davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-07-23
Jupun and the Charter

Despite some official attempts to
play it down." there can be little
doubt that the broadcast to Japan
by Captain Ellis M. ZachariaS, in
which our unconditional surrender
demand is tied for the first time to
the Atlantic Charter, is of consider
ably greater significance than would
be the case with routine propa-
ganda statement.
In the first place, the broadcast
was made against the background
of the Potsdam conference, and 1t
is said to have had the full approval
of President Truman. Secondly, 1t
came at the eleventh hour for
Japan, warning that nation Of the
possible complications" it faces un-
less its leaders act and act promptly
to initiate the cessation of hos
tilities."
The first and most reasonable in
ference to be drawn from this is
that we are holding the possibility
of Russian Intervention over the
heads of the Japanese in order to
hasten their capitulation. 1t is also
possible, however, that the state
ment is designed to serve some bar
gaining purpose at PotSdam, but to
assume this without reservation
would be highly speculative, to say
the least. More probably, we are
simply warning the japanese that
if they hope for any consideration
from us they must lay down their
arms before our redeployment pro-
gram is completed and invasion is
under way. 1t was in this connection
that Captain Zacharias brought up
the question of the Atlantic Charter.
Asserting that the Charter, with
the Cairo Declaration, are the
sources of our policy, the Navy cap
tain, described as an official spokeS-
man for this Government, declared:
"The japanese leaders face two al
ternatives. One is the virtual de-
struction Of Japan, followed by a
dictated peace. The other is uncon-
ditional surrender with its attend
ant benefits as laid down by the
Atlantic Charter" To this, Captain
Zacharias added the pointed OBJ
servation that if Japan decides to
surrender without delay, 'it may be
assumed that it will be the United
States which will enforce the for
mula and insure the peace"
This is important because, in the
past, the Charter in its practical
application has proved to be an ex-
ceedingly elastic document. But it
is also a fact, well known to the
world, that the pressure for distort-
ing the commonly accepted mean
ing of the Charter has not come
from this country. Hence, the in
ference is that If Japan surrenders
now, she can expect from us an in
depreciation of the Charter which
does not do violence to its terms. On
the other hand, if the japanese elect
to fight on, they will have to risk the
possibility that there may be other
interpretations.
At this time there is nothing to
be gained from arm chair" at
tempts to say what the Charter
means with respect to Japan. But
it should be noted that President
Roosevelt, in reporting to Congress
on the meeting with Mr.. Churchill
at which the Charter was drafted,
said that the declaration of prin-
ciples in that document necessarily
includes freedom of religion. Thus,
for the first time, we appear to have
told the japanese that uncondition-
al surrender now. would not entail
suppression of their religious beliefs
and practices.
Evening star., 1945-07-23
Commentator and Thanks

Commentator and Thanks
To the Editor Of The Star:
Your editorial in The Star for July 16
concerning Gen. Chennault's resignation
OF command of the 14th Air Force
seemed particularly well written and,
for the reason that the general is my
brother, 1t was especially interesting,
and pleasing, to me.
I am saving copy of the paper which
I shall be very glad to pass on to him
as soon as opportunity permits.
I believe that am justified in ex-
pressing to you the thanks of my brother
for the editorial, as express my own.
WILLIAM S. CHENNAULT.
Evening star., 1945-07-23
Justify the Fuith
From the Victoria Times.

From the Victoria Times.
Private enterprise will be subject to
criticism in the road to postwar re-
establishment, as would any other sysr
tenn that might be attempted. The re-
suits Of the election have shown public
faith In the established economic policy.
Private enterprise must now justify that
faith, and in achieving that justification
1t must expand. its thinking beyond the
restricted limits OF SELF interest alone.
Evening star., 1945-07-23
Objects to Sugar for Spain

Objects to Sugar for Spain
To the Editor Of The Star:
Isn't there any one in the know why"
who can tell us bewildered housewives
of America why the Government alo-
Gates to Spain 10000 tons of sugar,
which is 100000, 900 pounds, at a time
when we are told to save and almost
count every grain we use?
We gladly have co-operated in every
way possible. but it does not leave a
very good taste In our mouths to go
without, so that country that has
given every possible aid to Germany
and has been a refuge for the Nazis who
have killed and manned our fine boys,
can have sugar at our expense. It
doesn't make sense to us women.
MRS. CHARLTON CLARK.
Evening star., 1945-07-23
With q Difference

