davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1945-07-19
MEMORY OF NOTED
COUNTRY DOCTOR FLOATS IN

In the newspaper printed memoirs
OF the late Dir. Americas Enfield of
Bedford, Pa, once of Cumberland, are
found many interesting narratives of
local tingc. Dir. Enfield was a Union
soldier, wounded at Gettysburg, and a
leading Pennsylvania Democrat, who
was as well known in Western Mary
land as Southern PENNSYLVANIA. If for
nothing else he would be remembered
for his commanding presence with
dundrearys. Woodrow Wilson APP
pointed him postmaster of Bedford
His experience as a country doctor
may be called rare. DR.. Enfield read
medicine in the office of Dr. George
Is. Fundenburg, an eX-almy surgeon in
Cumberland.
After graduation from Bellevue
Medical College, New York. he first
located in Cumberland as assistant to
his preceptor. DR.. Fundenburg. and
later at Flintstone, Md. where an cpl
dcmic of typho7malarial fever pre-
vailed. In 1850 he moved to Clcarvillc,
Bedford county, and built his first
house and office and large store, later
occupied by Grubb and Wenncr
The following CLEANED from his
memoirs tell Of unusual experiences
as a country doctor:
GAS to the citizens of Clearvillc and
surrounding territory, they all en-
braccd me with the greatest hospi-
tality, with the kindcst feelings and
best wishes, and the years | spent
there in general practice linger with
their children and grandchildren to the
present time. They not only showed
their friendship to me as a physician
but when | was nominated for Sheriff
that section of the country gave me
an unusual majority, regardless of
party. The Weimers. F'letchers, Lay
many others that might name al
ways had a kind word of greeting
when they met me, whether as ply
stefan or citizen. There being no ply
stefan south of Everett, my practice
extended into East Providence, West
Providence, Monroe, Southampton and
Mann townships and many days and
nights | traversed these sections,
whether on horseback or buggy, and
have been called back many times to
see some of my early patients. some
very few of whom are still living. For
their great kindness and general hos
pitality, no section Of the country with
which | have ever been identified eX-
ceeded their great and splendid hos
ptality.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1945-07-19
SCRAPPER TENDENCIES
REFLECTED IN BOER WAR

On the other hand the Brethren
were good, scrappy fighters once they
were aroused. as bcfittcd descendants
of hardy Switzcrs, Alsatians and
Huguenots While some carried paci-
fism to extremes, others kept rifles
| in their homes and could bark" squir-
rels as we'll as any kccncycd, red
| headed Ulster Scot. These mountain
| Dunkards We're gifted with magnifi-
cent cycsight and their sharp, black
| eyes had surprising range and power.
+! For the most part they were tall. lean
| and muscular in appearance like the
sturdy Beers of South Africa, whose
rifles kept the British army corps at
bay for nearly three years, lS99l902,
and earlier at Majuba Hill in 1881,
, licked the Britishcrs completely.
These Beers were partly Dutch,
partly Hugucnot, with some German
! blood and constituted about the same
racial "hodgcpodgc" as our present
day Pennsylvania Dutch, called care
lcssly by some Pennsylvania Ger
mans" The Dunkards bred remark
able true to typc-black hair and dark
eyes were the rule, the features flaw
, less. the carriage elegant and the wo-
men of degree of beauty almost un-
equalled. Kentucky horsc-breeders
turn out an equine race called thor
/ oughbreds" which are beautiful to be-
J hold, but the human thoroughbred, as
excmplificd by the Brethren was the
finest product of man-controlled ma
,, ture. Naturally these mountain thor
oughbrcds were brave 1t was no cow
ardice to stand up and be shot while
shrickng wives and children were be-
ing carried off before their dying eyes
by half-crazed, evil-faced redskins.
1t was a supreme sacrifice to prin-
ciples Could many do half as well?
1t has been noted by Theodore Roose-
welt and other historians that the
Pennsylvania sectarians never dcvel-
t oped military leader Of the first
magnitude. At first glance this state
ment may seem incontrovertiblc. Yet
! the ancestral trees of most great
/ Pennsylvania soldiers and sailors have
only been imperfectly studied. One
does not know if Brethren blood flows
in the veins of such great leaders as
I Custer, Reynolds, NeGIcy. Hcintzlman,
Rosencrans, Hokc, Clingman. Zollicof-
! fer. Goblin, Pcrshing, Seibert. Newton
Diehl Baker or Admiral Farragu
whose mother was Of Pennsylvania
! Dutch origin. Yet marriages outside
of the sects were rare, especially IN
Colonial times. and took courage. vet
the menfolk were not wanting in cour-
, age.
One of the writer's Indian friends
remarked to him the other day; "Your
folk festivals are all right, but they
give too much prominence to the new
conner in Pennsylvania and not enough
to those who wore here before the
Revolution"
The point is we'll taken, but the
folklore of recent foreign origin is
better preserved and easier to garner.
However. it emphasizes only too well
how really little we know of our Co.
lonial forbears and the part each ac-
tually performed years ago.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1945-07-19
DUNK ARDS NOT ADV ERSE
TO FIGHTING, HISTORY SHOWS

