davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-06
COLOGNE NATIVES
FIND DREAM GONE
Continued from Page One)

swollen udders walked painfully
across fields. No one had taken
the trouble to milk them as the
battle passed this way. Chickens
and geese huttered foolishly about
deserted farm houses and Dough
boys looked at them with inter-
est.
In a weather stained old church
in this village were crowded 500
civilians. 1t was a foolish place to
take refuge in war, for churches
are not exempt from shelling-
their steeples almost always make
excellent observation posts for the
enemy.
The church would seat perhaps
$50 people comfortably, but these
refugees damned into every nook
of it and their voices made a harsh
hum which rose and fell like the
sound of sWarming bees. They had
lived there for days and there was
the strong stencil of sweating and
unwashed bodies, of straw and the
odor of food.
A few candles burned In the
church to illuminate the weird
scene, and high in the wavering
shadows above the altar hung a
cross bearing the life-size figure of
the crucified Christ.
Out in the muddy courtyard,
some people stood in the rain to
get breath of fresh air. Children
baked potatoes in hot ashes of an
open fire and an elderly woman
doled out preserved fruits and
vegetables from a collection of
jars salvaged from shelled
house.
Major Charles Kapes of Hazel
ton, Pa, provost marshal for the
Third Armored Division, walked
into the churchyard and babble
of voices rose. A doctor wanted to
know if there was medicine for i'll
people in the church. A woman
wanted permission to 60 to her
home and get food from her base
ment. Another wanted to open up
d hlCCllGIl W leu llCA 1dlll11J.
Kapes said YEARLY:
1.-The military government will
take care of these things. My job
is to see that these people stay
off the roads and do not interfere
with the war;
But he granted as many re-
quests as possible and said others
would have to wait until the mill
tary government took over.
The interpreter was a middle
aged woman who said she had two
brothers and two sisters living in
New York City and a brother-in-
law who owned fox ranch in Wy
oming. She said her husband had
taught French and English in
Dusseldorf until two years ago
when he entered the army. He now
is fighting in Italy, she added.
Then the woman leaned forward
and whispered:
MANY people were forced to 60
into the party who did not want
to join. If you didn't join you
couldn't get bread. My husband
was forced to join and he always
said Germany could not win the
war. Five years ago he said it was
hopeless because the Americans
would come in on the side Of Eng
land and we could not fight
against such masses of material
as you could produce.
The woman said people had been
living in Easements and in the
church for the past week, afraid
to 60 out because of the Smelling
and fighting which came nearer
and nearer, passed through the
town, and moved on to the east.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-06
J. w. QUINN

J. W. Quinn, former Whining
tonian, died at his home in Balti-
more, Md, Sunday morning at 10
O. clock.
Surviving are his widow, and
three daughters, Mrs. Alma Hub
bard, and Mrs. Addie Mitchell Of
Baltimore, and Mrs. Henry Will
liams of Myrtle Grove Sound.
Funeral services will be held at
5 p. m. tomorrow at the Yopp
Funeral Home by the Rev. G. w.
Saunders. Interment will be in
the Williams cemetery at Myrtle
Grove Sound.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-06
Briefs
AUTO COLLISION

An oil tanker truck, driven
South on Third street, and an
automobile drive west on
Princess street, were damaged
yesterday, according to police
reports, when they collided at
the intersection.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-06

Sound road, who had requested
that the State be asked to clean
the bitches bordering the highway.
Several tax adjustments were
made and admission to the Coun-
ty Home, submitted for the appl-
cant by J. R. Hollis, county super
intendent Of public welfare.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-06
AIR RAIDS AWAITED

LONDON, March 5.-(P)- Der.
Inns housewives look forward to
an air raid alert these days BE-
cause electricity has to be turned
on for the warning sirens and this
gives housekeepers a chance to
cook meals, the German radio said
tonight.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-06
CATHEDRAL DAMAGED

COLOGNE SUBURBS, Germany,
March 5.-P)-One Spire of the
famous 18th century Cologne cathe-
dral appears from here to have
small chunk knocked from one of
its sides. A German sergeant,
just captured, said the cathedral
received a direct hit about three
weeks ago.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-06
SFORZA DECLINES

