davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-06-04
Pe1cetime Draft Gets
Ba :king From Grew
As Hearing Opens
U. S. Obligations for
World Security Demand
Preparedness, He Says
BY the Associated Press.

by tne ASSocldteo fIeSs.
The State Department today
urged compulsory peacetime mil
itary training for the United
States because of our obliga-
tions under the world security
organization"
Acting Secretary of State Grew
expressed the departments views
before the House Postwar Military
Policy Committee as it opened a
two-week hearing on the controver-
sial proposal of requiring a year of
military training for American
youths. The committee is headed by
Representative Woodrum, Democrat,
of Virginia.
First witness at the hearings held
before a near capacity audience in
the spacious caucus room in the
Old House Office Building, MIR. Grew
said he came "as an advocate of
military training for the young men
Of America" and believed pro
foundly that our young men should
have this training
Preparedness Stressed.
The former Ambassador to Japan
told the committee he believed mill
tary preparedness counts in the
thinking of potential enemies"
IF, during those years before
Pearl Harbor, our people had been
able to see the handwriting on the.
wall, if We had been even reason
ably prepared at that time. I don't
believe for a moment that Japan
would have attacked u.s." he de-
clared.
I'VE must not, We dare not let it
happen again." he added That's
why we cannot afford to wait"
Mr.. Grew said the young men
now in the Army and Navy them
selves favor military training to de-
fend and maintain, in the perilous
years that lie ahead, the liberty
they have preserved
Policy Must Be Backed.
Il believe a years military train
ing is necessary because of our
obligations under the world secur-
ity organization" he said, because
in the world of things as they are,
our international policy to be
effective must have strength be-
hind it, and because my experience
has taught me that aggressors are
not deferred by latent superior
strength but shrewdly try to obtain
their ends by attacking when they
consider their potential opponents
unprepared and therefore at a dis
advantage"
He was not questioned by COM
mittee members.
The first opposition to the pro-
posal came from DR.. Franklin Clark
Fry of New York. representing the
United Lutheran Churches of Amer
lea. He urged that consideration OF
the question be deferred until one
year after the war.
DR.. Fry was heard briefly as
(See PEACETIME DRAFT, A-12J
Evening star., 1945-06-04
10000 a Month
Facing Loss Of
Federal Jobs
Budget Bureau Reveals
Plans to Lay OFF
ESQ, 900 in Year
BY JOSEPH YOUNG.

approximately 250, 900 Govern
ment workers will be dropped
from the Federal payroll in the
next year or so, the Budget Bu-
reau informed the House Civil
Service Committee today as the
group met to speed final passage
Of Federal pay raise legislation.
The figure was contained in a
letter sent to the committee by F.
j. Lawton, administrative assistant
of the Budget Bureau. The infor-
nation had been requested by Rep
resentative Jackson, Democrat, of
Washington. chairman of the House
subcommittee which held hearings
on the pay raise bill.
Mr.. Lawton said that If the war
continues to progress as it has, ap-
proximately 10000 Federal employees
month will lose their jobs.
Starts Outside Capital.
Although Mr.. Lawton's letter did
not say so, it is understood that re-
duction in personnel will start first
in the field Offices outside Wash
ington. Eventually, however, per-
sonnel reductions will take effect
here.
There are about 5000, 900 employees
in the Federal service, of which 250,-
600 work here.
OF the 10000 workers a month
who will lose their jobs, go per cent
of them come under the Classifca-
ton Act. Most of those employed
in Washington come under the act.
The House Civil Service Commit
tee met today to consider the pay
raise bill favorably reported by its
subcommittee. Chairman Ramspeck
said he thought the full committee
would approve the bill. Mr.. Ram
speck added that he hoped the bill
would be brought up on the floor Of
the House within a week or two.
The House bill is identical to the
Senate-passed measure in regards
to basic wage increases. Under the
legislation Federal employees would
receive an overall 1873 per cent basic
wage increase, with lower income
workers getting larger percentage
of the boost. The House bill is more
generous in regards to overtime,
providing regular time -and-a-haH
payment in contrast to the time
and-a-twelfth rate voted by the
Senate.
Evening star., 1945-06-04
Sale Of S5,200,OO0
In War Bonds Sets
Record for Drive
individual Purchases
Ahead of Schedule
Now, Waller Says

