Evening star., 1945-07-02
GIs 10 Demand States
Rights, 0'Conor Tells
Governors Farley
BY the Associa ted Fress.

Governors Farley
BY the Associated Fress.
MACKINAC ISLAND, Mich,
July 2.-Sounding the keynote of
the 37th Annual Governors Con-
ference, Gov. Herbert B. Nav of
Utah today declared that the
American public does not want
Federal regulation of its life
when peace comes.
Gov. Nav, chairman of the con-
ference, led half hozen speeches
which dwelt primarily with the as
serted competency of the States to
cope with postwar reconversion and
other problems-always with the
note that the Federal Government
should help but not direct this
activity.
Gov. HerbertAO'Conor of Mary
land, speaking on The Sovereign
States" told the conference that
returning soldiers would demand
that the States they loved most
occupy as important part in the
Federal union as the same States
did in the upbuilding of America"
Dual Sovereignty Cited.
The Maryland Governor said:
The Texans and Oklahomans,
the New Workers and those of many
C+atac fryIaA fAtInlat 81 pntoot1
suffered and died in the japanese
camps; the Southerners, boys from
the Prairie States and the West
Coast, the lads from every section
who composed the vast forces of
democracy that conquered the NaZi
hordes were loyal Americans all, but
each one, likewise, a native of one
State in the country which was diff
ferent in his eyes from the others
and which ne knew and loved above
all others"
"a dual sovereignty was the foun-
dation stone of the relationship
which the thirteen colonies formed.
Into that relationship 48 sovereign
ties have been integrated. It's opera
ton for more than a century and
a half has been so successful that
skeptics the world over came to-
agree that 1t has been miracle of
government. -.
Liberty Is Explanation.
THE explanation that eludes
these foreign students of govern
ment, but which is crystal clear to
every American, has to do with
ideals of liberty. These ideals have
made it possible for the 13 original
States, and all the other 35 that
have achieved Statehood, to form
and preserve a federation that not
only survived the problem following
the Revolution, but continued tol
function with increasing success
down through the years"
The Maryland Governor said that
a great change had come over Fed
eral-State relationships in the last
several decades-"such changes as
IN our earlier history would have
been repugnant to those who framed
our Constitution i
There is a principle underlying
State-Federal relations that has
not altered since 1887 when the
Constitution was written and that
will remain as long as the Republic
endures. This is the principle that
State-Federal relations, like all
other phases of Government. must
be so arranged as to serve the gen.
eral welfare"
Tobin Discusses Taxation.
Awaiting a report by Comdr.
Harold E. Stassen, former Governor
of Minnesota, on the World Secur-
ity Conference at San Francisco,
the Governor also heard Maurice
j. Tobin, chief executive of Massa-
chusetts, declare that the Federal
Government had taken over fields
of taxation that traditionally had
been considered State and local in
their aspects.
Gov. Tobin said many cities
would be faced with critical prob
lens of support when war -stimu-
lated revenues start on downward
trend" asserting that States might
weaken their powers If they yielded
to the Federal trend.
In somewhat the same vein. Gov.
Earl Warren of California said that
full employment must be encour-
aged in every section of the country
regardless OF prewar conceptions of
Industrial cafffro liz q tion
Indiana's Stand Discussed.
Gov. Ralph F. Gates of Indiana
said his State had stuck to the idea
that local communities knew their
problems best and consequently it'll
was the duty of the State to pro-
vide overall guidances and aids
which the community, through lack
of facilities. could not provide for
itself"
In an address of welcome to the
A chief executives attending this
conference on a vacation island that
was once a battle-ground between
American and Canadian troops, Gov.
Harry F. Kelly of Michigan said that
the Federal system which the United
States knows would be put to the
acid test in the postwar period.
The governors tonight will get q
report on the United Nations char
ter from Comdr Stassen. He is ex-
pected to urge, as did Gov. Thomas
E. Dewey of New York, speedy SEN
ate ratification of the treaty with