davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-06-04

merits Of the French policy in Lebanon
and Syria the whole thing could be
Shelved for awhile at least, until the
San Francisco Conference was ended. :.
The plan of Gen. de Gaulle to adopt
a strong policy" has been known in
Paris for sometime and Mr.. Caffery
pleaded with De Gaulle to hold his
hand and not send fresh French troops
to Beirut and Damascus. The diplo-
matte activities of our Ambassador to
France were totally independent of the
British
French Foreign Secretary Georges BIZ
dault also was strongly opposed to an
adventure in the Near East. He de-
clared in an off-the-record conversa-
ton when he went through Washing
ton on his return trip from San Fran
cisco that in the event his chief did
not change his policy he would resign.
He rendered his resignation when he
reached Paris and found De Gaulle in
an adamant mood but was prevailed
upon to stay in the cabinet until
successor could be found.
What is in the mind of the head OF
the French provisional government no.
body can say. But he seems decided to
he adopted successfully when he was
only the chief Of the organization known
as the Fighting French. He repeatedly
defled the American Government and
occasionally the British who had made
it possible for him to exist as politi-
cal figure.
He seems, however, not to realize that
the situation has changed radically and
that neither Washington nor London
are willing to accept his attitude which
was in the past described by American
political observers at Algiers as that Of
"a spoiled child"
The war in Europe is over The prin-
cipal concern of the American and the
British governments is the successful
conclusion of the San Francisco Con-
ference. Gen. de Gaulle's action against
two independent states which are recog-
nized as members of the United Ma
tions and are represented at the Golden
Gate parley is likely to further dim the
prospects for a world peace organiza-
ton. The American point of view is
that neither Frances security nor her
economic recovery depend in any way
on whether or not it holds under its
wing the Syrian and the Lebanese re-
publics. Hence there can be no excuse
for the chief of the French provisional
government to add another hindrance
to the San Francisco parley merely be-
cause he wants to show the world how
independent he is.
Evening star., 1945-06-04
RuSSia'S Transition Period
By Mai. Georee Fieldinp Eliot

It is difficult to believe that the Rus
slams will obdurately maintain their
present position, as reported from San
Francisco, on the big power veto in
the security council.
It is one thing to insist that the great
powers must be unanimous before any
definite enforcement action Is ordered.
It is quite another to say that each of
the big powers must have the right to
prevent any given difficulty from even
being discussed by the council. That
must, on reflection, strike even the
suspicious and supercautious Russians
as being unreasonable. Indeed there
is some cause to believe that at least
one member Of the Russian delegation
at San Francisco took broader view
Of this point, and has been relieved
Of his post in consequence.
Russian policy, of course, Is made in
report that Mr.. Hopkins is remaining in
Moscow, somewhat longer than had been
expected may be considered encouraging,
for almost certainly he is trying to get
the Russian policy makers to take a
more reasonable attitude on the subject
of voting procedure in the security
council
That doesn't mean just Marshal
Stain. The Russian Premier's authority
is very great, but most observers of
Russian affairs are agreed that it is
not absolute. Marshal Stain has to
take into account the views of his as
sociates in the Political Bureau of the
Communist party and in the Soviet
government, and he must also take into
account the increasingly important po-
sition Of the leaders of the Red Army
He is not supreme, untramme1ed die
tator, accountable to no one and ruling
entirely in accordance with his will. It
is impossible that he should be.
X \ X
We may not know much about what
goes on in Russia right now, but we
do know a great deal about so-called
dictators of the past. History records
in much detail how such men as Ma
poleon, Cromwell, Bismarck and Porflro
Diaz controlled the affairs Of their re-
spective countries: We are even coming
to know good deal about Hitlers trials
and tribulations. 1t wasn't just mat
ter of one man saying do this and
"go there" and having it done without
argument or question. It was rather a
matter of thorough understanding Of
the men and the lines of force with
which the leader had to deal, of care
fully balancing them, directing them.
using one against another where neces-
sary, and arriving at a given result, or
as much OF that result as could be
obtained under the circumstances.
Undoubtedly Stain u In much the
Evening star., 1945-06-04
Elm

