davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21

and standard-bearers in Austria.
This was not different that the
situation in other German-speaking
territories-with the exception or
Switzerland.
over and above that following
which any new philosophic idea
or aliegedly new doctrine-usually
gains Tor itself II presented force
fully ski'lfully and unscrupulously,
it is fact that the Austrian econ
omic terrain was particularly fer.
tile tOT experiments because Of
increasing unemployment and all
the ills that accompany IL.
The magnetic power of National
Socialism was great, the Auto
bahans (super.highways) were
constructed, factory after factory
opened its gates to absorb labor.
Unemr loyment seemed 90 have
found miraculous solution. Wkat
and munger paid little heed 10 the
mild criticism OF the OUTSIDE world
which elected to look on-And wait.
By Dramatically sealing her from.
tiers TO Austrian trade. Hitler sys.
tematically Choked Austria. In
white war which began in 1883
And the frs adherents of National
Socialism were the thousands upon
thousand OF farmers and small
trades people who from their bord.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21

cr.line homes could not resist the
German economic boom
Austria fought a losing fight from
, the start Politically she had be
hind ner essentially nothing only
an imperfect guarantee of a very
clumsy League of Nations. Econ.
omically she struggled in vain.
backed by economic and political
security treaties with Italy and
Hungary These we're definitely
not enough.
II must not be wondered. there
fore. that In the face of this sad
state Of affairs and the cheap pro
pagande that blared forth from
Goebbels machine. the number Of
Austriars who finally joined Ma.
tiondl Socialist ranks swelled CON
siderably They promised them.
selves salvation from misery the
solution ~ their economic dificul-
ties
There may be many OF the yorth
OF thar time who thought and did
things that cannot be excused or
defended that can be explained
only as a phenomenon Of mass hyp-
noisis They have grown older
in the meantime and most Of them
have already paid bitterly for the
lesson learned the hard way
There certainly were many who.
all ~ y sudden. became alderman
and this had not been taught them
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21

in the cradle They were driven to
this shareful and criminal behav.
Jour simply by desire to keep
their herds above water in situa.
ton which to them appeared lost.
Neither the Austrian peasants or
workers nor those conservatives
who kept on being Austrian de
spite prosecutions and to be in any
way identified with the guilty.
II is rather q sizeable layer Of the
so-called middle-Classes-of free
businessmen and professional men
who thought themselves too
clever but were in reality too short.
sighted who are to be numbered
among the culprits and, today, they
are aGtonished>that the day Of reck-
oninP does not spare them
In the re-ordering of Austria it ~
simply impossible 10 begin where
We had left off. perforce. in March
1885 Too much had happened IN
the meantime. There are COM
plete new national problems and
they must be solved by brand new
ideas. new plans. new men
II Is an error for Austrians To
lean too heavily on the Allied Com
mission They must put In untir-
ing effort. patience and perseyer.
ance tc remake their nation
themselves.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
.Goodfellows
Officers

Goodfellows at their annual meet.
ing Tuesday elected Jack Shepherd
president. Glenn Ridenour. vice
president, and George c. Handy,
secretary.treasurer. to serve during
the coming year. Programs for two
Homecoming parties Dec. L. for re-
turning service men and their
wives and December 20 for Riddles.
were approved.
II was pointed out that all ex-
service men as well as men not yet
discharged, who are in Ypsilanti on
furlough or leave are invited to be
present for the party. Wives OF
men still in the service are also
expected to be present. A program
Of community singing, dancing and
pictures is expected to provide a
wide variety OF entertainment. Both
parties will be at the Ypsilanti High
School
Committee chairmen for the
Homecoming party are general
chairman Glenn Ridenour: co-chair-
man, Rev. Gordon Speer: refresh
ments. Matt Max. music. DIN c.
Eckley; pictures. Dan T. Quirk:
and decorations. Gerald Mead.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
Naziis Plead
Not Guilty

Nuremberg. Nov 21-AP- Ger
many's faded wartime leaders en-.
tered pleas of innocence today to
charges that they unleashed the
bloOdtath which engulfed the
world, and heard L. S. Chief Pro
secutol Justice Robert H. Jackson
promise in opening remarks to the
court that they would be convict.
ed by their own meticulously kept
records.
s.The only hope for the Nazi lead
ers, Jackson declared. could be
based upon whether international
law is so laggard as to be far be.
hind mankind's moral sense.
y One by one the 20 Nazi war lords
stepped before the four-power in
ternal tribunal to enter their pleas.
Hitier's henchmen and their main
defense prop Knocked from under
them when the high court abrupt.
ly denied their claims that they
could no be tried for war guilt un-
der existing international law.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
Killers Method Effective
STORY OF AUSTRIA'S BETRAYAL

