davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-26
II.OOO.OOO .Nazis'
Casualties Listed

NEW YORK, April 25 QNS)-
A Moscow broadcast SAID today
that 100000 Germans had been
killed or captured on the Eastern
Front up 10 Jan. l OF this year,
and 100000 put out OF action
since then.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-26

Second 1t. Joseph ID. COons
Of 1895 Rademacher, "a Psi
Mustang pilot, comparing an
American grenade (lefD with
Jap grenade which he
picked up after he had helped
drive off a strong force OF
Japs attacking the bivouac
area OF the Seventh Fighter
Command base OH Two Jima.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-26
Capture HimmIer's Kin

WITH u, $. NINTH ARMY,
GERMANY, April - CUP)-
Heinrich HimmlerS brothcr-in-
law. Mai. Gen Mokott, has been
captured in the Harz Forest, il
was revealed today.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-26
Hangs Himself in Garage

Dc>pondent because Of illness.
James G Elliott, 81. Of 1881
Trinity. hanged himself IN the
garage in the rear Of his homo
late NcsinrtiaN.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-26
~: = ::- Us0 STAR GI Dress Designer
Edward Capsule,

Edward Capsule,
28-year-Old
discharged
Chicago air
corps veteran,
making a final
fitting Of an
evening dress he
designed while
taking an art
course under the
GI Bill of Rights.
The model is
Betty Bartt.
International Photo
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-12
Nuvv Takes Over Notions
Oil Refineries After Strikes

Service. Neither executive Is
known for his enlightened views
on labor relations and union Of
ficials felt that in such situa-
ton their wage and other de-
mands would be jeopardized.
Navy's labor relations policies
have been anything but liberal
during its operation of seized
shipyards, but CIO officials de-
clared Navy operation would be
preferable to that by Davies and
Frame.
Requesting the union mem
berS to return to work following
the seizure, OWIU President o.
A. Knight declared that when
Schwellenbach asked us to ac-
cept his proposal for arbitration
of our no cut in earnings de-
mand on the oil companies we
imediately accepted although the
settlement was distateful to our
membership. 1t was the oil in
dustry and not the union that
refused to settle the dispute
through arbitration"
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-12
Mayor. Union
Sued TO Kill
Contract

ANNAPOLIS, Md, Oct. z -
(LPA)-The right of the city of
Baltimore to enter into a collec-
tive bargaining agreement with
a union was challenged last
week by the state Court of APP
peals, At issue were questions
as to whether the city had the
authority to enter into a contract
which fixes wages, hours and
working conditions and provides
for dues checkoff.
The contract, which was sign
ed with the Municipal Chauf-
feurs, Helpers and Garage EN-
ployes' Union, was upheld in a
lower court. Decision by the
Court workers will undoubtedly
decide the continuation of at.
tempts by municipal workers in
other Maryland cities to obtain
recognition and collective bar
gaining rights.
Named co-defendant with the
union in the suit, brought by
two taxpayers, is the Mayor of
Baltimore.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-12
Full Employment
Group Attacks
Bills Opponent
Continued from Page 1

guarantees everybody out of
work the right to seek job II
he can find one.
The leaders of the House
group of lis members sponsor
ing the Full Employment Bill in
that chamber have already Serv-
ed notice that they will fight for
House passage of the original,
unamended bill, but it is expect
ed that they will be willing to
make some compromises in or
der to pick up the votes neces-
sary to pass the measure.
While according to Paul Sif-
ton, Washington director of the
Union for Democratic Action,
''the final vote is no measure of
sentiment for and against the
idea of insuring full employ
ment, these two basic policies
still stand: (a) that every Amer
lean wiling to work and seeking
work is entitled to an opportu-
nifty to full time, regular and
remunerative employment and
(b) the Federal government is
responsible for closing the gap
between private employment
and full employment"
Meanwhile, the first bill to
implement the general frame
work set up by the bill to in
sure full employment has been
put in the Senate hopper by Sen.
James E. Murray Cd. Mont.) 1T
is proposed" according to Muir
ray, "to aid in the stabilization
of construction by the advance
planning of public works and by
timing of public construction so
as to minimize the seasonal and
long-term fluctuations in the
total volume of new constrHc-
ton, maintenance, and reg ghir
work in the u. S."
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-12
Pr Debates Attract
.Cify-Wide Attention

