davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-01-27

the German bridgehead into two
pockets, which are now in process of
systematic reduction.
When these pockets have been elirni-
mated, the British will stand on the
Roer all the way from Roermond up
to Llnnlch, their right flank joining at
or near the latter town with the left
flank of the United States 9th Army.
Thus the Allies will hold the whole left
bank OF the Roer from its mouth at
Roermond southeastward to the vicin-
lty OF Duren, south of which town they
are across its upper course. This will
aHord Gen. Eisenhower an excellent
jump-off line for an offensive into the
Cologne Plain.
The Germans have fought hard to
mold back the British advance, but it
is obvious that so far they have put
no troops into the fight except the de-
1enslve formations originally assigned
to this front. There have been TO sub
stantlal reinforcements, and no count
erattacks of any considerable strength.
Ihls is another commentary On the
overall German lack of striking power.
4 4 X
whether the Germans now will de-
eide to use some of the armored and
other mobile formations withdrawn
from the Ardennes bulge in a some
what belated attempt to improve their
Roermond-Linnich front remains to be
seen.
They must make such 8 decision In
the face of the demands of the eastern
front, demands which must be reach
ing the frantic stage If one is to judge
from the tone of the German radio.
But the German high command must
look at "the big picture"
They must take note of the situation
IN Alsace, where the United states 7th
Army is not being reinforced, but is
at least up to the present moment
trading space for time. They must lake
note OF the situation in the Ardennes,
where the fianks OF their bulge have
been collapsed, and where the Allied
pressure continues to be steady but not
overwhelming in power. They must take
note OF the steady accumulation OF Al
He'd reinforcements and supplies COM
ing IN through Antwerp.
And they must realize that all this
means that Gen. Eisenhower is piling
up at last the concentrations Of striking
power which will enable him to UNDER
take . ful-scale offensive.
tcopyrisht. le45.,
Evening star., 1945-01-27
U-Bout Revival

The War Departments admission
of the sinking of large American
troopship in European waters with
heavy loss of life comedies with other
Allied official statements to emplla-
size revival of enemy submarine
activity Though doubtless surpris-
ing to the general public, this U-boat
comeback was not unexpected by our
naval authorities. They have known
that certain improvements in both
construction and tactics would en-
able the German sea wolves to prey
more effectively upon Allied ship
ping, not only on the open ocean but
also in European coastal waters.
That has been made possible
chiefly by clever German invention
known as the "air shaft" This device,
a long, extensible air intake and
exhaust duct, enables U-boats to
recharge their batteries without sur
facing-a procedure previously nee
essary every 36 to 72 hours. That
was the critical time when they could
be spotted by air patrols and easily
destroyed. Under such handicap,
the U-boats were virtually denied
access to coastal waters and were
kept away from regular ocean ship
ping lanes as WELL Now, however,
they can operate even in well-pa-
trolled areas undetected from the air
and can keep their stations for long
periods of time. In addition to the
air shaft. U boats are reportedly
equipped with improved torpedoes
and better detection apparatus. The
large ocean, going types appear to be
operating from Norwegian harbors,
their lairs being bomb-proof con-
crete pens. Special smaller types
have been designed for coastal work
and are operating in the North Sea,
the Channel and around the British
Isles.
Another long range U-boat activ-
ity is the landing of enemy agents
in the Western Hemisphere. Such
spies have been detected recently in
both the United States and Brazil.
U-boats are known to have surfaced
near the coast Of neutral Argentina,
landing boxes Of bullion and Sc
curities. and taking away compact
Evening star., 1945-01-27

cargoes OF precious materials such
as rare metals. vitamin concentrates
and industrial diamonds.
All this confirms the repeated
warnings of Allied admiralties that
the U-boat problem. while no longer.
major menace, would probably
remain troublesome throughout the
war. Perhaps the chief damage in
flicted by its increased efficiency is
the necessity for maintaining strict
convoy procedure. Cumulative delays
in troop shipments and supplies far
outweigh specific losses by sinkings
or damage due to submarine action.
The total energy and personnel de-
flected from other tasks to antisub-
marine sea and air patrolling like
wise enters into the equation. While
there is no need for alarm. eternal
vigilance and tireless effort are in
cessantly needed in this obscure yet
vital theater of war.
Evening star., 1945-01-27

