davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-03-15
COMMANDER SAYS
BATTLEFIELD ELIMINATES
RACE PREJUDICE

WITH THE U. S. ARMY IN
GERMANY, Mar Is (ANP)-|
"There are no racial prejudices at
Ossenberg," said Maj. Harry Park
er of Emporia, Kan, who had
sought cover in a house that had
been leveled by a German shell.
Maj. Parker gave high praise to
Negro tankmen.
Parker, commander Of the second
battalion of the 18th regiment of
the 35th division, told how the Nazi
gun demolished the room where he
fled, killing seven and wounding
eight Of his men.
"When the shells started popping,
we ran into this building" the 27-
year-old major related, "and we
were just inside when two direct hits
flattened it," He revealed that some
of the doughboys were buried alive
when the debris from the explosion
filled the basement entrance but
kept praising the Negro tank unit
supporting them.
"There are no racial prejudices at
Ossenberg," the young Kansan said.
"It's the first time those Negro tank
men have been in action and today
they had their first casualties, but
the rest of them still are fighting in
there. He'll, they're al sleeping and
eating together. They're fighting to-
gether, too"
Many Missouri and Kansas men
are reported in the 35th Division
which has, according to late COM
muniques, crossed the Rhine. Negro
tankmen have been identified with
this group previously.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-03-15
ARMY BAND CITED
BY TREASURY

TUSKEGEE ARMY AIR FIELD,
Mar. Is (ANP)-Members of the ia
nous Army Air Forces band were
presented United States Treasury
Department citations for services
rendered in national war loans, by
Col. Noel F. Parrish, commanding
officer of Tuskegee Army Air Field,
at concert in the post chapel.
In presenting the citations Col.
Parish commended the band for it's
outstanding record in the sale of
war bonds in the states of Alabama,
and Georgia. Also, he praised the
men Individually for their excellent
records as soldiers as well as musi-
clans, and for their contribution as
a Notwithstanding influence on the
post.
The band, under the direction of
Capt. Frank L. Drye, former band
master at Tuskegee institute where
he developed some of the finest and
most widely heralded bands in
America, has in less than three years
made one Of the most outstanding
records of all service bands. Par
ticularly in war loans has the band
distinguished itself. In cooperation
with the war finance committee for
Alabama and Harry Simms, Negro
promotion specialist, the band has
centered it's services chiefly in the
smaller towns of Alabama and
Georgia, reaching people who other
wise would not have been reached,
and causing an amazing response to
the appeal.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-03-15
NEGRO SEABEES RESCUED
MARINES IN THE BATTLE
OF PELEuU ISLAND

WASHINGTON, Mar. Is (ANP)
The navy has revealed the story of
how Negro seabees, classed as nom
combatants, went to the rescue of
hard pressed marines on Peleliu
island on Sept. Is.
The story of how these Seabees
turned into frst-class fighting men
within "a hours came from Charles
w. Mcdonald, veteran seabee who
took part in the Peleliu island en-
gagement.
upon leaving the ship the men
in my group were each given five
rounds of ammunition," Mcdonald
said. GAS our landing boat ap-
preached the beach, the officer in
charge, 1t. Arzie C. Hall, saw the
amount of enemy fire and ordered us
back to the ship.
eve went back and loaded up
with every weapon available and as
much ammunition as we could car
ry," he continued. $50 when we hit
the beach, we were prepared"
Mcdonald, a motor machinist's
mate, second class, Of Akron, O..
said the fire was extremely heavy
and an ammunition truck driver was
killed. He identified Charles E
Wordlow, Jeffersontown, KY, sea.
man first class, as the driver who
took over the wheel and got the
ammunition through.
He said the seabees responded te
a call for volunteers when the Japs
barrage pushed the marines to the
edge Of the water. That night they
fought side by side with the famed
first marine division. The seabee.
had been trained as noncombatan
unit and were to be used by tn,
navy to deliver ammunition and bea1
litters.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-03-15
DETROIT Is SCENE OF UPRISING
YOUTH EMPHASIS
STRESSED BY CHURCH

