davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20
Strong National Economy Needed

A trend toward decentralization of in- duStry became noticeable some years be- fore the present war. Many corporations had begun to establish branches for the manufacture and assembly of parts and finished units in strategic locations throughout the country. These pre-War moves were motivated by economic con- alterations designed, in most cases, to lower production, assembly and distribu- ton costs, through proximity to labor supplies, raw materials sources, or markets.
 This tendency to spread industry was greatly accelerated during the early days of our war participation by realization of the vulnerability to attack of great industrial concentrations. In order to maintain uninterrupted production, some large plants were established out side large industrial areas, and hundreds of small, independent machine shops and speciality plants grew up to supply prime contractors everywhere. A great number of these sub" plants are located ln small towns in agricultural communi- ties. What will happen to these war born, widely-scattered factories, plants and shops in the postwar economy? Will the pre-War trend toward decentraliza- IiOAA Ol uAuuoIAy CO1lCA1uc!
 Many, like Harry Ferguson, Detroit farm equipment manufacturer, believe that decentralization is of immense inn portance to our future prosperity, for it is a contributor to prosperity of our basic industry, agriculture. He points out that plants, located in rural and semi-rural areas, offer opportunities for part-time and off-SeaSon work for farmers and their families, adding to farm cash income, and making for more prosperous cOmmuni- ties. Such opportunities have great sig nificance for returning servicemen and ex-war workers who want to live on the land, but who must establish themselves as farm owners gradually and with small initial capital. They offer prospects to handicapped veterans, for they can SUD- port themselves, producing at least a DOT tion of their living from few acres, and enjoying the sort of life which they prefer.
 Industry can usually profit by being nearer to the source of raw materials, to a constant labor supply and, in many cases, to consumer markets. It can profit by any increase in farm purchas- ing power, for it will enjoy better markets for it's products. MT. Ferguson knows whereof he speaks, for the manufactur- ing processes of his own company are per- formed by over 100 plants located Strate- gically throughout the country. Of greatest benefit to our entire population he says, is that decentralization will go far to integrate industry, business and agriculture into strong national econ- omy with single purpose-the welfare of all people.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20
Views Of The Press

mands on Hitler's reserves, since it is large and exposed to attack along it's whole depth. Hence there Is nothing inherently improbable in the reports of a general German evacuation of the area.
 Nevertheless, the abandonment of the Saar and the Bavarian Palatin- ate must have been a hard decision for the German command-even apart from the difficulty of making good their withdrawal in the face of the swift American advance. The last German territory west of the Rhine; the rich Saar coal fields; cities of industrial or historic im- portance such as Coblenz, Mainz, Ludwigshafen, Speyer and Worms all of these are involved in the fate of the salient. Moreover, Allied con- trol of the whole west bank of the Rhine would multiply the difficult ties of holding line on that stream, particularly since one breach has already been made in the line. Even though the best ter rain for a drive into Germany lies far to the north, there are danger ous gaps in the mountains in other regions--at MainZ, for example. Cities like Mannheim, too, and Wiesbaden, lying just across the Rhine, would be subject to Allied smelling. And the Germans would be deprived of even the poor boon of shortening their lines, that solace or excuse of so many retreating armies. For the Rhine, in the re- zion now under attack, bends al- most as far to the east as the Saar- Moselle salient projects into the west.
 There are reasons in plenty for a determined German stand in their last salient in the west; it is des- perate need alone that could cause 8 general retreat. That need is for troops to combat the growing men, ace east of the Rhine. And the
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20

junior officer was at the airport
 when the mission landed. The
 Russians conducted a systematic study of the entire FAM organ
 iZatiOn then left to report to Moscow.
 Significantly, members of this mission later returned to Greece as formal Russian diplomatic at- taches, have become increasingly leary of the way Britain has run the Greek show.
 The first direct warning the British received of incipient Rus sian criticism came right after the Yalta conference, when the Moscow radio leveled a blast at the "Quisling prime ministers of Greece) chosen to combat Com munism." This was considered direct slap at the British. RENT SCANDALS
 One OPA boast is that although commodity prices have not been held down as well as they'd like, OPA's rent control has really worked. The inside fact, how ever, is that for nearly two months OPA has had a confidential re- port from the Bureau of Labor Statistics concerning rent control which shows the violation of rent ceilings to be near national scandal.
 The confidential report re-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20
Postwar Building

