davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-24
Three Named
By President;
Biddle Quits
PERKINS RESIGNS
Clark, Schwellenbach, An
derson Get Cabinet
pneIfInne

WASHINGTON, May %. -F-
President Truman shook up his
cabinet today by naming three new
members and signalled new,
streamlined attack on the nations
No. / home front problem-food
shortages.
The new cabinet members:
Attorney GenerahTom c. Clark,
succeeding Francis Biddle. Clark,
55-year-old Texan, is now assis-
tant attorney general.
Secretary of Labor Federal
Judge Lewis B. Schwellenbach, for
mer Democratic senator from
Washington. He succeeds Miss
Frances Perkins.
Secretary of Agriculure-Rep.
Clinton P. Anderson. New Mexico
Democrat D.. succeeding Claude R.
Wickard.
Mr.. Truman disclosed that An
derson also will become War Food
Administrator when Marvin Jones
steps out OF that position June 30
to resume his position as judge OF
the court Of claims.
Anderson heads the House Food
Committee which has been criti-
cal of Government food policy and
has been calling for a new, CO.
ordinated attack. The fact that he
was put into the twin posts of
agriculture secretary and War
Food Administrator was taken to
mean that new measures to COM
bat food problems are in store.
May 2 the House committee urg-
ed the President, among other
things, to coordinate the program
from grower to consumer to break
up black markets and ease shor-
tages.
1t advocated top priority for
farmers in the matter of manpow-
er and machinery, revised price
policies to assure profits to pro-
ducers and distributors, and spe-
cial inducements to ward off
threats of developing black mar
Kets in eggs and sugar.
Wickard, the retiring Agricul-
ture secretary, has been picked as
rural identification administrator,
the President also disclosed at his
busiest news conference yet, a
session lasting less than Is minute.
This is the post for which the Sc.
nate recently rejected Aubrey Will
liams, former head Of the National
Youth Administration.
The extent of the sweeping chang
Is in Mr.. Truman's official family
was greater than had been general
ly expected today. The White
House had reported earlier that
the president would have an am
nouncement respecting Biddle's re-
signation.
AS reporters, steamed into the
oval room, they were greeted by
the Presidents announcement that
he had some cabinet changes to re-
port. He started rafting them off
in rapid-fire order, reading from
both the letters of designations and
his replies.
The president said he had PLAN
ned to appoint Rep. Anderson as
Agriculture Secretary even before
CONTINUED on Page Two; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-24
DAVIES
GIVEN MISSIONS
President's Decision Taken
As Surprise In
Washington

WASHINGTON, May 23.-W.D-.
President Truman today appointed
Harry Hopkins, White House ad-
wiser, and Joseph E. Davies, for
special diplomatic missions to
London and Moscow.
Hopkins, who accompanied the
late President Roosevelt on many
of his big Three meetings, was
assigned to 60 to Moscow.
Davies, former ambassador to
Russia, will go to London.
The announcement said that
Hopkins left today with w. Averell
Hartman, w. S. Ambassador to
Russia.
At Moscow he will meet With
Premier Josef Stain upon mat
tiers now in discussion between the
Soviet government and the govern
ment of the United States"
The announcement gave no de-
tails but it was presumed matters
for discussion would include CO.
ordination of German control plans,
the establishment of a new gov
eminent in Poland, and possibly
continuation of lend-lease aid to
Russia.
Davies, who is leaving elm
mediately," will meet with Prime
Minister Winston Churchill and
other members ,of the British gov
eminent concerning matters of
common interest to the United
States and Great Britain arising
out Of the war"
In both instances, it was an
nounced, the two special emissaries
will work in cooperation with the
embassies at Moscow and London.
1.-THE President believes Mr..
Davies and Mr.. Hopkins are
peculiarly qualified to undertake
these missions by reason of their
extensive experience in interna-
tional AFFAIRS, the announcement
said.
Upon their return to the United
States the two emissaries will re-
port personally to the President.
President Humans appointment
Of Hopkins to be his personal
envoy to Moscow came as polltl-
cal surprise in some quarters in
view of a widespread belief that
he would be dropped from the
Truman administration.
Although Hopkins was the late
President Roosevelt's closest ad-
wiser, he was not trusted by many
old-line Democratic leaders and
they repeatedly have been trying
to persuade Mr.. Truman to drop
him. The President, however, has
shown no inclination to do this.
Instead, he has taken advantage OF
Continued on Page Three; Col. u
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-24
40 War Brides Reach
Boston On Transport
To Meet New In-Lalus