A youth-emphasis week end to
open National Family Week in
Christian churches will be spon-
sored May 3-6 by the executive di-
vision Of the high school group of
the youth control of the Church Fed
GRAFTON of Dayton and Montgomery
County.
A committee composed of Miss
Marcella Prugh Of the children's
committee and G. w. Sherard of the
leadership training, Mrs. H. B. Shell
labarger of the women's division
Earl Henry of the Adult educational
division and Mrs. Jane Hudson Root
of the youth work committee will
meet at 1880 pm. tonight to make
arrangements.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-03-15
Is NEGRO NURSES STAFF
CALIFORNIA HOSPITAL

CAMP BEALE, Calf, Mar. Is
(ANP)-Headed by Capt. Della H.
Raney, one of only three Negro
nurses holding this rank, 25 Negro
nurses now compose the entire nurs-
ing staff Of the station hospital at
Camp Beale. Capt. Raney's staff of
one first lieutenant and % second
lieutenants from states Of the south
and east was transferred here from
Fort Huachuca, Ariz.
~ have only the highest praise for
Capt. Raney and this fine group of
nurses" states Col. C. w. Comfort,
Jr., Beale post surgeon. "They are
doing excellent work here in caring
for our patients and show results Of
thorough training"
Although Negroes are stationed
at Camp Beale with the army serv-
ice force personnel replacement
depot, work at the station hospital
is with all races. Only a small per-
centage Of the hospital patients are
Negro.
Capt. Raney has the distinction of
being the first Negro nurse to report
for duty in World War II. When she
Joined the service she was serving as
operating room supervisor in the
Lincoln hospital, Durham, NC,
from which she had graduated.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-03-15
DETROIT VOTES $4,000
TO INTERRA(E GROUP

DETROIT, Mar. Is (ANP)-Aft-
er much pickering, cross questioning
and sarcastic retorts the city coun-
Gil has voted for an appropriation
of $4,000 to carry on the work of
the mayors interracial committee
for another year but it has taken
under advisement the proposal for
an ALLEGATION of $4,000 for educa-
tional purposes which, according to
the committee, would be the most
advanced step toward the develop
ment of racial tolerance, under
standing and good will ever at
tempted here.
The function of the interracial
committee was to locate the sources
of racial friction, diagnose them and
to offer corrective methods so at to
prevent a repeat Of what happened
here in June, 1943. Its program calls
for improved Hospital facilities as
we'll as housing;th education de-
signed to improve the att udes of
the citizens both white and Negro,
and improved public services af-
fecting racial relations. The tom-
mittee feels that it is the city, OBJ
legation to educate it's citizens along
the lines of tolerance and good cit
izenship. The $5O,0OO appropriation
would be spent for newspaper and
radio publicity.
While these propositions have
been presented several times be-
fore, the council would take no ac-
tion until definite report was pre-
sented. 1t has brought out that the
report had been made to Mayor JEFF
fries who had never presented it to
council. 1t is believed now that the
! money will be forthcoming.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-03-15
Whites Storm Detroit
CitY Hall To Protest
Negro Housing Project

DETROIT, Mar. Is (ANP)-
Nearly 5000 white citizens gave
clear demonstration of their ideas
of how American democracy works
when they jammed themselves into
the common council chambers, over
flowed the corridors and crowded
the steps of the city hall here in
mass protest against the proposed
building of a housing project for
Negroes in the Oakwood section of
this city. The much needed project
had the endorsement and recon-
mendation of the local housing COM
mission, the Victory council and the
Citizens housing and planning COM
mission. This proposal was just one
among a great number which after
having been carefully surveyed and
presented to the council, was re-
jected.
Many stores and business places
in the Oakwood district closed their
doors Friday in order to allow their
employees time off along with others
to swell the protesting mob. And
while the crowd was orderly it took
both the police and firemen to dis
perse them from the Railways for the
sake of safety. --
Negro leaders had previously ad-
vised Of the expediency of retaliat-
ing in numbers, consequently there
were only a few on hand.
AS the housing situation grows
more and more acute, the health and
welfare Of the community endan-
gered, racial tension more intensi-
fed, the farther away from the
solving of the problem the local
authorities seem to get.
| 1t all goes back to the long drawn
out controversy as to what to do
Continued on page ~
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-03-15
Wallace Funeral
To Be Held Tomorrow

