davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-05-29
Tiny Channel Isle CIung To British Rule
By CHARLES BERNARD United Press Staff Correspondent

United Press Staff Correspondent
 Isle of Sark, Channel Islands, May 29.-CUP)-This tiny island and Its population of 360 peasants remained, during five years of Ger man occupation, under the benevo- lent feudal rule of the 60-year-old dame of Sark.
 Liberating British forces expected to find that the garrison of some 300 Germans, led by an ardent Nazl captain, had ravaged the island. h. stead, they learned that the sharp Mitted dame of Sark had kept her charges almost completely free of interference by the Germans.
 The dame, who is Madame" to the reverent islanders, operates her Island efficiently and democratically under the old English feudal sys- tenn.
 Her grant to the island dates back to the time of Queen Elizabeth, who gave 1t to Jersey man, Heller de Carterei.
 Still on the island are the 40 orig inal farms, operated by tenants, who pay the dame yearly tithe in kind"
 This produce she exports in nor mal times, and the revenue there from is used to maintain the islands economy. The dame answers only to the king of England and the privy council for her actions, pay ing $40 yearly for the privilege of owning the island.
 Shortly after the Germans land ed on Sark I received the comman- der at my home" she said in an interview after the liberation.
 T told him firmly and politely that my people would not resist, could not resist, military occupa- ton, but that I had urged my peo- pie to stay on the island, rather than evacuate to England, with the assurance that I would look after them. The commander agreed that I should retain control of the civil administration, and they seldom caused any difficulty"
 However, I learned from the islanders and the dame's daughter, Mrs. Duce Briscoe of Guernsey, that 1t was not quite as simple as that. The grey haired, strong-willed dame fought the occupation forces with tenacious argument at every motion the Germans made toward Ocroaching on her domain.
 As a result, none of the islands comparatively abundant foodstuffs pr homes ever were requisitioned by the Germans, although she admitted it was pretty much touch and go'' in the last few weeks before libera- ton.
 The islanders did not live in the lap of luxury but cases of malnutri- ton such as were found on all the other channel islands were prac- tically nonresident. The dame even managed to wangle medical assist ance for her people from the Ger mans when the islands only doctor grew inept with age.
 The ruler of Sark really lost only two counts to the Germans in five years First, she had to allow all those not native to the island to be deported by the Germans. This was a bitter blow because among the deportees was her American born husband. R. W. Hathaway. fer merly of New York City, who was placed in a concentration camp at -ealsburg, Germany.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-05-29

WILSON ST. -2 family, rooms, large lot. $6,5o0.
 WEST MAIN ST. .-3 family, 14 rooms, hot water heat on 1st floor, 2 car garage. $8,500. ALDER ST. 8 family, 12 rooms, ORANGE sT.-3 family, 12 rooms. S8,0OO.
 BROOKLYN SECTION 8 family.
 12 rooms, hot water heat on lst floor, 1 car garage. s7500. BROOKLYN SECTIONS family. ?
 stores, 1st class condition. Brick
 building, excellent investment. $1450O.
 HIGHLAND AVE. 8 family, 16 rooms. 1st class condition. $10,500. OFF WALNUT ST. T.-3 family, Is rooms, 1st class. condition. 5000. BROOKLYN SECTION a family. 10 rooms. $3,OOO.
 TOWN PLOT SECTIONS family, 16 rooms, ? car garage. 5000. WATERVILIE ST. 8 family, IT rooms, heat on 2 floors. $8,00O. SOUTH ST. family, Is rooms,
 very good condition. $9,5OO. TOWN PLOT-New house, rooms
 car garage, modern improve ments. Reasonable price. THOMAS MATAS REAL ESTATE
 S1 Fox St. Dial 4-6036 12:30-1:30 p. m. or 6:30-8:30 p. m.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-05-29

ON NICE STREET-In Milldale, cozy little home built for not more than three. Pleasant living room with bay window. Modern bath with tub and shower. Attractive kitchen with built in cabinets; dining room; large bedroom; screened-in sun-porch. Oil burner. Two-car garage. Large lot, nicely, shrubbed. Owner moving - must sell. Cash required only $500 Lester Harris, Jr, Real Estate & Insurance. Call Cheshire 2291 for appointment.
Evening star., 1945-04-01
Confused Nozis
Use AmbuIonces
To- Haul Arms
BY DON WHITEHEAD,