Reproduction Rishts Reserved,
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09

Lansing, Mar. 9-AP A move to
persuade the public there will be
no state treasury surpluses avail.
able to provide financial aid to the
cities was launched in the Senate
Thursday.
As the chamber broke its long
silence over proposed new taxes
and the state aid question, Senator
Otto w. Bishop. Alpena Republican,
summed up the hitherto private
arguments OF legislators who CON
tend the state will have no money
to help local communities.
Estimating the current fiscal
years surplus at approximately
$40, 900. 900, Bishop declared more
than $16.OO0,000 OF that sum. is
committed in bills passed or now
"in transit in the legislature An
other 16 bills with hidden appro-
priations have not been tabulated,
he said.
81 can assure the legislature that
when the end of the year comes
June 30)," Bishop said. there
won't be a dollar left OF the sur
plus"
(Some municipal mayors and
legislators have eyed that 100000
600 surplus as source for state
aid to communities
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
Drive Shows
Results

Professor s. T.. Fagerstrom, chair
man OF the Ypsilantl 1915 Red
Cross War Fund drive TO raise
$4,000 to help the boys at the
front reports that the results are
very promising. Very few com
plete reports have yet been receiv'
ed. The Ford Generator Plant has
gone over the top by several hun
dred dollars. Their grand total
now stands at 81 sos, rise OF more
than $500 over last years contri-
button. Motor state office force
and Peninsulsr Paper office force
have reported more in each case,
than the whole factory gave last
year. when the men OF each com
pany have been heard from. the
1914 sum will probably be doubled.
Prof. Fagerstrom estimates. The
Hammond Company has already
increased its subscription by 100
per cent.
Michigan state Normal College
has never before been consnered a
specialized unit for Red Cross So
licltations. This year the faculty
members have subscribed approx
mately 1920 instead OF reporting
individually In the house-to-house
canvas.
At present, only q partial report
is ready. from the special gifts de
partment.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
Nav Extend Terms

Lansing. Mar. 9-AP-The Sen
ate passed and sent to The House
today proposed constitutional
amendments to extend the terms Of
legislators and county officials
from two to four years-but sim
liar extension for state elective Of
ficials was shelved until next week
after the Republicans scented a
Democratic prank 10 upset the bill
Crux of the suspected upset was
a provision which would sandwich
state and county elections between
presidential elections in the future.
Detroit Democrats, fearing that
might reduce their predominant
strength in Wayne County govern
ment. lost an attempt to place the
state elections in presidential cleo
ton years.
Republicans said frankly they de
sired to hold the elections for the
four-year offices, II the people ap-
proved the change. in 1916 and
avoid the presidential election.
Lacking the necessary two-thirds
majority in their own ranks to
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
Mine Owners
Attack Fees

Washington Mar. 9-UP Soft
coal operators began an attack to-
day on the United Nine Workers
demand for l0'conts q ton royalty
on all soft coal mined In the coun-
try.
The National Coal Association
released figures showing that BIZ
luminous mine owners are already
paying almost 10 cents ton In fed
,ral and state taxes for their work
ers' old age benefits. unemploy'
mcnt compensation, workmen's
compensation and vocational dis
ease insurance.
INV President John /. Lewis
demanded the royalty to provide
medical service. disqualification, in
smancc and economic protection
for his 100000 union members.
John r. BATTLES. executive sec
rotary Of the association. said the
annual contribution made by mine
owners for each worker was
S1iS.95. plus $50 vacation payment.
He estimated that 1t would be
increased 10 $4775j. or almost 81
cents a ton. II the union were grant
Cd its demands for the royalty, six
holidays and a boost in vacation
pay from $50 to 500.
Operators were reported almost
unanimously opposed to the royal
~.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
Roomer Reported
Missing, Traced
to Monroe Bank

Miss Myrtle Gullcy. a roomer al
III y. Huron St, is reported miss
ing since Sunday. March T.
She went TO the Eagles Lodge In
Monroe with Mr.. and Mrs Harold
Crowl. OF the same address Sunday
evening, but told them shse would
come home with a Larry Conlin. a
resident of Monroe Her friends
say they have not seen her since.
Mr.. Conlin said that they started
for Ypsilanu, but upon reaching
the bank in Monroe, Miss Gullev
decided to return with her fliends,
presumably the Crowls. He claims
that was the last he saw Of her.
She is % years old. five feet.
seven inches tall, weighs IL
pounds has light brown hair. and
blue eyes. and is said to have had
very little money with her when
she disappeared.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
Strikers Vote to
Negotiate Dispute

