davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-08-30
Pittsburgh ghMoyor,
Here on One Bill,
| Talks on Another

Mayor Scully of Pittsburgh was
puzzled as he sat in the Senate
Finance Committee room yester-
day, waiting to take the witness
stand. He had come to Washing
ton prepared to give his views on
the full employment bill, for long
range prevention of depressions,
and was surprised that no one even
mentioned that bill. Instead, they
were talking about emergency un-
employment compensation.
Yet, his name was on the printed
list of Finance Committee wit
nesses. When he finally was called
he told the committee he had ex-
pected to discuss the other bill, but,
Since I'm here, 1 have some ideas
on this bill, too."
The full employment bill was
being debated in the Banking Com
mittee, just few doors away.
Evening star., 1945-08-30
KiIgore
Continued From First Page }

were Detroit, Chicago, Los Angeles
New York City, Buffalo, Newark and
Paterson, N. J.
Mr.. Snyder added his voice to
those who yesterday indorsed pro-
visions of the pending bill extending
unemployment compensation for the
first time to 100000 Federal en-
ployes. He called the past absence
OF such coverage "glaring gap" in
the unemployment insurance sys-
TENS.
More than 100000 of these
workers are in war agencies" he
said, including more than / 300 OOt
in the War and Navy Departments
and nearly 100000 in the emergency
agencies. Employment in the per-
manent agencies, on the other hand
is almost unchanged from prewal
levels"
Travel Pay Is Urged.
AS the committees went ahead
with its first piece of postwar emer.
gency legislation, they had before
them appeals from Federal employe
unions that discharged Government
workers also be included in the pro-
vision of Kilgore bill under which
the Treasury will pay the trans
portation expenses of discharged
industrial war workers, their fami-
lies and household effects, to a new
job.
Mr.. Snyder estimated the num-
Der OF unemployed would total g.
600 900 by the end of this year, and
may reach 100000 by early spring
as larger number of veterans are
released.
The Government has an obliga-
ton to help tide these persons over
the reconversion period, he said
because it has adopted the policy
OF stopping war contracts immedi-
ately, and OF demobilizing the
armed forces as rapidly as possible
Vandenberg Attacks Bill.
Senator Vandenberg, Republican
OF Michigan attacked the Kilgore
bill in its present form as mot max
ing sense" because the States in
which the bulk of the unemploy-
ment is occurring get the least Fed
eral assistance This is because
those industrial States already pay
the highest weekly benefits, and
the bill only proposes enough Fed
eral money to reach the s25 maxi
mum.
Mr.. Altmeyer replied that if Con-
gress feels that is unjust it can pro-
vide that the States later reimburse
the Federal Government for a part
of these advances. This could be
done, he said, through the control
which the Social Security law gives
the Federal Government over the
State Unemployment Compensation
Acts. This control was established
in 1885 by the imposition of a
Federal unemployment tax. States
get the benefit of that tax only
when their State laws are approved
by the Social Security Board.
Mr.. Altmeyer says the States
could not be forced to meet these
additional payments, or to broaden
the coverage of their laws to take
Evening star., 1945-08-30

