davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Omaha guide., 1945-10-06

and report to Congress each year the employment
situation for the ensuing year. It is aimed at slim
ulating private enterprise. Whether Congress au-
thOrizes public works and other public investment
to take up the slack between the number of persons
for whom private enterprise provides worke and the
number who want work is left to future legislation.
There is some danger that people may think pas
sage OF the Murray-Patman bill guarantees jobs for
all, and that nothing more will be done.
Most Capital insiders feel that the country faces
a stiff and continuing fight for years to make good
on full production and full employment. The Muir
ray-Patman bill was a start that may, and should,
lead to supplementary measures which should have
given it teeth.
There are pessimists here who believe that full
scale unemployment, depression, and possibly Soc
lal upheaval are fast approaching. But more are
optimistic though even they view the immediate
future with uncertainty.
Balancing up the conflicting views, it seems prob
able that reconversiOn will be rough, and unemploy-
ment severe for six months to a year, followed by
recovery. Depression scenes seevral years away.
Whether it comes at all depends on how fast Amer
leans think and act on the problems Of distributing
the fruits of the enormous production of which the
nation has proven itself capable.
Xxx
The end of meat rationing appears to be Just a.
round the corner, though fats and oils and sugar
will remain or ratiOning for some time. Some food
experts doubt the wisdom of lifting meat rationing
If Europe is to be sent the increased food supplies
which are necessary to maintain stability there.
The Omaha guide., 1945-10-06

Conventions are the hall marks of civilized liv-
ing. They are the traffic rules which man has a
dOpted for the better conduct of his life. Their OBJ
servance is the card proving his right to member
ship in a civilized society.
There is no law against pushing your neighbor a
side IN the street, but if you do so, you prove your
self a boor. There is no law against eating peas
with a knife-but if you do, you mark yourself i'll
bred and unused to the amenities Of civilized soc
iety. There is no law against discourtesy-but it
just isn't p~racticed by the kind Of people you want
to know.
Conventions are designed for the protection of
all. The common usages Of society are ingrained in
childreS from their earliest contacts with those a.
round them. We do not condemn a child for his
bad manners. but we do comment caustically upon
his home environment.
To those conventions with which we are all con
versant, should now be added a new one. A person
who condemns another not as an individual but be-
cause Of the group from which he comes, should be
considered as guilty of bad breeding as he who
transgresses any of the other more material conven-
tons. 1t just isn't American, and it just isn't done
by ladies and gentlemen. We should hold it as i'm
portant to be kind as to be courteous, to speak fair
ly as well as truthfully, to respect our neighbor's
beliefs as we respect his possessions.
We are now entering on one of the most trying
years of our material life. Let us resolve to con
duct ourselves as well-bred people during this try
J ing time. Let us be good American ladies and
gentlemen first and set a seal upon our lips. Argu-
ing as earnestly as we will, let us observe the can
ons of fair play and decent speech and not indulge
in generalized charges against anyone.
Observing at all times the conventions of society
let us prove to the world that the democratic form
! OF government with its freedom Of speech for all
people can still be not only the most civilized but
the best bred form Of government.
The Omaha guide., 1945-10-06
WASHINGTON r. Ed.

