davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-02
REBUFF TO HILLMAN

Nothing short of outright ad-
lminiStration denunciation and
Pronunciation of the Political Ac-
tion Committee could be a greater
rebuff to Hillman, or more indi-
cative of his decline as an inner
power in the government
The Political Action Commit
tee, more than 90 per cent of its
membership being of direct COM
munistic affiliation, worke d
nightly for the continuation Ct
the New Deal last year, but sell
dom has party been so morally
embarrassed by any volunteer
helper as was the regular Demo-
cratic party under the conditions
that arose.
BLOCKED BURNS
BY actual physical gesture
Hillman turned thumbs down on
Byrnes at Chicago when President
Roosevelt urged his vice presiden.
tial nomination to pay off a heavy
obligation.
/ ByrneS, as a South Carolina
senator, had delivered several
speeches criticising labor union
practices of the extreme sort, and
number of his decisions subSe-
quently as Supreme Court JUS
tlCe likewise were not 10 the lik-
ing of radicals.
There has been no indication
that Hillman. who was permitted
10 seize control Of American poll
tics by the feveriSh and unex-
ampled conditions of 1914. plus
some of the Shrewdest political
organizational work ever con-
Quoted, haS-ehanged his mind
rabottt- -Byrnes.
Rather, as viewed in Washing
ton. the situation has turned
against fftftrrar1.
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-02
HANNEGAN MOVES Up

Democratic National Chairman
Robert + Hannegan Of Missouri
Will take ms oath AS postmaster
general Supreme Court Justice
Wiley Rutledge viii administer
fhe oath UanncGan succeeds
lraal, Maker nl RH>Slv944ia
Tom Clark of Texas. the new
attorney general takes his oath
IN thc great hall az the justice
department. Judge Thurman Arm
old. an old pal Of Clark. Will ad-
minister II. Clark succeeds Fran
Cis Biddle Of Pennsylvania
Rep. Clinton Anderson of New
Mexico VIII be sworn I'M a> ScCre-
tary of agriculture. Justice Rut-
ledge viii ofhciatc at the Cere-
mony In the agriculture depart
mcnt. Anderson succeeds Claude
N1Ckard uf-fud1aua. vino be-
comes Rural -Elpcjpuicauun- -Ad-
H44RIStratOr
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-02
Cabinet Gets
A New Faces
Byrnes Appointment
Set for Monday

WASHINGTON Juno 80 ms
President Trymsns wholesale
Shakcup o, ne Roo>s,elt cabinet
takes effect tadee rs four new
cabinet member ac sNoto ulo
c.lcc.
Ty n.shua' Nr Truman vn
have q new .ecretary of labor q
new poStma>te, c,nCfal now
attorney GciCi4I Hd b uUW SCcre-
tarv agriculture
The FIRST OF the r.v cabinet
officers 10 take his oath VIII bo
Judce Louis B Sehoef'onhach of
washington a> SecTot5IN OF labor.
Succeeding Frances Perkins a.,
New York hC VIII bc sworn IN
rT judge NNCTTNGN MlnfOn OF m
d4aha In the- offt~r-o the ~rcrr-
tary of the Senate Both SChwel-
ftubar- and Ai1utUu STTvCd IN the
Senate with the President
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-02

w. uiins h.n lsIe a. We.
hed.''lIv uuhH. Frtl .....t.
ol.-. l4se elubslmlus urar,e.
imouAine. beautiful dIapihF. pie
gan music, arsuaa s.r.f
'hrds. candle, sut rand,Iafra
When n'eded p.lcuaug rrIur-
cate, s~curtng permit s1f over
- tens ~ gsf~susl ss.tice. so
siditlonal charge fur Use %
ei'hvf lunefAl nume
Oth0 fuaefais also oi exceptional
valve ften 500 10 tt.4t0.
The sub., 1945-08-23
First Front News
(Continaed from Page FoNr)

