Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-01

Vic Dig III &C SolllCl CilLt.
-AP Photo.
tisanship and politics were laid aside
by nearly every American; and every
resource was dedicated to our COM
mon safety The same conservation
Ito the cause of peace will be ex-
Ipected by every patriotic American
and by every human soul overseas,
The structure of world peace can
not be the work of one man, or one
| party. or one nation. 1t cannot
| be an American peace, Or British,
a Russian, a French, or Chinese
peace. 1t cannot be a peace CT large
ndtions--or of small nations. 1t
must be a peace which rests on
the cooperative effort of the whole
world
/ 1t cannot be structure of COM
/ plete perfection at first. But it can
be peace-and it will be peace
based on the sound and just prin-
ciples of the Atlantic Charter-on
the conception of the dignity of the
/ human being-on the guarantees of
tolerance and freedom of religious
worship.
Instances of Political Confusion.
| AS the Allied armies have marched
TO military victory. they have lib
Grated peoples whose liberties had
been crushed by the Nazis for four
years and whose economy had been
reduced to ruin by Nazi despoilers
There have been instances of po-
litical confusion and unrest in these
liberated areas-as in Greece and
Poland and Yugoslavia and other
places. Worse than that, there
actually began to grow up in some
of them vaguely defined ideas of
spheres of influence" which were
incomp atible with the basic prin-
ciples of international collaDora-
ton. If allowed to go unchecked.
these developments might have had
tragic results.
1t is fruitless to try to place the
blame for this situation ON one
particular nation or another. 1t is.
the kind of development which is
almost inevitable unless the major
powers of the world continue with
out interruption to work together
and to assume joint responsibility
for the solution of problems which
may arise TO endanger the peace of
the world
We met in the Crimea, determined
| to settle this matter of liberated
areas. I am happy to confirm to
the Congress that we did arrive at
a settlement-a unanimous settle
ment.
The three most powerful nations
have agreed that the political and
economic problems of any area lib
Grated from the Nazi conquest. or
of any former Axis satellite, are a
joint responsibility of all three gov
ernments. They will join together.
during the temporary period of in
stability after hostilities, to help
the people of any liberated area.
or of any former satellite state, to
solve their own problems through
firmly established democratic proc
esses.
| They will endeavor to see to it
that interim governing authorities
are as representative as possible of
all democratic elements in the pop
ulation and that free elections are
held as soon as possible.
Can't Shirk Responsibility.
Responsibility for political condi-
tions thousands of miles overseas
can NJ longer be avoided by this
great Nation. AS I have said, it is
a smaller world. The United States
now exerts vast influence in the
cause of peace throughout all the
world. 1t will continue to exert
that influence only if it is willing
! to continue to share in the respon-
sibility for . keeping the peace. 1t
would be our own tragic loss were
we to shirk that responsibility.
Final decisions in these areas are
going to be made jointly, and there
fore they will often be result of
give and take compromise. The
/ UNITED States will not always have
its way 100 per cent-nor will Russia
| or Great Britain We shall not
always have ideal solutions to COM
Iplicated international problems, even
though we are determined continu-
ously to strive toward the ideal. But
I am sure that-under the agree
ments reached at Yalta-there will
be more stable political Europe
| than ever before
OF course, once there has been a
free expression of the peoples will
in any country, our immediate re-
sponsibility ends-with the excep-
ton only of such action as may be
agreed upon in the International
Security Organization.
The United Nations must also soon
begin to help these liberated areas
adequately to reconstruct their econ
omy so that they are ready to re-
sumo their places in the world. The
Nazi war machine has stripped them
of raw materials andAmachine tools
and trucks and locomotives. They
have left their industry stagnant
and much of their agriculture I'M
productive.
/ To start the wheels running
lagain is not mere matter of re-
lief. 1t is to the national interest
of all of us to see that those lib
Grated areas are again made self
supporting and productive so that
they do not need continued relief
from us.
Example Of Joint Action.
i One outstanding example OF joint
action by the three major Allies
in the liberated areas was the So
LUTON reached on Poland. The whole
i Polish question was a potential