Washington, DC.-Havinge entered the Buck
Rogers Age with radar, jet propulsion and the atom
lc bomb, the Capital thinks a thoroughly impress
ed and somewhat frightened public will demand
that Congress establish the "ably stated, adequate
" financed, and properly equipped research and
development program call for by General III. H.
Arnold, chief Of the Army Air Forces.
Outcome OF any future war is seen to hinge on
science and military intelligence; the best prevent
tive of war is seen to be the building Of a topnotch
corps of scientists and the freeinterchange of facts
among all world peoples.
This new concept may defeat, or greatly modify,
the peacetime CONSUMPTION bill.
XXX
Others here point out, however, that the reign of
peace and prosperity made possible by the physical
scientists can be realized only by rapid advances in
the social sciences.
In our relations between man and man. thev say.
we are but little further advanced than the Greeks
and the Romans. Most of our progress has been
on the materialistic side. We haven't yet learned
to adjust our ways of living and doing business to
the machine, much less to atomic energy.
The proponents of research in the social sciences
OF economies, planning, social organization, govern
ment and distributin cite the following as Americ-
an failures:
CD The richest country in the world has been
unable to maintain steady employment.
~ A country with marvellous production cap
aclty has had to depend on depression to keep it's
economci machine balanced.
() Sapping the nations manpower through
unemployment is comparable to the blood-letting
that was accepted medical practice two centuries
ago.
() Public subsidies to keep the economy from
collasping have the same basic purpose as the bread
and circuses the Roman emperors used to keep the
pOpulace from revolt.
XXX
Most OF the major bills scheduled for immediate
Congressional attention are concerned with these
weaknesses. There is the M~urray-Patman full
employment bill, the Murray-W agner-Dingell pub
lie health measure, the unemployment compensa-
ton bill, one for federal education, and others.
The nation is burning the midnight oil over its
lesson on the distribution Of purchasing power. 1t
has received an "A'' grade on production. So far
it is flunking the course on distribution.
The Murray-Patman full employment bill is CON
ceded still to pass in some form. Skeptics claim it
assures employment only to economists and stats
tician. The bill provided that the President study
The Omaha guide., 1945-10-06

damaged and unfit for use. These are: / battle
ship, 2 heavy and 2 light carriers, and 2 cruisers.
We have sunk II battleships, z heavy carriers, 6
light carriers, 8 escort carriers, Al cruisers, 139 de-
stroyers and 118 submarines.
AS to the japanese merchant fleet, all that is
left of 100000 tons of shipping is less than 1,5C0-
600 tons, counting all very small ships and very
few suitable for long voyages"
There is no parallel in naval history for such ov-
erwhelming disaster.
This is one reason why Japan asked Russia to ne
gotiate pease last June-long before she knew any
thing about the atomic bomb.
By order Of President Truman, Lend-Lease came
The Omaha guide., 1945-10-06
CAN MACARTHUR BE WRONG?

MacArthur's announcement that 100000 men
would be sufficient to police Japan has stirred up a
hornets nest in Washington. The State Depart
ment states very sharply that the Department and
not the General will make the policy with respect
to Japan. But Mr.. Truman would not wish to Of
TEND the General, who probably knows more about
matters in Japan than all the wiseacres in the State
Department put together. But nobody wishes to
see a mere handful Of American soldiers in Japan
tall victim to widespread fanaticism on the part of
the Japanese one night, and wake up next morning
to find themselves dead
The Omaha guide., 1945-10-06

"Loaning money is a poor road
to international friendship" e.
Former Pres. Herbert Hoover.
The Omaha guide., 1945-10-06
WORLD ABROAD
DOS AND DON'TS:

New York, N. Y-The surrender talks at Gener-
al MacArthur's headquarters in Manila produced
many columns Of newspaper stories, but as yet
little hard news. One important piece of informa-
ton, however, was released.
On the basis of statements by the Jaanese surren-
der e1.voys, American estimates of damage done to
the japanese Fleet were more than confirmed. In
fact they were shown to have been too conservative.
In tn furious air-sea battles which have been
fought from Midway to to Japan's Inland Sea, our
naval and air forces have destroyed all but 55 of
Japan's $50 ~warships. Of the So surviving YES
sells. Is are destroyers, of which 4 are heavily dam
aged; p are submarines, of which 6 are German.
That leaves only z major warships, all heavily
The Omaha guide., 1945-10-06
THEY WERE THERE:

