davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02

&
(NS)-FolloIUing is the official text of the speech of
Admiral of the Fleet Chester w. Nn1itz at the
Dlony of surrender:
ON BOARD all vessels at sea and in port, and at our
" many island bases in the Pacific there is rejoicing
and thanksgiving. The long and bitter struggle which
Japan started so treacherousy the seventh of De-
cember, 1941, is at an end.
take great pride in the American forces which have
helped to this victory America be proud of them.
The officers and of the L. Army Navy Marine Corps
Guard and Merchant Marine who fought the Pacific
have written heroic chapters in this nations military
history.
have infinite respect for their courage resourceulness
and devotion duty. We aso acknowledge the great
tbution this victory made by valiant Allies. United
fought and united prevail.
of Tokyo which first opened by Commodore
Perry in 1853, is crowded with L. S. owar The
process of bringing Japan into the family of civilized nations
which interrupted when Japan launched her program of
conquest, will soon begin again.
TODAY all freedomoving peoples of the world rejoice in
the victory and feel pride in the accomplishments of
combined forces We also tribute to those who defended
our freedom at the cost of their lives
On Guam a military cemetery in green valley not far
from my headquarters The ordered of white
Continued Page 2 Col -
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02

ABOARD THE USS MISSOURI, TOKYO BAY
Sept Sunday (INS)-FolIowing is the official
text OF the proclamation by the emperor of Japan,
issued by the orders of the supreme Allied
u,onder:
Accepting the terms set forth in the declaration
issued by the heads of the governments Of the United
States, Great Britain and China July 26, 1945 at
Potsdam and subsequently adhered to by the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics, have commanded the Japa-
imperial government and the japanese imperial
general headquarters to sign my behalf the nsru
ment of surrender presented by the supreme Allied
commander for the Allied powers and to issue general
orders to the military and naval forces in accordance
with the direction of the supreme commander for the
Allied powers I
command all my people forthwith to cease hostili
ties to lay down their and faithfully to carry out
all provisions of the instrument of surrender and the
general orders issued by the Japanese imperial general
headquarters hereunder.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
Adm. Nimitz Signs for U. S.
The signers were:


Foreign Minister Shigemsu, in behalf Of Emperor
Hrohto the Japanese government Gen. Yoshro Umezu
the Japanese imperial general headquarters Macarthur
supreme for the Allied powers Fleet ADM Nimitz
the United States Gen. Hsu ungChang for China Adm Sir
for Great Britain 1t Gen. L. H Van Oyen for the
Bruce Fraser for Great Britain 1t Gen. Kuzma Derevyanko
for Russia Gen. Sir Thomas Blamey for Australia Col L.
Moore Cosgrave for Canada Gen. Jacques LIE Cerc for
France It. Gen. L. H. Van Oyen for the Netherlands Air
Vice Marshal L. M. Istt for New Zealand
by they signed the short surrender document at
ceremony almost religious in its solemnity.
Behind Macarthur stood 1t Gen. Wainwright hero of Cor
regidor A. f. Perciya Brtan's laststand de-
Singapore to them he gave the first pens used
in the signing.
About 100 high American and Allied army and navy officers
grouped about the surrender table,
Macarthur before the signing told the beaten Japanese
that the surrender to be carried out spirit Of
dstrust malice hatred and that he would rule them with
justice and tolerance
After the signing he told the American people that the
Japanese for the first time their history would be freed from
their slavery and could they used their talents rightly lift
themselves to a place of dignity in the world
The document said
I'VE hereby proclaim the unconditional surrender 10 the
Allied of the Japanese imperial general headquarters
and OF all armed forces and all armed forces
Japanese control, wherever situated -.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
Hiirohiito Tells
Japs to Obey
Allied Orders

ABOARD THE U. S. BATTLESHIP
IN TOKYO BAY, Sunday, Sept
UP)-Japan surrendered formally, finally
and Internationally to the United States and
it's Allied powers today.
On the starboard bow deck of this battleship in
Tokyo Bay, her representatives signed a surrender
document which made her S0,OOOOOO people from
Emperor Hirohito down subject to the authority OF
Gen. Macarthur, the supreme Allied commander
At the moment of signing Japan was reduced to her
four main islands and such minor islands as the Allies
grant her.
Her people, her government, her demi-god emperor,
industry her very life under Allied military rule
and will remain there until the day when she Is deemed 10
have the first time in her 2605 years Of history,
democratic, peacefully y-ncined government and thus Is
worthy of rejoinng the family of nations
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02

