davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14
The Charter Report

4 Few persons would have ventured
the prediction three months ago
that the United Nations Charter
would be approved by the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee with
out change and without a dissenting
vote. That this has now happened
is due, first, to the fact that the
Charter cannot be effectively at
tackled and, second, to the intelligent
manner in which this whole matter
has been handled.
After the task. of negotiating the
Charter had been concluded at San
Francisco, there were suggestions
that committee hearings be dis
penSed with and that the document
be referred directly to the Senate.
This could have been done, as the
Got vote in behalf of the Charter
in its original form indicates. But
the course followed was the wiser
one. During the hearings the OPP
.ponents were given full opportunity
ito be heard. Such arguments as
they could muster were brought to
bear against the Charter, with the
result that it is perfectly clear now,
If it was not evident before, that the
product of the San Francisco meet
ing, considered against the back
ground of the world as it is rather
than as we might wish it to be,
offers the best and probably the only
hope of maintaining peace among
the nations.
1t is on this basis that the Charter
will go before the Senate and it is on
this basis that it will be ratified by
AN overwhelming vote. When that
has been done, however, there must
be continuing and. unSparing en-
phasis on the fact that the Charter
in and of itself is no guarantee of
peace. This point has been made
time and again, but it cannot be
stressed too often. For most of us
will be tempted to drift along on the
basis Of the paper work which has
been done and to resist the constant
individual effort which the mainte-
nance of peace will demand.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14
Mr.. Copper at Eighty

Senator Arthur Capper of Kan
sas is eighty years old today, and
his birthday anniversary provides
an appropriate occasion for his
neighbors in Washington to express
their respect and affection for him.
He came to the Nations Capital
first as a newspaper correspondent
in 1892. The days of his residence
here since then have been many as
well as fruitful of benefit to the
whole American community.
AS publisher, as Governor of his
State and especially as a member
of the upper branch of the National
Legislature, Mr.. Capper has served
consistently the highest social
ideals, He has made duty of
friendship. And among those whom
he has sought to help have been
the inhabitants of the Federal City
who have no other home and who
for that reason are denied political
and fiscal equality with other
citizens.
Both as chairman of the Senate
District Committee between 1925
and 1888 and more recently as a
member of that committe and one
of the sponsors of the pending
Sumners-Capper joint resolution,
Mr.. Capper has insisted that Wash
ingtonians are entitled to repre-
sentation in Congress and the right
of local Self-government, "the same
as other American citizens and
communities" His advocacy has
been a distinct asset. 1t is, indeed,
an argument in itself because it is
a demonstration of his own sincere
/ conviction. The senior Senator
from Kansas has put his conscience
as well as his mind and his heart
into his efforts for the people of the
Capital of the Nation, and they
welcome this occasion for an ex-
preston of gratitude.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14
Hitler
From the London Times.


1t is too early to foretell the place that
Hitler will fill in the human record. He
will naturally be estimated by his ac-
tions and their consequences, a measure
vast enough; but the man himself must
remain, perhaps for years. in some de-
gree inscrutable. Since 1899 his part In
the shaping of events has been concealed
behind embattled fronts. A master of
propaganda, his speeches during the
war have betrayed no more of him than
he wanted to be known. 1t has been
difficult indeed at times to read his true
meaning into them, or even into his
silences. It is clear, however, that,
though he failed to conquer the world,
he has changed it profoundly. Napoleon
set the final seal upon an era of human
history. Hitler has no less certainly
brought its successor to close. The
liberalism and laissez-faire Of the 18th
century are gone beyond recall. So has
the policy of the balance Of power and
all that it entailed. He has compelled
mankind not indeed to think with him,
but to think again. But these remoter
consequences have still to unfold them
selves In their full force. For the mo-
ment it Is more than enough to know
that the world is rid of its worst and
most dangerous mslefactor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14
While These Thinqs Be

