davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Apache sentinel., 1945-03-09
- 4 FORT IS FoUNDEI

Geronimo, successor to a long line of
capable warriors including Chief Cochise
and Mangus Colorado. Geronimo was re-
puted the most fierce of the Apache war
riors and the encounters of troops sent to
guard the border attest to his cruel and
willy generaliShip. The "scrap of paper"
theory with regard to treaties was fire.
quently employed by the Apaches under
Geronimo. Numerous treaties aimed at
the cessation of hostilities were signed.
Monthly gifts of food, blankets, farm
implements and horses were presented to
the Indians by the Government but to no
avail. The life of a treaty served only to
give the Apaches time to recoup their
strength before taking to the war-path
again.
The Apache sentinel., 1945-03-09
By 1T. ROBERT A. DAVIS

EAR FROM commonplace were the
reasons for the establishment of Fort
Huachuca. Friendly relations with Mexico
ana the enforcement of Federal authority
In the Arizona Territory depended on
speedy and effective control of the legen-
dary ApacheS whose activities in the sew
entles threatened to make this part of the
United States a no-manS-land.
With the end of the Mexican War and
the acquisition of the Arizona Territory
by the United States through the Gadsden
purchase in 1854, the Dragon -Chiricahua
Apaches became wards of the United States
and their raioS into the province of So
nora, Mexico, bade fair to upset the deli
cate balance in international relations re-
Gently established at great cost both to
MEXICO and the United States The mem
ory OF the Mexican War, 1846-1848. was
too fresh in the minds of the American
public to permit the continued existence
OF a situation which might precipitate
anOtner breach between the United States
ana her ne1ghbor to the SOUTH In addi-
ton, settlement of the newly won land of
promise, California, was waning as result
OF the dlfflculties encountered by pioneers
making their way to the West Coast.
Strangely, three hundred year-old
vow, its original meaning long since for
which made necessary the founding of a
border garrison in Southern Arizona.
historians have recorded the adventures
OF the Spanish ConquiStadoreS in Southern
Arizona and have dated the Apache VOW
to permit no foreigners to enter their
domain from the middle of the sixteenth
century The Dragon Chiricahua Apaches.
native Inhabitants of what was success
ssively called the land of the "Seven
Ariz
finally Arizona, determined purely as a
defensive measure after their unfor-
tunate experiences at the hands of the
adventurerS from Spain, that they would
ccnSecrate their energies and their lives
toward keeping their land free of the
presence and influence of all foreigners.
In the peculiar way which time has with
ideals and motives, during the succeeding
three hundred years. the original purpose
OF the VOW was forgotten and, indeed, the
once harried natives of Apacheria became
marauderS, murdererS and plundererS The
sheep became wolves, the oppressed be-
came oppreSsors and aggressors. However,
the Apaches were not the only offenders
Their raids were duplicated by renegade
American and Mexican bandits and gun
runners. The small detachments of troops
which had been spared for duty in Arizona
Territory were insufficient to prevent the
Apache raids into Mexico and to put an
end to the waylaying of travellers on the
Overland Trail blazed by the Forty Miners
enroute to California
Having no historical or legendary justi-
fication for their activities, the Mexican
and American bandits were eventually
brought under control and ceased to be a
problem of prime Importance 1t was not
SO with the Apaches who were led by
The Apache sentinel., 1945-03-09

60. d, Indian Scouts, was dispatched from
Camp Grant, Arizona Territory. and set
out for the accomplishment of this mission.
Captain WhitSide, veteran of the Civil
War and Indian Campaigns had operated
against the Apaches in this part of the
country prior to the expedition and was
familiar with the country. He chose a site
which gave access to the Sonoita and
Santa Cruz Valleys, within striking dis
tance of the San Pedro Valley and the
Puerto de los Mulos (Mule Pass, favorite
crossing point of the Dragoon-C Chiricahua
ApacheS.
Rocky hills covered with large growths
OF timber-juniper, oak and pine charac-
The Apache sentinel., 1945-03-09

terlzed the area. Water was scarce and of
poor quality. Roads were non-existent
and there was not an American rancher or
settler within radius of hundred miles.
The site was in the Huachuca Mountains.
Here in canyon, the party pitched their
tents beside stream fed by mountain
waters. The date was March 4, 1877.
2 From this location, formerly used as an
overnight encampment in expeditions
against the Indians, sheltered by the Hua-
chucas and with view of the MILESTONE
Mountains and the San Pedro Valley
where stood the Cochise Stronghold Capt.
The Apache sentinel., 1945-03-09

