davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-01-30
tuberculosis Clinic
Set for Upper Marlboro

A tuberculosis clinic will be held
Friday at Upper Marlboro, the
Maryland tuberculosis Association
announced yesterday.
Other clinics scheduled for the
Washington area include Hyatts-
vile, February 9 and 16; La Plata,
February 8, and Laurel, February %.
Evening star., 1945-01-30

The principal of a high school
with six to nine teachers would re-
ceive an additional 5000 a year and
II there are 10 or more teachers,
$400 a year extra. A teacher or
principal holding a provisional cer-
tiflcate would get 5000 a year less
than that Of a teacher holding reg
ular certificate for the same grade.
Evening star., 1945-01-30
Teachers Without Degee.

Teachers With Degrees.
Evening star., 1945-12-01
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

How far can the United Nations Or,
ganization, about to be born in London.
discourage secret diplomacy, and secret
treaties and understandings entered
into unilaterally? If it can accom-
plish such healthy condition for the
world 1t will have gone long way to-
ward promoting peace. The world is
full OF secret diplomacy today.
The late Woodrow Wilson declared in
favor of open covenants, openly ar
rived at" He could not take the rest
of the world along with him in that
demand. Secret diplomacy rapidly be-
came the order of the day after the
First World War.
1t is rampant again after World
War II. No one seems to be able to do
anything about it.. Loud cries arise that
the United States has no foreign policy.
Obviously with State Department and
our, diplomatic representatives working
365i dRyssa year. this Government must
have foreign policies The trouble is
that the American people are not fully
informed, or the demands for statement
of policy would not be made.
No more revealing picture of diplo-
macy at work-secretly as far as the
people are concerned-has ever been
had than that which is developing in
the Pearl Harbor investigation. Had
the American people been informed
fully regarding the foreign policy course
of our own Government in 1940-partic-
ularly in the Far East-they would not
have been taken by surprise by the Jap
attack on Pearl Harbor. Full knowledge
might not have prevented war, but it
would have changed the attitude of the
people, given an impetus to national
defense, and united Americans in sup
port of the strongest measures. This
country was not ready for war when it
came-and it might have been.
Hush, hush has been the rule of di-
plomacy and diplomats from the early
days. They have been the ''fxers" in
international relations But all their
fixing has not prevented disastrous wars.
The complaints today, in this country,
are that the United States Government
has sought to "appease" Russia and, to
less extents Great Britain, instead of
making fortnight demands that prin-
ciples Of justice and fair dealing govern
Evening star., 1945-12-01

in the postwar world. But, does any one
know just what messages have been con-
veyed to the Soviet government, or how
strongly worded, through our State De-
partment? Or to the British?
This country wants peace-and so
presumably do the Russians and the
British. Yet dissensions are rife today,
with Russia consolidating its control OF
Eastern Europe and apparently moving
into the Asiatic area in big way, and
into the Middle East. There seems no
other way to bring all the issues to a
head than to hold as quickly as possible
a general peace conference, with all
the cards laid on the table. Then, and
then only, will the people in this coun-
try, in England and to some degree in
Russia get clear picture Of what the
postwar world is to be, If the great pow
ers have their way. sI5 RsH 20 &
= + tssus etr Tsa.
1t has been contended again and again
that peace in the world can be main
tanned only If the Big Three can get
along together. Yet seeds Of war, and
war itself, are sprouttng in many Of the
smaller countries today. China is in q
fair way TO be dismembered again and
democracy in that great country to be
set back many years. If force is to rule
the world, as it has in the past, then
it's time the whole world knew it.
Unless better spirit can be devel-
oped. the chances for peace are remote
in the coming years. There is, unfortu-
nately, a wild scramble for power in
stead OF for peace. The United Nations
offers the greatest and best chance for
an improvement in international rela-
tions.
If any lesson was learned at the San
Francisco Conference last spring. it was
that in a give-and-take discussion at
the conference table, representatives of
many nations, including the most pow
erful, can reach agreement Many times
during that conference prediction was
made it would fail. 1t did not fail-and
charter was written that holds much
promise for the world. The sooner it
is put into operation the better.
Ambitions clashed at the conference
table in San Francisco. But, in the
main. good feeling prevailed-and it
was not because of secret diplomacy, but
OF frank statements
Evening star., 1945-12-01

