davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-20

After a slump during the early
depression years food production
began to increase in 1887. 1t reached
a peak in 1914. The increase was
sharpest between 1941 and 1914. BY
the latter year the output was 38
per cent above the 1935-1939 average
Further Drop Expected.
But in 1914 production of many
commodities leveled OF and started
downward. Given average weather
conditions production this year
probably will drop to 10 per cent
below last year.
Turn now to demand or consump-
ton. Like production demand start
ed rising in 1887. 1t shot up sharply
after the United States got into
the war. But unlike production,
which reached its peak last year,
the demand curve still points up
ward. The peak of the demand has
not yet been reached.
More food is required now than
at any time since the war started
There are two main reasons:
l. Military experimentation both
this country and its fighting Allies
are larger than ever before.
2. Requirements for foreign re-
lief and other export commitments
have only lately come to the fore.
Not All Declined.
All this raises the question why
has production decreased"
1t should be said at the first that
not all products are declining in pro-
duction. Notable exceptions are
cereal grains and milk.
But in the case of meat. butter
chickens, eggs, food fats and short
ening and sugar supplies are going
down.
The meat situation Is attracting
the most attention-and the bit
terest complaints.
To get a picture of how and why
the meat shortage came to pass, let,
delve into the Governments live
stock production program.
At the outset of the war. the
United States had an enormous re-
serve of grain, accumulated under
the ceremonial granary" program
. Farmers Respond.
The Government moved quickly
to convert this grain into meat, milk,
poultry, eggs and other livestock
products by feeding it to animals.
1t spurred farmers with price guar
antees and subsidized feed supplies.
Farmers responded-and how!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-20
Whites and Negroes
Fight Side by Side
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
PARIS, Mar. 2O.-For the first
time in United States Army history,
Negro and white troops now are
fighting side by side in the same
outfits in both the list and 7th
Armies, according to Stars and
Stripes.
The Army newspaper. in dis
patch from the LIST Army front, said
Negro platoons had been assigned to
rifle companies in both armies in
response to repeated requests from
the Negroes themselves for a chance
to fight for their country as well
as work for it.
The Negroes were chosen from
thousands who answered a special
appeal from the communications
zone commander, 1t. Gen. John
C. H. Lee, to service troops in his
command.
From one company of Negro en-
giners, Ill men out of 1876 volun-
teered. In a quartermaster laundry
company 100 out of 260 volunteered
but only SO were allowed to go.
Stars and Stripes said about 2,50C
volunteers in all had been accepted
Two platoons were in one company
which crossed the Roer and helped
take Dueren.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-20
On the Roll Of Honor

United States a week ago and Is now
in an Army hospital at Richmond,
Va.
Pfc. Joseph C. Mason, "a, whose
wife, Mrs. Mildred L. Mason, lives at
81 Adams street NV, was wounded
February in Luxembourg, the War
Department announced. He was
born in Richmond, Va, and attend
ed the public schools at Roanoke,
Va. He entered the Army in Deem
Der, 1913, and went overseas with an
infantry unit Of the Sd Army last
August.
Before entering the service he was
employed by the Water Department
OF the District government. His
parents are Mr.. and Mrs. Don Ma
son, who live at the Adams street
address.
First Sergt. Lavergne NJ. Hoover,
"a, whose wife, Mrs frankie Howell
Hoover, lives at 109 South Royal
street, Alexandria, Va, and is en-
ployed at the Record Branch of the
War Department, was wounded in
action February IL in Luxembourg.
He is resident of Silver City, N.
Mex, but was stationed at Fort Bel
voir when he was married September
26, 1943. He entered the Army three
days after Pearl Harbor and went
overseas last October. Mrs. Hoover
has learned from him that he is re-
covering from his wounds in an
Army hospital in England.
Pvt. Arthur p. Cosing. jr., 1S,
whose parents live at 800 Upshur
street NV, was wounded in action
in Germany on February % and is
now in hospital overseas, his
family has been notified. They have
not received any details Of his in
jury.
Pvt. Cosing was graduated from
Central High School last June, and
while there was lieutenant of ca
diets and illustrator for the school
paper. He worked in the District
Library during school and last sum-
mer. and joined the Army last Sep
TENDER. Sent overseas four months
later, he was fighting with the 7th
Army when he was wounded. He is
native of Miami, Fla, and moved
here with his family in 1910.
CorpL Andrew NJ. Brown was
wounded in action February "a in
Germany, his parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
Andrew P. Brown. Montrose, Md,
have been informed.
Corpl. Brown has been in the
service two years and went over
seas early this year. his mother
said. He is with the 26th Infantry
Division. Corpl Brown was gradu-
ated from Richard Montgomery
High School in Rockville.
1t. Edward A. Redier. "a. whose
mother, Mrs. Sara G. Redler, is q
WAC private at Fort Meade, Md,
was wounded in January when the
plane in which he was the bonn
barber was shot down in Europe.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-20
Nazis Surprise McAuIife
By Sudden Surrender
Ey the Associated Press.

