davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-04-26
SAN FRANCISCO

! lPON THE coming San Francisco conference de-
pendS our hope of freedom from War-the
worst enemy of mankind. The horrors reported in
one days news are sufficient to make individuals
and nations sacrifice seeming advantages and
rights to rid the world of it's worst plague. The
will for peace must guide us through that confer
Ience and grow stronger with the successive prob
lens and situations that the future will bring. :.
1t is obvious cannot assure freedom to all
men and all countries by the peace nor immediate
ly thereafter. Freedom and democracy cannot be
given nations, but must be achieved and main
Calned by each for itself and in cooperation with
other nations of goodwill. Those nations that are
stronger and have achieved democracy for them
selves must lend helping hands to less advanced
nations Whatever compromises are made of
necessity, there must be no compromise on main
tanning opportunities for development in the d-
rection of democracy and freedom.
One of the keys to development in these direc-
tions is representation for various functional
groups constituting the nation, including indus
trial owners, farmers, workers. professional
groups When this type of representation prevails
representatives reflect the thinking of large
groups and report back thus building responsive
public interest and opinion. Where only govern
ment officials represent the country there is lit
tie publicity, little or no reporting back and little
information or concern on the part OF the citizens.
In the recent Inter er-American Conference or
ganiZed labor participated through three repre-
sentatives who were given genuine opportunity to
advise. The Act of Chapultepec and the Economic
Charter of the Americas produced at Mexico City
make possible the elimination of in the New
World and provide basis for mutual economic
progress. Large groups of citizens in this country
who participated in drawing up these basic docu
ments feel responsible for doing their part in
achieving the purposes set forth. AS we have
started on the task of maintaining peace and good
will in those countries for which we have immedi
ate responsibility, SO should go about the
larger responsibility. Our national representatives
have already been designated AS at Mexico City, |
the U. S. delegation at San Francisco should have
the advice of representatives Of the major ma
tional groups.
This type of representation should be utilized
also in the maior agencies of the United Nations.
Rank and file citizens want to prevent war and
find ways to live together in peace They should
be given the opportunity to help maintain the
peace through our new world agencies
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-04-26
RECONVERSION POLICIES
DLANS HAVE already been made for

DLANS HAVE already been made for reconver-
sion and disposal of surplus war property and
have reached the stage where concern has cen
tered on speed of action. We have given thought
10 capital for reconverson and cancellation of con-
tracts. We are now planning to enable small busl-
ness to get going again. We have plans for vet
Grams - their rehabilitation, their education or
reeducation, their restoration to jobs in which
they have equities.
But what of the workers who turned out war
production and of those who kept our civilian
economy functioning? How will they get out of
crowded war production centerS and back to form
er industries? Will the u. S. Employment Service
be ready and able to get the right worker In every
Job available anywhere in the United States? AS
they stand by waiting for industries to recOnvert,
will workers be able to get unemployment COM
pensation or will some be expected to apply for
doles? When industries are reconverted, what
about wage rates and hours?
Workers are unable to manage their own
welfare because collective bargaining is frozen
the most drastic measure taken IN the name OF
ant-inflation. The freezing of collective bargain
ing has meant blocking the way to justice for la
bor so that the wage rate no longer represents
compensation in proportion to production per
hour This resulting injustice has been somewhat
concealed by the amount in the pay envelope, in
creased by overtime and by War Labor Board
gadgets and fringes, but the hourly wage rate is
the standard on which the worker relies
Because our unions are prohibited from action
and the government stubbornly maintains the Lit
tie Steel formula labor is confronted with post
war situation of pay in terms of 1912 wage rates,
with cost Of living in terms of 1916 or 1947 prices.
Prices obviously will go higher as indicated by
two inflationary decisions of Congress-increase
in the debt limit and reduction in the ratio of
gold holdings to credit for Federal Reserve Banks.
Our employers in general can afford to in
crease wage rates without asking for price in
creases. OPA recently released profits data show
ing earnings on net worth ranging up to Is per
cent, all of which workers helped to produce.
Workers are entitled to larger share. To deny
workers their fair share increases industry's pro-
fits unjustly.
AS a matter of justice and as prudent brovi-
sion for the future, this phoba for freezing wage
rates should end
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-04-26
THE GREAT CHAMPION

ERANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT may go
down in history as the architect of world peace
or as an outstanding military Strateglst but TO
the men and women of labor in this country he
will always stand as the great champion OF the
cause of the underprivlleged.
To them the true test Of his greatness was
that he never lost touch with the common man.
It is far too early to attempt to evaluate In
terms of lasting Importance the vital economic
and social reforms instituted by President Roose-
welt to strengthen and ampfy the American way
of life The list is tremendous. But to the workers
of the nation, these measures appear outstanding
1.-The National Recovery Act, which Sparked
the stalled economic machinery of the nation back
into motion and served highly useful purpose
even though it was later invalidated by the Su-
preme Court.
2-The National Labor Relations Act, regard
ed as abors Magma Charta, which gave official
blessing to collective bargaining and guaranteed
the right of workers to organize and join unions
of their own choosing.
3-Thc Social Security Act which, though still
imperfect, helped to Danish the fear Of poverty
in old age and in temporary unemployment.
1.-THE Fair Labor Standards Act, which set
a floor for wages and ceiling for working hours
and helped millions of workers in oppressed IN
dustries to escape from starvation condltiohs.
5-The Federal Deposit Insurance Act, which
insured and protected the hard-earned savings OF
the masses
These were the big reforms of the Roosevelt
Administration. But above and beyond these, was
the spirit which initiated them and which was
ever ready to give prompt and sympathetic atten-
ton to the troubles of labor.
Franklin d. Roosevelt made mistakes too. But
they were the mistakes of warm heart, lie could
be stern as well as kindly. He could reprlmand as
well as praise. But labor always found him just
and responsive.
Labors loss in his death cannot be expressed
in words He will be mourned-mourned by men
and women who never saw him in the flesh, who
never spoke to him, but for whom he will always
remain a symbol of kndliness and decency.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-04-26
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION RISES

Washington, ID. c. (ILNS) Build
ing construction started in urban
areas of the United States rose near
ly 15 percent from January, Secre-
tary of Labor Frances Perkins re-
ported. "The total value of all urban
building construction started during
February was approximately SIT mil
lion," she said, "over three-fifths of
which was for non-Federally financed
work. New nonresidential building,
two-thirds of it federally financed,
made up over half of the building
construction started in February.
Practically all of the new residential
building was non-federal and it rose
in value by Is percent from the prev
ious month as compared with a 81
percent increase in new nonresidential
building. Total valuations for addi-
tions, alterations. and repairs in the
month declined by Is percent from
January"
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-04-26
FREE TRADE UNION FUND
DRACTICALI.Y every organized grou

PRACTICALLY every organized group IN our
nation is preparing to provide relief and re-
habilitation for similar groups in war-ravaged
Europe Members and leaders of free trade unions
have gone underground are refugees or have been
forced to renounce their allegiance Even the ulti-
mate fortunes Of war may not restore rights to
many Many Of the underground in Poland are in
concentration camps and a labor movement fav-
ored by the new government is forming there and
in other Balkan states. Union leaders in Italy
France and the Low Countries may also need help
in maintaining their rights workers and as free
citizens They must have funds to restore union
organization and union functions.
We can strengthen free trade unions in this
country by contributing to the relief and rehabli-
taton Of free trade unions in other countries
Every local union, every city and state body, every
national and international union has direct stake
in this cause and should utilize its opportunity to
make a substantial contribution to the Free Trade
Union Fund.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-04-26


Three electrically driven lOcOmO-
tives powered by a cOal-burning
steam turbine engine are to be built
for the Chesapeake & Ohio Rail-
way. They will be the first of the
kind in this country. In the new To-
cOmOtive, in single self-cOntained
unit, the coal is carried in the head
instead of in tender, the engineers
cab is next, then the boiler, and last
the electric motors that drive the
wheels. The engine is designed to
develop 5000 horsepower and the
locomotive will be capable of run
ming more than 100 miles an hour
under full load even on grades.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-04-26
OPEN TO TIE PRESS