their debate from where they
left off 10 days ago before the
North Toledo Improvement As
Sociation at the RiverView Park
shelter house on Tuesday eVe-
ming of this week.
Or. Jones was critical of the
plurality system which will sup
plant the PR system if the voters
SO decide. He insisted that thgy
system was not fair without 4 s
primary and showed the figures
from Detroit which seems to be
the illustration used by all PR
proponents, regardless what
point they are seeking to prove.
Mr.. Christensen said that the
system proposed was still better
than the PR system because all
the votes were counted instead
OF only one as under the PR
system and stated again that he
felt that if PR was repealed that
city council, exercising its right
under the city charter would
appoint a charter committee
which would determine how the
system should work.
Attended BY Glass
DR.. Jones class from the Uni-s,
versity of Toledo attended the
meeting equipped with note
books and pencils and took
copious notes. Only one of the
students asked question and
this was directed at Carl Christ
ensen by an aesthetic looking
young man with a high pitched
nervous voice.
Also attending the meeting
was Jack Flanagan, former To-
ledo Blade political reporter
who is visiting all meetings
seeking data with which to pub
licize the PR cause. Mr.. Flan-
nigan, formerly public relations
advisor to Ex-Governor John
Bricker now is engaged in pub
lie relations work for himself
in Columbus. He is reputedly
one of the highest paid publ
cists to ever be employed by any
special group in Toledo.
In an interview with the TOtS
LEDO UNION JOURNAL fol-
lowing the meeting, DR.. Jones
stated that he would give his
class an "a" for effort.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-12
Floor Lobbyists
SqueIehed

w AS HING TON (LPA)-
A strict keep out" notice has
been posted for former Con-
gressmen now plying a lucrative
trade as industry lobbyists on
the floor of the House and in the
Observation-Disclosures to which
is for House members, and for
mer Congressman, only. Ship
building interests, having
heavy stake in the fate Of the II
billion dollar merchant fleet,
sent their head persuader to
take advantage of his privilege
as a former member of Con-
gress and whisper with the rep
resentatives while debate was
going on. The deal being little
too raw, Speaker Rayburn has
put the kibosh on all such floor
or cloakroom buttonholing.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-12
Continued from Page 1

cepted by the union-for arbl-
tration of the dispute. The union,
spearheading the CLOS nation
wide campaign for wage raises,
had demanded a 30% pay hike.
When this was fatty rejected
the strike began and spread
them refused Labor Secretary
Schwellenbach's request - ac-
rapidly until one-third of the ma
tions total refinery production
was paralyzed.
In a last minute attempt to
avert total tieup or seizure
Schwellenbach summoned the
companies and the union to a
conference and proposed that the
workers return Immediately
with a 15To wage raise and with
the understanding that arbitra-
ton would be undertaken to de-
eide whether another $50
should be granted. The Oil
Workers promptly accepted the
plan, but it was summarily re-
ieced by ten of the IL firms.
Schwellenbach expressing him
self as disappointed, there
upon recommended government
seizure and President Truman
extended the IL firms to 26, pre-
sumably in the belief that the
additional Is were too intimate
ly interlocked to be separated.
Friction Is Averted
Operation of the companies
by PAW might easily have led
to continued friction. PAWS
number one man, Deputy Ad-
ministrator Ralph Davies, is
vice-president of Standard Oil
of California, while the number
two man, Director of PAWS Re-
filming Division, who would prob
ably be in direct charge of op-
Grating the seized plants, is A. P.
Frame, vice-president of Cities
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-12
Few Favor PR

Few Favor PR
Overwhelming Sc n i m e n
against PR was apparent with
only two of the audience of
nearly 100 persons speaking in
favor of retaining the PR sys-
tenn.
Bunny Zawodny of the PAC
I.chaired the meeting.
Attorney Carl Christensen and
DR.. o. Garfield Jones continued
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-12
Oil Workers
Return TO Jobs
Continued from Page ]