BOSTON, May 3D. W.D -
Excited but happy, ITO war
brides of CPS got their first
glimpse of their adopted home
land today as they arrived In
this port aboard Navy trans
port on the last lap Of their
Journey to meet their Ameri-
cans inlaws.
There were 81 Army wives,
rs Navy wives and 70 babies,
many Of whose fathers still are
on duty in the European the
alter.
Also on board were 1,127 lib
Grated American prisoners of
war, and the first complete
unit of Eighth Air Force veter-
ans to return-the 453rd Heavy
Bombardment Group of 1t.
Gen. James H. D0olittle.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-24
.EiisenhoW er
Has Dissolved
.Naziis' Reich
CONTROLLED BY ARMY
Russian Evidence Shows
Hitler Stayed In
Mercy Killing

FLENSBURG, Germany, May "a
-WR)-The German High Com
mand and members of Grand-Adm.
Karl Doenitz's Reich govern
ment'' were arrested today on the
personal order of Gen. Dwight D.
Eisenhower and made prisoners
of war subject to trial as wal
criminals.
(BBC reported that Adm. Gen.
Hans Georg Won Friedeburg, Ger
man navy commander in chief
committed suicide by taking poi
son to avoid becoming prisoner
It was learned in connection with
the arrests that according to Rus
sian evidence Adolf Hitler, out Of
his mind and half paralyzed, died
May l. from an injection admin.
istered at his Berlin headquarters
by DR.. Theodor Morell, his per
sonal physician.
At 10 am, British Tommies
swept into Flensburg, in the Schles-
wig Holstein isthmus near the Dan.
ish border, and arrested the entire
high command and rump govern.
ment which purported to function
in succession to the Nazis.
There was no resistance.
Among the prisoners were Doe.
nitz, COL Gen. Gustav Jodl, chief
of the general staff, Count Ludwig
Schwerin Won Krosigk, foreign
minister Munitions Minister Al.
bert Speer-caught in his bath tub
and Food Minister Herbert
Backe.
No trace was found of Heinrich
Himmler, No. Nazi after Hitler
fCnntinuod IN Para Two. Col. II
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-24
Local Board Receives
New Draft Directive

The drafting in New Hanover
county of men over 80 who are use
fully employed was halted during
May yesterday, but draft board Of
ficials were without information
as to whether the order would con-
tinue in effect after this month.
Meanwhile, all men in this class
were offered deferments after a
board meeting yesterday after
noon.
The telegram issuing the order
was received from General j.. Van
B. Nets, State selective service
director yesterday morning.
A board spokesman said the men
may go if they wish but they
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-24

don't have to unless they are delin-
quents or job jumpers" 1t was
said that Every few" of the county
group would be affected.
Nets telegram to the City board
readas follows:
''You are authorized to postpone
May induction Of any reglstrant
except delinquent or job-jumper
who has attained Both birthday and
who is regularly engaged in an ac-
tivity worthwhile to community or
nation. Authority to reopen sucn
cases will. be granted by local
board memorandum. If the above
CONTINUED ON Page Two; Col. -
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-24


veteran pilots and navigators
led the way. They lit up the
target with 100-pound oil bombs
and then wave after wave Of
the main forces followed in at
medium altitude.
Exactly six months to the day
after they had first hit Tokyo,
the B-29 b0mbardiers achieved
their goal-dropping bombs on
Japan at a greater rate than
their comrades had against
Germany.
The greatest single raid by
1t. Gen. James H. DoOlitt.e's
U. S. 9Th Air Force Was made
last March Is when $500 tons
were dropped on Berlin, al
though the 8th had hit several
targets with a heavier weight
on a single mission. The Raj
Continued on Page Three; Col.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-24
President Announces Shake-Up In Cabinet
Churchill QqH Forces British Election
Allies Arrest Doenitz, Nazi High Command
Worlds Largest Fleet
OF B-29:s Hits Tokyo
DIST BOMBER COMMAND

DIST BOMBER COMMAND
HEADQUARTERS, GU A M,
THURSDAY, May 24.-W.H-
The largest fleet of B-29 Sup
erfortresses ever sent aloft-
more than 550Nseared Tokyo
with the greatest fire bomb raid
in history early today. The
Giant raiders dropped more
than 1850 tons of incendiaries
in a 105-minute attack-heavfer
than any single American as
sault against Germany.
The attack, 18th of the war
on Tokyo and 10th on the jap
anese mainland by the Super
f0rtresses, was directed against
Shinagawa, industrial heart Of
the city. More than 5000
Americans manning the bomb
ers were over the Nipponese
capital during the attack.
Pathfinder planes manned by
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-24
Interim Rule
To Be Named
For England
RA1.l0T SOUGHT SOON
Parliament To Be Dissolved
By Proclamation
June Is

