davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-03-28

AIHolQS' american DIVISION or
the U. S. Eighth Army. {.
The landings were made under
cover of heavy naval and air
bombardment at the town of Tall
say, five miles down the coast from
Cebu City, the capital: The Yanks
caught the enemy off guard, Mac
Arthur said, and struck up the
coast to within 2 IL miles OF c.
bu City.
Cebu, one of the three largest
Philippines islands still in Japa-
nese hands, lies between Ameri-
can-held Leyte and Panay. The
Japanese still hold nearby Negroes
and Bohol.
Tokyo broadcasts had said 1900
Americans landed at dawn Mon
day on Cebu, where Sergio Osme-
ma, Philippines president. was born.
Cebu, with an area of 1,703 square
miles, is the ninth largest island
in the Archipelago. It is 140 miles
from north to south and 10 to 30
miles wide.
Northwest of Cebu, field dispatch
es said that the American 10th
divisions motorized reconnaissance
forces had split the island of Pa
nay in half. Those troops drove S.
miles northward from the beaches
on which they landed March 10
and reached Capiz, second largest
town on the island, without en-
countering opposition.
East of Manila the Sixth and 43rd
Divisions, rolling up crumbling Jap
anese defenses in the Sierre Madre
captured the enemy
stronghold of New Bosoboso, Is
miles northeast of the Philippines
capital and % miles from the east
coast. They also cleared the enemy
from two nearby mountains.
In the Batangas area of south
western Luzon, the 18th Airborne
Division drove three miles north
ward to within a mile of Lipa, key
road and rail center Is miles north
east of Batangas city. The First
Cavalry Division, striking from the
north, advanced three miles and
seized Malvar airfield near Tana-
uan, moving within 10 miles of a
junction with the airborne troops.
In northern Luzon, Macarthur
announced that the japanese were
suffering heavy losses in the Ba-
lete Pass area east of the Philip
pines summer capital of Baguio.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-03-28

put Gen. Dwight d. ElSen-
hover said in a statement of his
|oWn: ,..-
There will be no negotiated
unconditional surrender. There will
be an imposed unconditional sur
render"
Churchill and Eisenhower made
their statements, and reliable dip
lomatic sources reported the Ger
man peace feelers, as the Allied
armies ripped through shattered
German lines almost without re-
slstance. F r mt correspondents
said the war in the west was roar
ing toward its end in brilliant
Allied victory.
Chaos was spreading in Ger
many. Millions of refugees and
many thousands of army deserters
were roaming the country. Smash
ed railroads were unable to de.
liver food. Stockholm reported
that there was possibility soon Of
an army revolt. Adolf Hitler was
comforting with cabinet ministers
and Nazf leaders regarding the de.
bacle into which he had plunged
the country.
There have been several peace
feelers in the last week, inform
ants in neutral capitals said. The
men who put out the feelers were
described as presenting them
selves as anti-Nazi Germans rep.
resentative of Germany that
now warts to be good"
Authoritative informants s d
that in nearly every instance
peace probers tried to put blame
Continued on Page Three; Col. u
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-03-28
House Passes Allied Chief
Manpowerb Bill Is Silent On
In Close Vote Victory Date
Compromise Measure Sent
To Senate f; Hard Fight
Predicted

WASHINGTON, March 27.-(P-
Manpower legislation arming War
Mobilizer James F. Byrnes with
an enforcement club Of Jail SEN
fences and fines squeaked through
the House today by seven-vote
margin.
A vote Of 1877 to 100 sent to the
Senate the compromise bill giving
Byrnes power to fix ceilings on
employment, to freeze workers ir
their jobs and and to regulate hir'
ing and rehiring. Violations of his
orders by either employer or EN-
ploye would be punishable by one
year in Jail and a fine Of $4,000
An even harder fight on the bill
is expected in the Senate, which
probably will take it up tomorrow
During the two months of battling
on Capital Hill which produced the
compromise measure, the Senate
baked on less sweeping meas
ure adopted by the House.
While Republicans did most o.
the talking against the bill during
the one hour of debate permitted
today under House rules, 48 Demo
Gratis ), joined tn m in voting
against it. The 100 votes the pc
ponents mustered surprised ever
the bills most vegement foes.
Backing the measure worked
out by Senate and House con-
ferees during two weeks of give
and-take sessions were 139 Demo
Gratis, q Republicans and the lone
American-Labor member.
The bill passed the House origin
ally on February l., providing fol-
the induction, fine or imprison'
ment of draft-age men refusing to
take or keep essential jobs at 10.
cal draft board request.
On March 8, the Senate passed
an entirely different measure,
levying penalties on employers vi
olating job ceilings fixed by the
War Manpower Commission and
extending the bills coverage to all
working men and women, regard
less of age.
Draft board jurisdiction was left
completely out of the compromise
the Senate-House conferees wrote.
Administration was given to the
Director Of War Mobilization, with
power for him to call upon other
agencies to help enforce the law.
Opponents assailed the measure
as the forerunner of enslavement
of American workers and the an
tithesis of what American soldiers
are fighting against throughout
the world. 1t was, they said, anti
labor.
Backers argued that there was
nothing coercive in the legislation,
that it would not interfere with
any of labor's rights or with the
rights of anyone working in sup
port of the war effort. They as
serted that there could be no val
id objection to freezing home-front
war workers in their jobs when
millions of men have been frozen
into the armed services at $50 a
month
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-03-28