Funeral services for Eliza Wal
lace, sc, of 1746 Germantown
street, will be held at pm. tomor-
row at the Loritt's Funeral home,
638 West Fifth street. Rev. Law
renee Mcneil will officiate with
burial in Greencastle cemetery.
Surviving the deceased are a
daughter, Mrs. Mary Farrell of
Waterbury, Conn.,; three brothers,
George and Lewis Robertson, Of Gin
cinnati, and Charles Robertson of
Springfield; and two grandchildren.
Friends may call at the funeral
home after pm. today.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-03-15
LABORVEWS
By GEORGE F. McCRAY

NEW YORK ENDORSES FEPC
The overwhelming vote by which
the New York state legislature
passed the states fair employment
practices act is a great victory for
the alliance between Negro people
and organized labor. 1t was equally
a victory for the liberal and pro-
gressive citizens of the state Of New
York. And by the manner in which
he handled the fight over the bill,
Gov. Dewey showed he is not yet
ready to be put away in political
moth balls.
AFL and CIO unions rallied broad
support for the bill thus lifting it
out Of the fog where some tried to
misrepresent it as purely Negro
Jewish issue. This New York FEPC
Bill as it rests on Gov. Dewey's desk
is good, but not because it will pun
ish, fine and imprison lot of en-
ployers for indulging in racial, re-
ligious and nationality discrimina-
ton. For the most part prosecution
will be practically impossible to
prove discrimination on the basis of
race, religion or national origin. For
employers are still free to establish
what other qualifications for en-
ployment they desire.
1t is doubtful whether Negroes
themselves will want to see large
groups Of employers fined and
thrown into the iclink. The reaction
would certainly harm race relations
even in New York. Many sections
Of that state are not as far removed
emotionally from Mississippi on
matters concerning the race issue as
many people seem to think. If this
seems cynical, look at the Negroes
in the state of Illinois for example
The state has one of the most dras-
tic civil rights laws of any state in
the union, but very few Negroes take
advantage of this law which en-
ables them to sue proprietors OF
Hotels, Restaurants and other pub
lie service establishments for dis.
Continued on page A.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-03-15
jim CROW LOOMS
AT CAPITAL AIRPORT

WASHINGTON, Mar. Is (ANP)
Jim Grow, Virginia style, will be
dished up at the big Washington air
port if congress adopts the recon-
mendation of the Washington COM
missioners who have voted a rec
commentator that the entire air.
port be under the jurisdiction of
Virginia.
Although the national airport
was built to serve the district which
needed more space than it had in
the old Washington airport, it has
been bone of contention since most
Of the land was raised from the bot
tom Of the Potomac.
Negroes in and out Of Washing
ton long had enjoyed all facilities
offered at Union station without dis
criminatory practices, but with the
advent of the new bus terminal at
11th and New York avenue, the
Greyhound lines inaugurated sepa-
ration in eating facilities which
Washingtonians meekly accepted.
The airport is following the same
custom in spite of several fights
which have been handled IS individ-
uals against the jim crovss olicy FOL
lowed. The officials at the airport
always pointed out to Negroes that
they were in Virginia, subsequently
they had to obey "local laws" even
on federal property.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-03-15
FEP( HEARINGS
UNDERWAY IN
MASS. LEGISLATURE

BOSTON, Mar. Is (ANP)-The
Gardner auditorium at the Massa-
chusetts State house was jammed
to capacity Wednesday when the
hearings on the seven state FEPC
bills before the general court got
underway. The first speaker was
Judge A. K. Cohen, who spoke on
behalf of the governors committee
for racial and religious understand
ing, giving the committees approx
al. Cohen highly praised the recent
ly passed Ives-Quinn anti-bias bill
in New York as a model which the
Bay State could follow in adopting
tie fairest kind of legislation.
Other speakers who favored the
passage of the FEPC bill were Sen.
Charles /. Taylor of Boston; Rep.
Joseph B. Harrington of Salem; the
Rev. John S. Section, editor Of the
Pilot, who represented Archbishop
Richard j. Cushing; the Rev. Henry
Knox. Sheriff., Protestant Episco-
pal bishop of Massachusetts; the
Revs. David L. Ferguson and Ken
meth Dep. Hughes; Joseph A. Sa-
lerno, president Of the Massachu-
setts CIO; Prof. c.: Iayette Taylor
of NIT; Rabbi Joshua L. Lehman OF
Temple Israel; and Bishop Lee Hart
man of the Methodist church.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-09-27
DiSSolving Aluminium
By Peter EdSOm

