davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02
In Short

Frozen: Ali Lend-Lease supplies in
China.
Estimated: Cost of World War II to
France, 1897, 900, 100000 francs ($97,-
94O,OOO,O0O), As per cent of her ma
tional wealth.
Accepted: BY Gen. Charles De-
Gaulle, honorary citizenship of New
York City.
Draft Quotas: For September, $4,000
for Army, $4,000 for Navy.
Totaled: 1945 March of Dimes con-
tributions $16,589,874, so per cent
more than last year.
Sailed: Edward R. Stettinius, Jr.,
former Secretary of State, for Lon
don, as President Truman's personal
representative at interim commission
meetings of United Nations.
Conferred: On Gen. Douglas Mac
Arthur, by Santo Tomas University
in Manila, degree of Doctor of Laws
Honoris Causa.
Born: Siamese twins to wife of an
Arizona farm laborer.
Received: BY Latin American re-
publics, $240, 100000 in war materiel,
from Lend-Lease and Army special
allotments.
ReOpened: Direct o-telegraph
communication between the us. and
Tokyo, for the first time since Pearl
Harbor attack.
Predicted: End of the US. Maritime
Axthorit- by January J.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02
PACIFIC: Blueprint For A LASTING Peace

1APAN'S defenses, physical and
j mystical, cracked completely
before the combined Allied forces
which this week began occupation
of her sacred SOIL" untouched by
the foot of a conqueror in more
than $500 years.
Massive BIS fleets, striking with
incendiaries, had rained destruction
from above while the Navy's rowing
task forces blasted targets by gun and
plane. Submarines had bottled up the
home islands and food shortages were
acute. The atomic bomb applied the
supreme crusher to a campaign al
ready well on the road to victory.
Japan's collapse was equally catas-
trophic in the field of primitive and
fanatic mysticism. The core of Jap
anese morale is the Emperor, whom
they believe a direct descendant of
the Sun Goddess. The atomic bomb,
harnessing the power that makes the
sun shine, turned the very power of
the sun, itself, against the Rising Sum-
Historic Protector
Even the Kamikaze, Nippon's his
toric protector, turned against the
empire of destiny
During the 18th century, Kublai
Khan's invasion armada of 1000 ships
was destroyed off Japan's coast by
terrific typhoon. The japanese called
that typhoon the 'Kamikaze"- e"-Divine
Wind-and bestowed that name on
their vaunted suicide corps in this
war.
Last week the Kamikaze did more
damage to the Japanese than to their
conquerors. The Allied occupation
fleet, forewarned by weather experts,
withdrew from the typhoon area until
after the storm passed. Sections of
Tokyo and Yokohama, however, were
wrecked by the gale.
AS u S. occupation of the home
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02
NATION: Getting Up Steam

Last weekend, the President or
dered returned to their owners, as
soon as practical, the properties of "a
firms, seized by the government in
wartime. While washing his hands of
those problem plants, the President
ordered the government to take over
the Illinois Central Railway to avert
threatened strike.
Relax Transit Controls
The Office of Defense Transporta-
ton released its controls on local bus
and streetcar operation, permitting
restoration of eliminated lines and
stops at every corner.
Laundries and dry cleaners will do
a better job next month with greater
quantities of carbon tetrachloride and
other chemical cleaning agents. Dur
ing the war they were held to 20 per
cent of normal supplies.
Because of the return of millions of
troops, Christmas gifts for servicemen
overseas must be mailed between
September Is and October Is. Rede-
ployment will mean less shipping
space for Christmas parcels.
The government prepared to re-
lease to American industry scientific
and industrial information seized
from the enemy during and after the
war. Many scientific innovations were
perfected, particularly by the Ger
mans, IN manufacturing and research.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02

Now Angels Of Mercy

The worlds greatest bombers
which rained death on Japan became
winged angels of mercy this week,
dropping food to Allied prisoners of
war in Japan and China.
Oil drums filled with canned food,
medicine and vitamins were dropped
by parachute from the same racks
which formerly held incendiaries and
high explosives. Bombardiers re-
leased the drums the same way they
had dropped bombs with the famed
Norden bombsight.
Meanwhile a neutral eyewitness
attested to the terror of the March
10 Superfortress fire bomb raid on
Tokyo. Said DR.. Lars P. Utilise, for
mer Danish minister to Tokyo: "In-
cendiaries were scattered all over the
city and the gale swept the fire from
house to house. From my window l
looked into the roaring Pickering
flames that devoured houses, trees,
everything in their path. That night,
more than 100000 japanese were
burned to DEATH"
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02

