davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-07-27
WAR DEMANDS

"Why is it that farmers in the
| nited States are more prosperous
in war timer"
The question is posed by commit
tee on postwar programs in the INTRO
Gluction 10 q pamphlet, WHAT Peace
Can Mean To American Farmers,
just published by the U. S. Depart
ment of Agriculture. The committee
continues:
'The answer is to be found in the
heavy demand for farm products
created through war time action by
the Federal Government and by AL
lied Government. This increased de-
maind results from % increased
consumption of food by people who
in wartime have more employment
and therefore larger incomes with
which they can make greater pur-
chases of food, GU higher per CAPT.
la consumption of food by persons
in the armed forces than in civilian
life, 60 wartime dislocation of agri-
culture and trade in other parts of
the world, with consequent decline
in foreign agricultural productions.
and ca increased shipment of food
supplies to the allies and to war dev-
astated especially to Ems
land and Russia"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-07-27
DICTATORS LEARN LESSON
FROM FREE ENTERPRISE

When the United States entered
World War IL, Germany gloried in
her belief in the invincibility of her
air power. And at first it did look
like an almost impossible task to
overcome German air superiority.
But Americans are not easily dis
couraged. We Immediately planned
airplane production to outstrip Ger
many. The air superiority which we
built might not have been so spec
tacular, however, if it had not been
for our oil industry which smashed
record after record, not only in pro-
duction, but in development of types
of gasoline that give our planes pow
err and speed whicE in the hands of
an air force beyond compare, Ger
many could not match.
Last year we heard of 1O0-octane
gasoline in terms of billions of gal
Ions, the achievement of individual
companies. More aviation gas was
produced In 1914 alone than the en-
tire production of all grades of gaso-
line during the entire period of our
participation in the last war.
The German air force was wiped
out. The American oil industry which
produced the new kind of fuel to
power the new types Of planes more
stacieptly, was Rn agency Of destruc-
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-07-27
FUEL OIL RATIONS

The Maryland State Office of Price
Administration urges all of those
who have not yet done so to imme-
diately mail in their applications for
next winters fuel oil rations 10 their
local War Price and Rationing
Boards.
Fuel oil consumers are cautioned
by the OPA that heating oil supplies
will be tight next winter and every
effort should be made to have their
storage tanks filed as soon as pos
sible.
There are approximately 100000
fuel oil users in Maryland" Donald
e. WELLER, State Fuel Rationing
Officer, said. Most Of them have sent
in renewal applications but there are
still large number yet to be receiv-
ed. Those who have not sent in their
applications should do SO at once.
Rations now are in process of being
mailed to all of those who have ap-
piled for next winters heating oil.
Fuel oil tanks in peoples homes
are an important part of the limited
storage capacity available for civilian
supply. If dealers are permitted to
fill those tanks as soon as possible,
they can tEen refill their own stor-
age tanks and, similarly the dealers
suppliers can fill up again. Thus
when severe weather hits, the job of
getting enough oil in each commun-
ity to meet the demand promptly
will have been DONE"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-07-27
"FEDERAL INDUSTRIAL
RELATIONS ACT"
BY j. Il. Jones

