davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1945-06-10
LITER Reveals
Tale Of Bribe
Tells Parole Board OF
Offer for His Silence

LANSING. June 9-Jules Do
rctti. as. hollow-cheeked lifer, to-
day told the parole board at a
public hearing that he had been
offered $500 in bribes while IN
prison If he would refuse to tes-
tify against partner in crime.
Doretti told the board that a
fellow convict. whom he did not
name. approached him with 800
and told him that there would be
$4,000 more IF he would keep his
mouth shut"
IN DIR. HARRIS SLAYING
Doretti appeared in support OF
his application for communication
of a life sentence given him in
1884 for his part in the Detroit
handbook holdup that resulted in
the Staying of DR.. Julius Harris.
The case goes now for a final
decision 10 Gov. Kelly.
Fr. Charles G.. Stouter, prison
chaplain. substantiated Doretti's
testimony that "he was told re-
peatedly that he would never
leave Jackson alive, that he lived
i'm constant fear of being fatally
injured or pushed over a cellblock
gallery TO his death"
DISLIKED BY CONyICTS
To all the other convicts al
Jackson. Doretti was a rat" or
''Welcher" because he had
"squealed on Max Maius," his con-
federate in the holdup. Doretti
and one other. George Wruble.
were the only ones who could
testify against Maius in the slay-
ing of DR.. Harris. Wruble had
kept his mouth shut.
after I testified against
Maius." Doretti said. II couldn't
90 around the prison yard with
\ out a guard or go 10 movies for
! fear of being beaten 10 death"
1t. John K. Machlik of the De-
troit homicide squad and the de-
tcctive who handled the Harris
case, told the board that the
Detroit Police Department recon-
mends clemency for -Doretti be-
cause without him we weaid have
had no case az all against Malus."
Ad-daleel., 1945-10-17

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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-11

Department, which makes independent
tests and certifies that the water is safe.
But mainly responsible for the purity
of Washington water are seven bac-
teriologists and chemists-three of them
young women-who stand guard seven
days week to keep the water supply
untainted.
Visit the laboratory where they work
and you are amazed at the painstaking,
scientific study necessary to turn the
muddy, contaminated Potomac into the
sparkling, germ-free glass of water on
your table.
Keeping Close Check
Here chemists and psychologists keep
close check on the changing nature of
the water as it starts toward Wash
ington at Great Falls, Md Here they
chart the steps required to kill the bugs,
Danish the mud, chase away odors and
tastes, launder out contents that might
corrode the mains and remove objection
able gas and minerals.
This $4,000 laboratory in the Dale
carlia filtration plant at the Maryland
boundry holds lot of strange-look-
ing devices the average chemist never
saw. One instrument, called the
focculator, shows just the proper steps
needed to precipitate the mud of the
constantly changing river Another has
an electric eye" to determine the
amount of natural chlorides present,
which may have a bearing on tastes
and odors.
In this laboratory, meteorological tests
insure that water is not only pure when
1t leaves the plant but that it stays that
way until it reaches your home Here
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-11

Chemist Frances Spilman
uses the Electric eye" in a test
to tell 1Dhat steps may be nee
essdry to combat unpleasant
tastes and 0dors in the con-
stantly changing ran river
Uater.
ton Of algae, out comes the copper sui
plate and the boys get ready to go boat
ing in the reservoir. With sack dragged
behind the craft, they skim around the
shoreline, spreading the chemical over
the water. Within a short time, the
algae have gone to meet their ancestors,
and your glass of water, if not as re-
freshing as mountain spring, tastes at
least whole lot better than 1t would
otherwise.
Microscopic examination can turn up
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-11

