davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-09-17

matter to this Government whether
the conservatives, liberals or the labor
ties are at the helm of the British
government.
But there Is unquestionably grave
danger that radical change may &C.
cur in England if the present lament
able financial and economic situation
is allowed to persist. The administra-
ton of Prime Minister Attlee will be
on the ROCKS IN a short time if America
refuses to consider its plea for a sub
stantial loan to permit the British peo-
pie to get back to work and start to
trade with the outside world.
Administration leaders are not in fa-
vor of granting Britain billions for the
naturalization of her banks, railways
and mines. This, they say, can be done
internally oy giving the present owners
bonds, on which the interest could be
paid from the eventual profits of the
banks operation by the government
But the economic reconstruction of
Britain is regarded by our policy franz
ers as essential and they admit that
1t cannot be done in an orderly man.
ner without outside assistance There
is no other country in the world which
can profier that assistance to the Brit
ish. The European continent is COM
pletely bankrupt Russia. which pos
sesses an enormous potential wealth,
cannot come to Britains rescue at this
time because she herself is in bad shape
and will soon come to America for an
equally large loan-not in cash. but in
factory TOOLS railway and harbor equip
ment and other such items.
The matter of the loan to Britain is
looked upon By our policy trainers not
from the economic angle alone. but also
from the political angle. If Britain Is
engulfed by sweeping economic and
social crisis, and under that impact she
is compelled to change radically her
economic and social structure, we would
De left alone to face world of totali-
tarianiSm and national state socialism
which We have fought bitterly in the
past. The chances of survival of the
American economic and social system
then would be SCant. The taxpayers Of
this country already have spent close
to so billion dollars in providing our
Allies with the WhereWithal to fight the
Axis. If an additional three or four bll-
lions can maintain Britain as a world
power our policy trainers believe it is
worthwhile spending it, While there will
be no immediate payment OF interest
such a loan which in fact would be a
grant. might pay substantial dividends
in the future
Evening star., 1945-09-17

return to normal practice, now pre-
dicted by the oil men, is the imme-
diate application to commercial use
Of some of the processes learned
during war and the production of
better products at cheaper prices
under the incentive of free compe-
tition. Alvan Macauley, president of
the Automotive Council for War
Production. puts it this way: "We
are firm in our conviction that the
competitive traditions which are SO
characteristic of our industry have
been the chief source, not only of
the industry's phenomenal growth
but also of the strength that
it was able to summon for its ex-
traordinary tasks in the wartime
years just ended"
Evening star., 1945-09-17
Bradley Reorqunizes

General Bradley has drawn up an
impressive blueprint for the reor-
ganization of the Veterans Admin
istration. In many of its details
such as the setting up of a strong
new office dealing with medicine
and surgery-it is obviously a big
improvement over the old way of
doing things. but its greatest and
most promising feature has to do
with basic structure.
The Veterans Administration, as
it has operated up to now. has been
a highly centralized agency Nearly
everything-a vast volume of things
has had to be cleared through it
here in Washington. This probably
has been satisfactory enough for
carrying the load and variety of
work growing out of the First World
War, but that work has been multi
piled many times over by the war
just ended, and to attempt to funnel
most of it through a central point
would lead to bureaucratic ineffi-
cheney and unwieldiness of the worst
kind.
This can be better understood
when it is remembered, as General
Bradley points out, that the Vet
erans' Administration will now have
to handle a total load of some 20
100000 veterans as against only
100000 after 1918. To meet this
situation, the Bradley blueprint calls
for a sweeping decentralization un-
der which the country will be divided
into thirteen regions. each with its
own office These offices-structur
ally nearly the same as the main
Office in Washington-will be en-
powered, moreover, to act pretty
much on their. own, thus expediting
the clearance of such things as in
surance land pension claims and
streamlining and improving vet
erans' care in general by bringing
the administrative machine closer to
the veterans themselves
Evening star., 1945-09-17

