davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-07
Floating Labor

Kansas, it appears, is short thousand men
in the harvest fields So are other states in
the corn and wheat belt, some probably much
shorter than Kansas
But the Kansas announcement serves to di.
rect attention to the passing of class of
men which once infested the Middle West the
intermourtain section and the Pacific Coast
at planting time, at harvest time and when
fruit was ripe.
They were not tramps, in the sense that
they walked the tracks and begged handouts
at kitchen doors; but they were confirmed
nomads, moving from farm to farm and prof.
ect to project as the wanderlust asserted its
irresistible lure and new jobs opened UP.
Many followed the harvest from the Panhan-
die across the Canadian line, in the spring
for planting and the fall for garnering.
boarding their wages for month or two,
they'd 60 into town for bust 1inger until
their cash was gone, and strike out again,
wherever an employment office sent them.
They were the floating labor economists
wrote so copiously about Hard workers OF
the job, equally hard drinkers between jobs,
they never knew and never cared what the
morrow would bring forth, but no more indie
pendent class of men existed in these broad
United States.
Now, Kansas needs a thousand Of them and
other states as many or more, and there is not
one to be found anywhere.
Robert Service wrote of "a race Of men that
don't fit in, and though he had Alaska miners
IN mind floating labor beyond the Mississippi
filed the description as we'll
They didn't fit in standardized society, but
they did a needed job. Rest to their souls.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-07
Teachers Pay Increase

1t should prove good news to the public no
less than to those directly affected that North
Carolina school teachers are to have another
increase in pay. If any complaint were justified
it would be that the general rate of increase
is not great enough
1t has always been a mystery, for which
no satisfa Glory solution has been offered,
that the people into whose care parents en-
thrust their children for training, not alone
in book learning but in department and
proper conduct of life have been paid as little
as possible.
Teachers have more to do with fitting chill
dren, from six years old through adolescence,
to take their place in the adult world OF al
fairs than parents themselves. Their profess
sion ranks with the highest in our organized
society, but they have had to do their work
with insufficient incomes to provide ordinary
comforts and too often to meet living expenses
Without exercising the sharpest frugality they
could not dodge debt.
To the credit OF the North Carolina Board of
Education successive increases in pay have
been provided the states public school teach
ers and now another rise is in prospect.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-07
Churchill On A Spot

Prime Minister Winston Churchill of Great
Britain will be under handicap at the forth
coming Big Three conference if it is held,
as anticipated, before the outcome of Britain's
election is made known Mr.. Churchill is serv-
ing as interim Premier only. His continuance
in that office will depend not only upon his
return to Commons by the constituency he
seeks to represent but by a Conservative
party victory, as it is the majority party in
Commons that names the Prime Minister II
the Laborites win the election they will elevate
one of their number to the coveted post.
In any case and tbs returns will not be
announced until July 26, after the soldier vote
has been counted, Mr.. Churchill would be
present under sIfferance only at session of
the Big Three held before that day.
The prestige he enjoyed in former similar
conferences would be submerged in uncertain
ty. In the final analysis, his influence would
spring from his personality, his knowledge of
affairs and the war situation, but hardly from
his governmental position, which would be
still in the balance.
There are matters OF grave Importance with
VIII CHI the Big Three alone can deal, but it
might be that brief delay, until Mr. Church.
Ills future political position is known, would
be better than to embarrass him and perhaps
create new difficulties by opening the session
on or about July Is, as some reports indicate
will be done. ~
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-07
LETTER BOX

To The Editor: -,
l think it is a disgrace 10 nv
city that a place the size Of WI
mington has no public honor l0A
for our boys who are in serVls..
All over the United States, eve"
the smallest towns and village,
have huge honor rolls either '"
their courthouse lawns or the Wv
lage square. There are seelio.'
for those in service, those "ou''
ed, killed or missing.
It seems to me that some =" ",
county's money would be well sp..
in erecting an honor roll on W.
lawn of the City Hall, as Ve.!
small token Of gratitude to 'n0''
who are doing their best for u''
Citizen.
Wilmington. N. c.,
July 6, 1e45.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-07
Rehabilitqtiny
OkinawQns
By AL DOPKlNC

