davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Bitter Fight Ahead
On Effort 10 Extend
Tariff
Porty Leaders Prepare
For Heated Bottle on
Proposed Reductions
By the Associated Press.

Democratic and Republican
leaders drew their lines sharply
today for perhaps the most bit
ter congressional tariff battle
since the Hawley-Smoot Act was
written Is years ago.
Reactions followed swiftly on the
introduction of a bill extending the
reciprocal act for three years and
increasing the State Departments
authority to reduce all import duties
up to IS per cent on some items.
Scored by Knutson.
Representative Knutson of Min
nesota, Republican Ways and
Means leader, Immediately declared
such legislation would strip the
United States of all economic de-
fenses against pauper labor of
other nations" He added:
1T would cause American indus
tries to shut down and thus scuttle
any program to provide 10000, 900
jobs when this war is over"
The administration-sponsored bill
by Chairman Doughton of the
House Ways and Means Committee
would permit reducing by as much
as SO per cent the effective duties
as of January /, 1945. The present
Reciprocal Trade Act authorizes
duty cuts up to so per cent below
the rates prescribed in the Hawley-
Smoot Act Thus duties already
cut may be trimmed again by so
per cent.
House Majority Leader McCor-
mack declared passage of the leg
islation will play an important part
in the. solving of problems necessary
in establishing permanent peace"
Mr.. Doughton, stressing that the
bill does not mean that all tariffs will
be reduced. said there is no au-
thority to put any import item on
the free list or to impose a duty on
any additional item. No specific re-
ductions are proposed. The tariff
adjustments are made in negotiated
trade pacts with other nations, % of
which have become effective since
the act was written in 1884.
Not indicating enthusiasm for the
new proposal, Chairman George of
the Senate Finance Committee said,
I'm afraid it will aggravate the
fight that always has been made in
the Senate against the reciprocal
trade program"
Hearings in April.
Mr.. Doughton said the Ways and
Means Committee will open hear
ings on the bill late in April. This
means that Congress will have q
tariff battle on its hands at the
same time the United Nations are
in session at San Francisco.
The legislation carries through the
administrations announced policy
of breaking down world trade bar
riers.
During preparation of the new
proposal, Assistant Secretary of
State Dean Acheson said, the Re-
ciprocal Trade Act has done great
good in international trade, but that
additional authority is needed if
further cuts in tariffs are to be ne
gotiated.
Will Clayton, another Assistant
Secretary of State. estimated that
under the act tariffs already have
been cut an average of one-third.
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Red Forces Drivinq
On Stettin From Poini
Only a Miles Away
Also Reported Bringing
Up Pontoon Equipment
South Of Cote City
BY the Associated Press.


MOSCOW, Mar. 17.-Tanks and
infantry of the 1st White Rus
sian Army thrust forward again
today against the reduced en-
emy holdings at Stettin from
within Az miles of that vital
northern gateway to Berlin.
simultaneously, the Russians were
reported bringing up pontoon equip
ment along 3-mile stretch of the
Oder River in the vicinity of cap
tured Griefhagen, less than II miles
south of Stettin.
The heaviest Russian pressure was
exerted against the southern flank
of the Nazi bridgehead, which ex-
tends along the east bank of the
Oder for about IL miles from Stet-
tins eastern suburb of Altdamm, on
the edge of Dammscher See.
Highway Bridge Demolished.
The remaining Nazi area east of
the river is only to miles deep at
some points. Its complete seizure
would be tactical preparation for
the Berlin offensive second in i'm
portance only to the capture of
Kuestrin early this week.
Fall of Griefhagen put Marshal
Gregory K. zhukov's troops into an
other good jumping-of spot for
spanning the Oder. However, the
main highway bridge across the
Oder's eastern arm, the Reglitz, and
the Oder itself, from Griefhagen to-
ward the Stettin-Berlin superhieh-
way, was unofficially reported demol-
ished before the Russians occupied
the town.
Meanwhile, the Sd White Russian
Army group, liquidating the Nazi's
East Prussian fragments, pressed
closer to Braunsberg and reached
the outskirts of the port of Bran
denberg, which already has been cut
off from Koenigsberg, 10 miles to the
northwest.
An uneasy lull was reported from
the most crucial of all sectors of
the eastern front - the 25-mile
stretch of the middle Oder due east
OF Berlin-where both German and
Russian troops continued to mass
for an impending climactic battle.
Stubborn Opposition.
Marshal K. K. Rokossovsky's I'd
White Russian Army again today sus-
stained the powerful drive aimed
at splitting the Danzig- -Gdynia
coastal strip against the most Stub
born opposition yet encountered in
Eastern Pomerania and the Polish
Corridor.
In an arc across the, wooded hills
(See PTJSSIA pooa Aol
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Canada S Governor General
To Visit al White House

