davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-10-15
Report on UNRRA

There have been several undocu-
mented rumors about the United
Nations Relief and Rehabilitation
Administration. the chief OF them
being that in countries like Yugo-
slavia and Poland political leaders
have been misusing the organiza-
tion's food and other supplies. I'm
less and until these rumors are veri-
fed, however, we shall be wise to
reserve Judgment on them in the
light of such information as that
contained in the Presidents fourth
quarterly report on American par
ticipation in the UNRRA program.
The report, which covers the
three-month period ending last June
80, makes clear at the outset that
supplies are not being distributed
without an overall check Ever
since April, for example, UNRRA
observers have been watching how
the job is being done in Greece and
Yugoslavia. Similarly. in Czecho-
slovakia, which was not completely
liberated until after We day, the
organizations representatives have
been on hand to look around since
late in June, and in accordance with
a special agreement concluded last
month, an UNRRA mission is now
functioning in Poland. Accordingly,
assuming competency on the part
Of the observing officials, political
manipulation of supplies ought not
to be easy in any Of the recipient
countries.
Although there has been consid-
cradle criticism Of UNRRA on this
and other grounds, the Presidents
report leaves no room for doubt that
the organizations task is an ex-
tremely difficult one. A great part
of war-ravaged Europe is In desper-
ate straits. There is danger Of wide
spread famine and epidemics. Hun
dreds of thousands OF uprooted
persons must still be cared for. And
1t is matter Of prime urgency that
Evening star., 1945-10-15

Twenty books came from his pen,
and they all add up to a single af-
firmation: Mercy Is needed in the
world. The creator of "Bambi" was
an appellant to the conscience OF the
human race. He pied for a universal
charity OF judgment, an all-inclusive
reign Of good manners and fellow
ship as an alternative to the an
archy, the chaos and the unspeak-
able cruelty of the times in which
he had lived and labored. Depart
ing now, he should be remembered
particularly among those who up
held the standards of civilization
against the dangers which still
threaten and imperil it. Such was
the moral value of his career and
the fruits thereof.
Evening star., 1945-10-15
Religion and Politics
By RAYMOND MoLev

The headlines had it the other day
that Gen. Macarthur had abolished
Shintoism. The story below took q
Gilbert and Sullivan turn. what,
never? Hardly .ever!"
Generals can do many things, but
they can't abolish religions. Not, in
any event, generals of country which
has said that religion is Constitutional
guarantee.
And Shinto's durability is doubly as
sured, because it bears SO lightly on the
communicate. He Is born in Japan and
ipso facto he Is Shintoist. If aonther
religion attracts him, he can join and
still stay Shinto. He may become a
Buddist, a Mohammedan or Christian
and, by few simple observances, keep
his authentic Shintoism, provided, of
course, that there are no objections by
the newly adopted faith.
~ +
Shintoism seems to have originated in
the veneration Of ancestors and In an
ancient belief in dieties embodied in
the sun, in fire and in blossoms of
tion Of ancestors are in every Japanese
home. On festal occasions, lanterns are
lighted to guide the spirits of ancestors
to their worshipping descendants.
The Shintoism of japanese exacts
little from his treasure or his time. At
every moment of the day or night, Japa-
nese people may be seen approaching
the tens of thousands OF shrines in the
country. Worship is very expeditions.
The faithful one deposits his hat and
scarf, clasps his hands, prays no longer
than a couple Of minutes and then
tosses a copper coin through the wire
net to the priest. These prayers may
be to god, an ancestor, famous gen.
eral of the past or to the Emperor
Most of all, the prayers go to the spirit
of the conquering Emperor Meiji. No
man can object to all this and no one
can very easily prevent It.
In more remote times, shintoism VA
Evening star., 1945-10-15

