davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-14

CTS will enjoy a 24-hour holiday. Stores throughout the area will also close their doors.
 In anticipation of an early break in the news, City Hall employees re- ceived their weekly salaries today instead of tomorrow. War store keepers, particularly managers of liquor stores, removed merchandise from windows In anticipation of a riotious celebration.
 Police RAadied
 Waterbury's entire police force. prepared for the biggest task in Its history, was standing by.
 During the noon hour factory em- ployes, still turning out munitions of war, congregated in large groups before newspaper offices and stores equipped with radios, wondering when the hour would come to turn off their machines.
 When the unofficial announce naent was received shortly after two o'clock this morning that Japan had accepted Allied terms the few per- sons abroad at that time. accepted the news without enthusiastic dis play. The only audible sign appar- ent at the moment was a lone horn tooter who drove his car around and around the Green.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-14
Generalissimo Rules Chino With Firm,
 Crib On Reins
By HARRY GRAYSON NEA Staff COrrespOndent

Sian, Shensi Province, China, Aug. IA. = Soldier and statesman Chiang Kai-shex, 57 years old, was educated in Japan - and hates the Japs. He is commander of United Nations forces in his native land, President of the Republic of China, head of its national military coun- cil and leader of its national party, the Kuomintang.
 < Chiang Kai-shek's Central Gov- ernment, as 8 member of the United Nations, seems certain to continue in control of Free China, despite the fact that there are 50-odd political groups. It was the Kuomintang Party which soverthrew the Man Gnu dynasty and led the revolution, and it is Chiang Kai-shek who has per- formed a miracle by keeping his people going through eight long years of war with Japan.
 ' The Generalissimo - American officers refer to him as the Gimo lis little man standing no more than 5 feet 8 1-2 inches, weighs only 150 pounds. He has a stringy gray mustache and his sparse hair is cropped close like that of most Chinese. But his trimness and complexion almost ruddy for Chinaman-and pierc- ing black eyes give him an appear ance that bellies his years.
 Those eyes warn you he is no man to fool with, that he will har- bor no interference. Vinegar Joe Stilwell found that out.
 Cniang Kai-shek's first objective was to wipe out the war lords and reactionary elements, and, despite what anyone else may think, he considers that task accomplished. He intends to unify the nation, and contends democracy is being incul- cated while the war is being waged against the common enemy.
 NO RIFT
 The Generalissimo has never been { to America, and speaks no English, which plainly embarrasses him no ! little in meeting English-speaking groups. He leaned heavily on his ] talented wife in that department until urticaria, an inflammation of the skin, forced her to establish residence in New York.
 Chiang Kai-shek refuses to dis cuss their personal affairs, but Mis- souri and columbia educated Hol- lington K. Tong, vice-minister of information, and others close to the boss testify there has been no break and that there is a regular exchange of cablegrams. The Ma dame's first name, Mei-ling, decor ates the hood of the $175,0 CAT luxury passenger plane presented to her husband by the United States Government and turned over to the Chinese War Department several weeks ago. He calls her ''Dah,", an abbreviation of darling. She calls him Brother Jah."
 In our interview, through in-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-14

to whether the third fleet was att tacking Japan again today. Certain ly no "cease fire" order had gone out from headquarters here, and none will until the surrender has been confirmed.
 Three fleets totalling 430 super fortresses and 180 escorting fighters resumed their assault on the Japan csc homeland today after a four-day lull with the avowed purpose of has, tening Japan's surrender.
 The 313th heavy bombardment wing hit railway yards at the bottle neck city of Marifu, only 2 miles west of atom-bombed Hiroshima, at 12:3O p. m. with 500-pound bombs.
 At 2:15 D. m., the 58th and 73rd wings blasted the Hikari naval ar- senal on the inland sea and the i'm portant Osaka army arsenal, largest in Japan. One-ton block busters were dumped on the Osaka arsenal. while 800 pounders were unloaded on Hikari.
 Eighty-five Mustang fighters from Two flew close escort for the bomb- CTS and 100 other Mustangs and Thunderbolts swept airfields around Nagoya to keep enemy planes grounded.
 Strategic air force headquarters reported that all three wings made a major effort" in the attack-mean- ing that every available aircraft was put into the air.
 Headquarters, in it's first an- nouncement, said the assault was the first of a new l0-week campaign to reduce Japan's war factories to ashes. Whether the superfortresses now will be grounded or will be sent on additional raids pending Japan's formal surrender was not announc- ed.
 It was recalled. however, that Gen. Carl A. Spaatz, the strategic air force commander. grounded the B-29s over the weekend following
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-14

