davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-09-21

section, which is being controlled by the
Russians, the Red Army has such force
that it need not fear serious outbursts.
Gen. Macarthur is said to have en-
phasiZed the fact that the reduction
of the army of occupation in Japan
proper will not take place until he has
completed all the measures he has
been instructed to apply. Considering
the present pace Of the operation, he
has ample reason to believe that the
first and most important phase of the
occupation the total reduction OF
Japan's military potential will be
accomplished by the end Of this year.
The other terms of the surrender and
the methods which the policy trainers
in Washington may wish to apply to
effect a complete social and economic
overturn in Japan can be enforced by
no more than 100000 soldiers, Gen.
Macarthur believes. Once Japan has
been totally disarmed its people will
have no means Of opposing any DIG
tates from its conquerors Two hundred
thousand well-equipped men can con-
troll, without trouble, 100000 Japa-
nese who will have only sticks or swords
as potential weapons.
This is obvious to all those who think
exclusively in military terms. But the
alarm which was shown by the State
Department at Gen. MacArthur's an
nouncement is attributed to the fact
that the reduction may have a serious
repercussion on the American armies in
Europe. The men in Europe are anx-
ious to come home, AND those who are
earmarked as requirements are most
reluctant to serve abroad. Their rela-
tives are pressing Congress to speed up
rehabilitation. There is growing
feeling in congressional quarters that
only enlisted men who are willing to
join the armed forces voluntarily should
be used in the occupation of Germany
in the near future.
This runs counter to the commit
ments this Government is reported to
have made to our Allies. According to
all available information, this Govern
ment is pledged to keep about 400 900
men to police 100000 Germans who
are about as cowed as the Japanese
Gen. MacArthur's announcement is GER
tain to raise the question of why SO
many American soldiers should be
needed in Germany when only halt
their number is considered sufficient In
Japan.
Evening star., 1945-09-21
DemObilizatiOn Pressure
By Maj. George Fieldinp EHoi

The heat is on. That's the answer
to most OF the uproar over demobiliza-
ton. The heat is being applied to
every individual member of the House
of Representatives by his constituents,
by the folks whose votes WILL only a
little over year from now, deter
mine whether he will be reelected.
The same thing applies to Senators,
except that only a third of them will
face the voters next November, the
heat for the others is not quite so great.
But the heat is definitely on-there is,
on a percentage basis, no other subject
worth mentioning in the congressional
mailbags.
The American people want their boys
to come home. The fact that some
have come home already only makes
the pressure more insistent to get the
others back. 1t is just not possible to
explain to Mr.. and Mrs Smith why it
should be that their Johnny is still on
Okinawa or in Wiesbaden when Tommy
Brown, across the street, has been home
for three months.
You can give them figures about
armies of occupation, strategic reserves,
training and service establishments, but
them-nothing at all compared to the
compelling need to have their boy back
again. And the same thing applies to
wives and sweethearts.
The result of all this pressure, which
is being applied in just about equal
measure to every member Of Congress,
Is perfectly understandable. Congress
members are doing everything they can
to speed rehabilitation, and they are
introducing all sorts of bills calculated
to produce that result, bills which, when
described in election speeches a year
from November, will sound very we'll
indeed in the ears of constituents who
still remember the agony of the long
wait for Johnny to come marching
home.
AS matter of fact, the Army is do
ing as we'll as could be expected; better
than would have been believed possible
by those who, few months ago, saw the
possibility Of a sudden Japanese collapse
and speculated on how quickly the re-
deployment plan could be converted into
demobnization plan. Gen. George o.
| Marshall, the Chief Of Stan, cleared the
Evening star., 1945-09-21
To Lift the Foo

