davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-03-17
The Political Mill
Rv Gould IincoIn

The American delegation to the United
Nations Conference in San Francisco
April 25-where the proposed new ma
chlnery for world peace is to be finally
set up-ls expected to work hard and
cover lot of ground in the next few
weeks. At first meeting of the delega-
ton at the State Department, Secretary
Stettinius expressed his confidence that
Whlle pursuing our personal views and
convictions, we shall be able to work as
one team" If this can be done, it will
mean much for the success of the coming
conference-and also for the chances of
ratification of the treaty of adherence
to the new council, league or whatever
is the name adopted for the peace or
ganization.
Members Of the delega tion-all of
them-are sympathetic to the Dunbar
ton Oaks agreements ian outline. COM
prehensive in nature, for the proposed
organization). Nevertheless, the dele
gates have views of their own with re-
gard to details and possible amendments
and undoubtedly they will express them.
Senator Vandenberg of Michigan, for
example, who is leader among the Re-
publlcans of the Senate on foreign policy,
has already submitted a series of amend
ments. His proposals have not been re-
vealed, although they are being studied
by State Department officials Certainly
1t Is expected that he will ask for con-
sideration of these amendments by the
delegates themselves when they meet
again. Present plans call for another
meeting in about 10 days or two weeks.
Thereafter, it is likely the delegation
will be constantly at work, with frequent
meetings. These meetings should serve
a valuable purpose. enabling the del
egates to get full and overall view
OF the problems involved, and, it is to
be hoped, to get together.
*
Speaking as he does for a very con-
siderable number of Senators who must
pass upon the treaty setting up the
new peace organization Senator Van
denbergs proposed amendments are
sure to be given the utmost considera-
ton, as they should 1t is probable. too
that Comdr. Harold E. Stassen, who has
pronounced opinions supporting inter-
national cooperation on a wide scale
will have recommendations of his own
to submit.
The Michigan Senator has particularly
stressed the need of Justice" in the
settlement OF international disputes
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Fairy ToIe

Child at the DindoD, listening to magical
,oords,
Watching the teathery crystal stars of
snoUfdkes tnu,
Beliepe for yet little time this tcntdstic
,Dorld;:
Let it be lovely reality, and let it be all.
Think 1t not strange that beunstalk
climbs to the sky,
or that querulous gnomes should
dUeH in jeDeled cdpes;
A ,Ditch might ,DeH lipe In a gingerbread
house,
Or Daliant youth marry the princess
he sapes.
Beliepe in the speech OF the fatal bright
looking glass,
In the pumpkin coach, In the mon
strous ogre iDith eoil heart;
Cling to the terrors and splendors OF
this pictured Uorld,
And hear not the terror OF another
srorld falling apart
FREDERICK EBRIGHT.
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Letters to The Star
Advocates Individual Morality
AS Alternative Principle

To the Editor of The Star:
In The Star of March 10 William T.
Ellis in his syndicated commentary on
the Sunday school lesson showed what
was wrong with the world, but in
way which he surely did not intend. To
quote his opening sentences: "Our plas-
tic world is today in the throes of a
great economic, as well as social and
political debate. With the masses every
where swinging to the left and with
Russia having set the example on a
grand scale of the wiping out of the
privileges of property, it is time to
consider what Jesus taught about
wealth."
There are so many weaknesses In
Mr.. Ellis argument, I scarcely know
where to begin, and would not, except
for the fact that his point of view is
very common. His intimation that the
Bolsheviki's liquidation of "the privi-
leges of property" has any kinship to
Christ's teaching is, of course, absurd.
He condemns concentration of wealth
but patiently ignores the concentration
OF power: political, economic and mill
tary power, which has followed the So
cialistic confiscation of private prop
erty. Riches are said to be mark of
wickedness, but what about dictatorial
power?
Then what about groups? Russia is
a rich nation. Communists are sup
posed to believe in dividing up, but is
Russia dividing up with anybody? Quite
the contrary; she is acquiring still more
territory and larger spheres of influ-
ence, and doing it by means of sheer
force.
The late Dr. Glenn Frank some wears
ago made a speech in which he said
group laissez faire was taking the place
OF individual laissez faire and that we
imagined that we saw virtue in the
change. His observation undoubtedly
was true. For instance, nowadays If a
merchant charges a few cents above
ceiling prices he is fined hundreds of
dollars, and people have been sentenced
to Jail for such of1enses; but labor
unions can tie up whole industries to
force high wages and what is the PEN
atty? Government has become very
much bully that ignominiously Yields
when strong groups threaten, but wakes
domineering against unorganized indi-
viduals
Some would try to persuade us that
He who told the parable of the shepherd
that left the ninety and nine to seek
the one would approve the ruthless
totalltarian trend of the present. In
stead, the war may be considered as
self-invoked tribulation for our getting
so far from the Christian standard of
lndlVldual morality. V. r. N.
Chesterbrook, Va.
Evening star., 1945-03-17
The Luetore Medal