purpose it was explained, was to
reduce the strain on transporta-
ton and hotel facilities in San
Francisco and keep officials at
their posts at a critical time.
A widespread repor: that Ger
many had surrendered arose from
General Eisenhower's statement
in an interview that "the German
army as a military force on the
Western Front is a whipped ar
my" The Supreme Commander
added ''but that does not mean a
front connot be formed somewhere
where our maintenance is stretch
ed to the limit" Earlier he had
Continued on Page Seven; Col. y
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-03-28
First Army Drives n Miles Through Reich
Nazi Lines Smashed By Seven Allied Unit:
Eisenhower sS/ys Foe In West Is Whipped
tanks Invade Cebu:
Resistance Moderate
MacArthur's Men Already Two And Half
Miles From Capital City; Panay Island
Is Split In Half By Advance

MANILA Wednesday, March o. WD-Amercan have
nded on Cebu island in the central Philippines pushed
east coast to within two and capital city
day.
The landing Cebu 18th Philippines to be invaded
by MacArthur men, was made by troops H.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-03-28
Germans; Denying Mazis,
HeldhobingForPeace

LONDON March Enthusiastically informed to-
night that conservave Germans posing putting
out desperate feeers said
that such feeers would be considered jointly
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-03-28
FORECAST

Partly cloudy and warmer TO-DAY. Wit,
moderate southerly winds.
Yesterdays temperatures:
High, 73-Low, Al.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-03-28

Continued on Page Two; Col. y
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-03-28

Continued on Page Seven; Col. 8
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-14
Bill
Approved


WASHINGTON, July l3 ms
Congressional action on the
$500 100000 appropriation bill for
is war agencies was completed
today when both Senate and
House approved a conference
agreement The bill. il was an
nounced, will be fiown overseas
for signature of President Tru-
man
WASHINGTON. July Is INS)
Defeating a motion TO reduce
funds for the Office OF War In
formation. the House today sent
10 the Senate for final passage
the long deadlocked war agencies
appropriation bill
An attempt 10 defeat the con-
ference report on the bill 50 the
Owl appropriation could be
SlaShed was defeated by a vote
of l40 to 5s and the report was
then approved without a record
vote.
All that remained was for the
Senate 10 approve the conference
report, after which the S800,OOO,-
900 bill, the last major appropria-
tion measure for the 1916 fiscal
year. would go TO the White
House.
House approval came after
several hours debate. The favor.
able vote was greatly facilitated
by House and Senate agreement
yesterday 10 continue the Fair
Employment Practice Committee
the chief bone of contention
year.
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-14
Kenney, Spddtz
Divide Air War

WASHINGTON. July 13 CUP)
The army air war against Japan
will be directed by two four-star
air force generals-Gen. George c.
kenney, who will have charge of
tactical air forces opposing Japan,
and Gen. Carl A. Spaatz, in COM
mand of strategic bombing forces.
This was confirmed by officials
here. Kenney, who operates under
Macarthur, commander Of all army
forces in the Pacific, now COM
mands the Fifth, 18th and Seventh
forces.
Spaatz. who directed the behind
the-lines bombing in the European
war, will report directly 10 Gen.
II. II. Arnold, commander of the
army air forces. Under him will
be the goth Air Force, whose Su-
perfortresses have laid waste 10
many Japanese cities, and 1t. Gen.
Jimmy Doolittles Eighth Air
Force.
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-14
Steers Blasts Port Experts Fees

developed for the long range fu-
ture.
'If possible, its development
should be prior TO the time addi-
tonal runways are required at
the Gulley-Ford road site, at
which time the latter would be-
come an intermediate airport"
the report said.
The Wayne County airport,
which had been top choice in the
preliminary report just two
months ago, and which, up to five
weeks ago, was still its No. l
selection, was second choice for a
major airport on this side OF the
river.
It offered the advantages:
Least cost for develop
ment.
2-Least loss 10 appraised
valuation OF adjoining property.
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-14