just themselves to civilian life.
 National DAV headquarters ar1- nounces receipt of the letter from MT. Truman which said in part:
 T have learned that the Disabled American Veterans has been en- deavoring to expand the rehabili- tation program on behalf of all handicapped ex-servicemen. I am sure that all Americans, particular ly families and relatives of the war disabled, will approve this step.
 T am glad to learn of this effort and you and your committee are to be complimented on your leader ship and patriotism in placing your organization in position to render adequate service to those men who have so well served the nation. You have my best wishes for the success of the endeavor."
 The program to which President , Truman referred is the plan where by the DAV, in cooperation with the Veterans Administration, is training World War II disabled at American University in Washing ton, D. C., for positions as rehabil- itation officers in the various Vet erans Administration facilities throughout the nation.
 This program, marking the first time that men who are doing this work receive special university training, consists of six months of study at the University and 18 months of on-the-job training un- der supervision of DAV national service officers in the field.
 The veterans of World War II are going to run the United States in the next generation, President Truman declared during a recent visit to the Portland (Ore) Veter- ans Hospital. He said of wounded servicemen, Nothing is too good for them"
The sub., 1945-08-23

Seniority was adopted in indus try by management and labor for certain clear reasons. There are good and bad factors from the viewpoint of both parties involved and as the benefits of the system out-weighed the restrictions im- posed by It's application, 1t is now generally accepted.
 Labor sought approval of the principle of seniority to combat the brutally inhuman industrial human scrap-heap. Employment age limits were being constantly reduced until it was practically inn possible for a man of forty-fve years of age to obtain employment, and employees attaining that age, regardless of efficiency or length of service, were singled out for discharge to make job opportuni- ties for younger, stronger men. especially in the heavy industries where brawn is still important.
 In advocating seniority, labor was aware of the fact that Ii would create job-consciousness and affect the personal union militance of many union members. It brought forth the home guard" who was less inclined to actively combat any actions by the employer which
The sub., 1945-08-23
Lobor's Policy Unchanged

By International VicePresdent w. A. Calvin of BOermakers
 Labor nOw quarter of century ago, wishes to aid in the rehabilitation of the veteran to make the uni versay beneficial to avoid class hatreds and factonasm Give the veteran that which rghtfuy and inherently his That is all any veteran will ask expectan oppOr tunty his proper place in the life of the commit pity and of the nation.
 The veteran is entitled to his prewar job with lated seniority for all time served in uniform and ninety days following honorable military discharge. the plant industry where he previously worked nonunion or Open-shop with seniority system and if during the war interim the plant has become unionzed and through col ective bargaining has established seniority system, gardess of previous nonaation with the unon the vet still entitled to his job and seniority provided he ceps and conforms to the provisions of the agreement Un der these circumstances union initiation fees should be uced absolute minimum to allow the veterans the great est opportunity with the least inconvenience to become union member; (where rules permit unions already have established the practice granting membership to the hon. Oraby discharged veteran the payment of months dues).
The sub., 1945-08-23

Chemurgy will do it's share to augment the Nations postwar wealth and income to be shared by holders of War Bonds. The new science provided war industries with essential raw materials that were formerly secured from for eign sources. It furnishes now nu- merous necessities of life from common farm crops. Ohio lists scores of products of corn kernels, wheat, soybeans, sugar beets, pota- toes and grapes. Glue, paint, can- dles, soap, cellu1oid and endless numbers of other derivatives are obtained from vegetation through the operation of chemurgy.
 U, s, Treasury DepGrtnts~s
The sub., 1945-08-23