WITH THE UNITED STATES
1st ARMY, Mar. 31.-The confusion
and panic behind German lines is
so great that third of the Ger
mans ambulances are used to carry
weapons and ammunition to troops
at the front, freed American pris-
oners said today.
The chaos and fear in German
ranks is good to see," said one
Doughboy prisoner of war, liber-
ated by the 7th Armored Division
in the 1st Army's deep drive into
Germany.
The prisoner. who saw the con-
ditions behind German lines before
American tanks arrived at Giessen
to free Allied troops, said that AL
lied prisoners of war often are mis-
treated by German guards. When
they are under care of German
Army troops, however, they receive
much better treatment than when
in prisons, he said.
The American said that once
when prisoners were marched to the
rear before the American drive, they
walked for Is days with very little
food and frequently were beaten
by their guards.
German soldiers and civilians
alike are very hostile toward Allied
fighter pilots, he said. For some
reason they do not feel the same
hostility toward crews of heavy
bombers.
Evening star., 1945-04-01
Yunk Division Races 100 Miles
From Dawn to Midniqht in Reich

the retreating epemy at Mons. 1t
had been fighting four days and
had rested only a few hours before
it was put to this supreme test.
1t now is nearly 40 miles in front
of the 9th Army which we suppose
is advancing eastward, pushing the
enemy in front.
But now we are like ringed
Allied island in a sea of Germans
all enemy troops opposing Field
Marshal Sir Bernard L. Montgom-
cry in front and the Russians be-
yond Berlin. But the infantry is
coming up today. The Sd Armored
at this writing has cut half the
German retreat line in a maneuver
which up to this stage repeats both
the Falaise Gap and Mons holo-
caustS.
Correspondents with the division
when told of the move late the
night before thought Gen. Rose was
talking of campaign that would
last more than a week. They were
(see HENRY. Page A-5J
Evening star., 1945-04-01
Coal Pact Deadlock
To Be Ended Today,
Farley Head Says
Promise Given Despite
Failure of Conferees to
Agree on Extension Orde,
Bv JAMES Y. NEWTON.

The soft coal work contract
expired at midnight last night
with John L. Lewis United Mine
Workers and the mine operators
unable to reach agreement on
its extension, but with the prom
Use that the deadlock would be
resolved by pm. today.
The wage conferees met in ex-
traord,nary session from 8 o'clock
last night until 1890 am. today,
but were unable to agree on terms
of a War Labor Board order calling
for indefinite extension of the oiG
work agreement and uninterrupted
production of coal with provision
for retroactive payment of any wage
adjustments as of today.
Efforts to agree on extension were
snagged when the operators baked
at the insistence of Mr.. Lewis that
the retroactive pay be guaranteed
in writing.
Promises End Today.
Ezra Van Horn, conference chair
man, announced as the weary ne
gotiators left the Shoreham Hotel
conference room that the operators
and miners were unable to reach
an understanding ON the terms of
extension. Then he added: =
"The whole situation will be re-
solved by not later than O'Clock
today and the conference is ad-
journed until II Monday morning" !"
Mr.. Van Horn declined today to
say how the situation would be re-
solved in the absence of a meeting
Of negotiators, but he told report
ers, "Yeu will receive some kind of
a notification by pm" While Mr..
Lewis refused comment, an operator
Evening star., 1945-04-01
U. S., Britain Refuse
Red Demand Thut
Poles Be Represented
By GARNETT d. HORNER.

A new threat to Big Three po-
litical unity came into the open
yesterday with American and
British rejection of a Russian
demand that the Communist
dominated Polish provisional
government at Warsaw be in
vited to the San Francisco United
Nations Security Conference.
The Soviet move was interpreted
as an effort to force Anglo Ameri-
can recognition of the present War
saw government despite the Crimea
agreement that first it should be
reorganized ION a broader demo-
cratic basis with the inclusion Of
democratic leaders from POLAND
itself and from Poles abroad"
The rebuff from the United State:
and Great Britain amounted to 9
firm reminder that they expect the
Soviet to live up to both the letter
Evening star., 1945-04-01
Russian Tanks Smash
To Within 3 Miles
Of Austrian Capital
Two German StronghoIds
In Upper SiIesio Fall
In Morovion Cop Push
BY the Associated Press,