Tokyo said suicide planes were at- tacking the. Third Fleet as late as l2:S0 D. m. Tokyo time. The Japa- nese surrender broadcast came at 2:40 p. m.
 None of the enemy raiders pene- trated to the warships themselves, the communique said. Tokyo claim ed, however, to have damaged an Allied aircraft carrier and cruiser.
 Tokyo placed the fleet 25 miles oil the east coast of Honsiau and within SO miles of Tokyo yesterday.
 Radio Tokyo said five other Japa- nese suicide planes crashed into an aircraft carrier off the southeast coast of oklnawa last evening.
 There was no immediate word as
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-14

terpreter Hollington K. Tong at the headquarters of the national government in Chungking, Chiang Kai-shek wore plain olive suit with no jewelry or wrist watch. He was shod in American officers shoes.
 At a review and graduating ex- ercises of the 7th Agency of the Central Military Academy in an- cient Sian, capital of Shensi Prov ince, first saw Chiang Kai-shek, the soldier. Surrounded by group of his generals, the GeneralisSimo reviewed 3,200 cadets, TOO of whom were completing a three-year course. He wore a khaki uniform with cloth field cap. Three decks of ribbons were on his chest and 8 short dagger swung from his side in a beautifully wrought gold and ivory scabbard, gift of his people. On his heels were highly-polished brass spurs.
 Up at a. m., Chiang Kai-shek slaves with an American safety razor, does some Chinese gym nastics and keeps going lickity-split until he tucks himself into double bed with an American mattress at 10:30 p. m. That's mere 17-hour day, for he takes time out for a nap from to 2:30 p. m. He is fond of music and early in the war pho- nograph records were played lightly while he was mapping. He would awaken when the music ceased.
 LIGHT DIET
 The Generalissimo is an extreme ly light eater. Chinese and Amer ican food is alternated at breakfast at '. Frequently it is that grand American institution, ham and eggs (scrambled0 Lunch is at l, dinner at 8. Soup and four tiny bowls, two each of vegetables and beef and pork, rarely chicken. The quantity is increased for banquets, but, gen. erally speaking, Chiang Kai-shek sticks to his New Life Movement, which spells thrift. He is a tee totaler, but enjoys seeing others imbibe. When they "gamber" him, which means bottoms up, he simply makes the gesture.
 Chiang Kai-shek, sticker for punctuality, couples business with luncheons and dinners by inviting members of his cabinet, higher mili- tary and civil officials, industrialists and big business men. He spends the rest of the time attending to affairs of state and meeting import ant people. He checks all the far flung war fronts by telephone fol- lowing breakfast and dinner. There is telephone beside his bed.
 The Generalissimo enjoys the great outdoors. Before the war he liked to go on picnics. Since then, when occasion permitted, he has walked through fields for an hour late in the afternoon with the Ma dame or one of his sons, He plays no games or any form of cards.
 Chiang Kai-shek has two Sons by his first wife. who was killed in 1942 in an air raid in her native district, Shekow. They were divorced in 1924. The sons are Maj. Chiang Wei Kuo, 27, who acted as interpreter during our chat in Sian, and Chiang Ching-kuo, 35, formerly a magis- trate at Kiangsi, now associated with Foreign Minister Dr. T. V. Soong. Chiang Ching-kuo accom- panied Dr. Soong on his recent trip to Moscow, where he was educated and married Russian girl.
 The Generalissimo became a Methodist when he married his present wife, and says that reading the Bible convinced him he should be Christian.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-14
Reds Press Jap Troops
Continued from Page D

Other units of Marshal Rodion Y. Malinovsky's trans-Baikal Army farther north pushed another IS miles along the Chinese Eastern Railway through the 6,000-foot Khingan Mountains and captured Mientuho. 250 miles northwest of Harbin.
 In the east. Marshal K. A. Merets- koy's First Siberian Army rolled ahead another 20 miles ana captured the three-way railway and high way hub of Linkow. ITO miles north. vest Of vladivostok and io0 miles east of Harbin.
 Gen. Maxim Purkaycv's second Siberian Army h the northeast cor- ner of Afanchuria battled another 25 miles deeper ireo swampland be- tween the euneari and usayfi rivers.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-14

