davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-02-10
The Political Mill
Bv Gould LincoIn

Gov. Thomas E. Dewey's first speech
as titular head Of the Republican party,
delivered at a Lincoln Day dinner here
Thursday night, was generally acclaimed
although 1t left some OF the Republican
members of Congress cold and critical.
What the New York Governor did was
to outline Republican demand that the
United States Government be "in the
front line" on the diplomatic front as
we'll as in the front line on the battle
front. He also outlined a Republican
front in opposition to Government DOM
ination of the people and to the New
Deal policy of governmental spending
as cure-all for domestic ills.
His critics among the Republicans
assert he was not specific enough, did
not deal with the issues which immedi-
ately confront Congress, such as the
Wallace appointment to be Secretary Of
Commerce, the limited national service
bill and the subject of universal military
training as a peacetime policy
Gov. Dewey's failure to deal with spe-
ciflc issues confronting Congress. how
ever, does not mean that he will not
speak out on them in the future. When
he does 1t will be after thorough con-
ference with the Republican leaders in
the Senate and House. If he is to be
the leader Of the Republican party, If
his voice is to count for much, it must
be with the backing of united party.
x&
All Of which emphasizes the need Of
an adequate party program-such as has
been suggested by Republican National
Chairman Herbert Brownell, jr. Beyond
a doubt the Republicans in Congress
must have a prominent part in the
drafting Of such a program There has
been too much hit and miss in the past,
without unified action by the Republi-
cans in both houses. The Republican
leaders in the Senate and House. how
ever, are even now seeking to cure this
situation by more frequent conferences.
Certainly this is the aim of the trium-
virate heading the Republican organi-
zation Of the Senate, White of Maine,
the floor leader; Vandenberg Of Mich
igan, the chairman of the Republican
conference of the Senate, and Taft of
Ohio. chairman of the Republican Steer
ing Committee
Evening star., 1945-02-10

been made to send relief ships to
Belgium. and as soon as possible to
the Netherlands. Full-scale relief,
OF course, will have to wait until Nazi
Germany is knocked out. but for
humanitarian reasons as well as for
the future political health OF West
ern Europe. Britain and America
should feel impelled, meanwhile, to
send help as promptly and as gen.
erously as military conditions permit.
Evening star., 1945-02-10
Fog

Like loDely and impossible fouers IN a
dream,
Soft haloes OF neon lights bloom
through the haze,
And, dreanlike, the evening streets are
all silenced no,D; s.
Muted the roice, soft the step on the
pauement's glaze.
Distant and lost, bank clock chimes
the hour;
Far OF the riDer boats CRY IN the
nu0ied dark,
And under the siluer luster of n,tsted
gig lamps
The wet leaues soundlessly drip In the
park.
And here the spectral ,oalkers mope side
By side,
Silent heart thoughtful NTH deep
silent heart,
Moving As shodotDs II hushed siluer
reverie,
Close each to each IN the fog, and yet
Uorlds Gpayt..
FREDERICK EBRIGHT,
Evening star., 1945-02-10
n This Changing World u
Bv COnsfanfjns BrO,Cn

