davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-05-16
made at Mexico City probably
will be held at Washington in

made at Mexico City probably
will be held at Washington in
November.
Discussing the three points COW
cred by the proposal on regional
agreements, the Secretary of State
said:
The first point already is dealt
with by the provision Of the Dunn
barton Oaks proposal which pro-
vides that no enforcement action
will be taken by regional agencies
without the authorization of the
Security Council. 1t is not proposed
to change this language.
The second point will be dealt
with by an addition to chapter of
a new section substantially as fol-
lows:
Nothing in this charter impairs
the inherent right of self defense,
either individual or collective, in
the event that the Security Council
does not maintain international
peace and security and an armed
attack against a member state oc-
ours. Measures taken in the exer-
else of this right shall be immedi-
ately reported to the Security Coun-
Gil and shall not in any way affect
the authority and responsibility of
the Security Council under this
charter to take at any time such
action as it may deem necessary in
order to maintain or restore inter-
national peace and security.
The third point would be dealt
with by inclusion of a specific ref
erence to regional agencies or ar
rangements in chapter 8, section A,
paragraph g. describing the methods
whereby parties to dispute should
first of all seek a peaceful solution
by means of their own choice.
The United States delegation be-
lieves that proposals as above out
lined, if adopted by the Conference,
would, with the other relevant pro-
visions of the projected charter,
make possible useful and effective
integration of regional and collec-
tive systems in the world system of
international security.
This applies with particular
significance to the long established
inter-American system"
The three points in the proposal
specifically referred to by Mr.. Stet-
tinius are those contained in a draft
made by the American delegation
last week. The agreement reached,
therefore, is regarded as distinct
victory for the position taken by the
United States delegation.
The agreement settles sharp diff
ferences in the Conference which
threatened to delay its work for
some time. The members of the
United States delegation we're
clearly elated as they came from a
delegation meeting just before the
Stettinius statement was made
public
The statement was not issued un-
til the end of a day of conferences
involving the Big Five, then con-
ference of Mr.. Stettinius with the
heads Of Latin American delega-
tions and finally conference of the
members of the American delega-
ton.
While the United States and the
other American republics were vi
tally interested in this settlement
of the regional arrangements issue,
the settlement also is of great mo-
ment to other possible regional
agencies involving other nations, for
example a regional agency in the
South Pacific between Australia,
New Zealand and other nations.
Indeed. regional arrangements un-
der this plan may be extremely
helpful in the maintenance of peace
Evening star., 1945-05-16
Lincoln

Continued From First Page.)
ference today. Russia's final word on
the plan also is awaited.
Situation Improved.
With progress being made toward
the solution of the "trusteeships"
problem. on which agreement may
be expected at any time, the situa-
ton has been greatly improved and
an earlier conclusion of the con-
ference than was hoped for is in
prospect.
While no mention by name is
made of the Act of Chapultepec or
the Monroe Doctrine in the pro-
posal regarding regional arrange
ments. they are declared to be
amply safeguarded. The proposal
leaves the Americas free to act if
the security council fails to act in
event of an attack of one American
republic upon another or in event
of an attack by a European or
Aslatlc country on any American
republic. Fhe veto power lodged in
the permanent members of the Sc
curity council against the use of
force in any international dispute
involving the Americas would not
prevent inter-American action in
event of actual hostilities.
In promising that after this con-
ference the United States would in
vite the other American republics to
negotiate a treaty carrying out the
Act Of Chapultepec, Mr.. Stettinius
said:
AT Mexico City last March pre-
liminary discussions took place re-
garding this problem and the Act
of Chapultepec envisaged the con-
clusion of an inter- American treaty
which would be integrated into and
be consistent with the world organi-
zation.
Inter-American Cooperation.
After the conclusion of the con-
ference at San Francisco. it is the
intention of the United States Gov
ernment to invite the other Ameri-
can republics to undertake in the
near future the negotiation of
treaty which, as provided for in the
Act of Chapultepec itself, would be
consistent with the charter of the
world organization and would sup
port and strengthen that organiza-
tion while at the same time advanc-
ing the development of the historic
system of inter-American co-opera-
ton.
This would be another important
step in carrying forward the good
neighbor policy
The Associated Press reported
that the American Confer
ence to draw up treaty to carry
forward the Wartime agreement
Evening star., 1945-05-16
Senators Vote 10 Transfer
Five Agencies 10 RFC