One of the best things ever to happen to Negroes
In this country was the hanpower shortage which
resulted in the inclusion Of a million and a half
Negroes in war plants. The rerord shows that all
kinds OF jobs were taken almost overnight by the
very men and women who up to that time had been
limited to the hardest and the dirtiest work in Am
erica. AT the peak Of wartime production, there
was hardly a skill at hhich Negroes were not en-
ployed. This is worth remembering, for in the
lean years race baiters will again charge that black
men cannot perform credltably IN competition with
white men. You've heard this already about the
armed forces, and you'll hear it again about indus
try; But they were there. on D-Day in Normandy,
and on D-Day in Detroit.
The Omaha guide., 1945-10-06

back to China), Nh. Bevins is mot1vated by the real
ization that. until the American attitude is clear,
Britain cannot afford to give up an ounce Of econo-
mic strength anywhere in the world.
One Of the great questionmarks overhangmg the
whole world now is:
"How is the United States going to use its enor-
nous economic power? To build up world trade
and thus insure it's own rosperity? Or to try to
enforce it's particular form Of free capitalism upon
other peoples and thus e~ndanger not only it's own
and the worlds prosperity but the maintenance of
world peace?"
The Omaha guide., 1945-10-06
FRENCH APOLOGY.

How do the Chinese feel when the French saw:
"Our shipping is a bit Under par at present, SO we
cannot take complete possession Of Indo-China at
this time, but you look after our interests until we
get there" Of course the Chinese answer politely.
but a good guess is that they don't feel too good ov-
er this situation. And it's worth noting that an
other war is In the making every time N western
power insists on holding colonies in the Pacific.
when the people concerned resent such colonializ-
alton. World War LII won't mean much either here
or abroad until some Of the noble ideals become act
ualties.
The Omaha guide., 1945-10-06
SELMA r r

"A few days ago President Truman unveiled a
plaque Of the late President Roosevelt in the office
OF the Recorder OF Deeds in Washington. The art
list who had been given the commission for the Ma
que as the result of stiff competitive tryouts was
Selma Burke, a young Negro sculptor from Wins
ton-Salem, North Carolina. Time Magazine COM
ments on the going torwardness'' Of Nh. Roose-
veltvelt as shown by the Burke plaque. AS far as
Negroes and other poor people are concerned, Mr..
Roosevelt had more "going forwardness'' than any
other man who has ever been in the White House.
The Omaha guide., 1945-10-06
OVERTONES
(RX AL.
SURPLUS
AL HENINGBUR

Now is the time for community-minded citizens
to make plans for the wise use Of surplus properties
Education and health aids are available for a wide
range Of uses. Scientific and technical equipment
is available for trade schools. AL these items are
free to organizations which ran show need, and can
provide housing for them. Keep your eyes open
for announcements affecting your city.
The Omaha guide., 1945-10-06
SHOES T PLEASE:

While japanese propaganda has been trying to
show that American soldiers in Japan are intent on
raping and lootiny, the press here at home tries to
prove that our boys over there are acting like gentle
men. Of course we have the advantage in this ex-
change, for we can put any japanese paper out Of
business if Macarthur thinks such a measure nee
essary. Our guess is that neither side is completely
right. If all the Americans abroad act like gentle
men, they have certainly changed since they left
home. But they do seem quite adept in taking off
their sshoes, for that is an absolute must before en-
tering one Of the famed Geisha houses. where a
poor CT Joe can have a very good time at thirteen
dollars per hour.
The Omaha guide., 1945-10-06
THE AGE OF STRIKES:

The thousands of men now Ont on strike will I'M
doubtedly increase in number during the next few
weeks. Some business interests are determined to
break the power Of organized labor, and too many
labor people are prepared to fight among themselv-
es. Watch Detroit on this prediction.
The Omaha guide., 1945-10-06

QUOTES
OF THE WEEK

@Be good and be game, Harry"
- Mrs. Martha Truman, 90, to
her son, the President
Ct was never so scared in my
life" Admiral Halsey, after
riding gray mot white) horse
IN Tokyo.
Labor doesn't do business in
the old-fashioned way any more"
-Secy.-Treas. Geo. Adde's,
UAW-CIO, in re 500 wage
boost demand.
eff industry and agriculture
will recognize their natural inter-
dependence, any strife between
them will end."-Gov. Chauncey
Sparks, of Alabama.
Americas standard of living
today results from benefits of
chronological advances passed on
to consumers in lower prices."-
Walter B. Weisenburger, e1ec.
vice-pres., Natl. Assn. of Manu-
| fGcturers.
"Loaning money is a poor road
to international friendship" 49,
Eoo.aao1 Droo Ho1bo1f Hoo1,or
The Omaha guide., 1945-10-06