The Japanese naval high command Is
confronted with dimcult and unpleas-
ant task It Is being prodded by the
army to come out and fight so as to
delay further American penetration into
the inner circle of Japan's defenses. Yet
the japanese Navy dare not confess that
the fleet has dwindled to q negligible
force compared to the large feet Of
Admiral Nimitz.
Whereas during the first 10 months OF
war the Japanese were the masters Of
the Pacific. the japanese combat feet
today Is reduced to less than q dozen
battleships, a score or so Of heavy and
light cruisers. several dozen destroyers
and fewer than 10 carriers.
II 1t decides to give battle, this force
must confront far stronger and more
modern American Navy. The admiralty
has been able to keep It's weakness such
a great secret that even the highest
ranking generals may not realize that
henceforth they cannot count on effi-
cient support from what used to be the
pride of the nation.
+ ~
The only hope the japanese admirals
have for temporary success Is to catch
some weak American task fleet by sur
prise and overwhelm 1t. The chances
of doing so, however, are extremely
small. Their last hope was dashed in
the battle of the Sulu Sea when the few
remaining modern japanese men-of-war
engaged the American forces under the
command Of Admiral Thomas Kinkaid,
consisting principally of old Pearl Har-
Dor battlewagons," with disastrous con-
sequences.
There is no desire on the part of the
American Navy to underrate its oppo-
nents. The japanese officers and crews
can fight. They know how to handle
their ships and can shoot straight But
1t is the high command which Is faulty.
The downfall Of the Japanese Navy
began after the battle of Midway. Later
an airplane accident" killed Admiral
Yamamoto, the japanese admiral who
was going to dictate peace in the White
House. This deprived the Japanese Navy
OF Its best strategist since Admiral Togo.
The three successors of Yamamoto
have either been overconfdent or timor-
Gus. Some of them relied too much on
the reports of their optimistic airmen,
who told of the destruction Of a far
larger number Of American vessels than
they had actually destroyed. The jana
Evening star., 1945-02-10
Help Needed

The resignation Of the Pierlot
government in Belgium and of the
Netherlands exile government in
London stems directly from sharp
differences existing among numer-
Gus Belgian and Dutch political fac
tions. But highly important con-
tributory cause-perhaps the chief
basic cause-is the bitter economic
stress now being suffered in both
countries.
Belgium, whose national economy
Is heavily dependent on agricultural
imports and on imports of raw ma
terials vital to it's industries, has not
been getting these imports in any
thing like the quantities needed.
Virtually everything shipped to Ant
werp has been going necessarily to
our Allied armies, with the result
that the Belgians are seriously short
of food and also of fuel with which
to keep themselves warm during a
hard winter. The Netherlands is
even worse off. There. with vast
farm areas flooded by the Nazis and
with the greater part of the country
yet to be liberated, actual starvation
conditions prevail, and. according
, reliable account. the Dutch as
!, ole are undergoing an ordeal
probably as terrible as any yet suf-
fered by any European people.
Political stability obviously can
not thrive under such conditions. If
the Dutch and the Belgians were not
hungry and cold, their governments
would be less vulnerable to upsets.
Their present trial is largely an
unavoidable part of the war. the
harsh last hour before victory and
full liberation, but whatever can be
done to alleviate 1t, or to shorten it,
should be done.
some arrangements have already
Evening star., 1945-02-10
A New Nazi Problem
By Maj. George Fieldine Eliot

The Canadian LIST Army's offensive
southeast of Nijmegen poses another
difncult problem for the German COM
mander in chief in the west. Field Mar
shall Won Rundstedt has spent q good
part of his painfully collected mobile
reserve in the fruitless battle of the
Ardennes, in which he gained a little
time at too high a price.
He has spent a smaller part of that
reserve in the equally fruitless prestige"
battle in Alsace, in which he was sharply
defeated. He has had to transfer some
of his mobile troops-probably the 9Th
Panzer Army, or what was left of ito
bolster up the crumbling eastern front,
and he does not know at what moment
that theater.
After the Allied armies had eliminated
the Ardennes bulge" the American LIST
and 3rd Armies kept right on going.
They are pressing forward into German
territory, in difncult country, it is true,
and without spectacular gains, but max
ing steady progress. 1t is now obvious
the immediate objective of the 1st Army
is to obtain possession Of the dam system
which controls the waters of the Roer
River, thus making 1t impossible for the
Germans to flood that rivers course at
villa
Meanwhile, the United States 9th
Army has maintained its position along
the river. and on its left the British and
Army has moved up to the Roer all along
its course from its mouth at Roermond
right down to junction with the left
flank OF the 9Th Army at Linnich.
When the dams have been taken, pre-
venting any sudden flooding Of the river,
Won Rundstedt may well expect . major
offensive by these two armies Omitted
States 9th and British 2nd) straight
across the Roer into the Cologne Plain.
II he, does expect such an attack, he
viii wish to have as much as Is left Of
his mobile reserves In position to meet
! it. But he viii also wish to postpone 1t
as long as possible, in order to have more
time to complete his material defenses
and to reconstitute the broken units
rescued from the Ardennes bulge SO as
to have somewhat larger reserve. In
order to postpone the attack, he must
reinforce the dam area against the fur
ther progress Of the 1st Army, which
depleteS his reserve. This - the smaller
Of his two vicious circles.
The larger is provided by the attack
Of the Canadian LIST Army In the north
This attack has begun modestly, on {
5-to-6-mile front. moving eastward Just
south Of the Rhine, between the Rhine
and the nnrthern edge Of the Reich
forest (Reichswaldl.
But It has already gained from : to
Evening star., 1945-02-10
In His Lair

