davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-12-17
Porents Empty NmboII School;
Get Promise of New Addition

Kimball School parents staged a
100 per cent effective strike against
overcrowding today-not a single
child appeared-while at the Dis
trict Building an Executive Com
mittee got promise that construc-
ton of an addition will start April
Is, regardless Of whether Congress
appropriates more money.
But the District Building officials
and the Kimball mothers differ on
whether the strike was the cause
OF the encouraging news.
Col. Joseph D. Arthur, r., AS
sistant Engineer Commissioner, said
he would have told the mothers
anytime they came to see me" that
he intended to begin construction
OF an addition in the spring with
the funds he has available.
Mrs. Anne Goodman, president Of
the Kimball Parent Teacher Asso-
ciatiop, said she believed the strike
had been helpful" in drawing the
attention Of officials to overcrowd-
ing.
Asked II she believed the strike
had been necessary, Mrs. Goodman
replied ut was In line with the ira.
ditional American way Of objectinf
TO = deplorable condition.
Mrs. Joseph Zaner, : Kimbal
mother, added that she stillAis not
Evening star., 1945-12-17
Senate Takes Up Pay Bill
ChurIes Town Results

FIRST RACE-purse. $500; 3-year-olss
and up;. claiming: about Az furlongs. -
Rhyme Maker IArdpinI 7.so .3.So $40
Moose Party tBernhardt) 10.40 5.6o
Noslen tSnydeT) 4A0
Time, 0.61zs. -
Also rar-Crasgwood Miss Silver sting.
Bad Lady. Maryland Morn and Fogosc.
SECOND RACE-Purse, $500; 3-year.
olds and up; claiming; about furlonzs.
Raylieht lMatraD 1910 62O $50
Exploit lE. Wrightl 400 2.f3fI
Ted o wv. Kirk S.8tI
Time, 1.2Sas
daily Double Paid S55.40A
Also ran-Pilate's Punch, Teheran, q.
e. Hamilton, Bagpipe, Money Talks.
THIRD RACE-Purse, $500; 3-year-o -olds
and up; claiming: 81 furlongs, I,
Lord Loudoun fB'hardtl 7.20 4.60 $50
Big Sneeze tSnyder} ZOO 40
sesond Attempt tdarrettsonj $50
s. Also ran-Mor-Lady. Pharant, Jane
Hughes. Mend, France On.
FOURTH RAcE--Purse, 81 900: s.
year-olds and up; allowances: 6H, furiongs.
Haymelia lAndeYson) 4.40 $50 500
. Also ren-piseon. sea Pilot. Gray Can.
Starsoo, Tintrel.
Evening star., 1945-12-17
Officers Discharge Score
Cut Due in January

A January reduction in the point
scores for discharge of Army officers
is expected to be announced within
a few days, a War Department
spokesman said today.
At present, most Army officers
outside the Medical Department re-
quire 73 points or four years and
three months of service for dis
charge. The score was dropped from
Is to 73 on December / and is ex-
pected to be dropped again on jan
uary l. the War Department official
said.
Evening star., 1945-12-17
Value of Zigzogging Discounted
by American Sub Commander
Copt. Donoho Corroborotes Jop's Statement
At McVuy Trial Thut Action Is Useless

is credited with sinking 100000 tons
Of japanese shipping as commander
Of submarines in % successful at
tacks.
He declared submarine shippers
always made allowances for a zig
gag course by target, so the attack
could be made on the next leg of
the course. Speaking for himself,
he said such defense was Of no value
to surface ships unless the turns
were made after the torpedoes were
fired. And even then, he added,
"the chances are $3.50 he will turn
into the torpedoes."
His testimony corroborated that
of Comdr. Iko Hashimoto, japanese
sub commander, who testified last
week that zigzag course would have
been of small concern to him when
he sighted the "10 ,000-to cruiser
Evening star., 1945-12-17
Temperature Drops
To Is on Coolest
Day Of Season Here
Mercury Reaches Lowest
Point Since 12-Deeree
Reading Lost Jan. Is

