davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-09-21
Henry Ford Il Made
President Of Firm as
Grandfather Resigns
Motor Company Founder
Wishes to Devote Time
To Personal Interests
Ey the Associated .Sress

DETROIT, Sept. 21.-Henry
Ford II today became president
of the Ford Motor Co. He sue
ceeds his grandfather, Henry
Ford, who simultaneously an
nounced his resignation.
The younger Ford has been exec
utive vice president of the company
since April %. 1914.
The elder Ford in his letter oil
resignation to the directors said
80 I feel free to take this ster
because the critical period during
which I again assumed office ha.
passed. 1 have many personal in
terests to which I now desire te
devote most of my time.
Il shall be glad to remain on the
board, and to assist in an advisory
way"
Second Ford Resignation.
1t was the second time Henry
Ford had resigned the presidency
of the company he founded in 1903
He was president until December
81, 1918, when he was succeeded BY
his son, Edsel B. Ford. On June
l943, few days after Edsel Ford's
death, he again assumed the office
His grandson enlisted in the Navy
and advanced to the rank of lieu.
tenant, but was released after his
fathers death. He was born here
September 4, 1917. At Yale he hao
year of engineering and ther
switched to sociology and business
administration.
He was married on July 13, 1910
to Miss Anne Mcdonnell at South
ampton, Long Island. They have
two daughters.
He takes over full direction of q
company with assets in excess o.
81 1,000, 100000. 1t began with an
initial paid-in capital of $4,000.
His election is not expected tc
bring any sudden changes in com.
pany policy, although his associates
admit he has many ideas differing
from those of his famed grand
father.
Assumes Social Attitude.
In addressing meeting of the
National Automobile Dealers Asso-
citation here soon after becoming
executive vice president of the com.
pany, young Ford said:
Our postwar plans must not only
be of a product nature but of g
social nature. 1t seems to me the
job of the automobile industry after
the war is not only to build a worth.
while product but also to provide
its employees with a secure existence
and to educate them to further
progress"
Subsequently, discussing problems
of wages, he asserted mo wage il
too high if it is earned; $50 a day
would not be too high provided il
was earned. but ST day is too high
if it is not earned"
1t was largely young Ford's plan.
ming that enabled his company tt
be first back in 1916 model passenger
car production within a few day
after the war ended.
A week ago he announced closin.
of car production, asserting it wa
impossible to continue in the face o
a series of strikes among nearly ,
score of the company's supplying
firms. The shutdown forced $1,000
workers i1to idlopacc
Evening star., 1945-09-21
Hurlond Cliff Conked
In Batting Practice
By the Associated Press,

oS IFit ASSUCldteu FreSS.
NEW YORK, Sept. 21.-Wash-
ington's slim hopes of overhauling
Detroit in the American League
pennant race suffered a blow in
batting practice just before today's
game with the New York Yankees
when Harland Cliff, National third
sacker, was hit on the head by a
pitched ball. He was taken to a
hospital, but did not appear to be
badly hurt.
The pitch was thrown in batting
practice.
One game behind Detroit, the
Mats sent Johnny Niggeling to the
mound. The Yankees called on
right-hander Bill Zuber.
Etten's home run with two on
base gave New York a 3-to-0 lead
at the end of the first inning.
Evening star., 1945-09-21
EicheIberger Receives
Philippine Decoration
By the Associate j c1ess.

BY the Associated cIess.
TOKYO, Sept. 21.-Lt. Gen. Rob-
ert L. Eichelberger, commanding
general of the American 9th Army
now occupying Japan, today was
awarded the Distinguished Service
Star by the Philippine government
for "reconquest and liberation OF
the Philippines.
The citation said the general led
his forces in the islands campaign
with extraordinary brilliance and
outstanding effectiveness in ami
hilating powerful and tenacious
enemy"
Evening star., 1945-09-21
Laurel Results