ABOARD THE USS MISSOURI, Tokyo
Bay, Sept (Sunday) (INS)-FollorOing is the
official text of the instrument of surrender for.
nalIy ending the Pacific war:
I've, acting by command of and in behalf of
the emperor of Japan, the Japanese govern
ment and the Japanese imperial general head
quarters, hereby accept provisions in the
declaration issued by the heads of the govern
ments of the United States, China and Great
Britain 26 July, 1916, at Potsdam and subse-
quently adhered to by the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics, which four powers are here
after referred to as the Allied powers.
O-We hereby proclaim the unconditional sur
- render to the Allied powers of the Japanese
imperial general headquarters and of all Japa-
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02

I've hereby command the Japanese imperial
government and the Japanese imperial gen.
eral headquarters at once to liberate all Allied
prisoners of war and civilian internees now
under Japanese control and to provide for their
protection, care, maintenance and immediate
transportation to places as directed.
0-The authority of the emperor and the Japa-
nese government to rule the state shall be
subjected to the supreme commander for the
Allied powers who will take such steps as he
deems proper to effectuate these terms of sur.
render.
To this then signed the names IN this order,
of the representatives of Japan the supreme
mdnder (GeH M0cArthur), and the representatives Of
the United States China, Britain, Russia Australia,
Conado, France, The Netherlands and NeW Zealand.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02

S-We hereby command all civil, military and
naval officials to obey and enforce all proc
lamatiOns, orders and directves deemed by the
supreme commander for the Allied powers to be
proper to effectuate this surrender and issued
by him or under his authority, and we direct
all such officials to remain at their posts and to
continue to perform their nOncombatant duties
unless specifically relieved by him or under his
authority.
H-We hereby undertake for the emperor, the
Japanese government and their successors
to carry out the provisions of the POtsdam
declaration in good faith, and to issue whatever
orders and take whatever action may be re-
quired by the supreme commander for the
Allied powers or by any other designated repre-
sentative of the Allied powers for the purpose
of giving effect to that declaration.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02

MY FELLOW Americans:
A'A The thoughts and hopes of all America
indeed of all the civilized world-are centered
tonight on the battleship Missouri.
There on that small piece of American soil
anchored in Tokyo harbor the japanese have just
officially laid down their arms.
They have signed terms of unconditional sur
render.
Four years ago the thoughts and fears of the whole
civilized world centered another piece of Ameri
sol-Pearl Harbor. The mighty threat to civilization
which began there laid rest 1t long road
to TOkyo-and bloody
We shall not forget Pearl Harbor.
The japanese militarists will not forget the USS
Missouri.
The evil done by the japanese war lords can never
be repaired forgotten But their power to destroy and
kill has been taken from them. Their armies and what
is left of their navy mpotent.
To all of there first Of gratitude TO Al
mighty Who sustained allies in the dark days
of grave danger Who made from weakness into
the strongest fighting force history and Who has
Continued Page Four
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
Jap Officers TO Take Orders

The authority of the emperor and the Japanese govern
ment to rule the state shall be subject to the supreme
mander for the Allied who viii take such steps he
deems proper to effecuae these terms of surrender
All Japanese ciUil military and naval Officials
Were commanded to obey to enforce all MacArthuy,s
orders, continue their noncon,batant duties unless
specifically relieved by him. is
The document based the Allied Potsdam declaration
of July 26 japan undertook the of the emperor
present future carry its provisions and ali
of MacArthur's orders .|..
simultaneously with the signing Emperor Hrohito and i'm
CONTINUED on Page 2, Col. ~
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
Truman Halls
Allied Victory
Over Tyranny
Issues Proclamation
on W Day as Japan
Formally Surrenders

