davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-09

The British Reuters news agency
reported from London that the first
junction of the Canadians and
Americans some six miles north of
Geldern was made by Negro
manned tanks. Captain Robert
Gropolde of Los Angeles was at the
head of the column.
From Edward B. Toles, Defender
war correspondent now with the 9th
army in Germany, it was learned
that two Negro units, the 761st
Tank Battalion and 784th Tank
Destroyer Battalion are now OPP
Grating with General William Simp-
sons army now battling for Rhine
bridgehead.
In Line Three Months
One of these, probably the 761st,
led the attack which sealed the
fate of two Nazi outfits, the list
Paratroop and the 18th Army, when
they were cut off between the Mas
and Rhine rivers.
The 761st has now been in the
line for three months.
From Sevelen, Germany, came a
dispatch telling of the heroism of
the 7S4th tank destroyer battalion,
which staged a miniature Bas-
togne" when a bridge was blown
up behind them.
The Negro tank drivers mauled
Nazi parachute units in savage
street fighting although cut off for
10 hours.
The 784th was fighting its first
offensive action besides the 18th
infantry division. The battalion
won a place in the hearts of the
white soldiers of the battle-hard-
ened 35th who had fought from st.
Lo to Venlo.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-09
YWCA Business
Girls Meet at '"Y"
on March Il

A choric reading by girls from
Phyllis Wheatley House and songs
by the Zion Gospel choir will be on
the program presented by the Y.
W. C. A. Business Girls club to be
held Wednesday, March IA, at the
"Y." Dinner will be served at 6:15.
Captain Masayuki Matsunaga of
Fort Smelling will be the speaker
at this meeting, in observance of
the 18th anniversary of the National
Y. W. C. AS Worldwide Observ-
ance in which 10000 business girls
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-09
Walter White COnfers with Gen.
Macarthur

Walter White COnfers with Gen.
Macarthur
New York, N. Y.-A conference
with General Douglas Macarthur
was scheduled to be held March 2
by Walter White, NAACP Secre-
tary, now in the Pacific as war cor
respondent for the New York Post.
White cabled his office from Leyte,
P.I., he is observing the treatment
of Negro soldiers in the Pacific and
comforting with high army and
navy officials on their role in World
War II. He. has already visited
Hawaii, Johnston, Kwagalein,
Guam, Saipan, the Philippines and
Dutch Guinea.
A book just published by Double
day Doran, A Rising Wind, gives
the first complete account of Mr..
Whites trip overseas and his OBJ
servations of the Negro CPS plight
in the European theatre of opera
lions in 1914.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-09
1915.

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Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-09

husband,
arch 81,
and. his
lie that
e; tears
; though
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rid Of
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Montana labor news., 1945-03-29

suited in increasing dependence on air
evacuation. The last six months have
been a striking example Of the value Of
complete air superiority. Our unarmed
supply transports shuttle all over north
ern Burma carrying achievements, ra-
tons and ammunition, and returning
with casualties and sick. In time, it was
found to be both economical and eff
Gent to rely on air evacuation. The
tendency to locate hospitals with refer
ence to major air fields resulted in an
apparent heavy concentration Of hospital
beds towards the rear, two or three
hundred miles from the fighting front.
This meant, however, better built and
better supplied hospitals. For the pa
tents, it meant we'll organized and high
ly specialized treatment within a mini
mum of time after being wounded.
Liaison planes fly casualties back from
isolated spots or from u~ndeveloed strips.
They are picked up at major fields by
air a%mbulances or empty transports and
distributed to the hospitals. This sys-
tenn at one period repeatedly was hand
ling one of the heaviest %turnovers of air
evacuation of any American theater. It
has certainly resulted in an %incalculable
saving in man-hours of ambulance trans
portation which is favorably reflected in
casualty mortality and morbidity sta
~tistics.
In spite Of the potential health haz-
ards natural to the country, and the
physical difficulties in getting the right
team on the right spot in time, progress
is always forward. The road troops re-
ceive the highest grade Of medical care,
and Chinese and American fighting men
in this sector are getting surgical atten-
ton equal to any that can be provided
throughout the world.
With the capture of Bhamo on De-
Montana labor news., 1945-03-29