Washington experienced its
coolest weather of the season to-
day as the thermometer dropped
to a low of 16 degrees and threat
ened to drop to Is degrees in the
city and 10 in the suburbs to-
night.
The Weather Bureau forecast
some moderation tomorrow, but
warned that the cold wave would
descend again and remain for sew
eral days.
The temperature, 18 degrees at
$3.50 am, rose slowly during the
day and was expected to reach the
mid-20s late this afternoon. Fair
and continued cold" was forecast.
This was the coolest day in Wash
ington since last January Is when
the thermometer fell to IL degrees.
The coldest December II on record,
10 degrees, occurred in 1876.
Two Die in Baltimore.
slippery streets and pavements
caused minor accidents here. James
A. Land, 46, of 735 Tenth street Sc.
broke his right wrist when he Slip
ped on the pavement of filling
station at 2415 Bladensburg road
NE. police reported.
The cold wave gripped the entire
East Coast. A blizzard in Buffalo,
depositing 48 inches of snow in 81
hours, closed schools and stalled
trains. In Baltimore, two died as
automobiles went out of control on
icy streets.
The coolest weather reported was
10 degrees below zero at Lennon,
S. Oak. The cold wave spread rapidly
southeastward and promised near
zero temperatures in Virginia and
the Carolinas tonight.
Subzero temperatures for West
ern Maryland were predicted In an
Associated Press report. AS early
as 8 o'clock last night the mercury
had dipped to 10 above zero at Cum
berland, and lower readings were
(See WEATHER- page A-31
Evening star., 1945-12-17
a Children Die in Blaze
LAT Chicken House Home
BY the Associated l,ress.

by the ASSOCIATED presS.
PINOLE, Calf, Dec. 17.-Four
small children were burned to death
here last night in a fire which de-
stroyed q chicken house that had
been converted into apartments.
Two persons are in critical condi-
ton at nearby hospitals.
Five other youngsters, all less than
8 years of age, we're rescued safely
The dead:
Gene Bishop, 4, son Of Mr.. and
Mrs. Henry Bishop Of Pinole, In
whose apartment all of the victims
were sleeping; Alfred Major, 8, son
of Mr.. and Mrs. Jack Major OF
Monterey, Calf; Cecilia Twiman, q
and Glen, Roy Twiman, 1, children
of Mr.. and Mrs. Laverne Twiman
of Stockton, Calf.
Mrs. Violet Ruth Golsam, 90
daughter Of the Bishops, told au-
thorities the children had been left
with her while their parents spent
the evening in San Pablo.
Cause Of the blaze was ,ndeter-
mined.
Evening star., 1945-12-17
WI Thinks Chiong Regime
Would Agree to Coalition

CHUNGKING, Dec. II (R.-Min-
lister of Information K. c. WI de-
clared as his personal opinion" to-
day that the Chinese government
would agree to a coalition with the
Communists provided there were no
independent armies or territories in
China.
WI asserted the Communists
however, wanted to retain their
armies and obtain independent
control over the northern provinces,
where the perils of civil war now
are greatest.
The Minister declared official
quarters here did not consider Pres
ident Truman's statement of Amer
ica's China policy in the light of a
warning because the aims were
identical with those of the National
government.
Communists Skeptical.
The Presidents declaration drew
enthusiasm approval from govern
ment leaders generally, but polite
skepticism from the Communists,
whose representatives were calling
on government delegates today in
for a resumption of
peace talks.
Awaiting the arrival Of Gen.
George C. Marshall as they gather
here to talk of peace, both factions
looked to President Truman's spe-
ciaf envoy to China to implement
the Presidents hopes that China's
difficulties can be solved without
recourse to full-blown civil war.
AS Gen. Chou En-lai, deputy
Evening star., 1945-12-17
BY ROBERT BRUSKIN.

