davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-12-16
MILLIONS TO GET TAX RELIEF

For 1945 income, every civilian, who
received $500 or more in 1945 must file
return on it before midnight of March
Is, 1916. That includes persons who do
not owe any tax for 1945 and also those
who pay up their tax in full during
l945. Some taxpayers will get refunds
on 1s45 tax. Others will still owe some
tax.
The Government requires employers
to furnish employees on or before Janu-
ary 81 with withholding receipts dorm
W-2) for 1945. These receipts list your
gross pay and the amount of tax with
held from that pay. Most wage earn
ers are allowed to use their withholding
receipts as 1945 income tax returns.
The receipt is an extra -simplified"
return, SO it will pay most taxpayers
not to lose or mislay it. Otherwise they
will have to get another receipt from
their employer or make out more COM
plicated return on Form l04O.
If your wages in 1945 amount to IS 900
or more. or if your income ether than
wages totals more than 500, you can't
use the withholding receipt as return.
You must use the long form 1040 If
your income was 5000 or more, or if
you, claim deductions (taxes, interest,
large medical expenses, etc. amounting
to more than 10 per cent of your income.
You may use the short form 1040
If your income was less than $1,000,
regardless Of source. If the return
is made on the short form 104O or
on withholding receipt, the tax is fig
ured from table which automatically
allows about 10 per cent OF the total
income for deductions. Taxpayers with
allowable deductions amounting to
more than 10 per cent can save money
using the long form 1910.
Man and woman veterans of the
United States military and naval forces
below the grade Of commissioned ON
Ger have no tax liability for service pay.
The new law says they do not even have
to file returns with respect to service
pay.
The law also extends the time for pay
ing taxes on the service pay OF com-
missioned officers. The tax SO deferred
is payable over period Of three years
in equal quarterly installments without
interest. There Is similar extension Of
time for payment Of taxes on preservice
earned income for 1910 or 1941 which be-
came due after the taxpayer entered the
service.
Commissioned officers get = special
tax exemption Of 81 500 Of service pay.
This Is In addition to the regular $500
exemption each, allowed every person
fcivilian or military for himself, wife
and dependents.
CDtst1tbutsl ~ - knseiaAsl 1ssss1
Evening star., 1945-12-16
By Alexander r. George

Wage earners all over the country
soon will Get their first sweet taste of
new lower income taxes.
Tax cuts under the new law apply to
1946 income and therefore will 60 into
effect January l. That means smaller
amounts will be withheld from pay re-
ceived on and after that date, even If
the pay is for work done before the new
year.
About 100000 low-income persons
who have paid tax on 1945 income will
pay no tax on 1916 income.
The remaining 100000 will carry a
lighter tax load. For many who sup
port families of two or more dependents,
the tax saving will mean additional
money for food, clothing and other ne
cessities. The tax cut amounts to 50
per cent for a married man with two
dependent children and an income of
$4,000. If he has four dependent chill
dren and an income of 1880, the saving
is 80 per cent.
Take man with a wife, two depend
ents and weekly wage of $45. The
weekly withholding will be so cents,
compared with 81 40 in 1945. For mar
ried man with four children and a
weekly salary of $65, the weekly with
holding will be 20 cents, compared with
$1.50. In the case of a single person
with no dependents and a weekly wage
of $25, the weekly withholding will be
$3.50, compared with $310.
The amount of income tax withheld
from wages depends upon the number of
exemptions the taxpayer can claim as
well as the wages he earns. A tax
payer gets an exemption Of $500 each
for himself, his wife and his dependents.
These exemptions are included In the
Government tax table used by an em-
ployer Ia finding the amount to be taken
from . workers pay.
Exemptions are listed on certificates
nled by employees with their employers.
New exemption certificates are not re-
quired unless there has been change
In the number of an employees exemp-
tions. However, some business concerns
which have had numerous changes In
personnel are requesting all employees
to make out new certificates to assure
that all exemptions are listed.
Exemptions change when taxpayer
n1arries, when child is born, when q
divorce occurs, when some one for whom
the taxpayer has claimed an exemption
dies, or when the taxpayer begins or
,tops supporting q dependent.
An important thing to remember Is
that the reduced taxes have nothing TO
10 with your 1915 income. They apply
I % income received n 1916.
Evening star., 1945-12-16