ganized the Bolivia-Argentine Export
Corporation, and acted as advisor to
South American governments in ne
gotiating loans between 1919 and 1925.
He was U. S. delegate to the seventh
International Conference of American
States at Montevideo in 1858 and
chairman of the U. S. delegation to the
Chaco Peace Conference in 1885. He
has been ambassador to Colombia,
Cuba and Argentina.
Braden was named Argentine am
bassador last April by President Tru-
man in what was believed to be fur
therance of Roosevelt appointment
designed to underline U. S. anti-Fas-
cist policy.
On his appointment, Braden said
II am not going to Argentina to re-
establish friendly relations but to es-
tablish new ones" The statement
made him target of Argentine abuse
at inspired public meetings. Crowds
shouted death to Braden," and
'Throw out the Yankee pig"
A champion of democratic processes
and freedom of expression, Braden
consistently remained a severe critic
of the Peron-Farrel government. On
Aug. II he told Buenos Aires au-
dience that it was no longer possible
for "self-respecting world to accept
government that rules through vio-
lence and humiliates man under die
tatorship."
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02

it was the climactic peak of brilliant
career. For the world, it was the his
toric moment ending history's great
est war.
The formal surrender ceremonies,
delayed by foul weather and Japa-
nese attempts to save face, were pre-
ceded by cautious advance landings
by air and sea under cover of the
greatest array of might the Orient
had ever seen.
Polite As Pie
japanese, as polite as pie" turned
over one of Tokyo's guardian air.
fields at Atsugi to airborne American
troops Monday while other Nipponese
lined up remnants of the Imperial
fleet for surrender. Japanese pilots
guided an advance u. S. task force
into Tokyo Bay past 116 spiked
coastal defense guns lining Uraga
Strait.
Next Yokosuka, Japan's second
largest naval base, was occupied by
10000 Marines and sailors as Gen.
Macarthur made his triumphal entry
on the sacred soi'' at Atsugi.
Every precaution was taken to
make the occupation peaceful. Japan,
taut as steel wire under its first
defeat in nearly 5000 years, warned
that capitulation was RESENTED" by
a considerable portion of its military
men and that "hot heads" might
prove difficult to control. Radio Tokyo
cited the Kamikaze Corps as being
particularly bitter.
There were reports of mass civilian
suicides before the emperor's palace
and some field commanders committed
harakari rather than surrender.
Mine Explodes
Nevertheless, the early stages Of
occupation passed without serious in
cident. An overlooked japanese mine
exploded off the bow of U. S. de-
stroyer during the initial probe into
Tokyo Bay but did no damage.
Meanwhile Emperor Hirohito and
his new premier, Prince Higashi-
Kuni, told their subjects an extraor-
dinary session of the Imperial Diet
would be held to "clarify frankly"
the reasons for surrender Premier
Higashi-Kuni intimated that destruc-
tiveness of the American atomic
bomb coupled with the Mikado's
abiding love Of his people" were
primary factors.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02

Russia presaged lasting peace for
the Orient and the emergence of
China as great world power. The
pact between these two largest ma
tons in the world can serve as
peace stabilizer second only to the
United Nations.
The friendship treaty was designed
to block Japanese aggression in Asia
and also to pave the way for peace
full settlement Of the Chungking-
Chinese Communist dispute. 1t pro-
vides specifically that Russia will give
military supplies and moral support
to Generalissimo Chang Kai-Shek
to the exclusion Of the north China
Communist regime.
Other points in the treaty include
Russia's withdrawal from Japan's
stolen empire of Manchuria within
three months of the formal surrender
of Japan. Russia's "hands-off policy"
in Chinese internal affairs, creation
of Dairen in Manchuria as free port
and Port Arthur as a joint Sino-Rus-
sian port and naval base.
Russia and China agreed to operate
jointly Manchurian railroads and to
grant Outer Mongolia political in
dependence if its residents vote for
it by plebiscite.
Hong Kong To British
The Chinese nationalist govern
ment agreed to British acceptance of
japanese surrender of Hong Kong.
Any change in the status of the Brit
lsh crown colony would be by treaty,
not by force of arms, Gen. Chang
Kai-Shek said.
China also gave unreserved support
to the U. S. program to acquire and
hold naval and military bases through
the central Pacific. China indicated
it saw nothing imperialistic in this
program but on the contrary would
welcome the bases as added safe
guards to her own peace and security.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02
This & That

. In Tokyo, where only 80 of the
capitals 252 movie theaters escaped
destruction, Japanese amusement
leaders said they would welcome oc-
cupation forces but not American
''hot jazz
Q At Lawton, Okla, discharged
serviceman got his old job back; quit
the second day, explained, ''It's
tougher than I remembered"
Q In Berlin, women who want a
hairdo must take hot water or a brick
of pressed coal to beauty shops to
ease the fuel shortage.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02
Battle Lesson
Haired Avoid II