Ry the Associated Press.
The Senate Banking Committee
yesterday unanimously approved
legislation transferring to the Re-
construction Finance Corp. func-
tions of f1ve subsidiary corporations
The committee acted after hear
ing testimony by Federal Loan
Administrator John w. Snyder, who
described President Truman as
highly pleased" with the proposal
The five corporations are the
Defense Plant Corp, Metals Reserve
Co., Rubber Reserve Co., Defense
Supplies Corp. and Disaster Loan
Corp.
Evening star., 1945-05-16
Former Commander
Of Norway Liberated
Ey the Associated Press.

~ IHt ASSOCIdItu FTeSS.
MOSCOW, May 16.-The former
commander Of Norwegian military
forces, Gen. Otto Ruge, has been
freed from German concentration
camp by the Red Army and has ar
rived in Moscow.
Gen. Ruge was imprisoned by the
Nazis when he refused to sign a
document saying he would not re-
sist the Nazis. He was rescued from
Luckenwalde, In poor health but is
recovering.
Evening star., 1945-05-16
Gen. Lynch Tokes Over
Sd Air Force Command

BY the Associated Press.
TAMPA. Fla, May l6-Brig. Gen.
Edmund C. Lynch has taken over
command Of the Sd Air Force. re-
lieving Brig. Gen. Westside r Lar
son. who relinquished the post after
20 months to accept an unnamed
assignment
Gen. Lynch formerly was chief OF
staff.
Under Gen. Larson the Sd Air
Force became the biggest of four
continental air forces, with l80, 900
military and civil personnel and
1000 planes at bases in II States.
Evening star., 1945-05-16

Continued From First Page.)
ference today. Russia's final word on
the plan also is awaited.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-12

TRt DETROIT TIMES
Sept. I945
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-12
Russia Inn the kuriIeS

about international mandates or
trusteeships.
Russia has established her own
SOVEREIGNTY over the Kuriles,
and has made them her permanent
possessions.
This raises anew the question of
what the United States intends to do
about the other and even more vital
Pacific islands, in which there is an
essential AMERICAN interest.
4 MEXICAN forces have conquered
"A and occupied many Pacific island
groups as strategically located for
our defense and security as the
Kuriles are for the defense and
security of Russia-but as yet we
have not established our permanent
sovereignty over any of them, or
even declared our intention to perma-
nently possess them.
Why do we not act in our interest
as promptly and decisively as the
Russians act in their interest?
Our future peace and security
REQUIRE complete and permanent
American possession of the Pacific
islands we have taken from the
japanese.
If we INTEND permanent pos
session, why do we not frankly and
honestly say so-and especially why
do we not quickly make it an accom-
plished and Interchangeable fact?
If we do NOT intend permanent
possession, why do we continue to
fool ourselves about having attained
permanent peace and security in the
Pacifc-for we certainly are not
fooling any one else?
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-12
WHAT DO YOU KNOW?

plcted his 25th year as base
hall coach Of Holy Cross Col
lcge. lie was once a famous
major league ball player. DO
YOU know 4at the team for
which ne played and tbD the
position he played on that
team ?
Gong into thc kitchen for
this one. can YOU make po-
tatoeS coop faster by turning
UP the fire 10 make the water
boil faster?
\ raconteur is: ta) q skilled
story teller fbl 2 man about
town. tCl one who appreci-
atcS fine foods.
Pisces IS a constellation in
heavens and the twelfth sign
Of the zodiac. From what
docs II gets itS name?
She vas horn Gladys Smith
IN 1899. She began hcr mo-
tlon picture career with The
old Biograph company, IN
1913 Her FIRST husband was
owen Moore She was sSSo-
cIated with Charles Chaplin
sn1 others In Tho | nited
\ ArfItfS corporation She
later headed her own com
psny Who is she
Answers on Opposite PsRel
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-12

