davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
ARMY FAVORITISM

In the Battle of the Bulge, for instance, the man who consistently and emphatically warned his su- periors that the Germans were going to attack was Col. B. Abbott Dickson, Chief of Intelligence for the Second Army. Based on inter- views with German prisoners, he wrote a report on Dec. 10, 1944, six days before the attack, warning that it was coming His report, labelled No. ST." is in the files of the War Department.
 But on Dec. 12, Col, Dickson's superior intelligence officer in the 18th Army Group wrote a report saying that no such attack was possible. The man responsible for this report was Gen. Edwin L. Sibert.
 If the gallant 106th Division had had warning; if SHAEF had sent endorsements opposite the Ger man lines. the 60,000 U. s. cas- ualties might have been a different story.
 Today, Col. Dickson, the man who was right, is out of the Army. He retired because he wasn't get ting anywhere. He didn't know the right people. And Gen. Sibert, the man who was wrong. has been promoted to be top-ranking intelli- gence officer in the entire U. s. Army in Germany.
 Again, Col Otis K. Sadtler and Col. J. R. S. Bratton, the two col onels who urged and begged that something be done about warning Pearl Harbor just before the Japs struck, never got one single, soli- tary promotion. Other colonels and lieutenant colonels all around them were promoted to be generals. Col. Bedell Smith, who did not act on Sadtlers and Bratton's suggestions, is now to be Deputy Chief of Staff. But the colonels who were right stood still
 The Army owes it not only to the men who were pushed aside but to the public to rectify this favoritism before asking Congress to vote peacetime conscription or the swallowing up of the Navy
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
RAMROD TOM CLARK

During the first few months of popular Tom Clark's regime as Attorney General, Capitol Hill back slappers sized him up as push-over They figured they could get anything out of him they wanted.
 They have now ruefully dis covered, however, that behind Toms genial smile and easy going manner are some ramrod convic- tions not easily swayed by political sympathies.
 For instance, Clark bearded the lion in it's den the other day by appearing before the Jacksonville, Fla, Convention of State Attorneys General and flatly opposing their ideas on submerged oil lands. This subject is dynamite in many states, including Clark's home state of Texas. Forty-five state attorneys general had publicly demanded that submerged oil and mineral lands be the property of the states, not the Federal Government.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
TIDE TABLE

. December IS, l945
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
CHRISTMAS PROGRAM
 AT BETHEL TABERNAClE

There will be Christmas program Friday. December 21, at 8 D. m at the Bethel Tabernacle. There will be recitations, dialogues, drills, special instrumental numbers and songs by all ages. Parents and friends and the public are all cord- ially invited to attend.
 The buildings of the UniVer- sity of Virginia were laid out &C., cording to a plan drawn up by Thomas Jefferson.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
LOOK and LEARN ss C. GORDON

relationship Oliver Wendell Holmes Oliver Wendell Holmes essayist- poet? 2. called the father of the automobie?" 3. What "mansard" roof? thooughfare 5. Is a
 ANSWERS:
 l.
 2.
 having slopes being sleeper the upper CD 4. He'll" 5.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
MODERN ETIQUETTE 0y eoRERrA LEE

calling another at apartment all right the unannounced? A a very requested proper request the hall boy phone your hostess
 has decline diner invitation should make call later?
 A. Yes; this is the proper thing to do
 What the customary duties of a housemaid?
 0 bedroom
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17

down. Labor organizations have perfect right to participate in po- litical campaigns like everybody else
 The fine hand of House COP Leader Joe Martin of Massachus- cts was evident when the Arends proposal was finally rejected by ar overwhelming voice vote.
 Copyright, 1915. By Bell Syndicate, Incl
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
Daily Lessons in English v v. L. GORDON

WORDS OFTEN NISUSED: say, looks like rain" This is colloonial contraction for
 OFTEN ISPRONOUNCED Fidelity Preferred pronunciation of frs lis as Il
 OFTEN NISSPEILED: Observe the five vowels
 result outcome out growth
 three times and is yours" Let vocabulary each day Todas word something existence Fortune is real entity, a relative significance. Bentley
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
The W ashington Merry -Go Round
 (Continued from Page Ore)

ing many of those who err, while those who were right either get no promotion, or are eased out of the Army.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-05-04
II Won't Be Lonq

