davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-02-15
Roosevelt
Continued From First Page)

| NSOIltAluCu L i OIll IL oG IdSC.J
France as planned before the inva-
sion.
However, this Government made
no promise that I know Of" Mr.
Davis said. The estimate of ship
ping planned following D day was
our guess, rather than any pledge
of performance
The Paris dispatch said it was
reliably reported that the President
expected to call on Pope Plus XII
in Italy. From Vatican City today
came word that the pontiff was
bedfast with influenza and tenn
porarily had Cancelled audiences.
The Vatican City announcement did
not mention the President.
A joint British and American
statement announcing easing of the
Italian armistice terms to some ex-
tent, giving greater economic aid
to Italy and lifting some Allied ad-
ministrative controls, was reported
in the offlng.
An Associated Press dispatch last
night from Rome declared it was
understood there the declaration
would be announced in Washington
and London. This dispatch said
agreement on the new status fol
Italy was reported to have beer
reached after the British stead
fastly refused an American sugges-
ton that the present armistice be
scrapped.
The new pronouncement on Italy
was believed in Rome to keep that
nation, which is recognized as "co-
belligerent," still definitely in the
category of conquered country
Some Italian officials are said te
Evening star., 1945-02-15
Federal Deferments Doubled
In Year, Now Total 265,9O9

the armed forces because Of physical
or other reasons.
He added that of those qualified
for service, 211, ,430 are in the 30-to-
80 age bracket. 4
The Navy was listed as having
155, 1888 deferred men, followed by
the War Department with 1895.
The Post ONCE Department had
3,O76.
Several States had more men
listed than the District of Columbia,
which had 1905.
New York led with 46,509, while
New York City, which had 36,941 of
these, was ahead of any other city.
Evening star., 1945-02-15
Both u. 5. and Russia
|Concede Points 10 Win
Oaks Voting Accord
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
The Crimean compromise on
Dumbarton Oaks voting procedure
represented substantial concessions
by both Russia and the United
States along lines originally put for
ward by Britain, diplomats have
learned here.
Russia accepted the principle that
a great power might be accused OF
real or threatened aggression before
the world security council, on which
the five greatest postwar powers
all will be permanent members.
The total council membership now
planned is IL, of which would be
smaller nations. Under the voting
rule agreed to, any combination OF
six members could agree to bring
up any subject. including a charge
Of aggression, before the council
On this point Russia originally had
held out for system of unanimous
agreement among the Big Five
Thus, any accused great power
would have a Veto.
Cleared Way for Conference.
Russia, however, agreed at Yalta
that a great power could be accused
The United States receded on an
Allied point involving the next STEP
in dealing with power accused OF
aggression-that is the decision on
whether to apply sanctions, military
force or other forms of collective
action against it.
On this point Russia obtained
agreement to voting procedur,
which would require unanimou
agreement of the five permanent
powers. Thus, any one of the pow.
ers always would be assured of al
opportunity to veto the use OF forc'
in any form against itself.
Settlement of the voting issue
which had been left undecided b,
the Dumbarton Oaks conference
here, cleared the way for calling
the San Francisco conference OF
April IS.
President Carried Draft.
A compromise on these lines orig.
inally was proposed by the British
delegation at Dumbarton Oaks, bu
it was considered unacceptable b.
the American and Russian delega'
tions. When President Roosevelt
went to the Crimea, he took with
him draft OF, proposal for tn.
compromise and put it up to Stair
and Churchill himself.
War Mobilization Director Byrnes
who attended the conference, tole
newsmen Tuesday he believed tn,
Presidents draft was accepted with.
out change, but elsewhere it wa.
learned that certain technica
changes were made, although tn,
substance remained unalterei.
Evening star., 1945-02-15
Monpower
Continued From First Page)

