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The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-06-05
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The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-06-05

BUY WAR BONDS TODAY
Evening star., 1945-08-17
Chang Plea Reported
Refused by Communists

CHUNGKING, Aug. II (P.-It was
reliably reported here today that
the Communist leader. Mao TIE
tung, had declined an invitation of
Generalissimo Chang Kai-shek to
come to Chungking to discuss a set
tlement of differences between the
Chungking government and the
Communists.
1t was understood that Maj. Gen.
Patrick j. Hurley, United States AM
bassador to China, at whose sugges-
ton Chang was reported to have
extended the invitation, would fly to
Yenan to urge, Gen. Mao to recon-
slider, and that If the Communist
leader changed his mind, Gen. Hur-
ley would accompany him back to
Chungking.
Chang and Gen. Hurley conferred
over lunch today, presumably with
this mission as one of the principal
topics.
Meanwhile, confidence mounted
here that the government forces
would successfully reoccupy Shang-
hal and Nanking before the Com
munists were able to seize control of
those vital ports.
Jap Acceptance Reported.
On the heels of reliable reports
that the Japanese commander in
China had sent word to Chang ac-
|
Evening star., 1945-08-17
Walsh Calls on Navy
For Pearl Harbor Files
ay the Associated Press.

Ry the Associated Press.
Chairman Walsh of the Senate
Naval Affairs Committee today
asked the Navy for the files on its
investigation of the Pearl Harbor
disaster.
With the war in Japan ended,
the explanation of military ex-
pediency, which Congress agreed to
be desirable while the war was in
progress, cannot be seriously urged
as reason for now keeping the mat
ter secret" he wrote Secretary of
the Navy Forrestal.
Senator Walsh's letter followed by
two days demand by Senator Fer
guson, Republican, of Michigan for
immediate court-martial trials of
Rear Admiral Husband E. Kimmel
and Maj. Gen. Walter Short, naval
and military commanders, respec-
lively, at the Hawaiian base when
the japanese attacked December 7,
1941.
Senator Ferguson is author of
legislation, approved by Congress,
extending the statute of limitations
In the case until six months after
the end of the war.
In addition to copies of the de-
partment's investigation files, Sena-
tor Walsh asked Secretary Forrestal
for his comments and recommends
tions regarding release of that in
formation to the public.
Both the Army and Navy boards
Of inquiry reported finding no basis
for court-martial. Gen. Short
and Admiral Kimmel have asked for
public trials.
Evening star., 1945-08-17
Ceuse-Fire Order
Is lsStrengthened
ByHirohito
BULLETIN.

MANILA (P.-Gen. MacAr-
thur announced at 2::45 am.
Saturday (Manila time) that
the japanese government had
notified him that its surren-
der emissaries had been Sc
lected and would leave by
plane Sunday for Manila.
BY the Associated rress.
MANILA, Aug. 17.-Gen. Mac
Arthur today curtly ordered the
japanese to comply without
further delay with his directive
to send emissaries to Manila.
The directive from this headquar-
ters is clear and explicit and is to be
complied with without further de-
lay the general said in message
to the Tokyo government.
The Allied supreme commander,
in previous messages, had not set
deadline for the departure of the
Japanese ENJOYS.
Tokyo, meanwhile, carried the
2a1S6A4Al6 ONSA viz "a pCdSS
conference into the second day.
The japanese wanted to know if
the emissary would be required to
sign surrender papers and Gen.
Macarthur replied no.
Imperial Rescript Issued.
The latest development in the
tangled long distance wireless ne
gotiations occurred after Emperor
Hirohito had strengthened his
"cease-fire" order with an imperial
rescript to the armed forces to lay
down their arms and had sent ur-
gent messages on number of
points. The rescript carries more
weight than the Emperor's previous
order.
Emperor Hirohito In the messages
to Gen. Macarthur asked: Cd
That the Russians halt their Man
churia offensive, ca Allied forces
refrain from approaching Japan
proper temporarily and 90 the ad-
ditional instructions regarding the
preliminary conference.
One of the messages to Gen. Mac
Arthur advised that imperial parties
carrying the cease-f1re rescript to
armed forces in China, Manchuria
and "the south" had left Tokyo.
The southern party left day early
to avoid possible delay by weather.
Japan said her planes inflicted
some damage in attacks on a dozen
Allied transports yesterday because
they approached extremely near
the coast of Kochi, Shikoku"
Manila Meeting Put Off.
These developments were the
latest to come out of negotiations
in which the japanese already have
made it necessary to put off the
Manila meeting, scheduled for to-
day, until at least some time next
week.
The messages, sent on the fire.
Evening star., 1945-08-17
Social Security Bureau
In Baltimore 10 Return
Ey the Associated Press.