ism of the Labor party with counter
socialism which looks, as it is argued,
rather like milk-and- water edition of
Disraeli's young England" of just a
century ago. They have tried hard to
think out philosophy upon which to base
it. and they resent the contempt with
which Churchill rejects it, as he thun-
ders out his full-blooded romantic 18th
century ideas very much in the manner
of Chatham who has fingered on by
accident into the goth century.
And they are all uneasily aware that
they cannot stand up to the Labor front
bench without Churchill. They all like
Anthony Eden, but they think him too
kind, too Russophile, and too OPEN
minded. They all respect Sir John An
derson's competence: but they all know
that his heavy manners and complete
lack of imagination make him too like
an undertaken TO be a success with the
country. Richard "A. Butler is quick and
clever and incisive; but he stin seems
to them more like the ADO to the
chief Of stan than the chief of STAN
himself. AS for Oliver Lyttletton, who
combines aristocracy with hand in big
business, they are miserably aware that
any good undersecretary on the treas
ury bench can deal with him without
having to send for his minister to reply.
Without Churchill and Eden, they
cannot cope with Herbert Morrison, or
Ernest Bevin; they are not in the de-
batting class Of Aneurin Bevan or Eman-
uel Shinwell; and they have discovered
that Chuter EIDE, the new, Home Secre-
tary. has an effective acidity in reply
which makes it dif1cult to risk provok-
ing him. Add to all this their irritation
at the refusal Of most Of even the new
Labor members. especially those who
were lately serving In the armed forces,
70 take any Of them, except Churchill
and 1dsn. vsry seriously. and their 11us-
Evening star., 1945-12-16
By Harold J. Laski,
Chairman Of the British Labor Party.

LONDON.-The current forensics of
Winston Churchill and his Tory col
leagues rather reveal than conceal the
dismay into which the ranks of Tuscany
have been thrown.
First, the Tories were amazed at the
loss of the general election; none of
them, not, certainly, Churchill himself,
expected defeat, let alone overwhelming
defeat. Then they expected that the
government would quickly run into diff
ficulties so great that the good days of
the national government would soon
be here again. Now they have begun
grimly to realize that they are not
merely out of power, but out Of power
for probably long time, and that be-
cause they are so completely out Of
touch with the public opinion Of the
people.
Churchill, Of course, has never been
an orthodox Tory in any sense of the
word. Ne is q Tory Democrat whose
thought is built upon his father, Lord
Randolph Churchill's, great effort Of 10
years ago to make the rich men who
dominated the Tory party then. and still
dominate it today. grasp the fact that
wealth will only keep its power by being
magnanimous. He does not believe in
the rights Of the people: but he believes
strongly in social legislation which,
while leaving the present economic
order intact, mitigates the evils Of In
equality.
He Is strong imperialist;; his atti-
tude to India is still that Of young
cavalry subaltern brought up on Kip
ling's works, and he proposes to govern
al colonial peoples for their good and
British strength. But he IS not city
minded: he Is not very interested IN
the plutocrAcy, and fsw of ths sacred
Evening star., 1945-12-16
Stable Food Prices Seen
Despite End of Subsidies
Farm Experts Predict More Efficient Production
Will Offset Loss of Federal Aid, With
Trend Probably Downward
By Ovid A. Martin

