davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-03-02
SURPLUS PLANES FOR COLLEGES

What to do with our surplus WorPlones IN PeoCe-
time is question that has been bother'n9 'ot or
people ever since our orcrot industry ochIeVeo IT'S
undreornedof production heights. 1t hos seemed tnot
the mighty fleet Of oirp|ones which has done SO uCn
to make victory certain might turn into large herd
Of white elephants once thot victory was won.
But Ernest R. Breech, president Of the Bendix Air
croft Corp hos come along with plan that promises
to achieve at least portal solution OF the problem
and at the same time render this country valuable
service.
Mr. Breech suggests that the government under
the new Surplus Low sell or eose these croft TO COL
Ieqes and universities which now give oeronoutIcol
courses or which plan to institute them otter the war;
His suggestion preceded by survey OF schools,
and the result assured him that there would be con-
siderable academic interest in the used WorPlone
morket
Only ass out Of 300 colleges and universities
poIed answered the questionable. But w OF these
we're found to be giving courses in oeronoutcs o'-
ready, and IS more include such courses in their
postwar Plans Whot is more, Is schools reported
that they now have adequate facilities for q per-
monent program, and l6O others hive equip
ment.
Mr. Breechs plan apparently hos the approval Of
the whole industry and it's advantages nuner-
ous In the field Of national defense, collegiate owl
alton instruction could be included in ROTC train
ing with requirements high enough to turn out pilots
novieotors and mechanics Of military Standard
Such instruction would oIso help to guarantee our
continued leadership in world ovation The end Of
the war; which will find US the worlds greatest dir
power, will also signal greet expansion Of CONNER
ciol aviation throughout the world, and Of flying in
general If we wish to maintain our leadership, we
must look for the new leaders in the shops and lob
orotories Of our colleges and universities
If the Breech plan will hasten q program for de-
velopne future oircroft designers engineers and
technicons it deserves Try apart from its merits
Of usefulIy solvoeine surplus planes.
Of course, the ovation ndustrys interest in this
plan might be called selfish, but it is seIfishness
which work for the common good. The industry not
uroIy is interested in markets. Ar-nndedness is q
requisite of those morkets and there probably ore
few better ways Of spreading oir-mindedness than
from our colleges.
But markets also mean jobs Aviation is now in
the awkward position Of being one Of our youngest
as we'll as biggest industries. Obviously it cannot
maintain anything like its present size in peoce
But it should do everything possible to avoid sud-
den collapse Of activity.
If college oeronoutcol training can do anything
toword easing the transition, then Mr. Breech de-
serves three cheers and tiger, and off the cam
pus.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-03-02
. BEHIND THE SCENES
IN WASHINGTON .

Orlando. The British had to
show us how TO work 1t, and
Raj officers came TO the Unit
ed States TO help us set up a
center to do research on enemy
planes.
Here captured aircraft and
parts are torn down, put under
the microscope, then put to-
gether again and test flown.
THERE'S A REASON
FOR ALL THIS
Why bother about the planes
of Jerry and the Jap? For one
thing, these technical laboratory
detectives learn about enemy
inter-plane radios. They learn
the arcs of fire their guns will
cover and so point out the blind
spots from which they can be
attacked with greatest safety for
Allied pilots. Such information
helps pilots destroy more enemy
planes and get back home safe
and sound.
The Yogi airborne antenna
wasn't named because it was a
funny-looking magic wand, but
because it was patented by a
Japanese authority on radio de-
velopment. Complete plans were
found in the U. S. patent office.
In 1913, an inventor named
Caesar Marshal patented mag
netic mine which would ex-
plode when metallic hull
passed within range. In 1919.
the Japs took out license to
manufacture il because Ameri-
cans weren't much interested in
it. Also, Japan was an ally
then, and the u. S. government
gave them what they asked for.
But the Japs didn't do much
with it either. Then the Ger
mans came along in the l930's
and asked the Japs for it. The
Germans studied it six years,
perfected it for dropping into
British harbors by parachute
from German bombers, and in
1889 the Nazis used it. 1t is no
secret that we are using this
same principle against the Japs
now.
U. S. PILOTS ALERTED
Technical analysis of new
aileron on the wing of the Jap
Zeke plane revealed that this
fighter would hereafter be able
TO turn more rapidly and be
more maneuverable than it had
been in the past. u S. pilots
were alerted.
Metallurgic analysis of air.
craft parts gives important clues
on enemy shortages of strategic
materials and alloys. That helps
tell the strategists what to
bomb.
Germany's critical shortages
of ball bearings, reduction gears
and spark plug points were first
revealed to information ex-
perts. Subsequent metallurgy
as we'll as Photographic recon-
naissance has shown the effec-
tiveness of bombing ra d S
against those industries.
One of the screwiest cases Of
this kind came in connection
with a German use of mag
nesium. Early in the war all
oxygen bottles were made Of
magnesium, but when hit by a
machine gun bullet, the combi-
nation frequently blew up the
plane. The Germans turned to
steel for oxygen bottles. But the
manufacture of magnesium was
controlled by high Nazi party
official and the complained that
he was being Disseminated
against. So the German aircraft
industry went back to magnes-
ium oxygen bottles. The British,
who made this discovery, used
the information where it would
do the most good-in broadcasts
to the German Luftwaffe, tell
ing them how their great party
leaders were endangering the
pilots lives by insisting on use
of this highly inflammable COM
bination.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-03-02
. QUESTIONS
AND
ANSWERS .

