davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28

Where is the maid of yester-
year,
Every housewife thinks the for
mer maid is busy in a war plant.
But is she?
AS far as can be ascertained
the maid is among the 9,66l un-
employment compensation claim.
ants who filed weekly with the
Detroit office of the Michigan
Unemployment Compe tion
Commission. And there she will
stay, at least for the 20 weeks she
collects the $40 compensation. N
Records of the commission show
there are 1876 claims for Jobs
benefits filed. as OF the week end
ing Jan. 20 " this number. more
than half arc in the Detroit area
And OF the 9.66l IN the Detroit
area, 95 per cent arc womere
And the best reason that can bC
advanced why they won't return
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
New International
Labor Union Eyed

LONDON. Jan. 27 (UP)-For-
nation of d new world labor or
ganIzation loomed today a. the
main i>-tit.- whicf1 wifi face The
world trade lnion conference IN
London Feb. s.
Russian unions and the Ameri-
can CIO repeatedly favor estab-
liShment Of a new international
federation Of trade unions. The
AFL and British trade unions
long have supported the original
IFTU, which has a long record Of
anti-Communist activities.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28

two and a half years. That's
the base pay on which they
judge other offers"
Some, how yer, have other
problems which cause them 10
take joblesS benefits, rather than
new jobs.
Most of the layoffs have come
on the first shift. the Z TO 4 group
They are now offered a second
shift, late afternoon TO midnight
Because of family complications.
many are unable TO take this Shift
and draw compensation while
waiting for the first shift 10 be
revived for them.
OF the ) per cent who are males
drawing compensation. the major
itv arc found 10 be construction
workers. Thor work IS seasonal
and they mark time until thc
weather makes their calling
profitable.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
WARD WINS But Army STAYS
.Masuriian Forts
Seized BY Reds

LONDON, Jan. 27 INS)-Russian armies shat
tered the once "mpregnable" Masurian Lakes de-
fehse system tonight with the capture of u strong
holds in East Prussia, Siesa and Czecho-Slovakia,
and other Russian spearheads were admitted by the
Nazs to have invaded Germany's empire province
of Brandenburg Two thirds Of East Prussia is now
in Soviet hands.
Russian armies have encrced The great Polish gate
junction OF Pozen Poznan the principal rail highway
leading direct Berlin and fighting anaihaon
of German garrison has begun announced tonight By
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
FIVE TOWNS SEIZED
Crisis Hits Schools
In New Castle, Pa.

NEW CASTLE. Pa. Jan -
CUP) Public hoolS will be
closed here MondaN until further
notice because Of the acute coal
shortage. Mayor John r. Haven
announced today
Churches as well as clubs. ScrN-
icemen's organizations. theaterS.
sal oons and any amusement
places will receive no deliveries
until the coal situation is i'm
proved
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
Cleveland Closes
Theaters, TdVerns

CLEVELAND. Jan. p up
TheaterS and tavcrnS were re-
quested today 10 close "indefi-
nitely' as a result of a spreading
coal shortage which left thousands
Of Ohio homes without heat and
threatened TO cripple scores OF
vital Ohio war industries.
The action came as the Republic
Steel Corp. said IL had been forced
10 shut down three of its five
blast furnaces. five OF its IA open
hearth furnaces. and its sheet and
Sirip- mil because of lack ei
coal.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
War Fronts

TOklO-Fires rage in Jap
capital after heavy Bog raid.
page IL
FRANCE - Ang ! o. o-American
forces in new gains. menace
industrial Ruhr area. Page l.
RUSSIA-GeTman defense Sys-
tcm based on Masuriap Lakes
collapScs as Reds capture
cities In Poland, East Prussia
and Czccho-Slovakia page L.
THE PHILIPPINES - Yanks
mop up Clark Field area.
IDarc y
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
Detroit GI Hoists Banner
Welcoming Reds to Reich

Sharing prominent places on
the sign were the Red Star of the
Soviet Army and the identifying
insignia of the 102nd Division.
I'VE want the Ferries 10 know
how we feel about this Red
drive" said Camp. "If they get
To Cologne before We do I won't
be mad"
The >lgn waved gdily
Camp SAID he expected the In-
1luafrd NaylS would rctalIate
with IN artillery barrsge but
nothing happened.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28

WITH L. S. INFANTRY
FORCES IN BRACHELIN. GER
MANY. Jan. % UNS) - Pvt.
James Camps of 6203 Burns, De
trot who helped take this town
against slight resistance. today
assisted in placing a huge banner
- feet wide and Is feet high from
a battered building facing east.
The sign was in plain sight OF
German observers across thc
RCcr and IN letter, several feet
high o. proclaimed
Welcome, Ivan-from the
i06th Regiment"
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
New Auto StotkpiIe
DwindIes TO $4,000

