davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-10-05
Bridgeport War Workers Face
Job Future with Confidence
BY VERNON EDWARDS
NEA Staff Correspondent

BRIDGEPORT, Conn. - The
working men and women of
Bridgeport would laugh if you
called them the problem chill
dren of America reconversion.
And now that the war plants
are closing down. they're too
busy getting new jobs to talk
about the new national prob
lem of unemployment.
But their story is important
today. For these one-time war
workers. many of whom came
here from sleepy towns hum
dreds of miles away, are typi-
cal of millions of Americans
who helped win the crucial bat
tie of production and now must
be modified for a high-seared
peacetime economy.
HARD TO TAKE
Bob Williams, 40, the father
Of three kids, helps tell that
story. Bob came here three years
ago from a New England town
which wasn't caught up In the
war boom. He got a job max
ing military precision instru-
ments and, what with overtime,
was good for about S65 a week.
The Williams family, which
had known hard times, was able
to catch its breath at last.
Though they were one of 1900
migrant families packed into
crowded rooming houses, Bob's
wages covered all looming liv-
ing costs and left something over
for war bond each month.
When the war ended, Bob was
one of the $4,000 Bridgeport
war workers to lose their Jobs.
He went down to apply for un-
employment compensation and
was offered new job - this
time at plant turning out civ
ilian goods.
There would be no overtime
in this new job, and at the end
of the week, Bob would have
only about SIS. The comedown
was a little hard to take.
But Bob Williams sat down
and figured that $35 was about
what he had been making be-
fore the war. He would take
the job for while and hang on
to his war bonds. In about six
months he would bring his fam
lily and his savings back to
that New England town-where
living is easier.
Bob Williams hopes that the
living costs which rose so high
during the war will level off
now. The lush days are gone,
but he figures to do all right.
Then there's Sam Watson. Be-
fore the war, he lived in Marina
Village, one of Bridgeport's slum
clearance projects. To live there
in those days, a family's earn
ings couldn't be higher than
about SIS a week, and most of
the time, this came from some
form of relief
NOT KICKING
With the war, Watson got a
job making vital electrical in
struments used on ships. His
wife who never had worked,
also got a job. And a daughter
who had been waitress on
and off was working steadily.
Marina Village became q War
Housing Project. Because he
was in war work, Watson was
allowed to stay on. That little
row of houses, once filled with
poverty, now echoed the boom.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-10-05

An Army Ordnance jeep and
trailer can be converted into an
ambulance which is capable of
carrying three litter patients,
two assistants and a driver. The
jeep ambulance may be ma
neuvered over all kinds Of ter
rain in combat areas.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-10-05

BY 1914, at least 80 per cent of
the families showed more than
one member working, and in
some cases, it was as high as
four.
Watson and his wife lost their
jobs on the same day. The
daughter by this time had work
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-10-05

Continuing disputes in the
Detroit. area include q work
stoppage involving $500 Hud-
son Motor Car Company en-
ployes.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-07
Outlook In The Pacific

II invasion OF Japan's home islands or the
Asiatic mainland, is needed to defeat the Jap
anese, the United States Army obviously pro-
most effective in Europe: To strike the enemy
at any given point with overpowering man.
power and overpowering firepower and to keep
on striking until he is knocked out. The great
success of the Third United States Army in
Europe is attributed by competent observers
lacking with superior forces and super. or
equipment and continuing the attack until the
enemy had no place to turn for succor or
escape.
With this view Of the needs in Japan, the
Army obviously considers the final stage of
the Pacific war a greater Undertaking than
the clos ng campaign against Germany, and
has no thought Of quick victory. Japan holds
more territory to be reconquered than did
Germany when its conquests were greatest
Japan has large armed force, and despite
the horrors of German prison camps the Jap
anese are stirred to higher pitch of fanati-
cism which will lead them to go on fighting
The Army CITES the fact that it required
two and one-half years to store up in England
the minimum forces, munitions and supplies
to warrant the invasion of Normandy The
Pacific war area is three times as far from
our home ports as England. Furthermore
England had harbors and docks and ware
houses all ready to receive American deliv-
cries, whereas the Pacific is virtually without
them.
With a harder war to win. with longer
supply line to operate and ports to establish,
the Army holds that we can look for the
victory in the Pacific only when we have
there the equivalent of a Seattle, a Portland,
a San Francisco and a Los Angeles. as we'll
or better stocked than were England's ports
for the trans-channel INVASION
Broadly, this is the summary Of discussions
at Rocky Mount on Sunday by representatives
Of the War Department and Fourth Service
Command. There is logic in the arguments
presented. At the same time it is not to be
forgotten that our Navy and Air Forces have
all but closed ring around Japan's islands
and conquests and that the substantial reduc-
ton in deliveries of supplies accomplished by
the blockade is cutting down Japan's ability
to wage combat on the scale that marked
that nations initial thrusts.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-07
Mills B. Lane

