davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-12-31

Expert Advises Careful
Watch On Fertilizers

Fertilizer trends point to higher
analysis fertilizers, and satisfac-
tory ratios must be maintained, if
growers are to obtain maximum
crops of superior quality, says DR..
Emerson Collins, in charge of Elk.
tension Agronomy at State College.
Rapid progress has been made
in the number of units of plant
food in fertilizers, enabling farm
ers to get the same number of
pounds of nitrogen, phosphoric
acid, and potash in a smaller
amount of fertilizer with less filler
and to save on their fertilizer pur-
chases.
In 1887 fertilizers used in North
Carolina averaged Is units. Four
years later the average was 16.45.
This year it was 1873 units. The
old 1913 fertilizer with only IA units
of plant food is now relic of the
past. The 1945 Legislature revised
the North Carolina law to permit
a minimum of Is grades and a
maximum of Is grades, some
grades being dropped and others
added. At the present time there
are 81 grades on the approved list.
''It is pounds of plant food per
acre that count says DR.. Collins,
land not the particular analysis
that is put under the crop at plant
ing. Farmers must consider the
number Of pounds of plant food that
are applied both at planting and ir
the topdresser to get a complee
picture of just how they are fer
tilizing a particular crop.
''Growers should stick as close
lily as possible to the tested ratios
in the purchase of fertilizer fol-
their various crops. In the past
many farmers have applied 49,
to cotton at planting but this grade
is no longer on the approved list.
1t can be replaced with 5-10-5 OF
with ABB on the light sandy soils
or where cotton follows a legume
crop that has been removed for
hay.
THE SIS fertilizer, which has
been used for potatoes, cabbage,
and many other truck crops, is
also no longer on the approved list.
The nearest approach to this ratio
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-12-31
HOUSEWIVES TO GET
NEW SUGAR SUPPLY
TO BEGIN NEW YEAR

Sugar stamp No. 80 becomes valid
for five pounds tomorrow, Theodore
S. Joshnson, OPA district director
in Raleigh announced today, but,
he stressed, the supply must be
conserved for the stamp must cover
the period to April 30.
A recent survey to Dec. l, he
said, showed the sugar supply in
the southeast to be 16 per cent
less than at the same time last
year.
Co-incidental with the issuance
of the new stamp, johnson announc-
ed all industrial and institutional
consumers of sugar in North Caro-
lima must apply for their quota
through the district office in Ra-
leigh.
In addition, he has issued orders
that all replacement of ration books
and new ration books for babies
and returning veterans will be
made by the district office.
Although price control boards will
no longer issue any ration books
or rationed commodities, a few
application blanks will be placed
at each board for the convenience
of consumers, he explained.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 30.-(R-A
sugar ration book consisting of a
single sheet will be issued to new
applicants beginning Jan. l, the
OPA announced today.
1t is only for those who do moi
have ration book four. Application
forms will be available at Army
separation centers and at OPA
local boards.
The agency also announced thai
hereafter furlough sugar rations
for service personnel will be is
sued on the basis of seven days
leave or more. Previously these
rations were granted on the basis
of meals served and for as short
a time as u hours.
Applications for replacement oil
sugar books that have been lost
destroyed or stolen will continue to
be available at OPA boards, but
from now on they must be sent
to 0PA district offices. Books will
be mailed
Applications of bee feeders also
must be sent to district offices
hereafter, instead of to local boards
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-12-31

is the 6-8-6 grade, which Is rec
commended for all truck crops,
where SIS was formerly used,
both by the Agricultural Expert
ment Station and the horticulturists
and agronomists of the State Col
lege Extension Service"
DR.. Collins calls particular atten-
ton to three new grades that have
been added to the approved list.
The first is an 0-9-27 for topdres-
sing alfalfa. A crop of tons Of
alfalfa per acre removes 1874
pounds of pure potash from the soil
and this amount Of potash can be
supplied by 500 pounds per acre
of the 0-9-27 topdresser.
A 10000 topdresser has also
been added to the list for topdres-
sing cotton and other crops where
additional potash is needed along
with nitrogen on potash deficient
soils.
There has been a special grade
of 4-9-3 for tobacco plant beds. This
year a new 6-9-3 grade has been
added for those growers who wish
additional nitrogen in their plant
bed fertilizer.
1.-The plant approaches a ito OF
PIP in removal of nitrogen, phos-
phoric acid, and potash" DR.. Col
Inns explains. Continued use of l.
81 ratio fertilizers supplemented
with nitrogen has resulted in de-
plotting many soils in potash. This
is particularly true where legumes
are harvested for hay. In other
cases, application of sufficient fer
tilizer to take care of the potash
requirements has resulted in ac-
cumulations of phosphoric acid.
Tobacco, for example. fertilized
with 1000 pounds of 1876 fertilizer
applies 80 pounds Of nitrogen, 90
pounds of phosphoric acid, and SO
pounds of potash. One thousand
pounds of tobacco leaves remove
40 pounds of nitrogen, S pounds
of phosphoric acid, and go pounds
of potash. The IS pounds of phcs-
phoric acid residue remains in the
soil and stalks. This type Of fertili-
cation has built up residues of phos-
phoric acid which are easily de-
tected by soil tests"
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-12-31
YOU NEEDN'T SKIMP
ON THE WHITE MEAT
AS YOU'RE CARVING