had cracked Japanese code, for
Mr.. StimSon said the War Depart
ment received information on De-
cember 6 on what Japan's reply tc
American settlement overtures would
be and that the answer indicated an
immediate severance of diplomatic
relations.
Gen. Marshall did not receive word
OF this until the following morning
Then he messaged Gen. Short by
commercial radio saying the Jap
anese were presenting what amount
ed to an ultimatum at pm, EWT.
Message Delivered After Attack.
The message reached Honolulu %
minutes before the attack on Pearl
Harbor began, but it wasn't decoded
and delivered to the adjutant gen.
eral until hours and minutes
after the fighting started.
10. The Japanese began training
for the strike in July or August in
their home waters. They used six
carriers, two fast battleships. two
heavy cruisers. one light cruiser. q
destroyer division and some sub
marines
The task force assembled at Tan
kan Bay al Etorofu Island in North
Japan and sailed November 81 OF
%. taking northerly route south
OF the Aleutians with orders to de-
stroy even Japanese ships tina,
sighted the fleet.
1t turned south toward Oahu ano
launched some 300 of its approx
mately 424 planes from 800 to 25C
miles out.
II. The intelligence officer of the
Pacific Fleet declared later that had
American forces intercepted, he
thought they would have taken the
licking of their life" Fleet units at
Pearl Harbor, he said, would have
been unable to have brought the
enemy under gunfire because our
battleships were too slow and the
remainder of the force probably
would have suffered severe damage
If not defeat, because of the supe-
rior japanese air power. The Navy,
he added, could have mustered only
lS0 planes against the task force
The Navy Inquiry Board said the
attack on Pearl Harbor, under cir
cumstances then existing, was un.
preventable and that when it would
take place was unpredictable."
This Is what the reports had to
say about some top figures:
Gen. Marsha1-the Army board
said he failed to O. keep Gen. Short
fully advised OF the growing tense
ness Of the Japanese situation" (2)
to send additional instructions when
1t appeared Gen. Short had not
adequately alerted" his command
for war, 80 to get information to
Gen. Short on December and I
indicating an almost immediate
break with Japan and a. to de-
termine the readiness of the Ha-
waiian command despite the threat
of war.
Mr.. Stimson called the charges
entirely unjustified" and Mr.. Tru-
man backed him up.
Mr.. Hull-the Army board said
the former Secretary of State hand
ed the japanese what they regarded
as an ultimatum at time when the
Army and Navy wanted more time
TO prepare for war and had sug-
gested a three months truce in the
Pacific.
Mr.. Stimson defending Mr.. Hull
Evening star., 1945-08-30
Pearl Hurbor
Continued From First Page J

necessary to keep secret certain
sources from which the material ir
question was developed, the Chief
Executive said.
Sees No Cause for Action.
In making public yesterday the
two reports which had been with
held as top secret" pending the end
of the war, President Truman said
that if any of those involved wanted
trials, they would get full and fair
hearings.
The Army board found no further
cause for action, after criticizing
Gen. George c. Marshall chief of
staff, and two other officers. Secre-
tary Stimson. who along with Mr.
Truman came strongly to Gen. Mar
shall's defense, agreed.
On the Navy side, Secretary For
restal said he was not satisfied that
the evidence has gone to the point
OF exhaustion of all possible evil
dence," and that until there is
further inquiry I withhold decision
as to the institution of any pro-
ceedlng against any naval officer in
volved."
On Capitol Hill. Chairman Thomas
of the Senate Military Affairs Com
mittee, remained silent pending
talks with War Department officials
today but Senator Byrd, Democrat
of Virginia, and Representative May
Joined several Republican members
IN clamoring for military trial
. Asks open" Court Martial.
Senator Byrd demanded ar
"open court t-martial' for Gen. Short
and Admiral Kimmel He praised
the Pearl Harbor reports as in
formative. ably and fearlessly pre-
pared" but said they were not in
elusive of all facts as they were
prepared before the Japanese sur
render
In fact" SAID Senator Byrd, 81
am informed that two reports were
prepared, one marked secret and
one top secret The top secret
report has not been made public ,
The Navy report given to re-
porters was marked top secret"
but the Army report carried no
such label)
Senator Byrd said that the SIM
plest way would be for Gen. Short
and Admiral Kimmel to ask for q
court-martial. If this is not done
he said, then Congress should pass
a joint resolution directing an open
court-martial of these two officials
If this course is not followed, Sena-
tor Byrd recommended a congress
sional investigation.
II believe the American people
Evening star., 1945-08-30
35th Division Veterans
To Sail for Home Sept. s

