davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-12-15
Speakers VAN
Stop Prejudice,
Provide Housing

"Inier.rseial and ln;ef-cu.tural
Relations" VAS TIE topic for DIS
euSsion by q panel last Sunday in
the ninth Of io-week popular
forum series held weekly al the
Detroit Urban League, The series
"a eo-sponsared bv the Urban
league and tho Aou.' Education
DIVISION O! the Board - Education.
Members Of the panel We!C Mrs
Peulsh Wh.thy. ass slant director
81 the City 81 Detroit lntcc-rscial
committee: Mary OEi an euploye
~ Ne De-r' Pubic .i5rary Isaac
Frsnck. director of tho jewish
Cor Unity council, and Rev /
Pr.TSsuEh director - nc Detroit
Council az CHuTcrcS Frank VIM
90 ne UAW-ClO Vst chairman o!
tae pane.
THE PANEL MEMBERS PEE
ser'r- ihe fs,'S ~ prejudice IN
Arerlcz IS 4 sseC'S the various
-~inorl'y groups Isaac Frsnck eN-
eySeo ne Jen3Sh group con-
Germ with a grow!rE auu-SemitlSm
EnoaS Negroes Tbs - due IN
Tsr, according 20 F-ar-k. . the
work ~ pad agents s.. nc Na7ls.
Mo ne SAYS. are sad ~ govern
ruert experts - nave spent
500 30 Opo S.rce 1924 IN spread
~ rsolal sri religious hatred IN
hr-erica Frsnok expressed con-
CEN because - The similar dangers
W ch Negroes and jews face
jointly and hl-h arc common
csngt~S - IL wlr0~l'Ies. The spe-
ht mantesRt orS OF proud ce
- hlch we're emphasized were hoIs-
inE and employment and the At,l- :
ildes which arc prevalent toward .
ell minority groups There vas .
Esrers. agreement among pane,
members and the audience that the /
need for specific action aimed al
ne elimination Of all Manifesto
tons 81 prejudice.
The final session 81 the series
Va,l present Dr. Bruce Douglas,
commissioner Of health in Detroit,
IN an illustrated talk on the sub
oect. Protecting Dctrolts Health
The meeting Will be held al 4 pm.
next Sunday. Dec. l6 Al the De-
trolt Urban league, 20S Mack ave-
nue. corner John r. The public
Is invited.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-12-15
Paul Robson In
Patrons Concert,
Sings For 1000

Following a series OF encores
greater in number than those on
his original program Sunday at
the Masonic Temple. Paul Robe
son concluded one OF the finest
programs he has presented in the
city with Othello's speech from
the euicide scene.
OVER 1000 PERSONS heard Mr..
Robeson whose program was
varied and full. Undaunted by no
foreign language. songs in Russian.
Chinese. French and Spanish were
among his Numbers. During the
course of the program. Mr. Robe
SON sang several songs with a mes
sage we'll presented.
An air OF genislity and friendli-
ness brought Mr.. Robson back TO
the stage with encores at the end
Of each group OF numbers. so re-
luctant was the audience 10 have
his golden voice stopped even for
a few moments.
WILLIAM CHATZK A NJ Err
shared the program with Mr..
Robson and was particularly well
received. His selections included
"Polonaise in A-Flat Major" by
Chopin, upon whose theme the
popular song, Til the End of
Time" is based.
Among the encores Mr.. Robson
so graciously sang were Ezekiel"
and Little David" spirituals: mo.
John" an English air, and many
others.
MR.. robson WAS accompa-
MED by Laurence Brown AT the
piano, who joined in singing a
few selections with Mr.. Robson.
The program vas presented. by
Nellie Watts and the Patrons of
Arts
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-12-15
Four Sought As
HoIdup Suspects

Four men were sought as fugi-
tive suspects in an alleged rob-
berry on Aug. "a at which time
William Curry reported that he
had lost $423 during a holdup.
Sought were Adds Beard. 20;
Eddie Bell, %; Eddie Hicks, Il.
and Joe Simms, 20, all OF 307 Hen
Dire street. Police believe the al
legged armed robbers have fled the
city.
Fugitive warrants were recon-
mended for their arrest Monday.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-12-15
Fire
Continued from Page II