Battlefield hatred came easy and
had low boiling point. It was no
job at all for the American soldier
to hate a foe who shot at him,
dropped bombs or pitched grenades
or mortar shells into his foxholes.
After combat, when he pulled back
into rest camp, the CT put his hate
in cold storage for the next fight
then, more often than not, found he
couldn't generate the same old tenn
perature. After a while he became a
cold, impersonal fighter.
All econiums to the contrary about
fury and revenge making a good
fighter, the best American soldiers
proved to be men who fought with
method, skill and caution who
knew the best way te get killed Wa
- 81 -
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02
Il, s. Roots
NQ5iis Out

r. S. MILITARY and civilian
officials in Germany began
+i5hten control in preparation
tTouble when the reparations
roaram provided for in the Pots
w ',m declaration began to take ef-
a. a recbeck of all German officials
-, made in the American zone to
,r,rp that all former Nazis. were
+c notsd out No longer will the Army
,prate its initial policy of KEEPING
ome Nazis in key jobs because of
heir experience.
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower and his
bIef deputy, 1t. Gen. Lucius D. Clay.
emitted they foresaw difficulties
yaen the Germans "see their capital
gets being removed"
The Potsdam declaration stipulates
hat payment of reparations shall be
" removal of industries which might
built up into another war machine.
TO accomplish our objectives, :"
aid Gen. Clay, it is inevitable that
he German standard of living be
educed. However, we are not going
destroy the German people-we
lust leave them sufficient economy
have hopes for the future"
The short-range problem is simply
re-establish local German self
overnment, at first under close SUI
ervision of the Allied Military gov
,nment, This will be relaxed gradu-
lily by granting increasing authority
he Germans and by insuring a
zee press, radio, trade unions and
olitical activity.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02

islands began cautiously, other Jap
anese armies began to lay down their
arms in China, Manchuria, Malaga
and Borneo. Isolated garrisons in by
passed Truk, the Palaus, Marianas
and New Guinea, as we'll as the tat
tered remnant of Gen. Tomoyuki
Yamashita's Philippines forces,
opened negotiations for surrender.
Occupation will prove more than
a military problem-complex though
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02

that may be. Adm. Raymond A.
Spruance took the long view when
he said: "In political terms, we want
to do everything we can to leave no
sore spots in international relations.
We must educate the Japanese out of
the ways they followed ways
which started this war;"
China, A World Power
Meanwhile on the continent, sign
ing of 30year treaty by China and
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02
Draft To Continue

AS the nation waited impatiently
this week for formal signing of ia
pans surrender, President Truman
warned Congress that world condi-
tions and justice to combat veterans
necessitated continuing the draft for
the 1925 age groups.
At least 100000 American troops
will be needed in the Pacific and Eu-
ropean theaters of coeration to main
tain order through a very difficult
winter, the President said.
Both the Army and Navy speeded
plans for rehabilitation The Army
will be cut from its present 100000
to 2,500,000 by next July and the
Navy will prune its strength by g.
100000 during the same period. The
Navy will have permanent strength
of $4,000 officers and 100000 enlisted
men.
The Army's point discharge system
will be lowered from IS to 80 and no
soldier with so or more points will be
sent overseas. The Army discharge
rate will be stepped up from its pres
ent 10000 week to about $4,000
weekly by mid January.
PonderoUs Progress
There were other developments in
the nations ponderous progress from
war to peace. The U. S. Employment
Service estimated nearly 100000
war workers lost their jobs since the
armistice with Japan was declared
August IA. Many were switching to
peacetime occupations and many wo-
men were going back into their
homes. Others were stranded at des-
olate shipbuilding centers, far from
new job opportunities.
Black markets in used cars and
food were crumbling as new supplies
began to roll off restarted peacetime
production lines. Used car prices,
which zoomed with the end of gas
oline rationing three weeks ago,
cracked with the announcement that
new cars will cost about the same as
in 1912.
Consumer experts predicted there
would be scads of women's and chill
dren's clothing as early as November
but mems clothing will be less plenti-
full because millions of veterans will
be buying "civvies." It is likely, too,
that shoe rationing will be ended in
e-ekA=- esess
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02
ONE IN A MILLION

