davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-08
eR0ad
TOPence

THE world spotlight will be
J focused for weeks to come
UPON the u. S. Senate celebrating
atifcation of the United Nations
carter. Each of the Big Five
Britain, Russia, France, China
and the U. S. together with % of
the remaining As United Nations must
rahfy the charter before it can become
anything more than a scrap of paper.
The position of the U. S. Senate is
unique in that after President Will
son sponsored the League of Nations
quarter-century ago, that august
body became it's Brutus by refusing
to allow the U. S. to become mem
Der.
President Truman personally deliv-
cred the blue-bound gold-edged char
ter to the Senate with request for
its prompt ratification. In the role of
ambassador for the nations that want
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-08
Abroad
Delayed Returns

England's first general election in
almost 10 years was in the bag but 1t
would be two weeks before the bag
was opened. Between Is and 80 mil
lion British voters had chosen be-
tween the free enterprise program OF
Winston Churchill's Conservative
Party and Clement Attlee's Labor
PARTY platform for naturalization OF
basic industries.
Results would not be announced
until July 26 when all overseas bal
lots, some from as far away as Burma,
were tabulated.
The month long campaign got
white hot; terms familia on both
sides of the Atlantic were banded:
indispensable Man," "Dicta tor"
sWild Socialist Dreamer" "Impracti-
cal Theorists"
Doughty Winston Churchill, Brit
aims wartime prime minister, stumped
the country tirelessly to thunderous
cheers, pleading for a Conservative
majority so that his hands would not
be tied.
But Churchill's tremendous person.
al popularity should be no excuse, his
opponents contended, to saddle the
country with Tory administration.
Laborite Arthur Greenwood charged
Churchill with the campaign methods
of 'dictator'' and declared: "The
most disturbing feature of this cleo
ton is the emergence of the Fuehrer
principle which is foreign and abhor-
rent to the British people"
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-08
Upcoming
Monday, July 9
Eclipse of sun.
Saturday, July IA
Bastille Day, France.
At Home
Strike-Bound Plants

Like an epidemic, strikes spread
across the nation, stalling vital war
plants while government, manage
ment and labor officials struggled for
a formula to keep wheels turning and
prevent the spread of paralyzing
Walkouts.
By midweek, nearly $4,000 were
idle in labor disputes although $4,000
glass workers in II eastern plants
returned after weeks strike.
In a knock-down, drag-out fight
with $4,000 rubber workers at Akron,
Ohio, the War Labor Board suspended
pay and vacation benefits of its April
directive for the Goodyear plant,
when the men refused to go back to
work after nearly a three-week
strike. WLB also ordered 1900 Fire
stone workers back on the jobs they
quit last Sunday.
Union officials indicated the latest
WLB broadside would not end the
strike, advised their members to ap-
ply for Unemployment Insurance,
claiming ''this forced strike is lock-
out because of intolerable working
conditions" Earlier, WLB had can
celled occupational deferments for
strikers of military age and War De-
partment spokesman had appealed
vainly for the strikes end because OF
the Importance of rubber in the war
effort.
Deliverymen tied up New York
City newspapers in strike and in
dependent union leaders defied a
WLB directive to go back to their
jobs. The government took over a
Texas Company refinery. In Wauke-
sha, Wis, 1900 machinists ignored a
WLB order to go back to work.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-08
PACIFIC Tightening The Ring About Nippon