It is not common knowledge that
the ancestors of the Dunkards of
Somerset county. Pennsylvania, and
Garrett county, Maryland, knew some
thing about "scrappinG." Their love of
pcace has never been better portrayed
bv any sect or clan, yet it will no
doubt surprise some to know, that the
sturdy forbcars Of these people, who
frequently visit Cumberland, did not
fail in emergencies Dunkard riflemen,
on the firing line, are said to have
given a good account of themselves
at Fort Bedford.
From Juniata College, Huntington,
comes a letter from an Altoona Crib
une" reader which says:
81 have been studying your column
of historic events and think the fol-
lowing, quoted from Sherman Days
"Historical Collections" published in
1913 will be of interest to you. He
saws: During the memorable invasion
bv Chief Pontiac in 1863, the little
Dunkard garrison at Stoystown was
called in to strengthen the garrison
AT Fort Bedford. This article speaks
clearly of Dunkards bearing arms anC
| would like to know more about it"
The general conception OF Dunkard'
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1945-07-19

Branch and Patterson Creek, the lat
ter being surveyed in 1871. 1t was en-
gineer Joseph Nevill who represented
the State of Virginia in the compile
ton of the Mason-Dixon Line in 1874,
after those engineers failed to COM
plete the line because of trouble with
the Indians on Dunkard Creek in what
is now Greene county, Pennsylvania.
June 4, 1866, at 1853 miles. 81
chains, the surveying party arrived at
the summit of Little Allegheny Noun
tain, the present division line of Bed
ford and Somerset counties, London
derry township on the east and South
ampton township on the west. June s.
the surveyors crossed the North
Branch of Jennings Run, at 1865 miles,
homes of B. Frank Getz and w. w.
Witt, within the borough of Wellers-
burg. June 9, at l65 miles. "a chains.
SO links, or 1922 feet and few in
ches (less than 3-5 of mile) to the
west of the North Branch of Jennings
Run, Mason and Dixon discontinued
surveying on the line westward. They
had previously been instructed only to
survey ito the foot ION the east sidc)
of Savage Mountain, the Second Ridge
of the Allegheny Mountains"
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1945-07-19

