davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-03-26
Munpower
Continued From First Page }

tatives May, Democrat. of Kentucky;
Thomason, Democrat. of Texas
Brooks. Democrat, of Louisiana, and
Andrews. Republican. of New York
Senator O'Mahoney declared the
freeze" provision gives War Mo.
bilization Director Byrnes unlimited
power, subject only to his discre-
tion,' to prohibit individuals from
voluntarily discontinuing employ
ment
Chairman Thomas agreed that il
is "a very strong bill and delegates
great powers, but can only be usec
where needed" He added that it is 9
measure that will have to be care
fully and wisely administered
Not Antistrike Weapon.
Before the confereeeS assembled
this morning. Senator Thomas de-
MED the bill is intended to be usec
as an antistrike weapon, after an.
other conferee was reported as
having expressed the opinion pri-
vately that it could be so used.
The House will vote on the com
promise tomorrow. after which il
will be called up in the Senate
where it is likely to face its mos
severe test. The Senate passed its
bill, confining all penalties to en-
ployers. So to Is. Previously. it hac
voted down, 60 to %. the work draft
principle of the House measure.
In the compromise the House
abandoned its plan to let locaI
boards draft men 18 to As for wal
jobs, while the Senate group agreed
to apply the same penalties to en-
ployes and employers for violating
job control regulations to be laio
down under the bill.
The penalties on employer or EN-.
ploye for violating a freeze" order
or other hiring regulations are us
to $4,000, or one year in jail, OF
both. Mr. Byrnes is directed to
establish by regulation system
of appeals to an administrative
tribunal for any individual who
claims any action taken under the
bill is unreasonable or inconsistent
with the law.
Byrnes' Powers Discretionary,
Mr.. Byrnes is given discretionary
power, acting through any other
Government agency, to do three
things: Cd Fix employment ceilings
on an area or plant; CD prohibit OF
regulate hiring, rehiring, solicitation
or recruitment of workers: 90 freeze
workers in any area, plant or on a
farm when he deems it essential
to the war effort.
While the House work draft bill
applied only to men between 18 and
As. the freeze" and other regula-
tons in the final draft cover men
and women. regardless of age.
Calling it q tremendously dam
gerous bill,' Senator OMahoney
said it started out as q work-or-
fight bill for slackers, and turns out
to be directed at patriotic men
women and children who have out
produced the world"
The final draft also includes these
provisions: A direction to Mr.
Byrnes to have surveys made to de-
,termine the use being made of man.
power, not only in private industry,
Evening star., 1945-03-26
William Lee Weast, 81,
Dies After Iona Illness

William Lee Weast, 81. of 5715
Kansas avenue NV, retired Naval
Observatory employe. died yesterday
Evening star., 1945-03-26
Rupertus
Continued From First Page

base at Quantico and several similar
assignments. the outbreak OF the
war found Gen. Rupertus as assist
ant commander of the lst Marine
Division at New River. N. c.. one
of the first units to be sent to the
South Pacific. His career had been
associated with all the engage
ments of that division from Guadal-
canal to Peleliu
Admiral Chester w. Nimitz, COM
mander of the Navy forces in the
Pacific. awarded Gen. Rupertus the
Navy Cross for his leadership in the
Solomons campaign. Later. when
1t. Gen. A. A. Vandegrift was
named commandant of the Marine
Corps, Gen. Rupertus took COM
mand of the 1st Division. which he
led in the assault on Cape Glou-
cester. New Britain. For his service
in that campaign, Gen. Douglas A..
Macarthur pinned the Distinguished
Service Medal on him.
After the Cape Gloucester action,
Gen. Macarthur went ashore from
an American cruiser to thank Gen.
Rupertus personally for the valor of
his division. The citation accom-
panying the award said it was made
for exceptionally meritoriolls and
distinguished service during an un-
dertaking fraught with hazard when
Gen. Rupertus overcame great diff
culties of weather and terrain that
faced his force.
Brilliant Maneuvering.
after firmly establishing a beach,
head between two large enemy
forces, he brilliantly maneuvered
his troops to destroy each in turn.
Although the stubbornly resisting
enemy had every advantage of ter
rain and established defenses, he in
f1icted on it disproportionate losses
exceeding a ratio of 10 to /. The
skillful and courageous leadership
Iof Gen. Rupertus was largely re-
sponsible for the success of this bold
extension of our operations.
Gen. Rupertus' now famed LIST
Division, which had earned a repu-
tation at Tulagi in the Solomons
before the Cape Gloucester landing,
went on through the amphibious
campaign which eventually led to
the reoccupation of the Philippines.
The landing at Peleliu, where the
division won beachhead and de-
Tended it against furious Japa-
nese counterattacks, was made
against intricate permanent defenses
manned by an estimated 10000
enemy troops and was considered
one of the most strategic victories
in the Philippines campaign.
After the Peleliu campaign, Gen.
Rupertus was flown back to Wash
ington. and given the school assign
ment at Quantico.
Among the many officers who
served with the former 1st Division
commander, who also holds the Ma
rine Corps Expeditionary Medal and
the Haitian Campaign Medal, the
infectious spirit Of Gen. Rupertus
was one OF his outstanding char
acteristics.
Hit the Dirt With His Men
He lived close to his men and in
training or in action was as likely
ss not to be found hitting the dirt
beside them. His philosophy gained
in more than 30 years in the Marine
Corps, might be summed up by a
recent report in which he was
quoted ss saying. "You have to see
what the privates are doing. Only
then will you discover the lnciency
Of your command and whatthe men
Evening star., 1945-03-26
Jewish Brigade Active
AIonq Italian Front
By the Associateo Press

