davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01

Bars DO1Un

With government removal of most
controls except those designed to as
sure equitable distribution of scarce
materials to speed up about produc-
ion, manufacturers were given the
green light on reconversion.
At the same time, the department
IF agriculture abolished limitations
IN the amount of fluid milk, light
cream, buttermilk and chocolate
milk that distributors could sell 10
civilians, and the Office of defense
transportation lifted restrictions on
he operation of inter-city buses and
permitted travel on railroad passen-
ger trains returning after troop
movements.
In taking down the bars to civilian
output, the War Production board
declared the sky was the limit in
the manufacture of refrigerators,
radios. stoves, electric fans, wash
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01
Economic Balance Sought

1t is true that in some areas there
have been rumblings from farmers
against high wartime wages
that these wages have lured men
away from farms that workers
should have saved enough to tide
them over. Nevertheless, the con-
~sideration is now peacetime wages
with shorter hours and no overtime.
Labor does not expect to receive
war wages in peace time, nor does
the farmer expect to get war prices
In peace time. What both farm and
labor leaders here are striving for
is a standard of wages and prices
which will assure an economic bal
ance in the postwar era.
High on the list of musts in agri-
cultural legislation is the program
supported by all farm organizations.
to regroup farm credit and loaning
agencies into one independent agen-
cy. This will mean a complete re-
organization of the department of
agriculture. Secretary Anderson has
already made a start in this direc-
ton by revamping the var food
agencies into commodity divisions.
with a direct line of responsibility.
The general idea behind the indie
pendent farm credit agency is still
to loan federal money, but to create
closer local control for its use.
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01
Army With a
Language Problem

1t is true that most of the Indian
army has remained within the con-
tinental limits of the country. but
that is not really strange, General
Cariappa explained, since it takes
10 men in the tail" as he put it.
to keep one fighting man going.
Many foreigners, seeing so many
uniforms in India, received the i'm
preston that the whole army was
slttlng Gown. These men, of
course, are not combat troops held
back for political or other reasons.
the general said, but are largely the
work troops, the great service of
supply required to keep the armies
in the field going.
The general claims that Indian
soldiers are second to none as fight
ing men. The greater proportion of
them are Madrasi, not at all the
traditional fighting tribes who in the
past have constituted what was
called the martial race" That
term, long outmoded, has long since
been dropped. The excuse for its
use disappeared much earlier.
In the past there may have been
some basis for this concept. Fight
ing begets fighters. AS the British
conquest of India moved SLOWLY
northward it left peace behind it.
but ignited war ahead of it. So
the n~ortherners were the last whose
vocation, or at least ~avocation. was
morta combat. The southerners re-
turned to the gentler arts. But 70
return to the general. He quoted
that truism which all military men
know is sound: There are no bad
soldiers. There are only bad Of
f~icers."
Let me end this column as l be-
gan it. If General Cariappa is Twp
lcal OF midas officers, there is hone
not only for a powerful Indian army
which l, with the rest of YOU. nrav
India will V need, but hope that
here among these 2k million men
who have found a common tongue
n a common purpose has been
planted the leaven of tolerance that
may bring about the unity of q free
India.
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01
LEND-LEASE:
Comes to End

Passed to aid countries whose de-
tense was considered vital to the
U. s., the $40, 600, 900, 900 ~lend-lease
program was brought to an end as
observers speculated on the effects
Of the termination upon war-shat4
tered European economies.
Because Of the desire to avoid
social unrest and political disturb
ances, credit may be quickly ex-
tended to foreign purchasers
through the recently expanded Ex-
port-Import bank Of the U. S., set
up to finance American buying and
selling abroad.
Though lend-lease was officially
ended, acquisitions presently con-
tracted for on behalf of France.
Belgium and the Netherlands under
special repayment plans will be COM
pleted.
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01
Taxes Total A Billion

With income taxes accounting
for more than half the total, the
U. S. collected almost "A billion
dollars in taxes in 1914, APP
proximately 81 billion more
than in the preceding year.
AT almost "a billion dollars,
income taxes topped the list,
with liquor levies next at 21s bill
lion; miscellaneous, l billion,
430 million; tobacco, $50 mil
lion; manufacturers excuses on
goods, 1872 million; jewelry, furs,
toilet preparations and luggage,
424 million; amusements, 357
million, and auto stamps, 1913
million.
Representing an increase Of
over 40 million dollars over
1913, employment taxes totalled
over l billion, 779 million.
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01

