davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-09-20
0PA Pushes Efforts
To GET Ceiling Prices
On Home Building
BowIes Says Congress
Must Act to Prevent
Boom Ending in Bust
Ry the Associated Press.

Hy the Associated Press.
OPA officials today sped ef-
forts to write sweeping price
control measure to cover both
new homes and the lots they are
built on.
The plan, which Price Admin.
istrator Chester Bowles said would
be presented to Congress shortly
also would cover existing dwellings
through resale ceilings.
Mr., BoWles asserted in a state.
ment the country faces a highly
explosive situation because of OPA's
lack of power to check steeply ris-
ing home prices. The present $4,000
limit on permitted new home build
ing goes out October Is along with
all Government curbs on building
Wants Rent Controls Kept.
The OPA program, disclosed by
Mr.. Bowles last night, also includes
l. Sharply frightened control over
prices of building materials, fix
lures and equipment, as we'll as on
the charges Of contractors who offer
roofing, plastering, building and
other services.
2. Firm control over rents In
crowded cities extending through
June, 1946-tne date when OPA's
own authority expires.
Mr.. Bowles told a news confer
ence yesterday that Reconversior
Director John w. Snyder agreed
with his full program and would
give it complete support" before
Congress.
The price chief went on:
UNLESS the real estate interests
the building industry and the public
join with the Government to meet
the issue head-on. the danger OF
imitation in this all-important f1elc
will grow rapidly. -"
Fears Building Dust"
IF we fail to halt the rising
building costs, our building boom
will be snuffed out by bust that
will deprive millions of workers OF
an opportunity for steady job at
good wages. We will rob millions OF
families of the opportunity to builo
the home which they have dreamed
about. We will lay the foundation
for widespread infiationary flooo
which may engulf our whole econ
omy."
Mr.. Bowles estimated building
costs had increased about 80 pei
cent since 1899, 6.3 per cent of this
1See CONSTRUCTION, Page A-4J
Evening star., 1945-09-20

be represented by Gov. Herbert r
O'Conor and other leaders. In all
three or four hundred guests are ex-
pected.
Mr.. Truman's visit to Jefferson Is
land will be the first time a Presi.
dent has made a visit there in sew
eral years. President Roosevelt Wis
tied the resort once.
The Jefferson Island Club is now
headed by Harry B. Halves, former
Senator from Missouri.
Mr.. Ross also told reporters today
that the President had attended an
Alfalfa Club dinner last night at
Grasslands, on Nebraska avenue.
The club. q social organization, Is
headed by Secretary Of State Byrnes
Evening star., 1945-09-20
Jap Ministry Ordered
To Freeze Axis Assets
Py the Associated Press,

P3 the ASSOCIATED Press,
TOKYO, Sep. 3o.-The Domei
agency said today that the Japanese
Finance Ministry, on orders from
Gen. Macarthur, had frozen assets
and property Of Axis nationals in
Japan.
The agency said nationals of Ger
many, Italy, Bulgaria, Finland.
Siam, Romania and Hungary would
be required to report their holdings
in Japan to the Finance Ministry
within week. Penalty for noncom-
pliance will be a maximum of three
years in prison or fine of 10000 yen
(about $670 as the present exchange
rate).
Evening star., 1945-09-20
Truman Will Join Democrats
At Outing on Jefferson Island

President Truman will join Dem
acratic members of the Senate and
House and Government officials on
a weekend outing at Jefferson Is
land, the party's hunting and fish
ing rendezvous in Chesapeake Bay,
White House Press Secretary
Charles G. Ross announced today.
The President and others in the
party will leave Washington by
automobile Saturday afternoon and
60 to Annapolis, wnere they will
board boat for the island. The
return trip will be made Sunday
afternoon.
In addition to the Washington
party, Maryland Democrats also will
Evening star., 1945-09-20
Giles Urges Air Force
Occupation Of Japan
For Next 100 Years
Three B-29 Generals
Meet Press After
Flying From Orient

