Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-12-28

military aide, is at right. The
Big Three
Continued From First Page.)
Japan, the United States retains for
itself veto over policies proposed
by other Allies, as well as recogni-
! ton of Gen. Macarthur as sole
executive authority for the Allied
powers in Japan" but loses freedom
of action in effecting major govern
ment changes over Soviet, British or
Chinese disapproval.
New Control Machinery.
The new Japanese control ma
chinery involves:
l. Replacement of the Far Eastern
Advisory Commission with a Far
Eastern Commission, empowered to
make rather than merely recon-
mend policy. The 10 members of
the old Advisory Commission will be
Joined by Russia to make up the
new body.
2. Creation of an Allied Council to
consult and advise" with Gen. Mac
Arthur on experimentation of policy.
Besides Gen. Macarthur as the
American member and chairman,
the council will include Soviet and
Chinese representatives and one act
ing jointly for Britain, Australia,
New Zealand and India.
Empowered to formulate" policies
for carrying out the Japanese sur
render terms and to review on the
| request of any member any action
taken so far by Gen. Macarthur,
the commission will act by ma jority
rule.
This majority, however, must in
clude the unanimous vote of the
United States, Russia, Britain and
China.
Thus any one of the three other
big" powers can block new policies
proposed by the United States, but
at the same time this Government
can block any move it does not like
to revise previous directives to Gen.
Macarthur.
Interim Directives.
| To prevent such inaction as has
resulted from application of a SIM
liar veto power in the Allied Control
Council for Germany, the United
States is empowered to issue in
term" dlrectives to Gen. Macarthur
whenever urgent matters arise not
covered by policies already formu-
lated by the commission"
Such American freedom of action
does not extend, however, to direc-
tiveS dealing with fundamental
changes in the Japanese structure
or in the regime of control, or deal
ing with a change in the japanese
government as whole" On these
major matters there must be COM
mission agreement-under the Big
-Four veto voting procedure-before
any directive is issued.
Once the commission makes policy
decisions, the United States Gov
eminent will prepare directives &C
cordingly and issue them to Gen.
Macarthur. who still will be the sole
authority issuing orders to the jap
anese.
If "exigencies and situation" per-
init. Gen. Macarthur will consult
and advise" with the Allied Council
before he issues orders ION matters
OF substance" but his decisions on
these matters shall be controlling"
Powers Circumscribed.
His powers are circumscribed, like
those Of the American Government.
however, on questions concerning
organic changes in Japan. If any
member of the council disagrees
with HIM regarding implementation
OF policy decisions on such questions.
he must hold up issuance of orders
until the disagreement is settled by
the commissioner extension of the
veto on policy making to policy
execution.
The four member council will sit
in Tokyo while the larger commits
sion will have its headquarters in
Washington but may meet in Tokyo
or elsewhere whenever desirable.
Besides the Big Four, the seven
other nations now represented on
the advisory commission will be in
vited to participate in the revised
policy making body. They are
France, the Netherlands, Canada,
Australia, New Zealand, India and
the Philippine Commonwealth.
Delegations of the 10 member ma
tons of the old commission now
are en- route to Japan for an inspec-
ton trip. A Russian representative
may join the group in Tokyo and
return with it to Washington about
February Is.
Like its predecessor, the commits
sion is banned from considering
Japanese territorial adjustments" or
the conduct of military operations.
Face-Saving Compromise.
In what appeared to be a face
saving compromise of American and
British insistence on truly represent
tative and democratic governments
in Romania and Bulgaria, the Big
Three agreed:
l. To jointly advise King Michael
to include one member of the Ma
tional Peasant Party and one mem
Der of the Liberal Party in the Ro-
manian government. When the re-
organized government promi Uses
prompt free elections, with all DEM
ocratic parties eligible to partici-
pate, and guarantees freedom of
press, speech, religion and associa-
ton, it will be recognized by Wash
ington and London.
2. Russia will give friendly adj
vice" to the Bulgarian government
to include IAN additional two repre-
sentatives of other democratic
groups" Once this is done, it will
oct Apoaripon ond nrificl raoo,,.;