(Continued from Page D will be lifted before the end of the year. as soon as essential users have had an opportunity to buy new cars.
 The WIPE expects 500,000 cars to come off the assembly line this year instead of the 250,O00 previously ticketed for production. Restrictions have already been lifted on the use of asbestos in the production of clutch facings and brake Things.
 WIPE also offered industry prior ities assistance to break bottlenecks in industrial construction. It will authorize projects to provide addi- tional manufacturing facilities im- mediately.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-14
Continued from Page D

 Tremendous long-range problems confront Allied occupation froces. These are a few:
 1. Breaking the strangle-hold of the Zaibatsu, the clique that holds virtually all the wealth and power. 2. Revising Japan's economy to concentrate on goods needed for a peaceful way of life-production of foods instead of weapons.
 3. Moving the hundreds of thou sands of Japanese who have colon- ized Japan's huge stolen empire back to the home islands.
 These sources said the goal of oc- cupation was to create a new Japan which never again could menace the world.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-14

There's a law in Abilene, Tex, which makes it illegal for a man to fiirt with girl on the streets. tomato plants, totaling more than 20, 100000, recently have been ship ped from South Georgia to be widely distributed among American planting areas. according to the Railway Express.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-14
Walter WincheIl
 On BrO0dw0y susas DsssA RssaassA cswMSA IssA Ds~ n''s~

Walter Winchen is on vacation. Dan Parker, to- days guest cOIumnist is regular Waterbury Democrat feature writer and his column as usual, is on tOdays Sports Page.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-14
Acheson Resigns

Washington, Aug. IA (UP) = Assistant Secretary of State Dean Acheson has resigned, it was reveal ed today. There were reports that he. would take another high govern. ment job, probably in the Depart. ment of Justice.
 There was no comment from Acheson on his resignation, nor was there any confirmation of report: that he and Undersecretary Joseph policy toward Japan.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-14

Cats now sell for $ each = half for meat, half for fur = in Paris, and over 30,000 have been killed.
 Applying for bail at Worcester, England, Sessions Court, a gypsy of- fered his three horses as surety.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-14
s
 Reaction

CoOntinued from Page D
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-14
Last B-29
 

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The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-14
Celebration, Here Mild

(Continued from Page D
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-14
ReconVersion Plans Set

Continued from Page D
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-08-14
LONG JAP COMMUNICATION

Reports from Bern that the Japanese communca- ti0n quite long, There cautious suggestions that 1t might contain reservations suggest conditions despite the unqualified nature of the D0me announcement But there confidence here that the laps through
The midland journal., 1945-06-15
EUROPE:
Displaced Persons

One Of the most difficult Of post
war problems in Europe, the return
Of displaced nationals to their home
land has become even harder with
the reluctance of many to leave the
Anglo-American occupied zone Of
Germany, it was revealed.
Though some 100000 Poles are
showing the greatest antipathy to be-
ing sent east, Latvians and Lithu-
anians also are not eager to return.
Even substantial numbers of the
1900, 900 Russians In the Anglo
American zone do not wish to be
repatriated, but though the other ma
tionals cannot be forced to 60 against
their wishes, an agreement reached
at Yalta makes the return Of the
Russians compulsory.
Besides the nationals mentioned
above, there still are 1,200, 900
French in the U. S.-British area along
with 350,000 Italians, 100000 Bel
gians, 100000 Dutch, 1000 Yugo-
slavs, $4,000 Czechs, 10000 Greeks,
10000 Danes, 10000 Norwegians and
10000 from Luxembourg.
The midland journal., 1945-06-15


had called upon Cannon at the lat
ter's request, only to move to leave
the room when the latter became
abusive over remarks he had made
during the course of debate on the
proposed expense account. Return
ing when Cannon asked him if he
was running away, Taber said he
stopped left or a right to the up
per lip, and then pinned his oppo-
nent to a couch until he cooled down.
Claiming on his own account that
Taber had hied it to his Office when
the going got hot, the sight-of-build
Cannon declared that the fracas re-
suited from Taber's insulting re-
marks on the floor Of the house.
The midland journal., 1945-06-15
PACIFIC:
Cities Burn