The Earl of Athlone, governor
general of Canada, will arrive
Thursday for two-day visit at the
White House, it was announced
today. He will be accompanied by
his wife, Princess Alice.
+ The White House said the visitors
will be received with all the honors
accorded the head of state.
Full details of the social program
during their visit will be announced
later.
The reception to the governor
general will follow closely on the
visit to the White House of Prime
Minister Mackenzie King of Can
ada, who tew days ago returned
to Ottawa after discussing Ca
nadian-American relations, partic-
ularly postwar economic affairs, with
President Roosevelt.
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Second Two AifieId
Within Fighter Range
OF Japan Is Opened
Island Being Mopped Up
After Marines 'Subdue
Organized Fighting
BY the Associated Press.


PACIFIC FLEET HEADQUAR-
TERS, Guam, Mar. 17.-Amer-
ica's aerial striking power
against Japan has been tre-
mendously strengthened by the
opening of two airfields on Two
Jima which are within fighter
plane range of Tokyo, the Navy
disclosed today.
The second field, in the center of
the 8-mile-square island, was COM
pleted yesterday by engineers as the
Marines were completing capture of
the strategic island which cost a
total of 1898 casualties 4,189
killed. 15,3O8 wounded and AL
missing.
The last organized enemy resist
ance was crushed by three Marine
divisions after 26 days of fighting
in which more than 81 900 Japs were
killed.
Island Being MOpped Up.
The big southern bomber field,
captured on the second day of the
invasion, has been in operation since
February 26 and already more than
80 Super Fortresses have made
emergency stops there-halfway be-
tween B-29 bases in the Marianas
and bombing targets in Japan. Here
tofore, the costly Super Forts Grip
pied over Japan have been confront
ed with the necessity of attempting
a 1,500-mile flight back to Guam and
Saipan.
This mornings communique re-
ported mopping up of enemy rem
nants on the north end of Two. Such
operations probably will continue for
many months.
Two days ago, eight Japanese were
killed while sneaking out of caves
on Mount Suribachi, at the south
end of Two, which was captured
February %.
Hundreds Of Japanese probably
remain to be rooted out of caves and
tunnels, many Of these on the north
end where the battle ended.
Nimitz Praises Marines.
In unstinted praise of the accom-
plishments at Two by Maj. Gen.
Graves B. Erskine's Sd, Maj. Gen.
Clifton B. Gates 4th and Mai. Gen.
Keller E. Rockey's 5th Marine Divi-
sions, Admiral Chester w. Nimitz
said they have made an accounting
to their country which only history
will he able to value fully"
Among the Americans who served
on Two Island" the admiral added,
uncommon yalor was common
virtue"
Two cost more American casualties
than any other island yet invaded
across the Central Pacific. topping
the previous high price Of 16,525 in
Evening star., 1945-03-17

mand, after checking the burning
sectors of densely crowded Kobe
against maps held in his lap while
he flew over the target.
Gen. Lemay cautioned that the re-
port was not conclusive.
He also reported that a recon-
naissance plane today observed two
large fires still burning in Osaka,
presumably the result of Wednes-
days incendiary attack on that city.
The Tokyo radio said Osaka also
was the target of B-29s again to-
day but that report was not con-
f1rmed here. Bomb jittery Osaka,
only Is miles from Kobe, probably
screamed false alarm as the Su-
per Forts neared its sister industrial
center.
The raid, on Japan,s sixth larg-
est city, was dedicated to Brig.
tSee KOBE, Page A-2)
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Forty BPS Based
In India Attack Jap
Targets at Rongoon
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
American Super Fortresses
today bombed vital storage
areas at Rangoon, strategically
important enemy-held military
center in Burma.
A medium-sized force of ap-
proximately 40 planes from
Brig. Gen. Roger M. Ramey's
goth Bomber Command in In
dia participated in the raid,
which came a few hours after
B-29s attacked Kobe on the
japanese mainland.
Results were described as good
and all the bombers returned to
their bases.
Today's was the fourth B-29
mission of the war against
Rangoon.
Evening star., 1945-03-17
British Warships Reported
Operating in Magenak
BY the Associated Press.