Ry the Associated Press.
WITH THE 1O3d INFANTRY
DIVISION IN GERMANY, Mar. 20.
The first Siegfried Line pillbox
taken by the 103d Infantry Division
fell yesterday to Maj. Gen. Anthony
c. McAuliffe OF Washington, and
the Germans at Bastogne could not
have been more surprised by his
famous Nuts" reply than he was
by his unexpected feat.
The LIST Battalion of the 41lth
Infantry Regiment edged into West
Wall defenses 2 miles inside Ger
many after fighter-bombers slammed
home 500-pound bombs on the near
est bunkers.
The general, with the battalion
commander, Maj. Robin c. Crouch
of Tracy City, Tenn. had walked to
within 40 feet of the apparently
deserted pillbox when a white flag
suddenly was. thrust from the firing
port.
Then IA Germans streamed out
and surrendered to Gen. McAuliffe
Maj. Crouch, the generals aide;
Capt. Ted Sterret of Belfast, Me-,
and Sergt. Everett L. OLaughlin
of Ottumwa, Iowa, reconnaissance
escort for the divisional commander
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-20

Livestock production - particularly
hogs-shot up so sharply that by the
winter of 1884 the Nations mar
kets and slaughtering facilities were
unable to handle 1t. Permit systems
were set up. requiring farmers to
hold market-ready stock until room
could be found for it at the markets.
This flood Of hogs, coupled with a
rising output of beef, was soon con-
verified into food of meat-a flood
that outstripped the rationing pro-
gram, military needs, lease-lend re-
quirements and cold storage facil-
tiles.
Faced with the possibility of
losses through spoilage, the Gov
eminent took meat OF the ration
list in the spring Of 1914.
Splurge Of Buying.
Civilians splurged. 1t is estimated
they consumed meat at a record
annual rate of nearly 100 pounds
person during the first six or
eight months of the year They
are now down to a rate of about
126 pounds. During the '3os they
averaged about 1875.
In producing this quick flow of
hogs, the country depleted its grain
reserves. This meant a sharp re-
duction In new livestock in 1914
which is being felt now in relative
famine Of pork.
Looking back. 1t is easy to see
that probably the Government s
price incentives were to favorable
Less favorable incentives would
perhaps still have brought on a
food Of hogs, but within limits of
processing and storage facilities.
This would have helped avert the
feet shortage of 1914.
And the Government could have
got more pounds Of livestock
products from the grain than it
did. It's price incentive program
encouraged farmers to feed hogs
to extra heavy weights. A billion
bushels of corn fed to hogs mar
keted at light or medium weights
will provide more pork than the
same amount of grain fed to hogs
marketed at heavy weights.
Some idea of the inefficiency OF
the program may be gained from
this ofncial estimate: Twenty five
per cent more feed was used In
1943 than 1912. but output of live
stock products increased only l:
per cent.
(Tomorrow: The surplus bogie.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-20