the right freely to decide their own
destiny. That right has obviously
been denied them. Yugoslavia is to-
day in the grip Of totalitarian die
tatorship as absolute as any that
exists anywhere on earth. The re-
cent elections" though technically
unobstructed, were preceded and ac-
companied by such intimidation and
terrorism that the opposition dared
make no campaign or nominate
candidates Of their own. Further
more, armed resistance continues in
Serbia and Bosnia on a considerable
scale, with militant unrest in other
sections Of the country despite con-
centration camps and mass execu-
tions. Whether or not the western
powers decide automatically to rec
ognize accomplished facts" the
future OF Tito's peoples republic"
promises to be a stormy one.
Evening star., 1945-12-01

the guarantors Of Trans sovereignty and
territorial integrity.
The Russian government now has an
nounced that In the event the Teheran
government decides to send forces to
! suppress the rebellion the already strong
Red Army In that area will be further
reinforced. Commissar Molotov has as
sumed the attitude that the separatist
movement Is an expression Of the down.
trodden Iranian democracy and should
not be interfered with from outside.
The fact that there are definite proofs
that it is being sponsored at least by the
local Russian officials in Azerbaijan is
being ignored" by the Soviet govern
ment.
Similar democratic movements" have
occurred in Poland, Yugoslavia and in
the other satellite states of the u. S. S.
r. The western democracies have had
their hands tied by noninterference
policy. Although they were aware that
only minority, supported by the Rus
sian bayonets, imposed its will on a
helpless majority which was cowed by
terroristic methods, America and Britain
confined their intervention to sending
notes which were utterly disregarded.
Neither Washington nor London dared
interfere more effectively for fear Rus
sia might take offense and thus further
imperil the delicate relations among the
Big Three.
The hopes expressed by President
Truman that the future relations among
the United Nations will be satisfactorily
settled as soon as the UNO begins to
function are considered by realistic
observers as being pious wishes.
At the preliminary meetings of mem
bers Of this organization in London
yesterday, it was suggested that the ALL
important Security Council be author
lied to make only single copies OF Its
private meetings available to the IL
members of that council
When the representatives of the
smaller nations protested that this
means another attempt to establish
secret diplomacy in its worst form. the
British delegate replied that this was
necessary In order to "cover matters of
great delicacy which the Security Coun-
Gil discussed"
Thus, even before the UNO has begun
to function, attempts are being made to
adopt hush-hush policy and to pre-
vent the other members of that inter-
national organization from knowing
what decisions are being made behind
closed doors
Evening star., 1945-12-01
Tito's Peoples Republic

The expected has happened. The
delegates recently elected" in Yugo-
slavia to body which was to be
simultaneously constituent and leg
islative assembly have unanimously
approved a proclamation read by
Marshal Tito declaring Yugoslavia a
federal peoples republic" abolish
ing the monarchy and decreeing
King Peter II, together with the en-
tire Karageorgevitch dynasty. ode
prived OF all rights vested in him and
his dynasty"
From his place of exile in London,
King Peter has issued a statement
charging that this decision repre-
sents "a series OF acts by Marshal
Tito which have had the effect of
removing such a decision from the
hands of the people themselves and
placing it entirely within his own
and those of the national 'front.'"
The King then points out that this
is fragrant violation of the Tito
Subasitch agreement, concluded
under the auspices and guarantees
of the great Allies" providing for a
plebiscite on the future constitu-
tional status of Yugoslavia. arrived
at by free and democratic elections,
as provided for under the Yalta
agreement. The King points out
that DR.. Subasitch and other mem
bers Of that original coalition gov
ernment have resigned in protest,
but "the Tito government simply
trampled down all their obligations,
destroyed the agreement and organ
lied q totalitarian form of govern
ment. in most striking contrast to
the ideals OF the United Nations, the
Yalta resolutions, and the promises
they themselves had made" The
Kings statement ends by saying
that he will do his best to "liberate
Yugoslavia from tyranny, no matter
whence it comes"
There can be no reasonable doubt
that King Peters statement is SUBJ
stantially correct. For the outside
world, the issue is not whether or
not the monarchy should be re-
established, but whether the Yugo-
slav people as whole should have
Evening star., 1945-12-01
Foteful Delay