LONDON, May % (R Prime
Minister Churchill forced Britain's
first first general election in 10 years
Nv resigning today as chief of the
p ~ wartime coalition govern
ment in the midst of an old-fashlon-
Cd slugging political campaign.
King George vi, to whom the 10
vear.old premier formally rendered
His resignation, appointed Chur-
chill TO form temporary care
taker government'' to serve until
after the elections, which promised
fireworks between the Aggressive
Labor party and the longrdominant
Conservatives.
At Churchill's request the King
announced that the present parlia-
ment would be dissolved by royal
proclamation on June Is, the next
step toward calling a general cleo
ton, probably on July 5. The result
will remain locked in the ballot
boxes for 20 days, until the service
mems vote mas been tailed.
At the hour Churchill was break
ing up the wartime cabinet he
formed in Britain's darkest days in
1910 his Conservative party was
undergoing soaring attack at
,Blackpool by two Laborite cabinet
ministers, Ernest Beven, minister
of labor and Clement Attlee, deputy
prime minister.
Addressing convention of the
Labor party, Bevin-a possible sue
cessor to Churchill as premier
blamed the conservative party
for the suspicion which he said was
growing in British Russian rela-
tons and bound the Labor party, if
elected, to correct the situation.
Bevin said he always had be-
lleved that the tragedy after the
last great war was the failure to
invite Russia to Versailles.
Attlee, joining Bevin in outlining
the labor 2arty's policy, declared
the problems of peace could be
solved only by building upon in
ternational organization" The con-
ventlon overwhelmingly adopted
resolution charging that:
British government policy, now
and for the future of certain lib
Grated countries in Europe, par
ucularly Belgium. Greece, Italy
'Oontinued on Page Three; Col. II
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-24


smaller ones:
eff you want world organiza-
ton that can keep peace, you'll
have to go along with us. If you
don't go along, you won't get an
organization that will work.
The core of the argument is
whether big powers will give up
some of their authority to block
peace-enforcement action or insist
on retaining it exactly as they want
it.
Little nations want some conces-
sions Particularly, they want to
remove any chance that single
major power can prevent peace
full settlement or even investigation
of an international dispute.
They have asked the nations
sponsoring the conference.-the
ain, China, Russia and America-to
define their position specifically
in answers to % pointed questions.
And before the reply is given, it
was indicated, the issue may have
to be referred to President Tru-
man, Prime Minister Churchill,
Premier Stain and Generalissimo
Chang Kai-Shek.
While the maneuvering on this
biggest remaining problem of the
conference was going on, a war
end political upheaval in Britain
reached into the parley but touch
ed it lightly.
Five of the British delegation
resigned, not as delegates. but as
members of their government.
This resulted, according to normal
practice, from the resignation of
=.
ff,onf;nuaJ -, Do o Three. Col ~
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-24
WEATHER
Eastern Standard Time)
tBy U. S. Weather Rureau,

Eastern Standard Time)
No.. NY U. S. Weather Bureau)
end ,'eoIoioglcal data for the "a hours
s l'3o pm, yesterday.
Lon Temperature
7.a nv IAN am. 70; 7:3O am, 81; 1870 pm, 70;
Noroaal15 u 81; Minimum 66; Mean IS;
Ian Humidity
ian i'u va am, 81; 7:3o am, 90; 1870 pm, As;
To.., Precipitation
oNo 't a. Tor the "a hours ending 7:30 pm.
la Ot ino. since the first of the month,
tFroa. Tides For Today
U. SIN n. the Tide Tables published by
e0ast and Geodetic Survey
Wilminfoo High Low
-------------- 7:57a 2:5oa
Masonhoro 49,, 8:31p 3:O5p
inlet ---------- 5:47a LISA
Sunr;r. 6:21p
sosn,i H. 5:o4; Sunset, 7:13; Moonrise
sS ts,s. Moonset, 3:52a. '- ~
@ river at Fayetteville, 1a:1s.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-24
In Britain
Won't Affect Farley

SAN FRANCISCO, May 23HBig and little countries at the
struggled through gofwr great
machinery today the
come may effective world organization will be-
big power might the point where the
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-24
FORECAST

partly cloudy and mild today Gentle
fa loderate northerly winds.
70 vtnas g' temperature:
4ieh, 84-Low, e6.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-05-24

'oontinued on Page Three; Col. u
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-14
Continued on Page D
Nude Petting Party Roided

