davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-06-26

have been kept Independent of one an
other. An effort has been made to see
that neither may dominate the other,
in the particular fields assigned to each.
One may be regarded as the legislative
= body and the other as the executive.
During the drafting of the charter it
was continually emphasized that the
council the executive branch, must be
left with freedom to act strongly and
promptly for the maintenance of inter-
national peace and security. That has
been done. The one drag placed upon
it is the veto power extended to the
five permanent members of the IL
member council. by which a decision to
act may be blocked by any one of these
great powers. 1t remains always a
power which they can use in their own
particular interests. Otherwise the
council has been provided with vast mil
itary and naval forces never before
given any international organization to
enforce peace.
The powers of the general assembly,
on the other hand, have been greatly
increased in the charter during the con-
3 ference to seek through various agencies,
including the economic and social coun-
Gil and the trusteeship council for de-
pendent peoples, to improve the condi-
tons of the world, both economically
and socially. Further, the new interna-
tional court Of justice and its statute
will provide a great agency through
which international disputes may be set
tied peacefully and in accordance, as it
is promised in the charter, with the
principles of justice and international
law.
The assembly as it Is constituted, with
equal delegate strength and one vote
each for all nations, great and small,
has basic defect, as clearly indicated
as the defect of the veto power of the
great nations in the security council
1t Is idle to claim that in a legisla-
tive body Luxembourg, for example,
should have an equal vote with Russia
or the United States. 1t would be as
reasonable to give Nevada, with Its small
population. an equal vote in our House
of Representatives with New York or
Pennsylvania. The defects in the or
ganization, however. may be remedied
in the future. A start has been made
toward world organization. and that in
itself Is q great accomplishment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-06-26
Charter Realities
By Maj. George FieIdinf Eliot

There is a tendency on the part of
some Of our more notable idealists, lib
erals and wishful thinkers to heap scorn.
on the San Francisco charter. Pinned
down, these scorners will say that it
doesn't 60 'far enough; that it does
not, for example, permit great power
to be hailed to the bar of international
justice and dealt with as an offender,
on the complaint of small power. In
evitably, at this point, you are treated
to the comparison of the rich and pow
erful citizen who thinks himself "above
the law" That isn't right, you are told
Any system based on such obvious in
justice Is essentially immoral
1t is, indeed, too bad that humanity
has not yet developed to the point
where we can have a realization of
Tennysons dream of the parliament
of man, the federation of the world.
A democratic world government would
be great blessing. God forbid that
man should cease to dream Of it. Per-
haps some day it will come to pass, and
when it does, most assuredly it must be
based-as any democracy that is to en-
dure must be based-on the principle
of equality before the law. When that
day comes the day of special privilege
will be at an end.
We are, however, faced in this pr esent
day with two unacceptable facts: "a
Mankind Is not universally. or even in
great part, prepared to abandon ma
tional sovereignties to the extent neces-
sary to create world state: az II, how
ever, mankind does not find some means
of preventing another world war there
never viii be world state; there will
be rather retrogression to the savagery
Of the Dark Ages, for civilization will
destroy ITSELF
The delegates at San Francisco faced
these two facts squarely.
They knew that their objective was
limited, that they were not seeking an
ideal impossible OF present achievement,
but rather a modus vivendi- literally
and factually, a means of living, means
by which we can remain alive and pur-
sue our several ideas of happiness while
we and our children and our grand
children improve. bit by bit, on what
has been wrought at San Francisco.
That is why there was such an at
mosphere Of sober, workmanhke deter.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-06-26
Protests Paper Waste

10 the Editor OF Inc Star:
I noted in the press of few days
ago that: New Workers tossed only IT
tons Of paper in parade" This was in
reference to Gen. Eisenhower's visit to
New York and the article went on to
state: "Other public demonstrations
have resulted in as much as $500 tons
of ticker tape and torn paper being
loosed from buildings"
On the very next page I found a
large illustrated advertisement paid for
by one Of our local merchants, and
three-fourths of the space was used to
call attention to Paper Is Helping Win
the War Save Paper-Don't Throw
1t Away" Then on another page in the
same edition: 'Papertroopers Collect
Tons of Paper" and this article told
about young girls and boys striving to
collect paper for salvage
What must be the reaction of these
youngsters when they read such items
or when they see for themselves such
wanton waste of paper as was noted
on Pennsylvania avenue and other
places when Gen. Eisenhower rode
along this historic street?
nope that this practice Of paper
throwing does not become prevalent in
our notably clean city. see no useful
purpose served by it. All it does is to
make extra work for an already over
worked force of city workers.
Why ask us to save paper one day
and then waste or throw more awoy
the next? A PAPER SAVER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-06-26
Applauds Ciano Diary


