davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-11-18
Remember Pearl Hurbor

Four years lacking month after
the japanese launched their sneak at
tack on Pearl Harbor, Congress pried
the lid off one of the nations TOP
military secrets and began to dip into
the reasons for Americas most dis
astrous defeat at arms.
There had been other investigations
of the debacle by a Supreme Court
Justice and by service commissions.
Rear Adm. Husband E. Kimmel and
Maj. Gen. Walter c. Short, Navy and
Army commanders at the Hawaiian
base, had been branded responsible.
But Congress, particularly Republican
Congressman, wanted no sacrifcial
goats.
Whether the Congressional probe
would be conducted sensibly on the
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-11-18

m this critical bottleneck and the
creation of at least temporary housing
facilities until the bottleneck could
be broken.
Hardest hit and most vociferous
group of DIRECTORS were the dis
charged servicemen and their fami-
lies Individually and collectively
they took steps to dramatic their
plight. In Los Angeles, Marine
moved his family into pup tent in
downtown park and in New York
Purple Heart veteran hung sign
welcome home to the streets" on his
furniture evicted from an apartment.
Demand For Navy Quarters
In the Bronx where Waves vacated
$50 apartments near Hunter College,
80 many thousands of veterans
stormed a registration center that
rental applications were limited on
the first day to disabled servicemen
who appeared in person. Occupancy
Of those quarters will not be available
until Januar--- l.
Housing will be one of the chief
items on the agenda of the American
Legion convention opening in Chi
cage. In New York, Franklin D.
Roosevelt, Jr., son of the late Presi-
dent conferred with Mayor LaGuar-
dia as housing chairman of the Amer
lean Veterans Committee. Roosevelt
obtained the mayors aid in a cam
paign for state legislation permitting
owners of one and two-family brick
houses to convert cellars and attics
into living quarters to be rented.
Mills Grind Slowly
The national legislative mills grind
slowly. Congress and the President
had yet to appoint a housing "czar"
although both had talked long about
the advisability of national head to
handle housing problems.
The Senate Banking Committee
drafted bill offering inducements to
private builders to construct homes
costing $4,000 or less. The bill would
authorize federal guarantees of mort
cages up to 95 per cent of the a D.
praised value of low-cost homes, at
dh interest not to exceed four per
cenE and with amortization extending
up to % years.
Rep, Patman (D-Tex.) declared
.nat veterans, alone, need 100000
MONIES MONIES but the building industry can
only construct 100000 during the next
Desplte this, Patman charged, big
speculative builders were making
Ailllhg IN the uncontrolled real estate
a mafket by putting up high-priced,
Ssh.proht homes costing $4,000
nd up.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-11-18
Quotes

Ernest Bevin, British foreign
secretary: ''The problem of Jews
and Arabs in Palestine must be
settled by discussion and concili-
alton. There can be no question
of allowing an issue to be forced
by conflict"
Henry Wallace, Commerce Sec
rotary: eve must not only use our
great economic power to aid
other nations in the abandon
ment of restrictive trade controls,
but we must also reduce our bar
riers to trade (for) our own best
interests as well as that of other
nations"
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-11-18

Kiefer, known to
millions as Cap
tain Dixie" in the
documentary film
Fighting Lady,"
The finding of
his battered, torn
body in the crash
of a Navy plane
on Mount Beacon,
N. Y, recalled the
tragic deaths of
1t. Col. B oy d
(Buzz) w a G n e r
and Maj. Richard
Bong. w ener.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-11-18
UNOAnd
The Atom
ELEMENT ATTLEE. bal,

