davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25
Major Allied Offensive And Lnuasion
Of Tiny Iwo Marks Weeks War News

bruecken area. The Russians in
Silesia drove to within 10 miles
on the Saxon border and in the
north reached the outskirts of
Grudziadz in the Polish corridor
Admiral Ninitz announced that
500 Japanese planes were destroy
ed, $50 more probably destroyed,
So ships sunk or damaged and con-
siderable destruction done ashore
in last weeks carrier plant at
attacks on the Tokyo area. Forty
nine American planes were lost.
On Monday, two Marine divi-
sions landed on Two Jima and in
two hours of savage fighting es-
tablished a beachhead 2 IL miles
long and 500 yards deep. The land
ing was made from 800 ships. Tok-
70 was attacked by probably $50
Superfortresses, the largest force
yet. The Canadian First army
cleared most of the Germans from
Goch. More than 1000 American
heavy bombers and fighters hit II
railway and industrial centers in
western Germany. The Russians
captured ZaWada, As miles from
Danzig and in the south advanced
to within Is miles of Goerlitz, on
the way to Dresden.
On Tuesday, the Marines cap
tured the southern airfield on Two
and occupied about one-third OF
the island. Gen. Macarthur report
ed good progress in cleaning out
the japanese in Manila, Corregi.
dor, and Bataan peninsula. Ger
man counter-attacks slowed the
Canadian First army along the
Rhine, hut the American Third
made gains of up to 2 IL miles
on a 50-mile front. More than 1900
American heavy bombers and
fighters did tremendous damage in
an attack on the big railway yards
at Nuremberg, Germany. The Rus
slams fought across a 20-mile
stretch of the Bober river southeast
of Berlin to within eight miles of
Guben.
On Wednesday, the Marines
drove toward Two Jima's central
airfield in general advance
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25

which gained as much as half a
mile at some points. American
casualties in the first two days
were $3.50 killed, wounded or miss
ing The American Third army
broke through another section of
the Siegfried line and made gains
of up to S ID miles on a broad
front. The Canadian First army
resumed its advance in the north
Some 1850 A m r i n planes
struck Nuremberg for the second
straight day. Planes from Italy
bombed the railway at Berchtes-
gaden, where Hitler has his noun
tain retreat The Fifth army in
Italy captured Mount Belvedere
and made other gains in the b.
logna area. The Russians drove
nine miles through the German de-
lenses to reach the junction of the
Neisse and Oder rivers 40 miles
from Berlin.
On Thursday, About 5000 Allied
planes struck the greatest blow OF
the war at Germany, smashing vi
tai transit lines leading to the
fronts. The onslaught came as the
American Third army cleared the
Germans from the Saar-M oselle
triangle and the Canadian First
pushed closer, to Calcar, capturing
Moyland. AS the Red armies
crumbled German defenses along
the Neisse river, Premier Stain
told his troops that full victory
over Germany is near. The Ma
rines captured the summit of
Mount Suribachi volcano on Two.
Admiral Nimitz announced that
American casualties have risen to
1886 killed and 4,168 wounded.
On Friday, the American Ninth
and First armies smashed across
the Roer after a terrific artillery
and aerial bombardment of the en-
envy lines. The Germans were
overwhelmed in the first rush of
the offensive and lost most of the
stronghold of Juelich, as well as
other towns. Some 5000 Allied
planes struck again at the Ger
man communications system. The
Russians completed the conquest
of Poznan, Poland, after a long
siege, during which $4,000 Ger
mans were killed or captured. The
grim battle for Two continued I'm
abated and American gains were
small. American troops in Manila
broke into the old walled city,
where the last of the japanese
were holding out.
On Saturday, t h Americans
fought their way onto the Rhine
land plain 10 miles from Cologne
and were two to 3 IL miles be-
You'd the shattered Roer %ne. All
of Juelich was taken except the
inner Citadel, and part Of Dueren.
The Russians were fighting in the
streets of encircled Breslau and
probing across a 60-nile stretch
of the Neisse river. The Marines
on Two got a foothold on the CEN
trail airf,eld in bitter fighting. An
other 2,l46 Allied prisoners were
rescued from a Japanese intern
ment camp on Luzon in the Philip
pines. A force of probably more
than 100 Superfortresses from In
dia bombed Singapore.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25
LIONS MAY MEET
IN DURHAM SOON