Housewives and families who
have missed the advantage of
buying turkeys and other type
fowl from producers, professors
and wholesalers, will be able to
buy this portion of their menu in
unlimited numbers after Jan. 8,
according to an associated Press
dispatch from Washington.
|. Sales have been limited to three
turkeys and five head of other type
fowl, although retail store pur-
chases were not restricted under
OPA regulations.
The restriction was imposed when
poultry was scarce. The OPA, in
ending the regulation, said it no
longer served a useful purpose.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-12-31
Farm Women Planning
For Real Family Liuing

lily life, calls for tolerance. corr.
age, and faith. The necessity for
letting youth take their place as
citizens of respons bility both in the
nome and community is recogniz-
ed. Having made a fine contribu-
ZION to the war effort, why should
not their attention and interest he
centered more upon the commun-
lty, its problems and needs, Great
ing a desire for activity.
A recent survey of $1,000 high
school students reported that three
out OF five planned to leave their
nome community because of better
opportunities elsewhere. The larg-
est percent of those planning to
leave came from the rural sections
and club women realize the eco
nomlc loss as we'll as social loss.
recreation programs afford oppor-
tunities for increasing participation
in community affa IRIS and for coor.
dinating efforts of the various or
CARNATIONS.
Much has been said about an in.
crease in income. That increase is
desired IN order to have a better
standard of living and better life
for the farm family. In order to
have better life, more education
is needed to 60 along with more
dollars.
The program of, the future will
make full use of such practices as
good management, food production
and preservation, foods and nutri-
ton, and clothing and apply them
to the big problems of the COM
munity.
Home Demonstration Plans
After all, home demonstration
club women are lending their aid
to build rural citizenry to think
with pride of its occupation; to be
alive, alert, and aware of its op-
portunities, as well as its problems
and needs, eager with self-reliance
and courage to assist in meeting
them. They also wish to assist in
bringing scientific knowledge in
such workable terms and by such
tested principles that it may be
used to improve individual and
group life of rural people. They
plan to guide in better family plan
ming in relation to farm, home, and
money management, health conser-
walton, recreational and social life.
They will help develop leadership
by affording opportunities for the
development of latent talent, urg-
ing club members to participate in
the program at each meeting, and
to use as many local leaders as
possible in order to beget real lead
ership.
Home demonstration women will
help build for the future or agri-
culture by cooperating with other
agencies in furthering participation
in better homes, family and COM
munity life, civic programs, recre-
alton, health facilities, and medical
care; improving rural schools; es-
ticipation in church and commun-
brary service; and increasing par
ticipation in church and commun
ity affairs.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-12-31
Sicilian Policeman Dies
In Separatists Clashes

ROME, Dec. 30.-P)-A Sicilian
policeman was killed and four
others wounded last night and ear.
ly today in clashes with Sepa-
ratists who want to secede from
Italy. Rome newspapers reported
in dispatches from Sicily. Sepa-
ratist casualties could not be learn
ed.
Dispatches from Catania said
skirmishes still were in progress
between Caltagirone and Niscemi.
A number of university students
from the Separatist ranks have
been arrested.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-12-31
IS GETTING UP NIGHTS
GETTING YOU DOWN?
Thousandg say famous Doctors
discovery gives blessed relief from
irritation Of the bladder caused by
excess acidity in the urine

