davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-11-08
Scouts PIun Honor Court

The Alexandria District, Boy
Scouts Of America, will hold Court
Of Honor at 8 pm. tomorrow in the
auditorium Of the Virginia Electric
& Power Co., under the direction OF
George Sloan, chairman of the local
Advancement Committee. Following
the presentation Of awards, special
movies win be shown by the District
Commissioner, Donald Summers.
Evening star., 1945-11-08
|RondoIph Bishop Heods
Montgomery COP Club

Randolph q. Bishop has been
named president Of the Republican
Club Of Montgomery County. He
succeeds Louis A, Gravelle, who
served during the organization Of
the club. ST.
Mr.. Bishop was president Of the
Suburban Hospital for two years and
Is 4 member OF the hospitals Board
Of Trustees. In 1912, he was awarded
the Oliver Owen Kuhn Cup jointly
with Mrs. Walter Perry for his con-
|tribution to Bethesda in hospital
work,
Evening star., 1945-11-08
Civic Leuque Plans Dunce

The Brool1nont Civic League win
hold its annual square dance 1T
ip.m. tomorrow ct the Glen. Echo,
md, Fire Hall
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21
The WA1CHT0WER
By ROY WILKINS

They still continued their labor battalions They
still sent preponderance of Negroes to loading
ammunition They still had the problem of pro-
motions. But they worked at all these. Then they
launched a combat ship with mixed personnel.
Then they made some commissioned officers,
the first Negroes of this rank in the modern
Navy. They spotted some other candidates in
the viz college training schools. They took in
Negro WAVES and assigned them to training
and to duty without using color as basis. Then
they ordered the use Of Negroes Up to 10 per
cent on all non-cQmbat vessels. Finally they
have abolished thu segregated training center.
All is not perfect in the Navy, but this record
begins to look as though someone has definite
policy and is at work upon il. This slow ld-up
this gradual approach toward the goal we all
seek is something TO watch 1t may yet be that
the Navy will outstrip the Army in the oppor-
tunties il offers to Negroes II may be that
despite the long tradition of Deep South white
men in the Navy, despite the fact that Annapo-
lis has had an iron-clad ban on Negro cadets,
way will be opened. All Negroes know that when
a prejudced white Southerner really changes his
mind on the Negro question he is ten times
more liberal than liberal" northern whites.
The millennium is not here. Perhaps we are
Growing too soon and too loudly, but il does no
harm to note the signs Of the times. We should
give the devil his due The Navy, which has
been the biggest devil this race question, is
due credit for what il has done thus far Once the
idea gets around that il intends to give the Ne
gro fair break. from mess attendant on up the
line. it will have plenty of applications from
bright, eager patriotic young Negroes who want
TO serve their country with dignity and self
respect.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21
BY HARRY o. ovERSrREET
CONDENSED From The Inter racial Review

DSYCHlATRlC and psychoanalytic studies
have made familiar with the idea of
psychic-iraumais. They have shown that such
wounds are most frequently inflicted in child
hood and, If left unhealed tester in the sub
conscious, revealing themselves many years later
as psychological diseases Of adulthood
Psychic wounds however. are inflicted not
merely in childhood. Every environment that
a human being enters, whether in adolescence or
adulthood. is potential infcter OF wounds.
School, industry, the various social institutions
like clubs, hotels theatres-can have positive
or negative effects upon the individual: they can
make him feel wanted and secure or they can
slap him in the face, humiliate him, make him
feel outcast and insecure
1t is commonplace that the Negro in our
American society is peculiarly subject 10 these
inSitutionally~ inflicted wounds. In countless
ways ne is made TO feel unNanted and too often
despised and elected The average American is
little given TO investigating what this does 20
the emotional and moral life Of he Negro Yet
even the slightest acquaintance with psyche
logical literature should make him aware that
such psychic wounding must have its unfortu-
nate. if not dangerous. effects.
We In the North frequently feel that do
pretty well by the Negro. since we refuse 10
place upon him many restrictions imposed in
the South. Yet Investigation reveals the fact
that our Northern racial liberalism. because OF
lis many self cont additions. Is fraushi with
dangers 10 the Negro.
In his Color Class and Personality. published
two years ago. DR.. Robert l.. Sutherland has
made. among other things, study of Northern
Negro youth. He finds among these young
Negroes Illustrations of a type singlarly CALLING,
that often lead TO msformstions OF character
and distortions Of behavior.
In the North. Sutherland points out the
traditions OF racial liberalism have gwen the
Negro youth an expectation Of freedom in COM
munity life This is particularly true in the
smaller communities.
In their childhood experiences they are &C
cepted IN churches in the schools, and on the
Fairgrounds. Some are favored by white teach
efs, who. recognizing their traditional handicap,
give them special encouragement Service clubs
allocate par, Of their educational funds to Negro
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21