Amidst the eXuberant rejOicings at the end Of the
Second World War, amid the heartfelt prayers of
gratitude over the Victory. there is one fact which is
pre-eminent. The atomic bomb that prefaced the final
outcome marked the end not only of a war but of an
era.
"The old order changeth, yielding place to new:
And God fulflls Himself in many ways,
Lest one good custom should corrupt the world"
So wrote T%ennysOn at the turn Of the century.
The devastation wrought by the atomic bomb, the
revelation OF the terror 1t can make of war, demands
an equally great invention for the preservation of
peace, a thoughtful, purposeful meeting Of a new way
of life.
VI Day marks not merely the end of a period Of
destruction, but the beginning Of a period Of con-
s%truction. Like old buildings blasted away by bomb
ings, so have old ideas, old prejudices, old misconcep-
tons been blasted away under the spiritual bombings
Of war. Now we can begin to clear away the rubble
and build not merely a new community but a new
world.
War has blasted a pathway uniting the peoples Of
the earth. We must level this pathway into a road
upon which humn beings of all creeds, all races, all
tongues, even though they start at different places
an dmove at different rates of progress, may march
along, in the full stature and dignity of free men-to
a goal of peace and security.
1t IS time, not space that has shrivelled. We have
learned that our world is but a succession of small
communities, all linked together, all interdependent.
like parts OF a great chain. We have learned that one
cannot have peace and prosperity unless all have it.
Peace can never be merely the absence of war. Vic
tory does not guarantee lasting peace and prosperity.
1t only wins for us the right to work for these ends.
There can be no peace unless justice is also present.
1t will take time to build the new world of united
nations, to forge a unity so strong in understanding
that occasions for war cannot break it. 1t will take
many ~steadfast men to build this world-men who
VIII give to peace the same unselfsh devotion they
gave to the successful prosecution of war. 1t will need
men who will 'use the goods of Gods earth for thn
good f Gods people,"
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01

Lieutenant General Kawabe pre-
sents credentials to Lieutenant Gen
eral Sutherland at Manila surrender
conference.
t added that the Potsdam ultima
.um evinced leniency to the extent
If permitting Nipponese soldiers to
return peacefully to the homeland;
allowing non-war industries to op-
crate and participate in world trade,
and limiting occupation to certain
areas.
Elation over the formal signing of
he surrender in the Tokyo area
was dampened by the threat of civil
var in China, where the northern
Communist faction headed by Mao
Tze-tung worked as a separate gov
ernmental unit in defiance Of the
central regime of Chang Kai-shek.
Backing Chang, but seeking an
amicable settlement of differences
between the two elements, u. S.
Ambassador Patrick Hurley worked
;~trenuously to bring the dissidents
together.
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01

country - Something" he said,
(which every one Of our soldiers
who has been fighting for the ideals
of the United Nations expects" Like
his fellow-countrymen and the Brit
ish officers with whom l have talked,
General Cariappa is proud of the
seeds of unity which have been sown
in the army.
In the first place, the army speaks
and also reads and writes one Ian
guage. Most of the soldiers when
they enlist are of the peasant class
and are ~illiterate. When their train
ing commences they are immedi-
ately taught to read and write in
Roman Urdu, which is a simplified
Hindustani written with English (Ro-
mani letters. Aside from the value
of Graduating illiteracy, the knowl-
edge and use of a common language
removes M of the chief obstacles
to harmony and understanding
among the people. (There are II
principal languages and 100 dia-
lects spoken in India.) Many preju-
diceS go when the language barrier
is broken down. When the war is
over at least 2H million Indians will
have the bond Of a common tongue.
But o than that, they will have
lived together, eaten together, in the
field at least, lived in close COM
partnership in barracks and devel-
oped teamwork and tolerance. There
has been some suggestion that Basic
English be made the official Ian
guage of the army in India, and
while, for the present, Hindustani
appears more practical, the for
mel has been taught on a large
scale.
General Cariappa has a sense Of
humor and a perfect command of
English (basic, colloquial and clas-
sic) in which to express it. Gle went
to school in England as a boy.) He
told me the following story to il
lustrate the ramifications of the lam
guage problem in the Indian army:
A young British officer remarked
to his native sergeant that it was
really remarkable that in his COM
paratively small unit of only 300
men, six different languages were
spoken.
"Oh, more than that, sir" the SER
geant answered. Mine different
languages are spoken here. There
are the six provincial languages.
Then there is English, which you and
| speak Then there is Hindustani.
which we all must speak. Then
there is YOUR Hindustani"
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01
Generals Spirit
Hopeful Sign