but added that "We will include
also survey of nonmilitary per-
sonnel in the military establish
ment." He said the same charges
of boarding manpower have been
made against the Army as against
the Navy.
Discussing the number of men in
uniform seen on the streets at home
Chairman Thomas said the general
pointed out that soldiers are fur
loughed before going overseas and
others are brought home for fur
loughs.
Chairman Thomas added his own
comment that in the most efficient
Army 10 per cent of mans time
would be spent in a rest area. He
also pointed out that men on fur
Tough like to visit Washington.
Although ma ajority of the Senate
committee appears to be definitely
against drafting individual workers,
which is the basic feature of the
House bill, there has been no formal
agreement yet on the nature OF the
alternative that will be agreed upon
Strongest Substitute.
The strongest substitute at the
moment is the Kilgore Wagner
Ferguson measure, made public yes
terday. which continues and
strengthens the present machinery
of the War Manpower Commission
This plan involves compulsion, but
all directed at the employer rather
than the individual worker.
The chief weapons in this plan
are: % Authority to fix the number
of workers who may be employed
in any plant, regardless of age or
sex; 90 the power to make regula-
tions to govern the hiring in es-
sential industry for surplus workers
forced out of non essential plants by
these job ceilings.
The substitute also directs Gov
ernment authorities to make sur
veys to learn whether maximum use
is being made of available man.
power both in industry and in the
armed forces. Backers Of the sub
stitute believe these surveys will
show there is ample manpower to
make drafting of labor unnecessary
if workers are distributed properly.
The War Manpower Commission
substitute was drafted originally
by Senators Kilgore of West Vir-
ginia and Wagner of New York. both
Democrats. Its chances were
strengthened last night when Sen
ator Ferguson, Republican, of Mich
igan joined in sponsoring it.
Evening star., 1945-02-15
High Court Ruling
In Ward Case Sought
Before June Recess

The Supreme Court was confront
ed today with petition from the
Government to determine speedily
whether President Roosevelt was
within his rights in ordering seizure
of Montgomery Ward establish
ments in seven cities because the
merchandising concern f1outed or
ders of the War Labor Board.
Judge Philip L. Sullivan of Fed
eral Court, Chicago, ruled on jan
uary 27 that Montgomery Ward is
not a war industry as defined by the
War Labor Disputes Act, and that
the President was without author
ity to order the Army to take over.
The court, however, left the seizure
in effect pending ultimate deter
mtnation of the case.
Petition Filed Yesterday.
The petition filed by the Justice
Department late yesterday said the
case is the first to come before the
Supreme Court involving powers OF
the Government under the Labor
Disputes Act and is first in this war
involving the Presidents comparable
powers under the Constitution.
1t contended the District Court
erred in holding that the War
Labor Disputes Act did not author
ize the action taken by the Presi-
dent; In failing to hold that act,
in conjunction with the powers of
the President under the Constitu-
ton, authorized the action taken; +;
in holding that the Constitution,
without regard to the War Labor
Disputes Act, did not authorize the
action, and in entering judgment
for the mail order firm.
Dcision Before Recess Sought.
The Government already has
docketed an appeal in the United
States Circuit Court of Appeals, but
If the Supreme Court assumes juris-
diction, this intermediate appellate
action will be waived.
If the Supreme Court takes the
ease it will be possible to decide it
before the summer recess starts in
June. Not infrequently, however,
In similar circumstances. the high
tribunal has refused to permit a
short cut, requiring instead that
litigation follow its regular course.
In urging the shortened proceed
ure, the Justice Department said it
would be in the interest of the war
effort
Evening star., 1945-02-15

This reference apparently was to
certain White House reporters, in
cluding an Associated Press repre-
sentative. There has been no Wash
ington announcement of their trip
pending formal clearance from
abroad.
Evening star., 1945-02-15
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
The number of Federal workers
receiving draft deferments because
of their employment has more than
doubled since last year, Congress
was told today.
The information came from Sc
lective Service Director Hershey in
a report which said 265 300 Gov
ernment job-holders qualified for
military service were deferred as
Of December l, 1914.
In a report year ago, the total
was given as 130,605. The figures
are for men between 18 and 38.
In addition to the 265 9O9, Gen.
Hershey said 1928 other Federal
workers held deferments, but they
were not qualified for induction into
Evening star., 1945-02-15
Single Tox Club Hears
Two Members Of House

Representative Gallagher, Demo-
crat. OF Minnesota and Representa-
tive Crosser. Democrat, Of Ohio
were guests Of honor of the Won1-
ems Single Tax Club at a dinner
last night at the Kenesaw Apart
ments. Both spoke on the single tax.
Guests included Mrs. Gallagher
and Representative Crosser's daugh-
ter, Mrs. Barbara Sweeny. Mrs.
Helene H. McEyoy, club president,
presided
Evening star., 1945-02-15
Merchants Elect

