davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-01-16

@. Who Is the author of the say
ing, "Labour to keep alive in your
breast that little spark of celestial
fire-conscience"?-S. S.
A. This is a rule from the copy
book of George Washington used
when he was a schoolboy.
Evening star., 1945-01-16
Demand for PIasma
Liqht on Luzon

Due to light opposition" by the
Japanese when Americans landed
at Lingayen Gulf beachhead on
Luzon Island, the use Of blood
plasma was lighter than expected" !"
according to cable advices received
by the American Red Cross from
Lewis H. Bowen, Red Cross ON
cial with the 9Th Army.
The supply Of plasma landed with
the Medical Selection Company,
commanded by Charles Fisher of
Santa Cruz, Calf, the cable said,
was enough for 30 days supply.
Four Red Cross field men landed
with troops on the beachhead and
Evening star., 1945-01-16
Hebrew Brotherhood
To Heur R. l. QBrien

Robert Lincoln O'Brien, who was
personal secretary to President
Cleveland and for many years editor
Of the Boston Herald, will address
the Brotherhood of the Washington
Hebrew Congregation in the vestry
of the temple, Eighth and I streets
NV, at $3.50 pm. tomorrow.
Mr.. O'Brien will discuss wash
ington and the White House, Past
and Present" Also featured on the
program will be a musical portrait,
"The Life of Debussy," presented by
Mrs. Clara Baum and Miss Betty
Baum.
Evening star., 1945-01-16

were serving coffee. and snacks from
. canteen IS troops began opera
tions to expand the beachhead, Mr..
Bowen reported.
Within the next 48 hours an
additional 16 field men with loaded
motor vehicles landed along the Is
mile beachhead.
Due to slight opposition facing
the infantry, four of these men
Evening star., 1945-01-16
On the Other Hand
Plans Fashioned for Registration
Of Women as Manpower Solution

receive great favor among those
who have the problem to meet. They
say if women are to be registered
there must be clear understand
ing as to what those who are later
drafted are to be used for, and no
delay permitted insthe operation OF
the draft itself.
Evening star., 1945-01-16

moved rapidly inland, with their
regiments, and one Of them, Ray
Throsher. formerly with the Ala
bama Power Co., opened a canteen
serving hot coffee in q former Phil
ippine roadside stand. Troops
marching by were reported as hav-
ing expressed amazement at seeing
Red Cross operations there so soon
after the amphibious landing.
Evening star., 1945-01-16

given to the pro-
posal to register
W o m e n. Mrs.
Roosevelt Is not
the only person
in Washington
W no believes
this should be
done. The con-
tinued failure to
recruit the'num-
ber wanted for
the WACS, the
w AV E S and,
most desperate
ly, for the nurs-
ing services, plus
the need for
Evening star., 1945-01-16
BY THE HASKIN SERVICE.


@. How large is the native born
population of Washington, D. Co.
e. L. H.
A. In the 1910 census, the native
born living in the District Of Co.
lumbia numbered 220,065, or about
one-third of the total population.
Q. Why are men who treat dis
eases of animals called veterinar-
ians?-L. E. c.
A. The word Is Latin in deriva-
ton. "Veterinarius" means "of or
pertaining to beast Of burden"
@. Does waxing the heels and toes
prolong stocking wear?-E. r. P.
A. Laboratory tests by textile
specialists of the United States De-
partment of Agriculture show that
rubbing wax on stockings makes
them wear four times as long. Candle
wax or paraff1n may be applied to
heels and toes before each wearing.
@. Who Is the author of the say
ing, "Labour to keep alive in your
breast that little spark of celestial
fire-conscience"?-S. S.
A. This Is a rule from the copy
book of George Washington used
when he was schoolboy.
@. What becomes of soldiers in
surance policy when he reports for
oversee duty if the beneficiary does
not have It'll. c. w.
A. The Veterans Administration
says that if the insured under Ma
tional Service Life Insurance does
not designate where the certificate
will be sent, it will remain in the
files of the Veterans Administra-
ton.
@. Please explain the War De-
partment's policy in reassigning the
sole remaining son in a family
M. G.. A.
A. The War Department recently
adopted a policy of removing from
combat duty or retaining in the
continental United States the sole
surviving son of family in cases
where two or more sons have been
lost, except where the surviving son
is engaged in non-hazardous duty
overseas. Each case, however, will
be decided upon its individual
merits. This policy does not apply
unless there are three or more sons
and only one remaining who has
not been reported killed or missing
in action.
@. When a private is made a cor
poral how soon does his pay in
crease begin?-R. w. L. Fl
A. The War Department says that
a soldier is paid from the date of
his promotion. Therefore, the cor
poral in question should receive
his increase on the next payroll.
@. What is the rating of an Army
chaplain?-I. N. F.
A. Chaplains enter the Army as
first heutenants. Their promotions
are initiated by their commanding
O4hSN1os LAC No&AAAAAdAAAAAA6 SSAACA oAo
overseas have power to promote
them without reference to the War
Department. Chaplains in the
United States are promoted by the
same process, except that promo
tions are made by the War Depart
ment with the approval Of the
President.
@. How soon after the end of the
war will conscientious objectors be
released?-D. E. S.
A. Release from camps will be
made in approximately the same
proportion and approximately the
same time as from the Army. The
general plan is to have priority
similar to that of the Army with
points on an individual basis for
length of service, age and depend
ency.
@. How was the tomu of Charlie
magne in Aachen Cathedral protect
ed against war damage?-E. L. H.
A. The tomb was encased in con-
far ,.rpf ao{fayH
Evening star., 1945-01-16
Answers to
Questions