The Star-News learns with deep regret OF
the death OF Nils B. Lane at his home in
Savannah yesterday Although ill for a long
time, Mr.. Lane kept in close touch with the
South's multiple interests and expanding i'm
portance in national affairs. At eghty-four,
when the end came, he was still chairman
OF the board of the Citizens and Southern
National bank
The c. tizens and Southern operated a dozen
banks in Georgia and South Carolina, with
resources above $3.50, 900, 000 Up to 1925 when
he became board chairman, Mr. Lane had
been its president for twenty-three years.
He founded and was first president OF the
Georgia Bankers Association. During the sixty
four years of his business career he was iden-
t fled with many banking and financial insti-
tutions in the South.
Nor were his interests confined to the bank
ing business. He also was director and vice
president of the Savannah Sugar Ref ming
Company, director of the Ocean Steamship
Company, director of the Savannah Morning
News, director OF the Bibb Manufa cturing
Company, director of the Seaboard Air Line
Railway and the Savannah and Atlanta Rail
ways.
His leadership will be sorely missed.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-07
Small Economy

Reporters assigned to the Treasury Depart
ment in Washington have asked for a new
adding machine with more figures.
The old one only computed in millions.
To taxpayers with a national debt in the
billions, the cost of one new adding machine
is infintesmai. But we've got to start cutting
down somewhere, SO why not here?
Let the boys keep the old machine and add
the three ciphers for billions in pencil. That
will be OCCASIONALLY inaccurate, to be sure,
but it won't hurt to take the last three figures
in round numbers for while It'll be t me
enough to worry about expenditures and in
comes under thousand when we get the
public debt back into the millions.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-07

was known in the Senate was his sponsorship
Of legislation to prohibit loans to nations which
defaulted on their war debts.
johnson never hesitated to desert the Re-
publican party when he thought it was sup
porting the wrong man. In 1882 many promi-
nent Republicans sought to enlist Johnson's
support Of the candidacy for reelection of
President Hoover. But Johnson decided that
the country was entitled to a new administra.
ton, and he swung his support to Franklin
D. Roosevelt.
He refrained from more than casual en-
dorsement of the late President in 1886, how.
ever, and openly opposed him for third and
fourth terms.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-07
The Literary Guidepost

Jagged as instructors. Pupils &C.
cepted them as a matter of course.
A survey showed that undemo-
cratic attitudes often originated
in homes; that in school the ideal
Of democracy was stressed but
its failures minimized; and that
relevant instruction must be more
specific.
AS a result, adult education was
instituted on an extensive scale;
the working. of democracy was
studied in contemporary exam
pies; the contributions OF various
races to human progress were ex-
amined in history, literature, sci
ence and other classes.
The community and competent
outside observers, like Alland and
Wise, point to tangible results in
increased social consciousness and
diminished intolerance.
Chatto and Miss Halligan, di
rectors in the Spr' ngfeld schools,
sive an account in considerable
detail. Some of the program, as
they describe it, must be in use in
other cities. On the other hand,
some aspects might be more fully
treated; should Ike 10 know
something Of the nature of the
opposition, just how many Negroes
are employed and in what grades,
and so on.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-07
nv w. G. ROGERS