Jubilant Mighty Seventh
War Loan officials this afternoon
announced a S., 100000 increase
in Washington's purchases of in
dividual bonds, the largest since
the start of the drive three weeks
ago. The total is now $44,300,-
00O-63.3 per cent of the s70,-
100000 individual bond quota.
"The purchase of these individual
bonds has now been pushed ahead
of schedule instead of behind, u
Wilmer j. Waller, chairman, said.
"We are pleased and we are CRATE
full"
The sale of E bonds is the only
discouraging note about today's re-
port. Mr.. Waller said. OF the S.
200, 900 increase, only s500,000 was in
the smaller bonds the officials want
to sell to more average investors
than have ever bought them before
The E bond total is now $23, 100 000-
48.l per cent of the $48 8,00o, 900 quota
bona snow AZ circus.
Mr.. Waller repeatedly has asked
for E bond sales of 100000 a day
to make the quota by the close oi
the drive June 30. The $4,000 in
crease reported today, while COM
mendable, places the E bond sales
as far behind schedule as the in
dividual bond record has advanced
ahead of schedule, he said.
The RingMng Brothers and Barn.
um & Bailey Circus will give its
opening performance free tomorrow
to bond buyers, Mr.. Waller stressed
He hopes this incentive will spur
E bond sales.
Tickets for the performance at
8:15 pm. at Twenty-sixth street and
Benning road NE. may be obtained
(o.. yYYAO
Evening star., 1945-06-04
Jap plays Catch
With Yonk Until
Error IsFotuI
By GERALD r. THORP,

Via Wireless to The Star and Chicago
Daily News.
MANILA, June A Jap who
tried to play catch" with a Yank
made one error 1t was fatal.
Pfc. Anthony Peroza, Alpena, Mich,
of the 33d Divisions 136th Infantry,
was on patrol in Northern Luzon
when he spotted a holed-up Jap.
Peroza, under protecting cover of
fire, crept toward the Jap and tossed
a augmentation grenade into the
hole.
The Jap threw it out. Peroza
lodged and lobbA ID a second grenade
into the hole. I came out. too. The
same thing happened a third time.
Then the Michigan soldier choose
two grenade-sized rocks, set them in
front of him, and pulled the pin
on another grenade
Working against time, he threw
the rocks in the hole as fast as pos
sible. As the Jap scrambled to find
them, Peroza tossed in the live gren-
ade.
That was the end of the game.
tcopyright, 1945, Chicago Daily News. Inc.)
Evening star., 1945-06-04
Charles Town Results

FIRST RACE-Purse, $500; 3-year-olds
and up: claiming; about Az furlongs.
Pilates Punch (Edens) $50 $50 $50
Rom (Grant) $40 80
Huntlands (Hummer) zoo
Time-0:50b,
Also ran-Wild Irish, Darby Donna, Bo-
selda, Schley Pete, Ethel's Joe.
SECOND RACE-Purse, 5000; 3-year-
olds and UP; claiming; about Az miles.
Looter LeggetD $40 2.40 $50
Time Burner (RamiereZ) $50 AZ
Little Dear (Carrillo) 500
Time, 0:50b.
Also ran-Tenderfoot, War Target, Our
Fortune, War Joy, Andy Alec.
DAILY Double Paid $940)
THIRD RhCE-Purse, 5000; 4-year-olds
and up; claiming; Ii. miles,
Merrilly Go (Edens) 500 $50 2.60
Don Bingo II tRose) $50 300
Captain Bob wv. Kirk) 2.4O
Time, 1:49.
Groucher
Evening star., 1945-06-04
Tito Willing TO Fight
For Rights in Carinthia