@Be good and be game, Harry"
Mrs. Martha Truman, 80. to
her SON, the President
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-01-23
Inconsistent

Usually when public officials make speeches in which politics is the moving force, rather than the higher responsi- bilities of office, the fact is easily discern ible. Such was the case when the Attor- ney General of the United States and his assistant condemned the railroads with the charge that the South and West remain undeveloped largely because of a discriminatory and excess freight rate structure which has been imposed upon them by the railroads"
 On the heels of this statement, one of these same officials, in a speech empha- sizing the desirability of establishing more manufacturing industries in the West, referred to the fact that wool from Oregon is shipped in the raw to Boston for cleaning, processing and weaving into woolen cloth; thence to Rochester, New York, for manufacture into suits and clothing; thence back to the Pacific Coast in the form of finished merchandise for sale to the wearer. He also mentioned the movement of copper from the North west to New England for manufacture into wire and other finished products, which again move back across the con- tinent for sale to the ultimate user in the West.
 A railroad spokesman who heard the latter speech, commented: I could not help wondering how such transportation across the continent and back, distance of some 5000 miles, would be possible under excessively high or discriminatory freight rates :. Certainly his picture of wool and copper travelling thousands of miles in the process from production to ultimate consumption is inconsistent with his charge that freight rates are hamper ing transportation to and from the Vest" The States of California and Washington alone ship 100000 carloads of perishable fruit annually to Eastern markets in competition with Florida and other near by fruit producing areas. Does this sound like transportation costs from the West are oppressive or discriminatory? The principal difference between politics and the truth is that truth is consistent.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-01-23

tot he deefnse of the State De- partment at this point and ex- plained how he, as Ambassador to Toyko, had urged the President not to cut off these materials from Japan, for fear of war. =. Ickes, however. stuck to his point that it was an unWiSe policy to appease dictator nations, and he was especially vigorous regard ing Spain.
 "Where did you stand on the question of lifting the embargo of arms to Spain, MT. Dunn?" Ickes asked his new Assistant Secretary James C. Dunn?" IckeS of course, knew where Dunn had stood. Dunn gave no answer, stared straight ahead.
 Finally Ickes, still using dulcet tones, promised full cooperation with the State Department, and half -jokingly, continued:
 But our major gripe is that we can never get you on the telephone. We call you time and again. And although your sec retaries promise you'll cal lback, you never do. Then we write you letters, but that doesn't do any good either"
 Stettinius promised he would put in a new system on answer ing mail and nthanked Ickes for his criticism. The ne WState De- partment team sat and listened. With the exception of Joe Grew, they said nothing in reply.
 NOTE: Stettinius has sent an inter-department memo to all State Department employees in structing them to be more friend- y and human in answering letters; to avoid the aloof stilted formality of old-time diplomacy.
 Copyright, 1945, by
 The Bell Syndicate, Incl
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-01-23
Views Of The Press

portunities for leadership in help ing to train boys in good citizenship and in combating war-aggravatcd juvenile delinquency. Five thousand campaigners will be enlisted in the 1945 campaign, each of whom will be pledged to enlist at least ten contributions. Value of the Boy Scouts movement as a beneficial force in the national life is too firmly established by now to need repetition. But the thousands of lads who are eager members attest it's daily value. As the Greater New York "Scouter' observes: Building boys is better than mending men" Greater New York Councils are to be found in all five boroughs. Gen. eral headquarters are at 120 West Forty-second Street, New York Q8), New York. We bespeak hearty CO., operation in the task of raising the $750,000 needed for 1945 and have no doubt subscribers to the fund will find that their money has been well bestowed.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-01-23
Plans for a Streamlined Congress