ny AZ DV1 AANN
OKINAWA- R-The rehabiI;,,
ton of 100000 Okinawans is start.
ing from ''pctsto square" in On.
war wrecked village and from do,
ems Of simila. community pooljn,
places throughout the island.
Okinawans themselves gave in.
name potato square to the open
lot in the town OF Ishikawa. That !.
where the food and practically ev.
erything else is brought for distri.
button.
The war wiped out, at least for
the time being all personal prop.
erty except the clothes the natives
had on their backs.
All food sutff gathered from tn.
adjacent fields is brought to the
square and distributed equ,l
shares. The same is true OF such
material as lumber for new homes
which are 10 be built under U. s
military government supervision at
the rate OF 20 a day until $50 are
erected.
OF the 400 tjle-roofed shacks in
the town when the Americans n.
vaded the island April /. Only $50
remained for $4,000 people. Most.
ly women and children.
The estimated population Of Oki.
nawa before the invasion was 4oO,.
900. Some of the missing 10000
were killed in battle, as the Japa.
nese conscripted able-bcdied males
for fighting or work. Most, how.
ever, are believed to have been
taken off the island by the Japa.
nese before the invasion.
Ishikawa is farther along ..
wards rehabilitation than m est
towns, because virtually all Of the
inhabitants came into the Ann.ri.
can lines early. Only few here
now made their way from southern
Okinawa, where the natives were
held behind the Japanese lines IN.
til the last few days OF fighting.
Yaga Jiro, contractor Of labor
before the war, said most Of the
Okinawans want to 60 back to their
small farms hut are reconciled to
temporary concentration in towns
and camps.
They do not seem to understand
that much Of the farm land will
be taken over for U. S. military
..klg kofahtedinl wogam caod' k
installations, putting it out OF asri'
cultural use for a long time. The
military government has an asr'
cultural experiment program un'
derway to help solve the situa'
ton.
Yasa Jiro said the biggest prob
lem and the one disturbing the Ok
nawans more than their wrecked
homes is the separation Of tami'
lies. Many became separated dur'
ing the fighting, while hiding in
caves. When they finally poured
through the American lines they
wandered into different camps.
They are being held at t hose
camps pending rehabilitation ! nd
to protect them from the Japa'
nese still lurking in hideouts. The
military government has establish
ed a missing persons department
| in its effort to reunite families.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-07
A Sad Little Story

The father of lieutenant stationed in Paris
happened to mention in letter the shortage
of camera film in this country. BY way of
providing his family with pleasant surprise,
tn. lieutenant shopped around and picked up
half dozen rolls Of film, which he mailed
home in bundle of unneeded army clothing.
A few weeks later he got vexed note from
his father Dear Son. the note said. 1.-The
p. ckage arrived safe. Your mother and took
the films right down to the drug store to get
them developed. They all turned out blank.
We can't imagine what you did wrong. line
New Yorker
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-07