Washington, D. c., July 23-New
and are taking charge of what has
been too often miscalled Labor Re-
lations."
The new Secretary of Labor, Lewis
B. Sckwellenbach, is reported to have
been chosen by President Truman for
the purpose of bringing order out of
chaos in the affairs that have produc-
ed so many labor strikes and distur-
Dances in the past dozen years. Look
ing back on these labor relations"
able Mark Sullivan says that the new
movement to bring harmony between
employers and wage earners is 1.-The
aim to cure the weller of confusion
in those years when Miss Perkins as
Secretary of Labor was brushed aside
and her authority taken over by
"agency after agency outside her
Jurisdiction
Democratic Senator Hatck of New
Mexico, and Republican Senators
Burton of Ohio, and Ball of Mime
sofa, have jointly agreed on a bill
| introduced by them IN Congress, to
change the lineup with the public at
the head of the procession.
The new bill would scrap the Ma
tional Labor Relations Board. Under
| the provision of the Act proposed by
the three Senators the new Board
will provide a mediation, arbitration
and Cancellation service for all labor
controversies over wages, hours and
conditions of employment.
But more important than anything
else is the definite assertion in the
Bill that authorizes the Board: "In
| the protection of the public interest
| to require the parties employers
and unions) to accept temporarily
| a compulsory settlement of their
controversy, so as to avoid any inter
ruption to the supply of a commodity
or to a service on which the commu-
nifty affected is so dependent that Sc
we're hardships would be inflicted on
a substantial number of persons by
either a brief or prolonged depriva-
ton of such commodity or service. .
IT seems very hopeful that the pas
sage of this bill will give the Score
tary of Labor and the new Board full
authority to settle labor disputes
without the necessity of strikes OF
| threats of strikes and without inter
ference by independent boards and
commissions. Those were the princi-
pal nuisances that interrupted the
enforcement of Federal laws in re-
cent years.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-07-27
coNoWINco
POWER COMPANY
SHOTSHELL TRACERS

The English have long had out a
shotgun cartridge with tracer pei
let in the center of the charge and,
strange to say, the tracer pellet
seems to stay in tEe center of the
charge, even on the pattern beard.
can think of nothing better to teach
wing shooting than this tracer CAr-
fridge, as it shows the shooter in
stantly by the bright spot of lisht in
The center of the shot charge, wnnik-
ar he is leading enough or too much.
It also shows the drift of a strong,
wind on the shot charge and its res
sultant curve.
1t is strange that our government
didn't use these shells in large guam
titles in teaching our air force
gunners the use of the shotgun in
preliminary gunnery training. 1t is
also a most useful help in teaching
.keet or trap shooting or even duck
Shooting on wet days, but is not to
be recommended in dry brush as it
will start fires as will any other trac-
err ammunition.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-07-27
COAL INDUSTRY TELLS STORY

The people are learning more
about American industry today
through advertising in the Eewspa-
pers and magazines than ever before.
The coal industry, instead of adver-
Using coal merely as a fuel, shows
by illustration and the printed word,
the complicated processes required to
furnish the consumer with finished
products derived from coal. AS a re-
suit the people have come to know
something of the Importance of that
industry from many angles.
Valuable as coal is for heat, think
of it's inestimable value as the source
of life-saving sulfa drugs, aspirin,
antiseptics, germac4des, synthetic
vitamins, quinine, and hundreds of
medicines that are derived from it.
Thus does an industry, by telling
its story, show the interest of the
consumer in the continual progress
and expansion of the PRODUCER. New
er before did labor and capital have
so much in common in striving for
policies that will encourage contin-
ued and sustained progress in pro-
ducing industries. Coal production
is largely labor, hence scientific de-
velopments that enlarge the market
for coal, are essential to the future
of both the worker and the investor
The coal industry is building solid
future on a diversity of public SER
vices.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-07-27
THE SUGAR SHORTAGE AND
HEALTH

The present shortage of cane sugar
need not affect our health adversely,
according to DR.. R. H. Riley, Direc-
tor of the State Department of
Health. Sugar is natural part of
fruits and some vegetables and can
be obtained from these sources.
In support of this point of view DR..
Riley cited this recent statement by
the Nutritionist of the Department:
"a lack of refined cane sugar may
actually be an advantage nutrition
ally. BY taking sugar in the form of
fruits and vegetables natural vita
Minis and minerals are also obtained,
which is not true when white sugar
alone is consumed.
Suitable substitutes for sugar are
corn syrup, honey and molasses-
forms of sugar that may be used in
preparing sweet dishes. Molasses,
too, provides iron for making red
blood and also some of the calcium
necessary for building strong bones
and teeth.
"In canning. corn syrup or honey
may replace as much as one half the
amount of sugar. Juicy fruits, as
berries, cherries, plums and peaches,
may be canned without sugar if they
are cooked in their own juice, or if
enough water is added to keep them
from sticking to the pan.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-07-27
MEDICAL STRIDES MADE IN WAR
WILL EASE FUTURE SUFFERING