One OF the questions Whlcn taxes
on added Importance as the Pearl
Harbor hearings proceed is why
there was such a fateful delay in
DECIDING intercepted Japanese mes
sages which, only few days prior to
the Pearl Harbor attack, gave Tokyo
laSt-minute information for its car
rier task force. One of these mes
sages, dispatched from Honolulu to
Tokyo on December 3, 194l, but not
decoded until some days after the
disaster to our fleet, was the plaineSt
sort of tip-off as to japanese inten-
tions. There are no signs of bar
rage balloon equipment" the agent
reported. II imagine that in all
probability there is considerable op-
portunity left to take advantage for
a surprise attack against these
places" Two days later Tokyo was
advised that eight battleships, three
light cruisers and sixteen destroyers
we're in Pearl Harbor and on the day
before the attack the agent cor
rected the battleship figure to nine
and advised Tokyo that "the heavy
cruisers and airplane carriers have
all left"
Major General Miles, former chief
of Army intelligence, told the con-
gressional investigating committee
that none of the highly informative
dispatches was decoded until it was
too late. Questioned by members of
the committee as to the reason for
the delay, the witness testified that
the messages were being intercepted
in such numbers that available COM
munications and code personnel
could not keep up with the traffic.
On further questioning, he said he
could not recall having taken any
steps to expedite the translations.
Yet the same witness informed the
committee that the War Department
attached the greatest Importance to
the "intercepts"-so great that only
a small circle of high officials knew
of them. The chief reason for this
exclusiveness, of course, was theme
cessity for preventing the Japs from
learning that we had broken their
code. But the potential significance
of theunfolding record of dispatches
must have become increasingly ap-
parent as the diplomatic situation
deteriorated in the final days and
hours before the enemy struck. No
move seems to have been made,
however, to speed up translation of
the accumulating messages, some of
which, it was learned too late, re-
ferred to surprise attack by air.
This is phase of the Pearl Harbor
mystery which the committee well
might explore even further.
Evening star., 1945-12-01
This Changing World
BY Constantine Broicn

President Truman's statement that
further meetings OF the Big Three are
no longer necessary since the United
Nations Organization will soon become
active and take care of the problems
which In the past had been settled
at these three-cornered conferences
may have been Influenced by the possi-
bility that Premier Stain may not be
physically able to attend to any kind
of public affairs for long time.
The supposition that Stain is totally
inactive is based mainly on conjecture.
For instance the Russian press, which
is the best weathercock for foreign OBJ
servers, seldom mentions the Premier's
name. When 1t does, it talks about him
with the same awe as it mentions Lenin.
Moreover, there is symptomatic
build-up for Foreign Commissar Molo-
tov. In news stories and In editorials
the Russian government-con
newspapers are making an obvious effort
to bring out the foreign commissar's
great qualities Of leadership, wisdom
and popularity.
In the past, Molotov had a far less
prominent place in the propaganda ma
chine OF the Soviet government. This
new approach, together with the fact
that dispatches passed by Moscow
state on the authority of well informed
foreign diplomats" that Stain Is in very
good health but has decided to continue
his rest cure, lead to the conjecture
that the Premiers active part in the
affairs Of his country has ended.
This may be responsible for Russias
present policies in the Middle East.
Up to now there has been noereply to
the note sent by Secretary Of State
Byrnes regarding Russias role in the
affairs of Northern Iran and the blast
OF the Russian press against the i'm
perialistic tendencies" of the United
States.
The fact that Mr.. Byrnes on Tuesday
replied to the report of Tass, Russian
official press agency, that we have not
sought any privileges in Iran has not
been printed in the Soviet newspapers.
Tass followed the old pattern of throw
ing out an office made" story as a
cover-up to justify the breach Of the
Teheran pledges to which Stain had
been co-signer.
Although there are irrefntable proofs
that the Russian Army is assisting the
"separatist' movement in Northern
Iran, the Soviet government does not
regard this as a matter of concern for
Evening star., 1945-12-01
1t Should Be Open