BALTIMORE, Aug. 1.-THE So
cial Security Boards Old-Age and
Survivors Insurance Bureau, which
was crowded out of Washington into
Baltimore in June, 1912, will return
to the Capital as soon as the Social
Security Building there is available.
The bureau, by far the largest of
the boards three branches, in ad-
addition to the 1900 employees in
Baltimore, has 5000 in field Offices
throughout the country and about
1900 located in five area Offices in
New York, Philadelphia, Chicago,
New Orleans and San Francisco.
The bureau here is the only one
that was decentralized in comph-
ance with directive from President
Roosevelt, Bureau Director o. C..
Pogge said, but lack of facilities
made it necessary to set up the five
area offices. They have become so
successful, Mr.. Pogge stated, they
will not be recentralized when the
bureau returns to Washington.
The main task of the bureau is
to post the earnings of approx
mately 100000 persons to their
N1counts.
Evening star., 1945-08-17
0iher Shifts Expected
As Acheson Succeeds
Grew in State Post
New Undersecretory
Will Head Department
When Byrnes Is Abroad

Elevation OF Dean Acheson
from Assistant Secretary of State
to UnderSecretary, succeeding
Joseph C. Grew, was regarded
generally today as the forerun-
ner of further changes in top
positions in the State Depart
ment and the American diplo-
matte service.
President Truman announced Mr..
Crews resignation and appoint
ment of Mr.. Acheson to succeed
him in the top position under Sec
retary of State Byrnes late yester-
day.
This means that Mr.. Acheson,
52-year-old lawyer who entered the
State Department three years ago
as Assistant Secretary in charge of
economic affairs, will serve as Act
ing Secretary while Mr.. Byrnes at
tends the first meeting of the Big
Five Council of Foreign Ministers
to convene in London soon.
Appointment Held Significant.
He is expected to exercise i'm
portant influence in further reor-
ganization of the State Department
contemplated by Mr.. Byrnes. It
was regarded as significant that
Mr.. Acheson, not a career diplo-
mat, was chosen for the position of
Undersecretary which normally is
held by a career diplomat.
When MIR. Byrnes replaced Ed
ward r. Stettinius, jr., as Secretary
OF State just before the Potsdam
Conference he announced that he
was asking the Budget Bureau to
make study on which reorganiza-
tion of the department could be
based. 1t was uncertain whether he
would have time to work out further
changes before returning next
month from the London Foreign
Ministers meeting.
Mr.. Crews resignation had been
anticipated for some time. At 65,
he has seen Al years of Government
service.
Il feel that the proper time has
come to lay down the responsibility
of public Office" he wrote MIR. Tru-
Evening star., 1945-08-17
George Urges 4O-609d
Income Tax Cut Over
Three-Year Period
Relief for Business and
individuals Should Come
Soon, Senator Says
By the Associated Press.

VIENNA, Ca, Aug. 17.-Tax
relief should come soon for both
business and the individual, but
changes should not be made all
at once, Chairman George of the
Senate Finance Committee says.
The excess profits tax should be
repealed in 1916. but individual and
corporate income tax reduction
should be spread over possibly three
years, he said.
Senator George does not expect
any income tax reductions to be
effective until next year. However,
he said Congress should get to
work early on a new tax bill.
Business, as well as the indi-
vidual, should know this year what
to expect in the way of tax re-
duction in the immediate postwar
years." Senator George declared.
1850 Per Cent Cut Suggested.
Senator George said individual
income taxes might be reduced from
40 to so per cent in the different
brackets over a three-year period
starting next year.
His view is that the surtax should
be held at the current level for the
present and that 1t be gradually
(See TAXES. PAGE A-5)
Evening star., 1945-08-17
So Die, Hundreds Hurt
In Oslo Arms Explosion
BIZ the Associated press.

