davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily monitor leader., 1945-12-11
Worlds Most
DeadIyp Poison
Is Revealed
Gvussom,e Tests
Reported in Probe
Of 'Cortels'

WASHINGTON. Dec. LIN
Senators heard from . mili-
tary government official today
that Germany developed tlte
deadliest poison gas in tho
world" by testing 1t On eoncon-
tration camp inmates.
The testimony came from Col.
Bernard Bernstein, director -
the division Of cartels and a..
ternal assets. u. s. military gov.
ernment in Germany. He subj
mitted a statement to q SenA4o
Military subcommittee headed
by Senator Kilgore (D-WVal.
Bernstein also offered whAt
he said was . German denial e
Standard Oil Company ot New
| Jersey contention that the Unit
ed States benefited, rather thoA
suffered, through STANDARD. I ploE
xar re3atiuns win Ne nig @ o
man dye trust. !. g. Farbsni ~
dustrie.
Bernstein testified: 4
MOST DEADLY
Our investigation has 01s
closed that an I. G. Farbon ~
ficial at Wuppertal- E1be11o11 4
developed the deadliest poiooQl
gas in the world. This gas, un-s
known to the military authorf
ties of the Allied nations, could
have penetrated any gas mask ins
existence.
Il. G. originally carried out
its poison gas experiments nnss
monkeys; later on human be-i
ings. These gases were noti
only used on helpless peop1u}
during the stages Of experimGn-
tation, but were later used with I
full knowledge and acQuieors
cence on the part Of Farben tos
exterminate whole groups hi
concentration camps such -
Auschwitz."
PROBE CARTELS
The Senate hearing u direc1-s
ed at the question Of cartelsy ocf
international agreements amon0I; !;
companies a. 70 the division 81
world markets and The 60
change Of technical informattgn.
In this connection. Bssnsto1n
said: !
I. G. Farben's cartel Agro0-
ments numbered over 1000 an1
included agreements with snoA{ {
major industrial coneorno ont
Standard Oil (Nsw Jersey), T1of
Aluminium Company Of Amogt.
ca, e. l. Du Pont Dc NemoueA 4
Ethyl Export Corporation, IL
perial Chemical Industx1Qo I
(Great Brittany, The Dow ChoGn5
ical Company, Rohm and 31aoo
ESTABLISHMENTS Kuh ! ma Nh
(France) and the lditsui lntoceS 1
ests of Japan. -
DEFENDS POSITION
In IN article = which 81
peared in the Petroleum Tim "
for December 2S. 1o13, NJ
T. Haslam Of Standard on Co.
pany Of New Jerssy dolnQ
Standard Oils relationshipe ~
/. G. Farben. &. IS
He stated that the boor1 y
brought to AmericA 1Epm 0ogS v
many is years ago by Amesio11 4
scientists have besu tlnE1o1 11t
See NAzIS-R1Ooio i &
The daily monitor leader., 1945-12-11
SAFETY OF PROPOSED BRIDGE STUDIED
Supervisors Eye Flo cd Controls

Commission submit q report"
on the bridge project. its suit
ability and commendability.
Kalahar reiterated his request
Monday.
The road commission approv-
ed the state bridge plan, but
made no report or written COM
ment.
Harper re-opened the subject
when he said he had been ap-
preached by various Harrison
Township residents who feared
See SUPERvlSORSPAgo 3
The daily monitor leader., 1945-12-11
Truman Prepares
Merger.MeSSage

WASHINGTON, Dec. IL -
R - President Truman is now
working on a message to Con-
gress outlining his views on pro-
posals to merge the Army and
Navy into a single department.
Press Secretary Charles G.
Ross told reporters today that he
thought the message would 60 to
Capitol Hill before the Christ
mas recess begins.
The daily monitor leader., 1945-12-11

Open Every Night I'll 3 =. NJ.
priehs Mercantile Co.
The daily monitor leader., 1945-12-11
Wife Reaches Gen. Patton s
Bedside; Voices Optimism

HEIDELBERG Germany Dec. IL - l4o - Mrs. George S.
Patton expressing confidence that her husbands fighting
carry through recovery arrived the
hospital a
The daily monitor leader., 1945-12-11

II your friends In Jail and needs
Bail, Phone ls77, John Mitchell.
The daily monitor leader., 1945-12-11