IeIH man w
A-British magazine Flight
says probably $500 mph (V-2's
have been seen glowing dull red
indicating tremendous air fric-
tion).
Q-What are five chief air
craft manufacturing firms in
Japan?
A-Mitsubishi, Aichi, Kawan-
ishi, Nakajima, Sasebo.
Q-What is the science of
mandible orthopedics?
A-Surgery and correction Of
manned lower jaws.
Q-Over what size area is a
vi rocket projectile effective?
A-l000 square yards.
Q-What does the name Min
doro mean?
Alt is a contraction of tho
Spanish Nina de Orc, Mine OF
Gold. Magellan named it, but
no gold has been found there.
Q-What is orange oil-again
being imported from Italy-used
for?
Am ingredient in perfume
Q-Has France invaded any
nation Independently Of the
Allies?
A-General DeGaulle sent
French police to Andorra in the
Pyrenees in alarm over unrest
in Spain.
Q-How much fuel does the
German w use?
About 5000 pounds in five
minutes-enough to fuel a LID
orator carrying 2.h tons OF
bombs on a five-hour mission.
Q-What Is the population OF
Luzon?
A-Between 100000 and A.
100000 (total Philippine pop.
18,OO0,0O0).
Q-What is the weekly aver
age Of patents issued in the
United States?
A-Normally 800, but in 1914
only 500.
Q-What do the Tagalog, Visa
yam, and Mangyan natives OF
Mindoro in the Philippines use
for ukulele strings?
A-Human hair.
Q-Is oil produced In Eng
land?
A-26,O00, 900 gallons a year,
Up 400 per cent from prewar
level.
Q-What is a Reichsautobahn
in Germany?
"A four-lane super-high-
way.
Q-What Is a Jap Zeke So?
A fighter plane. 1t can
climb $500 feet a minute.
Q-What is the cost TO govern
ment of a psychiatric casualty?
A-S3O,OO0 average, estimates
DR.. George K. Pratt of Yale
Medical School.
Q-What is a Haligonian?
"A resident of Halifax,
Nova Scotia.
Q-What is a Jap Irving III?
"A night fighter; $50 mph
= Q-How is the seismic detec-
tor used to find oil?
A-Explosions are set off so
feet underground, and the
ground waves created rebound
from subterranean rocks, thus
giving biologists a picture of the
inner earth through reaction of
the instrument.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-03-02
. IN HOLLYWOOD

M-G-M, though. Her last picture
there, The Heavenly Body,
was the last straw, she said. I'VE
had so many different directors
l lost track. | walked through
the part. / didn't care. And when
they cut the film they got even
with me-they practically cut
me out Of the picture.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-03-02
LOAN-OUT DIDN'T PAN OUT

