davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-08-15
Business
Continued From First Page }

Wilson, executive secretary Of the
Washington Restaurant Association
said. He stated many of the down.
town restaurants, however, will re-
main open. Among the chain res
taurants that will be open are
Thompson's and Childs. The Hot
Shoppes were to be open from II
this morning to o'clock tonight.
Many of the restaurants were de-
layed this morning in opening as
numerous helpers failed to appear
on time. Managers in several res
taurants said they expected to be
oprating on a regular schedule
later in the day.
Mr.. Wilson saiG the restaurant
will only take a one-day holiday.
Approximately rs per cent of the
liquor stores in the District will be
closed today, Milton Kronheim of
Milton S. Kronheim & Son, stated.
He said most of them were closed
last night, but that all the stores
will be open tomorrow.
The Washington Gaslight Co.
gave its employees a two-day holi-
day except for a few needed to
maintain efficient service.
! The Washington Stock Exchange
| is closed today and tomorrow by
vote of its Board of Governors.
Red Cross headquarters, both in
Washington and in Alexandria, will
be closed both today and tomorrow,
it was announced.
Nurses aides. however, will be on
duty at all local hospitals today.
At Municipal Court, Chief Judge
George P. Barse said business will
be curtailed as much as possible to
allow employees to go home early
today and tomorrow. Lookup cases
will be disposed Of, and all other
cases on the calendars will be put
over where feasible, in both the
civil and criminal divisions.
The clerks Offices and the regis
trar of wills at District Court will
be open today with a skeleton staff
The registrar of wills includes the
Marriage License Bureau.
Colleges throughout the District
will be closed today. All Of them
will open tomorrow with the excep.
ton of George Washington Uni.
versity.
The public library and all Its
branches will be closed today anc
tomorrow. The exhibit rooms al
the Library Of Congress will be
open today and tomorrow but the
reading rooms will be closed fol
the two days.
Evening star., 1945-08-15

The tert OF President Truman's statement an
nounci1g the toIo1DS:
I have received this afternoon a message
from the japanese government in reply to
the message forwarded to that government by
the Secretary of State on August II. I deem
this reply full acceptance of the Potsdam
declaration which specifies the unconditional
surrender of Japan. In the reply there is no
qualification.
Arrangements are now being made for the
formal signing of surrender terms at the ear
liest possible moment
Gen. Douglas Macarthur has been appointed
the supreme allied commander to receive the
Japanese surrender. Great Britain, Russia
and China will be represented by high ranking
officers.
Meantime, the Allied armed forces have been
ordered to suspend offensive action.
The proclamation of VI day must wait upon
the formal signing of the surrender terms by
Japan.
Following is the Japanese governments mes
sage accepting our terms:
Communication of the japanese govern
ment of August IA, 1945, addressed to the gov
ernments of the United States, Great Britain,
the Soviet Union and China:
with reference to the Japanese govern
ment's note of August 10 regarding their ac
ceptance of the provisions of the Potsdam
declaration and the reply of the governments
of the United States Great Britain, the Soviet
UnlOil anu CIllIld SeIlG ny american SeCTeCdIy
of State Byrnes under the date of August II,
the japanese government have the honor to
communicate to the governments of the four
powers as follows:
81. His Majesty the Emperor has issued an
imperial rescript regarding Japans acceptance
of the provisions of the Potsdam declaration.
%. His Majesty the Emperor is prepared to
authorize and ensure the signature by his
government and the imperial general head
quarters of the necessary terms for carrying
out the provisions of the Potsdam declaration.
His majesty is also prepared to issue his COM
mands to all the military, naval and air au-
thorities of Japan and all the forces under
Evening star., 1945-08-15

