davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-12-29

We have an interest in every part of
the world where the seeds of war might
be Sprouting in evil growth. A few
years ago, it would have been unthink-
able that an American Secretary Of
State should be sitting in Moscow
arguing about Russian intentions in
Iran, for example; few years ago, it
would have been unthinkable that the
American Government should officially
express its desire that a proposed British
treaty with Thailand be re-eXamined.
There would have been an immediate
outcry that we were becoming in
volved" in matters of no concern to us.
But if we are to have safety from war
it must be by cooperation with others
of like interests. If we are interested in
all the regions of the world, then so are
indeed the necessity of having say
about what goes on in Iran and Thai
land, we cannot deny to other powers
the right to have say about what goes
on in Japan.
Russia is an East Asiatic power, a
Pacific power. Russia has had to suffer
from japanese militarism in the past.
ftUSSld Is DIS V1Gduy ulGcICSIcO Ill q
quiescent Japan for the future as we
are.
And it is certainly true that much
Of the difficulty we have had in coming
to agreement with the Russians over
European and Middle Eastern matters
is due to the fact that we have been
denying Russia an effective voice in the
affairs of Japan.
It may turn out that the new regime
will be less streamlined and efficient in
handling japanese affairs than the ex-
isting one-man control. It is possible
that there will be bitches and Difficult
ties which do not now exist. That Is
almost inescapable. But it is part of the
price that we shall have to pay for the
right to make our own voice effectively
heard elsewhere. 1t is, in particular, par;
Of the price we shall have to pay fol
Russian confidence, for the slow growth
of that mutual understanding between
the great powers without which the
United Nations Organization can never
be made to operate successfully.
tcopyrisht, 104SJ
Evening star., 1945-12-29
The Middle East Left Out

In the voluninous and complex
communique on the Moscow Confer
ence of Foreign Ministers, extending
geographically as it does from the
Balkans and Italy to China and
Japan, and covering as it does many
aspects of the topics considered,
there is one ominous blank spot.
That resounding omission is the
Middle East, with special reference
to Iran.
No secret is made as to why this
IS so. Secretary Byrnes assured
American press representatives be-
fore he left Moscow that there is
no agreement on any subject which
is not covered in the communique. !"
British Foreign Secretary Bevin was
more specific when he stated: "One
of the most important of these (un-
settled matterS) is the Iranian ques-
ton. It has been the subject of a
protracted exchange of views be-
tween the Soviet government and
the governments of the United
States and Great Britain. Final
agreement has not been reached,
but discussions will continue through
ordinary channels"
That reassuring tag-end of Mr..
Bevin's statement will deceive no
one conversant with the critical
state of Middle Eastern affairs and
the urgency of a genuine under
standing in this field between Soviet
Russia and the western powers. The
Moscow meeting was the ideal occa-
sion for the framing of an agree
nent. And the reason why no such
agreement was arrived at is unqueS-
tionably Russia's refusal formally to
enter into negotiations on Middle
Eastern matters.
The most reliable accounts yet re-
ceived as to what happened at the
conference indicate that when the
subject of Iran was informally
broached by Messrs. Byrnes and
Bevin, Mr.. Molotoff stood absolutely
pat on the Russian official attitude
already publicly set forth. That
Russian thesis is that the Azerbaijan
autonomist movement is entirely
spontaneous and normal, with which
the Russian occupation forces there
have nothing to do. Consequently
Iran was never formally raised in
the full-dress sessions and does not
figure as topic in the communique
incidentally, Moscow refused to al
low the Iranian Prime Minister tc
come to Moscow and lay his case
before the conference, as he ardently
desired to do.
AS for the subject Of Turkey
which is potentially far more serious
than that of Iran because of it
threat of new war, there is no hin
that it was discussed even on tn,
informal, level. Considering Brit
ish anxiety on the subject, this pre-
sumably was due to a Russian init
nation that no consideration woult
be given the matter by the Sovie
representative.
Thus, the explosive Middle Eastern
situation remains automatically un
explored and Moscow retains fre
hand to take such unilateral actor
Evening star., 1945-12-29
Letters to The Star
Quotes Ship Masters Letter
On War in l795

