davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-18


The japanese have become discouraged.
Today they are concentrating on building
thousands of blockhouses. To impress and
confuse the overwhelming villagers, the
enemy forces constantly are on the move be-
tween this and that blockhouse.
Occasionally trucks are sent out with rein
forcements While a truck might appear
loaded with troops, only half dozen or
50 are actually real. The rest are inflated
rubber dummies. Chinese snipers often pune
ture these dummies with well-aimed shots, to
show their contempt.
Some of the blockhouses are subjected to
incessant nervous warfare waged by neighbor-
ing villagers They set off freGackers in tin
cans They toss dogs into meats surrounding
the bockhouses. As the dogs founder around,
yelping and trying to scale the slippery walls,
the Japs think an attacking party is storming
the bockhouse When they discover the trick
and relax their vigilance guerrilla raiders steal
up and attack the fort.
Besieged for 20 Days
ONE of the largest strongpoints was once
under % days siege. Villagers finally took
it after they had collected dogs from miles
around, slaughtered them, and placed their
carcasses near the fortress. In the bistering
sun, the carcasses quickly decayed. The
stencil drove the Japs to abandon the fortress
and fight their way through the encirclement.
Thus do the simple people of North China
hon haI "a
hands and bitter hate in their hearts They
rejected the japanese and his ''New Or
der for a Greater East Asia" challenged
him to do his worst to enforce it.
More than once, by matching sheer native
wits and ingenuity against the enemy's mod
ern weapons, they have inflicted sizable and
humiliating defeats upon him. There is for
example, the battle of Pei Yang Tien Lake.
Some months ago the japanese banned the
shooting of wild ducks in the Pei Yang lien
Lake area, about so miles south of Peiping.
The villagers refused to heed the order. SO
the japanese sent fleet of motorboats and
steam launches to police the shallow lake.
Baxooka Sinks Motoxboats
For hunting the villagers had developed
a "big-shoulder fire gun l0-foot tube
fired like bazooka By hiding in the lake
shores tall reeds, the villagers potted away
at the passing motorboats. When more than
30 of these were sunk, the japanese became
angry.
In the middle of the lake they built huge
fortified raft bristling with machine guns and
dcck-cannon. Watchers in crow S nests scanned
the lakeshores with powerful binoculars. The
machine guns ard cannon opened FIRE at the
slightest movement Bazooka- sniping lake
men thereafter came out only at night
When the crops in adjacent fields were
harvested, thousands of villagers gathered
nr>onad the dikPS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-18

deck cannon. Watchers IN crow snests scanned
the lakeshores with powerful binoculars. The
machine guns ard cannon opened FIRE at the
slightest movement. Bazooka-sniping lake
men thereafter came out only at night.
When the crops in adjacent fields were
harvested, thousands of villagers gathered
one night and quietly opened the dikes'
allowing the lake water to spill into the tlelds
At dawn the alarmed Japs saw the water level
dropping. They stripped the raft of its guns
equipment and personnel and scooted through
the lakes river outlet toward Tientsin.
Before they left they set the battleshlp
afire. The spectacle was viewed by thousands
of villagers with glee. They lined the shores
shouting, dancing and clapplng their hands
like pleased children. When the bikes were
repaired, the lake filled up again and the
ducks returned. Today, the villagers once
again are hunting ducks. Inc End
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-18

have his head topped of. by village husky.
recall inspecting one such tunnel system
with its main entrance just couple OF miles
from the headquarters of a Jap battalion.
The tunnel consisted of series of upright
and inverted US connected by manholes.
1t could be defended from the inside with
baseball bat My guide gave me details of
its construction, its history and all its secret
defense features. Then noticed badge he
wore over his heart.
'Oh that? That's Good Citizen Certiil-
cation from the commander of the japanese
garrison" He grinned. The Japanese
thought he was their spy. but actual.
he was the trusted ally of the villagers.
Since every bit of food fuel and anything
of possible value is taken underground when
the laps do attack they find little comfort
IN burning the houses This is difficult job
anyway because of the extra thick mud walls
and mud roofs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-03-18
The laps Are Afraid

MOREOVER, the Japs dare not remain away
from their blockhouses. They fear sudden
appearance of Eighteenth Group Army Regu-
lars, formerly the Eighth Route Army and
guerrillas for whom these tunnels are hiding
places by day and bases of operation against
the enemy at night.
Once the Japanese tried Hollywood stunt
on the underground. They brought up
monograph with loud speaker. suicide
squad was left behind to play sound-efiects
records of passing trucks and marching feet'
to suggest to the villagers below that their
village was still under occupation
The villagers soon noted that there were
no attendant vibrations in the sound OF NOV
ing trucks Discovering the trick, they cap
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Six Grocers Are Fined
On Short t-Weiqhf CHARGES