as I do. occasionally should make
a regular movie love story rs
change Of pace This story. sd-
mittedly, IL an escspist fairy stale
but a good one. well done. enter
tanning. For me It's interesting be-
cause Of the technical difficulties
in playing two people in the same
picture. Also. for my hrst as a
producer. wanted 10 do some
thing not too difficult. You under
stand that"
She told me that after her next
picture. Ethan Frome, she would
do the Ellen Berlin novel. Land I
Have Chosen" which she urged me
To read She said il was the sort OF
story that would surely give audi
ences something 10 think about
when they leave the thester."
Bettering race relations seems
10 be the cause closest 10 her
heart. She mentioned that Sam
Coldwyn had bought the novel.
Earth and High Heaven" In
which the hero. 6 Jew. marries
q gentle. She thought this would
be a great challenge to Mr.. Gold
wyn's intelli"enee and sensitivity.
She feels it's high time the
movies treated Negroes and Jews
as ordinary citizens. neither
ignorins them nor making great
bones shout them. Soon. I hope"
she said, - colored person on the
screen will he neither Aunt
Jemina nor Rochester. And
Jew. I hope. will not be carica-
tured IS about Ia make . million
dollars or telling mother -in-law
jokes with . cigar stuck In his
mouth"
What was il in her own expert
ence. asked. that gave her toll
erance and made her think like
Roosevelt Democrat?
II had . rather wonderful edu-
cation" she said. FIRST Ut North
held SEMINARY. In the Berkshires.
II was . hi~hIy religious institu-
ton with all races-a wonderful
Negro girl was valedictorian Of
nv class"
After that she lived in New York
a year with her sister and mother.
The girls went 10 PS 1853. 145th and
Broadway. while the mother at
tended the Clarence H. White
School Of Photography. The ex-
perience at PS l68. Bette feels,
helped her overcome her rather
genteel New England beginnings"
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21

criminal for a woman today to
admit she doesn't know what the
hell goes on. With all the books
on every subject. and magazines
and pamphlets - every woman
OUGHT tn read enough 10 sort II
out for herself"
We talked about the difficulty in
finding time to read everything
required by the complexities OF the
issues The more you read" Bette
remarked, the more you've got TO
know"
| inquired about the 'meddling"
she had been doing recently and
learned that she had appeared on
the Norman Corwin broadcast the
night before the San Francisco
Conference opened. had made the
Introductory speech at the dinner
the Free World Association gave
for Archibald MacLeish. and at
dinner one night in local restau-
rant, had discussed race relations
with people from the Urban
League, a Negro organization.
COne night shortly after my talk
with Bette. ! went TO a mass meet
ing of the Hollywood Democratic
Commute. an independent organi-
cation for political action in which
Bette is interested She got there
al the start. 8 o'clock. though she
isn't finished al the studio till past
$50. and stuck il out till the end.
at II. watched her squirm rest
lessly in her chair on the platform,
smoking a chain Of cigarets, OBJ
viously frazzled from a day that
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21

Navy With no segregation whatsoever. In TACT,
rumor had it that the Navy had studied the
Armys method of dealing with Negroes and
had come to the conclusion that it would 60
much beyond the old Army concepts.
All the general moves of the Navy since that
time have tended to support the rumor. OF course
there have been incidents of rank injustice to
Negroes. There have been many incidents of
bald and stupid segregation and discrimination.
There have been many individual commanders
Gust as there are in the Army who have failed
TO follow the policy being evolved in Washing
ton.
But in the general moves. the Navy has
seemed to be on the right track. First they &C.
cepted Negroes in branches other than mess at
tendant. Then they instituted specialist schools.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21

pire. By liquidation" Of course.
he meant changes which would
give real freedom 10 Britain's
subject peoples. And In his re-
cent campaign speeches he has
revealed too clearly the petty
and petulsnt side Of his nature
which looks upon British re-
form at home as Communists"
snd "Sovietism"
No. ever since his dsShing DAYS
as a correspondent in the Boer
War. Winston Churchill has been
an exciting and inspiring fghter
IN BrIisins wars, and an effective
opponent ~ British progress in
resce That is why there IS deep
and widespread and genuine op-
position - hin IN England today.
even though the war IN Asa 70
tt1A nnYaR
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21
This Is q portion Of an interview
with Bette Davis that appeared In
PM under the above titlel.