ELEMENT ATTLEE, bald,
~ spare, scholarly Prime Min
lister, was no phrase maker like
the incompatible Winston Church.
Ill but in a quiet way he made as
favorable an impression in his
first official visit to the us. as did
the Kings doughty World War II
First Minister. Before a joint session
of Congress, he drove home his points
with solid, dependable Churchillian
logic if not with a Churchillian flair.
Attlee declared that his Labor
Party, which unseated the Conserva-
tives in the recent election, was not
radical but interested solely in assur-
ing the common man fair deal"
Although he mentioned atomic power
only once directly, its theme ran
through his address.
"Mightiest Power On Earth"
He paid tribute to the U. S. as the
"mightiest power on EARTH" yet de-
clared that America was a threat to
no one.
"Our United Nations Organization,
in which I profoundly believe" Attlee
said, must be something more than
an agreement between governments.
It must be an expression of the will
of the common people in every coun-
try"
That philosophy dominated Attlee's
approach to the question of the atomic
hNr,h for. which hn ornccod tho At.
lantic to confer with President Tru-
man and Canada's Prime Minister
Mackenzie King. In talks which began
Sunday aboard the Presidents yacht
on the Potomac and continued in the
White House, Attlee repeatedly won
Mr.. Truman over from his conviction
that the atomic bomb should be out
lawed as military weapon.
American Censorship
Secrecy which cioaked the Big
Three conferences at Teheran and
Potsdam was intensified by the U. S.
State Department at the atomic con-
ference on American soil. In contrast
to the British, who made Attlee's posi-
ton clear to the press in the day-to-
day discussions, the White House
claimed it was "honor bound" not to
talk before issuance of the formal
conmunique.
Early reports of the conference
progress stemmed, therefore, from
British diplomatic sources.
Banning the atomic bomb would be
. impossible, Attlee argued, since ma
ton at war fighting for its very exist
ence would break every rule in the
book.
He pointed out that principles of
the United Nations charter had not
been altered by discovery of atomic
energy and that since other great dis.
coveries would be made in the future,
all scientific advances with a military
potential, should be pooled through
the United Nations security council.
1t was accepted policy that the UNC
must be strengthened and granted re-
sponsibilities if it were to be at all
effective, he declared.
Move For Amity
Before any lasting Roadway toward
world peace could be made, Attlee
said, Soviet fear and suspicion of the
western Allies had to be cleared away.
What better way, he asked, was there
than by pooling atomic knowledge
through the UNO, providing Russia
would in turn dissipate Anglo-Ameri.
can suspicious of Soviet detectives.
Substantial agreement on interna-
tional control of the atomic bomb re-
portedly was reached verbally early
in the discussions but the work of
drafting a communique on which all
could agree took considerable time.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-11-18

(All Rights Reserved. APP Ne,usteatures)
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-11-18
Home Sweet Home Gets
Bearer And Bearer

OF rconversion problems confronting the nation
the toughest and most pressing housing It prob
lem affecting practically every village and hamlet from
coast particularly acute in larger cities and industrial
And would authorities agreed before could get better
This concerted howl went up from the public for action
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-11-18
People
Taps For Dixie

The fate of many another hero
whose life seemed charmed in combat
caught up with Commodore Dixie
Evening star., 1945-04-04
vinson Is Confirmed
For Byrnes' Post

The Senate today unanimously
confirmed the appointment of Fed
eral Loan Administrator Fred M
Vinson to be Director of War Mo-
bilization and Reconversion, sue
ceeding James F. Byrnes
The Senate acted at the request
of Majority Leader Barkley within
an hour after the Finance Commit
tee had recommended Mr. Vinson
favorably and without the days de-
lay that is customary on such nomi-
nations.
Mr.. Vinson was questioned for
nearly an hour by the committee,
discussing among other things the
report on reconversion activities is
sued last week end by the retiring
director.
Senators George and Lucas, Demo-
Gratis, of Illinois, quoted Mr.. Vinson
as expressing general agreement
with the terms of the Byrnes re-
port, although they said he did not
60 into details.
While guessing on President
Roosevelt's likely choice of a sue
cessor to Mr.. Vinson as admins
traitor of the $4,000 000,0 900 RFC
lending and financing agencies con-
tinued, there were no indications
that the White House has reached
a decision.
Evening star., 1945-04-04
$4,OOOFound in Car in Newark
Believed Clue to D. C.. HoIdup
Driver, Wanted by New Jersey Sheriff
On Morals Charge, Escapes in Chase

A clue in the s24600 robbery Of
two National Bank of Washington
employees last Friday was being in
vestigated today by FBI agents in
Newark, N. j.. where police found
s4 900 in a car abandoned when off,
GERS sought 10 arrest the driver.
Sheriff William H. Butler of Essex
County. which includes Newark, told
The Star today that the money was
in small bills of 81, IS, $40 and $50
denominations, arranged in numeri-
cal sequence The money taken
from the Washington bank. it was
learned, was set up in that form.
The sheriff said that he had
placed message regarding the
money and the abandoned car or
the national police teletype. but
that the source of the funds had not
yet been learned.
Last Sunday morning, Sheriff
Butler said, he sent a detective to
the Newark home of man named
Evening star., 1945-04-04