oWski, campaign manager of
Councilman Ollie Czelusta and
attorney w. T. S. O'Hara, candi-
date for city council brought
suit in Common Pleas Court to
secure an injunction restraining
the committee and city officials
from taking part in the rationing
program.
What political effects will de-
velop out of the action of the
two attorneys will not be known
until after the November 6 cleo
ton.
Union Acted First
Action on the part of the city
in setting up the gasoline ra-
tioning committee came as re-
suit of the union seeking to pre-
vent any dislocation in essential
services within the city. Indus
try also went along with the
plan until some advance infor-
nation reached them that the
government was going to take
over the refineries, at which
time they resigned bringing an
end to the committee.
Action on the part of the court
to grant an injunction was side
stepped when the court main
tanning that the committee no
longer existed dismissed the case
without judgment.
Union States Position
ron its side, the union now
says that it can never again be
a. party in an attempt to ease
any situation which might de-
velop as a result of any strike
which may take place in the fu-
ture in Toledo. The union, in
good faith attempted to main
tain essential services to protect
the health and safety of the peo.
pie of this city and its action
was termed ''unAmerican and
undemocratic" by those seeking
the court injunction.
Unrest and uneasiness hangs
over the oil refineries where the
returned workers are back fol-
lowing their unsuccessful at
tempt to secure the same take
home pay which they are now
receiving with basic 36 hour
week, the same as prevailed be-
fore the war. Efforts of the
United States labor department
to untangle the situation and
make some satisfa ctory wage
agreements for the workers are
being watched closely by Local
346 members.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-12

said that the increases elimin-
ated what he termed "the rae
ket bracket"
| Onnoses Utility Tax
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-12
Shoe Rofioninq
|. Still Needed

ASHIN GTON (LPA)-
Hoard your shoe coupons-the
promised end of shoe rationing
must be delayed, the OPA an
nounced here last week, until
production shows signs of catch
ing up with demand. The 49,
100000 pairs produced in Sep
tember were not nearly enough
to warrant lifting of controls by
October /, as had been rumored,
However, the promise still holds
good: as soon as production
speeds up, shoe rationing will
be ended.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-12
Reuther, ScoviIIe
Debate Wagner
Labor Act
Continued from Page

should not modify rattlesnake
with a skunk" The speaker also
expressed his opposition to the
B2H Act which would force
m p u sorry arbitration upon
both labor and industry, the
Burton Ball-Hatch Act has all
the iniquities of the Wagner
Act" he said.
In refuting the n d u tr y
speaker, Victor Reuther ironic-
ally stated America had no
problems before the Wagner Act.
Everything was peaceful. The
peace of the graveyard"
Gives Labor Charter
Referring to the Wagner Act,
the Detroit labor leader said that
the Wagner Act was not passed
to prevent strikes, but to give
labor a charter of rights as in
dividual citizens. The unions,
said Mr.. Reuther "are banded
together in voluntary and demo-
cratic organizations. Union have
established themselves by big
ger majorities than the admins
tration of our country"
Our problems cannot be
solved by juggling laws. Indus
trial strike is a disease of our
economic system caused by eco
nomic injustic e." said Mr.
Reuther. Today, the workers
are on the march again, 'and
when did we ever win anything
without a struggle?", he asked.
Discussing the unions, Mr..
Reuther said that seniority was
only won by struggle and that it
must be collective bargaining
versus collective begging if
workers were to make gains.
Heading For Tailspin
Turning to the unions demand
for a 80 per cent wage increase,
Mr.. Reuther said, 1--WE must in
crease the purchasing power of
the people by so per cent or we
head for economic collapse. We
are heading for an economic tail
spin which will make 1892 look
like pink tea
American industry can meet
the 80 per cent wage demands
and set aside more profits than
they did before the war, accord
ing to Mr.. Reuther. This he said
was due to the chronological ad-
vances during the war which
make greater production pos
sible at lower unit cost.
Suggests Commission
In order to facilitate better
labor-management relations, Mr..
Reuther advocated a two point
program: asA
1. Set up fact finding COM
mission composed of labor, man.
agement, farmer, consumer and
government representatives.
2. A more adequate concilia-
ton department for the United
States Labor Department to aid
labor and management at the
shop level.
Finally, Mr.. Reuther ex-
pressed himself in agreement
with Mr.. Schoville in his op-
position to the compulsory arbi-
tration which would be set up by
the Ball -Burton-Hatch Act.
A question and answer period
followed the debate with most
questions being directed at Mr..
Schoville. Each speaker gave
his own version of the answer
to all questions.
DR.. c. X. Searles, dean of the
College of Business Administra-
ton, University of Toledo was
moderator of the meeting and
introduced the speakers.
The next meeting of the To-
ledo Town Meeting will be held
at the YMCA, Monday, Oct. Is
when George j. Gould and Carl
j. Christensen will debate the
subject, Should we change our
PR system"
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-12
Mobile Women
Wont Jobs

