davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-22
Detroit Doctor
Hit by ShrdpneI

1t. Frederick NJ. Maynard Sr, %,
front line surgeon with the seth
Division Of the Third Army was
wounded by shrspnel March %
during a beachhead assault on the
Rhine River line, the War De-
partment informed his wife, Mrs.
Ruth MAYNARD -lllS RademacheFr
With hrs rnen, 1t Maynard WAS
waiting on the bank OF the river
for assault boats 10 ferry them
when the Nazis opened heavy
barraCe. lie was struck in his
right hip. Now in hospital in
England. he was recently awarded
the Purple Heart.
1t. MAYNARD graduated from
Wayne University College Of Med
icine and interned at Grace Hos
nitaI
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-22
Parade 10 Aid
Clothing Drive

A United Nations parade, in
which each of the IA nations will
be represented by members in
native costume, will be held down
town at 1915 p m. Monday TO
stimulate the clothing drive.
The parade will form at Grand
Circus Park and proceed down
Woodward 10 the city hall. There,
an army truck will stand ready
TO receive clothing contributions.
A band and representatives OF
the CIO and the AFL will take
part in the parade. The demon
stration will mark the opening OF
Nationality Week of the national
clothing collection, according 10
Prentiss NJ. Brown, chairman OF
the Detroit drive.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-22
Retribution
Captive Nazis Stone
Own Butcher

BELSEN. Germany, April Il
(UP)-Josef Kramer, SIS COM
mandant Of the Belsen concen-
tration camp, was stoned by
wehrmacht prisoners today as his
British capters took him off to
prison.
While the remainder OF his SIS
men and women guards at this
camp still Shoveled the bodies OF
thousands of their victims into
burial pits Kramer was removed
from the camp.
The captured German troops
who stoned Kramer said he was
a notorious brute and bully who
also inflicted tortures on the Ger
man soldiers who we're in the
camp.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-22
Legislature Nears
Adjournment
Last Session Thursday;
Many Bills Unfinished

LANSING. April II (UP)-The
Michigan Legislature will recon
vene Monday TO enter a hectic
four.day drive toward final ad-
journment at noon Thursday.
Night sessions loomed almost
certain during the week as law.
makers struggled to clear calen-
darS of hundreds OF bills still
awaiting consideration.
Before the final gavels fall In
the Senate and House Of Repre-
SenrdtiVeS, legislators must un-
ravel a current budget Snarl and
balance the states books for the
next biennium. That is the tough
est job facing lawmakers.
On the basis of appropriations
bills already passed by one or the
other chamber, the states budget
is approximately S7,000,000 in the
red for the fiscal year starting
July and nearly 100000 Out
Of line for 1851. Somewhere
and somehow the Legislature must
prune its ALLEGATIONS 10 stay within
an estimated Sl62 100000 antici-
pated revenue.
The House last week scored
one major accomplishment in
adopting the Sena I e-approved
Higgins 10 per cent tax on liquor.
A conference committee agreed
on minor differences and the bill
is on its way 10 Kelly's desk for
signature. The measure will pro-
duce approximately $4,000, 900 q
year for local aid.
Attention Monday will be TO
cused on House debate over an
amended intangibles tax act.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-22
ESCAPES SHOT

Some Of the fear-crazed victims
tried 10 escape by squeezing under
the doors but the guards shot
them.
The volksturmers dug a 60-yard
long trench behind the barn and
dumped 500 smoldcring corpses
into II.
Arrival Of the Americans pre-
vented burial of all the victims
Gardelegan today IS filled with
hate. Civilian efforts 10 be friendly
are coldly rejected by the Ameri-
cans. This changed the civilians.
They avert their eyes when they
pass the American soldiers.
The Americans demand imme-
date. correct and respectful an
swers 10 questions and they get
them.
Each day for six days the
Americans have been rounding up
groups of civilians and marching
them a Quarter-mile 10 the scene
Of the massacre for silent
sermon.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-22
IUnited Brass Co. Reopens
Monday; Labor Row Ouer

dltionS' under which the company
would consider reopenlng the
plant
THE important thing was
that we would do no business
with John Hand president Of
the CIO-AFL local 62s, who was
voted out Of office Thursday"
Wilson explained.
''In the future all grievances
must be -huFdled according to
the procedure set up In contract
instead Of having Hand cali
them out on strike every time
he thought sonnet hinE Was
wrong"
Wilson said the company, which
declared the contract Cancelled
after the last walkout on Marcf
II. was willing and that h'
wanted the employees 10 oper
negotiations for a new contract
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-22
LEADERS MUST DIG