half to four yards in diameter at bot
tom. from six to seven feet and one
half in height were placed. November
5, 1867, Hugh Crawford with the In
dians, except a few to erect marks
along the line, left in order to return
home. This leave taking was at 1919
miles, 63 chains, 6S links John Green.
a Chief of the Mohawk Nation was
with the surveying party for a time.
This leave taking of Crawford and
certain Indians occurred at about
where the corner stone of three states
is now located. Pennsylvania, Mary
land and West Virginia, in the vicin-
ity of Marklcysburg, Fayctte county,
Pennsylvania. Mason and Dixon were
employed from December |, 1868, and
on January 20, 1868, made their final
report"
The unfinished part of Mason and
DiXon's line was not completed until
1884. The surveyors were Alexander
Mclean, of York county, Pa, who
represented Pennsylvania, and Joseph
Nevill, of Youghiogheny county, Nir-
ginia, who represented Virginia. JOS
eph Nevill was at the time Surveyor
General of the State of Virginia
Mason and DiXon's line is nearly
270 miles long The lines lie at 80 de-
grees, AZ minutes and 26.3 seconds
Latitude North. 1t was famous for a
long period of years as the limit be-
tween the free" and "slave' states,
the dividing line between the North
and the South
1t is crossed by persons going north
on u S. 22O, about five miles from
this city.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1945-07-19

in the Upper Juniata Valley at least
is of pcace-loving, gentle souls who
carried out the principle of non-resis-
tance further than any has done since
Bible times. Everyone is familiar with
the stories given US by historian W.
H. Gardner, and other historical wri-
tiers, of old Jacob Nave, or Neff, the
miller at Neff's Mills, now called
Roaring Spring, who was eX-communi-
Gated and ostracized by the Brethren
for shooting two Indians who at
tempted to burn his mill and the
Dunkards who stood with folded arms
to be shot down and scalped by the red
rascals, rather than show resistance.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1945-07-19
EVANSVILLE

Miss Lucy Brenneman, who has
been visiting her parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. f. S. Brennemsr, Bittinger, has
gone to Washington, D. c., to visit
friends
Mrs. Herbert Soldiers, Red House
was a guest of Mrs. Eva B. Beachy
last week enroute to her home from
Pittsburgh.
Charles l. Bevans, Washington, D.
c., is spending this week with his wife
and daughter at the home of Mrs.
Bevans' parents, Mr.. and Mrs. E. S.
Brenneman, Bittinger, and Mr.. and
Mrs Marshall Beachy, Grantsvlle
Irwin Shumaker and daughter, Miss
Daisy Shumaker, are spending a few
days with his son, Mr.. and Mrs Ralph
Shumaker and family at Wilmerding,
Pa.
Sarah Roberta Getty. Somerset, Pa,
is guest of Mr.. and Mrs. C. S. Zeller.
Mr. and Mrs. Forrest Beachy and
son, Neil, have returned to their home
in Akron, Ohio, after visiting his
brother and sister-in-law, Mr.. and
Mrs. Lee Beachy Miss Joyce Beachy
returned with them for a visit.
Nh. and Mrs. Nevia Miller and son.
Dickie, Mrs Miller's father, C. C.
Wissman, spent Sunday with Mr. and
Mrs. Francis Drumm and daughter,
Cumberland.
J. L. Mcssersmith, of Hagerstown,
spent the weekend with his sister and
family, Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph Liven-
good.
Mrs. Rosina Folk and daughter,
Miss Clara Folk. Baltimore. spent the
weekend with Mrs. Folks son-m-law
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1945-07-19

Because confectioner's sugar con-
tains a small amount of cornstarch,
it tends to make clear beverages, like
tea, coffee, or fruit punch, cloudy, but
is not noticeable in milk drinks. In
beverages, the flavor of brown sugar
is likely to be too strong for most
peoples taste. 1t can be used with
chocolate Favored drinks.
When brown sugar is used in cakes,
it is advisable to use a recipe especi-
ally planned for it, because sugar
greatly influences cake texture Chloe
olate, spice, and fruit cakes are par
ticularly we'll adapted to use Of brown
sugar. Since texture of cookies de-
peuds more on amount Of sugar than
kind, either brown on confcctloncr'
sugar may be substituted for granu-
lated in the same proportions.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1945-07-19
graduated sugar:

graduated sugar;
One pound of graduated sugar
measures 215 cups; brown, 224 cups;
and confectioners (xxXxD , , 3 cups.
In the quantities used in most recipes,
however, these weight differences are
not Of great Importance.
Either brown or confectioners sugar
may be used measure for measure
for granuIated sugar in puddings. pie
filings, and baked custards. With
brown sugar the flavor will be deli
cate caramel and color somewhat
darker. Since brown sugar custardS
have a tendency to curdle, baking at
low temperature is Important
For plain or fruit Favored ice
creams, powdered sugar may be used;
and for chocolate, mocha, or butter
scotch, brown sugar is satisfactory.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1945-07-19
INDIANS WERE ENCAMPED
NEAR MOUNT SAVAGE

at is evident that Mason and Dixon
considered this that particular place.
The story that the surveyors were
threatened by the Indians here and
dared proceed no further is not sub
stantiated by any such reference in
notes made by Mason and Dixon in
the several days they spent at this
location. However, it is a we'll cstab-
lished fact that a band of Indians, in
carly times, were encampcd on the
Great Flat between Wellcrsburg and
Mount Savage, and this probably &C
counts for the legend of Indian inter-
ference. There is an ancient burial
ground on the Troutman farm in the
middleWeSt section OF the Southamp-
ton township. Indian Chief Will was
buried on Wills Mountain. These ref
CrcnceS show the proximity of Indians.
Here on June Is, 1906, the survey
ing party set post Is inches square
three feet in the ground and five feet
out of the ground. On the same day
they started back on the line to the
place of beginning northeast corner
of the Province of Maryland.
No particular comment further is
made by Mason and Dixon regarding
location or the happenings here on
June 18th and the few preceding days,
except that they were buSily engaged
making calculations and recording the
positions of the stars in the heavens
The curvature of the earth in so long
a distance, made the surveying unuSu-
ally difficult for prcciscness. No sur
veyors could be more particular than
were Mason and Dixon. They were
sworn to make true and correct sur
vey. All of their assistants and help
were sworn also.
''By the instruction of the consti-
tuted authorities, it was more than a
year later, July l3, 1867, before Mason
and Dixon continued the survey of the
line where they left off at the foot of
Savage Mountain which they refer to
as the great dividing Ridge Of the
Allegheny Mountain, the dividing of
the waters of the Potomac and Ohio
rivers" At this point they record 1853
miles, 10 chains from the northeast
corner of Maryland, heretofore men
toned.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1945-07-19

