davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-10-19

TOKYO-AP - All restaurants
and drinking places in Tokyo have
been placed out Of bounds for
American service men after mill
tary police found generally unsani-
tary conditions in the establish
ments.
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-10-19

See sTRIKEs-Page S
The Ypsilanti daily press. (Ypsilanti, Mich.) 1928-1962, 1945-10-19
Studio Strikes

With a call for Immediate term
ination" of the Hollywood Strike
already sounded by the powerful
Evening star., 1945-06-20
New Offer to Indio

Britain'S new proposal to India
appears to be sincere attempt to
break the political deadlock that has
prevailed in the latter country ever
since the rejection of the Cripps
offer three years ago. Although it's
acceptance by the mutually hostile
Indian factions is problematical. the
proposal itself is we'll timed, coming
as it does Immediately after the AL
lied triumph in Europe and the ejec-
ton of the japanese from Burma,
thereby ending the invasion threat
to India itself. Leopold Amery, Sec
retary for India, stressed the factor
of heightened British prestige when
he remarked in his explanation of
the new offer that mo one can re-
gard these proposals as concessions
wrung from us in the hour of weak
ness. They are offered in the hour
OF victory as recognition of our
goodwill to India"
In substance, the offer may be
considered as an extension of the
CrippS plan, in acceleration as well
as scope. The Cripps proposal re-
tanned large measure of British
participation in the Executive Coun-
Gil under the viceroy and adjourn
ment of the question of Dominion
status for India until after the war.
The new offer Indianizes all port
folios in the Executive Council ex-
cept that for war and virtually ad-
mits Dominion status by proposing
Indian diplomatic representation
throughout the world on a par with
that now exercised by the self-gov-
erning Dominions of the Empire.
The one prerequisite is that the
offer be accepted by the chief politi-
cal groups in India, especially the
Hindu dominated Congress party
and the Moslem League.
That, Of course, is precisely the
rock on which the Cripps plan and
all other proposals have split. And
Britain takes the position that it
cannot relinquish responsibility un-
til an authority appears capable of
speaking for India as a whole. Mean
while, the chief leaders of the Con-
gress party, imprisoned for the last
three years for activities deemed
Evening star., 1945-06-20
Urges Remaining Warm Spring.
Practical Memorial

To the Editor Of The Star:
This clipping is worth quoting in The
Star. 1t is taken from a recent Walter
Reed Hospital paper and strikes true
note:
From local papers and the one my
wife sends me from home I see where
memorials to soldiers and sailors and
heroes in this war are being planned.
Big statues are going to be built; traffic
circles will be constructed and named
after some guy who did big job in this
war. They will be beautiful and also
very expensive. Some Of them will cost
million dollars. Doesn't it seem STU
pid? Why take millions of dollars now
and build beautiful and unnecessary
monuments to men who fought for
something more than a marble statue?
mo monument will ever be built to
me, but this is what I should think
would be best. How about these slums
we have? Why not take and build
small medical center in the middle OF
them II money can't be raised to erect
one small group of homes? At least
that would reduce some of the misery
there, and to name it after some SOL
dier-the Pvt. John Smith Medical Gen.
ter-would be more of tribute and
used, not ignored, like statue. Or else
make q playground in honor OF some
body, where kids could be kept of
the streets. Or set up some educational
fund. That's practical and to me beau
tiful. Take it for what it's worth"
MRS. GREEN.
Evening star., 1945-06-20
Rooms for War Workers

The War Housing Center's appeal
for rooms in private homes to house
incoming war workers will come as
surprise to many Washingtonians.
But 1t is merely another form Of
disillusionment for those who have
thought that We day would begin
to ease the pressure, in Washington
and elsewhere.
AS matter of fact, as pointed out
in Star articles publicizing the pres
ent serious condition, demand for
housing seems to be increasing
rather than diminishing. The War
Department alone is bringing in
fifteen hundred new employees in
June and is expecting another thou
sand in July. Some fourteen hun
dred were housed in private homes
during May. And the War Depart
ment is merely one agency faced
with the problem of providing living
accommodations for new employees.
When this same problem became
acute in the early days of the war,
publicity regarding the need for
rooms brought a response in offers
from home owners which went far
to solve it. Perhaps the present
appeal will accomplish the same
thing. There are thousands of
rooms in private homes which would
be available II the owners realized
the nature Of the present emergency
and were persuaded that the need is
genuine.
Offering them for rent, of course,
may involve far more than a mere
business transaction with a tenant.
1t may mean some sacrifice on the
part Of the home owner, in con-
venience and privacy, that is not
Offset by the rent. But the situation
seems to be serious enough to war
rant an appeal in the name of the
war effort. If you have a spare
room, its rental to a war worker will
be a patriotic as we'll as a friendly
act,
Evening star., 1945-06-20