If tall, lean and eager General
Cariappa, with whom I talked at
length when he was here on a mis-
sion connected with the founding of
a new military academy in India,
is typical, the army is indeed a
force. His enthusiasm, his op-
timism and his energy are hopeful
signs in themselves. I enjoyed that
interview, seated in the office of
the Agent General for India, where
l heard this earnest man speak with
an apparent sincerity and conviction
which could not help but impress
anyone who heard him.
General Cariappa was one of the
first Indian cadets to be COM
missioned in the Indian army in
1920. AS a young man he had not
yet attained his majority. He has
been in the army ever since and
was the first Indian officer to COM
mand a battalion. He raised a ma
chlne-gun outfit himself and as
lieutenant : colonel led his men
through the bitter days of the Bur
ma campaign. Now he is a general
staff officer, n Of India's four brig
ad1erS, and also a member of the
army reorganization committee. II
was III the latter capacity that he
has just completed a tour of inspec-
ton of the British military schools at
Woolwich and Sandhurst, then the
Canadian school at Kingston. and
finally West Point and some of
III specialist schools. He hopes to
take acceptable features of all these
schools and combine them in the
new Indian Military academy. the
site OF which has not yet been de-
termined but the plans for which
are well under way. The commit
tee on reorganization also hopes to
revise Indian preliminary education
so that it will develop leadership.
When | saw General Cariappa he
was politely but none the less deep
ly panied v some of the reports
In the American press which BELT
tied midas participation in the
war. He explained (Which we in
Washington knew that there were
two Indian soldiers to every one
British soldier in the Burma fight
ing.
General Cariappa is working to
prepare a completely independent
Indian army. 1t is also, I dare to
suggest, for an independent India.
AS a soldier, the general refused t.
discuss politics, but he said that nat
urally every loyal Indian looks for
ward to the independence of his
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01
MEAT:
Remoue Set Asides

Rejecting decreased military de-
mands and prospects of a heavy run
of cattle in the coming months. the
government removed set-aside or
ders Of beef, veal and ham under
which packers were required to re-
serve certain output for the serv-
ices.
AS in the case Of the removal Of
rationing of canned fruits and vege-
tables because Of heavy reductions
in military orders, smaller service
requirements may also result in an
early end to meat control.
Though the government still will
be seeking large quantities of meat
for the services and relief pro-
grams abroad, the new ruling sus-
pending set-asides means that its
procurement agencies will have to
bid for products along with civilians.
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01

Quisling had received $50, 900 in gold
for his part in planning the German
invasion of the country. The whole
operation was conducted in conform
ity with information Quisling had
supplied in frequent visits to Ger
many, Schjoedt said, basing his
charges on documents repeatedly
discovered in the Reich.
Hard pressed. Quisling asserted
that his collaboration spared not
only Norway but the entire Scandi-
navian peninsula from becoming a
battle-ground.
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01
Polio Fund Collections Top Record

dalton to finance research into the
cure and prevention of infantile par
alysis, and a broad educational pro-
gram which includes scholarships
and fellowships in orthopedic nurs-
ing, physical therapy. orthopedic
surgery, virology and health edu-
cation, as well as to maintain an
emergency epidemic fund to aid
county chapters in areas hard hit
by outbreaks of the disease.
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01
shiny o. I1Y:235S
Army Force
For Unifying Country
Common Language and Habits Tend to
Break Down Former ~Prejudices; Troops
Take Leadership in Communal Affairs.
By BAUKHAGE
NetCs analyst and Commentator.
WNU Service, 1916 Eye Street NV,
Washington, d. C.