WEATHER and distance, two
w immense but computa Bile
factors, are shaping Allied STRAIT
egg in the Pacific war. Both Gen.
Douglas Macarthur and Adm.
Chester W. Nimitz, top Pacific
commanders, have adhered closely to
timetable, keyed not so much to the
resistance Of the foe as to the incom-
pressible logistics of extended supply
lines and uncomfortable weather.
This is the typhoon season in Asiatic
waters and Okinawa might well be
known as "Typhoon Junction" Navy
meteorological charts showing the
paths of typhoons resemble pictures
of giant spiders with Okinawa as the
body and typhoon trails as the legs.
This factor undoubtedly weighed
heavily in planning the Okinawa cam
paign, since records show that spring
and late fall have the areas lowest
typhoon expectancy. July, August and
early September comprise the height
of the typhoon season in this area,
averaging three to four a month.
Born In Summer
The typhoons-known to Atlantic
coast residents as hurricanes - are
born in the South Philippine Sea dur
ing the summer months. They vary
greatly in size and strength, but any
of them probably would play hob with
rnodern invasion fleet
The storms, travelling about IL to
20 miles an hour, move northward for
some distance and then either curve
southwark around the Philippines into
the South China Sea or continue
northward, lashing Formosa, Okinawa
and the eastern shore of Kyushu and
Honshu.
Weather, which almost wrecked the
Allied invasion of Normandy, when
the channel kicked up, is much more
lethal element in the Pacific war thea
ter. The Leyte invasion began Oct. 20,
well after the close of the typhoon
season. Luzon was invaded at Lin
gayen Gulf in January and Two Jima
in February.
The Okinawa campaign, started
April 1, ended June 81, close to the
July deadline.
The Japanese, undoubtedly, are
counting on the possibility of typhoons
to discourage any major Allied inva-
sion against their homeland.
The japanese have historical prece-
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-08

northward before reaching the coast
in that vicinity.
Maybe The Kuriles
The Kuriles which extend like
string of beads almost to the Aleu-
tians present another invasion posi-
bility, since midsummer to autumn
brings this area it's most favorable
weather. While the east coast of the
Kuriles is generally fog bound in sum-
mcr, it conceivably might prove more
of an aid than a hindrance to amphib-
ious attackers by preventing effective
aerial reconnaissance.
These are some of the reasons why
the japanese, quite apart from the
southern part of their empire which
is coming rapidly apart at the seams
at Borneo, Burma and in the recently
liberated Philippines, are SO INVASION
conscious.
This week Radio Tokyo frantically
blared that the mounting U. S. air.
power from O.1inawa bases consti-
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-08

freedom from war, the President was
brief but eloquent. He spoke seven
minutes.
THE choice before the Senate is
now Clear" said Mr.. Truman. "The
choice is not between this charter
and something else. It is between this
charter and no charter at all.
This charter points down the only
road to enduring peace. There is no
other. Let us not hesitate to join
hands with the peace-loving peoples
of the earth with Gods help
and with firm resolve that we can and
will reach our goal"
A poll by The Associated Press
showed more than two-thirds of the
Senate membership already on record
Tor the world organization.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-08
This & That
Around The World Away

0 In Paris, Venus de Milo was re-
turned to her rightful place in the
Louvre, replacing plaster reproduce
ton which doubled in brass during
SIX war years.
Q New victory letter kilograms for
U. S. troops in Britain, costing one
third the regular rate, are dispatched
through APO's at five to eleven cents
word, minimum ten words.
Q At Sydney, Aus, an insurance firm
paid a claim to a man whose car was
damaged by an aircraft carrier. He
left it on a dock, the tide dropped and
ships overhanging deck crushed the
motor.
Q In Kansas City, an airlines firm
preparing reception for the Regent
OF lraq, coached several good looking
secretaries on how to act before roy
atty. At the lengthy, formal ceremony
one girl put down her fourth cocktail,
Shot out hand at the prince, said
FL Toots.." much to his delight.
. At the Normandy invasion, Allies
used pneumatic breakwaters, 200 feet
long and Is feet wide with concrete
keels, which moored in series, cut six
loot waves down to one foot.
@ In Washington, the Greek embassy
announced Greece considered herself
at war with Japan as of Dec 8, 1941;
her warships already were operating
With British fleet in the Indian Ocean.
Q In Prague, traffic jams were caused
IN front Of shops by residents focking
10 see their first coffee in seven years.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-08
Quotes

Gen. Joseph w. Stilwell, 10th
Army commandant: "OkinaWa
proved again what we already
know-uhat the Jap has no
chance against Americans"
Gov. Thomas E. Dewey: "The
United Nations charter is ire
mendous step forward in elimi-
mating wars. 1 don't believe any
reservations are necessary. l
think we ought to ratify it now"
Cmmdr. Harold Stassen, dele
gate to United Nations confer
ence: eve can no longer play the
isolationist role of sitting back
and waiting to see what other
nations wish to do before we
form a program on vital world
wide problems"
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-08
Aerial
Real Fireworks