One by one, Japan's great indus
trial centers are being razed by huge
fleets of Flying Superfortresses, with
the firing of Osaka and Yokohama
cutting further into the enemy's po-
tential to produce weapons needed
for the expanding Pacific front.
Considered the Orient's greatest
industrial center, Osaka smouldered
after heavy Super-Fort strikes at
its iron, steel, copper, cotton, hemp
and wire plants.
Japan's second biggest port, Yoko-
hama was left in flames by hundreds
of BIOS, with strong winds helping
to spread the destruction block by
block. Approximately $4,000 houses
were said to have been wiped out
after the first assault, leaving $50, 900
homeless, and communication and
transportation lines disrupted.
In explaining strategy in lay
ing down the greatest number Of
bombs in the shortest time over
Japanese targets, 21st Bomber
Commander Curtis LIE May de-
clared: eff you lay them down
like that the city burns down.
If you don't, they put it out"
With B-29s raising havoc with jap
anese industrial centers, the enemy
continued to chiefly center his aerial
opposition against American naval
vessels in the Ryukyus, with Kami-
kaze (suicide) pilots continuing to
score hits on light units. Indicative
of the ferocity of the japanese at
tacks, the navy reported the great
est casualty toll in all the Pacific
fighting off of Okinawa.
On land, U. S. forces herded the
enemy onto the southern corner of
Okinawa following the collapse of his
Shuri line after some of the bitterest
ground fighting in the war, with
troops compelled to dig the Japs
from deep cave positions in rugged
terrain.
The midland journal., 1945-06-15
Mexico Now One Big Schoolhouse

In compliance with the second
phase of Mexico's program for the
eradication of illiteracy, teaching of
illiterates to read and write has got
ten well underway, with both individ-
ual as well as collective instruction
throughout the country.
Part of President Avila Camacho's
progressive program for the mod
ernization Of Mexican life, the de-
cree requiring educated adults Is
The midland journal., 1945-06-15
APPAREL:
Pinch to Persist

With military requirements at a
high level and labor short because
of the attraction of workers to high
er paying industries, textiles will re-
main in tight supply through 1945.
the War Production board revealed.
Declaring that a substantial
amount Of clothing materials will be
needed to provide continuous flow
of apparel for adaptability to the
varying climatic conditions of the
Pacific, WPB said the military will
take IS per cent Of the cotton duck
supply in NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.,
along with 20 per cent Of carded and
so per cent of combed goods.
In addition, WPB said, the mill
tary will take 60 per cent Of the
supply of wool woven goods during
the same period, and virtually all
worsteds, along with substantial
stocks of knit goods. AS result,
it may be necessary to restrict civil
ian sales of heavy underwear to such
outdoor workers as loggers and
farmers.
The midland journal., 1945-06-15
UNEMPLOYMENT:
To Rise

With another large ''stepdown" in
military orders anticipated, War
Production Board Chairman J. A.
Krug predicted 4,8O0, 900 persons will
no longer be needed for war produc-
ton six months from now and un-
employment can be expected to
reach 1900, 900 by then.
During the next three months
alone, Krug said, an estimated 2,900,-
600 war workers win be released,
with unemployment jumping 1,1O0,-
600 from the present level Of 800, 900
to 100000. Because of withdraw
ais from the labor force and the
unemployment of 100000 persons
by the rapidly expanding civilian
economy, however, the total Of un-
employed will drop about 800, 900
half year from now.
Though unemployment promises to
mount in comparison with present
conditions, such low-paying indus
tries as lumber and textiles may ex-
perience difficulty obtaining work
ers, Krug said. Wage increases
within the bounds of stabilization pol
icy would probably help remedy such
a situation, Krug indicated.
Shipyard Problem
In the face of rising layoffs in war
production industries, West coast
shipyards are experiencing short
age of help at a time when the de-
mand for repairs is increasing as
result Of the damage to U. S. YES
sells in the quickened Pacific naval
warfare.
Twenty thousand workers below
their labor ceilings, three West coast
shipyards lost an average Of 900
employees last month. In an effort
to solve the problem, selective serv-
ice announced blanket deferments
The midland journal., 1945-06-15
CATTLE:
For Europe

In a program designed to replace
per cent Of the 100000 animals
destroyed during the war in Greece,
Albania, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia
and Poland, UNRRA Omitted Ma
tions Relief and Rehabilitation adj
ministration) win ship about $4,000
dairy and draft animals to those
countries in the next 10 months.
With funds for the project to come
from UNRRA, about half Of the
stock win come from the u. S. and
the remainder from other nations in
the Western hemisphere. The U. S.
subscribes to two-thirds of UNRRA's
cost.
Because Of her extreme need,
Greece will receive the first ship
ment Of 300 dairy heifers and 900
draft animals, it was announced. In
addition, another 300 bred heifers
and 300 mares are scheduled for ear
ly delivery to Yugoslavia.
FOOD PRICES
In World Wars / and II wholesale
food prices showed less Of a rise
than prices received by farmers
while retail food prices showed the
smallest rise Of all, surveys re-
vealed.
AS compared with the respective
prewar levels, wholesale food prices
in 1914 showed an increase of 42.5
per cent as against an increase Of
85.5 per cent in 1913 retail food
prices in 1914 were up 1872 per cent
as against 68.2 per cent in 1918.
The midland journal., 1945-06-15