ard companies was 569 million-three and half times greater than in 1911. The number of companies had been reduced from 43 to 20. Some had gone out of business Others absorbed by competing Shel Sinclair and Cities Service groups.
 By 1e43-which was the last time anybody in the Department of Justice took the trouble to add up the figures-the number of companies had been re- duced to 25 Their combined capital stock was 4I00O million dollars This about eight times greater than the 1880 figure and 2S times greater than in 1911. eL f.
 TOday's total would be even greater. Some of the dissolved Standard companies are bigger than the original Standard oil of New Jersey which the court dissolved" in 1911.
 As the capitalization of the entire U. s. oil indus companies with total capitalization of less than five billion represent about third of the industry The 1929 report of the Congressional Temporary National Economic Committee estimated that the Rockefeller holdings in the bigger companies ran from 24 to 36 per cent This included stock held by members of the Rockefeller family, their trusts and Foundations This is not considered monopoly.
 The Aluminium Company's setup Is, of course dif- ferent from Standards and in that difference Alcoa does have some valid objections to dissolution.
 Any unfair division of plants might destroy prop erty values worth millions of dollars Dividing Alcoas stock might also develop losses Stock ownership is not as wide as in some other big corporations. Alcoa has $500 common stockholders, $500 pre- ferred Tn round numbers their 10 million shares have
 valuation of 500 million dollars Forty cent of this stock owned by iT stockholders as of 0l
 The tax problem in dissolution Is involved that only few people can begin to understand it. and 1t would probably take years of court action to straight
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-09-27


 would be needed Gen. Eisenhower has been extremely cooperative in answering War Department estimates sent all kinds of messages to MacArthur as to the number of men he would require, without getting peep He simply ignored War Department inquiries
 Then suddenly, out of the clear blue, came Mac Arthurs statement to the press, without consulting anyone, that he would need 100000 men. Meanwhile he had failed to answer Washington queries not only regarding the size of his army but the length of time he would need army.
 That was why Under Secretary Acheson, on di- rect orders from the White House, issued his state- ment that 1t was not MacArthur's job to formulate policy.
 Note-What some administration advisers figure is that MacArthur wants to get pushed into posi- tion where he resign, put up the cry of perse- cuted martyr and be free to run for President.
 Men around the White House have been almost breaking their necks to make the public feel the new President is politically non-partisan. But now and then Truman tips his init to the fact that he does have political enemies
 One such occasion the other day when Truman received genial politically astute Willkie- Republican Mit Poland of Wisconsin ..
 "Mr President" Poland opened up, you've seen Dewey Hoover and Landon, but guess I'm the first Wllkie- Republican to drop in and pay my respects"
 Truman said he was delighted to see Poland and confided that he had lot of respect for the late
 q remember just how wikie always used to refer to Tom Dewey" Poland continued "Ee used to call him that little mustached son of a -"
 well, that about describes him." replied Truman grinning broadly.
 Poland told Truman how he and few other Willkie- Republicans are determined to make fight for liberalism in COP ranks.
 "We're especially anxious to that men like Nye and Ham Fish get back into Congress" Poland said. We're also after guys like shipsteads scalps"
 'That's swell" replied Truman T hope you con- tnue to fight them. They deserve to be licked again and again."
 Note-Polland didn't discuss 1t with Truman, but he hopes to convene of Willkie's former close associates including Russell Davenport Lem Jones, Sen. Ball and Bart Crum in order to set up pro-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-09-27
Voice Of Experience

