Evening star., 1945-09-30
U. 5. Interns $4,000
High Nazis, $4,000
More Due for Arrest
D'0'rN Pt" cUt HtoTtt " 0ctUo y'
BY ROBERT BRUSKIN.

BY ROBERT BRUSKIN.
Eighty thousand high-rankini
Nazs have been interned in Ameri
can, camps in Germany and 35,00t
more soon will join them from tht
ranks of prisoners of war under
the Decentralization program of tn,
American Army of Occupation, the
War Department disclosed last
night.
Another 10000 ardent Nazis not
subject, to mandatory arrest have
been removed from public Office ano
other nominal" Nazis have beer
severed from jobs in schools
churches, hospitals and similar in
stitutions, the department said il
has been advised by Gen. Eisen-
hover in a report on military gov
ernment activities. The report was
dated August 20.
Mandatory arrest, categories, an
Army official explained, included key
government officials in the @Nazi
hierarchy down to the equivalent
of a county level 1t included all
SIS troops with the rank of cor
poral or higher, officials of national
ministries and general staff officers
of the German Army.
Report Gives Grim Picture.
The report presented grim pic
ture of a thoroughly defeated ma
tioni 1t declared only about 10 per
cent of all industries are in opera
tion in the American zone. Citizens
are receiving one-third less food
than the 1000 calories generally
recognized as subsistence level and
inf1ationary pressure is growing.
German economy, it declared, is
almost at a standstill because of
shortages of food, coal, transporta-
tions and communication facilities
Most of the political movements
permitted under the Potsdam dec
laration have been leftist in char
acter" and are LED principally by
former Social Democrats and Com
munists," Gen. Eisenhower reported.
The exception, he declared, is the
Bavarian Freedom Action Move
ment which is seeking independence
for Bavaria, where Gen. George S.
Patton is in control
Central Regime Planned.
Gen. Eisenhower said the present
system of dividing Germany in oc-
cupational zones among the Allies
ARE obstacles to recovery of indus
try, transportation and business, "
but that it was expected to improve
after a central government admin
istration has been established as
provided in the Potsdam declara-
ton
The report declared in part:
To decentralize German political
structure and economy, and to en-
courage the development of local
democratic tendencies and RESPONSE
bilities, modified governments have
been established at all levels up to
and including state governments.
Germans are permitted to operate
local chambers of commerce and
industry. All the states have estab-
lished or are establishing food and
agricultural Offices. Regional mar
keting associations are being main
tanned.
States Authority Increased.
To enable German authorities to
carry out orders issued to them at
the state level. German civil chan
mel for official communications has
been authorized. This action places
the state governments in a position
OF far greater authority and respon-
sibllity than under the Nazi regime
1t is expected that after central
governmental administration has
been established in accordance with
the tripartite agreement, there win
be an improved balance of political
and economic power between the
states and Germany as a whole.
All Nazi and militarist propaganda
was initially eliminated from the
German radio, press, publications,
films, theater and music by abso-
lutte prohibition by such media. AS
conditions permit, this prohibition
is replaced by Allied operations and
gradually by the turning over of
responsibility to carefully cleared
Germans.
The internal economy of Ger
many was exhausted and strained
by the demands of war and the
lnroads of our bombing. Short
ages Of available coal and food and
of transportation and communica-
ton facilities have brought the
German economy, particularly its
industry almost to a standstill. Mil
itary control and zonal divisions are
obstacles to recovery of industry,
transportation and business. The
German people have been warned
that the responsibility for bringing
in the harvestS to reduce the food
shortage is theirs, and, further,
that there will be no coal for house
heating this winter and that they
must stock up on wood. Their re-
sponse has been quite satisfactory.
Lumber Industry Active.
Less than 10 per cent of the in
dustrial plants in the United States
zone are operating at all. Almost
half of these are lumber mills sup
plying military requirements, lumber
for house repairs and pit props.
Substantial industrial production is
dependent upon: Cd Making coal
and necessary raw materials avail
able, 90 establishment of transpor-
tation and communications. 90 the
re-establiShment of facilities for
normal business financial transac-
tionS.
The food situation throughout
Western Germany is perhaps the
most serious problem of the occupa-
ton. Average consumption is now
about third below the generally
accepted subsistence level of 1000
calories per person per day. Emer-
gency issue of imported wheat was
authorized in the Ruhr in July. Food
rations to miners of 5000 calories to
surface workers and 3,400 to under
ground workers have been author
lied. Crop paintings in the United
States zone for 1945 were only
slightly below normal acreage
Growing and harvesting conditions