davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-17

mans developed their Schnorkel
air-tube which enabled them to re.
charge their submarine batteries
without surfac.ng, the Allies were
ready with i new bag OF tricks -.
still undisclosed - but the war ran
cut in the meantime.
MORE
These ASV sets are so sensitive
that operators say they can even
pick up the wake of a ship at a
considerable altitude, but even
those were improved with the de-
velopment of LAB or Glow altitude
bombsight' with which the boTl)
release can be made entirely by
radar.
3. The LAB is especially suited
for sharing isolated marine targets
and is used by such craft as torpedo
bombers, allowing them to pinpoint
on targets through overcast at al
titudes of from IS to 1000 feet.
4. The Al or "Aircraft intercept
tom radar. This is equipment es-
pecially adapted for night fighter
planes. Normally, they are under
the control of ground-controlled in
Perception sets (GCD which guide
the fighter planes into a particular
quadrant of the sky where the en-
envy turks, maneuver the fighters
to within a few miles of the still
unseen foe by radio telephone, and
then leave the radar operator in
the fighter plane to take over with
his shorter-range Al set. Then the
radar operator in the fighter acts
like a coach to his pilot, guiding
him right to the kill by radar. This
two-man combination of the Al
technique has been used very eff
fectively on the night prowls of
Psi "Black Widows"
The Navy has a special Al set
for carrier-based craft in which
the pilot is his own radar operator.
1t was the British counterpart of
the Al in the early days of the
war that helped lick the LuftWaffe
in the blitz And it was British and
American Al sets that helped take
the measure of many a buzz bomb
later on.
5. The IFF radar, or "Identifi-
cation, Friend or Foe which en-
ables an aircraft or surface vessel
to tell whether a craft seen on it's
radar scope is batting on the wight
team. In this system, the interro-
eating craft sends out a radar
challenge" If the other craft is
friendly, the interrogating radar
pulse triggers" reply from a
responder set in the other ship or
airplane.
6. The "tail-warning" radar. This
CONTINUED on Page Eleven)
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-17
Bv FRANK CAREY

.;,tpd Press SClCACC W1AtCI
EXTINCTION, Aug. IA ID -
".' IS the wraps on radar-the
N os+ remarkabIe defensive and OF
''s ,ro weapon of the war - were
EN- .st' tuesday by American a n ID
l lssb Allies who declared the DC
', lnT should prove as valu-
's w IN peace as it has been revolu-
|.snsrv in conflict,
|15 gsdar. whose name stands + OF
A s;o detection and ranging has
"a, aa' one of tie top secrets Of the
''+ .nd very little has been writ
ffsl' , p if in this country since
E|siIj.is43 when the Associated
Wv published a series OF articles
W. 41e cooperation Of the U. S.
E,.,., There have been tremen-
E.', advances since then.
VIZ civilian scientists OF the Navy
..r hack as 1922. where doing
|s,rarch Of the type that LED to
l. Development of radar indie
Evidently in the United States.
F rnsland. France and Germany
. Inc the 1905. Britain was the
no+ion TO employ it operate on
W Tresday, military and sclenti-
|, leaders Of Britain and the U. 5.
f,rIosed all that can be told now
the technique which detects OBJ
[cts by means OF radlo-wave
[soes in somewhat the same way
/. ran detect the presence OF an
Loon cliff by utterlng a shou
T. listening for the sound echo.
Tho facts released by our arm
forces and the office of scienti'
|, research and development
hsPM and by the British in
frnatior service in this county |
blate the story of an electronic
hats eye" that can see through
srkness, fog, smoke and the
ljckest clouds.
If is the story of something that
,s rendered sea and aerial navi-
ation virtually fool-proff. thus
resaging a new era of safety for
vii an transport by sea and air
hen the war is won. (Radar's ap-
ca+ion TO land transport is still
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-17
a question mark.)