To the Editor Of The Star:
The backwash of war has been much
the same in the past as we experience
it in the present. A master of the
American brig Jerusha penned the fol-
lowing letter at the port of Bordeaux,
France, on June 19, 1795. His modest
reference to his apprenticeship" was
seven years in the Continental Army
beginning at the age of 13. He is
addressing these observations to his
wife in America:
II am here with very little to do,
awaiting orders from Paris.
Lassitude in business leaves tiresome
vacancy in our lives. have been once
to the play with Capt. Clements, but
was not much entertained
Whosoever has money to spend lightly
had better bestow 1t upon the. numerous
objects of charity which he meets here
and should we not find more
pleasure in relieving them than in in
dulging ourselves in amusements which
neither mend the heart, improve the
health nor enrich the understanding?
Louis Laf1tte is at Rochfort about
fifty or sixty miles from this I wrote
to him when I first arrived and sent
him the letters the girls wrote, and I
have received an answer. He seemed
to be overjoyed in hearing from his
American friends, and says he means
to return to that lovely country when
ever this tedious war is over He belongs
to that frigate La Virtu, and expects
soon to be ordered to the East Indies.
How thankful we of America ought
to be that we yet enjoy peace. Those
unfortunate inhabitants of st. Peter af-
forded an instance near us of the ca
lamity of war. They have been driven
from their peaceful homes, and obliged
to fly for refuge across the ocean, where
even now they do not meet repose, but
volved in war and again are subject
to all the evils which they fed to avoid.
War is a melancholy trade, and tho
l served an apprenticeship in it, and
feel a prejudice in favor of those who
fight the battle of a just cause, yet
shall always mourn for country whose
unhappy fate subjects them to the ca
lamities of it. Heaven grant that Amer
lea, that lovely country as poor Louis
styles it, may ever enjoy peace, and we,
its happy inhabitants, sit down tram
quilly in friendly intercourse with each
other, as an example for the world to
cultivate the same blessing
The man who originally penned these
words was Capt Gamaliel Bradford, an
ancestor of the Gamaliel Bradford, his
torian and biographer, who belonged to
our own times.
rrpcu0N6 pDAnrNpr
Evening star., 1945-12-29

an equal share In the administration
and control of Japan. claiming the Pots
dam agreement applied only to phase
when military power had to be exer-
cised. President Truman fatty rejected
this request in q statement made on
September Is at White House press
conference, and when the London con-
ference adjourned on october it ap-
peared that nothing more would be said
about it.
The Russians refused to cooperate
with consultative commission with
headquarters in Washington because
it had only consultative role and the
representatives of the Big Four had no
veto power.
This has now been remedied at the
Moscow Conference, at the expense of
the United States
Henceforth, Gen. Macarthur or his
successor, in the event he does not wish
to accept the new role given him, will
have only a limited authority. The
an offshoot Of the consultative commits
sion, has among other things the power
Ito formulate policies and to review at
chAS ACAoCSV Va ally iIlCAlUCl any ulTtC.
tive issued by the supreme commander.
The predominant position of the
United States in Japan has now been
eliminated. The involved diplomatic
wording of paragraph two of section
five Of the organizational charter of
the Far Eastern Commission provides
that the commission may take action
by less than unanimous vote provided
that action shall have the concurrence
OF at least the majority of all the rep
resentatives including the representa-
tives Of the Big Four"
A translation of this verbiage in
plain English means that any of the
Big -Four has the veto power by which
the supreme commander can be stymied
at any time. He is further hamstrung
by the creation Of a control council
Of the Big Four with headquarters in
Tokyo.
In such event he will withhold the
issuance of his orders until the Far
Eastern Commission makes final de-
cision. 1t is obvious that the nation
whose representative on the council has
raised an objection to the supreme
commmanders decision will be upheld
by the delegate of his country in the
commission who has the veto power.
Thus, the provisions regarding the
Far East signed in Moscow deprive the
United States of the authority given
her at Potsdam, an authority which
has been put to excellent use thus far.
Evening star., 1945-12-29
Destroying the Four Fs