Offices in the building, SAID She
first noticed tho smoke and flames
coming up the sta'rwavs az approx
imatcly 430. Miss Day ran out
side. She said she found Or.
Greenidge outside waiting for fire.
men.
When fremen arrived the blaze
was sweeping through the build
ing. flames licking out the front
windows and Railways.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-12-15
Slayer
Continued from Page II

Continued from Page II
door when he fired the shotgun at
Lewis. Leon added that when he
came from behind the bar both
men had left the tavern.
MRS. BURNETT DOUGHRITY,
Of l5540 18th St, testified that she
and her husband had driven the
injured man TO the Highland Park
General Hospital, where he died a
short time later.
Dixon was remanded to Jail
without bond TO await trial.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-12-15

ton. The committee agrees with
this principle OF wages since with
out adequate purchasing power to
buy the products OF industry there
can be neither full employment nor
general prosperity"
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-12-15
Plumber
Continued from Page u

that he would shoot il he (Ander-
SOM came a step further. Hamil-
ton. then, so police say. fired sew
eral shots as Anderson came to-
wards him.
The young singer died a short
time later. Meanwhile the
plumber was held for investiga-
ton of murder.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-12-15
Veteran
Continued from Page u


cannot grant me a loan because Of
the restrictions against Negroes
occupying property in this partic-
ular subdivision"
WickS, who has a wife, Juanita,
and a son, Nathaniel Jr.. two, now
finds that he cannot build a new
home and cannot find any other
place 10 live in Detroit. He wears
three battle stars for participation
in the battles Of Normandy. North
ern France and the Rhineland He
Will be discharged on Jan. %.
The veterans wife and son are
now living with his mOther-in-
law, Mrs. Arvilla Gould Of the
Maine address.
WICKS SAID that he was told
by officials at the FLA that the
restrictions on the subdivision
would have 10 be tested in court
before he would be granted loan
and that the agency was not grant
ing loans to white or colored in the
area
This shows what restrictive
covenants can do Wlcks said.
The FILA wont finance whites in
a restricted area that is about 10
be broken for fear Negroes will
get in and they won't insure Ne
Groes because OF the restriction.
When we went overseas We were
given lectures on how to hate the
enemy and one Of the things we
were told was that walls had been
built around the Jewish neighbour
hoods in Warsaw and other cities.
The only difference here is that the
walls are not built Of concrete and
StOpeo
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-12-15
Germany
Continued from Page II

Continued from Page II
This segregation policy was purely
that OF the War Department, or
had there been objections TO inter-
racial housing by either the per-
sonnet tin this brand-new set-up)
or the German communities. To
this, she replied that she knew
nothing OF the actual feeling in
Germany on the subject, but from
past experiences in other countries,
the War Department had found
that separate housing units work
ed out better
MISS VODKA then mentioned
Hawaii and Puerto Rico, where
colored workers from the United
States have found no difficulty be-
cause separate projects have been
set up for whites and for Negroes"
She stated that il such an arrange
ment is later set up in Germany,
the War Department Will then call
for colored applicants who meet
the other requirements.
When asked If the housing ex-
cuse had not been over-used by
the War Department in reference
to colOred applicants and en-
plOyes seeking transfer, Miss
Vodka said that "minorities are
always sensitive. feeling that
whenever they are rot accepted
that it Is because of Sacial or re-
ligious discrimination. -.
During the long discussion, Miss
Vodka continuously pointed out
her own impartiality TO races. and
her deep admiration for various
members of our race and their
achievements. yet used the word
Negroes innumerable times.
When We called to her attention
the oisapproval OF the word, she
was astoundcd that it was not ac-
cepted as good taste, for she has
always used il in reference to
colored women. just as she had al
ways referred to any Jewish wom-
an as "JeWeSs."
THE WAR DEPARTMENT is re-
Crulting typists and stenographers,
classifcations ranging from CAF-2,
With a total salary of S2,769 per
annum, upward. First-class trans
portation and six dollars per diem
until arrival at destination is paid
by the government. All recruits
are signed up for a Minimum of
one years service. Preference is
given to Cd veterans. 90 War De-
partment employees, 81 other fed
eral employees, and (Q outsiders
who meet the requirements.
e An exact replica OF the Parthenon
n Greece. is located in Centennial
The Nome nugget., 1945-06-11
Home Arts Club Plant Sale Very Successful