LONDON, Aug. 80 lP,.-Men of
the S5tn Division, veterans of five
major campaigns, are to return to
the United States on the Queen
Mary which sails September from
Southampton for New York. Army
headquarters announced yesterday
In 10 months of combat, the 35th
Division served with five United
States armies and captured $4,000
Germans. Units of the 35th fought
through to reach the 10lst Airborne
Division surrounded at Bastogne in
the Ardennes last December. The
division originally was composed
OF National Guardsmen from Kan
sas. Nebraska and Missouri. Maj
Gen. Paul w. Baade, Fort Wayne,
Ind, is its commander.
Evening star., 1945-08-30

are entitled to these facts in full
detail and without prejudice or po-
litical partianship. I will do what
I can TO bring this about" he said
Walsh Not Satisfied.
Chairman Walsh of the Senate
Naval Affairs Committee indicated
he was not satisfied with the reports.
but said he was withholding COM
ment until his committee has re-
ceived complete files from the Navy
Department which will permit de-
tailed consideration of the entire
matter.
1t was understood that this COM
mittee, at the same time it decides
whether to press for courts martial.
will rule also on whether more of
the Pearl Harbor data should be
made public. The full story has not
yet been told, for the reports dealt
only with the findings and opinions
of the inquiry boards and omitted
most of the testimony on which the
reports were based.
! Mr.. Hull was drawn into the case
by the Army Board assertion that
he failed to notify the War Depart
ment after delivering to the Japa-
nese the document that touched
the button that started the war
lO-polnt counter proposal to their
peace suggestions that was delivered
on November 26 to japanese ennis
saries here.
Mr.. Hull withheld comment until
he had an opportunity to study the
report of both Army and Navy
Boards.
He said he then would make such
statement as may be called for"
! Gen. Gerow Also Criticized.
The Army board linkedsin its criti-
clSm of Gen. Marshall, 1t. Gen
Leonard T. Gerow, former chief OF
the War Department War Plans
Division, and Gen. Short
The Navy Board found Admiral
Harold R. Stark, former chief of
naval operations, culpable. and with
him. Admiral Ernest j. King, now
chief, and Secretary Forrestal
bracketed Admiral Kimmel.
Gen. Short and Admiral Kimmel
were relieved of their commands
Immediately after the Pearl Harbor
disaster. Admiral Stark has only
recently retired.
In his findings on the INQUIRY
Secretary Forrestal directed that
neither naval officer thereafter
should hold any position requiring
superior judgment
The Forrestal directive was not
dated. At the time of his recent
retirement. Admiral Stark was COM
mandlng the naval forces in Eu-
rope, and concurrently, the 18th
Fleet.
The inquiries were completed in
October.
Conscience Clear, Says Short.
In Dallas, Gen. Short issued a
statement declaring my conscience
is clear" Admiral Kimmel had no
immediate comment.
Neither report contained any
criticism of the late President
Roosevelt. The Army board quoted
testimony by Secretary Stimson
stating that the President ''had been
very careful to be sure that the
United States did nothing that
could be considered an overt act or
an act of war against the japanese. /"
Interestingly, a Stimson diarv in
troduced in the record, disclosed
that on November 25, President
Roosevelt had commented on the
possibility of sneak attack by the
japanese.
In demanding court-martial pro-
ceedings to get deeper into the case.
Mr.. May said in a radio broadcast
last night that he wouldn't stand
for ANY whitewash," adding that
Evening star., 1945-08-30
Eddo Ciono Reported
Expelled by Swiss

Special Dispatch TO The Star and Chicago
Daily News.
PARIS, Aug. 30.-Countess Edda
Ciano has been expelled from
Switzerland by decree of the Swiss
Federal Council, according to private
information just received here.
Edda. daughter of Benito Musso-
lini and widow of Count Galeazzo
Ciano, was taken to the Italian
border yesterday by Swiss police. 1t
is believed that she was delivered
into the hands of American occupa-
ton forces rather than her own
countrymen.
Evening star., 1945-08-30
Hospital Ship Docks
With Last Casually
In Europe Aboard
Ey the Associated Press.

