davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-28
farm LABORERS
FIGHT TO KEEP
HOUSING UNITS

WASHINGTON. D. c.-Nesro
and white farm laborers from the
Delmo Labor Homes project in
southeast Missouri appeared be.
fore the House Agricultural Com.
mittee last week in an effort 10
save their homes, according 10 an.
nouncement by H. L. Mitchell
president, Southern Tenant Farm.
ers' Union.
The s-eject was schedules 70
be sold. probably to nearby
plantation owners, by the Farm
Security Administration on July
"a.
THE COMMITTEE. under Rem
W. r. Poage. chairman, Texas. is
conducting hearings on H.R. 307I
This bill provides that the secre.
tary OF agriculture shall be au-
thorized 10 sell on long terms the
680 houses located in 10 commun-
tiles in southeast Missouri known
as the Delmo Labor Homes. 10
present residents and other farm
worker families who want 10 pur-
chase the houses. lots. and furni-
ture as homes OF their own. While
In Washington. the DELEGATION
called on the new secretary Of ar.
riculture. Clinton Anderson. 10
ask his aid.
IN THE MEANTIME. the Farm
Security Administration has ad-
vertised the project for sale a,
public auction on July "a Under
the advertised terms. the houses
are 10 be torn down and moved
by the purchasers and the COM
munities broken up. The Southern
Tenant Farmers Union. prominent
individuals. and liberal organiza.
tons throughout the state OF Mis-
souri, have aided the residents in
their hzht 10 preserve the Delmo
Labor Homes as family dwellings
Sharecroppers until Ave years
ago, these farm workers have
known their hrst freedom from
the exploitation OF planters since
the establishment OF the project
Sale OF the homes would break I'D
the project and destroy the bar.
gaining power OF farm workers
who because they have decen,
housing and live in normal COM
munities are able 10 secure better
wages on the nearby plantations.
Mr. Mitchell declared.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-28
WOUNDED TWICE:
FLINT SOLDIER HOME

.
the night. Be-
sides that scare,
we had 10 be
alert for enemy
2 an es which
were very num-
erous IN those
days"
Sgt. jam e s
Brandon. in an
interview with
a local Chron-
icle reporter re-
ar ing his
overseas expe-
riences, told OF
his sea sickness
I -. az
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-28
Virginia Liberal
In Governor Race

NEW YORK CITY - Moss A.
Plunkett, Roanoke. Va, attorney,
who was cited on the Workers De-
tense League Honor roll for Lead
ership in the fight against the poll
tax, especially in the attempt to
unseat poll tax Congressman by
enforcement of the us. Constitu-
ton, has entered the August pri.
mary as q candidate for the gov.
ernorship Of Virginia.
His fight against the poll tax
has been only one phase Of his
advocacy OF equality and justice
for all He has stood consistently
against discrimination. for equal
pay for all teachers and similar
democratic practices.
His opponent in the campaign ID
Gov. Colgate w. Darden, Jr.. who
will be remembered for his failure
TO commute the death sentence Of
sharecropper Odell Waller. despite
appeals from some leading citizens
Of the United States.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-28

AZ "
H e b r ides. in.
GLIDING o tn er
action in the S.
Pacific. He has
a total Of ll6
points. The SER
geant is a grad
uate Of Flint
N o I hern and
was a good sth-
lete. His BROTH
er. Pfc. Arthur.
also a Film I
Northern stu
dent, has been
o v e r seas two
years with a
Q u a rtermaster
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-28

To raise the nap on wool blankets,
clean. stiff whisk broom is recom-
mended. but the brushing must DO
done after the blanket Is thoroughly
dry. Wool Is weak when wet and
must be handled carefully. When
dry. brushing will not damage the
and fluning the surface VIII
add much 10 its warmth.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-28
ROBS CAB DRIVER

Charles Goolsey. 26. Of PTS
Sherman street. a cab driver. told
police that he had picked up fare
and was help UP and robbed OF
ten dollars by the armed man last
week.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-28

Peaches Will he plentiful, IN ~ar-
kes IN many parts OF the country IN
early August. Potatoes also are ex-
pected 10 be IN good supply general
". Now tha, the new crop OF south
ern potatoes has started 20 market.
the slight shortages IN some areas
have been eased.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-28
IsMoNTHs OVERSEAS