might repress union effectiveness, shop conditions and even wage standards; but 1t did safeguard the individual against summary dis charge and unemployment after at- tainment of middle age.
 Industry accepted the system as medium of stabilizing work forces, possibly at lower wage lev els and less favorable working con- ditions than could be imposed if the shop forces were composed of boomers who would quit one job and travel via freight-car across the continent to get job paying % or Sc higher wages per hour. Forfeiture of the privilege to fire middle-aged employees for no other reason than that nature re- duces physical power and energy with the passing of years, was probably considered the lesser of two evils by industry.
 Benefits of Security
 Seniority in itself Is good. It encourages stability and perform ance. It reduces migration of workers and allows family life to become deeply rooted in the soil of the community with resultant in- terest and participation in civic, social, economic and political &C., tivity. It is a beneficial tonic for the preservation of a healthy in- dustrial democracy.
 | Certain brass hats have assumed the responsibility of Interpreting the G. I. Bill of Rights. They have even issued directive orders creating a super-seniority system whereby standard seniority sys- tems are subordinated and a vet eran of World War II is retained in employment during cutbacks when senior employees, even though they be veterans of World War I, are forced out of work. Of course, neither the Selective Service Board nor the Veterans Bureau has been granted any aa- thority to render such decisions. Congress wisely delegated such authority to the District Courts and District Attorneys. If any veteran of the present war believes that discrimination has been practiced against him, he has recourse to the District Courts which are at his disposal without cost.
 It is unfortunate that brass hats so frequently adorn wooden heads. The principles of super-veteran- seniority are illogical, utterly un- sound, and obviously the product of either a totally immature, un- developed mind, or diabolical!y cunning brain. In either case the only results of such a system are chaos, disorder, and unhealthy riv- airy.
 A preponderant majority of all soldiers, sailors, marines, and f1iers and their feminine counterparts- WACS, WAVES, STARS, etc. come from the ranks of labor and the homes of workers; and a home divided against itself cannot stand.
The sub., 1945-08-23

The former United States Liner, America, now the West Point, this country's largest troopship, has carried more than 350,000 service men and women and passengers during the war. The vessel has travelled the equivalent of more than fourteen times around the globe. Her service has sent her to all parts of the world and her speed has been such that she has not voyaged in convoy.
The sub., 1945-08-23

The common people an the early Roman state were called PlebianS.
The sub., 1945-08-23
The Yard Stroller
(ContinNed from PagI FoNr)

1LOHt1NNSN 7TOW FagS TOW7
 Rowland Bishop had for visitors at the hospital Sunday night Miss Maker and Chappie and his aunt, Mrs. Gray and his cousin, Lorraine and Al. Partridge. Bishop was feeling very blue.
 Peter O'Malley was seen at the Marine Bar and Grill. Pete was not in the mood to drink any liq- uor so We take it for granted he has gone dry. We hope you don't start a drive for prohibition, Pete.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-10-06
CHINA FRIENDSHIP DAY

October 10-China's Independence Day-will be observed in Alaska as China Friendship Day. Hon. orary chairman for Alaska the national committee for this event is Gov. Ernest Gruenng It is fitting that the people of Alaska join wishing one of their strongest friends well The Governors remarks are as follows:
 "China's Independence Day-her Fourth of July is October tenth. This great national holiday com- melnorates the dedication of the Chinese nation to the ideals of free and democratic China envisaged by China's immortal leader, Dr. Sun Yat-sen.
 Throughout the United States it's Territories and possessions, this day will be celebrated as China Friendship Day,-a day when Americans everywhere join in a neghborly tribute to their friends the heroic people of China
 This Bath anniversary of the Republic finds China joyful in peace at last, standing the pinnacle of her four thousand years of civilized hstory-free to take her rghtful place in the world as a modern, democratic state.
 But three months ago. the people of China, still fighting gallantly for national survival though worn and weighted with the ravages of war almost to the limits of endurance, marked another, bitter and sorrowful anniversary, recalling the date of July ', 1937, when the storm of Japanese aggression broke over China in full fury,-a grim reminder that China
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-10-06

has been the nation longest at war of all in the world
 For eight dark years of unreeved struggle and despair, the people of China-wth indomitable will, and almost with their bare hands,-fought of resistance that amazed the world Knowing nothing of modern warfare and modern machines lacking food clothing and ammunition, they were determined to fight on with flesh and blood, and by their death to slow down the advance of fully armed enemy to trade space for time until the Allies would range themselves at their side
 The destroyed Chinas industry its railways and foreign trade, drove the students from its niver sities and made refugees of fifty millions of her people-more than one-thrd as many people as there in the whole United States. And beside the of there the old disasters-flood famine and drought
 China survived because of the magnificent moral and spiritual strength of her peopebecause of their consecraton to ideals of freedom which deep and eternal
 To-day the Chinese nation faces an enormous but to carry forward the transformation of a whole way of life, the establishment of democratic China, which disrupted by the war.
 T am sure that the people of Alaska join with free people everywhere in their desire to help China bind her wounds, to restore faith to establish de- that all Aaskans will take part whole heartedly the plans and programs prepared for the observance of China Friendship Day in the Territory.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-10-06
Veteran Tax Relief
Cincinnati Enquirer)