d question mark.)
1t is the story of an entirely nev
dimension in warfare - the abilit,
TO shoot accurately at an unseel
enemy and to trace his advanc,
long before he comes into view
1t is the story of radar set;
ranging in size from "a tiny one
that can be strapped to the leg O
paratrooper up to giant landbas
ed instruments that allow ship.
and aircraft to plot their positions
from more than thousand miles
out to sea.
1t is the story OF instruments Sc
sensitive they can trace the flight
OF projectile from a naval gun
and even show when it strikes the
unseen target miles away OF
splashes to a miss"
It's the story of the growth of a
new U. S. industry from one which
hardly existed in 1910 to one that
had delivered approximately ST..
700, 100000 in radar equipment to
the Army and Navy by July
L. 1915. !
cThere were only 20 saips of our
fleet equipped with radar at the
time OF Pearl Harbor).
It is the story of HON radar saw
ed Britain during the "blitz by
the strength of her valiant few
fighter planes until the enemy was
sighted by the magic eye .ot
science.
And it's the story, quickening in
pace with the crescendo of battle,
of how radar helped eliminate the
submarine menace, how it helped
deliver the knockout punch of or
strategic and tactical bombing of
Germany, and how in the closing
days of the war against Japan it
ranged high wide and handsome on
everything from PIT boats to ST.
perforts.
Before we see specifically what
radar can do, let us see how ii
operates.
A transmitter sends oct radio
energy in very intense bursts, OF
small duration, called pulses.
These pulses may be only mil
lionth of second long and they
travel with the speed of light-186,-
900 miles second. They travel
with such speed that they show ur
on an instrument panel on the ra-
da1 set as a single line. This line
serves as a time base" CA cath.
ode ray tube allows the visual
presentation.)
When tn transmitted pulses
strike an object, a radio echo is
sent back to a receiver, and
vertical projection or pip" ap-
pears at some definite place on
the time base" line. Since the
sized of the pulses is known, the
distance between the beginning Of
the time base and the received
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-17
lmericq, Britain Take Wraps Off Radar
Great Offensive, Defensive War Weapon

pip is an Indication Of tae range
of the rejecting object.
The bearing of the detected OBJ.
ject from h e. radar transmitte1
point is determined by noting the
position of the antenna at the time
the echo appears. The antenna is
of the directional type which sends
our pulses in narrow beam, like
a searchlight, and can sweep
through the entire circumference
of circle.
On some radar instrument pam
els, or "scopers, range and bear
ing can be noted simultaneously.
On some, the altitude o. a detect
ed object is shown.
In the latest type of scope,
known as "plan position ind1ca.
tor" Cpd the radar echoes are
caused to draw a map on the face
OF the cathode tube, and no matter
how many targets surround the
radar set, whether on a ship or
plane or on the ground, each is
indicated by a blob of persistent
light on the tube face. The direc.
ton of the blob from the center
of the scope indicates the targets
range.
Now let's list the specific uses
of radar by the armed forces, re-
ferring mostly to U. S. equip
ment, although the British have
counterpart materiel, and each ma
ton has high praise for it's own
product:
Well divide them into airborne.
seaborne and ground radar al.
though there will be overlapping
in some cases:
.AIRBORNE RADAR
l. The B. T. o. or "bombing
through overcast radar some
times known as mickey" With it,
bombers an bomb accurately
through complete overcast from al
titudes of $4,000 to 10000 feet. It's
provided with PPI scope that
provides map of the unseen ter
rain beneath and d all around the
aircraft, emphasizing such features
as shorelines, cities, mountains,
lakes and rivers. Water, which
does not reflect the radio waves,
shows up black. Rejecting OBJECTS
show up as bright light.
The electronic map shows up
everything within a range of 300
miles, and large cities can be de-
fined at about so miles. AS the
bomber approaches nearer and
nearer the target, airfields,
bridges and other specific tar
gets become magnified. The set
feeds data on range, altitude, bear.
ing into a norden bomb sight, and
if necessary, the bombing can be
done by radar alone, although Wis.
ual bombing always is preferred.
! 2. The ASV or "air to surface
vessel radar. With this equip
ment aircraft can spot surfaced
submarines at items of miles, in
pitch black night and larger Graf:
at greater distances up to 200
miles.
1t was this weapon that contrib.
uted largely to the defeat of the
German Wolf Packs when the u
boats were cutting deep into al.
lied shipping. The Nazis tried
everything to outwit the searching
beams of the radar, including the
of sets based on a
captured model of our own which
were used to intercept Allied sig. |
nails and give the subs a chance to
duck under.
But the Allies countered with |
new type of radio wave - the
- which was Of short
er wave length than the one pre-.
viously used. Even when the Ger }
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-09
| GAME HUNTER NOW ON FISHING JAUNT

MT. and Mrs William Beach, of New York City, visited friends here this week while their westbound steamer was in. port.
 MT Beach, retired manufacturer, is well known in Alaska from al- most annual big game hunting and photographing trips to the territory for eight years prior to the war. He presented the Territorial Museum here with the large mounted moose that is one of it's most prominent displays.
 MT. and Mrs. Beach are bound for Seward on a fishing trip and plan to travel sections of the Alaska Highway through the Interior and Yukon Territory Both of those re- gions are well known to MT. Beach.
 MRS. REYNALDS HERE
 Mrs. George Reynalds, of Kodiak, tc ot
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-09
MINE OFFICIALS
 VISIT PROPERTY