WASHINGTON, Sept. 1 QNS)
President Truman tonight pro-
claimed tomorrow Sunday VI
Day TO mark the victory OF
liberty over tyranny"
The President addressed the
world from the White House dur
ing a broadcast of Japan's signing
of unconditional surrender terms
aboard the battleship Missouri ir
Tokyo Bay. At the White House
with the President were members
of his cabinet.
Mr. Truman paid glowing trib.
ute TO the armed forces, tomorrow
he Will address them directly by
radio from the executive mansion
about 9:l9 p. m. EWT.
DAY OF RETRIBUTION
"As President of the United
States" Mr.. Truman said, IL
proclaim Sunday, Sept. ,, 1915,
TO be VI Day-the day of for
NAL surrender by JaDan.
1T il not yet the day for the
formal proclamation of the end
OF the war or of the cessation of
hostilities.
But II Is day which we
Americans shall always remem-
her as a day of retributiOn--as
we remember that other day,
the day of infamy pearl
Harbor).
From this day we move for
ward. We move toward a new
era af security at home.
with the other I'm d
Nations we move toward a new
and better world of peace and
international good will and CO.
operation"
CAN'T BE FORGOTTEN
The President declared tha
the evil done by the japanese wa
lords can never be repaired o.
| forgotten
But" he said, their power
10 destroy and Kill has been
taken from them.
Their armies and what Is
left Of their navy are now i'm
potent"
Mr.. Truman repeatedly gave
{ h a n ks TO Almighty God who
sustained us and our Allies in the
dark days Of grave danger"
The President said that eve
think of our d eparte d gallant
leader. Franklin y. Roosevelt. de-
fender Of democracy. architect of
world peace and cooperation" d"
PRAISES HEROIC DEAD
He voiced the nations gratitude
10 the armed forces who won VIC
tory, and 10 the fighting men who
died or were wounded in the cause
Continued on Page Four
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
In The Times TO-DAY

DIR J. G TOOLE, DENTIST
llo " Lafayette a. Michigan, opp. City
Han. HourI s-s, Tel. CA eess.-Adv.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
Gen. MacArthur S

AbOAkD lie OSO. MIOOOON1 oRyo
Bay Sept. 2 Sunday (INS)-FollotOing is the
official text of the remarks of the supreme Allied
commander, Gen. Douglas Macarthur, at the cere-
rony OF surrender:
WE ARE gathered here, representatives OF the
W major warning powers to conclude solemn
agreement whereby peace may be restored.
The issues involving divergent ideals and ideologies
have been determined the battle fields of the world
and hence are not for discussion or debate.
Nor is it for us here meet representing we do
majority of the peoples of the earth, in spirit Of
distrust, malice or hatred.
But rather it is for u.s. both Wctors and vanqushed
to rise to that higher dignity which alone benefits the
sacred purposes we are about serve committing all
of our peoples unresevedly to faithful compliance for
the undertakings they here formally'to assume.
1t is my earnest hope and indeed, the hope of all
mankind that from this solemn occasion a better world
shall emerge out of the blood and carnage of the past
"a world founded upon faith and understandings
world dedicated the dignity of and the fulflment
of his cherished wish-for freedom tolerance and
justice.
THE terms and conditions upon which surrender of
the Japanese Imperial Forces is here TO be given
and accepted contained in the instrument of sur
render before you.
AS supreme commander for the Allied powers I
announce 1t my firm purpose in the tradition of the
countries represent to proceed the discharge of my
responsibilities with justice and tolerance while taking
all necessary dispositions TO that the terms of
surrender are fully, promptly and faithfully complied
with.
invite the representatives Of the emperor of Japan
and the japanese government and the japanese imperial
Continued n Page ?. Col y
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
SURRENDER SIGNED
WORDS FOR HISTORY
Mr.. Truman S

WASHINGTON, Sept TNS) - Text of
President Truran's VI Day address, in which he
proclairs Sunday, Sept 2, 1945 as W Day.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
admiral Ninitz'

ABOARD THE USS MISSOURI, Sept. Sunday
(INS)-FolioDing is the official text of the speech
Admiral of the Fleet Chester w. Ni1itz the cere
p1ony of surrender:
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02

INhHNTso hIhUIN DF14ND
He voiced the nations gratitude
10 the armed forces who won VIC
tory, and 10 the fighting men who
died or were wounded in the cause
Continued on Page Four)
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02

nese armed forces and all armed forces under
Japanese control wherever situated.
Owe hereby command all Japanese forces
= wherever situated and the Japanese people
to cease hostilities forthwith to preserve and
save from damage all ships, aircraft and mill
tary and civil property and to comply with all
requirements which may be imposed by the
supreme commander for the Allied powers or
by agencies of the Japanese government at his
direction.
1--WE hereby command the Japanese imperial
general headquarters to issue at once orders
to the commanders of all Japanese forces and
all forces under Japanese control wherever
situated to surrender uncOndtiOnaly them
selves and all forces under their control.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
The Weather