BY w. u. KOOEhS
The Story of the springfield
Plan," by Clarence I. Chatto and
Alice 1. Halligan Barnes &
Noble; S2.75); "The Springfield
Plan," by Alexander Alland and
James Waterman Wise Viking;
$50.
These two books about the So
called Springfield plan raced neck
and neck to this office to he review.
ed together. I hope there will be
more books on the subject; beyond
question this educational subject,
which has won the attention of
daily press, magazines and movies
is one Of the most promising demo-
cratic influences in the country.
For nearly a decade, School
Superintendent John Granrud, born
in Iowa of Norwegian ancestry, has
been working actively to eliminate
religious prejudice, erase color
lines and lay the foundation for a
true democratic spirit in the wes-
tern Massachusetts city.
Perhaps his most important
single step was to democra ize the
teaching stats. Formerly mem
bers of old American families
predominated; now men and Wom-
en- Of every race and religion,
Catholic, Jew, Negro, were en-.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-07
Da!'!ilyPrayer
FOR TEMPTED SERVICE MEN

In this new life OF war our sons
have gone out from sheltered
homes to confront new and strong
temptations. Have mercy upon
them, o au-sufficient Father; and
grant them Divine strength to re.
sist and to hold fast to tine highest
standards of manhood and religion.
May the uniforms they wear re.
mind them of honor's duty. May
all the service Of chaplains and
other helpers sustain them with
might in the inner man. May the
memory of homes and loved ones,
to whom their honor is dear, be
ever active to keep them free and
strong and chaste. May the very
Spirit of Jesus, who was tempted
in all points like as we are, be
their strength on every occasion Of
besetment. AS good soldiers Of
Christ, fighting under His banner,
may our boys in service win the
bitter battles of the soul. Deliver
them from the weakness Of loneli-
ness, in the consciousness that they
are constantly in our thoughts
and prayers and pride. This we
pray, in the name of the love we
bear them and in the faith that
we have in the Father-care OF the
aIl-enabling God. Amen.-WTE,
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-07
Veterans Unit To Be
Located In This City

Arrangements for the opening u
a local veterans unit 10 proVlos
ex-servicemen with genera mo
nation on all activities OF The VeF
Grams Administration were mace
here recently by Washlns'o"
representative of the Adm!nlSt'a'
lion, it was revealed yesterday
TIL official indicated that opera
tons would begin here as soon a.
suitable accommodations are )"
cured, and that the unit VIII con,
sist of contact Representative anu
stenographer.
Authority for this program wa
given by the Veterans AdInlnis.La
ton back in April when 1t auho.
rized the Veterans hospital a.
Fayetteville, as part Of geneia.
expansion program, to estaollSh
contact unit in Wilmington. =.
The local office would p.oSunI
information and assistance IN an
phases of the Administrator paO
gram, including compensate,
hospitalizatio, vocational trai""'
ard other services.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-07
JAP RED CROSS
MADE ADJUNCT
OF ARMED FORCE
BY BONNIE Wu.Fv