By the Associated Press.
OSLO, Aug. 17.-At least So per-
sons we're killed and hundreds of
others were injured today when a
German ammunition ship on an
Oslo quayside exploded.
The blast caused extensive damage
in the dock region and shook the
entire city. Windows in homes and
business establishments. were shat
tered In an area of more than a
square mile.
Blasted bodies still were being
recovered by midafternoon and civil
ian and military personnel were
treating scores Of injured civilians
In q wide area.
Many American and British mill
tary personnel were among the in
jured, the port commandant said.
Evening star., 1945-08-17

Col. johnson pointed out that
this is not an invitation to 60
hog wild in travel because, he said,
the rail transportation will continue
to be extremely difficult.
He said that sports were entitled
to early consideration in the easing
OF restrictions because of their
voluntary agreement" and certainly
the civilian morale and recreational
angles are to be considered"
Today's action removed restric-
tions on the shipment of racing and
show animals by railroad or other
common carrier.
Professional and collegiate sports
groups had reached voluntary agree
ments with the Government to limit
(See TRANSPORTATION, Pg. AS
Evening star., 1945-08-17
All Sports Travel Curbs End;
Way Cleared for World Series
Unlimited Racing and Football Schedules
Assured; District Will Get More Cabs

The Office of Defense Trans
portation today removed all re-
strictions on sports travel.
The action clears the way for un-
limited horse racing. the World
Series, l3 nonchampionship games
of the National Football League, the
Army Navy football game and all
postseason football games
In statement, Col. J. Monroe
johnson, ODT director, announced
"discontinuance of the voluntary
travel restrictions on major profess
sional sports, intercollegiate and
high school athletics and bowling" "
He added this precaution: Tenn
perance in the use of sports trans
portation is wise to avoid any re-
sumption of restrictions"
Evening star., 1945-08-17
Increased Supply Of Goods
To Follow Army Cutbocks

A vast Army cutback program on
buying today gave civilians hope of
increasing supplies in many con-
sumer goods and an end to freight
congestion on the Nations railroads.
In announcing this program at
press conference yesterday, Gen.
Brehon Somervell, chief of the
Army Service Forces, said the re-
duction in Army requirements, in
Guiding decrease of las, 900 900 tons
of coal buying during the next IL
months, should remove the threat
of a coal shortage.
Prompt issue was taken with this
statement by Abe Fortas, acting
solid fuels administrator, who said
that regardless of reduced Army
buying, the supply of anthracite for
heating homes in the East would
not be increased substantially.
Bituminous Shortage.
AS for bituminous coal, he said
the last estimate of the shortage was
100000 tons, including 5000 900
earmarked for shipment to Europe.
Pending new study, he refused to
say what effect the Army's plans
would have on bituminous supplies.
The Army announcement said re-
duced military buying would be re-
lected Immediately in many articles
for civilian consumption. Some
10000 jeeps, regarded as highly USE
full to farmers, will be thrown on the
civilian market Immediately.
In announcing the Army's coal
cutback. Gen. Somervell said that
since the Nations coal deficit had
been estimated at 25,000,000 tons,
that should leave 120,0O0,000 tons
above estimated minimum require
ments for civilian coal bins
AS an example of the flow of Army
goods that can be expected from
time to time, $121 600, 900 worth Of
property was declared surplus on
Wednesday. Much of it was in
tended for ordinary civilian con-
(See CIJTBACKS PAGE A-20
Evening star., 1945-08-17
New California Senator
Hopes to Come Here Soon
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
PARIS, Aug. 17.-Maj William F.
Knowland, appointed Senator to
succeed the late Hiram w. john
son of California, said today he
hoped to be in Washington when
Congress convenes on September 5.
He has not yet received official
word of his appointment from Gov.
Earl Warren, however.
The 37-year-old publisher of the
Oakland (Calif0 Tribune, who has
been In the Army for 81 years
seven months as a private-first
learned of his appointment when he
picked up yesterdays Stars and
Stripes.
Evening star., 1945-08-17
Jap Leader in China
Reported Demanding
Chang Cease Fire
Okomuro Says His Troops
Have Ceased HostiIities,
But Chinese Have Not
By the Associated Press.

Domei in a Tokyo broadcast
today said 1t. Gen. Yasuji Okla
mura, commander in chief of
japanese expeditionary forces in
China, had sent a note to Gen.
eralissimo Chang Kai-shek de-
manding that Chinese forces
observe thoroughly the cessa-
ton OF hostilities Immediately"
Meanwhile, a Chungking dis
patch said war zone commanders
of the Chinese Army today called
on japanese troops in their areas
to cease military activities immedi-
ately ana await further instructions.
Gen. Okamura declared his forces
already are in q state of cessation
of hostilities in strict observance Of
the imperial command" said the
broadcast, recorded by the Associ-
ated Press, but part OF the Chung
king Army still is continuing at
tacks on the Japanese"
s. He said the japanese may take
action for self-defense" unless these
stopped.
The Chinese attacks were being
made along the Tentsin -Pukow
Railway and Yangtze Valley in
North and Central China. Domei
quoted Gen. Okamura as saying,
while other units demanded to
disarm our forces"
Later a Domei broadcast recorded
by the FEC said the japanese COM
mander in North China had issued
communique declaring he had
ordered his forces to cease hostili-
ties this morning and had taken
necessary measures to have every
officer and man in the front line
thoroughly understand" the order.
Although the order to cease hos
tilities will be determinedly carried
out by various units, the japanese
forces, are, of course, prepared to
take action in self-defense should
the enemy carry out attacks the
communique said.
Evening star., 1945-08-17
German Rehabilitation Delayed
By Reds Silence on Prisoners

