davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-11
Luncheon for Out
Of Town Attorneys

Thurgood Marshall of New York
City, special counsel for the Ma
tional Association for Colored Peo-
pie, Attorney Robert J. Booker,
Little Rock attorney and his
brother, William A. Booker, Chi
cago attorney, were the guests at
an informal luncheon in the
YWCA, st. Paul, Monday at 1890
p. M, during the recess from the
Little Rock teachers case, which
was heard in the Federal Courts
building. Robert Booker and Mr..
Marshall are co-counsels for the
plaintiffs in the case and William
Booker came from Chicago to hear
the case. The three guests of hon
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-11
Teen Age
Chatter
BY GEORGIA RUSSELL

Well, here l am again, so let's
see what news we can dig up.
The Juniors at Marshall High
school, gave a fine variety show,
Friday, and some Of the many in
the show were, Dorothy Balenger,
Earl MCGEE, Milton Combs, Terrell
Jackson, Janet Armstrong and
Leola Graham.
The Senior Girl Reserve Formal
will be June 2.
The Picnic pow-wow combina-
ton, given by the Magistrate club,
was most nice. The following
persons were present: Sarah Hill,
Evelyn Lewis, Janet Russell, Betty
Lewis, Gladys Hobbs, Loretta
Davis, Gloria Parker, Harold Cur
ruthers, Donald Wilson, Clentill
Jackson, John Gardner, Donald
Gates, etc.
Now, let's see what the boys
ideal girl would look like, so here's
Leonard Powers ideal girl:
My ideal girl has
Lorraine Whites hair
Edith Prices face
Irene Glover's disposition and
dimples
Doris Whites fine shape
Maxine Worthington's mellow legs
Wanda Owens outstanding intel
ligence
Phyliss Mayes' attractive smile and
sense of humor
Evelyn Lewis complexion.
Here's Nelson McCoy's ideal girl:
Maxine Worthington's smile
Dolores Browns beautiful eyes
Janet Armstrong; hair
Patricia Cartwright's soft COM
pleXlon
Jane Houses personality and some
one who dances like Pauline Ray.
Yes, you guessed it, the couple
of the week, is none other than,
Patricia Cartwright and Nelson
Mccoy.
The song of the week still seems
to be Laura" but Sentimental
Journey" is really becoming pop
ular.
What we'll known, Twin City,
romance has definitely broken up /?
Heard that Billy Mccoy and
Donald Calendar leave for the SER
vice don't know what branch, yeti
in 18 days.
Say, say, Count Clyde, you were
really knocking yourself out, Sun
day, and Pm not kidding; and
Dizzy wasn't doing so bad for him
self; Ell, Dizzy?
Saw Harold Brown, looking hand
some as ever, and S. T. looking at
him, adoring as ever.
Well, I must be on my way, so
see you next week.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-11
L. Murries II.

1t. Ikaline Moore, of Fl. Des
Moines, Iowa, daughter of Isaac
Moore, Chicago, and Mrs. Matte
Moore, of Minneapolis, was united
in marriage TO 1t. w. Wilson
Savoy, at Washington, D. c., April
10. Her sister, Mrs. Frances r.
Taylor, was her only attendant.
DR.. VIM. S. Hudson was best man.
Her father and mother both at
tended the wedding. The bride and
groom returned to their respective
posts Of duty after the wedding.
Mrs. Moore, who has been out of
the city, expects to arrive in Min
neapolis some time next week.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-11