connecting land stations with airplanes
in flight, ships at sea and far-hung
battle fronts. These tie Washington
into weather centrals issuing Short
range forecasts. for their various war
theaters.
With mechanical armies, air and sea
armadas now moving on their forecasts,
the weather has become matter of
victory or defeat, life or death, to fight
ing men everywhere.
Gen. Patton,s fervent prayer for fair
skies only voiced a universal sentiment
The general addressed himself to a
higher authority, but the Army weather
service is now in good position to tell
him when his prayers may be answered.
When Clouds Will Lift
Gen. Patton and his men have to
know, among other things, when clouds
will lift to give air cover.
Is a freeze or thaw in prospect?
When will tank tracks be able to grip
the icy hills or will certain fields be
frozen deep enough tomorrow or the
AiCAG ady w 0hPp0~t PAAiAiC AAofCAo'
Must the armor push through she'll
pitted, mine-strewn highways or can
it cut across country? What kind of
visibility will the gunners have?
The weather service, which is called
on to know soil and terrain, and how
it will react to freezes, thaws or the
drying effect of sun and wind, must
come up with some pretty good an
swers or fall behind the procession.
The war. as demonstrated by the Ger
mans when they massed a striking
force and broke the American lines
under cover of thick weather, has
reached a stage where it rolls on in
any weather. good or bad.
Directing Flight Movement
Yet the demands of the ground
forces as compared with the air forces
are quite modest, not only for the rea-
son that flight movements cover a
much greater area, but because they
often depend for success on visibility
temperature, wind currents and moist
ure at various attitudes as well as on
the ground. The picture is further
complicated by the type of aircraft
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-11

States has innumerable Beverages.
They include, of course, the spokesman
for labor, William Green, who afirms
that "the best economic security any
worker can enjoy is good Job at good
pay" Philip Murray, who, writing
of the postwar says, THE present Con-
gress, before 1t runs out two years from
now, will be called on to do its share
in seeing that our Government, to-
gether with private enterprise, takes
every step needed to guarantee the
right to work at a useful job, paying
good wages"
These labor leaders have their coun-
terparts in industry and business, in
Congress and the Government. Begin
ming with the President could fill this
review with the names Of Americans
who, despite their varying credos, sub
scribe to the tenets of what might be
termed 1.-THE Full Employment Party"
After Victory
The Americans whose thinking par
allels Beveridge's have, like him, been
profoundly affected by the war that
still engages us, this total war with its
total compelling common purpose"
We, in common purpose with Great
have resolved to destroy Hitlerism,
Fascism, Japanism. But after victory,
Beveridge declares, as do innumerable
Americans, there will be other equally
urgent tasks. It will be necessary for
the United Nations to launch "a COM
mon attack on the giant social evils Of
want, disease, ignorance and squalor."
No doubt some American critics will
cry out that Beveridge Is dreamer
or an enemy of private property, etc.
He is none Of these. He offers no rad
ical formulas, no doctrinaire hlueprints
into the future. He believes, like many
of us in America, that II Is possible to
obtain "full productive employment un-
der conditions Of private enterprise"
He declares that his policy for full em-
ployment could and should be accept
able to people who differ profoundly
as to the ultimate control of industry
or as to the nature Of social justice. !"
He reiterates that 1t Is simply policy,
not plan. unlike social security which
can be planned and put into effect
through definite legislation.
In Peace as in War
Full employment IS possible Il gov
ernments assume q nav responsibility
to their peoples but It win require
teamwork and responsibility through
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-11
Hope for a 6O,O00,OO0>Job America

teamwork on many levels. During the
war We have seen q new emerging
teamwork between management, labor
and government in the United States,
not q perfect teamwork but vigorous
enough to put 100000 Americans in
the field and to arm them with all the
necessary goods of war. What we have
done in war we can do in peace.
After the war, the economic relation
ship of the different countries to one
another will depend on the success
which each of them achieves in securing
high stable level of employment at
home. No nation will be able to afford
or to dare become isolationist New
bombers and new rocket weapons have
indeed made of us one global unit.
Beveridge is acutely aware Of the rival
rieS that could be ignited by free-for-
all battle for world markets.
He writes, overseas trade is vital for
Britain, but even this vital need must
be related to the needs of other nations;
he wants Britain to adopt a policy of
full employment at home, making it
clear that for her, overseas trade Is q
means Of raising the standard Of life
of all countries by fair exchange, and is
not a device for exporting unemploy-
ment."
Tomorrow's Aggressors
The United Nations, teammates
against today's and tomorrow's agrees
sors, must also be united against the
aggressors of unemployment and eco
nomic rivalry.
The momentous questions Beveridge
poses before us must be answered. Can
we deliberately, in peace. do that which
we were forced to do In war? Can we
create q world society in which all
people have value? We must succeed.
The alternative is another war.
We Americans can be the key people
In new world. agree with Beverage
when he says, mo greater service could
be rendered by the American people to
humanity, nothing more conductive to
the preservation and deepening of the
liberties for which they stand could be
done by them than to achieve steadily
expanding employment for their pro-
ductive powers, in place Of the instabil-
ity which has marked and marred their
progress in the past. The adoption OF
. policy Of full employment by the
United States would be the most Inn
portant economic advance that could
happen In tho whole world and to thu
benefit Of the whole world"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-11