Ranking high among our citizens con- Buming postwar desires, according to a recent poll, are the yens for new home and new car-the latter, no doubt, to enable them to stay away from the new home as much as possible.
 This information is naturally of con- siderable interest to the auto makers and to the building and allied industries, and to the people who hope to get jobs with them after the war.
 The automobile people seem to know their production capacity and their mar ket so well that all they need now is the signal to switch from tanks and bomberS to sedans and coupes. But builders seem little at sea, judging from the conflict ing guesseS and estimates that are float ing around.
 In fact, predictions on postwar house construction by contractors, plumbers, painters and other interested parties have 1ivaled in variety the debate on 60 mill lion jobs. But few have been so impress Eively buttresSed by facts and figures as the speculations of J. E. Haines, an ex- ecutive of the Minneapolis Honeywell Regulator Co.,, which we came upon the other day.
 MT. Haines jumps off from the build ing cycle of 1919-1935 He puts down the expenditure on new non-farm dwell ings in those years, and relates that ex- penditure to the national income. It turns out that in this period the coun- try's average annual outlay for such con- Struction was $2.9 billions, or 39 per cent of the national income after taxes.
 Thus armed, he ventures into the realm of conjecture. He assumes that we can attain national income of $120 billions a few years after the war, and will have $100 billions left after paying our taxes. He also assumes that this high income will give greater share to the lower in- come groups than in preWar years.
 MT. Haines figures budget of 3.75 per cent of our spending money for new houses would be about right. Then, with the help of National Resources Planning Board figures on income distribution, and U s. Building and Loan Association sta tiSticS on the ratio of income to property valuation, he produces his estimate on how many postwar houses will be built, and who will buy them. It comes out like this:
 Those $375 billions will build 680,000 dwellings. Three hundred thousand will cost $500 or more (for house and prop erty) and will be bought by persons whose annual income begins at $2,500. Those making between $1 ,O0O and $1 800 will be able to buy 142,0OO houses in the $34 400 class. The $1,5OO-to-$2 OOO group will purchase 10000 at an average of $4 200; the $2,OOO-to-$2, 500 earners will buy 98, 1000 at about $5, 1000 each.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20
Selected Poem
PURPLE CROCUS

(W. c. Morrison in the Poets Column. Hartford
 CouranD Where color was not. at least, not seen, Came pushing, effortless, with strength unknown, A yelloW-greenish shoot; and now has grown purple crocus where no flower had been. Beneath the ground the plant, not even green, Imbedded in cold mud, and further, one Of many, took life to itself alone From frequent rain. less frequent sun, and clean flower has formed before the spring bloom Has come in spite of cold and lingering SHOW, Has left at last the travail of earth's womb. Reiterated that all things will grow Regardless of a temporary tomb, Has told again 8 truth learned long ago.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20

tire and tube production was 54,OOO It rose steadily to 4,200 in January l944. dropped off to 93,000 by De. cember, but in January of this veal was $500. This includes 1,5O0 ex. tire wrokers furloughed from tht Army for 90 days to help meet pro. duction schedules. The furlough! may have to be extended, one ex. perienced tire worker being wortt a dozen green hands.
 4,OOO MORE MEN NEEDED
 There was an additional demand for 4,000 tire workers, however, tc obtain full employment for three shift operation of all the within existing walls" tire-making machin. cry. Over half of these 4,0Oo have been recruited. On top of this will come demand for 6,00O men and 2,OO0 women to man the new tire making facilities ordered built by the War Production Board within the next three months. These new factories will not be in production until 1946.
 Every kind of incentive has beer tried. The presence of soldiers in uniform working in the factories helps tremendously in impressing civilians with the urgency of pro- duction. Each days output is haul ed away from the factories as fast as possible. to impress workers with the fact that every time is needed immediately. Every tire-maker who works every day the first three months of this year gets a certi- ficate signed by General Brehon Somerveu of the Army Service Forces. There are factory rallies, pep talks, posters, house organs, drives, contests.
 The results have been good. Tire workers have responded and pro- duction has scared, even though his synthetic rubber is hard to work and the big tires are breakers. Absenteeism and labor turnover rates have dropped. But just when the Seven-day week instituted on January was rolling nicely, a shortage of carbon black developed and the schedule had to be cut back.
 The wage issue is tough. In May, 1943, the War Labor Board granted a Little Steel Formula increase of 3 cents an hour, though 8 cents an hour had been asked. There was q short strike in protest. But then the United Rubber Workers, CIO, came In with new demands for IT cents an hour increase in base rates. There was a preliminary hearing on this demand before the War La- bor Board March 5, but labor and management representatives were both sent back to prepare briefs which will be presented March 20. hearings going on from there.
 OLD FEUD AT BOTTOM
 OF CHARGES
 Management charges that labor Isn't producing all it could is the result of an old feud. In the days before the industry was organized labor charges that management in- dulged in program of cutting piece work pay rates every time work man got efficient and found ways to increase his production. It is difi- cult to unsell labor on the idea thar management will not do the same thing again if 1t has the chance.
 Las December an agreement was made to freeze the theoretical piece work rates for the first 120 days of 1945. Production immediately jump ed by as much as 46 per cent in some plants.
 The future of emergency tire pro- duction will be settled when this agreement comes up for renewal and when the War Labor Board hands out it's decision on the tire workers demand for increased pav
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20
LAST SALIENT IN THE WEST
(New York Herald-rribune,