MESA members in Toledo plants APP
pear to be heading for another cats paw
strike i'm which Matthew Smith, national
MESA secretary, will use them in an eff.
fort to intmidate production workers at
the Packard Motor Car Co. into joining
his union.
Matt Smith has compiled monu-
mental record of dismal failures in his eff
forts to raid other unions. Thousands of
man hours and thousands of dollars in lost
time and lost pay have been the price ex-
acted from the members of his own union
by this self.professed militant in his fire.
quent excursions into organization of the
already organized.
Smarting and brooding over his defeat
here last December, the irrepressible Matt
again has sailed forth to slay that bold,
bad dragon; that union which has been the
cause of so many of his failures-the
UAW-CIO.
This time, militant" Matthew has
elected to invade the Packard Unit of
Local IL, for he realizes that his time is
running short and if he is to have his re-
venge, he must secure it before ii is too
late.
Those members of his own union who
think that Smith will not call another
strike in order to take over jurisdiction of
UAW-CIO members in Packard don't know
their leader. He is willing to fight to the
last dime of MESA workers money and
the last crust of bread i'm the mouths of
their wives and children, if, in the end, he
could score just one victory over his de-
spised eenmy, the UAW-CIO.
Yes, Matthew Smith is on the muscle
again and hurriedly, for the minute the
war ends and the UAW-CIO no-strike
pledge becomes history instead of hand
cuffs, the brave, militant and courageous
Matthew will stink away, deserting the
very people whose security and welfare
have been his pawns in a game of hatred
and phoney unionism.
Matthew is asking for fight and he
will probably insist on taking another
beating. Matt Smith claims to be an in.
telligent man. in fact he insists upon it;
but he doesn't know when he is beaten
I'VE are not thinking of a super state with
its own police force and other paraphernalia
OF coercive power. We are seeking effective
agreement and arrangements through which
the nations would maintain, according to their
capacities, adequate forces to meet the needs
OF preventing war and of making impossible
deliberate preparation for war and to have
such forces available for joint action when
necessary"
President Roosevelt, June IS, 1914.
Intelligence is judged by the speed with
which an individual becomes used to a new
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-05-04
From The Desk
Melvin Schultz
President,
Local II, UAW-ClO
MINIMUM WAGE

Under the Fair Labor Standards Act a
minimum rate of pay was established for all
industries coming within the scope of this Act
in the United States This minimum rate of
pay is now 40 cents per hour for straight time
work. 1t is not necessary that the employer be
on a strictly hourly rate of pay as regardless
of the method of payment which may be and
incentive system, the employee must be paid
not less than 40 cents per hour. There is
limit to the number of hours which may be
worked in any one day or any one week, but
time and one-half must be paid for all hours
worked over 40 hours per week. work week
being considered consecutive "a hour days.
The work week may be started at any time of
any day of the week. however, it cannot be
changed to avoid the purposes of the Fair
Labor Standards Act. The employer is not per-
mitted to average time worked over period
of or more weeks.
These provisions of the Act effect a rela-
lively few employees in our Community, and
a good many times are more or less over
worked because of this fact; nevertheless, they
are important it does provide standard
or guarantee tending toward eliminating the
competition created through the paying of sub
standard wages
An important feature of the Act which is
important in all the plants here, in Toledo is
the fact that waiting time constitutes time
worked and must be recorded as such when.
ever an employee is required to be on duty
scribed work place when the time is too
short for the employee to spend it for his own
purposes.
1t is not infrequent that we find employers
In Toledo requiring their employees to be at
work for period of time prior to regular
starting time during which time they are ex-
pected to prepare themselves for their jobs
without compensation being granted to them
by the company This is violation of the Act
for which a claim be made against the
employer.
Deductions from employees paychecks
which cause the employee to receive less than
40 cents per hour are permitted only when
employer or others acting in his behalf derive
no benefit from the deductions.
The Act prohibits the shipment or delivery
in Interstate Commerce of any goods produced
in establishments in or about which oppressive
child labor has been employed within 80 days
prior to the removal of the goods. This actually
means that children under the age of 16 years
are not permitted to work in such an industry
If it will interfere with their schooling, health,
or well being 1t also prevents the employ
ment of children between the ages of 16 and
18 years in hazardous industries. There are
three exceptions; however. One being children
employed in Agriculture Another, children
employed as Actors in Theatrical Productions
and, third, children employed by their parents.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-05-04
We Doy Has Arrived