the house guest of her sister, Mrs.
]. Bonner, 1901 Portland Ave-, re-
turned to her home, Sunday night,
May 8. She was shown many social
courtesies while in the city.
Mrs. Hattie Burkes, of Detroit,
Mich, is the house guest of her
sister, Mrs. w. G. Carroll, GIT 18th
Ave. So.
Son Overseas: Mr.. and Mrs. P. M.
Wright, 514 Lyndale Ave. No., re-
ceived word this week that their
son, James Gillian Wright, a
stewards mate in the U. S. Navy,
is in Hawaii.
Mrs. Alice Daniels, 27461h Gin
ton Ave-, will return Sunday, May
81, with her two children from Chi
cago where she met her husband,
Cpl. Joe Daniels, who spent his fur
Tough there.
Mrs. Simon Anderson, en- route
to her home in Fergus Falls, Mimi,
stopped over the week end with her
son-in-law and daughter, Mr.. and
Mrs. Joseph E. Mitchell, 1901 Bry-
ant Ave. No. Mrs. Anderson has
been visiting in Pasadena, Los
Angeles and Glendale, California,
for the past six months.
Mrs. R. ]. Willis, 1914 18th Ave.
&c., will be hostess to the Booker
T. Washington Study Club at her
home, Tuesday, May Is.
Mr.. and Mrs. Pruth McFarlin
were entertained at the home of
Mr.. and Mrs. Vernon Young, 2426
Fifth Ave. &c., Sunday night, May
6, after Mr.. McFarlin's concert at
Zion Baptist Church. Mrs. W. A.
Ross was also a guest.
Surprise Party: Mrs. Kathryn
Digit Robineau was surprised at
a birthday party, Sunday, May 6,
given by her daughter, Mrs. Rhoda
Pettiford and friend, Miss Bessie
Cotton, at her daughters home,
425 Emerson Ave. No. Guests were
Mr.. and Mrs. Theo. Woodland, Mr..
and Mrs. Sibley Parker, Mr.. and
Mrs. James Bobo, Mr.. and Mrs.
James Hudson, Mr.. and Mrs. Ward
Bell, Mr.. and Mrs. Jack Hyatt,
Mines. Ethel Saunders, Jumma
Brown, Genevieve Cooper, Leroy
Howard, Ethel Mcintosh, Virginia
Curtis, Esteline Boyd, Eddie Riley,
Melvina Woodland, Mable Cisco,
Rosa Mae Bell, Billie Renfroe,
Messrs. Robert Bell, Oscar New
man, James Robineau, Eli Rice,
Jack Curtis, James Tolliver and
Misses Allie Glen, Celestina Wig
gins and Mr.. and Mrs. B. F. Hen
derson, St. Paul.
Mrs. M. r. HOgarth, 2816 Fifth
Ave. &c., wife of Rev. Hogarth of
St. Thomas Episcopal Church, left
this week for a visit with her sister
in Cleveland, Ohio.
Miss Thelma Mcclure, $40 Hum
boldt Ave. No., left Sunday, May
6, for Chicago, ILL.,, and then to
Paris, Tennessee, where she will
visit with her mother for a month.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-11
Mother and Daughter
Receive Gifts Sent
From Iran and India

Mrs. Magdalene Oliver, 231 St.
Anthony, has received a hand
painted, ivory bracelet and pair
of shoes, sent by her husband, Pfc.
Oscar W. Oliver, stationed in India.
Their daughter, Miss Charlotte
Rhoda Oliver, received a hand
painted, pearl bracelet and a piece
of tapestry from her father and a
necklace made by her uncle, Sgt.
Luther H. Oliver, stationed in Iran.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-11
Annual Meeting
Christians and Jews
Tuesday, May Is

Education in Human Relations
will be the theme of the program
at the annual meeting of the Round
Table of Christians and Jews in
the Auditorium of the Citizens Aid
Bldg, Tuesday, May Is, at 8 p. m.
Mr.. Russell Bracket, acting prin-
cipal of Ramsey Junior High
School and chairman of the Com
mission on Educational Organiza-
tions of the Round Table, will in
troduce the program, following the
annual report by the Executive
Director, Rev. Carl F. Zietlow, and
the election of board members.
Students of Mrs. Ruth Gill of
Ramsey Junior High School will
present "Meet Your Relatives" a
dramatization of the Public Affairs
pamphlet, Races of Mankind. Miss
Helen Fish and her students of
South High School will give her
original radio skit, "As One Star
Differeth," which was selected by
the National Conference of Chris
tians and Jews from many skits
submitted last year, and was cir
culated for production throughout
the country.
DR.. Theodore Brameld, associate
professor of the philosophy of edu-
cation and director of the workshop
in Intercultural Education this
summer at the University of Min
nesota, will discuss Leadership
Training in Human Relations"
Neil M. Cronin will preside at the
meeting. Paul S. Carroll and
Arthur Brin are also co-chairmen
of the organization. All interested
people are welcome.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-11

or were introduced by Rev. Clar-
ence T. R. Nelson, who acted as
host for the luncheon. They all
gave brief, but interesting talks.
Those present at the luncheon in
cluded Mrs. Alverta Coram, Mrs.
Marie Tetu, Mrs. Dorothy Schultz,
Miss Myrtle Garden, Mrs. Gayle
Woolson, Winifred Flanagan, S.
Vincent Owens, Cecil Newman,
Prof. A. L. Kirby of Arkansas and
a graduate student at the Univer-
sity of Minnesota, Rev. B. N.
Moore and Wendell C. Jones, presi-
dent of the Minneapolis Branch
NAACP.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-11
Card of Thanks

