davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily monitor leader., 1945-03-20
BY ROSELLEN CALLAHAN
NEA Staff Correspondent


NEW YORK-Dean Virginia
c. Gildersleeve of Barnard Col
lege, the only woman delegate to
the San Francisco conference in
April, has been preparing for
% years to help formulate the
framework for a permanent
peace.
Il hope I am being appointed
not as a woman but as an expert
on international affairs" she
says. 1t has always been her
policy TO accept an appointment
only if it is offered to her be-
cause of merit and carries with 1t
the weight of authority.
Because of this conviction,
Miss Gildersleeves at first refus-
ed the deanship at Barnard. She
preferred the scholarly life of a
teacher TO the executive career
of a dean, and was willing to
sacrifice it only if as dean she
was given real power.
She won her point six months
later, and in the "a years that
followed her appointment she
made use of the power to pion-
Ger in improved educational
methods which won for her
reputation as a modernist in her
field, and for Barnard a high
scholastic standing.
She introduced a program OF
exchange students, the inclusion
of politics, economics, law and
medicine (unheard of subjects
for girls during her college
years.. She inaugurated an In
terna',onal Studies course in
which each student majors in
the language, political science,
industry and culture Of one
country.
Miss Gildersleeve, Ph. D., a
Lit. d., and an LII. D., has long
pumped for recognition of wo-
mems ability in business, poll
tics and science. On the other
hand, she insists that women
must be made to share the re-
Sponsibility of the state equally
with men, and that they must
learn TO sacrifice their careers
TO the war program as ruthless
ly as men are sacrificing their
lives.
She has followed this credo in
her own career, giving up her
plans for life devoted TO spe-
cializing in English literature,
studying archaeology and spend
ing her summers exploring, for
an action-packed three decades
of public service.
The daughter of Henry A. Gil
dersleeve, judge of the New
York State Supreme Court, Miss
Gildersleeve says she would
have liked a law career If she
hadn't been a woman. This bent
was fortunately diverted to in
ternational activities which have
made her an acknowledged lead
The daily monitor leader., 1945-03-20
. BARBS

a study of fishing tackle CELL
ings has. been postponed by the
OPA. Leaving us in doubt as
TO whether fish or fishermen are
10 be caught.
American girls have tried
them all, but the best finishing
school remains matrimony.
Now Is your chance to play a
part in big business - the ma
tion's biggest Buy War Bonds!
One of the main moves for
peace will be TO talk the Jap's
and Germans arms off-for all
time to come.
The daily monitor leader., 1945-03-20
. FLASHES
or
LIFE .
HOWDY OFFICER

HOWDY OFFICER
GRAND ISL A N d, Nebr.,
March 20-(R-Cpl. A. jerks Of
the Grand Island Army Air
Field passes officers without
giving them the customary SAL
ute-but he's got a ready ex-
planation il there's any question
ing.
He carries a written excuse
which explains that he shouldn't
salute because of an operation
on his right arm.
PERSONAL BUSINESS
CHICAGO, March 20-(F-
The city of Chicago got blamed
by thousands for personal in
juries in 1914 but less than eight
per cent of the approximately
five million dollars sought was
paid out.
Corporation Counsel Barnet
Hodes said of the S4,931, ,468
sought in personal injury suits
against the city last year, $307,-
321 was paid. He credited the
city's law department with saw
ing taxpayers a total Of $4,624,-
lat on the suits.
PREDICAMENT
HELENA, Mont, March 90
R-Policeman Ben Lordeman
received this call at headquar.
ters.
II can't find my wife. She was
IN your custody last night and !
am leaving tomorrow for the
army. I want to find out what
to do with the baby for, as you
know, you can't take It with
you.'"
The daily monitor leader., 1945-03-20

Bowl: "Of courseehe loves her
didn't he give her whole pack
age of cigarets?" Tony Ro-
mano, on tour with Bob Hope,
is mixing ali film offers, prefer
ring 10 remain on the comedians S
payroll. Climbing a rope for
d scene in Captain Kidd Ran
dolph Scott was kicked in the
face by a stunt man. He must
be a prod ducer," commented
Scott, kicking me in the face
on my way up"
The daily monitor leader., 1945-03-20
Q IN HOLLYWOOD

husband. Bill sidled over and
whispered, Don't look now, dar-
ling, but your motives are show
ing Sherman Billingsley,
of New York's Stork Club and
his nephew, Glenn Billingsley,
are feuding over the latters use
Of the Billingsley name for a
Hollywood cafe. Glenn told
Sherman: Il can't help if my
father is your brother"
Overheard at the Biltmore
The daily monitor leader., 1945-03-20
MCKINNEY ON
BRIDGE
BY WILLIAM e. MCKINNEY
Americas Card Authority