To the Editor Of The Star:
One OF the most amazing things to
me is that the publication of extracts
from the Ciano diary should have no
published reaction in your paper from
its readers.
Certainly not even the celebrated
Life of Johnson" by James Boswell,
could be more revealing.
All that we have known: much that
we have suspected, and very much that
we did not know or suspect now is
shown in one of the most accidental of
literary chances. The diary might have
been lost. The dictum of Mussolini
that dead men can't talk" finds Its
denial here. His murdered son-in- law
is talking, for being dead he yet
speaketh"
We now see Franco as he is. King
Farouk is placed in a compromising
light, but his hesitation to join the
British when Egypt was about to be
overrun by the Germans is made clear.
Mussolini's stab in the back at France
came OF a deep-seated hate of that
country. Italy is tricked into joining
the Axis and is made a means of di-
viding the Allies when about to attack
Germany. The eagerness of Japan to
join against England to get back what
she has taken from us all" shows the
Jap mind on British colonization in the
Pacific.
As the diary unfolds its information,
what shall We not know? The Star has
done truth great service, giving our
people this white ray of light on what
was dark JOHN o. KNOTT,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-06-26

mination among the delegates at San
Francisco. There was little of the high
flown idealism which characterized the
formation Of the charter Of the League
of Nations; there were few hopes ex-
pressed, even in the most fiowery
speeches, of the imminent arrival of
the millennium.
Most Of the delegates seemed to I'M
derstand very we'll that the conditions
were not favorable for a world state,
but that they were unusually, indeed
uniquely, favorable for an association
OF states to preserve the common Sc
curity. The very fact that the post
war world will include only three great
military powers, and that none of these
has anything to gain by launching a
war against Its colleagues, was the
central pivot around which the work.
ings Of the new charter have been
made to revolve. Such a condition has
not hitherto obtained in modern his
tory. 1t was recognized with admirable
clarity of vision that II these powers
do not administer their vast RESPONSE
bilities In good faith the charter and
the world security organization will
fail; but no different arrangement or
wording Of the charter will compel that
good faith. or bring It into existence II
it does not now exist
ks4 ~
The charter does not deal with such
an IT." because all who helped to
make it know perfectly well that in
such case its main purpose win have
been defeated. The makers Of the char
ter dealt rather with the realities, with
the fact that the great powers were
present at San Francisco, that their
representatives were earnestly trying
to come to an agreement which would
be satisfactory to all, that the interests
Of every power and every people there
represented were deeply involved In the
successful completion of the charter
and In the execution Of its basic pur.
poses.
Had this not been so, they would not
have been present. Had any govern
ment, any people been convinced that
its best interests would have been served
by having no charter, by making no
pledges, then the obvious course would
have been to stay away, to take no
part In procedure which was OPP
posed to the national interests.
(Copyright 1s46.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-06-26
Coquyon Cumpuiqn

News of the brilliant action staged
by American-led Filipino guerrillas
who have pierced to the very heart
of the japanese positions in the
Cagayan Valley presages the COM
pletion of campaign which should
rank high in our military annals.
Although overshadowed by the san
culinary death-grapple on Okinawa
the simultaneous operations on
Northern Luzon have been tactically
even more difficult and strategically
of major importance.
When General Macarthur invaded
the central fatlands of Luzon with
overwhelming strength. the Japa-
nese withdrew the bulk of their
forces to the northern highlands, a
block of rough mountains easy to
defend. In addition, these japanese
were close to their stronghold of
Formosa. less than 200 miles from
APART, the port on Luzon's northern
tip, and might hope for aid and a
possible chance to evacuate in the
last extremity.
Secluded in the center of this
mountain wilderness runs the Ca
gayan Valley, opening on the sea at
Aparri. This green ribbon of rich
land, guarded by towering ranges
running up to nearly 10000 feet
gave the japanese both an excellent
line of communications and store
house of foodstuffs. Until it was
pierced, the japanese position was
impregnable and our hold on Luzon
could not be consolidated.
Fully three months ago. our forces
began the arduous task of breaking
through the mountains to the Ca
gayan Valley. It was emphatically
an engineers war" fought through
a succession of narrow defiles, deep
gorges, razor-backed ridges and
mountain peaks swathed in constant
clouds. Roads had to be built, guns
hauled onto lofty heights. and sup
plies delivered through dank jungle,
slippery mud and flashing rains. The
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-06-26
SHUTS on the Charter