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, June 4.-Marshal Tito,
in a speech broadcast by the Bel
grade radio, insisted today that
Carinthia in Austria belonged to
Yugoslavia and I'VE shall fight for
her"
I'VE have liberated Carinthia, but
international circumstances were
such that we have been obliged to
withdraw temporarily" he was
quoted as saying. "Carinthia is ours
and we shall fight for her"
The Yugoslav leader did not elab-
crate. Britain and the United States
have made clear that the question
of Carinthia should be left for the
peace table. Yugoslav troops were
withdrawn from the territory ON
the insistence of London and Wash.
ington.
Evening star., 1945-06-04
Engineering Union Head
Denounces Churchill
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, June 4-Jack Tanner
president of the Amalgamated En-
gineering Union, which claims 1,0O0,-
600 members, today denounced
Prime Minister Churchill as a
peacetime leader and declared
there were many signs that Brit
ish foreign policy was causing sus-
picion and distrust among our AL
lies"
Mr.. Tanners outburst came as
Mr.. Churchill prepared to launch
the Conservative party's drive to-
night with his first radio campaign
speech.
Mr.. Tanner told the unions con-
vention the Tories must go if we
want homes, schools and jobs for
all"
Evening star., 1945-06-04
Eden Suffering Ulcers,
Ordered to Take Rest
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
LONDON, June 4-Prime Minis
ter Churchill holds five government
Offices today since taking over the
Foreign Ministry when Anthony
Eden became ill with a duodenal
ulcer.
The Churchill posts are Prime
Minister, First Lord of the Treasury,
Minister of Defense, Acting Foreign
Minister and Acting Leader of the
House of Commons.
Mr.. Eden has been ordered by his
doctor to take at least two weeks
complete rest" No. 10 Downing
street announced. His general con-
dition was reported good.
Evening star., 1945-06-04
Japs' Suicide Plane
Bases Hit Again by
Ha|sey's Carriers
Admiral Admits Threat
Of Enemy Roids, Brands
Them as Nuisance
BY the Associated Press.

GUAM, June 4. - American
carrier planes and Japanese
land-based aircraft swapped
punches over Okinawa and
Japan's mainland island of
Kyushu during the week end,
with the enemy apparently get
ting the worst of the trade.
Admiral William F. Halsey, jr.,
who snorts at japanese kamikaze
(suicide) planes as lust damned
nuisance" signalized his return to
sea duty as head of the United States
Sd Fleet by sending carrier planes
against Kyushu airfields-kamikaze
bases-Saturday and Sunday.
Meanwhile, Japan unleashed its
first strong air attack on Okinawa
in five days. Admiral Chester W.
Nimitz's communique today made
no mention of possible damage in
ficted, but said 26 enemy planes
were shot down
Jap Efforts Fail.
Admiral Halsey, absent from the
Pacific fighting for four months,
conceded at a flagship press con-
ference that the kamikaze tactics
were clearly threat, but added:
They've exerted every effort to
break up the Okinawa operation and
have failed. They're just a
damned nuisance"
Admiral Halsey said japanese air
power was suffering from military
cancer" and cit looks to me as if
they had their fifth or sixth team
in there now"
AS for Japan's navy, Admiral Hal
sey said his plans called for knock
ing the hell out of them wherever
we find them" AS for Japan itself,
only unconditional, unadulterated
surrender" will do.
Vice Admiral John S. Mccain
simultaneously resumed command
of the Sd Fleet carrier forces,
which Saturday raided installations
at Miyazaki, Kokubu, Kushira, Ka-
goshima, and Chiran airflelds, all on
Kyushu, 325 miles north of Okinawa,
Bases Hit Again.
Again yesterday they hit these
potential suicide plane bases on the
southernmost mainland island of
Japan, finding fewer aircraft tar
gets. Tokyo radio said ITO planes
made yesterdays raid, flying in IA
waves
On Saturday Admiral Halsey's fly
ers destroyed 2 Jap planes in the
air. II on the ground and damaged
another %. Yesterday they shot
down six in the air and wrecked
three on the ground, a two-day total
of % destroyed and % damaged.
The Yanks received a fairly hot
reception over Kyushu. The Tokyo
radio claimed, wholly without con-
firmation, that "a American planes
were shot down, 16 on Saturday and
8 yesterday.
1t. Fred G. Hamilton, Pratt, Kans.,
landing signal officer aboard Ad-
miral McCain's carrier flagship, said
nearly every fighter and fighter
bomber in Saturdays attack "re-
turned either shot up or almost out
of gas" 1t was long hop, and they
had to fly through 200 miles of zero
ceiling weather.
Evening star., 1945-06-04

improper and not for the public
welfare and the public good"
The ruling referred to Mr.. Walk
er's description of the second-class
mailing rates as unique privilege"
and his statement that publications
are under a positive duty to con-
tribute to the public good and the
public welfare" and observed:
NO doubt such a duty exists. But
it does not follow that an admin
istrative official may be delegated
the power first to determine what
is good for the public to read, and
then to force compliance by putting
editors who do not follow them at
a competitive disadvantage.
1T is inconceivable that Con-
gress intended to delegate such
power to an administrative ofhcial OF
that the exercise of such power, il
delegated, could be held con-
stitutional. Congress established
the second -class mailing privilege
because it believed that periodical.
(See ESQUIRE. Page H-i2.1
Evening star., 1945-06-04
Syria Statement
From Churchill
Seen This Week
Situation Critical:
De GouI|e Offer Fails
To Ease Tension
By the Associated Press.