The way to begin great experiment
in human relationships is to begin The
only method by which such experiments
can be conducted is the ancient and
sometimes painful method of trial and
error.
1t is. therefore, to be hoped that the
reports from London are true that the
American representative on the Council
of Foreign Ministers has asked that all
the Italian colonies be placed under
international trusteeship.
In some London dispatches. there is a
tendency to view this development as
bringing the Soviet Union into the Medi-
terranean and Red Sea areas, from
which it has long been a primary OBJ
ject of British policy to exclude Russian
influence. But actually there is little
reason for this assumption unless the
u. S. S. R. should be chosen as one of
the powers actually to administer one or
more of the italian colonies.
The u. S. S. r. will be, of course,
a member of the trusteeship council AS
such its representative will be among
those who will consider the periodic
reports of the administering powers, and
may consider petitions and provide for
visits of inspection. But decisions of
the trusteeship council are by majority
vote and it operates under the authority
of the general assembly. There is,
therefore, no way in which any single
member of the trusteeship council can
exercise any disproportionate control
over the councils actions
The terms of the trusteeShip for each
of the Italian colonies must, under the
United Nations Charter, "be agreed
upon by the states directly concerned"
This trusteeship agreement, which must
be approved by the general assembly,
will be in each case the fundamental
legal basis for the operation of the
trusteeship system.
* X X
Which are the states directly con-
cerned in the matter of the Italian
colonies?
First, of course, those states which
have territories directly adjacent to
the areas in question: Egypt, Ethiopia,
France, Great Britain and possibly
Saudi Arabia. Il do not here include
the Dodecanese Islands as an Italian
colony since they are in a special cate
CORY and are almost certain to be given
to Greece because of their predomi-
nantly Greek population)
Secondly, Italy is a state directly con-
cerned, or will be when peace treaty
has been made with her and she has
formally been readmitted into the fam
Evening star., 1945-09-17
Monsiqnor Ryan

very real power for good has
gone out of the world with the death
of Monsignor John Augustine Ryan.
He was one of the most notably in
f1uentlal clergyman of his genera
ton. The force of his mind and
spirit were limited to no single par
ish nor to any single branch of the
universal church. He had friends
and followers everywhere, and both
directly, through his own endeavors.
and indirectly, through those of the
considerable number of his contem-
poraries who agreed with him, he
left his mark upon the changing
times in which he lived.
DR.. Ryan never was merely lib
eral." A better word to apply to him
Is "libertarian," yet even that more
specific designation does not suffice.
He was more definitely social
philosopher, a social logician. His
contribution to mankind was an ap-
pllcation of the mathematics of rea-
son to human problems. To him two
plus two always meant four. He
objected to poverty because it is
contradiction of nature: he crusaded
against greed and intolerance be-
cause they are a mockery of the
Almighty Father of mankind; he la
bored for the Kingdom of God in
this earth because any lesser civil
ization is a denial Of the sacred of
fee he served.
Thus a compelling simplicity was
the foundation of DR.. Ryan's brave,
efficient and helpful life. He was
a firm believer in the Revelation
and his faith gave him the courage
he needed for the work he had to
do. His devotion to his calling made
1t possible for him to concentrate
his effort on those issues which
seemed to him most important. He
won recognition for his talents early
In his career, and his fame grew
as his opportunities for service
widened. When he reached the apex
of his usefulness he certainly was
unequaled in his field. Neither in
America nor in any foreign country
was there any priest who excelled
him as sociologist.
But DR.. Ryan's story is not told
adequately through such acknowl-
edgement of his major interest and
toll. He was a teacher, a pastor.
Evening star., 1945-09-17
Trial and Error
Bp Mai. Ge0ree FfeIdinp Eliot

Ftefdfng EHOf
lily of nations. 1t is possible that a
condition may be required by which
Italy will approve in advance the trus-
teeship agreements with regard to her
former colonies.
Third. it is just conceivable that
Turkey, because of her former suzerainty
in Libva, might set up claim to be
directly concerned" in the future of
that area.
The trusteeship agreement" the
Charter continues shall in each case
include the terms under which the
trust territory will be administered. and
designate the authority which will eX-
ercise the administration of the trust
territory. Such authority = may be
one or more states or the organization
itself" 1t is not clear whether the Amer
lean proposal contemplates the assump-
ton by the organization itself of the
administering authority in the italian
colonies, or whether one or more states
are to be designated to assume this re-
sponsibility.
1t would be possible. under the Char
ter, to divide the work.
1t would be possible to Set'up special
trusteeship authority to consist of the
four or five directly interested" powers,
or others. Or the administering author
ity for all the Italian colonies in Africa
could be vested in the trusteeship coun-
Gil itself, which could designate suitable
persons to act as administrators under
its authority and supervision. Merely to
set forth these various possibilities is to
indicate the complexity of the situation.
and to emphasize its experimental
nature.
Yet it is precisely in this field of re-
sponsibility that the Charter must meet
one of its greatest tests. The interests
of the inhabitants of these territories
are paramount" the signatories of the
Charter acknowledge in regard to all
nonself governing territories. Their
progress toward self-government and
free political institutions of their own
is accepted as a sacred trust
This is, of course, only another case
of enlightened self-interest as far as
the peoples of the great powers are
concerned. If war is to be banished
from the world it can be only by the
gradual extension of the frontiers of
freedom, by the constant increase and
development of free political institu-
tlons" by the eventual removal from the
old chessboard of diplomacy of all the
pawns with which the opening gambits
of the game of war used to be made.
(copyright, 1945.)
Evening star., 1945-09-17
Loss in Art