BY the Associated Press.
ROME, Mar. 26.-German patrol
ling became more aggressive along
the 5th Army front in Italy today
and there were a number of sharp
clashes, particularly in the area
southwest of Bologna.
An American patrol killed II
Nazis in one encounter in that sec
tor. The Germans attempted to
ambush another patrol there, but
the Americans discovered the ruse
and killed three of the enemy with
out loss.
The first all-Jewish brigade has
been active in patrolling along the
9th Army front farther east, it was
disclosed yesterday. The brigade is
led by Brig. Gen. Frank Benjamin,
a Jew in the regular British Army.
Many of the brigade's members
previously had been held in Nazi
concentration camps. Their family
origins cover 81 different countries.
Evening star., 1945-03-26
President Urges Nation
To Conserve Motor Cors

Hy the Associated Press
President Roosevelt called on the
Nation today to conserve to the
utmost" the supply of motor We
hicles to avert collapse of public
transportation facilities.
In a letter to the National High
Evening star., 1945-03-26

Continued From First Page.)

Americans had crossed the border
and bought meat for household use
He said he understood OPA frownec
on that
The first witness was Wilbur L:
Roe, jr., counsel for the Nationa
Independent Meat Packers Associa
ton, which he described as an or.
ganization of about 700 small ans
medium-sized packers"
This shortage of meat" MI
La Roe asserted, ''is not by any
means due entirely to the larg,
amount which is taken by tn,
armed forces and lease lend. Th,
shortage is due in very substantial
part to an illegal diversion of mea
from the normal channels of dis
tribution.
Worst Black Market
We have the worst black marke
in our history. black market which
owes its existence primarily to tn,
fact that legitimate packers are re.
quired under OPA regulations tt
proouce both pork and beef at 9
loss"
He repeated the argument thai
packers have been making fol
months-that OPA regulations are
putting them out of business because
the margin between ceiling prices
for live animals and wholesale meat
products is too small
In testimony last week before the
Senate Banking Committee consid-
ering extension OF the Price Control
Act, spokesman for smaller packers
also charged that the OPA was te
Diame for the dearth OF beel
through the agency's below cost
price policy"
Bowies Denies Blame.
Price Administrator Chester
Bowles Immediately denied tbs,
Evening star., 1945-03-26

way Users Conference, he described
as a truly patriotic service" the
conservation campaign being con-
Quoted through the cooperation OF
approximately 1000 national and
State organizations interested in
highway transportation.
The Coolidge examiner., 1945-06-29

"Odd lot' shoes must be sold 10
consumers at prices at least 70
per cent below the prices at which
they were being offered for sale
on June /, 1945, OPA said.
Women's shoes with heel heights
of one inch or less may not be in
cluded in the release as these shoes
are usually the type worn by grow
ing girls. The demand for these
shoes is so great that they must be
rationed carefully to spread the
supply as fairly as possible.
The office of civilian require
ments and OPA are requesting
dealers to limit sales of "Odd lot
shoes to no more than pair to
each customer. This will allow
more people to share in the limited
stocks of ration-free shoes.
The Coolidge examiner., 1945-06-29
Today and Tomorrow
BY Don Robertson