Millions of persons now living and
billions as yet unborn will find their
sufferings-both physical and mental
-eased because of the tremendous
strides made by medical science dur
ing this war.
AS a result of the giant strides
made in the field of plastic surgery
alone, peacetime injuries which for
merly disfigured persons permanent
ly and psychologically destroyed
their lives, will lose their terrors, ac-
cording to an article Architects of
the Body" by Albert @. Maisel, in
Cosmopolitan magazine.
"In the last war we had plastic
surgery, too" lie states. "But it was
struggling, infant art-a branch
of sugrery which could never guaran-
tee the results of even its simplest
operations. Today the pioneers of
twenty five years ago would be amaz-
ed to see the results many Of their
disciples are achieving"
So tremendous has been the exDan-
sion in the field of reparative s.r-
gerry that the term plastic surgery"
covers only small portion OF the
field, according to the writer.
Surgeons have gone far beyond
tie mere re-molding of distorted Tea
lures, wonderful as that may be. To-
day they are successfully transplant
ing nerves, skin, parts of the eye,
cartilage, bone and even, believe it
or not, limbs" he states.
"They are giving the wounded of
this war much more than hope. To
most casualties they are giving the
right to expect a return to normal
human existence as an acceptable,
good-looking member of the commu-
nifty"
While the immediate objective of
our front-line military physicians is
to preserve life and guarantee our
fighting men a return to civilian life
unrestricted by injuries and unmark-
ed by ugly scars, the longtime result
of tkeir achievements will be not
only the prolongation of human life
but the virtual certainty that the in
juries suffered in peacetime accidents
such as burns or smashups, will be
erased through the same techniques
that have been perfected under fire
in this war.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-07-27
RAINS CAUSE SEVERE SOIL
LOSSES

The recent heavy rains have caus-
ed considerable damage to both crops
and crop fields. The crops san be re-
placed another year, but the damage
done to fields through soil erosion is
almost a permanent loss to teh far
mer and to the community. Drive
out on any road and you will see mud
lodged over the highways and pas
lures. That means but one thing,
some farmer has lost tkat soil.
Look over the field and you will
see where THAT soil came from. Usual
ly you will see the field streaked with
gullies. In those gullies not only the
top soil is gone but the plants and
crops in its path are also gone.
Then there is another type of ero-
sion which is less noticeable but just
as costly, that is sheet erosion. Again
look over the field and you will see
each small stone stonding on a peds-
tai of ground. The ground around
the stone was taken down the hill
and lost from the farm.
When you buy farm, what part
of the farm do you intend to use?
You live in the buildings and house
the cattle and crops in the barn,
but your chief investment lies in
the upper or 10 inches of top soil.
From that or 10 inches of top soil
you receive your income, regardless
of your type of farming. When that
s or 10 incres of top soil is gone,
your investment is gone. 1t has been
proved that poor soils make poor
people and poor communities.
All these annoyances through soil
erosion, that is, working around
gullies, the loss of fertilizer and ma
nure, poor crop yields. and the loss
of crops either by washing out or by
being covered with silt, can be avoid
ed by using few simple control
measures plus few changes in farm
management.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-07-27
SAFETY SUGGESTIONS FOR
FARM SAFETY WEEK

