chosen when the Department de-
cided to reverse it's diplomatic lab
sent treatment" by renewing full
relations after Argentina's signing
of the Chapultepec Declaration and
its admission to the United Nations
at the San Francisco Conference.
Well versed in Latin American psy-
chology, Mr.. Braden proved himself
from the first to be thoroughly
"simpatico" to the Argentine people
and. while keeping strictly within
the limits of conventional proce-
dure. lost no opportunity of empha-
sizing Argentina's commitments un-
der the Chapultepec Pact to main
tain a basically liberal policy at
home as well as toward it's neigh
bors. This made him a sort of
catalyst around which all the ele-
ments suppressed by the Farrell
Peron dictatorship could rally and
express themselves in ovations to
the Ambassador of the United
States which the Government could
not venture to suppress.
There followed the anonymous
smear" campaign in the shape of
posters put up by unknown"
parties abusing Braden in most in
sulting fashion. The Ambassador
turned this into boomerang by
issuing a statement attributing the
smears exclusively to foreign Nazi
elements completely divorced from
the true and noble sentiments of
the Argentine people" Every one
knows, of course, that the posters
had been condoned if not inspired
by the dictators; so this made them
merely ridiculous most uncom-
Portable posture for regime in
creasingly under fire from many
quarters. Dictators cannot afford to
lose face at home. When the ST.
lence Of fear is broken by satirical
laughter. 1t is usually clear sign
that they are on their way out.
It is, of course. too much to ex-
pect that the Farrell-Peron regime,
with its present monopoly of armed
strength. will Immediately quit or
be overthrown by force. The irr1-
portant point Is that Its prestige and
Evening star., 1945-07-26
New York Democrats Row
By Jay G. Hayden

Whether or not the Democratic ma
tional party organization took hand
after this Daily Worker publication, 1t
was enough to blow Mr.. Davis of the
New York ticket.
The effect this action may have on
the Democratic election prospects in
New York City this year is another mat
ter. Davis not only Is one of Harlems
big vote getters, but the alliance be-
tween the Democrats and Sidney Hill
The ALP supported Davis in the muni-
cipal election four years ago and pre-
sumably it will do so again regardless
of Tammany's attitude.
The Democratic-ALP union may be
further disturbed by the apparent in
tention of the Communist party to get
back into active politics on its own ac-
count. The ALP had, to great extent,
absorbed the Communists while their
party was quiescent under the "Teheran
concord" proclaimed by Earl Browder
in difference to the military alliance
between the United States and Russia.
With the war in Europe won, 1t now
appears that both Browder and his
doctrine are to be kicked out.
X y
ODwyer previously had been COM
PEELED to intervene to force Tammany
to renominate District Attorney Frank
S. Hogan and to remove from the ticket
the original designees for controller
and president of the common council.
Republicans, fusionists and liberals
(the latter rebellious offshoot from
the American Labor party, meanwhile
have combined in support of Judge
Jonah j. Goldstein, an anti -Tammany
Democrat, for Mayor. For the council
seat now held by Mr.. Davis, the latter
group has nominated Benjamin F. Nc
Laurin, an oficial Of the AFL Brother
hood Of Sleeping-Car Porters and a
close associate of A. Philip Randolph
head of that union and the leading
opponent of communism in Harlem.
Whatever may be the overall result
of the coming election, It seems certain
that there will be split in both Negro
and labor votes In New York City.
North American Newspaper Alliance.
Evening star., 1945-07-26

Isolationism dies hard-and reluctant
ly. Unable to prevent United States ad-
herence to the United Nations organiza-
ton by an overwhelming vote Of the
Senate, opponents OF the Charter are
Matching plot to hamstring this coun-
trys participation in the organization.
They intend to place as many limita-
tions on the ALLEGATION of American
armed forces to the Security Council
as they can. They also will seek to
limit the power of the President and
his representative on the Security Coun-
Gil to agree to the use of these forces.
All this has been developed during the
course of the Senate debate-and In
more or less private comments of some
Senators who, like Wheeler Of Mon
tana, Democrat, will vote for the Char
ter but who are in reality suspicious.
To his credit, Mr.. Wheeler has publicly
stated his intention of scrutinizing care
fully or fighting the measures for i'm
plementing Americas participation in
the new peace league. Some of the
others have not been so publicly frank.
Two separate measures must have
congressional action to implement the
Charter. One is an agreement" with
the Security Council on the numbers
and kinds Of naval and military forces
which are to be al1ocated to the Sc
curity Council, as Americas contribu-
tion to the enforcement Of peace The
other Is a statute creating the Office
Of American representative on the Sc
curity Council and fixing his salary. 1t
is when these measures come up for
consideration that those who are luke
warm or hostile to the Charter and
Americas participation will stage their
fight. They want to be able to limit the
size of the forces allocated, and to put
strings on the freedom Of action of the
United States representative on the
council
These Charter opponents will seek to
insist that the agreement" with the
Security Council be dealt with as treaty
requiring two-thirds vote of the
Senate. They figure that this would
give them an advantage. that they
might be able in this way to work their
will, when mere majority vote of the
Senate and House to approve the agree
ment would be more difficult to over
come
The Charter in Article 43 providing
for the ALLEGATION of armed forces for
the use OF the Security Council to main