davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-04-28
Capture Of GRAHAM
by Italian Patriot
Forces Reported
b Tie Associated Prsss


Capture Of MArahal RodolSo
Graxani, War Minister IN ths
puppet North italian government q
Benito NusDolini and FORMER conn
fnander Of the Italian forces Ia
North Africa, has bean announced
by italian Patriot headquarters n
Milan. . broadcast said today.
The station identified itssR -
'The Voice Of the italian National
liberation COMMITTEE"
Guido Bu6arini- 0uidi, former
Secretary Of State and Minister of
the Interior In the Mussolini gov
ernment, has been captured By Ital-
ian Patriots ct Eorte1Ea while At
tempting to escape into Switzerland
and viii be brought before . peoples
court, . Patriot-controlled radio
station In North Italy said.
Mussolini's Arrest Reported.
Bu6arini-0 -0uiU also served for .
time q home minister In the
Fascist Republican government In
North italy.
Mussolini was arrested on the west
shore Of Lake Como. disguised -
Q German soldier and travelling In .
car mixed up with . German
column Of about 30 vehicles" the
Milan radio said.
Arrested at the same time in q
nearby town were said to be Ales-
sandro Pavolini, former secretary Of
tho Fascist party and secretary Of
state In Mussolini's puppet regime
In North italy, and francesca Mario
BArraco, undersecretary Of the min
isterial council. Other authorities
Of the Fascist regime were also In
tho German column, and their
Identification = proceeding" the
radio said.
Wearing German Uniform.
Details Of the arrest were given In
. telephone report to Milan by
Warrant Omcer scapi" whose re,
port was quoted In the broadcast as
follows:
The former Duce was travelling
by car. The car was mixed up with
4 German column Of about 80 We.
hicles.
"Sisnor Mussolini was wearing q
militia uniform and q German coat,
30 - to bs taken for . German
soldier"
The Paris radio and the French
press agency reported last night
that former French Premiers Paul
Reynaud, Edouard Daladier and
Edouard Herriot, and Gen. Maurice
dustave 0amelin. former COM
mAnder In chief Of the Allied land
armies. had crossed from Germany
into Switzerland.
Evening star., 1945-04-28
Will Represent U.S..
On Repdrutions Commission
Quits as Treasurer
Of Democratic Party
To Go to Moscow

Edwin w. Pauley Of California
42-year-old treasurer Of the Demo-
cratic National Committee, will rep
resent this Government on the Al
lied Reparatoins Commission to be
set up in Moscow to deal with the
Germans and on any subsequent
body charged with handling the
same problem as it relates to the
japanese.
The appointment was announced
late yesterday by President Truman
at hastily called press conference
Mr.. Pauley. who is resigning his
committee post, issued q statement
asserting that he is not q soft
peace man."
Mr.. Pauley, who will have the
rank of ambassador, assumes the
Moscow post to which Isador Lubin
long time head Of the Bureau OF
Labor Statistics Of the Labor De-
partment, was assigned by Secretary
of State Stettinius on March IL.
Lubin to Accompany Him.
Mr.. Lubin, who told newsmen that
this post was only tentative" after
the change was announced, will &C
company Mr.. Pauley as his asso-
ciate and will have the rank OF
minister.
President Truman gave no expla-
nation for the shift.
At the news conference, Mr.. Tru-
man read the letter to Mr.. Pauley
in which the scope of his duties was
outlined. Appended was . memo
randum telling Of the Lubin ap-
pointment.
Mr.. Lubin had been engaged on
reparations preliminary studies since
he returned to the United States
March 4 from q study of labor and
general economic problems In
France, Holland, Belgium and Ger
many.
Win Meet in Moscow.
Mr.. Truman said both men Will
cooperate with w. Averell Harri-
man, Ambassador to Moscow. The
Allied Preparations Commission
Mr.. Pauley said, will meet in the
Soviet capital some time after May
10. Britain and Russia also will be
represented on the commission.
In his statement, Mr.. Pauley, ar
oil man, said that whether there Il
q hard or soft peace is q question
Evening star., 1945-04-28
Clio Union PenaIized
For 'Coercive Action
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
The War Labor Board today PEN
allied cIo steel workers at Canton,
Ohio, for "coercive tactics" by
granting another 15-day escape
period" to members desiring to drop
from the union.
1t was the toughest breakdown by
the board thus far in dealing with
an abuse Of union security provi-
sions OF 4 contract.
The union at the Timken roller
bearing plant was granted mainte-
nance Of union membership and
check-od OF union dues q part Of
the recent WLB decision in the
basic steel industry.
This requires that all members
who do not quit the union within
10 days must continue In good
standing In order to hold their Jobs
Lloyd Z. Garrison, WLB vice
chairman, said In IN opinion that
during the escape period allowed
last December after the boards
original decision, each resignina
member was called upon not only to
waive his rights under the retroac-
tive pay provisions Of the boards
order, but also to accept q Nation
wide blacklist Of his name to be in
stituted by the union among ali
other unions In the country"
Mr.. Garrison called this "an in
defensible form Of intimidation" and
= deliberate interference with the
carrying out Of the boards order"
The board, therefore. ordered an
other 15-day escape period" be-
tween now and May IL, during which
any member may quit the union
with impunity and full protection OF
the boards original order. The de-
cision was voted 10 to 2. with two
C1o members Of the board, Carl J.
shipley and Neil Brandt, dissenting
Evening star., 1945-04-28
Freon Controls Dropped