There was a time when Hitler's
legions strutted like supermen along
the shores of the Black Sea- But now
in that same region, where they
strut no more, the mightiest coali-
tion in history has fashioned plans
for the final destruction of Nazidom.
"The Oder line" says the Moscow
radio, has been pierced and Berlin
in panic is witnessing the crumbling
of the last obstacles in its forefield."
And in the west General Eisen-
hower's Allied armies are moving
into grand offensive against the
vitalS of the Reich. And in the air
giant fleets of British and American
bombers keep hammering away re-
morselessly. giving the enemy no
rest, pounding him by day and night,
and strewing fame and wreckage
across the length and breadth of his
land.
North, south, east and west, wher-
ever they look-even in Italy-the
Nazis find themselves caught in a
room whose walls of fire and steel
keep closing in until the room itself
becomes smaller and smaller and
threatens to crush all life within.
How changed the picture is! These
are the same people who only five
years or so ago said they wanted
"Lebensraum," and then gobbled up
Austria and Czechoslovakia, and
brought agony to Poland, and struck
down the Danes, the Norwegians, the
Belgians, the Dutch and the French
with such brutal and efficient might
that they made nearly all the world
tremble and stand in fear of them.
These are the same people who came
close to destroying Britain and who
shattered Yugoslavia and Greece
and who then thundered across the
steppes of Russia. These are the
people who o'r,ost won the Battle of
the Atlantic, who marched as far as
Stalingrad, who hammered at the
gates of Alexandria and Suez and
who once seemed so invincible that
they themselves believed they would
one day be the master race of all
races everywhere.
1t is not so long ago, actually, that
these things happened. AS recently
as last May the Nazis were still in
the Crimea in the Black Sea, perhaps
very near the meeting place where
American, British and Russian plans
have just been co-ordinated to put
an end forever to the whole evil
structure of Hitlerism. How the
mighty have fallen! Where once
they stood astride half a world,
whipping and terrorizing it, the su-
permen now whirl in a frenzy in
their own lair, their spectacular for
ward marches of yesteryear having
been totally reversed and all their
monumental victories being turned
to ashes. And with the Russians less
than 40 miles from Berlin and with
Eisenhower's armies moving deeper
and deeper into Germany from the
west, the lair itself grows ever small
er and the walls, like doom, keep
closing in. In desperation and with
the wild and dangerous strength of
a trapped animal, this enemy may
yet fight on for many a long and
bloody week, but the mark of death
is already upon him: he has lost
everything, and there is no escaping
the kill
Evening star., 1945-02-10