LONDON. April / Sunday -
Russian tanks, knitting up to II
miles inside Austria. smashed
through outflanked and totter-
ing Nazi defenses south of Vienna
yesterday within 33 miles of
the Austrian capital and IL
miles from its southern bastion
of Wiener Neustadt, Moscow
disclosed last night.
Simultaneously, Red Army spear
heads rolled % miles across South
western Hungary, stabbing to the
Austrian border at a new point
only 80 miles east of the key city
of Graz and 1T miles from Italy.
In a day of powerful Red Army
gains. all along a 300-mile front
stretching from German Silesia
across Slovakia and Hungary to the
Yugoslav frontier, other Soviet
troops cracked Bratislava,s Yah
River defense line q miles east of
the Slovak capital.
On the northern roads to Vienna
and Prague, Red Army troops in
Upper Silesia captured the German
strongholds of Ratigbor and Bieskau
in a drive toward the Moravian Gap,
gateway to Hitler's inner Czecho-
slovak fortress. These troops made
the first allied invasion of Moravia,
striking into that territory by cap
turing zauditz, miles southwest of
Ratibor.
Austrian Sweep Continues.
Moscows nightly war bulletin an
noupced that Marshal Feodor I.
Tolbukhin's Sd Ukrainian Army had
swept into Austria on a curving
35-mile front, driving IL miles in
side the frontier to capture Kirsch-
lag, IS miles south of Vienna.
To the north the invading Rus
slams captured Wiesmath, IL miles
south of Wiener Neustadt, great
aircraft manufacturing city % miles
south of the Austrian capital and
155 miles east of Berschtesgaden.
They were II miles from the main
(see REDS, Page A-7.)
Evening star., 1945-04-01
BY THOMAS r. HENRY,
Star Staff Correspondent.

WITH THE UNITED STATES 3rd
ARMORED DIVISION BEYOND
THE RHINE, Mar. 30 Delayed -
Between dawn and midnight yester-
day this spearhead tank division of
Gen. Courtney H. Hodges 1st Army
made probably the longest and
fastest armored move in history in
actual combat through enemy
territory-nearly 100 miles.
Most of the way it was unsup-
ported on either flank through
country which didn't expect Allied
troops for weeks to come. There
was light resistance most of the
way. This is being written in a
village dance hall where the column
I accompanied finally bivouaced
from midnight to daylight after
setting road blocks with tanks.
The division is commanded by
Maj. Gen. Maurice Rose. 1t spear
headed the original drive into Ger
many through Belgium and cut off
Evening star., 1945-04-01
Battle Of AnnihiIation
On Western Front
Rages al Paderborn
Cathedral City 100 Miles
Northeast Of Cologne
FocoI Point of Action
By HAL BOYLE.

WITH AMERICAN FORCES
OUTSIDE PADERBORN, Ger
many. Mar. 31.-A battle of
annihilation on the western
front is under way, with Ger
man troops, estimated to num-
ber scores of thousands, making
a panicky attempt to break out
of a vast pocket between the
Ruhr and Sieg Rivers. where the
forces of Marshal Montgomery
and Gen. Bradley have trapped
them.
Fierce fighting is flaming in the
outskirts of Paderborn, 100 miles
northeast Of Cologne, as the Nazis,
belatedly reused to their peril, bat
tie savagely to keep open the roads
leading to the northeast.
Paderborn, an ancient cathedral
town of $4,000 population, has be-
come the focal point of the entire
Western front because of its i'm
portance as road hub.
With American armor and in
fantry driving in from the south to,
the outskirts of Paderborn, the bot
tled-up Germans are fighting to
maintain this escape route to the
North German plains.
Throwing in Everything
They are fignting with everything
they have-dug-in infantry with
bazookas, self-propelled guns, tanks
mortars and artillery
Every German unit in the area has
been pitched into the battle, for the
German leaders now realize that loss
of Paderborn will cost them many
thousands of remaining troops as
the double-edged Allied pincers close
in.
Paderborn is vital because heavy
(See ROYI,E Page A-3)
Evening star., 1945-04-01
Soviet Position Causes Talk
OF Postponing Conference
StoIin's Insistence
OF LubIin Group
Presents Problem
BY CONSTANTINE BROWN.

High Washington officials are
discussing the wisdom of post
poning the San Francisco World
Security Conference, scheduled
to start on April 25, while further
attempts are being made to
Straighten out a situation which
steadily has become more in
volved since the Yalta Con-
ference.
The official and unofficial leaks
on what took place at Yalta in
clude the revelation that Premier
Stain showed little enthusiasm at
the conference for the creation al
this time of a world security or.
ganization.
He did not feel, it is said, that
world peace would benefit by for
nation of a large forum, such as
that proposed by President Roose-
welt and Prime Minister Churchill
(See RUSSIAN PAGE All
Evening star., 1945-04-01
Byrnes Loses
Fight for NyIons
After We Day
y the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
No, girls, victory in Europe will
not provide nylon stockings.
War Mobilization Director Byrnes
regretfully described to reporters
yesterday his effort to funnel nylon
into hosiery when the demand for
parachutes tapers off.
Il was told it was absolutely es-
sential for combat and automobile
tires-better than rayon," he said.
II thought there still might be some
left over
But they told me it was needed
for mosquito netting in the Pacific,
where cotton rots. I thought we
could provide that and still give the
ladies some.
Then they told me it must be used
for knapsacks instead of cotton
duck, because duck was so heavy.
Il retired. That was my fight for
nylon stockings"
Evening star., 1945-04-01