Charles Skrezcowski, also known
under the alias of Joseph Skolsky
thinking that the man might pay
an Easter visit to his mother The
hunch proved correct. When Skrez-
cowski, for whom the Newark po-
lice have a bench warrant on a
morals charge, emerged from the
house to enter his car, the officer
sought to arrest him.
SkrezcoWskl fed and in an ensu-
ing chase seven shots were eX-
changed, five fired by the fugitive
and two by the officer. the sheriff
related. AS the officer pressed hi!
trigger third time the gun jammec
and Skrezcowski disappeared in tn,
freight yards of the Central Rail
road of New Jersey Railroad detec.
tives then joined in the hunt fol
the man.
Sheriff Butler said that. according
(See ROBBERY. Page A-5D
Evening star., 1945-04-04
Twin American Drives Race
Toward Noho, Okinowo Capital
First Major Jap Resistance Expected
As Planes Spot Elaborate Defenses

LIT Gen. Simon Bolivar Buckner,
ir. commander of the 10th Army
said, the crucial period of landing
men and supplies is over =" even
without opposition an operation
this complicated could have broken
down"
Another Associated Press corre-
spondent, James Lindsey. in the
field on OkinaWa with the Marine
Sd Amphibious Corps, quoted Maj.
Gen. Roy S. Geiger, Marine COM
mander as saying the Okinawa
operation developed so rapidly that
complete change of plans had to
be made
Naha, largest city in the Ryukyu
chain with a population of $1,000,
was only miles from forward ele-
ments of the 77th Infantry Division
moving down the west coast Naha
Airdrome is the best in the archi-
pelago.
The advance was so swift and the
(See OKINAWA. Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1945-04-04

in Northern Italy to make immedi-
ate preparation for guerrilla action
in support of an Allied attack, and
promised that this dormant and for
gotten front will not much longer
remain dormant and forgotten.
Even in the absence of such assur-
ances. one might logically conclude
that this must be another bloody
spring in Italy. Consider the Ital-
ian military situation against the
big picture of the European war
now APPARENTLY entering its cataclys-
mic final stage.
Ripping Deep Into Reich.
From the west and east Allied
armies are ripping to shreds the
last remaining defenses of the en-
emy's homeland. British and Amer
leans are driving rapidly from the
Rhine into the heart of Germany
On the southeastern front the Rus
slams are rolling through Czecho-
slovakia, Austria and Hungary. men-
acing Vienna, Prague, Zagreb and
Trieste, the latter being a possible
gateway into Northern Italy.
On the Oder River front from the
Bay of Stettin to Fuerstenberg the
Germans appear at present to be
maintaining organized and disci-
plined defense before the gates OF
Berlin. But with this single and
presumably passing exception, the
two armies so carefully and skill
fully preserved here in Italy would
seem to be the only German troops
still firmly in command of the de-
fensive situation.
There are doubtless many reasons
behind the original decision of the
German high command to keep the
expensive arrav of 27-odd divisions
in Italy despite the terrible pres
sure on two major fronts.
Unable to Get Out.
Two of the most important were
probably these:
l. The double psychological ad-
vantages of having at least one
front to which the high command
could point with pride, and of hav-
ing an ally-if only "rump' ally
to which the Germans could look for
proof of the reassuring fact that
they were still not alone.
2. The fact that, threatened as
they were with the loss of many of
their principal industrial areas.
Northern italy with its great manu-
featuring centers of Milan and Tur-
in would inevitably assume greater
(See MOVES, Page A-2.)
Evening star., 1945-04-04
Week End Temperatures
May Reach FREEZING Point

AS pats of Nebraska. Iowa, Min
nesota and Wisconsin were swept
today by heavy snowstorm, Dis
trict residents we're told week -end
Temperatures may reach the freezing
point here.
Snow depth reached up to II
inches in the four-State area, the
Associated Press reported.
In Washington, the Weather Bu-
reau reported farmers have been
alerted to the possibility of frost by
the week end Cooler weather in
this area probably will begin
Friday
Under certain conditions, tenn
peratures in the low 30s could follow
showers predicted for tomorrow, the
Weather Bureau said. Today's fore
cast was for mostly cloudy. no rain,
slightly cooler and high tempera
ture which may reach the lower 7Os.
Evening star., 1945-04-04
BY the Associated Press.