to lose faith in Badoglic (chief Of
the general stafD.''
NOV. 15-''The Greeks, it seems.
have resumed their attack all
along the front. We lack can
non, while the Greek artillery is
modern and well handled.
NOV. 10 - "A rather puzzling
Ribbentrop meets me ir Salzburg.
The Germans see gloom ahead
1 had lunch with Serrano
(Suner, Spanish foreign minister
and Ribbentrop. Serrano is out
spoken. He chats with a freedom
the Germans cont like. criticizing
especially the German effort to get
together with the French.
I'm the afternoon l saw Hitler at
the Berghof. The atmosphere
was heavy. Hitler is pessimistic
and believes the situation much ag-
gravated by what has occurred in
the Balkans. His criticism is def
mite and final I try to speak, but
he does not permit me to proceed.
Only in the second part of the con-
versation,. after Hitler has given
his consent to our negotiations with
Yugoslavia, does he become warm
and cordial. The idea of an ALI
ance with Yugoslavia excites him.
Alternate defeats and victories
on the Albanian front. I fear we
shall have to withdraw to pre-
viously established line"
Net Is Spread
For Yugoslavia
NOV. 20 Another conference
with Hitler. He speaks exclusive
ly of Yugoslavia. He plans to
call Regent Paul COT Yugoslavia)
to Berlin, and make the blow
known to him.
Editors note: The Yugoslav gov.
eminent of Premier Svetkovich
signed the Rolne-Berlin-Tokyo pact
in Vienna March Is, 1941. Two
days later 1t was overthrown by
revolt led by Gen. Simovich. The
young King Peter II assembled he
throne in place Of Prince Regent
Paul. The Germans attacked Yugo-
slavia and Greece April 6.
Finally Hitler has one of his
fits of emotion. From this city of
Vienna l sent Mussolini telegram
to assure him I would never forget
MS aid on the day of the Anschluss
(union between Germany and Aus
trial. confirm it TO-DAY. I am on
his side with all my strength He
had two big tears in his eyes.
What a strange mani"
NOV. al Hitler's letter to II
Duce is in the tenor of the first
part of the conference, critical and
full Of conern"
NOV. 26-"Badoglio has submit.
ted his letter OF resignation after
q 1OllS COlllG1 CllSS WALL II AuCSs
The ushers at the doors of Palazzo
Venezia were given instructions to
show the visiting peoples Fascist
Leaders, to different rooms, to pre-.
vent a general scuffle."
NOV. 28-''Bad news from Al
bania. Greek pressure continues,
but above all our resistance is
weakening. If the Greeks h ave
strength enough we might yet
have a great deal of trouble
NOV. %" Starace (chief of the
Fascist militia) has just come from
Albania. Our soldiers have fought
but little, and poorly"
NOV. 30-'Meeting of the Coun-
Gil OF Ministers. IL Duce's the.
sis is this: Badoglio not only
agreed Ito the attack on Greece.
but was enthusiastic. The political !
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-07
CIANO'S DIARY

NOV. /, 194O-JAN. i, 194l.-In
the closing days of 1910 II Duce,
who had dreamed so grandly OF
empire, was reduced to an abject
appeal to the Germans to bail him
out of Albania and Egypt where mis-
vaunted divisions had been torn
to shreds, according to the diary
of Count Ciano, Mussolini's son-in-
law.
Within eight days of the attack
on the Greeks, Ciano admitted sad
ly that the initiative had passed
to the hands Of the sturdy Mace
donian fighters Within five weeks
Mussolini was reconciled to asking
for an armistice, and was persuad.
ed against it only at the last mo-
ment.
The British blow fell in Egypt
Dec. 9, and the last straw came
when II Duce discovered his COM
mander in Albania, Gen. Soddu,
spent his evenings composing mu-
sic for motion pictures.
Ciano wrote:
NOV. 1.-The sun finally has
come out. l take advantage of it
to carry out an excellent lombard
ment of Salonika Greek port on
the Aegean Seal. On my return
1 was attacked by Greek planes.
All went we'll. but 1 must confess
it is an ugly sensation"
NOV. 6-"Mussolini is not happy
about the way things are going in
Greece. The attack on Corizza did
occur, the enemy has made some
progress, and it is a fact that On
the eighth Gay of operations the
initiative is in their hands. L
don't think we actually are beaten,
but many begin to feel So"
NOV. Ton the Corizza sector
our collapse began when bat
talon of Albanians ran from fear.
There was no betrayal. Soddu
Qtalian commander in Albania)
says that the arrival of few regi-
ments of Alpine troops will elimin-
ate all dangers"
NOV. 8-"Grazzi italian minis
teri has returned from Athens and
says the country's internal condi-
lions are very bad, ard that the
resistance is grass fire. Accord
ing to him, Metaxas Greek pre-
mier) was handed our ultimatum
in his dressing gown. and W a s
ready to yield. He stiffened only
after talking with the King and
with the British minister"
NOV. 9-"The Greek attack has
lost its impetus Unfortun ately, we,
too, do not have strength to re-
sumo our advance. Hitler has
made a speech :. . Too many per-
sonal arguments to be convincing.
It was intended to lift the morale
of the German people, who are
disappointed at the results Of the
American election (Roosevelt's re-
election as president"
NOV. 10-"Neville Chamberlain
is dead. Mussoline attributes no
importance to the event, and says:
'This time he definitely missed The
bus. He was so pleased with his
remark that he asked me to in
clude it in my diary"
British Strike Blow
At Italian Fleet
NOV. IL "A black day. The
British have attacked the italian
fleet without warning at laramie
naval base in southern italy,. and
have sunk the dreadnaught Cavour
and damaged heavily the battle
ships Littorio and Duilio. II
Duce took the blow quite well and
does not seem to have realized its
seriousness.
NOV. 1911 Duce is beginning
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-07
WILL COMMAND PORT