Pasadena, Cal, March IA - NU' PD - Francis McGough. 54. a teacher at Pasadena Junior College was to appear in court today Tor sentencing on a morals charge TOT taking 19-year-old coed on a nude "petting party"
 McGough pleaded guilty last night to the misdemeanor. He Said he had only one defense - that pretty Margaret Alice DaVis, the girl involved, encouraged me-
 Miss Davis, found sitting nude in the car with McGough, said she'd done so before. She was ordered back to the Camarillo State Hos- pital, where she'd been treated re- gently after a nervous breakdown.
 Both insisted the affair hadn't gone beyond the betting stage" Miss Davis said she'd gone with Mc- Cough, father of two children, be- cause "after all, he was my teacher. He told her, she said, that you need an emotional outlet-this VIII be good for you"
 Police arrested the pair in car in a Pasadena Park. Miss Davis told officers that McGough, an instruc- tor in manual arts, seemed very interested in the girls in his classes especially the ones who wore eVeaters'
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-14
Movie Ticket Ceilings Out

Washingon, March 14.-CUP)- The Senate Banking Committee de. cided today it doesn't think price controls on movie tickets are ncces. sary.
 Chairman Robert F. Wagner, D, N. r., said after an executive ses. sion that the committee considers OPA Administrator Chester Bowles presented mo evidence to justify his request for legislation to put OFA price controls on movie admis- sions, ball games, concerts and other amusements.
 But, he said, Bowles will be in- vited to tell his story to the com mitee in person next Tuesday.
 Bowles asked for the legislation yesterday in a lettert Wagner. The senators read it today. It said movie admission prices had gone Up 381s per cent since June, l94l' One-third of the increase, Bowles iaid, is traceable to taxes.
 Wagner and Sen. Charles W. To- bey, R., N. H., said Bowles seems to have had a change of heart in the last l3 days. On March l, they said, Bowles testified that the req son for original exemptions from price control of newspapers, wages and domestic servants-and movies --."l emained persuasive"
 "Then he said mo-" Tobey re. marked. Now he says yes"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-14
10000 New Autos Left

Washington, March IA - (U.P0- This country which used to turI out millions of automobiles ever! year now has only 10000 new car left So the Office of Price Admin istration today cut from 26 to eigh the categories of persons eligible tt buy new automobiles.
 The new cars are 1922 models OPA Chief Chester Bowles said per. sons cut out of the new-car eligibil- ity lists will be eligible for 1942 used cars.
 Groups retained on the new-cai eligibility list are: 1. Government employees en. gagged in fire-fighting, crime detec' ton. mail transportation. and en- forcement of health and safety laws.
 2. Physicians, surgeons and mid wives. who are governmentally lic- ensed.
 3. Farm veterinarians, regularly licensed.
 4. Public Health Nurses but moi private nurses.
 s. Ministers or religious practi- tioners other than ministers author ized by organized religious faiths
 G. Members of the armed forces or state military forces who need cars for official business.
 '. Taxicab owners for replace ments or approved fleet additions.
 8. Owners of car-rental busi- nesses who need cars exclusively for rental to persons in the other seven categorieS.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-14
Apologies
 To Churchill

London, March IA - U.P) - Prime Minister Churchill chal- lenged Laborite Richard Stokes in Commons today to repeat a charge that he had lied about the quality of British tanks, and Stokes apolo- gized.
 Stokes gave the lie to Churchill last night during Commons debate on British tanks. A bristling Churchill rose in the House today and invited Stokes to repeat "his exact words here and now" He ob- served that Stokes had made the charges without giving him notice and in his absence.
 Stokes admitted that he had been guilty of using "unparliamentary language, apologized, and said he was ready to concede that he might have engaged in a "terminological inexactitude."
 Then Stokes reiterated his charge that both Commons and the coun- try had been deceived in statements regarding the quality of British tanks. After his apology he added:
 Tn saying that. wish to make 1t perfectly clear that l do not de- part from the substance of what l said. Both this house and the coun- try have been deceived
 In his original charge last night, Stokes said that both the Prime Minister and the Minister of Pro- duction. Captain Oliver Lyttelton, had lied about the tanks.
 Arthur Greenwood, labor leader,
 (Continued on Page 4)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-14
Lewis Not To Favor Answer