The announcement of the award
of the Laetare Medal for 1945 to
former Assistant Secretary of State
Gardiner Rowland Shaw provided an
occasion for brief explanation of
what the Laetare award is and the
significance 1t bears. Named from
the first word of the Introit for the
fourth Sunday in Lent, it syn1saolizes
a rejoicing in high humanitarian
and religious achievement. The Uni
versity of Notre Dame selects the
recipient. "a Catholic layman of the
United States prominent for distin-
guished accomplishment for country
or church and whose life is a model
of Christian morality and good citi-
zenship." John Culinary Shea, an
eminent historian, received the first
award in 1888.
Forty-eight men and fourteen
women have been honored since.
The roster includes: General John
Newton, General William S. Rose
Grams, General Hugh A. Drum, Ad-
miral William S. Benson, Chief
Justice Edward Douglas White, At
torney General Charles j. Bonaparte,
Ambassador Maurice F. Egan, Gov
ernor Alfred E. Smith, Representa-
tive William Bourke Cochran, DR..
Thomas Adds Emmett, DR.. John B.
Murphy, DR.. Francis Quinlan, DR..
Lawrence F. Flick, DR.. Stephen J.
Maher and DR.. Irwin Abel, physi-
clans and surgeons; Patrick j. Kelley
and Charles D. Maginnis, architects;
Agnes Repplier, Katherine E. Con-
way, Helen c. White, Mrs. A. H.
Dorsey, Mrs. James Sadlier and Anne
OHare Mccormick, writer's; Eliza
beth Nourse, artist; John McCor-
mack, singer; DR.. Albert F. Zahm,
scientist; Mary Gwendolin Caldwell
and Mrs. Nicholas F. Brady, philan-
thropists; Margaret Anglin, actress;
Edward N. Hurley, business executive.
and others who have served the
common good.
Mr.. ShaW's award was given in
especial commentator of his efforts
in behalf of underprivileged boys,
and it was richly merited.
Evening star., 1945-03-17

posed Of scantily trained civilians of
all ages and soldiers capable of only
limited duty. These units have fought
well but are so far inferior to the first
class Allied forces that they have been
more of a nuisance than q real mill
tary value.
The old German Army has been
completely expended. Even the Elite
and the SIS Corps are still hard and
ruthless opponents, but they no longer
possess the same caliber of troops of
Two or three years ago. Having to face
overwhelming forces on two fronts, the
German high command has begun to
SHIFT Its units from one front to another.
The result is that while the number of
divisions on the western front, for in
stance, may still appear large on paper, 1t
is, in fact, far inferior to the American
British forces. German divisions, which
until few months ago had strength
of 10000 to $4,000 men, now seldom have
more than 1000. And it must be con-
sidered that more than half of these
men have had only a smattering of
military training. The Allied strength
on the western front is about three
times greater than the German. The
proportion on the eastern front is about
6 to /.
The morale of the German fighting
men has not yet been broken, although
they no longer show the same residence.
The officers and men know that they
have been defeated and fight only with
the despair of men who believe that
1T is preferable to be mortally wounded
on the battlefield than face the conse-
quences of defeat.
The generals themselves seem to have
lost their old aggressive spirit. In the
past they figured where a counter
attack might yield the best results and
ordered such an operation without hesi-
tatlon. Now, with the exception of some
successful counter thrusts in the region
OF the Balaton Lake in Hungary, no
real efforts have been made by the Ger
man high command to dislodge any of
the Allies from their new positions. Our
progress is still slow because of the
Germans suicide" resistance, but once
this is overcome, the usual Nazi counter
thrusts never take place except as a
purely local operation on a small scale.
The considered opinion of those OBJ
servers who in the past have warned
against overoptimism is that the Ger
mans will be compelled to fold up before
the beginning of the summer. All the
Allies will have to do later will be to
mop up whatever underground army
the Nazi leaders may still possess.
Evening star., 1945-03-17
This Changing World
By Constantine Br0,yn