Now the Germans. 200 Of them.
including so principal party mem
bers, are being forced TO dig up
the bodies Of the dead.
Yesterday Capt. Horace A. Sut.
ton of New York ordered the
burgomeister to assemble the 200
townsmen and bring them TO his
headquarters.
At the graves. $50 OF the men
dug seven large graves. The other
50 dug up the bodies.
They began the job under the
eyes OF american soldiers bearing
rifles and tommy guns.
At first some protested, but the
cold eyed American captain sim
ply pointed 10 the grave and sale
, between clenched teeth:
dig, YOU -"
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-22
Town Hall Meeting
At HIP. Hiqh Thursday

A community town hall meet
ing will be held in the Highland
Park High School auditorium at
8 p. m. Thursday for a discussion
Of postwar problems.
Chairman will be Roy F. Rob
inson and other speakers will in
clude Philip Bremen. Edward d.
Connor, DR.. Howard A. Lane. Mai.
Garnet j. Burlingame and DR..
Margaret Mead.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-22

PORT HURON. April 2i-Ofi-
csrsEot@ theItHfted Brass and
Aluminium Manufacturing Co.
voted here late Saturday 10 re-
scind A resolution of liquidation
brought on by labor-management
trouble, causing four weeks shut
down The plant will reopen In
part Monday
The company, which had 26l
employees, casts parts for marine,
truck and other war type motors.
Edward r. Goldman said the
stockholders decided "to take
another whirl at it, after the
meeting between company off,
Gals and 40 employees represent
Ing all shop departments
Leroy s. Wilson vice president,
a. the meeting outlined the con
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-22
Argentina Asks
Soviet Entente

SAN FRANCISCO. April II
QNS)--The Argentine govern
ment has made formal overtures
TO Moscow for establishment of
diplomatic relations with the So
Wet government, it was learned
in diplomatic circles tonight.
This was regarded as a move
aimed at winning an invitation
for Argentina to the United
Nations conference at San Fran
cisco.
The proposal was understood to
have the backing of the United
States government. The response
of the Soviets was undetermined
vet.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-22
Balk Army EIiers

SOUTHAMPTON. Mass. April
21 (UP)-Smith College authori-
ties ordered students to wear
more clothing when sun-bathing
on the gymnasium roof because
army bombers have taken TO low
flying in the vicinity.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-22

A great majority OF the towns
people are Nezi party members.
Most are prosperous merchants.
The town looks like any other
German town-clean streets, clean
homes. clean people with rosy,
plump checks.
But they could not have failed
10 notice when the SIS troops
aided by the volksturm, herded
the prisoners into stone barn in
the outskirts Of the city, Sprinkled
gasoline on the straw flooring and
set il aflre.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-22
Nazi Officials Forced
ToDigUpOwn Victims

GARDELEGEN, Germany, April 21 (UP)-American
soldiers stood guard today while healthy prosperous Naz party
members with their bare hands the hastbured bodies
of 500 OF their former prisoners.
These the bodies of an-Naz Frenchmen Belgians,
Poles and Dutchmen who burned TO death and
before Americans this Then
they were dumped hurriedly into make-shft graves
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-08-17

Subscribe for The Press.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-08-17
BIG D
By Ruth Taylor