Washington, March IA. = (UPs - A spokesman for the nations soft coal producers predicted today that John L. Lewis wont like" the oper- ators' answer to his 18 new con- tract demands for his 400 900 Unitet; Mine Workers.
 He declined to reveal the nature of the operators reply. But he said 1t could be assumed that it would be presented to Lewis when joint con- tract negotiations were resumed to- day. The present contract expires in IT days.
 Lewis has asked the goverenment to poll his miners on March 28. thres days before the contract ends, to determine their readiness to strike if they have no new work agree ment.
 Some quarters here were speculate ing on the possibility that if no real progress is apparent in the contract talks. the government may seize the l500O bituminous mines before the scheduled March 28 strike vote.
 There also was speculation that the operators may offer Lewis con- tract for the duration of the war in Europe which would incorporate some of his demands. Lewis asked that the new contract be subject to termination on 20 days notice by either party. In the past. contracts have run two years.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-14
Body Still Unidentified

Police are attempting to establish the identity of human skeleton found by hree boys in woods near Lakewood Park yesterday after noon. No calls have yet been made claiming the body Chief Inspector Joseph R. Bender reported.
 The man. apparently a suicide by hanging, had been dead more than year, probably since the fall of 1943. pr. Edward H. Kirschbaum, the medical examiner, stated.
 A possible clue to the mans identity may be gained through a plate of lower false teeth found in his shirt pocket. The man was clad in gray coat sweater and dark trousers, a white shirt, gray socks, ana LOW placR snoes. A gray felt nat was found nearby. Police deduced that the man was about five feet, eight or nine inches tall and weigh ed about 150 or 160 pounds.
 Tn his pockets were an odd but ton-down tobacco pouch, some Prince Albert cigarette papers and an Ingraham pocket watch. Nearby was a hand mirror and an empty fifth whiskey bottle.
 The discovery was made shortly after { o'clock yesterday afternoon by John Bosco. Jr., l2, Joseph Bos- co, 10, and Anthony Emmanuel, Jr.. 10, when they wetn after their kite which snagged in tree.
 The skeleton, headlesS, was
 (Continued on Page D
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-14
5th RepuIses Nozi Attacks

Rome, March 14 (UP0 - American troops held firmly today to Mount Spigolino, IA miles north west of Pistola, after beating of a German counter-attack and infiict- ing heavy losses on the enemy.
 The $500 foot peak was occupied by Fifth Army units over the week. end in an operation to straighten their line in the central sector west of the Pistoia- Bologna highway.
 Another enemy attack was re- pulsed at an outpost south Of San Martino farther northeast. Other Fifth Army forces engaged German patrols east of the Reno river, north of besieged Vergato. German stronghold about IS miles south west of Bologna.
 Eight army patrols clashed with German raiding parties east Of Fosso Vetro in the Adriatic sector.
 Tank guns and artillery broke Up a German attack east of the Senio river on the Bagnacavallo road. killing 27 of the enemy. The Allies suffered one dead and some wound-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-14
Jops Discussing Air Roid Relief
(By United Press)

The Japanese House of Peers dis cussed urgent" air raid relief meas ures today only few hours after the third American 300-plane Sup erfortress attack in five days on Japan.
 The Tokyo Domei Agency said both upper and lower houses of the Diet hoped" the government would take drastic measures in view of the likelihood the air offensive would be intensified further.
 Members of the diet from bombed Tokyo, Nagoya and Osaka told Premier General Kuniaki Koiso yes- terday that the governments relief plans were inadequate and suggest ed immediate establishment of an overall air raid relief administra- tions.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-03-14
.Yonks Toke 4 Villages On Mindonoo
By H. ID. QUIGG

Manila, March l4-CUP)-Tank- paced American troops swept up four more villages on Mindanoa and stabbed more than two miles inland from Zamboango today against in- creaSing Japanese resistance.
 At the same time other American forces stepped up their campaign on Luzon. They cut the main Jap anese line east of Manila, cleared the entire western shore of Laguna bay and reopened Batangas bay to U. s. shipping.
 The mounting ground offensives on Luzon and Mindanao, largest strongholds of the Japanese in the Philippines, came as American bombers opened a campaign to neu. tralize the 180-mile long Sulu archi- pelago stretching from Mindanao tc oil-rich Borneo. Liberator bomber' began the attack with 53-ton raid on Sanga Sanga and Zettel airdromes near the southern end of the island chain.
 Veteran fighters of the 4lst Di- vision fought behind tanks against Japanese machine-gun and mortar fire to expand the beachhead around Zamboanga at the south western tip of Mindanao, second largest island in the Philippines.
 A cluster Of four more villages Canelar, Sinonog, Pitogo and Santa Maria-were seized just north of Zamboanga and the troops last were reported more than two miles be- yond the city.
 As the Americans continued pur- suit of the Japanese into the hills
 Continued on Page 4