To the Editor of The Star:
In the December IA issue of The Star
you printed an Associated Press report,
quoting Representative Gibson of Geor-
gia as saying that: President Truman
had made political blunder and his
issuance of an order authorizing the
FEPC to investigate and report on en-
ployment practices in private industry
until next June 80 is like waving a red
flag in the face of Southern Congress-
men"
Such, statements by Representative
Gibson and other members of the
Southern bloc in Congress are detri-
mental to the welfare of our Nation
and serve to destroy the four, Fs for
which we are supposed to have fought.
The Army and the Navy should re-
lease every man now in the service in
or out of the United States of America,
cease drafting and when another war
comes, let Representative Gibson and
his cohorts do the fighting.
A VETERAN.
Evening star., 1945-12-29
Aftermath

They tDnit in siluer silence, cool enqines
and hushed ,Dings,
In cold light OF December du,pn, the
field trost-chiIled,
Poised no,D in calm all STRANGER than
the roar OF flight,
Be'otldered, rle,o to this silence of pro-
pellers stilled.
Fresh from their season OF death and
restiDe yet,
Different is this from plowshare
nodded out OF SUord.
For this, the sudden halter to their
potDered savage flight,
For this, for this silence, there is as
ret no iDord.
FREDERICK EBRIGHT.
Evening star., 1945-12-29

as it sees fit, subject only to such
countermoves as the western powers
may make in case Russias action
endangers what they deem their
major interests. This is a condition
as potentially perilous as it is
regrettable,
Evening star., 1945-12-29
The Women Not Paid
From the South Bend Tribune

From the South Bend Tribune.
Approximately half Of the defendants
arraigned in the court of domestic rela-
tions for nonsupport," it is reported from
Chicago, "are on strike and consequently
cannot pay their wives" This, we as
sumo. is not making the affected wives
more enthusiastic about unionism.
Evening star., 1945-12-29

That respected sage who said, "We
all have need of travel" of course,
was not thinking of icy roadways
over which the less unnecessary
travelling the better.
Evening star., 1945-12-29

The postage stamp showing his
portrait reminds his countrymen
that, while there were $4,000 John
Smiths in the United States in his
time, there was only one AL.
Evening star., 1945-12-29
Further Praise for Cartoon

Further Praise for Cartoon
To the Editor of The Star
OF all the fine things which appeared
in our papers during the holiday sea-
son, believe that your cartoon Of
December % entitled NO Vacant
Chair" was the most outstanding. May
we commend you for this most timely
and expressive cartoon, which to us
strikes the nail on the head at this
most critical time in world history?
We also want to express our appre-
citation for the wonderful cooperation
which your paper has given the Central
Union Mission from time to time.
HERBERT E. EBERHARDT,
Superintendent Central Union Mission.
Evening star., 1945-12-29
Optimistic Note

To the Editor Of The STAR
An incredible amount of foolish fear
has been generated by idle chatter con-
corning the atomic bomb. Courage is
conspicuous by its absence, when people
give free rein to their emotions. In
asmuch as the world is bankrupt after
expending over a trillion dollars in fu-
tile attempts to establish the four free
doms, the likelihood of foreign nations
manufacturing costly atomic bombs for
years to come appears remote. The
dark specter Of fear should be routed
by recourse to reason. In rebuilding a
world in ruins, courage, not cowardice,
will be required.
EDMUND K. GOLDSBOROUGH.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-10-02
Yukon Here
 Bound West

The Yukon arrived at the Alaska Steamship Company's dock yester- day afternoon with the following 26 incoming passengers:
 From Seattle: D. Actin, L. J. Bus sancih D. M. Cowgirl Mrs. D. M Cowgirl, Neil Carter, Lewis Carter, -J Carlson, Carl Calvert, Bruce Kendall, G. E. Nelson. H. G. Nord- ling, Augusta Rubinaker, J. Scid- more. w. H. Sullivan, Edward Snow, Mrs. Edward Snow, E. Yates, L. Yates, D. w. Anderson, F. Fulgentcio, Geo. Kantaras and D. A. Sheppard.
 From Ketchikan-A. L. Florence, Calvin L. Florence, J. Sherman Tanner and Calvin O. Hartman.
 Leaving at II 45 o'clock last eve- ming were the following Seward bound passengers; Cora Jackson, Pete Kesovia, Joseph A. Kenny, Kenneth F. Sagar, Mrs. Rose c. Dut,s, OShbei T. SiiSii, 4>ooii A>' Phillips, David Shelman, Joseph Alexander, German Abiol, L. c. McKenna, Daniel J. Klanatt, F. Muring. Leslie Pendleton, Mrs. o. Stapleton, O. Stapleton, John Martin, Arlene Martin, Alfred Cropley, Rachael Borrey, Estabeth Roberts, Frances Jackson, Sam Howard, Adoline Pratt, Patricia Pratt and B. A. Mesbitt.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-10-02
RIGHT0, TOM