nese then discovered to their disunay
that some Of the battleships, carriers
and cruisers which had been placed out
OF action by the optimistic aviation
leaders were In fact intact and ready to
tight. A number of such unfortunate
encounters had telling effect on the
Japanese naval power.
After Pearl Harbor and after the
japanese land and naval victories In
the South Pacific the score was over
whelmingly against the United States,
particularly in the matter of battleships,
airplanes, carriers and destroyers. The
fact is that, despite its excellent espio-
mage system, the Japanese naval and
military high command did not believe
that in less than two years the American
Navy would be back on its feet and have
an even greater punch than before the
war.
II the japanese Army command Is
now considering resisting the Allies on
the Asiatic mainland, 1t is because 1t
has come to realize that unless the navy
can seriously cripple the American fleets
which are now closing on Japan, the
whole country will be subjected to aerial
devastation and that it may be neces-
sary to move Japan's government to
Occupied China.
But for the time being the Japanese
Army Is still convinced that the Japa-
nese naval command is just, biding its
time to catch and destroy the American
Navy. This tone of confidence is notice.
able in some of the Tokyo and Singapore
broadcasts. The offlcial Japanese spokes-
men hint almost daily at major naval
battle which will decide the fate Of the
war and are telling their people that
the navy Is about ready to strike and is
only waiting for the most favorable
moment
The American Navy Is hopeful that a
battle actually will materialize. But
their hopes for a real knockout fight
have been frustrated several times in
the last IL months. Admiral William F.
Halsey has used every conceivable device
to try to lure the Japanese into the final
encounter. He has had no success, and
since in the last few months the losses
of the enemy in capital ships and large
cruisers have been substantially in
creased over the production of the navy
yards, it Is unlikely that the American
admirals will have their hopes realized
Evening star., 1945-02-10
The BoIunce Wheel
From the New York Times.

Earnings placed in War Bonds and
neld there are potent anti-inflation-
ary force. The cost of living has been
creeping up again, slowly but surely. To
prevent further rises it is essential that
the volume of spending be limited.
One significant reason why we have not
had a runaway price imitation despite
the large excess volume of consumer
buying power has been the good sense
OF the American people. They have, to
q large extent, saved this excess rather
than attempted to spend It. If there
should now be an attempt to spend these
funds before additional supplies OF goods
and services become available, much Of
the favorable results to date may be lost.
Evening star., 1945-02-10

miles, and on the well-known principle
that the depth Of penetrative attack
may be expected to be about equal to the
front on which it is launched, it seems
probable that the front of this attack
has already been extended southwark to
include good part of the Reichswald.
Should the Canadians gain possession
OF the Reichswald and push on to the
German city of Cleve, they will have
turned the northern flank of the Sieg-
fried Line. In that case there will be
nothing save German mobile reserves
which can prevent Gen. Crerar from
cutting lose his two armored divisions
in stab southwark behind the Sieg-
friend defenses-a move which would
tend to roll up the German army of
the west and would threaten the supply
and retreat routes of the German troops
defending the Roer front.
Should Crerar achieve such a success
at the same time that Dempsey and
Simpson were attacking in full strength
across the Roer, the chance of a first
rate German debacle between the Rhine
and the Roer would be very good one.
So Won Rundstedt must stop Crerar
before that generals 1st Canadian Army
gains too much ground and reaches
open country. But he can do this only
by alloting more of his precious mobile
reserveS to the northern part of his
operating area.
He can prevent the rolling up of
flank only at the expense Of his ultimate
ability to defend the center. He must
stake more and mere Of the future on
the chance that the defenses of the
Roer front, held by volksgrenadiers and
other second-rate troops, can stand OF
the main attack when 1t comes.
Or conversely, he can refuse to >re-
inforce his northern flank, in which
case Crerar will advance with the con-
sequences already described. It would
even be conceivable, II the Canadians
gain enough ground and create favor
able situation, that Field Marshal Sir
Bernard L., Montgomery (whose 2lst
Army group is controlling and CO.
ordinating the lst Canadian, I'd British
and United States 9th Armies) might
decide to switch his own very consider
able reserves to the north and drive
across the Rhine In that sector instead
OF making the attack on the Roar front
Won Rundstedt now faces the precise
situation which he undertook his Arden
mes attack In order to postpone, but he
has, by his Ardennes losses, vastly re-
duced his ability to deal with that sit
,lation perhaps to the point where he
can no longer deal effectively with It
at al.
tcopuilbt 1s4S, New Yors Tribune. lnss
Evening star., 1945-02-10