I'HE ANNOUNCEMENT of the State Depart
ment that the United Nations Conference at
San Francisco will be open to the press, radio and
photographers is gratifying to those of us who
have been asking for free and open discussion
Of world problems at international conferences.
This is in the true American spirit. 1t should
be an eye-opener TO some Of our allies who always
conduct official business, affecting all the people
of their land, behind closed doors editor &
Publisher).
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-04-26
FEW ILLINOIS WORKERS IDLE

Chicago (ILNS). - Only 8,410, APP
proximately one-fourth of / percent
of the 100000 Illinois workers in
sured under the State Unemployment
Compensation law, were paid jobless
benefits in March, Director of Labor
Robert L. Gordon reported. This fig
ure represents a drop of 1O.5 percent
below February's unemployed total,
and of nearly 25 percent from that
for January.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-04-26
w l S D o M

The test of our progress is not
whether we add more to the abund-
ance Of those who have much; it is
whether we provide enough for
those who have ittle.-Franklin ID.
Roosevelt.
The potters herald. [volume] (East Liverpool, Ohio) 1899-1982, 1945-04-26
CHERRY Tree

Where With Our Little Hafchet
We Tell the Truth about
Many Things, Sometimes Pro-
foundIy, Sometimes FliPpanfty
and Sometimes ReckIessly.
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-02-01
GENEVIEVE
BY Isabel Swalheim

Mr.. and MIS-. Robert Arndt and
children and John Arndt went to
Glasgow Thursday taking their
mother, Mrs. Olga Arndt, to the
Deaconess hospital for medical
treatment.
Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Lick were
Sunday afternoon luncheon guests
at the Ole Swalheim home.
Lillian Olson spent the week end
with her cousin, Darlene Johnsrud,
east of Hinsdale.
Mr.. and Mrs. Maurice Arnold and
son John we're Saturday evening
supper guests at the J. S. Peck
home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lester johnson
and sons were Sunday evening
guests of Mr.. and Mrs. Clarence
Bomsta east OF HinSdale.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lester johnson and
son were among the guests at a
dinner given at the Albert Nelson
home in honor of Pfc. West Jen-
sen Monday.
Mrs. Philip Grady spent a few
days in Hinsdale. While there she
visited Mrs. Luther C~openhaver
and Mrs. Arthur Harris.
Allen Stuber was a Tuesday !2ven-
ing visitor at the Lester Johnson
home.
Mr.. and Mrs. Philip Grady and
sons Vaughn and Arden drove to
the Ole Swalheim ranch Saturday.
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-02-01
Almost Everyone
Is Liable For
Income Payments

Most everyone who had an in
rome of more than $500 during
1914 owes an income tax, regard
less of the number of DEPENDENTS"
it was announced today by Lewis
Penwell. collector of internal
revenue for the Montana district.
Judging from the manner in
which income tax returns submitted
to date T prepared, it is evident
that a great MANY people do not
understand the effect of their ex-
emptionS in figuring their income
tax, he said. The former exemptions
of 81 1900 for a married person or
head of a family. or $3.50 for each
dependent relative. has been re-
placed bv a uniform per capita
exemption Of $500. For surtax, a
taxpayer is allowed an exemption of
$500 for himself. $500 for his wife.
and $500 for each dependent rela-
tive,
For normal tax, the exemption is
only $500 on returns including the
income of only ona person. On a
joint return where both husband
and wife have separate incomes, the
combined normal tax exemption is
81 900 if each had an income of $500
or more: but. If the income of
either was less than $500. the COM
bined normal tex exemption is $500
plus the actual amount of the
smaller Of the two incomes.
While the Victory tax in effect
for 1943 has been repealed, it was
replaced bv a new three percent
normal tax (which, generally, is
to the amount of income
in exces of the normal tax exemp-
ton of $500.
To illustrate this point, take the
case of a man whose income was
$4,000. He has a wife and three
children which he thinks gives him
an exemption of $4,000. so he feels
he has no tax to pay. He is correct
as far as surplus is concerned. but
he has overlooked the normal tax
Of three percent on which he has
an exemption of only $500 because
The income of $500 is entirely his
OWN. Actually. he owes a tax of
about $50 according to the optional
tax table provided by law.
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-02-01
KiwaniS Club
Hears State
Leader Speak