From the Manchester Guardian.
The cost of the war in dead and
wounded is gradually being computed.
Its cost in homes and factories, in dis
rupted transport. and in delayed, un-
fruitful harvests is not yet known or
even dreamed of. For time the tears
shed over burnt pictures. blistered and
SCARED frescoes, the rubble that remains
Of fine buildings will be shed mainly by
the tenants of ivory towers. Later,
when it is realized that everything else
destroyed by war Except the lives) can,
in time, be restored, the full meaning
of the tragedy may begin to dawn on
the losers
Evening star., 1945-09-17
international Trusteeships

The plan laid before the Council
of Foreign Ministers by the Ameri-
can delegation for the disposition
of 1taly'S colonial empire will, if
adopted, represent in practice a
novel departure in colonial govern
ment. even though the idea was
accepted in principle by the San
Francisco Conference and was pro-
vided for in the United Nations
Charter.
The concept is for the placing
of backward or dependent areas
deemed incapable of self govern
ment or independence under an
international trusteeship exercised
by the United Nations Organization.
The novel feature of the plan is that
this trusteeship should be carried
out collectively instead of being
delegated to single powers as was
the case with the Mandates of the
League of Nations. Precisely how
this collective governance would be
determined under the current plan
has not been disclosed, but the pre-
sumption is that it would include at
the very least the five great powers
who form the permanent members
of the UNO Council, and it is equally
possible that the council as such
would administer all truSteeshipS as
part of its duties.
Americas advocacy of this plan
came as big surprise, since it had
been. previously believed that Wash
ington favored letting Italy retain
at least nominal title to her colonies
under a form of UNO trusteeship
which would have followed the basic
pattern of the old League Mandates.
If such had been the original posi-
tion Of the American Government,
it was perhaps altered under pres
sure encountered from Soviet Rus
sia, Britain, and possibly France as
we'll Russia has, from the first, ad-
Vocated the Observation-Disclosures of
the Italian colonies, because it would
thereby obtain hand in the regula-
ton and control of territories on the
Mediterranean, the Red Sea and the
Indian Ocean, not to mention the
continent of Africa; though just why
Moscow is SO desirouS of extending
its influence SO far afield has not
been fully explained.
Britain has consistently objected
to 1taly'S retaining its colonies under
even a nominal guise, and though
London would probably have pre-
ferred to get them herself or have
them assigned to minor powers with
in her diplomatic orbit, such as Egypt,
Greece and Ethiopia, the interna-
tlonal trusteeship plan was preSum-
ably acceptable as an alternative.
France has claimed minor border
rectifications in Africa. In default
OF obtaining those. complete inter-
naturalization of the Italian colo
MES looked better to Paris than
seeing them pass under British con-
troll. The trusteeship idea thus
formed least common denominator
which appears to have won it the
councils recommendation and rem
ders its eventual acceptance prob
able, albeit in modified form.
1t should, of course, be understood
that the international trusteeship
plan, though at present designed for
application to the Italian colonies,
is general in scope and can logically
be extended to other cases, notably
to the disposition of Japan's colonial
empire in the Far East and the
Pacific. Further potential applica-
tions are the Turkish Straits, Pales-
tine, Cyprus, French Indo-China and
other areas which present diplomatic
problems
Evening star., 1945-09-17

counselor, an arbiter, a Judge of a
sort, a commentator, a critic, an
appreciator of beauty and truth,
above all a friend to struggling hu-
manity. So his most durable mon
ument will be in the hearts of all
classes of men and women. He
pointed road ahead for a multi
tude, and in the role of prophet and
pioneer gratefully will be remem-
bered.
Evening star., 1945-09-17
Humility and Debt to Britain