study by Government economists, esti-
mated the civilian food bill would be
at least $4,000 100000 higher in 1916
than In 1945.
Some officials saw the reports as pos
sible ammunition for labor demands for
wage increases ammunition which
could be used at a time when the
administration is trying to obtain indus
trial peace.
Secretary of Agriculture Anderson had
been the prime mover in a campaign,
sponsored by farm groups and farm-
State Congressman, to get rid Of the
subsidies.
Farmers had argued that subsidies
should be dropped while consumers were
financially able to pay present prices,
rather than later when food and farm
prices had dropped back nearer peace
time levels. They contended that
price reduction and loss of subsidies,
coming simultaneously, would cause too
drastic a reduction in farm income and
possibly bring on another farm depres-
sion.
Size of Crops to Determine.
The actual effect of withdrawal of
subsidies will be determined, in large
measure, on the size of supplies of food
at the time and upon the size of civilian
and other demands.
overall food costs undoubtedly would
increase, possibly as much as 10 per
cent, under the following conditions:
1. If ceiling prices on subsidized foods
were increased by the full amount of
the subsidies
2. If supplies of, and demands for,
the subsidized items were such as to
force prices of these commodities to the
increased ceiling levels.
8. If prices of unsubsidized foods
pressed against ceilings.
The administration has stated, how
ever, that it does not intend to increase
all ceiling prices by the amount of the
eliminated subsidies Some subsidies
may be eliminated without any in
crease in prices.
Expect Some Decreases.
The Government expects prices of
some foods-particularly unsubsidized
items-to drop below present levels by
the time the subsidies are ended. It
believes that the expected price de-
clines will Offset increases in prices of
subsidized items to keep the overall cost
of food unchanged.
Officials point out that recent action
in eliminating the subsidy on peanut
butter and part of the subsidy on but
ter caused no change in the index Of
food costs, although retail prices OF
these products were increased. These
price increases were Offset by declines
in prices of potatoes and several other
food items.
It is possible that amy price increases
growing out of elimination Of subsidies
may be much smaller, in their effect
on consumer food bills, than decreases
in other items.
Potatoes and some truck crops have
already dropped below ceilings 1t is
quite possible, says the Agriculture De-
partment, that fruit prices, particularly
citrus, will drop to lower levels soon, too;
that imported supplies will bring about
lower prices for fats and oils, and that
prospective abundant production will
cause sharp drop in prices of eggs
and poultry during the late winter,
spring and summer.
distributed by the Associated Press1
Evening star., 1945-12-16

tration is intelligible. They have not
yet been fused into q fighting opposi-
tion, and they are disturbed because
they fear that three-quarters Of Church
ills mind is still furious about the last
election when they want him to be cre-
alive about the next.
That is why Churcnills recent speech
to the Tory party did not quiet their
doubts. They liked to see him lay
roundly about him; they hoped their
victims would take the count. But they
had the unhappy sense that 1t sounded
to the country Ike an ancient tale told,
no doubt, with the power Of the great
old actor In the star role he plays 20
well. but one. nowadays, for which there
= dwindling audience.
Evening star., 1945-12-16

A telephone in the Agriculture De-
partment rang frantically. Judge
John c. Collects Office on the wire.
Judge Collett& stabilization admins
traitor in the Of1ce of Reconversion, had
announced plans for removing subsidies
on food.
He had said the Government did not
believe this would change the overall
cost of food.
Now reports were being widely cir
culated that food prices would go up
from 10 to 40 per cent.
Had the Agriculture Department mis-
led him?
No, said the Agriculture Department
to the best of its belief, overall prices
would not go up.
Yet the Truman administration can't
be sure until it happens what will be
the effect of abandoning the s1,798,-
600 ,0O0-per-year wartime program of
payments to producers.
Will End July 1.
The administration has announced
that virtually all food subsidies will be
withdrawn by next June 30.
Whatever the results, the action could
very well become an important issue In
next years congressional elections.
The subsidies were started during the
war for two purposes: Cd To encour-
age greater production Of food; co to
prevent undue increases in the cost of
living.
Since the extra production in most
cases was less efficient, and thus more
costly, the Government paid the added
cost rather than let it pass on to- the
consumer.
In the case of few food items-par-
ticularly meat and butter-the Govern
ment reduced consumer prices in 1943
but made up the reduction to producers
in the form of subsidies.
Food items subsidized included meat,
butter, cheese, milk, shortening, lard,
margarine, salad dressing, peanut but
ter, canned fruits and vegetables,
prunes, dried beans, flour, bread, mac
aroni bakery products and sugar.
All But Two Still Subsidized.
All still are being subsidized except
butter and peanut butter.
The subsidies saved consumers about
the following amounts:
Butter 1877 cents a pound.
Cheddar cheese, 1873 cents.
Fresh milk, 1.3 cents quart.
Evaporated milk, IA cents for large
can.
Shortening, 4 cents a pound.
Margarine, cents a pound.
Salad dressing IL cents a pint
PruneS, cents a pound.
Canned tomatoes, cents for a No. 2
can.
Canned peas, % cents for No. can.
Canned corn, 8 cents for No. 2 can.
Flour, 8.8 cents for 10 pounds.
Bread, cent pound.
Round steak, 9.1 cents pound.
Rib roast, cents.
Other beef and veal, cents.
Pork products, from 81 to 8.5 cents.
Lamb, from 38 to 70 cents.
Sugar, IA cents pound.
Forecasts Cause Worry.
The reports and forecasts that with
drawal of the subsidies would result in
increases of from 10 to 40 per cent in
the cost of food caused CONSERVATION
among Government officials. One re-
port, said to have been based upon a
Laurel outlook., 1945-05-02