Aqueduct system, which serves the 100
square miles Of the District and Airing
ton County, is Maj Dewey M. Radcliffe
of the Army Engineers. A veteran of "a
years with the Washington Aqueduct,
Maj. Radcliffe is responsible for the
smooth operation of the entire system.
Many of the systems special features
were developed and built by Maj Rad
cliffe. For the last three years he
has met unprecedented demands with
present facilities. In that time output
has been increased from 100 900 900
to as high as 100000 900 gallons a day.
In direct charge of the publication
division and laboratory research for the
last % years is Carl j. Lauter, chemical
engineer. He probably knows more about
the water of the Potomac, and what
happens to it before you drink 1t, than
any other person.
The Washington water system has
dual personality unlike that in any
other city in the country. After purifica-
ton under the jurisdiction of the Army
engineer office, the water flows into
1,058 miles of mains owned and serviced
by the city. From those mains 1t enters
Washington homes through approx
mately 300 more miles of pipes.
But the Army Engineers job is finished
after the water has been collected, puri-
fed and pumped into covered, filtered
water reservoirs. At that point the city
takes over the job of distribution.
Absolved of further responsibility, the
Washington Aqueduct still considers it
has moral responsibility" to see that
the water remains pure in the mains
Therefore, its men take samples regu-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-11
Continued From Page C-3.)

Continued From Page C-3)
What is necessary in peace is "a COM
polling common purpose" as strong as
our national purpose in war, purpose
that could be sloganized as: Jobs for
All. We owe 1t to the future and to
the new generation to wipe out not only
wars but depreSsions.
How?
Beverages policy for full employ
ment depends chiefly on maintaining
an adequate total outlay" Che, uses the
word outlay, as opposed to spending)
high enough to set up demand for the
products of industry which cannot be
satisfied without using the whole man
power Of the country = = 1t must be a
function of the State In the future to
insure adequate total outlay and by
consequence to protect its citizens
against mass unemployment, as
definitely as it is now the function of
the State to defend its citizens against
attack from abroad and against robbery
and violence at home"
A New Responsibility
This function of the State" ID a new
responsibility that Beverage believes
any British government, Conservative
or Labor, must accept for the postwar
The possibilities are dazzling, I must
admit. Suppose we imagine our own
two-party system, Republicans and
Democrats, both agreeing ito protect"
Ayoorironc oooirck inb1acexoore TN, .
acceptance of such new responsibility
would open up new America, a new
age of pioneering, Transforming the
United States from q Nation Of booms
and depressions into the Nation count
less Americans have hoped for. The
American dream would become an
American reality.
Beverage emissions long-term pro-
gram of planned outlay designed to
give stability and expansion to the
economic system" He urges "a new
type OF annual budget that will be
concerned with the income and the
expenditure of the community as a
whole" Such budget would estimate
how much private citizens may be sex
pected to spend on investment and con-
sumption and would propose "a public
outlay sufhcient. with the estimated
private outlay, to bring about that con-
dition, that Is to say. to employ the
whole manpower Of the nation"
Are Beveridge,s proposals nonexport-
able? His proposals are not entirely
new to ~ here ia America. The United
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-11