THE occupation of the Kurile
Islands by Russia has flushed out
one more "secret agreement" made
at the Yalta conference by President
Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill
and Premier Stain, although specific
assurance was given the American
people many months ago that the
LAST of such agreements had been
disclosed.
Secretary of State Byrnes, who
attended the Yalta conference in his
role as assistant president" in the
Roosevelt regime, now acknowledges
that the question of Russian posses
sion of the Kuriles was raised and
that Mr.. Roosevelt and Mr.. Churchill
consented to the seizure.
Mr.. Byrnes says there was no
affirmation of the agreement at the
subsequent Potsdam conference, but
he apparently considers the earlier
commitment binding-for he now
says officially that the United States
has mo objection to the occupation.
THE whole situation reeks of in
i trigue, concealment and deception
since repeated assurances have
been given ever since Secretary of
Itate Hull went to Moscow that per-
manent territorial dispositions would
not be made until after the war, and
the award of the japanese Kuriles to
Russia was made before the Russian
entry into the Pacific war.
Let it be noted that in taking
these vital Pacific islands Russia has
not indulged in any mumbo- jumbo
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-12
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

per year from the public treas
ury.
Is " not morally wrong 20
give $1,000 per year of other
peoples money--aS recently
proposed in Congress-to Mrs.
Roosevelt. very rich woman.
who, with her family. used the
Influence and prestige of the
White House for further en-
richment7
is II not picking ones neigh
horS pocket 10 unnecesSarilv
waste hundreds of millions of
dollars on the construction Of
army camps. aS revealed by Rep
Albert j. Engel? Or 20 keep
on the public pay roll hundreds
OF thousands Of unneeded gov
eminent employees. whose chief
activity IS manufacturing red
tape ia entangle our citizens. AS
revealed by Senator Byrd? Or
w nav NdHltu OAIlfI nufUlfIS
of millions in various other
ways, as revealed by President
Truman when head of the Tru-
man committee? One could fill
an entire page of your paper
with brief references 10 such
items as have come TO light in
recent years. And how many
there are unrevesled TO the
public. we will probably never
know.
l recently heard q new name
coined for Neutrality-suspicious.
National Rogue's Roost - and
how appropriate. For / believe
there are more wastrels and
chislers 10 the square yard in
Washington than in the rest of
the country 10 the square mile.
Fundamental morality for
Sooth. VIII Washington set an
example 10 the rest Of the
country?
MARK WELLS,
i0339 Puritan.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-12
company which is equal 10 at
least % men.
Sincerely yours.
PFC. CHARLES l.. SHERRON,
~ years, 20 points.
PFC. ORLANDO yALENTINI,
20 years, 80 points.
TO THE EDITOR

TO THE EDITOR:
THE Hon. Fred NJ. Vinson,
secretary of the treasury,
recently published an article on
tax evasion. from which l quote
as follows; Fundamental mo-
rality is involved. The man who
evades taxes picks his neighbor 5
pocket
What a grand thing it will be
il Mr.. Vlnson will instill this
idea into the minds of our gov
erning authorities as we'll as tax
evaders. For is il not picking
ones neighbor's pocket TO have
spent $50, 100000 on the Penta-
gon Building that was 10 have
cost S35, 100000? Or 10 have
spent S45, 100000 on the Pan
American highway. without
completing IL. that was 10 have
cost SD, 700, 900 COMPLETED?
Or to have spent S130,000,000 on
the impracticable Canoil project
before abandoning it?
is not fundamental moral
ity" involved when our legiSla-
tors take vacations in Alaska
and elsewhere at the taxpayers
expense? I? Or 10 abuse the frank
ing privilege by mailing tens
of millions Of circulars promot-
ing their own reelection, AZ
public expense? Or TO practice
nepotiSm as much as some of
them do II was recently re-
ported that one senator and his
family were drawing $4,000
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-12
Msrkelsheim, Germany,
Aug. 20, 1945