The Mayfair Bridge Club Is
keenly interested in the Leagues
fight against cancer in children.
Their loyalty to this cause was
well demonstrated in their an
nual party for the Children's
Fund when they raised more
than $4,000.
The duplicate attracted many
of the cities experts and il was
The daily monitor leader., 1945-03-20
WHY DON'T THEY QUIT?

WHY don't they give up9" That question: is be-
ina heard more and more often the inevitable
junction of Allied and Russian armies in 0ermony
approaches And there is no logical answer
: The Germans should give up, for the honorable
and humane reasons thot General Eisenhower out
lined to German commanders lost week. The re-
sponsibiIty for the outcome Of the no longer
rests with the German officers" the general sold in
his broadcast appeal But the responsibility TOR MS
men still remoins.
No one probably the Germans least Of oil, ex-
:pects the Noz eoders to surrender But why not the
German officers9 They did not need General Esen-
mowers reminder Of their predconent. They know
:it-the Allies at the Rhine and Ruhr the Red Army
before Berlin the industrial regions Of Upper Silesio
;Eost Prussia and Posen, with ports Of Soxony, Bron-
sdenburg and Pomeronio, in Russion hands.
But they are giving up in wholesale lots. They ore
fighting !ong os thercon ond rhen. or least m the
west escaping through the narrowing exit Of troP
They are adept at this trick 1t saved the Germans in
:SicIy, in France lost summer, in the Belgian Bulge
;ond recently above Cologne. 1t will probably save
them again.
But an even smaller force will escape to fight an
:other doy And one Of these days there will be no
!ploce left to 60 They know this So why don't they
give up-the officers and men who risk and spend
their lives now only to give their eoders few more
There is, os we soid, no logical answer. Neither
lis there any evidence that the German army navy
is baking at obeyne the orders for national suicide
The Wehrmocht still fights fiercey and we'll in |toly
Once again the Luftwoffe is in the skies London
and with it is new flying bomb Of ereoter weight
land longer range.
| The submarine war continues from bases in Nor
way thot ore still strong and we'll eorrsoned And
there is no word from the underground Of mutny or
significant unrest in these outlying posts.
Whot keeps the Germans fighting this lost war?
1t is obvious why the orders for survival are given.
But why ore they obeyed, all down the line?
/ Perhaps the answer can be found in on order
some months oeo which permits German soldiers to
shoot on officer who suggests surrender. This might
account for the officers reluctance As for the men,
there still HnnnIer with his Gestopo and his cord
files and his threots Of reprsoI against fomilies Of
weokwilIed soldiers. And there is olso the fonoticol
Hitler Youth scattered through the ranks.
So perhaps the answer to the German soldiers
resistance is feor much feor Of the enemy
portwor vengeance as feor Of one another And
somehow it doesn't to portend sudden collapse
and surrender. 9
The daily monitor leader., 1945-03-20
By ERSKINE JOHNSON
NEA Staff Correspondent