THIS Navy HeIIdiver pilot wet
his rabbits foot on q take off
somewhere in the Pacific. After
dipping his landing gear in sea,
he recovered miroeuIousIy to
zoom into the wild blue yonder.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02

policy on Argen-
tina. Braden at 81
is a veteran busi-
nessman and dip
lomat with a no
table record in
Latin American
affairs.
E d u c a t e d at
Yale as a mining
engineer, he su-
pervised electri-
fcation of t h e
Chile State Rail-
ways in 1920, or
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02
Quotes

Adm. William F. Halsey, to
Third Fleet personnel: "Let your
strength and decency govern
every action in relation to the
Japanese"
Asahi Shimbun, Tokyo news
paper: ut is because we relied
solely on force j.. . that we must
now taste miserable defeat
we must give up the idea that
might is right"
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02
MacArthur Assumes
Control OF Japan

BAY this weekend aboard the As O00on Missouri
japanese hh command was scheduled to sign the uncondi
tona surrender documents ending Greater East Asia OPro
perty Sphere ~ w ~
For the Mkado and his lords an enforced humiatine
formay For Gen. Douglas Macarthur supreme Allied commander
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02

y pc0mIng
Monday, September 3
Labor Day.
Tuesday, September
Anniversary, 336th, Henry
Hudson',s discovery of Manhat-
tan.
Wednesday, September 5
Anniversary, 171st, First Con-
tinental Congress.
Thursday, September 6
Lafayette Day.
Anniversary, 31st, Battle of
Marne (W.WD.
Saturday, September 8
Rosh Hashanah (Jewish New
Year).
Anniversary, second, Italian
surrender in W.W.II
Anniversary, 423rd, circum-
navigation of globe.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-02

AFascist Foe

Appointment of Spruille Braden as
Assistant Secretary of State high
lights U. S. determination to tighten
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-06
Figures Show
Two Lynchings
For Last Year

According TO statistics released
this week by T. d. Patterson
president OF Tuskercc Institute.
there were only TWO lynchings
during is4l This represents a
cccline over previous years since
records have been kept.
Information compiled by the
Department OF Records and Re-
search. showed that there were
three lynchings IN 1888. five in
1912; four in 1871. and five in
1910.
One OF the victims was the
65-year-old minister and farmer
who was brutality slain in Miss
issippi when be attempted To-
protect the small piece Of prop
crty that he owned there. The
other was the recent lynching Of
2 i'-year-old boy. Jrusiy at the
Tennessee State Training and
Agricultural school who was tax.
On from iail aud shot 10 death
~ mob. tie was accused Of
numbering tho wife and daughter
~ Inc superintendent OF tho re-
formalory.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-06
DETROITERS HELP
OPEN COOP MARKET
IN CARVER HOMES

INkSTER. Mich Oponins Of
lhe beautiful new Carver lomc,
ousumers Coop food markct
here during Christmas wcck
marked The climax ~ an or4au-
ting drive led by members ana
officers Of the United Auto Work
ers. ClO. and other unions n
tie Detroit area. who Joined
with doctors teachers and oturf
professional people 20 make their
own democraticaily controlled
business possible
lnksief r. residential suburb
% Detroit which includes George
Washington Carver Homes. 500
family public housing unit. Pres
ideni Of the Coop - we'll
Known medical doctor. and the
new manager has hsen active IN
tho lnicd Aufn Workers Most
~ ne Co-ops mcmhers and pa
irons are sesrccs The Coon
members raised $4,000 70 insure
opening Of first class market
Of uo most modern type.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-06
Anna Lucasta" Star
Cited Among Ten
Leading Women

NEW Worm tANia Among
50 outstanding ycul1 women
cited for hlsh- schiffercnt 90
1874 by Nademoisclle magazine
in us January isur Is Hiiia
simms % year old star o. NE
Broadway hi' Anna Lueasta
With s hlchclor c. arts degree
60 her credit ne article stated
conccrnlng Miss Simmss
"Hiida has standns-foofr onl'
houses applaading for tae lash
end moody quality ~ her beauty
"a well rs Tor The sensitive and
elemental Kind % drama that She
lends 20 her PORTRAYAL of p giri
on the Brooklyn waterfront"
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-06
NAME YIN
PHYSICAL
DIRECTOR