None of the qualified military men in
washington is willing to predict on
what day or week Germany's organized
resistance will end. But they now have
sufficient f1rst-hand information to
speculate without fear Of being called
false prophets that the Wehrmacht
and Volkssturm organizations will be
crushed some time in May.
When a wave of superoptimism hit
the United States last summer after
the victorious landings on the French
coast, the Allied armies were still far
from the Reich itself The Russians
mad begun to move across Poland in
drlve which stopped at the Vistula River.
The predictions of an early end of
hostilities were based principally on the
bellef that the German general staff
would follow its traditional policy and
give up when it realized the war was
lost and there was no doubt in the mind
OF any military man that the Germans
had lost the war when they could not
prevent the landing of the Allied forces
in Normandy.
We knew, however, little about actual
conditions in the Reich, particularly the
manpoWer situation. So far as our in.
telllgence services were concerned, they
appeared to believe that the reservoir Of
men was still sufficient. Furthermore.
there were conflicting reports about the
morale and the hold of the Gestapo.
Now both the American and British
forces and the Red armies are on Ger
man soil and deep penetrations have
been made on both fronts. Informa-
ton regarding Hitler's war resources
Is FAR more ample than formerly. The
German industrial areas have been
shrunk by the Allied advances and bv
the continuous bombings which are
even more effective than heretofore.
While last summer the Germans could
still count on about 40 per cent pro-
duction in Western Germany and about
80 per cent in the east, today their main
industrial areas in Silesia are either in
Russian hands or under the daily
pounding of Russian artillery. In the
west the situation is even worse and
within the next few weeks it is doubtful
II there will be any war production
at all
Under these conditions the German
forces, regardless of the stubborness
with which they may fight, will be short
OF nearly every kind of war parapher-
MALTA even If they still have an ade-
quate number of men.
The Wehrmacht had to be strength
ened by the Volkssturm divisions, COM
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Battle of the TRIANGLE
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

The last German hold west of the
Rhine is now in course of elimination.
This Is the area which is inclosed by
the Rhine on the east, by the Mosells
on the northwest and by the Saar and
the Lauter on the south. It is too ir-
regular in shape to be a true triangle,
but it will help to describe what is
happening if we consider it as a tri-
angle with its northern apex at Coblenz
Junction of the Rhine and the Moselle)
It's southwestern apex at Trier near the
junction OF the Saar and the Moselle)
and its southeastern apex at Lauter-
bourg junction of the Rhine and the
Lauter).
Let us look first at the southern face
OF the triangle, Trier-Lauterbourg. Be-
hind the Saar and the Lauter are the
formidable Notifications of the old Sieg-
fried Line. This is the strongest section
of that line. In front of the Lauter,
between that river and the Moder, are
some of the fortresses of the Maginot
Line, OF which Bitche is the strongest
The 7th United States Army is deployed
along the Saar and is across the Moder,
but has not yet reached the Lauter. Sup
ported by the French 1st Army, it is
oteoShAAl6 OA d UIOdU 1TOUG, lIOlu SaaT-
bruecken to the Rhine. The general
direction of its offensive movement is
north. This operation is broad frontal
attack against heavily defended po-
sition.
Now let us look at the southwestern
corner Of the triangle - the area OF
Trier. Here the right wing of the United
States Sd Army is well across the Moselle
and is driving eastward behind the
Siegfried defenses. It is obvious that
this movement, if continued, viii begin
to threaten the rear areas and supply
lines of the German troops trying to
hold the southern face of the triangle.
1t will immensely assist the 7th Army in
what might otherwise be very costly
operation. If it is not stopped, then
the Siegfried Line and the Saar in
dustrial region must be abandoned, and
the German armies must be withdrawn
across the Rhine. But in order to stop
it the Germans must manage to create
a defensive position facing west between
the Saar and the Moselle.
That is where the third part Of the
Allied offensive plan comes in. Up at
the northern corner Of the great triangle,
Evening star., 1945-03-17