HOURLY TEMPERATURES
Tpm II ppm. 20 l1pm. 81
So. N. 70 lop m. ss II Snd IS
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-08-31

on the Handel
( A wellknown musician was
staying in the village, and one eve
ming, while taking a walk, fell in
with some rustics on their way
home from choir practice. He
asked one of them what music they
had been practicing.
Handel" he was told.
''But I should have thought
you'd find Handel rather diff
cult" the musician remarked.
mo, not very, sir" one Of the
villagers replied. "You see, we al
tiers hirn!"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-08-31

service must prepare to accept over
seas assignments, the army de-
clared.
Ease Controls
Though five million people were
expected to be discharged from war
work following cessation Of hostili-
ties, industrial plans for rapid re-
conversion to civilian manufacture
promised early unemployment.
Fortunately, such basic industries
as steel will be able to furnish civil
ian materials with little delay, and
plans have been set UP to continue
government supervision over scarce
items to permit more even distribu-
ton and prevent speculative hoard
ing and pressure for price increases.
With its financial position greatly
bolstered by heavy wartime produc-
ton, and with banking funds avail
able before settlement Of cancelled
war contracts, industry generally is
strongly heeled for reconversion.
Meanwhile, civilians have record
cash balances and bond holdings,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-08-31

Economic Stabilizer Davis (left)
and Secretary Of Labor Schwellen-
bach leave White House after re-
conversion c0nfab.
and win be able to draw unemploy-
ment compensation to tide them
over the early transition period.
While manpower controls were re-
moved with Japan's defeat, wage
checks were retained to prevent an
inflationary spiral, and efforts made
to minimize strike threats.
With another bumper crop on tap,
farmers could look to continued
heavy government purchases for the
large military and naval establish
ments and foreign relief, and an I'M
certain domestic market dependent
on the speed Of the reconversion
program. Under congressional leg
islation, however, farmers have
been assured Of federal price sup
port for at least two years after the
war.
Among the first effects of reduced
military requirements was the re-
moval of gas, fuel oil, canned fruits,
vegetables and juices and other
processed foods from the rationing
lists. At the same time, price con-
troll was lifted from such items as
jewelry, sports equipment, toys sell
ing at Is cents or less, cigarette
lighters, pipes, luxury furs and gar
ments, some Photographic apparatus
and notions.
Because of the shortage Of sup
plies, and no possibility for imme-
date increases, rationing will be re-
tanned on meats, fats and oils, butter,
sugar, shoes and tires.
In the case of tires, OPA an
nounced, drivers of cars used for
occupational purposes will continue
to receive cords according to the
importance of their work, and ga"
card holders viii be given consider
alton in cases Of unusual hardship.
Though check will be kept on
shoes, mems and women's wear
manufactured before March 1, 1914,
and priced at $3.50 or less pair,
viii be ration-free through to Sep
TENDER 20.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-08-31
LABoRITE BRITAIN

With Great Britain and all the
rest of the world awaiting the
pattern of postwar life in the
United Kingdom, King George
VI presented the victorious La
Dor party's legislative program,
with naturalization of the Bank
of England and the coal mines
heading the agenda.
At the same time, the king
revealed that the wars end
would not bring about a release
of wartime restrictions, with the
Laborites seeking power during
the reconversion period to main
tain control over materials and
services to assure proper distri-
button at fair prices.
Besides Matchmaking the Bank
of England to promote employ
ment and development, and So
cializing the coal mines as part
of program to integrate the
fuel and power industry, the La
borites propose to reorganize
transport; provide social secu-
rity and industrial insurance;
buy land for housing, and set
up machinery for planning in
vestments in new business.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-08-31
CROPS:
Another Good Year