FIRST RACE-Purse. $4,000; 3-year
olds and up claiming; furlongs
Chat Hopkins (Padgett) 1880 900 400
Beyond Hope (Scawthorn) $500 go
FogoSo (Rollins) . "a
Time, 1853
Also ran-Bill K, Park Heights, GAY
Buck. Don Orlan, Beanstalk Miss Abbie.
5ene Slam, Sea Lord, Brabant.
SECOND RACE-Purse S. 600: claim.
Under Cover (Kirk) l150 TAO 500
Loudoun Boy (Wood1 1880 SOC
Gee Tee Tee Young) 340
Time-1:15b.
Also ran--Our Sensation, Curler, Fernlet,
One Blend, Foxler. Bright Wave, Noble One,
Fagranny and Bullccld
Oaily Double paid S167.10.)'
Evening star., 1945-09-21

the carton. Tire marks, police said,
were visible on the crushed box.
The road is used by Washington
Suburban Sanitary Commission
trucks on their way to a nearby
dumping ground. Police were at
tempting to find out if one of these
trucks was involved.
The commission said it had the
facts of the accident but had not
yet confirmed that it was one OF
the commission trucks. A commits
sion official expressed the belief that
the child was hidden from the
drivers view by the carton.
Evening star., 1945-09-21
Gen. Macarthur
Orders Arrestof
Top Jap General
Also Issues New Code
To Guide Operations
Of Press and Radio
Ev the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
TOKYO, Sept. 21.-Gen. Mac
Arthur today ordered the i'm
mediate arrest" of 1t. Gen
Kenji Doihara, whose recent ap-
pointment to command Japan's
first general army was given Al
lied acceptance. Gen. MacAr
thur issued a 10-point code to
guide operations Of the censored
japanese press and radio.
Meanwhile, Japan's cabinet met
for three hours to discuss problems
which well-informed sources said
included mounting food shortages
and repatriation of japanese civil
ians from Manchuria and Korea.
The newspaper Asahi added an
other story to the tales Of japanese
surrender-crisis intrigue, reporting
that former Premier Kantaro Su-
zuki barely escaped with his life
from a band of armed japanese
soldiers August Is. The band, evil
IDENTIFY angered by surrender plans,
machine-gunned in quick succession
two houses from which Suzuki had
just departed.
Surprise to japanese.
Gen. Doihara, once called Japan's
Lawrence of Manchuria," was his
country's advance agent in its
AsiatiC conquest.
His appointment as commander
of the 1st General Army as success
sor to Field Marshal Gen Sugiyama
who committed suicide, was a sur
prise to many japanese, who said
his record was not one that would
inspire American confidence.
American Army officers. neverthe-
less, said after the conference that
Gen. Doihara had pledged full CO.
operation and was courteous and
cooperative
Gen. MacArthur'S code for the
japanese press specified that news
must adhere strictly to the truth
and said that nothing may be
printed which might directly or in
directly disturb public tranquility.
Rather than restrict the press
which already is American-ce
the code emphasized truth in news
and the elimination of propaganda
Gen. Macarthur previously had
laid down set of regulations for
Japanese editors For infractions, he
suspended the Domei news agency
and two newspapers briefly.
Sasebo to Be Taken Over.
American Marines today prepared
to expand the smoothly running
occupation of Japan to the big naval
bases of Sasebo on Kyushu. The
5th Amphibious Force is scheduled
to take over the base tomorrow.
The roundup of war criminals con-
tinued smoothly, with 9th Army
Forces taking Australian John Hol-
land, allegedly linked with Tokyo
radio broadcasts, from barber
shop at Sopporo on Hokkaido. He
will join ex-Premier Hideki Tojo's
Pearl Harbor gang in Jail at Tokyo
Gen. MacArthurs headquarters
Evening star., 1945-09-21
Bill to End War Time
Forwarded to Trumun
Ey the Associated Pres.

BY the Associated Press.
Congress has voted to end war
time at am. September 30.
The Senate passed House.
approved bill yesterday and sent it
to President Truman for his expect.
ed signature.
Evening star., 1945-09-21
Singapore Wire Opened

SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 81 Dr.
Radio Corp. of America resumed
communications between here and
Singapore yesterday.
Evening star., 1945-09-21

