davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-06-14

the United States, Great Britain and
the rest tof the United Nations except
Russia-has been selected to attend the
meeting which will decide on the estab-
lishnlent Of National Polish Govern
ment, and be recognized Immediately by
the rest Of the world.
Premier Arciszewsky, for instance, has
an excellent anti-Nad record, rs far
as Is known here. He performed the
duties Of premier in the Polish under
ground ghost cabinet" The under
ground had shown itself to be 100 per
cent loyal to all Allies, including, OF
course, the U. 8. s. r..
The test Of how sovereign Poland
will become after the present Warsaw
administration has been expanded"
will come very soon.
In the Moscow agreements signed in
1s43 BY former Secretary OF State Hull,
Britain's Foreign Secretary Eden and
Russia's Foreign Commissar Molotov,
it.was provided specifically that the Big
Three would withdraw their armies Of
occupation from the liberated countries
at the end Of sthe hostilities in Europe.
The American and British foreign Sec
retaries insisted In the inclusion Of this
declaration because they realized that
there can be no free, elections in any
country so long as foreign armies are
in control
President Truman, at his press con-
ference on Wednesday, intimated that
soon after the organization Of the new
,"broadened" government free elections
would be held in Poland. These cannot
be really free so long as the Red Army
occupies the country
1t Is recognized by the American and
British governments that Russia might
have to maintain an army OF occupa-
tion in her zone in Germany for some
time-probably until after a peace con-
ference has decided the exact frontier
delimitation Of the former Reich 1t
also 1 recognized that in order to main
tain safe lines Of communication a GER
tain number Of troops will, have to be
maintained in Poland.
But the real test OF the agreement
which Mr. Hopkins has brought back
from Moscow will come when the Polish
government requests the withdrawal Of
the bulk Of the Red Army from Poland,
with the exception OF the troops neces-
sary to maintain an uninterrupted
trafac between the Russian bases and
the armies OF occupation in the Reich.
Evening star., 1945-06-14

birthrisht and theirs, just what he Is
trying to do
So It begins to look IS though We
shall have an American foreign policy
which all OF us can understand and sup
port, and which will be one Of the great
pillars OF international cooperation
and organized world security just be-
cause it Is understood and supported.
1T will not be policy Of mediation
asibetween others. It will be, II we may
Judge from its beginnings q policy Of
clear, frank recognition Of American
interests In this world, Of American
power, of American responsibilities and
OF: the underlying determination Of the
American people to see to it. THAT there
shall not Be another world war-and
that the seeds OF such war, wherever
soWn, shall be promptly dug up and
scattered to the winds.
It will be policy in which American
power and influence win be used as q
prime and constructive force, not IS
q disinterested and detached umpire.
It will be policy which will recognize
that American interests cannot always
prevail; that CONCESSIONS to the ,needS
and desires Of others must be made;
uue% WAuVu WAL 1tuk COGapIU111SS Oh m&ts
ters OF principh 20 satos deprive our
policy OF the support, Of the American
People. Itwillsbe,a policy OF. the limited
objsctiye In most OF its. immediate opera
tions, sbut It's gains wiMs al be ine the
direction of-its ultimate goal
49, as IS, \
1t win be policy which will In most
instances have TIE support Of the Brit-
ish people because sit will seek objec-
tiySsawhich are also ]. the sobjectives fof
the British people. 1T Will be . policy
which will seek the confidence and the
friendship OF the ~Russian people, ana
viii obtain that confidence and friend
ship in greater and greater measure
Is time goes on because OF its honesty
and clarity; and because the ultimate
objective Of the Russian. people is that
same peoples peace, that same security,
toward which the American and the
Britain. people are striving. On the
way. there Will be more differences III
small matters betwetn American and
Russian than between. American. and
BritiSn policy: ;these ,difEerences win: BE-
latEelys the fruit Of old mistrusts and
SlspdefopS. but they can and theyy will
b admSee6 4; :. 4 4. r. s;s. ,-5: IS. Z
.HssipssiAA 1s4s.
Evening star., 1945-06-14
This Changing World
By Constaxtise Bro,vn