Why suffer needlessly from baekaehes,
rundown feeling from excess eeidity in
the urine1 Just try DIR. KlLMERS
SWAMP ROOT, the renowned herbal
medicine. SWAMP ROOT acts fast on the
kidneys to promote the flow Of urine and
naly created BY a practising physician,
DR.. Kilmer's is carefully blended eombi-
nation of is herbs, roots, vegetables. bal
sans. Absolutely nothing harsh or habit
forming in this pure, scientific prepare
ton. Just good ingredients that quickly
act on :ne kidneys to increase the flow OF
urine and ease the uncomfortable symp-
toms Of bladder irritation.
Send for free, prepaid sample TODAY!
Like thousands of others you'll be glad
that you did. Send name and address: to
Department B, Kilmer & Co., Inc, Boz
1855, Stamford, Conn. Offer limited. Send
At once. All druggists sell Swamp Root
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-12-31
COTTON FUTURES
REACH new PEAKS
BY LEON TREMBLING
AP Staff Writer

NEW ORLEANS, Dec. 3o-tR-
Cotton futures, during brisk SEES
sions of trade and speculative buy
ing in the New Orleans Exchange,
scared in 1945 to their highest
levels in 20 years, and then closed
the year on Dec. 20 at or near the
peak prices.
The market ended 1945 at prices
ranging from $12.65 to $3.50 a
bale higher, or 253 to 304 points
above the close of business on
Dec. 80, 1914.
The peak price of the year was
2485 cents pound reached by the
December, 1915, contract on Dec.
II; and the lowest was $20.25 a
pound for March 1945 contract,
making a range of $500 bale
for the year for New Orleans fu-
lures.
The higher trend in prices start
ed at the beginning of the year,
and with only few downward
L CdCL1OIlo VI consequence, g. ooIA-
ally reached its highest levels
since July 20, 1925.
The trading volume throughout
the year was large. At the END
there was no let-up in demand.
The end of the war had very little
effect on the upward trend. Il
caused moderate amount of long
liquidation and profit taking, but
when it was realized that war tori
nations would need tremendou:
amount of supplies, new buying
halted the decline.
The average price of middlins
15-16ths-inch cotton at ten designat
ed southern spot markets was 24.5:
cents pound at the end of 1915, OF
$685. a bale higher than the 21.7;
cents a pound average on Dec. 80
1874.
The year-end close for futures fol
1945 compared with 1914 follows:
Close close range (per bale).
Dec. 20, 1945 Dec. 30, 1914
Mich 24.61 22.08 up $12.6s
May 24.59 22.03 up $12 81
Jly 24.46 21.73 up $13.6
Oct. 1872 20.70 up SIS. II
Dec. 1858 20.59 B up $3.50
B-bid.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-12-31

profits from turkey production
may not be as good; that is, as
high this next season as in past
years. TIL e f fore, he cautions
against undue expansion and sug-
gests that all newcomers start on
a modest scale and try to base
their flock size on the probable
market. In fact, it is best to look
into the local market outlet or de-
mand before getting too deeply in
vo1ved.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-12-31
BILLY'S 'sAWDUST TRAIL
BOSTON. M.R - Th

BOSTON, W.D - The origin OF
Billy Sundays .Sawdust Trail"
has been disclosed by the famed
revivalist's wife, Mrs. William (Ma)
Sunday.
She said that in Western forests
woodsmen laid trail of sawdust
SO they might find their way back
home. When Billy began his work,
he couldn't afford a floor, so saw
dust was laid on the ground.
One of the woodsmen at a re-
vival saw the sawdust and ex-
claimed, They're hitting the saw
dust trail" The expression caught
on and was used from then on.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-12-31
EIGHT DROWNED

JERUSALEM, Dec. 30 R =
Sixty mud huts and houses col
lapsed in the GAIA area in southern
Palestine after a cloudburst today
and two women and six children
were drowned and Is persons re-
ported missing. An area, square
miles, including parts OF the town
of GAIA, were flooded.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-12-31
BUCK TANGLED 10 DAYS