As long as there Is music In the sDorlc
And I cdH hear its past trdnscendert
stream,
As long as night Is radiance unturled,
And I still hare some quiet dreams
to dream,
While can match the hsron's home
t0nrd flight
And trace the flashing OF q gray calps
tDings,
While summer evenings spread an
orchid light
Upon the profles OF edrth,s toeary
things,
Though life's f,oio glad responsive lips
grow cold
TotUard me. though iope goes upon
its t0dy
To seek neir heart for d heart crotrn
old,
I think that SHAH not. mhiie thess
thinps stay,
Erer lose hold Of rapture, eDer cease
TO knotD q quiet joy, an inner peGcs.
PRUDENCE K. GEAREY.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14
BustiIIe Day

The significance of the annual
anniversary of the capture of the
Bastille by the Paris mob changes
from year to year. In 1943 it was
observed in mourning, in 1914 it was
celebrated with ardent hope for
complete liberation and in 1945 that
hope has been justified. The French
people once more are free. And
their redemption has been accom-
plished under conditions which are
provocative of deep and cogent
thought. Indeed, the whole mean
ing of liberty is brought forward for
new consideration, new study, new
comprehension as the result of the
experiences of the past half decade.
Without for moment failing to
appreciate what brave and loyal
French men and women did to de-
feat the NaziS, it is infeaSible to
overlook the fact that France again
is free not solely by reason of native
effort but rather because France is
a member of a world community to
which liberty is vitality important.
Bastille Day this year is symbol
of the future as we'll as of the distant
past. The French Revolution of
1889 was no accident. AS Wendell
Phillips said in Boston in 1852, such
developments grow" There was
direct connection between events in
Paris in the era of Robespierre and
Danton and events in Boston and
New York and Philadelphia in the
epoch of Washington and Jefferson.
And the American doctrine of self
government traces back to the ideas
which prevailed in England when
Cromwell was protector there and
again when William and Mary were
summoned to replace James II. In
deed, If the chain of circumstances
be examined, with care, it will be
found that the Magma Charta of
1915 is the starting point of all the
liberty known to modern men
wherever it now may prosper in this
earth.
BY inheritance, then, France to-
day and America and Britain and
all their progressive Allies today are
united in doctrine and in practice.
If the Charter written at San Fran
cisco is to do what it is intended to
do, it must expand the meaning of
BaStille Day just as it must expand
the meaning of the Fourth of July.
Mankind has been shown that there
must be freedom everywhere, If it is
to be secure anywhere under the sun.
Millions of people have died to that
end, been martyred to that purpose.
1t is the privilege as well as the duty
of France in common with her
neighborS near and far to strive that
the sacrifice be not in vain.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14
Weather and War

At time when too many of us
are prone to speak glibly of invad-
ing Japan as if the matter we're
simple, the story of the typhoon
that struck the Third Fleet last
month comes as a SOLDERING re-
minder that the violent whims of
weather can gravely upset the best
laid plans of war.
Fortunately, the Third Fleet lost
neither lives nor ships, but 81 YES
sells we're battered in varying
degrees, with the wind and waves
literally ripping off the bow of the
cruiser Pittsburgh. All except the
latter, which is still undergoing re-
pairs, are back in action now. but
the fact that so many of them were
knocked out temporarily-within
few moments. by one wild blow of
nature-should be enough to sug-
gest that the invasion of Japan
may prove anything but easy.
1t has been said by the highest
authorities that if General EiSen-
hover had scheduled the invasion
of Normandy to start two weeks
later than it did, our Allied forces
might have met with a catastrophe
in the teeth of the great gale that
blew then. Yet if weather off France
can be risky imponderable of
that sort, it can be considerably
more risky off Japan. For typhoons
are feature of the japanese cli-
mate, occurring with frequency
from June to October and reaching
their greatest violence in Septem-
Der. Nor are the serious storms
confined absolutely to that season;
there is no certain guarantee that
they will not happen in other
months.
Our Army and Navy, of course,
are fully equipped to predict
weather within the limits of human
capacity to do so. and we can be
confident that they will be most
careful and scientific when they
choose the time for invading Japan.
Yet, although it is highly unlikely
that an unreasonable typhoon will
greet us as it greeted Khublai Khan
in the thirteenth century, there is
bound to be certain amount of risk
taking with nature, no matter what
date Is fixed.
The Japanese are badly of, but
there is by no means any certainty
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14
The Public to Blame