Open Every Night il 3 p RI.
Priehs Mercantile CO.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-04-20
I'M CROWISM AND WAR

In 194S of Negro Seabes Caribbean naval
dshonoaby discharged from the they
Crow practices the This charged "vng
radical IDEAS naval board however,
judgment in decision which regarded milestone fight
against racial discrimination in the armed forces
The brought appeal spoke up response
invitation by their commanding officer their
ance On discharge they lost their mungu other
ans rights and have had difficulty obtaining civilian
account of this black mark against them.
Meanwhile War department
another black mark that from racial prejudice
entire Negro division recently unary
fire the Italian front The statement
patrols guilty. that the division itself still holding
successfully that
for additional training.
Of the Negroes adds from southern
where educational facilities Negroes sadly
this account few of them failed to keep with the
training schedule and consequently missed points
subsequent cackup therefore Indictment either them
Of their traces back often the conditions
which Negroes have control-St. Paul Pioneer Press
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-04-20
A Friend "A Soldier Falls

death of Franklin D. Roosevelt Thursday April 12 1916,
worlds millions beings than that
other in modern times.
Of all the divisions the human family who his loss
felt keeny than the thirteen million American Negroes The
peoples this held other public figure black white
high esteem unless his wife, Eleanor Ann Roosevelt
searching through the discover why Roose
great the modern American Negro citizen
that great factor Roosevelt made the Negro feel
his native land For the first decades the
Negro felt he of the American scheme When Roose
s Americans Negroes felt he them too that
recognized their contributions Americas greatness At
opportunity the President firm his effort include the
Negro possible often defiance those who would reegate
him to the status of secondclass citizenship.
Of all the revolutionary changes which stered by Roosevelt
than his of the
Negro through the activity Mrs. Roosevelt This meeting
two lofty minds of the worlds most famous and the subsequent
results felt by the owliest of the "litte people"
When the of the Presidents death flashed to
the world the grief the Negro people profound Wherever
looked the public the privacy the
Negro faces bore signs loss Strong
seldom known exhibit openly their emotions when
the full import of the tragedy the country
world, fully realized.
Roosevelt probably during the last election campaign
that to continue the presidency with its killing wartime responsible
tes would shorten his life But courageuy he his
fate just like the soldiers who approach the AS commandern
Chief he led his forces until victory sight, like other soldiers
who advance bravey the he his life his country
and the world which loved him
Someone should remind the Correspond
Association Negro of daily help pay
salaries.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-04-20

If Jewish leaders and those en-
ightened persons of the Jewish
race, who are sincerely seeking to
bring about greater understand
ing between the two races, in which
the common bonds of friendship
and unity will be stressed, actually
studied the matter and took prac-
teal steps to eliminate certain
practices, they would find that
making common cause with the
Negro on a variety of subjects
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-04-20

By Lieut.. Andrew HartshOrn
When God built the universe,
He made the earth from pole to
pole.
And the very last thing he gave to
it,
Was Mans immortal soul.
Adam ate the forbidden fruit,
And this sin has taken it's toll.
But with this sin upon his head,
Man still has his immortal soul.
The floods came in Noah's time,
And took everything the earth did
hold.
But at. the end of those rainy days,
Stood man with his immortal soul.
God gave his only Son to a world
Of sin,
Of this the Angels told.
That Christ was born upon the
earth,
To redeem that immortal soul.
Wars will come and wars will go,
Taking mans life and his gold.
But, even evil with all it's might,
Cannot destroy mans immortal
soul.
Now don't you think it's time, my
friend
To fix your eyes on your goal,
A life of peace and sacrifice here,
For eternal happiness to your i'm
mortal soul.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-04-20