The vital urgency of the job was fel
by all who worked day and night under
protection of sentries, throughout the
monsoon when floods exceeded the pro-
lection Of gum boots, and with malaria
causing havoc among personnel. The
work progressed amidst wild animals and
snakes, many Of which were killed, while
leeches, unwelcome but tenacious COM
panions, not to mention other "craw-
lers' Of the jungle, were a pest. The
tenth USAAF rendered valuable aid,
dropping rations, medical necessities and
mail to inaccessible parties.
Three quarters Of a million section
pipes, each of 20 feet length, were
brought from America. American labor
employed received special training for
three months in the States. This labor
was supplemented in the first stage by
over 1000 coolies, supplied from tea gar
den labor and latterly by the Indian
Pioneer Corps, 1000 of whom were en-
plOyed at one stage.
1t is impossible to describe the day
to-day difficulties which had to be con-
tended with mainly in the matter of
transport, in building the line. The pipe
has been laid at an altitude Of over
1000 feet and will cross ranges of $500
feet in China. It has been suspended
over rivers and laid under rivers. At
some stages of the construction obstacles
appeared insuperable but were overcome,
one by one. Every problem faced shar-
pened resources of solution.
When the full story is told and the
stage-to-stage time table given, this
construction will rank as one of the
speediest engineering tasks known.
The engineers feel that the worst part
of their job is yet to come when the line
will have to be taken over high noun
tains in China. But these sturdy, deter
mined men of skill, who have overcome
heart1breaking setbacks and vile wealth
er, will see it through and enable pre-
cious fuel to be pumped to China in the
common cause-to lick the Japanese as
quickly and completely as possible.
Medical Service
Since neither construction nor combat
can proceed without a~blebodied men, the
function of the medical department is to
conserve manpower. This program has
developed along several essential and
~interlocking lines Of attack. These
phases may be roughly grouped as:
preservation Of health by sanitary mea-
sures and malaria control meticulous
medical care to troops within their own
units, disqualification for mor serious
conditions which require specialized at
tention, and the handling Of battle casu-
alties, both American and Chinese. The
Indignation of all these activities is no
project. The terrain, the tOrren-
tial rains, the limited facilities, the diff
ficult communications, and the shortage
Of personnel have been overcome by flex
ingenuity and persistence.
Montana labor news., 1945-03-29

This is the most highly malariOus area
in the world; d~ysentery is ever present
in the native population; heat and
humidity Of the long monsoon sap ener-
gy and decrease efficiency; leeches pene-
tratte leggins and sock to produce tropi-
cal ulcers-but all these have been com
batted by unflagging attention to con-
troll measures and the scientific appli-
cation Of sanitary discipline.
Initial medical care for the troops has
presented problems which, during the
past year, have resulted in shifting the
emphasis from the unit surgeon as an
implement Of the organization to which
he is assigned. OF necessity he has be-
come increasingly the neighborhood doc
tor, wherever he may be-. A new and
informal administrative system has been
developed to assist each medical officer
along the road to provide i~ntegrated
medical care, and sanitary supervision
for the troops in his immediate zone,
regardless of TO whom they may belong.
This system is reinforced by a chain of
tmprovised di%spensaries.
In the fifteen month period since ac-
tive fighting began thousands of battle
casualties have been treated in USAAF
hospitals. Many cases were handled
under extremely difficult circumstances
OF housing, equipment, and t~ransporta-
ton. Modern methods of treatment and
the latest drugs (such as penicillin, plas-
ma and the sulfanomides) have been
used side by side with crude bamboo
emergency splints, a homemade blood
bank organization, and the use of rain
water as i%ntravenous fluid. The results
have been most gratifying.
The difficulty of handling the wound
ed in jungle country, particularly in the
summer months when ground communi-
is drastically curtailed has re-
Montana labor news., 1945-03-29