(See DEWEY, Page A-4.
Evening star., 1945-09-21

(See ACHESON, Page A.
Evening star., 1945-09-21

(See BUDGET, Page A-4.)
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-09-06

living for farmers is that it takes
cash to secure electricity, tele-
phones, radios, automobiles and
other conveniences. While large
number of agriculturalists have all
of the items mentioned there are
many others who lack the where
withal to purchase them,
This brings us back to the basic
complaint of farmers, that their
incomes do not equal those OF
other industries. This does not
mean that every farmer should
have the same pay as every me-
chanic but it does mean that farm
ing, as an occupation, should pre-
sent the same opportunity for
money making that exists in other
lines Of human endeavor.
The income of agriculture has
been well below that of other eco
nomic activities. Constituting one
fourth of the population the resi-
dents of rural areas have not en-.
joyed anything like one-fourth Of
the national income. Despite the
increase in farm income during
the war years there has been little
progress ON the equalization Of
prospective and comparative farm
incomes.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-09-06
Food Production
To Dip Further

"In 1915, Eurore's production was
10 per cent under her normal pro-
duction. Next year, production will
be Is per cent under this year. That
means the people of Europe will
need Is per cent more than in nor
NAL times. It does not necessarily
mean that the United States will fur
nish total Of Is per cent more Of
everything. For instance, Canada
will furnish more wheat than before
so we won't have to increase our
quota, but we shall probably be
called upon for more of the protein
foods, especially the milk products
Before answering my second ques-
ton, my friend explained the para
dox that peace has cut down Eu-
ropes producing power. While the
European nations were overrun with
a conquering army. he elucidated,
while part Of the fields of the con-
tinent were being riddled with shells
and later Quilted with tanks, produc-
ton fell off only some 10 per cent
from normal. This is the reason:
The Germans had to maintain a
working economy - nations
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-09-06
Why People Leave
Rural Areas

SENATOR GEORGE L. RAD
CLIFFE, Of Maryland, is dis
turbed over the war-speeded tend
eRcy Of the nations population to
leave the rural areas for city life.
He thinks there is "great need
for people to 60 back TO rural
areas"
The drift from the farm has
concerned many people for many
years but it continues undated
and there is little chance of stop
ping the trend until the economic
rewards that come to farmers
make agriculture more attractive
as source of each.
The country has become a very
attractive place of residence since
modern inventions and develop
meiits have made it possible to en-
joy electricity, telephones, radios
and other conveniences on the
farm. Not least of the contribu-
tions to better living in rural
areas have been the automobile
and good highways.
The only catch in the scheme of
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-09-06

they occupied and also they did not
wish to destroy the resources of
territory which they hoped to ex-
plot. When they knew they were
beaten, they stole what they could
eat or carry and tried to destroy
what they couldn't move; much
breeding Stock had already been
slaughtered.
OfGcourse, we must not be led
astray by this figure of 10 per ceut
the decrease in the total ppoduc-
ton in Europe in wartime. There
was a Sharp cut in certain products
and am Increase IN others. The en-
tire pattern of the agriculture was
altered. lFor example, the livestock
raisers,. always Imported feed.
When it was cut off there had to be
a shift from livestock to root crops.
Potatoes ana beets make for very
monotonous diet, but they were fill
ing while they lasted.
The Germans' organized and regi-
mented farm labor in all countries
including their OWL. qThey main
tanned transportation fairly we'll I'M
til just before the invasion. Now
transportation is utterly disrupted,
there are millions of displaced per-
sons, farm machinery is broken
down.
But this doesn't answer question
number two; Why can't Europe
feed herself in normal times? Are
the people so much lazier or be-
times that they can't make
things grow as we do? ~
Before answering that, question,
my friend reminded me that it was
true that nobody always works at
maximum efficiency, that most peo-
pie can do more when they have to
than when they don't, especially
when there is some extraordinary
urge such as war. Take our own
case: with thousands of farm boys
in the munitions factories and with
the armed forces, what did America
do? ast3
American farm production in 1914
was increased, despite its handicap.
Sc per cent beyond the 1885 to
1889 level.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-09-06
U. S. Population
Increases

THE CENSUS Bureau advises
that the population of the
United States has increased more
than eight million in the last five
years, now reaching the top figure
of 130,3s2,OO0.
1t is interesting to note that the
rate of increase, despite the war,
was nearly twice that Of the pre-
ceding ten years. This about dis
poses of the theory that wars re-
duce population and if there is any
truth in the theory that the pres
sure of populations produced wars
we are in for more fighting.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-09-06
Note The Tankers!
m THE MIGHTY fleet Of

