davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-10-31
DR.. John c. Merriam

DR.. John Campbell Merriam left
his mark on so many different fields
of science that he is assured of an
enduring fame without specific re-
gard to his own accomplishment. As
president of the Carnegie Institu-
ton for seventeen years, he was in
effect liaison officer between phi
lanthropy and such of his colleagues
as were engaged in the most vitally
important. researches. He helped
scores of men to find financial sup
port without which their efforts
must have failed.
But DR.. Merriam also was scien-
tist of distinction in his own right.
AS a paleontologist, he served the
University of California for quar-
ter of century. It was to him that
the practical scientific value of the
remains of prehistoric animals dis
covered in the asphalt lakes of the
Pacific Coast were ineligible. Many
Of his contemporaries thought of
them as being simply a sticky jack
daw tangle of old bones, but he read
the riddle of them with genius
which was universally appreciated.
In geology likewise he excelled.
The whole Southwest portion of the
United States was his laboratory.
Ee journeyed over it again and
again, never firing of its attractions,
always fascinated by its problems.
His travels inevitably took him over
the border into Mexico. where he
examined the Mayan ruins of Yucca
tan and foretold the wonders of their
gradual excavation with faith now
abundantly justified.
DR.. Merriam, however, will be re-
nnembered not SO much for his spe-
Evening star., 1945-10-31

sources of material than the German
Reich at its heyday of power, nothing
could prevent her from moving west
or east except war-war with the atom
ic bomb! Whatever the outcome, that
would be the probable end of our free
dom, democracy and civilization.
We should not trust our Allies-nor
they trust us. Our Allies, like our
selves, are led by mortal men. No one
can foretell who will lead or what spirit
dominate any of them five, ten or twen-
ty years from now. 1t makes no differ
ence what the motives of any present
government may be-whether of fear
or ambition for power, nor whether we
belong to the left" or the right"
Unless we are prepared to accept
the possibility of world domination, the
United States cannot permit the acces-
sion to the military power of any Of
the Allies of the 10000, 900 of persons
in Europe, their lands, states and re-
sources, now under occupation by So
Wet armies, dominated by Soviet-con-
trolled governments, and rearming;
nor hope to Offset this by a scorched-
earth policy in Germany, whereby we
destroy armament factories while the
Russians move them to Soviet soil.
The inescapable result of moving what
are. in effect. Soviet frontiers deep into
Europe will be the partition of Europe
into eastern and western blocs, con-
dition that cannot possibly promise
stability and peace.
X
If the next war is to be prevented, 1t
must be prevented now while the United
States possesses the absolute superior
ity which she will shortly lose. 1t must
be prevented by fundamental changes
in the structure of the world organiza-
ton which will assure to the Soviet and
every country positive protection of its
frontiers, and positive certainty of over
whelming force against it, If it tries to
extend outside them.
Such structure is possible, and
could even be created without the So
Wet Union, if Soviet suspicious tempo
rarily hold her back from joining Ger
tainly it must at all times be open to
the Soviet, and guarantee Soviet from
tiers even if the Soviets do not Join,
Under no conditions should the United
States reveal any war secrets to coun-
tries that will not become member
states of a world organization, not of
the 'peace-loving," but of the "law-
abiding No such fellowship exists.
but the United States must take the
immediate lead to create it. The
prerequisites are the subject for dis
cussicn in another column.
Defense will not win the peace. We
must make political offensive, on a
worldwide scale.
(Released by the Bell Syndicate. Inc1
Evening star., 1945-10-31