his plea that the delayed meeting should
take place within the next few days
In order to dispel the doubts about
Jankowski's security which in all likeli-
hood prevented the earlier meeting Col.
Pimienov assured the Polish leader on
his word as an officer of the Red Army"
that your fate will from now on~b be
In my hands and that upon your arrival
at our headquarters in Pruszkow you
will be absolutely safe" The letter
ended with these words Il count on an
early meeting and send you my respects
and ask you to inform me OF your
decision"
After conferring with his colleagues
and the underground national council,
Jankowski is reported to have wirelessed
London on March Is of his decision to
meet Gen. Ivanov. The Polish govern
ment in exile, after consulting the Brit
ish Foreign Office, advised the under
ground leaders to use their own judg-
ment and on March q they went to
the headquarters of the 1st White
Russian Army.
What happened after that date is
matter of conjecture According to Pol
plane to go to London but were urged
to go to Moscow first. Eventually they
were placed in trucks and sent to the
Russian capital, where discriminating
documents are said to have been found
in their possession. Their arrest fol-
lowed. Whether the letter from the
NKVD chief, which could be construed
as a safe conduct pledge, covered the
m q 0f thn In1a L.
known at this time. 1t is also not yet
clear whether the guarantee" mem
toned by Col. Pimienov which appar-
emily had been given If the meeting
occurred within the next few days"
still held good after three weeks
1t is assumed, however that the men,
, bers of the Polish underground, who
since 1889 had escaped detection of the
German Gestapo. would not come out
OF their hiding places if they had not
been confident that they had the neces-
sary assurances of safety.
From the international point Of view
the trial Of the l6 Poles is considered
more important than the famous 1896
purge case. The followers of Leon
Trotsky who were brought before the
military tribunal were mostly Russian
subjects and, without exception, all
were members Of the Communist party
They knew the strict party discipline
and the penalties.
The men who stand before the bar
OF the Russian court-martial today are
the citizens Of a sovereign state and
underground members of the govern
ment Of that state. Unless the court
martial proceedings prove definitely
that they have harmed the cause of
the Allies. represented in Poland by
the Red armies, 1t is dif1icult to con-
ceive how they can be severely pun
ished for their political attitude
Evening star., 1945-06-20
Eisenhower as a Statesman
Bv Rav,n ond Moiey

for this great and responsible position
are revealed by what he has SHOWN
above and beyond his duties as a mill
involved dealing not only with military
units, but with governments and polit-
ical factions, as we'll His dealings.
what is more, were with problems OF
craftsmanship in their most sensitive
and aggravated form. From Africa to
Berlin, he had statesmen and quasi
statesmen to handle Consider the
long list of French, italian. Arabic,
Belgian and British of all sorts. The
record is superb.
In dealing with a coalition, Eisen-
hover showed the ability to merge
nationalities in a common cause, with
perhaps less friction than has ever be-
fore existed in such an enterprise
People on his joint boards, committees
and staffs submerged their national
prejudices in a truly remarkable way.
X
OF his capacity to make himself un-
derstood through written and spoken
discourse, there can be no doubt. His
speeches are not merely canned utter
ances, a type with which Americans are
familiar. The text of his long press
conference at Paris shows that he can
speak like statesman, without pre-
meditation and on his own. His con-
ception OF freedom of speech and of
the press was made clear in a note
worthy letter to the American Society
of Newspaper Editors in January. He
can be firm, even though, without ran
cor. The next Secretary Of State must
deal with governments. notably Russia,
in which military figures will have an
enormous influence. Eisenhower can
speak the language OF such govern
ments, and they will like it and like him.
This country cannot afford to let this
gifted man rust in honored but i'm
modified glory,
Evening star., 1945-06-20