ported missing at Ardennes. Ger
many, last Christmas. Capt. Broy-
hill is a graduate of Fork Union
Military School in Virginia and at
tended George Washington Univer-
sity. His parents are Mr.. and Mrs
M. T. Broyhill, 1903 Lee highway,
Arlington. When Capt. Broyhill
entered the Army In February. 1912,
he was associated with his father
in the real estate and building bust
ness A brother, Pvt. Martin P.
Broyhill is with the Army in Eu-
rope.
Capt. Broyhill is brother-in-law
Of 1t. William L. Bragg, reported
wounded today.
Second 1t. Frank T. Mahlstedt,
rs. whose wife, Mrs. Irene S.
Mahlstedt, is employed in a civilian
capacity at Fort Myer and lives at
1437 Clifton street NV, is a
prisoner of war in Germany. He
was captured November "a in
France. He was born in New York
City. He enlisted in the Army in
1910 and was commissioned in 1913.
He has been wounded tyice, once at
Midway and again in France last
October. He was taken prisoner
soon after returning to the
mechanical cavalry unit to which
he was attached.
Second 1t. Fred w. Willis, jr.,
whose wife, Mrs. Patricia C. W.
Willis, formerly lived at 1922 H
street NV, is a prisoner Of the
Germans. Mrs. Willis has moved
from Washington.
1t. Col, James Lockett, formerly
Of 1909 Thirty-first street NV, is
a prisoner of Germany. His wife,
Mrs. Annie Lockett. now lives in
Brooklyn, N. Y. His parents live in
Springfield. Ohio
Previously mentioned in The Star
as prisoners of war from Washing
ton whose names appear on to-
days list are:
Pfc. Joseph T. Aravanis, whose
wife. Mrs. Catherine Aravanis, lives
at 1743 P street NV.
Sergt. Ralph E. Bates, jr., son of
Mrs. Catherine p. Bates, TIT G
street NE.
Capt. Gene L. Douglas, whose
wife, Mrs. Gladys L. Douglas. lives
at 2001 Sixteenth street NV.
Staff Sergt. Gilbert Fisher, 30l
Gallatin street NV. His wife is
Mrs. Ethyle Fisher of that address.
Pfc. George w. Love, 1923 Beecher
street NV. Mrs. Mary c. Love is
his wife
Corpl. Earl ID. Poole, formerly of
2525 Ontario road. His wife is Mrs.
Helen B. Poole.
Pfc. Donald r. Clark, 101 Frank
lin avenue. Silver Spring, Md.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-20
| Soldiers MoiIinq
Fragments
las Souvenirs
By the Associated Press.

6s lnc hesUCldtcO EicsS
LONDON, Mar. 20.-Americans
soon will be receiving their first W.
rockets-but they will come in frag-
ment form and by mail from SOU
venir- collecting soldiers.
United States servicemen have
been killed and injured by the V-2s
American soldiers also have played
important roles as volunteer rescue
workers. After helping dig out men,
women and children the GIs secured
the area for fragments, but until
now they couldn't even mention in
their settlers that they had the sou
venirs.
The relaxing of censorship to per-
nit mention of the fact that rockets
have sometimes exploded in the
London area now allows the soldiers
= send the souvenir packages home.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-20
500, 900 Dutch EnsIaved,
News Agency Head Says

Germany is using 100000 to l.
100000 Hollanders as slave laborers
and only 100000 of the Neither
lands 100000 people have been
liberated by the Allies, Arnold Vos
Dias, head of the Aneta News
Agency in New York, said today in
addressing the Early Birds Break
fast Club meeting at the Willard
Hotel.
Ocean salt from floods caused by
the Nazis has seeped into our soil
negating its fertility for some time
to come" the Dutch newspaperman
said.
Mr.. vos Dias said the Germans
denied food to the Dutch and even
removed tons IF supplies from the
country when the people refused to
run the railroads for them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-20
Williams 'TaIkathon
May Bring Motion 10
liable Nomination
By the Associated Press.

