davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-08-28
French Needs Methods
BY Ray,n ond MoIev

President Truman's suggestion to the
French press that 1t mend its manners
was a wholesome expression of a pretty
general American feeling about liber-
ated France. But while we write checks
with one hand, We must make heavy
drafts on our patience with the other.
The clamor at the loan window is get
ting pretty loud, but let's continue to
keep the facts straight
Gen. de Gaulle has been nervous ever
since the liberation. First, the impasse
with President Roosevelt. Then a hasty
treaty with Russia. The De Gaulle
deal with Stain seems to have been
better for Russia than for France. Rus
sia has done little to improve the French
internal position.
Now. with Gen. de Gaulle's visit, we
can, with some degree OF objectivity,
look at the future role of France. In
time the French Army can become an
effective watchdog on the western from
tier of Germany. 1t can relieve Amer
ica of part of the burden of q long
occupation. That Is net gain for us.
Meanwhile, France Is In q precarious
situation. She has never recovered from
the economic consequences Of the first
World War. Her domestic debt con-
sumed half Of all taxes and other state
receipts. Internal struggles to deter
mine where that burden should rest
made France weaker and weaker be-
fore 1899.
Now the burden Of debt Is four times
as great as before the war. The situa-
ton is aggravated by the disruption of
transportation facilities in the two cam
paigns Of 1910 and 1914. Italy and
Spain are unfriendly neighbors. Some
military strength must be reserved to
watch them.
French finances are In bad shape. A
Evening star., 1945-08-28

theoretical stabilization OF French cur
rency was brought about in England
during Gen. de Gaulle's exile there,
But that has had no important effects
since liberation. The Germans left
tremendous imitation in their wake, and
the franc is now worth about one-third
Its value under the London stabiliza.
tion agreement. France needs aid in
financial reorganization from us, lust
as urgently as she needs loan.
The loans she is seeking run to about
$8UO,000,OOO, and, In addition, she claims
about $500 100000 now frozen in
French assets over here.
French materials for recovery are,
on the other hand, considerable. Her
essential strength has been conserved
far beyond that of most European
countries. She has productive soil,
an unsurpassed luxury industry and
cultural attractions, which will bring
millions in visitors money. Then there
Is the colonial empire-rich, but never
well governed. And there is the spirit
OF the French people-always attractive,
despite the vagaries of her ohicialdom.
The tradition of freedom always lives
in France, although 1t may. at times,
live In the midst of chaos.
We can and must help, not only be-
cause of French needs, but because
France can help to stabilize Europe.
But France must help, by drastic meas
ures, to relieve herself Of some Of her
domestic debt. This will not be easy.
because the peasant and bourgeois hold
ers Of the governmental obligations
are canny people. France must also
measurably stabilize her politics. There
will be time for theological luxuries aftei
her house is in order.
(Released BY the Associated Newspapers, rne)
Evening star., 1945-08-28
Pleo for the Corn lond

The corn is young, and green, and
tender, Lord.
You knoto HON late the plantinqs
tDere,
How long the ,0ater stood upon the
fields.
Now free OF ,oced, OF briar, and burr
The fields are neat. They pork from
stdr-tDdshed daDn
TIL dusk, these toilers of the land,
Let not their labors came to nauoht.
dear Lord, a
But lend to them Thy generous hand.
That there tDiH be abundancy to spare,
That not, one ear OF corn be lost,
We pray, keep back till epery row u
ripe,
The coming Of the autumn frost.
: ROSE MYRA PHILLIPS.
Evening star., 1945-08-28
Awful Alternative
From the Christian Science Monitor:

From the Christian Science Monitor:
It will do no harm for the people to
face more squarely the awful alternative
to which mankind too often thinks itself
bound BY modern war-destroy or be
destroyed. Indeed, 1t will be wholly
salutary II they can be aroused to re-
solve more firmly that war has become
too horrible to tolerate. Men must
make the spiritual advances which will
permit them to hold international crime
IN check without the necessity Of slaugh-
tering millions Of the innocent,
Evening star., 1945-08-28
Objects to News About Polio