A reader can get the answer to any
question Of fact BY writing The Eve.
street N E., Wsshinston 2, D. c Please
tnclose 3 cents for return postage.
Evening star., 1945-01-16
By LoweH MeHeff

In the welter of plans for the So
luton of the manpower problem
more and more thought is being
Evening star., 1945-01-16

@. When a private is made a cor
poral how soon does his pay in
crease begin?-R. w. L.
A. The War Department says that
soldier is paid from the date of
his promotion. Therefore, the cor
poral in question should receive
his increase on the next payroll.
Evening star., 1945-01-03

Der, but returned to duty after two
weeks In a hospital. He attended
Eastern High School and worked at
the Navy Yard before entering the
service.
Pfc. John e. West, jr., %, infantry,
was seriously wounded in Southern
France October IS, the War De-
partment has notified his wife, Mrs.
Madeline West, 1902 Massachusetts,
avenue Sc.
Pvt. West was graduated from
high school after night classes at
Hine Junior High School. He
worked for the Navy Department
two years before entering the Army
in July, 1943. He was shipped over
seas In March. He Is in a hospital
in Italy. His parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
J. e. West, live at 229 Tenth street
NE. He has 3-month-old
daughter.
Pfc. Arthur w. Stone, 20, infantry,
son OF Mr.. and Mrs. Charles o.
Stone, 6513 Buchanan street, Mary
land Park, Md, was wounded De-
cember 13 in Germany. the War
Department informed his parents.
A former student at Maryland
Park High, Pvt. Stone worked for
the Agriculture Department before
entering the service almost two
years ago. He has been overseas
three months.
Evening star., 1945-01-03
Bills 10 Aid Veterans
Dominate Opening
Session Of Congress
BY the Associated Press.