Roosevelt; Claughton,s husband Of
Anna Clsughton. Of $50 East Han
cock. Detroit, has recently COM
pleted fifteen months OF overseas
duty.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-28

friends in Phil
adelphia. Pa.
EN- ROUTE
Mr.. and Mrs.
r. Thomas. Bat
tie Creek, were
in Flint recent
ly en- route TO
their home. The
Thomases h a d
been visiting a
brother, Mr.. p
Thomas of st.
Aubin in De-
troit for a few
days.
IN ST. LOUIS
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-28

Trucking unit. The father. Will
liam Dunkling, sisters. Mrs. Emma
Grant. Mrs. Carrie Peterson, all
reside at 1895 Hickory.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-28

Mrs. Reby Coleman OF New Or.
leans, La. is visiting her sister.
Mrs. Luella Ramos. OF 1855 Belle.
vue. Mrs. Coleman will remain in
the city for two weeks.
Evening star., 1945-07-07
Polish Envoy Refuses
To Back New Regime

Declaring that the Polish govern
ment in exile in London is still the
"only legal Polish government" !"
Ambassador John Ciechanowski de-
clared today he would not carry out
any functions or duties which might
be considered as executed in behalf
of the new Warsaw regime which
has been recognized by the United
States and Great Britain.
The Ambassador told news con-
ference he intended personally to
vacate the embassy property here in
the near future, but that he would
not turn it over officially to a repre-
sentative of Warsaw. Explaining
that the situation of his embassy was
without precedent, Mr.. Ciechanowski
declined to predict or tell how the
property would be handled.
In a personal statement he said
the Polish people would never cease
to fight for their traditions of ''in-
dividual and national freedom. !"
After broadly implying that the
present Warsaw regime had been
saddled on the Polish people by
the Big Three against their will,
he added:
They will never accept any sys-
tenn of government contrary to
these principles and imposed upon
them by any foreign power or group
Of powers"
Evening star., 1945-07-07
Australians Driving
Toward Borneo's
Rich Oil Fields
Docks at Bolikpopon
Secured; Jops Killed
At Rutio of 13 TO |.
BY the Associated Press.

MANILA, July 7.-Australian
troops, killing japanese at the
ratio of Is to /, today struck for
Southeastern Borneo's richest
oil fields after a whirlwind five
day invasion thrust that con-
quered Balikpapan, it's vital
harbor and two supporting air
bases.
The invasion's first phase ended
Thursday with rapierlike drive
across the bay 3 miles northwest
OF Balikpapan which knocked out
gun positions that might have
harassed free use of Balikpapan's
excellent port.
With their backs to Borneo's
fearsome jungles, the japanese fall
ing back toward the big Sambodja
and Samarinda oil fields northeast
of Balikpapan had the unpleasant
prospect of meeting head-hunting
Dyaks and venomous snakes when
ever they desert the coast for the
unexplored interior.
Associated Press Correspondent
Russell Brines said the Australians
had plowed into some of the strong
est Japanese defenses in the South
west Pacific when they stormed
ashore just east of Balikpapan.
In five Gays they seized Seping-
gang and Manggar Airflelds and the
port of Balikpapan itself.
With the docks secured, the Aus
tralians then moved west across
the waters of Balikpapan Bay,
travelling in amphibious tanks and
landing craft manned by American
fighting men.
Mr.. Brines SAID that in the Balik-
papan operation to date, casualties
might we'll have equaled those on
bloody Two Jima in view of the
stout enemy defenses, but they had
been limited to 214 Australian dead,
420 wounded and % missing.
The japanese nave lost 3,031
dead and 274 prisoners in all Borneo
operations, including those on the
Evening star., 1945-07-07
Sub Saves 2o Flyers
Off Coast Of Japan
By the Associated Press.

bS tat AsoOClatcu EACoSs
GUAM, July IA submarine skip
per and a B-29 group commander
yesterday joined in describing ex-
ploits in which a single submarine
rescued 20 flyers from waters of
Japan in six days.
With one more man picked ur
earlier on its f1ve-week patrol, the
submarine, skippered by Comdr,
Hiram Cassidy, Brookhaven, Miss,
amassed a record rescue total OF
30-and then took aboard 20 more
flyers from another submarine for
the packed journey back to
base.
Leaving its daylight demolition
bombing target, the B-29 was hit
by 120-mm. antiaircraft shell.
Steadily losing altitude, the plane
headed out to sea, searching for
a friendly vessel.
The B-29 was named the City
of Galveston. Its radio was out.
1t. Robert L. Spaulding, Eagle Rock,
Calf, and 1t. John H. Pulley, Jack
son, Tenn, brought their planes
over the City of Galveston to pro-
tect her. 1t. Spaulding located q
submarine and guided the crippled
B-29 toward it.
The Super Fort crew bailed out,
and the plane quickly crashed in
the water and exploded.
Evening star., 1945-07-07
u. S. Concerns Plants in Reich
Reported Stripped by Russians
Machinery Lying in Berlin Stations Awaiting
Shipment, c. of c. OfficioI Declares

