davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-24
By RUTH TAYLOR

Unionism is a road, not a
destination. 1t is way, not
an end. Like a road, union
ism has its ups and downs, its
hills and valleys, its bypaths,
its detours.
Unionism is something in
comprehensive to those who
do not know Democracy.
They cannot imagine a road
conforming to the contour of
the land - their highways
must smash through in ge-
ometric lines. They cannot
imagine a way of life that con-
forms itself to and serves the
people who compose it. Their
way of life must smash
through the lives of subjects
COMPRISING them ruthlessly
to one set pattern. The great
est handicap of tyrants is their
lack of imagination, their lack
of the realization that a man
will do more because he wants
to, than he will because he is
told to.
Unionism gains its strength
from voluntary cooperation--a
unity of purpose and action. 1t
does not demand of its follow
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-24

ers that they must all think
alike, any more than that all
roads must be alike. 1t does
however call for a spirit of
cohesion on all fundamental
principles To be a vital force
unionism must be based upon
mutual understanding and
must be motivated by mutual
ideals, or principles.
The principles of trade
unionism are the same as those
of democracy-the right of
free men to organize, to as
sociate with their fellow men
in action for the common
good, to speak freely and
without fear, and to act ac-
cording to their own con-
science.
I n G greatest protection
against totalitarianism, wheth-
er of the left or the right, is a
strong, organized, self-disci-
plined labor unionism dedi-
Gated to a high purpose. Self
discipline is what differenti-
ates free labor from the
forced labor of dictator-ruled
states.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-24
It's News
To Me
By 0. ]. Pecord
WOTTA BOMB

atomic which apparently brought about
the for surrender the part of the Japs poses lot
questions that the philosophers heoogians scientists ana
statesmen of the world will be kicking around for quite some
time
and regarding the morality of dropping atomic basngs
whole populations n just war This pesupposes that
there be a just let's skip the theologians.
the possibilities of using atomic
supplant coal oil and gasoline movatng forces We are
being told that atomic charge the size of early June pea
would drive liner the sea and back again and
that it possible to crcumven the globe in plane with
charge the size of brick
AS A WEAPON
But the whole atomic business to be interesting
the people the world when viewed in its destructive power
to blast people out of their desire to wage war and that is where
the catch comes in.
If American scientists could discover ways of loosenng
power of the atom what there to prevent the scen-
c other nations accomplishing the results
perhaps better? Obviously there monopoly brains
or scientific research What we have probably
will be done by those who do not yet share our secret
the of the wrong people, and there always
wrong people as we during unpeas
Europe the Pacific China and the rest OF the world
atomic could become force for evil the like OF which
the world has never before witnessed.
Now that know the terrific power contained with the
atom by three demonstrations what there prevent some
other nation from developing this and oosening
other nations without warning?
If the atomic bomb could be developed where it could be
dropped from plane and destroy practically entire city,
what there to stop further development to the point where
atomic bomb could be shot through the ratosphere and
made to land Monroe Michigan destroying both Toledo and
the possibilities that devised for the future of
the atom No doubt the of the atomic
WHAT RESULTS?
What the results of the development of atomic will
be entirely dependent the amount of scientific research
work which into this newly developed of
One thing certain it will eliminate the need for working
class unless by unforuate event. the entire human
be eliminated by the thing discovered but could not control
The atomic bomb bring about revolutionary changes
manufacturing change habits
of thinking but people will still need to eat cohe themselves
live in houses and whatever gadge available for light
enng their work 1t will not establish Utopia.
And contemplate all the wonderful possibilities
tanned in the revealed the significance of what
already been accomplished for death destruction
struck with thought-what will happen
their disputes with employers? Will the
them?
No matter how much tear guns clubs other
implements have been the workers.
be certain of thing The atomic will definitely
not be used to break strikes Remember the
you.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-24
Ropid Reeonversion