Then, she said, the studio lent
her to Warner Bros. for a role
opposite Paul Henreid in The
Conspirators." TO punish me, l
Evening star., 1945-07-24

brought new life with her rediscovery
of dancing in the antique Grecian
manner. She appeared in Russia
in 1907 and the effect of her visit
was dynamic. "The two conventions
met, the classical and the classic,
each at the highest point of its
development. Reacting one upon
the other, a new form emerged"
What will happen next is any
body's guess. The contributions Of
Michel Fokine, Serge Diaghilev,
Vaslav Nijinsky, Jacques Dalcroze,
Igor Stravinsky, Leon Bakst, Rudolph
Won Laban and other gifted men
have given strength to the ballet as
those of Pavlova, Tamara Karsavina,
Adeline Genee, Ruth st. Denis,
Fokina and other talented women
have given 1t infinite grace. Mere
repetition of their formulae, OF
course, will not be enough. Expert
ments in the direction Of the rad
ically bizarre have not been worth
their cost. The trend currently is
back toward the aesthetics Of
Noverre. The choreography Of the
popular ice shows Is symptomatic OF
the movement.
Evening star., 1945-07-24
Letters to The Star
inquiries About Older Soldiers
Who Had Own Businesses

To the Editor OF The Star:
What has been done for the veteran
who had to sell or close his business to
insure him getting his job back2 I
dare say, nothing.
Many good contracts and business
locations were given up which never
can be acquired again.
Now, with reconversion we'll under
way and the older man still In service,
his outlook for the future is not very
good.
Any clear thinking person will have
to admit that man 38 or over going
into business hasn't many years to in
sure his future.
Is 1t right to let the man that has
enjoyed a prosperous business and SAL
ary thus far through the war take ad-
vantage of the situation and acquire
good contracts and business locations
without considering the older service
men. Many veteran will return to
find all the good contracts and busi-
ness locations already taken.
am glad to serve my country during
time of war, but hasn't something been
left out OF the postwar planning for
the older veteran who had his own
business?
Are we going TO serve our time in
the Army and then wake up to find
ourselves trying to support our families
on dreams of what we might have had,
had we not been forgotten.
ONE OF THE FORGOTTEN.
Evening star., 1945-07-24
Secretary Vinson

Fred M. Vinson begins his service
as Secretary of the Treasury with
the best wishes and full confidence,
not only of his personal friends but
of the Nation as whole. At the
oath taking ceremony yesterday,
Henry A. Morgenthau, the retiring
Secretary, said that if he had had to
choose his own successor. this is the
man he would have picked. Mr..
Morgenthau's words may be re-
garded as more than polite pleas
antry spoken gracefully to fit the
occasion. AS a member of Congress,
Mr.. Vinson was an outstanding ex-
pert on tax matters, and later, after
he had served on the United States
Court of Appeals for the District, he
added further to his already-rich
experience by assuming, in turn, the
direction of the Office of Economic
Sterilization. the Federal loan
agencies and the Office of War Mo-
bilization and Reconversion. Mr..
Morgenthau knows good and valu-
able public servant when he sees
one, and so do the American people.
The new Secretary is admirably
equipped to discharge the heavy and
vastly important responsibilities
that are now his. Every success to
him!
Evening star., 1945-07-24
A Changed World
From the Manchester guardian

- sN"~ ~~~AA~Hee"eE GuaEufan.
To many Europeans San Franc,sco
must seem remote and, In some strsras
way, exotic. 1t stresses viyidlv tIs
change in world power. OF the Ave
great powers only one, France, is strjctlv
= european power, and France is per-
maps the weakest of the five. Britain
and Russia are both partly European
put Britain Is also an oceanic power and
Russia an Asiatic power. The renainino
Two, China and the United States. have
no direct connections with Europe at ali
II Will be noted that not only has
europe ceased to be the center Of the
world for the first time in history b,,t
tnat the dominance Of the white man.
no longer unquestioned. 1t is a great
advance in human thought that China
should at last be placed on equal footing
with the white" nations. But Britain,
Russia and the United States ali ren.
resent millions Of people whose skins
are yellow. brown, or black. The Pacific
Is now as important as the Atlantic, and
san Francisco, its greatest port. is a citv
OF mixed population where Chinese
Japanese, and Negroes throng the streets
to watch the delegates of Europe 90 bv
Again, the South American republic.
VIII form the largest block of votes In
the assembly and will exercise increas-
ing influence,
Evening star., 1945-07-24
Strange BedfeIIows