larry and work closely with the Health
Department to keep the water safe.
First step In the complex publication
operation takes place ut Great Falls,
where the water starts its 10-mile flow
to the 1s0, 000, 000- gallon Dalecarha Res
ervoir. This is one of three great reser-
voirs holding 4s-hour water supply.
Water Varies Daily
In the first step, samples Of raw river
water are obtained. These are rushed
to the laboratory SO that chemists and
psychologists will have a full day to
decide what publication and taste meas
ures to take. There is no such thing as
routine treatment of water. Every day IS
supply varies with the rivers condition
Sharp changes are caused by seasonal
shifts, sudden rainfall, spring thaws,
Each day presents new problem.
Samples of the raw river water are
subjected, first of all. to innumerable
tests of three types: Chemical, bacteri-
illogical and microscopic. Chemists test
for chloride, for instance, because this
content may have bearing on the water
taste. Other tests determine the degree
Of alkilinity or acidity CpH value" in the
lingo of the water supply mem. carbon
dioxide content, hardness, the presence
Of organic and nitrogen compounds. and.
finally. the turbidity. or 'muddiness."
Making tie Taste Right
Other samples Of the raw water are
then given microscopic examination
to find out what kind Of higher forms
Of life dwell in the forthcoming days
supply II there's a dense popula-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-11

1clL engineer IN charge OF Ine
publication division of the
Army : operated Washington
nqueduct, Which collects and
purifes Washington and Ar
lington County 1Oater, matches
r. L. Sartain, laboratory
chemist, search for micro
scopic organisms in ra10 riDer
1D1ter.
thousands of so-called micro organisms.
They fall mainly into five different
classes: Diatomaceae, chlorophyceae and
cyanophyceae, protocol, rotifera and
crustaceae. So manifold are the forms
of life within these classifications that
a diatomist, for example, may spend his
entire life trying to become an expert
on the diatomaceae alone.
In the third series of examinations.
bacteria-a still lower form of life than
the micro-organism-are searched out
with exhaustive meteorological tests.
Water samples for these tests must be
collected, of course, in sterile containers.
So tiny are bacterial disease producers
that a microscope is useless to study
them.
With all this out of the way for the
time being, let's follow a glass of river
of water as 1t completes its 10-mile jour-
ney from the source of supply at Great
Falls.
Two Filtration Plants
AS it reaches the end of the journey
at the District line, it pours into the
mammoth Dalecarlia Reservoir. Once
here. it may 60 to either one of two
filtration plants in the Washington
Aqueduct system. They are the Dale
carlia plant and the Mcmillan plant.
Both are Of about equal capacity.
Both do the same job. Chief differ
ence is that Dalecarlia, the newer
plant, opened in 1923, is rapid sand
filter type, while Mcmillan, dating from
1905, is of the so-called slow-sand type.
Salient contrast in their operation is
that while Mcmillan requires 20 acres
of filters to do its job Dalecarlia turns
out approximately the same volume of
purified water with filter area of only
a couple of acres.
Aside from that their basic operations
are virtually the same. So let's suppose
our glass of raw river water flows
directly from the Dalecarlia Reservoir
into the Dalecarlia filtration plant. 1t
is muddy, probably full of bacteria.
crawling with micro-organisms Even
a sip might gravely endanger your
health.
Publication Methods
While it stays in the reservoir about
SO per cent of the mud settles to the
bottom. The chemists, and bacteriol-
ogists are now ready for it. They've
mapped their strategy on the basis of
tests of that same water.
AS the water flows into the plant it
is dosed with aluminium sulphate (alum)
coagulant which grabs most of the re-
naming mud and some micro-organ-
isms and turns them into a gelatinous
mass. When necessary it also gets a
dose of carbon to absorb smells and
odors. The water is flowing toward a
mixing basin as the alum and carbon
are added. and when 1t enters one OF
two settling basins the gelatinous mass
settles OUT to the bottom.
As 1t leaves this point the water looks
Continued on Page C-5.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-11
BY Robert ]. Lewis