The Home Arts Club held a very successful plant sale last Saturday at the Northern Com- mercial store the proceeds of which will go to the upkeep of the City playfield which opens today.
 The committee wishes to ex- press their appreciation for the fine cooperation of all those who raised plants for the occasion and others who contributed in making the sale success.
 The playfield opened at 1:3O today and will be open every day except Sunday. Mrs. Paul Carlson is playfield chairman this year and has asked other women of the community to assist in organizing a complete and interesting pro- gram for the season.
 In charge of the playfielc this week are Mrs. Bob Long and Mrs. Lester Bronson on Monday, Mrs. A. Necland and Mrs. Fagerstrom on Tuesday, Mrs. Wisenhunt on Wednesday Mrs. Frank Bingham and Mrs. Southward on Thursday. Mrs. A. Nerland and Mrs. Paul Carlson on Friday.
 In order that children who have other organization work during the week may have perfect at- tendance records for the season, all those who attend scout meet ings, etc., may submit report from their teachers and it will be counted on their attendance rec ord.
The Nome nugget., 1945-06-11
MAYOR RETURNS
 FROM OUTSIDE TRIP

Mayor Edward Seidenverg, re- turned to Nome Friday evening, via the Pan American Airways, from a short business trip to the States. Mayor Seidenverg, owner of the Bon Marche Stores of this city, while primarily making the trip in the interests of his own
The Nome nugget., 1945-06-11
OPA Injunction Secured Against Fairbanks Firm

FAIRBANKS, June II - A permanent injunction was issued in a complaint case filed by the OPA Enforcement Division against Frank s. Gordon and Margurite Gordon, proprietors of Gordon's, a Fairbanks apparel shop. The in junction, which was issued by Judge Harry E. Pratt of the Fourth Division District Court, forbids the defendants from fur ther violation of the Price Control Act.
 The Court, when issuing the in junction, followed the terms of the complaint. The store owners were forbidden to sell or offer for sale commodities at over-ceiling prices, were directed to keep proper rec ords, and to price commodities as required by the regulation.
The Nome nugget., 1945-06-11
TRIPLES USED FOR ILLUMINATION

Fireflies are sometimes used for household illumination, according to Encyclopedia. In tropical Amer ica where fireflies are abundant, these beetles are captured and put into small cages for lighting pur- poses.
The Nome nugget., 1945-06-11
Warplanes Bomb Japan Fifth Straight Day
By HAMILTON w. FARoN

By HAMILTON w. BARON
 GUAM, June II 11-R-Nearly two hundred Superfortresses losed high explosive bombs yesterday on five factory and military tar gets in the Tokyo and Yokohama areas and subjecting Japan to the fifth straight day of pounding by B-29s, carrier planes and Army Mustangs.
 It was the worst weekend of the war for Japan. The rain of aerial blows by Army and Navy warplane teams ranged from in dustrial Sukagawa hundred fif- teen miles northeast of Tokyo to the Kanoya naval air base on Kyushu six hundred miles south- west of the enemy capital.
The Nome nugget., 1945-06-11

business, accomplished quite it- tie business for the City of Nome. The Mayor will preside at the regular meeting of the Nome City Council this evening at 800 pm. at the City Hall.
The Nome nugget., 1945-06-11
Daniels Says U. s. Must Have Preparedness

WASHINGTON, June 11-R Opposing peacetime draft Jose phus Daniels, 83, former Secretary of the Navy, said cit is imperative that the preparedness of tomor- row must be that which will give conquest of the skies"
 The Raleigh, N. C., publisher, who directed the Navy during the last war offered to the House postwar military policy commit tee this formula as the "best pro- tection," against the possibility of future attacks. "I'd place the main emphasis on the Navy that flies, with adequate military strength on land and sea. If our country dominates the sky no en- emy can land on any part of our terrain"
 The committee is in the second week of hearings on the subject of universal military training.
The Nome nugget., 1945-06-11
CLEANUP NOTICE