Real Fireworks
Nearly 800 U. S. planes, including
500 BIOS, dropped nearly 5000 tons
of fire bombs on four Japanese cities
before dawn on the Fourth of July.
The mission brought to 2,4O0 the
total of sorties flown by the 21st
Bomber Command against Japan in
nine days.
Radio Tokyo reported 100000
japanese killed, injured or homeless
in five Japanese cities as a result OF
aerial blows up to May 81. More than
1,135,000 homes were destroyed in the
attacks.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-08
The Longest Way Round

Wary Argentine editors, who
learned at their cost not to buck the
Farrell-Peron military regime, often
publish domestic stories critical of the
government under New York date
line as result of freedom from CEN
sorship recently granted foreign cor
respondents.
Unquestionably many stories pub
lished in the U. S. have caused resent
ment in Argentine government and
military circles, but the government,
belatedly admitted, to the United Ma
tons, has adhered to its promise that
foreign correspondents stories would
not be blue-penciled.
Public opinion is being stirred by
items such as these: nationwide
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-08
Ne1UFuces
Cabinet

DRESIDENT HARRY S. TRU-
L MAN, being from Missouri,
waited nearly three months be-
fore filling half the Cabinet with
men of his own choosing. His five
choices met spontaneous Senate
approval seldom accorded the ap-
pointees of F.D.R.
There may be further transfusions
of new blood into the Presidents Off
cial family with changes rumored
likely for the War, Treasury and In
terror Departments.
The week also saw the resignation
of Harry L. Hopkins as assistant to
the President because of ill health.
longtime confidant of F.D.R., Hop
kins' latest accomplishment was a
mission to Moscow where he paved
the way for solution to the Polish
question.
Mr.. Truman picked James F.
Byrnes of South Carolina for Secre-
tary of State as successor to white
matched Edward r. Stettinius, who
became the U. S. representative to the
proposed World Security Council of
the United Nations. Bantam in size,
Byrnes has long been political giant
in the capital. He served in the House,
Senate, Supreme Court, as War Mo-
bilization Director, and was the prin-
cipal trouble shooter during the last
years of the Roosevelt administration.
Tribute To Byrnes
The Senate paid Byrnes the tribute
of confirmation to what is considered
the top Cabinet post without hearings,
debate or dissent. Said Senate Ma
jority Leader Alben Barley: 1--WE all
know Mr.. Byrnes. 1t doesn't seem nee
essary to refer this nomination to
committee" Concurred Minority Sem
ate Leader Wallace White: "His serv-
ice leaves no doubt of his qualifca-
TONS"
Byrnes' first major chore will be to
accompany Mr.. Truman to the Big
Three meeting in Potsdam.
Other new official faces, all but one
confirmed by the Senate by voice vote,
were Clinton P Anderson of New
Mexico as Secretary of Agriculture,
Lewis B. Schwellenbach of Washing
ton State as Secretary of Labor, Tom
Clark of Texas as Attorney General
and Robert E. flanagan of Missouri
as Postmaster General. Nomination of
flanagan, the Democratic national
chairman, was carried to record vote
and approved so to 2.
A TWo-Way Shift
The new appointments represent
both a geographical shift and decen-
tralization of authority exercised by
F.D.R. Five of the 10-man Cabinet
hail from west of the Mississippi. They
include all of the new members but
Byrnes and one of the Roosevelt hold
overs, Commerce Secretary Henry A.
Wallace of Iowa.
Most of the FER. Cabinet came
from the east and midwest. New York
at one time had five Cabinet members.
Anderson's post is expected to be
expanded greatly in jurisdiction. The
President also made him War Food
Administrator to succeed Marvin
Jones and Congress in a revolt may
give him veto power over OPA price
ceilings as well.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-08
Maybe The Kuriles

northward before reaching the coast
in that vicinity.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-08