To the Editor OF The Star:
Americas peril from the atomic bomb
is real, deep and inward 1t is the peril
which immense power always brings
that of inducing the pride which comes
before fall
The antidote for this is simple humil-
ity. And simple humility best can be
attained by honest confesson, so good
for the soul of a man or a nation.
One thing we need confess without
delay: We did not "save the world"
in any unique sense. THE arsenal of
democracy" did do its part, and it's part
was large, and we'll done. Yet its part
was none too early and, but for Brit
aims year of superb solo struggle, would
have come all too late. Where would
Hitler's armies be today, if Britain.
finding herself deserted by all, had de-
cided she had fought the battles of
other peoples long enough? Again,
how much blood, suffering, and even
dollars-hundreds of billions of our own
dollars-would have been saved, had we
volunteered, as Britain did at the start
Of the war? Or even if, during the
epic Battle of Britain, we had decided
that it required far less courage to come
to the aid of a Britain fighting alone
than to be that Britain fighting alone?
There is plenty of humility for us in
all of that-plenty to keep our pride
of wealth and power from going to our
heads. God grant us this humility,
which alone can save us from our
selves! BOILING SOMERvILLE,
Evening star., 1945-09-17

Early American farmers sometimes
disinfected grain seeds by soaking
them in seawater. Today the result
would probably be the very latest
cereal.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-10-20
WOMAN tavern
OWNER HELD IN
MURDER COUNT

A 35-year-old proprietor Of bar
was held this week for investiga-
ton Of murder after she had re-
portedly shot and killed a patron
with a 38-caliber revolver in her
establishment at Tally Rand Grill,
1901 Eighteenth street, Saturday.
POLICE learned that James
Clark, %, of 1871 Timothy street;
Julius Jackson, %. of 1924 Eigh-
teenth street, and Clarence Hardin,
26, of 1864 Eighteenth street, had
gone into the bar. at which time
an argument arose between jack
son and Clark as to who was the
best man.
The argument continued until.
according to police, Mrs. Georgia
Bryan, IS, Of 218 Woodland street,
apparently became irate, drew q
gun and shot Clark In the left
chest. =.
Clark, taken 10 get aid at the
hospital, died a short time after
admittance. He was taken to get
aid by George Drew, %, of COTS
Beechwood; William Whouie, q,
Of 1927 Hubbard, and Julius jack
SON
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-10-20

Hammonds, 34l4 st. Aubin; Mrs
Mary Weaver, 1911 Mullett; Mrs.
Louise Matthews, 26ll Chene; Mrs.
Melvin Dennard. 3409 Chene; Mrs.
Lorenzo Robinson, 2674 E. Vernon,
v. A. Bristol, l2il Joseph Campau;
Mrs. o. G.. Molbon, 2237 McDougall;
Mrs. Eta Berry, 1892 McDougall;
Miss Warnetta Patton, 2725 Sher-
man; and Mrs. William o. Terrell,
$3.50 McDougall.
Zone captains in Area 8 include
Mrs. Hazel Smith. GIT Hartford,
Mrs. Winifred Sanford, 84l0 Brush;
Mrs. Naomi Royal. 1853 Brush; EN-
ME Lee Mack. 5008 Brush; Nina
Garner, 1926 ST. Antoine; Mrs.
Chester Hedgman. 3040 Hastings.
Mrs. Mamie Washington. 63l Rose
dale: Wilma Johnson. Asa Z. Ferry:
Matte l.. McFall. 292 F.. Palmer;
Mrs. Bernice johnson. 58l0 John r =
Mrs. Percemeal McCurtis, 326
Henrie: Mrs. Luther K. Fits, 27l
Hendrie: Mrs. Sadie Mcdonald,
1912 John r.; Mrs. Mary Hurley.
280 Chandler; Mrs. Sue Colbert.
522 Marston; and Mrs. Ella Schafier,
1919 Robins
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-10-20
NAACP CHARTS.
YOUTH CONFAB
OCTOBER 1928

