davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-03
knowledge Test

Give Yourself one for each ~ tire trss
five questions and five for the last ques
tian. Score. $40, brilliant; 10, bright;
40. ayersGs, Oh, dull.
Marco Polo described an
island he called Cipango. which
we now call: ta) Cuba, (b)
Hawaii, (c) Japan.
2-Alexander the Great broke
the Gordian knot with his: (a)
hands, tb) sword. tc1 teeth.
3-The state that is called
the Mother Of Presidents is:
(al Washington. (b) Massachu-
setts, (c) Virginia.
4-Black Dan was great
American orator. Was his last
name: (a) Calhoun, tb) Nc
Grew, Co Webster.
5-The country that is called
the top OF the world Is: ta)
Tibet, (b) Switzerland, (C) Aus
Iralla. >
Match these columns:
fAI la SASton ~ Coolidge
fhl Mary Todd 60 Warrington
tcl Grace GoOdhus 90 Lincoln
a MARTINS psndndfe tyl Cleveland
20 Frsuces Folsom 90 Mckinley
tAnswers On opposite psSeS
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-03

WHEN President Harry S. Truman signs the
wv new reciprocal trade agreements bill" he
may be signing the death warrants of hundreds OF
American manufacturing plants and destroying
the jobs Of many thousands of American workers.
That is the power of life and death over Amer
lean industry which Congress has granted and
which the President is expected to approve.
The actual srecHtioner tOil not be either the
President or Congress, but a secretiUs bureau in
the department OF state tUhich is responsible only
indirectly to the President and rDhich acts With
responsibility at aii to Congress.
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-03

ONE Of the arguments" by which Congress was
" persuaded to pass the new bill was that the old
trade agreements act, which permitted our protec-
tive tariffs TO be reduced so per cent, had been
operative for several years, that more than 1900
reductions had been made in tariff schedules, and
that there had been no alarming mortality in our
industries.
The fact was of course, that the outbreak of
war in 1889 suspended all normal international
trade, and consequently the easily predictable
effects of drastic American tariff reductions made
under the old law could not record themselves.
Hence in passing the new bill, which permits
tariff reductions up to rs per cent, Congress acted
without the benefit of any accurate or statistical
information to support its action.
On the other hand, advocates Of the new bill
not only ANTICIPATED that it would put an un-
estimated number of concerns, and perhaps even
entire industries out of business, BUT INSISTED
THAT EXACTLY THAT SHOULD BE MADE
TO OCCUR. "
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-03
WAsHNGTON, July 2-Two
" senator. wsr. talking over
the San Francisco peace for

One wondered what steps the
administration would take TO
sell il 10 the people, observing
that if Mr. Roosevelt were alive
there would no doubt be a great
pressure propaganda dEise=o-.=
ganized 10 herald the document
as the greatest advancement Of
man since the Ten Command
ments and perhaps even
greater.
The second senator correctly
concluded that Messrs. Truman
and Stettlnius are mOdestly
putting forward their program,
laying no great claims for II,
and allowing IT TO speak for
itself.
Indeed. the inner congress
sional sentiment seems gener-
ally TO run TO the theory that
while this formula certainly
does not guarantee either peace
or security, no alternative i'm
proVenent is possible now.
Thus. the ma lority opinion con-
cludes the document might as
well he ratified 10 see what Mr..
StettiniuS and the other world
organization leaders can work
out of il.
TIME Francisco confer
l. ence did not materially alter
the Dumbarton Oaks scheme.
Its main work was the building
up Of the economic and social
council and adoption of the
trusteeship system BaSically
the peace-keeplng project was
left without change, 10 wit:
The security council, backed
Vby the chiefs of staff OF the five
big United Nations. will not
have an international police
force. To stop an aggressor,
II Will order nations TO take
military measures.
The council itself NAV take
economic steps 10 isolate an Of
fender, but the FIVE big nations
specifically retain the right 10
veto any action and an obieC-
tlon by any one Of them can
break down the whole peace
formula.
THIS veto right was retained
Il at San Francisco over the
protest Of small nations. be-
cause the big three Russia,
Britain and the United States
have the only formidable sea,
Air and land forces and they did
not want the other eight smaller
nations on the council ordering
their armies around.
This formula. then. is purely
tentative. and how much il Will
amount 10 remains for future
events 10 determine. Surely II
should stop little wars, hut II
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-03