, and daughter, Mr.. and Mrs, Allen
Baker and sons, who live west Of
Grantsville at "Todd'a Dam"
Misses Mollie and Ann Smart,
daughters of Mrs. Angela Getty
Smart, Oakland, are visiting relatives
here
Mr.. and Mrs Floyd Stanton, Akron,
Ohio, visited Miss Christina Winter
berg and William Winterberg, recent
ly.
Mrs. Minnie j. Grimm, Buckhannon,
W. Va, is the guest of her son and
daughter-n-law, Mr. and Mrs Will
liam Grimm.
Shirley Kamp, daughter of Mr. and
Mrs. Austin kamp, is visiting her sis
ter, Mrs Betty Spence and Mrs. Otis
kamp, in Baltimore.
Pfc. Mark Miller !; spending a 30
day furlough with his parents. after
serving twenty-five months in the f.
T. O. He will report to Camp Meade,
Md, for reassignmeEL. He is a son of
Mr. and Mrs. Harry O. Miller.
Mrs. C. O. Keller and Miss Lucretia
Boucher jointly entertained in honor
of their Sister-in-law. Mrs. Gordon
Boucher, of Aubulndale, Mass, on
Tuesday night at the home Of Mrs.
Melissa Boucher. Five tables Of bridge
were in play. Honor' were presented
to Mrs Boucher, Mrs. Benny Epstein,
Mrs. Ira l.. Huff, and Mrs Virginia
Stanton.
The Women's Guild of the Evan
gclical-Reformed church met in the
social room of the church. Tie topic
"Doorways to World Order" vas led
by Mrs. C. O. Bender. An article Can
we work together for Peace" was
read by Mrs. Hobert Spcichcr, Thir
teen members were present. The les
son was given by Mrs. Fern Epstein.
1t was decided to have picnic 1T New
Germany in August in place of the
regular meeting.
Claud Folk, formerly of here, and
brother of Mrs. Allen Baker, has en-
listed in the Navy and left Saturday
for cambridge.
Mr.. and Mrs. Allen Baker and sons,
Mrs. Rosina Folk and daughter, Miss
Clara Folk, Baltimore, were Sunday
dinner guests of Mr.. and Mrs. James
Dillon at the Cove.
Mrs Frank Osborn and daughter,
Shirley Hamburg, N. Y, arrived Sat
urday to spend this week with her
brother-in-law and sister, Mr.. and
Mrs. C. S. Teller.
Pvt James L. Johnson, Camp Davis,
N. c., is spending some time with his
wife at Salisbury, Pa, and with his
sister, Mrs. C. J. Miller, Grantsvillc,
Miss Lena Bittinger, Ashby's Tav-
ern gave birthday party for Bobby
Bittinger on his fourth birthday, July
11th
Mary V. Lininger and Elva Ross,
after being in Richmond, Va, to visit
their brother, Pfc Calvin C. Ross, re-
turned to their home on Monday. Pfc.
Ross is spending a 90-day furlough
with his parents, and Pfc. Howard L.
Ross is spending 80 days with his par
ents, Mr. and Mrs. Charles w. Ross,
! Grantsvile. 1t was the first time the
brothers had seen each other for over
two years.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1945-07-19
u 4 II o { Il A F I

It's decorative wallpaper with
heavy building paper construction.
Patterns are rich and just like good
quality wallpaper DEKO-CRAFT
is ideal for rough OF cracked
plaster walls and over wood cell
ings or walls. Economical in cost.
Rolls contain 200 SO. # It's 50
easy to apply, too.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1945-07-19
.Homenakers' Column
Edited by Mildred Barton Hoffman,
Home Demonstration Agent
ONE SUGAR FOR ANOTHE

If by chance you find only brown or
confectioner's sugar on the shelves
when you go to your grocer for sugar,
the following suggestions may be of
help to you for using them in place Of
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1945-07-19
c f X T A | n I Z E ID
Is II c X 81 d. y G.

Goes on over old siding. makes
homes snug and comfortable at
moderate cost and it's easy to sp-
ply. The appearance of better quail
ity CERTAlNTEED makes it a
sound investment, Strong construc-
ton -weatherproof base, Surface
finished with hre-resisting gran
uIes Available in highly attractive
red and buff blends.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1945-07-19
Carl's Scrapbook
DIR. Americas Enfield
Brethren AS Scrappers
Joseph Nevill, Engineer
Was OF Heroic Mold
Defended Fort Bedford
Worked on Md. Line

By THE LATE FRANK LEE CARL
Staff Writer on The Cumberland Sunday Times
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-07-06
Dam Projects
Could Create
A Million Jobs
Material Makers as Well
As Actual Construction
Workers Would Benefit