The National Organization of
N.A.AC.P." IL the topic of the ad-
dress by Mrs. Ruby Hurley, ma
tional NA.A.C.P. youth director,
which will open the Leadership
Training conference for city and
state organizations at the Central
Branch Y.W.C.A. Friday evening.
Oct. 20.
Speakers scheduled to speak to
the conference group are DR..
James McClendon. president Of the
Detroit NA.A.C.P. branch; Dr.
Fritz Redl, professor Of social
work, Wayne university; DR.. Mar
garet r. Smith, director OF stu
dent activities. Wayne university
and Miss Roberta MCGUIRE, city
N.AA.C.P. youth director.
The keynote address will be
made by Mrs. Jeanette w.
Brown. executive secretary OF
the National Council Of Negro
Women in Washington, ID. C.
THE CONFERENCE will last for
three days and will entertain dele
aates OF all races from the city and
state.
The Leadership conference has
been planned for the purpose Of
training leaders to work with
youth organizations and to inform
members Of the community Of the
| N.A.A.C.P. program.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-10-20

Atty. Elvin Wanxo. former
price attorney for the national
office of the OPA in Washing
ton. D. c.. Is now q law part
ner with the firm of Lewis.
Rowletts and Brown at 100
ST. Antoine. Ally. Wanxo
graduated cum lauds from
Amherst college and received
his law degree from the Uni
vsrsiiY of Michigan Law
school. He is a member of the
us. Supreme Court bar and
the Ohio bar. and is a member
of the National Lawyers guild.
Alpha Phi Alpha. Delta Sigma
Rho and the Masons.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-10-20
Negro Veterans
Seeking To Gain
National Charter

Launching its 1946 membership
drive, in the IL states in which 1t
operates, the National Council OF
Negro Veterans, Inc, is anticipat-
ing an increase in its membership
TO $4,000. The council year begins
Nov. II and many locals have in
dictated already that they will have
their entire l945 membership paid
up on that date. The national off,
GERS have been spending the great
err portion of their time and energy
in the last few months in an effort
to secure passage of S-305, bill
providing for the Incorporation Of
the organization by an act OF Con-
gress. The bill has been introduced
in the senate by Senator Capper Of
Kansas and has the backing OF the
liberal members of Congress.
The councils aims are to pub
licize and perpetuate the achieve
ments OF our heroes in the wars Of
the United States; to build a pa
triotic resistance to alien move
ments that would undermine our
loyalty: to safeguard our youth
from the influence of such move
ments; TO provide representation
before the veterans administration
and other agencies. state and ma
tional, charged with responsibility
of dispensing aid to veterans; to
promote the general welfare OF
their comrades. their widows and
orphans and keep alive the spirit
Of camradeship among themselves.
Veterans Of both World War !
and are eligible for membership
as members Of the armed forces,
provided when separated from the
services they do not receive dis
honorable discharges. For infor-
nation contact national command
er, 1925 Park avenue, Kansas City
/, Mo.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-10-20
Willie Gilbert
Combat Casualty
AtCan,p Butner

Pfc. Willie B. Gilbert. son of Mr..
and Mrs. Willie B. Gilbert, who
live at $40 Horton avenue, Detroit,
was one Of a group of combat
casualties to arrive at the ma
tons largest General and Conva-
lescent hospital at Camp Butner,
N. c.. for further treatment and
convalescence.
Pfc. Gilbert was with the tank
corps in England when he was
hospitalized. He had served IA
months in the European theatre Of
operations.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-10-20
Powell Speaker At
Coss High School

The dynamic Congressman A.
Clayton Powell, orator and scholar,
thinker and fighter, will address a
mammoth mass meeting at Cass
Technical high school, Sunday, Oct.
% at pm. His subject will be:
Where Do We Go from Here? The
public is invited. Snow F. Grigsby.
director OF the Research Bureau
for Negroes Postwar Economic
Security, sponsors. stated that there
will be no preliminaries as Con-
gresham Powell must catch a
plane at 5 pm. Everyone is urged
to be in their seats at 3 pm.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-10-20
Three Candidates
To Talk At YWCA

Richard Frsnkensteen. candidate
FOR mayor, and the Rev. Charles c.
Hill and Percy DOLL candidates for
the common council. will discuss
campaign issues with group OF
ministers and business men. Tues
day, Oct. %. In the gymnasium OF
The Lucy Thurman Branch YWCA,
665 z. Elizabeth. The discussion
Is scheduled for IL pm.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-10-20
GAME ENDS IN ROW

Joseph Johnson. 40, Of 2726 ST.
Antoine street, told police that he
was struck on the head with pipe
following an, argument over dice
game at 1923 Caroline street, last
Thursday. Police are holding Fred
Waters, SO, of the Caroline street
address for investigation Of the
alleged assault.