davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-03-22
The Inland Seq

The blasting of the Imperial Navy
at its secret hide-out in the Inland
Sea must have struck CONSERVATION
to the Tokyo war lords and presum-
ably excited superstitious fears
among the japanese masses. For
the Inland Sea is, in japanese eyes,
not merely a watery citadel for it's
WarshipS and a vital link in the
country's internal communications:
it is also a sheet of water vested
with mystical significance. To an
island people surrounded by vast
and stormy oceans. the placid In
land Sea, safe alike from tempests
and human foes. has traditionally
been a symbol of security and in
accessibility from natural or man.
made perils. The psychological
shock of our devastating air squad
rons over the Inland Sea must.
therefore, be profound.
The Inland Sea is an interesting
phenomenon of nature.s. Presumably
due to geological fault. it stretches
almost due east and west, sundering
the main island of Honshu on the
north from the lesser but still fairly
large islands of Shikoku and Kiushu
on the south. It's western exit into
the extensive sea between Japan
and the continent of Asia is ex-
tremely narrow; it's two southern
exits into the Pacific. Ocean are not
wide. Thus the Inland Sea. right
fully named. is one of the most
sheltered bodies of water in the
world
The Inland Sea is long and rela-
lively narrow. It's extreme length
is 255 miles; its maximum width is
f1fty-six miles; its surface total is
1925 square miles. However, its
contour is amazingly varied. yield
ing coast line of TOO square miles,
and it is further studded with many
small islands. mostly rocky, en-
powered In trees and often crowned
with ancient temples. all of which
lends it picturesque charm that
for ages has been the inspiration
OF artists and sightseeing visitors.
Economically, the Inland Sea has
played a most important role. In
a mountainous land where road and
rail links are difficult and costly,
the sheltered Inland Sea, lying in
Evening star., 1945-03-22
This Changing World
BY Constantine Bro,Cn

The delegation which will represent
France at the Golden Gate Conference
is well balanced and contains representa-
tives particularly friendly to each OF the
Big Three nations 1t Is headed by
Foreign Minister Bidault, who, after his
recent return to Paris from London, is
believed to be very sympathetic to the
British international political point Of
view, especially in regard to colonial
policies to be discussed at the confer
ence.
Henri Bonnet, French Ambassador to
the United States. is known to be in
sympathy with Americas ideas regarding
postwar international relations, while
the third delegate, former Air Minister
Pierre Cot, leans strongly toward the
Soviet ideologies and postwar political
plans.
But the principal figure will be the
former French Premier and representa-
tive at the League of Nations, Joseph
Paul Boncoar, who, because Of his great
experience and his present position as
the head of the parliamentary group of
the FIJI, is expected to be the moving
spirit of the entire delegation He will
likely be one of the most important men
at the conference.
Paul Boncour already is on record as
saying the Yalta formula la"-which is
expected to be the foundation of the new
international organizat ation-is temporary
And while claiming with all his strength
that France is and must remain a great
world power he believes that the small
nations must be given more attention
than the Yalta formula provides for He
shares Senator Vandenbergs view that
the smaller powers must be given their
real political status once more. In the
past France has relied on alliances and
agreements with these states. Paul Bon
cour will become their chief supporter
The French delegation also is expected
to have a mandate from its government
to stress alliances signed before the
Golden Gate meeting, particularly the
Franco Russian. alliance.
In this the F'renchmen will be at
variance with their British colleagues.
According to the terms of the Soviet
French alliance signed last Deem
ber, this treaty is placed above any
Evening star., 1945-03-22
Cruiser for Wushinqton