DURHAM, Feb. 24-(Pl-Durham
will be the host to the spring meet.
ing of the Piedmont division Of
the North Carolina Lions club Il
the ODT and Lions international
approve the session, 1t was an
nouneed today.
If approved it is understood that
one representative from each club
will be permitted to attend the
local district convention. Local
Lions pointed out the fact today
that this regulation would bring
the attendance within the 50-limi-
tation ruling for public meetings.
Frances E. Walker of the local
Lion club has been endorsed for
district governor by Durham Lions,
and his name will be offered at
the convention in case it is held.
In case the meeting is not held
the current officers will be re.
quested to serve another year, it
was stated today.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25
INSURANCE TAXES
TO BE DISCUSSED

RALEIGH, Feb. "a. -(P)- A
tentative proposal seeking to pro-
vide for more equitable taxation
of insurance companies operating
in North Carolina will be discuss
ed next Tuesday at public hear
ing before a subcommittee of the
joint finance committee.
Drawn by members Of the sub
committee and insurance and tax
experts, the measure would amend
the continuing revenge act relat-
ing to taxes on Insurance pre-
miums and would result in an es-
timated annual loss of $l00, 900 IN
revenue to the state.
A need for revising the state S
existing laws on insurance pre-
MUM taxes arose when the United
States Supreme Court ruled that
insurance is interstate commerce,
thus placing North Cardinals pre-
MUM tax laws in "doubtful
category. Several large insurance
companies have said they will
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25
Rankin Fights Plot To
'Ouerthrow Government

WASHINGTON, Feb. "A. - up -
Rep. John Rankin said today he
is too busy fighting a plot to
overthrow this government to
worry any more about his Wash
ington's birthday battle with Rep.
Frank E. Hook.
The tousle. haired Mississippi de-
mocrat issued statement called
the fight closed incident. Il an
too busy to waste my time he
said.
There was no new communique
from bis adversary hook, the Mich
igan democrat who shouted liar
to Rankin and found himself in
combat.
When barbed wire was first in
troduced in the British Isles and
America, there was strong objec-
ton to it on humanitarian grounds.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25

pay the insurance premium taxes
in this state only under protest.
The bill, which will be present.
ed to the finance committee after
the public hearing. seeks to do
away with differing tax schedules
for foreign and domestic compa-
MES which might be termed dis
criminatory' by placing both for
elgn and domestic companies ~
the same premium tax basis.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25
Army Investigating
Swiss Bomb COMPLAINT

WASHINGTON, Feb. "a. - R) -
Acting Secretary of State Grew
said today that an Army investisa.
ton is under way into Swiss
complaint that U. S. planes attack
ed towns Thursday.
Grew said that if American
planes were responsible reparation
will be made insofar as that is
humanity possible"
He DISCLOSED, in a statement that
the Swiss minister, had declared
U. S. aircraft had bombed and
strafed causing deaths of l6 and
injury to many more.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25
ENGINEERS help
DRIVE TO RHINE
GAIN MOMENTUM
~. wES GALLAGHER