the left wing of the Sd United States
Army is across the Moselle in the angle
between the Moselle and the Rhine
and is driving south on a widening front
which is reported as approaching the
Rnlne city OF St. Goar. This operation,
II 1t continues in its southerly progress,
WILL cut the communications of any
German troops trying to form any such
defensive front between the Saar and
the Moselle as above suggested. Indeed,
1t Will eventually come right down on
the rear OF the German troops defend
ing the southern face of the triangle.
IL is not too much to say that the
Germans have no choice but to evacu-
ate the triangle while there is still time
to get their troops out of it. Indeed,
they may have already done so to
large extent; only the nature and du-
ration of their resistance can tell us
That. The main artery of supply or
withdrawal must be the superhighway
Saarbruecken Hamburg KaiSers-Lau-
Observation-Disclosures, and the
double track railway which roughly
parallels it.
Other roads and railways branch from
these, of course, and the major crossings
of the Rhine which can serve the Ger
mans in the triangle are at Mayence,
Worms and Ludwigshafen-Mannh
All will certainly be the objects of the
attention of our heavy bombers unless
the German force in the triangle is so
small that, as In the Rhineland opera
tions, the chance of capturing bridge
intact Is worth more than the cutting
of German escape routes.
II II
1t seems probable, in view of the con-
centric Allied power-drives, that Ger
man resistance within the triangle will
be concerned with holding few we'll
selected strong points as mere obstruc-
tions to Allied movement latter the
fashion of PoMan, Glogau, Breslau
and other such points of obstruction in
the east. Some attempt may be made
to hold out in some of the Siegfried
and Maginot fortresses, but it does not
seem likely that the Germans will be
in sufficient strength to attempt any
large-scale defense of fortified lines. We
must hope that they will do so, how
ever, for If they do we may kill or cap
ture impressive numbers.
((copyrisht 1e4S.)
Evening star., 1945-03-17

representation in Congress, varying
with apportionment of districts. The
number eligible from Washington is
fixed by statute.
Two bills are pending. and have
been for some time, doubling the
number of District appointments.
There is no expressed opposition, but
they have been gathering dust for
a long time. In fairness to qualified
young men from this unrepresented
community, these bills should be
passed.
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Anti-Mr. Goldsborough

Anti-Mr. Goldsborough
To the Editor of The Star:
I will ask for my cents and return
your newspaper every time 1 see the
name of Edmund K. Goldsborough in
any edition. am just that sick of his
platitudes. He certainly cannot be work.
ing at anything useful and at the same
time put in so many man-hours over
his ponderous inanities. He probably
was born with golden" spoon in his
mouth. His brilliant theme song: 1.-THE
Golden Rule and Not the Rule of Gold,"
is too hackneyed to be effective. To
refute his statements on universal hate
and our attempt to establish world
freedom on power politics" ad nauseum
could only bore your readers the more.
Charge him space rates for personal
publicity and he will choose to forget
the 'golds" and may borough for
while (and a very bad punD. We are
organizing Bored With E. K. G. Club"
THREE BORED.
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Test in Romuniu

