Evening star., 1945-07-27
Charter
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Charter
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proposals regarding the food situa-
ton.
How long he could tie up the
Senate is problematical, but it ap-
peared he might be able to delay the
vote on the Charter until next week.
Opens Days Debate.
Senator Tunnel, the first speaker
today, said the United States can
only enter into treaties with SOW
ereign states.
In the debate yesterday after
noon, Senator Mcclellan, Democrat,
of Arkansas not only voiced a per-
sonal demand for unconditional
surrender by Japan, but also pro-
posed that an ultimatum should
be issued at the Potsdam Confer
ence. This demand came almost at
the same time that President Tru-
man, Prime Minister Churchill and
Generalissimo Chang Kai-shek
were taking that course. Senator
Mcclellan said:
Il would like to see at the close
of the Potsdam Conference, an ulti-
matum issued by President Truman
and by such other governments of
our Allies as will join in it, to Hiro-
hito and the war lords of Japan
that they must Internationally sur
render within a given time, say
within 80 days, with the hope that
Japan may survive as nation, or,
on the failure to do so, that we
are resolved to carry on this war
to their complete destruction and
determination.
No Grounds for Compromise.
There are no grounds for COM
promise. There can be no hope of
an enduring peace SO long as pow
erful governments are ruled by war
mongering dictators and would-be
world conquerors.
Senator Capper, Republican, of
Kansas, who voted against the
League of Nations Covenant, an
nounced his support of the Charter,
saying that he believed it would
work. It's success, he said, depends
upon the ability of the big powers,
particularly the Big Three, to work
together for peace. He explained
he had opposed the old League
Covenant because it held no guar
antee Of American sovereignty, while
the Charter does hold such a guar
antec.
The Charter, Senator Eastland,
Democrat, of Mississippi declared,
is a powerful weapon to preserve
peace. especially when considered
in connection with steps for eco
nomic collaboration by the United
! Nations. He said he believed in
reasonable cooperation with Rus
sia, but added that Americas re-
sources must not be spent to build
up Communism in Europe.
7 He pointed out there was a
group of States outside Russia in
an area from the Baltic to the
Black Sea and the Adriatic domi-
mated by Communism.
Charges Oppression.
Governments have been set up
in these states without the consent
of the governed" he said, land
against the will of the governed.
Tales are leaking out of totalitar-
ianism, cruelty and oppression-the
very things we fought to ex-
terminate -
Senator Eastland expressed hope
that the Potsdam Conference would
open the way for American news
paper reporters and American Of
fcials to go into this area, from
which they have been barred in the
recent past. He insisted that in
formation must be free If world
peace is to be maintained.
Senator Ferguson, Republican, of
Michigan agreed with Senator East
land that it was too bad for the
cause of peace" that American
newsmen have not been allowed to
60 into the countries of Eastern
Europe.
Pepper Favors Resolution.
Senator Pepper, Democrat, of
Florida who held the floor for two
and a half hours yesterday, en-
phasized the fact that supplement
tary agreements with the Security
Council for the ALLEGATION of armed
forces of the United States could
be ratified by joint resolutions of
Congress. In his opinion, these
agreements should not be in treaty
form.
Senator Pepper contended that in
ternational agreements should be
ratified by a majority vote of both
houses rather than by a two-thirds
vote of the Senate. He admitted
that the proposal to amend the Con-
stitution to provide for joint action
of the House and Senate on treaties,
which has been adopted by the
House, stands little chance of pass
ing the Senate.
| He pointed out, however, that the
Constitution provides that on appli-
cation of two-thirds of the State
legislatures Congress must call a
convention for proposing amend
ments to the Constitution. Any
amendments would require ratifica-
ton by three-fourths of the State
legislatures or by conventions in
three -fourths of the States. Two
States, Connecticut and Florida,
through their legislatures, already
have made such an application to
Congress.
Man, 90, Knits Socks