seditionist, are released and invited
to confer with the Viceroy in the
near future. 1t is interesting to note
that the veteran spokesman for the
Congress party, Mahatma Gandhi,
released from imprisonment some
time ago on grounds of i'll health,
disclaims further leadership, declar-
ing his intention to step aside and
let his colleagues take up the
thread" in the formulation of Con-
gress policy. That policy continues
to be a demand for immediate in
dependence under Congress direc-
ton and control. But that is pre-
cisely what the Moslem League, the
low-caste Hindu "untouchables" and
minor Indian groups declare they
will never tolerate. 1ndias political
problem remains the search for
unity. And that is something which
Britain can not supply.
Evening star., 1945-06-20
General Buckner

The death in action of Lieutenant
General Simon Bolivar Buckner,
junior, is doubly tragic because it
came so near the victory which
within a few days will mark the
successful end of our most costly
campaign in the Pacific. The gen.
eral was watching the beginning
OF that end. He had predicted that
1t would be over within a few days
and today's news indicates the
accuracy of his prophesy. Soldier
that he was, he would have asked
for no more honorable a death than
that which found him at the front
among his men and which has left
him among so many of his brave
comrades.
1t would be foolish at this time
for any one to attempt Judgment
on the execution of the Okinawa
campaign, which has lasted eighty
days and has lost to us perhaps as
many as $4,000 in killed. If there
had been a less costly method of
reaching the same objective, it is
inconceivable that it would not have
been chosen. For decisions on
strategy are seldom those of one
man, but of many men and they are
not based always on what these men
would prefer to do but on what they
must do with what they have. But
one thing is certain and beyond dis
pute, and that is that, given a job
to do the hardest way, General
Buckner was qualified in every way
to carry it out.
To him, at least, there was no
disillusionment In the nature of the
Okinawa campaign. He knew the
nature of the enemy and the fact
that the only way to defeat him is
to kill him, the only way to reach
him is to 60 after him. Some years
ago he spoke of the fact that the
laas ct . few thousand men in a
Evening star., 1945-06-20
y. This Changing World
By Constantine Broyn

The strict Russian censorship has not
permitted the filing Of a complete pic
ture of the trial OF the 16 Polish under
ground leaders In Moscow, certain Of
ficial Washington quarters say. The l6
Poles disappeared under mysterious
circumstances on March u and are
now being tried on charges of sabotage
and high treason against the Soviet
armies of liberation.
In high American quarters there is
still strong belief that the trial may
end in some light sentences. The matter
Of these arrested Poles, at least one of
whom went to the headquarters of the
lst White Russian Army under a safe
conduct agreement, is said to have been
f''e"1'Ssed bv President Truman's special
envoy, Harry Hopkins, with Premier
=, aim personally.
The American and British govern
ments have adopted the attitude that
while conceding that Poland is in the
Russian sphere of influence, the oues-
ton of the accused men who we're rep
resenting the Polish government in ex-
lie during the years of German occupa-
ton is one of international interest, at
least until q government is formed in
Poland that is recognized by all the
Allies
1t is now being revealed from reliable
quarters that the decision of the Is
Polish leaders to come out from their
hiding places and meet with the Rus
sian authorities was based on letter
written to j. S. Jankowski, a member OF
the underground government by Col.
Pimienov, the head of the NKVD tRus-
sian Secret and Security Police in
Poland
On March 6. this officer, who holds a
highly responsible position In the Red
Army, wrote suggesting a meeting be-
tween Jankowski and the commander of
the lst Army, Col. Gen. Ivanov, at the
army headquarters at Pruszkow, about
20 miles west of Warsaw. He stated that
the suggestion of such meeting the
tremendous importance of which could
not be explained in a necessarily short
letter would meet with Jankowski' s
approval
Col. Pimienov added that a meeting
with Gen. Ivanov should pave the way
for an accord on matters which other
wise would be difficult to settle. 1t
should be remembered that at that
time the Committee of Three named at
Yalta to establish the Polish government
OF National Unity, was In session.
The head of the NKVD said further
that such a meeting might avoid a
crisis.
1t appears that an earlier attempt by
the Russian Army security services to
bring about meeting with the Polish
underground had failed, since Col
Pimienov mentioned how very regret
table it was that the date originally set
by Gen. Ivanov had already passed.
But he expressed the hope that the
commander in chief of the White Rus
sian Army would take into consideration
Evening star., 1945-06-20

