davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-04-09
His Last Crime

In his letter to President RoOSe-
welt, General Eisenhower confirms
what Prime Minister Churchill and
others began suggesting some months
ago-namely. that there may never
be a clean-cut German capitulation
and that We day may come about
only by an Allied proclamation. Such
q proclamation would mean the end
of the war in Europe in the sense
that all effective, organized resist
ance had been smashed, but very
large number of troops would still
be needed to mop up Nazi guerrilla
bands General Eisenhower does not
rule out the possibility of sudden
collapse, but he thinks that the signs
to date indicate that there will be
shooting on a considerable scale as
long as ANY of the Hitler gang re-
tains semblance of political power"
In his opinion. however. if the gov
ernment of Germany or any group
that could take over control should
make national surrender, then all
armed bodies remaining in the field
would be "brigands or pirates" and
would lose the protection afforded
soldiers under the laws of war, and
all but the extreme fanatics among
them would therefore probably give
up. In any case, he makes clear that
the Allies are fully prepared to beat
the Nazis to the ground and wipe
them out to the last man if that is
the way they want it. Such sui
cidal policy may deprive the rest Of
the world of the pleasure and thrill
OF having hostilities cease neatly
and abruptly at a certain hour, as In
Evening star., 1945-04-09
Allied Push Into Holland
BY Maj. George Fielding Eliot

way linking Germany and the Western
Netherlands may have been closed.
similar and even more effective result
would pe obtained If airborne or other
Allied troops could reach the area
around the mouth of the Ems River,
prolonging the advance of our ground
troops northward from Meppen toward
Emden
Possibly both lines of advance-to-
ward the Zuider Zee via Zwolle and
toward Emden-will be pursued. This
would be the now well known "dou-
BILE claw" development. directed against
the German troops of field Marshal
Blaskowitz's Army Group H, which
forms the German garrison OF The
Netherlands
It looks very much as though these
troops are going to be cut off by the
Allied operations. The whole of The
Netherlands north of the Mas will
then become new pocket in the mill
tary sense, within which German
army group will be trapped and with
in which it must be reduced and de-
stroyed, Just as Field Marshal Modl's
Army Group B is being reduced and
destroyed within the Ruhr pocket"
or as the Russians destroyed another
German army group in EashPrussia.
But if Blaskowitz defends the Neither
lands as East Prussia was defended or
as Modl is defending the Ruhr, town by
town and strong point by strong point.
using foundations where they can help
him and giving way only when his men
are blasted from each position by sheer
weight of Shells bombs and superior
numbers. the destruction of his forces
may be achieved only at bitter cost to
the brave people of the Netherlands.
The brightest ray Of hope for these
gallant folk is that Blaskowitz is not in
great strength, and that by the use of
air-borne troops and possibly by am
phibious operations, his defensive posi-
tions may be broken up so that further
organized resistance will become I'M
possible. The Allied governments are
fully aware of the dreadful necessities
of the people of the Netherlands, as
indicated by a recent statement of
Britain's Deputy Prime Minister, Mr.
Attlee, who told the House of Commons:
I'VE regard the freeing of the Neither
lands as an essential operation which
cannot wait"
It may, therefore. be presumed that
measures are in hand to bring relief In
the form of food. clothing and medical
aid to liberated areas of the Neither
lands as fast as German troops are
cleared out.
tcopyrisht le4BD
Evening star., 1945-04-09
Admiral Suzuki