The resumption of the shooting war
between the Chinese central govern
ment and Chinese Communists Is re-
garded in oficial Washington quarters
as being much more serious than 1t ap-
pears on the surface.
The White House, the State De-
partment and the Presidents top-rank-
ing military advisers are alarmed over
the fact that the conflict between the
Chungking and Yenan forces has broken
out much earlier than had been an
ticipated.
There Is sizable American force in
China today under the command OF 1t.
Gen. Albert c. Wedemeyer, who left
Washington last Sunday on his way to
his headquarters in Shanghai.
The Americans are under definite in
structions not to become involved in
the internal war, but to continue to sup
port Chang Kai-shek's government at
Chungking.
Oficially, all the members Of the Uni
ted Nations recognize Chiang's regime
and are pledged to support him. The
30-year treaty Of friendship recently
signed by Russia and China places the
u. s. s. r. In the same position as the
United States, Great Britain and the
other nations which have fought the
Axis
There are strong indications, how
ever, that because of the dissensions
which arose at the London conference
between Russia and the three major
western powers-America, Britain and
France-supported by China, Moscow
has not used its influence to prevent
the Yenan forces from precipitating a
civil war.
The question of the occupation of
Manchuria, Jehol and Inner Mongolia
by central government troops had been
decided on by all the powers interested
in the Far East. Chang was given the
go-ahead signal to send forces to take
over from the liberating Red armies
which are to be withdrawn by the end
of November in accordance with the
Sino-Soviet treaty.
These forces were preceded by Ameri-
can officers of the specialist corps who
went to Manchuria to investigate the
transportation facilities for Chiang's
troops. The officers were peremptorily
ordered out of Manchuria by the Rus
sian commissar at Mukden and given
48 hours to leave. They left.
Shortly afterward the Chinese Com
munist forces. estimated at about AGO.
600 men, with about 10000 rifles and
machine guns and no artillery or avia-
ton of their own, began to rush into
the territories which had been desig-
mated by the Allies to be policed by
the central government. AS they en-
Evening star., 1945-10-31
Tapan'S Economic Feudalism
By Raymond Moiey

Gen. MacArthur's order that the
great Zaibatsu family combines be bro
ken up reminds us of the Supreme
Courts dissolution of the Standard Oil
and tobacco trusts. It is easier said
than done. It will take years to read
Just Japan's business on the lines Of
a truly competitive economy.
These Japanese family businesses
have followed the course of early cap
italism in Europe. The Medici family
in late medieval Italy was an ex-
porting, importing and banking COM
bine with immense power. In Luther's
time two families in Augsburg, the
Fuggers and the Walsers, owned the
largest businesses outside of Italy.
These family organizations represented
the bridge between two systems
feudalism and capitalism. As capital
ism developed the more promotive OUT
fits declined and ultimately disap.
peared as business enterprises.
Japan is an example Of retarded de-
velopment. Despite the modern nature
of its products, its economic and polit-
ical organization is three or four CEN
turies behind our own.
-Four family enterprises dominate
business in Japan The oldest of these
is the Mitsui, which in 1888 published
a jubilee book marking its 300th birth
day. The book showed that the Mitsui
combine, broken into several dozen af-
filiates, controlled one-third Of Japan's
coal export and one-third Of its mines.
It had large merchant marine. as
we'll as textile mills, electrical machinery
and locomotive works. It had its own
banking institutions. It financed al
most exclusively the University Of Com
merce in Tokyo, where it educated the
more important Of its 250,000 employees
The Mitsubishi was somewhat stronger
than Mitsui in iron production. In the
! le20s the Mitsubishi claimed 150,00t
Evening star., 1945-10-31
Russia and the FAC

RuSsia's withdrawal from the
Quebec conference, where the United
Nations are currently engaged in
establishing the Food and Agricul-
ture Organization. has all the ear
marks of discouraging event. There
is some reason to believe, however,
that the action is not final. The
official announcement is that the
Soviets do not intend to join the
FAC 'at this time," a phrase which
would seem to indicate that they
may become members at later date.
This possibility is further sug-
gested by the fact that although the
Russian delegation has departed,
Russian observers have been left be-
hind to follow the closing sessions of
the conference. Reports from Quebec,
moreover, declare that the Russians
have seemed to be genuinely inter-
ested in the detectives of the confer
ence and that there is ground for the
belief that they will join the FAC
when it is definitely established and
they have gone over Its written con-
stitution with fine-tooth comb.
In any international effort to in
crease the worlds food production
and consumption-the FAO's basic
function - the Soviet Union must
naturally figure very largely. 1t has
by far the greatest land mass on the
face of the earth, and If it remains
aloof from the FAC, the FAC will
find success difficult to achieve. Ac-
cordingly, we must hope that the
Russians, If their present attitude is
not really their final one, will decide
soon to take an active part in this
project. Otherwise, of course, If they
show themselves reluctant to CO.
operate even in this limited field,
there will hardly be much ground
for optimism regarding their atti-
tude toward cooperation in general.
Evening star., 1945-10-31
Oyerturn in Bruzil