AGE agriculture
| heard a group of navy officers
arguing about what the next "age"
will be called. They all agreed that
the first part of the goth century
was rightfully referred to as the
machine age" But there was a
wide difference of opinion about the
most descriptive title for the age
that is to come.
One man, who had been studying
the wonderland of chemistry, said
there was no doubt in his mind that
the last half of the goth century
would be known as the chemical
age.''
Another, who had had experience
with radar, radio and such, pre-
dicted that the developments i'll
these fields were so vast that an
appropriate title for the postwar
would be the "age of electronics.
A third man, an aviator, after adj
mitting the Importance of the other
two fields, said that it was quite
obvious to him that the next 10 to
so years would be the "air age" In
fact, he said, you already see that
title freely used in magazine arti-
cles, books and advertising to de-
scribe the immediate future,
All of these men had good
reason to feel that their par
ticular intenest was para
mount. But | was particularly
impressed by the prediction Of
young man from Kansas who
after listening patiently to all
the rest, said: "I've got an idea
that the history books of the
future will refer to the last half
of the goth century as the
agricultural age'."
CHEMISTRY farms
That young man brought up a
viewpoint which Immediately ap-
pealed to all of the others.
The electronics expert told of the
close relationship between his field
The Coolidge examiner., 1945-06-29
BANKER SEES
HUGE-POST WAR
BUILDING BOOM

Peacetime construction in ArlZ-
ona amOurting TO more than $780,
000 coo annually, a rate that should
exceed that of other states in the
nation-wide boom anticipated in the
construction industry. has been pre-
dicted in an analysis of Arizona 5
postwar prospects by II. A. Leg
gett. Phoenix banker. Possible new
construction in the city of Phoenix
alone was estimated at $25, 100000.
With the state "conspicuously
7derbuilt. approximately half of
the 500, 200, 900 would go into resi-
dental construction, Leggett said.
a considerable volmue of CONNER
cial building already is under way,
and funds have been pledged or
earmarked for many new public
buildings. A conservative estimate
for commercial and public con-
struction would be $25, 900, 900 per
annum for each type, he said.
Putting emphasis on the word
conservative" Leggett asserted
that S1O0,OO,OOO in residential con-
struction alone was within the
realm of possibility. To substan-
tiate this. it was noted that an
estimated 10000 lots have been
purchased as home sites in Arizona
within the last two years. IN add
ition. local surveys indicate that
about 15R6 of the families in the
state intend to build new homes
after the war.
This percentage, if applied to
the entire state, would indicate that
at least 10000 families have similar
plans. At an average cost of $4,000
per dwelling, that would mean
S1O0, 900, 900 in new residential con-
struction alone"
The construction program would
provide 10000 new jobs and more
than offset the anticipated decline
in manufacturing employment. At
Aut Sdlllt II MOutu
unemployment in related fields on
a wide scale.
Leggett. who is statistician for
the Valley National Bank, cited
figures to illustrate the fact that
Arizona's prosperity by no means
rests on the false bottom of her
war industry. Only 1919 of the
states labor force is engaged in
manufacturing of which only 79o
can be classed as industrial war
workers." he pointed out. BY way
of contrast, one-third of Califor-
MAS labor force is engaged in man
ufacturing. with almost 20To of it
concentrated in shipbuilding. and
aircraft manufacture.
A drop of at least SOC in manu-
featuring employment in Arizona
after the defeat of Japan was fore
cast. but it was held that the effect
of this on the states economy
would be offset not only by the con-
struction program but, in addition,
The Coolidge examiner., 1945-06-29

and farming - how electricity and
electronics would be used to aid the
farmer in countless ways - IN
fighting weeds, in picking and sort
ing fruit, in combating predatory
animals and in easing practically
all phases of the farmers work.
The chemist admitted that the
amazing chemical discoveries of
recent years would practically rev.
olutionize farming. He spoke of
OPT, which will destroy harmful
insects, of hormone discoveries
which will stimulate growth of
foods, destroy weeds, eliminate
many weather problems and devel-
op vegetables and fruits which. in
size and quality, will dwarf, by
comparison anything that is pro-
duced today.
And even the aviator admitted
that one of the major fields of avi-
alton will be in connection with
farming - in spraying trees and
vegetables, in transporting perish
able vegetables and fruits, and
even moving livestock.
@ The discussion made it evident
that all of our major fields of sci
ence, which have progressed so
rapidly during the war, are vitally
concerned with farming.
FUTURE revolution
This discussion, plus the articles
and speeches which are being pub
licized continually, all point to an
agricultural revolution which will
keep the farm in the limelight for
years to come.
Just how it viii. all end up can
not be determined yet. The farm
will be chemicalized, electricalized
and mechanical All of these devel-
opments point toward turning farm
ing into big business, just as indus
try developed during the industrial
revolution. 1t is unlikely that the
small, independent farmer, who is
respected as the backbone of Amer
ica, will entirely disappear from
the scene - but his life and work
will certainly be altered almost be-
The Coolidge examiner., 1945-06-29
OPA Announces Odd
Lot Shoe Release
From July 9 to %