japanese invasion might save the
lives OF millions later on, by ending
possibility OF another war with
Japan. Okinawa's losses may yet
prove to have been light in COM
parison with the Importance of what
has been gained. At that, they were
less than fifth of the enemy's. A
fine man, a gallant soldier, General
Buckner's name will always rank
high among our leaders who have
made final victory certain.
Evening star., 1945-06-20

war knows that in war the threat Of
separate humiliation tends to hold
allies together; he hopes we can find 4
peace nobler incentive to produce the
same unity. He sees the United Nations
strong, but considerate, humane and
understanding leaders in the world to
preserve the peace he is winning"
We. are accustomed to hear such
words spoken by statesmen and scholars,
but from a soldiers lips they come with
added emphasis. Standing before the
Congress Of the United States, Gen.
Eisenhower personified the military
power Of this great people, the power
that was sent forth from the shores
of the New World to redress the balance
of the old-because the New World
could no longer afford to ignore the
dangers inherent in q lack of balance
In the Old.
Returning In triumph. he points out
to US the bitter cost at which that
triumph was brought, he warns that
the conditions which compelled us to
send him and 5000 900 other Americans
into the heart OF Europe will recur
unless they are prevented from re-
CuITlIlS, Ile dSkSs us 10 40 LIlOSc Things
which will forestal the need for q
like sacrifice being demanded of our
children generation hence.
1t will be we'll indeed If we recognize
now that we shall need in the councils
of our Nation the wisdom and the
experience of our soldiers as well as
of our statesmen and our scholars.
Never again can military considerations
be considered as secondary in the FORM
ulation of American policy. Foreign
affairs and military affairs must. be
weighed together, judiciously balanced
and adjusted, If the primary object Of
security is to be attained.
We know now that we cannot be
secure by our own unaided efforts;
that we shall be secure only In q world
made secure from war by our efforts
combined with the efforts of others of
like interest; that our diplomacy must
indeed be directed toward maintaining
close and confident relations with our
great associates. but that the degree
of respect which is attached to that
diplomacy will be directly contingent
on the amount of power which we
are prepared to contribute to the COM
mon need, and our readiness and will
inSness to use that power.
(coDyright, lp46J
Evening star., 1945-06-20
Voice of the Soldier
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

It is not proving easy for Americans
to adjust themselves in thought and in
spirit to the fact that they are now
living in world in which their relation
ships with other great nations are
primarily power relationships, in which
their influence upon affairs is de-
pendent on their ability to support
their interests and their wishes by
armed force.
A long detachment, due to geograph-
ical accident, from the eternal quarrels
of the old world" has been drilled into
most of us in childhood as the God
given inheritance of the American
people. We liked that detachment,
we were happy while it endured, and
we wish, most of US, that We had 1t back
again. But it is gone forever, destroyed
by those very scientific and technical
advances to which We have ourselves SO
greatly contributed.
These are facts which have to be
recognized once We put our minds on
them. Yet because they are distasteful
facts, many Of us try to pretend that
they do not exist: we resent them; we
seize eagerly on every excuse to cling
to the old ways, the old ideas, the old
AOPCo tIldI SoAACAlOW tl1C WOIlQ Will pass
us by and let us alone.
Perhaps 1t Is . lingering remnant
of this political nostalgia that Is re-
sponsible for the somewhat surprised
tone of the Nations press in its recep-
ton of Gen. Eisenhowers emphasis on
a lasting peace as the one worthwhile
fruit of his victories. The surprise was
mingled with admiration and applause
the words that the general spoke will
be long remembered, they will be even
longer remembered and more carefully
weighed because they were spoken by
4 soldier.
As We listened. we were again re-
minded that hereafter our foreign policy
must be primarily military policy; that
the primary object Of that policy Is
the security Of the United States; and
that in . world Of long-range aircraft,
rockets and robot bombs, security is to
be had only at the price Of using our
power to see to 1t that there Is no more
war
We we're reminded that there Is no
safety for any Of us as long as it is
possible for the power to break the peace
to accumulate in evil or irresponsible
/ hands. We were told in blunt and
soldierly words that the soldier Of this
Evening star., 1945-06-20
Crisis In BELGIUM