/
GUAM, April 4.-TWin Ameri-
can drives today moved swiftly
southwark toward Naha, capital
of Okinawa, and possibly the first
major resistance by the japanese
! defenders since the Yanks land
ed four days ago.
Vern Haugland. Associated Press
war correspondent aboard Vice Ad-
miral Richmond K. Turner's flag
ship off Okinawa, said air observers
reported occasional bursts of Jap
anese fire as well as signs of an elab-
crate trench system bustling with
activity across the southern end Of
the island near Naha.
He wrote that the possible de-
fense line ran north of Machinato
airstfip, miles north of Naha and
Tonabaru strip, 6 miles east of the
capital.
Although the Yanks believe the
japanese fight still is to be faced,
Evening star., 1945-04-04
Red Broadcast Raise,
Hopes Of Avoiding
Friction al Farley
Conference Scheduled
At the Right Time,
Moscow Radio Says

A Moscow radio broadcast de-
claring that the San Francisco
United Nations Security Confer
ence is being held "at the right
time and will accomplish its
task" raised hopes here today of
a new cooperative move by the
Soviet government to remove
threats to success of the meeting
to create world peace organi-
zation.
United States officials would like
to see Russia:
l. Follow President Roosevelt S
lead and eliminate the controversial
question of multiple voting in the
general assembly of the proposed
international organization by with
drawing her request for separate
seats for the Ukrainian and White
Russian Soviet Republics.
2. Speed up Anglo American-Rus-
sian consultations looking toward
formation of a new Polish provi-
SlOIldI SOSeIIllllc1lJ VI IldllUlldl ulllly y
so it could be recognized in time to
be invited to the San Francisco
Conference.
| A strong hint that this Govern
ment hopes the Soviet will not press
| its request for additional votes came
/! yesterday from Secretary of State
Stettinius who announced the
President had decided the United
States will not go through with a
request for three votes in the as
sembly for this country.
Mr.. Stettinius explained that "in
view of the Importance which the
Soviet government attached to its
proposal for separate White Rus
sian and Ukranian membership in
the proposed new organization, the
President agreed at the Crimea Con-
ference to support it IF made" at
San Francisco.
At the same time, American repre-
1Coo CEOTTD TTv pace AS1
Evening star., 1945-04-04
World Meat Deficit
Put al 6 Billion Lbs,
IS pet. Below Needs
OImsteod Tells Senators
Demand ond Supply Moy
Strike Postwar BuIonce
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated PreSS.
An estimate that world meat
demand and supply may strike
a balance" one year after the
European war ends was received
today by the Senate Food Inves-
tigating Committee.
The prediction came from 1t. Col.
R. w. Olmstead. chairman of the
War Food Administrations Alloca-
tions Committee, who testified that
the present deficit is $500 900, 900
pounds, or Is per cent below estimat-
ed requirements.
Chairman Thomas of Oklahoma
there is that horse meat might help
ease the current meat shortage for
civilians
Col. Olmstead turned that ques-
ton over to N. E. Dodd. an Agricul-
ture Department aid, who said he
thought that offered no real posi-
bilitieS.
Allies Face Greatest Shortage.
"Is it not possible that much of
the meat in the black market is
horse meat?" Senator Thomas asked.
IT would not know about that,
Mr. Dodd replied, adding that he
could tell horse meat from beef and
believed most people could.
Col. Olmstead testified the United
Nations face their greatest shortage
in canned meats.
In many military operations, he
said, it is not possible to depend on
fresh meat because of lack of re-
frigeration facilities. And because
of distribution problems, no fresh
meat is sent to Russia, which gets
only cured or canned meats.
The total estimated requirement
for canned meat this year is 7,l00,-
0O0, 900 pounds, Col Olmstead said.
and the total prospective supplies
amount to 4,037 ,000, 900 pounds.
TT doesn't appear anything can
be done about it, as canning lines
are operating at capacity" he added.
Little Change in Butter.
Meanwhile, the War Food Admin
istration announced that civilian al
lotments of butter, evaporated milk,
condensed milk and cheese for the
April-June quarter are about the
same as for January March.
Civilian supplies of fluid milk,
cream, cottage cheese and ice cream
are expected to be larger, inasmuch
as this is the season in which milk
production increases sharply.
The civilian butter supply for the
three month period will be $685.
100000 pounds, compared with be-
tween 1926, 100000 and $4,000, ,00O
said to have been consumed during
the first quarter.
Earlier, it was learned that the
serious meat shortage may force an
official decision soon on whether
| Americans are to have more pork
(See FOOD. PAGE A-5.)
Evening star., 1945-04-04
Allies 10 Open Drive
Soon 10 Destroy Two
Nazi Armies in Italy
Possibly Lost Major
Bodies of Germans Still
In Fighting Trim
BY NEWBOLD MOVES, Jr..
Star Staff Correspondent