To the Editor of The Star:
John o. Knott's recent letter regard
ing the lack of comment on The Stars
publication of Ciano's diary is extremely
interesting. But his observation need
not stop at Ciano 1t may be applied to
nearly every news story, to every re-
corded and published event. If we the
people actually were to comprehend
what is going ca, what reaction would
result!
AS an example: The wars now in
progress. If we understood and wanted
a war to end wars" the scene would
not be as it is today. Mothers, fathers
of servicemen or late servicemen all
would rise, would force the leaders OF
our Nation to make more than an effort
to secure a war-free world.
Slums, rackets, excess profits, poor
railway service, poor city transit facili-
ties-everything could be turned to the
public advantage should John Marina
duke Public have the initiative to get
up from his easy chair and take an &C
tive interest in himself. A. A. M.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14
WLB Strike Precedent

It has been said, and it is probably
true, that there is no precedent for
the War Labor Board decision to
cancel all contract rights of the
union representing the deliverymen
whose strike has tied up the major
New York newspapers since June 80.
A more important question, how
ever, is whether this decision is to
serve as a precedent for board &C
ton in other strikes of like charac-
ter.
There is no defense which can be
made for the conduct of the strik-
ing deliverymen in this instance.
Their controversy with the pub
fishers arises primarily from a
demand that the newspapers pay
sum equivalent to per cent of
the delivery payroll into a union
fund to be administered for the
benefit of it's members. The pub
fishers have expressed their will
ingneSS to submit the question to
the WLB, but the union refused to
take this course. Instead, when the
old contract expired on June 80, the
men struck, and they have re-
manned out in defiance of three
WLB orders that they return to
work, with the understanding that
the terms of the old contract be
extended and that any new benefits
be made retroactive. This was the
situation when the board, properly
refusing to entertain the union sug-
gestion that the Government take
over the newspapers, decided upon
the drastic step of canceling all of
the unions contract rights.
The effect of this is to strip the
strikers of the protection of the
Slosed-shop clause in the old con-
tract, and to permit the publishers,
in the words of board spokesman,
ito hire any one they want, nego-
tiate with any one they want and
deliver their newspapers in any way
they wish" Expressed another way,
this means that the publishers, so
far as the WLB is concerned, are
free to break the strike if they can
find the means of doing so.
Presumably this was as far as
the board felt that it could GO. since
it has never attempted land prob
ably could not invoke against
unions the Seizure" technique
which has been effective in dealing
with employer defiance. In the cir
cumstances it is the best, perhaps,
that the board could do. Neverthe-
less, this decision, if it is to serve
rs precedent, carries implications
which deserve the most thoughtful
consideration.
One employer, with the board
adopting a hands off" attitude,
might be able to break a strike.
Another employer, even with the
same moral support from the
board, might find himself unable
TO do so. And in any event the
policy is one which, If given gen.
eral application, could easily lead
TO state of utter chaos In indus
trial relations. There is need now
and there is going to be greater
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14
This Changing World
By Constantine Brovn

the Allies had agreed to this in the
first World War and their country
had been saved by the overthrow of
the Czarist regime in Russia.
The new regime of Premier Stain
had not changed the historical aims
of Russia and In 1889 when the rep
resentatives of Russia's border states
were summoned to Moscow, Turkeys
Foreign Minister Saracoglu received
strong hints from Moscow that Istan-
bull and its surrounding areas would
be much safer from aggression If they
we're defended by the Red armies.
Saracoglu is now Turkeys premier.
But in spite of the historical aims
of Russia to establish herself at both
ends of the Dardanelles, the Turks
refused to play into the hands of
Hitler and his cohorts. They now hope
that this refusal will be recognized
by the Allies as substantial contri-
button to their victory and, while Thlr-
key has no expansionist ambitions,
her government expects that the re-
ward for her contribution will be the
safeguarding of her territorial integ-
rity and sovereignty.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14