The War Production Board today
removed all controls On the produc-
ton and distribution Of '.freon-
twelve" and freon-twenty-two," the
refriserants used In air-condition.
Ing and refrigerating systems.
Evening star., 1945-04-28

Do you know that you can have
that house Or farm In 10 years and
ut Is cents on the dollar by buying
War Bonds now?
Evening star., 1945-04-28

Have yen thsusht absut going
into business for yourself? Buy and
hsld enough War Bonds and youu
y set 70 opsn : snnall business ef
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-10
GIVES
BUDGET TO S0L0NS
Continued from Page One

Continued from Page One)
peacetime can be assured only
when the reduction in war demand
is approximately offset by addi-
tional peacetime demand from the
millions of consumers, business
and farmers, and by Federal,
State and local governments he
said. And that means consumers
expenditures and business invest
ments must increase by about so
per cent, measured in constant
prices, above the level of the year
1889 if full employment is to be
provided by private enterprise"
To this end, he said that ulti-
mately the wartime tax structure
must be overhauled to stimulate
consumer demand and promote
business investment.
His program for developing the
Nations postwar human standards
and material resources also in
cludes provisions for extended So
cial security, plus medical care;
better education, public health and
nutrition; public improvements
and development of transportation
facilities and river valleys.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-10
YANKS AND NAILS
BATTLE IN SNOW
Continued from Page One)


of the salient and that he still
would have disable minor roads
to the east.
Ten miles west of the American
thrust toward the vital highway,
the famed Hell on Wheels Sec
ond Armored Division was lock-
ed in a furious armored battle for
the crossroads hamlet of Samree,
three miles northeast of La Roche.
The decision was reported still in
the balance when darkness closed
over the snowy battlefield.
Samree was desperately needed
by the Germans in extricating lhelr
forces from that sector Of the
shrinking salient, and they defend.
ed the village with unyielding de-
termination. They threw many
tanks and eight inch artillery,
which closed in from three sides.
British, forces hammering in on
the western nose of the salient met
weak opposition for the second
straight day, the Germans with
drawing nearly mile south of the
Hotton Marche sector. British in
fantry took the village of Cheoux,
cleared the entire Nolaumont For
est nearby.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-10
BUDAPEST HALVED
BY RUSSIAN ARMY

LONDON, Jan. 9.-LPl-The Red
Army won control Of approximate
ly one-half of Budapest today by
capturing another $50 blocks in
savage fighting, and in an out
f'anking drive to the northwest OF
tie Hungarian capital drove to
within four miles Of the strategic
slovak communications center OF
Komarom, the Soviet command an
nounced tonight.
The German counteroffensive
striving 10 relieve the encircled
Nazi garrison in Budapest appear
ed stalled, the Soviet nightly COM
munique again telling of repuis-
ing the Nazi attacks and the Ger
mans for the second straight day
failing to report gains toward the
capital.
The Russians, declaring that Bu-
oapest has q 500 blocks now have
c,eimed capture of a total of g.
31C. The areas captured today in
clv1ed an airfIeld. a park, an oil
refinery and machine factory.
The Russians claimed occupation
OF the southeastern suburb of Pes
terzsebe and said their troops were
driving through adjoining Kispest.
An earlier report from Berlin &C
knowledged German evacuation of
Eisoet, and other southeastern
suburbs"
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-10
Yanks Obey Order To Retreat,
But Take A Village In Doing It