(New York Herald -Tribune)
 The concentrated attack by troops of the American Sd and 7th Armies and the French 1st on the last Ger man salient west of the Rhine is off to an suspicious start. The ter- rain is rugged, and before the 7th and French units it Is well forti- lied. But with German manpower in its present precarious state, such a salient would make dangerous de.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20
Your Health
 By Dr. William Brady

Signed letters pertaining to per- sOnal health and hygiene, not to disease. diagnosis of treatment, will be answered by pr. Brady tf a stamped seIf-addressed envelope Is enclosed. Letters should be brief and written in ink. No reply can be made to queries not conform ing to instructions. Address Dr. William Brady, National News paper Service, 32O West Madison Street, Chicago, III.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20

furloughing m e n a l r e ad y drafted for he armed services, 8 wage controversy t h a t is long = standing, and management charges that la- bor is producing at only about 80 per cent em- ciency.
 Take these fac- tors one at a time.
 In the 193 g average f ac t ory
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20
Daily Almanac

Moon sets TAT a. m. (war time)
 Sun rises 6:56 a. m.; sets 7:08 p. m. (war time)
 All vehicles must be lighted thirty min utes after sunset.
 The vernal equinox occurs tonight ct 7:38 p. m. (war time). Tn other words what we have really known for the past week or so Is confirmed by the official arrival of Spring.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20

iron by itself are all weak-fused together. they have mighty power. A man standing alone in the world is Weak-fused with the life of his fellows, he Is strong. Man alone is helpless and hopeless-one man with God supporting him can withstand the world.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20

than any one ol them.
 It Is amazing to o bse We h o W strength is added to certain su b. stances by con- bining them with other substances. A great deal oi' modern research today consists in finding how to create something
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20
|"
 SPOTLIGHT
Manpower And Tire Shortage
By PETER EDISON Waterbury DemOcrat-NEA Wash ingtOn Correspondent

Washington, March 20 - A really critical situation in heavy-duty rub Der tires and tubes is made doubly bad by a manpower problem piled on top of inadequate manufacturing facilities.
 Its elements include a 100 per cent industrial expansion over pre- war levels. a shortage of skill ed workers which has necessitated
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20
TUESDAY, MARCH 20, 1945
A Thought for Today

And will plant them upon their land, and they shall no more be pulled up out of their land which I have given them, saith the Lord thy GOd-Amos 915
 Every man has by the law of nature a right to such a waste portion of the earth as is ne- cessary for his subsistence.-More.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20
STRENGTH
 FOR THE DAY Rv EAmP n0xy~v
COMBINATIONS GIVE POWER
By EARL [. DOUGLASS, DID.