ROME, April 4.-The Allies will
soon go into action in Italy-ac-
ton which, if successful, will
write the final chapter to the
story of our first and bloodiest
stab at Fortress Europe by de-
stroying the German 10th and
l4th Armies, possibly the last
major bodies of German troops
still remaining a serious fight
ing potential.
To say this is to disclose no secrets
concerning the Allied plan of action
for this theater. The intention is
matter of record. Gen. Mark
Clark last week let the cat out of the
bag. If indeed it ever was in the
bag. when he publicly told patriots
Evening star., 1945-04-04
Overseas Edition
Strictly Limited

Additional paper is not avail
able to increase the present
edition of $4,000 copies of the
overseas edition of The Star.
It is probable that the supply
at The Star Office will be ex-
hausted this evening. Copies
will still be available at Victory
Bond booth in Lansburgh's
DEPARTMENT Store.
Evening star., 1945-04-04
Draft Call for MAY
Cut in Half by Navy,
Nearing Peak Strength
June Quote May Be Even
Lower; Army Stonds on
Current Induction Rute
BY MARVIN L. ARROWSMITH
Associated Press STAFF Writer.

The Navy has halved it's May
draft call and may ask for still
! fewer men in June.
This will reduce overall selective
service calls II per cent or more
from the current rate of about
{ 10000 men a month. They had
been scheduled to continue at that
pace through June.
/ Having of the Navy's require
ments will put its May call at
roughly $1,000 registrants
officials who know these things
in advance of public announcements
added that this quota may be cut
! further in June and even more
sharply thereafter, because the Navy
expects to reach peak strength of
about 3,600,000 men by July l.
Navy Gives No Details.
After that calls will be solely on
a replacement basis.
An Official Navy statement dis
closed the impending cut, but gave
no details. 1t said:
The Navy's calls on selective
service have been and are being
gradually reduced in order to con-
! form to authorized strength, which
is expected by July l."
| 1t was learned, however. that the
first substantial cut is due next
month.
! Two reasons are given for the re-
ductions:
| /. Enlistment of 17-year-olds in
the Navy has been at a higher rate
than expected.
2. Peak strength is being achieved
more rapidly than anticipated in
dicac1ng casualties may not have
been as numerous as calculated.
Army Stands Firm.
Although there has been some
pressure on the Army to reduce its
calls in order to salvage more men
for industry. officials of that serv-
ice thus far have stood firm in sum-
moning 100000 registrants a month
through June Calls beyond that
time have not been announced by
either service
Reduction of the Navy draft is
expected to be reflected most in an
easing of the call for men 80 through
SO. officials cautioned, however,
that with enlistment of 17-year-
olds apparently on the up trend,
fewer 18-year-olds are available for
drafting.
This means that monthly selective
service quotas must be filled by dip
ping commensurately into the older
age groups.
Effect of We Day in Doubt.
Selective service spokesmen are
reluctant to predict how draft calls
may be affected when Germany is
defeated. They concede that any
cut will ease the pressure first on
men over 20, but they point out that
the size of the draft will depend
largely on the number of veterans
released by the Army.
If large numbers of men are re-
leased, draft calls will stay rela-
lively high. On the other hand, if,
as is generally supposed, the Army
keeps most of these men in uniform,
the call probably will be cut consid-
erably-possibly to where 18-year-
olds will meet all requirements.
The Navy cut follows a widespread
modification of the 80 per cent limit
OH occupational deferments for men
under 30. This ceiling was pune
tured most recently this week to give
the aircraft industry 10000 addi-
tinnal defermpnts