We wish TO express our sincere Appre-
citation to the friends and neiRhbors for
their acts Of kindness, messages Of SYM
patty and BEAUTIFUL Coral offerings in our
bereavement in the loss Of our mother,
Mrs. Nora Nash. We especially thank Rev.
c. B. Wheeler, Rev. c. 7. R. Nelson and the
Brooks Funeral Home.
The Nash Family.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-11
Friends Help
Resident Celebrate
a2nd BirthdQY

Special birthday greetings to
Mrs. Alice Finley, 2s1O Tenth Ave-,
who celebrated her 82nd birthday
at her home, Tuesday afternoon,
May 8. A group Of her friends
gathered at her home Tuesday, TO
help her celebrate. Among them
were Mines. E. v. Marshall, Lillian
Vaughn, Esther Carroll, Aline
Hanks, Fannie Thomas, Ella Wash
ington, Lula Bell Riley, Halle
Jones, Betty Houston, Gertrude
Vinegar, Isabelle Stone, and Hattie
Burkes.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-11
Card of Thanks

We wish sincerely 70 thank friends for
their kind expressions Of sympathy and
for the beautiful floral offerings In our
recent bereavement in losing our dear
mother, Mrs. Lulu HOwell,-Osear and
Bessie LILLIAN Howell.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-11

Maxine Worthington, daughter
of Mr.. and Mrs. L. H. Worthington,
GAG Rondo, will graduate in June,
from John Marshall high school.
Her plan for the future is to enter
Wilberforce University this fall, to
study Physical Education. She is
a member of the Halle Q. Brown,
Sub-debs, plays on the school
basketball team, and is one of the
Eight Queens, teen age girls group.
Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-05-11

key to
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Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-07-19


after a period of transition during
which, unless the prisoner either re-
sists physically and is murdered or
resists Unexpectedly and commits
suicide. he is gradually changed"
until he reaches the 'old prisoner"
stage. Then his previous nature is
eradicated, his individuality lost
and his subsection complete.
The initial shock was devastating
especially to German, accustomed
as he was to processes logically con-
trolled by law and order. To be de-
prived suddenly Of ones civil rights
with no recourse, came as a severe
blow to the prisoners mentality.
The transportation to the camp
and the initiation into it frequently
is the first experience of physical
and psychological torture which the
prisoner has ever experienced.
Corporal punishment, says Bettel-
helm, describing his own observa-
tons. consisted of whipping, kick
ing, slapping, intermingled with
shooting and wounding with the
bayonet. Then there were tortures,
the obvious goal Of which was ex-
IRENE exhaustion. ''For instance"
he says, ''the prisoners were forced
to stare for hours into glazing lights,
to meel for hours, and so on. From
time to time a prisoner got killed;
no prisoner was permitted to take
care Of his or another's wounds. The
purpose of the tortures was to
break the resistance Of the pris-
oners, and to assure the guard that
they were really superior to them"
Many were killed in this process.
But those who lived, according to
the author, were conditioned to the
point where what followed-more
beatings, more indignities, little
food, exposure and brutally hard
work-was not as bad as the initial
experience.
For the rest, it was a slow but sure
process Of degeneration Of body,
mind and soul. m
One thing which has surprised the
Americans In occupied Germany is
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-07-19
Dread Fear Hung
OUer Everyone

According to statements concern.
ing conditions in Germany as early
as 1880, most Of the Germans who
had committed actual offenses
against the Nazi regime, had al
ready been imprisoned, murdered
or had died in the camps. Then the
Nazis found it necessary to go out
and arrest members Of various
groups Unfortunately, say few
lawyers, a few doctors, q few from
one organization or another. This
was done as a threat against that
whole particular group.
The effect on a group was some
what the same, though in lesser
degree, as the effect on family.
The effect on the families Of the
prisoners, of course, was marked.
At first a great deal Of money was
spent in attempting to get the pris-
oner released. The gestapo always
replied that it was the prisoners
own fault that he was imprisoned.
Then members of the family began
to find it hard to get jobs, children
had trouble at school; poor relief
was denied. Always the terror hung
over them. The friends and relatives
Of a prisoner were considered sus-
poets. So the influence Of the camp
reached out over the whole group.
AS the Nazi regime became more
harsh and especially latterly, when
world resentment increased against
it even before the war, many more
Germans, passive before, became
openly dissatisfied and critical. It
was impossible to imprison them all
without interfering with the func-
tioning of the country's economy.
Then "group" arrests increased.
People in lots of a hundred or SO
from one profession, or trade, or af-
fiated body, would be jailed. Thus
the effect of the terror" was multi
piled. This was the manner in which
the entire population Of the country
was enchanted.
General Mcclure recognizes how
crushing has been the effect Of
planned terror" but doubt II the
general public has any realization
Of its magnitude. I'VE shall often
have to go far out Of our way" says
the general, to help certain in
dividuals who have not had an easy
life these last IL years and more,
men whose broken spirits may well
need our support and guidance to
return to the ways Of active per-
sonal democratic initiative
It took centuries to develop human
dignity, but 1t took only a few
months in a Nazi concentration
camp to destroy it. v
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-07-19