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
LY YOURS: Opera star LaHritz
Melchior will sing several bar
room ditties in the new MIG NJ
movie, Two Sisters From BoS-
ton," with Jimmy Durante sing
ing opera in the same flicker
Judy Garland and Director
Vincent Mlnnelli have moved
their wedding date up from fall
to late summer r.. =. Comic Rags
Ragland. who can't pass sea-
food restaurant without getting
seasick, will play hard-boiled
torpedo boat sailor in They
Were Expendable.' Gloria
Nord, the roller skating champ,
is being screen tested at goth
Century-Fox. Shirley Tenn
pie asked for, and received, two
Gays off from the Kiss and
Tell set-to cram for school
exams.
Bud Abbott and Lou Costello,
active in the juvenile delinquen-
cy fight, made an air appeal for
youngsters not TO be bad boys. >
They pointed out that the perfect
crime is impossible One Of their
listeners took ksue. He wrote:
I've figured out some perfect
crimes only I got to figure out
how to get the hell out of here
first" The address was San
Quentin prison.
TURHAN OBSERVES
Watching Lana Turner walk
into Ciro's, Fred Brady COM
mented: IF her gown was cut
any lower she'd be barefooted. .
. Turhan Bey, by the way, is
a constant visitor on the Week
end at the Waldorf" set-watch-
ing Van Johnson make love 20
Lana. Several major studios
are bidding for Producer Lester
Cutters -Four Freedoms"
Sonny Tufts just completed work
in eight new movies-The Vir-
ginian, Here Comes the Waves,
l Love a Soldier, Bring on the
Girls, Miss Susie Slagle, Duffy
Tavern, Too Good 10 Be True
and The Well-Groomed Bride
Other day Vince Barnett passed
him on the boulevard and yelled,
"Hey, Sonny. saw picture
last night you weren't in
At a party Bill Goodwin
watched an actress flirt con-
spicuously with another man 20
attract the attention Of her ex-
The daily monitor leader., 1945-03-20

range OF o,OUO yardS or ZO
miles. Use of the V-type flying
bomb at distances under its pre-
sent maximum range of around
200 miles is therefore a highly
desirable development. But to
appreciate it's full significance
a clear distinction must be made
between rockets, artillery and
robot or flying bombs.
The robot Is neither rocket,
nor is it artillery, nor is it an
airplane, but a combination of
all three. II has wings like an
airplane and jet-propulsion
engine which flies it at speeds
up to 400 miles an hour. The
rocket has no engine but, like a
rocket, the robot bomb must
carry its own fuel load right
along with it. Robots must be
launched from long. fixed-po-
sition ramp. Since this ramp
cannot easily be changed to
point in varying directions, the
robot bomb cannot be carefully
aimed like artillery at a variety
Of targets in the same area. II
the Japs are now using a rocket
that is fired from a mortar, as
indicated by recent dispatches
from Two Jima, they may have
something new.
The limits of range on a fly
ing bomb are in the amount of
fuel the robot can carry behind
its explosive head. AS used by
the Germans against England,
the robots kept on flying till
they ran out of fuel, then crash
ed and exploded.
In using robots for ranges be-
yond the 20-mile limit of artill-
cry, but less than their own
200-mile maximum, the Ger
mans are apparently putting in
only enough fuel to fly the
bomb the desired distance. Nat
urally, they're not doing very
accurate, shooting that way. >.
NEW CONTROLS NECESSARY
Future development of the ro-
bot bomb as long-range artillery
will therefore be dependent on
neW controls to govern their
flight more accurately. Such
aiming might be done in sew
eral ways:
l. Better horoscopes and au-
tomato pilots might be develop
ed to hold the flying bombs on
truer courses and drop the ex-
plosive head more accurately on
a wider selection of pre-deter-
mined targets.
2. Radio controls might be de-
veloped so that the robot bomb
could be guided into their tar
gets from observation planes or
control stations many miles
away.
5. New electronic devices
which have come out of this war
might be hooked up so that the
robot would literally fly itself
to designated point on a map.
Such controls are in all likeli-
hood weapons for the next war.
Their mere conc option Is
enough to indicate that in this
next war, areas far beyond the
nge of modern artillery will
be active zones of combat.
The rocket, like the robot
bomb, Is just in its infancy. For
ranges beyond the present 200
mile limit of the German vi
type Of flying bomb. the Ger
mans resort to the rocket princi-
pie for the w bomb. The Va
has no wings. no Jet engine. But
it carries its own rocket propel7
lent charge, is driven faster than
the $50 miles an hour which IL
the speed Of sound, sails into the
stratosphere above $4,000 feet
before 1t falls to earth at ranges
which may be upwards Of 400
miles from launching site to tar
get. That Is real long range ar
tillery II you choose to call It
that, but 80 inaccurate that II IL
almost useless except as . wea-
pom Of terror against great CEN
fore NJ non,ilation like the citv
The daily monitor leader., 1945-03-20
QUESTIONS
AND
ANSWERS .