WASHINGTON. Jan. 81 CUP)
War has whitfield the stock Of
new automobiles in the United
States down to where there are
only few more new cars in the
entire country than were sold
every day before the var.
The OPA, announcing 1000 new
cars available for rationlng m
February. said the remaining
stOCkpllc Is around $1,000.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
RUSSIA'S CAPTIVES

Seydhtz and PauluS are prison
eTS IN Russia
Earlier rumors reaching London
inspired by NaZl- -propa-
gandiSts-Said Germany was plan
ning to surrender 10 the Allies
once the East PruSSian capital OF
KoenigSherg falls. The late u
Moscow communique placed So
Wet troops within four-and-a-hali
miles of Koenlg>berg
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
Plan Reich Prison Rule

LONDON. Jan. p CUP)-The
British war office announced to-
day that il was organizing a
course 10 prepare officers TO take
over control of all prisons in the
Reich after the surrender of Ger
many.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
$4,000 Yanks AWOL

PARIS. Jan. q Between
$4,000 and 10000 American SOL
dierS are AWOL in the European
theater mostly in this city. the
provost marshals office disclosed
today.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
EMPLOYEES JUBMANT

The stores were occupied 30
days ago on presidential authority
after the company refused 10 obey
WLB directive.
Some company employees said
they were glad Of the decision
One woman secretary at the
Grand River store declared;
Wonderful. Does that sound
good"
Despite the optimism of Thomas
and Adde's over the final outcome
of the court fight, Roy Scoggins,
Continued on Page 2, Col. 81
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
BRIDGEHEAD ELIMINATED

In the Haguenau sector, above
Strasbourg, the situation was
comparatively quiet after the
Allies restored their positions and
eliminated the German bridge
head on the NfodeT River.
The L. S Seventh Army'S nth
Division was credited with hurl-
ing the enemy back across the
stream and eliminating the threat
10 the strategic communications
center of Haguenau and the
potential one 10 the Alsatan
capital of Strasbourg.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
S Troops Kill 100
In Berlin Clashes

LONDON, Jan. IS (UP)-More
than 100 Germans have been
killed in a clash with SIS troops In
the east railway station of Berlin.
the Exchange Telegraph Agency
said today in a dispatch quoting
Radio Paris.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
TOKYO FIRED BY 20

The Japanese radio said that
70 SuperfortreSses figured in the
assault upon Tokyo. Fires in
Tokyo ragged until dusk. according
to a japanese imperial headquart-
ers communiquc broadcast by
DOmei. II said
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
BrOWnOut
Monday

All merchants, Industrial
and commercial users OF
electricity, are reminded by
WPB that starting Monday
outdoor display and sdvertis-
ing lighting. show window
lighting, ard marquee and
billboard lighting must be
turned of In order 90 con-
serve coal.
The national order is not
effective until Feb. \. but
Michigan i getting q three
day start.
See details on Page 3.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
70 B--29s Battle
Japs at Tokyo
Nip Capital SET Afire;
Saigon Also Bomt ed

WASHINGTON, Jan II ms
B-Z9s from Saipan Showered
Tokyo with explosives and in
-cendla1icx -1oda2- in the facet
heavy fighter plane opposition
The war department $ communI-
que, however withheld results but
told of good bombing by India
based air dreadnaught, on French
Indo-ChIna
Saigon chief port OF Indo-
China where japanese conveys
are forming with iope OF getting
AID 10 their forces rH HE Philip
pines was The target of the SUI
perbomber, from India. the
communiquc sand. No opposition
was encountered
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
FIFTH Division ADVANCES

SIX and half miles north Of
Diekirch, the Fifth infantry divi-
sion entered Weller. and the S0th
infantry division pushed into Ho-
singer IN ene-H4ile advance -He-
singer is eight miles northeast Of
Wilt and mile and a half from
the German frontier Butzorf was
recaptured by the oath Division
To the south. Yank- units and
troops Of the First French Army
drove 10 within seven mites Of the
Rhine in the vicinity OF Riedwihr
which was entered.
Slight gains were reported from
the sector east of the III River
northeast of Colmar. where Yank
and French troops plunged ahead
through heavy SHOWS.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
Restrict New York Coal

NEW YORK. Jan. 27 INSl -
Mayor LaGuardia late today
proclaimed a state Of emergency
in solid fuels and forbade dealer,
10 deliver coal 10 any place of
amusement unless his written
consent is first received.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
AFTERNOON RAID