Admiral and Baron Kantaro Su-
zuki, called by Emperor Hirohito on
Thursday to form new cabinet, Is
professional naval officer who
admittedly is a thorough master OF
the art and the science OF war at
sea. He is seventy-seven years OF
age, and at least sixty of those years
have been spent in the study OF the
defense OF the imperial domain and
it's interests beyond the Rising Sun.
Born to his task, he was educated at
the Naval Academy and College at
Etajima. In the Sino-Japanese con-
flict of half a century ago, he gained
practical experience which later he
was to use effectively in the war with
Russia. Meanwhile, he served on the
staff of the Naval Affairs Bureau at
Tokyo. One of the first to appreciate
the submarine aspects of modern
techniques of attack, he was ap-
pointed principal Of the Naval Tor
pedo School Subsequently, he be-
came administrative head of the
whole Naval Academy establishment
His counsel also was employed in the
government as a vice minister for
navy problems. Eventually he was
named supreme war councillor and
chief of naval general staff. He
finally achieved the position of
Grand Chamberlain and Privy
Councillor.
But Admiral Suzuki did not attain
such high distinctions without oppo-
sition. His rise was resisted especially
by the Kokuryukai, or Black Dragon
Society led by the notorious "patri-
otic supergangster" Toyama. While
never daring to question the dogma
of the Yamato race as second to
none," he avoided aggressive express
sion of his adherence to 1t. The
result was that he was branded "a
moderate and invited to commit
hara-kiri. When he declined, a
group of young fanatics acting under
the orders of Toyama went to his
house on a night in February, 1896,
and wounded him severely. Four
of his colleagues-Premier Keisuke
Okada, Viscount Makota Saito, Lord
Keeper of the Privy Seal; Korekiyo
Takahashi, Finance Minister, and
General Jotaro Watanabe, Chief of
Military Education-were less fortu-
nate. Weakened before dawn in their
respective homes, they were called
out into their snow-covered gardens
and shot to death by enthusiasts"
who had been "irritated" by the
Liberals argument that: Nobody is
Evening star., 1945-04-09
Mines as Storage Places

A salt mine was natural place
for the Nazis to hide their gold re-
serve and stolen masterpieces of art.
Such caves have been used as places
of deposit for scores of centuries.
They are, in effect, made-to- order
equivalents of Fort Knox.
In Thuringia the principal salt
works are at Salzungen and Neu-
salza, but there are brine springs at
Heinrichshall and at many other
places and the whole territory is be-
Ieved to have a saline character
The Kaiseroda mine at Merkers is
one OF a chain of pits" in the
neighborhood of Hersfeld where
three rivers-the Gels, the Haun
and the Fulda-come together. A
Benedictine abbey, established in
1853 and maintained until burned by
the French in 1851, owed its pros
perity to the salt industry in large
part The town of Hersfeld proper
was fortified in the Middle Ages to
protect the headquarters of the
trade. Portions of the walls were
standing as late as 1886.
Scientists at the Smithsonian In
stitution expressed interest In the
story printed in The Star yesterday,
but they did not wish to hazard any
opinion concerning the condition of
the hidden paintings now "liber-
ated." Much would depend, they
declared. upon how long the can
vases were kept in the mine and
whether or not the humidity of the
mine were controlled. The priceless
documents which the Library of
Congress deposited at Fort Knox
during the emergency following the
attack upon Pearl Harbor, Deem
Der 7, l94l, it was remembered, had
to be treated" to prevent deteriora-
ton. On the other hand, there are
caves In certain localities well
known to the Smithsonian staff
which are approximately ideal for
the storage of treasures
Evening star., 1945-04-09
Problems of Peuce

1t is good tnat tne secretary Ol
State has chosen to discuss the out
look for peace against the back
ground of the difficulties which
have already arisen among the Al
lied powers and which are of Suf-
ficient Importance to have inspired
suggestions from responsible sources
that the San Francisco conference
be postponed.
Mr.. Stettinius, while not disposed
to belittle the seriousness of the
points of difference which have
arisen, does not share the view that
any useful purpose can be served
by postponing the day when the
nations must assemble to deal with
them. BY putting off the confer
ence we might be able to clear up
the present misunderstanding. But
by the time that is done we would
assuredly be faced by new problems
OF similar nature, and there is every
reason to suppose that Mr.. Stet-
tinius is right in saying that resort
to the process of postponement
could only mean that I'VE would
never have conference, or world
organization.'
In his address to the Council of
Foreign Relations, Mr. Stettinius
dealt with some of the current mat
ters concerning which the Anglo
American governments and the
Soviet government do not see eye
to eye. He made no effort to con-
ceal his disappointment that the
promised new Polish government
has not been set up. Mr. Stettinius
said that Poland should be repre-
sented at San Francisco, and he ex-
pressed confidence that the Crimea
agreement with respect to Poland
will be carried out. He did not give
any assurance, however, that this
will be done in time to permit the
seating of Polish delegates at the
conference. Some other problems,
such as the unilateral course Russia
has been following in Romania,
which has no direct bearing on the
San Francisco meeting, were not
discussed at all. Nevertheless, Mr..
Stettinius said enough to make his
point clear: The meeting at San
Francisco will not be an easy affair
and we must expect that, at best, it
will leave many vexatious problems
unsettled. The important thing is
to make a beginning, to set up some
framework within which the neces-
sary solutions can be sought.
If this much is not done the al
tentative is "a world in anarchy in
which lawless power runs riot and
small nations are the first to be
trampled underfoot.' Because this
is so plainly correct statement of
the case, it is essential to support
the position taken by Mr. Stettinius.
The nations of the world must go
to San Francisco in spirit of hope
fulness and with the determination
to make the best possible begin
ming ION the long road to lasting
peace" To turn back now because
we are beginning to see that the
road ahead is not only long, but
also hard, would be to adopt
course that finds no justification in
human experience and which is
utterly barren of hope for the future.
Evening star., 1945-04-09
A CondIe Lighting a
Soldiers Letter