Six grocery store operators paid
fines ranging from 500 to $225 yes
terday after they pleaded guilty be-
fore Municipal Court Judge Armond
Scott on short-weight charges.
The defendants included Louis
Futterman, BIS @ street NV, fined
a total of $225 on seven counts.
Morris Shulman, 210O Vermont ave
nue. NV, fined SITS on four counts;
Samuel M. Jeweler, 1901 Champlain
street NV, fined SITS on five
counts; Max Feldman, 1924 H street
NV, fined 500 on eight counts;
Joseph Samuel Block, 2230 G street
NV, fined $50 on four counts, and
LYMAN Homer, 1901 Vermont ave-
niue NV. fined 500 on three counts.
OF the total of 81 counts against
the dealers, 26 involved meat sale
shortages. Other violations were on
sales OF vegetables and fruit.
Thomas Kennedy, superintendent
OF weights and measures, who re-
ferred the charges to the assistant
corporation counsel's Office, said the
six cases represented the largest
number brought into the court at
one time in more than a year.
Evening star., 1945-02-22
President Of Pepco
Weds West Virginian

Alfred German Neal, president
OF the Potomac Electric Power Co.
was married today to Mrs. Louise
Cook Clayton at an informal cere-
mony at st. Adams Episcopal
Church. The ceremony was per-
formed by the rector, the Rev. DR..
Charles T. Warner.
Mrs. Neal formerly resided in
Warrington, w. Va, and has one
daughter, Mrs. Marion Meredith Of
Fairmont. w. Va. Mr.. Neal also
has one daughter, Mrs. John Charles
DAILY Of New York and washington.
Mrs. Meals father founded the
Cook, Memorial General Hospital in
West Virginia. He was 4 social and
'eiyic leader Of Fairmont and Nam
ntnst0k.
M. Neal Is Well known In busi-
ness. financial and club circles Of
washington.
Evening star., 1945-02-22

finally agreed to q three-month
trial. It worked out successfully
and was on the first run between
Cheyenne and Oakland"
Miss Church gave up flying two
years later and was director of
nursing in Children's Hospital,
Louisville, KY, in December, 1912,
when she was released to join one
of the first two air evacuation units
then being formed. Two months
later the 80lst was on its way to the
Pacific and hers, the 802d, to North
Africa.
Saw d Day Departures.
Since then life has been a sue
cession of flights under almost every
condition known in a battle area.
In April last year, only short while
before the Normandy INVASION she
was transferred to England. where
she experienced the most impress
sively thrilling moment of her life.
She was chief nurse in the ONCE
of the air surgeon of the SD Troop
Carrier Wing headquarters. The
night before D day, standing in the
operations tower, she watched the
heavily laden transports take of
with clocklike regularity.
Nobody said word and couldn't
either. But you could tell from the
faces around you that there was a
prayer in every ones heart as the
planes circled the field and disap-
peared in the darkness"
Three weeks later she was in Nor
mandy directing the evacuation Of
wounded. She received the Air
Medal for her work there, as well
as in the Mediterranean theater.
There are only two things I have
to say" Capt. Church declared in
commenting on her service overseas.
THE first is that more credit should
be given to the flight technicians
who man all planes in the air evacu-
alton units. They are doing a won-
derful job. The second Is that we
need more nurses, need them badly
and right now. I can't understand
why any nurse at home wouldn't
volunteer If she knew how badly she
Is needed"
Evening star., 1945-02-22
. .lsHRshoniinq
.RemindeiJ@ @a