St. Eugene Mining Corporation of ficials visited their Alaska Empire property on Admiralty Island last week, to judge the conditions and improvements to be made to reopen the mine now that the WIPE order L-208 has been removed.
 Certain improvements on the sur face of the property will be made according to a definite plan in order to have the mine ready to resume production as soon as labor and other conditions warrant.
 R. R. Wilson, President of the St. Eugene Company, returned to Van couver, while R. w. Wilson, Min ing Engineer and George c. Heikes, Consulting Engineer for the St. Eu- gene Mining Corporation are remain ing in Juneau for short while longer to complete business mat ters.
 They remarked that the property was found promising and that if conditions warranted they hoped to get the mine into operation by next spring.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-09
Miss M. M(DoWel, Paul Hansen Are
 Wed in KetChikan

The First Lutheran Church, in Ketchikan, was the scene of a love- ly wedding last Friday evening, which united in marriage Miss Mary Jean Mcdowell, daughter. of MT. and Mrs. Don McDowell of Seattle, and Paul Henry Hansen, son of Mrs Henry Hansen of Juneau.
 Given in marriage by her father, the bride wore white frost satin, and carried prayer book, covered to match her gown, and a white orchid with white satin streamers tied with orange blossoms.
 Matron of honor to the bride was Mrs. William Nerup, gowned in rose taffeta, and carrying a bouquet of roses and pink carnations.
 Homer McLane was best man, and Sherwood Jones of Juneau and Rod ney Burgh served as ushers.
 A rose crepe formal with turquoise accessories was worn by the brides mother, who had a gardenia cor sage.
 The bridegroom's mother was gowned in rose beige lace, and wore a corsage of rosebuds and sweet peas.
 A reception in honor of the young couple followed the wedding cere- monies, with Mrs. Charlie Hanson and Mrs Morris Wick pouring, assist ed by Mrs. Earl Parr, Mrs. c. F. Kienzle, Misses Hildred and Betty Ann Jensen and Jean Hanson. Mrs. H. Roaming and Mrs. Chris Cop stead arranged the reception, and Mrs. Odin Jensen and Mrs. Paul M. Hansen assisted with the decor ations.
 Following a honeymoon on their boat, MT. and Mrs. Hansen will make their home in Ketchikan, where he is employed by the Enterprise Mach inc Works
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-25
Villa M. Thomas,
S. Nj. Marion Parker
Married May 20

Miss Villa Mae Thomas, 512
Colfax Ave. No., dressed in a
bridal gown of white satin with a
finger tip veil, was married to
Stewards Mate 1/c Marion II.
Parker, Void Chamberlain Field, at
the home of her aunts, Mines.
Emma Gates, Tiny Holder, Estella
Howard, and Ethel Saunders, Sun
day, May 20, at 4 p. m.
Rev. H. W. Bolts, ST., performed
the ceremony. The couple stood
under an American Flag canopy.
Miss Mable Seaton, the bridesmaid,
wore a blue net dress and carried
a bouquet of sweet peas. The bride
carried gardenias. Steward C. H.
White was best man. Frances
Wright, accompanied at the piano
by Betty King, sang 81 Love You
Truly"
Hostesses at the reception held
Immediately after the ceremony
were, Lucy Jones, Sarah Vaughn,
Essie Arnold, Nellie Perkins and
Lula Seaton.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-25
Presbyterian 18TH
Assembly in Mill
City This Week

Among 1856 commissioners,
twenty Negroes are representing
Presbyterian churches throughout
the United States at the 18TH As
sembly of United States Presby-
terrain churches being held this
week at Westminster Presbyterian
church, Minneapolis, May "a to 80.
Every state in the country and the
foreign missionaries are represent
ed at the meeting of this group,
the governing body of the Presby-
terrain churches made up of Elders
and ministers of the church.
Among the Negroes attending
are Cecil E. Davis, Los Angeles, Rev.
Elder G. Hawkins, New York, who
is also president of the Afro-Amer-
lean Council of Presbyterian
churches, DR.. G. L. lines of Balti-
more, and DR.. Jessie E. Barber of
Lincoln University in Pennsylvania.
On Sunday afternoon, May 27, at
2:30 a meeting of international fell
lowship and goodwill will be held.
Geraldine Overstreet, of Chicago,
will sing on the program. DR..
Sherwood Eddy, internationally
famous YMCA executive secretary,
will be the principal speaker. The
West High a cappella choir of $50
voices will sing. This meeting is
open to the public.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-25
ALYCE L. STEWART