We Day for which millions OF Ameri-
cans have worked, hoped and prayed has
arrived-on the production front.
Just how soon the government Will
proclaim military victory in Europe is
matter of conjecture, but the termination
of production in many wartime industries
and drastic reduction in others signifies
that to all intents and purposes, the war
in Europe is over
Large scale unemployment which has
already fairly started in the aircraft ana
shipbuilding industries as result OF the
production We Day, promises to grow
progressively serious in the next SIX
months as additional cancellations and
cutbacks occur in radio, radar, tanks,
communications equipment, munitions ana
other war industries.
With cutbacks comes the necessity OF
supplying jobs for many thousands of
workers who will be laid off in the months
ahead. The importance of preventing serl-
Gus unemployment cannot be overempha-
sized, vet neither the Administration nor
Congress have made adequate provisions
for taking up the employment slack.
In the face of growing unemployment
and lack of planning by government and
large segment of industry for an orderly
and rapid reconversion to peacetime pro-
duction, there is mounting fear haunting
the workers that the goal of go million
jobs may be unattainable except in time
of war.
Job freezing, wage freezing, treats of
work-or-jail legislation on the part of gov
ernment to speed production for war are
giving way to unemployment, and deter
mined resistance to wage increases which
must be granted when the 48 hour week
is eliminated and enlarged wages due to
overtime pay comes to an end.
Governmental concern and respon-
sibility for winning the war is not and
must not be less than its responsibility for
winning the peace. To permit unemploy-
ment to exist among large group of
workers because of partial military VIC
tory is to deny and evade that respon-
sibility and to court disaster and chaos.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-05-04

l believe I told you l have
been getting the boxes reg
ular and do enjoy them and
the work that the Locals are
doing is great. If you were
with the boys as l have been
you would know and it would
make your heart glad to
keeping the ball rolling, I'm
sure it will be done. Dick,
when it comes to getting the
kicks out of anything l guess
we can do it.
want to thank you again
for everything and hope to be
with you all soon.
Best wishes for your sue
cess and happiness.
Ralph S. Baker MN 1/C
U.S.N.H. Ward-121
st. Albans, Long Island
New York.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-05-04
Fights For Union
Dear Mr.. Gosser:

Dear Mr.. Gosser:
l received your reply to my
letter of the 10th and want to
thank you for your interest in
my inquiry. Yes, Dick l did
get my military leave from
Local No. IL. 1t was given to
me at the Local office the
week of March IA, 1914 and
you know Dick I've lived un-
ion for many years and I'm to
old to change now and believe
it or not I'm fighting now and
will keep on fighting to keep
everything for which the un-
ion stands for.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-05-04
SerVicennen's
Letters
BeIafed Letter

Dear Mr.. GoSSer:
Thank you and the members
of Local IL for your Yuletide
greetings. Also l wish to ex-
press my appreciation for the
gift boxes which l received
especially cigarettes.
That SO c hri t m a
check certainly came at the
right time. How can we
go wrong with people like you
behind us. Although when
the boys here read about the
other plants at home having
strikes and labor troubles it
makes them feel bitter. I've
talked with many in bull ses-
sions and they said If only
the people back home would
get a birds eye view of the
situation here, they would for
get their problems in labor
quickly and work more eff
GENTLY and vigorously in or
der that their loved ones could
return home sooner.
l have told the boys about
the company where had
worked and to what kind of a
union l belong. l related
to them how the unio n
Is seeking to aid us in return
ing back to work as soon as
possible so that we can take
our place in life under normal
con ditions. Gee" they
replied, that certainly is
a onderful place to
work and a super union to be
a member of. Yes, | said, all
of us members back home
have Mr.. Gosser to thank be-
cause he had protected the
rights and liberties of my fell
low workers and stood up
with them shoulder to shoul-
der to get what we have re-
ceived. The boys seemed to
feel more secure about their
jobs back home after our little
session. No matter VIII a t
we do our minds always turn
back to our friends back
home. We know that some
day this terrible thing will be
over and that we shall return
and join our fellow workers In
performing our daily work
again in order that we may
make more secure and
peaceful world for future gen.
erations.
Sincerely yours,
Cpl. Edwin A. Radecki
A. S. N. 15140024
177th. General Hospital
A. p. o. SIT
co Postmaster,
New York, N. Y.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-05-04
Regional
Views
By Richard Gosser
Director Region 2B, UAW-ClO
SELLING PAC