BOSTON, July 6.-(P)-9rig. Ger
James c. Marshall, formerly com
inanding officer Of the Engine..l
Training unit at Camp Gutton' N:
c., will command the Boston p0l
o. enbarkation starting Sunca:y'
Marshall, AZ, served Is months ID
the Japanese war.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-07
KILLED BY LIGHTNING

SANFORD, July 6.-IRj-Preaa.
Cox, IS, was killed instantly VIM"
struck by lightning at his Do"
near here yesterday afternoon
Cox was engaged in curing too'.
co when the bolt came. He W"
accompanied by Carl Wicker ~
who was knocked down and shoe'
ed.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-07

, side was carried out perfectly. Mil
itary action was entirely lacking"
DUCE ON VERGE
OF ASKING ARMISTICE
DEC. 4. - "Gen. Sorice Ornder-
secretary for wary telephones ear
ly to say that we have lost Pogra-
dec and that the Greeks have brok-
en- through our lines. He says Sod
du commander in Albania) now
thinks that military action is i'm
possible and that the situation may
be resolved only through political
intervention.
"Mussolini calls me at Pa1azzo
Venezia. I find him very discour-
aged. He says: There is nothing
else to do. This is grotesque and
absurd. We should ask for a ces-
sation OF hostilities! Impossible. The
Greeks will ask as an initial con-
dition the Fuehrer's personal guar
antee that nothing ever VIII be done
against them again. would rather
kill myself than telephone Ribben-
trop.'
What counts now is to resist,
and to stay in Albania. Mussolini
listens to me and decides to make
a fresh attempt
DEC. S. - 1.-THE Germans have
given us so transport planes"
DEC. circumference with Mar.
shall Mich (Nazi air marshaD, who
has come to Rome to settle the
question of Stukas in the Mediter-
ranean. .Hitler's letter, which
he brought, also differs substan-
TALLY from the one sent from Wen.
ma, The Albanian affair is mini
mixed, certain of solution, a peri
pheral episode. .Cavallero has
been named (chief OF the General
Staff"
ITALIAN DIVISIONS
SMASHED IN LIBYA
DEC. 10-"News OF the attack
(by the British 9th Army on Sid
Barrani Gin Egypt bursts like
flash of Lightning. At first the thing
doesn't seem serious, but subse-
quent kilograms from GRAHAM
confirm that we have received a
great blow"
DEC. 11-"Four divisions can be
considered destroyed Gin Libya)
and Grazian says nothing about
what he can do to parry the blow,
Mussolini became more and more
calm During the evening word
arrives that the Catanzaro division
has been torn to pieces. What on
earth can't happen in our army if
five divisions can be pulverized in
two days?"
DEC. pa catastrophe tele-
gram has arrived from Graziani.
a mixture of excitement, rhetoric
and concern. He is thinking of with
drawing to Tripoli to keep the
flag flying on that fortress at least
Immediately, he is concerned with
accusing the commander, that is
Mussolini, for compelling him to
wage the war of flea against an
elephant -
DEC. 15-'I find II Duce indig-
nant toward GRAHAM. because
OF long terminating telegram.
in which he speaks man to man.
and scolds II Duce for permitting
himself to be betrayed by his Ro.
man military advisers.
II receive Marchesa Graziani
(the marshaps wife,. She is beside
herself. She has received a letter |
from her husband containing his
will, and saying one cannot smas h
steel armor with fingernails.' He
asks mass support of German ayi.
alton"
DEC. ia meeting with II
Continued on Page Eight
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-07
Fair Enough

Editors note.-The Star and the News
accept no responsibility for the personal
views Of Mr.. Pegler, and often disagree
with them as much as many of his read
ers His articles serve the good purpose
of making people Think
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-07
Editorial Comment
Glad to Help.