6S lH6 ASSOCldteQ tEeSx.
LONDON, Mar. 1.-THE Berlin
radio said today British warships
were operating in the Skagerrak,
strategic waterway between Den
mark and Norway through which
the Germans have been Withdraw
ing troops from Norway.
The broadcast, quoting a Trans
ocean dispatch from Stockholm,
said the warcraft were clearing the
waters of fishing boats. 1t said six
Swedish fishing craft had been
seized and towed to England.
Gn Stockholm Swedish For
eign Office spokesman said the
government had no information
concerning the report of the
seizure of the fishing boats)
The German report said the chief
of the Swedish Navy had ordered all
fishing boats to proceed to waters east
of the German blockade zone, which
extends to within sight of the
Swedish coast. A recent German
warning that vessels entering the
zone would be sunk without warm
ing caused a Swedish protest.
There was no confirmation in
London of any such Allied naval
activity.
A dispatch from Lisbon said three
Swedish steamers which were ready
to leave the Portuguese capital had
received instructions from Sweden
to remain anchored until further
notice because of the present situ-
alton in North Europe.
Evening star., 1945-03-17
u. 5. Artillery Drives
To Within 3 Miles Of
Baguio in North Luzon
Foe Struck New Blow Eos,
Of MoniIo; Amphibious
Operation Succeeds
By the Associated Press,

Dy tHe hssOcfateo tIeSS.
MANILA, Mar. 1.-THE Amer
lean 33d Division has rolled its
heavy artillery to within Smiles
of Baguio and today can drop
shells into the former Philippine
commemorative summer cap
ital.
The 33d-a former Illinois Ma
tional Guard division-has tighten
ed its nutcracker by pushing toward
the mountain city from both west
and south.
Gen. MacArthur's communique
reports that the 32d Division is
probing the mountains from the
southeast.
Meanwhile. Maj. Gen. Leonard F.
Wings 43d Infantry Division is de-
livering a double-pronged blow at
the Japanese in the Shimbu Line
east of Manila while 4n amphibious
operation has been made in South
ern Luzon.
installations around Baguio, 1t.
Gen. Tomoyuki Yamashita's head
quarters, have been bombed and
|shelled heavily. AS yet the city has
been spared.
Advance Is Slow.
The advance of the 33d has been
slow-13 miles in a month-nut the
methodical gain has been made
through difficult mountain terrain
filled with japanese ambush parties
The going has been made more diff
ficult by the systematic blowing up
of bridges. although the 30O-foot
steel and concrete Aringay span was
captured by q surprise night move
Gen. Macarthur announced the
new successes today along with
steppedup air attacks on enemy is.
lands between Luzon and the JAP
anese homeland. More than so Lib
orator bombers dropped 243 tons OF
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Be|t-Tightening
Call May Bring
Big Meat Slash
Civilian Supplies
For l945 Moy Be
20 Pct. Under IA
BY the Associated Press,

A new slash in civilian meat
supplies is expected today on the
heels of President Roosevelt's
projection of more belt-tighten-
ing on the home front.
For the April -May-June quarter,
the civilian meat ALLEGATION may be
cut to an annual rate of 118 pounds
a person-slightly more than 20 per
cent under 1914 and the lowest level
since 1885 when supplies were cur
tailed by severe drought and a
Government hog production control
program.
During the first quarter of 1945,
the per capita meat supply has
averaged 1913 pounds per person a
year. This compares with 1944's
average of lat pounds.
The reduction is in line with
President Roosevelt's statement yes
terday that Americans would have
to share larger portion of their
food with hungry peoples in war;
liberated areas.
May suspend Aid to Britain.
The April-June ALLEGATION is ex-
pected to carry sharp reduction
If not a temporary suspension-of
meats to Great Britain, pending a
determination on whether reserves
built up in the British Isles are
sufficient to enable Britons to carry
on for while without American
supplies.
The Government also is expected
to tighten its livestock slaughter
regulations in an effort to squeeze
larger supplies out of Midwestern
producing areas in order to help
supply deficit areas of the East and
Far West.
Senator Wherry, Republican, of
Nebraska, frequent critic of the
administrations handling of the
meat problem, declared the Presi-
dents statement demonstrates the
need for a Senate investigation of
food exports, imports and distribu-
tion.
"Of course, we are all willing to
tighten our belts but belt Tightening
is no excuse for bad management
and bungling of production, Senator
Wherry told reporter.
Cant Take 10 Per Cent of Nothing"
| From Senator Eastland, Democrat,
of Mississippi, who has complained
that Mississippians are unable to get
salt pork, usual item of diet, came
the comment that the people of his
State are willing to share, but are
being asked to do without.
! You can't take 10 per cent from
nothing" he remarked.
| Senator Eastland referred to the
Presidents food discussion at his
news conference yesterday. Mr..
Roosevelt said there is no world
sugar shortage, but if there were,
he believes the American people
would be willing to cut their con-
sumption 10 per cent to keep people
in other countries from starving.
Il thoroughly agree with the
President" Senator Eastland said,
that We must make every sacrifice
to feed our Allies and the people
Of liberated countries"
Meanwhile. a British spokesman
said London was perfectly willing to
dip into food reserves stockpiled in
the island for immediate relief on
the European continent provided it
could obtain assurances from the
United States as to when the food
so used would be replaced.
| Reports in American circles that
Britain had stockpiled 100000 900
tons or more of food were described
by British officials here as fan
tastic." The true figure, they added,
could not be made public for secur-
/ ity reasons.
However, it was said, if the mat
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Late Bulletin
Eberolized Deferments
Granted in 5 Industries