Consumers will he given an op-
portunity to buy mems and wo-
mems "odd lot" shoes ration-free
and at markdown prices, when a
small percentage of shoes in these
categories is released to the public
during the three-week period July
8 through July %, according to the
Office of Price Administration.
This "odd lot release is neces-
sary, OPA said. to put into useful
service the odds and ends and brok-
en- sizes of shoes that accumulate
after every selling season. Because
of the limited supply of shoes for
civilians, the nation cannot afford
to have wearable footwear lying
idle on dealers shelves. In normal
times, these shoes are disposed of
through clearance sales, but under
rationing, consumers will not read
lily pay ration stamps for them.
The Coolidge examiner., 1945-06-29

by: % resumption of manufacture
of civilian goods; (2) resumption
of war-curtailed mining activities;
(3) departure of migratory war
workers.
The report, which did not include
anticipated expenditures for re-
clamation and Colorado River de-
velopment projects concluded with
the optimistic prediction that the
postwar period will see not only
a well-balanced economy within
the state, but that Arizona's cities
eventually will possess the cultural
and business advantages enjoyed in
the country's principal metropolitan
centers.
The Coolidge examiner., 1945-06-29

yond recognition.
And the successful farmer of
tomorrow will certainly need
an entirely different type Of
training than the farmer of the
past. If he hopes to succeed in
competition with other farm
ers, he will need to understand
the great developments in
chemistry and the use of count
The Coolidge examiner., 1945-06-29

less new tools which can speed
and improve his work.
Being a successful farmer from
1850 on will be more of a brain
Job. than a Drawn job-but it GER
tainly ought to be one of the most
interesting and enlightening pro
fessions' of our country.
Imperial Valley press., 1945-05-14
Order Reduces
Lend-Lease TO
Britain-Russia

WASHINGTON. May Ia. UP)-
More big lend-lease cuts, including
slash of nearly so per cent in U.
s. war aid to Britain, were in pros
pect Monday following curtailment
Of the bulk of this country's $780,
090,000 a month shipments to Rus
sia.
At the same time some top U. S.
officials we're said on good author
ity to believe the drastic cut in
lend-lease to the Soviet Union might
figure in relaxing the stalemate of
the Polish situation.
Though the Russian curtailment
essertedly was based solely on the
fact that Russia is no longer a
fighting ally, it was said to demon
stra+e willingness on this country S
part to Ee tough
President Truman is expected to
make an announcement on Russian
lend-lease shortly.
Disclosure of the sharp cut in
lend-lease to Russia was made Sat-
urday by Foreign Economic Admin
istrator Leo t. Crowley. He said
new shipments TO Europe" had
been halted except those destined
for countries still fighting Japan or
those where lend-lease would aid
redeployment of American armed
forces
Imperial Valley press., 1945-05-14
Nation Swings
Into Seventh
War Loan Drive

WASHINGTON, May IA. CUP)-
The government Monday officially
opened it's seventh war loan drive,
aimed to help finance the war with
Japan and combat continued infla-
tionary dangers, with a reminder
that There is no truce for the
men on Okinawa."
The seventh war loan, with a to-
tai goal of s14,00o ,000, 900 will seek
TO collect Is per cent more from
sales of s25-SlO00 E bonds to the
man in the street than any previous
drive
The E-bond quota is s4,G00,000, 900
81 900 100000 more than the E.
bond goal in the sixth war loan
which had the same overall quota as
the seventh, S14,c00, 100000 Sales
goals of bonds to all individual in
vestors in the current drive is ST.
000.0O0 O0O-s2, ,o09,Oo0,O00 more than
in the sixth war loan.
Pushing the sales of E-bonds, in
tended chiefly for smaller income
investors, will be the big job of g.
G00,00o volunteer workers enlisted
by the treasury for the campaign.
TIC meet the s4.OOo,0o0,0OO quota,
these volunteers will have to sell
bond to virtually every one of the
S5,0'D000 people who have bought
bonds at some time during the war
Some O,501,000,000 worth of E.
bonds have been sold since May,
1910.
The seventh war loan is scheduled
to end July 8.
Imperial Valley press., 1945-05-14
Yanks Nab U-Boat
Off Cape May