ASHIN TON (LPA)-
Mobile, Ala. women want to
keep on working; in fact, most
of them have to, support them.
selves and/or others. A survey
in the Mobile area by the Labor
Dept. s. ows that 849o of the
$4,000 women polled want and
need postwar jobs.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-12
Burke Election
Campaign Opened
Continued from Page l

said that the increases elimin-
ated what he termed "the rae
ket bracket"
Opposes Utility Tax
Mr.. Burke expressed his op-
position to utility sales and pay
roll taxes which, he said, were
most severe on those lie st able
to bear them. He said he fa-
vored taxation based on ability
to pay.
Group representatives at the
meeting who endorsed Burke S
candidacy included Mrs. Irene
Cherry, Industrial Girls Activ-
tiles, YWCA; Mrs. Oliver STALL
baum, chairman, 3rd War d
Women's League for Repeal of
the PR; Attorney Carl Christen-
sen, chairman, Citizens Commit
tee for Repeal of the PR System;
Mrs. Marie Healey, Toledo Coun-
cilor's Clinic; Floyd Madrzykow-
ski, chairman, Labor Writers
Association; Ruth Elliott, War
Wives Club, and VIM. H. Logan,
Third Baptist Church Brother
hood
Announce Burke Dance
A dance sponsored by the
Burke for Council Committee
was announced for the Trianon
Ballroom Oct. 20. Tickets are
on sale in all shops and may be
obtained from members of the
PAC and Burke Committee.
Richard Gosser, UAW-CIO REL
gional director, managing the
Burke campaign, presided at the
meeting. Speakers included
James Crowley, International
representative, UAW-CIO; Mel
vim Schultz, president, Local II,
United Auto Workers; Attorney
Carl Christensen, and Ollie
Pecord, managing editor, To-
LEDO UNION JOURNAL.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-10-12
Continued on Page 2

England to what she termed tits
being foisted" upon the citizens
of Toledo She said that the
Toledo PR system originally
arose as classroom project in
the administrative government
class of DR.. o. Garfield Jones
at the University of Toledo and
stated that the petitions which
had placed the issue on the bal
lot were fraudulently obtained
by students of DR.. Jones class
who were given classroom
credits for doing the leg work.
Pointing out the weakness of
the PR system, Mrs Guitteau
said that it was marked by a
slow count which took five days
and cost the taxpayers too much
money; that the voter never
knows whether his vote is count
ed or not and that it may be
counted for someone whom
the citizens doesn't want in of
flee if all the choices are mark
ed; that a recount would be
practically impossible under the
system and that the PR system
was invented for purposes of
confusion to maintain control by
the minority.
Czelusta On Defensive
When the debate was COM
pleted and the floor thrown
open for questions, Councilman
Czelusta found himself on the
receiving end of some pointed
arguments. When asked by one
of the spectators whether he ran
for Council as an American or
as Polish citizen, Mr.. Czelusta
answered, both"
Several in the audience point
ed out to Mr.. Czelusta that he
was not elected just by the votes
of Polish citizens and reminded
him that he lived in neither the
4th or 14th wards, but was a
resident of the 18th from which
he received large part of his
vote.
One woman in the audience
said that she believed that can
didates for public office should
run on their own merits as
American citizens and not mere
ly because they were Polish or
members of some other minority
group. She said, II think its
about time for we Polish to get
over our inferiority complex.
Mr.. Czelusta had previously
stated that he thought the Polish
names of candidates was seri-
Gus obstacle to their election and
pointed out that Stanley GREE
zinski, an outstanding Polish
lawyer had failed to get the en-
dorsement of the Toledo Bar AS
sociation because of his Polish
name.
Few Favor PR
Overwhelming sen t i m n
against PR was apparent with
only two of the audience of
nearly 100 persons speaking in
favor of retaining the PR sys-
tenn.
Pirrn,y ZouuoJox, &c iIon DAT
The Omaha guide., 1945-11-17
NAACP HOLDS SESSION ON
VETERANS PROBLEMS