1t is now apparent that the answer to
the pressing unemployment problem with
which we are faced consists in rapidly re-
converting to civilian production and
creating full employment
Actual recOnversiOn does not seem to
nresent any unusual problems in view of
the fact that many industries have been
retooling for several months. The task oil
moving out government owned ma
chinery used for war production and
moving in the machines for normal pro-
duction is a relative simple matter
The real test for the recOnversiOn pro-
gram is going to come in the ellmlna-
tion of material bOttlenecks, real or ar
tificiaI. How quickly employment will
upswing is going to depend upon the
speed with which materials can be placed
in the hands Of the manufacturers. Thus,
it will be seen that one of the most I'M
portant steps in the entire recOnversion
and full employment program will be to
urotect industries from any combinations
which might prevent them from getting
the materials necessary for their opera
ton.
OF equal Importance, but impossible
of realization until recOnversion has Oc-
cured, is a full employment program inn
plemented by legislation which will as
sure the employment of every available
worker in this country.
We definitely do not subscribe to the
theory that it is necessary to carry "nor-
NAL float of unemployed at all times.
Our war experience has taught us the
faIlacy of expecting to go from a mass of
unskiIIed, unprepared, unemployed work
ers to full production in a short time.
The fact that we were able to accomp-
Iish the great production record of the
war is no indication that we could do it
again should another emergency re-
quire our allout efforts.
Labor, management and industry
should now direct their attention to
speeding up the changes necessary to re-
sumo full scale production and backing
the legislation to insure jobs for all.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-24
Regional
Views
By Richard Gosser
Director Region 2B, UAW~ClO
NEED FOR ACTION

Instead of telling the workers I'VE told you
so" since government cancellation of millions
of dollars worth of war contracts, caused the
layon of thousands of Toledo workers, the
Union must roll up its sleeves and pitch in and
help the workers over the slack period.
In Toledo, the regional office and Local IL
have set UP new office on the 4th floor of
Local 12S headquarters for the assistance OF
those unemployed / advise everyone to visit
this office for information and advice before
making application for their unemployment
insurance. By doing this, we may be able to
suggest ways and means to those out of jobs
that will be of great benefit to them.
Our next step is to petition Governor Frank
Lausche to Immediately call the Ohio state
legislature into session to write an emergency
clause into the new unemployment compensa-
ton bill which will make it effective this
month. If this is not done, the new bill in
creasing the benefits from SIC to $21 and from
18 to % weeks will not become effective until
the middle of October.
WRITE LETTERS
1t would be of great aid to the unions who
are seeking to get the Governor to move, if
all the members, officers, and Units of all Lo-
cal Unions would write letters to Governor
Lausche Immediately. This is an emergency
and failure to act now stamps us as being in
different to what happens
/ happen to know that none of those who
have been laid off since last week are indif-
ferent. I have yet to meet one of the people
who out of job who do not want to get
back to work at the earliest possible time. 1t
will be wise if these people would show their
interest and help us to help them by joining
in our campaign to get the state legislature to
do something to give every unemployed person
an additional five dollars week This is GER
tainly worth while, and will become more so
as the savings of the workers dwindle.
RECONyERSION
Along with trying to get the unemployment
benefits increased effective this month instead
of October, we going to do everything in
our power to speed the reconversion period
and full employment for which we have been
asking for many weeks. We believe that if the
government can speed the flow of materials
to the plants of America that the reconverSion
period can be greatly shortened and that we
again have full scale production of civilian
goods.
Our immediate program is to insist that
Congress increase unemployment benefits to
$25 for 26 weeks and at the same time pass
the full employment bill which will give every
worker in this country job. Our most i'm
portant objective from now on must be co.
100000 jobs.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-24
Kenneth Cole