Major General Patrick J. Hurley
is fully justified in insisting on
public hearing before any congress
sional committee which undertakes
an investigation of his recent
charges against certain career dip
lomats In the State Department,
and it is difficult to see why Chair
man Connally of the Senate Foreign
Relations Committee should hold
contrary view.
The State Department has
penchant for secrecy, and no one
doubts that there are certain of it's
operations which cannot be con-
Quoted in the open. But there is
equally little doubt that secrecy
often serves to cover up errors in
policy and implementation which
might have been avoided if exposed
to the corrective influence of an
informed public opinion.
AS General Hurley pointed out in
his statement earlier this week, the
end of the war has substantially
eliminated the need for secrecy as
to this Governments aims and un-
dertakings in China. He has made
the formal charge that our declared
national policy with respect to China
is being subverted by subordinates
in the State Department. That is
either true or untrue, and the truth
should not be covered up in a closed
hearing or distorted by the kind of
information that leaks out of a
closed hearing. If our foreign policy,
instead of conforming to publicly
proclaimed principles, is being COW
ertly misdirected into channels
which will lead to another war, as
General Hurley contends. the Amer
lean people ultimately will be called
upon to shoulder the burdens of that
new war. And consequently they
have every right to insist upon a full
disclosure of the truth at this time
disclosure that can come only
through a public airing OF the
accusations which have been made
by the former Ambassador to China
Evening star., 1945-12-01
A Word to Veterans
By Maj. George Fieldine Eliot

II I could write a letter to every re-
turning serviceman, this is what would
say:
Dear veteran: There is a problem
which many of you are now considering
and which all of you will in due course
have to consider. Each of you will have
to ask himself or herself this question:
What veterans organization, if any,
shall join?
Perhaps I can be of a little help to
you on this point. While your job has
been to fight this war, mine has been
to sit here in New York and write about
the war and related subjects. In SO
doing have had to keep in touch. with
what goes on in this country, to form
some idea as to what people are think
ing and hoping for, and some idea as
to the nature Of the forces and special
interests which will now be contending
for your organized support.
First Of all you must decide if you are
going to join any veterans organization
at all. Experience suggests that the
majority of you will decide to do so.
! think this is the way it should be. The
next question you'll ask is: Shall join
one of the old-established organizations
which were started after the last war
or shall join a new organization COM
posed of veterans of this war?
4
There are two major old-time organi-
cations, the American Legion and the
Veterans of Foreign Wars. The chief
difference in the character of their men,
bership is that the Legion takes in all
veterans, the " F. w. takes In only those
who have served outside the United
States. Both these outfits have done
splendid work, both are well established,
well organized and active, with posts all
over the country. These facts give them
considerable advantages over any new
organization.
But I would offer one suggestion, II
you do join post of one Of these old
timers, you should Immediately start to
talk right up in meeting. You should not
allow your interests to be represented by
people Of my generation. the generation
which fought the last war. The charge
has been made against both the Legion
and the v F. w. that they are too con-
servative, even that they are reactionary.
Insofar rs these charges are justified,
1t is because the veterans Of the last
war are now men over SO for the most
part who have lost the resiliency and
fire and courage OF youth. Men Of that
age tend to look backward on what
sreat guys they used to Be. not forward
Evening star., 1945-12-01
Rain