The fact that agents of the Indian
Bureau established to protect the inter-
ests OF the Indians, were guilty of fraud.
trlckery and outright robbery merely
served to further aggravate an already
intolerable situation.
1t was decided early in 1877, that
garrison should be located at a strategic
point in Southern Arizona for the express
purpose of coping with the Apaches.
Captain Samuel Marmaduke Whitside
commanding Co. B, 9th Cavalry, was Sc
lected and with Capt. w. A. Rafferty,, Co
M, 9th Cavalry, and End 1t. Robert Hanna.
The Apache sentinel., 1945-03-09

Whitside conducted his operations. On
December 10, 1877, site near the present.
day Garden Canyon was designated Camp
Detachment, 9th Cavalry Huachuca a
Mountains, Arizona Territory" and on
January 81, 1878, was declared perma-
nent camp.
Of course, there were innumerable prob
lens in connection with the establishments
of this camp Mail and communications
were slow. Adobe buildings and warehouses
were rendered useless during the rainy
season and supplies were ruined Liquor
was sold unauthorizedly on the post. Sup
plies were delayed in arrival Through it
all, there were the Apaches to contend
with, not only in their usual activities but
IN forayS against the post itself!
In the f1ve-year period, 1878-1883, the
activities of the military against the
ApacheS were largely of police nature
and none too successful at that Vast
mineral resources had been discovered in
the Bisbee-Tombstone area and prospec-
tors by the thousands flocked in, confident
OF the protection afforded by the presence
OF troops at Fort Huachuca Representa-
tlVeS OF Eastern capital invested in the
new boom" area began to clamor for
protection of their interests.
From an attitude in which it seriously
considered giving the land back to the
Indians, the Government, in 1888, decided
on new course. A fortnight policy was
Undertaken and the memorable campaigns
began which catapulted many compara-
lively unknown officers from Huachuca
INTO history as great commanders Among
those were Generals Crook, Miles, and
Leonard Wood
During these campaigns, Geronimo's
forces were literally run ragged and i'm
1885 that Stalwart brave, with most of his
tribe, surrendered to Army forces COM
posed OF crack elements of the 4th and 9Th
Cavalry. There is reason to believe that
Geronimo expected to be settled on res
ervat1on in the locality from which he
could plan and execute reprisals after
rallying his forces.
However, the lesson had been learned
and Geronimo and the most hostile mem
bers of his tribe were exiled to Florida.
Alabama and later to Fort Sill, Oklahoma.
The remainder of the Apaches were Sc
curely guarded on reservations, many of
them becoming respected members of
SOS-SOJ 20 PS1OCAOA c11O pIOSpGIOuS CdCUlG
raiSerS.
Today, the once dread term Dragoon-
Chiricahua Apache, has practically dis
appeared from the minds of the American
people. Even So old settlers of the state
recall with feeling of horror the days
when Geronimo held full sway.
Captain Whitside did not see the sue
cessfu completion of the mission which
he had begun. Records show that in Feb
ruary, 1880, he requested leave of alb
Sence, stating that in twenty years of
service he had had seventy days of leave
and that the requested leave would be his
tlrSt in ten years. He got the leave
Though he never returned to command
the fort he had founded, Captain Whit
sides success and that of his officers and
men cannot be doubted. Fort Huachuca
exists today. The records are yellowed and
crumbllng with age but the facts are there
to tell of "The Founding of a Fort"
(Much of the material for this article is
from the historical notes of Mr. Edward J.
Keley) -
The Apache sentinel., 1945-03-09