Objects to News About Polio
To the Editor OF The Star:
Is there any real good done in your
publicizing the daily polio victims?
Mothers today-and every day-have
enough to worry about as 1t Is without
the added daily drumming of the posi-
bilities of additional grief entering their
lives through polio.
Our pediatricians have reassured us
of the remoteness of this particular ILL
ness. Most Of us know that in warm
weather polio seems more prevalent,
but statistics will prove that many more
deaths are caused by other atfiictions.
So why must you and the other local
newspapers headline this heartbreaker?
SHIRLEY GILMAN.
Evening star., 1945-08-28
Trouble in France
From the Lawrence Journal-world

from the Lawrence Jourhal-World.
Strikes called in an industrial center
OF France are advertised as being in
support of social reform. Unsettled and
uncertain times are viewed by agitators
as the time of opportunity to swing
affairs into line with their own ideas
OF political and social organization.
France Is in great need of a period Of
stability to help recovery from the
misfortunes of war and occupation py
the enemy. The current quarrels be-
tween the haves and the have-nots are
likely to increase rather than diminish
the number of have-nots.
Evening star., 1945-08-28
The Political Mill
BY Gould Lincoln

President Truman has called attention
OF the House and Senate Military Al
fairs Committee to the need OF main
tanning large armed forces, notwith-
standing the termination of hostilities
in the Pacific and in Europe. In order
to keep the needed number of men in
the Army and Navy and Marine Corps
there must be large number Of .olun-
tary enlistments or the men must be
obtained through the process of the
selective service draft. With Gen. Mac
Arthur and Gen. Eisenhower estimating
that 100000 soldiers will be needed for
the occupation of Germany and Japan
and other territory, 1t is extremely un-
likely that q sufncient number of voiun-
teers will be found.
The present demands, in Congress and
out, for immediate rehabilitation of
the men who have been drafted into
the armed services do not take into
consideration the job this country has
on its hands. President Truman for
tunately has acted promptly, giving
his views to the congressional Military
Affairs Committees and to the country.
Japan's occupation by our armed forces
Is only beginning. No one knows how
long or how difficult this task may be,
for example. Further, unless the lesson
taught by two world wars is to be ig-
nored, this country is not going back
to insignificant armed forces-either
Army or Navy-such as we maintained
before Pearl Harbor.
We have the United Nations Charter
for world organization to maintain
peace. We have developed an atomic
bomb of tremendous destructive power.
But they are not yet the answers to
everything. The United Nations is still
to become going concern-and to
prove itself real and powerful factor
In international affairs. There is no
guarantee that the atomic bomb will
remain exclusively a weapon of this
country-or that some other nation will
not be able to produce such weapons,
We still have our national defense to
look to.
Evening star., 1945-08-28

conversation with an influential
member OF the Senate just before he
lett washington for the present con-
gresslonal recess was revealing. II al
most dread to go back home" he said.
know that as soon as I get there I
Will be overwhelmed with requests-and
demands-from mothers and fathers and
wives and sweethearts to get their sons
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-06-01
VOTERS CONSIDER II MILLION
DOLLAR BOND ISSUE