They decided it would be just as
well to 60 out the front way
through German held town so the
enemy would not think they were
running away.
Ten tankmen retook a little town
which the Germans just had occu-
pied to show the enemy he could
not hold it.
Then the tonkmen left town and
obeyed the orders as did the bat
talon, reluctantly retreating by the
forest trail.
1t was emphasized at a press
conference conducted today by Col.
R. H. Wienecke, chief of staff of
the 82nd, that the men did not
question the wisdom of the order.
"They just didn't like to retreat
Wienecke said. But they we're
good soldiers
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-10
FOE SHUNS.EICHT
ON LUz0N BEACH
CONTINUED from Page One)

bombardment of shore targets
faced the most difficult conditions
of the war so far in the Pacific.
1T was worse than at Saipin, )"
Vice Adm. Jesse B. Oldendorf
said, there we got some shore
fire that was bad but here we had
three days of constant air attack
that was lot worse
Oldendorf, who was promoted to
vice admiral after his victory at
Surigao Strait last October, con-
ferred Tuesday afternoon with
Vice Adm. Thomas c. Kinkaid,
commander of the Luzon attack
force.
They agreed that although our
ships had suffered some damage
in the preliminary phase of the
Luzon invasion, it had been an
economical operation considering
the boldness and magnitude of
the plan.
Oldendorf said his bombardment
group had been attacked by 100
Japanese planes that came in in
small clusters on January s. Many
were shot down. He believed these
dive-bombers attacked partly to
cover enemy troop movements
ashore.
They were moving everything
to the north and east with what
ever transport they had, including
bicycles and pushcarts, he said.
Oldendorf said that after Janu-
airy his force saw no japanese
on the beaches. That day the
enemy fired few rounds from
one SIS millimeter gun at our ship
from the San Fernando area, but
Rear Adm. G.. L. Weyler, COM
mander of battleship task unit,
knocked out these guns.
Il believe the Japs thought they
had chased me out and went back
and drank SO much saki that they
weren't able to fight the next day.
We were back at work the next
day and we didn't have much
more trouble from shore"
He praised the work of the
minesweepers and demolition
teams that cleared the gulf for
three days before the landing.
"Our hats are off to those little
fellows. They were strafed and
bombed but they never squawked. y
Neither Kinkaid nor Oldendort
discounted the possibility that the
Japs might send their fleet down
to attack our forces, but just as
at Leyte, the Seventh Fleet is
eager for good scrap.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-10
WAR LOAN HEADS
COMMENDED HERE

Tribute to J. c.. Thorton, co-chair-
man of the Sixth War Loan drive,
and Mrs. Leslie Preston, chair
man of the woman's division, was
paid by the Wilmington Rotary
club at the regular meeting in the
dining hall of the Friendly restau-
rant yesterday afternoon.
During the recent drive, an over
all total of $8,250,000 was raised as
compared with a quota of $6,666,
900 for New Hanover county. The
E bond quota was set at 81, 889,000
and 50, It's, 998.75 in bonds was sold.
Robert N. Finley and Adam
Smith were indicted as new mem
bers of the club.
Lieutenant Hamilton, a visitor
from Bluethenthal Army Air Base,
spoke briefly of the training rou-
tine at the field.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-10
Veteran Sixth Army 1nvades
Luz0n: Coastal Towns Taken

sharp passes at the vast assem-
blage of ships as H-Hour approach
ed, but it was obvious they were
overwhelmed by numbers.
A clear sky affording the mini
mum cloud cover was frequently
pocked by bursting ack-ack. This,
however, did not interfere with the
business of invasion. The task OF
transferring thousands OF men to
the beaches along with equipment
to keep them fighting went ahead
on schedule.
No less than 300 amphibious
tanks, tractors and ducks, 250C
landing craft vehicles and person
mel were lowered into the gulf to
churn around the mother ships.
The troops were still on the aler1
on the beach when Macarthur
waded ashore. But the genera
started right off in jeep to fine
the nearest divisional command
post. When the jeep broke down
the general took off across the
sand dunes on foot and in a few
minutes was firing questions anc
nodding his head with very appar
ent satisfaction as the divisional
commander reported the progress
made.
Macarthur had every reason tt
be satisfied with the success o
his bold landing assault on the
shores of northern Luzon. One hun
dred twenty two airline miles south
is Manila, prime goal of the Philip
pines liberation campaign.
Gen. Tomoyuke Yamishita, one
Japanese commander whom no AL
lied leader undertakes, is Mac
Arthur's protaginist on Luzon as
he was on Leyte. But there shoulo
be no surprises or setbacks caused
by the terrain or weather for Mac
Arthur on Luzon as there was fol
his troops on Leyte.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-10
The Athens Front:
'Za1iSmenOs' --ELAS PlaV
Football With Their Foe