---- -.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-07-25

been keeping company with Mrs. Hatch regularly for a year but other than this he refused to state the nature and extent of their relationship.
 Appointment Unkept
 Lucarelli spent the morning and early afternoon in Brunos res- taurant and its vicinity, awaiting the expected arrival of Mrs. Hatch at 2 p. m. During that time he alleged that he drank four to six glasses of beer which in no way affected him. When Mrs. Hatch failed to appear at the appointed time, Lucarelli left the restaurant. Returning at 3 p. m. he found Mrs. Hatch sitting alone in a booth where he joined her and where he drank one glass of beer. He remained and conversed with her for a half hour during which time an argument arose between them. He refused to divulge the nature of their conversation or the reason for the argument. He stated that he walked out of the restaurant, leaving Mrs. Hatch there when she said something that he did not like. No blows were struck and Lucarelli was emphatic in declaring that neither at this time nor at any time dur ing their association did either strike the other. After leaving the restaurant, Lucarelli went to his room where he remained un- til he again returned to Bruno'S restaurant at 4:30 p. m., seeking Mrs. Hatch. Not finding her there, he then went to Suozza's restaurant where he was employed as a cook and where he was re- quired to report at p. m.
 After working at his employ ment for about forty-five minutes he informed a fellow-employe that he was unable to work longer and that he was going home, giv- ing trouble with his teeth as the reason. He then returned to his rooming house where he had two swallows of whiskey from a bot tie. in the room and where he re- mained until about 9:30 p. m. While in his room during this time Lucarelli formed an intent to stab and kill Mrs. Hatch. He removed two-bladed knife from buread drawer in the room and placed it in his pocket. Seeking Mrs. Hatch to fulfill his intent he walked to and entered Bruno's restaurant and went to the bar. It was then approximately S:45 p. m. He ob- served Mrs. Hatch sitting in a booth with an acquaintance seated opposite her.
 Describes Restaurant
 A visit to Bruno's restaurant, the entrance to which Is on Sav- ings street, disclosed 1t to be Q large room, its length paralleling Phoenix avenue. South of this room Is 6 smaller room which is a kitchen and is used for prepar- Ing food. Close and parallel to the easterly wall Is Q bar whose length runs from the south wall for more than half the establishment. Against the west wall are seven high backed booths. customarily found in restaurants. all of which except the most southerly are for the use of patrons. These booths are SO affixed that occupants face north and south. An open space of about 6 feet lies between the bar and the booths west of the bar. AS one walks from the north. thore ls an open space ol sllehtly more than two feet between tho third and fourth booths. which space |s the entrance Co and exit
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-07-25

from a mems room in the west wall.
 The booth in which Mrs. Hatch sat was against the west wall and was the fifth booth from the north wall or the third from the south wall. She sat at the extreme easterly edge of the booth seat and faced the south wall. As Luz carelli entered the restaurant, he directed a "hello' to Mrs. Hatch and ordered drink for himself at the bar. Mrs. Hatch made no re- ply but her seat companion re- turned Lucarellis greeting. Lu- carelli did not join Mrs. Hatch in the booth but remained at the bar. Nothing further was said to Mrs. Hatch by Lucarelli or by the former to the latter. After stand ing at the bar for a short time Lucarelli walked to and entered the mems room, removed his knife from his left shirt pocket, opened the larger of its two blades, and, holding it in his right hand, walk ed from the mems room to the booth where Mrs. Hatch was sit- ting. She was about 6 feet distant from the door of the mems room and Lucarelli, as he approached her, came from her back. As Lu- carelli reached the seat where Mrs. Hatch was sitting, he, with out uttering 8 word, raised his right arm and with downward sweep plunged the blade of the knife into the left breast of Mrs. Hatch, attempting to penetrate her heart. Leaving the knife im- bedded in her breast. Lucarelli quickly turned and walked out of the restaurant. He then walked to the northwesterly corner of Ex- change Place where he informed a police officer that he had stabbed woman. He was then taken into custody and placed under arrest.
 Cause of Death
 Mrs. Hatch was removed to St. Mary's hospital where she died on July IT, 1945, from a severed intercostal artery, severed inter- nal mamary artery. lacerated lung, hemopneumothorax, left sided, caused by the stab wound of the chest.
 The record of the inquest dis closes that the stabbing was a planned, deliberate act by Luca- relli for which no legal excuse or justification exists.
 find that the death of said Mary Hatch, was caused by the criminal act of said Nicholas Rocco Lucareln.
 In compliance with the statute, I have filed with the Clerk of the Superior Court for New Haven County at Waterbury, my report of the inquest, together with the testimony taken.
 Dated at Waterbury. Connecti- cut, this 25th day of July, A. D. 1945.
 STEPHEN A. HOMICK,
 Coroner for New Haven County
 At Waterbury.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-07-25
.U. $. Airforce
 Wants Action
(Continued from Page D