DR.. Henry C. Reece has been re-
elected president of the Alexandria
Retail Merchants Association for
third term. Julian Chauncey
was reelected vice president, and
Thomas M. Jones secretary treas
urer. Named to the Board of Di-
rectors were Mr. Gaines, Ross Hunt,
Jack Bowden, o. B. Hopkins and
M. H. Burchell.
Evening star., 1945-02-15

have advocated full elimination ,od
the arnistice agreement on the
ground 1t constitutes a psychological
inpediment to full italian collabo-
ration in nghting the Nazis.
Secrecy to Continue.
The Rome dispatch said that de-
spite the expected new declaration
| 1t was believed all secret clauses Of
the surrender document, signed in
September, 1943, by Marshal Pietro
Badoglio, would remain known only
to a few.
Why these clauses never have
been made public remains mys-
terry. The Italian government has
said it was willing to have them
known. President Roosevelt has
said on several occasions that he
saw no objection. Military security,
however, still is said to be involved.
Information from Rome indicated
the Italian statement already has
been initiated by responsible off,
cials of both Britain and the United
States. The Malta conference of
President Roosevelt and Prime
Minister Churchill, while both were
en- route to the Crimea Big Three
meeting, seemed one of the most
likely sites for the signing to have
taken place.
Onfcial announcement was made
Inct tninhf that Drir icfo ar
Churchill had reached Athens. He
was accompanied by Foreign Min
lister Anthony Eden.
1t was disclosed also that Gen
George C. Marshall. Army Chief of
staff, had stopped of in Italy on his
way back from the Big Three parley
and had been touring the front for
three days.
Secretary of State Stettinius, who
went to Moscow from the Crimea,
left the Russian capital by plane
yesterday, Russian broadcast said
last night.
All arrangements of the Presi-
dents tour are subject to change.
vV1i3AC diS liO AllNllCdtiOllS llld u
the President is i'll, there is no doubt
that the Crimea Conference has
been a hard strain on him, and
some of his aides are worried about
his physical condition.
Meanwhile, both French and
American authorities here are stand
ing by for news from Italy, where
Mr.. Roosevelt is reported preparing
to receive group of White House
correspondents flown from WASH
ington for press conference on the
Big Three meeting.
This reference apparently was to
certain White House reporters, in
cluding an Associated Press repre-
sentative. There has been no Wash
ington announcement of their trip
pending formal clearance from
abroad.
Evening star., 1945-02-15
Report ,Ior Last "a Hours.

Tide Tables.
FURNISHED by United States Coast and
Geodetic Survey
Evening star., 1945-02-15
Baltimore Mayor 5 Brother
Found Dead Near Tracks
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
BALTIMORE, Feb. Charles e.
McKeldin, So, brother Of Mayor
Theodore r. McKeldin. was found
dead yesterday near railroad track,
but authorities said there were no
marks on the body and that he
apparently suffered heart attack.
Mr.. McKeldin's body was found by
an official OF the Maryland Wiping
Evening star., 1945-02-15
Scouts to Hear Talk

Dr. Ira N. Gabrielson, director of
the fish and wildlife section, In
terror Department, will address a
gathering of Arlington County
Scouts at pm. tomorrow at the
Clarendon Methodist Church. He
will describe his experiences in ma
ture study.
Evening star., 1945-02-15

Cloth Co., who was on his way to
inspect q freight car.
The widow, Mrs. Emma v. Nc
Keldin, said she had not seen her
husband for the last two weeks.
She said he was employed at an
Elevator concern. Also surviving are
six children.
Evening star., 1945-02-15
Weather Report

District of Columbia-Sunny and
warmer with highest temperature
near go this afternoon. Fair and
warm with low near As tonight.
Considerable cloudiness and contin-
ued mild tomorrow
River Report.
Potomac and Shenandoah Rivers cloudy
1t Harpers Ferry. Potomac muddy at
Great Falls.
Evening star., 1945-02-15

PORTLAND, OREG. MUCH
MARRIED-Vilma Suberly, 26,
accused OF marrying five
sailors, a soldier and two ci-
villains within five years and
collecting $4,000 in allotment
checks. pictured as she was
brought here yesterday. She
was arrested Saturday while
working in a beauty parlor in
Eugene, Greg. A possible
ninth marriage is being in
veStigated. -AP Wirephoto.
Evening star., 1945-08-29

sure I'd be more interested in eating
'em than writing letters"
The pigeon parachute bombs were
dumped on Germany-as presum-
ably they later would have been
dumped on Allied prisoners of war
camps in Japan-by the night fly
ing 406th Squadron of the 9th Ali
Forces which in, the LAST 20 months
of the war dropped millions of
leaflets and patriot newspapers or
occupied Europe and Germany.
1t. Edgerton was born in Houston
Tex, was educated in private
schools and was graduated from
West Point in 1941. He was sta
toned at 81 different fields before
going overseas.
His mother said he is stationed
temporarily in London. His wife
is living with her parents in Balti-
more.
Gen. Edgerton, prior to coming
here a year ago, was Governor OF
the Panama Canal for eight years
Evening star., 1945-08-29
District Lieufenant's
Plane Bombed Labor
Camp With Pigeons
By RoMNEY WHEELER,