1t was raining last Sunday after
noon so I settled down to read new
book on Democracy. 1t was a really
good book, appraising our way of
life, explaining its advantages over
other ideologies and emphasizing the
duties of all citizens. But, quite unin-
tentionally, it pointed out one of our
great errors.
Nazism, Fascism and Communism
all began with capital letters-but
democracy was always written with
a small "d".
Isn't that one of our weaknesses? !?
Democracy is taken SO much for grant
ed in our lives, that we just don't be-
gin it with capital "D".
Would those ideologies which are
based upon the tyranny of individuals,
party or state, have had such a mush-
room growth, if we, as individuals or
as nation, had thought and express
ed Democracy with big "D"? What
were they after all, but the strivings
Of hungry people for a way out from
poverty and oppression?
We could have shown them the
way-but we spelt democracy with
a small "d". If we had sold our prin-
ciples to the world, instead of our fol-
,, lies; if we had pointed out our ac-
complishments instead of making
wise-cracks about our foibles, would
we have been faced with world hoIo-
caust? If we had spelt Democracy
with a capital d, could we have avert
ed war?
| The War in the West is won. The
War in the East is being won. But
the War of Peace is just beginning.
If we believe in Democracy, we must
spell it with big D. We must bear
witness to our faith before the world.
We must give to it the same last
wholehearted measure of devotion that
the followers of other ideologies give
to their beliefs. We must dignity our
belief by our actions and our speech.
This is not the time to let up-or
to let down. What other peoples and
other nations think of Democracy will
be based on how dynamic we make its
appeal. We ourselves are the only ad-
vertisement for our way of life Let
us take care to be good ones.
Democracy is the way of life we
have chosen. 1t knows no narrow
boundaries of class, creed or color.
1t is universal in its application. De-
mocracy to US is the form of govern
ment which recognizes the freedom of
the spirit, the dignity of men, the
right and responsibilities of the indi-
vidual
Let's spell it with big I'D" and
prove before all the world our pride in
our way if life.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-08-17

merry Workers Union-AFL, Local No.
22948, Winchester, Va, earned the
DISC. He manned machine gun, stay
ing at his post despite repeated at
tacks by strong enemy tank and in
fantry forces and while suffering from
exposure to deep snow and bitter
cold.
Sergt. James I. Hopes, a member
Of Aluminium Workers Federal Labor
Union-AFL, Local 1880, won his
award for courageous action near Holl-
Mich, Germany, on Feb. 8, 1916, when
his outfit, Company "B" of the 359th
Infantry Regiment was halted in MAX
ing an attack because of enemy artil-
lery and mortar observation from a
fortified house. Without hesitating,
Sergeant Hopes, carrying machine
gun in his arms, boldly assaulted the
house, despite the intense firing at
him as he advanced. Though his ma
chine gun ammunition was exhausted,
without stopping Hopes drew his
pistol, entered the house and forced
the Germans to surrender.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-08-17
More Work Clothes
To Be Ready Soon

Washington, D. ca temporary
increase in the amount of herringbone
twill available for production OF
mems work clothing will result from
the declaration of a "holiday" for
about three months in procurement
Of this type of finished cotton fabric
by the Army Quartermaster Corps
WPB announced. Though the "holi-
day" is effective Immediately, WPB
said, it is reflected in increased guam
titles of work clothing.
Army purchase of herringbone
twill during the last year and hall
has ranged between 100000 and
100000 yards month. By special
arrangement with the Army, WIPE
will divert all herringbone twill thai
would normally be purchased by ONO
to manufacturers Of mems work cloth.
ing and footwear.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-08-17
Three More AFL Heroes Honored
By Army For Fighting Exploits
Distinguished Service Cross Awarded For Herosm In
Action Under Enemy Fire

Washington, D. C.-For displaying
extraordinary heroism in action un-
der enemy fire, three more AFL men
have been awarded the Distinguished
Service Cross, the War Department
announced.
To Private First Class Edward M.
Bell, Jr., member of Automobile Chem
ical Products Union-AFL, Local
22130 Of Comden, N. j., goes the
Army's second highest award for brav-
ing direct enemy artillery, machine
gun and rifle fire to remove demoli-
tion charges from a bridge prepared
by the Germans on March 80, 1915.
While continuing his self-assigned job,
he was wounded and fell from the
bridge. Through his conspicuous cour-
age and gallantry, Private Bell enabl-
ed the task force to go forward and
complete its mission.
For fearless action against the Ger
mans at Bastogne, Belgium, from
Jan. a to 6, 1945, Private First Class
Henry T. Ebersole, member of Can
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-08-17
Executive Council Opens Session With 6-Point Plan
OF Action