THE textile industry may indeed be the first
major casualty.
This industry is now depressed because OF the
so per cent tariff reductions made under the old
law
Nothing but the second World War-by cut
ting off foreign competition in our home market
and creating temporary military demand
has kept its looms and spindles moving.
Meanwhile, Senator Walsh said
"The United Kingdom has, according to eUi-
dence presented, greatly increased the efficiency
of its manufacturing plants and has enough cotton
spindles production capacity TO SUPPLY THE
ENTIRE WORLD.
"Son,e think the textile industry should be
perhaps rOiped Out, bat If another Dar comes,
tUhere are we going to get tDootens and cotton
products to clothe people and protect their
health?"
PROMISES have been given that no "agree-
ments" will be made in COMPETITIVE fields
which would injure this country.
If that is true, in what fields can ANY agree
ments be made?-for virtually all NON
COMPETITIVE goods are now on our free list,
requiring no tariff protection of any kind.
Either the new measure is to be a deadletter
law or it is to destroy the industrial enterprise
system of America
Congress should repair it's short sighted and
unpatriotic blunder by REPEATING the bill 1t
has just passed or else asking President Truman
to veto it.
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-03

ONE Of the most plausible sounding destruction
~ lists was DR.. Herbert Fes, former adviser on
international economic affairs in the state depart
ment and now special consultant to the secretary
of war.
While the new reciprocal trade agreements
bill was under consideration in Congress a PAM
-phlet written by DR.. Feis was published in New
York City by the American Enterprise Associa-
tion
DR.. Feis laid down the fat doctrine that use
OF our productive resources must be shaped 80 as
to give sufficient place in American markets for
foreign products
This" he wrote, "tUiH require a willingness
the part of the United States to endure
extensive foreign eompetition than in the Past,
PRODUCERS, IN PART OR WHOLE, CERTAIN
BRANCHES OF PRODUCTION WHEREIN
THEY HAVE A GREAT COMPARATIVE AD-
VANTAGE"
ONE respect in which every foreign nation has a
" great comparative advantage over American
industries is in the matter of WAGES. --1
AS Senator David I. Walsh of Massachusetts,
said in the congressional debate:
England, our highest-cost competitor, pays
rDoges that are so per cent beloLD those paid in
America, and they go from so per cent dorDn to
perhaps so per cent belouD in such countries
CzechosloUdkid."
Obviously, an American manufacturer cannot
pay American wages and meet competition in our
home market from low wage countries if the state
department bureaucracy is to reduce the protec
tive tariff on his goods by IS per cent
Experience at the end of the first World War
tells dramatically how runous the Feis theory
can be-
The United States had to develop chemical
industry DURING that war, much of it based
upon German patents seized by the alien property
custodian.
At the end of the war; Germany still had
great comparative advantage" but the develop
ment Of American chemical industries continued
If instead we had yielded" the field to Ger
many, we could not have won the second World
War; in fact, we could not even have WAGED
this war,
THUS it is perfectly evident that the American
protective tariff system is an essential part of
our national defense, which no theoretical bureauc-
racy should be empowered TO sabotage.
According to a report obtained in Congress
from the tariff commission, there are at least 40
important commodities" on which the new bill
permits tariff reductions up TO rs per cent and
whlch-the tariff commission sald-would be ma
terially affected thereby.
Just one Of these commodities" NAV COM
prise HUNDREDS OF PAY ROLLS, on which
THOUSANDS OF FAMILIES DEPEND. \
Among the 40 are cattle and beef, underwear
cheese brandy, carpets and rugs, woolens and
worsteds, bedding, hats, Shoes gloves linens dolls
and toys, pottery and tableware, glassware, au
minum, zinc, lead and copper.
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-03
Paul MALLON
Behind
The News