OK1NAWA -(P)- The Js,
Red Cross, claiming to I.
second largest in the world me IN.
disclosed as virtually an ad;, wa.
of Nippon's military macbiu., 1'es
documents discovered here IN
The partly destroved
found in the ruins Of \, p s.9'
building in the Okinawa cO orSlce
of Snuri, showed that wiz Spl ia.
outbreak of war the japanese vii, I'M
tary stepped in and took cb.n a4'
Even before the war. officiaIa 81. :;
Red Cross units had to have wiz "
tary approval. '''''''
An American Red Cross sr,
visor, Monroe Sweetland NJ po.
land, Ore, has the stack q, VIZ
terial. Translators are workin, l', a.
it for him. s IN
The salvaged papers decI.r,,
Japan's membership of 1000 am
was second only 10 the Unit ..a
States. A membership of looOa
was claimed on Okinawa ''''
Red Cross women got tremsr.
dous play in the unit magszire
Hakuai, which devoted man,
pages to pictures of their actir;,
ties as nurses on hospital shin,
in front-line hospitals and in raa, ~.
area convalescent wards, The n;n
lures showed them as trim vo n
women wearing snappy miutarS
uniforms with Red Crosses q,
their sleeves, steel helmets srobt
ly more becoming than the Amer;
can Army type, and gas masks
one of the military jobs Of tbs
Red Cross in wartime seems IN bs
to re-educate japanese womeu
along modern lines" sweetland
said. For example, lot of thiS
literature was devoted to enconr
aging the Japanese women to take
wartime factory jobs. Their dress
es, long and flowing, were M
recommended for wartime, the
magazine suggesting the japanese
women wear Stacks and do their
hair in neat knob on the backs
OF their heads rather than pling
it high. The latter, it was pointed
out, was likely to get caught in
whirling machinery"
One report in the salvaged ma.
terial told of the Sind annual
meeting of the japanese national
Red Cross held in May, 1914, in
Tokyo and attended by military
heads, who pointed out that we
are entering the long phase Of
this war"
Straight propaganda articles
cited similarity between the Ger.
man and Japanese races, and BIT.
ter cartoons criticized Churchill
and Roosevelt.
The paper shortage is reflected
in the shrinking of the japanese
Red Cross magazine from 40 well.
illustrated smooth pages to IS
sheets of undergrade paper.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-07
BY HELEN CAMP
Substituting for Kenneth

BURY. ST. EDMUNDs, Eng.
land - (P - Honington Airdrome
at this 364th Fighter base Used to
be one of the Eighth Air Force
busiest fighter bases. Now it is a
graveyard of unused equipment
and a commanding officers night
mare Of bored personnel.
Everything about it looks pur.
poseless and unexpectant, and ev-
eryone acts the same way.
The neat rows of chairs in the
ready room no longer catch tired
fighter pilots falling into them
from all angles. The map-covered
walls of the briefing room have
SNUG Observation-Disclosures look.
Winter flying suits and oxygen
masks hang unused in the lockers.
In the once-buzzing report room.
two or three CTS fool with some
files.
Around the field stand idle
trucks and tractors and planes,
and a lone mechanic thinkers with
bicycle. P-51's labelled Jersey
B,ouncer, Miss Mary" and BAT
tleaxe" are scattered haphazardly
along the flight Inc as though
carelessly tossed aside by small
boy tired of his toys.
The whole base is tired. Tired OF
waiting for the airdrome, a per-
manent Raj station, to be turned
back to the British, so they can
go home.
Something has gone with the
war, they say, not something they
would like to recall, but something
they have not been able to re-
place. The excitement has gone
and some OF the companionship too.
The men are individuals again, no
longer fighting as a unit and eat
ing and sleeping and living that
fighting. The only thing left is te
find something to do and-lf they
find it-another fight to find the
ambition to do it.
1t. James Rutland, Madison. Wis.
and 1t. Ray Roesch, Hollis, N. T..
tried to explain what it is they
miss most.
eve don't MISS it exactly" Ru-
land said. II can't explain it. We
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-07
With All Excitement Gone, Fighter
Pilots Lead Bored Life At Airbase

didn't have the bad part of the
war - mud and filth and seeing
guys wounded. You'd see planes
get it but there would be just a
puff o. smoke and that would be
all. The flying was like big
game
They still put in flying tine, of
course, but where they averaged
60 to 70 hours a MONTHS in COM
bat-they now fly 10 to IS. In IA
months once they shot down 455
enemy planes and damaged 2o2.
At first they amused themselves
by Jumping other squadrons for
groups dogfights. Then regulations
caught up with a loud and en-
phatic mo"
I'VE used to fly as high or as
low or as fast or as foolishly as
we wanted to-" they said. Nov
we must fly and fiddle"
Capt. Gerald w. Fine, Geauga
Lake, Ohio, is putt ng motorcycle
together. He does not know, wheth-
er he will be allowed to run it when
he is finished, but ne can always
take it apart and start over. Capt.
Eugene Murphy, of New York
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-07