Mrs. Charles Garlock was hostess
at a birthday party honoring her
son Vernon. Guests were Darlene
and Audrey Moon, Phyllis and Nita
Noel, Helen Pomroy, Jackie Bras
we'll, Dick Duncan, Jack Heebner,
Rex Sommers and Vernon Garlock.
Following a weiner roast Vernon
took his guests to the evening show.
Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Bait of Bill
lings were guests Monday of Mr.
and Mrs. Jacob Bait.
R. D.. Smith, who arrived with
Thomas Gary from the Aleutians
and was his guest several days, left
by plane for his home in Chicago.
Mrs. Albert Kozelka, former resi-
dent of the Byam community who
with her family moved recently to
Colstrip, was the guest of friends
Tuesday.
Laurel outlook., 1945-05-02
Cromwell Returns
Funeral, Burial OF
Mother In Oklahoma

C. A. Cromwell and family re-
turned to Laurel last week from
Oklahoma, where they had been
called by the death and burial of
Mr.. Cromwell's mother, Mrs. q. A.
Cromwell, 90, who died April 9 at
Crockett, Tex. Death occurred at
the home of a son in Crockett and
the remains were taken to Ardmore.
Okla, for burial, which occurred
Saturday, April ID.
Services were conducted at the
Church of the Nazarene in Ardmore.
Mrs. Cromwell was a member of the
Methodist church, and pastors of the
Church of the Nazarene and the
Methodist church officiated at the
funeral. Pallbearers were all old
friends of the family.
Mrs. Cromwell, nee Willie Cham
bers, was born in Monroe, La, and
went to Ardmore in 1889 when the
present state of Oklahoma was a
part of Indian Territory. She mar
ried u. A. Cromwell about the year
1899. He died in August 1882 and
was buried at Ardmore.
Mrs. Cromwell is survived by
three sons, C. ]. Cromwell of Croc-
kett, Tex, C.. E. Cromwell of Ell
Dorado, Ark, and C. A. Cromwell
of Laurel, and a sister, Mrs. Carrie
Hughes of Fort Worth, Tex. All
except the sister attended the funer-
al and interment.
Laurel outlook., 1945-05-02