Any conscientious voter should find Robert Heller'S new pamphlet, strength
 ening the Congress" interesting reading. MT. Heller, business management con- sultant, has approached the subject of a proposed streamlining of Congress with businesslike efficiency And his findings might provide the average citizen with some surprises. This average citizens Judgment of Congress is often hazy con- coction of passwords and misunderStand- ing. But the Heller survey, commits stoned and published by the National Planning Association, is calculated to give the reader a new respect for the size of his senator's and representatives job, and cause some amazement that they perform it as well as they do under existing circumstances. MT. Heller sug- geStS that many congressional shortcom- fngS arise from the fact that Congress Sis operating with hand tools in mechanical age" And he would scrap many of these hand tools as outmoded, inefficient and occasionally harmful.
 He recommends, among other things, abolition of too-numerouS, overlapping, time-consuming committees, of the seniority rule for appointing committee chairmen, of the filibuster, and the prac- tice of tacking controversial and un- related riders on the important bills that the President is almost forced to sign. And he would match these and other additions with some sensible recommendations. Many of them ln- volve the expenditures of money. MT. Heller would give individual congressman enough money to hire really frst-rate as- Sistants. He would allow committees funds for competent specialists, advisors and researchers, thus freeing them from their present necessity of depending on executive department "eXpertS" who not infrequently have a departmental aX to grind And Mr. Heller favors higher sal aries for congressmen-$25,O 900 year III place of the present $10 0000-and gen. erous pension. It is well that an out sider proposes this, for whenever con- gressinan makes the same proposal the public immediately attacks him as leech upon the cody polite.
 Of the 1O-plus billions spent to run the government in fiscal 1914 (excluding military expenditures and debt retire ment and interest) Congress share was less than one-seventh of per cent. Surely the constitutional equal of the executive branch merits larger expense account, especially when more money glVeS good promise of better government. And the cost of being congressman. is high. He must maintain Washington living quar- ters in keeping with the dignity of his office and residence in his home town as well. He has considerable travel and election expenses. Yet he makes less than many ball players, crooners and junior executives. So we think MT. Heller has a point. Congress is important enough that it should attract the best men, and promise enough money and help to do their job well, even though the pay hike may be postponed till after the war.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-01-23
AS A MATTER OF FACT

New England history was given good buildup by the late George Dudley Sey- mour, noted authority on Nathan Hale. MT. Seymour passed away Sunday in New Haven. His works on the revolutionary period were outstanding. He was native Connecticut son and such was his inter" est in Nathan Hale that he purchased the famous patriots birthplace in South Coventry as permanent memorial. He also was the originator of the idea of issuing Nathan Hale postage stamp It eventually appeared in 1925, one-half cent stamp.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-01-23
could have spent winning the

could have spent winning the
 war"
 Some of his Cabinet colleagues have observed privately if Stet- tinius spent as much time on im- proving U. s. foreign policy in Greece, tIaly, Belgium etc, as he did trying to improve his press relations would take care of themselves.
 However, you have to give Stet- tinius credit for being willing to listen to criticism. Most unique of all sessions was that with his crusty, hard- hitting Cabinet colleague, Secretary of the Interior Ickes. Accompanied by his assistant secretaries, ICkes lunched with Stettinius and his team, after which Stettinius said his new department would ap- preciate any suggestions, ideas and criticism, and he hoped MT. Ickes would give them the beni- fit of his views.
 ICKES TALKED TURKEY
 
 Thereupon, Ickes very frankly but without any rancor or table pounding, talked for about Is minutes on hsi differences with the State Department.
 He told how he had opposed single -hanuded, the sale of helium gas to Germany for her zep- pelins, and he politely recalled what Germany could have done with that helium had he given in to the State Departments de- mand that the helium be sold.
 He told how he opposed the shipment of arms to Germany during the months and years be- fore Munich, and how he had done his best, despite the State De- partment, to buck the shipment of oil and scrap iron to Japan.
 New Undersecretary Grew came