Cincinnati Enquirer)
 The Senate Finance Committee is considering a tentative plan to give war veterans breather for a year or two by exemptng of their civilian income, just they allowed $500 military exemption while in uniform. In effect, that military exemption gave the average enlisted in uniform complete immunity from Federal income tax if he had no income other than service pay. Undoubtedly there is something to be said for financial assistance of this sort for veterans. good many served at monetary sacrifice, although of course others financially better off than they would have been in civilian life. Many veterans will need help for the first year two if they buying homes, starting small businesses, or reestablishing themselves in the medical legal professions for example.
 On the other hand it must be acknowledged that the proposed partial tax exemption of veterans would tend to give the most substantial help to those who least need it. The larger their civilian incomes, the higher their surtax ratethe relatively few who in the surtax bracketsand consequently the greater the relief afforded. Those with very small incomes will not benefit appreciably It must be noted how that there unemployment benefits for those without jobs.
 Rather than invite abuses, the proposed exemp- tion might well be limited to veterans who served substantial time-possiby those in uniform for two years more This would avoid what would be in effect subsidy without good for the vast number who were disconnected for a very few months and at nominal sacrifice
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-10-06
NAZIS GAINED A LOT

Shortly before the war a new method for production of iso- octane was found in America; alkylization with isomerization as preliminary step. This process, which MT. Haslam does not men, tion at all, originates in fact en- tirely with the Americans and has become known to us in detail in it's separate stages through our agree ments with them, and is being used very extensively by us"
 Summing up the sijua..on re- garding gasoline, the memo states:
 Tt must be noted that particu- larly in the case of production of aviation gasoline on an iso-octane basis, hardly anything was given to the Americans, while we gained lot"
 Turning toluol, the Farben study stated that T. G. technically so improved the aromatization through the discovery of new cata- lystS that the production of aro- matic fuels became possible on large scale. The Americans learned nothing from us about this. .. When MT. Haslam, in connection with toluol talks of a miracle which has fallen to the Americans through the hydrogenation pro- cess, his statement is not correct, for toluol can be produced without hydrogenation and is in any case not produced by hydro genation in America"
 Finally, the Germans used their American colleagues to accumulate stores of oil and gasoline in the LISA. for transportation to Ger many. Regarding this, the l. G. Farben report states: Tn 1885, our government had the greatest in- terest in gathering from abroad a stock of especially valuable pe- troleum products Gin particular, aviation gasoline and aviation lu- bricating oiD and holding it in reserve to an amout approximately equal to $20,000,000 at market value. The German Government asked I. G. if it were possible, on the basis of it's friendly relations with Stan- dard Oil, to buy this amount as I. G.-actually, however, as trustee of the German Government.
 The fact that we actually suc- ceeded, by means of the most diffi- cult negotiations, in buying the quantity desired by our govern ment from the American Standard Oil Company and the Dutch Royal Dutch-Shell group and in trans pcrtating it to Germany was made possible only through the aid of the Standard Oil Company"
 Copyright, 1945, by Bell Syndicate, Inc.)
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-10-06
Daily Lessons in English v v. L. GORDON

WORDS OFTEN mentioned L' mentioned and ME-
 MISPRONOUNCED: Panorama Pronounce ASK, principal accent third syllable.
 OFTEN NfISSPEILED the H.
 mingled miscellaneous various confused gomerate.
 and it is yours" Let each Todays HEINOUS extremely Tt a heinous crime"
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-10-06
HOROSCOPE "The stdrs incline
 bat do not compep'
SUNDAY, OCTOBER 2