= ROME, March 5.-(R- Count
carlo Sforza said today he would
aot accept the post of envoy to
france, preferring ito remain in
Naly during her greatest suffer-
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-06
JAYCEE MEETING

Members of the Junior
Chamber of Commerce will
meet tonight at 1880 p. m. in
the banquet hall of the Friend
ly Cafeteria. The speaker will
be Rabbi M. M. Thurman.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-06

Fish should be put in a tightly
covered container in the refriger-
ator.
Evening star., 1945-07-08
Agreement Allows Poles
In Russia 10 Repafriafe
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated PreSS.
MOSCOW, July THE signing Of
an agreement beeBen Russia and
Poland permitting exchange of ma
tionality and residence by citizens
of either country has opened the
way for the return to Poland Of
many persons now living in the
Soviet Union.
All Poles and Polish Jews who
were citizens of Poland before Sep
tember II, 1899, were given permis-
sion to abandon U. S. S. r. citizenship
and settle on Polish territory, pro-
vided they applied for such a trans
fer before November l, 1945.
The agreement, signed yesterday.
specified that the transfer applied
only to persons who had blood ties
with the country to which they were
going back. 1t was expected to ia
cilitate the return home of many
thousands of Russians, White Rus
slams and Ukrainians, who were
forced westward by advancing Ger
man armies.
The agreement emphasized that a
change in citizenship by either group
was entirely voluntary. Those de-
Gliding to take the step, the an
nouncement said, could carry two
tons of personal property, if they
were rural residents, and one ton,
if they were CITY dWellerS.
Evening star., 1945-07-08
French 10 Restore
Control OF Armies 10
Syria and Lebanon
Move Seen as Step
Toward Re-openine o,
Middle East Dealings
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
PARIS, Sunday, July 8.-The
Foreign Office announced today
that France has agreed to re-
store control of native Syrian
and LebaneSe armies to their
respective governments in what
obviously was a first step toward
Ireopening negotiations with the
two Middle East states.
The French announcement saiC
the transfer would be effected within
maximum of As days.
The Foreign Office released q
declaration from Gen. Paul Etienne
Beynet, French delegate general tc
the Levant states, which said ir
part:
considering the fact that be-
cause of the end of European hos
tilities, nothing further blocks the
legitimate desire of Syria and Leb-
anon to organize their national
armies, the French government de-
clares that these troops are to be
transferred to the Syrian and Leb-
anese governments, following formu-
lation of methods therefor, which
will be worked out within a maxi
mum of As days"
This action will place between
10000 and $4,000 troops, the total
force for both countries. under the
control of their respective govern
ments. Heretofore they have beer
commanded by French officers anc
paid by the French government,
The situation constituted one o.
the principal points of controversy
between France and the two coun-
tries.
The Foreign Office spokesman sale
France hoped that todays actor
would lead to the reopening of con-
ferences interrupted six weeks age
when violence fiared in Syria.
The change-over would not affect
the position of French troops already
stationed at Damascus, he said.
Evening star., 1945-07-08
Playful Reds Free Nuzi Bunnies,
RuinNine- -YeurSuper-Ruce I est

Military Government laboriously
blood tipping the babies and all
adults males in the colony, hoping
in a few cases to find the guilty pro-
genitors. The Russian commander
put the laboratory out of bounds on
his complaint, but q few minutes of
rabbit freedom had wrecked years of
work.
DR.. Nachtsheim, contributor to the
Washington Journal of Genetics
and Germans translator for DR..
Thomas Hunt Morgan of the Car
negie Institute alone remained of
the anthropological faculty when
Col. Frank Howley, Philadelphia, the
Army's spearhead military govern
ments commander, took over the
laboratory as headquarters, inherit
ing rooms piled with bones, skulls
and a couple of 3,000-year-old Egyp-
tian mummies.
This one great center was the
effort of Hitler's science flunkies
(see RABBITS, Page A-17J
Evening star., 1945-07-08
Truman Helps Soldier
Rush to Dying Son
n the Associated Press

rs kut AooOCtdbGO 1900
MANCHESTER, N. H, July T.
With what he said was the personal
aid of President Truman, Sergt
John R. Merrill came home today
from New Guinea to the bedside OF
his dangerously i'll 2-month-old son
son.
Sergt. Merrill, attached to the 25th
Air Corps, said his request for g
furlough was refused, after his wife
had notified him that the baby hao
been operated on for spinal tumor
He then appealed directly to the
President, the sergeant added, anc
obtained a 30-day leave to see his
child "for the first and perhaps the
last time"
The baby was born April 25 anc
underwent the operation one week
later
Evening star., 1945-07-08
CiechonowsH Baked in Effort
To Deed Embassy to u. S. Poles
Retiring EnvoyReverses
Transfer of Property
To Anti-Red Congress
BY GARNETT ID. HORNER.

