davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18
Land Plane or Boat?
(New York Times

(New York Times)
 Exgencies of the war have by means ended the debate among the proponents respectively of land planes and flying boats fer the long air services of tomorrow. Both types of aircraft have performed extremely well during the years. The spotlight has inevitably favored the land plane in the period because of the necessity of ferryng military planes and materials of over long distances, and the obvious advantage of using many of such aircraft types in actual combat. Most of the war-pane types and most of the available transport types actually developed ready for development were land planes The greatest enthusiast for air would hardly have ventured predict that well over 200O0 successful transatlantic flights would be completed in five years or that losses would be well under per cent Flights in the Pacific theatre have been equally impressive
 The Society of British Aircraft Constructors points out however that while, number of counts, such as the relation of structure weight to total weight and adaptability streamining and pressure cabins the land plane seems have the better of the argument there also important factors in which the flying boat has advantages Its supporters point to the fact that it lends itself to development in large sizes, that it would be permitted a longer take-off than is economically feasible for land planes, that the wing loading could be higher than that of land plane equivalent and that the flying boat operates from ready-made surface the water which occupies two- thirds of the worlds crust and has upon it's fringes many of the worlds most important cities With every increase in weight the land plane needs propor- tionaly heavier undercariage which reduces dispos- able load and the cost of adequate aports becomes an important consideration.
 Orders already placed by American carriers for new equipment for immediate postwar use are heavily preponderant in and-plane types Pan American World Airways for example has placed orders for large fleet of hgh-speed aircraft all of which are known to be land planes The largest has gross weight of l84 900 pounds and capacity for 49 passengers An other type, of which the company has ordered fleet of twenty will carry l08 passengers and gross weight of 62 900 pounds nearly twice that of the present Clipper flying boat. However the performance of the Navys PBY and PBM patrol boats, the aston ishing lcad-carrying and rangs marks set by the Martin Mars and the forward designs which several manufacturers have brought far along toward the flight stage support the belief that the flying boat will by no be out of the running in the category of giant aircraft It's advantages as well as those of the land plane in the larger sizes, should be fully exploited by actual production and test in service before any final determination can be made as to whether the gobal airways can best be served by planes with hus planes with wheels. The prob ability is that both types will find broadly expanded field of utility.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18
ARMY WITHOUT TOWARDS

From Paris not long ago came the statement, in an Associated Press dispatch, that since D-day not
 single American soldier in France has been executed for cowardice deserton in the face of the enemy or any other military offense for which death is man. datory" soldiers not angels Out of hundreds of thousands of men four have been executed for murder twelve for rape. We were recently told that
 few soldiers had diverted military gasoline into the black market. Many have doubtless overstayed their infrequent leaves. Some have doubtless drunk more than was good for them The majority may occasion ally use language not suited for mixed company. But where they faced the enemy they have been good soldiers.
 We may have to revise that conception of history which throws the greatest virtues into the past Am erican soldiers deserted in great numbers during the Revolution They several times away in senseless panic during the War of 1872. On both sides during the Civil War deserton was major problem Has the stock improved since then? Certainly it has been enriched by variety of racial strains. More probably the military qualities which Americans show today are the product of better premilitary educa- tion, better military training and the kind of self discipline which the of machines and of technical
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18

What the War Food Administra- tion is up against in regard to over-age foods is illustrated by one telegram it received from the Tulsa Cold Storage Company, Tulsa, Oklahoma, which read: "Unloaded May Is, three cars current receipt eggs packed by Oklahoma shippers One car from Fl Reno Poultry Company, Fl Reno, Oklahoma, ex- tremely bad condition. Old dirty pine eases very poorly nailed, old worn out fibre cases, some straw berry crates, orange crates. Cracked and broken eggs throughout car some rots. Very poor packing ma terial throughout car It was neces- sary for us to remake 75 to 100 of these cases on this car.
 Also unloaded car from Swift & Company local branch. Very bad condition. No tops on cases, mashed eggs throughout, considerable mold. One case contained dead mouse.
 AS advised you previous wire, we cannot unload any more of your junk
 Chief mistake of the War Food Administration has been not to in- spect shipments of eggs before re- ceiving them, refusing to pay for these in bad shape Result is that some warehouses object to storing government food, especially eggs.
 Copyright, l945, by the
 Bell Syndicate, Inc)
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18
 "The stars incline
 but do not compel"
FRIDAY. JANUARY 19