clelQ Marshal Jan CnrlSClaan
SHUTS was emphatically the nestor
| of the San Francisco Conference.
His is personality as unique as it
is outstanding in our present-day
world. In the full plenitude of
his intellectual powers, despite his
Seventy-six years, he furnished the
conference the benefit of a rich ex-
| perience gained during an extraor-
dinarily varied career. Starting as
military leader in the Boer repub-
lies in their heroic but vain struggle
against Britain nearly half CEN
fury ago. he subsequently became
Prime Minister of the Union of South
Africa and still later entered the
exalted circle of elder statesmen of
that very empire which he had orig
inally opposed. 1t was during this
evolution in craftsmanship that he
played prominent part in the YER
sailles Conference and the drafting
of the Covenant of the League of
Nations which was intended to set
the pattern for a new and better
world after the last war. Indeed, he
is the only living link between the
trainers OF that initial experiment
in world cooperation and the Sec
ond attempt at San Francisco, a
quarter century later. There he
played a prominent part, not only
as the author of the preamble to the
new world charter but perhaps even
more as veteran adviser behind the
scenes.
Out of the wealth of his wisdom
and practical achievement, Marshal
SHUTS now gives us his impressions
of the conference and his verdict on
the charter in a special statement
to the Associated Press. That state
ment is couched in a judicially opti-
mistic vein. He begins by comparing
the League Covenant with the pres
ent charter. showing how the con-
ference tried to avoid the Covenants
shortcomings in the light of a quar-
ter century of bitter experience. The
second conflict having proved that
public opinion and economic sane
tons are not enough to avert ag-
erosion, the charter realistically
acknowledges that force is neces-
sary to maintain peace" and that,
while the smaller nations should
pledge their limited strength and
regional defensive groups may USE
fully take local action, only the
combined force of the great powers
can guarantee the world against
total war, and therefore great power
unity is a necessary condition of
world peace"
From this frankly realistic stand
point Marshal SHUTS defends the
great power preponderance in the
charter and the broad veto powers
intrusted to them, which he thinks
will not be abused. He likewise calls
attention to collateral agencies es-
tablished under the charter, such
as the economic and social council,
intended to ameliorate or remove
inequitable conditions from which
wars tend to spring.
Marshal SHUTS concludes with the
following trenchant phrases: 1.-THE
charter wisely mixes realism with
idealism and suggests practical lines
along which the vision of better
world may be realized. All that
remains for us is to use it as an
instrument of good will and good
faith with which to bind our peoples
together for the great tasks of peace
and welfare that lie ahead. Surely
great milestone along the path of
human progress"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-06-26

matter before the American people and
II possible, force the issue.
The State Department Is worried over
the whole Middle Eastern problem, with
its many explosive potentials. While 1t
is not opposed to Jewish home in Pal
estine, 1t Is reluctant to take steps which
might create additional difficulties with
the British.
The whole area from the Dardanelles
to the Indian border is seething. Be-
sides the Turkish Russian dispute over
control Of the straits, which is expected
to reach climax this summer, there
are a number Of other factors which
might make the situation in the Near
and Middle East highly explosive.
The Arabs are definitely opposed to
a Jewish home in Palestine, which they
regard as an Arab land. The recent diff
flculties with the French in the Levant
have caused an increasing restlessness
among the millions of Arabs throughout
the Middle East.
At present secret conversations are
going on between Paris and London
The French expect them to result in
a compromise, whereby the British will
agree to the establishment of Frances
influence in Lebanon and Syria un-
der the guise of apparent freedom for
both these states, while in fact the
strings of government would be pulled
from Paris.
Whatever agreement may be reached,
however, would be subject to the ap-
prevail of the Arab peoples themselves.
No longer can London and Paris dictate
their will to the people Of the Middle
East. The Arabs now feel that they
have power and will demand the west
ern nations stick by their international
obligations.
The Levant situation has entered an
apparent lull. But Britain is aware that
any outside spark, such as the injecting
of the question Of Jewish home in
Palestine, might start of a series OF
amending troubles in the Arab world
And Great Britain is neither prepared
nor willing to face major political trou-
bles there at this time.
For the time being Mr. Churchill is
believed to lean toward the Arabs, since
the millions who live In the Middle East
have the power of creating physical
troubles for the British Empire, while
the Jews can only be vociferous by pro-
testing against pledges which have not
been fulfilled,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-06-26
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

