Evening star., 1945-07-31
United Nations Setup
Can Start 10 Function
In 1916, Conna||yS Says
BY JOSEPH H. BAIRD.

blueprinted at San Francisco and
ratified by the Senate Saturday
should be established and func-
tioning shortly after the end of this
year, Chairman Connally of the
Senate Foreign Relations Commit
tee predicted today.
Senator Connally, who was a
member of the American delegation
to the United Nations Conference,
also expressed the personal opinion
that Congress does not need to pass
legislation establishing the post Of
American delegate to the Security
Council and defining his duties. The
delegate, in his opinion, will be a
diplomatic representative of the
President, like any other ambassa-
dor, and subject to his orders.
President Truman already has
designated former Secretary Of
State Edward R. Stettinius for the
post.
However, Senator Connally said,
he has asked the State Department
to study the question in all its le-
galistic phases and submit a report.
Senator Connally said that in his
opinion the constitutional power to
direct the Nations foreign relations
resides in the President, and all
diplomatic appointees, such as the
delegate to the Security Council,
are his agents. For Congress to en-
dow the American representative
with authority separate from that
of the President, he added, would
be 10 tread on dangerous ground.
Vandenberg Opposes View.
The Texas Senator's opinion,
however, was not shared by Sen
ator Vandenberg, Republican, of
Michigan, who also was delegate
to the San Francisco Conference.
"A law of this kind" Senator VAN
denberg said, sis necessary to sat-
iSfactorily qualify the delegate, but
also think 1t was promised to
satisfy the Senate"
Senator Taft, Republican, Of
Ohio, agreed with Senator Vanden-
berg, saying:
1T was clearly understood in the
debate on the Charter that Con-
gresS would create the Office of del
egate, that his appointment would
be confirmed by the Senate and
that his duties and authority would
be carefully defined"
Senator Connally's stand, however,
was supported by Senator Lucas,
Democrat, of Illinois, who COM
mented:
II don't believe the Senate can lay
down any specific rules and regu-
lations to guide the power of the
member of the Security Council"
Seek to Avoid Second Debate.
Senator Connally and the Demo-
cratic leadership of the Senate, in
addition to doubling the necessity
of defining the American delegates
duties, also, are understood to be
anxious to avoid two heated con-
gressional debates, as they conf
IDENTIFY expect one will arise over
the allotment of American troops
for international police purposes.
AS soon as the United Nations
organization is established, the
military commission of the Secur-
Council must meet and draw up a
schedule of the troops to be sup
piled by the various nations which
will be subject to the Councils or
ders. It Is expected that fully rs
per cent of these will be furnished
by the United States, Great Britain
and Russia.
Under terms of the Charter, the
organization will be permanently es-
tablished when that document has
been ratified by the Big Five-the
United States, Great Britain, Rus
sia, China and France-and by a
majority of the other signatory
states. Senator Connally believes
this will be accomplished by the
early part of next year.
Legal Form in Doubt.
It is not yet clear, Senator Con-
nally said, whether legal action to
provide these troops will come in
the form of a multilateral treaty
which would be ratified by the SEN
ate alone or whether both houses
of Congress would be called upon to
pass joint resolution authorizing
the American contingent.
Whatever form the legislation
takes, the debate in the Senate last
week made it evident that some
Senators will seek to circumscribe
the use of these troops. Some leg
sslatorS hold that they should not
be employed without the specific
consent of Congress in each case,
while others would restrict their use
to defensive" purposes unless Con-
gress authorized their use to punish
an aggressor.
Meanwhile President Truman, in
9 message made public yesterday by
Clark M. Eichelberger, director Of
the American Association for the
United Nations, said that the Sem
ates ratification of the Charter by
an 89-to-2 vote "is not SO much an
end as a beginning" The people,
the President added, must now "see
to it that the Charter works insofar
\