This copy of The Sunday
Star is an essential product in
bringing to you the news of
today.
1t remains an essential
product in the Double Wv
Waste Paper Salvage Cam
paign. v to speed victory-V
to aid veterans.
Save it and all other paper.
Evening star., 1945-04-01
Britain Expenses
Puss "a Billion
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, March 3l.-Ordinary
expenses for the British government
for the year ending today totalled
more than $24, ,231 1868, 900, the Treas
ury reported tonight.
It was the first time in Bri-
tain's history that expenses have
run above 6,OO0.000,000 pounds
($24, ,000, ,0O0, ,0OO).
Expenditures increased more than
81 ,000, ,0O0, 900 over last year and
made the deficit for the IL months
ending today more than $11.-
279, Ill, 900.
Evening star., 1945-04-01
Byrnes Reiterates Plan
To Quit When Nazis Beaten

War Mobilization Director James
F. Byrnes is standing by his earlier
announced determination to resign
when Germany is beaten, he told a
press conference yesterday.
Mr.. Byrnes had intended to return
to. private life after President
Roosevelt's reelection in November
but was prevailed on by the Chief
Executive to remain until the war
in Europe ends.
Il haven't changed my plans" he
said yesterday when asked if he
intended to stay on the job after
We day.
Evening star., 1945-04-01
Hitler Believed Usinq
Reich Army TO Protect
Mountain Hideaway
Keeping Of 20. Divisions
In ItoIy, Strong Defense
In South Germany Cited
BY JAMES M. LONG,


SUPREME ALLIED HEAD
QUARTERS, Paris, Mar. 31.-The
amazing German troop DISPOSE
tions on all fronts add hourly
to the belief that Hitler and his
Nazi gang have picked a last
mountain hideaway and have
begun the battle to protect it.
How else explain the tenacity of
the southern defense on both the
eastern and western fronts and the
use of 20 divisions in Italy-all on
roads that lead to the Bavarian
mountains and Berchtesgaden?
Reports reaching neutral coun-
tries said that the crumbling Reich's
seat of government already has
been moved to Berchtesgaden and
that Hitler, Himmler and all other
Nazi bigwigs are already there.
Gen. Eisenhower himself has
said this might be the Nazi plan
but that it would gain Nazi war
criminals nothing but little more
time.
Soviet Gains Cited.
That is becoming clear. The Rus
slams are hammering away through
Austria. less than 165 miles east of
Berchtesgaden, and the United
States 7th Army is less than 210
miles away on the northwest.
While the greater Reich crashes
about the ears of the German peo-
pie, Hitler-the man who led them
to the edge of this abyss-is hasten
ing the hour of their final reckon
ing by his shifting of troops.
At an hour when the Russians
first undermined the Nazis' Oder
River defenses only 30-odd miles
from Berlin, Hitler was reinforcing
his southeastern flank and slam
ming in counterattacks on the Hun
garian plain.
Southern Area Protected.
At an hour when Allied Armies
are rampaging unchecked into the
heart of Germany. the best organized
and most fanatical defense comes
on the southern sector of the front
| far from the lines which should be
protecting Berlin, the big ports and
the great industrial cities.
On the unprotected north front,
(See LONG. Page A-8)
Evening star., 1945-04-01

more deeply into
the very heart of
| Germany.
| The erm a n
government h a S
ceased to exercise
effective control
over wide areas.
The German high
command has lost
effective control
over many units,
large and small.
of the German
forces.
In t h e S e cir
cumstances, in or
der to avoid fur
ther unnecessary
b | 90 d shed and
sacrifice of human
life, the supreme
commander Of the
Allied expedition
ary forces has is
sued a series of
instructions.
hnrn 0rn tfN
Evening star., 1945-04-01
Byrnes TO End
Curfew, Racing
Ban on We Day
More Cos Promised;
Higher Taxes, Price
Controls to Remain
Summary of Report on Page A-12)
BY J. A. FOX.