PM under the above titlel.
We got talking then about Bette's
work in behalf Of Roosevelt last
fall.
II made a speech in Madison
Square Garden" she said. 1T was
my baptism in politics. She wig
gled around and finally pulled her
trousered leg up. hooking her heel
onto the seat Of the chair. Il used
20 believe people of my group
shouldn't NEEDLE in politics
asked what had changed her
mind and I gathered this was not
an easy question for her 10 answer.
II had been many things but main
~ the war which had dramatized
for her the problems we face.
Actors Must NEEDLE
Il decided my silent position
vas wrong for the times-as a
citizen with an interest in my
country. felt should speak out.
Actors. because of their influence
on the public. have a duty 10 keep
informed. A we'll chosen remark
from us-if we believe it-about
race discrimination. for instance.
might be OF great help. From the
standpoint Of the good we can do
| think actors now MUST NEEDLE.
II am no authority on politics.
I am not comfortable In this
medium. II takes tremendous
reading and study. II will never
he my best role-she drove her
fist through the air - but It's
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21

cannot too long endure. Some
times have wondered how
long Negroes can maintain their
self-control, their equanimity.
their forbearance, their sanity.
Yet. the sure quick road to dis
aster Is hate, despair. loss Of
faith.
The white man must meet the
Negro halfway: more than half
way. But the Negro must not turn
away in suspicion when the white
reaches out friendly hand. II is
so easy 10 use ones hate as
crutch 10 lean upon when one
feels weak. Ii is easy TO use feel
ings of persecution as an excuse
not u change ones own attitude
AS an excuse MOTTO act con-
structively. Many Negroes today
are INDUCING in destructive feel
lngs of self-pity. persecution de
lusions. hate and resentment to-
ward even the most decent white
persons. Some are letting out their
destructive feelings in loud talk.
rude manners. aggressiveness, IA
mlliarity. hyper-sensitlveneSs On
ly the stupid and blind among
white people can fail TO under
stand why this is so. Only the un'
fair white will refuse 10 accept
his, full share Of blame for thi:
situation But the situation exist:
and IL is the responsibility OF ev-
cry sane, intelligent Christian Ne
gro as we'll as every Christian
white TO do all ne can To develop
a spirit of cooperation and sym
PATTY and faith between members
Of the two races.
We human beings have some
hard lessons to learn. They will
not be easy TO learn but we can
learn them. We must learn
above all the First Lesson that
all the earth needs 10 know:
That Christianity. democracy
and sanity. all three. center in
love and brotherhood. in shar-
ing Of 4 common humanity, In
making room on this earth for
all toll or IL In human dig
nifty and with self-esteem: In
making room In our own hearts
for understanding. and love,
and simple decency.
had begun at yet determined TO
see the thing through properly
Bette told me that she had an
enormous interest in the role the
motion pictures can play in help
ing people 10 think about the prob
lens OF the day. She said that. OF
course the industry was only just
awakening 10 the possibilities but
she was happy TO say Warmers
were out in front. trying
II she was so interested in say
ing something in pictures. Why was
she making such trivial Aim as A
Stolen Life
She reclied quickly Actresses
who specialize in character work
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21
CHURCHILL: THE MAN, THE POLITICIAN

In England they tell a story
about Prime Minister Churchill
going Ia see some of the damage
inflicted on London by the Ger
man V-bombs last year. This is
Just like the good old days! the
wonderful old warrior exclaimed,
as he cared on ncwly-smashed
buildings and rubble all around.
Britons who revere Churchill as
their incompatible wartime Lead
or often quote this remark 10
show why they are opposed 10
him as a peace-time politician.
For the good old days" OF Dun
kirk and the bliI and the British
retreat Ia victory" IN Africa and
Asia were the great DAYS o. Win
ston Churchill II Vas then that
his bulldog strength and hEhting
spirit symboAEed the unbeatable
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21
Indian Confab
Called Failure
Despite Nceroy
Nv FRANK BOLDEN