It takes lime, coke, and iron to make steel. In fact it takes more than this. It takes the heat of the fiery furnace, fusing these three substances into something stronger
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20
QUESTIONS and ANSWERS Yitamins Not Fattening

Is vitamin B-complex fattening? gained some weight while taking 1t, and I want to lose weight. (S. B.
 Answer-No. Send stamped en- velope bearing your address, ask for pamphlet How to Lose Weight" Baah!
 I'll bet you are dirty old goat. Any one who would go around with moss on their teeth because they are too lazy to brush them would go with dirty neck and ears. But do love to read your column and I hope you won't let me dis courage you. (Mrs. R. O. Answer-Sight unseen I bet you $l00-winnings to go to the Red Cross-that have better teeth than you have.
 The Danger of Fresh Air
 According to this clipping a Dr. A. L. Barach of New York's Colum- bia-Presbyterian Medical Center says the American habit of sleep ing with window open is an im- portant cause of grippe and re- spratory infections by chilling the body when asleep" As for sleeping in a stuffy bedroom with windows closed-ugh! (Mrs. H. L. M.)
 AnsWer-If the night air really chills, wear warmer sleeping clothes or use warmer covers. Exclude cold wind by using 8 window screen of unbleached muslin. There is no scientific evidence that chilling causes of contributes to the de- velopment of any respiratory in- lection. Some of my best friends are Presbyterians, but after all, we should wash behind the ears too.
 Recurrent Is Not Chronic
 Disagree with your statement that there is no such thing as chronic appendicitis. I had it for six months, finally had a severe at- tack. had my appendix out, and have been all right since.
 (E. McA.)
 Answer-From your description 1t seems likely that you had one or more attacks of acute appendicitis before you finally submitted to operation.
 Copyright 1945 by John F. Dille Co.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20

Irony of it all is, from the stand point of the German high conn., mand. that they must abandon, German territory now because they failed to abandon alien territory earlier-because they let their arm- les be trapped in France; because they still insist on garrisoning Nor.
 way and fighting in Italy. The policy that was intended to spare the reich the impact of war has, in the end, let in the enemy.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-20
Washington Merry-Go-Round
Drew Peorson soys Military sto Discussed Jop Wor Yoo; ton Sure of Russon Loyalty Europe National Scandal Looms OPAs Rent Control.
BY DREW PEARSON
! s Kent Control.


   tin StJanan
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-04-12
CLEANERS TS AID
 CLOTHING DRIVE
UncaIIed for Apparel to Be Donated; More Gener.
 Ous Donations Needed

All heretofore unclaimed and un- called for laundry and dry-cleans ing materials now in local estab- lishments will be contributed to the Waterbury share of the United National Clothing collection 1t was reported today by Anne Popernick of Shallet-Lux Co.,, member of the cleaners association.
 Many contributions continued to pour in today but the city'S quota of one-half million pounds collect- ed by next Sunday remained far from a reality, officials declared. Residents are being urged to de- posit all collections at local fire- houses where 1t will be picked up and brought to the central depot at the state armory.
 Last night members of the Beth Israel Mems club sorted and pack ed, as volunteers. two tons of clothing at the armory. Nineteen members comprise the committee of the club who will act as volunteers in the effort. They are as follows:
 Morse Engelman, Milton Engel- man, Henry Engelman, Louis Abe- son, Leo Garston, Rudolph Hem nick, Joseph Ruskin, William Gold- berg, Martin Sternfeld, William Kosersky, Robert Kosersky, Frank SlomowitZ, Max Sllverman, Albert Greenberg, Henry Brown, Herman Halpin, Sidney Cassel, Robert Grace and Aaron Albert.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-04-12
MILITARY RITES
 CONDUCTED HERE
Navy Honor Late William Thomas LOftus; Ameri.
 can Legion Attend

Military funeral services for Will liam Thomas Loftus. IT, who died Sunday morning at the Naval hos pital, Sampson, N. Y., were held this morning at 8:l5 from the Mulville funeral home, 270 West Main street to SS. Peter and Paul church where a solemn high Mass of requiem was celebrated at g by Rev. John Sulli- van assisted by Rev. James Woods, deacon, and Rev. Michael Heating, Sub-deacon.
 The youth was the son of William and Phoebe (Doiron) L'oftus, 8l Eastwood avenue.
 Mrs. Robert Birt, organist and soloist, played "The Star Spangled Banner" at the conclusion of the Mass. Burial was in Calvary ceme- tery with committal services con- ducted by Father Woods.
 The military escort was in charge of William D. Lambert,( Jr., SIP co 1-c, Sampson, N. Y. The firing squad, headed by Sgt. Wallace J. Inglis, Co. E, tSate Guard, :. cluded Sgt. James Oracle, Cpl. Marshall Wilcox. Cpl. Joseph Langille, Pfc. John Altieri, Pfc. William LaCha- belle, Pvt. Richard Fadus and Bugler Peter Ciullo. Charles Melville and Michael Toomey represented the American Legion.
 Bearers were William Cahill, John Benson, Charles McWilliams, Ed- mund Joyce, Charles Carter and Robert Murphy.
 0SQuadP
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-04-12