The Navy f1iers who opened the assault on Kure yesterday went down within 1,700 feet of the Japa- nese guns to lay their deadly bomb loads.
 Among them was a fighting Texan whose great-uncle, the fa- nous Judge Beon, brought law and order west of the Pecos in the early days of the Lone Star State.
 Cruiser Hit
 The Texan, It. (jg) Roy Bean, brought his own brand of law and order to Kure. He sent 1,000- pound bomb crashing into the deck of the light cruiser Oyodo, scoring one of several hits that left the warship blazing furiously.
 T dove to 1,700 feet and re- leased my bombs" said Bean. "Au the time there was so much ack- ack that the sky looked like Texas rainbow"
 Bean said he saw other hits that blew the cruisers bow clear out of the water.
 Battleship Hit
 Ensign Glen H. Even, San Diego, was after bigger game, and he got it. He dropped o 1,000-pound bomb souarely into the deck of a 30.0O0- ton battleship of the ISE class - the second direct hit on the dreadr naught.
 Commander Wallace A. Sherrill, Boston, Mass, leader of one attack ing formation, said it was "the most beautiful bombing I ever saw. I didn't see single wild bomb :. They were all right on the target"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-07-25

(COnClnueQ rom Page U the mandate given him by the Na- tional Assembly meeting at Vichy under the pressure of German bayonets," Daladier cried:
 we saw the birth of regime which, under the name of the French state. was to replace the republic, supported by band of adventurers and traitors.
 We, however, refused to believe in Frances irremediable defeat, and left on June 20, 1940, on the steamer MaSsilia. While on the high seas we learned of the armistice condi- tions, and decided to organize in North Africa resistance movement among French patriots"
 Daladier's Own Trial
 But Daladier was brought back to France to become prisoner and to face 8 Nazi-dominated French court in the incompleted Riem trials.
 Daladier then told of his hope that Petain would raise the flag of resistance at the time of the Allied invasion of North Africa.
 ''At the time of the American landings in North Africa" he said, T expected great things from Vichy, but was terribly disappointed when I saw that nothing happened.
 T heard nothing but the cries of soldiers driven from their barracks. I heard nothing but the heavy Ger man jackboot entering Bourrasol Prison. Let men and history judge these events"
 He said that while he was talk ing with Governor General August Nogues in North Africa about or ganizing the resistance movement, the since slain Georges Mandel, in- terior minister Ill Daladier's gov- ernment, was working on his own.\
 Defends Self
 Mandel, he said, saw Lord Gort and Alfred Duff Cooper, British off, cials in the Mediterranean, and finally was arrested.
 'The whole affair collapsed, and the MaSSilia returned to France" he continued. ask you - was it the attitude of fugitives we took? As if one were taking flight by go- ing to French territory to defend his country's interests!"
 He then discussed his own irn- prisonment at Bourrasol, charging that Petain took judicial powers upon himself and in October, 1941, T was condemned without even having been heard"
 While in prison,, he said, he re- ceived a message from officers of Petain's personal army saying that they were ready with supplies and arms to join saying that they were ready with supplies and arms to join in a resistance movement; but nothing ever came of it. Accuses Petain Further
 "Oh, if Petain had only had the courage of his convictions, then it would have been great, having ex- perienced Frances misery and risen out of it to resume the struggle" he said.
 He said that France had 2,50O planes at the beginning of the war. Germany's tank production, he in- sisted, was no higher than Frances but the Germans had a two-year advantage.
 He asked permission to read sta- tistics on French war materials in June, 1886. in September, 1889, when war was declared, and May, 1940, when France was collapsing. They were, for the respective periods:
 Mortars, 1,280, 7,500 and 9,950; anti-tank guns, %. 1,28O and 5000; half-tracks. 800, 5000 and 5000; heavy tanks, IT, $40, and $40; super heavy tanks, IT, 266, and 260.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-07-25
CREW SAVES STEEL

Watervliet, N. Y. (UP)-A sal- wage crew at Pueblo, Col, Ord- nance depot has saved $2,250 and hundreds of pounds of critical steel strapping in less than two months. The men collect the strips of steel as they are removed from incom- ingf crates. hammer them out straight, roll them up on a wheel and clip them together to make one new continuous strapping.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-07-25
Walter WincheII On Br00dwQy