Washington. D.C.-A nation
wide attack on the problems of Ne
gro veterans was launched here
November $40 at a conference call
ed by the Veterans Bureau of the
NAACP. headed by Capt. Jesse o.
Dedmon. Jr.
Delegates meeting in Carver Hall
heard discussions of employment
education, loans, health and legal
aid and legislation. Discussion
leaders included representatives OF
the United States Employment Ser
vice. Selective Service, War Depart
ment. Veterans Administration, Fed
eral Public Housing Authority. De
partment Of Agriculture, National
Bar Association. National Medical
Association. Howard university. A
merican Council on Race Relations,
and the NAACP.
Walter White, NAACP secretary
welcomed the delegates and pledg-
ed that the Association would spare
no pains to see that the special
ed proper attention. Thurgood
Marshall chief counsel of the MA
ACP. stated that legal action would
be instituted where discrimination
could not be wiped out otherwise.
The Veterans Bureau of the NAACP
was set up last January l in the of
flee of the Associations Washing
ton Bureau here at 100 Massachu-
sets avenue, n. W., Capt. Dedmon,
who served in World War III with
the 366th Infantry at Fort Devens,
The Omaha guide., 1945-11-17
Industrial Labor Re lations..
(by George E. DeMar for CNS)

Non-white switchboard operators in the New
York Telephone Company no longer a novelty.
More than 100 are now in the employ of the comp
any and the company will hire more The girls
work together, walk together, talk together, and
eat together without the slightest bit of friction.
The tenseness management had that Monday
back in December 1914 has vanished The fear ex-
pressed and admittedly the greatest hurdle has
changed to confidence that everything will continue
to 60 well. Management regards its forward step
as IN keeping with social progress Surely though
slowly the entire staff is recognizing that Negro
women are American workers too. They see that
Negroes are just as capable just clean, just as
punctual, just as human and just as good workers
and friend any other kind Of person with post-
i've training and background.
You have to believe in the future Of America af-
ter talk with O. M. Taylor operating vice-presi-
dent of this company, which is billion dollar con-
employing 900 workers. He is undoubtedly
one Of Americas top flight progressive executives.
He does not seek publicity for his companys having
hired Negro operators. He says only that qualified
people will continue to be hired in accordace with
his companys policies. Looking to the future he
makes 1T clear that male workers will be hired where
and when needed with young veterans preferred
He will upgrade based upon ability and the needs
OF the company. There is evidence that he means
what he saws
When more OF the vast public utilities of Amer-
ca have the vision of men and women black and
white working together at interchangeable occupa-
tlons then we can say in fact that we are on the
march and "New Yorld is A-Coming"
Young people must keep in mind that high school
graduates desired by the utilities and that there
are advantages in working for stable organization
bouquet to the Urban League and the Presidents
Committee on Fair Employment Practices for the
real work they have done and will do for all Amer
leans
The Omaha guide., 1945-11-17
WORLD ORGANIZATION OF
COLORED PEOPLE GOAL OF
PAN-AFRICAN CONGRESS

MANCHESTER, England A
world organization of colored peo-
pies with a central paid secretar-
lat to beat back the organization
of lies w~ich meets the colored man
wherever and whenever he attempts
to better his condition" was defin-
ed as the principal aim of the fifth
Pan-African Congress at its closing
meeting here by DR.. W. E. B. Du-
Bois of America. newly elected
president and delegate from the Ma
tional Association for the Advance
ment of Colored People.
The 200 delegates cheered the
statement of policy by the Ameri-
can chairman who attacked the
"cracy idea Of the white people Of
Europe that they should run the
world forever"
There is not going to be any
need for force" said DR.. Dubois,
for the impact of truth and the
strength of ideas. when they get in
to the heads Of all human beings,
will solve our problem"
The Omaha guide., 1945-11-17
SAYS NAACP DELEGATE

LONDON Delegates to the Wor-
Id Youth Conference see one fact
outstanding above all others: how
sincerely will America cooperate
toward world unity and peace?
This view of the youth gathering
was voiced by Gloster Current, del
egate Of the National Association
for the Advancement of Colored
People in the United States. Cur
rent who lives in Detroit, Michi-
gan said:
This conference does not traffic
with Fascism. The strained faces
Of the youths many who though
still in their twenties have spent
wears in concentrat /, camps have
fought in the underground. ard
who know Fascism, make one know
that the future Of the world de-
Dends on how sincere we in Amer
lea are to cooperate with the rest OF
the world. Any guarantee that the
United Nations Organization Is 0
be effective must be built upon the
understanding we have with all
these people"
American troops in the area have
been interested in the proceedings
and have been glad to meet the A