aug, ~, lS45
TO THE EDITOR:
WE OF the 63rd were listen
W ing TO q radio news broad
cast and were astonished TO
hear we were going home in 30
days.
Naturally we were overioyed.
We did not know that tomor-
row was another day and that
many OF us would be trans
ferred 10 another outfit. 1t was
a great Jolt when our company
commander told us about the
orders that ma ajority would
be sent 10 other units. This
brought on a lot Of gloom and
worry.
We were then thinking about
the folks at home and how dis
appointed they are going 10 be
when the division arrived in
New York and their sons, hus-
bands and their sweethearts are
not aboard ship.
IL may be the Blood and
Fire" Division that Is coming
home. but YOU can rest assured
that the men are not the ones
who fought with the division.
What few men of the divi-
sion that are coming home are
for the most part clerks who
never saw actual combat.
We fellows of Michigan are
sending this letter in for pub
1 lication Just 10 let the folks at
home know what the score is
and not 10 expect us home for
a while longer rs we are being
transferred 10 such organiza-
'ions as the signal corps. quar-
termasters and ordnance.
This letter voices the opinion
OF all the Michigan men in this
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-12

government that pretends to have any
respect for the rights of man.
All the loud proclamations and pre-
tensions in the world are but hypocritical
DISCUSSES of tyranny and dictatorship If
the answer to any of these questions is no.
Here they are. Remember this is
Winston Churchill asking these ques-
tions. Ask them yourselves of any govern
ment, our own or foreign.
"FIRST-ls there the right to free ex-
preston of opinions and of opposition
and criticism of the government Of the
day?
'SECOND-Have the people the right
to turn out a government of which they
disapprOve, and are constitutional means
provided by which they can make their
will apparent:
"THIRD-Are there courts of Justice
free from violence by the executive and
free of all threats of mob violence and all
association with any particular political
parties:
"FOURTH-Will these courts admins
ter open and well-established laws which
are associated i'm the human mind with the
broad principles of deeency and Justice:
"FIFTH-Will there be fair play for
poor as well as for rich. for private per-
sons as well as government officials:
'SIXTH-WilI the rights of the indi-
yidual, subject to his duties to the state,
he maintained and asserted and exalted:
"SEVENTH-Is the ordinary peasant
or workman. earning living by daily toll
and striving to bring up family, free
from the fear that some grim police or
ganizatiOn, under the control of single
party like the GESTAPO started by the
Nazis and Fascist parties, will tap him on
the shoulder and pack him off, without
fair or open trial, to bondage or iii treat
ment:"
THOSE are Churchills seven questions.
L Though an Englishman asks them.
think they represent the American ideal,
and that in general our country has lived
up to them pretty well.
There have been periods of war when
some of those seven safeties have been
oYerruled with more or less good reason.
There have been periods when politi-
cal party or leadership has been so long
in power or SO sure of its power that it has
failed to live up to some of the seven tests.
But in a general way, our America has
upheld and does uphold all seven of those
ideals And so does England
Churchill gave as one of his supreme
tests of freedom:
''The right to free expression of opin-
ions and of opposition and criticism of the
government of the day, and the right of
the people to turn out government of
which they disapprove.
That right we have and we assert il
without bloodshed or Imprisonment bv
what Churchill called "seme grim police
organization under the control of single
party
Our America and we Americans are
safe so long As we retain that right and
that individual sanctity of the person and
the voice, that right 70 earn and own. that
feeling that ones home is ones castle
which the police cannot invade without
special warrant that freedom 10 go and
come and be unquestioned while we in
fringe the liberty of no other sharer in
the national freedom.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-12

tb) Cape Pas~ero; tc) Cape
Malea.
FIll Tho blanks In the titles
'al THE Wonderful Wizard
Of Baum. th) when
knlChthood Was in -
MAJOR. tc) The Great Stone
Hawthorne. tdj For
Whom the Bell Hem
inCWay tct The Midnight
Ride Of Paul -."-Long-
fellow
ANSWERS on Opposite Page)
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-12