Of tons Of needed materiel over the Road
to China and our pipeline from Calcutta
the longest in the world-win be feed
ing the hungry tanks Of the planes Of
the l4th Air Force. The completion OF
the Roard and the Pipeline Will mar
an achievement that America can be
proud of because the boys who built
them and the girls-the nurses who
looked after them-did their Jobs under
the most trying and difficult conditions
anywhere in the world.
Montana labor news., 1945-03-29

oember 16, 1914 and of Wanting, in
China. by the @. E. F., the last two com
bat obstacles to completing the road
were overcome. The Chinese First and
Sixth Armies-American trained-under
Generals sun and Lao had done their
job well and o the road can be rushed
through to completion. Trucks, which
we have had to ferry over the Hump r
now travelling over the Ledo-Burma
Road clear to Running and, before
Spring, we will be shipping in thousands
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-12-20
Points Up Lack of Modern U. S. Roadways

the 1888 600 miles Of primary rural highways
States traffic Charles
ut surprise that in 943 89 miles of with
three lanes he said
Americas mileage twolane highways
limited realize and of this not high
Nebraska New York and Texashve in of 1000 miles eac
mileage, SO miles of
Nebraska New York SGT Texas 6
Referring Public administration reports for 94 Upham
5191 miles fouane highways 6 miles of fveane
highways POI miles of slane highways primary rural high
the fourne thooughfaes
only o5 cent of the total mileage In arriving at this percentage
tensions of the primary rural highways This inclusion would naturally
still Mr. Upham pointed out his observation
inadequate instances
accidents Uphan called for the condea
fourlane construction the future
multiple highways had surfaces Upham
They btrinous
btinous concrete sheet asphalt
brick block and duaIype which combines two
types Of paving.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-12-20
FARM PROBLEMS:
CED Solutions

Broader vocational training, Spe-
cial types of rural employment
services and an accelerated shift
of manufa curing into country areas
would materially assist in the in
creased use of surplus farm labor
in industry and help solve one of
the primary problems of agricul-
ture, the Committee for Economic
Development declared in a state
ment released by Chester Davis,
CED vice chairman and presi-
dent of the Federal Reserve Bank Of
st. Louis.
With agriculture destined to look
more and more to the cooperative
effort Of government for assistance
in resolving problems arising from
heavy mechanical production and
pressure on commodity prices, the
CED foresaw a need for three types
of federal payments within the near
future: ID to enable farmers in de-
pressed regions like the cotton belt
to shift to other crops or occupa-
tons; (2) to compensate operators
for the effect Of severe industrial
depressions, and 90 to permit reali-
cation of the government pledge to
support farm prices for two years
after the war.
In reference to long-range price
policy, CED asked for re-examina-
ton Of the whole cost system, be-
ginning with redefnition of parity
in relation to existing conditions.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-12-20
-Weekly News
Resume Wage Talks After Truman Bid for AntSike Legislation
ter Short was prepared to meet

ter Short was prepared to meet a
surprise attack on quick notice.
Rejecting general military opin-
ion, however, Marshall testified that
he did not expect Japanese at
tack on the big base, even though
both the army and navy were aware
that enemy spies there we're for
warding information on fleet move
ments in Pearl Harbor to Tokyo.
A conservative japanese thrust
southwark to Thailand and Malaga
was anticipated, Marshall related.
Acknowledging receipt Of Shorts
reply to Marshall warning Of pos
sible hostilities sent on November
q, the ex-chief of staff said special
attention was not called to the fact
that the Hawaiian commander had
only reported alerting his forces
against sabotage without mention
ing other preparations.
Regarding U. S., British, Dutch
and Canadian pre-Pearl Harbor
discussions, Marshall said their
purpose primarily concerned the de-
feat of Germany rather than japan.
In a message to President Roose-
welt sometime in the summer Of
1941, the former chief of staff opined
that the Allies could not defeat the
Nazis with supplies alone, but large
ground forces would be required.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-12-20
u. S. DIPLOMACY:
CHARGES DOuble-DeuIing

In one Of the most boisterous con-
gressional hearings Of recent years,
willy, silver-haired Maj. Gen. Pat
rick Hurley ripped into the state
department career men for their al
legged interference with his efforts to
unity China and establish it as a
base for far eastern political stabil-
ity.
Alternately calm and heated, Hur-
ley, recently resigned as ambassa-
dor to Chungking, told the SEN
ate foreign relations committee that
during his discussions with Chinese
communists he concluded that GER
tain state department officials had
convinced the Reds that his policy
for unifying the country under
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-12-20
TROOP TRANSPORT:
More for Japan