Chicago. - The AFL Executive
Council opened it's summer meeting
here with a ringing demand for ac-
ton now to prevent a postwar de-
preston.
The council offered the nation a
challenging 6-point program to speed
up reconversion and provide for hu-
man needs. This program declared:
1.-The war effort must be scaled
down promptly to a one-front basis,
which would provide the military au-
thorities with more than ample sup
port for carrying on the war against
Japan to a quick and victorious con-
clusion, but would permit release of
surplus men, materials and facilities
for an accelerated reconversion drive.
PA new peace production pro-
gram must be launched with vigor
and dispatch on scale large enough
to meet the nations needs but with
out interference to the war effort.
3-Wartime government controls
over labor and industry must be
dropped as rapidly as the war situa-
tion permits and an effort made to
substitute voluntary, cooperative
methods for government directives.
4-Every reasonable encourage
ment should be extended by the gov
ernment to private industry to ex-
pand postwar production and provide
full employment.
5-The present alarming shrinkage
of the purchasing power of the ma
tons workers must be halted by the
restoration of collective bargaining
between labor and management.
6-Congress must act Immediately
after it returns from it's summer re-
cess to provide for human needs dur
ing reconversion by approving Presi-
dent Truman's recommendations for
emergency supplementation of made
quate state unemployment compensa-
ton, by adopting legislation for high
er minimum wage standards, by enact
ing the vital Wagner postwar hous-
ing bill and by extending the nations
social security system as provided
under the Wagner Murray-Dingell
bill.
The council declared it will amplify
it's recommendations on each OF the
points of it's program with declara-
tions on specific policies to be drafted
during the current meeting.
AFL President William Green said
the council had decided to deal with
1 the reconversion problem first be-
cause it is the key to postwar recov-
cry. On this point the council de-
clared:
I america is now getting too little
reconversion. Unless preparations
for resumption Of peacetime produc-
tion are speeded up, it may be toe
late to avoid major postwar depres-
sion. Unless more adequate provision
is promptly made for human needs
during reconversion, peace may bring
economic disaster to the American
people.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-08-17
81, 900 Reward For
Convictions For Anti
Japanese Violence

New York City (ILNS).-Assistance
to west coast officials in combating
violence against returning japanese
American evacuees has been offered
by the American Civil Liberties Union
with reward offer of II 900 for con-
viction and Imprisonment of assailants.
The offers were made public in Cali
fornia by the Los Angeles and San
Francisco branches of the union and
were sent over the teletype to Cali
fornia sheriffs by State Attorney Gen
eral Robert Kenny. Under California
law public funds cannot be used for
rewards.
The ACLU reward offer does not ap-
ply to Oregon and Washington "where
no open violence has as yet been re-
ported" but will be extended to those
states 'tif necessary" According to the
ACLU comparatively few of the thou
sands of Japanese Americans evacu-
ated from the west coast have return
ed, largely through fear of hostility
and violence" although the general
evacuation order was lifted last Jan.
II.
The text of the reward offer fol-
lows in part:
'The American Civil Liberties
Union, in each incident occurring in
California, will pay $1,000 reward for
information leading to the arrest, final
conviction, sentencing and imprison-
ment in state penal institution, on
felony charges, of persons committing
acts of terrorism against returning
japanese Americans.
"In making this offer the union
recognizes the gallant record of the
10000 Japanese who are serving in
the U. S. Army and who have suffer-
ed more than 5000 casualties, as well
as the order of the commanding gen
eral of the Western Defense Command
permitting war veterans and other
loyal japanese to return to the Pa
cific Coast. Good Americanism de-
mands that their rights be respect
ed"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-08-17
AFL Demands Bold Program
To Speed Up Reconversion

slum clearance and rehousing pro-
gram by the local housing author
tiles, under improved U. S. Housing
Act, to provide decent homes to fami-
lies of low income whom private en-
terprise cannot reach.
3-Enlargement of market for rem
tai housing for families of moderate
income through FILA insurance of
yield on private investment in pro-
jects built for moderate rents.
Improvement of housing on the
farm and provision of low-cost rural
housing to farm families, on lease
but for eventual ownership.
5-Orderly disposition of perma-
nent war housing, authorizing local
housing authorities to acquire such
housing and giving occupancy prefer
ence to servicemen and veterans.
6-Assurance that fair labor stand
ards be maintained on postwar hous-
ing construction envisaged in the pro-
gram.
7-Creation of a permanent statu-
tory National Housing Agency.
The Green-Bates statement declar-
ed:
"These are sound, forward-looking
proposals, designed to generate a
large volume of productive activity
and sustain full employment. They
place the prime responsibility Hor
postwar housing squarely upon pri-
vate enterprise and local initiative,
with the essential minimum of gov
ernment aid and guidance. They specif-
ically relate housing policy to en-
ployment and investment activity. The
Wagner Postwar Housing Bill is the
most important step yet taken in
Congress toward the positive assur-
ance of full employment after the war
Enactment of this bill is extreme
ly urgent. Labor calls for speedy hear
ings Immediately after the recess and
prompt, bipartisan approval of the
measure. We call upon every union
member, every family and every citi.
zen to make their support of the Wag.
ner Postwar Housing Bill known tx
their Congressman"
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-08-17