oelSluul s waxing internal CTlSlS
has been rendered much more acute
by King Leopold's announcement
that he rejects all suggestions of alb
dication and intends to return to
Belgium as sovereign. This decision
not only precipitates controversy
over the royal succession which
might involve the fate of the dyn-
asty itself; it also threatens to split
the Belgium people along lines of
race, language, culture and religion
that could conceivably disrupt the
country'S national unity.
Belgium is a composite country.
It's population Of about 100000 is
composed almost equally of Flem-
ings and Walloons. The Flemings are
close kin to the Dutch, from which
they are barely distinguishable in
speech and basic culture. They in
habit the northern half of Belgium,
adjacent to the Netherlands. The
Walloons inhabit Southern Belgium,
adjacent to France; speak French
and pride themselves on their
French culture. The linguistic line
is sharp across Belgium and has
varied little through centuries. Each
element jealousy maintains its
identity and insists upon parity; so
Belgium is, nationally, a bilingual
country. In addition, the Flemings
tend to be conservative and strongly
Roman Catholic, whereas the Wal
looms are largely radical and even
anti-clerical.
The dynasty, known as the House
of Saxe-Coburg, was established
when Belgium became an independ-
ent nation in 1881. For more than
a century the Kings of Belgium have
been typical constitutional mon
archs, and hitherto have succeeded
in retaining the undivided loyalty
of their subjects by keeping them
selves above nationalistic differ
ences. The present controversy
over Leopold began when the King
remained at the head of his Army
and surrendered with it to the Ger
man invaders, instead of going into
exile with his Government. That
surrender, though criticized at the
time, is now generally acknowledged
to have been military necessity.
Leopold was, however, blamed widely
for not having left the country to
head the Government-in-Ex Re-
fusing to deal with the Germans and
declaring himself a prisoner of war,
Leopold was left in honorable cap
tivity at his palace of Laeken, near
Brussels. There he took still more
controversial step. A widower since
the death of his Queen Astrid in
1895, Leopold married a commoner
who was of strongly Flemish and
clerical family. This greatly en-
deared him to the Flemings but pro-
portionately estranged him from the
Walloons. Accordingly the Catholic
and Flemish Nationalist parties well
come his return to the throne,
whereas the mainly Walloon Social
ist and Communist parties demand
his abdication and threaten a gen.
eral strike and other disturbances if
he tries to resume his royal pre-
rogative. The moderate party,
known as Liberals, hopes to engineer
a compromise by having Leopold
designate his young son, Baudouin,
as his successor under the. regency
OF Leopold's brother, Prince Charles,
who has been acting as regent dur
ing the war. If showdown occurs
between the extreme nationalists
almost anything might happen.
Evening star., 1945-06-20
Salute to General Buckner

One more Confederate gray, one khaki
bro,Dn-
BY different routes they climbed to
lofty height:
A father and son OF great reno,pn.
Each scaled the peaks dccordino to
his light.
The SON noD sleeps beweath a tropic
sky
His hands that raised the Stars and
Stripes are still;
No proud acclaim as he goes passing by,
No cheering throngs tor him. no
breathless thrill.
And yet, perhaps, at proud salute hs
met
That general ,Dho once Dore Conted.
crate grGy-
Perhaps, he heard: my son, do not
forget
That you haze died to bless your race
and day.
Though some may 0ipe their gold, ana
some their dream
You gaze your ualidnt life, the gitt 81.
premew -..
MATTE RICHARDS TYLEA.
Evening star., 1945-06-20
Roads Still important
m the Abilene (Ksns) R.f,.etor

From the Abilene (Kans) Reflector.
In the 30-years-ago column ap.
pears statement that the condition
OF the county roads is causing a great
deal OF complaint" In horse buggy
days it was bad enough; when motor
cars came in 1t became more i'm
portant that the farmer have means
OF getting to market. Slowly the work
has gone on but after 80 years it is
not complete yet. The present setup
promises to give some relief, but there
Will not be complete accommoda
until every mail route is SO improved
that motors can travel over them in
any weather. When that is done, every
farmer will be served. Roads are ever
with us, they deteriorate rapidly. It
Is one OF the great problems how to
keep them in condition