uTLtCt6o UB uyUotuUbU. Inc ocUCbHS
article Dill appear Monday.)
ROME (By Air Courier) "A friend
of mine In Belgrade, who felt the most
dangerous thing in the development OF
the new Yugoslayia was the way the
laws are written, used to say that some
of the statutes we're capable of such
shotgun" application that you could
step out onto the sidewalk, stop the
first man who came along, and legally
take possession of his shirt, or his life,
or both, before he could say "Jackitch
Robinsonoyitch.
I wrote this off at the time as
piece OF whimsy and still think it an
overstatement.
At his urging, however, looked up
one of the more important recent laws,
the one on illegal speculation and eco
nomic sabotage, which am told Is
fairly typical. / am not lawyer. But
merely looking at this thing from the
layman's or commonsense point of
view, 1 am driven to the conclusion
that it is a remarkable document.
Two things should be understood:
In the first place, this law Is decree
of the praesidium of the anti-Fascist
Council for National Liberation,
Communist dominated inner group
which has never run for election and
which today exercises all the chief leg
islative functions of the government.
In the second place, the interpreta-
ton of this law and others like it is
solely in the hands of so-called peo-
pies courts or commissions which are
Nf
domination.
Here, boiled down, are six of the IS
articles of the law on the prevention
of illegal speculation and economic
sabotage" Where direct quotation is
employed, it is from an English text
supplied by Tanjug, the official news
agency. While cannot vouch for the
accuracy of the translation, 1t seems
reasonable to suppose that Tanjug's
version is substantially correct.
Article l. Illegal speculation is first
defined in general as every economic
activity aiming at the exploitation of
extraordinary conditions brought about
by the war and the Fascist occupation,
and the accumulation of profits at the
expense of the national interest" Thir-
teen examples of acts which will be
especially punished as illegal specula-
ton are then listed. Typical of these
is an example involving the demand
ing of prices for goods in excess of
those which would assure the pro-
Queer, wholesaler or retailer profit
which, with regard to the place, the
time and all other circumstances, would
be considered exemplary AS though
things were not already sufficiently
vague, the 18th example casually con-
dennis call other cases similar to the
above stated"
Article 2. Here sabotage is similarly
delineated. The general definition of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14
Wants Pay for Hours Worked

Wants Pay for Hours Worked
To the Editor of The Star:
I wish to take exception to an implied
statement in your editorial Of July S
entitled New Work Week" In the
editorial you stated, In December, 1912,
4S hours became uniform, with the pas
sage of the war pay legislation"
The implication is that, as of that
date December, 1922, Federal Govern
ment employees went on 48-hour weekly
basis at additional pay. Whereas the
War and Navy Departments, and many
other Government agencies had been on
that basis since December, l94l, but
employees did not then nor later receive
extra pay for additional hours worked
at that time.
Now Gully, 1945) that Federal Gov
eminent employees are to receive true
time and-one-half for extra hours of
work Ito which they were entitled but
did not receive as of December, 194D
certain administration economists"
have seen to 1t that many employees
will not work the maximum hours of
overtime to which they have become
accustomed.
I believe the work week should be
shortened-but 1 also believe that Fed
eral Government employees should be
given back pay for those additional hours
of work which our Government justly
owes them.
HERMAN r. WIEGAND,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14
Letters to The Star
Old Foegy Bottom Bounded
For Newcomers Benefit

To the Editor of The Star:
Having lived in and about the Dis
trict of Columbia for more years than
that it is the tendency of The Star to
report local matters with meticulous
accuracy, offer the following in con-
nection with the important question:
Where Is Foggy Bottom?"
From the days when Marty Gallagher
was doing a bit of fisticuffs and now
since Bee Bee Washington has come
to the front, these two gentlemen of the
kindly art of boxing have been referred
to by the scribes who write the sports
columns of the local papers as resi-
dents of Foggy Bottom and of George
town, the implication being that Foggy
Bottom Is a part of Georgetown.
Here is the error and, indeed, 1t is a
grievous one, entirely out of harmony
with the facts Certainly, 1t should not
be allowed to become imbedded In the
cranial cavities of the hordes of war
workers who but recently have come to
our fair city.
including the lesser within the greater.
Starting at where Pennsylvania avenue
NV. crosses Rock Greek, then proceed
ing easterly along Pennsylvania avenue
to Twenty-third street NV. to Wash
ington Circle, thence southerly to the
point where Twenty-third street meets
the Potomac River, thence westerly and
northerly to where Rock Creek enters
the Potomac River, thence northerly
along Rock Creek to the place of be-
ginning. Foggy Bottom is within this
delimited area but no part of this de-
limited area is a part or section of
Georgetown. Hence it follows that
Foggy Bottom is not part of George
town.
The delimited area, including Foggy
Bottom, is all east of Rock Creek, the
eastern boundary of Georgetown.
ELMER TROTTER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14