Tickets are repeatedly going fast
for the recital of Alyce L. Stewart
to be held at Benton Hall, Mime
apolis Y. W. C. A. Thursday, May
81, at 8 p. M, sponsored by the
Pastors Aid Society of St. Peter
AME church.
Mrs. Stewart, we'll known in Twin
City music circles, will return this
month for the second public ap-
pearance since leaving the Twin
Cities several years ago. She was
presented to a capacity audience at
Camphor Methodist church, St.
Paul, last fall and was recalled for
a number of encores.
A former student at the Univer-
sity of Minnesota, Mrs. Stewart
was known here as a vocalist and
choir director. She at one time
organized and conducted a 5O-voice
choir at st. Peter AME church,
Minneapolis. She will come here
after appearing in recitals in Cedar
Rapids and Des Moines, la.
Tickets for the recital are on sale
at Zephyr's Beauty Shop, Cornelia
Burns Beauty Shop, Cassius Beauty
Shop, Dreamland Cafe and the
Minneapolis Spokesman office or
may be purchased from any mem
Der of the Pastors Aid. Admission
is $1.00 for patrons and rs cents,
general admission.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-25
F.E.P.C. Head
Visits Truman

Washington, D. C. (NNPA)-
President Harry S. Truman has
promised to give the problem of
protecting the rights of minority
group workers during reconversion
his serious thought" according to
Malcolm Ross, Chairman of the
Presidents Committee on Fair En-
ployment Practice, after a White
House conference with the Presi-
dent last week.
Ross was one of the callers by
appointment at the White House
last week. He made a formal state
ment after his visit in which he
said: "The President is infinitely
informed on the problems confront
ing FEPC. We examined fully the
position of minority group work
ers in war industry and the posi-
ton they will face during recon-
version. The President stated that
he was giving the situation his
serious thought"
From this, there was no indica-
ton whether the pending legislation
for a permanent FEPC was speci-
fically discussed, or what the Presi-
dents position is on such legisla-
ton. While he was listed as a sup
porter during his term as a Senator
and as Vice-President, the present
status of the legislation is said to
need a much more active interest
now that he is President.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-25
1t. Clinton Minor
Married in Mass.

Word has been received by Mr..
and Mrs. R. C. Minor, All W. Gen.
trail, st. Paul, that their son, Lieut..
Clinton Minor, commander of the
Negro Detachment at Lowell Gen.
eral hospital, Fort Devens, Mass,
married on March 9th.
The new Mrs. Minor, whose
maiden name could not be ascer-
tanned, lives in Roxborough, Mass.
She is a graduate of Portia Law
School of Boston, Mass, and former
teacher at Fisk University, former
secretary to Senator Leverett Sal
tonstall, while he was Governor of
Massachusetts. At present, Mrs,
Minor is in charge of the Division
of the Necessities of Life Depart
ment of Labor and Industries, in
Boston, the first Negro to hold the
position.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-25

be under only moral obligation to
eliminate any existing laws dis
eliminating "as to race, language,
religion or SEX"
Enforcement Still Question Mark
The question of whether more
incorporation of these ideals and
principles into the charter will en-
sure their augmentation in prac-
tice can be answered, however, only
in terms of the general policies
which are agreed upon, and the
degree to which these policies are
supplemented within the member
nations.
AS Sumner Welles has said: "The
age of Imperialism is over. Our
Victory (the victory of the United
Nations) must bring in its train
the liberation of all peoples"
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-25
Coop Grocery to Be
Opened in st. Paul

August 1 has been set as the
deadline in a membership and share
selling campaign for a cooperative
grocery store in st. Paul, to be
opened as soon as sufficient capital
is raised.
The plan was the outcome of a
meeting held at Halle Q. Brown
House, May 10, when a group of
citizens decided to form an organi-
cation to affiliate with Co-Op's Inc.
Those wishing to buy shares may
contact Rev. B. N. Moore, Huron
Shelton, Jr., John R. Lawrence,
Dorothy James, Evelyn Brent,
Hazel Butler, Lois Grissom or John
Banks. The next meeting will be
held at Halle, Saturday, June 2.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-25
WAR LOAN DRIVE!
Johnnie Boxer
Service Sunday
MoY 27 ut Zion