does not even pretend anything \
more than hope for avoiding
big ones.
Indeed, IL recognizes realis-
tically the facts Of international
life and is far away from the
fancy projects advanced earlier
in the war by some officials Of
this government 10 promote
One World. a-qasFt-of-miik.s-
day, etc.
THIE idealism OF the document
Is centered largely in, The
economic and social council but
even there, restraint Is notice
able. The charter gives this
council the obligation OF pro-
noting human rights ard
fundamental freedoms for, and
without distinction as 10 race,
sex. language or religion"
1t does not mention freedom
NJ press, which certainly is
fundamental freedom. or what
good is freedom Of language
without freedom 10 use II? II
seems full pledge for our con-
stitutional liberties was avoided.
possibly for fear Of embarrass-
ing contrasts with the Russian
system Of political use OF It's
press under dictatorship.
The navy seems 10 have
caused Mr.. Stettlnius 10 moder-
ate his trusteeship notions 10
some vague extent not clear In
the text. II appears q special =
category for bases in strategic
areas" has been created. but
whether we viii get ownership
of the Jap islands for ourselves
is not plainly settled. There
are many other apparent de-
fects in the scheme which may
lead to future trouble.
4 POSSIBILITY ~ conflict
"a between the general assem-
hly Of all the nations and the
security council is apparent, al
though the council will doni-
nate and can force any impor.
tant action. Most Of the voting
is 10 be done by two-thirds.
which raises the prospect that
action desired hy the majority
conceivably could fail and no
decision may be reached in
some cases. Certainly action IL
likely 10 he limited TO what
every one wants.
This is not a particularly new
world enviSioned by the charter.
II is merely a continuance OF
the war world cooperation poll
icy Of the United Nations into
the peace. providing them with
a very loose working arrange
ment.
The really important influence
for peace or war will be welded
by the Big Three in the develop
ment of their future foreign
policies, inside or outside this
organization.
Distributed ~ kim Feature, su,d Ina
Reproduction In vhol, NJ In part
strictly prohibited.
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-03
the Pacific War VIGOROUSLY Make PERMANENTLY Bring Boys Home PROMPT
a National Poverty Bill

DECEARING that the new trade agreement bill
~ is "a move in the direction of free trade 49,
move to reduce agricultural and industrial tariffs
to what could be the lowest level in the history of
the country" Senator Walsh told Congress:
proponents of the measure ACTUALLY
ARGUED BEFORE THE SENATE COMMITTEE
in faUor of THE ELIMINATION OF ALL INDUS
TRIES IN THE COUNTRY except those that can
PRODUCE COMMODITIES CHEAPER THAN
THEY CAN BE PRODUCED ABROAD"
This is condition that would automatically
doom manufacturers of high quality articles in any
competitive field.
It is condition that would utterly debase the
hard American standard of living
Pleading with Congress not to grant the power
that was sought Senator Walsh said
at is an extraordinary poDer
at is a power to destroy ANY INDUSTRY
Ohich A BUREAU SET UP IN THE STATE DE-
PARTMENT considers unable to produce goods
here as cheapiy as they can be produced in a
foreign country
"If this policy had prevailed in the past,
many small and struggling industries WHICH
HAVE BECOME STRONG AND POWERFUL
AND PROSPEROUS pould neUer haze come into
existence.
"Tf this theory eUsn remotely prevails among
those rDho vil haUs the polOsr to negotiate trade
agreements IN SECRET, WITHOUT AP.
PROVAL BY THE CONGRESS, it could mean
overnight the depletion of the luooten fabric in
dustry, the cotton textile industry. the Watch in
dustry-lUhich these treaties haUe already almost
completely deshoyed-the boot and shoe indus
try, the fish and jewelry, the paper and plastic
industries, the larry industry and, in fact,
NEARLY ALL OUR INDUSTRIES" ST
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-14

Empire Want-ads bring resultsi
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-14
Wesfern,Ity Strait Areas
 Will Reopen
36-Hour Extensions Auth- orized in Suspended See-
 tors of Two Districts

Developing salmon runs In Icy Strait and Western Districts Of Southeast Alaska have resulted in announcement of added commercial salmon fishing periods in sections of those districts where operators had been authorized to stand by" at the close of the normal season.
 The Fish and Wildlife Service
 has now authorized 36-hour re- openings - commencing August IS at 6 o'clock a. m., and ending Aug ust Is at o'clock D. m.-for the two suspended" areas: Inner Icy Strait, east of the longitude of Point Carolus, and in the Western District, north of Point Couverden. Operations in the former were "suspended' at the close of the regular season August 8, in the latter. August 12, J. Steele Gull bertson, Fisheries Management Su- pervisor, explained here today.
 A pilot trap" operated in the Icy Strait area has recently shown run improvement and developing runs are indicated in reports from boats operating in Chatham Sarait, Supervisor Culbertson said.
 Packers and fishermen, meeting here yesterday with Fisheries offi- cials to discuss suspension of op- erations in all Southeast Alaska districts, pending possible run de- velopment, decided to go through with the normal seasons, as pre- scribed in the regulations, with appropriate action to be taken at regular closing times, MT. Culbert- son said.
 It was the consessus of opinion of those attending the meeting that obtain the results desired from the obtain the results esired from the proposed extensive change in the established policy.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-14
ROTARY OFFICIALS
 TO BE GUESTS OF
 LOCAL CLUB HERE