there are many. This will bring new
funds into the state instead of drag
ging them out
We believe in contract work IL 1t is
done on fair and equitable basis,
but to offset this contract work the
state highway department should own
and operate at least three construc-
ton outfits and one oiling outfit be-
sides its maintenance units to compete
with contractors and If, in the opinion
of the highway commission, the bid
has been too high on certain project,
they should turn it over to the state
to do themselves. A contractor Is en-
titled to fair return on the service
rendered but we do know there has
been considerable graft in the build
ing of our roads and highways, to-
gether with the oiling of the same
in the past years. In a conversation
with Howard Holmes, chief engineer,
sometime ago, made the suggestion
that If contracts were let according
to Hoyle, with strict Interpretation
of the contract and with no cutbacks
or preference given, the state would
save a million dollars a year. He
thought a minute and then turned
and replied that in his. estimation, a
million dollars would be very con-
sentative estimate.
We need roads to carry on our
natural development and to encourage
tourist trade to come into the state
but we do not need slush fund of
20 million dollars to be spread out in
great splurge in which millions of
dollars will be lost and squandered
in the same way that money was
thrown away during our hurried effort
to get ready for war. The hasty prep
aration for war was a necessity but
the building of roads should be a
natural development and we should
live within our income and the money
available SO that we can pay cash to
contractors and workers for the per-
Torrance of their duty and not burden
ourselves with an unprecedented debt
that will take our posterity years to
liquidate. Should shortage of funds
occur between now and the next legis-
lative session, the moneys could be
drawn from the General Fund which
has cash on hand deposited in local
banks and Montana's gasoline tax
placed behind such borrowing to Ii
Continued on Page Four)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-06-01
BRASS HATS
LOOK ON WAR
AS BALL GAME

Col. Gen. Heinz Guderian, Hitler's
No. 1 tank expert, says he feels nc
enmity toward the Allies. He says
the war was ''like a football match,
and now that it's over we should all
shake hands and wish each other
| luck"
If this seems like insulting impud-
ence, let's remember that some of our
own Army officers seem to have the
same jolly, sporting attitude toward
war.
So much so that General Eisen-
hover has found 1t necessary to crack
down on Senior United States Off
GERS" for fraternizing with high Ger
man officials"
General Dahlquist's handshake with
Goering and his subsequent sharing
of lunch with that No. nazi, have
brought indignant protests from Bri-
tain, from Russia, and particularly
from our own country.
The nazi generals, as Emil Ludwig
points out in his absorbing series of
articles now appearing in The Record,
are falling all over each other in pro-
testing their Innocence" They blame
Hitler for everything.
But as we emphasized in an edi-
torial last Friday: the German GEN.
eraI Staff Is even more guilty than
Hitler; it had planned this war before
he came to power; before the last
World War was even concluded; dur
ing the years of the false democratic
front of the German republic.
We repeat our proposal of last
week:
Members of the German General
Staff shown to be war criminals
should be promptly tried and exc
cuted Those whose war criminal
ity may be in doubt, or not proven,
should be exiled for life, kept per-
manently under guard on remote
islands.
1t is our hope that the Soviet gov
eminent will join with our own in
such policy, banishing generals the
Red Army has captured: Won Paulus,
Won Seydlitz and others.
We must go one step further.
Our state department must prohibit
Continued on Page FOur)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-06-01
MRS. o'CoNN0R
SUPPORTING
GRAYBILL
Widow of Former Congress
man Writes Graybill of Her
Support for His Candidacy
To Fill Office Formerly
Held by Her Husband.

Expressing the belief that her late
husband, former Congressman James
F. O'Connor would endorse her de-
cision to support the candidacy OF
Leo Graybill for the office vacated
by his death, Mrs. O'Connor has Of
fered her full support to Mr.. Graybill.
Mrs. O'Connor's letter to Mr.. Gray
bill follows:
Livingston, Montana, May 29, 1945
Mr. Leo G. Graybill
Democratic Candidate for
Representative in Congress
Second Congressional District
Great Falls, Montana
Dear Mr. Graybill:
With every confidence that you will
support President Truman in the i'm
portant days ahead and that you will
work for the best interests of the
people of the eastern district, | am
very happy to offer you my support
in the coming election, June 5.
I feel that my late husband, former
Congressman James F. O'Connor,
would heartily endorse my decision.
Very truly yours,
Isl CATHERINE q. O'CONNOR
(Mrs. James F. O'Connor)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-06-01