ds tne Ak8Ocldted Presg.
A talkathon that participants
insisted Is not a filibuster started
irked opponents on q hunt today
for means of forcing a vote on
the Aubrey Williams nomination.
Their best bet appeared to be
motion by Senator Mcclellan, Demo-
crat, Of Tennessee to lay the vii.
liams nomination for rural electri.
fication administrator on the table.
When the Senate lays 4 nomina-
ton on the table, 1t usually stays
there and the nominee gets no job.
But the fly in that particular oint-
ment is that the Mcclellan motion,
like the nomination. itself, Is de-
batable.
Lucas May Talk = Week.
And Senator Lucas, Democrat, Of
Illinois, who wants Mr.. Williams
confirmed even If he doesn't want
vote on the matter just now,
showed no signs Of wearyins Of the
discussion he carried on for four
hours yesterday.
Are you filibustering?" q report
er asked Senator Lucas.
NO" the Illinois Senator replied,
but may have to talk week"
Even some of Mr.. williams
stanchest supporters said the noni-
nee can't be confirmed now. Few
of them thought any delay would
increase his chances. But Senators
Lucas and Ellender, Democrat. of
Louisiana said the Senate ought to
know some good things about Mr..
Williams as well as the bad things
they declared were said about him
before the Agriculture Committee.
Hatch Sides With Them.
Senator Hatch. Democrat, Of New
Mexico sided with them and when
the Republicans walked out IN q
body to attend luncheon for q new
member, Senator Young, Republic
can, of North Dakota, Senator
Hatch brought them back at inter-
walls with quorum calls.
Senator Connally, Democrat, Of
Texas, who is against Mr.. williams
but wants to get action on the
proposed United Saskatchewan
water treaty, was q little discour-
aged. He said it might be . week
before the Senate gets back to the
treaty, which members laid aside
by a 52-to-33 vote yesterday to take
I'D MI. williams nomination.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-20

b y W h a { W e
know now, to
civilians in 1914.
Q. In planning
this years pro-
duction, officials.
operated on the
belief that the
war in Europe
would end in
1914.
To understand
how and why
shortages have
developed, let's
first e x a m | n e
the food situa-
ton in broad
general terms.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-20