Massachusetts, and Alabama, and
g carrier, the San Jacinto, par
ticipated in the recent carrier
strike against Tokyo.
Tons of green water Sloshed
across the carriers fat tops which
had been cleared OF their planes
and strung with lifelines, while
the smaller ships, destroyers and
cruisers. bounced from steep wave
10 trough and frequently were
hidden from sight.
Fleet weather observers first
noticed the typhoon gathering
June some $50 miles north of
the Palaus. BY June 4 il had
attained typhoon proportions.
Identifying IL OF the damaged
ships, authorities said that the
new heavy cruiser l.. s. S. Pitts
burgh was most heavily dam
aged of the group.
Ships damaged were:
Battieships: The Massachusetts
the Indiana and the Alabama.
Heavy carriers: Hornet and
Bennington.
Light carriers; San Jacinto and
Belleau Wood.
Escort carrier: Bougainville.
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-14
I'll of HaIsey's Ships
Smashed by TyphOOn
CONTINUED from Page one)

Heavy cruiser: Pittsburgh.
Destroyers: John Rodgers and
Blue.
Three other cruisers and seven
destroyers.
The Pittsburgh had 100 feet of
her bow sheared off by the
mountainous waves, but she
weathered the blow, without a
single man being killed or in
jured, and came back 10 Guam
under her own power-her bow
being towed in later.
The storm swooped in on Hal
sey's force as it apparently was
withdrawing from carrier strikes
carried out June 2-3 against Japa-
nese bases on Kyushu. and only
10 days after the navy disclosed
that The -Bull". had putt to sea
with his Third Fleet.
II was the second time the
Third Fleet was hamstrung by
foul weather, another typhoon
having blasted Halseys ships last
Dec Is when it was retiring from
Mindoro in the Philippines.
Three destroyers the USS
Hull, Monaghan and Spence
were listed as lost as result of
the winter typhoon,
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-14
Fires Sweep
8 Jap Cities

GUAM, July 10 GNS)-Fanned
by a Pacific gale, gasoline-fed
flames roared across more than
45o miles of the japanese home
land today in the wake Of a
mighty B-29 raid in which $50
Superforts dropped $500 tons Of
incendiarieS.
Today, hours after the crash
ing raid. Tokyo admitted that in
many sections the flames were out
Of control.
(In Washington, a Twentieth
Air Force communique reported
that two aircraft were lost in
the raid and a third Is missing.
IL said bombing was by pre-
ciSion instrument and results
were unobserved.)
Eight cities on the home islands
Of Honshu and Shikoku under
went the devastating ordeal by
fire.
Meanwhile, as Japan fearfully
awaited a new attack from the
powerful u. S. Third Fleets car
rier planes, believed still prowl-
ing of the coast, American air
officials promised that Nippon
could expect bombing attacks
from every conceivable level-l0
feet 10 10000.
Meanwhile, a communique by
Adm. Nimitz said planes of Fleet
Airwings One and Is ranged as
far as the Whangpoo River near
Shanghai and the Sendai area
along the HonShue coast OF Japan
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-14
485 PuIImdns Put
In Military Pool