nature worship. Prayers were directed
not only to the sun. but to the moon.
the rain, thunder and fire. Also, they
were directed to stones and rocks and
serpents and tigers and silkworm and
the lowly louise. There was also totem
ism. A gorgeous mythology grew up.
with imnumerable stories, MANY of
which have been collected in written
forms.
The evil to which, Gen. Macarthur
is directing his attention is state Shin
toism, which is relatively new in Japa-
nese history. Simple worship has been
more and more, directed toward the
Emperor and the Imperial family. Those
who skillfuily directed national educa-
ton in the past century contrived to
use Emperor worship as a means to-
ward totalitarianism. The people were
led to believe that Emperor worship
had existed for thousand years. As
storms and silkWorms and serpents
lost ground, autocracy gained.
The way back from totalitarianism
is not the abolition of worship, but
the growth of democratic institutions.
AS Imperial brightness fades before
the rise of representative institutions,
the japanese people will, no doubt, &c
back to more permanent objects Of
reverence. They will still have their
mountains and moon and stars. And
If political parties rise in a democratic
society, they may find less and less that
Is holy in their leaders.
Perhaps. after the passing of cen
tury or so, they may be holding festi-
walls to their st. Tammanys and hang
in their convention halls their Jacksons
Lincolns and Jeffersons, as we do. II
they do, it may even be in simple imi-
tation of our own semirational forms
or political worship. But it will hardly
be an inducement to war, which, after
all, is our only important concern.
tEeleased by the Associated Nevspapersl
Evening star., 1945-10-15
Portrait Of q Maine
Seucoust Town

The naailboat churns path OF trothy
foam
Across the icy ,Daters, heading hon,e
Where distant huls crouch blue against
the skies,
Surveying all NTH ancient, sleepless
eyes,
Late snnbenDls sprinkle diamonds on
the sand
Setting 1bldze the nnrrotD strip OF land.
Repedling no1o the friendly little toapn
Whose happy, iDfrding roads come run
ming dotDn
In eagerness to ,Delcome ships and men
Who haze returned for rest and food
again,
Strong, sturdy men as rugged as the
pine
That guards the ragged miles Of gray
coastltne;
Men who were born to hear the pnlps
shriH cry,
To mend a net or spread IL out to dry,
Men ,Dho hupe dealt NTH foq and
stormy seas
Through halt lifetime OF uncertainties;
Hauling their lobster traps Nth prac-
ticed skill,
Swapping yarn where anchored boats
lie stiu.
Gathering Disdom as their daily fare.
Rich IN contentntent, breathing free-
dor's air. whey WILDER.
Evening star., 1945-10-15

The Russian authorities, who have al
ways been very secretive regarding the
number Of troops and their strength in
the various areas Of occupation, have
"liberalized" their information concern
ing the forces they have in the Balkans
and In the Middle East.
Thus, 1T Is known in Washington that
there are about 100000 combat troops
in Romania and Bulgaria. It Is also
known that about 80 Red divisions have
been gathered in the Causasus and in
Armenia on the eastern border of Tur-
key, while the Russian garrison in
Northern Iran has been considerably
strengthened recently.
According to military observers, the
Russian front in the Middle East, ex-
tending from Batum to east Of Lake
Urmia has force of about 800 900 men
equipped with modern war material,
tanks and planes. Much of the equip
ment was received from the United
States under the lease lend agreement
London d as well as Washington Is
deeply concerned over the reluctance of
Premier Stain at Potsdam and Com
missar Molotov at London to discuss the
question of Turkey as an international
matter concerning the United Nations.
According to reports from Ankara,
President Ismet Inonu and his govern
ment are willing to have the Russian
demands discussed either at special
conference or at a meeting of the
United Nations Organization. The Turks
have indicated that they would accept
any decision taken by the UNO in
which they also have a voice. But they
are determined to oppose by force any
"unilaterap action Of their powerful
neighbor.
The Turks realize that their country
is hemmed in and that their chances of
resisting the two armies poised on their
western and eastern frontiers are very
slim. But in the conversations with the
American and British ambassadors at
Ankara they show remarkable stub
borness by insisting that If territorial
readjustments in Russia's favor have to
be made, they will be made only after all
the nations represented in the UNO
have given their approval.
Should the Russians decide to take
what they believe belongs to them, the
Turks will fight even against overwhelm-
ing odds.
The London and Washington govern
ments are working quietly in an en-
deavor to convince Moscow that a solu-
ton Of the Turkish problem" would be
much more to the advantage of Russia
and the world in general If common
agreement was reached among all men,
bers of the United Nations.
Evening star., 1945-10-15
This Changing World
By Consfanfine Broom