The Tokyo raiders from Mai
Gen. Curtis r Lemay'S 2lst
Bomber Command In the Mari
anas hlt the Jap capital in the
afternoon and those who could
see through partial cloud cover
bombed usually Others used in
strumCntS
incomplete preliminary re-.
ports do not reveal the aircraft
claims or losses" the Communi-
que said OF the Tokyo assault.
II noted that the American SUI
prrfuTtreSscS moderate 10
heavy fighter opposition and
moderate antiaIrcraft fire.
II was the seventh raid OF the
giant bombing planes from the
MarianaS upon Tokyo but the
SuperfortrcSScS from India bases
were making their first attack
upon saigon
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
ReportPeace Plea
Flown to Russia
Stockholm Broadcasts
--latest Rumor

LONDON. Jan. .2S Sunday
INSl-A peace emiSsary from an
anti-Hitler group in Germany was
reported IN a Stockholm dispatch
early today 10 have flown secretly
TO Moscow, where he was said 10
have presented a "documented
offer to the Soviet government
The offer, presumably outlining
plan for a peace group to assume
power in the Reich and capitulate
10 the United Nations, was under
stood 10 be under consideration
by the Soviet government and the
Russians sponsor ed Free Ger
many committee. said the Stock
holm message published ~ the
London Sunday Dispatch
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
'Brownout' Modified

WASHINGTON. Jan u lUPl
The war production board to-
night lifted "brownout' re>tric.
tionS from four Pacific northwest
states and most of Texas.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
FDR Erred,
Court Rules
Army TO Retain
Control Of Stores

The army will remain in pos
session and continue to operate
the Ward properties, Maj. Gen
Joseph w. Byron, in charge OF
the army group, announced today
in Chicago.
In a statement he declared:
The United States district
court for the northern district
of Illinois has granted a stay OF
its decision i'm the Montgomery
Ward case, pending final de-
termination of the appeal taken
by the government.
The court granted this stay
for the express purpose of
assuring the continuance of pos
session and operation by the
war department of the Mont
gomeryA Ward properties now
in -its possession accordance
with the courts ruling and its
statement. the war department
will continue It's operation OF
these properties"
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
Unconstitutional, +,
Decision Holds

Montgomery Ward & Co won the
first round Of its legal battle with
President Roosevelt today when
Federal Judge Philip L. Sullivan
ruled that government seizure of
16 Ward properties violated the
CONSTITUTIONS guarantees of prop
erty rights.
Judge Sullivan denied the gov-
.ernment's petition for a declara-
tory Injunction restraining Ward
iofficials from interfering with
government operation of Ward
facilities and dismissed the case.
FoRtssHADoMS BATTLE
The L S. district court decision
promised TO be merely the FORE
runner of legal contest which
was expected to be brought before
the u. S. Supreme Court for
argument al the spring term,
however.
Judge Sullivan granted stay
OF proceedings after the judgment,
| intended to maintain the status
quo OF the armys occupation OF
the Ward properties until after
the governments plea is appealed.
Judge Snllivans decision up
held the constitutional GUARANTEES
made in the Bill of Rights.
Counsel for Wards contended
these rights as outlined in the
fourth and fifth amendments to
the Constitution, guaranteeing
security from unreasonable search
and seizure, and that no one shall
be deprived of life. liberty or
property without due process OF
law, were violated by the gov
ernment seizure.
NINE CITIES INVOLVED Z
Ward properties in nine cities,
including Deteroit and suburbs,
were seized by the army Dec. Is,
on the order of President Roose-
velt, TO enforce War Labor Board
directipes instituting wage in
creases and maintenance of union
membership through the dues
checkoff.
In his opinion, Judge Sullivan
stated:
II am of the opinion that the
President was without author
,ity. either under the War
Labor Disputes Act, or under
the war powers conferred upon
him by the Constitution as COM
mander in chief OF the army
and navy to take possession of
the plants and facilities of
Montgomery Ward e. CO."
COMMENTS ON WAR
cit Is with considerable reiuc-
tance that have arrived at the
conclusions In this case" the
opinion read Our nation n
engaged in a global war, and it
Is imperative that we contributs
everything we have to insure
Its speedy and successful con-
clusion.
"Selfishness, arrogance, In
tolerance of the rights OF others,
self-interest and unwillingness
to compromise should, during
this emergency be all subordi-
mated for the common good.
1T may well be that an In
terruption at this time In the
flow Of any goods may directly
Continued on Page 2, Col. -
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
FLOOD or REPORTS