CHICAGO, Oct. 2-Senator Tom Connally of Texas, Chairman of the Senate's Foreign Relations Com mittee, in a speech last night be- fore the United Nations Veterans Victory Conference, expressed his views on what should be done with the atomic bomb secret.
 Senator Connally said:
 We should proceed immediately to set up appropriate machinery to work out plans for the control and use of atomic energy. We should not divluge the secret to other nations. We found it first. It is ours and the world can rest assured that we shall never use it except in our nec- essary self-defense or in the interest of the peace of the world"
The daily monitor leader., 1945-11-21

played at first opportunity, or
he can let East pick up the
Jack of clubs and 1t will not be
subject to call.
Declarer can then call for
East's highest or lowest spade.
The point is, which should he
do? Remember, he has made one
heart trick. He can make four
diamond tricks and two clubs
that Is seven. Now he has to
make the ace of spades and an
other spade.
Well, / presume you made the
same mistake most Of US did.
You said to let East pick up the
Jack of clubs and force him 10
play his lowest spade. Unforun-
ately, East's lowest spade Is the
king so he wins the trick and
leads through the queen OF
hearts.
If he had treated the Jack OF
clubs as an exposed card, East
would have won the trick with
the king of spades but would
have been forced to return .
club and South could have made
the contract.
The daily monitor leader., 1945-11-21
. BARBS

G. rs are reported teaching
Jap men street car etiquet. Hur-
ry home, boys, we can use you
to good advantage.
One tough Job for the school
ma'am is teaching the kids to
forget the geography they learn.
ed in the past four years.
A full accounting Of Jap war
production since 1941 has been
demanded. Four years ago they
lost their heads - now their
arms.
Our job is to make the easiest
Job of the returning soldier the
job of getting one.
Look out for the thief who
knows that air is free and wraps
it up in an auto tire.
Three clarinets and three ac-
cordions were stolen from q
Cleveland music store. Police
suspect 1. robber band.
The daily monitor leader., 1945-11-21
BY PETER EDISON

WASHINGTON - Some day
In this postwar world the poll
ticians and statesmen are going
to wake up and discover that
any speech lasting longer than
10 minutes is a waste of every
body's time. including the
speakers, unless he has some
thing to say.
The newspapers long ago dis
covered the charm of brevity
and all but the dullest now limit
their stories to 500 or 1000
words, unless they have some
thing to report like the down.
fall of Germany or the dropping
of the first atomic bomb.
The radio has also discovered
brevity. Only Bob Hope and a
few of his stripe can hold an au-
oience for half an hour, and
even they have to be interspers-
ed with music.
But the politicians still drool
on, boring everybody to death.
And the amazing thing about
this is that with all the interest
ing things there are to talk about
about in this world the politician
still prefers to deal in banalities.
The daily monitor leader., 1945-11-21
. QUESTIONS
AND
ANSWERS .

O. What was the original
purchase price of Manhattan Is
land?
A-Peter Minuet, director
general of New Netherland, pur-
chased the island from the In
dians May 6, 1925, for trinkets
valued at about $24.
Q-What were the total earn
ings of the famous racehorse
Whirlaway?
Ain four years, 194O-43.
earnings totalled 1851, ,16l.
Q-How old are the Dionne
quintuplets?
A-The girls were IL years
old on May %, 1945.
Q-What was the date of the
beginning Of World War II?
A-Germany invaded Poland
Sept. /, 1899. On Sept. 3, Bri-
tain, Australia, New Zealand
and France declared war on
Germany.
Q-What is the highest land
in the world?
Amount Everest, India Chi
ma, 29,141 feet.
Q-Why are Philadelphia and
a number of other cities at
tempting to rid themselves OF
pigeons?
A-Philadelphia health offic-
ials say many pigeons there are
infected with pneumonia like
ornithosis.
The daily monitor leader., 1945-11-21
SIC SEMPER TYRANNIS