This IL million dollar bond issue
which should be matched by million
dollars in federal funds, makes a total
of 20 million dollars to be rushed into
highway construction Immediately
This slush fund, according to my opin-
ion, is just another WPA attempt to
spend ourselves into prosperity and is
absolutely uncalled for at this time
first for the reason that with this
heavy Indebtedness hanging over ouI
heads 1t will take at least 25 or &c
years to repay the same, which will
double or treble our expenditure in
payment of principal and interest
and second it will make several mil
lionaires and most of them from out
of the state Gas our local contractors
will be unable to handle the work.
probably from Minneapolis, st. Paul,
Omaha and Kansas iCty-which will
leave milestone hanging about the
necks of the taxpayers of Montana.
Do not misunderstood mel am not
against the building of new roads as
[ understand what good roads mean,
having covered over a million miles
in Montana in the last 80 years-but
I do think we should live within our
income and would even go so far as
to suggest that we should, If neces-
sary, add one or two cents gallon to
our gasoline tax and then like tax
on all distillate that is used on the
in proportion to the mileage
covered per gallon.
Turning over a slush fund of 20
million dollars to a highway commits
sion consisting of five local men in
experienced in handling this large
sum of money will undoubtedly cause
a great waste of money and Montana
should learn to creep before 1t gets
up to walk and run.
The excuse for this bond issue is of
course for veterans of World War 2.
In the first place, let me say that
many of these veterans will never
return to Montana unless they can see
that will last for years
to come, and in the second place, we
should use these veterans to develop
our natural resources-somethi that
will be an income to the state rather
than an outgo of moneys from the
- irrigation, reforesta-
ton, mining of all types, oil and gas
development and every other natural
resource within the state Of which
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-06-01
LABOR Will
HOLD INSTITUTE
lin AUGUST

Plans for the second Montana Labor
Institute were advanced at commit
tee meeting held at the State Univer-
Last year the Montana State Fedora.
ton of Labor, with the assistance OF
the university and the Workers Edu-
cation Bureau of America, sponsored
the first institute which was a highly
successful three day affair, drawing
ers, students and teachers, as well
as representatives of farmers, bust
ness and church groups.
The 1915 institute will be held Aug
ust 2, 3 and in the Journalism build
ing on the State University campus,
according to DR.. Walter A. Anderson,
director of Summer School activities.
Pursuant to action of it's 1914 con-
vention, the Montana State Fedora
ton of Labor invited the Farmers
Union, the CLIO and the United Mine
Workers to participate on the insti-
meteing in Missoula last Saturday
Perry S. Melton, state AFL board
member, of Kalispell, was elected
general chairman of the 1915 institute.
J. NJ Peterson, state Farmers Union
board member, of Poison, was elected
vice chairman, and Miss Lucille Speer,
of the University Teachers Union,
secretary.
The program and local arrange
ments subcommittee, all Missoula
people, is composed of S. H. IRWIN,
chairman, Miss Speer, E. A. Atkinson
and Leverne Hamilton. A tentative
program outline has been drawn up
and contacts are now being made with
a number of national and international
agencies to secure several outstand-
ing personalities to participate in the
institute. Contacts are also being
made with state and local groups to
send representatives.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-06-01
NUTRITION
PROGRAM
is URGED

Producers, distributors, consumers
and government are urged in report
issued today by the National Planning
Association to join in an about effort
toward the development of well
rounded and vigorous" national and
international nutrition program.
Pointing out that better nutrition
will benefit the TOTAL society and
that all branches of the economy are
equally responsible for its develop
ment, the NPA Agriculture, Business
and Labor committees sponsor jointly
the 36-page pamphlet, IA Food and
Nutrition Program for the Nation, .
outlining measures which they believe
will raise the diets of the country's
total population to an adequate level.
The achievement of such a program,
the committees state, would not only
make healthier human beings, but
would increase efficiency and produc-
tivity
In an accompanying statement, the
associations committee on Interna-
tional Policy joins the NPA groups
in urging approval by the United
States of the proposed international
Food and Agriculture Organization,
whose stated purpose is to raise the
levels of nutrition and standard of
living of all people" through the CO.
operative efforts of participating ma
lions.
National interest in the need for
a program to improve the diets of the
millions of American families that
statistics show are malnourished is
not new, the association points out.
with the prospect of great
food SURPRISES in this country within
a few years after the war, the need
for effective measures to make pos
sible the consumption of enough of
the right kinds of foods by all is made
even more urgent 1t is not good for
the peace of the world, nor for settled
government, to have dire needs for
food at the same time we have food
SURPRISES, the report asserts.
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-06-01
COOP DOES NOT
have TO DEPEND
ON GOVT FUNDS