gness to discredit all cultural
rican Negroes either as nom
responses employed by them
facts changed any by an intepre-
tation, as yet INFESTED, of why we
are thus and so? Surely we are not
so frightened nor our friends so in
secure in their faith of our es-
sential worth as human beings that
the facts about US must be denied.
These are questions that arise
chiefly in discussions with the in
tellectuals of both races who may
be well grounded in economics, poll
tics, law or science, but know moth
ing about sociology and anthro-
pology and profess to have no re-
spect for these fields. One can
only hope that they will become
less rigid in their self-satisfaction.
Their knowledge will be enhanced,
not contaminated, by information
concerning the social sciences.
The nature of the personality of
Negroes is put dramatically into
issue by the Times March 81 re-
view of Richard Wright's new au-
photography, "Black Boy" Mr..
Wright, whose skill as an author
often stays criticism of his ideas,
presents the Negro as completely
brutalized by oppression. He doubts
the validity of any genuine emo
tons in the Negro people, doubts
that they have ever "been allowed
to catch the full spirit of Western
civilization" Of course the boys
of the 92nd Division in combat in
northern Italy are catching some of
it and most Of US have an oppor-
tunity to catch quite a lot on the
home front, war or no war. The
full spirit Of Western civilization
contains as much brutality as it
does a tradition of love and hope.
Perhaps we reflect most the
values we have come to know
best. But it is dangerous to as
sert that hate and savagery in Ne
groes are based on lack Of accultu-
ration. The white and Negro
worlds are not that far apart. The
Negro people, even the most print
tive peasant folk of the rural
South and those who have paid the
high social costs of urbanization,
are not without hope, not without
human dignity. The stereotypes
assigned by our oppressors are
damaging enough. That Richard
Wright, perhaps our most gifted
writer, should strip US clean of all
feeling is a greater injury. Some
where in between these two ex-
tremes is a courageous people MAX
ing a creditable adjustment to a
difficult situation.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-04-20

would give both races more
strength than they ever dreamed.
However, the habit in the cur
rent manner of going about things
in the associations of interracial
intercourse, namely, to have repre-
sentatives of both groups talk to
each other as though they were
natural enemies, but conversing
under the white flag of truce, can
and has done more harm than any
thing else to the hope of complete
Jewish-Negro understanding.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-04-20

the primary campaign Tuesday night and
pulling punches and the combination
and brany head makes him speaker who
listen He has real devotion the
for the little fellow Evidence
democratic beliefs again the week his
the conditions which breed the sandaous Anemm
into the open in Minneapolis.
hs tragic display of requires more
than the superficial treatment additional police
Humphrey said ut requires unified community program
based recognition of the ideals democracy
person accepted human being with dignity
worth, regardless of race, creed color"
Leaders who talk fortnight courageous like that are
needed today befOre-Hennepm County Review.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-04-20
Letters
Soldier Says ROOsevelt's
Life Symbol of Democracy
Fl Relvoir- VIRGINIA

Soldier Says ROOsevelt's
Life Symbol of Democracy
Fl. Belvoir, Virginia
April 10, 1916.
Editor: Roosevelt, our beloved
president, is dead.
To all, his life will always be a
symbol of democracy.
We will not long remember his
death here, but we will never for
get what he did here.
He stood firm to his post till
God, his COMMANDMENTS Chief, re-
ieved him of all duty. Our presi-
dent, as thousands of our boys,
died a good soldier. I pray that
those deaths have not been in vain;
that this world will be a better
place to live.
Lest we forget their daring and
deeds which kept freedoms flag
unfurled and saved mans hopes
from depotism's dust, let US pledge
our knowledge and skill to the
benefit and prosperity of all.
That this nation so conceived and
so dedicated shall stand as a SYM
boil to the world as true democracy.
They died for such. Let US, the liv-
ing, live it and practice it.
T/Sgt. Talmage Cary, Jr.,
Fl. Belvoir, Virginia.
April 10, 1916.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-04-20