ELIAS played football, and British
guards passed through the ELIAS
lines to the central pat of Athens
to pick up their rations. Then
they shared their rations with the
ELIAS guards.
Inside Athens it was tough
war but an easy one for cores
pondents to cover All they had to
do was sit in an easy chair on the
sixth floor of the Great Britain
hotel and watch the battle unfold
a thousand yards away around
Parthenon and Ardittos hill, where
Socrates was sentenced to death.
From the roof, correspondents
watched the hottest spot in ali
Athens-the Flat Omonoiais, which
is Greek for Harmony Square. Just
off the blazing and unharmonious
Plat was the Cosmopolite hotel in
which the Americans were garrls'
oned. The front of the hotel was in
British controlled territoy, and the
rear was in ELIAS controlled ter
ritory.
A barbed wire barricade just
outside the dining room window
marked the line. Occasionally a
sniper crept up to the barricade
and the Americans doused him
with water-no fighting was per
mitteds whereabouts.
A British paratrooper who took
shelter in the Cosmopolite's front
door got padded and withdrew
good naturally mumbling some
thing about those crazy Yanks.
Once in a while an ELIAS stuck
his head into a rear window ano
said, don't be frightened if you
hear a long bang-we're going te
dynamite the building across the
street,
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-10
BY LANES E. ROPER

ATHENS, Jan. 9.-UP)-The
Greeks have a word for Tails
menos''-which means dizzy, and
that is about the only way you can
describe the lighter side Of the
battle for Athens.
The battle is over now, and the
townspeople are selling flowers in
what used to be machinegun en-
placements on Omonias Square,
but the Greeks still are chuckling
in a zalismenos sort of way over
some of the things that went on.
British troops who were fighting
ELIAS troops played football with
each other in the midst of battle !;
British troops had to patrol the
sewers 20 feet under ground, and
American soldiers routed snipers
by padding them or dousing them
with buckets of water.
Aristotle or Plato might be able
to explain some of the things which
went on-ELAS troops in control OF
the pumping stations carefully
kept the water running to British
headquarters until something dam
aged the, aqueduct. ELIAS troops
permitted the British to use an
outlying radio transmitter.
It would have been simpler,
however, to pick up telephone
and call ELIAS headquarters rath.
er than try to consult philosoph-
er. For the British-controlled tele-
phone office permitted such calls
British intelligence no doubt do
ing a bit of evesdropping on the
side.)
The situation at the edge OF
Athens was about as zalismenos as
you could imagine. Stimulated by
the sounds of gunfire, British and
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-10
NOTED w AR WRITER
STARTS NEW SEASON
OF COMMUNITY FORUM

Samuel Dashiell, noted war cor
respondent wounded in the line of
duty in Algiers, and veteran of
World War /, will be presented by
the Community Forum in the New
Hanover High school auditorium
January %, at $3.50 p. m. He will
speak on the subject, France
The United States Best Friend in
Europe
Dashiell is expected to present
an interesting report of the war,
internal upset and economic
chicaneries in the passing scenes
in Europe.
Dashiell enlisted in the Navy
during World War I, and after the
armistice he served as rowing
correspondent for the Philadelphia
Public Ledger and the United
Press throughout Europe.
In the flight from Paris he
lodged Nazi bombs by eccentric
maneuvers on borrowed bicycle.
Pedalling the dusty, dangerous
miles to safety, he continued CIV
ing blow-by-blow descriptions Of
the battle.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-10
LONDON PROVIDES
EXAMPLE FOR U. $,
ON ROBOT ATTACK
Britons' Resolve To FigbE
On Chrystallized
By Raids ~

NEW YORK, Jan. 9,-Up)-Tha
experience Of London under an IN.
day terror offensive of German
flying bombs provided an examnla
and precedent for East Coast
cities today.
The example was that some 23o0
flying bombs exploding on build.
ings and in streets in less than
three months, multiplied rather
than decreased Londoner' S fightjr5
spirit and willingness to take it,
The precedent was that highly
efficient defense is possible. Or
August %, the Germans launched
1O1 flying bombs at London ONLY
four got through, The others were
knocked down by fighter planes and
anti aircraft guns.
Londoners would not take ger.
ous1y the EIGHT or TO- flying
bombs Admiral Jonas H. Ingram.
commander in chief of the At.
lantic Fleet, fears may be launch.
ed at New York, Washington or
another East Coast city from Ger
man submarines.
During the 80-day "robhtz" Of
last summer, an average Of ION d
day were directed at London More.
over they were launched from sta.
tionary launching platforms on the
French coast, making possible A
high degree of accuracy so far as
hitting a sprawling city was con.
cerned. The maximum cargo u
high explosives for each was one
ton. Admiral Ingram believed that
flying bombs launched from sub,
marines would have to be much
smaller, carry much less explo.
sives, and be less accurate.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-10
ELIAS Casualties Thought
ToBe 5OPc. DuringMonth