Seventeen thousand members OF
farm families are killed every year,
and 100000 are injured, according
to ]. R. Ward, Extension agricultural
engineering specialist at the Unlver-
sity of Maryland. Most OF those accl-
dents were caused by carelessness
and could have been prevented. And
they will be prevented in the future,
he added, if rural families will prac-
tice the suggestions emphasized dur
ing National Farm Safety Week,
July % to 20, and correct the haz-
ards to safety which exist on their
farms
1t is particularly important to
check uIp on the condition and use OF
farm machinery and tools, and on
the handling of animals, as those
two factors are the chief cause OF
farm work accidents, Ward pointed
out. Farm workers should always re-
member to stop their farm machinery
completely before adjusting or re-
fueling, and to keep guards in place
on power shafts, belts, and chains TO
avoid being caught in them In add1-
ton, they should avoid wearing torn,
loose-fitting clothing or torn, ragged
gloves around moving machinery.
Tractors cause number of accidents
every year. Farmers should be sure
that the tractor is out of gear with
the brake set before attempting to
crank it. They should start the trac-
tor off smoothly, and keep its speed
to four and a half miles per hour for
off-the-road operations. They should
also avoid operating tractors on dan
gerous inclines or near treacherous
banks.
Ward warned farm workers to ap-
proach horses and mules from the
side and speak to them before enter
ing their stalls to avoid startling
them; also to use great care in hand
ling animals with newborn young
and bulls, boars and rams are always
securely penned.
Other safety pointers which Ward
outlined included: repairing loose
boards and keeling stairs and pas
sageways free of rubbish to prevent
tripping; storing gasoline and Other
explosive or inflammable materials
at safe distance from farm build
ings; keeping fire fighting equipment
on hand and in disable condition; and
taking time and patience to train in
experienced farm workers.
Finally, Ward concluded. since
good health is fundamental to safety
practices, farm people should exer-
else common sense while working III
the fields. They should avoid over
exposure to the sun, wear appro-
pirate clothing and refrain from
drinking iced drinks while overhead
ed.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-07-27
More skiIls For More People

When future historians attempt to
determine which of Americas "secret
weapons" contributed most to the
winning of World War III, they may
not be far wrong if they nominate
the nations inherent mechanical tai
ents and it's ability to tool up for new
assignments. Mass production" is
what home people call it, But they
forget that mass production is pos
sible only in nation of people who
have the knack of working with tools
and machines.
America must cling to this pre-
cious attribute. II we are to be strong
enough to help enforce the peace, we
must continue to develop a vast pool
of individual skills and technical
know-how, which can, if necessary,
be converted instantly to war pur-
poses.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-07-27
We Are Ready

The daughter of Woodrow Wilson
has told reporter about a state
ment by her father on his death bed,
in which the great President said
that "it was right that the United
States did not join the League of
Nations. . it would have been a
great personal victory. But it
would not have worked, because
deep in their hearts the American
people did not really believe in it"
The statement by Mrs. Eleanor
Wilson McAdoo is important because
it brings to the surface the present
day challenge: Do the American peo-
pie believe in the plan before the
United Nations, debated and consid-
cred at San Francisco? The answer
is very definite and clear.
The American people were not
ready to be shackled by rules impos-
ed upon them by Britain, France and
Italy in the days of Woodrow Wilson.
The situation is entirely different
today because tke United Nations
have practically completed their
agreements Most of the major diff
ferences are being ironed out and
Germany as well as Japan will not
be allowed to resume any prepare
tons for another war
There is an old saying that "a
stitch in time saves nine" We've
taken the nine stitches in company
with forty-nine or more Nations, and
now we are ready to face the respon-
sibilities of the future and preserve
permanent peace.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-07-27

TIE American Bible Society tells
of group of seven American fiiers,
forced down on Pacific isle, and
converted by the natives. Long ago
a missinary had left them a Iible.
But they could not read the book, the
Americans must read and explain it
to them. Each night for nearly three
months, while the fliers were ma
rooned, the 200 natives brought their
Bible, and around the camp fire the
fliers took turns reading what to
them had been an almost unexplored
book. Then they sang gospel songs
and had prayer. Today these seven
Americans are processing Christians,
interested in missions, and grateful
to the islanders who asked them to
read the Bible.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-07-27
AN OPEN LETTER
Rising Sun, Md.
J1Ilv II 1945