A zigzag course for a vessel as
a defense against torpedoes is
practically worthless, an Ameri-
can submarine commander tes-
tilted today at the court-martial
Of Capt. Charles B. McVay III,
charged with negligence and in
efficiency in the loss of the
cruiser Indianapolis.
Capt. Glynn r. Danaho, 4453
Thirty-sixth street South, Arlington,
testified before the board at the
Washington Naval Gun Factory,
which is hearing charges that Capt.
McVay was negligent in failing to
zigzag the cruiser when she was
sunk last July 80 with the loss of
$50 men.
Capt. Danaho has been decorated
with the Navy Cross four times and
Evening star., 1945-12-17
Union Picket Line
Cracked by Police al
GIN Plant in Flint
FIyins-Wedee Formation
Opens Way for Entry
OF Office Workers
By the Associated Press.

DETROIT, Dec. 17.-Police
cracked a picket line of CIO
United Auto Workers strikers to
escort office workers into one
plant of General Motors today,
while at other factories the
picket lines opened voluntarily.
A fying-wedge formation of po-
lice charged the line at the AC
Spark Plug division in Flint, bring
ing about 30 Office workers into the
administration building at the out
set. with another 100 going in later.
General Motors, which has
charged the UAW-CIO with illegal
picketing" and has sought injunc-
tions in Ohio, Illinois and New
Jersey, had directed Office workers
in several Michigan cities to report
today.
Thirty EIGHT thousand office work.
ers, supervisory personnel and other
nonstrikers have been idle in the
26-day-old walkout of ITS 1000 pro-
duction workers over the unions
80 per cent wage increase demand.
Police Send Alert Order.
Although Office workers entered
GIN plants in other Michigan cities
without untoward incident, the State
police sent out an alert order to
all its posts in affected communi-
ties.
In a number of plants the UAW-
CLOS pickets have permitted the en-
try of nonstrikers since the day the
strike began. Strikers in Flint,
however. had protested the entry of
any. Shouts of "scab" greeted the
appearance of nonstrikers today.
Meanwhile, the unions wage
fights in the auto industry broad
ened as the newly formed Kaiser
Frazer Corp. entered the negotia-
tions scene.
r. j. Thomas, president of the
UAW-CIO, planned to carry the
unions case personally into the first
conference with Kaiser Frazer at
l:30 pm, while other unionist met
again with General Motors at 2 pm.
A meeting with the Ford Motor
Co. was postponed until 10 am. to-
morrow, limiting today's docket to
General Motors and KAISER Frazer.
Kaiser-F'razer, planning to build
two lines of cars in the Willow Run
bomber plant is reported planning
to demand some kind of guarantee
against unauthorized strikes before
making known its proposed wage
rates.
!, Ford Pay Hopes Bolstered.
Speculation that Ford would come
up soon with a wage offer has
mounted steadily since union plan
for such a purpose was commended
by Ford officials last week.
The plan. not yet formally ac-
cepted by the company, would sub
(Coo ATTTO yIy0oDnnC q
Evening star., 1945-12-17
u. S., Canada to Survey Arctic
For Defense in Polar Attack
8l-Doy Exploration Of WosteIond Scheduled
To Gather information VitoI to Security

area is regarded as one of the poten-
tial approaches to some of America s
most vital cities.
In two segments, the expedition is
scheduled to start from Churchill,
Manitoba, in February and
from Edmonton, Alberta, in early
May.
In addition to sending observers,
the United States has given the
Canadian government assurance of
full cooperation in developing and
carrying out the expedition.
During the 81 days, the scores of
men on the trip will be supplied by
air. The Canadian Air Forces will
obtain what officials expect will be
vital information on Arctic opera
tions, and the ground troops and
scientists will gather essential facts
on the clothing, food and equip
ment needed for ground operations
in extreme cold.
Gen. H. H. Arnold, Army Air
ICoo ATONETC 49, .
Evening star., 1945-12-17
Conviction Of 60O,0O(
In Nazi Leader Corps
Asked al Nuernberq
Five Other Groups Also
Named in Prosecution
Of Minor Party OffieioIs
BY the Associated Press.