Mixed aspects are seen in the horoscope for today. Jupiter is in kindly sway in the evening. The configuration stimulates construc- tive planning.
 HEART AND HOME: Caution in speaking about war news or men, tioning guesses regarding military or naval movements will have lasting effect, according to the seers. Gossip will be less prevalent in the future and words more care fully guarded. This restraint will extend to the family circle, where discussions or quarrels will be less frequent.
 BUSINESS AFFAIRS Heavier taxes are forecast for the nation but there is a sign that promises acceptance with a truly patriotic spirit. Astrologers stress that the United States is the only great country that has not yet sustained losses through attack, and realiza- tion of this fact should result in grateful payment for immunity.
 NATIONAL ISSUES: Mental and physical strain will take a heavy toll of life among leading men and women this year. The need of wise rest and recreation will be widely preached by physicians.
 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS S: China is under a configuration pre- saging internal difficulties that will involve the United States in deli cate diplomatic negotiations with Chiang Kai-shek, who is subject to adverse aspects at this time.
 Persons whose birthdate it is have the augury of year of ad- vancement toward coveted goals. Temptation to indulge in luxuries will be strong.
 Children born on this day prob ably will have prosperous careers. They will excel in unusual voca- tions.
 Copyright, 1945)
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18
CAPITAL CHAFF

Congratulations to Miami Beach, Florida, on helping convalescing servicemen and their families to find apartments. Apartment-hunt- ing in over-crowded Miami is tough, but in recent weeks a small group of citizens secured 146 apart ments for servicemen. also organ ized a house hospitality committee for opening Miami homes to re- turning servicemen, built a snack bar at the local YM.H.A. and signed ITS merchants out of 250 in the military area with hospi- tality pledges, which means cash discounts for soldiers.
 Orchids to the soldiers canteen organized by the citizens of New Philadelphia and Dover, Ohio. These two adjoining towns have the distinction of being about the livliest of any cities in the United States not on a main railroad. So they have stationed their elaborate canteen 10 miles away at the nearest trunk line, and keep it going night and day.
 OWI received notice one morn- ing that Bob Kleiman. one of their overseas writer's, had been re- classified by the D. c. draft board and put ill IA. Same morning Kleiman landed in the Philippines. With him in the boat were corre- spondents Asiel Ace" Bush who was killed, and Willard Hess, who was wounded Maybe" cracked an OWI official, "Bob's draft board wants to bring him back to keep
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18
LOOK and LEARN Say c. GORDON

English nobleman letters and customs his legitmate son? s bail? newspaper slang who the slot man? beautiful Ahasuetu to be his wife? S a Mandrake?
  Chesterfield the of prisoner in court at the The head the copy in u
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18
Daily Lessons in English v v. L. GORDON

WORDS OFTEN NfIsUsED say talk makes tired talk me
 Falsetto fo-set-o in NO, second syllable
 OFTEN Guleless; observe the LEI
 SYNONYMS Rural, rustic pastoral bucolic
 three times and is yours Let us word each day Todas word oSTENTATIOUS; peentios This philanthropy that bueS gold builds it's hospital in the human art.'-Harey
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18

processes develops. But it doesn't have to be ex- plained. There it is War is more horrible than ever before Our fighting standing up to it more vaanty than before. the valiantly because none of them denies the presence of fear Pride stands beside sorrow and anxiety think of them
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18
MODERN ETIQUETTE 'y yhoRrRrA LEE

girl on the street to talk with her?
 If he wishes to talk for few minutes with the direction she is going Q P C. signify when it is on visiting card?
 French and ito take leave" should the refreshments be served? A the vingroom, the porch, the lawn
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18

Secret plan is to bring ambitious Oscar Cox, who was the brains be- hind Stettinius in the Lend-Lease Administration, over to the State Department under Clayton. Then Clayton and Cox would run TEA.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18
NOTICE.
WARNING TO AUTOISTS,

Auto owners are warned now is the time to purchase 1945 auto plates, and are cautioned not only to purchase them, but to place them on their cars.
 JOHN MONAGLE,
 Chief of Police
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18
20 YEARS AGO {yf%E hME EMPIRE
JANUARY IS, 1925