Rumble your thunder. heaven, the holly
hooks
Are dead; the bee and butterfly are
gone.
IN helds phere once the lnptn bloomed. = =
gray rocks
And stubble stand; October doses on.
So. heGUen, brdC; throtD dotpn your
suGstetul rain, ~
TO splash IN dust trhers ntarigolds,
hare died. n,
Shout of your potOer. though you shouts
In U1in;
Let your deep Doice repedl an empty1a
pride. ~
Your ,Dald ,odyn rain = beating tatto-oa
4 last good-by to al these turninDs
le0UeS, and
Pour baele 0tsds their taps. phile you
renetD sT
Yoar boast repeated n these shiperingo
hui al this talk and ali this shou o.
potDef -
Bsgsts 10 silent srowing Of foDsr. 4
y CULLEN JONES.
Evening star., 1945-12-01

to what they mean to be. So il YOU
60 into the Legion or the v. F. W.,
or both In great numbers, take over, give
those old outfits new slant on life &C.
cording to your own hopes and feelings
and needs.
But maybe you will prefer to join q
brand-new organization composed of
World War II veterans only. There
are number OF such organizations now
putting up little tender hopeful sprouts
around and about. None of them is as
yet very strong. One or more of them
may become so If enough of you get
into it to make it so.
But watch your step. Don't let your
self be used. Plenty of people have
plans to use you. just one example of
what mean: There is a considerable
danger that really reactionary people in
this country may seek to capitalize on
your youth and inexperience, plus your
annoyance with some of the wartime
strikes that took place in this country
while you were away, to get you into
some new veterans organization whose
underlying purpose will be to fight the
labor unions. This is an idea that is
already being batted around by some
people-not all, by any means-in big
business circles. It is bad idea, one
with which you should have nothing
to do
Mind you, don't say the .,artime
strikes were justified. Many of them
were not. And there are bad men,
crooked men and selfish men among our
labor leaders, just as there are among
our industrialists
- 49,
The right of the working man to
organize for his own protection against
injustice and exploitation should never
be brought into question. I can assure
you that there are some In high places
In the industrial commercial and
financial world who are saying: 'sNow
is the time to smaSh the unions.
The veterans will do that little lob for
u.s." Don't let yourself be used for any
such purpose: II will not be to your
.own interest or to the interest Of your.
country
So II you decide to join one, Of the
new veterans outfits, look it over very
carefully Find out who Is running 1t,
and what they stand for. See that It's
statement Of principles puts the United
States first, the legitimate rights Af
veterans second, and Ill other special
interests nowhere at all.
tocpyrisht le4sl
Evening star., 1945-12-01
Strike to End Strikes
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
How long are we, the people, going
to allow ourselves to be cowed and
dismayed by these squabbles between
labor and industry? This strike nui-
sance has gone about far enough. In my
opinion, it no longer is industry against
labor or labor against industry-it is
labor and industry against the people.
They both intend that in the long run
it will be the people (you and u who
foot the bill for all this sorry mess.
Suppose we put on little pressure of
our own: What would happen if all
10000, 900 Of us simply put on strike
to end all strikes? Suppose we said:
mo cars until 1s47?" Suppose all
10000, 900 Of us wrote to our Congress-
man insisting that no price raise be
allowed: That really would be pressure!
It is my belief that almost overnight
that labor and industry would find
that they could settle their differences
and get back to work.
We have shown the world what this
Nation can do when we, the people, pull
together. Are we going to stand help
lessly by and let this senseless domestic
squabble sabotage that great accom-
plishment?
Now is the time to prove that "the
pen is mightier than the sword" How?
Join the strike to end all strikes.
Pledge: No car until 1947. Write to
your Congressman.
ELSIE M. THOMPSON.
P.S.-Of course, we know that when
we had put on enough pressure to bring
labor and industry to their senses we
really could have that lS47 car after
all. Shush, don't tell them that.