dent expressed regret that he had
been unable to give them more no
tic Of the conference-indicating it
had been called the very instant
that all preliminaries had been
cleared away.
Then the President read his state
ment announcing the surrender to
which was appended the japanese
note Of acceptance. He told of his
two proclamations, said that is all, +"
and received a hurried thank you,
Mr.. President" from reporters that
broke up the conference.
Then there was a mad rush to
telephones and the word the world
had been waiting was flashed.
In surrendering, Emperor Hiro-
hito assumed full responsibility for
carrying out the terms Of capitula-
ton, and for halting all military
operations. Immediately on receipt
of this communication, the State
Department sent through the Swiss
government to the Japanese an ac-
acknowledgement which also directed
prompt cessation of hostilities" and
instructed negotiations be under
taken for the surrender to Gen
Macarthur.
Annihilation Only Alternative.
There were six major provisions
in the program laid down for the
Japanese in the Potsdam declara
ton, which offered annihilation as
the only alternative to acceptance.
In order, they called for: /. Elm.
ination for all time of "the authority
and influence of those who have de.
ceived and misled the people Of
Japan into embarking on worlc
conquest" 2. Occupation by the
Allies of the japanese homeland un.
til "a new order is established anc
there is convincing proof thai
Japan's war-making power is de-
stroyed." 3. Carrying out of the
Cairo declaration drawn up at the
Roosevelt Churchill Chang Kai.
shek meeting in December, l943, wher
it was decided that japanese SOW.
ereignty should be limited primarily
to their four home islands. 4. Dis
arming of the japanese military
forces, who are to be permitted tc
go home. S. Removal by the JAP
anese government "of all obstacles
to the revival and strengthening OF
democratic tendencies among the
japanese people" and finally, cur
tailment of japanese industry.
When the japanese sent wore
Friday that the terms would be &C.
cepted. it was conditional on the
'prerogatives" Of the Emperor re-
naming unimpaired. The Allied
answer, sent by Mr.. Byrnes, Satur.
day, refused any guarantee as to the
future. but permitted the Emperor
to function as the agent of the Jap.
anese in effecting surrender. Even.
tually, this communication said, the
japanese people must have the
right to choose their own form OF
! government.
1t was with this understanding
that the last of the Axis power.
yielded yesterday, just. three years
eight months and seven days aftel
the attack at Pearl Harbor.
President Speaks to Crowd.
| Soon after he had returned to the
White House from his office, Presi.
dent Truman came out on the north
portico to address the crowd which
was massed solidly from the iror
fence surrounding the grounds t.
deep in Lafayette Park.
j Smiling and waving to the crowd
the President, responding to con
tinued cheers, stepped to a micro
phone and, through public address
hookup, told the milling thousands
This is great day-the day W,
Evening star., 1945-08-15
Bride Flies Hiqh

Not only did Yvonne Coppert, o.
year-old British bride of an Ameri-
can flyer, cross the Channel on a
glider, and shut up in a packing
case at that, but she paid a pretty
price for the trip-after the authori-
ties caught her. She pleaded guilty
to leaving the United Kingdom
without permission and travelling
by air without permission and paid
a fine Of 500 on each charge.
Evening star., 1945-08-15
'Nucky' Johnson Freed
From Federal Prison
Ey the Associated Press

Ey the ASS0c.ated PreSS.
LEWISBURG, Pa, Aug. IS
Enoch L. (Nucky) Johnson, Atlantic
County, N. j., former Republican
leader, slipped quietly back into
civilian life today after serving four
years of a 10-year term in the
United States Penitentiary here on
charges of evading income taxes.
Warden william H. Hiatt said the
62-year-old prisoners wife drove to
the penitentiary to meet him upon
release at S pm. yesterday, but said
he did not know where they had
Evening star., 1945-08-15

have been looking for since Decem-
ber 7, 1941.
This is the day when fascism and
police government ceases in the
world.
This Is the day when democracies
when we-can start on our real
task, the implementation of free
government in the world"
Then he bespoke the help of the
people in the days to come.
Twice more, before the crowd dis
appeared, the President went out
and waved.
Evening star., 1945-08-15

gone from there. johnson was
granted a parole. He had been con-
victed of failing to report $124,000
received in 1886 and 1887 and of
having tried to evade payment of
$38,7l6 in income taxes.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05
SAN FRANCISCO AND THE COLONIALS