-
Allied ships in Toyko Bay, the
Navy lists twelve battlcshipsy II
large aircraft carriers. six escort
carriers, 80 cruisers and ninety
one destroyers. All but eighteen of
the warships are American YES
sells.
II 10 interesting to note that the
fleet includes SO tankers. These
ships go far to explain the amaz-
ing mobility Of American fleets Of
war which battered the Japanese
Navy into submission and then
with imphgnity bombarded the
mainland of Japan. Also signifi.
cant is the presence of nine large
ammunition ships and three hospi.
tai ships. .ss'a....s.
AS usual, the Navy is ready fol-
anything.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-09-06
British Worst-Dressed?

DURING THE WAR the British
people were severely restricted
in the purchase of clothes and it
may surprise some Americans to
hear that now, when both wars
have ended, the allowance of cloth
ing coupons has been reduced one
fourth.
Sir Stafford Grips, President
of the Board of Trade, suggests
that his nation has dropped to
third place from the bottom
among Europe's best-dressed pop
ulations. AS he made his state
-ment he was. standing side.hy-side
with Sir Thomas Barlow, Director
General of Civilian Clothing, who
wore a ten-year-old coat, darned
flannel trousers and frayed col
lar.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-09-06
Britdin's Farm
Output High

But what about England where the
boys were in the army and the NUM-
tons factories, too; where farmers
had to farm in the blackout and
around the shell-craters in their
ields2 The British increased their
production 65 per cent - they we're
nearer to the front than we were
They had a greater incentive.
For the same reason, the distribu-
ton was far better than in Ameri-
ca. RECOMMENDATION was more strin-
gent. The government in England
bought all the food and distributed
it itself 1t cracked down hard on
the black markets. In this country,
popular opinion prevented such in
reference with private enterprise.
And so in America we permitted
the processing and distribution in
dustries to onerate IT profit. In
Brit" f govern
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-09-06

UANO OOANtCCa AVN ANyC OhANCSp @NNNb
Washington, ID. G. lt 4
I've just come up from the barn
yard of a Maryland farm. In the
barn was a copfortablec crop Of hay
and wheat outside a herd of fat
Guernseys of all ages from a two
weeks old calf up. Most Of the
chickens were already cooling them
selves in locker. There wasSenly
one thing for the farmer TO COM
plain about and The hogs got a
break out of that-the oats.
Just too wet this year." he-Saii.
For fear it would set HAe barn
afre. if he stored it in fiat condi-
ton, the farmer explained that he
had to dumpfit" andea batch Of
shoats were leaping around in the
spoiled grain fike jack-rabbits. Most
of the farmers hereabouts lost their
oats, too. IA
All week in Washington, I'd been
reading, taxing and thinking about
farm products along with our other
reconversion problems. We, in the
United States, are going to get pnly
about three-quarters of what we
raise this year, according to unoffi-
cial estimates. Europe is going to
need about rs per cent more food
and textiles than she normally
needs.
hear the questions asked: Why
should we be expected to send all
this food to Europe? Why can't she
produce her own? Are the people too
lazy, or inefficient or what?
put those two questions to a
member of the department of agri-
culture who is just back from an in
spection tour Of Europe.
Europe has always imported
food, in peace and in war; in fat
years and lean," he answered. ITO
send food to Europe is the natural
thing. Not to send it would be I'M
natural"
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-09-06
Waiting Contest

Hard as it may be to get a died
in the wool bureaucrat thinking
about winter problems in the sum-
mer time, unless something unusual
happens, cold weather will come
again. One of these days school
bell will ring, a boy will come down
the street bouncing football and
after that it won't be long. More
over winter calls for a lot of things
that are scarce now.
Let's take shoes as a down-to-
earth illustration. Which is better
for keeping a boys feet off the
frosty ground, a 1912 price ceiling
or a pair of good heavy brogues
with wool socks in them? That's the
problem before the American peo-
pie, with school bells only few
days away. Getting into production
on civilian goods is what the OPA
is eurre- fling.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-09-06
Switzerland's Safety
THE WILLINGNESS Of a natl,


to fight for its Independence
does net always preserve it. Many
persons believe that Switzerland
maintains its independence and
neutrality during world wars
because the Swiss have citizen
military training and stand ready
to defend their domains.
This seems to overlook the fact
that Poland, ready to fight, was
brutally beaten and that the same
fate has happened to other nations
able and willing to give battle to
foreign invaders. Looking for an
other cause of Switzerland's sue
cess we find it, we think, in the
fact that the mountainous country
happens not to lie in the path of
conquest.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-09-06
No Solutions