SAAx~AN.O( NOIxC6
 Juno yxh 10 18th has been des. ignassd as Cleanup Week bY fhs Health Committee of fhs Nome Common Council. Property own srs are requested 10 clean up fhsir premises and plaes debris. sacked up. near fhs sidewalk. whore N can bs picked up by truck through City aecommodation.
 Health Committee
 Nome Common Council es-7l By Guy Mish. Chairman
The Nome nugget., 1945-06-11

D R E. A M T H E A T R E
 NOME. ALASKA l Show. June II and l2 7:30 p.rn. MONDAY and TUESDAY STAR SPANGLED
 RHYTHM" BING CROSBY .... BOB HOPE BETTY HUTTON "WILLoUGHBY'S MAGIC HAT" l Show June l3 and l4. 7:30 PM. WEDNESDAY and THURSDAY JOURNEY FOR
 MARGARET"
 ROBERT YOUNG
 LARRAINE DAY
 FAY BANTER
 And SCIENCE No. 3" 2 Shows June IS. 7:lS & s:00 PM.
 FRIDAY RANGER AND THE
 LADY" BOY ROGERS. GABBY HAYES "A PANIC IN THE PARLOR" And "GooFY GROCERIES" Show JUNE le. 7:30 PM.
 SATURDAY
 "ONCE UPON A
 HONEYMOON"
 GINGER ROGERS.
 CARY GRANT And MARIE GREEN and GANG 2 Shows June l7. 7:lS & $500 PM. .--.,.E SUNDAY ~ "I WALKED WITH A
 ZOMBIE" FRANCES DEE. TOM CONWAY MEXICAN POLICE ON
 PARADE" and MIR. STRAUSS TAKES A WALK
The Nome nugget., 1945-06-11
NOTICE

Juno 18th b inc dead line so2 for properly ewnses o& South sido of FRonf Street. In cleaning eff their beach pssmisss. AnY enc found dumping garbage on 4hs beach shall bs prosecuted to fhs fullest sxfsn4 o3 hs law.
 By order o6 fhs Street Committoo Carrie A. MeLain. es-7o City clssk
The Nome nugget., 1945-06-11
MAKING 2 EQUAL THREE

MAKING 2 EQUAL THREE
 This year there will be only two War Loan Drives, not three. But in those two drives the Govern ment will have to raise almost as much money from individuals as in three drives last year. That means bigger extra bonds in the 7th. Because only by buying moro can we make ? take the place of 3.
The Nome nugget., 1945-06-11

Buy War Bonds-7th War Loan!
Evening star., 1945-07-18
Mother, Il, Sentenced
To 6 Months in Jail
For Sea|ding Boy, a
BY the Associated Press.


| BALTIMORE, July IS. - The
young mother of a 4-year-old boy
was sentenced to six months i'm
prisonment yesterday for placing
him in sink full of scalding water
while attempting to punish him.
Judge j. Abner Sayler acquitted
Mrs. Carla Schauermann, however
of charge of assaulting her son
Walter by burning him with Gig
arettes, in which she was jointly
accused with Carl B. Sadler. The
cases against Sadler were post
poned.
Mrs. Schauermann, 81, denied in
court that she had any intention
of scalding the boy, but. said the
water was hotter than she intended
it to be.
Assistant States Attorney Thomas
N. Biddison told Judge Sayler that
Mrs. Schauermann left her hus-
band May 9 to take an apartment
with Sadler. The court then COM
mented that she was "a very selfish
mother, who was willing to cavort
around with some man and neglect
her children"
The acquittal on the charge of
burning the boy with cigarettes was
given after Mr.. Biddison explained
that the only account was that of
the youngster himself. Under the
rules of evidence, child so young
is not considered a competent wit
ness.
Previously, at a custody hearing,
Mrs. Schauermann denied the child
was burned with cigarettes. She said
the more than a score of round
scars on his body were caused by
impetago, skin disease. She also
said that Sadler was only a visitor
at her apartment.
Both the boy and his sister Linda,
2, now are with their father, George
Schauermann, a railroad employe
Mr.. Schauermann has filed divorce
proceedings against his wife, a ma
tive of Germany, who has been in
this country about eight years.
Evening star., 1945-07-18
Senate Approves Vinson
Nomination Unanimously
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press,
Fred M. Vinson has been con-
firmed unanimously by the Senate
as Secretary of the Treasury.
The voice vote came late yester-
day, shortly after the Senate
Finance Committee had approved,
without hearings, the appointment
of Mr.. Vinson and that of John w.
Snyder to succeed him as director
of war mobilization and reconver-
sion. Quick confirmation for Mr..
Snyder also is indicated.
Mr.. Vinson, 55-year-old Kentuck-
ian, who also has served as director
of economic stabilization and pre-
Evening star., 1945-07-18