Liberalized draft defer
ments for young men in five
major industries - coal min
ing, transportation, steel, syn
thetic rubber and the mining
Of copper, lead and zinc-were
announced today by Selective
Service. The action will per-
init deferments to exceed the
30 per cent limitation which
had been in effect for one
month on men aged 10
through 20.
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Coal Contract Par|ey
Nearer Showdown as
Lewis Rejects Offer
Desire to Continue
Bargaining Indicted
By UNIV and Operators
BY JAMES Y. NEWTON.

The soft coal contract confer
ence reached the real bargaining
stage today following quick re-
lection by John L. Lewis United
Mine Workers of the operators
offer of 28-cent-a-day wage
hike.
While the miners and operators
were far apart in their views of the
new contract, both sides evidenced
a desire to bargain further and re-
lations between the two appeared
fairly good. Government labor Of
icials, meanwhile. were hopeful a
strike would be averted while ad-
mitting the situation was difficult
to appraise.
Mr.. Lewis Immediately summoned
the UNIV Policy Committee yester-
day and the operators offer was re-
jected without long consideration
The miners full set OF 18 contract
demands would mean 1888 a day
more pay for each miner, according
to operators figures and about 81. &C
additional by the miners estimate.
The $50 members of the Policy
Committe, who had remained here
since the conference convened two
weeks ago, left for their homes to-
day, an indication that Mr.. Lewis
sincerely intends to bargain with
mine interests The committe was
dispersed subject to call for ratifi-
cation of an agreement or emer-
gency action should the bargaining
break down.
minimum" Offer.
Before the owners and miners met
today in an attempt to iron out diff
ferences, representative of the
operators most conservative wing
admitted that % cents a day was
their minimum" offer and indicated
they would be willing to allow the
miners a little more"
In any event. developments OF
yesterday were regarded as prelim-
mary, signifying an end of spar
ring" over issues and the beginning
of serious bargaining An operator
said each side now knows exactly
where the other stands and nov We
can get down to work"
The operators yesterday rejected
II of the Lewis demands and pro-
posed compromises in the remaining
6 issues. Among the demands re-
jected was the proposal for a roy
atty of 10 cents a ton on coal, which
would net the UNIV treasury about
$50. .000,000 year, and the highly
controversial elimination of the
North South pay differential.
Expires March 81.
A new contract must be worked
out by the conference by March 81
expiration date of the current work
agreement. Two years ago Mr.
Lewis agreed to a 30-day extension
of the old contract when the con-
ference was unable to reach agree
ment by March 81. There were some
officials who believed this would be
done this year.
The resolution of the miners
Policy Committee rejecting the op-
orators counterproposal stated:
THAT the Policy Committee reject
the counterproposals of the oper.
ators which rejects the mine work.
ers proposals, and that our Negoti-
ating Committee be instructed te
continue negotiations on the basi,
of our proposals Of March l with
the hope that through real collective
bargaining, a mutual satisfactory
agreement can be reached"
Evening star., 1945-03-17

SeDen additional men from
the District area hdUe been
reported killed II, this Dar. See
"On the Honor Roll" Page Az.
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Cob|enz Enteredby byPatton Army
After Mose||e Crossing by Boat;
Trap Closing on Nazis in South
Yonks Capture
a More Towns
In Bridgeheod
BULLETINS.