6y tne Associated Press.
Proposals to aid veterans predomi-
mated today among bills introduced
as the Seventy-ninth Congress
opened.
Approximately 500 measures were
on file in the House, less than half
the usual number at an opening
session.
They ranged all the way from
claims measures to pay some one
damages to far-reaching sug-
gestions for overhauling Govern
ment procedure the theme of
scores Of them was Lets help the
veterans"
one big nonwar measure, the
$500,000, 900 omnibus rivers and har-
bors bill, which was killed in a con-
gressional deadlock on the closing
day of the Seventy-eighth Congress,
was reintroduced by Representative
Bland. Democrat, of Virginia.
Veterans Bill Heads List.
The sought-after spot of H. r.
went to veterans proposal SUBJ
mitted by Representative Ludlow,
Democrat of Indiana It is designed
to speed up disability benefits for
honorably discharged service per-
sonnel.
Others along the same line in
cluded:
By Representative Lesinski, Demo-
crat, of Michigan, to provide for ad-
justed service pay for those in the
armed forces: by Representative
Voorhis, Democrat, of California, to
provide for dollar-for-dollar match
ing by the Government of enlisted
mems savings; by Representative
Lane, Democrat, of Massachusetts,,
to put merchant marine veterans on
the same basis as other services, and
by Representative Jonkman, Repub-
lican, of Michigan, to cancel to the
extent of $100 the income tax iabil-
tty of members of the armed forces
for the taxable year prior to their
entering service.
Mr.. Voorhis outstripped all his
colleagues in total number of pub
lie" measured contributed, with &c.
Mr.. Lane had % and Mr. Bland 10.
Other Bills Offered.
Other House bills introduced in
cluded these by:
Elliott, Democrat, of California, to
provide that in disposing of lands
acquired by the Government for war
purposes preference shall be given
to former owners.
Izac, Democrat, of California, to
provide for construction of an inter-
oceanic canal through Nicaragua.
O'Brien, Democrat, of Michigan,
to establish a department Of ma
tional defense.
Patman, Democrat, of Texas, to
provide an excise tax on retail |
stores.
Evening star., 1945-01-03
Gen. PIastiras Agrees
TO Form AII-Parfy
Reqime in Greece
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
ATHENS, Jan. 3.-Gen. Nicholas
Plastiras, veteran Greek soldier and
politician. today undertook to form
a new an-party government in the
hope of ending the civil strife N
Greece.
Gen. Plastiras agreed to assume
the premiership last night at the
request Of Archbishop Damaskinos
Of Athens. who was named regent
of Greece last Friday by King
George II, now in London. Gen.
Plastiras succeeds George Papan-
dreou, British supported premier
who resigned when 1t became ap-
parent that his efforts to restore
harmony were doomed to failure.
Meanwhile, it was announced
officially that the Soviet govern
ment in Moscow is reopening its
legation in Athens. Mihail Sergief,
former first secretary and charge
d'affaires Of the legation, is ex-
tpected to arrive in Athens shortly.
Since the liberation of Greece from
the Germans, Russia has been rep
resented here only by military
mission.
The generals decision came as
Athens still echoed to the sound
of British artillery replying to
shelling by left-wing ELIAS forces,
who have refused to participate in
any government headed by Papan-
dreou.
In announcing his acceptance,
Gen. Plastiras ignored Greek super
stition against taking an important
step on q Tuesday-the day Con-
stantinople fell to the Turks in
1453.
The 61-year -old Gen. Plastiras re-
turned from exile In France only
recently under an agreement with
Papandreou and British authorities.
In 1922 he engineered a military
coup which resulted in the abdica-
ton of King Constantine and served
as a member of the revolutionary
committee which for a time ruled
the country. In December, 1923, he
was responsible for the banish-
ment of King George II, who had
succeeded his father, and later was
exiled briefly himself for allegedly
plotting another coup.
Evening star., 1945-01-03
Py the Associated Press,

PARIS, Jan. 3-Don't tell the
hard-bitten 101st (Eagle) Air borne
Division it was rescued at Bastogne
Or that it was relieved-or even
that it was in tough spot.
That is not the divisions story
That is not the story of its deputy
commander, Brig. Gen. Anthony c.
MaAuliffe, and not the story of the
fighting men who were with him
through week in which-the way
they looked at it-they had parts of
seven German divisions by the
throat all around them.
The men still fit are still there, to
do the job they figure they were
sent there for: To attack and help
smash Field Marshal Won Rund-
stedt's wedge.
I'VE resent any implication we
were rescued or needed rescue" Gen.
McAuliffe declared yesterday in
speaking of Merry Christmas" the
map name the 1O1st gave to the Is
or 20 square miles of Belgium it held
against everything the German
army could hurl against it.
Morale Remained High.
The spirit OF the men who held
| it was illustrated by the name one
Iof them thought up while under a
bomb attack in an emergency hos
pital, The name was THE Battered
Bastards of the Bastion Of Bas-
togne" The man who thought 1t up
was lying there with a compound
fracture of the leg, and word of it
spread to the gun crews of the
farthest outpost line.
''The whole thing was just our
dish" said Gen. McAuliffe, whose
home is at 4519 Yuma street, NV,
Washington
I'VE did the same thing deliber-
ately in Normandy and Holland" he
said. That's what we are for"
He said the 101st hollered only
once, and that was for medical sup
plies and surgical teams to treat its
badly wounded after the Germans
overran its main medical base east
of the town the night of December
1920 in the first phase of the fight.
Those supplies and doctors to per-
form the more serious opera tions
were flown in.
4th Breaks Through.
When the 4th Armored Division
broke through from the south after
a week in which the 101st and its
sidekick combat force of the 10th
Armored Division had held without
giving ground, Gen. McAuliffe made
this report on the condition of his
force:
We're fine. We're ready for the
offensive and the pursuit"
The Eagle Division was in a rest
and buildup camp when Field Mar
shall Won Rundstedt launched his
offensive. Gen. McAuliffe himself
said he had figured it would not be
in shape for action for weeks.
1t was given "a hours to 60 into
action-and it went, on trucks for
the first time.
1t fought on ammunition dropped
from the sky; it doctored its
wounded for the first half of the
week on cognac and courage; and
when an outside communications
officer pressed by radio for a de-
Evening star., 1945-01-03
| Patton Calls
Men S Exploits
l'Unsurpdssed'
;y The Associated Press.