Speaking at his Eighth Army
headquarters in Tokyo a week ago
today, General Eichelberger declared
that within a years time we might
be able to withdraw our forces from
Japan and write finis to the occupa-
ton.
Earlier, in speeches and interviews
given on his return to this country
General Wainwright. the hero of
Bataan and Corregidor, had strongly
suggested that the United States
would be wise to maintain a pro-
tracted occupation.
Next, on Monday Of this week, i'm
plicitly but not directly supporting
General Eichelberger's statement,
General Macarthur said that within
the next six months our occupa-
tional forces probably would number
no more than 100000 men.
And now. after leading the spec
tacular flight of three B-29s from
Hokkaido to Washington. General
Giles, deputy chief OF the United
States Strategic Air Forces in the
Pacific, tells us that he really means
it when he says that we should
maintain an occupational air force
in Japan for the next 100 years.
The American people must be ex-
cused If they find all this little bit
befuddling. The generals do not
seem to agree, but as Acting Secre-
tary of State Acheson has declared,
they and the military power they
command are merely the "instru-
ments" and not the "determinants"
of the Governments policy on ia
pan, and so apparently it makes no
difference whether one of them says
one thing and another another.
Nevertheless their differing state
ments obviously tend to confound
the confusion which has been swirl
ing around the japanese question.
The President and Mr.. Acheson have
clarified the situation to the extent
OF explaining that MacArthur's fig
ures have nothing to do with the
current rate of rehabilitation and
that the role Of the military is simply
to implement policy. The policy it
self, however, remains unclear, so
that when the generals talk as they
do, one seeming to contradict the
other, public opinion finds itself in
an ever-thickening fog.
It seems high time, in the circum-
stances, that the policy making
branch of the Government say
something much more definite than
1t has said so far regarding our Jap
anese program. 1t may be too early,
OF course, to define that program in
detail, but still-by way either of
the White House or the State De-
partment-it ought to be possible to
give the American people better
idea Of how things stand.
Evening star., 1945-09-21

what is going to happen and what
should be done, when the fact is that
what they are quarreling about is
something in the unknown future.
''' So say the country must face
the imperative need ''' to increase
its standard of living 40 or so per
cent. But you ask me as economic
stabilization director just how to do
it. II I knew that wouldn't be eco
1omic stabilization director. In fact,
that is not my approach to life. I
don't think anybody knows how to
run the future except experimentally
and making your mistakes and cor
recting them as you go along. The
chief thing is to have the deter
mination and the courage, and, as
I said. the humility, to try it and
learn from experience"
Evening star., 1945-09-21
Shining Compass

Somehow, that morning he looked small
to me
Going 1Dith his pre-primer eagerly
To his first day OF school. 1t seemed
that he
Was gone before fully ,pas aware.
The hours ,Dere uotd OF sldmn,ing doors,
pair
OF noisy feet, loud laughter, tousled
hair.
] listened long for him, still / knew ,peu
'T,oould be an hour before dismissal
bell.
Though ne came running, yet my eyes
could tell
He had not missed me In the selt-sums
tDdy
He had been missed, that In his small
heart lay
A shining compass he had found that
day. ROSE MYRA PHILIPS.
Evening star., 1945-09-21
Full Speed in Reverse

General Marshall has made many
trips to Capitol Hill in the course of
the war. On many of them he en-
countered opposition and skepticism
as to the necessity of what he advo-
Gated. But it is to be doubted that
he ever faced a more potentially
hostile audience than on yesterday
when he talked with members of
Congress assembled in the audito-
rum of the Library of Congress.
For the members of Congress have
been under heavy barrage of mail
from home that some of them de-
scribe as unprecedented. The let
ters reflect belief, on the part of
many soldiers, that they are being
kept in the service unnecessarily
long and that Congress is the
court OF last resort against the
Vaccinations of the War Depart
ment. That belief has been fostered
by the plain and undeniable fact
that many soldiers have been as
signed to form of organized loafing
which made them all the more re-
sentful and impatient while await
ing rehabilitation.
How far General Marshall was
able to convince his audience YES
terday that the War Department is
doing the best it can remains to be
seen. AS always, he was impressive
in his COOL detached presentation of
his side of the case. But the desir-
able effect Of his appearance would
be not to lessen pressure on the War
Department for speedy demobiliza-
ton, but to call halt to that type
OF loose talk deliberately designed to
kindle public suspicion as to the
motives and good faith of the men
In charge Of the War Department
and commanding the Army.
For that type of criticism is as
dangerous as it is unfair. It makes
the War Departments task of effect
ing orderly and equitable demobili-
cation more difficult and it under
mines public confidence in men who
only yesterday were being praised
for their successful conclusion of
the most bitterly fought war in our
history. The facts presented by
General Marshall yesterday should
be sufficient evidence of the fact
that a war machine which a little
over five weeks ago was straining to
meet a November l deadline for a
full-scale invasion Of Japan is now
working up to full speed In reverse.
A mature consideration of the prob
lens involved in this process should
call halt to childish and emotional
abuse OF the War Department.
Evening star., 1945-09-21
Similar Attitudes
From the Parsons tKans) sun.