SELLING PAC
shop steward in one of our Toledo plants
walked up to one of the boys in his depart
ment and said to him, Hey bud, wanna buy
a ticket for PAC?
Hell no." said the other guy 'it's bunch
of bunk and l amt gonna pay out no buck
for that"
Yeah said the steward maybe you're
right. But what the He'll l got orders to
sell these things so don't find fault with me-"
Leaving the tough customer, the steward
walked over to another fellow and said, Hi
chum. Wanna buy PAC membership"
"Sure thing" said the other fellow as he
dipped down into his pocket and came up with
a dollar, II think PAC's great thing. I'm
glad to have a chance to join up and do my
bit"
"You said it bud' says the same steward,
I'm glad to hear that you like PAC. Thanks
for the buck
IT DOES HAPPEN
Now don't any of you good union stewards
and committeeman jump up and say this
doesn't happen, because l know that it did
happen and probably has occurred plenty of
times in all our plants After ALL some of these
people do not know what PAC is all about,
and If our leadership doesn't know, how can
we enlighten and inform our people.
Our task in PAC is to educate our own
people and then the general public, job that
must be done if we are to succeed in our eff
forts to bring about social legislation which
will advance the cause of all the people and
bring about greater security.
We do not approach our task with the idea
that whatever we advocate will benefit only
the members of our own organization. We
know that what benefits our people is of bene-
fit to Others and that the welfare of all can
best be served by working for social gains
which are of general benefit to everyone
We want people in PAC who are sold on
PAC. We want people in our Political arm who
recognize the need for social legislation who
are not only willing to invest one dollar each
year to give the organization the financial aid
it needs; but who are willing to spend little
of their spare time in working with the or
ganization.
There is plenty of room in PAC for every
one who has even little time. We need speak,
ers and plenty of helpers on the many COM
mittees which are working to advance the
cause of the workers and general public and
it Is my hope that everyone who can possibly
do so will volunteer to help PAC and in help
ing it, help their fellow workers and them
selves
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-05-04

AS 1t once was:
Here shall the Press the Peo-
pies right maintain,
Unaw'd by influence and un-
brib'd by gain;
Here patriot Truth her glori-
Gus precepts draw,
Pledg'd to Religion, Liberty,
and Law"
Joseph Story
(1778-1845) Editor.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-04-18
Roosevelt Was Dominant
Figure In 1920 Politics

friends Of Mrs. Roosevelt, were ir
the original group, and at inter
walls others were formally added
like Marguerite Durand, Howe s
efficient. secretary. She too is deac
now.
Grace Tully, Franklin Roose
velt's last personal secretary, who
came with him from Albany tt
Washington, was another initiate
and his daughter Anna. / think
that calls the actual Cuff-Links
Club roll.
Before the 1928 campaign, the
Cuff-Linkers usually fore-gathered
with 1.-The Boss" on his birthday
at his New York City home or ir
a Washington hotel.
The Washington meetings were
strictly stag parties, riotous with
laughter and exchange of politica
gossip. They lasted far into the
night, with a bit of card table dj
version to help them along, but
they had not a great deal of signi.
ficance. They were just part Of
Franklin Roosevelt as / knew him
1 will cite only one incident as
having more meaning. The Boss
was determinedly trying to gel
back his power to walk. His
Dutch was up" as Howe wouic
have put it. He was gong to walk
again, somehow, anyhow, without
crutches. e..~'~ e.
We decided to give him cane
engraved with all or signatures
as a token that we too expected
him to walk again. When we pre-,
scented it in hotel room in Wash
ington his eyes were moist.
All evening he sat with tine cane
cuddled against his shoulder. He
would reach up to pat its crook
now and then, and we knew ne
was saying to himself:
you'll walk ag n, Frank
Roosevelt; YOU SHALL WALK
AGAIN"
(Tomorrow: 1928 and Albany
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-04-18
Gen. Reybold, Former
Resident, Is Promoted