Japanese broadcaster says that I'VE peo-
pie OF the nation must become one ball of
fire" American bombers will do everything
in their power to aid this worthy Cause
New Yorker.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-07
TOP % THE MORNING

TOP % THE MORNING
Oh, righteous doom, that they who make
Pleasure their only end
Ordering the whole life for its sake.
Miss that whereto they tend:
While they who bid stern duty lead,
Content to folIow-they
OF duty only taking heed
Find pleasure by the way.
r. C. TRENCH.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-07
ClANO'S DIARY
Mussolini Ready To Ask Greece
For Truce When Hitler Saued Him

side was carried out perfectly. Mil
itary action was entirely lacking
DICE ON VERGE
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-07-05
U. 5. Passes Calm Holiday
fBN United Pressl

The nations millions, more than ever aware of freedoms cost, re- turned to their war jobs today de- termined that the next Independ- ence Day will be celebrated in a world of peace. A.
 Independence Day was celebrated with comparative calm yesterday throughout most of the country. Missing from the national scene were the parades, lofty oratory and f1amboyant fireworks displays that characterized the holiday in peace time.
 The nations death toll was low.
 In the deep South, two Civil War communities soberly returned to the Union.
 Residents of the free state of Dade, which seeded from Georgia and the rest of the nation in 1860, saw the Stars and Stripes run up on the courthouse staff for the first time in 85 years. VickSburg, Miss, victim of the bloodiest siege of the war between the states, observed its first Inde- pendence Day since General U. S. Grant entered the city on July 4, 1863.
 In the cradle of liberty" Boston's famed Faneuil Hall, a solemn gath ering heard Catholic Archbishop Richard J. Gushing warn that Ma tionalism, Racisim and Socialism tinged with hatred can only be prin- ciples of destruction"
 At a mass meeting in Cleveland, Lieutenant Commander Joseph O'Callahan, chaplain of the heroic Aircraft Carrier Franklin, offered a prayer for the nation and her fight ing men.
 A tentative count showed only 30 holiday dead as compared with a figure of 300 violent deaths pre- dicted by the National Safety Coun- cil.
 Despite heavy automobile trafiic, stimulated by increased gasoline ra- tions, traffic deaths were the lowest on record.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-07-05

The charges were brought by his wife who claimed he beat her with 8 stick early this morning and slashed her hand with razor so that she required treatment at St. Mary's hospital. The accused denied strik- ing his wife and claimed she i1- jured her hand in knocking out a window pane.
 Wilfred Martineau, 27. 62 Aca- demy avenue, was fined total of $121 on charges of reckless driving, evading responsibility, and driving without an operators license after lengthy hearing. He appealed to Common Pleas court through his attorney, George Crocicchia.
 Motor Patrolman Christopher Luddy and John Breen testified that Martineau admitted being the driver of. car which struck another machine and went through fence on North Main street June 2. Mar tineau claimed that he was not driving, but said fellow he met whose name he did not know was driving when the accident hap pened. He admitted he fled after the accident.
 Richard Crockett, 16, 230 Cherry street, was fined $25 on charge of breach of the peace. He was charged with throwing rock through 8 plate glass window at Vine and Cherry streets Friday night, Prosecutor Albert w. Hum mel said.
 Other cases: Clarence Gordon, A, 132 Boyden street, breach of the peace, nolled.
 In yesterdays City Court session, Patrick Stack, 16, 172 Orange street. charged with stealing 2 short wave transmitter and receiver from the tower atop the City Hall May ' was given a continuance to July 18.
 The boy was arrested by Detec- tive Sgt. Joseph Mccarthy and De- tective George McElligott after the theft was reported to Inspector Jo- seph R. Bendler by Roger Bryson electrical engineer.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-07-05

Two combat veterans, sons of MT. and Mrs. Domenic Lo Russo, 68 Pilgrim avenue, have served in both theaters of war.
 Warrant Officer Joseph Lo Russo, who spent a furlough here last month, has arrived in the Philip pines. In the service for nine years, he was stationed in the Philippines when the Japanese took the islands by force in January, 1942. He has also served in China, and has par ticipated in eight major battles His engagement to Miss Helen Bel cinski has recently been announced.
 His brother, Pfc. Canio Lo Russo is currently spending a 21-day fur tough here. He has served for the past two years on a hospital ship A veteran of three major battles he previously served in Italy France, Germany and England.