SAN FRANCISCO.-The world will
now assay the charter which has been
brought forth bv the United Nations
Conference. 1t will doubtless be attacked
and criticized because it lacks this or
that. Its most ardent advocates will
not claim 1t is perfect document, pro-
viding perfect machinery for world adj
vancement and peace. But they can
with justice say that it is both an i'm
provement over the League of Nations
and over the Dumbarton Oaks proposals.
1t will have one prime advantage over
the old league. If all goes as now ex-
pected. 1t will have the adherence of
all the great nations. as well as the
medium and small nations, of the world.
1t can be made to work, however, only
il these ENTHUSIASTICALLY the United
States. Britain and Russia-live up to
the pledges their Representatives made
when they signed the document.
1t would be folly to believe that all the
United Nations, by joining in this or
ganization. have abandoned their ma
tional aspirations. These aspirations
and national interests collided q num-
Der OF times during the consideration
and draft of the charter. They have
not been obliterated by the agreement
here reached. But if they are kept
within bounds, If the nations are guided
by a real desire for world peace and
advancement, this organization may
become tremendous blessing to man
kind.
The setup within the organization is
logical, so far as it was possible to 60.
Two fundamental aspects of the charter
have been described with great clarity
by the Bolivian Ambassador to the
United States, Victor Andradde. chair
man of one of the important conference
committees.
He said: THE assembly, as the SUI
preme representative body of the world,
is to establish the principles on which
world peace and the ideal of solidarity
must rest; and, on, the other hand. the
security council is to act in accordance
with those principles and with the speed
necessary to prevent any attempted
breach Of international peace and secu-
rity. In other words the former is
creative body and the latter an organ
OF action"
In as large measure as possible these
40 main bodies Of the organization
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-06-26
Germany's Future

oSi HldHy IutuTS
To the Editor of The Star:
Bernard Baruch wants to DESTROY
Germanys heavy industry and to con-
troll her exports and imports 80 that
she will not obtain enough economic
power to be military threat again.
But while control of exports and i'm
ports unquestionably is desirable, the
destruction Of heavy industry is pretty
dubious.
I think the best way to treat Ger
many is to absorb her into q federal
state for Western Europe.
Such policy would allow the inte-
grafton of the German economy east of
the Oder River, in Austria and b.
hernia, with the rest of Western Eu-
rope as 1t has been in part during the
war, and it would strengthen political
freedom and free productive industry
in the west, where, otherwise, it may
be so weak as to fall into socialism or
communism by default. While it would
be absurd to build an anti-Russian
bloc in Western Europe. 1t is in our
interest to give all aid possible to gen.
uine prodemocratic forces there and to
guide most of Germany into the demo-
cratic camp.
QUINTIN M. SANGER.
Differs With Poland Editorial
To the Editor Of The Star:
With reference to your leading edi-
torial Of June Is entitled '"Test OF
Justice" I beg to point out that, in
your appraisal of the case OF the 16
Polish underground leaders, you have
neglected two important points.
1t Is my understanding that the
Poles CD entered Russia under a safe
conduct and ca were cloaked with
diplomatic immunity.
Therefore, 1t would not be reason
able and normal procedure" to try per-
sons enjoying extraterritorial status;
nor are you correct in averring that
the course pursued "is parallel to our
own practice" Nothing could be fur
Their removed from American diplo-
matte performance. Trial procedure is
irrelevant, Of course, In a case such as
this where no jurisdiction exists.
CLARENCE B. HEWES.
Editors Note: The Star did not
neglect" the two points made by Mr..
Hewes. 1t Is not aware that his claims,
In this respect. have been established)
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-10-09
Real Estate
Houses For Sale
c. Peet