LONDON, June 4.-The Daily
Mail said today that Prime Min
lister Churchill would make a
statement in the House of Com
mons this week defining in
clearest terms" the attitude OF
the British government on the
situation in Syria.
Damascus dispatches indicated af-
fairs in the Levant still were in a
critical state, and British troops
were kept constantly on the alert
protecting the French in their bar
racks.
Gen. Charles de Gaulle's proposal
for an international four power con-
ference to settle ali Arab problems
appeared to have done little to ease
British-French tension. The Lon
don press chorused protest over the
De Gaulle charge that British agents
fomented agitation against France S
Levantine interests.
Foreign Office Silent.
The British Foreign Office has
declined thus far to comment on
Gen. de Gaulle's proposal. The press,
however, sharply criticized the sug-
gestion. The Daily Telegraph said
the statement deserved severe CEN
sure" adding that the French chief
should realize that disorders in the
Levant ARE quite as dangerous to
British interests as to those of
France"
The influential Yorkshire Post,
controlled by the family of Foreign
Secretary Anthony Eden's wife, dis
the charge with a curt ref
erence, saying "the Levant states
must be treated as fully independ-
ent."
French troops and families under
British protection in Syrian towns
were being evacuated, a Damascus
dispatch said last night.
In Kuneitra, south of Damascus,
1000 Bedouins of the Fadel tribe
wanted to attack French barracks,
and at Hama other Bedouins kept
the British alert. At Deraa and
Soueida the French were taken out
under armored guard, and Damascus
itself was under an 8 pm. curfew
rule. French barracks in the heart
of the Syrian capital were about to
be evacuated.
Will Ask Damages From France,
Acting Premier Jamil Mardam
Bey OF Syria asserted last night
that the French had intended to
trap Syrian deputies and cabinet
members in the parliament house
when the attack on Damascus
opened last Tuesday.
The Syrians, he said, have broken
relations completely with the
French and will not resume them
except on normal diplomatic plane
without any advantages to the
French. He added that an inter-
national committee would be formed
to assess the damage and ask the
French for indemnity"
In Cairo, Premier Abdel Hamld
Karamah of Lebanon and Saadullah
ell Gabry, president of the Syrian
Chamber of Deputies, asserted in a
joint statement last night that the
French had used lease-lend supplies
in the Syrian fighting. Gen De
Gaulle had denied this.
The joint statement asserted that
Syria and Lebanon would fight
until every single house is destroyed
and every native is killed, in order
to keep our independence We will
not sign any treaty with France"
Musa el Alami, representative of
the Palestine Arabs at the Arab
League Conference opening in Cairo
today, was reported to have been
instructed to oppose any concession
to France, and a similar attitude
was reported in neighboring Trans
Jordan.
Evening star., 1945-06-04
1000, 900 Poles to Go
Into Reich, Radio Says

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, June 4.-The Luxem-
bourg radio today quoted a Lublin
broadcast as saying more than
100000 Poles are to be settled in
former German territory, indicat-
ing the Germans are being evacu-
ated from the areas.
Approximately 2,50O,O0O Poles will
be settled in Silesia, the broadcast
said.
Evening star., 1945-06-04
Late Bulletin
Blasts Rock Bremen

BREMEN, Germany R.-
Two mysterious explosions
wrecked the United States
military governments police
headquarters in Bremen to-
day, killing at least Is Amer
leans and Germans and in
juring 80 others.
Evening star., 1945-06-04
Earthquake 2,415 Miles
From Boston Recorded
By the Associated press

BY the Associated Press.
WESTON, Mass, June A fair
ly strong" earthquake about 2,415
miles from Boston was recorded yes
terday morning on the Weston Col
lege seismograph, the Rev. Daniel
j. Linehan announced today.
Evening star., 1945-06-04