-r,r ~ Germany, Feb. "a
,o0Thanks to engineers W n 0
lTtJaod The Roer river under fire
prias took the heaviest casualties
anu anu n.Day, the U, S. Ninth Army
SIM N the Rhine gained momen-
arla' today, smashing forward
lul nn,,ob a maze of defenses four
u, foi7r and half miles beyond
me ,,++bouoh the Germans had been
At'tn from many observation
pus ts their gunners had carefully
posi- in the river and raked it
ze en- fire For the second day,
w Sr;In mud-soaked engineers disre-
slliG od comrades wounded around
s saluN and kept the traffic flowing.
''e one bridge was put in eight
.:a oo before it finally stayed, and
UNI anb fine the cost was met IN
s co. and courage by the engi-
Oiuu~ who often have the dirty
new new Jobs but seldom hit the
he Tbis lime their casualties were
,;aber in proportion than the at
tacking infantry:
'' Tbis nile of rubble that once was
+ l city dating back at least
soo a. wears. fell yesterday to the
9 9otb infantry division, which push
@''il o9s+ nearly two miles today
eo tbo outskirts of Stetternich.
m the northern edge of the city,
4bo centlIries-old citadel, with its
140.foot thick walls, fell quickly to
;nfantrv attacking with flame
w. The task force that knocked out
tho handful of defenders was under
brigadier general, who rode
aroInd under fire on a bulldozer,
rolndjns up armored weapons and
fIamethrowers for the assault.
The 1O2nd in f antry division,
which made the deepest penetra-
lion at Linnich. reached Hottorf,
four and a half miles from the
iumn.off. In this sector a series
If small counter were beat
ten off
The lO2nd and 10Th divisions had
been sitting along the Roer for
weeks planning crossings, and
capitalized on their long study.
other divisions are taking part in
the assault toward the Rhine, but
their identity has not yet been dis
closed by the Army.
I'VE have progressed very nicely,
ard casualties have not been as
high as expected" a Ninth Army
officer said.
The moderate German resist
ances in expected 10 stiffen, and
there are indications the enemy
high command IS drawing rein
forcements from other sectors of
the weakened front TO meet the
offensive along the Roer.
The 29th division had one of the
toughest tasks, fighting from rub
bic heap TO rubble heap trough
this town, which is so flattened
it is impossible to tell where
streets begin and houses begin.
One vehicle trying to follow what
looked like a road fell through In
to the cellar of what once was
house.
BulldoAers had to carve streets
through great piles OF debris as
shells burst around them.
Back on a1e river, engineers still
had a big job ahead, because the
river was sWed with all types of
mines.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25
Uruguay Joins Ranks
OF The United Nations

WASHINGTON, Feb. "a. - (P) -
Uruguay today poined the United
Nations. having declared war
against Germany and Japan last
Thursday
The Uruguayan ambassador,
Juan Carlos Blanco, signed for
his country The list of signatures
NOW includes all American nations
except Argentina.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-02-25
Moscow Says Emergency
Proclaimed At Bremen
(By The Associated Press

(By The Associated Press
The Moscow radio in German
language broadcast yesterday said
a state of emergency had been pro-
claimed in the Bremen port area
following disturbance" among
German sailors. The broadcast was
recorded by the Federal Commu-
nications Commission.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-04-26
Arm Limitation Produced
Two Bobtailed Battleships

The sister battleships, Nelson
and Rodney, of the British navy,
present a strange appearance be-
cause half of their rear section is
missing, says Golfers.
Being under construction in 1922
when naval arms we're limited at
the Washington conference, their
tonnages had to be reduced one
quarter; and this was accom-
plished by cutting some 200 feet
off the end of each vessel. But
their superstructures were built
as originally planned and, there
fore, came so close to the stern
that the heavy guns for the section
had to be moved forward.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-04-26

agreement between countries. no
plane may cross foreign border.
The air Is not free, it is closed"
American ambition doesn't like to
be fenced in and already we have
mapped pattern Of air routes we'd
like to establish when peace comes.
Those routes will encircle the globe.
Our own civil aeronautics board Is
in the process Of holding hearings
to determine which carriers will be
certified to fly these routes.
But the certificates issued, says
Colonel Mitchell, twill be mere
scraps of paper unless other coun-
tries consent to operations by Unit
ed States carriers"
Arrival at such common consent
Is in the making today, and has been
greatly advanced since the state de-
partment called the conference in
Chicago last November. Represent
atives of So countries met. At the
last minute the Soviet Union
dropped out, but certain basic agree
ments were reached. This confer
ence Colonel Mitchell calls "the civ
IL air part Of the peace settlement"
because it provided Tin the main
convention which was prepared,
proposed International organization
which might, with respect to air
matters within its competence di-
rectly affecting world security, en-
ter into appropriate agreements
with any general organization set up
by the nations to preserve peace"
Colonel Mitchell believes that 1.-THE
degree, or lack of it. to which the
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-04-26