An address by H. D. McGinty Of
Great Falls, lieutenant governor o.
Kiwanis in Montana; the reading
of a message by Past President II
o. Morgan on the organizations
30th anniversary and presentation
of perfect attendance awards fea-
tured a ladies night" dinner and
program of the Glasgow club in st,
Raphael's clubhouse Thursday
night.
Mr. McGinty stressed the inter-
national detectives of the service
organization in serving home COM
munities, winning the war and
planning for postwar readjustment.
President H. j. Fried presided at
the program, with R. l.. Irle as
program chairman. A decorated
birthday cake with 80 candles
conferred the head table.
Prefacing his address,, Mr.. McGinty
presented to E. D. Benson, immed-
late past president, a certificate
signed by international officers in
testimony and appreciation of his
work in leading the club through
a year of outstanding activity"
The message read by Mr.. Morgan
was written by Ben Dean of Grand
Rapids, Mich, International presi-
dent. who recalled the founding of
Kiwanis in Detroit in 1915 and en-
phasized its theme for the year,
the War-Build for Peace"
Ten awards were presented to
club members for perfect atten-
dance, with C. j. Carney receiving
a tab for his membership button
testifying to seven years perfect
attendance. Other tabs went to Dr..
K. r. Steffensen, five years; o. H.
npnd Rind Sard H tbree TssSs. and +. & J
Kjelstrup, two years. and Mr.. Ben
SON, C. O.. johnson, Mr.. Morgan and
]. P. Sternhagen, one year. !
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-02-01
Booklet Tells
How to Fight
Wheat Saw F1y

BOHEMIAN - Farmers operating
in areas where the wheat stem saw
fly is causing damage will find many
helpful control hints in a new circu-
lar published by the Montana ag-
ricultural extension service.
Entitled wheat Stem Sawfly
Control in Severely infested Areas,
the circular gives in brief, concise
form some of the control methods
that may be used and drawings
illustrate how strip farming methods
may be adapted to control this pest.
The authors of the circular, j. A.
Callenbach and M. P. Hansmeier,
point out that community ac-
ton against sawflies is more effec-
tive than if an individual attempts
control work alone.
Copies of the circular may be OBJ
tanned by writing to the Montana
Agricultural Extension service e,
Montana State college, Bozeman,
and asking for circular N. 156.
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-02-01
Warren Thornton
Loses Fimgertip
i'm Trucks Door

Warren Thornton suffered the loss
of the end of his left forefinger last
Tuesday when the door of his truck
slammed shut on it while he was out
side the car on the highway two
miles from the William Russell farm
near Larsfan.
He was unable to get the door
open and tried to pull his finger out,
losing the tip.
He walked to their farm and Mr..
Russell brought him to the Deacon
ess hospital in Glasgow where the
finger was operated upon and Mr..
Thornton remained a day as a pa
tient.
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-02-01
Variety In Schools Concert
Proves Pleasing to Audience