Harry {. Peet
10 Pearl 81 NN1'0Ph on. 1871
2S ROOM modern apartment house,
7 apartments. two fireplaces, new
ly painted exterior, interior halls
and some rooms newly painted ana
papered. Apartments furnished ex-
Cept caretaker's apartment. Large
basement, two furnaces. Right par
~ can make good income out OF
this property. Ideal location near
stores and Normal on West Cross
st. Reasonable price with furni-
ture. Terms.
JOHNSON ST. s room bungalow.
stairs 10 attic. garage, nice lawn,
garden space In rear. Price i2,650.
Terms.
WEST CROSS ST. Mosern 10 room
house. fireplace, hardwoododloors
interior newly decorated, painted
and paptred. Two car garage.
Large rooms, Located across street
from Normal College. Stores near
by. Priced 10 sell. Terms, or will
rent TO right party. Immediate
possession.
NORTH HAMILTON ST. near High
School, 9 room modern house, large
rooms, $3.50. Terms.
8 ROOM modern semi-bungalow, eN-
terror newly painted. attractive
house. Price $1,000. Terms.
EAST SIDE bungalow, rooms and
utility room, complete bath. inlaid
linoleum in bathroom and kitchen.
Hardwood floors. Nice built-in
cupboards with inlaid llnoleum.
Plastered walls. Garage with GEM
ent floor. Picket fence around lot.
s4,150. Terms $1,000 down. i3j
month.
WEST SIDE. high class large house.
downstairs living room, library,
dining room, kitchen. breakfast
room, refrigerator room, lavatory,
sun porch. vestlbule and two clos
cts, hardwood floors, upstairs has
six bedrooms, complete bath with
tile floor, linen closet. full attic.
with stairs, II ~. ass II. with
orchard. garage, reasonable price,
terms.
NEAR BOMBER PLANT on Devon
shire ST. room house. t2,5oo.
Terms.
NORTH PROSPECT ST. 10 room
modern house. new furnace, auto
matte control, large lot, fruit trees,
$4,000. Terms
HOLMES RID c room modern house.
hardwood floors, complete bath,
inlaid linoleum in bathroom near
~ new garage, price $3.50. Terms.
ADAMS ST. Near High School. 9
room modern house, 5 rooms and
bath downstairs, rooms and bath
upstairs. $4,000. Terms.
EAST SIDE 10 acres, house with
bath, car garage, woods, creek,
acres corn, $4,000. Terms.
SMALL COTTAGE on Pasadena st.
near Holmes Rd. $3.50. Terms.
STEWART ST. Near Ford Plant, &
room house, nearly new hardwood
floors. large lot, new property,
{4,250. Terms.
40 ACRES 80 acres cleared, 6 room
house, 10 acres woods, chicken
house, barn, $1,000. Terms. Good
buildings.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-10-09
APPOINTMENT
OF ADMINIsTRAToR

NO. 54Ss4
STATE OF MICHIGAN. The Pro-
bate Court for the County of Wash
tenaw.
At a session OF said Court held at
the Probate office in the City Of
Ann Arbor. in said County, on the
18th day OF September. A. d. 1915.
Present, Hon JAY G. PRAY, Judge
Of Probate.
In the Matter OF the Estate of
Floyd D, Crane, Deceased
Edith NJ. Crane having filed
IN said Court her petition praying
that the administration OF said es-
tate be granted TO Edith n. Crane.
or to some other suitable person.
1t IL Ordered, that the 22nd day of
October, A. d. l945, at ten o'clock
in the forenoon, at said Probate Of
flee. be and is hereby appointed for
hearing said petition.
II Is Further ordered, That public
notice thereof be given by publica-
ton OF q copy OF this order. once
each week for three successive
weeks previous to said day OF hear
ing. in the Ypsllanti Daily Press, .
newspaper printed and circulated in
said County.
JAY @. PRAY,
Judge OF Probate.
A true copy
Nora o. BorEert,
Register Of Probate
Adv s-lo0q