o stately daughter OF the quiet ,1ood,
your spring nsantilId is a purple screen
Like thin chiffon through Uhtc's nsauue
intervals
OF shining CLASSY armament are seen.
Soon purple buds change into ,cingine
seeds,
Leaues touching lenpes upon your
branches lie,
So oery deep and pide your friendly
shade,
The heavenly vault Is hidden from the
eye.
About you beauty ,oiH be lingering
Even tDhen your last golden Leaf 10
spent 80.
The nests OF orioles tpiH be repeuled
StDdying beneath q silver frndn,ent.
ROSE MYRA PHILLIPS.
Evening star., 1945-06-04
Rehabilitation Week

Society has recognized it's obliga-
ton to its less fortunate members
for centuries. The word "civiliza-
ton" would have no meaning if it
were not so. But it likewise is true
that not everybody understands the
modern practical technique for the
relief of physically handicapped cit
liens. President Truman's procla-
nation of the week beginning
last Saturday as an occasion for
publicizing national vocational re-
Mobilization, therefore, was justified.
1t will serve the purpose of acquaint-
ing thousands of men and women
with the fact that for twenty-five
years the Nation has been aiding
civilians who through accident,
disease or congenital conditions
otherwise would be unable to engage
in self-supporting labor.
The Act of 1920 was expanded in
scope and application in 1943 to
make it possible for the Federal and
State governments, "as team" to
bring to the mentally disabled and
the blind and all other groups of the
disabled the many services necessary
to make them employable, including
physical restoration, vocational
training and placement in suitable
employment" What is wanted now
is wider and more general use of
the program and the facilities which
Congress has authorized. The cost
to taxpayers is inconsequential in
comparison with the aggregate earn
ings of people who have been
rehabilitated. AS the President ex-
plains, "Refitted for work, they be-
gin to pay their own way. No longer
then are they tax consumers.
In the District of Columbia the
rehabilitation effort did not start
until 1929. Only recently has its
local application been commensu-
rate with the presumptive need.
The number of individuals who
completed rehabilitation in the last
fiscal year was only four hundred
and thirty-five. It follows that Mr..
Truman's appeal for wider knowl-
edge and use" of the services requires
to be brought to the attention Of 4
Evening star., 1945-06-04
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

have been trained in Moscow and in the
Communist training school in France.
Whereas other parties are dependent
upon volunteer workers, the Communist
party is organized by paid professionals
possessing apparently abundant means
for publicity and propaganda. 1t is put
ting its main emphasis on the need for
a strong government and organized and
planned economy for the welfare of the
masses.
But the Christian Democrat party
probably is fully as strong though it
is not nearly so vocal. It's program is
also leftist and, though Catholic in an
overwhelmingly Catholic country, it is
not clerical and some of the Christian
Democrat leaders seek affiliations with
other parties of. Christian philosophy
abroad. They also are for immediate
socialization of utilities and of monopoly
industries, not in the form of state
capitalism, but through municipalities
and other local bodies with the par
ticipation of private capital, their ideal
being the creation of a cooperative
commonwealth.
Politicians here believe the women's
vote will swell the ranks OF both the
Christian Democrats and the Com
munists. The Communists also will
profit by their high prestige in Russia,
the widespread tendency to think the
whole continent of Europe will move
in that direction, the dissatisfaction
with the slowness of the Fascist purge
and the immense fanaticism, self -sacri-
flee and proved heroism among their
members plus the conviction, even
among their opponents. that they are
incorruptible.
The Christian Democrats will profit
by the fear of terrorism and the single
party dictatorial state and by the un-
questionable desire of the people fol
TRANQUILITY
Evening star., 1945-06-04