representatives have been able to
learn, Russia has released few, II
any, of the men it holds.
The supposition in oficial quar-
tiers here is that the Russians al
ready have put many of these pris-
oners to work in rebuilding Soviet
factories and cities devastated by
German invaders.
The Russians long ago made
known their intention Of utilizing
forced labor for reconstruction. It
was one of the major problems dis
cussed at Yalta by the late Presi-
dent Roosevelt, former Prime Min
(see FORCED LABOR Page AL
Evening star., 1945-08-17
Originator of Jap Suicide Flyers
Kills Himself in 'Atonement'
Admiral Onishi Leaves Apologies to Former
Members of Stoff and Bereoved Families

pines, took his life at his ofhcial
residence at am, Japanese time,
Thursday. and left this note:
ITO the spirits of members of the
Special Attack Corps: I express my
deep gratitude to you who have
fought so we'll. Ever convinced of
final victory you fell .gallantly as
human bullets. But that conviction
finally has not been fulfilled With
my death 1 desire to make atone
ment to the souls of my former
subordinates and to members of
their behaved families.
Il also have a message to young
men at large. II my death should
prove to be an admonition to you to
be cautious and endure all hard
ships, always aware that any ILL
advised conduct will invite disas-
Evening star., 1945-08-17
BY the Associated Press.

BY the ASS0clated Press.
Russia has refused to discuss the
fate of hundreds of thousands Of
German prisoners in her hands.
, Disclosed today by a high official,
this development of the Potsdam
Conference has disrupted attempts
to reach an Allied agreement for
the systematic return of captured
Germans to civilian life in all parts
Of Germany.
American occupation forces have
proceeded on schedule to screen and
release prisoners not held for war
crimes. Dut 20 far Is this country's
Evening star., 1945-08-17

quency designated by Gen. Mac
Arthur for official communications,
were listed as radiograms" three,
four and five"
Number five urgently requested
Gen. Macarthur to take proper
steps to bring about immediate
cessation of the Soviet offensive"
No immediate official condemna-
ton was forthcoming to the Japa-
nese radio report that japanese
planes attacked some IL Allied
transports" off Kochi, south-central
port city of Shikoku, apparently
(See STTRRENnER paoo
Evening star., 1945-08-17
Pefain Sentence Commuted
To Life Imprisonment
y the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
PARIS, Aug. 17.-Gen. De Gaulle
today commuted Marshal Petain's
death sentence to life Imprisonment.
The action consisted Of approving
q statement the court wrote into its
verdict which expressed the wish
that the execution not be carried out.
A jury Of the High Court of
Justice condemned the s9-year -old
head OF the Vichy regime to death
for betraying the state to the Ger
mans during the occupation.
The jury was composed OF IA
parliamentarians and II drawn
from resistance organizations.
Evening star., 1945-08-17
Meat Rationinq
End Soon,
Food Chief Says
Secretary Anderson
Thinks 1t May Come as
Early as Next Month
By OVID A. MARTIN,
Associated Press STAFF Writer.