With only a fraction of its present
population, Washington had so deaths
from water-borne typhoid fever 40 years
ago. Since 1889, while the city grew
spectacularly, demand for water rose so
per cent to the highest point in history.
As many as 100000 900 gallons day
were needed last year. And yet not one
case OF typhoid was traced to the heavily
expanded water supply.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-11
HowScience Stands Steady Guard to Keep
Our Drinking Water Pure and Healthful

all the micro organisms with odors or
tastes like herring, geraniums, cod-liver
oil, clam shells, cucumbers or pigpens
are sorted out under the microscope.
Here the never-flagging battle to keep
water palatable is waged. Here the de-
cisions are made that Affect the we'll
being of thousands.
You learn here, for instance, that
water samples from faucets in IS diff
ferent locations throughout the city are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-11

creasing numbers Of small balloons
which carry transmitters into the
stratosphere to broadcast temperature.
pressure and moisture readings.
Today very few blank spots not filled
In by current, factual information re-
main on northern hemisphere weather
pictures often consulted by the general
staff in planning overall strategy.
Notable exceptions are far reaches of
the Pacific. not too important to pres
ent military operations, and sections Of
Japanese-held China and the japanese
islands. These areas, however, are be-
ing narrowed.
Over the Hump
AS an example of how the system
works, take a small segment of the
big picture" The steep and treacher-
Gus airway over the Hump between
India and China is good enough, with
it's quick fogs and enormous thunder
heads which stack bank on bank against
the Himalayas when the wind is of the
Bay of Bengal.
This Is a tough country on meteor
ologsts as well as pilots in the opinion
of Maj. Paul M. Huber of Dubuque.
Iowa, who has returned from the c.
l. B. theater for duty with the head
quarters weather unit at the Pentagon.
Some early observers were parachuted
into the wild, isolated mountains where
China, Burma and India converge. The
vi
weathermen found-friendly enough to
nelp them clear landing strip for
transports.
Another group camped on caravan
route between Tibet and China, where
they traded empty tin cans for edibles
until their regular Army rations began
to tumble from the sky.
Still others, far to the Southeast, set
up their mobile station on mountain
side at United States air raid alarm
post within sight of q japanese flying
field in the valley below
Meanwhile, from an outpost in West
ern China Maj. Huber led jeep load
of young scientists into the interior
along pig trail which had never seen
a wheeled vehicle before.
Frightened horses tossed of their
riders, who proceeded to outrun the
steeds after taking a second look at
the jeep.
Tracing Monsoon Courses
From these stations In the highlands
and from others spotted far to the south
to trace the course of the monsoon
moving up from the sea reports were
compiled and forecasts issued for flyers
then Drawing the Hump with heavy
loads at q minimum altitude Of over
10000 feet.
Aside from high storms, dense fogs
towering over moist tea plantations and
flooded rice fields of Northeast India
used to blot out landing runways al
most without warning on nights when
high priority air traffic might be coming
from two directions.
The weather service had to be on It's
toes "a hours q day, especially at the
southern base. The young men in the
mountains, however, had fewer cares.
They could hunt wild duck and deer
and enjoy the salubrious climate while
their mates simmered In Indias heat,
Maj. Huber said.
But this was only . small part Of
the picture. As servicemen everywhere
will tell you:
They've got the big picture IN Wash-
ington-Ws hoper
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-11

Behind that outstanding record lie the
facilities of the s2O,00OOOO Washington
Aqueduct-as the War Departments sys-
tenn which collects and purifies the water
is called. The War Departments part
in the picture began in the 1866, when
Capt. M. c. Meigs of the United States
Army Engineer Corps built the aque-
duct. backbone of the present water
supply. There's also the District
Water Division, which has charge of
distribution. And the District Health
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-02-11

tested weekly to uncover possible pol
luton in the mains. and that the Dis
trict Health Department tests an addi-
tional 100 samples as an extra precau-
ton.
On-tne-sp0t tests also are made every
day at widely separated points in the
city for residual chlorine. This is in line
with other steps to keep taste troubles
at minimum and keep down pollution
in the mains.
Superintendent of the Washington