( The Polish question which has caused
so much Ill feeling between Washinston
and London on one side and Moscow
on the other Is, expected to be settled
to the satisfaction of the Big Three In
the near future.
However, it is an open question
whether the Poles themselves will like it..
The Crimea agreement dealing with
formation Of q Polish National Gov
ernment was couched SO loosely that 1t
could have been interpreted in any man.
ner each Of the signatories desired.
There was . tendency In American and
British ofiicial circles To read In 1t the
meaning that an entirely new govern
'ment selected by representatives OF the
Big Three would be formed as soon as
possible
Moscow's Interpretation was that it
should preserve the administration spon-
sored by the y. 8. S. r. to which should
be added 4 number of hand-picked
Poles from inside and outside Poland.
When . number Of names were sug-
gested by the American and British
representatives in Moscow, they were
rejected by Russia and the situation
became stalemated.
X y ,.F.f
The agreement just reached between
Harry Hopkins and Premier Stain re-
portedly has been indorsed also by the
British government and provides a
face-saving device for the Western
Allies rather than an actual solution to
the core OF the problem. This problem
fundamentally Is whether Poland will
become puppet state with strings in
the hands OF the Soviet leaders or an
actual free and independent country.
Everything appears to point to the
fact that while paper solution" will
be found, the sovereignty of Poland at
the best will remain questionable.
The conversations slated to open Fri
day in Moscow will be attended by the
following groups: The members OF the
Lublin committee who are already in
ONCE and have been recognized by the
U. 8. s. r. as the oficial government OF
Poland: some Polish political men wi1o
remained in the country during its oc-
cupation by the Germans, and finally
a few Poles who reside in London and
at one time-as Is the case Of former
Premier Mikola been In the
government In exile.
1t is noteworthy, however, that not 4
single member of the Polish government
in London-the one still recognized BY
Evening star., 1945-06-14
Promising New Sturt

One OF the queSClOnS IN connecClOn
with the fiscal relations study, on
which Senator O'Mahoney's Sub
committee on District Appropria-
tions wants more information,
relates to comparative figures on
local tax revenues of other cities.
The decision of the subcommittee
at its meeting yesterday was to
request this and other information
from it's experts who have recon-
mended, in report, the establish
ment of fixed ratio between the
annual United States payment and
local revenues. The experts found
that "the residents of the District
through increased taxes have ade-
quately, fairly and cheerfully pro-
vided their share of the cost of
operation and upkeep OF the
National Capital"
Further investigation along the
lines suggested by the Senators will
strengthen that conclusion. The
large amount of tax-exempt real
estate-the area of taxable property
in the District is only 50.3 per cent
of the total land area-is throwing
an increasingly heavy load on the
real estate taxpayers The local
income tax law, which is now pro-
ducing over $5,000,00O, exempts
large proportion of the residents of
Washington; in fact there is a rela-
lively larger exemption of local in
come taxpayers than of real estate
owners. The significance of COM
parison of local tax revenues in
Washington and other cities would
lie in showing of how strictly lin
tied are the tax resources of Wash
ington because it is the Capital of
the United States.
The Senators have evidently con-
cluded that the amplified report
they seek will be made the basis
for legislative action, fixing the
proportionate part of National Cap,
ital expense to be borne by the
controlling National Government.
That, of course, is the right way to
go about it, although past difficult
ties in this connection did not arise
from the lack of specific legislation.
They resulted from reputation Of
the fixed ratio law before its repeal.
These things are being consid-
cred now, however, in new
atmosphere on Capitol Hill which
is producing evidence of a greater
understanding of the common
problem, facing Congress and the
local community, in adequately
financing the needs of the Capital
City.
There is recognition in both the
House and Senate Appropriations
Committees of the fact, stated un-
equivocably by the Senate's in
vestigators, that "the enormous
increase in the expenses of the
District of Columbia during the past
ten years has been occaSioned by
the tremendous expansion of the
Federal Government, with no COM
mensurate increase in the payment
by the Federal Government"
Evening star., 1945-06-14
Veterans Hospitals