The midnight entertainment
curfew and the ban on horse
racing will be discarded along
with some other "irritants to a
war-weary public" and a Slight
increase" in the basic allowance
of gasoline for private vehicles
likewise is in prospect when Ger
many is whipped, War Mobiliza-
ton Director Byrnes disclosed
last night.
Making his second quarterly re-
port TO President Roosevelt and
Congress which reviewed extensively
the situation on the war and home
fronts. the director also said that
within the limits of released re-
sources, the War Production Board
will facilitate preparations for
rapid reconversion, when the Nazis
are crushed.
In this connection, he said Army
requirements for munitions would
be cut between IS and 20 per cent
!. in the first three months after
We day, and about 40 per cent
within year after Germany falls.
More Civilian Raw Materials.
This reduction will be reflected
by the release within nine months
of about 80 per cent of the resources
now tied up in munitions produc-
ton, which means an increase in
the raw materials available for
civilian use. According to Mr..
Byrnes, this will about double the
amount of steel and other hard
goods available for civilian pur-
poses, raising it to a level Of ap-
! proximately $4,000, ,O0OOOO
The report said it is unlikely"
that more than 100000 war work.
ers will be displaced within six
months after We day.
But plans for the future were
tempered by Mr.. Byrnes' warning
that the date of the fall of Germany
: cannot be predicted even now.
r%though the end is in sight; that he
visions with profound sorrow" the
sacrifices that the defeat of Japan
will demand and that the manpower
Isituation is SO bad that it may be
necessary to resort to "dislodge-
: ment" to channel workers into
essential industry.
Will Not Eat as Well.
i. Further. the food situation in
r l945 will be less favorable than last
.year-"we will not eat as we'll"
| he said.
: The report repeats, too. what has
been said before in administration
circleS-that price, wage and ra-
tioning controls must be continued
|, after We day, as curb on inf1a-
. ton. as war spending alone still
will approximate 100000. .0O0,O 900 an
nually.
Predicting the removal of the
''irrltants.' which he defended as
necessary measures In mobilizing
for war" to save manpower, coal,
) transportation and other services,
| Mr.. Byrnes listed along with the
, racing ban and the curfew, the
''broWnout" of outdoor lighting,
some travel restrictions and reduc-
ton in heating public and private.
Saying they had been worth while,
:, he added:
These measures are emergency
measures. The demands upon trans
portation after We day may re-
: qulre the measure restricting travel
to be continued. 1t may be modi-
fed. The other conservation meas
ures should be withdrawn on We
day"
Expanding on the transportation
issue, Mr Byrnes said that railroad
freight as well as passenger service
would continue to be subject to
heavy demands
1T will still be necessary to fore
lSee BYRNES, Page A-6.1
Evening star., 1945-04-01

place by sending
an emissary to the
n e are S t Allied
command post
under the protec-
ton of a white
f ! a g. The sur
render must take
place in an order
ly manner and
W t h observance
of military disci-
pline.
3. Units out of
contact T e m a | n
under the COM
mand of their Of
ficers until further
orders. The units
are to be assem-
bled and COM
manding officers
remain response
bic for the disci-
pline and supply
of the troops un-
der t h ir CON-
mand until fur
Evening star., 1945-04-01
Benes Leaves Moscow

MOSCOW, Mar. 81 (P.-Presi-
dent Eduard Benes of Czechoslo-
vakia and members of his govern
ment left Moscow by special train
tonight. Mr.. Benes announced re-
Gently that the government would
be set up shortly in liberated
Kosice.
Evening star., 1945-04-01
British Food Situution
Is Called Serious
BY the Associated Press.

LONDON. Mar. 31.-The British
food situation rs more serious than
has yet been generally recognized"
ministry spokesman said today,
and Agriculture Minister r. S. Hud-
son has chosen Easter time to appeal
for volunteers to help in raising and
harvesting the 1945 crops.
Mr.. Hudson is asking for 100000
adults--more than twice the number
responding last year-and 100000
children over IL years old to 90 to
volunteer camps organized to help
farmers.
Evening star., 1945-04-01

4. Scattered units and individual
Wehrmacht personnel report to the
nearest Allied troop unit while OBJ
serving the customary signs of sur
render: ie., unarmed and without
helmet or web equipment. Collect
ing points are along the main high
ways and thoroughfares
Evening star., 1945-04-01

StructionS to members of the
Wehrmacht:
Soldiers of the German Wehr-
macht! To save yourself further
useless sacrifice, and loss of life, this
is what you must do:
/. Units in contact which no
longer receive orders from the Ger
man command are to cease hostil-