Evening star., 1945-11-18

ration for each man is half I
the cry in the hearts of men across
the world.
Must Face Facts.
We want to work in unity with
other nations for the making of a
good peace During the war per-
haps, 1t may have been necessary
for strategic reasons to postpone
final decisions on many questions
mooted at the conferences of the
three great powers. Now we must
face the facts.
There are profound differences of
thought and policy between Russia
and the western democracies. Rus
sia has acted unilaterally on many
important settlements. 1t has
sought to establish its sphere of in
| f1uence in Eastern and Southeastern
Europe, not on the basis of sound
regional agreements in which SOW
ereignties and rights are respected,
but by the imposition of its SOW
ereignty and by ruthlessly setting
up helpless puppet states. Its Asiatic
policy so imprtant for the peace of
the world, is an enigma.
The totalitarian dictators prom
ised benefits to the masses through
an omnipotent police-state which
extends it's authority to all human
relations and recognizes no innate
freedoms. Their theories, more
over, look to the realization of
world well-being as ultimately to
be secured by the inclusion of all
countries in their system.
Clash of Ideologies.
| Sometimes Russia uses our vo-
cabulary and talks of democracy
and rights, but it attaches distorted
meanings to the words. We think in
| terms of our historic culture. We
see God given, sinyiolable human
rights in every person and we know
democracy as the free collabora-
ton under law of citizens in a free
country.
There is a clash OF ideologies. The
frank recognition cf these differ
ences is preliminary to any sincere
effort in realistic world co-opera-
ton for peace. The basis of this CO.
operation must be mutual adher-
ence to justice. 1t would be unjust
tfor us to be an accomplice in vio-
lating the rights of nations, groups
and individuals anywhere in the
world.
A first step toward effective nego-
tiation for peace is to have plan
A good plan states principles in
terms Of all the specific questions
at issue. Instead, so far we have
comprised and sought to make mere
piece-meal settlements. Instead OF
honest, promising discussion even or
diverging plans, we are witnessing
a return of the tragedy of power
politics and the danger of balance
of power arrangements which, with
the substitution of mere expediency
for justice, have begotten war after
war. We must indeed aim at COL
laborating with all of our Allies in
the making of good peace They
are immoral and destructive of gen.
uine peace.
Charter Not Sound Instrument.
Our peace program emissions a
world organization of nations. The
charter which emerged from the
San Francisco Conference, while
undoubtedly an improvement on the
Dumbarton Oaks proposals, does not
provide for sound, institutional
organization of the international
society. The Security Council pro-
visions make it no more than a
virtual alliance of the great powers
for the maintenance of peace. These
nations are given a status above
the law. Nevertheless, our coun-
try acted wisely in deciding to par
ticipate in this world organization
1t is better than world chaos.
From the provision in the Charter
for calling a constituent assembly
in the future, there comes the hope
that in time the defects may be
eliminated and we may have q
sound, institutional organiza ton Of
the international community which
will develop, not through mere vol
untary concessions of the nations
but from the recognition of the
rights and duties of internationa
society.
While peace is in the making
!, there are urgent issues which W,
! can no longer evade. At Yalta W,
| gave a pledge to the Polish peopl,
!. and assumed responsibility befor,
. the world that they would be un
| hampered in setting up their owr
\ independent, democratic govern
ment. Are we working to the full.
[ fillment of that pledge in the full
!. measure Of our responsibility ant
t our power? What apology can b,
offered for the failure of the pro
: tagonists of democracy to protes
!. the absorption by force and arti6c,
!, of the Baltic countries into tn,
: Union of Soviet Republics?
Shocked BY News.
We are shocked by the news which
4 - ~ ~ IL