Hon. Willard E. Tydings
U. S. Senator
Washington, D. G.
Dear Sir:
l received our Rations Stamps for
home canning yesterday, 16 lbs. OF
sugar for home canning of two.
Home fruit will gi to waste fir lack
of sugar, and we will, have to buy
But plenty of sugar to make whiskey
that sells for $3.50 per pint, fo.
drunks.
A few years ago our Administra-
ton killed little pigs, now we have Il
meat shortage. Ii plowed under cot
ton, now we have coctton famine.
Cotton cloth which sold few years
ago at or 10 cents yard, now 81,
with women making dresses out of
feed bags. Now no sugar to can the
fruit needed for our civilian popula-
ton who have fed and clothed the
world. How long can you work a
horse on half feed? Does this apply
| to humanity?
Now with no help on the farm,
which is the base of all industry, this
Administration is planning to place
| the minimum wage at 65 cents per
hour, for an eight hour day, which
no farmer can follow because the
old cow refuses to be MIXED once
eight hours apart, next time sixteen
hours, so the minimum day on the
o. &- IN, NJ fNu0 1yY1
hours, allowing two hours for meals,
| ten hours day, or $3.50, or $4,000
per year.
Who could pay it? 1t woul dtake
the entire wheat and corn crops on a
| 15O-acre farm, at the present price:
to pay one hand. How could the far,
mer feed and clothe his family, paw
| taxes, insurance, fertilizer bills, buy
| new machinery when the old wears
out, on what was left, and many
other expenses too numerous tc
mention.
1t is clearly evident what the past
legislation has done, and what it has
failed to do this bill will accomplish
On top of this, this Administra-
1
ton is planning jobs for 60 million
with no keip for the farmer. and oul
$4,000 a year beauties have in
creased their salaries $4,000 a yeal
for the magnificent job they have
done. Why did they not make il
$4,000 instead of $4,000?
There is God in heaven who sees
the acts of men, who 5000 years age
had his servant, Joel, to write: Put
in the sickle, for the harvest is ripe
Joel, tkeir wickedness is great"
MI. Tydings, you seem TO be the
leading farmers friend in Congress
if the farmer has any friends there
! Who caused the world conditions as
they are? Did the man in overallS
cause it, who has built every city
every bank, every sl.yscrapor, ant
every country home, and provided
the food and raiment for the people
to wear, or the white collar man who
wears the finest of clothes, rides ir
the finest automobiles, lives in the
| finest homes, and does no manua
work, yet he controls the wealth OF
the world?
Think it over, Mr.. Tydings.
Respectfully submitted,
| c. A. HutchenS
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-07-27

ton the Germans had not reckoned
with. And Japan will learn to her
sorrow the meaning OF American gas
oline and plane production.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-07-27

Careful, timid and discreet man:
A former reckless fighter who has
accumulated q lot OF dependents,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-07-27

Waiter is robbed twice in an hour.
Somebody should have given him a
tip.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-06-05
Tobacco In Lumberton
Area Making Progress,
Good Crop Is Expected

LuMBERTON, June 4-Although
there has been some hail in the
territory, tobacco in the Lumber
ton area is making good progress
in the field, with excellent grow
ing weather reported from all sec
tons of the territory, according
to Jasper G. Hutto, Supervisor OF
the Lumberton Tobacco Market.
The Supervisor has just issued the
sixth semi-monthly crop condition
report of the season.
"The nights continue cool for
the time of year, but the warm
sunshine of each day pushes the
plants to rapid growth, the re-
port says. Some scattered re-
ports indicate there is tendency
to "buttoning out and blooming
too low
The report states further that
most farmers would welcome some
slow. warm rains, and that there
are a good number of new barns
being built in the territory, but that
most of these are requirements or
have been built to take care OF
long need.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-06-05
KENNEDY LANDS
AT u. S. PORT

NEW YORK, June 4-tR-Ed-
ward Kennedy, Associated Press
correspondent who filed the story
of the German surrender day
before it was officially announc-
ed by the Allies, was among pas
sengers on the U. S. S. General
Gordon which locked here today
with 1,4O5 liberated American prls-
oners of war.
Kennedy was asked by re- ort-
ers at the pier if he had broken
confidence in sending his story.
my only pledge vas not to
break the story until after. the sur
render was signed" he said.
When asked if he would do the
same thing again, he replied:
eve said it before. 1 would 40
it again. The war was over. There
was no military security involved
and the people had a right to
know"
Asked whether he thought that
in sending the story he was scor-
ing a news beat, Kennedy said,
81 was doing what l considered
my job and was not interested in
whether or not / had beat
AS for other reporters who sign
ed letter of protest to Gen. Eisen-
hover about the story, the AP
said:
ASK them that. But was con-
graduated by several and some of
them told me they were sorry they
signed the letter"