1t. Gen. Barney M. Giles, who
commanded the flight of three
B-29s from Japan to Washing
ton, today advocated mainte-
nance of an American occupa-
tional air force in Japan for the
next 100 years.
when I say 1OG years I mean it, -
Gen. Giles, deputy chief of the Stra-
tegic Air Forces in the Pacific, de-
clared
He appeared at Pentagon press
conference with Maj Gen. Curtis E
LIE May and Brig. Gen. Emmett
ODonnell. jr., who commanded the
other B-29s which completed the
6,5O0-mile flight last night at Ma
tional Airport after an unscheduled
refueling stop at Chicago.
Gen. LIE May, who directed B-2e
attacks on Japan, told the confer
ence "the atomic bomb had nothing
to do with the end of the war al
all"
THE war would have been over ir
two weeks without the Russians
coming in and without the atomic
bomb" he declared.
Meanwhile, the tired and happy
crewmen~ of the Super Forts which
made the trip in less than 80 hours
prepared for leaves or discharge.
Most of them were visiting the
War Department for a report or
the attempted nonstop, 6,500-mile
trip to the National Airport from
Mizutani Airport on Hokkaido. The
flight would have succeeded had il
not been for abnormal head winds
over Canada.
Gen. Giles said the bombers might
have continued to Washington. His
plane, he declared, had 700 gallons
of gasoline when it landed at Chi
cago, while the plane commanded
by Gen. LIE May had 1000 gallons
and the plane commanded by Gen
ODonnell had 1900 gallons.
weren't Taking Chances"
But this was not stunt" he
said, "and we weren't taking
chances. The planes are too ex.
pensive."
He estimated that each plane
would have required 800 gallons fol
the 650-mile flight from Chicago tt
Washington.
The decision on a refueling stoI
was made while over Regina
Canada, after unforeseen heae
winds had slowed the bombers. Tht
first plan was for one plane to lane
at Minneapolis, another at Detroi
and the third, Gen. LIE Mays PLAN
to continue to Washington. Because
of the small fields, however, it wa
decided that the landing would b'
made at Chicago, and Gen. LIE Ma.
decided to join them there.
Set American Record.
The planes had taken of from
Japan at 4:01 pm. (EWT) and land
ed at Chicago after having flow1
5,995 miles-the American nonstop
record, but not world record.
When they landed in Chicago
Gen. ODonnell's plane had beer
airborne for Is hours 81 minutes
Gen. Giles plane had been in th'
air 26 hours and "a minutes, whil'
the plane commanded by Gen. II
May had been in the air 27 hour
and 80 seconds.
The three bompers separated afte
leaving Regina, but after following
separate routes to Minneapolis, De
troit and Washington, the decision
was made by Gen. Giles to have al
three meet at Chicago and fly to-
gether to Washington. This &C
counted for the differences in air
borne time of the three planes
since they took off from Japan a
one minute intervals.
After a short stop the planes tool
1super SUPER FORTS. A-3)
Evening star., 1945-09-20
Sd Fleet Sails
FromTokyoWith
Load
HoIsey and Nimitz Due
To Join Force for
Homeword Voyage
Ey the Associated press.