DELHI-Via RIGA, July 49,
The Simla Conference ended in
failure al 1890 this afternoon. de-
spite the Viccroy's desire n have
1t otherwise The closing session &C.
CURED in friendly atmosphere for
the leaders could not agree upon
the strength and composition Of the
Executive Council This has been
= problem from the beginning to
the end.
The conference WAS called
strictly for political discussions.
hut factions made IL . religious
debate In which communal feel
ings held the center OF attraction.
The MUSLIN League, headed by
Jinnah. replied that the final
proposition was most unSatis-
factory. therefore. II was decided
II would he useless 10 continue
the conference. The Muslin
eague to the last demanded the
right 10 nominate all Muslin
seats.
THE VICEROY assumed full re-
sonsioilty for the failure saying
that II the conference succeeded.
the success would have been at
tributed 10 him. therefore. he
couldn't place the blame for failure
on any of the parties. He appealed
20 various groups To avoid recrimi-
nations and 10 exercise restraint
Turn into the future" Wsvell
said. He proposed 10 take time TO
consider in what way he could
best help India. War against Japan
must be carried on. and law and
order must be maintained: and II,
ace my way clearer than ! do
now. IL may be difficult. perhaps
impossible. 10 suggest any new
move. II will be my duty to see
that these tasks are performed with
the greatest energy that can i'm
pose and cannot permit any him
drance 10 them. My selections
would, think. have given a BAL
anced and efficient Executive Coun-
Gil. whose composition would have
been reasonably fair 10 all parties.
] didn't find il possible, however.
10 accept the claims of any party
in full | have received proposed
name lists from every party but
the MUSLIN League and the Euro.
pesn group. ! have the privilege OF
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21
Urges Farmers Use
Business Methods

WASHINGTON. u, C-"Tcsch
the farmers 10 use business meth
DDS. and 10 keep books" was tie
advice offered by c c. Spaulding,
president Of the North Carolina
Mutual Life Insurance company.
and the Durham. ", c. Mechanics
and Farmers Bank. IN an address
before the South-Wide conference
Of colored State and District EX-
tension Service supervisors. meet
ing here last week al the US. De-
partment Of Agriculture.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21

British people. battling FOR their
very lives. No one OF our genera
ton can ever forget the picture Of
the Prime Minister. bowler-hatted,
cigar in teeth. clutchlng a tommy
gun on the shores OF England. or
his blood. sweat and tears ora
tory which gave a new and thrill
Ing greatness TO the English lam
guaGe.
But now that Britons are
thinking Of peace. of recOnstrue-
ton. Of necessary new ways Of
living with themselves sad the
world. Churchill already seems
to belong 10 the past lie him
self has recognized and said this
in MANY ways. He did not be-
come the Kings First Minister.
he said belliEersRtly, to preside
over The liquidation Of the En-
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21
Sees Negro Growth
In Birth Control

CHICAGO.-"The Negro popu-
latlon in the United States can
best be increased by birth con-
troll"
Writing in the July issue Of Ne
gro Digest. DR.. Z. Franklin Fra.
Tier argues:
The survival and progress Of
the Negro race depends not upon
how many babies are born. but
upon how many live 10 become
strong. healthy and useful adults"
DR.. Frazier. professor Of sociol.
oey al Howard university. main.
tains that birth control Is the best
method to assure more NEGRO
babies.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21

cording TO official Navy de-
partment announcement.
Hereafter Negro sailors will
be trained along with whites
at whatever training station is
designated for their particular
branch of the service. They
~'ill use the same classrooms.
the same barracks, and the
same mess halls.
This latest action of the
Navy fits in with the rumors
current some months ago that
the Navy intended to work on
a program looking to complete
indignation of Negroes into the
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21