O11S VI LIIS 1S4u1I S11lC1lLS
liberal appears to be a willin
differences evidenced by Anne
existent, or as false, superficis
only in the presence of prejudiced
white people. One must be willing
to agree that Negroes are exactly
like white people of their same
economic and cultural level, or one
must say that their seemingly diff
ferent manner of laughing or paint
ing or dancing is just a defense
mechanism. The purists, white and
Negro, will have it no other way.
All who attempt to mention facts
are accused by them of subscribing
to the stereotypes set up by the
advocates of white supremacy.
Of course, Negroes don't clap
hands and sing all day long, as the
good old Southern legend goes.
Neither are they completely bitter,
full of hate and hopelessness, which
they tend to express as soon as the
white mans back is turned and
even say in front Of him If they
look upon him as a friend. Negroes
have lived, in varying intensity, in
a very special environment, having
both physical and mental dimen-
sions. They have been affected by
their experiences. The Marxists say
it is all a question Of jobs and in
come. The behavioristic psycholo-
gists are inclined to go along with
them. Redistribute the wealth and
equalize the environment, they say,
and you will have nation of SIM
liar beings, each one a carbon copy
Of his fellow citizen, regardless of
race, creed or nationality.
Whether or not American Ne
groes would have personalities just
like white Americans if there were
no race problem is a matter of
speculation. Certainly human per-
sonality is related to intelligence,
but is related to other factors also.
Why can we not discuss the diff
ferences among people without
necessarily imputing inequalities ?
If we have not reached this level
of intellectual maturity, then we
are very far indeed from solutions.
The cultural facts, as for example,
that Negroes have developed a
different kind of music and rhythm,
a different way Of singing, an art
and wit with different character
istics, are facts that may be OBJ
served, examined and, If one is re-
Taxed enough, enjoyed.
What if we do these things just
to confound white people, behaving
only one way if they are around and
another only if they are not? What
If all that we do is just a way to
get along in a tough world-an
escapism and defense? Are the
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-04-20

The poem, "Man's Immortal
Soul" submitted by Mrs. Esther
Brown, was written by Lieut.. An
drew Hartshorn while he was serv-
ing in England. Mr.. Hartshorn re-
Gently received a medical discharge.
He and his wife, Ruth, reside at
256 Rondo, st. Paul. His mother,
Mrs. Viola Hartshorn, lives at 44S
st. Anthony.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-04-20
FRIEND
(Tribute to Franklin Delano Roosevelt)

Tribute to Franklin Delano Roosevelt)
He never knocked upon my door
Or crossed my humble sill,
And yet he sat before my fire,
In spirit took family part;
He never took my hand in his
And yet knew as great thrill;
He called me friend upon the air,
And lived forever in my heart.
We never met upon the street.
Where we might pass the time of day,
He sat high on a mighty seat,
And faced the crises great and grim,
Yet had the time to think of me,
Shaped small, and took step my way,
Though things and distance interviewed,
And thus, grew akin to him.
He never knew me by a name,
Winston, Joe, John or such,
And yet he cared so much about
The way earned my daily bread,
He gave his words and acts for me,
His great human, personal touch,
That while he lived might feel free
From all my erstwhile fear and dread.
He never knew me by my race,
By my color, or by my creed,
He looked on all with gentle grace,
And thought in terms of human need.
He helped me win back self-respect,
His warm bright faith made trouble thaw,
Where once leaned walked erect,
I felt secure within Friend never saw.
James T. Logan.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-04-20
Texas FornilY Fight Portends Power
For NEGROES

Recent publicity which has exposed another Texas family fight
which ended the oustg of Dr. Homer Price Rainey president OF
the University of Texas opportunity for Texas
Negroes the of their collective voting strength
Dr. Raney LIBERAL has been asked to become candidate for
While he has said neither has announced that
he will lead fight Governor Coke R. Sevensons politics.
Raney Sevenson opponent could bocs of
votes from several minority the Negro being the largest Negro
payments poll already large year expected
will be time Supreme ruling
Democratic primaries that Negroes will have full chance
take in the nominations.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-04-20