WASHINGTON, May "a, 1945. -
Small business men in the northwest
benefit because the Farmers Union
Grain Terminal Association is return
ing thousands OF dollars annually to
] farmers who spend it in their local
communities, Charles e. Nieman, cor
poration counsel, told the house small
business committee today.
Prior to the acquisition OF the st.
Anthony and Dakota Elevator Com
pany by GTA, 1913 per cent of all the
net profits of that company were dis
tributed in the Twin Cities, Duluth,
Chicago, and other cities outside the
spring wheat belt" Nieman declared.
after GTA's first year of operat-
ing that line" he said, "GTA returned
5000, 900 in patronage refunds to the
patrons who raised the grain fur
nished the business from which that
money was realized. Farmers now
are spending these patronage refunds
with the small businessmen In the
Dakotas and Montana"
Although GTA handles about one
sixth Of the free grain which is con-
signed to their markets, GTA owns
only per cent of the line elevators
In Minnesota, the Dakotas and Mon
tana. "GTA is not now, nor can it
in the foreseeable future become
monopoly" Nieman declared.
Nieman told the committee that
the day is past when few spectators
can corner the market or precipitate
economically unjustifiable and violent
fluctuations in grain prices as was
so often the case in the past when
farmers were unorganized"
The witness testified that GTA is
a farmers regional cooperative grain
marketing organization which serves
about 100000 farm families and about
450 cooperative country elevators In
the states Of Minnesota, the Dakotas,
and Montana. Its business is now in
excess of 100,OO0,0OO bushels per year,
making it the largest cooperative
grain marketing organization in the
Continued on Page FOur)
The people's voice. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1939-1969, 1945-06-01
WILL TRUMAN
RESTORE BIG
Three UNITY
From FARM RESEARCH

Because the guiding principle OF BIZ
Three Unity was so frequently losi
sight of, the San Francisco Conference
not only got off to bad start but
also embarked on a succession of de
tours perilously far afield from the
broad highway of world peace. The
present danger is not that the dele
gates will be unable to agree upon a
plan for the world security organiza-
ways may prevent any plan from
working.
AS yet President Truman has re-
Trained from taking over the reins of
international policy, and much de-
ponds upon the kind of leadership that
he will give. Meanwhile, it was Cor
dell Hull who, by threatening to get
up from his sick-bed and take over
the leadership of the American dele
cation, managed to bring our delega-
ton back on the Roosevelt path at
one critical point.
Hull was irate over the Argentinian
fiasco and over the unblinking accept
ance by the American delegation of
the dangerous amendments offered by
Senator Vandenberg. So vitriolic was
the language used by the old war
horse from Tennessee that young
Rockefeller was sent flying back to
Washington for a conference with
Hull
After HulPs courageous interven-
ton, the Vandenberg amendments,
which the American delegation had
swallowed whole only a few days be-
fore, were completely altered in char
acter. The Hoover-Vandenberg pro-
posal that all treaties be left dangling
in mid-air and subject to postwar
revision by the security council was
turned down.
ARll of the sponsoring nations con-
CURED with Molotov's report rejecting
the Hoover-Vandenberg idea as "un-
tenable' since it would even open the
door to later German demands for re-
vision to whatever peace treaty is fl
nally agreed upon. Thereupon Van
denberg himself felt it necessary to
agree with Molotov in order to save
face, and he then retired to a local
hospital to recuperate.
Until Hull stepped in, the American
delegation was so concerned with
unity with Senator Van
denberg that it had lost sight of the
CONTINUED on Page Two)