In denouncing the, treatment Of
fered patients in veterans hospitals
throughout the country, the Ameri-
can Legion and the Veterans OF For
eign Wars do not make clear wheth-
er the conditions are attributable
primarily to wilful neglect or to the
general decline in disqualification
standards everywhere "a decline
made largely unavoidable by the
wars demand on manpower Of all
kinds particularly nurses and doc
tors. This qualification aside. how
ever, the Legion and VFW reports
drawn up separately on the basis OF
separate Nationwide, Investigations
by skilled staffs-should be extreme
ly valuable not only to the Rankin
Committee which has just received
them in the House. but to all who
are charged with the responsibility
of giving proper care to the ex-sol-
diers who need it. The findings are
especially noteworthy because they
are based on thorough surveys in
which the Veterans Administration
injected itself only to the extent Of
doing everything to help the inde-
pendent investigators turn in a first-
rate job.
Though carried out separately, the
two projects reached very similar
conclusions, with the Legion report
ing treatment averaging no better
than the charity standard" with
the VIEW charging inadequate" care
in ~ per cent of the institutions op-
Grated by the Veterans Administra-
ton. and with both recommending
a sweeping reorganization of the ad-
ministration's disqualification pro-
gram. The reports are rich in in
formation and suggestion, nor could
they be more timely in view OF the
fact that the soldiers of the Second
World War now join those of the
first to make this one of the Ma
tion's most important problems.
Evening star., 1945-06-14
The Fluq

Flag day is an appropriate occa-
sion for pointing out that the flag
grows in meaning with the passing
years. Since June IA, 1914, the en-
blem of the American Republic has
been carried to victory in Europe.
The historians of the German phase
of this double war" will remember
that it was borne by the valiant
Thirtieth Division across the Elbe'
and to within few miles of Berlin.
Meanwhile, it replaced the Nazi
swastika over the ruins of Hitler's
mountain retreat at Berchtesgaden.
No other symbol of a nations might
ever was conveyed so far in the face
of armed resistance. And wherever
it went, it represented liberation,
the restoration of order and justice,
the revival of the essential principles
of civilization.
But the increasing significance of
the flag even more dramatically was
demonstrated in single incident
of the war in the Orient. Over the
wires of the Associated Press from
San Francisco there came in the
afternoon of February "a a picture
as surely destined for immortality
as life itself. The Star published it
in the late editions of that memo
rable Saturday. Within few hours
literally hundreds of thousands of
people had seen it. Every news
paper, every magazine, every motion
picture screen, every graphic me-
dium of whatever kind distributed
it over the land. The Treasury De-
partment adopted it as the theme"
Of the Seventh War Loan and the
Post Office Department, at the
suggestion of Senator Joseph G..
o'Mahoney of Wyoming, soon will
make it available as stamp.
Joe Rosenthal of the AP took the
original photograph. His subject
vas what cameramen call a "natu-
ral"-the flag being raised on the
top of Mount Suribachi on Two Jima.
A group of Marines OF Company E,
Second Battalion, Twenty-eighth
Regiment, Fifth Division, were the
actors in the tableau. None OF them
faces the lens. Each figure, then,
Evening star., 1945-06-14
Foreign Policy Foundation.
By Maj. George FieIdinf Eliot

We are seeing great new thing in
this troubled world. =,
We are watching the foundations be-
ing laid for true American foreign
policy. - - - ,
There has not been such thing for
long time. That is not because there
those who have directed our foreign af.
fairs; 1t has been because the people
Of this country did not understand what
the policy was, and therefore could not
be expected to support 1t save in vague
and general approval Of its distant OBJ
jectives. -..... E~
Mr.. Roosevelt was q great national
leader. He was, perhaps, the greatest
leader in war which this country has
ever had. No man was more deter
mined that out Of the ruin Of. this war
should come the establishment Of an
organized peace for all the world. No
man did more to make that great deter.
mination reality. But it is no de.
traction from Mr.. Roosevelt's great
qualities to point out that he was not
great administrator; and that he did
not always stop to make clear to the
people Of the country just what he3was
doing rs he went along. His was a
great mind. but it was . complicated,
not 4 simple mind; his were great words,
but they were words which explained
great objectives, not always the policy.
BY which those objectiyes were being
sought. "a, + ~. =. -,
All too often, therefore; his policies
were thought of and spoken Of Is Roose-
welt policies, and not often enough as
American policies-because> it was not
possible for the American people to
give uniiied support to. policies which
they had to take on trust and did not
clearly understand and make their own.
*::* *x a., -:
Now we have . President who speaks
in plain language, says what he wants
directly and simply says why he wants
1t: We have;a President who thinks in
plain words IS well as speaks In them,
and who knows that no policy Of his Is
worth very much. linlsss he scan win to
it's support the Congress and the peo-
pie .of this country. We. have Presi-
dent who: knows how to ret that sslp-
part, by. taking Congress into hiS con-
hdsnee and by telling THE people. In that
simple American speech which lis his
Evening star., 1945-06-14
The Political. Mill
By Gould Lincoln