Secretary OF State Byrnes is reported
to be more concerned at this time over
the possibility of a violent outbreak In
connection with the question Of the
Dardanelles and the Turkish provinces
of Kars and Ardahan than any Of the
other explosive" possibilities in Europe
and Asia
The Dardaneles issue was brought up
at Potsdam, but Premier Stain is said
to have brushed 1t aside with such de-
termination that the American and
British representatives decided to leave
1t In allegiance.
At the Council of Foreign ministers
in London the question was brought up
again with Commissar Molotov. The
Russian commissar was less reluctant to
discuss 1t, but gave very clear indications
Russia would accept only her own view
which provides for Soviet control OF the
straits and the annexation of Kars and
Ardahan.
President Truman and his advisers
had evolved what they consider an
equitable solution for the international
waterways. They maintain that straits
such as the Dardanelles should be open
unrestrictedly to warships and merchant
vessels of all nations and all fortifica-
tions should be destroyed. The Turks
are willing to accept this solution and
also are willing to place the straits under
an international control commission.
The other powers were in agreement
with the American proposal. Foreign
Conlmissar Molotov, however, showed it
aside. He indicated that the control
of the straits leading from the Mediter-
ranean to the Black Sea, which has now
become a Russian lake, should be en-
trusted only to Turkey and Russia. He
also made it clear that Russia would
not be satisfied with maintaining offi-
cials to see that the terms of Turkish
Russian agreement are fulfilled, but
would insist that she be given naval and
air bases needed to Safeguard the
interests of both countries"
Commissar Molotov indicated that
Russia was determined to control by
force not only the entrance to the Mar
mara Sea but also the Bosphorus, the
entrance to the Black Sea. He also is
reported to have told his colleagues In
London that Russia must back to the
limit Marshal Titos claims to outright
possession of Trieste by the Yugoslav
government.
Mr.. Byrnes returned to Washington
with the definite feeling that while some
sort Of superficial agreement might be
reached in regard to the democratic
governments In Romania and Bulgaria
the Russians were adamant on the ques-
tions of the Dardanenes and Trieste.
Evening star., 1945-10-15
Felix Soften

The author Of "Bambi" died in
Zurich few days ago. His name
was Felix Salten, and the infinite
tenderness Of all his writings un-
doubtedly derived from the expert
ence of his own life. Born at Buda-
pest of Jewish parents in 1869, he
knew the bitterness of poverty in his
boyhood and youth. Like the Eng
lish fovelist Eden Phfllpotts, he
shaved for years as clerk in an in
surance Office. His earlier literary
efforts brought down upon him the
ndicule of critics who disliked him
personally. But gradually he estab-
lished an unassailable reputation in
the field of admittedly romantic
fiction. Schnitzler, Bahr and Hof-
mannsthal helped him to win a
public. Some of his best work ap-
peared in the magazine Beautiful
Blue Danube" published in his
adopted Vienna. He thought of
himself commonly as an Austrian
and will be catalogued as belonging
to that department OF German let
ters.
Yet 1t was in America that Salten
achieved his greatest fame. His
biography" of Bambi the deer was
translated into English in 1928. John
Galsworthy, quick to appreciate "a
little masterpiece" gave it his bless
ing. The first printing was ex-
hausted in five months. At least
twenty subsequent editions have
been issued in the United States.
Meanwhile, many other versions
have appeared-including one in
Hebrew and one in Chinese. But it
was Walt Disney's adaptation of the
story to animated cartoon uses that
brought the author fame and a
measure of financial security in the
end. The picture was released In
1912 and was seen by millions OF
people. Its message was needed
corrective. Great audiences sat In
shocked silence while the narrative
of mans destructive genius-how
The brings danger and death to the
forest with his long stick that roars
and spurts flames" recited in
changing colored pictures on the
screen.
Salten, thus regarded, was a great
modern fabulist. His natural kin
are Aesop, La Fontaine, Joel Chand-
1er Harris and L. Frank Baum.
Evening star., 1945-10-15
Russio and America