COBLENZ (4l.-Third Army
troops entered Coblenz to-
day. Eighty-seventh Infan-
try Division troops fought
into the city after an am
phibious assault in boats
across the Moselle River near
its confluence with the Rhine.
PARIS P1.-German broad
casts today declared the
American Sd Army streaking
southeast of Coblenz had
crossed the Nahe River at Bad
kreuznach. This would cut
off the northern escape route
at Mainz for thousands of
Germans threatened with en-
trapment in the huge Saar-
land triangle.
Evening star., 1945-03-17

(See TWO, Page A-2.)
Evening star., 1945-03-17

tsee WESTERN FRONT, Page A-a)
Evening star., 1945-03-17

(See PHILIPPINES, Page A-2)
Evening star., 1945-03-17

(See RUSSIA, Page A-2)
Evening star., 1945-03-17

(See FOOD, Page A-3.)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-04-11
Minor Seeks $25,O00 For Leg Injuries

Claiming she has lost the use of her legs as the result of spine in- jury sustained in stairway fall Jan. 29 at 384 North Main street, Dorothy Nonamaker of Waterbury today filed a $25,0O0 civil action in superior court against Isadore Kramer, owner of the premises. The plaintiff, who is a minor, brings the suit through her mother, Mrs. Helen Nonamaker.
 It is alleged stairway leading from the first to the second floor and a landing at the top were de- fective. The plaintiff and her mother resided in a second floor apart ment in the four-f1oor building.
 Pointing out that there was no upright post or railing at the top of the stairs to protect people from falling from the landing and that the lighting was insufficient, the plaintiff states she stepped off into space and landed about five feet below and then was thrown along the stairway to the bottom onto the ground floor
 The court writ states the girls spine and back were injured in such a way that she became numb, is unable to walk, and is compelled to stay in bed.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-04-11
Lauds
 States Initiative

Hartford, Conn.,, April 11-(UP) Assistant Secretary of State Nell son Rockefeller, here for Connecti- cuts first observance of Pan-Am- erican week, appeared before a joint session of the General As sembly today and was presented with engrossed copy of 8 bill pro- claiming April IA as Pan-American day.
 This document which you have presented to me-" he said, lis a symbol of the fact that our Inter- ational Relations and more par particularly our inter-Ame14can Relations are not merely between governments, but more than ever a relation between the peoples of those countries.
 The state department, Rockefel- Ter said, stand with the armed fore es to secure arrangements in h. ternational Relations which will "perserve the gains made and as- sure no recurrance of war;
 Praising Connecticut's initiative in opening postwar negotiations with Latin America, he said that besides the interest in coultural relations, you have here a practical and tangible tradition of trade re- lations' on which to base good neighbor policy.
 Earlier, he said he regarded the Connecticut program as one of outstanding achievement" and an important contribution to the bet terment of relations with other American republics.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-04-11
Leper Colony Greets Tanks
BY H. D. QUIGG

Manila, April 11-(UP)-Amer- ican troops today crushed all or ganized Japanese resistance in Southern Luzon and seized com- plete control of the Sulu Archipe- lago in the Southern Philippines.
 Elements of the 11th airborne division shattered the final Jap anese defenses in Southern Luzon with 8 22-mile drive that carried to the east coast at Atimonan, 72 miles southeast of Manila.
 All organized enemy resistance in Southern Luzon has collapsed and its liberation is at hand," Gen. Douglas Macarthur announced.
 Virtual completion of the con- quest of Southern Luzon came as veteran troops of Maj. Gen. Jens A. Does 41st division seized con- trol of the entire Sulu Archipelago with the occupation of the princi- pal portion of Jolo Island.
 Jolo's capital city of the same name and the 4,OO0-foot zettel Airfield were captured by the 4lst troops which made a double land- ing Monday on the island, midway in the 200-mile long Archipelago stretching from Mindanao in the Southwestern Philippines to Bor- neo.
 Other units of the 41st division also invaded Busuanga Island, north of American controlled Pa lawan across the Sulu Sea from Mindano, and ended Japanese con- trol of approximately 5000 lepers in the Culion Colony, largest leper colony in the world.
 (Continued on Page 4)