As white sentinel against the dark,
/ stand before him. Like bdyonet
NM small flame shines against the lurk.
ing gloom.
Be quiet, ,Dtnd:; pray you. do not fret
Or cause my light to flicker while he
tDrites. .
Do not begrudge him this brtet quietude,
o fire OF battle. Let his cloistered
thought
Now be OF love and home; do not iss. !
trude.
"Dear loped one" he begins his letter. ;
Flame
Be steady. Fragile tDords must bridge
the sea, !
And speak the message Of his yedrntng
heart.
And q candle lighted tears dnriety. Z
ROSE MYRA PHILLIPS. .
Evening star., 1945-04-09
Letters to The Star
Capt. Nichols Gives His Ideas of
Stadium.Auditorium Site

Stadium.Auditorium Site
TO the Editor Of The Star:
Received my Overseas Edition OF The
Star dated March IA on March 26.
Enjoyed receiving this edition and look
forward to It's coming every week. As
there are several Washingtoniaps in
this unit, the paper is distributed to
them when I have finished reading
my copies
The construction of an auditorium or
a stadium in Washington is an interest
ing. worthwhile project. Such project,
I hope. will not be built on the Mall
between the Capitol and the Washing
ton Monument. Large crowds going to
and from the stadium would overcrowd
Washington streets already over
burdened with automobile trafic. Park
ing Of automobiles is a phase Of the
problem not covered in your paper.
Surely you must provide for the large
numbers of automobiles of the people
patronizing the stadium or auditorium.
Of course, realize that critical curtail-
ment of tires and gasoline at the present
time has taken care Of the trafic
problem for the present. But after the
war the streets of washington will again
be used as parking areas, our worst
eye-sore!
Perhaps, one of the most pleasant
memories of Washington Is a Water
gate Concert on the bank of the Potomac
River Hans Kinder and the National
Symphony Orchestra playing on barge
in the river has provided me with many
enjoyable evenings never forgotten even
after 80 months service overseas!
wonder If the auditorium or stadium
project could not be located somewhere
along the Potomac River. One end Of
the stadium could open out to the river
enabling the stadium's use for water
sports motorboat and yacht racing,
water pageants. operas, concerts Thus
the stadium could be more useful and
therefore a more sound economic invest
ment
The site seems to be the biggest prob
lem to solve Such large project
would have to be located away from the
city center on the outskirts where large
parking areas would not lower the
property valuation too much!
used to live near the Washington
Zoo, My two sisters, Miss June Nichols
and Mrs. C. Lucille Green send me The
Washington Star.
CAPT. CHESTER W. NICHOLS, c.. e.
Somewhere in Germany.
Editors Note: Capt. Nichols, ma
tive of Massachusetts, who did post
graduate work at Harvard is we'll
known in Washington as a landscape
architect He was with the National
Parks Service for about Ave years.
then designed airfields and Army
camps for the War Department
before going overseas. He evidently
is unaware that the stadium site
near the foot of East Capitol street
is virtually agreed upon
Evening star., 1945-04-09