Variety in the type of music pre-
sented and a high quality in it
rendition marked the annual con
cert of the Glasgow Kiltie bant
and the high school mixed choru
presented under the direction o
Miss Elizabeth Thompson at th'
high school auditorium Friday
night.
The chorus of 80 voices stood OF
four steps placed in front of tht
platform and was accompanied
by Miss Betty ~Billingsley. THE
Lords Prayer" set to music by
Mallatto and arranged for the
chorus by Miss Thompson, was
beautifully and ~reverently sung, and
served as a musical invocation. The
other chorus numbers were spirited
and lively.
A group of instrumental solos and
a trio and a song by a boys quintet
made up the second part of the pro-
gram and were presented from the
stage in front of the curtains. The
solists were Don Thill, cornet;
Betty Watson, clarinet, and Cecil
Dykstra, trombone. All showed ex-
ceptional mastery of their instru-
mentS. The negro spirituelle, IT
Got Shoes" sung by Borland Bar
dell, George Cole, George Watson,
Dale Moore and Wayne Larson, and
George Barnard's "Merriest Polka"
played as a clarinet trio by Betty
Watson, Betty Malunat and Mary
Lou Alley, were enjoyable numbers.
Miss Thompson accompanied.
The band concert of four numbers,
Sousa's 1.-The Thunderer," Grieg's
Thanksgiving" a selection from
Wagner'S "Tannhauser," and ST.
belius' "Finlandia," was the climax
of the evenings program with 38
participating. The stege curtains
were drawn apart for the first time
to reveal the band, in Scotch High
land uniforms, with a patriotic
background of blue stars on white
and in the center a deep Victory v
of red, white and blue stripes. The
program closed with the singing of
two verses of America" by the
chorus, accompanied by the band,
the final verse, a prayer, serving
as a benediction.
Those who sang in the chorus
were Borland Bardell, Joan Bar
dell, Betty Jean Bailey, Helen Pell,
Betty Billingsley. Pat Blair, Nadine
Brooks, sydney Rae Browning, Nora
Grain, Dorothy Dell Delay, Rosie
FTieberg, Ina Jean Fuhrmann. Joan
Fuhrmann. Marilyn Hughes, Betty
Kalstad, Tommy Heating, Garnet
Kotkin, Dorothy Krieser, Richard
Larsen, Wayne Larsen. Mary Lee
Leist, Betty Loop. Annie Marshall,
Lilah McVee, Frank Mersen, Doris
Moe, Dale Moore, Betty Mosely,
Gerry Near. Eva Mae Rhode, Bob
Roberts, Sally Sanders, Doris Sowa,
Dick Stedtfeld, Shirley S%tensland,
Viola Sylvester, Betty Watson,
George Watson and Adele Wolf.
Those who played in the band ,
we're Mary Lon Alley. Richard
Alley, Deloris Anderson, Joan Bar
iell, Betty Billingsley, Sydney Rae
Browning, David Bundy, Norma
.urrus, Roberta Cotton, William
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-02-01
Ration Reminders

MEATS, FATS.-.Red stamps O5,
RS, SIS. March 81; Red stamps rs,
US VS., WIS and ks April %; Red
stamps VS., rs, and Az, B2, CT, Do,
June 2.
PROGRESSED FOODS.-.Blue
stamps KS, VS., rs, and Az and B2,
March 81; Blue stamps CO, Do,
E2, F2. and GO, April 30; Blue
stamps HI. u, K2, LIZ. and M,
June 2.
-SUGAR.-Stamp "a, Feb %;
Stamp IS, June 2.
SHOES-.Airplane stamps l, 2,
and 3 in book three. good in
definitely.
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-02-01

Durell, Leo E1lingson, Jeanne Fig
maka, Byron Fuller, Corabeth
Granger, Phillip Hammerness,
Roland HammerneSs, Adonna Han
son, Lois Haynes, Donna Jean Jen-
sen, Don Kalstad, Sharon Lynn,
Betty Malunat, Don Malunat, Duane
Mckay, Maureen Mckay, Joyce
Nakken, Violet Nelson, Lloyd Peters,
Margie Peters, Patsy Pattison,
Esther Reddig, Phyllis Scanson,
Helen Tiechrow, Don Thrill. Guy
Wagner, George Watson, Betty
Watson and Marie Weber.-E.EK.
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-02-01
Party Series at
HinSdale Closes
Py Courier Correspondent

HINSDALE-Mrs. Phil Shotnokoff
and Forrest Steen received the series
grand prizes for the three COM
munity whist parties given by st.
Albert's Altar society, the last Of
which was held THURSDAY evening
at the community hall. Low prizes
for the series went to Mrs. Guy
Rjggin and r.. R. Daley. High
prizes for Thursday nights party
were awarded to Mrs. R. R. DALEY
and Harvey Burns. The society
served midnight lunch.
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-02-01
CHECK THOSE BATTERIES

Because Of increased manpower
and material shortages, truck, bus
and Ear operators are urged by the
ODT to make weekly cbeckups of
their storage batteries. whether in
water. battery "hold-downs", over
charging, undercharging. and clean
illness of top and terminals.
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-02-01
DR.. Kroner Moves
Office from City

DR.. Margaret Kroner has moved
her office from Glasgow to Lewis
town, she announces. She will be
located in the Montana building in
Lewistown, she states. DR.. Kroner
has been engaged in practice in sew
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-02-01
C.

Frequent water drinkings," said
the specialist. will prevent you from
becoming stiff in the Joints"
Eyes, but some of the joints don't
serve water"