American Relief for Italy, Inc, has sent 7,186,009 pounds of vital relief materials to liberated Italy in II shipments since it's inception April 10, 1944, it was announced today in the first annual report by Judge Juvenal Marchisio, president at national headquarters, 29 Broad way. American Relief for Italy, Inc, is the agency certified by the Presidents War Relief Control board to send food, clothing and medical supplies to liberated Italy. The materials have an estimated value of $8,314,48773.
 ''This relief from America is tan gible evidence that we who have are willing to share" Judge Mar chisio said. Tt is for us, a free people to extend helping hand to those less fortunate overseas whose shackles are being struck from them. It is our duty to those who come after us that we invest today in the peace of tomorrow-and the greatest investment we can make Is to give to those in need in for eign lands regardless of race, creed or political persuasion"
 Judge Marchisio, on leave from the Domestic Relations court for this service, succeeded Myron 0. Taylor as president of American Relief for Italy, Inc, after MT. Taylors recall to Italy as President Roosevelt's personal envoy to the Vatican. MT. Taylor continues with the organization as chairman of the board of directors.
 Six relief shipments were sent
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-04-12
OBITUARY

I the Snyder funeral home. lla VII. low street, Saturday at 8:i5 a. m. to the Sacred Heart church at where Q solemn high Mass of re- quiem will be celebrated. Burial will be in Calvary cemetery. Friends may call at the funeral home today from 2 to 10 p. m. and tomorrow ? to 10 ?. m.
 YORK-Asa George York, 27S5 East Main street, widower of Eliz4- beth York, died this morning at St. Mary's hospital. He was born in Portland, Maine. and had been eIn- ployed at the American Brass Co.,, for 50 years until his retirement Stv- eral years ago.
 Surviving are two sons, Asa and John, Waterbury, and five grand- children.
 The funeral will be held Satur- day at 8:l5 a. m., from the Lunny funeral home, 25 Central avenue, to the Church of Sts. Peter and Paul at for a solemn high Mass of re- quiem. Burial will be in Calvary cemetery. Friends may call at the funeral home tonight from to lU o'clock and tomorrow from 3 to 10 p. m.
 TERRELL-Mrs. Ada (TyrrclD Terrell, wife of Harry c. Terrell, 4e Stiles street, died last night at her home. Born in Naugatuck, Mrs Terrell was the daughter of the late William and Harriet (Hoar) Tyrrell She was a member of the South Congregational church and secre. tary of the Ladies Circle of the church. Mrs. Terrell was a mem- Der of Naomi Chapter, Order oi Eastern Star.
 Surviving are her husband; g. sister, Mrs. Jane T. Tripp, An. sonia; several nieces and nephews
 The funeral will be held tomor. TOW at 2 p. m. at the Aldersor, Funeral home, 70 Central avenue, with burial in New Pine Grove cemetery, Rev. M. Webb Wright South Congregational church, of- ficiating. Friends may call at the funeral home tonight from 2 to s.
 GRIFFIN-Miss Helen T. Griffin, 661 Cooke street, died this morning at St. Mary's hospital after a short illness.
 A native of County Kerry, Ire- land, she was the daughter of the late Thomas and Margaret (Sulli- van) Grifln. She had been a resi- dent of Waterbury for the past B years and had been employed at the Waterbury Mfg. Go. for more than 26 years. She was communi- cant of St. Thomas church.
 Surviving are: five sisters, Mrs. Mary Cronin, Mrs. Catherine Bauert, Mrs. Margaret Murphy, all of New York city, Mrs. Birdie Tay- Tor, Rye. N. Y, Mrs. Julia Guerin, Ireland; a brother, Michael; two aunts, Mrs. John w. Smith, with whom she lived, and Mrs. Rather inc Blood, New York city.
 The funeral will be held from the 3ergin funeral home, 29O East Main street, Saturday at 10:30 a. m. to St. Thomas church at II. Interment will be in the family plot in old St. JoSeph's cemetery. Friends may call at the funeral home this eve ming and tomorrow afternoon and evening.