ATHENS, Jan. 9.-UP)-British
sources estimated today that left
wing Greek ELIAS troops suffered
so per cent casualties, including
1000 killed and wounded, during
more than a months fighting with
British and Greek government
troops in Athens, while British
troops famed out six miles beyond
Thebes, north of Athens, without
opposition.
AS observers speculated on a
continuation of ELIAS guerrilla
warfare in Greece, the government
of Premier Gen. Nicholas Plas-
tiras issued a statement calling for
the end Of the general strike which
mas been in effect in Athens and
Piraeus since the fighting broke
out early in December. An end
of the strike will aid distribution
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-10
NAVY PILOTS SINK
OR DAMAGE 70 JAP
SHIPS OFF FORMOSA
CONTINUED from Page One)

planes in destroying "a more air
craft and damaging l03 on the
ground at Luzon in heavy PREM
vasion attacks by the Third Fleet S
carrier forces.
Shipping sunk in the Luzon
sweeps, which like the Formosa
slashes were coordinated with
Gen. MacArthur's invasion of Lu
ION Tuesday philippine time), in.
cluded three medium cargo ships,
four small coastal cargo vessels
and five luggers. A large cargo
ship, three medium cargos, nine
small cargos, tug and IS small
craft were damaged.
Fifteen American planes were
lost in combat, the communique
said.
Incomplete reports on the raids
from Formosa to Okinawa, includ-
ing Ishigaki and Miyako Jima in
the Sakishima group, showed II
japanese planes were destroyed
and II more damaged.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-10

PARIS, Jan. g. UP) Twelve
thousand men of the American 82nd
Airborne Division could not believe
their ears when an order came
down from Field Marshal Bernard
L. Montgomery to withdraw from
sector they had been holding near
Stavelot in the early part of the
German bulge into Belgium.
One signalman was so amazed
he rechecked the order to make
sure it was not addressed to some
other outfit.
Two men of nine-man outlying
patrol died because they did not
understand the word Withdraw
One battalion debated whether TO
obey the order in principle or to
the letter. The order said to 20
tout back way over forest trail
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-10

CT food and medicine, the appeal
said.
1t was believed that about $4,000
ELIAS guerrillas were engaged in
the Athens-Piraeus fighting at
various times. In addition to the
1000 killed or wounded, over 5000
were captured.
There was every sign that the
ELIAS troops were falling back
into mountain positions in parts
of Greece, and some sources be-
lieved that one ELIAS division"
was returning to the Peloponnesus,
west of Athens; that second was
taking up positions in the series
of hill masses running from the
coast of the Evvoikos channel,
northwest of Thebes, to Helkon,
near the Gulf of Corinth, while
third now is scattered between
Athens and Piraeus.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-01-10
CONGRESS CHIEFS
SHOW CONCERN ON
POLICY OPINIONS
Big Three Meeting Await
ed To Clear Up Much
Discord

WASHINGTON, Jan. 9.-(UP)-
Administration concern over aus
turbing trends in American puDnc
oninion on foreign relations was re.
Elected today by Congressional
leaders after a conference W n
President Roosevelt.
Sen. Alben W. Barley, O.-Kyo
Senate Democratic leader, SAID
the recent downward trend OF pub
lie opinion about our relations with
our Allies had been discussed by
the leaders and the President IN
their conference last week and
again today. He indicated they
were looking to the forthcoming
meeting of the big Three 10
clear up lot Of that
A reporter asked whether any
thing definite was planned to in
crease public understanding OF the
present foreign situation.
Nothing that 1 can reveal, :"
Barley said.
rs the forthcoming meeting be-
TWEEN the President, Churchill and
Stain part of that?" He was asked.
THAT will help" Barley said,
adding that he thought everyone
would realize that until the meeting
is held it would be difficult ito
draw blueprint Of what might
and might not happen
Primarily, according to Barley,
today's meeting with the President
dealt with the general legislative
program before Congress, W t n
accent on legislation to make 1000
900 At men available for essential
Jobs or some form of military serv-
ice.
Sen. Tom Connauy, D-Tex)
chairman of the Senate Foreign
Relations Committee, attended the
meeting. Asked the significance OF
his unusual presence, he said
things are getting little hotter"