Detroit Mar. 9-AP-A one-day
strike affecting 5000 workers az
the Graham;Paige Motors. Inc.
plant ended today but $4,000 strik-
ers at seven Briggs Manufacturing
Co. plants were expected TO re
main off their jobs at least until
after the week end.
The Graham Paige workers walk
ed out yesterday following the dis
cipllning Of number of employees
accused by the company OF leaving
their jobs before the customary
washing-up time. \ back-to-work
vote was taken later in the day
at a meeting Of local lac. United
Automobile Workers (ClO). with
an agreement to negotiate a wash
ing-up period. dispute.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
Vandenberg Wants Review of
Agreements at Peace Table
tVnnpaar,f asainsl the scnator whIcl

fEsmpaaHst gainsl the senator which
seemed to add up TO charge that
he was ieopardizing world peace.
Poland Ia the cause OF Nanden-
bergs dislike OF current European
political adjustment II also is
the major cause OF bitter Ameri
can Communist protests against his
postwar review plan. The unquali-
fed nature OF the Communist as
sault on .Nandenberg probably may
fairly be accepted as rejecting the
views OF Russian communists and
Of Marshall Josef V. Stain.
II that assumption is correct
there will be some basic Disagree
ments at the San Francisco confer
enco. not only as between various
delegations hut among the Ameri'
can delegates themselves.
1t. Comdr. II. T.. Stassen, former
governor OF Minnesota, who also Is
Republican conference delegate,
has stated his own position in gen
eral terms. There seems to he
nothing in II which would prevent
his going along with everything
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
BY RUEL s. MOORE

Washington. Mar. Sup The
war in Europe has taken such a
dramatic turn overnight that mill
tary observers here are prepared
for almost any kind OF news from
Germany.
Complete disintegration Of enemy
resistance in a matter OF weeks
would cause no great surprise.
The rapid crossing OF the Rhine
by L. S. First Army troops south
Of Cologne has rung up the curtain
with breathtaking swiftness on
what may well be the final act
from the west
In the east, the Red Army too. is
reported on the march. with its
vanguards 25 miles or less from
the outskirts OF Berlin.
The unacceptable fact is that Ger.
many is in her worst military pre-
dicament OF World war II. She
may not yet be on the brink Of
collapse. but she Is much closer
to 1t than any observer here would
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
Ohio Riuer Approaching Crest

Portsmouth, O., Mar, 9-AP -
This city OF 10000 inhabitants
crossed its fingers today and put
its trust in a thin line of sandbags
as the Ohio River approached Il
crest of IS feet, 10 above flood
stage.
The barricade. hastily erected by
townsfolk and Ohio State Guards
men, stretched $500 feet across
the Norfolk and Western railway
yards in the eastern section of the
city.
An earthen and concrete wall and
the Scioto County hills protected
the industrial community on the
other side, Tapped by waters of both
the Ohio and the Scioto Rivers.
One main highway, state route
1879, was open into the city.
The rise OF the Ohio had slowed
to two-hundredths of a foot an
hour. The stage at Portsmouth was
64.S5 feet at 2 a. m. CWT) The
river was stationary at Ashland,
Ky, 30 miles upstream. encourag-
ing the citizens in their fight TO
whip the food.
Up the Ohio River. the swollen
waters were receding at Steuben-
Vile and East Liverpool, while
Marietta and Ironton-the latter
safe behind a 73foot floodwall-
awaited crests OF 47.9 and 81 feet,
respectively. today. The river was
falling slowly at Cincinnati after
reaching a crest Of 6S.7 feet Wed
nesday night. Louisville momen-
tarily expected a crest of 47.3 feet.
II the sandbag dixie, averaging
three feet in height, can hold,
Portsmouth will escape ravage by
a major food first time in its 139'
year history.
While hundreds OF square miles
OF nearby lowlands were inundated
by the muddy overflow. Portsmouth
remained dry because 10 feet OF
concrete were piled on the wall
over which a food poured In 1881
causing property damage OF Sl6,'
100000.
The concrete wall will hold back
77.foot stage. but it terminates
at Highlands, east OF the city. and
this is where the sandbag dixie is
needed. The temporary bulwark
extending from the river to the
hills was standing against a near
65-foot stage, and perspiring work
ers strove to build it still higher.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
Senate Has
Nurse Draft