By DIR KURT SCHUSCHNlGG
Last chancellor of Austria be.
fore the Nazi anschluss.
(Nritten exclusively for Inter.
national News Special Service.
World Copyright by International
News Service. Reproduction in
whole o part strictly prohibited
Capt., Nov Pins There was
a time, not SO long ago, when Aus
trian' was the leading world fash,
ion, when people wore clothes "a la
TyrOlenne' and went religiously
TO Salzburg festivals in the SUM
mer.
The fad persisted even while
Austria was threatened with az
gression by her nearest kin.
And she was helpless primarily
because despite all International
protesiations Of friendship ana
sympathy and despite formal
League Of Nations guarantees she
stood, in reality, completely isolat-
ed
III an objective Judgment Is 10
be rendered, II is necessary TO 20
back e the Austrian scene which
set the stage for the 1898 plebiscite.
National socialism as a political
doctrine. even more rs a philosophy
and rnconfessed substitute for re.
Ecion, had a numerically not small
congregation around its prophets
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
Township Asked
to Change Zones

Two petitions were presented IN
the lpsilanu Township Board. in
their regular meeting Tuesday eve
ming for more area in the township
10 be classified as industrial and
business
- A township civic League spOkes.
man appeared al the meeting fav
oring the approval Of a least one
of the petitions, concerning and
on East Michigan avenue. and in
the vicinity Of EcOrse Rd,
The petitions were turned over
10 the planning commission for
further study
An application for n chicken coup
in "B" residential area was re
jected by the board in the meeting.
other work Of the evening was the
appointment of township Super
visor Otis Tooze and j. Don Law
renee as building code committee
members.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
TOTO Faces
War Crimes
Trial Dec. |


Tokyo, Nov 2l-UP- Japan's
top war criminals, headed by Pearl
Harb," Premier Gen. IIideko To o
will be brought to trial in Tokyo
on or abou, Dec. I, Gen. Douglas
Mac Arthur's Headquarters dis
closed today.
Col Alya c Carpenter. chief Of
MacArthur's legal section. revealed
that TOTO and all the surviving
Japanese war lords responsible for
the sneaI attack on Pearl Harbor
will he tried by an American court
here
He indicated that TOTO may he
the first to stand trial, although
the exact order of the defendants
has not yet been determined
Carpenter, who has Just return.
ed from the Manila trial of Gen.
Iomoy uki Yamashita. said the To.
kyo tribunal will convene as soon
as possible after the arrival Of 10.
seph !. Keenan,, the chief Ameri
can prosecutor.
CARPENTER said the exact date Of
the trial and the order in which
the Japanese war lords are to he
prosecuted will be announced after
he confers with Keenan,.
tie pointed out however. that the
prosecution could not he held IN
much lol ger and that Macarthur
vas prepared 20 start with the
small fry In the event that II Is
impossible 10 arraien Toto and
the other major japanese criminals
by Dec.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
Fifteen on
Honor Roll

Fifteen retail firms now enjoy
the distinction Of being on the Vic.
tory Bond Honor Roll They are
Weinmaun Matthews Co tMichi-
gan Ave. store1. Hayward's Cloth
ing store and Richardson Pharm-
acy.
Those previously listed are Mo
ray, Dixie shop. Sleep Shop, Fam
lily Department store. Hardy Mil
linery, Walker Furniture Store.
Family Radio Shop. Webb and
Mars, Smith Furniture Co. Mack
and Mack. Apparel shop. Wnlouch
by Bros. The goal OF each retail
store is $500 per employe
Edward Streicher and George
Becker, co-chairman Of the Victory
Bond drive in industrial plants re-
ported today that while prog ess
is slow, they believe they viii
reach their quota of $4,000 Two
firms have already signed up
enough payroll reductions to meet
their quota: Streicher Die and Tool
CO. Riverside Mfg. Co. formerly
the Huron Foundry and Mfg Co
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21