Next Monday, August 20, the local Juneau Rotary Club will be hosts to the Presidents and SecretaryS Of Division 101, who will meet here, un- der the direction of the newly ap- pointed District Governor, Harold Hicks, for one-day assembly from g a. m. to D. m.,. it was announced by Jack Fletcher, Chairman of this Committee, at today's regular weekly Rotary meeting in the Baranof Hotel.
 This assembly is an annual affair and because of the importance to familiarize newly elected Presidents and Secretarys with their work it is felt that the whole day should be spent in discussing problems and receiving talks on various phases Of Rotary During the lunch hour cute town guests will be invited to attend the Lions Club meeting and luncheon as will the local Juneau Chapter of Rotary.
 Plans have been arranged to have the first Ladies Night Banquet under the jurisdiction of newly elected President G. H. Hillerman that evening with corsages for the ladies furnished by the Rotarians. Gov ernor Hicks will speak over Radio Station KINY from 8:30 to p. m. that evening.
 President of the Juneau Rotary Club, C. H. Herb" Hillerman was welcomed back by the members to- day, and his first speech since being elected president, gave very good account of his reactions to many Rotary Clubs visited while on his vacation in California.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-14
AU5jIE AIRMEN CARRY ON OWN
 PEACE CAMPAIGN

MELBOURNE, Aug. l4 = Aus tralian airmen on Bougainville have been carrying on their own sur render campaign since the first Japanese offer to quit was dis closed, the army department here reported. An Australian Beaufort bomber with the words Japan Surrenders" painted on the bottom has been flying over all known and suspected positions of the 12,OOO Japanese on the island, shooting Very lights to attract attention
 Other bombers have been follow ing up with leaflet barrage
 First peace proposals were heard by some of the Australian troops while repulsing an attack of raid ing Japanese along the Buin Road, on Bougainville Island.
 Why doesn't someone tell these E B------- that the war is over?' shouted signaller as bullets whizzed through the trees.
 There still are an estimated 7l,000 Japanese troops in the Southwest Pacific, says the Aus tralian Army-which is busy trying to figure out how to round them all up.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-14
JACOB ANDERSON
 : FUNERAL THURSDAY

Funeral services for Jacob An derson. whose body was found Thursday morning, Aug. 9, on the breakwater of the Small Boat Harbor, will be held Thursday afternoon at o'clock, from the Chapel of the Charles w. Carter Mortuary.
 Anderson had been in poor health for several months, and his death came as a result of shock and exposure He was 76 years old Born in Bergen, Norway, May 30 1869, little is known of his early years in Alaska. He was last em- ployed as a cannery watchman at Rake.
 His only known surviving relative is cousin, Teen Swan, of Kent Wash.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-14
HaIsey's Saddle Is On Way

CHICAGO, Aug. 14 Admiral William Halseys handsome new western saddle was packed for air express shipment to the Third Fleet Commander today because he may need it sooner than expected.
 The saddle was made for the admiral after he expressed a de- sire to ride Emperor Hirohito's white horse through the streets of Tokyo. The Reno, Nev, Chamber of Commerce, which had the gift made loaned it to Chicago de- partment store for a war bond display.
 Yesterday the saddle arrived. A few minutes later the store re- ceived telegram from the Reno chamber asking for it's immediate return because war developments indicated Halsey might need it at any moment.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-14
ChineseAre
 Pushing Jap Forces Batk

CHUNGKING, Aug. 14-Chinese forces have cut the Hunan-KWangsl Railroad at Tungan. leaving all Japanese to the south of Tungan in Human Province without raj facilities, the Chinese High Com mand said today.
 Tungan is midway between Kweilin and the rail junction city of Hengyang. a distance of about l80 miles.
 The Chinese also moved forward in Eastern Kwangtung Province recapturing Hweilain on the China Sea coast. Japanese remnants. with the Chinese forces in close pursuit were retreating along the Swa- tow-Hong Kong highway, the high command said.
 4 Chinese troops, pursuing approXl- mately 10000 Japanese soldiers re- treating northward from Southern Kiangsi, have reoccupied the town of Fencheng, 35 miles south of the big Kan River port of Nanchang, news dispatches said today.
 All along China's vast battle fronts Generalissimo Chiang Kai- shek's forces continued their at Jacks against the Japanese and the Chinese Ministry, of Information announced hostilities would con- tinue until peace was officially pro- claimed
 Some Japanese units, front dis patches said, had ceased fighting in the Chekiang Province, south of Shanghai. and were negotiating their equalization.
 Meanwhile, Gen. Gnu Teh, com- mander -in-chief of Chinese Con- munist forces in Manchuria, asked for Korean volunteers to join in the fight against the Japanese in Manchuria.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-14