ON
Associated Press STAFF Correspondent.
HERRINGTON, England, Aug. 20.
One night in mid-April Jet black
Liberator bomber cut the night sky
over Germany, winging toward a
pinpoint objective on the navigator's
map.
The big ship was piloted by 1t.
Bruce Edgerton, II, son of Maj Gen.
c. E. Edgerton, director of materiel
of the Army Service Forces, and
Mrs. Edgerton, who reside at 4434
Hawthorne street NV, Washing
ton, D. c. The target was not an
industrial plant or military in
stallation. 1t was camp for slave
labor. The dozen bombs" which
soon were to go plummeting down
from $4,000 feet were among the top
secrets Of the war.
few with 1t. Edgerton and his
crew that night on deep penetra-
ton mission over Leipzig and Dres-
den, but only now am I allowed to
tell the full story. For Edgerton's S
Liberator Midnight Mistress" was
one of the first ships to carry para
chute bombs" loaded with live
pigeons.
Cargo Released.
When 1t. John A. Alexander of
East Liverpool, Ohio, the navigator,
put us over the target, the live cargo
went oversize by hand.
Back in the waist compartment
SiSergt. Larue Shipley of Caldwell
Idaho, and S/Sergt. Charles W.
Strain of Crete, Nebr, pitched cut
dozen cardboard cylinders, each
containing live pigeon. Like para
troopers, their parachutes snapped
open on miniature static lines.
Each pigeon carried a small con-
tainer on one leg with printed in
structions in several languages and
requests for information on Nazi
installations, troop strength and de-
ployment which were to be fastened
to the birds for relay to approach
ing spearheads of Gen. Hodges and
Gen. Patton.
Although the percentage of re-
turning pigeons never has been dis
closed officially, I learned later that
a number of birds returned to their
cages in England with valuable in
formation. Others may have been
lost and still others may have found
their way into some ones cooking
pot.
He Would Eat Them,
You know" observed the bonn
bardier, 1t. Carlo zuniga, Mira
Iona, Calf, IF I were a hungry
slave laborer and some one para
chuted in some pigeons I'm darn
Evening star., 1945-08-29
Veterans to Hear Talk

Veterans enrolled in national
service officer training at American
University will hear an address at
7 pm. today by DR.. Addison NJ
Duval of, st. Elizabeths Hospital
on the subject of mental adjust
ment. Tht seminar will be held
at the Washington College of Law
at Twentieth and G streets NV.
Evening star., 1945-08-29

Custsm-M Deauville
In embossed rayon with
convertible collar, fluffy
jabot. Rose, Lime.
White; 32-3S----$8.s5
Evening star., 1945-08-29

$lO.6O 7os. r.: '..
In step with today's Fashion
Trends are "HANDBAGS!" AS
Madarne's apparel has become
more feminine -. more ele-
CANT, so have her handbags!
Size may be enormous !. on
the small side u. or the newest
chunky" size. A handsome
new collection now showing at
Kann's 4. in feathers =. all
wool broadcloths I. lizards !. /.
snakeskins alligators. Col
ors: Blacks, Browns, Reds,
Tans, Nays (not everyone in
every materially Such famous
names as Jenny" "Shur-
tite!"
Kanns-Handhegs Street Iioog -
Evening star., 1945-08-29
BLACK Suits
Of SoH W. Wool.