ROME.-Now that all Italy Is cleared
OF Germans, elections should be held
within four to six months to create
government representative OF the
people, In the present government four
anti-Fascist parties are represented on
equal basis with two other parties out
side of the anti-Fascist group and with
Bonoml as nonparty man holding
premiership as sort of neutral trustee
until public opinion Is able to express
itself. which is his greatest claim to
support.
Merely to set up election machinery is
difficult after more than 20 years of
Fascist rule with no voting lists and
women eligible to vote for the first time
in Italian history. But until elections,
Italy, without a deliberative body, is
ruled by government decree subject to
veto of the Allied powers, situation
which obviously cannot long continue
since the much more active north has
entered the picture.
~ 4
The two 1eftist parties. the Commun-
ist and Socialist, are allied and may
make merger and wish to reorganize
the government under themselves i'm
mediately, but this probably will be
frustrated. Close students of the Ital-
ian political situation agree the country
is almost equally divided between
MARKHAM Communist Socialists, Chris
tian Democrats and the other three
minor parties, the first claiming 80 per
cent, the second 80 per cent. and the
rest 40 per cent. This proportion, with
the higher ratio of Communists in the
fighting forces. was revealed in the
Partisan movement.
OF all the parties the Communist
party is the most active, the best organ
lied and the best disciplined. 1t is GER
tain to dominate the Socialist party for
this reason. Probably some 1000 lead
ers with high intellectual qualifications
Evening star., 1945-06-04
Full Employment

War Mobilization Director Vim
sons Endorsement of the purposes
and principles" of the Murray-Wag-
ner full employment bill presum-
ably means that President Truman
is in agreement with the basic phi
losophy of this legislation and that
1t will serve as keystone of his
domestic economic program.
The bill calls for a new approach
to the problem of dealing with de-
preston and unemployment. Under
its terms, if full employment cannot
be achieved otherwise, it becomes
"the responsibility of the Federal
Government to provide such volume
of Federal investment and expendi-
ture as may be needed to assure
continuing full employment" The
, President each year would transmit
to Congress national production
and employment budget. This would
contain an estimate of the total
labor force, an estimate Of the total
volume of expenditure and invest
ment by private enterprise, Federal
and local governments required to
employ the total labor force, and a
statement of the estimated total of
expenditure and investment during
the year under consideration. If
this total is less than that presumed
to be needed for full employment,
the President would recommend
measures to encourage non-Federal
expenditures. Should this still be
inadequate, he would then recon-
!. mend a Federal spending program
large enough to make up the deficit.
The theory underlying this ap-
1 proach, in Mr.. Wilson'S words, is
! that "depressions are not acts of
God, any more than wars are. They
are the products of our man-made
institutions and the way we organ
lie our society" He believes that
we can and must organize our So
ciety and our planning to prevent
both wars and depressions.
The main difficulty, of course,
will arise in working out the de-
tailed process of fitting a planned
economy into the framework of a
!. free society. Mr.. Vinson comedies
this in his warning that national
f.. economic policies must not be al
. lowed to develop into regimentation
/. OF business, or labor, or agriculture,
! nor Of the people" That, obviously,
Evening star., 1945-06-04
Good Business
From the London Daily Mail.

From the London Daily Mail.
After the war Britain will have a
magnificent opportunity to establish a
fourishing tourist industry. Not only
will travellers from all parts Of the world
be anxious to see the island and the
people who stood out against Hitler, but
we shall be one of the few countries able
to cater for tournists. This industry
will be of first-class importance to our
postwar economy. 1t is in the truest
sense an export trade" since it pro-
duces at flrsthand the foreign currency
we need so much. Before the war
France relied upon "tourism" to balance
her national accounts, but in Britain
it was largely neglected. It would be
foolish and shortsighted to neglect 1t
again, especially when we have chance
to get away to flying start.
Evening star., 1945-06-04
Meat Export Cut