JANUARY 18 1925
 defeated the Couegas at basket by five took the game from 
 night the Ek bowers o the First City won 0 2673 pins to 2599
 Martha Society at the home of Mrs C. w. Cheatham Callahan 9 in the previous seat in the Territorial L ue according Canvassng Board previous night surprised Mrs Berggren at her home birthday Those in the party Boddng Hall Mrs Conn., Capt Chalk Kibun Paul Mrs Pierce Getchel, Mrs Pykull
 Weather report High, cloudy
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18

the phone.
 .Is MT. Mum there" asked voice inquiring for the Congress mans secretary.
 Nope" replied Gallagher, The ain't here. Who's calling?"
 This is the White House. We'll call back" answered the voice.
 Nuts to you practical jokers, said Gallagher, banging down the phone.
 To his surprise, after Gallaghers secretary returned, the phone rang again and it really was one of the White House secretaries wanting some information.
 Later the same day, Gallagher walked over to the stately Senate caucus room, where he attended the D ocrati ic policy making powwow. When it was all over, he ambled out of the room, but couldn't get his bearings.
 Hey, boy" hollered Gallagher at good-natured young Congressman Outland of California. How in hell do I get out of here?"
 Outland smiled, showed him the way back to the House Office Building. He didn't tell the gentle man. from Minnesota who he was.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18

Grand Coulee dam has three times the bulk of Boulder dam
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18
SAVE TIE PIECES

of your broken lenses and send them to Box 468, Ketchikan, Alaska. They will be replaced promptly in our large and well equipped labora- tory. c. M. and R. L. Carlson.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18
Washington Merry
 Go-Round

(Continued from Page One)
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18
HAPPY BIRTHDAY

JANUARY IS
 Mary Joyce Velma McDaniel Mrs. Harold R. Brown Mrs. E. Kirkpatrick Mrs. Allen R. Benshaw Amy Gaylor Mark Schwender Clare Wright
 L. M. Cary
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18

previous night the Elks bowers o the won over the Elks of Juneau 2673 pins to 2599.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18
WFA ROTTEN EGGS

him out of the war
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18
sTETTINIUs SPREADS OUT

When Secretary Stettinius ap- peared before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee to urge con- ffrmation of his new assistants, he was asked about press reports that he planned to wrest from Leo Crowley the Foreign Economic Ad- ministration--one of the best-run agencies of the Government-and place it under new Assistant Sec retary Will Clayton, millionaire cotton king.
 Stettinius replied soothingly, and tried to convince the Senators they were unduly worried.
 But last week a very significant move occurred that looks as if Stettinius was going right ahead with his maneuver.
 President Roosevelt called in Lauchlin Currie, who has run the TEA for Crowley, and told Currie he could no longer spare him from his regular job as White House Administrative Assistant. Currie has long been attached to the White House, but was loaned to help Crowley run PEA. Now, the President said, he wanted Currie to come back fulltime.
 Those who know the score around Washington, see the hand of Stettinius, Harry Hopkins and Clayton behind this bit of Presi- dential diplomacy. Roosevelt has been able to spare Currie for IT months without any noticeable ripple around the White House. In view of the manpower shortage, his advisers think he could spare him longer. But that isn't the point.
 The point is that the State De- paytment wants to euchre the Foreign Economic Administration under its steadily expanding wing.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18

The Martha Society met at Mrs C. w. Cheatham
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-01-18

Weather report: High. 2s; low, 27; cloudy.
Evening star., 1945-09-05
Carrier Philippine Sea
Launched al Quincy, Mass
Ey the Associated Press.