Even the hardest voters of New
York City, whose experience has
largely immunized them against
political surprise, must have gulped
a time or two when Tammany Hall
came forward with it's open and
unblushing Endorsement of Com
munist Benjamin J. Davis, jr., for
reelection to the City Council.
Mr.. Davis makes no bones about
his Communism A former editor of
the Daily Worker, the party organ,
he is Communist in theory and
practice, and, more important from
Tammany'S point of view, he is also
potent vote getter in the Harlem
wards. But if considerations Of
political expediency make it easy for
the Tammany bosses to swallow Mr..
Davis, Communism and all, their
decision is not SO palatable to some
of the Democratic leaders. For in
stance, Michael j. Kennedy, one of
the party's district leaders, accuses
Tammany of an attempt "to deliver
our party into the hands of the
Communists" and he adds that
"every decent element" in the county
organization will join in the fight
against the Davis Endorsement.
What all Of this may entail for
Evening star., 1945-07-24
On the Record
By Dorothy ThOmbson

national welfare; the Communists who
followed the party line. this is just
another imperialist war: trade-union
practices based on the theory that prog
ress consists Of less and worse work for
more and more pay-all these contribut-
ed to Frances weakness in 1939-40 and
still exist. as does French inability to
form strong government and to stabi-
lize the state finances.
Herriots remark some days ago that
France would do we'll to put some order
into the country. where people prefer
to make money on the black market
rather than go to work, is robust advice,
but there are few signs, at least in Paris,
that it will be taken.
Gen. De Gaulle, instead of concentrat-
ing on internal reconstruction, has been
encouraging French over compensation
for q feeling of inferiority with intense
nationalism and emphasis on imperial
interests and power.
But France Is q weak country, not a
strong one-weak biologically and the
more so due to war losses increased by
German prisons and concentration
camps. Counting all the peoples of the
African empire, Moroccans, Arabians,
Senegalese, ETC., as Frenchmen. doesn't
make them so.
In Germany where these troops are
being used again for occupation pur-
poses, many do not speak French. To
recreate France requires fundamental
social. political and financial reforms in
the framework OF an honest acceptance
OF reality, which are at odds with the
perennial French personal individualism
and national esocentricity. Sensible
Frenchmen who know this are tired of
repeated reference to ia grande nation"
and French "gloire." Therefore, though
the outer impression Of Paris is most
lovable and attractive, 1t gives one pause
to wonder whether nations ever learn by
experience and suffering.
And this is not only true Of France
All Europe should be taking sober
thought of It's future In a great-power
world, where Europe all together Is
hopelessly weak in her present atomized
condition. But Europe is momentarily
xenophobic as Is all the Near East.
Perhaps. out of the resistance move
ments, some all-European, political, SO
cial and economic program may grad
ually emerge.
But ut present, even Frenchmen hold =
ing identical ideas with Italians, hesi-
tate to reach out reconciling hand.
One must hope that all this Is tram
STORY rebound from the only iust-ended
European war-one must If one loves
France and Europe.
Evening star., 1945-07-24

would get into their eyes. They would
be unable to take of on their missions
and would suffer only burns and blisters
instead of blissful death for their EN-.
peror.
Skeptics of the value Of gas say that
it is the most costly way of killing
Japs, which Is the end aim of our
Pacific warfare. They hold that no gas
can be held In suficient density to
be worth while. They emphasize the
example Of carbon monoxide, which Is
most deadly when confined-ir a closed
garage, for example-but Is dissipated
in the outer atmosphere
But pro-gas groups remind the anti
gas adherents Of the Russian discov-
cry Of hundreds Of tons of a new and
more powerful and persistent gas that
the Germans had in storage. I am told
we now have its formula and can
produce 1t in quantity.
When we have been drawn to the
limit into total warfare. any ethical
qualns about the use of gas on
military target such as an airfield are
beside the mark If its use will stall
or limit the attack of the suicide planes
with which Japan hopes to smash our
naval vessels and troop transports on
invasion day.
(Nerth American Newspaper Allianee1
Evening star., 1945-07-24

the future of Tamnany Hall and
the Democratic party in New York
County is hardly an appropriate
subject for speculation on the part
of those who lack first-hand knowl-
edge of what is going on in the
party councils. But the Tammany-
Communist alliance does testify to
the utterly cynical character of the
deals which city machine politicians
are capable of making. A good many
years have passed, and an uncounted
number of shady political bargains
have flourished and died, since an
astute commentator observed that
politics makes strange bedfellows. !"
1t may be doubted, however, that
in all this time there has been
anything stranger than this mar
riage of convenience between the
Tammany Tiger and the Commun-
lists.
Evening star., 1945-07-24