On the extreme left flank of the
western front, the Allied Supreme Com
mand Is faced with one of the most
tragically difficult situations of the war.
The Allied armies here have double
objective:
/. To destroy the German army In
The Netherlands.
Q To rescue and preserve the people
OF The Netherlands.
1t is obvious that if the Germans
make a determined point by point de-
fense of their positions within Neither
lands territory, the first objective may
we'll be accomplished only at severe
cost to the second. But it is likewise
obvious that If any of the brave folk Of
occupied Holland are to be rescued at
all, the German hold on their land
must be eliminated.
The Germans are Systematically
taking all food and clothing within the
country; they are leaving the people
wholly without means of livelihood. The
death rate in January, l945, was al
ready 125 per cent higher than In
January, 1914 It is believed to be still
rising and this is April. Much of the
land is flooded-f1ooded for the most
part with salt water, which means 1t
will be five or six years before 1t can
be returned to it's former productivity.
The Germans have carried out most OF
these inundations deliberately, for mill
tary purposes. They will carry out
others without hesitation if they think
it will serve their purposes
-
What are the German purposes in
The Netherlands?
There is little oficial information on
the subject, but dispatches from Europe
quoting the traditional Informed
sources" say that the Germans are
particularly anxious to hold the coastal
areas of the hook of Holland and IL
muiden, where they are operating con.
siderable numbers of E-boats land per-
haps also few submarines) which prey
on Allied shipping operating to and
from our great supply port of Antwerp.
It seems probable that vi or va
operations from Netherland bases will
no longer be possible for the Germans,
because of the interruption Of their
rail and road connections with Ger
many. They have but one main railway
still open to them, and that may now
be closed by the Allied airborne at
tacks which were launched in the
Northeastern Netherlands on Sunday
morning.
II, as it seems quite possible, these
air-borne attacks were directed against
the rail junction Of zwolle. the last rail-
Evening star., 1945-04-09
The Army's Error

BY it's apparent reluctance to cor
rect the gross injustice in its han
ding of the case of Sidney Shapiro,
formerly lieutenant in the Army
Air Forces. the War Department
seems to take the view that man,
upon entering the armed services of
the United States, forfeits his right
to the protection of what the Su-
preme Court calls that fundamental
fairness essential to the very concept
of justice"
Shapiro is net in any sense Grim
inal. His offense consists of an
excess of zeal and display of poor
Judgment in representing an enlisted
man whom he had been assigned to
defend in a court martial proceed
ing. Doubling the correctness of the
identification of the accused, Sha-
piro substituted another man for
him at the trial. The prosecution
witnesses identified the wrong man
as being the offender. and the youth
full Shapiro thought he had won his
case But he was wrong. Instead OF
winning that case, he found himself
accused of wrongfully effecting
delay in the orderly administration
of Justice before the court-martial
Charges were served on him at l2: 40
pm. September g. 1943. Eighty min
utes later he was forced to stand trial.
the Army court denying him the con-
tinuance for which he pleaded on the
ground that neither he nor his mex
perienced counsel had been given
opportunity to prepare defense. In
less than five hours he had been
charged. arraigned, tried. convicted
and sentenced to be dismissed from
the service-hiS career ruined and
his reputation permanently dam
aged.
No civilian court would tolerate
any such procedure as thiS-not even
against a hardened criminal. In the
famous case of Powell VS. Alabama,
counsel had been assigned to repre-
sent the accused on the morning of
his trial. The lawyers, apparently
thinking that no successful defense
could be offered, did not ask for a
continuance to prepare the case. But
despite this failure, the Supreme
Court refused to let the conviction
stand The prompt disposition of
criminal cases land court-martial
is criminal proceeding) is to be
commended and encouraged" the
Supreme Court said. But in reach
ing that result defendant, charged
with a serious crime, must not be
stripped of his right to have suffi-
cient time to advise with counsel and
prepare his defense
The Army, in the Shapiro case
thought that his offense was serious
enough to dismiss him from the serv-
ice and disgrace him for life. But
1t did not think it necessary, despite
what the Supreme Court has said
and despite the accused officers re-
quest for continuance, to give him
that opportunity to prepare de-
fense which is consistent with the
American concept of a fair trial.
In the circumstances, it is hard
to believe that the War Department
will refuse to confess its own error
and correct it's own abuse. But if it
should not do so, the Congress, which
created this civilian Army, and the
parents whose sons are in it should
be interested in knowing why the
Army insists upon maintaining-as
evidenced by the Shapiro casa
standard of justice so shockingly in
ferior to that which prevails in the
civil courts.
Evening star., 1945-04-09
A Protest That Is Protest
Citation for Pa
From the Belleville (Kans.) Telescope.