Owing to record yields Of wheat,
oats, peanuts, rice, peaches, pecans
and commercial truck crops; near
record prospects for hay, tobacco,
soybeans, sugar cane, and large pro-
duction for potatoes, sorghum grains
and flaxseed, the department Of ag-
riculture predicted the 1945 harvest
would be the third best In history.
With the wheat crop estimated at
a record las, 1888, 900 bushels on the
basis of conditions as Of August l,
and with oats at 1,546, 032, 900 BUSH
els, feed grain production was at a
high level despite the estimated
drop In the corn harvest to 2,844, 478,-
600 bushels.
One of the bright spots in the crop
picture was the estimated increase
in sugar cane production to 6,976, 1000
tons, and rise in sugar beet output to
1882, 900 tons, promising to relieve
the tight supply in the commodity.
Conservation Needed
After the most extensive study Of
farmland resources ever under
taken by any nellon, the soil con-
servation service reported that more
than 80 per cent of the country's
farmland was in need Of treatment
to protect it from erosion and main
tain fertility.
More than 100000 man years Of
labor would be required for the huge
task, the service said, along with
1927, AL years Of motor equipment;
1,089,978 years of horse-drawn ia
cilities, and 2,544, 106 tons of seed.
OF the Alt, 561 1000 acres Of farm
land now under actual cultivation,
the service said that 100000
should be retired because of steep
ness, erosion, wetness and stone.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-08-31
Upton Got Entertainment
Where 1t Wasn't Intended

British merchant and sportsman
Sir Thomas Upton, a canny man,
was rarely bested in any business
undertaking.
On one occasion the tea trader
was made a poor offer for a piece
Of his valuable property.
"Your price is ridiculous"
scoffed Upton.
''Think about it," urged the pro-
spective buyer, "I'll be back to.
morrow"
"Well, did you entertain my Of
fer?" asked the man when he re-
turned the next day.
ION the contrary" countered
Sir Thomas with smile, sit enter
tanned me-"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-08-31
WORLD RELIEF:
Needs Boosted

With the termination of the war
in the Pacific expected to multiply
its problems, the United Nations Re-
lief and Rehabilitation Administra-
ton Director Herbert Lehman de-
clared that more than two billion
dollars in additional funds would be
needed to help stricken countries
before their restoration Of stable
economies.
Speaking at the third internation-
al conference of UNRRA at London,
Lehman revealed plans for coping
with the Asiatic relief problem, dis
closing that plans already have been
formulated for the shipment of sup
plies to China over the Stilwell road
and through coastal ports. Of the
100 million Chinese reported des-
titute, many are expected to sue
cumb even if relief should be Of
fered Immediately.
The London meeting was enliv-
ened by Australia's demand to
broaden the UNRRA control council
to nine members instead Of the pres
ent Big Four to provide smaller ma
tions with greater representation in
the ALLEGATION of funds.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-08-31
u. S. Den,0bilizes

With the end Of the war, the serv-
ices carefully prepared demobiliza-
ton plans were scheduled to be put
into effect, with the draft continuing
for men under IS years Of age un-
less the President or congress or
dained otherwise.
Approximately 261 200 enlisted
men and 10000 officers are eligible
for release under the navy's newly
announced discharge plan requiring
A points for the enlisted men and 49
for the officers. Under the program,
one-half point is allowed for each
year of age up to the nearest birth
day; one-half point for each full
month Of active duty since Septem-
Der l, 1899, and 10 extra points for
dependents regardless of number.
Requirements for WAVES are about
IA points lower, with the same cred
it computations.
Designed to relieve men with the
longest service, the navy program
will permit release of about 1000, 900
men within the next IL to 10 months,
which, with the army's plan for dis
charging 100000 G.I.s within a
year, will result in a total demo-
Utilization of 100000 by 1947.
Except for four categories Of spe-
cialists, all army personnel with IS
points or more will be Immediately
released, along with men 38 years
Of age or over. Until such time
as the size Of the occupation force
needed in Japan can be determined,
however, there will be no reduction
in the present point system, it was
indicated.
With G.I.s in the Pacific eligible
for discharge due to be released,
men with low-point scores in the
u. S. or with only brief European
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-08-31

tinct from the family allowances to
which the government contributes.
Over 40 million dollars have gone
to insurance companies in the last
three years to pay premiums on
soldiers civilian life insurance.
In June alone, $263, 227 went to
building and loan and savings and
loan associations under the re-
Gently authorized plan permitting
CT. Joe to save for a home.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-08-31
Army Teaches G.I.s Virtues of Thrift

How widely the members of the
armed forces have been taught the
virtues of thrift is indicated by fig
ures supplied by the war depart
fnent Office Of dependency benefits.
AS Of the end Of June, there were
STA, $40 active monthly CLASSIC al
lctments-of-pay, which are volun-
tary assignments of pay to a sol
dier's dependents, bank, an insur-
ance company, etc., and are dis