Ey the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Aug. 3O.-The hos
pital ship Aleda E. Lutz. returning
735 service casualties from Europe
docked in New York today. the first
of seven ships arriving at two East
Coast ports with more than 1900
veterans.
Among those aboard was Pvt.
Michael F. McInerney, 38, of Brook
lyn, believed to have been the last
battle casualty in Europe.
Shrapnel struck his right leg dur
ing action near the Elber River in
Germany. where he served with the
5th Armored Division of the 46th
Armored Infantry, part Of the 9Th
Army
Also docking in New York were
the Milwau ukee, with COL troops and
the Abbott l.. Mills. with 10.
Newport News is expecting the
Dominican Victory with 1881 troops;
the Monterey, 1881; the Stephen
Crane, 16. and l Bland, with un un-
designated number of troops
Boston had no ships scheduled.
The list of ships and units aboard
At New York (aboard Milwaukee,
main part of Tooth General Hospital
and II casual officers. Aboard Alb
bott L. Mills miscellaneous troops.
At Newport News aboard Do
minlcan Victory units of the 91st
Infantry, elements of 1st Battalion
Headquarters and Headquarters
Company and A. B. c and D anti
tank. cannon and service companies
of 36lst Infantry. 1st Battalion
Headquarters Company and A, B
and C Companies OF, 363d Infantry
aboard Monterey elements of
719th Railroad Operating Battalion
and several hundred casuals.
(Aboard Stephen Crane undesig
mated units. aboard /. Bland un-
DESIGNATED units
Evening star., 1945-08-30
De GuuIIe Back in Puris

PARIS, Aug. 80 tP,.-Back from
the United States and Canada, Gen
Charles de Gaulle arrived at Orly
Airfield late today. Gen. de Gaulle
left Ottawa yesterday after a hur-
ried round of activities. ending with
reception by the French colony
Evening star., 1945-08-30
Troopship Docks at Seattle
With I 500 Pacific Veterans

SEATTLE, Aug. 80 lP-A troop
transport from the Pacific docked
here late yesterday, bringing 1909
American servicemen and women
home from the battle fronts. In
cluded were more than TOO i'll and
wounded.
Air forces gunners from the 73d
and 58th Wings on Saipan and
Tinlan, all veterans of the early
B-2s attacks on Japan and each
with at least IS aerial missions to
his credit, were in the party. They
were bound for nearby Fort Lewis
for discharge or furlough.
Evening star., 1945-08-30
Chinese Envoy Named

SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 80 tP.-
c. T. Feng, Chinese consul general
here, has been appointed Chinese
Ambassador to Mexico, his Office
announced Yesterday.
Evening star., 1945-08-30

necessary to keep secret certain
sources from which the material in
question was developed, the Chief
Executive said.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-05
The Marcel of
Jet Propulsion!

WM men in rockets soon be able bostreak
through the skies at 10o, 900 miles an
hour7 VIII the jet-propelled heEcoptsr
offer your family the safest, simplest,
pleasantest form Of travel yeti VIII even
your automobile engine soon run by this
amazing form Of cheap power2 Get the
new Readers Digest and read the aston
ishing role that jet propulsion may soon
play in your life. A fascinating. inform
ative article that puts you in the know.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-05
B-29 City of Detroit
Veteran of Jap Raids

B-29 BASE, GUAM, Sept 4
Participating in 40 missions the
Superfortress City Of Detroit
was one of the B-29S in the famed
Bombardment Group
of Col. Carl r. Stories Guam
based 3l4th Wing, which flew dur
ing the entire To-day, allout
assault by-the Twentfet+r-Rfr
Force preceding Japan's surrender.
The City of Detroit was main
stay in the attacks which the wing
made at a rate Of one every two
or three days-each a fight of
around 3,06e miles, which took
approximately IS hours.
During these 160 days the wing
bombed 96 targets on 81 missions
with 60,000.000 pounds Of bombs.
Missions included practically every
Imajor Japanese city Tokyo, Ma
Igeya. Osaka and Kobe became
familiar 10 the City Of Detroit
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-05
Coast Guard
Starts Cuts