COLEBROOK, N. H. W.H-Vic-
tory wasn't So sweet for zoo
pound buck who killed another
deer in Dixville Notch. For 10 days
the buck was held captive with its
horns locked in those of its foe.
Finally, Victor Gadwah succeeded
in separating the horns and free
ing the animal.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-12-31
Carolina Farm Comment
BY F. H. JETER

poultrymen is favorable or not.
They believe that by producing
better quality of egg than is the
general custom in their vicinity
they can always sell their eggs to
advantage and at a profit.
F. j. Koonce, Jr., assistant farm
agent in Lenoir County, is inclined
to agree with them because he
has been working closely with the
Harper family in the last three
years and knows something of
what they are able to do. He says
that two of the Harper children,
Lionel, age II, and Peggy, age IA.
are starting out right in the poul-
try business. These two children
have laying flock of their own
consisting of IS New Hampshire
Red hens. They raised these pull
lets from baby chicks and they
have started to candle their eggs.
As a result, they are selling them
all at a premium to the South
wood School lunch room and, as
is the case with their parents, the
demand is greater than they can
supply. wonder if that's not pref
ty much true about all quality
products.
/ Roy Dearstyne, head of the
Poultry Department at State Col
lege, advises that there is such a
shortage of protein feeds right
now that many of our North Car
DINA feed mixers can run only a
part of each week. There is no
immediate relief in sight, either,
and he believes that the situation
will become worse before it gets
any better. Regardless of the rea-
sons for this shortage, this lack
of proteins is a serious matter to
the poultry grower because hens
and chickens are dependent upon
good mixed feed for the proper
growth and egg production. The
poultrymen also is dependent upon
these protein feeds if he is to
make a profit.
Mr.. Dearstyne b lie v S that
every poultryman should recog-
nize this shortage and take it into
account in all of his plans. One
effect We way in which to meet the
situation is to Gull out all these
pullets not yet in production anc
all the older hens which have not
proven themselves to be good lay
ers, or which are not being saved
for breeding purposes. A second
way is to conserve all feed pos
sihle. For instance, Dearstyne
suggests that much feed can be
saved by the simple thing of MOI
overt ling tn feed hoppers and
by storing the feed so that it will
not decay. Control of rats about
the poultry plant is an excellent
way in which to save feed. These
DcStS cdL dIlO JO11QIS oOOoS 40
much feed as the hens eat.
Mr.. Dearstyne also offers the
timely reminder that turkey grow
ers should get in their orders for
poults as early as possible. There
has been tremendous increase in
turkey production over North Car
DINA in recent years, and the
farm families of the state are be-
coming more 'turkey-minded," as
he calls it. The success attending
the efforts of those who have en-
gagged in this work is encoura ging
others to enter the turkey growing
business and this means that there
will likely be strong demand for
poults this season.
The poultry scientist adds a
word of caution, however, because
he says that every grower ought
to take into account that the
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-12-31
BY F. H. JETER

Inc qualify prOuuCt almost al
ways wins the extra price premi-
UNI. That's the opinion of Mr.. and
Mrs. Leo H Harper of Kinston,
Route 4, Lenoir County. They be-
gan to learn this four years ago
when the Harpers attended an egg
show and poultry short course at
New Bern. At that show, poultry
extension specialists gave demon
STATIONS and instructions about
how to candle eggs and to select
and pack them In cartons for the
profitable trade.
Today the Harpers have more
customers to come to the farm for
eggs than they can supply. They
have been keeping between 500
and 600 White Leghorn laying
hens for the past eight years but
this year they found it necessary
to cut back to about $50 hens be-
cause of the labor shortage,
heavy acreage planted to tobacco,
and because government reports
indicated that a cut-back in poul-
try numbers is necessary, due to
prices and available feed supplies.
Four years ago, however, the
Harper family began to candle
and pack their eggs in paper car
tons. because as Mr.. Harper said,
''by putting a good quality,
candled egg on the market, a
poultryman can hold his custom
ers and get a premium price of
as much as five or more cents for
each dozen eggs" This premium
of five cents a dozen meant an
extra profit of about $500 each
year when the Harpers were SELL
ing 5000 dozen eggs a year. With
their flock now reduced to only
$50 layers, the better marketing
practices is still meaning 5000
year extra income.
Nor does it take much time to
candle the eggs. In fact, Mr..
Harper says that enough time is
saved by having his customers
come to his farm for their eggs
to offset the time that it takes
him to peep at every one before
he sells it. Gambling is a very
simple operation, consisting of
looking at the eggs through a
lighted background to see that
they are sound and fresh without
blood spots or other defects. This
Gambling can be done by cutting
a hole in shoe box, and putting
small electric bulb in the box
to furnish the necessary illumi-
nation. Mr.. Harper says that
Gambling is just as practical for
the small poultryman as it is for
the big fellow with thousands of
hens and dollars invested in his
business.
Gambling means top prices and
certainly, he says, the small grow
GT IS even 1llO1 1llIS1 CotCO, tAAoAA
the large grower, in getting the
maximum income from his flock.
Mr.. Harper finds also that one
cannot have the best quality OF
eggs unless he provides the hens
with clean nests and clean houses.
This will prevent dirty egg shells.
Some one has said that it is easy
to tell when it has rained in North
Carolina by looking at the eggs
which come in from the average
poultry farm. That's just about
true.
Anyway, the Harpers are plan
ming to build a new laying house
this summer and they say they
are going to increase their flock
back to 500 laying hens, whether
~. o,,t1aol, rannrf for
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-12-31