WNU Service, Union Trust Building
Washington, ID. G.
In my preceding column I de-
scribed the state of mind Of the mid
dle-aged German who had been
anti-Nazi or at least had no con-
nections with the Nazi party. A
study OF the gestapo methods has
revealed that it was planned deti-
nitely to destroy initiative and indl-
viduality. This has greatly conpi-
Gated the work Of the American ad-
ministration Of occupied Germany.
AS I said, the gestapo made use
Of definite system Of planned
terror"
1t will, I realize, be somewhat diff
hcult for person living in demo-
cratic country to grasp the extent
to which such methods could be ap-
piled. First, we must realize that
totalitarian government is the abso-
lutte antithesis of democracy. In
democracy the individual Is the
unit. The state exists for the individ-
ual Under Nazi-Fascist totalitarian-
ism, it is not enough to say that the
individual exists for the state. The
individual as concept does not
exist at all. 1.-THE Fascist conception
Of the state" said Mussolini, lis all
embracing; outside Of it no human
or spiritual values can exist. ...
II was the flrst task OF the Nazis
to destroy this concept Of indi-
viduality. The terror was part OF
the method employed.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-07-19
Kite arget

A unique type of kite is used by
the army and navy as a target to
train their IA gunners because it
can be made to climb, dive, bank,
loop, do figure Fights and all other
maneuvers OF. an airplane so
quickly that it is rarely hit by
more than one out of so shots.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-07-19

the tendency Of the German people
to deny that they knew the extent Of
the atrocities which were perpe-
trated in the camps or to appear to
ignore their existence.
This is a result of a planned ef-
feet of the camp. H.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-07-19
Purpose Was to Break
Will to Resist

Bruno Bethlehem, author Of my
Life in Nazi Concentration Camps"
testifies to the purpose Of the camps
and the achievement Of this purpose
by the gestapo from his own expert
ences. He says that among the aims
were these:
l. To break the prisoners as indi-
viduals and convert them into docile
masses from which no individual or
group act Of resistance could arise.
2. To spread terror among the
rest Of the population by:
O. Using the prisoners as hos
tages;
b. Demonstrating to them what
happened to those who oppose
Nazi rulers.
3. TO provide gestapo members
with training ground so they could:
q. Lose all human attitudes and
emotions:
b. Learn the most effective
ways OF breaking civilian re-
sistance.
4. To provide a laboratory in
which the gestapo could study the
effectiveness Of torture, minimum
nourishment and medical care. and
normal activities plus hard labor.
The general purpose, Of course.
was to create a civilian population
Of maximum benefit to the Nazi
state.
The authors study Of prisoners
conducted under the camp regime.
supplemented by a careful self
analysis. leads him to believe that
the camp treatment resulted In
either death or an adaptation to
camp life. The prisoner finally &C.
cepted his position and even came
to initiate the gestapo in manner
and conduct.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-07-19
Many Were Killed,
Or Were Suicides

Bethlehem describes the three
stages through which the prison
ers passed. The first is the arrest;
the second is transportation to the
camp, which is the hardest to bear.
hs says. The last Is prison life;
Imperial Valley press., 1945-05-06

they intended TO do when the RUS
slams came storming up to the gates.
They said they intended to fire
one token volley and then run.
Actually, they didn't wait to do that.
They fled before the Russians ever
got there and turned the camp over
to those Of US who we're prisoners.
KNEW LAST FATE
The average German soldier seems
to have realized es early as last fall
that he was fighting in lost cause.
say that because there were two
weeks after I was captured that I
was forced to live in the battle field
with unit of the German army.
We were surrounded by Allied
troops southwest of Epinal on the
western approaches to the Vosges.
For transportation we had a strange
convoy OF French civilian automo-
biles and most of the daylight hours
we we're strafed by Allied Planes.
I jumped into bitches with my
captors. I talked with staff officers.
sergenats and privates. Sometimes
they gave me sausages and cigarets.
One day I tried to buy bottle of
Schnapps from a French distiller
and offered him Allied occupation
money in payment. He finally took
Continued on Page 6, Col. 81
Imperial Valley press., 1945-05-06