the Negro in the neighborhood
takes his troubles; to the Jewish
butcher goes the Negro seeking
credit for small purchases, and so
on down the line. The degree of
affability is enhanced by the every
day working out of living together
amicably Of these two un-alike
people.
The affinity that the Negro feels
with the Jew is surprising and
would be extremely surprising to
the Jew himself if he actually knew
how close the average Negro feels
towards him. Of course, there is
the element of jealousy that exists,
among all people and that is COM
mon among Negroes who think the
Jew is taking all his money with
him helpless to stop him, and this
jealousy is best seen in discussions
of the Jew on the street corner or
in the pool room where those who
come in contact with him most pro-
fessionally relate their experiences
and let loose their squawks.
Hardest hit by a squawker are
those Jews who are in the enter
tainment business, whether as
theatre owners or managers and
booking agents for bands, acts, and
performers-they catch hell. They
are roundly abused, dissected, put
together, and broken up again in
long talks by the people they
handle. Yet the record shows these
very Negroes who do the loudest
bowling seldom, if ever, leave the
management of the Jewish agent
with whom they have been identi-
fed. There are cases on record
where Negro orchestra leaders,
singers, dancers, and others have
been managed by the same person
for as long as twenty years and,
while these people will talk glibly
and loudly how they have been
robbed, they show no inclination to
pick up and leave.
All this points to a healthy state
upon which real unity can be built
by the Negro and the Jewish peo-
pie. The thing that inks the Negro
most about the Jew, aside from his
alleged sharp trading practices, is
a tendency of the Jew, once he gets
on his feet, to look the other way
when the Negro with whom he has
been associated in former times
comes by. This is not really a
Jewish trait and should not be
ascribed as such. It is common to
most Of US, when we get a new
coat, hat, shoes, cane and gloves,
to walk on the other side of the
street if we can get over there and
ignore the fellows with whom we
were close pals when our feet were
on the ground and we had patches
in our pants.
In the case of the Jews, it is a
sensitive point with Negroes be-
cause of the difference in color. The
Negro, who cusses out one of his
own who goes snooty, secretly ad-
mires him and feels it necessary
to go to his rescue if said Negro
is mistreated by people Of another
race. However, he does not feel
the same way about the Jew who
gets prosperous and retires COM
pletely from the Negro scene upon
which he built his fortune.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-04-20

publicly to air his views on the
To get around being called anti
Semitic and, at the same time,
bring into the open the ramifica-
lions of the question, one has to be
somewhat careful in the use of
words as well as bit reckless in
walking where angels fear to tread.
Right now the Negro is being
pressed on all sides by other min
ority groups which wish to make
common cause with him in these
difficult times when cooperation
among minority groups for unity
and strength are necessary to ad-
vance the aspirations and aims of
such groups.
I think American minorities,
such as Jews, Italians, Irish, and
Germans, really have the secret
envy of the Negro because of his
possession of the one thing that
all of them lack. The Negro is a
native American-not foreign-born
as are many of the others. The
American Negro, being native to
the soil, were he white, could CAPT
talize to the fullest extent on this
link to the soil but, being black, he
has to live as a ward, more or less
tolerated through the good graces
of the white man, and the white
man is in power. Had most Jews
the prize possession of the Ameri-
can Negro, native heritage, he
would probably be the strongest
force in American life today But,
since he does not have it, there is
reason for his seeking unity and
common cause with the American
Negro.
The charges that Jews exploit
Negroes wherever they meet them
has been made ever since I can
remember and probably will con-
tinue to be made after I am dead
and gone. The exploitation charge
was based on economic dealings;
it stems from certain practices that
obtain in the poorer neighborhoods
where the small storekeeper grocer,
butcher, haberdasher, jeweler, etc.,
pitches his camp. The so-called
"sharp" driving practices of the
Jew in this connection have been so
exaggerated and played upon that
it is small wonder that there does
not exist actual hatred of him by
Negroes. The facts of the matter
are, however, Negroes don't hate
anybody. You hear professional
leaders boiler from the hilltops
that they hate this and hate that,
but, in the main, the great ma
jority of Negroes don't have the
time or the inclination to develop
healthy hates for opposite races
and most certainly, not the Jew.
However, as Negroes slowly be-
come more articulate, they attempt
to fight back against the alleged
"sharp" trading practices of the
Jew by name calling and, in some
instances, whispering campaigns.
Again, all this can be regarded as
harmless as there are few instances
where Negroes put on hoods, ride
white horses, and burn fiery crosses
in the front yards of people.
The Negro lowest down feels a
sort of kinship with the Jews that
is as natural and homely as that
which might exist between cousins.
To the Jewish grocer or druggist
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-04-20
Reader In Canada

header In Canada
Sends in Renewed
Editor: Lam enclosing a check
for the renewal of my subscription
to expire in 1916. have been read
ing the paper since it's beginning
and now it seems to me that I
can't do without it.
I think it is a wonderful paper
because it speaks out for the rights
of the minority group.
Rev. E. G. Harris, Winnipeg, Mani
toba, Canada.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-04-20
Gardner on the
Question of Anti-Semitism
Among Negroes
By Dan Gardner

Anti-Semtsm is delicate subject In fact, the term
has become almost explosive and uncomfortable Fear of be-
ing identified "Jew-baiter antiSemte has all but
banned frank discussion of the matter and would look
many days before he found professional Negro leader willing
publicly to air his views on the subject.