NUREMBERG, Dec. 17.-Amer-
ican prosecutors today called on
the International Military Tri-
bunal to convict as war GRIM
inals 100000 members of the
Nazi Leadership Corps - de-
scribed as "the brain, backbone
and directing arm of the Nazi
party"
Opening new phase of the war
crimes trial of 81 top Hitlerite lead
ers, the prosecution charged that
thousands of members of such once
powerful organizations as the Lead
ership Corps, the Elite Guard (SS)
the Storm Troops (SA), the Reich
Cabinet, the Gestapo and the Ger
man high command also should be
declared guilty as. war criminals.
Jails of the Allied powers in occu-
pied Germany are filled with thou
sands of such minor Nazis.
100000 Active Functionaries.
If the six indicted German or
carnations are convicted of being
criminal groups, these members
automatically will be guilty of war
crimes to varying degrees, Ameri-
can prosecutors declared.
Col. Robert G. Storey, assistant
American prosecutor, opened the
new phase of the trial by producing
records showing the Nazi Leader
ship Corps had approximately 60Q,-
600 active functionaries, ranging
from Hitler's immediate aides to
minor block leaders whose duty, the
prosecutor charged. was "to spy on
the population"
Col. Storey declared the esti-
mated figure of 100000 for = the
membership of the Nazi Leadership
Corps was limited view." assert
ing that numerous minor staff Off
GERS would bring the total to ap-
proximately 100000.
Breakdown by Categories.
However, conviction of the sub
ordinate staff officers is not being
sought by the prosecution, because
their participation in and RESPONSE
bility for the conspiracy were meas
urably less extensive than those of
staff officers and Office holders on
higher levels of the Leadership
Corps"
Col. Storey listed the membership
in the various categories of the
Leadership Corps as follows: Al
gauleiters district leaders,, 808
kriesleiters County leaders,, 28,376
ortsgruppenleiters Qocal group lead
ers), 89,378 zellenleiters (cell lead
ers) and 463, ,048 blockleiters (block-
leaders, each supervising approx
mately go houses.
The prosecutor charged that the
Reich cabinet by its decree of July
3, 1884, legalizing the party's blood
purge moved to make itself access
sories after the fact of these mur-
ders."
Earlier, the prosecution disclosed
the systematic plans for the strip
ping of food from Russia that
would have wiped out the popula-
tions OF Moscow and Stalingrad if
those cities had been conquered
Reading from captured German
plans for the conquest of Russia
the prosecution named Hermann
Georing, sitting uncomfortably in
the prisoners box, as the insti-
gator of a calculated starvation plan
that would have caused the deaths
of tens of millions" of Russians.
This document reveals a pro-
gram OF mass murder to stagger
Evening star., 1945-12-17
Builder Warns
Speed Is Needed
In Housing Talks
Program to End
Material Shortages
Called Essential
By MALCOLM LAMBoRNE, Jr