DRESIDENT HARRY S. TRU-
L MAN, being from Missouri,
waited nearly three months be-
fore filling half the Cabinet with
men of his own choosing. His five
chOicec moi cpOntapeOI1c Son oto
Detroit evening times., 1945-10-28


of another stripe. The President foots the bills.
So there goes $500 a year more for food.
Now, with federal income tax paid, state
income tax paid, local property taxes paid and
food bills met, the $4,000 is down to $4,000.
Still, the President hasn't tackled the normal
expenses of tire head OF the family. He hasn't
stopped 10 say to himself, Il had hundred bucks
Wednesday morning. Now all I've got is a fin.
This is funny"
One considerable expense he's probably glad
10 meet. He feel warm inside about it.
What's man want money for, anyway, more
than for something like this? He's sending his
daughter through colege-Gcorge Washington
University.
Then there is the clothing bill for the family.
There's life insurance and home insurance Lodge
dues, gratuities and contributions. Incidcntas
and always the procession of unexpected drains
on the wallet that any family man knows come
as inevitably as a change in the weather.
President Truman, by careful housekeeping
and frugal living, under the circumstances, is
lucky at the end of the year TO have anything left
of his IS grand
Heads Of some other great nations must smile
about this. President has to skimp and pinch.
Detroit evening times., 1945-10-28

Americans are funny people. The people else.
where must think
King George Of England, for example, receives
enormous royal grants That the Kings lo'.
President Truman when ne stepped up to the
top Job actually took loss He was srttiny
along better financially during the short time he
was Vice-Presidcnt
DRESTDENT TAFT was the only President ever
I 10 receive his full $4,000 a year The Pres
idents pay was increased from $4,000 10 $4,000
in 1903 In addition he received S25OOO yearly
fund for travelling expenses.
President Truman receives $4,000 yearly for
travel expenses and for entertainment on state
occasions. This defrays the cost Of such prcsi.
dental trips as Big Three conferences and United
Nations parleys, and it takes care OF visiting
foreign dgnitarics- and White House receptions.
lis use is strictly limited TO state purposes and
il is not an additional item of Presidential income
The actual income has been going down IN pur
chasing value much of the time since the first
Presidential salary was put on the books on Sept
"a 1889. The Continental Congress on that day
fixed il at S25O00 A lot OF money, then.
President Washington, as 1t turned out, didn't
October "a. F915
Detroit evening times., 1945-10-28

III YOUR little man who is going to be Presi-
4 dent some day is not rich when he steps intGe
] the White House he is going to have hard
time to make ends meet.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-04-19
Basic Reason For
Black Market In
Meat Explained

The reasons for the black mar
ket in meat are explained primari-
ly by two figures, the Office of
Price Administration said. Ameri-
can civilians with the purchasing
power now available to them pro-
vide demand, at ceiling prices, of
ITO pounds of meat per capita per
year. ALLEGATIONS for the present
quarter of this year allow for a
civilian consumption of lis pounds.
This difference between demand
of ITO pounds and supply of 115
pounds constitutes the root of the
black market. Such an enormous
gap between demand and supply
has placed a terrific pressure on
firms and individuals in the meat
industry to violate price regula-
tions. The need for an aroused pub
lie opinion against black market
operations is of the utmost import
ance, OPA pointed out. The house
wife VINO willingly pays black mar
ket prices for meat is depriving- our
men in the armed forces, cheating
her fellow citizens of their share
of meat under rationing, and lin
ing the pockets of greedy men who
are taking advantage of the war
for their personal gain.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-04-19
Volunteer Workers
Needed To Help
Process 1915 Crop

Upwards of 100000 part-time
and full-time workers will be
needed for the canning, dehydrat-
ing, drying, freezing and packing
of the 1916 crop of perishable
fruits and vegetables, the War
Manpower Commission mas an
rounced. The number of migratory
workers---those who follow the
crops to work in food processing
plants--will be relatively small but
the important part Of the total
number of workers, full-time and
part-time, that are needed. For the
most part, communities in which
canning, drying, dehydrating and
freezing plants are situated, will
nave to depend largely on volun-
teer labor furnished by youths,
teachers, merchants, housewives
and others. "If youths, housewives,
merchants, ministers, retired per-
sons and others respond this year
as they did last year." said Paul
V. McNutt, Chairman of VINO,
1--WE should have no great difficulty
in canning and otherwise process
ing the fruit and vegetable crops.
We are still at war and need all
the processed foods we can get"
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-04-19
Why Not Attract
Tourists :?