affff1e processing Of Coast Guard
and Spar personnel for discharge
was begun today at the new sep
aration center in the Naval
Armory on +. jefferson. The
Coast Guard will reduce personnel
from 175,0O0 TO $4,000 within the
next year.
A total Of $4,000 men and
women are expected to be dis
charged at Detroit within the next
II months. according to II. Cmdr
J. p. Latimer, executive officer at
the center.
Seven separation centers on the
East Coast and three on the West
Coast have been established. Per
sonnel from Wisconsin, Minnesota
Michigan, Illinois, Indiana. Ohio
and the western parts Of New
York. Pennsylvania and West Vir-
ginia will be processed at Detroit
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-05

during low-level night incendiary
operations on Japanese home in
dustry and daylight precision and
incendiary attacks,
In support of the Okinawa in
vaSion the City of Detroit and
sister Superforts of the 314th
Wing bombed air fields on the
island of Kyushu 10 keep Jap
planes out of action, To cut
japanese war output the wings
SuperfortresSes bombed aircraft
plants, oil refineries, chemical fac
tories and a host of other in
dustries supplying the sinews Of
war
you have made a tremendous
contribution To our victory"
were the words used by Gen.
Carl Spaatz in commenting the
wing together with other units
OF the Twentieth Air Force for
their part in bringing the war
10 n close.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-05
Labor Day Toll
OF Autos zoo
p, International N,v, Service

Labor Days traffic death toll
IN the nation neared the 200 mark
today. Many others were injured
and fatalities from drowning cX-
ceeded 40 before the day was half
over.
Also tempering the holiday spirit
was wave of violent slayingS.
including four in the Cincinnati
area.
The Midwest and New York
were the scenes of most traffic
deaths. Incomplete reports showed
eight traffic fatalities in Indiana,
seven in Michigan, three in Ohio.
New York state alone listed 16
deaths.
The National Safety Council
predicted there would be at least
300 deaths during the three-day
holiday.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-05
States Quizzed
On JobIess Aid
Times Photo

WASHINGTON, Sept. 4 (INS)
The Senate finance committee
asked the as governors today
whethtr their state laws offer
snags to the Kilgore bill TO sup
plement state jobless Compensa-
tion with federal funds.
Queries to the states went out
after the committee was to d
that laws of 40 states require
deduction from a recipients COM
pensation of the amount he re-
ceives from any other source.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-05
Annapolis 100 Years Old

ANNAPOLIS, Md. Sept. 4
GNS)-The United States Naval
Academy will mark It's Tooth an
niVersary the week Of Oct. z.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-05
= DOOfiffle
FIierS Home

WASHINGTON, Sept. 4 (INS)
Three members of the Doolittle
band of fiers who bombed Tokyo
in 1912 arrived on American soil
today for the first time in Al
months.
1t. Chase Nielsen of HyTum,
Utah; 1t. Robert Hite of Earth,
Tex, and S/Sgt. Jacob de Shazer
of Salem, Ore, arrived in Wash
inCton aboard a C-54.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-05
Belsen Camp Head
Faces War Trial

NEW YORK, Sept 4 QNS)-
BBC reported today that Joseph
Kramer, ex-commandant Of Belsen
concentration camp, along with so
guards from that prison, wetild be
tried as war criminals Sept. IT.
Kramer and the guards were
charged jointly with mass mur-
der.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-05
Nanking PupPet
Hiding I'm Japan

CHUNGKING. Sept. 4 QNS)-
Chen King Po, acting president
of the puppet government of Nan
king, was reported today 10 have
gone into hiding in Japan with
eight of his colleagues.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-05
Also in this issue