Meats, Fats, Etc. - Book 4, red
8 stamps Q-5 through SIS good
. through March 81; stamps T-5
through KS good through April
& %; stamps Y-5, Us, Az through
& d. good through June 2. Each
& stamp worth 10 points. Next series
&. to be validated about March 4.
Canned Goods, ESc.-Book 4, blue
II stamps KS through rs, Az and
B-2 good through March 81;
M stamps CO through G-2 good
through April %; stamps H-2
# through M-2 good through June
M 2. Each stamp worth 10 points.
81 Next series to be validated about
IS March l.
FONTS for Fats>-Your meat dealer
III will pay two ration points for
each pound Of waste kitchen fats
IA YOU turn in.
fbugar-Book 4. sugar stamp "a gooo
for>5 pounds through February 28.
IS Stamp IS valid for pounds
81 through June 2.
Gasoline-A-14 coupons valid for 4
M gallons each through March II.
Ss B-5, C-5. B-6 and CO coupons
Be- good for S gallons each.
6hoes-Airplane stamps l, 2 and 3
S. in Book No. 3 good indefinitely for
one pair of shoes each.
Fuel Qil-Periods one, two, three
rs and four coupons good for 10 gal
81 Ions per unit through heating
year. Period five coupons become
valid March l. Old period four
&c and five coupons from last win
ter good through year. Consum-
sers in this area should not have
used more than "A per cent OF
| their ration as Of today.
Degree days-Total for month, 603;
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Measure for Repeal
OF Vote Restriction
In Maryland Aired
BY the Associated Press.


ANNAPOLIS, Md, Feb. 22.-Mem-
bers Of the Senate and House Elec-
tions Committee considered today
the arguments for and against the
question Of repeating the State
Declaration of Intentions Act.
| About 26 representatives of in
dustrial, citizens, professional and
voters organizations attended joint
hearing yesterday on the bill which
would repeal the present law max
ing it mandatory for a person from
another State to declare his inten-
tions of becoming citizen of Mary
land at least one year before he is
permitted to vote.
A sharp query by Senate President
Lindsay whether CIO supporters OF
the bill were interested in the
voters or in voting the voters
highlighted the hearing.
Senator Lindsay posed his ques-
ton after Sidney Katz, executive
secretary of the Maryland-District
of Columbia Industrial Union Coun-
Gil, urged repeal of the law, claim
ing that it was being used as 9
political tool.
Mr.. Katz said one of the reasons
the law was promulgated was that
"intrenched politicians fear that an
enlarged electorate will upset theil
political position"
Humiliation to State.
Describing the statute as "the
biggest humiliation that ever hap
pened in Maryland" Mr.. Katz said
that county officials, prior to the
1914 elections, used to bring down
election books and register voters in
Dundalk. They did not do that
in 1914, he asserted, because they
were afraid that Roosevelt would
be elected"
Then Mr.. Lindsay asked:
WAS 1t the people who wanted te
vote, or was it you who wanted tc
vote the people?"
Most of those who attended the
hearing urged passage of the re.
pealer, claiming that:
l. The present law is archaic anc
has outlived it's usefulness;
2. Retention of the law was beinf
upheld by politicians who sought tt
protect their constituencies by keep.
ing down the number of voters;
| 3. That it imposed hardships or
voters in counties where newcomer.
had to travel long distances to reg.
lister at county seats.
Prince Georges Is Example.
4 One OF those presenting the lat
ter argument was Mrs. Joseph
Hershman, representing the Mary
land League of Women Voters, who
said that situation existed partic-
ularly in Prince Georges County.
i DR.. C. I. Winslow, political science
instructor at Goucher College and
Representative Of = citizens COM
mittee, called attention to the
proximity Of Virginia to Washington
and said Virginia has not seen fit
to follow our procedure"
4 IF you are trying to protect
4 against fraud at the polls" he
added, that Is not the way to dc
it. I could declare my intentions
a year ahead of time or I could
vote dead mans name. The only
way to rid the polls of fraud is a
decent registration system rigidly
applied"
Evening star., 1945-02-22
the draft bill be placed before the
House early next week.

the draft bill be placed before the
House early next week.
During the first two weeks Of
February, Maj. Gen. George r. Lull,
deputy surgeon general Of the Army,
reported today 1850 nurses were
commissioned-an increase Of sew
Ieral hundred over the 1850 commits
stoned in January. But this figure
iiS far short Of immediate needs, he
pointed out.
At this rate of increase" Gen.
Lull added, 'it win take many
months to get suficient nurses, and
our need Is immediate"
The Veterans Of Foreign Wars Is
urging Congress to authorize q
draft at once, National Comdr.
Jean A Brunner announced today.
The leeislation was recommended
BY the VFW National Legislative
Committee.
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Purotrooper, Friend Injured
When Hand Grenade ExpIodes

to be released from the hospital
today, while Pvt. Berry, according
to Walter Reed oficials. Is on the
serious list.
Young Rhodes said he has been
experimenting with rocket-propelled
model airplanes, but last night, at
his suggestion, the two youths de-
cided to make = hand grenade In
the basement Of the Rhodes home
"A 3-inch airplane motor cylinder
Ewas used. He said he believed the
explosion resulted from packing the
match heads, ,ised = the explosive
agent, too tightly.
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Turnoge Praises Washington
In Oldest Inhobitonts Address
Commissioner Louds His Humanity
In Birthday Program; Officers Named