The reports zone of numerous
peace rumorS" streaming into
London through neutral channels
but none OF them confirmed
named the German emiSSdTy as
the W. weapon expert Prot.
Hartmann who popped up IN
Stockholm last Thursday
Quoting Swedish professors
soldiers and government officials
as the sources Of this story. the
LONDON dispatch reported from
Stockholm that Hartmann had
been spirited 10 Moscow aboard
a Swedish airliner from Germany
via Denmark and Sweden two
days ago"
HE carried documented
offer from the German OppOsi-
tion which. IL is understood. il
being studied by the kremlin
and the Russlan-spOnSored Ger
man National Committee headed
by Gen.-yon SeydlitZ and Field
Marshal Won Paulus."
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
NEHERH COUNTY

re said that emergency com
mIItccs ln virtually every county
in Michigan viii be- directed 10
take care OF the needs Of their
communities
Wayne. Monroe and Macomb
counties comprise one OF The four
government distribution areas in
EIChigan Each area has an ad-
committee on local diStri-
b,f'tUr1
The Ickcs order threatened 10
close night clubs theaters. schools
and public buildings IN sections
where the shortage vas acute.
This. however, il entirely
provisional. ;" Crowley said. "De-
trUit il better off than any other
place in Michigan for coal. II IL
became necessary Go invoke the
Ickes order here. u would he
applied according to usefulness
and public need. II does not
appear necessary now"
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
OPINIONS VARIED

While union officials remained
confident that the Chicago fedora
court decision declaring army oc
cupation of Montgomery WarC
stores unconstitutional would bt
oVerruied by the Supreme Court
company officials in Detroit felt
sure that the decision would be
upheld.
"The Chicago decision was
based on the fact that Congress
made WLB orders only advisory,
and gave them no real powers
at ALL" said George Haggarty,
Ward attorney in Detroit. "Only
Congress can remedy IT."
II INIoNISTS CONFIDENT.
However. in New Orleans. r. j,
Thomas, president OF the JAW
CIO, and George +. Adde's. secre-
tary-treaSurer, saw only a tenn
pefaFy delay in the ruling They
issued a joint statement:
1--WE are confident that any
decision by a lower court declar-
ing the Montgomery Ward seiZ-
ure illegal will be reversed by a
higher court"
Union leaders were thrown into
dismay and company officials were
jubilant Saturday when word. OF
the decision was first flashed 10
Detroit. Several hours later it was
learned that the decision was
stayed pending government APP
neal
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28

The vital lower vistula baStior
Of Torun 'Thorunl 50 miles
-uuELnEdSI OF P0Aen-- also has -hcen
encircled by Red Army force, that
smashed aCHess the river Just
south Of its estuary
oUTFLANK KOENIGSBERG
- -9tA+-f- iRstt--tar tFeep-- fertttet
north were declared by Moscow
10 have reached a point four and
+ ifaif miles southwest OF kocnieS-
berg, outflanking that belcagucrcd
East pruSsian capital
ChodZieZ was captured Iu a IL
mile overnight advance It's cap
ture carried the First White Rus
sian Army within eight miles Of
the border province oi West
Prussia and within u miles south
east of the big German rail center
Of Schneldemuehl on the Berlin
Danzig Railroad
Tank-paced formations OF Mar
shall Zhukov'S First White Russian
Army the Nazi high command
acknowledged. swept wide y
around both TANKS OF Po>cn and
reached Brandenburg Obra River
which twists At points 10 within
- miles east OF Berlin One
Russian Spcarhcad. according "a
the Germans. arrived before Bent
chen on the Obra. % miles from
the German capital
FINE TOWNS SEIZED
Farther south Marshal konev 5
First Ukranian Army, admitted by
Berlin 10 have won several
brldgeheads on the west bank Of
Gerrnany's last ditch Oder
River, was hammering through the
-vltaiiy productive rnininC-induS-
trial areas Of Upper southern
SileSIa.
Having already Topped off the
Continued on Page 2, Col. -
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
CnECK COAL BINS

The OCD after first checking
the individual coal bins. operates
on the rule that there must be
less than = lIve-day supply 10 the
hiH-and- that nnc ton. or seven
days supply be delivered
Calls for emergency coal order
certificate, can hc made 10 tho
OCD offices st CA 57Sl any day.
except SUNDAY from $50 p NJ
10 5 30 p. n
Assurance that Detroit probably
viii not bc affected bS the Wash
jngton order restricting deliveries
Of coal In l9 states was voiced by
Edward &. Crowley area diStribu-
ton manager for the national fuel
administration
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
Emergency
Calls for Coal
Rise 50 Pei.
400 Appeals Daily;
OCD Acts as Liason
Between Dealer, User