Ey the Associated Press.
TOKYO, Sept. 20.-Seventeen
ships of Admiral Halsey's Sd
Fleet steamed out of Tokyo Bay
this afternoon, carrying several
thousand Navy personnel home
for discharge.
Gen. Macarthur simultaneously
announced that three-fourths of
Japan's homeland army had been
disarmed and demobilized in half
the allotted time.
DemobiliZation of the japanese
has continued at the rate of $4,000
men daily. Gen. Macarthur report
ed. There we're 2,253 900 japanese
under arms in the home islands Au-
gust Is, and approximately l,645,-
600 had been demobilized by Sep
tember 17-with only 100000 to go
by the October Is disarmament
deadline.
More to Join at Okinawa.
In addition to American Navy
personnel being ferried home for
discharge, crewmen themselves on
many of Admiral Halsey's II war
ships expect to remain in the United
States.
Three other battleships and some
lesser feet units will join the home
ward-bound convoy at Okinawa.
From Pearl Harbor the ships will
60 to various American ports in time
to participate in Navy Day cere-
monies october 27.
Admiral Halsey was expected to
join the feet at Pearl Harbor Tor
its triumphant return to the United
States. Admiral Nimitz also probably
will make the homeward journey.
Flagship of the returning force
is the Alabama, bearing Rear Ad-
miral John F. Shafroth, jr.
The battleships Iowa, Wisconsin
and South Dakota and the Older
Colorado and West Virginia are
other capital ships in Admiral Sha-
froth's force. Accompanying them
are the aircraft carrier Ticonderoga
the light cruisers Amsterdam, Vicks-
burg and Tucson, and the destroyers
Samuel N. Moore, Lymon K. Sven
son, Maddox, Mansfield. Blue, Brush
and Collett.
Missouri Departed Earlier.
At Okinawa, they will be joined
by the battleships Texas, Arkansas
and Nevada and other units.
Admiral Nimitz's flagship for The
surrender ceremony in Toyko Bay
the Missouri, had preceded Admiral
Shafroth's force eastward to partici-
pate in New York's Navy day cele-
bration.
Other ships .of the Sd Fleet re-
manned in japanese waters, inte-
grated with the 5th Fleet, under
Admiral Raymond A. Spruance.
Meanwh lie. Doughboys of 1t. Gen
o. w. Griswold's 14th Army Corps
spread the peaceful occupation tc
Sendai, occupying the city 200 miles
north of Tokyo without incident
Troops of the corps 11th Airborne
Division and 9th Infantry Division
famed out quietly through an area
more than 200 miles long, north
south, and from SO to 100 miles wide
The headquarters city of Sendai
reached earlier by advance head.
quarters elements, once contained
(See FLEET, Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1945-09-20
Truman 10 Continue
RooseveIt's Polio Drives

President Truman will carry on
Franklin D. Roosevelt's practice Of
raising funds to fight infantile
paralysis each January 80, but the
birthday balls will be replaced by
memorial concerts.
Basil O'Connor, president of the
National Infantile Paralysis Foun-
dation, said today that the Mile Of
Dimes and other forms of money
raising will continue.
Evening star., 1945-09-20
LuureI Results

FIRST RAcE-$2. 900: maiden 3-year-
olds and up: 6 furlonss.
Amici {Gonzale1) $50 800 go
/ Hedfethorn tRudert) 400 $50
Sheila May fBuxtcn) 4.6O
Also ran-Boh Did. Party Girl Aralak.
parslo. Rate Case, jimmie's Aide, Hads
! Paul, Royal Favor. and Edgemere.
a.. McHenry-j. Richards, jr., entry.
Evening star., 1945-09-20
Senate Gets Measure
Providing 2O96 Boost
In Federal Salaries
Downey PIon Covers
l,500. 900 Workers in
U. S., 240, 900 Here
By JOSEPH YOUNG.