I up and help her with the children. I've been so neglectful" "Oh, don't tear yourself down.. comfort ed friend. Everybody knows you gave her 8 million in war bonds and lots more besides!" To which ar eavesdropper at the adjacent table muttered: She's still under paid"
 Love & Kixxxx: Hoagy Car michael's song, How Little We Know" as E. Hoist plays it at 3 East 53rd "The Real F. D. R." It is edited by Clark Kinnaird of King Features and contains sev- eral stories about him from here. Jane Pickens' song styles at the Waldorf's Starlight Roof Cab Galloway furnishing "Blow-Top Blues" at the Zanzibar War ner's Christmas in Connecticut" at the Strand Geraldine Fitz- Gerald's performance in Uncle Harry" Budd and Johnson'S music at the 3 Deuces.
 Broadway Ballad (By Don Wahn): l: Your heart was out of town that night I called |. Oh, I could tell by ev'ry word and glance That someone new had left you quite en- thralled '. And very keen to end our young romance Your lips were out of reach that night I found-that torch fires have a way of growing cool But what was I to dol stuck around To show how well I play the role of fool Your smile was out of warmth, I must admit In fact, the evening held a furtive nip. For now that you are starring in a hit-youre really out of patience with this drip But when this guy tires (F'or men are fickle) .. :. Just call me back (And you'll be out nickelD
 Main Stem Ticker: If the coun- termen at Bickfords Con 7th in the 50s) refuse your paper money (nlarked HawaiD, call a cop. They refused service to man who offered such money Gin advance)-eXplain- ing: We have been ordered to do so by banks" Our bank says no The wilson" broadcast has been switched from Hwood to N. Y. August 2nd. Betty Grable will be here for it, as will Prof. zanuck and others A report says that Variety is the sponsor of WOR's all- night program, which the show folks bible hasn't announced yet. The Mt. Gretna (PennD Play house, a click, is directed by the late Rose Coghlan's son, Charles. The Summer stock troupe invites wounded war vets in the area free .. G. E. Sokolsky strikes a mourn ful note for MT. Billingsley's place with this dig: How rapidly times change. For years the Stork Club seemed to be an annex of the Capi- tol. That is all over now" |. Wanna bet?
 Sounds in the Night: In the Cub Room: I'd rather fight with her than be happy with anyone else"... At Reuben's: Did you ever hear so many rankinaccuracies?" .. |. At the Latin Quarter: He's the kind of a sucker who loves 'em and loves 'em!" Att he 1-2-3: "She must be in rut; she has only three mink coats" At the Zan- zibaH "Oh, I wouldn't say he's tight. But every time he picks up his own check he feels like he's treating" At the Endure: His wife left him when she learned he sat up with chick friend :. . At the St. Moritz Cafe de la Paix: were gonna be married as soon as she finds job"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-07-25
Twinine Will Lead B-29s
(Continued from Page D
diotelephoto from NEA Telephoto)

per cent more bombs per month than ever hit Germany. The peak reached by the combined efforts of British and American flyers against Germany was 185,000 tons in one month. By next March, the U. s. flyers alone will be delivering 270,- 900 tons of bombs to Japan every month.
 Take Over Next Wednesday
 Army Air Force manpower is being dropped only 270000 from its peak of 2,400,00 to fight the Pacific war, Baker said.
 Twining will take over command of the 20th on Aug. l, Lemay, will become chief of staff to Gen. Carl L. Spaatz, commander of the U. s. strategic airforces in the Pacific.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-07-25


 portedly under consideration by the marines but has not yet been an- nounced.
 Regular navy officers, with the exception of those with a regular status of enlisted man and serving as officers only<temporarily, are in- eligible. Reserve officers of the med- ical, dental and chaplain corps are excluded until shortages in these de- partments are overcome.
 The navy emphasized that the plan is not in any sense partial demobilization measure. Navy strength will be kept up to its au- thorized peak of 3.389.000 officers and men until Japan's defeat. The purpose is to relieve older men with lOng service and replace them waaD younger material.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-07-25

day, was virtually closed. The Wood Ridge strike was unauthoriz- ed.
 Protest Walk Out
 Wood-Ridge plant workers walk ed out in protest against the dis nissal by the company of Jack Potts, union shop stewart. The com- pany said Potts had been discharged because he called a supervisor vile names as the result of a warning notice given him because of unwar- ranted absenteeism
 The company said that grievance procedure for such cases still is in effect and that provisions are made for settling unsolved. disputes through an impartial arbitrator.