Appeals toy rmcrEenc> coal
.hsve increased - pet TN De-
roit, Frank McLaurys director
OF rhc Office OF Civilian Defense.
SAID Saturday
Such calls now are coming IN
AT the rate OF 300 20 400 day
he -2ald- huI-1he system tnr hand
ling emergency cases has been
working efficiently. thus far
These calls are coming from
new residents who have had no
regular coal tFHtcF I'm Detroit.
McLaury explained THAT II
where the OCD can act a. a.
iiai~Un brtvrru tine new cuSto-
mer and the dealer.
$50 far a. we can ascertain
the- contemporaries arr and have
been doing a fine job IN taking
care Of the regular customers"
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
Allies Poised
For DriiVeto
Inner Reich
3 Armies Wait Signal
TO 60 Ahead; Patton
Scoops Up II Towns

PARIS, Jan. q INS)-Tnree
Allied armies. the initiative back
IN their hands, tonight we're
poised along three river barriers
guarding the inva, ion avenues 10
the inner Reich after the Third
L. s Army pushed forward up 10
three and haif mics and
reached the Our River al five
points.
Eleven Towns Mele &conped- IN
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
THE WEATHER
HOURLY TFNPTRATVRyS

N - 10 ? n ~ IL Mo ii
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
L. :. DRIVE REPORTED

Berlin broadcasts reported
that American forces had
opened an offensive in the Mo
sclle VALLEY east of the LuXem-
bourg border, striking for the
Rhine near Koblenz. 70 fHiie-
away
Berlin identified the attack
ing units a. part Of the L. s.
Seventh Army. hut placed the
scene OF operations as south
eaSt-e-f RcuICh, q sector held
by the Third Army, according
10 Allied dispatches aS late as
Saturday }
From the Netherlands 10 The
Swiss border. The Allies awaited
the green light to deliver me next
decisive blow against Germany
from the west in Circumstance,
more favorable than Al any time
since the NaZis launched their II
faied Ardennes drive.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28

THOUSANDS or DErFcITEPs rs- r
nstd - sNirs ilnss q trt' - trcuE.ria.
National ssnE There's reason, Aay.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-12-12
INDIANA LAWYER and wife
ON QUAKER INSTITUTE
EXECUTIVE BOARD

PHILADELPHIA, Pa, Dec. IL
(ANP) ATTY. Henry ]. Richard
son and his wife, Mrs. Roselyn V.
Richardson, have been selected for
membership on the executive COM
mittee of the Planning Of the
North Central Institute Of Inter
national relationships, which holds
it's annual meeting on July 2 to 10th
at Antioch college, Yellow Springs,
Ohio. Atty. Richardson, one of In
diana's leading lawyers, is a former
member of that states legislature.
The institute is sponsored by the
American Friends Service commit
tee here and at Antioch college.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-12-12
BASEBALL TOURNEY
DROPS COLOR BAR

COLUMBUS, O., Dec. IL (ANP).
The National Baseball congress
has announced that it would permit
Negro and mixed teams winning
state titles to participate in the 18th
national championship tournament
at Wichita, Kan., next Aug. 1928.
Commissioner George H. Sisler
reported the decision following a
meeting here of the rules committee
Of the organization for semi-pros.
He said it would be up to each state
commissioner to select eligible
teams for their respective state
tournaments.
The committee also said that no
player in organized professional
baseball would be allowed to partici-
pate in any district or state meet
after next June /.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-12-12
MASS. SUPREME COURT NAMES
FIRST NEGRO Law CLERK

BOSTON, Dec. IL (ANP).-Her-
bert 0. Reid, r., of Cambridge,
Mass, has been named law clerk
of the Massachusetts Supreme
court, the first Negro in state his
tory to be so designated.
A native of Wilson, N. c., Reid
was recently discharged from the
army as second lieutenant. He
fought at Okinawa. He was an
honor graduate of Howard univer-
sity in 1910 and studied law at Har-
ward, being admitted to the state
bar in October. At one time he was
assistant trial judge advocate at the
Tuskegee Air school and also was a
labor department attorney in Wash
ington.
Chief. Justice Fred T. Field said
Reid has been selected on his
merits and on the basis of informa-
ton we had in respect to him.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-12-12
DUNBAR WALL0pS RICHMOND
IN BASKETBALL GAME, 1919

Dunbar High Schools basketball
team walloped Richmond, Indiana,
Community Center quintet at the
Dunbar gym last night, AZ to 49,.
Herring with 13 points and Long
with 10 were the mainstays for the
victors. Eastman's eight points kept
the Hoosiers from losing face.
The West Siders got out in front
early in the game and remained
there never to be challenged. The
Dunbar reserves downed the Hi-Y
23-12, in a preliminary game.