Legislation providing Tor a ZU
per cent basic wage increase for
Government employees was intro
duced today in the Senate by
Chairman Downey of the Senate
Civil Service Committee.
Designed to apply to all Federal
workers in the executive branch of
the Government, the bill affects
about $4,000 employees here. Nation
ally, total of 100000 Gov
ernment employees would come un-
der the provisions of the bill.
Senator Downey said his immedi-
ate purpose in introducing the bill
was to seek to make up the differ
ence in take-home pay between the
amount presently received for a 40
hour week and the amount received
as overtime compensation for a A.
hour and a 48-hour week.
Federal employees lost about % per
cent in "take-home" pay last month
when the Government eliminated
overtime and went back on 40
hour week. This just about nulli-
fed any financial benefits Govern
ment employees received several
months ago when the Federal Pay
Act was passed. Senator Downey
was co-author of the legislation.
Legislative Employees Included.
Besides boosting the pay of clas-
sified Federal employees, Senator
Downey's measure also would give
legislative and judicial employees a
10 per cent increase over existing
rates. These employees are now
given 10 per cent increases over
basic rates in lieu of overtime pay.
In addition, District employees
whose salaries are fixed by the Clas-
si1cation Act would get 20 per cent
additional under the bill. However,
District police, flremen and school
teachers would not be covered by
the bill.
In announcing he had prepared
the bill, the Californian said 81
per cent of Government employees
now receive less than $4,000 an
nually.
Senator Downey said his bill was
in response to the recommendation
made by President Truman in his
recent message to Congress that
Federal salaries be raised. The
President described Federal wages
as "pitiful and inadequate"
Calls Raise Untimely.
In the House, Chairman RAM
speck of the Civil Service Commit
tee said he did not think that this
was the time for another Federal
pay raise. The Georgia legislator.
who together with Representative
jackson, Democrat, of Washington,
and Senator Downey was respons-
ible for pushing through the recent
pay bill, feels that clarifcation of
the national wage policy is needed
before Congress can establish fair
wage rates for Government en-
ployes.
Hearings on Senator Downey's S
measure will open in few weeks
Meanwhile, Senator Wherry, Re-
publican, OF Nebraska introduced a
resolution in the Senate yesterday
calling for appointment of a
30-member joint congressional COM
mittee to conduct an exhaustive
investigation of all Government en-
ployes' salaries.
The joint committee would be
given an expense fund of $4,000 tc
establish uniform levels of salaries
for all employees appointed or elect.
ed, including members of Congress
and administrative officials.
Evening star., 1945-09-20
British Give Priority
To Food in Purchases
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Sept. 20.-Lord Beaver
brooks Daily Express predicted today
that Britain will buy nothing "on
the slate" from the United States
and Canada.
"The government has decided to
buy food in preference to every
other form of commodity in Amer
ica," said The papers political writer.
Guy Eden. IAN acute shortage OF
currency has forced the decision,
which means that Britain must DO
without almost everything that IN.
wolves spending dollars"
Evening star., 1945-09-20
BY JAMES Y. NEWTON.

| Chairman George w. Taylor
of the War Labor Board was re-
ported authoritatively today to
have submitted his resignation,
to become effective October IS,
to President Truman.
This move came as Secretary OF
Labor Schwellenbach tried to weld
the WLB and the other agencies
transferred to him by the President
into a machine to deal effectively
with the Nations troubled industrial
relations situation. WLB was held
to be the key agency in the Secre-
tary's immediate plans.
Meanwhile, Edgar L. Warren, the
new head of the Labor Department S
Cancellation Service, moved quickly
against rising industry unrest by
dispatching seven conciliators to
Detroit in an attempt to straighten
out labor troubles. The other con-
ciliators were sent from here and
joined Federal officers already In
Detroit.
| Confers with Schwelienbach.
| Mr.. Warren, counted ON by the
Secretary to recognize the con-
ciliation service and direct efforts
toward peace between labor and in
dustry, held lengthy conferences
yesterday with Mr.. Schwellenbach
and other top labor officials. his first
day on the job.
Mr.. Taylor refused comment on
the report that he has resigned.
Other members of the board likewise
would say little about their future
plans. 1t was held virtually certain
that some other members would step
cut if the chairman leaves.
The War Labor Board met in
emergency session yesterday and
then conferred for an hour with Mr..
Schwellenbach, their new boss. The
latter meeting was described as
lively"
Some board members said they
were unable to determine from the
Secretary just what he expected the
board to do in his new labor rela-
tions machine.
Clarification Sought.
A labor member asked Mr.. Schwel-
lenbach for clarification of the
boards position, saying that the
Secretary in one breath said the
board was to be abolished and in
the next talked about methods of
certifying new dispute cases to the
board.
Mr.. Schwellenbach had COM
planned that prior to transfer OF
WLB to his department he had
been unable to step into disputes
being handled by the board. He
cited the Kelsey-Hayes Wheel Co.
strike, which brought about shut
down of Ford operations, as case
in point.
A WLB member pointed out to the
Secretary that the board gets q
dispute only after the Labor De.
partment has thrown up its hands
and indicated that 1t cannot settle
the dispute.
Some doubt also was reported ir
the minds of board industry mem.
bers as to whether they should con-
tinue to serve now that WLB's in.
dependence has been more or less
taken away and it has been SHIFTED
under a political" head.
Those members, 1t was said, sought
further instructions from industry
before they entered into further
/ .1E~- AnOn n@-~ q
Evening star., 1945-09-20
IS Army Doctors Flown
To U. 5. for Discharge
Ey the Associated Press.