Washington, Nov 2l-AP-Adm
William ID. Leahy has told a con
gressional Pearl Harbor investiga
| tor he has no recollection that
| Presto, mt Roosevelt ever said il
was doubtful the United States
would tight if the Japanese attack
ed the Philippines.
Disclosing that Leahy had made
this statement to him. Rep. John
w Murphy (D-Pa.) told reporter
today he plans to re-eXamine Adm.
]. o. Richardson, former command.
er in chief of the fleet, about a
White House luncheon converse
ton with the late President on
Oct. : 1910.
Leahy, who was Mr. Roosevelt's
wartime military adviser and was
present at the luncheon IA months
before this country was plunged
into war, was called TO testify be-
fore the Senate.House lnvestiEat.
ing committee after it finishes hear
ing Richardson today,
In his report of the Oct. S, 1870
White House conversation Richard.
son testified earlier he asked Mr..
Roosevelt II this country was 60
ing to enter the war. He para.
phrased the Presidents reply as
follows:
He replied that II the Japanese
attacked Thailand, or the Kra Pen
insular or the Dutch East indies
we would no: enter the war, that
if they even attacked the Philip
pines he doubted whether we would
enter the war, but that they could
not always avoid making mistakes
and that as the war continued and
the area OF operations expanded
sooner or later they would make
mistake and We would enter the
war"
Senator Ferguson (R-Mich) pre-
pared TO continue, meanwhile, his
cross-examination of Richardson.
Ferguson and Senator Brewster
Of Maine, the other Republican
Senate member OF the committee,
were prevented by a Senate recess
from replying today TO conten'
ton jy Senator Tunnel D-Del)
that they are gentlemen in Dor
rowed kimonos' acting as apollo
gists for Japan
Tunnel made the assertion In
Senate speech late yesterday az
ter asserting the two Republican
member. from that chamber were
trying to "smirch the memory" OF
Mr. Roosevelt
Bef re tn outburst on the Sen.
ate fiour. Richardson had provided
the committee with some dramatic
testimony. Among the high points,
J. Richardson said President
Roosevelt suggested in October.
1870, the establishment OF ship pa.
troll liLe' from Hawaii TO Asia TO
cut on Japanese trade with the
America II the Japs moved against
the british because Of the opening
of the Burma Road The witness
said he was amazed" at the pro-
posed and opposed it because he
felt il meant war for which the
fleet was not prepared.
>. Richardson expressed the
opinion that i'm the same month Dr.
Stanley X. Hornbeck, State De-
partment adviser was exerting a
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
Congress Today
(By Associated Press
Senatn


House Pearl Harbor Invesitgat.
ing Committee hears further testi.
mOny by Admiral J. O. Richardson,
and from Admiral William D. Lea
by
In recess until Friday.
Education and Labor Committee
considers at closed session bill 10
grant federal aid TO education.
House
Routine session.
Foreign Affairs Committee hears
AFL and ClO witnesses testify on
bill to give UNRRA another 1880.
600 600.
Rules Committee meets % decide
whether to send anti-strike bill 10
House floor for vote.
Military Committee calls nr. X
T. Compton OF Massachusetts lnsti.
tute Of Technology for views on
universal military training.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
OF
Japan Backed

Gen, MacArthur's headquarters
struck back once again today at
critics of the Japanese occupation
program.
Spokesman on this occasion was
Maj Gen. Charles A. Willoughby.
Gen. MacArthur's chief intelligence
officer -i-t
Willoughby termed the occupa
ton brilliant" operation. He
said he made his statement in an.
swer to criticism from what he
called Obscure forces.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
Yannashita
Kindly Chief

Manila Up Gen Tokoyumi
lamashita was described by his
chief Of stan. It. Gen. Akiro Muto
today as a kindly commander who
never condoned any atrocities in
the Philippines and who. in fact.
ordered that prisoners OF war be
well-troated
Mulo was the first witness call
ed as the defense began its at
tempt TO prove Yamashita limo.
cent a. a 123count indictment as
war criminal
Chief Defense Counsel Harry +.
Clarke Of Altoona, Pa. declared
the defense would prove that va
mashita commanded less than half
Of IN" troops in the Philippines
and that he never ordered his men
TO commit atrocities
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21