1t is a good custom to name
cruisers after important cities. Such
a relation between gallant ship
and a self-respecting American COM
munity obviously must be a tie of
constructive Importance to all con-
cerned. 1t serves to bring home
the fact that the Navy is essentially
the creation of the people. And this
particularly should be true regarding
the Nations Capital.
There very properly are cruisers
"called after" Augusta, Chester,
Louisville, Portland, Pensacola,
Omaha, Brooklyn, San Diego, Helena,
Pittsburgh, Baltimore, Boston, Al
bany Des Moines, Tuscaloosa, Biloxi,
Santa Fe, Montpelier, Wichita, Will
mington and many, other towns.
Usually at the request of the cities,
supported by their representatives
in Congress, the Secretary of the
Navy, with the advice of the chief
OF naval personnel and after con-
ference with the Office of Ship
Names and Sponsors, orders the
application of desired name to a
ship in process of building. Wash
ington, handicapped as it is by its
condition of political impotence, has
no delegate in the National Legisla-
ture to plead its cause. 1t, therefore,
must depend upon other agencies.
But the case should not be hope
less. 1t happens that an excellent
precedent for naming cruiser for
the Capital of the Nation exists.
Though present generations of resi-
dents may be aware of it, there
was such ship between 1892 and
1921. She was known as the Columbia.
was considered "the swiftest of war
ships" and "the armored empress of
the seas" and did duty during nearly
thirty years and in two wars. The
Washington Light Infantry gave her
bell when she was commissioned
March 8, 1894. A complete account
of the vessels career may be found
in the Naval Institute Journal for
August, 1888.
It it be objected that there is a
more modern cruiser named for
Columbia, So6th Carolina, the City
Evening star., 1945-03-22
The PattOn-PatCh Victory
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

The lst German Army has been vir-
tually destroyed within the Rhine-Mo-
selle-Saar triangle, together with the
remnants of the 7th German Army
which had retreated across the Moselle
before the drive of the American 3rd
Army.
This victory-for it is nothing less
this time-is the result of a mastery
combination of careful planning and
bold execution by the Sd and 7th United
States Armies, with some elements of the
1st French Army chow many is not yet
clear participating. This time the
enemy did not get away; we not only
conquered German territory, we have
also destroyed the German forces op-
posing us. That is what really counts
in war.
The German grip on the left bank of
The Rhine has now been reduced to
small rectangle' bounded by the Rhine
On the east, by the old and deep forth
hcations of the West Wall on the south,
by the mountains of the Hardtgebirs on
the west and by the forest known as
the Nonnenwald ON the north.
The West Wall Notifications between
ZWeibruecken now in our hands, and
ihe Rhine opposite Karlsruhe were still
being stoutly defended at last reports.
But elsewhere German resistance ap-
pears to have collapsed, and the roads
within the German-held rectangle are
lammed with German motor transport
and troop columns under continual con-
sentrated attack by our tactical air
forces. We have been granted the good
weather which we needed so badly.
There seems, therefore, very little
chance that the Germans will be able to
pull themselves together and hold
pocket on the left bank of the Rhine
Is they did in the Colmar area farther
south for so long They have good
natural and artificial defenses, but the
Reorganization of their forces, the
lapid advance of our ground troops
especially the armored divisions) and
. dhe terrific beating they are taking
there can be no comeback, no attempt
to deny us the full exploitation of our
victory.
Front reports say that the Germans
have already blown up all the remain
irg Rhine bridges not yet in our hands
those at Speyer, Gernersheim and
Worth am -Rhein If this is true, it
msans that the German high command
hiss written off the fugitives of the 1st
ard 7th German armies-or 1t may
point toward panic on the part OF the
officers responsible for the bridges. who
may have little desire to be shot for
failing to destroy them in time, as hap
pened to four German officers who were
felponsible for the Remagen Bridge.
What happens today "wednesday when
Evening star., 1945-03-22

this article was Written) is likely to be
finally decisive and it is all going our way
The Sd United States Army is in Lud-
wigshaffen, closing one more main es-
cape route The weather continues good.
The 7th United States Army is gaining
ground despite the heavy resistance in
the West Wall defenses. Our troops are
advancing south and southeast of Kaiser
slautern, which means that they are
already penetrating the formidable de-
files of the Hardtgebirg. Tuesiau the
Sd United States Army alone p: cbably
took 10000 prisoners, of which only
about half have been counted. All this
adds up to victory.
The trapped Germans in the dimin-
tshing rectangle apparently have no
means of escape across the Rhine ex-
cept by boats and ferries, which will not
be easy under air attack. Unless all
signs fail, the Germans have lost the
left bank of the Rhine along its whole
course from Switzerland to Holland
and they have lost the better part of
two Of their armies with it. It is tile
latter loss which the Wehrmacht can
least afford, for what have they left
to defend so long and so vulnerable q
river line?
Some indication of the effect which
this victory will have on their western
defense as whole may be gained from
observing the Remagen bridgekead,
where the 1st United States Army is
breaking out into open country on the
northern face OF the bfidgehead, now
expanded to length of 22la miles
probably more by this time---and q
depth of miles, Once the Sieg River
has been crossed-possibly at the Inn
portant rail and road junction of Sicgcn
the way Is open northward to the
Ruhr industrial area, 1t should be pos
sible to construct additional crossings
at Cologne, as soon as the 1st Army
has cleared the east bank OF the Rhine
that far north
Meanwhile, it Is hard to see how the
Sd and 7th United States Armies and
the French are to be prevented from
forcing crossing of the Rhine farther
south, for there can be few German
troops left to oppose them except the
depleted 10Th Army along the Rhine
from Strasbourg to the Swiss frontier.
And In the north Gen. Montgomery
gathers his forces and bides his time
for smashing drive into the plains OF
Northern Germany.
It begins to look as though the Pat
ton-Patch victory in the south may be
the last essential preliminary for a
three-pronged invasion of Germany
across the Rhine, south, center and
north. There are just not enough Ger
man troops left to maintain the watch
on that ancient river.
(copyrisht ie4E.)
Evening star., 1945-03-22
Explosion at VINO