Ey the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Sept. 2O-Fifteen
Army doctors arrived today at La
Guardia Field from Paris aboard an
air transport, eager to re-enter ci-
william practice after duty in Ger
many and France
They were among the first OF
more than 1000 medical officers be-
ing returned from the European
theater for discharge on points OF
because Of age, in a move to relieve
the shortage of civilian doctors.
Evening star., 1945-09-20

Administration forces in the
Senate believe they will succeed
in keeping the 5000 travel allow
ance for migrant war workers in
the jobless aid bill today. after
losing two battles yesterday to
States-rights advocates.
Overriding two of President Tru-
mans reconversion recommends
tions, the Senate yesterday voted,
Sc to %, to return United States
Employment Service offices to the
States within 80 days, and rejected.
81 to 20, an effort to give States
the option of taking Federal in
creases in weekly unemployment
payments up to a. maximum of $25.
After the fight over travel pay,
the Senate is expected to pass the
bill, which leaves weekly benefits
at State levels, but enables States
to obtain Federal grants to extend
the duration to 26 weeks.
Employment Bill Due Today.
While the House takes up the
battle over this emergency recon-
version problem, the Senate will
square away for a more intense
fight over the long-range full en-
ployment bill, which is due to be
reported out of the Banking Com
mittee late today.
Designed to head off future de-
pressions by putting Congress on
record to take whatever action may
be needed to give all able-bodied
Americans job opportunities, the
bill is expected to touch of long
debate over public spending policies
when private enterprise appears un-
likely to provide enough jobs.
Although the objectives of the
bill have met general approval In
committee, the 20 members of the
Banking Committee have divided
almost evenly over the extent to
which Congress should go in guar
anteeing jobs.
The only major change the opposi-
ton has succeeded in making was to
modify the declaration of policy yes
| terday to provide that Americans
"are entitled to an opportunity" to
work, instead of have right to an
opportunity" to work.
| CIO Stages March.
While Senators worked on both
bills yesterday, a delegation of 500
CIO members from New York ar
rived in the city and marched to the
Capitol to urge approval Of Presi-
dent Truman's recommendations on
unemployment compensation, the
Unemployment bill and an increase
in the Accent minimum wage level.
| The move to strike travel pay
from the emergency unemployment
bill came late yesterday from Sem
ator Mcclellan, Democrat, of Ar
kansas, and caused a recess until
today. 1t would apply to workers
who left their homes since Decem-
Der 7, 1941, to accept essential jobs.
They could be given funds to get
themselves and dependents home, or
to another job the same distance
away, but not to exceed 5000.
AS the bill now stands, even the
extension of benefit duration to
26 weeks would depend on written
request from the Governor of each
State. Before final passage this re-
quirement may be knocked out.
Senator Wagner, Democrat, Of
New York also has an amendment
to broaden the District of Colum-
bia unemployment act by raising
the $50 maximum here to s25 for
workers with dependents. 1t has
not yet been debated.
No opposition has developed to
provisions of the bill under which
the Federal Government would pay
unemployment compensation to
Government employees and maritime
workers for the first time.
Evening star., 1945-09-20
Taylor's S Resignation
From Guardianship
OF WLB Reported
Seven ConciIiotors Sent
To Detroit by Warren
To Seek Labor Peace