Johnnie Baker Post No. POI and
its auxiliary, The American Legion,
will hold their annual memorial
service Sunday, May 81, at IL a. M,
at Zion Baptist church, 1923 Lyn-
dale Ave. No., Minneapolis. Rev.
H. W. Bolts, ST., pastor, will preach
the sermon.
All patriotic groups, comrades
and the public are invited to at
tend. Percy C. Hughes, command
err; Robert E. Jackson, memorial
service chairman; Mrs. R. i. Burns,
auxiliary president.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-25

tipping house. The TIMES direct
ly quoted Judge Lyons as saying,
maybe it's a good thing for you
that the husbands of those two
white girls are not here or you
would have more trouble"
The story caused considerable
comment all over the city because
of its implications. Citizens bonn
barded both the NAACP and Urban
League officials with queries and
protests against the alleged re-
marks by jurist.
Court Record Proves Judge Made
No Such Statement
Not only did Judge Lyons vehe-
mently deny using the words
white girls" but he Immediately
produced the court reporters record
which substantiated his denial and
proved the TIMES quotation was
not accurate.
Judge Lyons Clarifies His Position
Judge Lyons, whose record has
been good in regard to handling the
various cases with interracial
aspects, told this paper, at was
certainly not, nor never has been,
my intention to make any distinc-
ton. l can see no difference what
soever as to whether these girls
were colored or white"
AS previously reported in the
daily press, Wilson, 81 years old,
128 Highland, four other men and
two women were arrested two
weeks ago at the Highland Ave. ad-
dress. Wilson was charged with
operating a tippling house. He was
sentenced to 80 days in the work
house, which he is appealing. The
others were charged with being
found in the house. The men were
fined and the women having pre-
viously plead guilty are serving
80 day workhouse terms.
The Minneapolis TIMES angled
the story to indicate that the raid
Melted Negro men and white wom-
en- by its usual method of identi-
flying the women as white girls"
When white men are involved in
similar cases with Negro women
the TIMES makes no reference to
the color or race of the women in
volved.
Other Minneapolis daily papers
halted such race prejudice melting
practices several years ago and re-
port all stories straight, without
regard to race, creed or color.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-25
Mrs. L. w. Harris
Service Held at
Pilgrim MAY 20

Scarcely an eye was dry at the
funeral of Mrs. L. W. Harris last
Sunday, May 20, held at Pilgrim
Baptist church, St. Paul, as Vesta
Phillips sang a request number,
"The Old Ship of Zion" That Mrs.
Harris was beloved by many was
also evidenced by the flowers
banked around the casket, sent
from all over the Twin Cities.
During the sermon, delivered by
Rev. Floyd Massey, Jr., pastor of
the church where Mrs. Harris hus-
band presided for II years, he
spoke of Mrs. Harris as a devout
Christian, a devoted mother and a
friend to humanity.
Mrs. Harris, along with her fam
lily, worked faithfully with Pilgrim,
through the years, and since her
husbands death, held fast their
bonds there. She organized the
Gospel chorus of which her daugh-
ter, ]. Arlee Harris, is still direc-
tor. Members of the chorus, OBJ
viously deeply grieved, were seated
following the family. Mrs. Harris
was also interested in Foreign
Missions of the Minnesota State
Baptist Association.
Rev. A. F. Martin, moderator of
the Association, presided at the
funeral. Sidney Williams was at the
organ. Carolyn Combs sang one
of the deceased's favorite hymns,
"I'm Waiting for Jesus" Other
Twin City ministers assisting were
Rev. B. N. Moore, st. James AME;
Rev. W. H. Murk of Temple Bap-
fist; Rev. H. C. Boyd, st. Peter
AME; Rev. John Nelson, Apostolic
Faith, and Rev. Isaac Fisher. Rev.
J. ]. Clayburn, Pilgrim Baptist,
Minneapolis, and Rev. ]. w. Phelps
were among the pallbearers which
included Frank B. Simpson, Simon
Arnold, George W. Downey, VIM.
V. Howard, Forester Phillips,
Nicholas Smith and William Black,
church deacons.
Surviving are Mrs. Odelle H.
Galloway, Miss June Harris, Miss
]. Arlee Harris, St. Paul, M. Sgt.
Lee Harris, New Guinea, children;
two grandchildren, two sisters and
three brothers.
Interment was at Forest ceme-
terry. Neal Funeral Home was in
charge.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-25
EIks Ordtoricul
Contestants To
Meet ut PILGRIM

The Oratorical Contest spon-
sored by the Educational Depart
ment of the State Elks, IBPOEW,
will be held at Pilgrim Baptist
Church, Friday, May 25, at 8:15
pm.
The winner of the Minnesota
State Contest will be given a $3.50
scholarship and will be eligible to
compete in a district contest to be
held in st. Louis, Mo-, July 20.
The winner of all district con-
tests will compete in the National
contest at Philadelphia in August.