WITH THE UNITED STATES Sd
ARMY, Jan. 3.-Lt. Gen. George s
Patton, jr., commander Of the
American Sd Army, has praised his
mems achievements against the
Germans as unsurpassed in mill
tary history"
From the bloody corridor at
Avranches, to Brest, thence across
France to the Saar. over the Saar
into Germany and now on to Bas-
togne, your record has been one OF
continuous victory" the message
said.
mot only have you invariably de-
feated a cunning and ruthless
enemy, but also you have overcome
by your indonitable fortitude every
aspect of terrain and weather
Neither heat nor dust nor floods
nor snow have stayed your progress
THE speed and brilliancy of your
achievements are unsurpassed In
military history"
Evening star., 1945-01-03
Famed 7O7st Division Resents
Idea 1t Was Saved at Bustoqne

tailed report Of its position, thu
divisions radio operator just laughed
and said:
"Just visualize the hole in &
doughnut, that's u.s.
when We were left In position
there during the corps Withdrawal
our commander told us not to gel
ourselves surrounded" Gen. Nc.
Auliffe recalled with a chuckle
That's laugh"
1--WE were giving the Germans the
licking of their lives, and they hac
the effrontery to send us a note
asking us to surrender" The gen.
eral said.
Nuts" Reply Recalled.
That was the note he replied tc
in his now-famous one-word answer
-"Nuts!"
Gen. McAuliffe said right at the
start he organized striking re-
serve of tanks and infantry ano
held it back inside Bastogne.
I'VE never once had to commit
that reserve" he said.
In reserve also was mostlyTa mix
eture of what he dubbed ''Eorce
|Snafu." 1t was composed Of rem
nants of infantry, engineers and
armor which fell back upon Bas-
Ltpgne too late to get out before the
Fencirclement.
r. And except for armor outfits
|@Force Snafu" never had, to be
hurled into the frontline.
Despite the intensity of the battle
the commander said he figured his
casualties were less than in COM
parable actions in either Normandy
or Holland. The reason for this he
attributed to the quality of the air
borne fighting men, of whom he
told this story:
A couple of these air borne troop
ers visited the tomb Of Napoleon in
Paris and one of them commented to
the other, The greatest soldier that
ever lived is buried there
Napolean Never Jumped.
ITO which the second air borne
fighter replied:
"'Aw, when did he ever junp?'"
Gen. McAuliffe said the Germans
were cocky during the first days OF
the battle, but that their morale
slumped fast.
He quoted from the diary of one
German officer. who, on December
10, wrote: ''The war is getting to be
fun again." A couple OF days later
the same officer was making entries
Evening star., 1945-01-03
Principles Unaffected
By Big 3 Differences,
President Declares a
By JOSEPH H. BAIRD.