One newspaper obituary OF Field Marshal Au-
gust Won Mockensen spoke Of him as the hawk
faced little soldier" Probably few Of US who renem-
Der him, by way Of photographs from the first World
War ever thought Of him being SMALL He had
toll imposing look.
Hawk fooed he wos. Thot foce. with its fierce
rustoche and Wild burning eyes, almost as de-
void Of flesh nd blood os the ernnine deoths head
thot adorned the toll fur shake Of his hussor's uni
form. He quite figure - the perfect symbol
of Prussion miIitorism.
Yet Mockensen was snolI Or at Ieost he lost os
much stoture through the yeors the riIitorsn
which he synbozed
Mockensen nearly 96 when he died. had enter
ed the 0ernon army when he 20. Bismarck s
iron fist ruled the reich in those days, and young
Mockensen served Bismarck we'll in the o-Prus-
sion war. He served Wilhelm II even better in 1914
l8 winning series Of spectacular victories on the
Eostern Front.
He oso served Hitler, but only as show horse.
His aging bones wouldn't permit anything more &C.
tive. They trotted him out to make speeches and
pose, in his deoth's head hot and eod-broided uni.
form, os the embodiment Of lost glory
But he lived too long, And when the Allied troops
captured him the aged hero Of Gocio. the man
who had seen and participated in the rise and foil
Of the Gernon Empire. wos feebIy potterno about
his form and cursne the Russian soldiers for making
off wthshs chickens.
z He still wore his hussor's uniform and his fur
shoko. But both were looking considerably shabby
ond noth-eoten.
The daily monitor leader., 1945-11-21
HOME NURSE
BY Iona L. TROTT
Written for NEA Service

THE young mother is natur-
ally proud of her baby and
wants to show him off to her
friends, but for his health's sake
she will keep him away from
crowds. For the first few weeks
after she brings him home from
the hospital he should be seen
by as a few people as possible.
He has been kept behind glass
and protected from visitors by a
nurse so that he will have a
safe introduction to the world.
Coming home should not be too
rude q change.
As he grows older and strong
er, he should of course have a
daily airing in his perambulator,
and for short periods he may
be taken into the homes of
friends il no illness is present
there, but he should not be taken
into public gatherings.
Baby care is particularly diff
ficult for the young mother in
wartime, who because her hus-
band is away at camp or over
seas, must live with his or her
family in crowded surroundings.
"Spoiling" the baby seems un-
avoidable, with aunts and uncles
grandparents and other relatives
giving him their loving atten-
tion, but remember that there
is more danger in this promiscu.
Gus handling than affects mis-
outward habits and disposition.
There is grave danger of infec-
tion.
NEEDS SEPARATE UTENSILS
The baby should never be al
lowed to drink from q glass Or
cup, or to eat from q fork or
spoon used by another person.
In the high chair at the family
table, for example. he must be
protected from well-meaning Of
fers of food from the younger
members of the family.
In leaving the baby with "sit-
ters" Or members of the family,
be sure they understand that he
Is never to have his nose, mouth
or hands wiped with soiled
handkerchiefs or tissues. Give
them specific directions about
his nap or feeding, the chang
ing of his diapers and other
necessary directions for his
safety and comfort. Be sure that
his regular schedule Ii main
tanned at all times and you will
have . baby to be proud of be-
cause he Is well and secure.
The daily monitor leader., 1945-11-21
MCKINNEY ON
BRIDGE
BY WILLIAM e. MCKINNEY
Americas Card Authority

HERE Is one of the most In
teresting problems of rules that
! have seen. from q players
standpoint. The declarer won the
opening heart lead in the dunn.
my with the king, led a small
club from dummy, finessed the
queen and it held The queen
Of diamonds was then cashed
and West showed out. At this
point, the declarer led the queen
OF spades, West played small.
and small one was played from
dummy. East played the jack Of
clubs. West then said, mo
spades, partner" Whereupon
East said, "Oh, / am sorry"
Now, of course. East Is SUBJ
ject to a penalty and this is
what happens. The declarer can
either treat the jack of clubs
as penalty card Tin other
words, this jack of clubs must be
placed face up on the table and