Commissioners of Washington. "If
the metropolis of one State occu-
pied so much ground. what ought
that of the United States to
occupy?'
Was this extensive city to be de-
voted solely to governmental ac-
tivities? No. Washington was 10
Gated on its Potomac site, and a
canal connecting the Potomac with
tributaries of the Ohio was pro-
jected and built in the expectation
that the new city would become "the
greatest commercial emporium of
the country"
Was this extensive Capital area to
be uninhabited except by temporary
Government employees, by those
catering to. their needs, and by other
transients? No. In 1896 Washing
ton said prophetically of the popula.-
ton of the Capital that a century
hence If the country kept united, the
Capital would be though not as
large as London, yet of a magnitude
inferior to few others Cities in Eu-
rope" 1t is said also that Washing
ton directed that the plan of the
Capital should provide for a popula-
ton of at least 100000.
Not Meant to Be Outcast.
Was this great population peo-
pling an extensive and magnificent
" planned city, with its broad
streets and avenues, its parks and
its numerous and imposing public
buildings, to be m-American and
politically alien? Who believes 1t?
Who by any stretch of the imagi-
nation can conceive it?
Washingtons idea was that the
Capital should be q Federal city de-
veloped by the Nation and subject
to its control. but it was not his idea
that 1t should be without people or
that its people should be politically
defective and delinquent Americans.
Its grand framework indicates the
expectation of a large population.
Washington's imagination covered
the fair fields and wooded hills of
his namesake city with the homes
OF numerous, busy and happy
people, a people not aliens political
ly, but clothed with all American
rights not absolutely inconsistent
with the fostering control by the
Nation OF the Nations Capital.
In honoring today the memory of
Washington let us resolve that his
words concerning the Nations City
shall not be falsified. Let us honor
the man by bringing the honor pre-
dlcted by him to his namesake city
With affectionate regard,
Your absentee President.
THEODORE w. MOVES
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Air Stewordess Originator
Ends Long Overseas Service
Copt. Church Served
z Years in European
Evacuation Unit

After nearly two years of service
with air evacuation units from
North Africa to Germany, Capt.
Ellen E. Church Of the Army Nurse
Corps, originator of the stewardess
system commonly used on passenger
liners today, is back for q rest and
more training, but with hardly a
memory of narrowing experiences
because she was too busy.
She went overseas with the 8O2d
Air Evacuation Unit, the first In the
North African theater, in February,
1943, and has served continuously in
combat areas since, in Sicily, Italy,
Normandy and Northern France
and finally in Germany. But the
most exciting moment she recalls is
the time her plane was brought
down by a bird.
An eagle or hawk few head-on
into one motor Of the plane, putting
it out of commission. The pilot
managed to land safely with one
motor on nearby fighter strip
which, fortunately, was held by the
Allies. One of the plane load of
patients, all suffering from combat
fatigue, insisted on changing the
name of the plane to the Bronx
Cheer" because it had been brought
down by bird, Capt. Church re-
calls.
The bird was so thoroughly i'm
bedded in various parts of the en-
gine, the motor could not be re-
paired at once, SO the nurse had an
80-mile jeep ride back to her head
quarters.
But nothing ever happens to me-"
she explained. When I was a stu
dent in flying school at San Fran
cisco, the planes always worked all
right while I had them, although
the motor might stall with the stu
dent before or after.
Never Forced to Bail Out.
when I was q stewardess flying
from Cheyenne to Oakland, I've
spent days weathered in on some
landing strip in the
sleeping on the floor of
the radio station or the couch in a
nearby farmhouse with blankets
carried just in case, but I have
never bailed out or been in a crash
or had a forced landing until that
bird got u.s."
Capt. Church was at French Hos
pital in San Francisco, learning to
fly in her spare time, when she got
the idea of having nurses as stew
ardesses on the new 18-passenger
planes United Air Lines was intend
ing to place in service in May, 1880.
She broached the suggestion to
Steve Stimson, Western manager
for United, who now is in the Army
Air Forces. He fell in with it i'm
but had a hard time
selling it to company officials.
They just didn't want women
around airplanes." she re-
calls, since they were having their
troubles without them. But they
Evening star., 1945-02-22