MANS BESI FRIEND-a fascinating,
eart-warming collection Of true
stories Of the loyalty and intelligence
dogs have shown their noasters- See If
YOU can fathom the amazing instincts
they reveal.
YOU CAN WRITE PoETRY-aDd enjoy
IT. It's fun. easier than you think, and
the sheer joy of creation lifts you out
of cares and worries. Helen Hustled,
author. gives secrets OF writing that
may start you on fuller, happier life!
DEAIH OF a MAN-EATER. For weeks.
MAJOR Corbett tracked the tigress that
had slaughtered 64 natives. Suddenly
from only eight feet taway-be looked
straight into her facei For a true,
nerve e-tingling tale read this 14-page
condensation from the Majors excit-
ing book.
NON TO GET ALONG WITH RUSSIA.
Behind all the beautiful talk about our
Historic friendship" are we actually
following a policy that will lead TO
World War HIP William Hard lists
eight things we must DO now 10 bufld
lasting peace.
There are more than 80 articles II LISTING
interest collected from leading magazines
and current books, condensed 10 save
yoN time, IN the new issoe.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-05
Nude Artist Leaps
Off Roof 10 Death
Times Photo

LONDON. Sept. 4 GNSD-Lon-
don police investigated the death
OF Sonia Araquistain today after
the-beAatiftti- 4f,t Is -r1udc body
plunged so feet from the roof OF
a Bayswater apartment building.
The victim was the daughter OF
Don Luis AraquiStain. former
Spanish ambassador 10 Paris and
Berlin
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-05
Found Dead in Bed

SAGINAW, Sept. 4-Reinhold
Jugnich, Is. was found dead yes
terday in his shack home near
Swan Creek road.
Relatives found him dead in
bed. officers said, and indications
were that he died from natural
causes.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-05
a~z"'r~zn%s ~ School Time Calling Halt to Summer Fun

Miss Frances Parker of
1i1 +. Dawson feeding
three-mOnth-Old Nickie corn
on the cob. Nickie, a con-
noisseur of that delicacy,
refuses il unless it's cooked.
Times Phots
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-05
Cross for Eisenhower

NEW YORK, Sept 4 GNS)-
Gen. Eisenhower VIII 80 10 Brus-
sells today 10 receive the Grand
Cross OF the Order Of Leopold
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-05

The world at your door!
Phone Cherry 1900 TO order Tho
Detroit Times delivered daily
10 your home.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-05

You can order The Detroit
Times delivered to your home
EVERY DAY by phOning Cherry
1900.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
Mdher Named
IoCir(uit Court

Recorders Judge Thomas r
Maher was appointed Saturday by
Gov Kelly to fill Judge Dewitt
II. Merriam's post in circuit court.
Judge John d. Watts of the
common pleas bench will succeed
Judge Maher in recorders traffic
court.
George T. Cartwright, a Detroit
attorney, was appointed 10 the
post vacated by Judge Watts,
Cartwright. so, resides at 1882
Mettetal The appointments are
effective March /. the date Judge
Merriam retires 10 go 10 Arizona.
watts and Cartwright viii be
required 10 run in the fall cleo
tions 10 finish out uneXpired terms,
but Judge Maher will not have Ia
run until 1916.
in announcing the appoint
ments. the governor said
II have selected the best
qualified men for the jobs and
they will he an asset 10 the
courts of Wayne County"
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-28
No Maid at Your House?
She's Vacationing With Pay

10 their former work as house.
maids. cooks and laundreSses IS
that the state law guarantees
them the $50 weekly compensa-
tion unless they can be referred
to suitable work" at or about the
average base pay they received at
their old jobs.
There are plenty Of Jobs avail
able for the unemployed-scan
the daily want ad columns. The
categories are wide and the pay
offers are generous, contrasted to
prewar levels
But willie the women laid off
from war plants nlbhle Al the
Offers Hardly. and here's why.
It's a matter of human ma
ture," a 20, eminent official SAID
frankly Most OF them have
been working at pretty high
rate Of pay for the last two sr