He was born in New York City and
attended Mohegan Military Acad-
envy. He went into the Army in
January, 1913, and went overseas
last August after being commits
stoned at Carlsbad, N. Mex.
Pvt. McGregor A. Conliffe, 81, of
1916 Fourth street NV, member
of ground crew in the AAF, suf-
fered multiple burns in a gasoline
explosion on New Guinea, his par
ents, Mr.. and Mrs. G. C. Conliffe
said His mother. Mrs. Conliffe, said
today Pvt. Conliffe, who was in
the South Pacific at the time the
telegram was received, has since
returned to the United States and
is now at a hospital at Fort
Thomas, KY.
Pvt Conliffe was born in Wash
ington and is a graduate of Dunbar
High School. He worked at the
Pentagon until he entered the serv-
ice in July, 1913, in the AAF. He
went overseas to New Guinea in
March, 1914.
A brother, Flying Cadet Calvin
Conliffe, AAF, ID, is stationed at
Keesler Field, Miss.
Corpl. Sylvester Kolpack, "a, grcsnd
machine gunner, 5th Army Air
Force, son of Mrs. Fred Kolpack,
3714 Twelfth street NV, was
wounded in action last August in
the Southwest Pacific.
A graduate of St. Mary's School,
Corpl. Kolpack entered the service
in December, 1912. He went over
seas 10 months ago. Before enter
ing the service he was painter. He
is now recuperating at the Army
Air Forces Convalescent Hospital
Fort Thomas, KY.
Pfc. Ray Goodwin, 20. son of Mr.
and Mrs. Ernest w. Goodwin, 1701
Euclid street NV, was wounded
February % on Two Jima. He is a
native of Tennessee and attended
Powell Junior High School here be-
fore entering the Marine Corps
Pvt. Goodwin has been overseas two
years. He has brother, Corpl.
C. o. Goodwin, with the Army Air
Corps in Europe.
Pfc. Joseph william Wagner, jr.
"a, 10th Arrnored Division, son OF
Mrs. Emma Whitaker, 812 D street
Sc, was wounded in action, March
9, with Gen. Patton's Army in
Batsogne, his mother has been mott
fed.
A graduate of Mckinley Tech High
School. Pfc. Wagner entered the
Army in July, 1914 He went over
seas in December, 1914. Prior to his
induction he was employed as g
machinist at the Navy Yard. His
wife, Mrs. Dolores Wagner, ano
three children live at 237 Kentucky
avenue Sc.
Pvt. Albert Gibson, 20, whose wife
Mrs. Dorothy Gibson, and four chill.
dren live at 2431 Anger place Sc.
was wounded in action in Germany
last December, his wife said today
He has been sent back to this coun.
try and is in hospital in White
Sulphur Springs, w. Va. Befor,
joining the Army in March, 1914
he worked for dry cleaning com.
pany here. He was sent overseas
last November. The Gibson's chill
dren are Cecilia, IL; Bernard, 8
James, 6, and William, 3.
Also reported wounded by tn,
War Department in today's casualty
list for Washingtonians were.
Pfc. Cleveland l. Frederick, son O.
Mrs. Alma K. Frederick, 1852 Secone
street S.W.
| Pfc. Lexy L. Hamilton, whose wife
Mrs. Margorie A. Hamilton, lives Al
l225 K street NV.
STAFF Sergt. James A. McGinty
son Of Mrs. Mae Irene McGinty. 20l
Indiana avenue NV.
PFC. Joseph r. thinner, son Of Mr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-20
Essex Carrier to Have
Name Valley Forge
By the Associated Press.

BY the Assoclated Preks.
PHILADELPHIA, Mar. 20.-An
aircraft carrier now being built at
the Philadelphia Navy Yard will
be the first to carry the name Of
Valley Forge, the 4th Naval District
announced yesterday.
The Valley Forge is of the Essex
class, more than $50 feet long, de-
signed to carry approximately 80
planes and capable of a speed of
more than 80 knots. the Navy said.
Mrs. Alexander A. .Vandegrift,
wife Of 1t. Gen. VANDERBILT, Marine
Corps commandant, will sponsor the
carrier.
No launching date was set.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-20
Col. Caraway, Son
OF Former Senator,
Gets Legion Of Merit