need, to find some means of deal
ing with irresponsible and anti
social union practices. But the
strong probability is that the
remedy must come, not from leaving
the parties to disputes to fight 1t
out between themselves, but from
the carefully considered interview
ton of Congress, possibly through
some such medium as the legisla-
ton proposed by Senators Hatch,
Ball and Burton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14

Prince Bismarck, the principal
architect of imperial Germany,
shared with Thomas Jefferson an
antipathy for large towns. But he
went much further than the Sage
of Monticello in the expression of
his prejudice. "All great cities, being
mere hotbeds of anarchy and revolu-
ton, ought to be swept from the
earth" he said. How sardonic the
words seem now that most of the
cities of the Reich are rubble!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14
Tired
From the GLASGOW Herald.

One fact noticeable as the war has
progressed is the increasing tendency OF
holiday-makers to treat their escape
from the city as an occasion for re-
cuperation rather than recreation. The
zest with which in peaceful times holi-
day-makers consumed their energy was
evidence of<rude health which belied the
supposed need for fortnights change
of occupation But today all that the
week-ender asks is that he shall be left
alone to sit and sleep and hope that
there may be an egg for breakfast to-
morrow In the fullness Of time the
appetite for golf and other violent exer-
else will return, but for the present the
thought of week end OF idleness with
perhaps the greatly to-be-desired egg Is
all that ambition desires.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14

William Red" Hill, having gone
through the Niagara rapids in
barrel, now might show what he
can do with something really diff
flcult-say trying to buy a roll of
ordinary No. 100 photo film.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14
Perspective

From the st. Louis star-Times
"A good way to start on the day is by
standing on your head asserts ply
sician. At any rate, following this
advice would give one 3 correct per-
spective Of this topsy-turvy world.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14

If an inscription be wanted for
the barge at the Water Gate, per-
haps these words by Robert Brown
ing might meet the need: "Who
hears music, feels his solitude peo-
pied at once"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14
Long, LONG AGO

From the Memphis Commercial Appeal
Only these with very tenacious men,
DRY recall clearly how the argument
used to go over whether to buy q ney
Car or tires for the old one.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-14
Quotes Bible on Punishment

To the Editor of The Star:
I cannot agree with Harry Daniels
who wants all Germans punished" as
stated in his letter of June 10. 1t
seems to me that whatever we believe
in we must believe in justice. and to
punish the innocent with the guilty
would certainly not be just.
If all Japanese were such characters
as Kagawa, the great japanese Chris
tian, we would have had no war with
Japan. He probably is in prison in that
country.
In Genesis xviii we read: And Abra-
ham drew near, and said, Wilt thou
also destroy the righteous with the
wicked?
That be far from thee to do after
this manner, to STAY the righteous with
the wicked and that the righteous
should be as the wicked, that be far
from thee: Shall not the Judge of all
the earth do right?
And the Lord said, II I find in
Sodom fifty righteous within the city.
then I viii spare all the place for their
sakes.
And Abraham answered and said, Be-
hold now, have taken upon me to
speak unto the Lord, which am but
dust and ashes"
One of the greatest horrors of this
war is that the innocent have had to
suffer with the guilty. 1t is well that
an effort is being made to bring all
war criminals to trial. But how can
they ever be adequately punished for
such crimes as they are guilty of?
Vengeance is mine, will repay,
saith the Lord" H. B. BRADFORD.