Ey the Associated Press
QUINCY, Mass, Sept. 5.-The air.
craft carrier Philippine Sea, named
for one of the most decisive Allied
victories Of the war, was launched
today at the yards of the Bethlehem
Steel Co.
| The huge carrier, on which con-
struction was far advanced when the
japanese surrendered, was christ
ened by Mrs. Albert B. Chandler
wife of Senator Chandler, Democrat
Of Kentucky.
A member of the Essex class, the
Philippine Sea was the fifth carrier
to be launched at the Quincy yards.
The others were the Lexington, the
Bunker Hill, the Wasp and the Han
cock.
The Navy said the Philippine Sea
was completed despite cessation of
hostilities because the great value of
aircraft carriers had been clearly
established during the war.
Evening star., 1945-09-05
Doughton and Cannon
See Little Chance Of
Immediate Tax Cut

Chairman Doughton of the tax
writing House Ways and Means
Committee agreed today with Sec
retary of the Treasury Vinson that
heavy taxes are likely for some
time.
So did Chairman Cannon of the
House Appropriations Committee,
although the Missourian voiced the
hope some billions" of dollars al
ready appropriated could be recov-
cred.
Mr.. Cannon gave his views as his
committee met to hear Budget Di-
rector Harold D. Smiths ideas on
how much money already allotted
for the current fiscal year could be
turned back into the Treasury.
But whatever the amount, Mr.
Cannon said, he Is not optimistic
over the prospects of cutting taxes
for some time because we still will
need billions to operate the Gov
ernment and finance the national
debt, and we must get around to
UdidIlClIlS tile UuuScb.
Can't Make Heavy Cuts.
Mr.. Doughton told newspapermen,
II don't see how we can make great
tax cuts" adding:
But we won't close the door.
never visualized any heavy cuts as
some people are predicting. But
want taxes as low as possible for a
sound economy"
The North Carolinian led the con-
gressional battle that scrapped for
mer Secretary Morgenthau's 1943
Treasury proposal for 100000, 900
in added taxes. The battle ended
IN bill producing a compromise
amount Of about $4,000, ,O0o,0 addi-
tional
Wilson's Views Practical.
Commenting on Secretary Vim
sons Labor Day tax speech in
Peoria, ILL.,, Mr.. Doughton said: 81
believe he is practical man. We
won't be a great deal apart"
Secretary Vinson said that ever
after rehabilitation and reconver-
sion the Federal budget probably
would be around ,000,000,000 a
year and to meet such an obliga.
ton I'VE must have sizable taxes
although we may be able to make
some reductions in the tax rates"
Mr.. Daughton has said his COM
mittee will turn Immediately tc
writing tax-revision bill as soor
as it completes work on legislation
proposing higher unemployment
benefits.
Evening star., 1945-09-05
Occupation
Continued From First Page.)

Elements of his 32d Division landed
from ships and air transports yes
terday at the south end OF Kyu-
shu, taking over Japan's kamikaze
(suicide) staging base at Karioys
airfleld and strip of Kagoshims
Bay.
The southern half of Korea is to
be occupied by yet another Ameri-
can force.
The honor of being the first
American force into Tokyo was as
signed to the 1st Cavalry Division
which, under Maj. Gen. Innis p
Swift, invaded the Admiralties, and,
under Maj. Gen. Verne D. Nudge
was first into Manila last February
The 1st Cavalry, now commanded
by Maj. Gen. William C. Chase,
presently is stationed between Yo-
kohama and Tokyo.
Other Requirements.
Gen. MacArthur's lengthy direc-
tive included these specifications:
The commander of the Japanese
1st Army will report to Gen. Eichel-
Evening star., 1945-09-05
u. S. and Soviet to Have
Seats for First Time

PARIS, Sept. S lP).-Britain and
France awaited Spain's reply today
to a request that she withdraw her
troops from strategic Tangier as the
first step toward reconstituting the
international zone there under a
governing body on which the United
States and Soviet Russia will be
represented for the first time.
Plans for re-establishment of the
zone were announced by the Foreign
Ministry in a communique disclos-
ing the results of Paris conferences
last month by British, French,
American and Soviet representa-
tives.
Neither the United States nor
Russia participated in the note ask
ing the withdrawal of Generalissimo
Francisco Frances troops, because
of their status as newly invited
members of the control council.
Situated on the African side of
the Strait of Gibraltar, Tangier is
of great strategic Importance be-
cause of its potential value in con-
trolling the western entrance to the
Mediterranean.
Evening star., 1945-09-05
BY FRANCES p. BOLTON,
Written for the Associated Press.