graphically, since Chairman Brownell
is from New York and Miss Martin is
from Maine. A member of the national
committee since 1941, she is a novice
neither IN State nor national politics.
She belongs to the So-called liberal
group in the party and was supporter
of Wendell l.. Willkie. Attempts have
been made to claim 'Willkie victory"
IN her election as secretary, but that
does not square with all the facts. She
had plenty of support outside of the
late Mr.. Wilkes friends on the COM
mittee.
An effort was made to torpedo her
candidacy by friends of former National
Committeeman Frank Mckay of Michi-
gan-who was ousted from that office
last year. This was an echo of political
strife in Michigan, which lined Mrs
Hay against Mckay. She played an
important part in the election cam
paign of Senator Ferguson-the one
man judge and jury who sent a lot of
political and other crooks to Jail in
Detroit while he was on the bench,
Chairman Brownell made no attempt
to dictate the election of secretary
but left the matter to be decided by the
committee members themselves. The
lSomen were, generally speaking, deter
mined to nave this place on the COM
mittee If they could and Mrs. Hay an
nounced her candidacy. The principal
male contender was Ernest NJ Morris of
Indiana. Two added entries were Mrs.
Cooper B. Rhodes charming and ef-
ficient party worker from the District.
and Harvey Jewett, ir., of South Da-
kota. Mrs. Hay took the lead at the
start and won on the second ballot.
Had there been a close race between
Mrs. Hay and Mr.. Morris, Mrs. Rhodes
might have come through a winner. In
deco, had. campaign been launched
for her before the eleventh hour, she
might have been really serious con-
tender anyway.
Under the newly planned expansion
OF the Republican national organiza-
ton the office of secretary of the ma
tlcnal committee may take on much
more Importance. In the past it has
been rather formal job, with the sec
retary functioning only at meetings of
the committee and at national conven-
lions. How much of job it is to be will
be determined largely by Chairman
Brownell. But Mrs. Hay it is said. has
the ability to deliver if called upon.
Evening star., 1945-01-27
StitweII's New Role

Ever since his recall from China
and the War Departments an
nouncement at that time that he
was to receive an important" as
signment, General Stilwell's status
has been the subject of much specu-
lation. a great deal of it suggesting
that he might be called upon to
direct large-scale invasion of the
Chinese coast. The fact that he has
just been named to command the
Army ground forces in this country
would seem to rule out that possibil-
ity. but not necessarily So for it is
conceivable particularly now that
the battle of Europe may be in it's
last phase-that in his new role his
main task will be to prepare troops
for offensive operations on the
Asiatic mainland. possibly to take
part in those operations after they
are begun. It may be worth noting
in this connection that the late Gen.
eral McNair, after his brilliant work
in building. up the ground forces.
went to a combat command in
Europe and that his successor, Gen.
era1 Lear. is now taking administra-
tive charge of all our forces in that
theater. Similarly, in succeeding
General McNair and General Lear,
General Stilwell may we'll be begin
ming task that will eventually lead
him into direct action against Japan.
In any event. his new duties are
unquestionably of the greatest i'm
.portance, and judging from the
impressive record he has already
achieved, there can be no doubt that
he will carry them out with vigor
and distinction. In this he has the
good wishes of the whole Nation,
which has long since come to know
him as one of its foremost soldiers.
Evening star., 1945-01-27
Mr.. Hogon's S Books