mOSa mean!
A-Beautiful Island, a name
bestowed by early Spanish or
Portuguese navigators.
Q-How much of Germany is
forested?
A-27 per cent, 1927 census.
Regulated forestry in Germany
dates back to Charlemange.
Q-What is Mrs. Franklin D.
Roosevelt's first name?
A-Anna.
Q-What is another name for
Memelland, in the Baltic fight
ing zone?
A-Lithuania Minor.
Q-Have u. S. forces attacked
the Nansei (also Loochoo) Is
lands?
A-Definitely. We know them
as the Ryukyu Islands. Nansei
and Loochoo are japanese names
for them.
Q-How m many sick and
wounded servicemen have been
evacuated from the fighting
fronts since September, 1912, by
plane?
A-The Army Air Fore e
transported 426, 900.
Q-What is holy stone, and
how did it get its name?
Alt Is a soft sandstone
block once used by sailors for
securing decks, so-called because
they were always on their knees
when using N.
Q-Are flying bombs equip
ped with radio directional de-
vices?
About one in 10 have such
equipment.
Q-What member Of British
royalty died during the course
of the war in q plane crash?
All. r. H. the Duke Of Kent,
brother of King George vi. He
was killed in 1912, en- route to
Iceland.
Q-For what do the middle
initials of Harry S. Truman and
the late Ramon S. Castillo, Ar
gentine ex-president stand?
A-Nothing.
Q-What President held office
after receiving the lowest num-
Der of Electoral College votes
among four candidates?
A-John Quincy Adams. Hen
yr Clay, one Of the candidates,
was removed from the race due
to failing health, and the House
of Representatives, settling the
election because no candidate
received q majority, gave Clay's
votes to Adams.
Q-What is the Chinese and
japanese name for Formosa?
A-Taiwan.
Q-What famous area lies in
the path of the American 3rd
Army?
A-Germany's Black Forest,
or Schwarzwald; the Schwarz-
wald Is both q forest and q
mountain range.
Evening star., 1945-02-16

ton. Accordingly, to do away with
its militarism, the engineers would:
Cd forbid Germany to produce syn
thetic oil or import petroleum
products beyond normal peacetime
needs; (2) take away rs per cent Of
its capacity to manufacture nitro
gen, chief ingredient Of explosives:
90 reduce its steel output potential
so per cent in plants readily con-
yertible to arms production, and (4)
remove its aircraft factories and let
it import only enough aluminium for
ordinary nonmilitary requirements.
BY enforcing any one of these
steps, according to the engineers, the
Allied powers could effectively check
a rebirth of German militarism and
could bury it altogether by enforcing
all of them. Such action, moreover,
would have only negligible economic
repercussions, since the six indus
tries involved - again according to
the engineers-employed less than 2
per cent of Germany's total labor
force before Hitler launched his
plans for conquest.
The Yalta statement does not ex-
plain how the victors will do the job,
but obviously it can be done without
anything like the lurid results con-
jured up by the Nazi lie factory
Evening star., 1945-02-16
Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
The Sea Coils
From the Philadelphia Record.

from the Fnliadelpnia Record
Four members Of the crew Of a Rus
sian ship have deserted because they
didn't want to go back to Russia, &C
cording to reports from Seattle.
Now here is the perfect chance for
American Communists and fellow
travellers to show how much they really
love Russia. If they aren't just talking,
they can go back where their ideas
came from and help Russia, too.
For one of the four volunteers, we
suggest Earl Browder, now president of
the Communist Political Association.
For another. Joseph Curran, draft-de-
ferred boss of the National Maritime
Union, who opposed all measures for
defense of America until Russia was
attacked by Germany.
We also expect to see rushing down
the gangplank with their seabags on
their shoulders Harry Bridges, whom
the Daily Worker in a mistaken burst
Of candor once called West Coast
Communist leader" and Congressman
Vito Marcantonio, faithful follower Of
the Communist party line.
There ought to be plenty to man
the ship. Maybe they can't qualify as
able-bodied seamen, but they will surely
be willing to sign on as cabin boys.
Only trouble is, we don't believe Stain
would let them ashore. He knows that
Americans, who cheer Russia's victories,
can't stand American Communists, and
that they hurt Russia's cause
Guess We'll have to keep 'em a while.
Evening star., 1945-02-16