from the Parsons tKans.) sun.
The American Federation Of Labor
says 1t Will oppose any and all features
OF the Ball-Burton-Hatch labor bill,
recently introduced In Congress as an
answer to growing industrial labor dis
putes.
That is not surprising. The CIO feels
the same way about it, too The atti.
tude Is strikingly in line with attempts
made by f1nanciers a decade ago to re-
slst reforms in their practices, some Of
which were held responsible for the eco.
nomic disaster that befell the Nation in
the early 1905.
Evening star., 1945-09-21
LocuI Projects

From the Lawrence tKans) Journal-world.
Alert communities will lose no time in
taking up the consideration of local
projects that have been piling up, await
ing the wars end.
While weighty measures of reconver-
sion are considered in Washington, and
the opinions of all officials with any
degree OF authority are given expression,
1t was said long ago that the details of
reconversion and general readjustment
after the war will have To be worked out
On the community level.
Evening star., 1945-09-21
War Fund Cumpoion

No similar effort in the history
OF the Nations Capital has been
more important than the Commu-
nifty War Fund Campaign which
opens with victory mass meeting
at Constitution Hall this evening.
The objective is $4,970,00O-a rela-
lively small sum when judged in
relation to the work which it must
do. Fighting has stopped in both
Europe and the Orient. But peace
has not ended the demands upon
all the agencies of service which
the fund represents.
In Metropolitan Washington espe-
cially is it to be desired that the
War Fund drive should succeed
The Federal City differs from other
communities in that by It's very ma
ture it is expected to set standard
for the country at large. If the
heart-of America does not beat here,
1t does not beat anywhere. Within
the neighborhood of the Capital the
overall direction which finally
achieved victory over the Axis was
evolved. Here also has been de-
veloped and further will be de-
veloped the techniques and processes
whereby the triumph of the armed
forces will be justified. The en-
deavor which lies ahead is not sep
arate or detached from the labor
and sacrifice which preceded VI
day. On the contrary, it is an in
evitable continuation. The war must
be made worth winning.
And to that end the whole ma
tional community and most par
ticularly the metropolis Of Wash
tngton is called into action. Money
still is needed for help to friendly
populations in the devastated lands
overseas. 1t likewise is wanted for
the maintenance OF many war IRE
lated agencies with occupation and
transit troops, for hospitalized Army
and Navy personnel, for morale
sustaining enterprises of the United
Service Organizations and other
groups whose contributions are as
imperative now as they were before
hostilities terminated.
Meanwhile, on the home front the
Community Chests OF Washington
and adjacent counties have had
their budgets trimmed and trimmed
again until they provide merely for
continuation of activities in the face
OF new complications concerning
, returning veterans and their fami-
lies, reduced income and all the old
problems that war never eliminated
and sudden peace has intensified. !"
The entire picture of life Is
changing from hour to hour. Ne
cessity for mutual assistance, neigh
borliness and fellowship among all
classes and conditions of people be-
tween this autumn and that of 1946
will be very real. Through selfless
cooperation the war has been Won
BY the same collaboration men and
women are all the more determined
that poverty and disease and all
the other troubles which make life
hard must be resisted. Such is the
meaning of the War Fund Cam
paign. 1t is not a luxury, not an
experiment, not a mere gesture of
charity. The more it is studied,
the more it will be appreciated as
a fundamental social asset deserv-
ing of generous support. To give to
It is a privilege as we'll as a duty.
The campaign goal should be over
subscribed
Evening star., 1945-09-21
Down With Ouija Boards!