~ III ~AA+'+ Va erN'AAAt 80 80 ~ w.
succeeded by General of the Army
Dwight d Eisenhower, So
Fleet Admiral Ernest J. King,
who will be 81 Friday, retires as
chief Of Naval operations, and Fleet
Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, so.
takes his place.
S-~Gen. Joseph r McNarney, ..
who recently was acting allied su.
preme commander in the Mediter-
ranean theater, succeeds Eisenhow
er as command'NE general OF tho
American forces in the European
theater commander in chief OF the
L. S. occupation forces in Germany,
and L. s. representative on tn Al.
lied Control Council OF Germany.
Adm. Raymond A SpruanCC.
who has been described by asso-
GATES as a "cold-blooded fighting
fool" becomes commanderin -chief
Of the Pacific fleet in place of
Nimitz. He is 50
The shifts were announced at a
late afternoon news conference
yesterday Mr.. Truman said Gen.
Brehon Somervell, commander of
the Army Service Forces. and Gen
eral OF the Army Henry II. Arnold.
chief Of the Army Air Forces, had
asked to be relieved, too. but he
had not consented 10 their retire
ment at this time.
He said both Marshall and King
had sought retirement after Japan
surrendered but that he had pre-.
vailed on them to stay until now.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
Leahy Cannot Recall T. ID. r.
Statement to Richardson

greater influence over the disposi.
tion OF the fleet than was" Horn.
beck now is ambassador to the
Netherlands.
3, Richardson testified that Ad-
miral Lefhy advised against send
ing anv additional ships to the
AsiatIc Fleet, contending that any
dispatched there would be lost if
war came.
4 Secretary Hull told the wit.
ness in July. 1910, he said, that we
should take very strong position
and that retention OF the fleet in
Hawaii was reflection of that
strong attitude"
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
Truman May
Intervene IN


Washington, Nov 21-AP-A pro-
posal that President Truman inter
vene in the labor-management con.
ference to hasten it's seemingly
slow progress was reported today
Persons concerned over what they
consider the failure Of delegates to
grapple effectively with major
problems Of labor unrest have sug-
Gested that Mr.. Truman deliver to
the conference a yard stick" of
the work he expects Of 1t.
This was reported by two public
officials well posted on conference
affairs, but both unwilling to be
quoted by name.
One said the suggestion already
had been taken up with Mr. Tru-
man. but neither wanted to guess
whether the President might de.
eide TO step in.
Behind the plan was this argu-
ment:
That in calling the conference
Mr. Truman desired some some
voluntary agreement on means of
minimizing labor disputes which
would make ii unnecessary to call
on Congress for restrictive labor
laws.
That II Is time-after more than
two weeks of meetings-for the
industry and union delegates to he
told what steps must be taken 10
render action by Con, sress unneces-
eaJY. s-s fsrs7ss
That lack Of such concrete
achievements might leave open the
way for industrial upheavals which
could submerge any long-range APP
proaches to labor-management un-
Outstanding.
The Presidents advis were
said to be divided on Ile idea.
Those favoring his Intervention
were perhaps out-numbered, it was
said. by those who felt the govern
ment should let industry and labor
leaders run the conference them
selves.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
BOY RAN OVER
BY TWO CARS

Detroit ms Five year old
Ralph Dillaha, OF BEDFORD Town.
ship, was in critical condition In
Wayne General Hospital today af-
ter being run over by two cars at
Levern and Plymouth roads last
night Police held Richard Wall,
man. %. OF Liyonia Township, driv-
81 Of the first car. The second
driver, Arthur Millin. 60 was re.
leased
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
BELLM's PLEA REJECTED

Pontiac. Mich, Nov 21 MS
Edward Belm. accused Of the muir
der Of Mrs. Alberta Young. was
back in his Oakland County Jail
cell today after his plea for bail
was denied in the courtroom of Jus.
tice Luther {. Green Of Rochester.
Bellm's attorney, Louis J. Colombo.
Jr. bitterly opposed the adjourn
ment OF his examination until next
Tuesday. He charged the prosecu-
ton was stalling.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
APPOINTED JUDGE

Lansing AP Harry d Board
man Of Jackson, former prescott.
ing attorney and assistant attor-
ney general. was appointed by Gov
ernor Kelly today TO be Judge Of
the fourth judicial circuit. succeed
ing circuit Judge BENJAMIN VIII
liams. who resigned Sept. 70.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21