In this era of eleven-ton block
busters and devastating V-2s which
rush through the heavens faster
than sound can travel, it is stretch
ing a point to speak of any verbal
effort as an explosion. But it is
hardly an exaggeration to say that
an explosive effect has been pro-
duced by the astonishing statement
of the War Manpower Commissions
Labor Management Committee on
the New Bedford situation.
1t had been generally assumed
that the labor management group,
in its advisory capacity, was sup
porting the VINO in what it chooses
to call its voluntary manpoWer pro-
gram. The program varies in minor
particulars according to local cir
cumStances. but there is no essen
tial difference between what has
been attempted in New Bedford and
what has been done in a number
of other communities. For this rea-
son, the singing out of the New
Bedford program for denunciation
by the Labor Management Commit
tee comes as the greater surprise.
The committee, according to its
statement, feels that applica ton of
the forced release program in New
Bedford was for the purpose of lob
iy, nrt p
compulsory service legislation We
are convinced from the clear evil
dence, painstakingly reviewed dur
ing half dozen long meetings, that
there was an attempt to create a
situation which could be called
failure of the voluntary method so
that force could be used"
Unfortunately, the statement neg
lects to set forth any of the clear
evidence" to which it refers, and in
the absence of evidence there will
be little disposition to credit the
claim that the New Bedford under
taking is plot by VINO Chairman
McNutt or any one else to bring the
misnamed voluntary program into
disrepute and thereby put pressure
on Congress to enact compulsory
service legislation. The charge is
fantastic, and the wonder, is that
responsible men would publicize it
without supporting evidence:
This does not mean that the New
Bedford experiment has been sue
cess. On the contrary. it has been
dismal failure. But instead of
constituting the fact of failure as
proof of conspiracy, the logical
thing is to take account of at least
the obvious defects in the program
itself. The first of these is that it
is not a voluntary program, and
nothing but resentment is aroused
when the contrary is asserted. The
first step in the plan is the applica-
tion Of employment ceilings. This
forces employers to discharge a Ger
tain number of workers. Then, in
theory, the discharged workers can
be steered into war jobs by denying
them any other employment. In
practice, however, it has not worked
that way, for most of the discharged
employees, embittered by what is OBJ
Viously a lack of good faith, have
elected to remain unemployed rath-
er than submit to pressure tactics.
Despite this sorry showing, the
Senate has adopted the voluntary"
plan, and sent it to conference with
the fortnight May bill passed by
the House. The nature of the COM
promise which will finally emerge
is any ones guess, but, in view of
what has happened, it is hard to be-
lieve that Congress will ever at
tempt to saddle the people with the
discredited and disingenuous vol
untary" program.
Evening star., 1945-03-22
Tuxes and Jobs
Prom the Detroit Free Press.

FTUm l1e Detrolt Free Press.
Secretary Morgenthau's admission
that some postwar tax reduction will be
necessary to encourage production and
employment would be news If it had not
been anticipated by President Roosevelt
in his budget message.
There is no hope, however, for large
reductions for long time to come.
All tax experts, though, are agreed
thar if we are to have $4,000 900 Jobs
after the war, or anything like that
number, the, Government will have to
ease the tax burden on business or pro-
vide millions of those jobs itself.
The beginning of fiscal wisdom is to
avoid carrying taxation to heights which
impair or destroy the sources from
which 1t Is obtained.
Evening star., 1945-03-22
Soldiers Save Puper
By David Laurence e
From the Topeka Capital.