representative of General Motors
and associated with other, American
firms, had been held incommuni-
cado for the last eight weeks be-
cause he opposed the Russians in
dismantling the Opel plant.
Personally, Mr.. Dunning has been
treated respectfully by the Russians
who also allowed the American
Chamber of Commerce Offices to re-
main intact. He said he was on
friendly terms with local Soviet
commandants who were courteous
and told him they wanted to help
but were bound by instructions.
The Chamber of Commerce secre-
tary is probably the only American
who lived in Germany as an enemy
through two world wars. His wife
was an invalid in 1941 when Ger
many declared war on the United
States. The Cummings passports
were extended by the State Depart
ment, working through the Swiss
Legation.
Mr.. Dunning said the Nazis ar
rested him once in September, 1912,
but freed him after eight days.
He has lost 40 pounds and appeared
emaciated.
At present. he said. 95 per cent
OF Berlin residents are suffering
from dysentery and the water is
badly polluted.
I'm the subway, from the Anhalter
to Stettin stations" Mr.. Dunning
declared, there is now water instead
of open tunnels and hundreds of
bodies still float around. The Spree
River stinks from decaying bodies. +"
Evening star., 1945-07-07
Yonks Hang Jap Spies Seeking
MucArthur's Headquarters

Most of the japanese were former
civilian residents of Manila who
were taken into the enemy's military
before the American invasion of
Luzon.
The spies also were instructed to
obtain the location of military OBJ.
jectives and to find out the current
value of the yen.
The espionage center itself was
moved toward LuZon's hills as the
Americans advanced.
One officer said none of the spies
was believed to have returned to
the japanese with any information.
Usually they did not even reach
Manila. Some of those picked up
later said they were sent out be-
cause the earlier spies had never
returned.
The japanese spies insisted their
lives already were forfeited when
they accepted the mission and they
refused to worry about death sem
tences. Instead they said they were
happy to be alive as long as they
were.
Evening star., 1945-07-07
BY LOUIS p. LOCHNER,
Associated Press War Correspondent.

BERLIN, July Arthur E.
Dunning of Bath, Me-, secretary
of the American Chamber of
Commerce in Germany, said to-
day that great concerns owned
by American interests had been
stripped of their machinery dur
ing the Russian occupation of
the German areas in which the
plants were situated.
National Casn Register, Frigid-
aire, Ford, Opel (owned by General
Motors, Hollerith (owned by Inter-
national Business MachineO, Singer,
Mix and Genest, and Woolworth all
have been raided," Mr.. Dunning de-
clared in an interview.
I'm many cases, delicate precision
instruments we're involved which
are now lying around in Berlin rail-
way stations awaiting shipment.
Some of these needed to be kept on
certain even temperature which,
of course, was impossible if they lie
exposed outdoors. Much of this
machinery, in my opinion, is now
junk"
Mr.. Dunning estimated the value
of American holdings throughout
Germany at $200,O00,000. He said
virtually all of the plants were COM
PEELED to do work for Adolf Hitler's
war machine, once war with the
United States started.
Mr.. Dunning further asserted that
a German attorney, Heinrich Rich
ter, who, in peacetime, was legal
Evening star., 1945-07-07
Photomuruls Draw
34,833 Visitors
During First Week

Senator Thomas, Democrat, of
Utah yesterday called attention
of the Senate to the exhibition
of German atrocity pictures at
the Library of Congress and the
War Department motion pic
lures which will resume show
ings at public schools Monday.
Speaking from the Senate floor,
Senator Thomas declared there was
great public interest in this ex-
hibit, and in the subject depicted"
He explained that the exhibition
had opened with formal program
at the Library Of Congress last Sat-
urday, where he and other speakers
had explained the atrocities in Ger
man concentration camps. Senator
Thomas was one of several members
Of Congress who visited Europe at
the Invitation Of Gen. Eisenhower
and saw the results of Nazi atroci-
ties.
At the request of Chairman
(Sec ATROCITIES, Page A-2J
Evening star., 1945-07-07
Truman, Byrnes
Won't Travel
On Same Plane