A frustrated effort to turn the
Polish Embassy at 2640 Sixteenth
street NV. over to the anti.
Russian Polish American Con-
gresS was revealed last night as
one of the last official acts OF
Jan CiechanowSki as Ambassador
here of the diScredited Polish
exile government in London.
Mr.. Ciechanowski said it was
contemplated" that the society turn
the Embassy building into mu-
scum of Polish art and historical
treasures rather than have it fall
into the hands of the new national
unity" government in Warsaw, but
that the plans were reversed"
when it was found mot possible"
to transfer the property.
Deputy District Recorder of Deeds
Frederick S. Weaver told The Star
that a deed conveying the property
to the Polish American Congress
actually was filed by Mr.. Ciecha-
nowski last Tuesday, two days be-
Evening star., 1945-07-08
Army Officer Who Made 1922
In Sale Of Dog to Gl Dismissed

a Miss Audrey Roe, whom he later
married, bid for the dog, which she
purchased for $3.50, the Command
stated.
Then, Command officials said, the
lieutenant wired Pvt. Douglass, who
had been transferred from 1t. Pat
nodes command at Camp Rimini
near Helena, Mont, to another
camp, that he could get the dog for
him and Pvt. Douglass wired $500
to 1t. Patnode for Lucky"
The Army said that when he
knew the dog was to be disposed of
Pvt. Douglass had told 1t. Patnode
that Lucky was worth $500 or S400
to him."
1t. Patnode served as an enlisted
man in the Army for % months
before becoming an officer and had
held his commission for 16 months
until his dismissal which was con-
firmed yesterday, Command head
quarters said.
Evening star., 1945-07-08
|B-2oProducfionQuota
Exceeded 470 in June
Py the Associated Press

Ry the Associated Press.
Production of Superfortresses ran
4 per cent ahead of schedule in June,
the War Production Board reported
yesterday.
Chairman j. A. Krug announced
that despite this achievement, total
aircraft output during the last
month fell short of the objective by
228 planes. This ended a three
month record of schedule attain
ment.
The total of aircraft accepted
during June was 5,794, against an
objective that called for 6,022 planes.
Mr. Krug, while stating that the
overall June showing was a dis
appointment" reported that Big
production was on schedule in all
plants, with two companies "ex-
ceeding their quota to such an ex-
tent" as to account for the per
cent increase over the number of
super bombers scheduled.
Evening star., 1945-07-08
BY THOMAS r. HENRY,
Star War Correspondent.


BERLIN, July Professor Doc
tor" Hans Nachtsheim of Kaiser
Wilhelm Institute was woeful as he
watched the baby rabbits having
epileptic fits.
The life work of this great gene
ticist, well-known in Washington
has been the study of rabbit heredi-
tary diseases, thus throwing light or
similar human maladies. He hao
300 pure bred rabbits for the study
of epilepsy. He had recorded the
ancestry of every rabbit for genera
tions. Then some playful Russian
soldiers opened the pens.
Those animals in the yard acted
like rabbits act. Now there is new
epileptic generation, but the fathers
are unknown, breaking the family
lines on which the experimental con-
illusions were based.
Today found DR.. NachtSheim at
the headquarters OF the American
Evening star., 1945-07-08
Ry the Associated Press.

by the ASSOCldteu EEcSS.
BALTIMORE, July dismissal
of an Army lieutenant from the
service for his part in the sale of a
dog to an enlisted man for profit
of 1922 was reported today by 3rd
Service Command Headquarters in
Baltimore
The officer is 1st 1t. James j.
Patnode, 81, Lake Placid, N. Y.
1t. Patnode, last stationed at
Camp Lee, Va, the Army said, made
arrangements with Pfc. Malcolm G.
Douglass Of East Orange, N. j., to
purchase an Army -owned Eskimo
Malamute dog, named Lucky" OF
which the private had become fond
while working with the United
Antarctic Service expedition OF
1882 -1941 and later when he entered
the military service.
When the dog was put on public
sale by the Army, 1t. Patnode had
Evening star., 1945-07-08
Thousands Purchase
Papers at New York
Offices Despite Strike
Publishers Statement
Says DeIiveymen Must
Okoy WLB Decision
BY the Associated Press.