mining whether the nations Of the
world can be brought together II
peaceful understanding.
Preliminary Agreements
Made at Chicago Meeting
Now, what did the Chicago confer
ence achieve?
After considerable discussion In
which there were sharp differences
of opinion, the conference prepared
two multilateral agreements on
commercial operations which were
separate from the main convention
and which any country was free to
sign if it wished. They are con-
cerned with the five freedoms of
the air" which will be taken up in
detail in a later article. They are
ID the right to fly over a country
90 the right to land for non-trafdc
purposes 90 the right to disembark
passengers, mail and freight from
the country of origin of the aircraft
"a the right to embark traffic for
the country Of origin and go the
right to do business along the way.
Because all Of the countries were
not prepared to accept all the free
doms, choice was provided. One
agreement offered, between the sig
natory countries, merely the first
two freedoms. That is right to fly
over the country and the right Of
non-traff1c stop, which means per-
mission to stop at an airport for
refuelling and such purposes.
The other grants all five freedoms,
but the fifth could be denied by any
country on proper notice to other
contr acting countries.
At the time this is written the
''Two-Freedons' agreement has
been signed (but not definitely ac-
cepteO by "a countries, accepted by
four (including the United States,
Canada, the Netherlands and Nor
way.
The give Freedoms" agreement
has been signed but not definitely
accepted by % countries; definitely
accepted by two, including the Meth
erlands without the fifth freedom)
and the United States.
The main work of the conference
was the writing of a convention on
international Civil Aviation and In
term Agreement which will set up
an international organization. The
conference also recommended q
model form Of agreement on COM
mercial services to be used in BIZ
lateral negotiations.
1.-THE work of the Chicago confer
ence," said Colonel Mitchell, sis
merely blueprint for further &C.
tivity. A start has been made, but,
like Durnbarton Oaks, much remains
to be DONE"
Further details of some Of the
problems involved and the attitudes
revealed in negotiations so far will
be set forth in a second article ap-
pearing next week.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-04-26
Conference Irons Out
World Air Problems
Future of Commercial Flying Depends on
Freedom of Air Pacts, Allowing Planes
To Fly and Land Anywhere.
By BAUKHAGE
NetUs analyst and Commentator.

Bauge has made study highly important question:
of the Air.
The command With the help of the American aviation indus
history.
Military and cian experts alike
links the globe arctic the
the knoo Imagination, energy and
nation sUhas il IS today.
How shall the ame communication be into the expansion
OF American trade development in the to come?
Baukhage forth Of the leading military
opinions this series Of articles appearing UNCIO United Nations
Council International Organizaion Francisco
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-04-26

Some time after V-Day, when the
forces OF the occupation are with
drawn and the world once more set
ties back to peace, the greatest in
ternational air transport system
which was ever built will largely
cease to be. That system, the Air
Transport Command of the u. S.
army, criss-crosses the western
hemisphere from Nome in Alaska to
Rio de Janeiro; from Iceland to
Panama City. 1t stretches eastward
across the Atlantic, laces Europe
and Africa, reaches India and then
swings around the globe by way Of
Australia, through Honolulu to the
Pacific coast.
Over the ATC's more than a hum
dred and fifty landing fields, the
American flag now flies. Big planes
travel the routes at the rate Of 81
million miles month, which is
equal to 70 trips around the world
at the equator every "a hours.
From the fagpoles on most OF
those bases, the Stars and Stripes
will be lowered after the world has
returned to peace. And strange as
it may seem, the thing that worries
the friends Of commercial aviation
most is not SO much whether Old
Glory flies free over those bases.
as whether the air over them and
the rest of the world is free to the
extent that American planes will
have access to those and other bases
over the globe.
We have achieved freedom Of the
seas. Why can't we have freedom
Of the air, too?
carried that question right into
the Pentagon building to the Office
Of one Of the AAF officers whose
job includes worrying over that i'm
portant question. He is William
Mitchell, lieutenant colonel, United
States army air force, assistant ex-
ecutive to the assistant secretary of
war for air. This was his answer
Colonel Mitchell made it clear that
he was expressing his personal
views and was not speaking for the
war department., but he stated that
his opinions were shared by many
other members of the air stafD:
Conflicts over artificial barriers
on intercourse by sea-" he said,
used to be fertile breeding ground
for wars. But for 200 years vessels
of any nation have been able to trav-
Ell the oceans in peacetime without
international supervision, and as a
result, this source Of international
conflict has disappeared"
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-04-26
SEWING CIRCLE NEEDLECRAFT
Charming Apron in Filet Crochet