WNU Service, 1916 Eye Street NV,
Washington, d. C.
One heartening postwar picture
o out of the weller of hope, fear
and expectation which held Wash
ington in its grip through the news
of the atomic bombs, the entrance
of Russia into the war and then the
exciting flash from japan that kept
us or tenter-hooks so long. When
there seemed little to contemplate
about but the lush growth of evil
which had sprung from the planting
of the dragons teeth of war, l found,
strangely enough, in the Office of the
representative of India in Washing
ton the belief that the war would
turn out to be, in n respect, a
blessing to that perturbed country.
India has furnished an army of 2h
million men Cthe largest volunteer
force in the world in the prosecu-
ton of this war and that army has
turned out to be 1.-The greatest school
of adult education" in the world.
That's what the Indians proudly call
it. True, soldiers in other armies
have been taught while they
fought" but few have ever been able
to add so much to the total knowl-
edge of their nation.
l am told that after the last war;,
when an Indian village was found,
especially in the Punjab, which was
a little better run, with more pro-
gressive ideas and a more active
social consciousness, it would also
be discovered that its moving spirit
was an eX-soldier-an Indian (Hin-
du or Moslem, Rajput or Sikh, no
matter) who had brought home
ideas on sanitation and hygiene, CO.
operation and understanding, abb
sorbed during his period of service
at home or abroad. But now the DO
tentialities of this military mission
aryship are immensely greater. Not
merely because the Indian army is
SO much bigger, but because al
ready 1t has served as a great melt
ing pot, breaking down ancient pref
udices and taboos which heretofore
have made Indian unity impossible.
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01
BARBS. 49,. BY Baukhage

Pravda (Russian newspaper re-
minds US Stain called Japan an ag-
gressor in 1886. Large bodies, like
the efficient Red army, move slowly.
Did you hear that one on the air
the other day? Wife lin the year
196O-Why are you so late dear?
Husband--I had to go round the
world three times to find a park
ing place.
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01
FOREIGN AFFAIRS:
British Policy

Though the British Laborite and
Conservative may differ on internal
problems, they stand as one on for
eign affairs for the preservation Of
the country's vital overseas inter-
ests. and this could not have been
demonstrated more strongly than in
the foreign minister's declaration Of
the new governments policy before
commons.
In enunciating the policy, big and
burly Ernest Bevin revealed that
the Laborites would hew to the path
worked out by Churchill's coalition
government and embracing a strong
union of Democratic nations in west
ern Europe; preservation Of vital
economic and military interests in
the Near East, and retention Of the
Asiatic empire.
Though Britain's No. / labor boss,
Bevin handled Russia roughly, de-
claring that the present Red-backed
Bulgarian, Hungarian and Ro-
manian governments represented a
switch from one brand of totalitari-
anism to another. and could not be
recognized by London.
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01
STOCK:

Although estimates of actual num-
bers of cattle on feed on August l
have not been made, available in
formation indicates that the number
this year, while 16 per cent larger
than last, was smaller than the
August l number in any other year
since 1897.
Compared with last year, the
numbers on feed on August l this
year up in all but Ohio, Indi-
n and Michigan, with the largest
increases in the western corn belt
states.
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01

By HI. w. Smith

We are approaching another La
Dor day. We should at all times do
high honor to the ones that have
helped construct the large factories
that produce the articles that are
very useful and mankind is in need of
at all times.
The electric appliances and gas
fixtures, the locomotives that have
improved by the thoughts of sober
minded men who developed machin-
cry that saves time. We wonder if
the public will take time out to help
celebrate and listen to the many
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01

Topping last years unprece-
dented donations by more than so
per cent, the U. S. contributed S16,-
589, 874 to the 1945 March of Dimes
Of the National Foundation for In
fantile Paralysis, as against $40, 973,-
491 for 1914. It was revealed.
Of the total amount of funds raised,
SO per cent is anocated to national
headquarters of the National Foun-
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01
Farmers Welfare Dependent
On Industrial Prosperity