Brazil has just experienced a
political overturn with two unusual
aspects. It has been bloodleSs and
it is technically constitutional. AL
though President Getulio Vargas
resigned his Office in response to an
Army ultimatum trifie more than
a month ahead of the elections
which would have determined the
presidential succession, the eXecu-
tive power has passed, according to
the requirements of the constitution,
to the chief justice of the Supreme
Court, who succeeds to the preSi-
Dental Office in case an incumbent
dies or is removed. Chief Justice
Linhares, now become titular PreSi-
dent. is an eminent jurist who can
be trusted to act in strict conform
ance with the constitution. He is
thus fitted to serve as an impartial
arbiter until the popular will is ex-
presses at the polls on December 2.
assuming that matters take their
legally prescribed course.
1t is naturally unwise to be certain
that this will take place. Latin
American politics are full of sur
prises for the Anglo-Saxon observer
and things are not always what they
seem, as the recent incident of
Colonel Peron in neighboring Ar
gentina bears witness The reasons
behind the quick custer of Getulio
Vargas after 15-year tenure of
office during which he had ruled
in authoritarian fashion are not yet
clear. The most likely explanation
Is that political resentments and
rival ambitions had accumulated
and coalesced to degree which left
him relatively isolated and unable
to make head against the combined
action of his opponents. Their
forceful coup so near the normal
election period was perhaps precipi-
tated by belief that Vargas and
his adherents meditated a coup of
their own to keep him in Office.
Vargas own conduct has been enig-
matte. Though declaring himself
not candidate for reelection, the
appointment of his brother Ben
iamin as federal chief of police
caused widespread apprehension, be-
cause Benjamin had long been the
head of the so-called Queremista
movement which advocated quash-
ing the elections and keeping Getulio
in power despite constitutional
legalitieS which stood in the way.
This would, of course, have nullified
the ambitions of the two chief
candidates for the presidency, both
of them army generals-which may
account for the action of the Army
in serving its .ultimatum on Getulio
to resign.
The presidential career of Getulio
Vargas has marked an epoch in
Brazilian political annals. Selling
power in 1880 as the leader of a
ASFSAouACl1, 1lC SOFCIlCQ WltllOuU
Congress until 1884, when he was
elected President and promulgated
a new constitution. In 1887 he dis
solved Congress, proclaimed a new
state" and promulgated a novel
constitution authoritarian in char
acter and heavily weighted in favor
~ the oveo11tiuo bro ooh oF rovar,,
ment. This authoritarian regime
has evoked growing criticism, and
Vargas overthrow may well herald
a return to traditional constitutional
practices. 1t may also signify at
least a partial return to federalism
SIS against the extreme centraliza-
tion which prevailed under Vargas
new state"
Evening star., 1945-10-31

cialties as for his dynamic interest
In every line OF inquiry. every de-
partment of creative activity within
the realm Of organized common
sense" He was scientists scientist
and thus benefactor of the whole
human family in his own day and
into the far hereafter.
Evening star., 1945-10-31
Readers Support Mr.. Lawrence
To thu Editor of Ths stsr.

NSddSTS support Nlf. Lawrence
To the Editor Of The Star:
As I understand David Lawrence's
statements regarding the very old plea
OF the military for compulsory training,
he did not slur them at all.
Any psychologist or sociologist will
tell you how largely self-centered are
human motivations.
Your disagreement with Mr.. Lawrence
can only be that you think he gave
undue Importance to the personal mo-
tive of the mi1itarists.
And as yet have seen no thorough
going appraisal of the issues. am sur
prised that The Star is ''unqualifiedly
in favor of such program" Certainly,
the Truman proposal is loaded with
dangers. THOMAS P. MONAHAN.
To the Editor Of The star:
was utterly amazed at your editorial
in The Star of October 26, entitled mo
Slurs Wanted" as applied to David
Lawrence's column of the preceding
day, Twelve Million Men Seen Avail
able as Reserves"
Immediately reread his column and,
again, your editorial.
drew no inference from Mr.. Law
rence's comments that he was "slurring'
Gems. Marshall or Eisenhower or Secre-
taries Patterson or Stimson. or any one
in particular. 1t was simply "militar-
ism" as class. not the good faith of
Army officers" S.P.D.
To the Editor of The Star:
In your editorial taking issue with
David Lawrence on his analysis Of the
motives of the military men who are
seeking the establishment of compulsory
military service, you wholly overlook the
fact that these military men are stimuli
taneously seeking not to establish volun-
tary military service.
When military men talk about the
need for an Army and then present
plan for not establishing an Army,
one naturally looks for motives for this
queer kind of argument.
HERBERT j. WEBER.
To the Editor of The Star:
You take David Lawrence to task
because he suggests that perhaps the
military want compulsory training 50 as
to increase the military prestige. power
and influence in time of peace.
The facts OF life show that nearly
every businessman tries to increase the
size Of his establishment because Of the
increased prestige. power, importance,
as well as the profits resulting from the
expanded enterprise. You often edito-
rialize about bureaucracy; how, regard
less of necessity, Government bureaus
| just seem to grow and grow.
But now, when it is the military that
is experiencing the thrill of power
| prestige and influence, you give the
| soldier inhuman, god-like character and
tell your readers he is solely concerned
with the public welfare. Actually, the
soldier is human like all Of us. He il
ambitious and proud of his trade.
RICHARD r. LEWIS, Jr. !
Evening star., 1945-10-31