Officials emphasize that there is
no military or political significance
in the decision to suspend virtually
all our foreign meat shipments
scheduled for lease-lend and relief
during July, August and September.
The three-month stoppage is die
tated solely by the critical shortage
here at home. This shortage Is so
great that even though hundreds of
millions Of pounds of beef, pork,
veal, ETC.. will be kept in this country
during the next quarter of the year,
the shipping suspension will not of
itself result in any noticeable in
crease in the very meager supply
now within reach of the American
housewife. However. combined with
the new OPA order requiring slaugh-
terers to resume distribution on the
same geographical pattern as that
in effect early in 1914, it will def
nitely help to ease the present situa-
tion, and the first signs of improve
ment are expected to appear within
the next fortnight or so. News of
the stoppage may cause some dis
appointment overseas. especially In
Russia-the biggest recipient-and
in the needy liberated areas, but to
offset 1t our exports of dried beans,
eggs and milk are to be stepped up,
and cereals, potatoes and wheat
flour will be made available. From
the standpoint of actual nutrition
the meat cancellation is thus not
likely to create additional distress in
Europe. The fact that our own press
ing domestic needs have made the
move imperative will serve to remind
peoples abroad that our resources
are by no means limitless, a point
not always we'll understood by the
rest of the world.
Evening star., 1945-06-04

same position. He has his policies. he
has his objectives: he cannot execute
those policies or attain those objectives
alone: therefore he must get others to
go along with him, either by persuasion
or by pressure Of one sort or another
But to obtain results in this manner
takes time. a good deal of patience,
and willingness to be satisfied with
margins of progress rather than in
sistance on the whole thing right away,
or else.
We should remember that the Rus
slams are now passing through a transi-
ton period which is very difficult for
them, as we'll as for the rest OF us.
They have just escaped, largely by their
own gallant efforts, from the greatest
exterior threat that has ever menaced
the Russian people since Peter the
Great overcame the invading armies of
Charles XII of Sweden.
Millions of Russians have seen for
themselves, or suffered in their own
families and towns. the horror of Ger
man invasion. They are determined
that such thing shall not happen
again, and they are determined to take
such measures as may be necessary to
prevent it by their own strength, until
they are convinced that the new inter-
national organization, in the formation
of which they are participating, will
really provide some measure of secur-
tty. They have seen that some of the
measures which they consider necessary
to this end-such as their proceedings
in Poland, Romania and Austria-haye
occasioned great deal of criticism in
the western world. Hence there are
undoubtedly good many Russians
perhaps including some Of the Army
leaders-who would prefer to be able
being discussed by the new security
council.
We can recognize and understand
this point Of view, but we must Ger
.tainly do our best to persuade the Rus
slams that it will not serve even Russian
ends to persist in 1t. Nothing could
better serve the purpose of those whose
desire 1t is to engender in western
hearts every sort of suspicion of Soviet
intentions. If we can't even talk things
over we shall never be able to reach
satisfactory agreements Where would
the San Francisco Conference be now
if such rule had prevailed? The basic
Soviet interest is sincere cooperation
with the western world, and that fact
is becoming more and more clearly rec
ognized in Moscow. The process may
be slow, but the gains are definitely
perceptible.
tcopyright. 1s4SJ
Evening star., 1945-06-04

large group OF potential benefciaries
and their families. Medical, surgical
and psychiatric care, disqualification,
convalescent nursing, artificial limbs
and appliances, occupational tools,
licenses and equipment, counseling
and guidance are available to an
army of presently handicapped resi-
dents of the Nations Capital, If only
they will respond to the Presidents
plea.
Evening star., 1945-06-04
Letters to The Star
Roll of Honor Considered an
A r6,,r,ook fox N1<o
Ar9ument for Vote
To the Editor of The Star:


To the Editor of The Star:
have just concluded reading Senator
Capper's statement to the Senate in
connection with the petition signed by
the officers of 81 District organizations
In favor of the passage of the Summers
Capper resolution for a constitutional
amendment enabling Congress to grant
representation to the people of the Dis
trtct in the selection Of Representative
In Congress to be elected by the citizens
of the District, as accorded to all Of
the 48 States, and to accord to the citi-
zens of the District the right to choose
presidential electors by ballot accorded
to all States large and small, as Con-
gress, under the proposed amendment
may determine.
There never has been time when
we have opposed the right of the Dis
trict Of Columbia to participate in the
Federal Government on the same basis
accorded to all of the States. We have
questioned the wisdom of certain pre-
vious proposals made at the time and
under the plan proposed and pointed
jections; but these do not apply in any
way to the proposal Of the Summers
Capper Bill, with which we are in full
accord.
We could not state our reasons more
cogently than they are summarized in
that statement and in the citizens pc
tition but there Is one argument which
lie n ,uiy ~ on ,;al,
cannot be as forcefully covered in cold
type.
We refer to the pictures of the citizen
youth of Washington which appear daily
in connection with the Roll Of Honor
OF soldiers and sailors who have made
the supreme sacrifice for their country,
and not alone for the District, who, had
they survived the war would be denied
the right to participate in any way in
the political affairs of their country in
whose defense they gave their lives. 1t
seems to us that one such picture is
worth ton of argument
This right Of suffrage should be be-
slowed upon those who are enduring
the hardship of the battlefield, many
suffering from permanent injuries, who
will survive the war, and those who as
citizens have paid the cost of the war
and suffered the lack Of nourishing food
and raiment imposed by conditions
brought about as the result of the war.
This increased burden of taxation
doubtless will continue throughout the
lifetime of the citizens who remained at
home and the boys who did the fight
ing. If this is sufficient argument to
confer the rights of citizenship upon
the residents Of the States, it ought also
to apply to the residents of the District.
CLINTON N. HOWARD.
Superintendent of the International
Reform Federation.
Evening star., 1945-06-04

The first CT Joes to be demobilized
won't mind very much if they never
again see gun outside the Ma
tional Museum.
Evening star., 1945-06-04

is a rather sweeping reservation
one much more easily made on
paper than in practice.
Evening star., 1945-06-04

Appreciation for MIR. Hart
To the Editor Of The Star:
I have been a teacher at Eastern
High School since 1919 and have been
privileged to teach there under the fine
leadership Of Charles Hart, the principal.
1t was indeed gratifying to read the
excellent article in last Sundays Star
paying tribute to Mr.. Hart, and recog-
nizing his outstanding work in educa-
ton in the District of Columbia.
Throughout these years Mr.. Hart has
been not only an inspiring leader but
real friend to all pupils and teachers
who have worked under him.
Due to Mr.. Hart, Eastern High School
today holds high and honored place
in the community and in the hearts of
all its graduates. The Eastern High
School Is truly the Charles Hart High
School. HELEN D. STAPLES.
Evening star., 1945-06-04

De Chambrun's Citizenship
To the Editor Of The Star:
The May % issue Of your paper con-
tanned an article entitled Move to Re-
woke De Chambruns Maryland Citi-
zenship Pressed" which was inspired
by statement that had made at the
May meeting of the Interfederation
Conference. The subject had previous
ly been presented to the Prince Georges
County Federation OF Citizens Asso-
Citations by one of its delegates and had
been referred to me, as chairman of its
Legislative Committee, for study and
report.
Count Rene De Chambrun Is the
great-great-grandson of the Marquis De
La Fayette. and 1t Is upon that rela-
tionship that the formers alleged Mary
land citizenship is based. The article
stated that the count is claiming Amer
ican citizenship through his Maryland
citizenship.
The young Marquis De La Fayette,
while in the Colonies, spent some time
In Baltimore, and so endeared himself
to its citizens that the General Assem-
bly, of Maryland passed an act, January
%, 1875 (Chap. IL, Acts of 1784), con-
ferring citizenship upon him and upon
his male heirs forever.
While the alleged claim of Count De
attempt of the Maryland General AS
sembly to confer citizenship upon the
male heirs of La Fayette in perpetuity,
may seem to pose an interesting ques-
ton of constitutional law, nevertheless
1t is clear that his claim cannot be
predicated upon that action. Under
the constitution and laws of Maryland,
to be entitled to citizenship In that
State one must be a citizen Of the
United States.
do not know what the status Of
Count De Chambrun is with respect to
American citizenship. It appears, how
ever, that he was born in France, and
that on August %, 1910, at the age OF
49, he was notified to join his unit in
the French Army, which he did, and
was afterward stationed in the Maginot
Line. One cannot be citizen of the
United States and at the same time owe
allegiance and fidelity to foreign
country. Whatever the situation may
be, can see no necessity for any action
by the State of Maryland.
DANIEL NJ GREENE,
Chairman, Legislative Committee, Prince
Georges Federation Of Citizens Asso.
Citations.