PARASITIC French expression
The greater the change, the more
things remain as they were"-expresses
my chief impression of France.
To come finally to Paris after many
weeks spent in London, the: Near East,
Italy, Australia. and Germany gives one.
at first sight, a sense of pleasure and
release. Here at last again is beauty
and civilization. Here are not Londons
broken windows, neatly stacked piles of
rubble and air of weary shabbiness. Nor
does one see on more visible Partisan
faces the signs OF strain on Londoners'.
The shops, from the outside at least, are
more luxurious than London's. The
women look, as they always did, more
chic
And to come from Germany and italy
is to realize that, of the great metrop-
olises of continental Europe, only two
remain intact-Rome and Paris Thus
one clings to Paris as TO one Of the few
fragments left of European urbanity,
art and culture. One Is grateful with
almost painful poignancy for the Louvre,
the Tuileries, Notre Dame. Cluny, and
all the quais. places and allees, mansard
cornices and sculptures. Of this most
expansive and graceful OF cities, knowing
that Paris and Rome must henceforth
compensate for Florence and Vienna.
Budapest and Munich, Muenster and
Cologne.
But one feels there is something arti-
fetal and ephemeral about the astonish-
ing sameness of things this remarkable
similarity Is much deeper than outward
ways to 1889. Frances extraordinary
experience of war, abject defeat, occu-
patton, liberation and victory, all crowd
ed into six years, must and should. one
thinks, have effected fundamental re-
molding of the nation. 1t must, one
thinks, have done something to the
French soul And certainly time is going
to bring drastic changes. probably
through fierce internal struggle Few
think the coming winter will end in so
bland spring as the past one
Yet there is something petty and in
adequate about French politics. 1t is
certain that things cannot 60 on as they
are. The internal quarrels centering
on responsibility for defeat and the
faults OF former politicians would be
more meaningful II one didn't suspect
that much of the time the pot Is calling
the kettle black.
The causes of the French collapse in
1910 certainly cannot be laid at the
door of any social class The Specula-
tive spirit that led the well-to-do to
think of their own pockets ahead Of the
Evening star., 1945-07-24
The Political Mill
By GoaIf Liscols

President Truman's brief speech in
Berlin last week declaring that this
country does not want lone piece Of
territory or one thing of monetary
nature" out Of this war has brought
flood of interpretations" from MEM
bers of Congress and other Americans
They insisted that the President did
not mean the United States would re-
linquish Pacific island bases which have
been wrested by American forces from
Japan; that to retain possession Of
bases In the Pacific and elsewhere
could not be considered as land-grab-
bing. Probably these interpretations are
entirely correct.
Americans generally will understand
Mr.. Truman's remarks. He was reiter-
ating policy of this country which
has certainly been enunciated many
times since the boundaries OF conti-
mental United States extended from the
Atlantic to the Pacific and from the
Canadian border to Mexico. 1t may be
he also hoped to put the brakes on
demands other members of the United
Nations may make for territory.
How Mr.. Truman's statement will be
interpreted abroad, however, is another
matter. Foreigners may regard Uncle
Sam either as SNUG, self-righteous
individual or as a sap. They may adopt
the view that this country is again
going to hold the bag for the rest of
the world. II they do, they will be
mistaken. This country may not desire
large slices of territory, taken from
the Axis powers. But 1t does desire
other things out of this war beyond
peace. 1t will want Its full share Of
international commerce. 1t will want
share OF reparations which will be
demanded of Germany and Japan. 1t
certainly will demand such territory
as may be necessary for naval and
military bases to insure the country's
national defense in the future. 1t is
time this Government made Its position
clear on such matters. The American
people want peace. they want to aid
other peoples to recovery and pros
perity. They also want, however, to
look after their own interests.
The recent revelation of a reported
agreement on German reparations made
at Yalta by the late President Roose-
welt, Prime Minister Churchill and
Marshall Stain, contained In dis
patch OF Bert Andrews of the New York
Herald-TTibune, shows that this coun-
try is not unmindful OF reparations