When a member of any ordinary
police force retires or resigns there
are usually open to him variety of
worthwhile jobs. But just what sort
OF employment can exist for a for
mer member of thought police, /"
such as that which until recently
AFFLICTED the Japanese people?
Evening star., 1945-10-31
Hundout for Halloween
Says Nation Has. Abiding Faith
in Representative System
By David Laurence

Reproduction Rishts Reservsd.)
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-27
Building

Continued from Page Onel
structure should be completed be.
fore the first OF the year,
An estimated minimum OF 80
more days will be required to com.
plete the "a by 30 foot two story
and Basement addition 10 the Mar
tin Dawson Michigan Ave. store.
Mo'ing OF machinery is schedul-
ed for next week into the addition
built on the rear OF the Streicher
Die and Tool Co, Al limerick St,
after completion OF the building
which is expected this week. The
new addition doubles the company's
floor space.
Ann ng other buildings under
construction locally. Kirkers new
grocery store building, a p by 80
foot one story building at 9Oe W
Michigan Ave. is scheduled TO be
completed within a month.
Office equipment has already
been moved into the new A. F.
Smith electrical appliance building
on W. Michigan Ave, but at least
two more weeks will be required
to complete interior work on the
building before full scale opera.
tons Of the company can begin.
a new store building being built
by Norbert Hamernik, a 40 by 80
foot one story structure on Ecorse
Rd. will be completed in about
three weeks. Mr.. Hamernik stated.
He has not announced the type OF
store that will occupy the building.
The work which started last week
to rem odel the Five Point Service
Station at the corner OF Ecorse Rd
and limerick St, into a three pump
super service station is scheduled
for completion around January l.
The new station will have 80 by
81 foot building in addition TO a
large concrete drive.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-27

THOMAS GENAc


Milan Thomas Genac, 81. S07
Hurd St, died Monday in 81. 10.
seph's Hospital, Ann Arbor. follow
ing an Illness OF FIVE weeks.
The son OF Frank and Mary
Gena', he was born In jacksonville
Township. Monroe County. March
20, 1864 He married the former
Ida billings. who preceded him in
death in June. 1929. The couple
first lived in Dundee and later
moved 10 Milan, where Mr.. Genac
went INTO the plastering business
with his brother. Charles.
Surviving are two daughters
Mrs Mable Coates. Mt. Clemens.
and Mrs. Bessie Sugden, Ann Ar
Dor. Also surviving is one sister.in-
law. Mrs Dora Genac. Milan.
Funeral service will be at the
stevens and Bush Funeral Home.
Milan. Thursday. p. m. with Rev.
William Johnson officiating. Burial
will be in the London Cemetery.
Friends may call al the funeral
home.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-27
IS DIE AS BUS
PLUNGES INTO LAKE

Chelan. Wash. Nov. PAP 49,
Chelan today was a city OF sorrow.
it's beautiful Lake Chelan an icy
ogre which had swallowed a com.
munity OF children when an in
bound school bus left the road yes
terday.
Fifteen youngsters and its driv-
er. were carried TO death in the
deep waters.
Six persons. five children and a
woman passenger. escaped. The bus
sank slowly. the air trapped inside
delaying it's descent. The survivors
escaped through windows broken
either in the plunge down the bank
or by the frantic children. Margaret
Peggy Rice, &c; Bob Watson, 4;
Donnie Mack, 10. Ethel Keck, 10;
Mary Stark. II; and Mrs. Brown
got TO shore.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-27
Rotary