Vogue says, 'Your best friend
a little BLACK suit and we as
sure you this years studies in
BLACK are revolutionarily diff
ferent! Types run the proverbial
gamut from the longest possible
jackets to the short-short-clipped
ones; but ALL MUST" have the
wider armhole y. a softer femin-
inc air. The final result: Suits
that are dramatically striking,
yet 5000 wearable!
Evening star., 1945-12-17
Boston, San Francisco
Appear 10 Be in Lead
As Site Of UN0 Home
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Dec. 17-Marking
What Yugoslav Delegate Stoyan
Gavrilovic describes as a shift of
the center of world politics from
the Old to the New World diplo-
mats of 81 nations today began the
selection of a site in the United
States for the home of the United
Nations.
Gavrilovic, chairman of a sub
committee which has been hearing
invitations from various American
cities, said 'the big fight" over
whether Europe or the United States
would get the permanent head
quarters was over and that "selec-
ton of a specific location in the
United States should be fairly
easy"
THE main issue is out of the
way, resulting in a shift of the
center of world politics to the New
World" he said. 1T had to come
but many Europeans were reluctant
to admit that Europe is no longer
the center"
Fav0rites Listed.
Favorites in the field of 80 Ameri-
can cities were San Francisco and
Boston, the latter supported by
many European delegates because
of its nearness to the Old World.
Delegates from China, Australia
and the Philippines have come out
for San Francisco, where the world
peace organization was founded.
Representatives from st. Louis and
Cincinnati are scheduled to be heard
by a subcommittee on Thursday.
An American delegate said the
field of 80 probably would be mar
rowed down to three or four in the
preliminary decisions and a subcom-
mittee then would visit the proposed
locations. --.
Choice May Be Delayed.
The final choice may not be made
until the General Assembly meets
in January.
When locality finally is selected,
the host state must sign an agree
ment providing for ownership by the
United Nations of land where the
organization is situated, and for the
deciding Of additional land for the
construction, if necessary. of radio
stations, an airport and a railway
station.
The agreement, drafted by a SUBJ
committee, says "the United Nations
zone is inviolable," and provides
guarantees of noninterference.
Meanwhile, European nations
launched a drive to establish a re-
gional Office in Europe, possibly in
Geneva, where old League of Ma
tions buildings could be used.
Evening star., 1945-12-17
British ArcheoIoqist Dies

LONDON, Dec. II (F.-Maj. Sir
Thomas Selby Lawson-Tancred, 75.
British archeologist and author.
died at his home in Yorkshire Sat-
urday. The ninth baronet Of his
line, he served with the British
Army in India and in the World
War.
Evening star., 1945-12-17
10000 See Opening
OF B. & 0. Station
Al Silver Spring

The new passenger station Of the
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad at Silver
Spring was opened formally yester-
day, when more than 10000 viewed
the $85,000 building and an exhibit
of the latest type trains and old
equipment.
Emphasizing the great advance
made in train design, the famous
Thatcher Perkins locomotive, placed
in service in 1868, stood beside the
most modern train equipment Of
the day. Attracting special interest
was the two-unit Diesel-electric 10
comotive, which hauls II cars at a
speed of 80 miles an hour.
The high speed steam engine
which hauB fast freight or heavy
passenger service and the mountain
or Mallet type engine which is used
to haul freight over mountains also
attracted considerable attention.
The Navy's Victory Bond Special
was eXnlplted curing Lne morning
hours. Among those who visited
the train were Fred L. Utes, Mont
gomery County chairman of the
Victory Loan Drive, which sub.
scribed 167 per cent Of its $4,000, ,00C
quota.
The old Silver Spring station was
built in 1878, a few years after the
railroad had constructed the met.
ropolitan branch" to connect Wash.
ington with its main line at Point
of Rocks, Md. It was used chiefly
for suburban travel until the growth
i of Northwest Washington ant
Montgomery County led the rail.
road in 1886 to designate Silvel
Spring as stop for its through
trains
Evening star., 1945-12-17
House Opens Debate
Today on President 5
Powers in UN0 Bill
~ the Associated press.

SASSSSAsSSS 4 -z
The House scheduled debate today
on the question of how much author
ity to give the President In his deal
ings with the United Nations Or
ganization.
This controversial subject Is the
main issue in bill providing for
full participation by this country
in UNO.
/ Chairman Bloom OF the Foreign
Affairs Committee told newsrmen he
did not know who would lead the
fight but he expected attempts to
limit the Presidents power.
Curbs on Aggressors.
He predicted, however, that any
such efforts would be voted down,
| as they were when the Senate
adopted the measure IS to Z on De-
cember 4.
The bill before the House would
authorize the President to impose
sanctions on aggressor nations anc
to use American troops assigned te
UNO's Security Council against ag-
gressors without specific permission
OF Congress.
In the Senate fight, Senator Taft
Republican, OF Ohio. termed this
TOO broad a grant of unguided
power" He tried, unsuccessfully, to
set time limit on the sanctions
authority. Others sought to limit
the use of troops to certain condi-
tions.
| Other Provisions Of Bill.
The measure also authorizes the
President, with the Senates con-
sent, to name these officials:
A representative to the Security
Council, with rank of Ambassador
and $4,000 yearly pay; his deputy
who will be diplomatic minister at
$4,000 year; up to five delegates
to the UNO assembly at $4,000
yearly, and other representatives.
All these delegates would be re-