II. c. Rhswn publisher of the Clarksburg News Carks-
burg w. Va sends q copy of letter from soldier In
Burma which appeared recently in his paper The letter
describes the skill of Negro truck drivers Of the Engineer
Corps the perous Ledo Road Those Negro drivers
wonderful With all the nonchslance and apomb OF
of the Mitchell taxcab drivers they steer those mon
ster trucks past 00foot and around hapn turns
the muddy bottom And poor devils, don't past
those The soldier closes with the wish that south
whtesupremseists could this faithful application
of eNuragA and Drawn"
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21
THIS IS MY BELIEF
BY ADALIA GAYLES

My dear you been travelling and knows just
how far,
But my thoughts and prayers with you always.
wherever you
know YOU can not write but wait for the mail each
day
believe that as soon possible there will be letter
its way.
At present this message leaves the family. and al the
neghbors well
| believe this war will be than we can tell,
All the things have hoped and prayed for will finally
SO shall continue being faithful which the best can
do
When at last this confusion is over to use will then
That the things loved most and did without only
dream
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21
BY LILLIAN SMITH

bN LILLIAN SMIl II
Il is difficult to explain on ra-
tional levels the panic which SO
many white people feel when the
removal Of segregation barriers IS
talked about. Only by probing
deeply into our emotional need
for these barriers can We realize
their siren 9Th. and the effect they
have had on all OF our culture
Perhaps u viii give Us more IN
i2ht Il We remind ourselves OF
how We learned about segregation.
We learned about segregation
when We we're Amos, TOO little 20
know words We. who arc white.
learned this lesson from the peo-
pie NC love noSt-our families.
We learned about race AT the
same time We learned about God
and sex We knew from our
mothers tone that We were learn
ing important things We hardly
understood reasons. but We knew
there was way 20 think about
God. way 10 think about our
bodles-and way 10 think about
Negroes Segregation became for
us 2 kind of taboo around which
clustered fears and dread-juSt as
certain aspects Of sex became ia
boo We feared 20 break these ia
ooos We fear them today
Good people. Christian people
especially in the South where
We are trained so young-react
In terror. almost in irrational
panic when the breaking of seq
regstion taboos Is discussed.
Some good Christians while be-
lievinf In brotherhood. look up
on segregation as thew look upon
the incest barrier. They actual
" would feel guilty II they
broke down segregation. They
would almost feel that they had
sinned. I have known white
Christians who felt physical ill
ness the first time they ate with
Negro.
Consciously. they were al case.
they wanted - break me taboo.
But A. UNCONSCIOUS leyels, all was
not we'll with them. Cult fee
in2s were stirred and these guilt
feelings Sceped up 10 the surface
AS sensations 81 physical Illness.
Good Christians Confused
This early training. mingled as
( is with sex and God. with
right and wrong" has lef. 9TH
erwise good Christians profoundly
confused. profoundly in conflict
II they believe in the teachings al
Jesus they must give UP the early
teachings Of their beloved fami-
lies. For some people this is hard
10 do II IS like tearing part Of
your LIE out We must have SYM
paihy and patience for al, such
troubled souls. vet We must re-
member that new insight. warm
desire can change any human be-
ing. that perhaps this is today's
moral equivalent Of the old-tims
conversion our families believed
in
To ease the conflict with our
conscience. to III segregation in
to the Christian pattern. we
made up stories about the great
ness ~ the w"'te msn and the
smallneS sof the Negro-stories
about . white skin that gives a
miraculous superiority. and
black skin that gives only shame
and humiliation. And after a
time. we learned 10 believe the
stories we teld ourselves. We
increased our stature by stand
inx on the Negro and actually
believed we were taller as ne
Law there beneath our feet
Tine passed these s,orie.
c~eatel images Nv our minds that
after a time. hardened into s,eree.
iyPes then became marks which
hid from our eyes the human be.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21
JEWEL

In Lexington. Ky. answering
an ad which offered to sell
Beautiful Mans Genuine ltal-
ian Heavy Cameo Ring" one
eager woman wrote: Il don't
care anything about the ring.
but I'd like u bid on the beau
tiful man."-Nme.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21
TRICkED

I'm going 10 have our mar
rage annulIed."
Home Gomez"
Il just found out that your IA
Their did not have . license to
carry . gun."-Bam.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-21

One more move has been made by the Navy
looking toward the elimination of separation
and discrimination. The separate training camp.
named for Robert Smalls, at the Great Lakes
Naval Training station, set up for the training
of Negro sailors alone, has been abandoned, ac-