Due to an unusually large demand and
current war conditions, slightly more time
is required in filling orders for a few of
the most popular pattern numbers.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-04-26
Each Country Rules
The AirsDays Aboue II

The analogy between freedom Of
the sea and freedom Of the air, it
seems, Is an attractive one but it
won't hold water.
IAN airplane does not merely
touch the coast of a country" the
colonel explained, ''it may penetrate
into the remotest interior. Ac-
cordingly it has become fairly well
established that nation has juris-
diction over the airspace above its
land to the same extent that it has
jurisdiction over the land itself. The
result is that, in the absence Of
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-04-26

Sewing Circle Neediecraft Dept.
81 Eighth Ave. New York
Enclose 16 cents for Pattern
Address
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-04-26

NOW that you've discovered the
= charm of crocheted party
aprons, you'll want this one done
in filet crochet; easy-to-follow
chart.
Handiwork you'll enjoy-a filet crochet
apron-inexpensive when you make it
yourself. Pattern 7436 has directions;
chart.
The century voice. (Yazoo City, Miss.) 194?-19??, 1945-08-01
WHEN TO USE ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION

The problem of life saving does not always end with
The victim of near-drownng experience though
conscious and breathing may be in serious condition Or
he may have ceased to breathe in which his life may
be matter of secon-uness artificial respiration is cor
recy applied Remember however, that artificial respi
ration is used if the victim is breathing.
The prone pressure method of artificial respiration
taught by the American Red Cross in its life saving and
first aid training devised in 1903 by Dr. E.
Sharpey Schafer of the University of Edinburgh With
notifications has been developed to point OF remark
able effectiveness and simplicity knowledge its APP
pcation is invaluable in the resuscitaon of any acct
dent victim who has ceased to breathe
The person who has nearly drowned will be in need
of at least three things rest warmth and oxygen To
failure of the overaXed heart the rescuer should
that there further physical exerton on the part
of the victim tragic example is that of the man res
cued from the water and hauled to the deck of nearby
ship who in the act of thanking his rescuer when
he dropped to the deck and died.
Pending the arrival of doctor, the victim should be
swathed in blankets any kind of covering Hot water
bottles, hot bricks heating pads properly tested and
wrapped should be applied beneath the thighs and arms
and the abdomen In should the first alder
attempt to force any liquid down the throat of the vic
tim, and alcoholic stimulants should not be used
The Red Cross classes in proper water safety pro-
The century voice. (Yazoo City, Miss.) 194?-19??, 1945-08-01
Non.Swimmers AS Life Savers

One who cannot swim at all is sometimes able to
life if he his head and remembers his training
Rescues made from shore common, but there is a
technique about them that should be learned To assist
the victim of accident happening within length OF
the Shore the should drop to prone position the
upper body extended above the water land reach out his
hand. shirt oar, paddle fishing rod, pole
any object may be held out for the victim
to grasp.
If the victim is beyond reach, the position may
be reversed with the securing good handhod
himself and extending his body and legs for the other
person to hold.
Sometimes length of line ring buoy is at hand
Properly handled they be used for aiding victims
who distance from shore. Both thrown
derhand with pendulum-lke motion. Freeoating OBJ
jecs those which may be dropped thrown pushed
drowning person. although they cannot be controlled
by the they launched, also fire.
keeping victim afloat and other means must be used
to bring him ashore.
The wadng is another form of assistance
that can be employed by anyone The beginning swim
mer who unable to regain the horizontal position the
surf bather knocked off his footing by breaker, and
the non-swimmer who has stepped into hole ex-
anples of times when nothing is needed by the
rescuer than cool head firm stance and grip
on the victim. slow steady pull does the trick rather
than jerking motion which may dsodge the rescuer.
Enroll with your local Red Cross chapter for the
course in water safety that you will be able to
meet emergencies.