The American portion OF the book
and manuscript collection of Frank
j. Hogan has been sold at auction
in New York and has realized more
than hundred thousand dollars,
thus confirming his wisdom as an
investor as we'll as his discrimina-
ton as a connoisseur. But some
thing more important than the late
distinguished owners perspicacity
and taste was involved in the dis
persion of his photographic estate.
He provided in his will for the dis
tribution of his treasures in the open
market and, in so doing, gave ex-
preston to a philosophy which those
who were acquainted with him per-
sonally must recognize as having
been characteristic of him.
There is something sacred in the
spiritual and intimate companion
ship of book Mr.. Hogan wrote,
land I do not deem it fitting that
these friends of many happy hours
should repose in unloved and soul
less captivity. Rather, would send
them out into the world again to be
the intimates of others whose loving
hands and understanding hearts will
fill the place left vacant by my
passing"
Such words particularly are ap-
propriate to various collection of
the type which Mr.. Hogan had
brought together. He was inter-
ested in a great number of different
aspects of life, and literature" was
to him a term of the broadest and
most inclusive meaning. The first
of the items mentioned in the cata-
logue of his American division was
Jacob Abbott's "Rollo Learning to
Read" published at Boston in 1885.
and the last-the seven hundred
and ty-fourth-item was George
w. Young's "The Lips That Touch
Liquor" in Standard Recitations
by Best Authors" printed in New
York in 1884. Between the two ex-
tremes of the list were rare first
editions and autograph letters by
Poe, Whitman, Irving, Longfellow,
Cooper, Hawthorne, Melville, Lowell,
Holmes, Emerson, Mark Twain, Bret
Harte, o. Henry, Dresser, Heming-
way and many other celebrated "ink
beasts" Gas James Huneker called
Evening star., 1945-01-27
This Changing World
By Consfanfine Brovn

UNRRA supplies for the distressed
and starving populations will soon be-
gin to flow into Yugoslavia and Poland,
although distribution will be made by
omcials OF the two governments which
90 not yet have legal status. This
Is contrary to the provisions of resolu-
ton OF the UNRRA agreements which
provides that such supplies at no time
shall be used "as political weapon
and no discrimination shall be made in
their distribution because of race, creed
and political belief"
Resolution was introduced at the
lnsistence of Congress. During the pre-
liminary debates preceding the authori-
zation OF $1,300,000,000 as Americas
share in this work, the American legis-
latofs insisted on sufficient safeguards
In the distribution. 1t was pointed out
that because of the disturbed political
conditions in Europe. some individuals
or groups would use the relief for their
own political purposes.
Unless this could be prevented, Con-
gress was reluctant to hand large sums
OF the taxpayers monies over to UNRRA.
At the meeting of the United Nations
at Atlantic City in December, 1943, the
adoption Of resolution gave the leg
islators the needed safeguard and the
first slice of 5000 1000, 900 was appropriate
ed. UNRRA became an Official inter-
national relief organization and an
American, former Gov Herbert H. Leh-
man. was named as its head.
But since the liberation of Yugo-
slavia and parts of Poland, Mr.. Lehman
has had his troubles because the Mos
cow-sponsored governments in both
these countries insisted that the relief
should be distributed by their own Of
ficials. Neither the Tito nor Lublin
government is officially recognized by
the United States. The representatives
of Poland and Yugoslavia on UNRRA
were designated by King Peter and the
Polish government in exile.
In order to bring relief to the dis
tressed people Mr.. Lehman designated
number of officials to proceed to these
liberated territories and distribute re-
lief in accordance with all the provi-
sions of the Atlantic City agreements
He encountered his first obstacle in
Moscow. The Moscow authorities in
charge of visas did not turn him down
bluntly, but found various reasons why
passports to Poland could not be given
Evening star., 1945-01-27
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