The social meeting of the Amer
lean Legion Auxiliary was held at
the home of Mrs. R. B. Packard on
Tuesday, May L.. Our national de-
tense chairman, Mrs. D. H. McCau-
ley, gave a very interesting talk on
Universal Military Training" The
new officers for the ensuing year
were installed by Past Presidents
Mrs. Edrie Hilgert installing Off
Ger, and Mrs. Ina Graft, sergeant
alarms.
The officers installed were: Pres
ident, Mrs. Lillian Wage; LIST vice
president, Mrs. Mabel Steele; End
vice president, Mrs. Coralynn Alder
tus; secretary, Mrs. Lorene May
hugh; treasurer, Mrs. Rose Kilpat-
rick; historian, Mrs. Jennie Starkey;
chaplain, Mrs. Lucy Chamberlin;
sergeant-at-arms, Mrs. Esther Ster-
rett.
Executive board: Mrs. Edith Pack
ard, Mrs. Edrie Hilgert, Mrs. Alme-
da Paisley.
A delicious lunch was served by
the hostesses, Mrs. Julia Phillips
and Mrs. Margaret Palmer.
Remember the past presidents
parley to be held at the home of
Mrs. D. H. McCauley on Tuesday,
May 8.
On Sunday, May 10, at $50 p. m.
the American Legion post No. 1923
has invited the ladies of the Aux
iliary and their escorts to be pres
ent at a banquet to be held at the
L. l.. club.
Laurel outlook., 1945-05-02

Mrs. James Speare has returned
from Oklahoma City, Okla, where
she spent two and a half months
with her son-in-law and daughter,
Mr.. and Mrs. L. D. Holcomb. Re-
turning with Mrs. Speare for a visit
were Mrs. Holcomb and son James.
The Unity Garden club met Thurs
day afternoon with Mrs. George
Roth at her home. Roll call was
answered by members naming their
favorite garden tool. Mrs. T. Birk-
land was a guest of the club. Mrs.
II. j. Cook gave a paper on the
pruning and care of trees and
shrubs. The next meeting will be
held May 10 at the home of Mrs.
H. E. Starkey when roll call will
be responded to by giving a tribute
to mothers.
Laurel outlook., 1945-05-02
Garden Club Hears
Lectures On Birds,
Culture OF Lawns

The Laurel Garden club was en-
~tertained recently at Mrs. H.: T.
Winters home. A no-host luncheon
was served at 1 o'clock and IS men,
hers paid tribute to mothers when
answering roll call.
A committee reported that the
Commercial club room had been
secured for the plant and bulb sale
of May II and IL.
Mrs. T. w. Evert gave an inter-
esting paper on sour Friends the
Birds" which especially noted the
migration of song birds. Bird day
was the second Friday in April.
Mrs. P. A. Johnston gave a re-
port on a recent meeting of the
Laurel Woman's club she had at
tended as a representative of the
Garden club to hear an address by
Mrs. Harriet Patterson of Billings,
Yellowstone county nurse for the
tuberculosis association. Mrs. Pat
terson explained the nature and ex-
tent of her work in this community.
A paper on "Pros and Cons of
Grass Clippings" was read by Mrs.
Johnston. She said: "This year es-
pecially, when little or no fertilizer
is dNdlldDlC lOI uoC VII ldWlloy IL 10
essential to let the cut grass remain
on the lawn. Why rake out all
dead grass and then pay good
money for peat moss or other mulch
to return the humus to the lawn?
clippings left on the lawn not
only act as a mulch for the grass
roots, but eventually adds consider
able fertilizer to the soil in the
form of much needed nitrogen"
The next meeting of the club
will be May "a with Mrs. Loren
Shay.
Laurel outlook., 1945-05-02
The Outlook Says:

Mrs. R.. C. Dantic was hostess to
q group of friends last week at
bridge at three tables. Those win
ming awards were Mrs. Jack Beard,
high, Mrs. Carl Burke, second, Mrs.
z. L. Mossman, travel and Mrs.
Hugh Boyd, low.
Laurel outlook., 1945-05-02

Mrs. Joseph Smith of Absarokee
is a guest of her son-in-law and
daughter, Mr.. and Mrs. w. P. Sex
ton.
Mrs. V. C. Knoll is recovering at
the st. Vincent hospital in Billings
from an operation performed Fri
day.
Laurel outlook., 1945-05-02
Royal Theatre
'EEKLY PROGRAM

THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY
May 3-4-5
Mystery, International Intrigue, Ro-
nance blended in a story of the
struggle between Allied and Axis
forces for the control of Arab Cara
vans. Action and suspense plus a
Lady of mystery and a sophisticat-
ed Wan Correspondent.
George Sanders Virginia Bruce
Gene LOckhart Robt. Armstrong
II. b. Warner LenOre ALBERT
Laurel outlook., 1945-05-02
I'm Arabia"

Feature No. 2
Here's a novel story of a Garbage
Collector who found 100000 that
was lost in a salad bowl. Finders
were keepers and the fun begins.
With
Fred Brady Jeff Donnell
Ann Savage William Wright
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-06

Tents, flags, jeeps,
a aft. air
plane, for your boys
toy soldiers, like the
latest army units.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-12-29
NEGRO DOLLS!

Race Pride! Every home should
have Colored Doll. We offer In
this sale two flashy numbers with
hair. moving eyes. mama voice.
nicely dressed. Priced ef.ss: large
sire. 1897. n COD. Postage Extra.
Agents Wanted. write NATIONN
CO.. 25i West is5th Street, New
York. 70.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-12-29
BIZ REV. WILLIAM LysLEs

(The views expressed in this coll
umn arc those Of the writer and 10
not necessarily express the editor
al opinion of the puhlishers.)
THE NAACP ELECTION
II is rumored or alleged that
there il mass conspiracy TO get
control Of our local NAACP. These
rumors may or may not be true.
But there is one thing certain that
the NAACP VIII soon exist only in
the memories Of men If il should
hy trick fall into the wrong hands.
The columnist IS aware that there
are certain groups who have for
years tried 10 gain control of the
NAACp here. This was not pos
sible under the leadership Of Dr.
James J. McClendon, the retiring
president.
When the Rev. Charles A. Hill
WAS "handed" 10 the Negroes as q
social leader ostensihly to take III,
place pr. McClendon a couple OF
NAACP elections age. the NAACP
members blocked the move.
We ale aware that certain Gle
msnt> ~ the Union and the -
called liberal groups realize that
THE only way they can reach thC
Negro leaders is through the NAA
lCP.
Now that the election is over VIZ
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-12-29
Liberian Marries
White Heiress

NaNRoNlA -ttNPl-- A May
Nescn romance was ,'rraN''l
Acfe fcr sa,ly wehn ,ouNs IT.
hsran .lir clerk married = 6a-
,earoId vhiiv American telcss
The bride Mrs Flm~s Az
leNsor cone here asa4i siN
monlhs $50 she me, ae -rocnl
p ycarola Edward Ro- o.
Gabriel Dennis farm IN Nonser-
tad onnty vher Ae MS Nl-if-
hs Nntie collecting data about
LlAsria The PAIR succeeded in
hsepi.s Their n'rence 4 seeret
Gtsl taty we've married hea rs
tie Rev Maker rfumskine
\ raeiea mulon4i9e Mrs 81
l,rson has travelled extensively
ard has shown ar exceplioiails
keen interest in Liberia She IS
repor'ed % be planning 70 write
nook about tho country
A'ir TIC wed'inr CEREMONY
tAe par lor BY plane or Cape
pflwss where they Will spend
q CIR honey;noon
Dennis IN Vhose farm me ro.
Rance flogrished il me brother
81 Mrs Joseph Aston OF Nre-
v od svsnue Detroit He visited
blk sister last srwres a'fer az
tending the san Francisco conier-
ence
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-12-29
FUGITIVE ARRESTED

Clarence Reed, 80. 1908 L. Eu-
cid Was arrested hy police last
Thursday on charges Of being a
fugitive from Georgia.
Police Allcge Reed is Frank Rid
los. s.. who escaped IN 1887 from
prison at Gary, Georgia, where
hc was serving life for murder Of a
woman.
Detective Bert l.. Dudley, one Of
the arrcsting officers said that when
he, Patrolman William Krimmel
and sgt Harris Howell arrested
Reed in bed at the Euclid address
they found l6-gauge shotgun at
his side. The officer also said ra-
ton books in the suspects room
bare the name Of Frank Ridley.
Reed is held pending the arrival
Of a fugitive warrant from Georgia.