GOVERNOR ELLIS ARNALL
of Georgia, wants to make his
state attractive to tourists so that
Georgia can attract visitors.
Nobody has yet estimated the
value of tourists to California and
Florida. Other states estimate
that they receive millions of dol
lars year from visitors who come
in to spend vacations.
Many states can develop attrac-
tions to interest visitors who, after
all, are looking for a good time
Not every commonwealth has
mountains and seashore, but there
are lakes and hunting and fishing
possibilities that provide recrea-
ton. In addition, nearly every
state has scenic or historic sites
which are interesting.
The automobile has produced a
social revolution in the United
States and, together with the de-
velopment of aerial travel, will
enable the people of the United
States to travel more in the future
than in the past.
To attract tourists, it is neces.
sary for the people of the states
to provide accommodations at rea-
sonable rates. This means better
hotels, better eating places ant
amusements and recreational ia.
cilities at fair prices.
After all, there is no reason
why the state should not under.
take a program along this line
While it will probably attract
tourists, the truth of the matter
is that the people of this state
would benefit immensely. Such
facilities would fit into the living
plan of most Americans after the
war and it will be just as we'll il
we get busy on a suitable pro.
gram.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-04-19
p. A. Carroll Member OF
National Guernsey Club

The American Guernsey Cattle
Club announces the election of
Philip ! A. Carroll, Doughoregan
Manor, Ellicott City, to member
ship. Mr.. Carroll has a herd of
registered Guernseys on his farm.
The American Guernsey Cattle
Club is national organization Of
$4,000 breeders of purebred
Guernseys. 1t records the reg
istrations of purebred Guernseys
which trace to the Island of
Guernsey, the original home of the
breed, in the English Channel. 1t
also supervises tests of production
and through Golden Guernsey, Inc.
supervises the marketing of Col
den Guernsey Milk.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-04-19
Restraining Greedy
Civilians
FOOD SUPPLIES in 1915 will

FOOD SUPPLIES in i945 will
be from FIVE to ten per cent.
below last year, declares former
War Mobilizer James F. Byrnes,
who points out that the demand
for food will be greater.
Some of the increased demand
will come from families with
larger incomes due to the infla-
tionary effects of war spending,
who have improved their diet and
enlarged their appetites.
The question that presents itself
to the officials is whether to per-
init greedy civilians to buy up
supplies, thus cutting down rations
to fighting men and preventing
the shipment of foods to hungry
peoples in areas where unres;
might imperil our soldiers.
Mr.. Byrnes says that available
supplies must be allocated between
civilians, military needs and for
eign assistance Gin the light Of
their Importance" He declines
to reduce the ration of soldiers
and points out that military
stocks, instead of being excessive
are at relatively low levels.
While foreign aid will be care
fully weighed in the light of this
country's needs and production
the former War Mobilizer points
out that disease and unrest mus
be prevented in some areas for thu
protection of our military opera
tons. The establishment of sta
bic governments, in rear areas, il
vital to the safety Of lighting
men and stable governments can
not be expected where the peopl
are hungry" Na
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-04-19
Battleships Important

ADMIRAL Ernest ]. King, head
of the American Navy, calls
attention to the renewed impor-
tance of battleships."
The Fleet head emphasizes the
concentrated power of heavy naval
guns which is very great by stand
ards of land warfare and says
that the artillery support that the
battlewagons have given to land
ing operations has enabled our
forces to make landings with
minimum loss of life.'
We are glad to see this COM
ment on battleships because there
still exists the danger that the
people of this country enthused
over the striking power Of mod
ern carriers, viii conclude that
dreadnaughts are unnecessary.
Nothing could be further from the
truth because, in its essentials,
naval supremacy depends upon the
weight of broadsides that can be
delivered at the critical time in a
decisive battle.
The firepower of the big guns
of modern battleship is some
thing terrific. Veterans Of island
invasions, who have withstood
aerial and naval bombardments
are unanimous in the opinion that
bombs do not, compare with explo.
sive shells. Feyl know without
being told, th@ lpne battleship car
deliver the Equivalent of 4 medium
air raid in an hour and that the
craftsmanship is something to re.
member. +.