to so to teach simple reading or writ
ing to one illiterate, or to teach col
lectively, has teeth in it. Citizens
not complying with the decree will
be forced to do so.
No haphazard project, Mexico's
department of education keeps a
close check on each student accord
ing to age, occupation and sex. So
far, 12,000,00Q free readers have
been issued.
The midland journal., 1945-06-15

tics hot and heavy,
Reps. John Taber
IN. W and Clar-
ence Cannon (Mo.)
engaged in the Sec
ond fistic engage
ment of the present
session following
heated debate over
the proposed tax
free $1,000 a year
expense account for
congressman in adj
dition to their $780,
600 salaries.
Previously, Reps.
John Rankin (Miss.)
and Frank Hook
(Mich.) went to it
hammers and tongs
on the floor Of the
house after Hook
had called Rankin a
"liar."
A C rdi 6 to
husky, white-haired
The midland journal., 1945-06-15
SUGAR:
Press Conservation

Declaring that the present sugar
shortage had been aggravated by IL
legal use of supplies originally OBJ
tanned for home canning, the OPA
took steps to tighten ALLEGATIONS for
such purposes and prevent further
drainage of shrinking stocks.
In addition to having special in
vestigators check into the diversion
of home canning sugar into bootleg
liquor or illicit bottling, OPA an
nounced that pledges must now be
signed assuring that use Of home
canning rations will not be used for
other purposes and reports made lat
er as to food put up; district Offices
will suspend ALLEGATIONS until fruits
and vegetables become available for
preservation, and review all appli-
cations so as to spread supplies over
coming months.
Partly because Of over-issIance
Of sugar for food preservation last
year, OPA said, average table ra-
tions have been cut 81 per cent and
housewives ALLEGATIONS for home
canning have been trimmed 40 per
cent. In addition, the short sugar
stocks have resulted in squeeze on
bakers and industrial users, with
further reductions in their allot-
ments threatening to seriously ham,
per continued operations. !.
The midland journal., 1945-06-15

for such skilled help as electricians,
sheet metal workers and machinists,
and the War Manpower commission
gave the yards No. l priority in hir-
ing. Transportation and housing
also were guaranteed East coast
workers desiring to shift to the west.
AS an example of the critical la
Dor shortage in the West coast yards,
the famed aircraft carrier Franklin
had to be hauled all the way to the
Brooklyn navy yard for repairs.
NEAR EAST:
Oil Oasis
Behind all the trouble in the Near
East lies the specter Of oi-the great
natural resource indispensable to
modern machine economy.
While fighting fared in Syria, the
French charged that what appeared
to be a mixup between them and
the natives really was an incident
cooked up by British agents to jeop-
ardize the French pipeline carrying
oil across the embattled country
from the Mosul fields in Iraq.
At the same time, French COM
mentators sharply pointed out that
any Arab uprising in Syria could
very well lead to similar disturb
ances throughout the whole Arabic
bloc of states, where both Britain
and the U. S. have substantial oil
concessions.
Oddly located nearby the Suez ca
nal, providing Britain with a con-
yenient gateway to her oriental en-
pire, the Arabic states are said to
possess Oil deposits the equal of
those in the U. S., with the English
holding 40 per cent of all conces-
sions in the area and America 60
per cent.
U. S. interest i'm the near east
ern oil situation was pointed up
by the governments proposal to
erect $150, 200, 900 pipeline
across Arabia and join in part
nership with the Arabian-Amer-
lean Oil company and Gulf Ex-
plOration company for its opera
tiOn. Shelved in the face Of Bit
ter opposition, the plan called for
the private companies creation
Of billion barrel petroleum
pool for the army and navy, and
repayment for the pipeline over
25-year period.
Oil also prominently figures in re-
lations between the u. s. and Britain
and Russia, what with the Arabic
states situated virtually at the Reds
back door and Moscow having al
ready put in bid for development
Of the Persian fields, monopolized by
the English.
The midland journal., 1945-06-15
CONGRESS-:
Fistic Debate

Well in the tradition Of the coed
old days when the U. S. took its poll