To the Editor Of The Star
1nclosed you will find clipping
taken from the Yank magazine, an
Army publication. I trust that YOU will
hno the same Interpretation that the
majority Of my friends have gathered.
In the event that there is a way that
you can have this article printed in a
majority OF the papers throughout the
United States with some offhanded
comment to those who are interested
In this sort of superstition, please do So
I am sure that it will have a trend To
ease the minds of those who play such
childish games and also give men the
peace of mind that Is so important when
so far from home.
WALLACE DIEFFENDERFER.
Marseille. France.
Editors Note-The clipping re-
ferred to reads as follows:
Dear Yank:
I have problem. A short time ago
my lster-in-law bought a ouiia board,
My wife asked it if I had gone out with
German girls 1t gave her the answer
yes. three girls. Now my wife believes
in 1t. I have wife and two children
OF whom I am very fond. I wouldn't
even consider stepping out on them.
For the past three weeks I have been
getting letters from my wife accusing
me OF this. Nothing I can say changes
her mind. Is there any way of STOP
ping this? I am afraid it will lead to a
divorce for me If there isn't something
done about 1t soon. Is there any way
to sue this organization which puts
them out, for what this ouija board has
done to my home?"
Germany. Pvt. 36th Div.
Everything in Matthew, "a
To the Editor of The Star:
The story of the Associated Press
dated September 49, declaring that Sect
Leader Says Worlds End, Due Friday,
May Be Delayed" is dramatic publicity,
but 1 fear the predictions will backfire.
Briefly, here are my reasons. based on
the Holy Scriptures, predictions in which
have their origin in heaven. God does
not contradict Himself:
l. The exact date of the end of the
world is not known in advance Proof:
But of that day and hour knoweth no
man, no, not the angels of heaven but
my Father only" Matthew, xxiv.36.
2. Because the exact date of the end
is not revealed, Christians should stand
in readiness for the event. Proof:
Watch therefore: for We know not what
hour your Lord doth come" Matthew,
Xxiv42.
g. May we know by the trends in the
present world conditions that the end
OF the world is near? Proof: And
Jesus answered and said unto them,
Take heed that no man deceive you.
For many shall come in my name, say
ing, I am Christ; and shall deceive
many. And We shall hear of wars and
rumours OF wars: see that ye be not
troubled: for all these things must come
to pass, but the end is not yet. >. =
And this gospel of the kingdom shall be
preached in all the world for witness
unto all nations; and then shall the end
come" Matthew, xxiv.4-6, IA.
The major signs of the end of the
world and of the coming of Jesus Christ
IN his second advent are all foretold in
Matthew, chapter XIV The whole chap
ter is worthy of the most detailed study.
C. A. RENTFRO.
Evening star., 1945-09-21

Nobody would have supposed that
an ordinary chocolate bar could be
a measuring stick for civilization,
but that's just about the way it
worked out when such simple things
had to be fought for.
Evening star., 1945-09-21

II horsepower and horse sense
could get together, there might be
fewer traffic accidents.
Evening star., 1945-09-21

Now that cigarettes are plentiful
again, isn't it strange how few people
seem to want more than their proper
share Of them?
Evening star., 1945-09-21

at home and abroad. How long it
can survive is question. But the
fall itself is certain and not far away.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-14
BYRNES GETS DSM
FROM PRESIDENT
CONTINUED from Page One)

White House rose garden under
overcast skies. 1t was witnessed
by Mrs. Byrnes, Gen. George c.
Marshall, chief Of staff, Gen. H
H. Arnold, commander Of Army
Air Forces, Adm. William D.
Leahy, the Presidents chief Of
staff, Undersecretary of Wa:
Robert P. Patterson, and Johr
W. Snyder, present War Mobiliza'
ton and Reconversion director.
Mr.. Truman said that Byrnes
author of the midnight curfew anc
other home front restrictions,
"did not hesitate to support I'm.
popular measures essential to the
successful prosecution of the war.
Faced with the problem Of aiding
the Chief Executive in girding ths
nation for a conflict of UMPIRE.
cedented proportions, he discharg.
ed duties of great responsibility
with outstanding success"
Byrnes said the neral was
more than enough reward for
my small contribution to the
prosecution Of the war;"
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-14
JURORS RECEIVE
THREATS ON LIFE
Continued from Page One)