President Truman and Secretary
of State James F. Byrnes viii not
use the same plane if they do any
travelling by air in connection with
the forthcoming meeting of the Big
Three, it was said at the White
House today.
The arrangement for separate
travel was disclosed by Eben Ayers
assistant press secretary, who ex-
planned, however, that he was not
committing himself as to whether
the President and his cabinet aide
would use planes on the trip which
will take them to Berlin.
The question became of interest
because of the presidential success
sion law under which Secretary OF
the Treasury Morgenthau, who has
resigned. would succeed to the presi-
dency in event anything happened
to Mr.. Truman and the Secretary
Of State, who is next in line.
Evening star., 1945-07-07
Vinson Named
Treasury Head
President
New Cabinet Member
Made House Record
As Toxution Authority

Fred M. VinSon, who earned a
reputation as an authority on
taxation in IA years in Congress,
is to be the new Secretary of the
Treasury.
Now director of war mobiliza-
tion after earlier service in the
House, on the Federal bench, as
director of economic stabilization,
and briefly, as Federal loan adj
ministrator, Mr.. Vinson, a Kentuck-
ian, was named late yesterday by
President Truman to succeed Henry
Morgenthau, jr.
The change will not become ef-
fective until after Mr.. Truman re-
turns from the Big Three con-
ference some weeks hence.
Ickes to Remain.
In announcing the Morgenthau
resignation Thursday evening, Presi-
dent Truman said he had a suc-
cessor in mind, but would not make
his choice known until after the
Big Three meeting. Mr.. Wilson's
name at once began to top the list
of potential choices in the specula-
ton over the vacancy, and shortly
after S o'clock yesterday President
Truman permitted the formal an
nouncement
Mr.. Vinson will be the sixth new
member of the cabinet, leaving as
Roosevelt holdovers only the Secre-
Evening star., 1945-07-07
Eden's Son, 20, Missing
In Plane in Burma
Ry the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, July 7.-Sergt. Simon
Eden, eldest son of Foreign Secre-
tary Anthony Eden, was reported
missing today on an operational
flight in Burma.
The Air Ministry said the British
aircraft on which he was flying
as a crew member has been un-
reported for several days.
Sergt. Eden, 20, trained in Canada
as a navigator with the RAF after
attending Eton.
The Air Ministry reported INC
developments" in the search for a
missing RAF Liberator bringing a
Foreign Office group home from the
San Francisco Conference. Airplanes
continued to scan wide reaches OF
the Atlantic for the plane, which
left Montreal Tuesday. The pas
sengers included Sir william NAL
kin, legal adviser to the foreign
Office; two other British officials and
six woman employees.
The searching planes sighted five
crewmen of a missing Canadian Air
Force plane. The men were rescued
from rubber boats and returned to
their Newfoundland base.
Evening star., 1945-07-07
Churchill Leaves London
For Vacation in France
Nv the Associated Press.

BY the ASSoclatee Press.
LONDON, July THE British
government announced that Prime
Minister Churchill, accompanied by
Mrs. Churchill, departed today for
Southern France where he hopes
to have a few days rest before at
tending the Berlin Conference"
The last six weeks have been
strenuous for the Prime Minister
He conducted bitter election cam
paign and attended to many of the
duties of Foreign Secretary An
thony Eden, who is ailing.
The announcement from No. II
Downing street said the French gov.
ernment had been consulted on the
visit which lis purely of private
character"
Evening star., 1945-07-07
House Group Opens
Probe Into Charges
OF Trick Tax SwindIe
Boren Says Big Firms
Have Found LoophoIes
In Holding Compony Low

BY the Associated Press.
A House group today began an
investigation of charges that
"shrewd manipulators" in Wall
street had worked out a trick
corporation plan" which would
Swindle taxpayers.
Chairman Boren of a House Com.
merce subcommittee yesterday an.
nounced the investigation of activi-
ties which he termed "Swindle, Inc.
In House speech he said some
Wall Street bankers and corpora
tions had found legal loopholes" in
holding company legislation which is
offering them a bonanza that
dwarfs the swag of Teapot Dome"
Sees Biggest Raid Ever.
Chairman Lea of the Commerce
Committee told a reporter he hao
named Mr.. Boren and Representa-
tives Murphy, Democrat, of Penn
sylvania and Reece, Republican, OF
Tennessee to make the investiga-
tionS-With a view to recommends
tions for Tightening up the Holding
Company Act of 1895, under which
private utility companies function.
Mr.. Boren told the House that
unless this is done I'VE will help
lessly witness what undoubtedly will
be the biggest raid on the Fed
Grad Treasury ever dreamed up by
mind of man."
Describing the trick corporation
PLAN" Mr.. Boren said:
tits simple scheme: Wall
Street bankers would convert the
SIS, 200, 100000 private utility indus
try to form of tax-free but fake
public ownership by the formation
of 'nonprofit' corporations. These
corporations then issue bonds
against the revenue of the property
But the bankers in estimating an
nual revenue to determine the
amount of bonds that can be issued
(See WALL STREET. Page A-2)
Evening star., 1945-07-07
Tax Aid for Business
Faces Delay in Senate
Until Vote on Charter
Bill Involving 5 Billion
Passed by House TO
Promote Reconyersion