ceded MFR. Snyder as Federal loan
administrator, will take over from
Henry Morgenthau, jr., who is the
sixth cabinet officer serving under
President Roosevelt to step out.
According to present plans no sue
cessor to Mr.. Snyder as Federal loan
administrator will be appointed. at
least until Mr.. Truman returns from
Europe
Evening star., 1945-07-18
Six '0verage' Desiroyers
Reported Sold for Scrap
BY the Associated Press,

PROVIDENCE, r. T., July 49,
The Providence Journal said last
night that six of the so average
destroyers given to Great Britain
by the United States In 1910, in
cluding one which sank off Saxon
net Point Saturday, have been sold
by the Canadian government to a
private scrap-metal dealer.
The sunken ship, identified by
Evening star., 1945-07-18

the journal as the former U. s. s.
williams, renamed the st. Clair
by Canada, was sold with five others
last week TO the Boston Iron g.
Metals Co. Of Baltimore, the Jour-
nal said.
They are to be taken to Curtis
Bay, Md, by the Moran Towing
Co. of Boston and broken up into
scrap metal. Canada acquired the
six ships from Great Britain in
September, is41, the paper said.
Evening star., 1945-07-18
Areme Chupter PIuns Cruise

Areme Chapter, o. e. S., will make
a cruise down the Potomac at $3.50
pm. next Monday on the steamer
Mount Vernon.
Evening star., 1945-07-18

Errant husbands in Scotland have
been warned that wives may again
buy frying pans.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-27

resolution was introduced by Mrs
Jane Bangs.
Favorable action was taken on a
motion by Charles H. Bates that a
committee previously appointed to
study incorporation of the society
take prompt action.
Marx E. Kahn recited three selec-
tons, including the American Ode,
of which he was author.
Eta L. Taggart, president, was in
charge. She announced that the So
ciety will hold a banquet in April. -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-27
More Freed Internees|
In Philippines Listed
The 10th list of civilian internees
liberated in the Philippines follows:
Walter M. Crosby. son of the Rev Willis
ehv Ar1tr lr;,,.

Walter M. Crosby. son OF the Rev. WILL
K Crosby. 170S Arlington drive. Alexan
dria. Va.
John. e. Abrams Medford. Mass.
Frank L. Adamson, Chico. Calf.
John w. Benton, Camden. Ark.
Ethel A. Berger New York City.
Lillian r. Berman. San Francisco.
William H. Berman. San Francisco.
Robert 2 BeTman. San Francisco
Mrs. Gladys Beusse, La Porte. Ind.
Otley H. Boyer. Gutenberg, Iowa.
Mildred F. Booth, Osgood Ind.
Bessie @. Bowen, THOMPSON, Conn.
Clara N. Boyd. Ashland, KY.
Miss Helen M. Boyle, Phoenix. AriZ
Betty D. Brian. Lahaina. Hawaii.
William c. Bryant, Kirkland. Wash.
Florence H. Ellis. Greeley, Colo.
Jean A. Evans. Gulfport, Miss.
Ruth C. Gibson. Los Angeles.
Chester ". Grant, New York.
Mary Scott Hamilton. Bryn Mawr: Pa.
James A. Hampton. Chillicothe. Mo.
Joseph H: Herman, Sacramento. Calf.
Charles Kurz. Portland. Greg
Killian J. Landwak. Newton, N. ].
Ruth A. Lasage, Battle Greek, Mich
Kow Lum, San Francisco.
Sever g. Lutwen, Cleveland, Ohio.
Mildred E. Maxey, Erlinger, NJ Y.
Theodore W. Oss, Alameda. Calf.
Earl L. Reynold. Topeka, Kans.
Calf
william A. Stewart, Malvern, Long Is
land, N. Y.
Marlboro ]. Taylor, Berkeley, Calf.
Thomas B. Tolman, Hico, Tex.
Tonga Tuplin, Charlton, Iowa.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-27