CHICAGO, July Is GNS)-The
Pullman Co. reported today that
sleeping car space sufficient TO
accommodate 10000 perso S
nightly will be transferred TO ex-
elusive military use at noon Sun
day when the railroads hand over
485 Pullman cars TO the military
car pool.
The sleeping cars are being
taken from their regular runs
under the ODT order banning use
OF these cars between points 450
miles or less apart.
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-14

charged because his pet site was
ignored by the experts.
OF Smiths complaint that the
Ford-Gulley location would cut
off Detroit-C Chicago trunk high
way, the major said:
"Of course IL we're going TO
use 1000 acres for an airport
site we're certainly going 10
have TO leave out some roads,
wherever il goes. I'm not sure
this Chicago route
would be cut off. II could be re-
routed around the airport To-
cation.
Henry Ford II entered the con-
troversy yesterday by writing the
Board Of Commerce. urging the
acquisition of the Willow Run Air
port, one Of the newest and largest
in the country. 1t is owned by the
government and is being used now
only partially by the Packard TX
perimental laboratories al Willow
Run.
EXPERTS HEDGE
The experts report listed Will
low Run as an army installation
and called il one of the objections
to the Wayne County airport, be-
cause of their proximity.
While their report was supposed
TO be the final recommendation for
a major airport site, the experts
hedged slightly by making the
Ford-Gulley road site still sec
ondary 10 the international site
across the river, which they urged
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-14
.VandenberQ
Here

Home from the San Francisco
conference, Senator Vandenberg
of Michigan in his first public
address on the subject commended
the world security charter to his
Michigan constituents today as
mans best chance for a better,
a safer and happier world"
Vandenberg, who helped TO
draft the charter at San Fran
cisco. spoke at a Detroit Eco
nomic Club luncheon in the Book
Cadillac Hotel. His words were
broad cast nationally by the
Columbia Broadcasting System.
He will speak again at 10 p. m.
from radio station WXYZ and
other stations of the Michigan
radio network.
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-14
0PAVioIdtors
Get StOOFine
Judge Wat+s Acts on
Threat TO Be Tough

Making good his threat 10 get
tough with OPA price ViolatorS,
Ordinance Judge John d. Watts
today fined three Of them and
placed them all on a years proba-
hon. Fined by Watts
Harry Simon. 81. Hi-Way Mar
ket, 1900 Woodward, SIS for a
q cent overcharge on meat.
John Eldred. 81, Of SOL May
sury Grand. 500 for charging as
Sents over the ceiling on a three
pound chicken.
Sarah Gold, 81. Of 922 West
Minister, 500 for selling a chicken
!or SO cents over the ceiling.
Earlier. Watts had outlined a
,even-point OPA price enforce
nent program. II includes
duplicate transcripts Of
cases heard in traffic and ordI-
nance court. one for the court
files and the other for the
mayor.
NoTUICATIoN TO MAYOR
AT the courts discretion.
notification 70 the mayor OF re-
peSted violstorS tor possible
suspension or revocation Of city
licenses
8-Court examination of rec
ordS of previous violations to be
furnished by the OPA.
DETERMINATION by the
prosecutors office whether ve.
hicleS found with uninSpeCted or
adulterated meats may be con-
fiscated under state law No
city ordinance carr IS such a
provision.
B-IsSuance Of tickets by
OPA investigators, citing AL
legged violstors 10 appear in
court.
PROBATIONARY TERMS
S-Probationary Jail sen.
fences for those convicted OF
price violations or black market
activities, in addition TO fines
and actual Jail terms.
SPEEDY trials for persons
cited for such violations.
Attending the meeting were
Frank Schemanske, chief assist
ant prosecutor, and Arthur L.
Barkey, assistant corporation
counsel in charge of ordinance
violations
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-14
Berlin NaZiS
Lose

LONDON, July 13 (UP)-The
Perln radio said the city council
decreed today that the property
of all Nazis and every one who
aided them Will be conhscated ir
the German capital.
The Importance of the de-
cree Is likely TO reach far be-
yond Berlin, although II applies
only to Berlin at present." the
broadcast said
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-14
THE WEATHER

Detroit and vicinity, Partly cloudy toniEh,
ana saturday Little change IN temperature
Lowest tonight about a. Gentle winds
DETROIT DATA
Temperatures Thursday Highest 50 de-
EreeL lowest So mean, 10
Departure from normal temperature Thurs
day. ] degree
Departure from normal temperature since
Jan /: 3o4 oerreet
Temperatures one year aEo today High
est - degrees. Lowest 81 mean TO
Temperatures this -dste-th pAtt-f2 years-
Highest. lo2 degrees In 1895, lowest. 40 IN
1870.
Relative humidity Thursdsy 2 80 a. m
sos $50 a. m, ssF. 80 2. m, 3eF,
$50 p m Az.
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-14
Continued from Page One)

