Evening star., 1945-05-19
U. 5. Delegates Hope
Russia viii Break
Par|ey Jam Soon
BY JOHN M. HIGHTOWER,
Associated Press star Writer.

0y SOA1N Ms ux0dxOWEh,
Associated Press stan Writer.
SAN FRANCISCO, May 49,
The United States delegation |.
hoping fervently for word from
Moscow this week end that may
clear the way for United Nation,
Conference approval of regiona,
defense plans and break a jan
on other critical issues.
For the moment the Russians, anc
small nations uncertain of the
course the Russians may pursue
have the World Security Conference
tied in knot so far as important
decisions are concerned.
In addition there is an undercur.
rent Of small-nation revolt against
what some are terming big power
control of present and future United
Nations machinery. This alone
could considerably prolong the work
here beyond the next two weeks.
Plan Public Session.
A series of developments spot
lighted the new crisis in conference
affairs as delegates headed for their
first public session in more than q
week to hear a formal report from
committees planning new world
court. These developments in
cluded:
/. Francisco Aquirre of Cuba,
speaking in a closed committee
meeting, hotly accused the big
powers of wanting to create "col-
lective dictatorship" of the world,
other delegates reported. Senator
Vandenberg, Republican, Of Mich
igan replied with plea for conf
dence and faith" in the big nations,
in peace as in war.
2. A group of Latin American
leaders, reported to number nine,
banded together to stall any further
action on major conference issues
until Russia has clarified her posi-
ton on regional defense treaties
such as is proposed for the American
hemisphere. Pending this they are
particularly unwilling to approve a
big-power veto over future United
Nations peace-making machinery.
Delay Defense Issue.
8. The United States delegation
decided not try to force the issue
on regional defense without giving
Russia a few more days to answer.
Still hoping for a response, and to
avoid if possible any more differ
ences among the big powers, the
delegation decided to put the whole
question over until Monday.
4. The possibility arose that unless
some of the small nations get certain
key ideas accepted by the conference
they may eventually impose reserva-
tions in accepting the United Ma
tions charter. There Is talk that
Colombia may thus qualify her posi-
tion unless adequate provision is
made for an inter-American de-
fense system, and Canada may act
likewise unless assured of voice in
any peace-enforcement decision by
which she would have to contribute
armed forces.
5. Blunt-spoken Manuel Gala
CHER, Peru's Foreign Minister, told
news conference there was no
point in the small nations trying to
force compulsory jurisdiction for a
world court, If great nations con-
slider that against their interests.
The only convincing votes in such
a case, he said, would be those
backed 'by a feet and an army"
Make Further Gain.
6. The small nations made a fur
ther gain on one point when q
committee on the general assembly
voted a to 0 that the assembly, In
which all nations will have a voice
should have power to debate and
recommend action on any matters
affecting international relations
The big powers previously had
agreed In principle with this pro-
posal.
Z. A meeting late yesterday of the
conference Executive Committee re-
ceived a proposal from Secretary
General Alger Hiss that the con-
ference end by June 2.
Big nation representatives gen.
orally favored this date as a tenta-
tive goal, but Australian Foreign
Minister Herbert v. Evatt protested
sharply against any steam roller
tactics, saying the smaller delega-
tions lacked the manpower of the
big ones to keep fully abreast of all
issues and needed time to study
them. Result-no decision pending
a meeting of the Steering Commit
tee Monday.
The executive group was reported
to have reached general agreement
that between the ending of this
conference and the establishment
of world organization there should
be an interim committee to carry
on the preliminary organization
work.