Every man who lives carves out his
own memorial by the manner in which he
lives and the service which he renders
unto his fellowmen.
In such vein we pause to pay sim
cere tribute to Kenneth Cole, whom death
has removed from our midst at time
when his services are sorely needed. We
will miss him.
No praise however eloquent can add
to the stature of this good man whose life
has enriched all who knew him. He has
left an indelible imprint the minds
and hearts of many.
AS first executive secretary of the To-
Iedo Industrial Council, Kenneth Cole
held office during crucial years. BY his
tireless efforts, his honesty, integrity and
ability he gave the citizens of Toledo a
new and truer picture of the ideals and
detectives of the CIO.
OF kind and gentle nature Kenny
Cole took deep interest in the Old News
boys Goodfellow Association which he
served until taking up his duties in Wash
ington Through his efforts, the annual
paper sale for the Association has been
Hciu WIFI SuSNeoo ocNcidi
years in all CIO shops
The same qualities of heart and mind
which endeared him TO thousands of his
fellow CIO members won him whole
host of friends in Washington during the
time he served his Union i'm that city. A
newspaper editor of Washington wrote,
"more people than you may be aware of
are going to miss Ken Cole here"
And so as we bid farewell to Kenneth
Cole, we can only say that we have been
enriched by his life and the service which
he rendered to his union and fellow
members of the CIO and realize that his
going is our loss. Farewell to a good and
faithful servant of the workers.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-24

'The contemporary American Press is a
travesty of what newspaper should be, leav-
ing to one side all considerations of political
and social PHILOSOPHERS, The populace more or
less aware of this, takes its political guidance
from other quarters-from trade union papers,
special form journals religious organs mag
azines, books, newsletters and political leaders
direct"
Ferdinand Lundberg, Author.
Ignorance is the school of race prejudice
and provincialism is its tutor Its memory is
stuffed with lies and its mind is warped by
emotionalism. Pride is its book and snobbery
is its pen. All the hatreds and fears all the
cruelties and prejudices of childhood are per-
petuated by it. II blinds the intellect and it
hardens the heart. It's wisdor is wonderful
and fearful for it never learns what is true,
and it never forgets what is false
Claude II. Heithus.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-24
From The Desk
Melvin Schultz
President,
Local II, UAW,ClO

The topic which l wish to take up at this
time is in regard to Veterans Legislation,
dealing with employment and labor matters.
The Selective Service Act which makes
men from 18 to AS liable for service in the
Armed Forces also provides for unemployment,
seniority and other rights for them upon dis
charge from service.
A Veterans Personnel Division within
Selective Service to assist qualified Veterans
in employment matters was established by the
Selective Service Act.
At the present time, the functions of the
Personnel Division are confined to assistance
in obtaining unemployment This Act requires
Federal Government and all private employers
to reinstate employee leaving job other
than temporary one on condition that:
/. He receives an honorable discharge
2 He is still qualified to perform the duties
of the job.
3. He makes application for unemployment
within 90 days after he is discharged.
Unless the employers circumstances have
so changed as to make it impossible or un-
reasonable to do so, the Veteran is to be rein
stated to such position or to position of like
seniority, statuts, and pay.
A returning Veteran, in order to claim
reinstatement in position which has been up
graded, must be qualified to perform the duties
and functions of this new position If he is un-
apie 10 qudlIy Ior lnlS uPSrdueu JOD HS IL,
nevertheless, entitled to job similar in SEN
iority, status, and pay to the one which he
left
Veteran entitled to unemployment may
not be discharged from his job without cause
within one year after he returns.
The law requires that the worker be re-
instated without loss of seniority and shall be
entitled to participate in insurance or other
benefits in effect with the employer at the time
such person was inducted into the Armed
Forces
This is interpreted to mean that a service
mans seniority accumulates during his service
to the same extent and in the same manner
as if he had remained in continuous employ
ment
These same rights apply also to women in
the Armed Services.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-24

Ostrich-minded Congressman and certain
Businessmen refuse to believe the postwar
period poses any problems. Let them consider
the following dislocation of population during
the war: Puget Sound-269, 600 Immigrants;
Portland, Oregon-220,000 immigrants; San
Francisco-515 900 Immigrants; Los Angeles
$4,000 immigrants; San Diego-l65,000 in
migrants; Hampton Roads, Virginia-l66,000
immigrants; Detroit-254, 600 immigrants; and
Mobile, Alabama-84, 900 Immigrants.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-24
Washington.
|LaborReport
BY Bradford V. Carter
LPA COlumniSt
CONFUSION TO CHAOS