TlDo additional men from
the District area haze been re-
ported killed in this 1Ddr. See
"On the Honor Roll" Page Az.
Evening star., 1945-06-04

tSee ESQUIRE, Page A-l2J
Evening star., 1945-06-04

(See LINCOLN, Page A
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-04-25
|HitIer'sH Hit By Bombs
Continued from rage D

against the National Redoubt".
 The U. s. 18th Air Force in Italy joined the attack on Na1 strong points in southeastern Europe. They bombed the main rail station and rail yards at Linz, the biggest trans port center left to the Nazs in Aus oria. It is only 65 miles from the Russian lines.
 Tactical air forces hit hard at rear positions of German troops falling back before Gen. Mark Clark's push on the Italian front. They gunned the fleeing Nazis in some sectors, and hit transport target along the Brenner Pass line as far north as Steinach, Austria.
 In the only other reported Allied Air operation over the Berchtes- gaden area, a handful of America f1ghter-bombers from Italy flew over the region some weeks ago. After, the attack leader of the air. men revealed that he, at least, did not know that Hitler had a retreat in the Berchtesgaden area, and that he regarded the mission as another routine operation directed at rail targets in the area.
 Along with the attacks on the Berchtesgaden area, hundreds oS Flying FortresseS and Liberators bombed the Skoda arms works at Pelsln, probably the last major source Of weapons for the Nazis.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-04-25
St. Francis Xavier School

Each would have authority to veto the use of force against itself.
 Others want more power for the assembly of the proposed security organization. Egypt is in with a group of proposed amendments in- cluding one which would, in effect, give the assembly powers to review actions of the all-powerful council. Little and middle nations hope the council membership will be ex- banded and the middle group is shooting for a block of semi-per- manent council seats.
 The Dumbarton Oaks proposals call for five permanent council seats and six others to be held for terms of two years each.
 Amendments Accepted
 Russia has agreed to accept three Chinese amendments which were agreed to by London and Washing ton some months ago. They would provide:
 1. That the charter specify that adjustment of International dis putes be achieved with due regard for the principles of justice and International Law"
 2. That the assembly be respon- sible for making recommendations concerning development and revi- sion of the rules and principles of International Law.
 3. That the security organiza- tions Economic and Social Council specifically provide for the promo tion of educational and other forms of cultural cooperation. [ Sen. Arthur H. Vandenberg, R.. Mich, key figure in the American delegation, has nine amendment! of his own, the chief of whicE
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-04-25
46 Nations To Map Peace For World
(Continued from Page 1.0

ineton. Local officials will deliver messages of welcome. Stettinius will speak again and the open ing session will end.
 It is B years since the United States was host to a great interna- tional gathering such as this. That was the occasion of the Washing ton Arms Conference which under took in 1922 to start a war-weary world toward disarmament.
 This conference, conceived by the late Franklin Delano Roosevelt, mets in sorrow caused by his death. But the 3O0-odd delegates find an inspirational text in the late Presi- dents words on the occasion of his last public appearance on March 1. He then told joint session of the congress:
 "The structure of world peace cannot be the work of one man, one party or one nation, It must be a peace which rests upon the CO., operative effort of the whole world"
 In that spirit these delegates ap- prooched the differences raised among them. Their goal is to pre- pare "a charter for general in- ternational organization for the maintenance of international peace and security"
 The United States, Great Britain, the Soviet Union and China joint lv An March 5 invited the Al other members of the United Nations to meet here today for that purpose. Last autumn in the Dumbarton- Oaks conference, the sponsoring powers devised a tentative charter for the world security organization. It is the basis upon which the dele gates begin their work today.
 This is not a peace conference like the World War I Versailles Conference-at which the fate of the vanquished and the will of the victcrs is to be written into a formal compact. This conference has only one purpose. That is to draft 8 charter for collective ac- tion to safeguard peace. That char ter ultimately will be submitted to various United Nations for ratifica- tion. In the United States it will be submitted by MT. Truman to the senate.
 The proposed world security or ganization will not be called a League of Nations. But it is similar in purpose and outline to the luck less league which was conceived during World War I by Woodrow Wilson.
 It is a colorful and dramatic