eA1SSSA~eS3
MOSCOW, Sept. 5.--My first i'm
pressions Of Russia are of the big
ness of everything, including the
hearts of the people whom we have
met and talked with on the streets
and farms.
Faces light up and smiles break
through when they identify us as
Americans.
Babies are babies the world over
Eager school children are very much
of piece too.
Interest in America Is keen
Everyone appears to want to know
about the great democracy across
the sea.
We have asked many questions
and have received most informative
answers.
From my contacts so far I am
convinced that wise leadership and
prudent craftsmanship on the part
of both countries can maintain and
Evening star., 1945-09-05
Druft
Continued From First Page. )

case of enlisted men In military
government units now scheduled for
early movement to the Pacific to
help in the occupation, and en-
listed men assigned to headquarters
of the 7th and 18th Corps, also
scheduled to sail soon.
However, in the case of those ex-
ceptions, none will be sent overseas
providing he has go or more points,
is 81 or is "a to 36, inclusive, with
one year of honorable service.
All men no longer subject to as
signment overseas, the Army said
will be screened out of units being
redeployed to the Pacific and none
will be sent as replacements. There
have been complaints from soldiers
of several divisions scheduled fol
Pacific duty after service in Eu-
rope.
However, the S6tlf Division already
is at sea and will continue. Like
wise, all of the e7th Division except
Evening star., 1945-09-05

the last 20 years, was elected mod
orator Of the Presbyterian Synod of
Virginia yesterday at the opening
OF the 158th annual three-day ses-
sion. He succeeds DR.. T. K. Currie,
Richmond.
DR.. Murray, former superintend-
ent Of missions in the Lexington
Presbtery, served as chaplain dur
ing the World War and was educat-
cd at Davidson College and the
Union Theological Seminary here.
Evening star., 1945-09-05
Italians Seize, Disrobe
Two Girls in u. S. Jeep

ROME, Sept. 5.-Jealous Italian
youths seized two Italian girls from
an American jeep last night and
disrobed them, setting off a mob
scene which was broken up by AL
lied military police.
Rome newspapers treated the in
cident humorously and reported
there were no casualties among the
1000 who crowded the Piazza Co.
lonna.
The Allied soldiers who had been
escorting the girls were not identi-
fled. Such outbreaks have become
fewer than several months ago.
Evening star., 1945-09-05
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Evening star., 1945-09-05
7 Union Officials Wounded
BY Former Factory Worker
Hy the Assocjated press.

Ey the Associated Press.
LODI, N. j., Sept. 5.-Two union
oficials were shot yesterday, Bergen
County Assistant Prosecutor Wal
lace 8. de Puy said, by a former
factory worker who was quoted by
Mr.. De Puy as saying, II got a
kicking around from the union"
Mr.. De Puy identified the worker
as Pat La Trenta, &c., of Lodi, and
said he was being held without bail
pending outcome Of the union off,
cials' injuries.
In critical condition at Hacken-
Evening star., 1945-09-05

sack Hospital was Stanley Wasek,
"a, Of Lodi, business manager of the
Dyers g. Fnishers Local 1888, with
a bullet wound In the groin. Tneo-
dore de Franco. 40, also of Lodi,
member of the locals board of trus-
tees, was at the same hospital, suf.
fering from shoulder wounds.
Mr.. De Puy said La Trenta,
member OF the local who had been
discharged by the United Piece Dye
Works. Lodi, about a year ago,
walked into the union office and
fired at the two officials with a
80 caliber pistol.
Evening star., 1945-09-05
Spain Will Withdraw
From 1angier Zone,
Madrid Source Saws
Ey the Associated Press

MADRID, Sept. Spain will
withdraw her troops from the
former international zone al
Tangier, across the strait from
Gibraltar, as requested by Brit
ain and France, a good author
ity said today.
GeneraliSsimo Frances govern
ment, however, may reply to the
British and French note with a de-
fense of Spain's unilateral action in
occupying Tangier in 1910. Spain
also may protest Russian participa-
tion in the administration.
According to Tangier dispatches
a majority of the 1000 Spanish
troops in the zone-in theory under
the orders of the Caliph of Span
ish Morocco as the Sultan's repre-
sentative, but actually under Span
ish command-already have been
Withdrawn. Only a skeleton staff Of
officers and small garrison remain,
the dispatches said.
There was certain satisfaction ex-
pressed here at an Interpretation
that Spain would be allowed to have
the same representation in the
zones administration as she had
before the seizure 1t was announced
in Paris that the provisional re-
giine of Tangier would be based on
the 1928 convention.