SAN FRANCISCO, June 14.-The
toughest job Of the United Nations
conference went in the end to Senator
Tom" Connally, chairman Of the SEN
ate Foreign Relations Committee-the
Job OF plotting the controversial Veto
voting formula safely through Confer
ence Committee 81" Of Commission
g." to use the technical names by which
these agencies of the conference are
called. The big, silvery-haired Texan,
who also will have the task of guiding
the new world charter through the
Senate. with patient, but at times with
forceful demands for action, finally
caught q showdown vote In the COM
mittee which upheld the Yalta vot-
ing formula
Senator Connally was not chairman
OF the committee. He was, however,
the principal spokesman. not only of
tho United States delegation, but also
Of the big Five" in these discussions
It was he who submitted to the CON-
mittee the Big Five Interpretation of
the veto-voting formula and laid 1t on
the line that this was all the critics
OF the formula were going to get in the
way OF concession. With grim determi-
nation he insisted that the committee
meet again and again and sometimes
twice q day In order to bring action.
1t was not until the opponents Of the
formula had talked themselves out,
however, that he was successful. He
had opposed to him two Of the strong.
est and most vocal delegates attending
the Conference-Foreign Minister Evatt
OF Australia and Prime Minister Frazer
Of New Zealand. Many times these gen.
tlemen assailed the voting formula be-
cause 1t permitted the Big Five indl-
vidual veto in security council decisions
on the use of peaceful measures to set.
tie international disputes. Occasionally
he had to call one or the other to order
because Of the vitriohc language they
used In criticizing the Big Five.
Probably Senator Connally's expert
ence in the dealing with "fillibusters"
stood him In good stead in this ordeal,
during which the committee remained
in session for three and four hours at
q time, more than once until after mid
night. The debate appeared intermin-
able, although the participants well
understood that the voting formula
could not be changed without jeopardiz-
ing the charter itself. His final plea
or ultimatuul-to the committee was
good, plain talk. He said with en-
phasis: "You may 90 home-if you with
Evening star., 1945-06-14
Gentlemen. Is Ii You?

o9Msrlir, Paracelsns, Doctor Dee, h
Where are you, gentlemen? Fros3
trhdt bright star
Doiyou' look on, delighted? .zns,rer m1E
Did you, magician, in yosr to,Dcr ibd
TIE door, from coal and milk, contrip1
81, O. HoUn 8
.ot lustrosls silk for faithless Viuen?S
Alchentist,g djd you ,drGto the curtdin3
down
And bottle pirtnous blood for bounded
- nte1f,. ~ 81,
Transnsnte the mold into immunity,
Did yoa, good doctor. Nth Elizabeth
See in the shoirstone men across the sea
Mors. NTH the rtopssnt-catch their.
tc1aspered breath?
Sdt, ds It you, yoI sesrs Of long ago,
VIII. ek1ekle, nudge and sar. II tod Sow
so!S xyTZA GuI HspIxs.s
Evening star., 1945-06-14

In order to achieve complete sue
cess In the world of today what the
student of salesmanship really needs
to round out his training is post
graduate course in buying cigarettes
and meat.
Evening star., 1945-06-14
Peuce at Lost?

Ffesn, the ,st. LouisPost- -Dispateh.
! SNitEerland' has just ordered the de-.
naobilsatton OF her army. This ought,
TO- make at odacial that the European
wa1.h ever. =
Evening star., 1945-06-14

Opposes Use of Poison Gas
To this Kditor;of The Star: =.
L. would like to protest against using
poison gas against the japanese, as
was suggested recently. by u prominent
writer. -. a,
It is very unfortunate at this critical
time for such an opinion to be pub
lictxed in Our National Capital. We cry
out in horror when We hear OF the in
human acts Of the Japanese. Do. we
wish to descend to- their: level, rather
than to be . pattern for the entire civil
lied world? ~ s 80
IN. regard to the possibility of3saving
the: lives OF our men by the use OF gas.
such an action by us might result in as
great a loss Of life as though we had
proceeded according to the rules Of
legalized warfare, for We could expect
in return the same treatment from the
Japanese. !.
War atlbest is too cruel. Let, ,us strive
to>mininize the horrors OF il. =.
- CLARA BOYNTON HADLEY. s
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-05-14