The election of Mrs. Dudley c. Hay
OF Michigan as secretary of the Re-
publican National Committee was aptly
described by an important leader in
the party as a recognition of woman's
maturity in politics, rather than
feminist victory or a tidbit tossed
to the women. The gathering i'm
portance Of women in politics-since
national enfranchisement a quarter
OF century ago-is quite clear, par
ticularly as there are now more poten-
tial woman voters lin the country than
men, not excluding the men in the
armed forces.
The COP has been a bit slower than
the Democratic party over the years in
recognizing woman's part in politics
although it has followed close on the
heels of the Democrats in this regard.
A year ago the Democrats elected a
woman secretary of the national COM
mittee. This may have had something
to do with the action of the Republican
National Committee in Indianapolis at
its meeting last Monday. But it was
only part of the motivating cause. The
Republican women gave a good ac-
count of themselves in the last cam
pdlSl MdIiy VI tllGI1 nave d real FIlGU
for practical politics-which means the
politics of organization, rather thar
anything sinister.
In the Republican national organiza-
ton Miss Marion E. Martin, national
committeewoman from Maine, has done
an outstanding job as assistant chair
man and head of the women's divi-
sion of the committee Endowed with
political sense. tact and organizing abil-
ity Miss Martin is known to politicians
throughout the country and can give
cards and spades to many men poll
ticians and still leave them far be-
hind when the score of efficiency is
counted
Each State and Territory and the
District has two members of the ma
tional committee today, one of whom
is woman. There are two women
VICE chairmen to match two men in
similar positions sone Of them Mrs
Katherine Kennedy Brown of Ohio and
the other Mrs. Horace H. Sayre of
Oklahoma. And the women have six
members of the Executive Committee
to nine men.
Mrs Hay. the new secretary, halls
from the Midwest, which helps to bal
ance the committee organization geo.
Evening star., 1945-01-27
'Sittard Corner
BY Mai. George Fieidine Eliot

The progress of the very fine and
methodical offensive operation which
the British I'd Army has been putting
on for the past weeks in the so-called
"Sittard Corner" merits attention. for
it fits directly into the preparations
for the renewal of a major Allied often
sive on the western front.
1t will be recalled that part of the
purpose in the British Canadian oper-
ationS in the Southwestern Netherlands
last fall, aside from the major purpose
of opening the port of Antwerp, was
to free the Allied left flank from any
danger of German counterattack
launched from the area which the Ger
mans then held south of the lower
course of the Mas (Meuse) River. The
"Sittard Corner" bears a similar rela-
tionship (on smaller scale) to the
problems of an Allied offensive across
the Roer.
On this part of the front the Mas
runs roughly south to north The Roer
runs northwest, falling into the Mas
at Roermond, which is therefore the
apex of right-angled triangle whose
western side is formed by the Mas, the
Roer being the hypothenuse, and the
base being on east-west line from
Maesyck,. on the Mas, to Linnich, on
the Roer. Lnnich was the northernmost
point on the Roer held by the United
States 9th Army. AS long as the Ger
mans held this triangle, the base, from
Maesyck to Linnich, was soft spot"
on the Allied front, and the interior
of the triangle was in effect German
bridgehead across the Roer which
threatened the left flank of any future
Allied offensive across the Roer into the
Cologne plain.
It is toward the elimination of this
threat that the operations of the Brit
ish I'd Army have been directed and
when the elements of the problem are
stated, the purpose is obvious-to clear
the way for the renewal of Allied offen-
sive operations seeking to cross the
Roer and advance toward the Rhine.
The British operation was divided into
two parts First, the clearing out of
German posts along the Mas from
point opposite Maesyck up to the
outskirts of Roermond was undertaken; Z
then the British drove forward their
main attack in the sector, directed upon
Heinsberg, which lies near the Roer,
about half way between Roermond and
Linnich. Heinsburg Is now fully In
British hands. The effect is to cut
Evening star., 1945-01-27
Sunday Morning

Slo,o break the bells In s,peet, sad dis
So1ance,
In clear bronze solemn Dupes of fullino
sound,
As 1D1pes tDould Ddsh the U1ornino
shores OF memory,
The frosted Sunday morning silence
all profound.
Deep, high and many-toned they chime
and boom
In sloao chorale as timeless suellfno
break OF seas,
While grauely clocked the footsteps pass
belo1D,
While pigeons ,0heel above the FROST
Tinaed trees.
Slo,o chime the bells, the hours, the
tides OF years,
Through empty boughs and still cold
eckoing air.
And In grave tempo slo,ply turns the
heart
From pensiue halt remembrance no,o
to prayer.
FREDERICK EBRIGHT.
Evening star., 1945-01-27
Americas Aim
From the Buchan Observer. Peterhead. Scot