From the BelleViIe (kansD Telescope
For years George Washington has
been receiving all the glory for telling
his father that he could not tell a lie
and that he had chopped down the
cherry tree. We think it's about time
Mr.. Washington, ST., Is given little
praise for not blowing his top about
the use of his sons new hatchet on the
precious cherry tree.
Evening star., 1945-04-09

1918, but 1t will win the enemy
nothing but more ruin and more
death and will in no measure rob
the United Nations of their victory
In insisting that the fight 60 on,
Hitler is committing his last great
crime-a crime of terrible pride and
mad futility for which Germany it.
self must pay an appalling price.
Evening star., 1945-04-09
Grievous Omission
From the st. Louis Post Dispatch:

From the st. Louis Post Dispatch:
The Bath and Wiltshire Chronicle and
Herald recently committed grievous
breach Of British etiquette. 1t referred
to a certain gentleman without calling
him mister. This implied that he was
no gentleman. at least not an English
gentleman. So he sued.
The court ruled that the omission
was not defamatory, even If 1t was hui
initiating. Mister" originated from
master" and every Briton is his own
master, God save the King. We Ameri-
cans, our press indicates long ago ceased
to have such pretensions
Evening star., 1945-04-09
Wants Sound Economy

To the Editor Of The Star:
Are we following sound fiscal policy?
Today you and I, citizens Of these
United States Of America are in debt
as a nation. s2e345 for every min
ute or s489 for every second since the
birth of Jesus Christ. Figuring the in
creased debt we owe since our present
Administration came in little over IL
years ago, we have gone deeper in the
red at the rate Of $4,000, 900 each hour,
"a hours day.
Few people have offered any plan to
pay this debt. About the only plan ad
vanced so far Is to pay the interest
upon our public debt at say 2 per cent
or 2la per cent The interest alone on
the deficit spending amounts to $780,
100000 yearly.
Should We buy bonds? Yes. by all
means. buy bonds. Let's win this war
as quickly as possible. but also. right
now. let S stop spending except directly
on the war effort. Can We not esta blish
some sound fiscal policy and operate our
Government as a business-the largest
single business in the world, running the
best country on earth?
j. VICTOR DICKEY,
Little Businessman.
Evening star., 1945-04-09
j. VICTOR DICKEY,
A Little Businessman.

Real Friends and the Other Kind
To the Editor of The star:
Nothing is more important for a ma
ton than to know it's real friends This
is particularly important for America.
since we are rather more idealistic
than realistic.
For example, after the First World
War, We soon came to regard Germany
as being as much a friend of America
as Britain. When Germany, who was
the cause of all the war and all the
war debts, refused to pay even the small
proportion Of the cost which was asked
of her, we resented 1t nowhere near so
much as we resented the reputation
of war debts by bankrupt France or
long suffering England - neither of
which had home population more
than thirds that Of Germany-and
neither of which ever would have had
such debts had they remained as self
ishly neutral as Spain or the Scandi-
navian countries. We even lent Ger.
many abundantly for "reconstruction"-
without half the misgivings we enter
tain concerning our present lend-lease
to our Allies in this second war of Ger
many's making.
So little do we distinguish between
mere formal friendship and the real
sort which springs from common in
terests, aims and purposes and COM
mon sacrifices for such common inter-
ests, aims and purposes, that German
war prisoners often fare far better in
this country than do the visiting sailors
of the British navy which, for over a
year, held Hitler from his one real
chance to win the world.
BOILING SOMERVILLE.
A Protest That Is a Protest
To the Editor Of The Star:
1 protest! For more than Is years I
have been patiently waiting for justice
to triumph and for that obnoxious little
brat, Orphan Annie, to get her just
desserts.
But time and again the sanctimonious
smart-aleck has escaped, and time and
again have silently suffered cruel dis
appointment. Today was just too much!
The Stars journalistic integrity de-
mands that Justice be done; The Stars
readers cry out for retribution.
Little Orphan Annie delenda est!
CHARLES MALCOIlMSON.
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-12
.Crdke Retains
Casting Titles

Charlie Crake. veteran Detroit
fly and bait caster successfully
defended his state IS distance plug
title Saturday at Belle Isle where
the Michigan Fly and Bait Cast
ing Tournament is being held.
Crake scored POS 2-3 points TO
best another veteran, John Bur
dick of MuSkegon, who finished
with 269. Jim Barto of Detroit
was third with 263.
Crake also captured the - dis
tancc plug with a fine mark of
324 2-3 points. Barto was second
with 307 and Burdick third with
301 2,3.
The two-day tournament, which
ends this Sunday with the = and
3 accuracy games. the dry and
wet fly and SkiSh plug and fly,
attracted 50 top ranking casters
from all parts OF the state.
The state tournament is a pre-
view of the u. s. Amateur Fly
and Bait Casting Tournament
at the same pool Aug. 22-26.