A spokesman for the Nations
home builders today warned the
Government Labor Industry
Conference on the housing
shortage that unless delibera-
tions result in recommendations
to quickly break bottlenecks in
production, channel materials
into home construction and pre-
vent restrictive operating condi-
tions, "it will have failed utterly
in it's purpose"
Joseph E. Merrion, president of
OF the National Association of Home
Builders, made the statement dur
ing the opening session of a 2-day
conference on means of solving the
housing crisis. Earlier, the group
heard Civilian Production Admin
istrator John D. Small call for a ban
on construction of such buildings as
night clubs and "juke joints" dur
ing the emergency.
Unfortunately this conference,
suggested by Reconversion Direc-
tor John W. Snyder, is Just eight
weeks late,'' Mr.. Merrion declared
in statement which also criticized
housing legislation in Congress,
which he said would "reshackle and
emasculate the industry"
Fears Steel Strike.
L. C. Hart, president of the Pro-
ducers' Council, an organization
composed of representatives of the
building materials industry. like
wise sounded a warning, declaring
that the threatened steel strike
next month will mean virtual
stoppage of home construction"
Mr.. Small called on the building
industry today to bar construction
of such buildings as night clubs
until the housing crisis is nearer
solution, and to make ingenious
use of substitutes for scarce brick
and lumber in order to get volume
home production into Nigh gear.
Keynote of the meeting, which
was called by the National Housing
Agency at the suggestion of Mr..
Snyder, was sounded when Mr.,
Small declared:
Homes are built in local COM
munlties by private citizens-build-
ers, contractors and labor. Gov
ernment can only make it possible
for you to do your job. We look
TO you to put your shoulders to the
wheel and to keep pushing"
Need 100000 in I94s. .
National Housing Administrator
John B. Biandford, jr., whotis serv-
ing as chairman of the conference,
declared, in his opening statement,
that Our goal should be the start :
ing of at least 100000 new houses
in 1946-and more than that if it is
humanity possible yin the housing
industry's first peacetime produce
ton year."
He read a letter from Mr.. Snyder,
who stressed to the group that a
large proportion of homes to be
built next year should be offered
for sale or rent well under" the
$4,000 limit proposed by his agency
and indorsed by President Truman.
This point was elaborated on by
Coleman Woodbury., assistant hous-
ing administrator, who estimated
that better than IS per cent OF, the
demand for new homes next year
(See HOUSING. Page A-140
Evening star., 1945-12-17
BY the Associated Press.

Mindful of atomic age possibil-
tiles the United States and Can
ada are beginning to work out
Joint plans to defend North
America against any attack from
Asia or Europe across the North
Polar regions.
Disclosing this today, Allied dip
lomatic officials said one of the first
specific steps taken by this country
was the assignment of six observers
to accompany a Canadian Army ex-
pedition on an 81-day Arctic explo-
ration trip.
Assigned the task of gathering
military and scientific information,
this expedition has been designated
officially Exercise Musk OK" by the
Canadian government. It will cover
3,100 miles through territory which
heretofore has been considered an
impenetrable barrier against attack.
Now, diplomats say, the wasteland
Evening star., 1945-12-17
Bridge Rommed by Ship
Fulls Into Boston Hurbor
BY the Associated Press.

BY TIE Associated Press.
BOSTON, Dec. 1.-THE freighter
John Hathorn, laden with 10000
tons of grain, rammed the High
Bridge in Charleston with such force
today that section of the structure
fell into the harbor and the bridge
was put out of commission.
All traffic over the bridge, in
cluding the passage of Boston ele-
rated railway trains, was halted
indefinitely.
Evening star., 1945-12-17
ATC Reported Ready
To Fly Chinese 10
Mukden and Harbin
C-54s Slated to Garry
50 Men Apiece os Soon
As Fields Are in Shape
By the Associated Press.

PEIPING, Dec. 1.-THE Ameri-
can Army's world-girdling Air
Transport Command will fly Chi
nese Central Government troops
to the Manchurian cities of Muk-
den and Harbin, it was reported
yesterday by authoritative Amer
lean sources.
The transport operation, involving
C-54 transport planes each capable
Of carrying so or more fully equipped
infantrymen, was reported scheduled
to begin within the next two weeks
This Is one of the points previ-
ously learned to be under negotia-
tion between Russian and Chinese
authorities in Changchun, the Man
churian capital.
(There has been speculation in
China recently that American
planes would be used, but this
was the first indication that an
agreement had been reached)
Fields Are Problem.
1t was understood that the opera
ton will not begin until advance
preparations are made for handling
the huge planes on the Mukden and
Harbin Air Fields.
Up to now. the Chinese Air Force
and the Chinese National Always
Corp. were expected to shoulder the
full weight of the air lift to Man
churia and there were misgivings
that this would provide insufficient
planes to accomplish the mission
quickly.
In the last few days an increasing
number of administrators have been
flown north to take over Manchuria
for the National government.
There is need for speed because
soon the heavy winter of Manchuria
will begin curtailing flights. The
temperature dropped to IA below
zero at Changchun after snow
storm three days ago.
Evening star., 1945-12-17
Bio Three Ministers
Expected 10 Take Up
Vital Questions Today
Atmosphere Of CordioIity
Aided by Preliminary
Session Lost Night
ny the Associated PrsSs.