Economic Determinism'
To the Editor Of The Star:
A prominent radio news commentator
has expressed the view that Henry A..
Wallace has chance to be approved
as the new Secretary of Commerce, for
the reason that many Senators know
that their votes against him would
mean their own defeat when next they
tried tor reelection.
In view of the fact that comparatively
minor business institutions in the busi-
ness Of selling Government surpluses
are willing to offer $2o,000-a-year jobs
for the nod of strategically placed Gov
eminent employees, it does seem well
within the possibilities that some of the
gigantic corporations interested in as
suring Mr.. Wallace's defeat might do as
well by legislators who suffer at the
polls because of their votes against Mr..
Wallace.
Big business may feel in this case that
its reward for having paid the fiddler
involved in the expenses involved in get
ting Senators elected might entitle them
to "cail the tune" with respect to SEN
ators' votes on issues Of major impor-
tance to them, such as having a
friendly judge" in the Department OF
Commerce. DOROTHY LINGELL.
Evening star., 1945-02-16
Not Curthuginion

AS was to be expected, the Goeb-
bells propaganda machine, in attack
ing the Crimea conference, is going
to hysterical lengths to convince the
German people-so as to frighten
them into frenzy of last ditch
resistance - that the Allied powers
intend to wipe out the industrial
Reich and doom the country to
Carthaginian peace. in the manner
suggested some time ago by the So
called Morgenthau plan.
It remains to be seen whether this
sort of propaganda will carry much
weight with the masses of Germany,
but whether it does or not, there is
an answer to 1.-THE simple answer
that in carrying out their decision to
eliminate or control all German in
dustry that could be used for mill
tary production" the victor powers
can do so without depriving the Ger
man people of their means of liveli-
hood or reducing them strictly to a
nation of farmers.
In the first place, as was made
clear at Yalta, it is not the purpose
of the Allies to destroy the German
people. In the second place, owing to
its geography and natural resources,
the territory of Germany is more
adapted to large-scale industry than
any other country in Western Europe,
and since that industry (now badly
batteredD is important to the con-
tinent as whole, Russia, Britain
and the United States are not likely
to erase it permanently when to do
SO might gravely injure the general
European economy. And finally, be-
cause the basic war-making poten-
tial of the Germans depends on only
relatively few types of production,
there is more than a little reason to
believe that the victors will "elimi-
nate or control" it in such way as
to avoid vast program of deindus-
trialization that would cause long
term depression not merely in the
defeated Reich but throughout
Europe.
Actually, according to joint
statement made a few months ago
by the presidents of five great Amer
lean engineering societies, Germany's
ability to wage war can be ended
with surprisingly little economic dis
location. Thus, there are six indus
tries most essential for German mill
tary purposes and least essential for
German civilian needs. These are:
Cd synthetic gasoline, (2) explosives,
(3) airplaneS. (4) aluminium and
magnesium, (5) high-alloy and elec-
trolytic steels, and CO. nitrogen fxa-
Evening star., 1945-02-16
The Lost Struw?

Judge Yinson, as director Of eco
nomic sterilization, has ordered the
War Production Board to withhold
priorities from a Brooklyn manufac-
turer who refused to obey a War
Labor Board directive.
To all intents and purposes, this
means that the manufacturer, who
makes airplane accessories, must
obey the WLB directive or go out of
business. The authority to do this
comes to Judge Vinson through an
executive order and it is understood
that this is the first time this par
ticular sanction has been used. Judge
Vinson seems frankly to hope it will
be the last. For in announcing what
he has done. he makes another plea
for legislation (which would provide
for penalties enforceable by the judi
ciary for noncompliance with War
Labor Board orders"
Assuredly there should be such
legislation, not merely to enforce
War Labor Board decisions but to
restore to American citizens the
basic rights they have lost under our
improvised machinery for dealing
with labor disputes. This machinery
does not attempt equal justice under
law. 1t deals out one-sided Justice
under executive decree. The Brook
lyn manufacturer may have been as
wrong as wrong can be. But II he
was wrong, the measure of his con-
duet should have been the law and
the law should have been interpreted
by the courts.
AS a former member of the Fed
eral judiciary himself, it must have
panied Judge Vinson to invoke a
sanction which contains the most
serious implications to any citizen
depending on Government ALLEGATION
OF essential materials. 1t is to be
hoped that it was invoked with as
much hope of convincing Congress of
the need to intervene as with the
desire to deal with a recalcitrant
employer.