BUY WAR BONDS
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-14
SELL0UT

MILWAUKEE = Early shoppers had cleaned out L. w. Musch's meat counters when an elderly woman entered the market.
 Have you any beef?" she asked. "No, I'm sorry" Musch said.
 Any pork?"
 NO, I'm sorry"
 Any lamb?"
 NO, I'm sorry"
 q just wanted to hear you say that" the woman said with a laugh. T don't have any red points either"
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-14
MCFARLAND IN TOWN

Ray Mcfarland, of Yakutat, has arrived in Juneau and is guest at the Baranof Hotel.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-08-14

MRS. WELSH IN JUNEAU
 Mrs. Jean M. Welsh, of Klawock, is in Juneau, representing the Bel lingham Canning Company, and is a guest at the Baranof Hotel.
Detroit evening times., 1945-02-28
PERSONALS

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retpHrrt.r frf any CstIs CON u'FaC'ff Hy
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PILFS AND CHRONIC DISEASES
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tT1S Second ur Palmer IR i-T1F2
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Detroit evening times., 1945-12-06
Program 10 Aid
Needy Children

A date 70 mark on your calcn-
6r II p. m. Friday Dec ~
The occasion The Detroit Times
WJR Old Newsboys' Goodfcllow
Fund annual broadcast 10 raise
funds to help bring q Merry
Christmas to underprNIegcd De
troit children
A gala program VIII go on the
air with a galaxy Of WJR artists
participating Tune ln 10 This pro-
gram YOU are invited 20 request
vocal and instrumental numbers
and al the same time pledge
money 10 help bring Christina,
happiness 10 Detroit needy chill
drcn. You may make your request
the night OF thc broadcast or by
writing 10 Norman White. Station
WJR, Fisher Building Detroit .
Mich.
Leo J Fitzpatrick. WJR vice
president and manager. VIII de
rect activities, assisted by White
former president of the old
NcwSboys
TWO WJR orcheStras viii p'ay
one headed by Samuel Bcnayio
and the other by Paul LaNme Al
NJR artists engaging lB Tho
broadcast, as We'll as the station s
Technical and clerical StanS VIII
donate their services RcmcWbDr
u p m Friday Dec a. until thc
carly hours Of The next day Hc1,
Dc,rolt's radio SHOW Of tho
wear -
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-06
Children Rush
V-Lodn Train

Hundreds of school children
swarmcd to-day over = special
Tram bearing The Official Sureu-
der documents Of both Germany
and Japan in addition 10 displays
Of military arms and equipment
Of both the Unitcd States and
enemy forces.
The exhibit wi.l remain on Tho
Grand Trunk siding Milwaukee
and woodward -9p m ay q
feature OF the N-Lsau Bond cam
paignA
TheEsLbit VIII visit RoEal Oak
and Pontiac T7r--~<aA1.. beginning
~ tour OF Michigan C'ics which
Lll-CQnLnue- -llIul4ph- Aee--l-.-4t
waS opened -Peetai welcoming
ceremonies AZ lO q. M.
Individual bond sales In tfc
Victory Loan drive today reached
Sl2S l76 025 q gain of more than
Sc 900 900 in - hours WAYNE
County is credited with sales OF
SCI 5SS 922 on quota of $50 o.
427 600
Seyenty-cIghf Michigan fimc
reported going OYER the top o,
their Ics quotas yesterday
Those IN Detroit included Werner
Tool & Mfg Co. Sairan Print
ing Edison Moore Co. Snyder Too.
* Engineering Co. LarroWeN
Milling Co. DARN T. Armstrong
Co, c. J.. Grandson g. Co. elf
fels & Wallet, Inc. and Schmidt
Brew cry Co.
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-06

10 have declared that such prece-
dents would destroy the soyer-
eighty OF nations and create
uncertainty and doubt deStructivc'
0f dT77IpiIUG and would be Noon
patIbie win The morale OF an
army. which b, essential 10 victory
lu war.
Thrindieputable fact that
Soviet Russia participated ln some
Of the same war crimes and en-
gagged in crimes against peace
that Germany j., charged with is
believed to have something 10 do
with Moscow CoOinosS toward
\ruInboIg.
Rus-ia.> attack ON Finland hcr
invasion of Poland from the east
while Germany invaded from 1hc
west, her annexation Of the three
Baltic republics and her other
acts Of aggression are comparable
20 some of The crimes charged
against Germany