CONTINUED from Page Onel
India had come into British hands
in 1857.
Most important maps over the
world have come through the Brit.
ish Admiralty. charles Darwin
spent five years in preparing this
information from surveys.
While Napoleon and his con.
quests were occupying Europe.
Britain had developed the steam
engine. weaving and the FORCES
Moreover Britain developed. with
manufacturing processes. shipping
with which TO take advantage OF
foreign markets, and defense
against pirates
Prof. jefferson discounted ship
ping for future trade, recognizing
the new air era.
The speaker had maps and from
his accumulated knowledge OF
world geography he gave an i'm
pressive argument for his thesis
Prof. James Glasgow aided with
the lantern. Dean Egbert Il. Is
bell introduced the speaker.
Rotarians agreed to fill forty
boxes for hospitalized veterans in
Michigan. More men had purchas-
ed Victory Bonds, the number ex-
Ceeding sixty who had met their
quotas.
Visitors included Lewis Robson
and Harold Roberts, Belleyille:
Robert Hodgins. Romulus Floyd
Matthews. Albuquerque, ~ Mex;
Rev. John r. MacLochlan, Wayne;
DR.. F. f. Westfall, Dan G. Quirk,
Jack Minzy, Dick Wagner lpsi-
Ianti
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-27
StOrk Calls

Son. to Mr.. and Mrs. Christy VIII
son, 392 W. Park St, born at Boyer
Hospital, Nov. "a. weight eight
pounds. three ounces.
Daughter, to Mr.. and Mrs. Mitch
ell Wilburn, 3i3 Z. Clark ST. born
at Boyer Hospital Nov. IS, weight
seven pounds. 6l2 ounces.
Daughter, to Mr.. and Mrs.
Elijah Widmaier. 3074 Berry Rd.,
born at Boyer Hospital, Nov. 20;
Weight. seven pounds, eight ounces.
Son. to Mr.. and Mrs. Edward
Harcourt. 2Q53 Textile s.. born
at Boyer Hospital, Nov. 90, weight
nine pounds, IL ounces.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-27

LONDON-AP-The preparatory
commission of the United Nations
organization today unanimously
elected Zygmuud Modzelewski,
Polish under-secretary for foreign
affairs chairman Of the Security
Council committee which will Is
tablisr basic machinery for pre-
serving peace.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-27
Grain


Chlcago-AP-Grain futures trad
ing continued extremely slow to.
day but there was little pressure on
the market and prices climbed.
Near the end OF the first hour
whea. was unchanged 10 "A higher
than the previous close. corn was
unchanged. oats were ahead "A To q,
rye was unchanged to Is cent
higher, and barley was rs up TO 3 =
down.
Futures trading IN recent SEES
sions has been the lightest In many
weeks, due largely 10 the Fac. that
so many contracts are at the cell
ings. including all corn, two wheat
deliveries, and one rye
Cash demand for all grades con
tlnued strong, and supplies general
ly are much smaller than the need.
Corn Is moving 10 market slow
ly, Official inspection figures show
hat 1887 ears OF corn arrived in
Chicago last week compared with
1861 the preceding week. but much
OF the corn received was applied
TO previous contracts. The quality
OF the corn continues well below
that OF year ago.
Michigan graded eggs In case los
FOB Detroit:
Whites: Grade A extra large SIS:
large j6-57; medium 5l-5l.S: small
42.S-i3. Grade b: large 40. medium
49,; small i0la.
Browns: Grade "A large $3.50:
grade A large 81; medium 51.S-52.
HOGS salable 1000. Steady: bar
rows and gifts mostly at $500 cell.
ing; most sows S14.1O and S1425;
stays mostly $500.
CATTLE salable 5000. Fresh re.
ceipts augmented by moderate car
ryover; most classes opened steady.
trade fairly active for steers and
yearlings, spotty on cows with
weaker undertone; county demand
narrow for replacement stock:
cows comprise around 80 per cent
OF receipts; most sales good and
choice steers and yearlings $1,000.
1900: most held higher. bu. well
finished kinds very scarce: com
mon and medium native steers.
yearlings and hei;ers sl0.00.15.00;
load lots good western mixed year
lings TO sl5.75: bulk common and
medium beef cows. s9.O0-11.50; few