AMERICAN correspondents are
now permitted in Poland, Bull
garia, Finland, Yugoslavia and
Czechoslovakia and will soon be
telegraphing their revelations to
the people of the United States.
While we yield to no one in the
value attached to news reports we
have not the slightest idea that
the entry of American correspond
ents will solve any of the prob
lens that afflict the nations listed
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-09-06

Reconversion query: Will rede-
ployment mean unemployment. or
how soon viii the redeployed become
the re-employed?
Don't say American business
can't come back fast = the dav
after surrender day a silk hose
salesman called at my office. And
l expect the retired auto salesman
will be next.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-09-06
Veterans = Your Rights Under
"G-I Bill Of Rights

Editors Note Questions and answers most asked By
haze been obtained the United States
Veterans Bureau and believed every detail
We hope this efOrt acI be of help returning
veter0ns.
QUESTION: Am eligible receive the provisions of the
CT Bill of Rights?
ANSWER: You served in the the
United States received honorable discharge
Your Of service have days more
should have records to show service between September
49, 1910 and the termination of state of mind
however, that employment benefits available any
service man, matter what the length of service.
QUESTION: In view of the fact that there different
kinds of discharges TO that only holding
honorable discharges unable to avail themselves
of the HRill of Rights? E
so ANSWER: With qualifications The only qualified
eligible is the holding honorable discharge
However holders Of blue discharges will until an
investigation be made by the Veterans Administration as to
the circumstances governing the issuance of the discharge
40 to determine whether not the with
holding benefits
Ks~ ~ More neat ~eek)
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-09-06

ment operat.vn. patloning was
stricter, too.
So much for Britain's wartime eff
fort. Now, what about the efficiency
of her production in normal times?
My informant gave me some i'm
pressive figures.
He pointed to Americas two typi-
cal farm states which taken together
are just about equal to Britain in
area: Iowa and Indiana. Believe it
or not in normal times Britain pro-
duces more wheat, barley and oats
than those two states combined.
Britain also produces more cattle
than Texas which is six times as
large-more potatoes than all our
chief potato states including Maine
and Idaho, more dairy products than
Wisconsin.
Then why on EARTH" l. inter-
rupted, cant they feed themselves
over there?"
Back came the answer: For the
same reason that New York state
with its skilled farmers, its splen-
did soil, its up-to-date methods,
can't feed itself any more than the
District of Columbia can. In Europe
as in these more heavily populated
areas in the United States, there are
just too many people"
If we want these Europeans to
live and prosper and earn the money
to buy our automobiles and type
writer's and other gadgets which
keep our factories running, we'll
have TO keep on sending food to Eu-
rope as we always have.
Recently was asked to make a
recording which was to be deposited
in the archives of George Washing
ton university, as part of series
made for the use of the class of the
year 2007. 1t is somewhat fantastic
idea to be sure, but it is seriously
undertaken and l responded in as
serious vein as I could muster.
can't repeat what I said as that is
supposed to be held as a big sur
prise for the class of 2007. However.
the whole idea intrigues me so much
that I have been thinking about it
ever since.
The fact that this year begins
what some people call the atomic
age" makes the speculation all the
more interesting. In 1899 when the
first successful experiment in split
ting the atom" and releasing the
vast power which literally holds the
world together was reported chiefly
in scientific publications, as of great
academic Importance. One writer
said the experiment might have no
results of interests beyond the labo-
ratory. Six years later continual
ton of those experiments ended
the Japanese war.
The forces released, however.
were largely uncontrolled and pure
ly destructive.
Win the class of 2007 have to look
up the word "coal' because it has
been forgotten? Will all our mod
ern means of generating power be
displaced by the atoms forces, care
fully controlled and directed to the
uses of peace and progress?