From confusion to chaos is
the best way to describe the
effect of the sudden ending
of the Pacific War on postwar
plans. Before the abrupt end
ing of h o stilities it was
thought that time would per-
NIT Washington to muddle
through with some kind of
minimum program. Now the
bottom has suddenly dropped
out and revealed for every
body to see-our homefront
Pearl Harbor.
Synthetic optimism is the
keynote sounded most fre-
quently in Washington now.
Topside Washington officials
greet one another with a
sickly grin and mutter some
thing like "the natural resili-
ence of the economy will take
care of everything. Oh, yes,
we may have something like
8 million unemployed by
spring but it will be only tenn
porary."
The blunt truth of the mat
ter is that, as labor people
have been saying until they
were blue in the face, eco
nomicially we are completely
unprepared for the problems
raised by the end of the war.
KEY FIGURES
Listen to some of the key
figures in the situation:
l. AS of April 1945 there
were more than IL million
men and women in the armed
forces. Seven million at least
are to be demobilized within
the next year.
2. AS of the end of June
1945, there were million
workers engaged in direct
munitions production, to say
nothing of workers engaged
in supporting activities which
this figure does not include.
Plans call for the immediate
cutback of more than 900 of
total procurement.
3. The official estimates
predict unemployment of more
than 5 millions by the end of
the year and 8 million by
spring of 1916.
A. What nobody has said
publicly so far is that, under
the most favOraJl conditions,
our economy has never been
able to increase employment
by more than 3 millions per
year-and that unemployment
has never been reduced by
more than 212 millions per
year. In the absence of her
culean efforts, this means that
it will take several years be-
fore the unemployed are alb
sOrbed-assuming the capacity
of industry to accomplish this.
5. In 1910 there were about
SO million people working, In
1945 there are something short
of "a millions working and in
the armed forces. Allowing
for the maximum Withdrawal
of workers from the labor
market after complete demo-
bilization of the armed forces,
we shall still need to find jobs
for 13 to Is million more
workers than were employed
in 1910, our last peacetime
year.
All of these facts clearly
point to a situation in 1945
and 1946 which will not be
met by "a return to normally"
"and letting things take their
course" A return to normalcy
spells d Sa t e r-unless we
catch on right quickly that
government will have to exer-
else positive role in finding
jobs for every one who wants
to work.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-24
On The
Beam
By
Clayton w.
Fountain

There should be no need to
ask this question. 1t has been
answered a million times or
more already. 1t was an
swered in the Atlantic Char
ter. and in all the other formal
declarations of war aims is
sued by the leaders of the
United Nations.
The answer was given on
the occasion of every War
Bond drive, every appeal for
blood donors, every demand
for increased war production.
The answer was always the
same:
eve have to win this war
in order to save democracy
and to set the world on the
path to universal liberty, Sc
curity, abundance and broth
erhood."
These were the words, the
slogans, the declarations OF
intent with which we were
encouraged to give our all to
the war effort.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-24
THE PAY-OFF