The 81 Antoine branch 81 m,
lMCA announced this week the
appointment OF Albert + ward.
low as The new physical director
Wardlow's appointment was cflsc-
tive as OF Ian l.
Coming here from Waukcsas
III. wardlow has been active in
y work for number OF wears.
having served as director OF the
branch there. lie has also served
az activities director an the iiar-
lem branch Of the YMCA in New
York.
a native OF Youngstown O.
Wardlow did his preparatory
work in the public schools there
and later attended Wherefore
university. There he was active
in sports. being a boxer. basket
ball. football and baseball play
er While In college he was In
tercollegiate boxing champion
and the international golden
gloves titlcholdcr IN 1857.
After college he Was profcs.
sional boxer before BEGINNING
his work with the y. lie Is mar.
ricd aid the father Of two chill.
drcn lie IL n member OF the
omeea rsi rhi fraternity.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-06
Father Dade Instituted
As St. Cyprian's Rector

sired by $40 ~ life.
After the service. thc consre-
gallon which filled ihe chunh Il
r'erfloNins. was received Do
Page hall a part az ihe church
Mrs. hurrcll Garter ana Airs %
IS J Jeffrey were the reception.
ISIS "a charge
The fourteen who were cou-
iirmel following the Institution
~ fr Dadc were Iheryse 81
stevenson Jamie n Massey Liz
Ian $. Rutherford Cardinal
Forbes Willie hfo~n iIcnlt w.
Ramsey lr ELMER g. FISHER.
Walter and Gfc~ aud Homie
jean Ormes Matte =. CUNNING
ham Don Wells Paul Reed ana
John ". Graham
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-06

ment 1, is the day before Thanks
giving and they are serving fee
coffee I'm feeling great and
frankly I don't know what can
write about that Won't be cen
sored
To-day We received an ofien-
tetion Lecture and 1t was quite
informative We wcre told that
tho colored man in England Is
con sidered on par with white
men, That they mix with white
girls ard that they will cut In
ca a white man AZ dance aud
dance with his girl In other
words. thew are treated the way
they should be treated like hui
man beings Naturally the South
cfners IN the outfit blew their
top some even doubted that such
"a state of affairs could be
possible And they all blamed
the British FOR allowing "thc
damn n To put something
over on them. II seems that be-
fore the American Invasion OF
Britain very few colored men
could be found there. They we're
not we'll known. Aud tho first
unit to be sent here from Amer
lea At the beginning Of the war.
was colorcd unit which was
Continued on page y
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-06

IN ceremony that was impress
size because OF is simplicity
and brcyiiy. The Rev Father Nai.
colin &. Dade was instituted As
he rector Of 81 typrians Epis
copal Church eSth street AZ
Milford ayenue last sunday mv4n-
INK The service Of institution
which also included the coullrna-
ton OF fourteen members was
conducted bv The Rt Ii,y ftauk
" Creighton. bishop az Micm-
gan
Pfaising the Cooperation and
work OF Fr Dade and his mem
hers m building up the parish
bishop Creighton emphasized Che
Heed for action and pu,posem
devotion 10 attain the goals de-
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-06
oprn frc

When ihcy entfted 'hCy noted
rN9afa "a ~ reai of The iar 9ut
he had seen th,m ana oper,d hte
ilis three shois missed their ma b.
and The police hrea three shois
rltkari dgcked behlnd the bar aui
ran io the basement where he WAS
seized by ihc police. along With
the Smith Weston revolver he had
been using.
Miss Thomas was suffering flom
compound fracture OF her fiehi
hand as result OF gun shot
wounds and was in temporarily
serious condition
Johnson. whose condition vas
reported as serious suffered bull
Zen wounds 10 the let arm and
SIDE
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-06
Inaugurate Study
OF High Education

JACKSON. Miss CANPl--A
group of leading white and Negro
educators. together With Negro
citizens. under the auspices Of a
committee recently appointed by
tho state BOARD for Institutions
~ lllehcr learning held its
first meeting "Wednesday NJ Jack
son collcee 10 begin the study Of
the needs OF higher learning for
Negroes Ia Mississippi.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-06
Art Tatum To Be
Guest Artist At
Art Institute

Art rainu famous hs paal.t
Viii he 'hs Kurs' scl si Tie
Art Institute lan This IS ae
third in series % isz, corrcris
arranssd hv Ril Hanlis 3at
critic az station WJLB
lai1m program VnNh Nlii
consist o. two lslf.honr ,e,rss
Will De sourif nHi hv in,ir-
land hand oLth include 2 g..
iiireinfuhaW winner Of fhr fs-
Quirs award az thc nations gfcai-
tst hot trombonist.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-06
w hite Soldier veals Fair
Deal For Negroes In England

Having arrived in Eneland with
q recent troop shipment a white
Detroit private observes in a lct-
ter 20 his parents thar Negro
soldiers were being treated The
way thy should be treated like
human beings over there
Ills letter, in which he beratcs
Americas treatment OF Negroes.
follows
Nov q; 1894
Dear Folks.
Please excuse the ink 10 must
DE mixed hair and bali with VAT
~. am writing this from an
American Red Cross cstablish-