To the south, the 24th Division met stiffer fighting around Davao, but a communique reported Jap anese group was defeated in the area of Volcanic Mount Apo.
 North of Davao the 18th captured Japanese supply dump containing an estimated S1,OO0,OOO worth of airplane parts and engines. Couples with the capture of the Delmonte airfields, the taking of the dump represented smashing blow at en- emy airpower in the area.
 The fighting on Luzon subsided somewhat but American troops maintained steady pressure on en- emy lines in the Balete Pass, in the north, and near the Ipo dam, vital source of water for Manila. Support ing planes dropped l50 tons of bombs on enemy rear areas.
 In a successful sweep along the China coast, long-range patrol planes sank Il freighters, five coast vessels, a patrol craft, and many barges.
 On Tarakan Island, off Borneo, there was temporary Hull with only patrolling by Dutch and Australian forces reported.
 fWaeadse
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-05-14

ministrator Leo T. Crowley. He said new shipments to Europe had been halted except those destined for countries still fighting Japan on those where lend-lease would aid redeployment of Ameri- can armed forces.
 This is in line with the lend-lease act which provides for the transfer of goods and supplies for war pur- poses only. It is expected that lend-lease to some other smaller nations who were at war with Germany but have not declared war on Japan also will be termin- ated
 TEA officials said that other big readjustments in the lend-lease program were in prospect, includ- ing cut of nearly half in ship ments to Britain.
 While the announcement spoke only of shipments to Europe" it was learned that the stoppage also applied to Pacific shipments bound for Russia except for ships already en route, some of which are nearly loaded, and certain additional goods bound for Russia through Seattle.
 These last shipments were under stood to include supplies for the important Russian trans-Siberia railway. All other supplies origin ally destined for the Soviet Union are being held on railroad sidings and at ports pending a genera. lend-leaSe review.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-05-14
SUPPORT THE MIGHTY 7th WAR LOAN
Mother Of 2
 Stobs Mate
(By United Press

Five Connecticut persons died of violence over the weekend, and the body of a fifth was recovered from a Massachusetts Lake in which he was drowned week ago.
 Victor A. LaPoint, fl, Putnam, a telegraph linesman, was electrocut- cd at West Thompson when he touched high voltage wire.
 Edward Baker, ', fell into a gravel pit pond at Darien and was drown ed.
 Alcoholic poisoning was given by the medical examiner as the cause of death of two men at Bridgeport. They were identified as James Leary 50, Bridgeport, and Edward Croke, A5, Waterbury. Their bodies were found in rooming house.
 At Southwick, Mass, State Police recovered the body of Joseph F.. Novelo, 30, East Hartford, from Lake Congamond. Novelo lost his life May when a speedboat upset about 200 yards from shore.
 New Haven police were holding Mrs. Jennie Barzydolo, 25, mother of two children, for the fatal Stab ping of her 28-years-old war worker husband. The stabbing occurred, ac- cording to authorities, when Bar zydolo tried to stop his wife from punishing their daughter for taking bottle of chocolate milk from a table at their home. She is being held without bond for the coroner.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-05-14
Lynch Eyewitness
 At Nazi Atrocities
(Continued from Page 1D

had been removed from the ditch. The rows were at least 120 feet long. Along one end of the building there were four or five rows about 20 feet long
 Bodies Dug Up
 '"The work in progress consisted of digging up the bodies, apparently attempting to identify them and re- bury them in new grave which was new trench about the size of the first but with the bodies about four feet apart and each assigned small niche or indentation in the ditch. I believe that crosses are to mark each one. It will, of course, take several or many ditches.
 This is an eye witness account Many pictures were taken which will probably receive publication before you receive this letter I hope to get some of the pictures, but wheth- CT or not I'll send them home or not I don't know.
 T have seen probably 500 bodies Reports varied from 300 to HOO. The location was Gardelegen, about SO miles east of Brannacweig, which is south of Hanover.
 Another enlightening incident our interpreter is a Jewish lawyer from Brooklyn. A German asked him if it were true that the Amer jeans were telling the Polish people that they didn't have to work. When Datter said 'Yes,' the Germans asked But who will do the work?" have pretty good idea what Dat | ter said!"