Of success without the wholehearted
cooperation Of the French people.
Since it would be idle to seek this
cooperation by imposing a peace
settlement unjust to France, and ar
rived at without consulting French
leaders, the sensible conclusion is
that General de Gaulle will be
brought into the discussions and that
every effort, consistent with the
rights Of other nations, will be made
to satisfy the conditions which he
regards as essential to France.
Evening star., 1945-02-10
Lincoln Day Address

III Ills Lincoln Lay address to his
fellow Republicans, Governor Dewey
dealt with some domestic problems
that are troubling many Americans.
He denied that economic security
can be had only at the price of
exchanging individual freedom for
al-powerful governmental control
And he contended that the time is
approaching when we shall have to
face in this country the inevitable
consequences of the trend toward
authoritarian government.
But the New York Governor, at
this time, was more concerned with
the shape of world affairs, and the
most significant sections of his ad-
dress were concerned with the great
decisions which are being, or which
soon must be, made.
In unqualified terms, he restated
his commitment during the recent
political campaign to the principle
OF international cooperation for
the maintenance of peace. 1t is
obvious, he said, that we cannot risk
another great war, and that, in ad-
dition to adequate defenses, "our
only hope of avoiding war lies in
effective international cooperation
for peace" The one principle to
which we must "everlastingly ad-
here" he declared, is this: 1--WE, as
Nation, can, we will and we must
take full, responsible part in the
establishment of collective security
among nations"
That is plain language. Mr.. Dewey
Is spokesman for a preponderant
majority of the Republican party
which has burned it's isolationist
bridges and is fully prepared-after
as well as during a political cam
paign-to undertake all of the obli-
cations that 60 with the assumption
of a responsible role in bringing
peace and order to troubled world.
Governor Dewey did not indorse
everything that the administration
is doing, or not doing, in it's relations
with the other powers. He deplored
what he said was the willingness of
this Government merely to be kept
informed" of what the British and
the Russians are deciding. He urged
that the American people not be
made wholly dependent on foreign
sources for their news of the tre-
mendous developments in the lands
which have been cleared of the en-
emy. And he asked that the three
power decisions which will determine
the future of the world be made in
harmony with American ideals, or,
at least, that the representatives of
this Government exert every feasible
effort to that end. At the same time,
however, Governor Dewey did not
fall into the fatal error of insisting
that our views always must prevail.
He conceded that conflicting views
must be reconciled and stated, by
implication, that the American
people will accept compromises if
satisfied that this Government has
made a maximum effort in behalf of
"the principles and faith for which
Americans are, dying all over the
world"
Not only most Republicans, but
most Americans of all parties will
indorse this statement. Governor
Dewey, seeking to define our goal in
terms of what we may reasonably
expect to accomplish, has acquitted
himself with distinction.
Evening star., 1945-02-10
Shell Out!

From the Arkansas oasette.
Gen. Eisenhower reports shortage Of
shells.
Slogan for the War Bond campaign:
ehell out for shells.
Evening star., 1945-02-10
Justice Murphy Applauded

Justice Murphy Applauded
TO the Editor Of The Star:
To all the well-earned praise we are
giving the liberators Of the Philippines,
we should add our warm thanks to
Frank Murphy, now on the Supreme
Court of the United States.
While Justice Murphy was Governor
General Of the Philippines, he conducted
. wise and just administration that
went far to convince the Filipinos OF the
good viii of the United States, and the
loyalty of the Filipinos, and the aid Of
their guerrillas, have been Of inestima-
BILE aid to us In rewinning the islands
from the Japs.
President Roosevelt,s appointees in
the Philippines wrought better than we
guessed at the time.
(DR.} J. K. WILLIAMS.