Benefic aspects rule strongly to- day which should bring serenity and happiness to large numbers of men and women.
 HEART AND HOME
 Families happy over the return of their men from war zones now should realize that they must enlist in battles against greed, graft and black markets. Astrologers warn that unless humanity develops it's spiritual qualities civilization must disappear; there are threatening signs for the future.
 BUSINESS AFFAIRS
 A decade of great business activ- ity is foretold by the seers. Those who guide trade and commerce must avoid all forms of unjust competi- tion, monopoly and special privi- lege In this new era there will be extremes of good and bad fortune.
 NATIONAL ISSUES
 Overburdened taxpayers will be sensitive in coming months to lIn- pressions of inequalities affecting average Americans, such as the ap- purtenances and benefits enjoyed by persons of political influence.
 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
 Subtle methods of planting sus- picion regarding the aims of Russia will continue to be common in the press and on the radio. Words never were so likely to be dangerous as they are under the stars of 1945.
 Persons whose birthdate it is have the augury of a year that should be most favorable to their home and plans.
 Children born on this day probab- ly will be endowed with wit and ima- gination. These LibranS have great potentialitieS.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-10-06
HEART AND HOME


 For women, this will be month of changes in business or profes- sional associations which should be ultimately fortunate. Not a lucky date for seeking employment. Love affairs should be kept in the back ground of interest.
 BUSINESS AFFAIRS
 Closer trade relations and more real neighborliness with Mexico are prognosticated. Increased volume o1 travel from the United States is forecast with much success for air lines.
 NATIONAL ISSUES
 Motion pictures come under a sway that indicates increased responsible bility in the proper presentation o1 our American life. Films that give to foreign audience true idea o1 our everyday existence should re- place Wild West and melodramatie types, the seers declare.
 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
 By the end of the year unity ol sympathy and understanding among nations will be well advanced anc the hope for everlasting peace will expand
 Persons whose birthdate it is have the augury of year in which com- forts and pleasures will rule. Excess es of all sorts should be avoided. Children born on this day probab- ly will be exceedingly bright and able to make much of their intellec- tual gifts, which may be remark able.
 Copyright, 1945)
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-10-06

be kept from production by enemy patents"
 The Farben memo then added:
 "A further fact must be taken into account, which for obvious reasons did not appear in Haslam's article. As consequence of our contracts with the Americans, we received from them above and be- yond the agreement many valuable contributions for the synthesis and improvement of motor fuels and lubricating oils, which just now during the war are most useful to us, and we also received other ad- vantages from them.
 Without lead JeJra-ethyl, the present method of warfare would be unthinkable. The fact that since the beginning of the war we could produce lead tetra-ethyl is en- tirely due to the circumstance that shortly before the Americans had presented us with. the production plans complete with experimental knowledge. Thus the difficult work of development (one need only re- call the poisonous property of lead tetra-ethyl, which caused many deaths in the USA) was spared us, since we could take up the manufacture of this product to- gether with all the experience that the Americans had gathered over long years"
 On the subject of lubricating oils, the I. G. Farben memo was gen. erous in praise for the excellent work done by Americans. In this connection, the memo said, i've obtained not only the experiences of Standard, but, through Stan- dard, the experience of General Motors and other large American motor companies as we'll"
 NAZI SECRECY
 Discussing high octane gasoline, the I. G. Farben memo diScloses how the Nazis maintained strictest secrecy" when it came to telling Standard Oil officials what they were doing. The memo states:
 MT Haslam further declares that the German aircraft industry in contrast to the American and English, could not have been changed over to the use of iso- octane. From this the conclusion might be drawn that we did not know the process for iso-octane. However we used other methods to produce iso-octane and chose to proceed by way of isobutyl alcohol, which is produced from carbon monoxide and hydrogen, that is to say, on a pure coal basis. Appar- ently this fact is unknown to the Americans. At any rate, we main- tained the strictest secrecy in all negotiations about the fact that we produce iso-octane on an in- dustrial scale. :. <.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-10-06

Especially in the sense of iso- octane, it is shown that we owe much to the Americans because In our own work we would draw widely on American information on the behavior of fuels in motors. Moreover, we were also kept cur- rently informed by the Americans on the progress of their production process and it's further develop ment.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-10-06
MRS. DEVLIN GOES SOUTH

Mrs. zola Devlin, owner and manager of Devlins Shoe Store, is on a combined business and pleasure trip to Seattle and Port land, leaving on the Steamer North Sea. She plans to spend about six or seven weeks in the two cities before returning to Juneau.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-10-06
MODERN ETIQUETTE 0y 0yaonrprA ,er

O. others wedding anniversary away other continue doing so?
 A would be moreta 0 10
 a getting elevator of any, is a
  | fish with the knife when eating it? is be