. the unions first such blow al GEN
era Motors since the sit-dowp
stoke Of 1887. began hctore II a.
m eastern STANDARD 1me)
All GINS plants i'm % states. ON
ployng close 10 soo.G09 production
workers, were ordered out in the
long threatened battle between
Americas largest labor union and
largest operating corporation.
The first reported walkout ~ au
individual plant was at Flint Mich.
where employees left work at the
Buick Motors plant Nearly all
had left the plant by lO:45 a. m.
Bucks force had been reduced
temporarily from les original esri-
mated 5000 by a shortage of chas.
sis frames which had stopped the
production Of Buick cars several
days age.
The l'AW-CIO's strike order Of
T last night, which followed vain Ell
forts over a tWo.mOnth period 10
settle the unions demand for
30 per cent wage rate increase, Al
fecteu directly by company esti-
mate 10000 production employees.
Offices OF General Motors said
100000 persons now are employed,
with the 10000 covered by UAW-
ClO contracts. Another $4,000, the
company said, are members OF 9th.
er unions. There are 1880 salar-
led Office employees.
At the wartime peak General
Motors employed IN excess OF 400
900 persons
General Motors Corp. plants m
20 states were affected by last
night strike order OF the CLOS
Uniteu Automobile Workers Union.
GM employees were directed by
union leaders to report for wOr-
as usual this morning and await
the hour designated by the strategy
committee before leaving Their
Jobs
The decision to strike followed
two months OF Ruthless negoti.-
tions on the I'AW-CIO's 80 per
cent wage increase demands, unioN
rejection OF three company counter
proposals and General Motors d.
lay In replying 10 union proposal
for arbitration OF the dispute
Though the cOmpany's operations
are centered in Detroit. nearly
score OF GIN units play an import
ant part in the industrial lives ~
six ont state Michigan cities.
At Flint are located the big
Buick Motors, Chevrolet, &C Spar,
Plug and Fisher Body divisions
Pontiac has the GIN truck and
coach, a Fisher Body and Pontiac
Motors plants. two gear plants. q
malleable iron plant. Chevrolet
transmission, Chevrolet service
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21

SlNGAPORE-INS - Near-par-
alysis OF economic activity in the
Dutch East Indies Island OF Suma.
ira a. result OF extremist terror
ism and Japanese opening Of pri-
sons there was reported today at
Singapore. japanese action in
opening he prisons following the
Nipponese surrender brought about
the collapse OF law and order, the
reports continued.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
HEADS CITY LEAGUE

Ann Arhor. Mich Nov. 81 John
II HU~s. of Ann Arhor. will serve
a. acting director of the Michigan
Municipal League for the remain
der or the year. Herbert A. Olson
resigned several months ago to
Join the public Administration Ser.
vice
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
U. S. WEATHER FORECAST

Lower Michltan-Much colder 70
night and Thursday. Snow in
north and central portions ending
tonight Occasional snow flurries
Thursday.
Highest temperature yesterday,
IS: lowest, 2S Highest tempera-
ture one year ago today. 40: lowest.
IS. Highest temperature this date
in las q years, 81 in 1913; lowest.
3 i'm 1850
The sun sets today at 500 and
rises Thursday at 1:31. The moon
rises today at 7-07 p m. and sets
Thursday at S:i7 a. m.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
AL DAVIS SHOT

New York A man identified by
police as Al Dummy Davis. 26.
yearold former contender for the
worlds lightweight and weller.
weigh. boxing titles, was shot TO
death outside Brooklyn tavern
early today The assistant chief
inspectors office said Davis was
trying to stop FOUR men who robbed
he tavern
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
g. EMPLOYEES STRIKING
Eisenhower Minitz
Replace Marshall
King in Shakeup

Washington, Nov. 21-AP-The Army and Navy under
went major shift in top commands today in the midst Of
an inter-servce scrap proposals to merge them
President Truman announced the biggest shake-up in the
defense departments since before the with these four
changes
General of the ARMY George MARSHALL Ga year old
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
Flashes of
Late News

NEW YORK-lNS-A French de-
mand for immediate closing OF all
blast furnaces in the Ruhr and
transfer OF the fuel from German
mills 10 French iron and steel
forges was reported today,
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21

WASHINGTON - AP - ODT
counted today on its order for a
heavy slash in civilian air travel 20
forestGll any further requisitioning
of rain Dad sleeping cars for return
ing veterans. Despite a War De
partmen request a high official Of
the Office OF Defense Transports
ton asserted the agency has no
present plans to divert additional
Pullman cars to the rehabilitation
pool
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21

NEW YoRk-lNS- Agree
msnt between American and
Russian oeeupational author
tiles in Germany on the subject
Of permitting Allied and So
Wet journalists TO travel be.
tween their respeetiee zones
was reported today.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-11-21
Wdlkout Begins
in Flint, Ahead
of Go Schedule

Detroit Nov 21-AP-The CLOS United Auto Workers
Union struck the plants of General Motors Corp today in
walkout aimed at gripping the gigantic producer order
to force 30 per cent boost The strike first
big authorized peacetime Walkout Of the UAM-CIO and