A paratrooper home on furlough
and recent high school graduate
who Is to be inducted into the Army
next Wednesday were injured last
night when the small cylinder they
were packing with match heads m
order to make q hand grenade ex-
ploded.
The paratrooper, Pvt. Hugh q.
Berry, 18, Of 1916 Eighth street n. W.,
On leave from Fort Benidng, Ga,
and his friend. Roy o. Rhodes. II,
aS, Of 4617 Kansas avenue NV,
were taken to Walter Reed Hospital
ioe treatment. Young Rhodes waa
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Woman Badly Burned

Mrs. Sarah Jackson, SO, colored
was critically burned in a fire said
to have been started by an explod-
ing kerosene stove in a house at
IS Fenton court NV. last night
Russell Brooks, 38, colored, of 447
Delaware avenue S.W., received
slight burns when he attempted to
reSclIe her
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Falls Into Grease Pit

FORT COLLINS, Colo. R.-
Samuel v. Lynes was only slightly
hurt when his automobile was In.
volved Ia q collision. Then, going
Tor help, he fell into the grease pit
|of. an abandoned filling station, cut
ting his face and possibly fracturina
This jaw.
Evening star., 1945-02-22
General Practice
Nurses>to Be Called
# Draft Bill Passes
BY CARTER BROOKE JONES


II Congress passes the nurse draft
bill, which has been approved by the
House Military Affairs Committee
and awaits House action, the armed
services will call up not only avail
able graduates of the Cadet Nurse
Corps, but many nurses In general
practice, unless the legislation is
followed by an unexpected squirt in
voluntary enlistments.
This view was expressed today by
some Of the officials most concerned
in finding nurses to relieve the criti-
cal shortage which confronts the
Army in the face Of mounting casu-
alties.
While the bill, as reported out by
the committee, requires draft boards
to exhaust their lists of eligible
cadet graduates before inducing
civilian nurses. the number Of quali-
ned cadets will fall far short of the
need, it was pointed out.
Set Up by Bolton Act.
The Cadet Nurse Corps was set up
by the Bolton Act only on July i.
1S43. 1t was opened to women In
various stages of their training. but
large proportion of the los .O0O
students enrolled at the latest tabu-
lation OF the United States Public
Health Service we're in the first or
second year OF their three-year
course.
AT the beginning of 1945, 10,43o
cadets had been graduated. Approx
lmately 40 per cent of thee had ap-
phed or been accepted for military
service. About Is per cent of those
who volunteered for the Army or
Navy were rejected for physical dis
ability.
With figures still incomplete. the
cadet graduates for January are
estimated at 800, and there will be
an estimated 1900 graduated in
February.
The Army needs 5000 nurses
at once to make up a quota OF
5000 set by Maj. Gen, Norman
Z. kork, the surgeon general. As
the minimum required to take ade-
quate care OF the wounded and
sick.
Offered Scholarship
The Public Health Service. un-
Ger the Bolton Act, offers q schol-
arship to girls accepted for the
Cadet Nurse Corps. This means the
girls receive their nursing educa-
ton at Government expense and :
small monthly allowance. :
In return. the girls pledge them
serves to remain nurses for the
duration. They do not, however
have to promise to enter the armed
forces. They agree to 20 into the
Army or Navy or some other Gov.
ernment service or else to take
essential civilian positions. The Pro-
curement and Assignment Service
OF the War Manpower Commission
decides which civilian places are
essential. I
Thus q large number OF cadet
graduates have remained on ci-
villain duty. There was talk Of
writing into the draft bill 4 re-
quirement for students in the corps
to sign up for military duty after
graduation. But the committee did
not DO this. It did. however, exempt
these graduates from the mandate
that draft boards must not call
nurses classed by Procurement and
Assignment Is doing essential CT
william work.
win Seek Early Action.
Chairman May Of the House Min
Ftary Affairs Committee hopes to Go
before the Rules Committee before
the end Of the week to ask that
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Red MorshuIs Decorated

MOSCOW, Feb. 20 tR.-Marshals
Semeon Timoshenko, Klementi
Voroshilov and Seneon Budyenny
have been awarded the Order Of
Lenin for IS years service in the
Red Army. 81 81
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Cos Leak Kills Mon

Phelix H. Blackshere, ~, colored,
was found dead early today in his
room at 1923 Fifteenth street NV.
Police said death was caused by 1
leak In the base Of . gas heater.
Evening star., 1945-02-22

Degree days-Total for month, sos;
total for season to date, 3,442;
normal for season to date. 3.299.
Evening star., 1945-02-22
WlIl Seek Earlx Action.

Chairman May Of the House NH
tary Affairs COMMITTEES hopes to q
before the Rules Committee before
the end Of the week to ask that