Secretary of Agriculture An
derson said today he believes it
may be possible to terminate
meat rationing in the very near
future'-possiply as early as
September.
In an exclusive interview, the
Secretary stated that an examina-
ton OF supply and demand pros
poets as of today indicated that
supplies not needed for military and
other non-civilian requirements are
rising sharply
The war food administrator said
latest figures indicate that civilian
meat supplies for the October
December quarter will be at the
annual per capita rate of 145
pounds, compared with less than
l20 pounds so far this year.
Reflects Military Cutback.
The supply will be even greater,
he said, should there be an "exces-
sively heavy" run of cattle to market
this fall.
Improvement in the meat situa-
tlon, he said, reflects the cutback
in military needs, uncertainty as to
whether financial arrangements will
be made for sending large quantities
OF meat to war-liberated Europe and
a peace-hastened run of cattle to
market
Conferences among Government
food officials on the question of meat
ratloning were spurred today by re-
ports that cattle marketing has in
creased sharply since Japan asked
for peace
Agriculture Department livestock
officials said some action-such as
the lifting of rationing-may become
necessary to prevent possible "un-
loading" of cattle and other live
stock by producers fearing a sharp
price decline.
Fear Runs May Start.
Concerned lest producers start
runs which would surpass slaught-
erlng facilities, the department was
considering issuing a statement de-
signed to curb farmer fears of q
sharp break in values.
Termination of meat rationins, If
ordered by Secretary Anderson,
would be made in the lace of a state
ment by Reconversion Director John
w. Snyder on Wednesday, that de-
spite the end of the war and re-
duced military requirements, sup
plies OF meats, fats and oils and
sugar will continue short of demand
for at least II months.
Mr.. Snyder's statement assumed
that considerable quantities of meats
would be sent to Europe to feed the
hungry there.
But at the Agriculture Depart
ment II was pointed out that the
United Nations Relief and Rehabili-
tation Administration was without
funds to finance large purchases Of
meat for foreign relief and that Con-
gress had made no other financial
arrangements for foreign relief feed
ing.
Evening star., 1945-08-17
By the Associated Press.


NEW YORK, Aug. 17.rThe
Japanese Navy Ministry an
nounced today that Vice Admiral
Takijiro Onishi, vice chief of the
navy general staff, had COM
mitted suicide, leaving a note
which said he wanted to make
atonement to the souls of my
former subordinates and to
members of their bereaved fami-
lies," the Tokyo radio said.
Onishi was the originator of the
Kamikaze (suicide) Special Attack
Corps and since May 20 was COM
mander of the naval suicide forces.
The broadcast, recorded by the
Associated Press, said Onishi, for
mer commander in chief of Japa-
nese naval air forces in the Philip
Evening star., 1945-08-17
Japs Ask Macarthur
To Bring End 10 Red
Drive in Manchuria
Soviet Forces Demand
Foe Disorm, Surrender
By Noon on Monday
BY the Associated Press.

LONDON, Aug. 1.-THE Rus
slams, charging that the Japa-
nese had launched a widespread
counteroffensive in Manchuria
at the same time it's headquar-
ters asked Soviet troops to cease
hostilities, today gave the Japa-
nese until noon Monday to dis
arm and surrender.
The japanese government, in
a broadcast recorded in the
United States by FEC, urgently
requested Gen. Macarthur to-
day to take proper steps to bring
about immediate cessation Of the
Soviet offensive"
The broadcast said Japanese
troops were unable to cease hos
tilities because Russian troops
"are still positively carrying on
the offensive" The message did
not mention the Soviet charge
that the japanese were continu-
ing to fight
Marshal Alexander NJ Vassilevsky
said in broadcast order that "as
soon as the japanese troops begin
surrendering their arms. Soviet
troops will discontinue war opera
tions."
The Soviet marshal, the Moscow
radio report, also said the Japanese
did not mention word about
capitulation" in their request that
the Russians halt fighting
The japanese commander was
given the added time so that he
could communicate with all of his
troops
CThree hours after Marshal
Vassilevsky's message was ra-
diced to the Japanese, the Japa-
nese Domei agency in dispatch
recorded in America by the FEC,
said the Kwantung commander
would send "Small-type aircraft"
over the Manchurian front be-
tween 10 am. and 2 pm. ito
effect swift transmission of the
order to cease all military activ-
tiles and to surrender all arms"
Oater, however, a Kwantung
Army headquarters broadcast in
English recorded by the FEC, -
saii bad flying weather which
makes flying by low-speed air.
craft practically impossible" pre-
vented delivery of the written
order. The broadcast, which was
directed to the allies supreme
commander" said the order would
be delivered tomorrow between
10 am. and 2 p.mD
A Soviet communique said the
japanese counterattacks were made
at three points and were repulsed
with the Russian capture Of the key
communication cities of Wangching
Kiamusze and Taon.
The japanese attacks were re-
ported particularly strong against
the Korean port city of Seishin, cap
tured by Russian marines on Tues
day, and at Wangching where the
Russians said they swept into the
city in the face of heavy Japanese
fire.
The counterattacks were the first
they had encountered, the Russians
said, since they began their massive
armored drive into Manchuria a
week ago today.
The Russians reported also that
they were pushing closer to the
major Manchuria arsenal and COM
munications center of Harbin, with
the Amur River feet joining in the
battle against the Japanese along
the Sungari River Valley.