Jack Hair, and her son, Is on duty
In the Ordnance Department of the
War Department. His niece accom-
panied him and Mrs. Mcmahon te
the Philippines and there married
Mr.. Hair, a British subject in the
brokerage business. The McMahons
returned to the United States ir
1888. Mr.. Hair was on the Infamous
death march" from Bataan.
Col. Mcmahon said he had re.
ceived letter from Mrs. Hair yes
terday saying that she and her sor
were recovering. She said he hao
been informed the Japanese hao
planned to transfer her husband
from Prison Camp No. 3 to Japan
but American officers had told hel
they doubted the transfer had beer
carried out.
Col. Love, whose release was an
nounced by the War Department, Is
veteran Of two wars. He was born
in Fairfax, Va, the son of Judge
and Mrs. James M. Love. He served
in the Spanish-American War and
in the World War he commanded
the 319th Regiment of the 8Ott
Division in France. He retired In
1922 and since then lived abroad
mostly In the Far East.
His brother, Thomas B. Love
whom Col. Love listed as next OF
kin, died in 1913. Mrs. Love re.
ceived notice Of the colonel's re.
lease.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-27
|Rf. Rev. n. s, Binsted ,
Philippines Episcopal
Bishop, Is Liberated

Washington relatives Of the Right
Rev. Norman 8. Binsted, Episcopal
Bishop of the Philippines, have been
informed that he and his wife have
been liberated from Japanese In
ternment and are safe.
Others whose liberation has be-
come known include Walter M.
Crosby, SO, and his wife, who are
the brother and sister-in-law Of
Holmes Crosby, 1708 Abingdon drive,
Alexandria, Va; Col. James Mon
roe Love, 10, U. s. A., retired, whose
sister-in- law, Mrs. Thomas B. Love,
lives at 2129 Florida avenue, and
Mrs. Jack Hair and her son, Gilbert,
4. Mrs. Hair Is a niece Of Col. Fred
A. Mcmahon, 2712 Porter street NV.
Bishop Binsted went to school here
and was parish assistant at St.
Adams in 1915. His mother, Mrs.
Thomas w. Binsted, $40 Sherrier
place NV, has received word he
and his wife are safe. Three
brothers also reside here. They are :
Leonard G. Binsted, 5031 Macarthur
boulevard NV; Clifton E. Binsted,
$500 Macarthur boulevard NV, and
Percy Binsted, 5235 Sherrier place.
| In Manila Since 1909.
Word Of the release of Mr.. and
Mrs. Crosby has been received by
his brother and his father, the Rev.
Willis K. Crosby of Lockport, N. Y,
who is visiting Holmes Crosby in
Alexandria. Walter M. Crosby has
resided in Manila since 1909 and
was associated with the Banquet
Consolidated Mining Corp. During
the World War he helped organize
a company of engineers in the
Philippines and, with the rank of
lieutenant, commanded it when it
was transferred from Manila to
Camp HUMPHREYS, now Fort Belvoir
Va. The company arrived just a
month before the armistice.
Holmes Crosby said he had learned
that while his brother was interned
in Santo Tomas he paid 5000 Ameri-
can money for a can of condensed
milk. Walter M. Crosby has a son,
Willis M. Crosby, in Buffalo, and a
daughter, Mrs. David Crabtree of
Fresno, Calf.
Mr.. Hair on Death March
Col. Mcmahon, who received word
of the release of his niece, Mrs.