A large owl, according to a dis
patch from Moscow, has taken UP
its abode on the building where
the Big Three foreign ministers
are staging their parley. Just hang
ing around in case someone might
want it's advice? .
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-24
Burma Jdps
Pinned,iin Trap

CALCUTTA, March % (UP)--
British Indian troops have driven
more than 60 miles south OF
-Mandalay to compress remnants
~ the japanese Fifteenth Army
into a narrow pocket on the
plains 1S miles north OF Meiktila,
eommunique disclosed today.
Units of the Twentieth Indian
Division captured Pindale village,
19 miles north Of Meiktila, and
Wundwin. on the main Mandalay-
Meiktila road 1S miles northeast
of Meiktila. the communique said.
Other British units were re-
ported striking northward from
Meiktila into the rear OF the
pocketed japanese army, inflict-
ing heavy casualties on the
enemy. ~
Sixty miles southwest Of Man
dalay. the British also captured
the Japanese Irrawaddy River
stronghold OF Myingyan and its
adjacent airfield.
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-24

built Tokyo's Imperial Hotel.
Wright told an architects
meeting here last night that the
japanese psychology quickly adj
justs 10 disaster, accepting earth
quakes, floods, fires and now
bombs as things which can't be
helped"
"They are used 10 destruc-
tion and we are just handing
them something they can cope
with" he said. "They have the
finest fire-fightlng system In the
world"
lie added that many Jap fac
tories and buildings are solidly
constructed and can Withstand
attack.
Wright spoke at the 31st annual
meeting of the Michigan Society
OF Architects. Newly elected presi-
dent of the society is Roger Allen
OF Grand Rapids.
Other officers elected were:
Adrian N. Lansing; Earl w. Pei
lerin and Joseph w. Leinweber,
vice presidents; L. Robert Blakes-
lee, secretary: Malcolm r. Stirton,
treasurer, and Talmage c. Hughes
executive secretary.
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-24
! Ndziis Flee
Fort Custer

Federal agents today were
seeking two German prisoners Of
war who escaped from Fl. Custer
while serving with mess hall
detail. They are:
Kuno Ufken. "a. five feet seven
inches tall, brown hair. ruddy
complexion, wearing an army field
jacket marked with a PW on the
back, army trousers and German
cap.
Friedrich Jaeger, 19. weighing
la pounds; five feet five inches
tall. gray eyes. brown hair and
light complexion.
Neither can speak English.
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-24
Vets TO Boost Bonds
Times Photo

FORT BENNING. Ca, March
% UNS)-More than 1000 com
bat veterans are in training at
Fort Benning 10 form demonstra-
ton groups TO tour the nation
in the interest of the Seventh
War Loan drive.
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-24
Ambulance Hurts 3

Merton Spaulding. az, of 500 w
Nine Mile. Ferndale, was held by
police today tor reckless driving
after his speeding ambulance had
hit a passenger car on Third, IN
juring three persons, when he
allegedIy ran red light at w.
Chicago.
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-24
NEW JAP THRUST

CHUNGKING. March % (UP)
"A Chinese army spokesman said
today the Japanese had opened a
new offensive from bases on the
Peiping-H -Hankow railroad against
the airbase town OF Lochokow.
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-24
SEEK 10 ESCAPES

American Border Patrol and
Ontario provincial and military
police were keeping a sharp look
out today for 10 German prisoners
Of war who have escaped In the
last few days from two prison
camps in northern Ontario. One
group left a work project at Camp
KapuSkasing and the other from
Camp Long Lac. Escaped Ger
mans ordinarily head for the Dor.
der, police said.
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-24

CAPE TOWN, March % tINS)
The end of the European war Is
"at hand" Prime Minister SmutS
told the South African Senate
today.
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-24

Buy War Savings Stamps the
convenient way. Order them
delivered to your door from your
Detroit Times carrier-salesnlan.