from the TOPEKA ChpltaI,
Down at Fort Riley. where Uncle Sam
Is turning out modern cavalrymen in
connection with a multitude of other
activities, the soldiers are setting an
example to all civilians by contributing
vast amounts OF wastepaper to the
Nations salvage efforts.
Since March of l943, according to a
report just issued, Fort Riley has
shipped 2,005.476 pounds of wastepaper,
enough to make up train half . mile
long
Collections now average about 90 tons
month. and salvage officers are try
Ing to hike the output by making an
even more intensive checkup on paper
which would otherwise be lost entirely,
Evening star., 1945-03-22
Listening

Not for the birds / listen
fThese are for any ear
knotD tuhere frog eggs ghsten;
And soon the turn OF the year
Will be chanted by eerie poicss
That feel no need OF ,ping
What cryptic impulse rejoices
These loDly heralds Of sprinpi
Tadpoles OF yesterdays making,
Scarcely their tails are she'd
Till their graceless bodies are shaking
With praise OF the season ahead.
Under the moonlight plisten
Bnck,odters tDhessce nocrurnes Dill
ring
For the chorale OF frogs I listen
This Is the poice OF spring. q
B. Y. WILLIAMS
Evening star., 1945-03-22

of Washington or the Federal City
or some other appropriate variant
could be adopted. The point is that
the Nations Capital should be repre-
sented by ship, even as the city is
represented by so many of her
gallant sons, in our Navy.
Evening star., 1945-03-22
Letters to The Star
Opposes Another Investigation
of Cost of Living
To the Editor of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
Senator Downey and Representative
Jackson have introduced measures for
increasing take-home pay for Federal
employees. The basic difference in the
two measures concerns an increase in
the base pay. Mr.. Downey suggests a
Is per cent increase; Mr.. Jackson and
the Civil Service Commission suggest
a survey to determine the necessity
Tor an increase in the base pay scale
At present we have three reports
which have determined cost of living
increases:
l. The Bureau of Labor Statistics
admitting its survey does not reflect
all increases, cites an increase of 26
per cent since January, 1941.
2. The War Labor Board decided that
the cost of living has increased 80
per cent.
3. The Presidents Committee on the
Cost of Living determined that the
cost Of living has increased 49, per
cent from January, 194l, to January,
1914.
Federal workers have not had an ad-
Justment of their base pay since 1923
l believe that Congress need not spend
additional funds for a fourth investi-
cation of the cost of living, unless it
is interested in proving that there has
been, in Washington, D. c., a further
increase.
The United Federal Workers of
America, CIO, considering the $50
called trends toward imitation" are
asking for Is per cent increase in
their base pay. This increase will be
used for food, clothing and decent
housing, so that we may make an
even greater contribution to the war
effort; and it is less than the actual
rise in our cost of living.
LILA L. ORLEAN,
Chairman, War Production Board
Branch, UFWA, CIO.
Evening star., 1945-03-22
More Praise for Mr.. Proctor

To the Editor of The Star:
I wish to congratulate The Star on
the articles written by John Clagett
Proctor in your Sunday editions. They
are very interesting, especially to old
Washingtonians. I marvel at Mr.. Proc
tors ability to secure pictures of promi-
nent people who have passed away 10!
these many years; also historical land
marks.
Never once has he written an un-
kind word about any one. He always
has something good to say of those
whom he has written about. To me
this is indeed very commendable. Evil
IDENTIFY when Mr.. Proctor writes he
must have in mind the lines: DO not
keep the alabaster box of love and
tenderness sealed up until your friends
are dead. Fill their lives with sweet
ness. Speak approvingly, cheering words
while their ears can hear them
TALBOT O. PULIzZI.
Evening star., 1945-03-22
Where Chopin's Heart Was

To the Editor of The Star:
For the sake of historical accuracy,
let me add the following bit of informa-
tion concerning Chopin's burial place
which was mentioned I'M Mr.. Haskin's
column in The Star of March IA: AL
though Chopin's body was buried in
Paris, his heart was laid to rest in the
Church of the Holy Cross in Warsaw.
According to reliable information that
church was completely destroyed in this
war. I. P L.
Evening star., 1945-03-22

The late Charlie Bryan of Nebraska
was one of the members of that
family who could run for something
and catch it. His niece Ruth Rohde
Is another.
Evening star., 1945-03-22

Henry James is being rediscovered
as the greatest" American novelist
800 pages of him in a single volume.
Evening star., 1945-03-22
No Sugar Used for Whisky