Colored peoples the world over are watching
with keenest interest to see how the problem OF
colonial peoples will be handled in San Francisco
In making the peace the nations of the world can
not long continue to overlook the implications of
colonial empires. Represented at San Francisco are
Haiti, Liberia, Ethiopia the Dominican Republic,
Costa RIGA, Cuba, Egypt the Philippines. There are
Indian observers present in addition to the British
dominated official Indian delegation and American
Negroes, too are represented as observers and re-
porters All have vital stake in the fate Of op-
pressed peoples of the world.
No other question to be discussed at San Fran
cisco is more fraught with Importance for the future
peace l. F. Stone in an article in the last weeks
Nation states the issue clearly:
"a less immediate and longer-range problem
which will decide the stability of the peace is the
treatment of the colonial peoples Here lies the pos
sibility of conflicts more serious than another
falling out among the European peoples. How
ever Correct" the attitude of the Soviet Union,
however conservative and conciliatory the policies
of the Communist parties, the example of racial
equality in the Soviet Union will be constant
proach and irrtant to coloniasm as Soviet full
employment will be to capitalism.
Ittle has been said in the West of the spectacle
provided by the farce Of India" at San Francisco
and of India" in the Assembly of the proposed
new world organization. The delegation is made
up entirely of British stooges and it is Britain
which will cast midas vote in the Assembly. We
may be sure that the full implications of the sight
will not be lost on the colonial peoples. In the
handling of the colonial problem, we must either
invoke prejudice and race hatred, fascist style, or
move forward to the admission of the colonial and
coored peoples into full equality and partnership A
few millions of European whites cannot forever
dominate hundred of millions of brown and yellow
people This is another of the fundamental ques-
tons which must be faced and answered if the San
Francisco peace organization is to last"
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05

soldiers view these mass murders have also acted
wisely. 1t is we'll that the German civilians who
lived in close proximity to the sites of the sadstic
orgies of their fellow Germans should be held in
some measure responsible for the crimes. All this
and more is needed to impress upon the conscience
of the world that mans bestiality cannot be al
lowed to 60 unchecked
The inhumanty of man to man has not lessened
with the advance of our much Wanted civilization.
Unless some way is found to reclaim the sick minds
of those who Cypress and mstreat their fellow men
this war will have been fought in vain The fate of
all the peoples of the world are bound up together;
what happens to coolie in China, to Jew in Ger
many, to South African native, to peasant in
India to Negro in South is the concern of each
one Of us. The Poet John Donne said it many years
ago:
mo man is an Hand, intire of it selfe; every
man is piece of the Continent part of the maine
. :. any mans death dminishes me, because am in
volved in Mankinde; And therefore never send to
know for whom the bell tolls; 1t tolls for thee"
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05
A SUGGESTION

While we will always be the first to admit our
innocence of any knowledge of so-called high IL
nance. we would like to suggest an investment to
our wealthy colleagues which we believe has great
merit. The news dispatches last week led us to be-
lieve that some of our flush friends may be in need
Of financial advice. We hope, therefore, that our
suggestion will be regarded as public service.
After all we merely want to be helpful.
Of course, the suggestion we wish to make
will not open the door of any gold mine, but, on the
other hand the risks involved are negligible. 1t
would put the investor on the ground floor OF one
of the finest enterprises we know. And, of course,
there is nothing like being on the ground floor on
good deal
The suggestion again is not original with us.
AS matter Of fact no investment in history has
been better publiczed. We hear of it on the radio,
read of it on biboards, placards and in the news
papers. Some Of our shrewdest readers by now
know what we have in mind Anyway here it is
and if you follow the suggestion, we are willing to
bet the whole United States that you will never be
called sucker Yes ladies and gentlemen, its
easy dough with no strings attached. BUY WAR
BONDS.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05
MANS INHUMANITY

In the years of war with Germany much has
been written about the German people and the Ger
man mentality in an effort to fathom just what
makes German tick No more revealing insight
on the Germans has been forthcoming, however,
than the H1Gs4t discovery of new atrocities perpe
trated by them. 1t is difficult to comprehend the
mentality of people which produces men who
could organize with such iendsh efficiency the
murders which are now shocking the civilized world.
The human mind can scarcely encompass the horror
of these sights if it were not for the photographs
sent back which tell the whole story.
General Eisenhower is to be commended for
his action in having group of senator's and news
paper editors visit the scenes of Nazi brutality.
Those officers on the German front who had their
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05
ATTENTION MAJOR JEFFRlES
AND PAC