10000 IDLE IN LABOR disputes;
thousands quit at reflneries.
Page AZ
Evening star., 1945-09-20
Approval Seen
For $500 Travel
Pay for Job|ess
Senate Is Expected
To Pass Bill After
Voting on Allotment
BULLETIN.

BY a vote of IS to II the
Senate today refused to strike
travel pay for migrant war
workers, up to a 5000 limit,
from the emergency unem-
ployment compensation bill.
Evening star., 1945-09-20

Batteries-Benton and Swift; Reynolds
and Hayes.
Evening star., 1945-09-20

ISee LABOR, Page A-6.)
Evening star., 1945-09-20

(See BIG FIVE, Page A-3D
Evening star., 1945-09-20

(See FLEET, Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1945-09-20

Temperatures-High, 70, at 1870 pm;
low, 60, at $40 am. Yesterday-Hieh,
p, at 1:20 pm; low, 81, at 1:48 am.
Montana labor news., 1945-04-12
DEMOCRATS WILL
OBSERVE
NATIONAL EVENTS
By FRANK MURRAY

ny EAhNA MOhAbhL
Three important dates are coming up
in which you and every other person in
your precincts and county in Montana,
should be deeply interested One is
April 1S-National Democratic Day-in
honor of the birthday of Thomas JET
ferson, founder OF the Democratic party
and author OF the Declaration of hide
pendence. President Roosevelt will make
a radio address on this date from 7:SO
to 500 p. m. MWT, The other date,
and a vitality important one, is June s.
special election day for you folks-to fill
the vacancy caused by the untimely
death OF our late friend and Democratic
congressman, Jim O'Connor.
The other important date is April 25,
1s45 when the United Nations will meet
in San Francisco to draft a charter for
a world security organization. This
charter will be presented to the parlia-
ments of the world, including the U. S
senate-for ratification.
The baUtle is already under way. The
Charter OF san Francisco will not be a
perfect instrument. but it viii put down
on paper the general area Of agreement
under which the United Nations can live
in peace and Join to fight any aggres-
sion.
Neither were the Versailles Treaty and
the League Of Nations Covenant perfect
Instruments. A minority report from the
Senate Committee on Foreign Relations
set the realistic tone for ratification, and
that report is valid today as a keynote
for the vast majority of the people who
will want it approved:
Montana labor news., 1945-04-12

we renew our Recommendation that
the work of the peace conference be
confirmed, the will of the people full.
filled, and the peace of the world adj
vanced by ratification of this treaty
the best hope OF the world'-even if.
like all human instrumentalities, it be
not divinely perfect in every detail"
JGffeusOn's Party-I945
Unequal rights, privileges to the few
these we're, at bottom, the aims Of the
Nazi-Fascist-Japanese aggression. these
their goal and the world their field.
SO it is with all aggressions. That is
why a true democracy is not, cannot be.
an aggressor nation. For democracy
means equal rights for all and special
privilege to none"
That is why it is more than coinci-
dence that a leader worthy of worldwide
trust in the greatest Of all mankind's
INTERCHANGEABLE end Of wars-should
arise from the ranks of the Democratic
party.
ma IS why we Democrats, members
OF the party Of Thomas Jefferson. accept
it naturally as our duty to support this
leader, Franklin D Roosevelt, in the
making Of peace.
That is why we Democrats support
those parts of the peace program that
are already Observation-Disclosures Woods,
Dumbarton oaks, the steps taken at
Yalta.
And that is why we are willing and
eager to back up our President in the
vast labors still to be accomplished. at
San Francisco and wherever, on this
earth, the road to peace may take him.