Jobs for thousands of skilled and
unskilled workmen will be created
in every part of the country when
congress approves plans and pro-
vides funds for building more than
400 irrigation and power projects
proposed by the bureau of rec
lamation in its S5,000,0 100000 post
war inventory.
Although these proposed irrigation
and power projects will be located
in the II western states, where the
bureau of reclamation since 1902 has
been responsible for the conserva-
ton and wise use of water re-
sources, their construction will Gre
ate job opportunities from Maine to
California.
Behind every man on the con-
struction job there will be one or
more helpers who may be thousands
of miles away. An employment
analysis of the bureaus postwar
inventory reveals that of the 1885,
100000 man-hours of labor required
to construct all the projects about
1850, 900, 900 man-hours will be re-
CURED at construction sites.
Materials from 81 States.
The materials needed for rec
lanai ton work, of which such basic
products as iron and steel, cement,
electrical equipment and supplies,
foundry and machine-shop products,
and lumber are of primary impor-
lance, must be obtained from widely
separated sources. Much of this ma
terial and equipment will come
from the 81 states outside the arid
and semiarid regions of the west.
If funds are made available for
construction of all the projects,
bureau officials estimate that more
than $50, 900 men could be put to
work the first year, less than half
of these at construction sites. At
peak employment in the second
or third year almost 100000 men
could receive pay envelopes in diff
ferent parts of the country as re-
suit of this mighty effort.
Agricultural and industrial enter
prises in the West will help to sup
port and give homes to servicemen
and others who have expressed their
desire to settle on irrigated farms.
Of the 100000 westerners in the
armed forces, it is estimated that
265, 1000 will want to return to the
land.
Veteran legislation, authorized
and pending, gives servicemen pri-
ority of settlement on bureau of rec
lamation projects. On some prof.
ects public lands will be open to
homestead entry.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-07-06

As Of June 30, 1914, the remaining
public lands - exclusive Of areas
acquired through purchase by the
government for resettlement, SUBJ
marginal land administration, mill
tary, or other purposes-consisted
Of 81 ,567 ,096 acres outside of graz
ing districts, in, 669, ISL acres with
in grazing districts, or total Of
16S, 236, AL acres. Some portions Of
the west, in fact, have not yet even
been surveyed by the government,
as indicated by this diagram show.
ing the ratio of unsurveyed areas
In these states.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-07-06
And 'TUas Ever Thus

asked Gene Fowler how he was
coming along with Goodnight,
Sweet Prince" He said, We're at
complete standstill. I may have
to sell the thing after all. Isn't it
funny? It's like man standing on
a street corner selling SIS gold pieces
for buck and nobody will buy. I've
had fabulous offers for it, but no.
body is willing to take it Free" He
wants all the profits to 60 to the mo-
ton picture relief home. lana
Turner now refuses to do bathing
pictures for magazines.
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-07-06
|\'IEl[lA1
ll.'ill!3i|9'
Notes Of an Innocent Bystander:
Commander Joseph w. Golinkin
iWNJ ssryie.,

Notes Of an Innocent Bystander:
Commander Joseph w. Golinlkin,
well-known artist Of sporting prints
and now commodore of a section Of
the Pacific fleet, writes that he had
cleared through censorship a piece
he had written for New York news
paper on naval operations there. He
says that he was amazed at the few
changes made in his copy, but one
floored him. The censor changed the
word "debutante" to society girl"
The Press Box: Cynics pointed to
Paffaire Syria to illustrate their sor-
did opinions that an international Or
ganization is useless. On the con-
trary, that squabble proves the ne
cessity of it. So that such differ
ences can be solved by men sitting
around a table instead of soldiers
in foxholes. A Boston gazette
quips: Jap leaders are signing for
leader like Josef Stalin-and if
they make any false moves in his
direction, they're likely to have
one."
Quotation Workmanship: W. E.
Barrett: Nobody ever sees a city
60 to sleep; it shuts itself up and
drops off to slumber an inch at a
time. I. Panin: Pessimists
are people who, having the choice
between two evils, will choose both.
-. Mag Dige: Money will buy
dog, but it will not buy a wag of
its tail. . Damon Runyon: Nobody
on Broadway gives darn about
million dollars. They merely want
to live like millionaires. I.
Prima's suggestion for Hitler's head
stone: A corporal in the last war
corpse in this one. Anon: Eu-
rope: A collection Of countries with
chips on their shoulders and none
on the table. Sign at Paul's in
the Adirondacks: Honeymooners
treated with studied neglect. {.
H. L. Mencken: The final test of
fame is to have a crazy person
imagine he is you!