PRESIDENT Roosevelt, admitting
there are differences among the AL
lies, believes the public should keep
eyes fixed on principles in the inter-
national picture and not worry about
details.
He made this clear at a White
House press conference late yester-
day shortly after he told leaders Of
Congress that he expected to meet
soon with Prime Minister Churchill
and Premier Stain. He refused to
amplify that word soon" for news
men.
The President implied that Diff.
ferences among the Allies were in
Ievitable. Asked whether the consul
|tative machinery might be improved,
he said the only way to do it was
to have a common capital-an obvi-
Gus impossibiiitys The public, he
went en, would be surprised to learn
OF the exchanges that are made be-
tween the big three" powers.
Halifax Sees Secretary.
The differences which reporters
mad in mind center around the
treatment of liberated areas. RE
Gently, Secretary Stettinius criti-
cized British policy in Italy and
Greece, and both Washington and
London jointly refuse to recognize
the Russian-sponsored Polish Com
mittee of National Liberation as
Poland's provisional government.
Before the Presidents conference,
the. Earl of Halifax, British Ambas-
sador, called on Mr.. Stettinius to
discuss the Greek and Polish prob
lens. He also told the Secretary
that consultation among the Allies
should be improved to avoid misun-
derstandings. Talking with re-
porters, he advocated no way to
achieve this end, although he agreed
that the machinery of the Advisory
Council in London might be used.
With this in mind, reporters asked
the President for his ideas on recon-
Cling the differences. Mr.. Roosevelt
admitted the differences, but was in
cined to make light of them.
Cites Confusion.
His attention was called to an
article in recent London Econo-
mist which said that Britain should
stop appeasing America.
Some writers-not In the daily
press but in magazines and books
are inclined, the President said, to
confuse principles and details.
Drawing a parallel, he added that
the Ten Commandments were a
good set of principles, but various
people interpreted them differently.
Refusing to be drawn out on his
projected meeting with Mr.. Church.
Ill and Mr.. Stain, the President,
who at an earlier conference had
said that physical and geographical
problems were delaying a confer
ence, told reporters facetiously that
the present question was whether
ice conditions were worse at the
North or South Pole.
Main Problem Is Food.
Asked If Secretary Stettinius
would accompany him, Mr.. Roose-
velt said the answer to that would
be forthcoming after the conference
assemblies.
The Presidents attention was
called to sta cement by Mr..
Churchill that Mr.. Roosevelt had
been consulted on the Greek situa-
ton, implying that he had agreed
to the use of force.
In answer, Mr.. Roosevelt said that
the important thing was to see that
populations Of liberated countries
were fed. The United States, he
added, had been considering that
problem for long time.
Evening star., 1945-01-03

Infantry Combat Badge. He Is nov
recuperating In a hospital In Europe
his mother said. His father is q
bakery supervisor.
Pvt. Richard Haig, %, infantry,
was wounded in Germany November
13, the War Department informed
his family. His wife, Juanita, and
6-year-old daughter live at 1882
Burns place Sc. and his mother
Mrs. Margaret Haig, lives at $50 K
street NE.
Pvt. Haig Is native of Washing
ton. He attended Abbot Vocational
School and worked at the Corcoran
Art Gallery before entering the
Army last January. He was sent
overseas in July. He has now re-
turned to combat, his wife said.
Staff Sergt. James v. Coon, IS
infantry, was wounded December 1e
in Germany, the War Department
notified his wife, Elizabeth, who
lives with their 4-year-old son at
1241 E street Sc. He previously
was wounded in France in Septem-
Evening star., 1945-01-03
Congress
Continued From First Page.)

The only incident that marked the
opening session was a request by
Majority Leader Barkley that Sen
ator-elect Capehart, Republican, of
Indiana be permitted to take the
oath without prejudice. The request
was prompted by the fact the Senate
Campaign Expenditures Committee
has been inquiring into the Indiana
election.
Senator White of Maine, Re
publican floor leader, interrupted
Senator Barkley to explain that the
request meant without prejudice to
Senator Capehart or to the Senate. y
The notice was entered and Mr..
Capehart took the oath.
When an election is being inquired
into by committee, the Senate has
the alternative of asking the Sen
ator-elect to stand aside tempo
rarily at the opening of the session
or to swear him in without pref
udice.
Senate Recesses Until Saturday.
The three men who were not
present to be sworn in today are
Governors Saltonstall of Massachu-
sets, and Donnell of Missouri, Re-
publicans, who are finishing their
terms as Governors, and Senator
Downey, Democrat, of California.
Following the formalities the Sem
ate recessed until Saturday.
Rayburn Renamed Speaker.
House Speaker Rayburn was re-
nominated at a House Democratic
caucus yesterday which preserved
its organization intact. Representa-
tive Martin of Massachusetts, was
chosen again by the Republicans as
minority leader.
The Democrats hold full majority
control of both houses. In the Sen
ate the lineup is 81 Democrats, SO
Republicans and one Progressive
In the House it is 243 Democrats,
100 Republicans, one American
Labor and one Progressive.
The Senate Republican Steering
Committee was called together today
by Senator Taft to consider legis-
lative program. Minority members
in the Senate will caucus tomorrow
The Democrats probably Friday.
In the meantime, the War Labor
Evening star., 1945-01-03

Board and the Treasury promptly
disclaimed any responsibility for the
Byrnes proposals touching man.
power and finance.
War Labor Board Chairman Will
liam II. Davis denied he had any
hand in the suggestion that the
WLB get enforcement authority
and Lloyd K. Garrison, public
member Of the board, said he woul6
"hate to see them open up" the
question Of compliance In the courts