Continued from Page One)
should do, which is the case
here, we certainly shouldn't ig-
more their recommendation.
"And that gift land Is very
much like the gift of IA white
elephant. Assuming you have
the gift, then what are you
going 10 do with IT."
HE REPLIES TO BOTH
The state official replied direct
to criticism by Allan Dean, who
heads the drive for funds with
which TO purchase the gift land,
and Leroy c. Smith, county high
way engineer and leading ex-
ponent of the development of the
Wayne County airport.
Dean had said the Wyoming
site had been thoroughly APP
proved, after innum ber b ] g
studies. and suggested engineers
who proposed the Ford -Gulley
location were leading candidates
for oblivion.
Those previous surveys"
Steers asserted. "were lunch
hour decisions. This is the first
time a reputable concern has
worked on the project all day
and every day for months and
months. This survey cannot be
laughed off,"
Smith. who has the Wayne
County airport under his juris-
diction as county highway engi-
-Reer,-was- -"disilasioned," Steers
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-14
CIO, AFL
Backs
Charter

WASHINGTON, July 13 QNS)
Labor leaders William Green
and Philip Murray today joined
John Foster Dulles. veteran inter-.
national lawyer and treaty ad-
wiser, in urging immediate Senate
ratification of the United Nations
charter 10 outlaw war.
Green. president of the AFI;,
told the Senate foreign relations
committee American wage earners
ARE against war as a political
instrumentality and believe armed
force is a last resort, and then
only under control of an impartial
agency"
Murray, CIO leader, did not ap-
pear in person but filed a state
ment in support of the charter.
ASKS SPEEDY o. X.
The CIO president called for
early and Overwhelming" ap-
proval OF the charter, asserting
reservations or limitations of any
description must be understood
as simply an attempt 20 defeat
IT'S enactment
Murray described as an error"
however, refusal of the San Fran
cisco conference to recognize the
new ClO-sponsored world trade
union federation and appealed for
permission for labor 10 participate
IN the councils of the international
security organization.
Dulles. who served as chief legal
adviser 10 the American delega-
tlon AT the San Francisco confer
epce, told the committee in a pre-
pared statement the document
before you charts path which
we can follow joyfully and with
out fear
REFUTES IMPRESSION
The Republican foreign policy
adviser who served Gov Thomas
r. Dewey in-that capacity during
the 1914 presidential campaign,
refuted the widespread impress
sion that Germany regained her
power because the Versailles
treaty was soft"
Germany recovered her mill
tary might because the treaty
of Versailles was not enforced"
ne Sald. The reason why II vas
not enforced was because the
rictOrs fell apart. I assume ue
do not want To do that again"
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-14
Inventor Gets 3 Years

John McDavid, 81. Of 982 Sher-
man, who tried TO invent eigaret
combining marijuana. paregoric
and whisky, was sentenced by
Federal Judge Frank A. Picard to-
daY 10 serve three wears in prison.
Detroit evening times., 1945-07-14
PLEDGES HIS SUPPORT

In the luncheon talk, he pledged
his support 10 the ratification OF
the harter ''in the deep con-
viction that the alternative is
physical and moral chaos in many
weary places OF the earth"
I'VE have not created super
state" he declared I'VE have
not organized "A world govern
ment. We have not hauled
down the Stars and Stripes
from the capitol. We have
simply agreed 10 cooperate
effectively with 80 other SOW
ereign states in the mutual pur-
suit Of peace and security.
There could be no more
glorious attribute of sovereignty
than to use II In support
permanent peace which-in the
light Of our eXperience-means
even more to us than to any
other land on earth"
QUESTION or FORCE
Regarding tho use Of force
Vandenberg said the world now
is at the mercy OF Russia
Britain and the United States re-
gardless of whether VIC form thi,
league or not"
But" he added. "the world
Is even more at their mercy
without the San Francisco
charter than with IT,"
1t would be impossible under
the charter, he said 10 send
American boys 10 war on alien
orders" as critics charge, since
United States approval is neceS-
sarN-hefore its forces can he used
The great hope however, in tho
senator's opinion. lies not in the
use Of force but in peaceful settle-
.ment before disputes ever reach
fighting stage
Significantly. Gov Kelly pre-
sided al the luncheon. Only
yesterday Kelly. until then Van
denberg's chief prospective rival
for denomination In 1916. an
nounced he would not seek the
Senate seat and would withdraw
from the governorship at the ex-
piration Of his present term.
The Detroit Times has far more
nationally famous features than
any other Detroit newspaper.