Another early project was the con-
struction of harbor facilities at
Cape May, New Jersey.
In 1908 Reybold entered the
Army as a second lieutenant in the
Coast Artillery Corps, and from
1910 to 1918 served in the Philip
pine Islands where he was a Con-
structing Quartermaster and Aide
to the commanding general.
From 1913 to 1915, ne was assign.
ed to the coast defenses of Boston
Harbor. For his World War rec
ord as director of the department
of enlisted specialists at Fort Mon
roe, Va, he was awarded the Dis
tingu- shed Service Medal. In 1923
he was graduated from the Com
mand and General Staff School,
and for three years after was an
instructor. ..
In 1925 Col. Reybold was trans
ferred to the Corps of Engineers.
After graduation from she Army
War College in 1927 he became as
sistant to the District Engineer,
later District Engineer, in the Buf-
falo office. Following duty in Wash
ington and Wilmington he was 'ap-
pointed District Engineer in Mem.
phis. In 1887 for the first time ir
history, the Army Engineers made
the Mississippi flood stay away
from the Mississippi Valley. From
1887 to 1910, as DIVISION Engineer
at Little Rock, Arkansas. he help
ed set up a great flood contro
plan.
In 1910, Col. Reybold was chosen
by Chief of Staff, General Mar
shall to run the supply section O.
/ the General Staff. Gen. Reybold is
a member of the National Capi.o
Park and Planning Commission
the Board of Commissioner of the
U. S. Soldiers Home the Army
and Navy Club, and the Columbis
CONT Club in Chevy Chase.
His appointment as. Chief of En-
gineers broke precedent in tina
he was the first man not a gradu
ate of West Point to- hold that Of
flee. 1F
President Truman also sent !he
Senate the nominations of eigf-
J major generals to be leutenan,
generals.
They are Joseph L. Collins, o.
car W. Griswold, Lucius D. Clay
i Godfrey Keys, Edmund B. Greg
i,gory, Walton Harris Walker, Levir
H. Campbell and Wade H. Haislip
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-04-18
PATTON REPORTED
ACROSS GERMANY
Continued from Page One)

Continued from rage OncJ
fantrv now was three-fourths sur
rounded and falling block at
time despite fanatical German re-
sistance.
Third Army troops opened an
assault on Chemnitz, city OF 1884,
600 after the Germans rejected a
demand for its surrender. The
Americans were two miles away
on the west and and undisclosed
distance on the north.
A late front dispatch said that
1t. Gen. George S. Patton's soth
Infantry Division, which with the
26th Infantry is driving toward
Czechoslovakia on a l5-mlle 1ront'
had pushed eastward two miles
during the day to within four mlles
of completing its stab across the
waist of Germany.
The German garrison OF Chem.
nitz, beleaguered fortress city 80
miles west of Dresden. rejected
q Third Army ultimatum to sur
render and was being stormeo
from less than two miles away.
Troops of the First and Ninth
Armies linked up at Bernburg, a
short distance from the Elbe some
27 miles due south of Magdeburg.
The Ninth Army's bridgehead
across the Elbe at Barby, southeast
of Magdeburg, remained intact.
German forces who had been by.
passed by the Ninth Army north OF
Magdeburg made an attempt TO
break through and escape up the
Elbe to the north, but were turn
ed back after overrunning an Am
erican anti-aircraft position.
On the north, tanks of the .Brl-
fish Second Army broke loose for
13-mle gan south of Hamburg
through weakening Nazi resistance.
1t appeared that a general sweep
to the Elbe by Field Marshal Sir
Bernard L. Montgomery forces
was not far away. Schnewerdinrsn,
Is miles from the Elbe on the ap-
proaches to Hamburg, was captur-
ed By Montgomery's Seventh Ar
mored Division, which pushed on
to within Is miles of the Elbe.
The British took 5000 prisoners
Monday, bringing their total since
the Rhine crossing to 10000. Mont
gomerys 18th Armored Division
reached a point 10 miles due south
ct Luneburg, the last big town on
the British. right flank. The Nazi
garrison of besieged Bremen still
was fighting stubbornly.