To the Editor of The Star:
Permit me to call to your attention
several inaccuracies appearing in a let
ter signed O. T. Backlund, in The Star
on March l9.
Your informant is not on firm ground
when he states that: Last November
the liquor industry was permitted to
use no less than 17,464 ,063 pounds of
sugar And now the War Produc-
ton Board has promised another LIQUOR
holiday, when doubtless a like amount
OF necessary sugar = will be used"
These statements are incorrect on
several accounts: e.
% The whiskey industry does not
use sugar
~ During November last the facili-
ties of the distilling industry were used
for war alcohol. The only beverage dis
tllling since October, 1912, was during
August, 1914, and January, l945, and
during this period no sugar was used
because sugar is not used in the distil-
lation of whiskey.)
go The Alcohol Tax Unit of the
Bureau of Internal Revenue. which
complies data on materials used in the
production of distilled spirits, discon-
tinued the publication of this informa-
tion in accordance with the unlimited
national emergency proclamation of
the President on May 27, i194l. Mr..
Backlunds figures apparently come out
of thin air. EMANUEL CELLER, NC.
Evening star., 1945-03-22
Reality a Nightmare

To the Editor of The Star:
How quickly the scene changes these
DAYS!
Reading back few years, I was sur
prised to find the Big Three of those
days, Hitler, Mussolini and Stain
aligned against Churchill.
The London blitz hard on the heel of
the collapse of Belgium, Holland and
France, preceded by the destruction and
occupation of Western Poland by Hitler
and the occupation of Eastern Poland
by Stain as result of the German
Russian nonaggression pact: all these
were part of a nightmare.
1t must have been a nightmare; those
things could not have been true, for in
that nightmare President Roosevelt.
speaking of the Russian-F'innish War,
said that Russia was governed by one
of the worst of absolute relationships.
The light of today reveals the Big
Three to be Stain, Churchill and
Roosevelt. And Stain has agreed to
guarantee free elections in Poland and
the Balkans
How real these nightmares can seem /!
1t was a nightmare, wasn't it? You
didn't have the same dream, did you?
j. E. S.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-05-15
Philippine Sugar
May Halt Raiioning
May Void Sugar
Stamps in 1916

LOUISVILLE. Ky. - W.D -
Events in the Philippines after
Pearl Harbor delayed by more
than three years a reply to a
cable sent by the Enro Shirt Co.
here to one OF IFS customers in
the islands. But recently, the
shirt company received a brief
but heartening cable.
The company vice president,
Bernard Rosenblum. cabled l..
r. Villar, Rial ST., p. l., owner
Of swank mems shop, on Dec.
I, 1871:
Sorry TO hear reports Of hos
tiiities which may threaten you
and your organization. We are
deeply anxious for your safety.
Please call on us for any assist
ance either business or personal
affairs. Sincerely, The Enro
Shirt Co"
Here was the reply received
three years, three months and a
few days later:
Thanks for the cable Deem
Der, l94l Store, home and pro-
perties burned Family safe.
Hope factories doing fine. Re-
CARDS God bless each and ev-
cry one. l.. K. Villar.'
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-05-15
Legal Notices
Donald J. Weller--M entaIiy Ineonpe.
tent Person
May 90. 1913


STATE OF MICHIGAN. The Probate
Court for The County of Macomb
a: session OF said Court, held az
The Probate Office in the City of Nj.
Clemens. IN said County. on the 2eth
day Of April a. y. ls45.
Present: Hon. Joseph v. Trombly.
Judge of Probate.
In the Matter OF the Estate OF Dom
aid J. Weller. Mentally Incompetent
Person.
Clarence F. Barck having filed IN
said Court his annual account rs
Guardian % said estate. and his petit
ton praying for the allowance thereof.
and praying for the allowance OF
Guardians fees and Attorneys fees.
II is Ordered. That the 22nd day OF
May A. d. l9+5. az nine o'clock in the
forenoon. Central War Time (i0:0o a.
m. Eastern War Time at said Probate
Office. be and is hereby appointed for
examining and allowing said account.
Il IS Further Ordered. That public
notice thereof be given by public a ton
Of copy OF this order. for three sue
ceSsive weeks previous 20 said day of
hearing. in the Monitor-Leader, news
paper printed and circulated In said
County.
JOSEPH v. TRoMBLY,
Judge Of Probate.
a true copy.
MARY HARRISON.
Register of Probate
Nav lslIM L