Inere is a widespread IMPRESSION
In this country that Russian society
is a classless society in which every
one receives the same economic and
social rewards as every one else. The
idea of such a system is repugnant
to most Americans and may, in fact,
account for some of the anti-Soviet
feeling expressed by certain groups
among us. Accordingly, a useful
service is performed by anybody who
helps to clear up misunderstanding
on this score, since the better we
know the U. s. s. r., the more chance
we shall have of getting along with
it.
Within recent days, three different
Americans-two of them members
of Congress and the other a world
renowned scientist-have contrib
uted more than a little to this end.
Speaking in Paris, after having
visited the SovietS. Representatives
Mundt and Bolton have summed up
the case by saying that Russia has
gone long way from the doctrines
of Karl Marx. and the Russians
themselves admit it. Those doctrines
were interpreted by Lenin - and
have now been modernized by
Stain" The modernization, as they
see it, revolves around system of
incentives and special privileges that
places a premium on initiative and
definitely rules out classics society
In which nobody can advance him
self economically or socially.
This testimony lends striking sup
port to what a special Senate sub
committee had been told a few days
earlier by DR.. Irving Langmuir. the
distinguished American physicist
whose work has won him the Nobel
prize. "In Russia" according to DR..
Langmuir, they are frankly incor-
porating into their Communist sys-
tenn the best features of our capital
list system" and indeed some of the
special privileges they offer-such
as additional ration points and
country homes free of charge for
outstanding scientists or industrial
ists-would not be tolerated in DEM
ocratic America.
In many basic ways, of course,
there is still a great theological gulf
between the Russians and us, but
that gulf if by no means unbridge-
able. Mr.. Mundt and Mrs. Bolton,
for instance. report that they have
found in the Soviet Union only the
greatest interest In and friendliness
toward America. This is encourag-
ing. In more than few respects,
there is a great similarity between
what Russia Is today and what the
United States was fifty or seventy
five years ago. We should be able to
get along together. and it will be a
world tragedy. surely. if we fail to
do that by failing to understand
each other.
Evening star., 1945-10-15
An Act of AItruism
By Dapid Laurence
from Montreal La Patrie.

from Montreal La Patrie
It is an act of rare generosity and
self-abnegation which Canada makes
today toward despoiled Europe in ac-
cepttng meat rationing. It is a doublv
generous act, since we know that the
meat of which Canada will be deprived
win be given and not sold to the fam
1shed people of Europe. This food will
be paid for. in the final analysis, out of
war taxes which the people of Canada
will continue to pay, even though the
war is over. Meat rationing is not p,lt
in force in order to make UP for a
deficit in production, to balance supply
and demand, but to effect decrease In
consumption in Canada and a corre
spending increase in European export.
Canadians accordingly accept thereby a
deprivation and they are doing 1t in
spirit Of altruism which is worth noting
since it Is not often discovered as the
basis of international relations.
Evening star., 1945-10-15
The Uncommon Man