Thirty-two American troop trans
ports with a combined capacity of
SO. 900 men have been ordered trans
ferred from the Atlantic to the
Pacific and will move through the
Panama canal by the end Of De-
cember on their way to Japan or
the Philippines, the war department
announced.
Seventeen of the vessels are fast
troopships, including the West Point
49, formerly the America - largest
u, S. passenger liner afoat. The
other Is are converted Victory
ships, each with a rated capacity Of
1900 men but capable Of carrying
1850 with partial double-bunking.
Transfer of troopships from At
lantic to Pacific service as with
drawals Of troops from Europe and
the Mediterranean neared compile
ton had been planned long ago by
the army transportation corps,
which is responsible for return of
all soldiers from the theaters. It had
been estimated that the transfer
would add $4,000 spaces to the
Pacific lift in January. However,
because the army has been able to
return it's troops from Europe fast
err than originally planned, $4,000
additional spaces-or total Of 49,
0O0-will be added next month to
the Pacific lift.
The fastest of the troopships will
reach Japan in % days, or the Phil
ippines in rs days. The slowest ships
are expected to arrive in Japan in
80 days.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-12-20
JAPAN:
Continue Roundup

Striking with characteristic sud-
denness, Gen. Douglas Macarthur
rounded up prominent Jap royalists
and industrialists as war crime sus-
poets as if in answer to communist
demands for sweeping arrests.
Before Nipponese Reds could
raise a clatter over the roundup Of
Jap leaders. Macarthur had called
for the arrest of three of Hirohito's
close imperial collaborators: Prince
Fuminaro Konoye, three-time pre-
mier who gave way to TOTO after
failure to come to terms with the
U. S.; Marquis Koichi KIDD, keeper
of the privy seal and the emperor's
right-hand man, and Prince MORT
sama Nashimoto, war councillor.
Besides nabbing the royalists,
Macarthur also ordered the deten-
ton of some of Japan's leading in
dustrialists. including Kiyoshi Goko,
former president of the Mitsibushi
Heavy Industries company; Seihin
Ikeda. Mitsui financier and former
governor of the Bank of. Japan and
ChilSuhei Nakajina, founder Of
fighter aircraft production firm.
Released by Western Newspaper Vnjons
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-12-20
LABOR:
Truman, Scare

Because President Truman's pro-
posal for the creation Of fact-finding
machinery to speed settlement of
industrial strife was reported to
have thrown scare into both CAPT.
tai and labor, General Motors and
the CLOS United Automobile Work
ers agreed to a resumption of
negotiations over the unions de-
mands for 80 per cent wage In
crease.
At the same time, expert observ-
ers looked to settlement of wage
disputes involving two other major
CLIO organizations, the United Steel
Workers against U. S. Steel corpor-
alton and the Electrical Workers
against Westinghouse, General Elec-
trio and other corporations In this
industry.
Decision Of G. M. and JAW to
resume bargaining repeatedly fol-
lowed a secret meeting between
company and union officials in.
Pittsburgh, Pa, in which the danger
Of the Presidents proposal to free
negotiation was said to have been
discussed. Under Mr.. Truman's re-
quest for congressional authority to
set up fact-finding machinery, gov
eminent representatives would be
empowered to look into both COM
pany and union books to determine
validity of rival claims and strike
action would be withheld during the
investigations.
Advanced after failure Of the
labor management conference in
Washington, D. c., to establish me-
chanism for speedy settlement Of
industrial warfare, the Presidents
proposal drew quick fire from
union circles, the CLIO announcing
vigorous steps would be taken in
an effort to divert the requested
legislation.
In openly breaking with the Dem
ocratic administration on the pro-
posed measure, CIO Chieftain Philip
Murray declared the design Of such
legislation was to weaken and de-
stroy labor organization while ap-
peasing American industry which
has refused to bargain sincerely
over wage demands.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-12-20
Jap Chief Faces Death