Washington. Mar. 9-AP-The
nurse draft bill came under the
care OF the Senate Military Com.
mitiee today. its members sorely
divided over how to treat II.
Senators Johnson (DColo) aud
O'Mahoney CD-Wyo), citing a dire
need OF nurses to attend sick and
wounded soldiers, viewed the
House.passed measure fayorably.
III we've got to get nurses,
Johnson told a reporter, you can't
hold back OH a proposal OF that
kind. You have 10 get them In
quantity and quality and get them
with bayonets. II necessary. No
thing is more important than the
care Of the wounded
But Senator Chandler (D-ky'
called for the defeat OF the
bill and greater concentration on
voluntary recruitment. Agreeing.
Senator Kilgore. (D-W.Na), said
military red tape" is holding back
volunteers.
Il don't like the idea OF drafting
some one to wait on you when you
are sick" Chandler declared.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09

10000 prisoners OF war alone. The
take on Wednesday was between
0ou and 5000 prisoners. Since
the drst OF February the Germans
have lost about 10000 prisoners
OF war on the western front
They lost more than 100000 pris-
oners in the battle in the Ardenncs.
These figures are in addition to
their killed and wounded which
can be estimated az least equal 10
prisoners OF War.
The rapid dash OF 1t Cen George
S. Patton's Third Army to C0hienz
Is expected 10 cut of parts Of sew
eral moro German divisions while
the Sazis south ~ the M0scile are
IN danger ~ being cut of
The Germans probably got parts
Of most ~ their divisions back
across fhr Rhine from the area
north Of 'he Mosolle. but few with
ou' serious losses IN men and even
greater losses In material.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09

have dared think a week or even
a day ago.
II Germany had counted on the
Rhine as a great barrier to check
the western Allies. that dream Is
now shattered American troops
have been on the Berlin side OF the
river for as hours and are steadily
expanding their bridgehead
No Fixed Stand
Should the Allies penetrate so
miles beyond the Rhine without be.
ing seriously checked by prepared
defenses. observers believe the
Germans viii not be capable Of
making another Fixed stand any
where I'm the west.
And Il is doubted here that the
Nazis have enough men to make a
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
Labor Draft
in Deadlock


Washington. Mar. . ms \
deadlock between Senate and
House over manpower legislation
was threatened today with the two
bodies passing widely different
bills.
The Senate finally passed the
O'Mahoney substitute for the
House -approvcd May work or jail
bill by vote OF 90 to 10. which
indicated its strong opposition to
labor draft legislation.
The House was expected TO send
the measure to a joint Senate
House conference today.
The Senate bill gives statutory
authority TO the War Manpower
Commission. authorizes the chair.
man 10 Ak ceilings on employment
establishes managcmentlabor com
mittecs and provides for paying
transportation Of workers entering
war plants
II was IN direct contrast to the
House measure which authorizes
the drafting Of men between Is
and - for war work
Rep May Cb) Ky chairman OF
the House Military Affairs Com
miiiee assailed the Senate bill.
We might as well have no man
power legislation as 10 have the
Senate bill he exclaimed 81 SUP
pose we'll have a conference but
VIII { they passed Is really not
worth considering
N they fool around with me
"fIl tell what some senators have
told me-that the hoped to de
bate the bill until Germany fell and
then Kill it,
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
Nazis Believed in Worst Military
Predicament of War

prolonged stand along the Rhine
against ,the pile driver that Gen.
Dwight d. Eisenhower has prepsr-
Cd
The heavy fighting on both east
ern and western fronts Plus steady
bombardment Of German communi-
cations and resources from the air
Is believed to have eaten away
virtually all Of Germany's trained
reserves. This has been evidenced
by the presence OF large numbers
OF inexperienced feplaCements
among the Nazi prisoners now fall
ing into Allied hands
Many Prisoners
Since the current offensive
across the Roer started in the west
the Germans have lost close to
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09