The American and British request
for consultation with Russia on the
Romanian situation is in full accord
with the letter and spirit of the Big
Three Crimea agreement. In fact,
developments in Bucharest have
seemed so much at variance with
the principles and procedures pro-
claimed at Yalta that not to have
made the move in this instance
would have been to let the agree
ment go more or less by default.
The basic facts behind the request
are these: First, that on March 6,
within less than a month after the
Crimea Conference had ended, the
government of Premier Nicolai Ra-
descu was removed from Office in
Bucharest to make room for a new
government headed by Premier Petru
Groza; second, that this change,
according to reliable report, was
effected through Russian pressure,
apparently without any prior con-
sultation with Britain or the United
States; and third, that the Groza
regime, made up of the Commu-
nist-controlled National Democrat
ic Front is generally believed to
represent only small minority of
the Romanian people.
Against these facts must be placed
the pledge made by the Big Three at
Yalta to concert their policies in
helping the peoples of liberated
countries and of former Axis Satel-
lite states to meet pressing political
and economic problems and create
democratic institutions of their own
choice" The pledge further declared
that the three powers would assist
these peoples in forming interim
governmental authorities broadly
representative of all democratic ele-
ments in the population" and it was
agreed that London, Washington
and Moscow would consult together
on the measures necessary to dis
charge their joint responsibilities in
this respect.
Without indorsing the ousted Ra-
descu government, which appears to
have been rather makeshift and not
too competent. it may be said that
the new Groza government is doubt
fully entitled to authority under the
Crimea agreement as a regime
broadly representative of all demo-
cratic elements in the population"
1t may be said, too. that in bringing
about this Bucharest change the
Russians seem to have acted quite
unilaterally, ignoring the Yalta un-
derstanding on joint consultation.
In the circumstances some clarifca-
tion is plainly needed if the gains
achieved at the Crimea Conference
are not to be compromised.
Since Premier Groza is already in
Office and since he insists that his
Is a peoples government despite
charges to the contrary, the Bu-
charest political setup looks like
fait accompli. Nevertheless a Big
Three discussion of the problem may
at least throw new light on the sit
uation and lead to concrete assur-
ances, in word and act, that the
promise of Yalta still stands. What
Britain, America and Russia do now
In Romania may thus be regarded
as the first significant test of that
promise, and it need hardly be added
that the world is looking on with
great interest.
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Prolongine the Struggle
From the Topeka Capital.

From the Topeka Capital.
British unions have taken leaf out Of
the American labor book and gone on
strike, thus lengthening the war and
costing additional lives by Yanks fight
ing to save England from Nazi conquest.
No wonder the Hitlerites are holding out
in the hopes of wearing down the Allies
until negotiated peace Is possible.
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Quirk of the Times

From the Boston Globe.
Why any one should wear an Army
uniform illegally is mystery, as all
accounts indicate the local draft board
is willing to fix up almost anybody
legally
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Judaism and Nationalism

judaism and NatlOnallSm
To the Editor of The Star:
In the recently published letter of DR..
H. Protector there appeared the fol-
lowing statement: "It is evident that
the future of the Jewish people is en-
veloped in obscurity. While the world
is concerned with the political and
economic status of all the nations it is
apathetic toward Jewish problems.
Many Illuminating editorials have been
written concerning the Poles, Czechs,
Greeks, Italians, Belgians and others:
but very little has been written about
the desperate political and economic
situation of the Jewish people"
This statement brings to my mind the
following question, which perhaps DR..
Protector or some of your other read
ers will be kind enough to answer: Isn't
a Jew born In Poland Pole; Jew
born in Czechoslovakia Czech; Jew
born in Greece a Greek; a Jew born
In Italy an italian: Jew born in Bel
gium Belgian and so on; or don't the
Jewish people consider themselves citi-
zens of their native countries?
This is question on which earnestly
desire to be enlightened.
C. E. Herring.
Evening star., 1945-03-17
Praise for Mr.. Proctor


Guy G. Moore goes beyond his depth
when, trying to depreciate the writings
of John Claggett Proctor, he plunges
into the waters of the higher criticism.
Mr.. Proctor is tops" as a historian
of the Washington scene and as
writer who is both gentleman and
scholar. I wish we had more like himi
Most all Washingtonians of any claim
to common sense and erudition read
The Star. These same Washingtonians
are perhaps the best informed and
most critical audience found in this
country. They would have let you know
long ere this If their appreciation of
him as competent writer was not of
the highest.
Mr.. Moore himself seems confused
and arbitrary. The first and most i'm
portant rule of logic is: Keep on the
track" But Mr.. Moore evidently is i'm
patient OF tracks and, like many an
other, finds himself engulfed in a maze
Of his own sententious though not too
significant dicta. He seems to think
he knows the mind of Europe down to
the last man. Quite guy! What
guy!
I do not know Mr.. Proctor in person,
but I am sure he is not a Puritan. A
librarian. in friendly conversation,
recently told the writer that once Mr..
Proctor in his haste to do research
drove away in the wrong automobile.
That was quite in line with the abstrac-
ton of a scholar. But could you imag-
inc Puritan doing a thing like that?
j. A. G,