First major axis parsonage to be
convicted OF war crimes, Japanese
General Tomoyuki Yamashita's life
depended on u. S. Supreme court
disposition of his appeal that the
military commission trying him
lacked authority, and finally upon
Gen. Douglas Macarthur if the high
american tribunal denied his peti.
tion. Though Yamashita Uas not
directly charged With committing
atrocities, he t0os accused of having
contenanced them. With typical
japanese humility in defeat, Yanaa.
shita thanked the U. S. for supplying
him ,vith brilliant and conscien.
tious" lawyers for his trial, and also
praised the fairness Of the hearings.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-12-20
COP:
Mop Platform

Making no bones about their
conservatism, Republican members
of congress drawing up campaign
platform for 1946 called for bal
ancing the budget, economy and re-
duction Of bureaucracy and repre-
sented themselves as the counter
weight to what they styled Demo-
cratic radicalism.
In rounding out their domestic
platform, the COP solons backed
collective bargaining with govern
ment provision for speeding settle
ment Of disputes, and also stood for
government support Of farm prices
in the readjustment period and agri-
cultures future fair share of the ma
tional income.
In foreign affairs, the Republicans
favored the United Nations organi-
cation, the right Of Individual ma
lions to se1f-government and extern
sion Of relief to the needy in war
torn lands abroad to prevent chaos
and misery. Advocating a well
trained armed force, the COP also
asked for scientific research to as
sure the most modern weapons.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-12-20
PEARL HARBOR:
Prepared: Marshall

Declaring that American military
forces in Hawaii were more ade-
quately equipped than at any other
installation in the army, Gen. George
c. Marshall. former U. S. chief of
staff, told the congressional commit
tee investigating the Pearl Harbor
disaster that he felt Maj. Gen. Wal
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-12-20

Now heading the list of 20 top
Nazis being tried for war crimes i'm
Nuremberg, Hermann G0ering
found diversion in PALMER days
playing with animals from his mini
AZURE zoo at Karin Hall estate.
Blandly assuming responsibility for
all of his official acts and continuing
to swear by national socialism,
Geering has been the most agrees
sive of the Hitlerian big-wigs at the
trial.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-12-20

EDITORS NOTE-When opinions
are expressed in these columns, they
are those of Western Newspaper Union
news analysts, and not necessarily of
this newspaper.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-12-20

Chang Kai-shek would be scrapped.
Instead, the officials were said to
have declared that the U. S. would
seek to stabilize Asia with a con-
trolled Japanese empire.
In hitting at the career men, Hur-
ley charged that they sided with i'm
periaist Great Britain, France and
the Netherlands for keeping the
orient divided to permit the con-
tinued exploitation of the people.
In alleging underhanded state
department workings, Hurley stated
that war plans drawn up for the Big
Three meet at Yalta and favoring
the distribution of Allied arms to
Chinese Reds If they were within
the area of proposed American land
ings, were communicated to the
communists. AS q result, the Reds
moved en- masse toward the pros
pective beaches in an effort to Sc
cure the arms ahead Of Chiang's
nationalists.
Mentioning George Atcheson Jr..
and John S. Service as two Of the
career men working against his
unifcation plan in Chungking, Hur-
ley said they returned to the U. S.
to be promoted as his superiors.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-12-20
BRITISH LOAN:
Trade Help

In what the British termed "a
magma carta for world trade" the
Truman administration replied to
their appeal for loan to permit
an orderly resumption of their for
eign commerce by agreeing to an
advance of "A billion dollars subject
to congressional approval.
Flatly turning down British pro-
posals for an outright grant on the
strength of arguments that their
early stand had prevented a Nazi
victory, the administration agreed to
spread the loan over a 50-year Pc
Rod at 2 per cent interest rate,
first payable in 1851.
AS a result of the loan, Britain
will be able to pay off wartime
debts by shipment Of finished
goods to creditor nations. while still
importing material to maintain an
adequate living standard. The two
countries also pledged to work for
reduction in tariffs and the elirnina-
ton Of quotas and other restrictions
on world tgadss