The basic point which Herbert
Hoover was trying to establish in his
recent discussion of the "cult of the
common man" is so important to
our future as Nation that it de-
serves the most thoughtful consid-
Grafton.
Mr.. Hoover contends that an Gin
tangible corruption" has come into
our concepts OF leadership during
recent years. "It is dinned into u.s."
he says, "that this is the century of
the common man-that he is going
to demand this and demand that"
The former President does not quar-
rel with the thesis that the common
man, whoever he may be, should
have all of the benefits of the Amer
lean way Of life, including full op-
portunity to rise to leadership. But
he is strongly opposed, and rightly
so, to the suggestion-often inspired
by political considerations the
United States should entrust its des-
tiny to this rather nebulous common
man.
"The only seriously Objectionable
part of this deification of the COM
mon man." Mr.. Hoover declared, "is
the implication that mediocrity is
an ideal, that the uncommon man
is to be discredited or discarded.
Let us remember that the great ad-
vances have not been brought about
by mediocre men and women.
Rather they we're brought about by
distinctly uncommon men and wom-
en- like st. Francis of Assist and
Florence Nightingale and Abraham
Lincoln. Many of these great lead
ers were, 1t Is true, of humble origin,
but that was not their greatness"
We have seen abundant proof of
this during the great war Just
ended. 1t has been called the peo-
Piles war, but during it the people
were not content to entrust their
existence to mediocre leaders. Every
where the story was the same. In
Russia it was the strength and the
resolution of great leader-Marshal
Stalin-who converted imminent de-
feat into victory. Who would say
that he is a common man? In
Britain, while the war remained to
be won, the British people clung to
the leadership of Winston Churchill,
another uncommon man. And in this
country the people, believing in the
leadership of Franklin Roosevelt,
spurned political precedent to keep
him at the head of the Government
during the dark and critical days.
Why, then, should we listen now
to the implicit contention that there
is virtue in mediocrity? That has
never been so, and it never will be
so. AS Mr.. Hoover puts it, there
is no identity whatever between
mediocrity and popular govern
ment." And what Is true of govern
ment Is true in all walks of life-in
the professions, in science, in edu-
cation and even in the home. This
is not the century of the common
man in the sense that mediocrities
are going to shape the future. For
If that should come to be the case
then we should find that our civil
ization is doomed. More than ever
before this troubled world must look
to the uncommon man, whatever
his origin, for guidance and leader
ship. without these exceptional
leaders our future would be hope
less, and we should not permit any
seeking politician to tell US
otherwise.
The Wyandotte news-herald. (Wyandotte, Mich.) 1943-1963, 1945-06-04

Pretty procticol cottons that wash in twinkno
help Nom through her summer chores. All
styled odorobly for pert misses Choose from pro-
backgrounds. Becoming styles, cute detoiIs. 7-l4.
Evening star., 1945-12-30

SPEclAL-For only Toe, we'll moil you
o75e Super Pocket Of Seeds Of Burpee's
Big Zinnios postpoid-Send Dime Todoy!
Please tell hb, send for these special B~pee Seeds
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-09-12
Bench Gossip

New York, Sept. 12-AP-Ed
Wright, the rookie who shut out the
Cubs for Boston the other day.
was discovered by Red Smith. the
Gu coach. who got $500 for his
find. Wright may have pitched Red
right out OF a cut in the World
Series dough Jimmy Johnston is
broadcasting the news that he now
is manager OF Al Hoosman, who
was heavyweight champion OF the
Pacific area before his discharge
from the Army. Hoosman is six
feet five and weighs 2l0, which
makes him about big enough to do
everything Jimmy claims he can.
The Army-Notre Dame basketball
game. whic' would pack any indoor
arena the way their football game
does tn Yankee Stadium. will be
played in the West Point Field
House witt no charge for admis.
sion. Boston's Art Ross thinks
newspapermen should be admitted
to National Hockey League meet.
ings because I'VE hSve nothing to
hide"
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-09-12

10th complete game in as many
starts for the Cubs, earning his
eighth triumph by 81 score. Ford.
ham Hank had his anxious NOM
ents after blowing a 80 lead but
pulled through in the ninth when
Phil Cavarretta raced home on
pinch-hitter Ed Sauer's infield hit.
St Louis had to come from way
back. trailing once by four runs.
to finally catch and pass New York
In the last OF the ninth. 6-5, on Will
tey Kurowski's two-run single with
the sacks loaded. Billy Southworth
tossed five pitchers into the fray.
and Bill Crouch. recently acquired
from Rochester, got the credit for
his first win OF the year.
Pittsburgh continued Its Septem-
Der drive, tightening its hold on
fourth place, by dumping the Phil
lies twice, "a in 10 innings and 81
on a fiVe-run squirt in the eighth
frame.
After Al Libke's 10th inning sin
gle gave Cincinnati a "a shade
over Brooklyn in the opener. the
Dodgers snapped back with a 15-hi:
attack for an lie victory to square
the season series at IL decisions
apiece.