WasliiJgtp., Mar. 9Asu Sen.
Arthur II. yandcnberG, (R-Mich.l,
has taken another poke at the
Communists where II Will hurt.
lie made a speech yesterday In
his dual role OF senator and dele
gate to the April 20 San Francisco
Security Conference. He proposed
again that wartime political deci'
sions being made now and In the
future In Europe shall be subject TO
impartial review when peace Is re-
stored.
vdhdenberg first made that pro
posal on Jan. 10 In widely ap-
plauded Senate speech. The ap.
plause scarcely had subsidized. how
ever. when American Communist
speakers and writer's opened a
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
Virtually Endless Columns
Tanning Out on East Bank;
.News Blackout Continues
Adolf Hitler
Visits Oder
Sector
tBy The Associated prr,)

tBy the Associated PrrsD
|. s. First Army troops poured
across the Rhine today into a Sc
cure bridGchcad In virtually end-
less columns and famed out on the
east bank but headquarters main
tanned news blackout on the d..
rection OF the attack which mo.
mentarily might smash toward the
heart Of Germany.
German brOadcasts placed the
site OF the crossing at Remageu,
Il miles south OF Bonn and ~
miles southwest OF Berlin.
As other First Army divisions
and Third Army troops drew tight
the moose on perhaps 10000 Ger
mans In the Eifel trap. Canadian
troops In the north captured KAN
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
Flashes of
Late News

RENO-AP-Gloria Vanderbilt
hi Cicco slipped into Reno last
night and took a room at the River
side Hotel for the purpose OF estab-
fishing her residence. her attorney
announced. The attorney, Lester
u. Summerfeld. declined TO elabor-
ate and Mrs. hi Cicco would answ-
er no questions.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
Congress Today
cBy Associated Press)

- CBy Associated Press)
Senate
I'm recess until Monday.
Foreign Relations Committee
considers international aviation
agreements t10:3O a. m. EWT).
Banking Committee hears CIO
President Philip Murray on Price
Control extension Q0:30).
House
Debates legislation TO extend
Commodity Credit Corporation pro-
gram (meets at noonl.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
NAMED BY KELLY

Lansing Governor Kelly to-
day appointed Frank j. Ortman OF
Detroit to the judicial council OF
Michigan to succeed the late Oscar
{. Hull OF Detroit for a term OK
piring next Aug. IS.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
COMMANDING OFFICER

Holland-Chief Boatswain's Mate
Alton W. Berg has been named
commanding officer Of the Holland
Coast Guard station at Macatawa
Park. A veteran OF II years ser
vice. 10 OF which were at Grand
Marsis. Berg succeeds Chief Boast.
wain's mate Morris Rhea who was
transferred TO Munising
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
AUCTION CALENDAR

FRIDAY. MARCH 10 IL o'clock.
3la miles East OF Saline TO State
Street Road, then North "a mile
TO Textile 3D., then East v mile,
or miles South Of Ann Arbor
on State Street Rd. to Textile
then mile East. known as the
Hall farm. (SsIe Includes 36 head
Of esttle). Harold :. Kaiser. Pro-
prietor; Guy =. Thompson, Aue-
tioneer; Ben Simons, Clerk.
Adv. 315
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09

MEXICO CITY ms Equalila-
ton of living standards throughout
the Americas. with the United
states alternating the poverty Of
Joss fortunate nations. was promis
cd today tn departing delegates al
the conclusion of the l6-day inter
American conference The con-
ference was ended with an address
by Mexican Foreign Minister Eve-
quiel Padllla. president ~ the par
ley who accented the role 81 tho
IN tod states in establishing
world peace.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
U. s. WEATHER FORECAST

Lower Michigan: Clearing. with
little change in temperature to.
night. Fair. with mild tempera-
lures, Saturday.
Highest temperature yesterday.
80; lowest last night. "a.
Highest temperature one year
ago today, 81: lowest. IS.
Highest temperature this date
in last 10 years, 6S in 1878; low.
est in 1882.
The sun sets today at 7:3l p. m.
and rises Saturday at 1852 a. m.
The moon sets today at 2:21 p.
m. and rises Saturday at SAC a. m.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
To Use Own Coal

v SoC S"h wei
Lansing, Mar. 9--AP-The House
Thursday passed and sent to the
governor for signature bill re-
curing use OF Michigan-mined coal
in state public buildings, II it can
be used satisfactorily and the cost
would be not more than 10 per
cent greater than for coal mined
elsewhere.
The House passed and sent to
the Senate a bill allowing appeal
to circuit courts in cases in which
probate court unduly delays the
handing down OF a decision.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-03-09
State Denies Surplus; May
Extend Terms of Officials

pass the proposals, the Republicans
picked UP sufficient Democratic
Yvtes TO pass the first Two, but
sweryed off quickly when they
noted whispers and grins among
the minority. They set the vote on
term extension for state officials
for Tuesday.