MOSCOW, Dec. Tin an at
mosphere of cordiality enhanced
by an informal preliminary
meeting last night the foreign
ministers of the Soviet Union,
the United States and Britain
turned today to the serious busi-
ness of bringing their countries
closer together in the interests
of world peace.
A British Embassy spokesman
said the foreign ministers would
meet for the second time this aft
ernoon and observers expected they
would embark at once on discus
sion of the momentous issues which
had brought them together, in
cluding the. vital question of inter-
national control of atomic energy.
Today's session was scheduled to
begin at 4 pm. % am. E. S. To.
Molotov Presides.
Their first meeting last night took
place in brilliantly lighted Speri-
donifka Palace. the resplendent
green stone building where t. E So
Wet Union usually stages important
diplomatic conferences, and lasted
about two and one-half hours.
Soviet Foreign Commissar WA
cheslav Molotov, as the host, pre-
sided over the proceedings, his first
joint meeting with Secretary of
State. Byrnes and British For
eign Secretary Ernest Bevin since
the unsuccessful conferences of the
Foreign Ministers Council in Lon
don last September.
American Ambassador w. Averell
Hartman and British Ambassador
Sir Archibald Clark Kerr, as well
as other members of the American
and British delegations, were pres
ent.
The terse official announcement
OF the initial meeting gave no de-
tails, but an atmosphere Of good
feeling and friendly cooperation
was apparent. Molotov was de-
scribed as warmly cordial and hos
pitable.
It was presumed that the con-
ferees limited their talk to a dis
cussion Of procedural routine per
haps touching on the hours for
future conferences and what mat
tiers should be taken up first.
Photographer in Palace.
There was no indication when
the foreign ministers would take
up the question Of control Of atomic
energy. The only reference to the
matter came last night from Mr.
Bevin when he told press confer
ence that he did not expect to de-
viate from the decisions reached by
British, American and Canadian
leaders at washington last month
The only American press repre-.
sentative permitted to enter Speri.
donifka Palace while the foreign
ministers were there was Emf
Reynolds, representative OF thu
Americans news picture pool, who
said the three statesmen were ir
excellent humor as they posed fol
pictures.
Mr.. Reynolds, who came from
Nuremberg to cover the meeting, wa,
not permitted to enter the confer.
ence room, but was allowed to pho.
lsee BIG THREE, Page A-3J
Evening star., 1945-12-17
Late Bulletin
Transport Crash Reported

LONDON (P.-The British
Press Association said a large
four-engined airplane was be-
lieved to have crashed into
the sea tonight off England's
southeast coast. Green dis
tress flares and rockets were
sighted 8 to 10 miles southeast
of Deal after a plane circled
low over the area, the news
agency said.
Senate Takes Up Pay Bill
The Senate this afternoon
took up the Federal pay bill
after Senator Downey, Demo-
crat, of California, sponsor Of
the bill. refused to yield the
floor on matters of other leg
islation. Senator Downey
charged that the pay measure
had been kicked around long
enough" by the Senate and
said he was determined to
press for action on the meas
ure this week.
Earlier Story on Page A-4.l
Evening star., 1945-12-17

(See NUREMBERG, Page Aid
Evening star., 1945-12-17

tSee McVAY, Page A-5D
Evening star., 1945-12-17

(See LABOR, Page A-2.)
Evening star., 1945-12-17

(See CHINA, Page A-5.)
Evening star., 1945-12-17

See PEARL HARBOR, Page Ala!
Evening star., 1945-12-17

(See AUTO WORKERS, Page A.
Evening star., 1945-12-17

(See ATOMIC, Page Az.
Evening star., 1945-12-17

(See WEATHER, Page A-3.) !.
Evening star., 1945-12-17
Guide for Rea d ers

An Associated Press Newspaper
Evening star., 1945-12-17

See HOUSING, Page A-14.)