Evening star., 1945-05-23

ence, Wnlcn mas as It's goal the
establishment of essential guaran-
tees of peace and security for the
United Nations" he continued.
I'VE Ukrainians are deeply con-
cerned about the existence of q
strong democratic Poland, so strong
that, securing its rear from the east
with the support Of the Soviet peo-
pie, it could defend itself from its
western neighbor.
"A weak Poland, which would be.
come weapon of intrigues used by
the enemies of peace, does not cor
respond to the interests of the peo-
pie of the Soviet Union, who would
be obliged to defend a weak Poland
with armed forces because of the
necessity of defending themselves
from the possible menace Of a new
German invasion.
I'VE are interested not in the
Poland of Pilsudski and Beck but in
the democratic Poland with the
parliamentary system of government,
with representatives of all anti
Fascist democratic parties in such
parliament and government, which
will establish basis for co-opera-
ton of all cur peoples
1T Is known that Poland has its
characteristic social system based
on private property, on development
of private enterprise, the same sys-
tenn which exists in the United
States and Great Britain. But this
does not prevent Poland from CO.
operation with governments of other
social systems and this cooperation
will give only beneficial results, just
as the cooperation of the United
States and Great Britain with the
Soviet Union which demonstrated
the necessity and fruitfulness of
such cooperation.
I'VE Ukrainains, in the interests
of our security. are interested in a
friendly Poland. And it is difficult
to dispute this right of ours. If the
United States is eager, with full
right, to have friendly instead of
enemy states on its borders, then
why should the Ukrainian people
be refused this right? We do not
want Krakow to be the pistol pointed
at the heart of an ancient Ukrain-
ian city, Lvov, and Danzig at the
heart of Byelo Russian or Lithuan-
ian Soviet Republics"
Mr.. Manuilski said it was neces-
sary to dissipate widespread pref
udice in Europe as we'll as in
America in regard to the structure
OF the Ukranian state, and in gen.
eral all of the 16 republics consti-
tuting the U. S. S. R. He declared
their relation to the all-union gov
was not similar to the re-
lation of the American States to
the Federal Government.
They were, he insisted, far more
independent, and their union was
completely voluntary, with such re-
publlcs having the right to secede if
it desired. The union was main
tanned, he said, for the benefit of
all, politically and economically.
This explained, he said, the de-
mand made for admission of the
Ukraine and Byelo Russia to the
United Nations Conference as mem
bers. And, he said, in reply to a
question, it would explain why the
other Soviet republics would in the
future probably ask admission to
the United Nations.
After he had lauded the increas-
ing autonomy given the Soviet units
by the Moscow government, he was
asked whether the ultimate objec-
tive of this developing autonomy is
independence" or self govern
ment." He replied that it is "inde-
pendence, with the preservation of
our union
Mr. Manuilski told another ques-
toner that the Ukraine would NE
to have direct diplomatic relations
with the United States and other
governments, but that he thought
any such move should be made by
both parties simultaneously.