The revelation of the arrests and
their accompanying grave effect
upon the Big Three Polish discus
sions was made in parallel state
ments by Secretary of State Edward
r. Stettinius, Jr., and Foreign Sec
retary Anthony Eden.
The secretaries revealed they had
Foreign Commissar v. NJ. Molotov..
been informed of the arrests by
HALT DISCUSSIONS
The revelation torpedoed the
Polish discussions here which were
formally suspended by the British
and Americans until Molotov pro-
vides them. with further informa-
ton on the incident.
1t also was feared that it would
have serious repercussions upon
the work of the whole United Ma
ticns conference.
The Anglo americans had been
trying vainly for weeks to pry an
answer out of Moscow as to what
had happened to the Polish leaders
who had gone from interior Poland
tc confer with Soviet authorities in
Moscow
The sudden development came
f.fter the Big Three had reached a
wide area of agreement on amend
ments to be submitted to the Dunn
barton Oaks charter.
However, the Polish development,
coming on the eve of Molctov de-
parture from the conference, was
expected to affect gravely the atti-
tude and opinion of delegates to
the conference, particularly those
which already have indicated sus-
Continued on Page 6. Col. d
Imperial Valley press., 1945-05-06
ss @ -
Valley Allotted
200 Housing
Units Per Month

Imperial county's housing
shortage took a sudden turn
for the better Saturday with
the ALLEGATION Of 200 units to
be built in the county each
month for six months under
the Federal Housing Author
ity.
Meanwhile house trailers were ar
irving in Ell Centre and Brawley and
are being set up for the use of shed
help only. Construction was expect
ed to begin at any time on the 1872
additional housing units at FL Centre
marine air station News of the
FILA ALLEGATIONS was greeted with
interest because of the extreme
housing shortage and the great need
for additional living quartesr of all
kinds
DIFFERENT TYPES
The RMA program will be divid-
ed among units built for sale, for
rent, and for owner occupancy, Oiey
Imperial Valley press., 1945-05-06
Fl Centran, II
Hit by Train

Lawrence st. Johns, II, OF 81
Orange, Ell Centre. was struck and
critically injured by a train at the
Ell Centre Main street crossing
shortly before am. Saturday.
He was taken to the county hos
pital for treatment
st. Johns came to El Centro from
Palo Verde in 1913 and for some
time peddled vegetables from door
to door, loading the produce on a
wagon pulled by an aged team of
horses.
Ell Centro police frequently were
called to various parts, of town to
take charge of st. Johns. He re-
peatedly was taken to the county
hospital but refused to stay there
He would wander away from home.
officers said, and would become lost.
Because of paralyzed condition he
sometimes fell and injured himself,
rnaking siege in the hospital nee
essary, officers said.
Imperial Valley press., 1945-05-06
Armv Bures Plans to Send
2 Million Fiqhters Home

men monthly from both theaters be-
ginning two months after We day.
Part of this army already is in
the Pacific. Additional service
troops have recently been shifted
from Europe to the Pacific. OF the
men now in Europe more than half
apparently will remain there as oc-
cupational troops or will be shifted
to Pacific fronts.
Members said they had been told
service forces will go directly to the
Pacific in most cases. Combat troops,
however, will be sent first to the
United States for furloughs and re-
organization, they declared.
congressman said the army's de-
mobilization plan also calls for
more liberal attitude in releasing
older men at bases on this contln-
ent.
Imperial Valley press., 1945-05-06
German People Believe
Hitler Died Last july

proportion of the German people
from front-line troops to village
houSeWiveS-think about it.
They think he has been dead since
July 20, 1914.
They think the bomb plot aginst
Hitler, Matched by German army Of
ficers, succeeded They think Helm
rich Himmler and a small group of
his henchmen seized control of Ger
many after July 20 and kept it in
the war.
DON'T BELIEVE PROPAGANDA
Few Germans believe the story
their own propagandists put out
that Hitler died in battle as the
Russians closed in against the heart
of Berlin The ones who do believe
that are Nazi fanatics who also be-
lieve they can go underground and
continue the fight against the Allies
for years.
For the last few weeks no Germans
with whom I talked cared where
Hitler was. They didn't care
whether he was dead or alive The
only thing they cared about was
getting themselves into position to
surrender to the Americans or the
British. At the Luckenwald camp,
where I was prisoner, the German
guards talked frankly about what