Evening star., 1945-04-08
Small Nations to Press
For Oaks Plan Changes
Want More Power in Security Organization and
Right to Develop Regional Groups to
Prevent Outbreaks of War
By John NJ. HighfO,Cer,
Associated Press Diplomatic News Edito

lomatic News Editor.
international agency of which 1t was
not a member order its Army and
Navy into action. Many smaller coun-
tries feel the same way. Some would
like to limit the Security Council to
using the forces of powers which COM
pose it's memberships.
A compromise may be to have any
other countries whose forces are used
sit with the council temporarily.
Would Change Voting.
Also on this general question, there
have been proposals to alter the Security
Council voting procedure. AS it stands,
the voting formula would effectively
prevent the military resources of the
organization from being used against
great power, because each of the great
powers could veto any use of force.
D. Give the world court authority to
hear all sorts of international disputes.
not Just those involving international
law. One big question here is: Should
one nation.be able to drag another into
court? Also: How much force should
be behind the decisions OF the court?
The great powers could enforce a de-
cision against Ethiopia, for example, but
who would enforce one against Russia?
E. Give the economic and social
council authority to get things done. AS
designed at Dumbarton Oaks, it would
simply make studies and reports.
F. Enlarge the powers of the secre-
tary general, the man who would really
run the league. Some of the smaller
countries would like him to have strong
authority, and perhaps his own staff of
diplomats among the capitals Of men,
Der nations These nations also would
give him the power to bring before the
Security Council requests for action to
prevent or put down aggression.
Favored Regional Security.
AS for issue No. 2, the proposals for
regional security groups:
Perhaps the most spectacular such
plan came out of the recent Inter-
American Conference at Mexico City, in
which the United States itself par
ticipated.
That conference voted to put a re-
gional security system into effect i'm
mediately If one country attacks an
other in South or Central America to-
morrow, the United States and all other
hemisphere nations are pledged to send
forces Immediately to defend the victim
of aggression.
Many of the American countries would
maintain this system after the war
regardless of a general world organiza-
ton But the Dumbarton Oaks plan
provides that no regional organization
may use force except on order of the
World Security Council. Something will
have to give at San Francisco.
Fears German Comeback.
- France wants a broad provision for
force-backed regional arrangements be-
cause France fears German comeback.
To date France has pinned its real hope
of peace not so much on new league
Russia.
France holds unique position as
the San Francisco Conference ap-
proaches She has been promised a
great power place on the Security Coun-
Gil, yet is in no way committed to the
Dumbarton Oaks plan)
Proposals under issue No. 3, to make
the league more flexible, center around
the wishes of some countries to hold a
sort of international constitutional con-
vention every 10 or 25 years to allow
the organization to change with the
times.
Other countries would require also
that the five permanent members of the
Security Council stand for reelection
every 10 or Is years Thus, if one dropped
out of the big-five class, newcomer
could assume its rightful place by peace
full process.