"This tragedy must be averted.
The peace to which all Americans
look forward after four years of war
and sacrifice must not bear bitter
fruit. The millions of American young
men in uniform who have undergone
the agony of modern warfare must
find opportunity, not breadlines, when
they return home. The millions of
war workers who have labored to the
point of exhaustion in a victory pro-
duction drive which broke all records
must not be cast off with heartless
disregard of whether or not they will
be able to find another job.
america cannot afford to let these
things happen because, if we do, the
American way of life will be obliter-
ated just as certain as it would have
been if Hitler had won the war. But
we won the war and we can also win
the peace if we plan intelligently and
act boldly and confidently"
Mr.. Green announced that the ex-
ecutive council had appointed Secre-
Treasurer George Meany and
Vice President William C. Doherty to
serve as the AFL's fraternal delegates
to the convention of the British
Trades Union Congress which will be
hold at R1acknOoI Fnpland next
month.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-08-17
BY Robert F. Wagner
u. S. Senator from New York

am not visionary. But since en-
tered the Senate 18 years ago, / have
rejected the defeatist doctrine that
intelligent men and women could not
look into the future at all. Only the
ostrich, with it's head buried in the
sands, does not look ahead. have
fought continually for the proposition
that we know and can find out enough
about our economy-its strong points
and its weak points-to prepare and
plan for an economic future of sta
bility and prosperity instead Of suf-
fering and chaos.
In this future of stability and pros
perity, housing by common agreement
must play central role. In 1925, we
built more than 100000 houses in this
country In 1888, we built less than
100000. In 1928, commenced to urge,
day by day, that unemployment in the
building trades was sounding the omi-
nous warning of great depression.
And today, distinguished economists
like Beardsley Rumi insist that the
stabilization of construction at high
levels is the foundation of general
postwar prosperity. According to the
estimates of the National Housing
Agency, confirmed by many independ-
ent sources, we shall need to build
1,25O,OOO to 100000 houses on an
average, in each of the 10 postwar
years, to produce housings share of
full employment.
This bill is designed to provide the
basic tools to do this job-to do it
democratically-to do it with equitable
regard for the interests of all the peo-
ple-to do it in way that places max
imum reliance upon private enterprise
to do it without shirking the bedrock
responsibility Of government to do
for the people what remains to be done
and cannot otherwise be done.
The most important feature of this
bill is not be found in it's details, but
rather in it's general approach. This
general approach strikes the keynote
for the spirit and method with which
we must approach all of our postwar
economic problems. During the decade
before the war, we wrestled with mass
unemployment, and we devised num-
Der of specific remedies. Most of these
were good and necessary measures
But in retrospect, they did not fit to.
gether into a completely logical and
orderly plan for doing the whole job
They were not entirely consistent, one
with the other. Therefore, we failed
to do the whole job, and we never re-
duced mass unemployment much below
100000.
This housing bill profits by past
experience. Before the war, we enact.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1945-08-17
New Wagner Housing Bill
Hailed By AFL Leaders
Important Step for Full Employment
Green and Bates Say

Washington, D. C.-AFL President
William Green and Harry G.. Bates,
chairman of the AFL Housing Com
mittee, hailed the introduction of the
Postwar Housing Bill by Senator
Robert F. Wagner as "the most i'm
portant step yet taken in Congress
toward the positive. assurance of full
employment after the war"
In joint statement they said the
bill embodies the major proposals for
a postwar housing program offered
by the American Federation of Labor
a year ago.
The bill is designed to stimulate
the construction of 1,250,000 dwelling
units year for the first 10 years. 1t
provides federal subsidies of $780,
100000 year but it is believed that
at the end of the fourth year after
the war a total investment Of seven
billion dollars year of private and
public funds would be generated for
the housing program.
The following AFL recommends
tions were included in the bill which
Senator Wagner said he hoped would
be passed this year:
Federal aid to municipalities for
long-term redevelopment program
designed to replan and rebuild our
cities and towns for sound and stable
growth.
2 Resumption and expansion Of