City, and 1t. Wick Kenworthy of
Maryland's Eastern Shore. play
tennis. 1t Edward Anderson, San
Antonio, Tex, turns out flexible
glass plane models. 1t. Robert
Boydston, Niles, Mich. 1t Edward
Jones, Brooklyn, N. Y, and 1t.
James johnson, Seattle, Wash,
just sit and talk.
Three paddle Feet" or ground
officers - Capt. William Neafsey,
Glen Cove, N. Y, Capt. Bertel
Granskog. Elgin, Ill, Capt. Her
bert Blood, St. Louisiana COM
manding officer Col. Eugene P.
Roberts, Spokane, Wash, are
sweating out bridge tournament.
Some of the men already have
gone home, where they will prob
ably be kept as a reserve for the
Pacific, and most expect to leave
before November. But there will
be a holding party on the base for
a few months after that-and still
more inactivity.
IF we could just have combat
flying without war and people get
ting killed every day." pilots say,
that would be a good deal"
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-07
VANDENBERC ASKS
CLARIFICATI0N

WASHINGTON, Aug. IN -
Senator Vandenberg (R.-Mich.) de-
manded today that the Big Three
specifically guarantee the free &C.
cess of an uncensored American
Press into Poland and other
"blacked-out areas of Europe.
He asserted in statement that
what he called rhetorical refer.
ence in the Potsdam communique
by President Truman, Prime Min.
lister Attlee and Generalissimo Sta
lin to free elections and a free
press is not sufficient guaran.
tee.
With Mr.. Truman expected to
return to the White House soon
Vandenberg expressed hope that
the President will shortly give US
definite word that uncensored
American correspondence actually
have been admitted to Poland,
Romania,. Bulgaria, Hungary and
Finland.
These are the areas of mys.
terry, the Senator declared. They
are areas of violently conflicting
and often disturbing reports of
what goes on behind the blackout.
Many of these reports invite con-
illusions wholly contrary to the
complacent optimism of the com.
munique.
1t is not enough to say as the
communique did, Vandenberg said,
that the Big Three noted the Polish
Provisional government had
agreed to free elections and that
representatives of the Allied press
should enjoy full freedom before
and during the election. Neither,
he added, was it enough to say
that I'VE expect those Poles who
return home shall be accorded per.
sonal and property rights.
MANY Americans have deep
interest in this matter, he con-
tinued. MANY of them, as do l,
consider that American honor was
pledged, for example, to these
free elections in a free Poland.
''It is to be indispensable advan.
tage ct good international relations
that all doubt upon the subject
shall be removed. There is one
sure way to do it-namely, turn
on the light. The Big Three which
made these promises should guar.
antee their execution.
Vsndenberg's demand for clari-
fication of the comnuniuue follows
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-07
Editorial Comment
EUROPEANIZED ARCHITECTURE

Reports that the involuntary travels OF Gl.s
in Europe will influence future trends in Amer
lean domestic architecture are probably cor
rect No American youth who has eaten break
fast on a sunny Mediterranean balcony, or
who has enjoyed the sheltered privacy OF an
open-ar patio, is likely to be satisfied with the
traditional layout of the small house IN
this country. He will bring back with him a
taste for enjoying maximum OF sunshine
and he will almost surely demand that his Dill
of rights financed house be provided with gar
den walls to enclose his bit OF land, and make
It as livable as the house itself.
While the influence of European archltec-
t,re will not one fears, be more free OF ar
tistic errors than the influence when alreaoy
has led to illegitimate French chateaux ana
pseudo Elizabethan manor houses IN the
swankier suburbs, it probably will be general
ty good. There will, no doubt, be Dutch
cottages, French and Italian farmhouses, and
dazzling white copies of the houses OF Gran
and Ceuta. And if the neighbors don't like
them it will be just too bad. They will, in any
case represent an improvement.
Nothing that is typically European, not even
false, painted-in Sicilian widow, complete
with a lovely and eternally- smiling lady can
hope to compete in sheer lack of taste with the
typical American soap-box style, or with the
horrors of wooden gothc.-Charleston News
and Courier.