ATTENTION MAJOR JEFFRlES
AND PAC
DISQUIETING RUMORS persist
that CLOS Political Action Com
mittee leaders here in Detroit might
make a deal win Mayor JefferieS.
The nature Of the alleged deal is
not divulged but the assumption is
that il would be in aid Of Jefferies'
chances in the coming municipal
election.
We do not know il these rumors
have any bass in fact II is not a
foregone conclusion that the mayor
will seek reelection. 1t may be
expected. however, that il he does
not run he at least would like 10
see himself succeeded by someone
who will continue his policies.
II Is 10 he hoped that these
rumors of q JefferieS-PAC deal
are just idle gossip. II seems in
conceivable that the astute politi-
cal leaders who guided the sue
cessful campaign wased by PAC
here in 1914 would make such a
blunder. The Negro vote. which
Is a pretty big slice Of PAC sup
port in Detroit, Is not so irrevoca-
bly, welded to PAC that 1t will
70 along blindly with any choice
PAC decides to make.
THIS is TRUE first because there
is nobody in the top leadership OF
PAC in Wayne county who can in
fluence the vote Of the bulk OF the
Negroes in the CIO and is thus
capable Of speaking for Negro
voters in the higher councils OF the
PAC.
II is true in the second place be-
cause the very name Of Je1eries is
irretrievabS associated by Negroes
with everything in this city which
they dislike most.
We reach this conclusion after
talking with innumerable colored
citizens OF Detroit. They are not
clamoring for Negro representa-
ton at the top hierarchy OF the
County PAC; rather, they ask only
that PAC give a little more atten-
ton 10 their desires in its political
planning. On the matter Of JcfferIes
and the next two years they nave
relatively fixed convictions. Their
indictment against the mayor runs
something like this:
FIRST. In the last msyoralty
campaign he aligned himself with
the most vicious rsce-baitins
groups in the community; his more
vociferous supporters include the
Gerald l.. X. Smith crowd. the
XXX, and an assortment OF i'm
ported southern fascists who have
brought their racial prejudlces
with them.
SECOND. He is the one Stun
bling block which stands IN the
way OF the legitimate aspirations
OF Negroes land some Of the poorer
white people also) for more and
decent housing. While he has sue
ceeded temporarily in making his
controlled Common Council the
whipping boy for the logical con-
sequences OF his own perverse
thoughts about Negroes. even the
most naive among us know that If
he had honestly retracted his nom
sense about preserving the racial
identity of neighborhoods," Federal
money for much-nceded low-cost
housing would not have been re-
fused by the Council upon the
flimsy excuse that suitable sites for
unrestricted occupancy are not
available.
THIRD. His jim-crow policy on
housing is contributing directly 10
the growth of racial tension, the
spread Of contagious disease in con-
gested areas. the refusal OF fair en-
ployment opportunities 10 Negro
workers and the increasing Incl
dence Of crime and juvenile delln-
quency among the workers OF De-
trniL
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05

however, ] IN
tend TO get a
job eventually.
1t is obvious
that somebody
VIII have 10 be
laid off 10 make
room for re-
turning service
men. Some Of
the people who
have come 10
Detroit for war
work will re-
turn but n OF
enough 10 make
jobs for every
one, even when
we start max
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05

its very nature.
very n a [ u r e,
e X C ! udes any
serious consid-
Grafton Of the
e C o n omic and
S o c a ! ills of
the black peo-
D Re Of I h e
world, as these
&C o nonic and
social ills re-
late TO world
peace and Sc
curity. In other
w or d S. the
power of the
a S S e m b ! y.
which is the
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05

| expect TO stay
in Detroit after
the war. IL l
am laid off, l
think ! would
wait and try 10
get a job maxi
ing cars rather
than go in I o
any k n d Of
small business.
| don't know
what | would
do between the
time they stop
m a k in Z W ar
material a n d
start making
cars again.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05

that won I exist
when we start
m a k n & cars
again. We won't
be making as
many cars as
munitions. The
influx OF war
laborers cannot
be absorbed by
the car indus
try since those
people we're not
here originally.
II o w e V er, If
everyone would
20 back 10 his
original job OF
farm ing and
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05

cAhy as pAhA Go
we m a i n I a j n
modified W ar
production. This
is true because
the present Ia
Dor force is
greater than at
any period IN
p e a C i / m G.
NJ a n y persons
n OF ordinarily
e m p o y e d -
married w o m
en-, people past
As, etc. - will
want to con-
tinue working.
We will have
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05
THE FACTS
IN OUR NEWS
LITTLE HOPE IN
SAN FRANCISCO FOR BLACK
PEOPLE OF THE WORLD
Bv HORACE A. WHITE