IHE nations six million farm
families, together with other mil
IONS almost wholly dependent upon
agriculture, should feel a deep and
growing concern about forces now
at work. These forces either will or
Will o bring about industrial peace,
n a full and complete postwar
economy in the country.
AS so often has been pointed out,
agriculture and the IS million peo-
pie supported by it are mainly de-
pendent upon labor and industry for
material prosperity. 1t is automatic
there can be no prosperous agricul-
lure without large purchasing power
In the non-agricultural fields. Sec
rotary of Agriculture Clinton P. An
derson forcefully called attention to
this fact recently in an address at
Oklahoma A. & M. college when he
said:
Farmers cannot afford to
forget that their income is de-
rived mainly from the spending
OF non-farmers. If agriculture
Is to be prosperous, the first
essential is that city people
must have plenty of buying pow
crane that means full employ
ment at good wages"
50 farm leaders, during this con-
gressional recess, are making an
interim appraisal of pending legis-
lation affecting agriculture directly,
and labor legislation which will have
an effect upon farm income. The
Farmers Union, considered the
most liberal of the farm organiza-
lions, is strongly in favor of the
Murray full-employment bill. 1t also
approves the proposed emergency
unemployment compensation bill to
give laid-off workers an additional
SO for 26 weeks, and specifically
favors the food allotment bill intro
duced by Senator Aiken (R., VT
which would provide more food for
some 18 million low income fanni-
lies through a nationwide food
stamp plan.
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01

speeches that will be delivered on
that day. Organized labor has been
a great help and the members should
attend the meeting and help along
the line of keeping up with the
times and pay their dues as expenses
go on when we are asleep, as the la
Dor battalions are one of the U. S.
army are one of the most important
units that open up the way for officers
to direct all the movements in the
war 50 at all times let us say orchids
to the laboring man.
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01
Better Diet for All

Roughly, this measure has a two
1oId purpose -. to make an ade-
quate diet possible for every family
and to increase the demand for farm
products. 1t is estimated that this
will cost from $3.50, 0OO, 900 in n
porous years to 81, 500, 000, 900 in de-
preston years. This measure was
introduced last year by Senator All
ken and Senator LaFollette prog,
Wis., but because of the wars un-
certainty, no action was taken. Sen.
Elmer Thomas Cd, Okla.), chair
man of the agricultural committee,
is said to favor the measure.
It is significant that much of this
legislation in behalf of labor was
introduced by representatives from
farm states. Murray Of Mon
tana, Aiken, Vermont, LaFollette,
Wisconsin. Senator Pepper Cd,
Fla.) introduced the minimum wage
increase bill and Congressman Pat
man 3D., Texas sponsored the com
panion full-employment bill in the
house.
There is an old adage that
"you can't reason with a hum
CRY man" and SO empty stom-
achs have a direct bearing on
political action and political be-
liefs. If we do not have a full
postwar economy, then we may
very well have thousands of
empty stomachs. Hunger breeds
SOcialism-Or worse.
The American Farm Bureau fed
GRAFTON, while it has not yet taken
a definite stand on these specific
measures, plans an executive board
meeting in Chicago in September to
draw up its legislative program in
time for the scheduled opening of
congress in October. 1t is certain.
however, that the Farm bureau rec
ognlzes that maintenance Of a high
national income in the postwar
years with full production and full
employment" is imperative to our
national welfare.
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01

ing stood trial in
Oslo, Norway, for
collaboration with
the Germans, open
ly defiant despite
the array Of evil
dence presented by
the prosecution.
No sooner had the
trial opened than
Prosecutor Schjoedt
threw a bombshen
into the roceeding
hxy lar1ari~- 49,
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01

So many Dutch citizens were ar
rested by the Germans that it is
expected that all questionnaires in
that country hereafter will ask: IN
were you ever in jail? 20 If not.
state why.
They say We'll be getting roasted
eggs out Of slot machines before
long. 1t sounds like a shell game
to me.
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01
Try QuisIing

Charged with military and civil
treason, 16 specific murders and
various other crimes, Vidkun Outs
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS.
- WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
Japs Prepared for Occupation;
Industry Given Go-Ahead Sign;
Revamp Agriculture Department

--Reease b. Western Newspaper Union -J
Western Newspaper Union news analysts and moi necessarily II this wspape )
The Omaha guide., 1945-09-01
ZAe0HoAse
zousss
Rm@Aaa
lin WASHINGTON
by Wolier Sheod
wNU Correspondent

WNU Washington Bureau
62l Union Trust Building