ouse-approved changes that
would make about $500, ,000, 900
available to business during the
reconverSion period may have to
await ratification of the United
Nations Charter before going
through the Senate.
without disturbing Individual or
corporation income tax rates, the
measure nevertheless would ease the
swingback to peacetime production
by a more liberal exemption from
excess profits taxes, and by speed
ing up postwar rebates already pro-
vided by law. The bill passed the
House late yesterday, 245 to 81.
Chairman Connally of the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee, who
is a member of the Finance Com
mittee, said he did not know when
the tax bill will be taken up. He
said he was interested in getting
the United Nations Charter through
the Senate first of ALL
H0uSc heJectS tT0pOSai.
Congressional tax leaders previ-
ously had hoped that the bill might
go to the White House before any
summer recess is taken by Congress.
The House turned down, 100 to 95
proposal to reduce excess profits
taxes by s235 100000 this yeal
through a retroactive increase tt
last January of exemptions under
the excess profits tax.
However, the bill provides thai
the excess profits exemption shall
be boosted from $4,000 to SIS, ,00(
for the tax year beginning next Jan.
uary /, cutting excess profits pay.
ments next year by approximately
$160, 900 900.
Other improvements to the cash
position of business, intended to aio
reconversion. would be accomplished
by speeding up postwar rebates ano
refunds on excess profits and other
tax provisions already stipulated ir
present law.
Opponents charged that the legis-
AdGlOll SuIS IlicIOll VI IlllllOIlS
of dollars for some railroads and
benefits those who made excess
profits out of the war"
Cash Position Citef.
Proponents argued the revisions
were needed to improve the cash
position of business as a boost to
reconversion.
The controversy centered prin-
cipally on proposal by Representa-
tive Slaughter, Democrat, of Mis-
souri, to make the excess profits
exemption increase retroactive, and
a provision in the bill that would
let reorganized railroad, operating
under a new charter, retain the tax
base which its preceding corporation
had before reorganization.
While the Slaughter amendment
was defeated, the House could dc
nothing about the railroad pro-
vision, since the procedure under
which the bill was considered per-
mitted only separate vote on the
Slaughter proposal.
The railroad issue probably will
(See TAXES, Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1945-07-07
By the Associated Press.

MANILA, July THE Japa-
nese sent spies into Manila after
the capitals liberation with in
|structions to determine the loca-
ton of Gen. MacArthur's head
quarters, and a dozen of them
were caught and hanged in June,
military authorities disclosed
today.
One officer said the spies insisted
they were given no instructions for
any action against the American
commander, but only to find where
he was living.
One Filipino also was hanged. All
were caught in civilian clothes. Some
had hand grenades and written in
structions. They were arrested by
the counterrintelligence corps as
they entered Manila and were con-
demned by military court on pleas
of guilty.
Offlcers refused to disclose details
of how the spies were apprehended,
but they described the enemy's
methods as crude.
Evening star., 1945-07-07
Huge Deposits by kazis
Denied by Swiss Banks
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
BERN, July THE Swiss Bank
ing Association yesterday denied
that Swiss banks had accepted huge
German deposits to finance third
world war.
For a long time Swiss bankers
have placed the greatest restrictions
on acceptance of foreign funds" the
association said.
The prepared statement was is
sued after Orvis Schmidt. director
of the United States Treasury's For
eign Funds Control Division, testi-
fled before Senate Military Affairs
Subcommittee in Washington that
Germany was prepared to finance
war making underground through
financial resources hidden abroad.
Schmidt told the subcommittee
that Swiss banking laws provided
the Nazis with a convenient cloak
for their Vaccinations, and asserted
that there has been an open invi-
tation to Germans to utilize Swiss
facilities to conceal their assets
throughout the world"