PITTSBURGH, Pa. - The San
Francisco World conference will
act within a framework that was
set up at Dumbarton Cakes. This
Dumbarton Cakes framework, by
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05

sci NlNtllltIi Gllu
the population
has increased to
abnormal pro-
portions during
wartime and !
don't feel that
the Car indus
try can possibly
furnish employ
ment for such a
gre { number
Of W DIRK rs.
w q m g n w ]
probsb leave
industry a Ito
eth er an d
so m q 81 the
Or eSenf Mar
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05
LABOR LOOKS AHEAD
By GEORGE w. CROCKETT

FOURTH. He has strateSically
placed stooges in all sections OF the
community who ostensibly are car
ried on the city's payrollS as en-
pioyees OF the city but actually are
used by him as emisSarles TO dis
rupt anti-JefferieS' meetings and
report back 10 him the names OF
the persons and organizations re-
sponSible for such meetings. The
most recent example Of TINS was
the attempt 10 stymie the meeting
which endorsed Rev. Charles 4.
Hill for election 10 the Common
Council.
FIFTH. The city's police force, In
spite Of the intelligent efforts Of
lis present commissioner 10 make
IL otherwise, IS still predominanuy
anii-labor and anti-Negro.
SIXTH His one good will gesture
Of appointing an lntcr-raclal com
mittee has been shown Up for what
it really ia clever piece OF po-
lltical maneuverlng designed 10
soothe his own conscience and Gre
ate a talking point for those Of MS
stooges who still delude themselves
into believing that they can sell
the mayor TO the Negro electorate.
His appointecs 10 the committee
are. for the most part "a highly
intelligent body of ;imid souls"
who still feel that the commune
tvs temperament on racial issues
is in the soft-pedallng. Sunday
school stage.
SEVENTS. -L.tCr-raCial COM
mittee dared not lndorSe Michigan
FEPC legislation, Notwithstanding
every thinking citizen IN this city
knew that employment dlscrimi-
nation, next 10 bad housing. was
and is at the root Of most Of our
racial troubles and doubtlessly viii
provide the spark for the next
racial combustion.
EIGHTH. His Inter-racial COM
mttee dareS not publicly condemn
the discriminatory refusal OF the
Checker Cab Company 10 accept
Negro fares, Notwithstanding that
issue has been clearly presented 10
the committee by its labor member,
Walter Hardin.
NINTH. His lntcr-racial commit
mittee dares not call in the reSpOn-
slblc heads OF the city's public
school system and investigate
openly the discrimination in teach
er assignments and promotions and
the various incidents OF racial and
religious intolerance which daily
crop UP in Detroit classrooms.
TENTH. The mayor has failed 10
instruct the city's law enforcement
officers county too 10 encourage
rather than discourage observance
Of the Michigan Civil Rights Law
by business places in Detroit.
Those are a few Of the moro
specific charges We have heard
levellcd at the present city admin
lsnauon.
Maybe they are without merit
However, after hearing them re-
peated over and over again by
workers--white as we'll as black
who have no political AK to grind.
we are persuaded that there IS
some truth in them.
This brings us back 20 our orig
inal point: If PAC is toying with
the idea of making any Kind Of
political deal that calls for the re-
tention OF Mayor Jefferies or the
mayors choice OF successor at
City Hall. it is playing with dyna-
mite. II PAC does not harbor any
such idea then it should make that
fact known Immediately. The long
or the rumors persist the more
credence they VII receive
credencc which il will Be increas-
ingly difficult 10 erase as time
goes bv
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05
RICHARD WRIGHT
INTERVIEWED

An interview with Richard
Wright by Charles J Rolo in the
May issue of Tomorrow closes with
these words: After mee<iug Rich
ard Wright one is convinced that
he Will take lot OF explaining,
even with his own pen. Outward
~ the author OF BLACK BOY IL
aiIablc. poised. quick u smile, al
most gay. When he speaks Of the
Negro, the tone is intense but still
restrained. though the words, writ
ten down. are strong stuff. Here
perhaps is clue 10 this strangely
gifted personality -. But in Rich
ard Wright two forces are still at
war, and the North has not yet
completely won its battle over the
South. which has been so much
part Of him.
Tomorrow is a magazine we'll
worth your attention for It's excel
lent articles. good short stories, and
Informed criticism Of books and
the thcster II is published by the
Creative Age Press and sells for
50 cents
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05

to develop new industries and ex-
tended foreign trade TO provide full
postwar employment for our post
war labor force.