4 NNOUNCER-Th National Broad
"A casting Company presents Rupert
Hughes, soldier, novelist, historian and
humorist.
MR.. HUGHES-This week / heard a
successful author tell how as an Armenian
boy in Turkey he walked along the shores
of the Bosphorus to save carfare and
dreamed of America, of our country which
has always shone in foreign eyes as a
paradise beyond the horizon.
After terrific difficulties that boy
reached our country He found our
language one of the most difficult of his
problems. And you can't make English
easy by law. I've been studying it for
many years and | don't know it yet.
But this Armenian conquered enough
of it to write his life story so delightfully."-
that it has not only won the highest
critical praise but has become best-seler,
as we'll
| refer to the fascinating book ba11ed,
81 Ask You, Ladies and Gentlemen" by
Leon Z. Surmelian.
HEARING him talk l was reminded
again of the ideal life we lead when
viewed from a distance Seeing it so
closely with its faults so plain. and so
many, we are apt to forget how beautiful
a life we lead.
So many foreigners tried to get over
here that We had to put up barriers to
keep from being smothered under the
floods.
AS Isobel Paterson points out in
her wonderful book, THE God of the
Machine we have to put up barriers to
keep foreigners from overlooking us;
while countries in which certain doctrines
of human welfare are so loudly preached,
have to put up barriers to keep their own
citizens at home.
THERE ARE ACTUALLY AMERI-
CANS TRYING TO CHANGE OUR
FREEDOM INTO THE TOTALITARI-
ANISM OF A NATION THAT PUTS
PRACTICALLY A DEATH PENALTY
ON UNAUTHORIZED DEPARTURES
FROM THE COUNTRY.
Even short railroad journeys may not
be taken without specific permission. The
slightest criticism of the government is
made almost impossible, and practically
fatal if successful
When we made our Declaration Of
independence and fought for seven years
~ ihdhC ~ SOou, we hClOculdlly HtIpeu
to free the English from the tyranny of
the very king whom we rebelled against.
And the grateful English of later day
put up a statue of George Washington in
London as tribute to one who had helped
emancipate them.
The English still have their king, but
he has far less power than our own Presi-
dent has.
4 ND I don't know of any other state
"A ment defining what freedom really is
that is finer than Churchlll's own words
Shakespeare wrote the seven ages of
men as the seven roles each human being
plays on the stage of the world
Churchill called his statement "the
seven tests of freedom" He put them
in the form of questions and ! think they
will serve as seven acid tests of any
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-12
Broin Game

Give vour.ef 10 fof each correct snsvsr
throuEh qusstion sIK 40 each for ths rs-
walntuE tUn Questions. Any score IS or
higher IA excellent
Was tho tNphoon that de-
laycd our occupation Of
Japan like 4 hurricane or
ike 4 tornado .
? Whose life story VII be por-
trsNed in the new m owe
called sight and Day
3 True or'fslSc lsl The tom
pcrsiuIe of our sun is more
than 5000 degree, Cent?
grade I'M Tho Battle ~
Waterloo 'ooh place In 1915.
4 Jack Barry recently COM
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-12

"And q. my fellow eOHnIrNmen. to-
day I report 10 NOu that your sons and
daughters have served HOu well and faith
fully with the calm. deliberate. determined
fighting spirit Of The American soldier and
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-12

sailor. Based upon n tradition of HIS
IOricaI trait. as against fanaticism of an
enemy supported only by neurological
fiction. their spiritual strength and power
has brought us through Ia victory. They
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-12
KnowIeooe lest
By DIR. SABINN CONNOLLY

Gas Yourself fat each ~ ths hr,t svs
sus.itous md for tho last qursttun ~rrrr
sio triliiaut 7s bright As. averAIe.
OF. dull
(which Is The oldest Of these
settlements in America ? la)
Quebec. ,b) Montreal, tcJ
Plymouth
. DO YOU know The next line
Thou too sail on . ship Of
State "a Bring peace and
plenty. gifts OF fate tcD
Hold high the torch light ~
our gate tCl Sail on. O
Union strong and great
ST YOU ale friendly with The
Queen Of Holland. you would
" probably call her la) Julia
tbi Alexandra tci Wilhcl-
mIna
4-The network Of nerves he
hind The stomach b, called
the} laI NimbuS poIicar-
d.uu thl Solar pieNus lcJ
Iullu- IiuStiiuS
5-The >outhernmoSt point ~
turODo Iv tat CspC TaUts
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-12

are hOmeward bOund-take care of them.'
General Douglas Macarthur. In speech
10 people of the United States. fOII0sUing
Japanese surrender aboard the USS Mis-
sOMri, September 2, 1915.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-12
Seven Tests of Freedom

NoTE-Folowins partial of radio boadeaa b,
Hushss Aus2