If Recommended reading for every American who has
 inc opportunity is the farewell statement made recently hv Henry L. Stson as retired at the age of 78 years from the position of Secretary of War he had occupied with distinction since 1940. The message is one which likely will take its place among the nations important state documents and assuredy will be quoted extenslVe kO furture generations.
 Certainly his statement is one to ponder the na- kon and the world attempt to chart their course into the most uncertain future confronted by mankind Nr StinSon made suggestions which should not ana can
 not be ignored by thinking people who are deSperately anxious to navigate reacherous waters ahead without catastrophe ,
 The retiring secretary urged in substance that the United States remain strong in military sense WnAe ergy are sure to be revolutionary he warned We must not make early and easy assumptions that the days ot arries and naves are over Continuing, he cautioned se can be if should come again that 1t would allow ourselves to be caught in state of complete un- readiness"
 Thus he urged that the United States must be pre- pared for whatever the future may hold. At the same tonshps with other nations. Thus: "The second 1ac- tor he first factor being preparedneSS necessary Co preserve leadership in attitude of trust ana tranK mess on part toward all nations working for coectVe security Cynicism and suspicion on our part can only breed like response among those we suspect
 fuN and frank attitude of trust by our government will strongly tend to lead to like attitude on the part o all members of the brotherhood of nations"
 No thinking American require convincing as to the wisdom of Mr. Smsons advice concerning prepared axsss Everyone knows that twice within a generation the United States been able to prepare for war De- cause allies held the enemy from our shores avery
 might come when an unprepared United States might be forced suddenly into lifeand-death war without oeg given opportunity to get ready Indeed, Mr. SCmsons farewell statement is to ponder. may represent he has rendered during his years of outstanding official service.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-09-27

several manltacturlng competltoFs WltIl cUHparapV equal resources.
 In forming these companies, the idea would be to supplement Acoas existing privately owned plants with government owned facilities These are the pawns which the government must use in playing this dis solution game. What the government is primarily interested in is dsposng of its 67O million dollars worth of surplus plants.
 Atty. Gen. Tom Clark's recommendation to Con- gress that Acoa be dissolved to create greater com petition within the industry has interesting parallel in what happened to the Standard oil Company when the court ordered 1t dissolved in 19ll Many people argue today that this was the kindest punishment" the Rockefeers got For, after the dissolution the Standard oil companies grew and grew and grew
 In 1911 the parent Rockefeller company, Standard oil of New Jersey 90 million dollar corporation This company owned the capital stock of A industries Capitalization of all 43 164 million dollars in round numbers.
 By 1880 the capital stock of the dissolved" Stand
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-09-27

merly an investigator for the famed Truman com mittee. They did their best, but the unavoidable delays of getting into print took something away from them an occupational hazard to any practi- toner who gets himself jockeyeo into the position of writing, neck and neck with the news.
 The average reader will find it a pale but pleas ant picture of a colorless country boy who led colorless life, who grew up fought war, and failed in business. It IS story of man, who, because he was out of work and because he had good name in his district decided to try his luck at politics, of how he won, and of how then he merely moved democracy until he found himself in the highest office in the land the most important in all the world of his time The average reader Will see In the story hope and inspiration for every other country boy
 Close to the target is the chapter on the Chicago convention of l944, at which Truman was nominated to succeed Wallace as the Democratic presidential candidate. The manpulations that by-passed and deeply wounded Messrs. Wallace. Byrnes and Bark ley, and the mysterious messages supposed to have passed between President Roosevelt and RingmaSter Bob Hannegan were the hottest news of the time.
 According to, this book, Truman knew he had a chance for the nomination but he didn't want it. was to be United States Senator from Missouri. The book says FDE quietly. but definitely, turned thumbs down on Wallace after one of the Presiden- tial secretaries returned from trip through the South and Middle West and reported the South ready to bolt if Henry Wallace went on the ticket.
 Trumans original man for the job was Speaker sam Rayburn, and he went on public record to that Rayburn telephorsd from Texas and said the split in the Democratic party n Texas made 1t impossible and impractical for him to seek the nomination
 Truman then, says the book switched Co James Y. Byrnes Hearing that Bob Hannegan, his fellow Mlssourian WIS actively promoting him, Truman. @