Col. Paul W. Caraway, son of for.
mer Senator Hattie w. Caraway Of
Arkansas, was presented the Legior
of Merit yesterday by 1t. Gen. Albert
G. Wedemeyer, commanding gen.
eral of the China theater of opera.
tons, in ceremony at the War De-
partment. Col. Caraway's wife, Mrs
Della Caraway, and group of off,
GERS witnessed the presentation.
Col. Caraway. who is assigned to
the General Staff Corps, received
the award for exceptionally meri-
torious service" in the formulation
of strategic plans adoAted by the
joint and combined chiefs of staff
and also tor his work as War De-
partment representative at the
Dumbarton Oaks Conference.
Lt.~Col. william M. Linton, who
commands combat battalion Of
engineers on the western front. has
been awarded a Silver Star Media
for gallantry in undertaking an ex-
tensive reconnaissance, his parents
Mr.. and Mrs. Fred B. Linton, go
Holly avenue, Takoma Park, have
learned.
Col. Linton made his reconnais-
sance in order to locate existing
bridges and possible sites for addi-
tional bridges over an important
river
Aware of the personal risk in
volved. Col. Linton assumed the re-
sponsibility for this mission, al
though he might have delegated it
to a subordinate" the citation
states. Much of the time on this
patrol, the traversed enemy-held
territory . = His efforts resulted in
the requirement of highly impor-
tant data ="
A graduate of Roosevelt High
School and Columbia Preparatory
School, Col. Linton was member
of the 1941 West Point graduating
class.
First 1t. william G. Jones, "a, has
been awarded the Distinguished
Flying Cross and the Air Medal
posthumously for valient conduct as
an air observer over Saipan and
Tinian last summer. The decora-
tons we're presented to his parents,
Mr.. and Mrs. Parke P. Jones, 1869
Runnymede place NV, yesterday by
Maj. Gen. Field Harris, director of
the division of aviation, U. S. M. c.,
In a ceremony at the Navy Depart
ment.
Although his craft was unarmed,"
the citation for the DFC said, he
defled intense japanese antiaircraft
fire Con Tinian) to fly deep into en-
envy territory often dropping
to a dangerously low altitude in
order to locate hostile gun positions
more effectively"
The Air Medal was awarded for
similar exploits over Saipan.
1t Jones was graduate of Wood
row Wilson High School here and
Washington and Lee University. He
was killed on July 80 when his OBJ
servation plane crashed behind the
lines on Tinian.
Tech. Sergt Joseph B. Martin, 20,
son of Mr.. and Mrs. J. o. Martin of
BOG Lincoln avenue, Falls Church,
Va, has been awarded the Silver
Star and the Bronze Star. He re-
ceived the Silver Star for gallantry
in Italy, where he crossed a mine
field to give first aid to wounded
men, went through artillery fire to
obtain blood plasma and dug slit
trenches for the wounded under fire.
The Bronze Star was awarded for
earlier meritorious service. He has
been wounded twice.
Sergt. Martins father is employed
by the Chesapeake & Potomas Tele-
phone Co.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-20
Seizures of Outflow
Liquor Stills Increase

BY the Associated Press.
The business of picking up out
law liquor stills is picking up.
The Treasurys Alcohol Tax Unit
reported today it knocked of $50
last month. compared with 545 in
February, 1914. Things aren't as
brisk as before the war, though. In
February. 1910. the count was 1856.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-20
Inside on the Food Shortage
Inside on the Food Shortage
Optimismin1o Explain
Food Shortage Now Prevailing
BY OVID A. MARTIN,
Associated Press Farm Writer.
/Fsrsf ~ C>~s.e

The United States faces food situation which may put
civilians the smmes diet of the This despite
had eight successive expanding and record
breaking food production.
Why?
The question has been asked increasingly this month
often unable find butter chicken cheese and
eggs
Congress has heard demands for investigation
yesterday voted unanimously investigation
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-20
District Blood Donations
Appointments
yesterday - 480 persons
Amendments broken

APPOINTMENTS broken
yesterday ---- 80 persons
Appointments may be made
with the Blood Donor Center in
the Acacia Building, 81 Louisi-
ana avenue NV, by calling
District 5000 between m. and
$50 pm. weekdays, and 8 am.
to noon Saturdays.
A broken appointment sac
rtfces time on the part OF
doctors and nurses that can
not be replaced. 1t may sac
rtfce the lite OF a man on
battlefield.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-20

EXpId1ldIIUIlS dIt 10 DC lUuIIu
largely in two facts:
/. The Government released more
food than it should have, judged
Henderson daily dispatch., 1945-11-02

REPFRCISioN-Pclitical re-
rcrcuesions Il anF Will be tau
elsewhere more than at states
vile. Felix's here DON'T blame
Congressman DJughton and re-
ro.ts tEat TIC episode VIII cos.
NIsh Mitchell any further no
Htical prestige do NOT seem justi-
fled by attitu@c OF the bu>iness
n.en Of the community. S"nti-
mcnt IS that Mitchell t"i"l ~
do t&c mich himself, did no,
ta&e others into his confidence
or tive them a chance 20 shar"
any cyc0it due-hut that he did
& lag.led good job eff ii.