ABOARD A COAST GUARD
CUTTER, Off Cape May, N. j., May
a. CUPl-The German submarine
U-858. first enemy warship to sur
render tc U. S. naval forces since
We Day, was brought to anchorage
in Atlantic coastline. waters Mon
day with the American flag flying
over its coming tower.
The Stars and Stripes. which
replaced the red, white and black
Insignia of Nazism, was raised five
days ago by triumphant American
bluejackets 300 miles south of Cape
Race, Newfoundland, some 72O miles
off the eastern seaboard.
Stripped of its destructive power
under the terms of unconditional
surrender, her torpedoes disarmed,
and her deck guns dismantled, the
U-boat was turned over by Atlantic
fleet units to the jurisdiction Of the
fourth naval district.
Imperial Valley press., 1945-05-14
Nuzi Prisoners
Raise Problem
BY ROBERT MEYER

WITH U. S. 18TH ARMY GROUP,
May IA. (UP)-Millions of German
prisoners who have streamed into
the American and British lines since
the surrender have created huge
problem for the occupation armies
1t is estimated that more than
6000,0O0 Germans have given up
to the western Allies since the peace
was signed. Most Of them surrend-
cred to avoid being captured by the
Russians.
Approximately 100000 have sur
rendered to the 18th army group
and these, together with a vast
number who surrendered during
Gen. Omar N Bradley's advance to
the Elbe, have brought about sit
uation where the Germans have
more military forces in the occupied
territory than the total number OF
occupying forces.
The problem is not so much one
concerning the danger Of an armed
f.areup as one Ct feeding the pris-
oners. screening them and wedding
out the dangerous, the undesirables,
war criminals and Nazi party fan
atics.
Getting the ordinary prisoner of
war home also is touchy political
problem regarding the Russian zone
Of occupation
If German lives in section of
Germany now occupied by the Rus
slams it is difficult to convince him
to return there without an armed
guard.
1t is impossible to return the
vast hordes home so most Of them
are just sitting around the prisoner
Of war cages. They are being fed
with their own rations in most
cases.
Imperial Valley press., 1945-05-14
States Budget
Boosted by
Assembly Group

SACRAMENTO, May ID. up
The state assembly added more than
a half million dollars to Gov. Earl
Warrens $685., 100000 state budget
in early voting Monday on amend
ments to the budget bill.
The house continued work on the
budget as new bill to set up a
state insurance system to pay the
hospital bills Of most California
residents was prepared for intro
duction.
After adopting all but one Of
series of amendments for increased
money for state agencies the assem-
bly, started debate on group offered
by Democratic Leader Alfrod W.
Robertson, Santa Barbara. which
Continued on Page 2. Column 81
Imperial Valley press., 1945-05-14
Supers
Fire
Nosoyo
All Fire-Bomb
Raid Sears
ar-Plant City
BY FRANK TREMAINE

GUAM, May ID. (UP) =
A 17,000-foot smoke column
covered nine square miles of
Japan's industrial hub of
Nagoya Monday after more than
500 Superfortresse es dropped $500
tons of bombs in the heaviest and
most concentrated fire raid in his
tory.
Returning crew members said that
the glow from flames cracking
through the heart of the city was
visible go miles at sea. They re-
ported no fighter opposition and
meager anti-aircraft fire
The Superforts were believed
to have burned out more than twice
the area covered in the two night
raids of last March. The daylight
attack MADE bombing more effec-
tive. 1t. Gen. F. Jensen of Man.
ming, Iowa. pilot of one of the last
planes ever Nagoya, said he could
see huge columns of flames bursting
all over the target sector.
Specific targets included the Chi
gusa plant of the Nagoya arsenal,
Continued on Page 2, Col. n
Imperial Valley press., 1945-05-14
jap Resistance e Holds Up
Marines On OkinuWu

counter-landing by japanese north
of the estuary. Marines destroyed
six to ten enemy boats on a reef.
killing approximately 40 japanese
In the center of the American
line. the 77th army division report
ed slight local gains up to 200 yards
in still combat which failed to dent
the main defenses of the town of
Shuri.
Shuri, lying midway between the
coastal towns Of Naha and Yona-
baru. is the central anchor Of the
japanese defense system protecting
an estimated 10000 enemy troops.