NEW YORK, July New
Yorkers tonight descended on
newspaper Offices by the thou
sands to buy Sunday editions as
a strike of deliverymen entered
its second week.
The largest throng-estimated by
police at more than 11,000-was at
the Daily News building, where men
women and children stood three
abreast for five blocks. They were
buying papers at the rate of more
than $4,000 an hour. Thirty police
men kept the lines orderly.
Crowds at Offices of other papers
which publish Sunday editions
ranged from 200 to 1900.
Union Heads Silent.
Earlier, the Publishers Association
of New York City said in state
ment that delivery of the city's
newspapers would be resumed when
the strikers complied with War
Labor Board decisions.
Meanwhile, officers of the Inde-
pendent Newspaper and Mail De-
liverers Union remained unavailable
for comment on yesterdays War
Labor Board order that the union
end its seven-day walkout without
delay" or face possible loss of retro
active pay benefits and the closed
shop arrangement.
officials of the union informed the
WLB yesterday that a membership
meeting had been called for to-
morrow afternoon to consider end
ing the strike, which has prevented
distribution of IA major newspapers.
The board said this was not "suf-
ficiently expeditions or fortnight"
Publishers Statement.
The publishers statement, out
lining the history of the dispute
with the union, follows:
Here are the facts as laid be-
Evening star., 1945-07-08
.1O2 Soldiers Execute
In Past Five Years,
Patterson Reveals
Army Court Verdiots
Subject to Review,
Official Emphasizes

Death sentences imposed by
military courts have been carried
out against 102 soldiers in the
last five years. Al after convic-
ton on charges of murder, Al
on charges of criminal assault
on women and II in cases where
both murder and criminal as
Sault were involved.
The one other execution was car.
ried out after soldier was convicted
of twice deserting in the face of the
enemy-the first soldier to be put
to death for a purely military of.
tense since the Civil War
Undersecretary of War Patterson
disclosed these figures at a new con
ference discussion of the operation
of military justice. He pointed ou
that death sentences always ar
subject to review.
mo American soldier can b.
executed until his case has been re-
viewed and the sentence approved
by the President, If the soldier is ir
the United States, or by the COM
manding general of the theater, il
the offense was committed over
seas" the UnderSecretary explained
33,519 in Confinement.
Last year approximately 18,00C
soldiers were convicted by general
courts martial, and 33,519 soldiers
now are in confinement here and
overseas under sentences of general
courts-martial.
1T should be remembered" Mr.
Patterson said, this represents the
total number from 100000 men
who have joined the Army since the
Selective Service Act was passed in
1910. 1t also includes a few still
serving under sentences prior to
1910.
Gen. Eisenhower has just re-
ported on the record of the troops
who have served in the European
theater of operations from jan
uary, 1912, when the first American
troops arrived overseas, until June
/, 1945.
I'm this period 4,182 PSI American
soldiers served in his theater. Of
this number only 10,289-or fewer
than one in 400-were sentenced to
confinement by general courts-mar-
tial"
The Army refused to identify the
man executed for deSertion.
Navy Reports No Executions.
The Navy, without going into de-
tails, reported that no Navy, Marine
Corps or Coast Guard man has been
executed by court martial order
during this war. AS of mid-April,
22,009 members of those services
were in confinement.
The rules governing the adminis-
tering of justice in the Army are
based on the Articles of War, Mr..
Patterson pointed out. There are
three kinds of military courts:
A summary court-martial consists
of one officer. 1t may not order
confinement of more than one
month or forfeiture of more than
two-thirds of months pay.
A special court-martial consists
of three or more officers. 1t may not
order confinement in excess of six
months nor forfeiture of more than
six months pay.
A general court-martial is COM
posed of five or more officers and il
1See COURT MARTIAL, Page Al. ]
Evening star., 1945-07-08
Turk Press Says Russia
Threatens 10 Seize Land
By the Associated Press.