gloves when photographers crowd
ed around him. At one point, he
interrupted Payen's address to pro-
test against the efforts of the cam
ermen to photograph him.
"They shouldn't try to inf1ict this
sort of torture on me-" he said,
and sat nervously drumming on bis
gold braided cap.
Payen recounted Petain's Ii fe
from the age of IA, recalled his
stand at Verdun in the last war
and his high place in the esteem Of
all frenchmen until he became
head of the Vichy government.
He defended Petain for signing
the armistice with Germany in.
stead of fighting the war to a ca
pitulation. Petain. he said, left
France with a fleet, a free zone
and an empire.
Addressing his remarks to resis.
lance members of the jury who
have shown hostility to the Marsh
al during the trial, Payen charged
that political hatred unfortunately
dominates everything in this coun-
try at this moment"
Payen praised Frenchmen W h o
left France to fight with Gen.
Charles De Gaulle.
Here with Petain and over there
with De Gaulle, people remained
enemies of the Germans.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-14
SOME JAP TROOPS
LAY DOWN ARMS
CONTINUED from Page One)

vicinity of Fengcheng, IS miles
South of the. Kan river port OF Nan
chang Saturday.
The Chinese advances were made
along both banks Of the Kan from
Tsingkiang, IS miles south OF Man.
chang, and Sinkan, 10 miles south.
1t was believed possible that rem
nants of an estimated co. 900 Japa-
nese troops pulling out from South
ern Kiangsi had reached Nanchang,
which was their objective.
Meanwhile, Central N W S
Agency dispatch said Chinese army
headquarters in Running 400 miles
Southwest of Chungking, had been
moved forward 40 miles to Liu'
chow in Kwangsi province and
branch established at Yungning
(Nanning) to facilitate the direc'
ton of military operations"
One hundred and fifty miles
northeast of Liuchow, Chinese vet
Grams were intensifying their threat
to the former American air base
city of Lingling following the cap
ture of Chuanhsien, SO miles south
west of the Human Province all
center.
An American communique said
the 10th Air Force, in series Of
operations since last Friday, had
hammered enemy troop concentra.
tons, warehouses and bridges, and
had gone to the aid of Chinese
fighters battling for possession Of
the former U. S. air base at Shaoy
ang Paoking), IS miles north Of
Lingling.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-14
DECAULLE COMING
LATE THIS MONTH
CONTINUED from Page One)

has not been called into any Of
the Big Three meetings where the
future Germany was planned. she
has, however, sat on the European
Advisory Commission during re.
cent months.
While no decisions on the future
Tcf Western Germany were an
nounced after the Potsdam Con-
ference, Frenchmen cannot help
believe that at least an under
standing on how to handle the rich
industrial and mineral ladened
Rhineland was reached.
French officials deny tn a
France wants to annex any Of the
Rhineland territory. But they have
made emphatic proposals for an
extremely long occupation of that
area and have looked favorably
upon suggestions for internation-
alization of such sections as the
Saar and the Ruhr Valley.
DeGaulle's visit follows another
period Of ups and downs in Ameri-
can-French relations.
The sharpest down. followed
the Yalta Conference when the
other big powers asked France to
ioin them as sponsors of the San
francisco conference. After two
weeks Of hesitation, France de-
clined.
Diplomats expected France to
become the leader Of the little ma
ton opposition at San Francisco.
hut that didn't develop. France
elected instead to play along With
the big powers, receiving as her
reward the guarantee Of a per-
raanent seat on the World Security
Council.
Another major down followed
Yalta. President Roosevelt was un-
able to 60 to Paris and asked
deGaulle to come to Algiers to
meet him. DeGaulle refused to
leave Paris.
The Truman-deGaulle meeting
Will be watched with greatest IN
terest to determine whether the
French General gets along with
the former Missouri haberda shcr
any better than he did with the
Hudson river country gentleman.
Roosevelt and deGauue never lost
any love for each other-a factor
that has plagued Franco-Americ An
relations ever since the Allied
Army invaded North Africa.