From the Buchan Observer. Peterhead. Scotland.
1t Is, in our view. both fitting and for
tunate that United States troops shouli
be the first to penetrate the Reich.
America has no private ak to grind in
the European struggle. The adjustment
OF national boundaries is not a matter
in which she has a personal interest.
Her single clear objective is to impose
justice and to ensure that aggression
will be finally put down.
No side-issue will divert America from
her primary aim, which is the complete
military defeat of Germany and the
imposition upon her leaders of uncon-
ditional surrender.
Evening star., 1945-01-27
The Wallace Setback

Although the Presidents letter to
Jesse Jones raises some question as
to how anxious he is to have Henry
Wallace in his cabinet as Secretary
of Commerce, the adverse Senate
committee vote on the nomination
will certainly be regarded as a seri-
Gus setback, not only for Mr.. Wallace,
but for the President as well.
Mr. Roosevelt placed the nomina-
ton squarely on the basis of polit-
ical reward, and there has been no
indication that he intends to make
a fight in behalf of his nominee.
Furthermore, although the President
has brought many able businessmen
into his administration, his selection
of Mr.. Wallace for the Commerce
post-traditionally that of a busi-
nessman-seemed almost to invite
controversy.
All of these considerations pcob-
ably were reflected in the 14-to-5
vote in the Senate Commerce Com
mittee for an unfavorable report on
the nomination. OF themselves,
however, they are hardly sufficient
to explain such a rebuff to the Pres
ident at the outset of a new term,
and it is rebuff-regardless of
whether the President really wants
Mr.. Wallace in his cabinet.
Other reasons have to do with Mr..
Wallace himself and with the belief,
amounting to conviction in some
minds, that the former Vice Presi-
dent already is candidate for his
party's presidential nomination in
1948. There was self-evident polit-
ical flavor in Mr. Wallace's testimony
before the committee-espe in
his use of such terms as the giants
of industry and the "tycoons of
American finance" and his attempt
to picture himself as the champion
of small business" while leaving the
impression that those who do not
agree with his views must be inter
ested in promoting big business at
the expense of little business. The
overwhelming majority of Southern
Democrats opposed Mr.. Wallace for
the vice presidency last summer, and
it is foregone conclusion that they
will be even more strongly opposed
to him as presidential nominee
four years hence. Therefore, when
he injected what seemed to be a
political note into his appearance
before the committee he practically
asked for the opposition of those
Democrats who do not want to see
him advanced to position of great
er power within the party.
Whether the refusal of the Senate
to confirm Mr.. Wallace-if that body
should support it's ommittee-would
hurt his long-range political pros
poets, remains to be seen. Much
depends upon the economic condi-
tions which will prevail in 194S and
how the public would react to a re-
fusal by the Senate to permit Mr..
Wallace to put his economic theories
into effect. He may emerge from
this as something of a political
. martyr, but, for the time being, the
best estimate is that his prospects
would suffer from a defeat in the
Senate.
Meanwhile, it is to be hoped that
the bill to divorce the lending
agencies from tla Commerce De-
partment, which has been reported
favorably, will not be showed under
in fight over Itr. Wallace. That
separation should become effective,
regardless of the vote on the Wal
lace nomination.
Evening star., 1945-01-27

professional practitioners Of the lit
erary art) and some not SO cele-
brated but equally worthy Of being
preserved, used and cared for.
Each volume carries Mr.. Hogan's
bookplate with the quotation from
Thomas Carlyle, "The true university
OF these days is collection of
books" Thus his properties always
will be subject to identification as
having been his, and that is a fact
which should be pleasant to remem-
Der in the circumstances.
Evening star., 1945-01-27
Grove Donqer in Ruts
From the St Louis Post Dispatch.

Unless we get rid of domestic rats, Dr.
E. G. Faust. Tulane University parasitic
logist, told the Southern Medical Asso-
citation, 1t is only question of time
until the broad beachhead that endemic
typhus has already established will
spread over the whole country. It is an
alarming prospect and in no wise an
exaggerated one. The infection has all
ready reached Is far east Is Oklahoma
and North Dakota.