ISTANBUL, July THE Istanbul
afternoon press gave large headlines
today to unconfirmed reports that
Russia has informed Turkey she
will seize the eastern provinces of
Kars and Artvin by force unless
Turkey surrenders them peaceably
The reports, attributed to the Paris
radio, also said that "a Russian
divisions were in the region of the
Turko- Bulgarian frontier and that
Bulgarian generals recently had
conferred in Moscow.
There were reports of fortiflcation
activities along both the Bulgarian
Greek and Turko-Bulgarian bor-
ders, but these reports also lacked
confirmation.
Turkish officials remained silent
in anticipation of a Big Three de-
cision. The Turks were hoping for
strong Anglo American backing at
the Potsdam conference.
Evening star., 1945-07-08
|Wesfbound Troops
Try 10 Commander
PuIImans, Major Says
DisheveIed Soldiers
Attempt to Board
Train at Konsos City
By the Associated Press.

BENICIA. Calf, july THE
commander of a detachment of
Italian service troops disclosed
tonight that "a ground service
air force major" whose Cali
fornia bound troops rode in day
coaches. attempted to COM
mandeer the Italians Pullman
accommodations at Kansas City
Maj. Herbert B. Mayer, military
police officer in charge of 103 Ital-
ians en- route from Fort Meade,
Md, to Benicia Arsenal said the
attempt was forestalled and the
United States Army group con-
tinued to ride in day coaches until
they reached Salt Lake City.
Mai. Mayer made his disclosure
in an Army-approved statement.
AT Kansas City," he said, after
I had my men back into the Pull
mans and was at the waiting room,
I became aware of a gathering of
the dirtiest, most wobegone looking
soldiers I have ever seen.
Wore No Neckties.
SO "a" While I was wondering,
Ground Service Air Force major,
whose own uniform was in a shock
ing state and who was wild-eyed
in his disarray, was having an argu-
ment with the military police be-
cause the MP's would not let his
men get into the crowded station
without neckties.
Maj. Mayer said he suggested to
the major that he order his men to
wash up, then give their ties to
others to pass through the gate" I"
The major responded "he was fight
ing for principle"
Later, he and some of his officers
got in a group alongside my train
and wanted to take the cars from
me. This attempt failed.
Signs Chalked on Cars.
Subsequently, alongside of their
cars we're chalked placards reading,
italian prisoners of war in Pull
mans while U. S. veterans ride in
coaches"
Maj. Mayer insisted his labor unit
did not contain prisoners of war, for
each man has taken a solemn obli-
CATION to work for and support the
interests of the United States"
From my observation Of the major
and the personnel with him, their
unkempt condition under lack of
discipline and the drunkenness that
I observed in the condition of some
of the personnel under him, I would
attribute the condition to the fault
of the commander, rather than the
Army and I suspect that he either
did not call for Pullmans or called
too late" Mai. Mayer said.
Evening star., 1945-07-08
lSiIesio Forbids Entry
Of Germans, LubIin Soys
Y the Associated Press,

By INC ASSOCldIeu FftSs.
LONDON, July 1.-THE Lublin
radio said tonight that Maj. Gen.
Zavadski, governor of the Polish
province of Silesia, had issued an
order categorically forbidding Ger
man nationals to inhabit the prov
ince.
The broadcast, recorded by the
British Ministry of Information,
said the order settled a question
which had been causing anxiety"
among Poles.
Evening star., 1945-07-08
Report on Belgrade

Newbold Noyes, jr., Star war
correspondent, has written an
interesting and informative
series of articles on conditions
in Yugoslavia. The articles
examine the prospects for a
people whose valiant fight
from underground" during
the war should assure them
the freedom with which vic
tory is associated. But does it?
What happens in Yugoslavia
may happen elsewhere in
Europe as the reorganization
for peace follows the struggles
in war.
The articles begin tomor-
row on the editorial page of
The Star. You will find them
worth reading.