encouraged 10 give our al ~
the war effort.
THE PAY-OFF
Okay, we came through.
We have won the military
phase of the war against
Fascism-now it is time for
the pay-off. 1t is time to give
with the liberty, security,
abundance and brotherhood.
In England, the pay-off
seems to be proceeding on
schedule. The British people
are serious about stepping
forward to claim the better
world for which they were
told this war was being
fought. They have elected
new Labor government and
commanded it to enact legis-
lation that will transform
Liberty, security, abundance
and brotherhood" from phras-
es into tangible realities.
They are going to collect
their war aims in the form OF
housing, jobs, higher wages,
guaranteed medical care and
social ownership of monopo-
listic industries. The device
of social ownership will re-
duce profits, dividends, in
terest and other forms of un-
earned income, and so divert
a swelling flood of purchasing
power into the hands of the
common people.
WHAT ABOUT AMERICA?
But, while we cheer the
courage and intelligence with
which our British brothers
are implementing the pay
off of their war aims, we must
think about the practical prob
lem of claiming our own
share of the liberty, secur-
ity, abundance and brother
hood for which we fought
this war and won it.
What about America?
How shall we implement
the pay-off of our war aims
in this country?
There are those among us
who are shouting loudly that
we do not need to worry
about this question. They say
that all we have to do is give
private enterprise free hand,
and the corporations will of
their own free will take us
down the high road to the
good life.
If ever we needed to look
a gift horse in the mouth, this
is a time that demands such
a down-to-earth inspection of
the manner in which big bust
ness proposes to award us our
share of liberty, security,
abundance and brotherhood" 3"
THE VANDENBERG TRAP
The big business approach to
to implementation of the pay
off of our war aims is phoney
and completely unrealistic. 1t
is typified by Senator Arthur
Vandenberg's silly notion that
labor and capital can get to-
gether and plan to unite a
round a common program.
This is an age of miracles,
but we have still not reached
the point where lions and
lambs can lay down together.
The big-time industrialists,
bankers and landlords in Ame-
rica are still going to grab for
all the profits they can get. So
long as they do this, the COM
mon people will not have
enough income to live de-
Gently.
Let us not fall into the
Vandenberg trap. The only
way to get our just share of
Liberty, security, abundance
and brotherhood" is to build
ourselves a party like the
British Labor Party, vote our
selves into power tell the
plutocrats to get the hell out
of the way - and take what
is rightfully ours.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-25

CASH PAID for all makes of fam fly sewing machines and vacuum cleaners. l38 North Main. 5-1S64.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-25
Real Estate For Sale

s5 Houses For Sale
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-25

THREE GIRLS wanted to learn work on shirt unit. Pleasant, easy work. Steady all year round. Good pay to start. Apply in person. Bon- Ton Cleaners. Cor. Willow West Main Sts
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-25
LiUe Stock
Business SerUice

sl Business Services Rendered
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-25

EXPERIENCED SILK PRESSER- Wanted. High wages offered for good presser. Apply in person. BonTon Cleaners, Cor. Willow West Main StS.
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1945-11-05
Nationalist
Uprising in
vaFeared
Uneasy Quiet Prevails with
Indonesians Defermin-
ed on Revolution
BIZ RALPH MORTON

BATAVIA, Java, Nov. 5.-Dutch
officials were understood today to
tie considering a plan to gain firm
control Of a small part Of western
Java and establish that area as a
rallying ground from which they
would extend their efforts to end the
native nationalist uprising in the
East Indies.
The Dutch plan to bring in many
more troops. although there has
been no official announcement on
the subject. Some unofficial esti-
mates OF the size of tie reinforce
nlents run as high as 10000 men be-
fore Christmas.
Strife torn Java was quiet today
following the flare up Of sporadic
fighting in the northern section OF
Batavia during the night. But it was
like the quiet before the storm. But
the picture as whole is blacker
and more ominous, with tens OF
thousands Of trigger happy Indo-
resians armed to the teeth and de-
termined on revolution
The Daily Alaska empire. [volume] (Juneau, Alaska) 1926-1964, 1945-11-05
ECkES TALKS ABOUT
OIL DEPOSITS Off
COAST OF AMERICA
May Prove 10 Be Last Great
Source OF Petroleum,
Strategic Reserve

WASHINGTON, Nov. 5-Interior
Secretary Harold Ickes has warned
that oil deposits off the American
coast may be our last great source
of petroleum. For that reason, he
said those deposits may be the key
to this country's ability to hold its
place as a world power.
President Truman announced two
months ago that the United States
was claiming jurisdiction over oil
resources in the continental shelf,
which extends out to sea to depth
of 600 feet, Ickes predicts that his
tory will record that action as one
of the great advances made by our
nation. New discoveries of oil in
this country are falling off sharply,
he pointed out, and it is vital
that adequate supplies be taken
over now to see us through any
further emergency.
Ickes described the continental
shelf as potentially a great stra-
tegic reserve of oil. He added that
anyone VINO would jeopardize the
development of those resources
would be contributing to the even
tual suicide of the United States
as a world power.