davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-04-11
ARMY BASE SCENE OF RACE DISORDER
so NEGRO AIRMEN UNDER
ARREST AT FREEMAN FIELD

FREEMAN FIELD, Seymour,
Ind, April II (ANP)-Sixty Ne
gro officers were placed under ar
rest at this field for defying ban
on colored officers at the officers
club at this post by order of Col.
Robert Solway Jr.
The mass arrest, which is believed
unprecedented in the history of the
army, has disrupted the entire
training program of the 477th Bonn
bardment group. This group is the
first all Negro Bomb unit-that is,
all Negro for training but whites
for command and promotion.
All of those arrested are members
of the 18th Base unit which is re-
placement group for the 477th now
in the final stages of their over
seas training. The names of those
arrested are not available at this
time. However, they include cap
tins, heutenants and flight officers,
several of them overseas veterans
and proud wearers of the Distin-
guished Flying cross.
Col. Solway's move in setting up
separate officers club and deny
ing admittance to Negro officers is
termed direct violation of Army
Regulation 210-10 Par. 19, which
specifically states that membership
shall not be denied to any officer on
any army post. This regulation is
further substantiated by executive
order of President Roosevelt on
July 6, 1914, banning any such dis
elimination.
At this date charges have not been
filed but are expected within the
next 48 hours. Meanwhile the Of
ficers involved are restricted to
their quarters and inspected by
armed guard every two hours.
Letters and kilograms demand
ing that congressional investiga-
tion be made and the removal of
Kentucky-born Col. Solway have
been written by the frinds and rela-
tives of the men involved.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-12-21
A Thonghi For roday
Mir. Reuther's Proposal

In the current issue of Common Sense Victor G. Reuther proposes that labor form political party to work for placement of private ownership of monopostc industries by forms of social ownership He doesn't say it that simply. But after building up fine pseudo-Narx bon fire that proposal neither nor startling k all that re- mains in the embers.
 The writer is brother of Walter Reuther viee-pres dent of the UAWClO and is himself officer of that union We do not know how auhortatyey he speaks for his union labor generally But in any he have to himself with dictionary and reference before pursuing his battle with the status quo much
 Mir. Reuther begins by saying in almost many words that American labor the war, mitariy well in dustraly. Someone will probably challenge that state ment, will go to his reference in dsparagng quo taton marks to "normacy free enterprise and "the American way enemies of the Four Freedoms and his Implication that they contain the roots of fascism.
 If Mr. Reuher has dipped superfcially into the history of fascism he must know that it is not business controlled but state control of business and every thing else And he must know that free enterprise doesn't thrive any better in fascist soil than free labor.
 The author that the proit-taking power of mon bpostic free enterprise is the botteneck preventing full production and full employment His sole proof for that statement is to quote the lumpsum wartime increase in profits of 2,OOO industrial corporatons-before taxes
 MT. Reuther should know that his duest readers might suspect that argument of being something less than airgh During the war; the existence of an profits tax became pretty generally known.
 The social ownership he proposes must, says MT Reu Eher, be absolutely democratic in character We doubt shat the author of that statement knows precisely what 1t means The unabridged dictionary definition of democ racy has nothing say about economies Social meaning overnment) ownership is economic technique and it's pcharacter is the same under constitutional monarchy dictatorship of the proetarlat
 Mir. Reuther misconceves the intent of the Labor Man. egemen Conference which had been proposed but appar enty had not met when he wrote his piece He speaks of andustry and government gangng up on labor though President Truman made clear to both parties in his n witation that it ther conference and the govern nent would not be an active participant
 In this connection the author speaks of he anticipated heory that persuade labor and capital to join hands and work like brothers for the good That theory may reasonable to Mr. Reuther-and to in industry But lot of reactionaries think 1t would be fine idea if somebody could do that job of per ma that ViSiOn Of effort for the good is popular than what he calls his program of political dynamite"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-12-21
Down on the Farm

There was net loss of 6000000 in farm population on he farms during the But what do you know? With that tremendous loss population stayed the job increased the size of their farms 8200000O Not only that but the size of farms jumped from I74 to 190 How did they do it? We'll go in the country and for yourself the beautiful display of tractors and farm machinery that made possible boost produc get
 It is estimated that very nearly 2,000,000 home boys laid aside their tools and farm clothes and In addition several million and left the farms and went to work in munitions and production plants Certain sections of the country that paid unreasonaby small to farm help deserted by the workers man strike movement. And many of them will never turn.
 However present indications that somewhere 100000 people will be the farms within the next six months than today At the time the gradual lifting of restrictions farm machinery will serve to con-
 vince hundreds of thousands of soldiers that Thomas eer right when he observed "The small andhoders the most precious part of the State"
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-12-21
By Peter Edson

If the Senate Foreign Relations Committee goes into this thing further it will have to investigate the Foreign Service. George Atcheson, Jr, and John S. Service, the two Pat is beefing about in particular are Foreign Service officers. There is always tain amount of antagonism between the career men and the Presdentially appointed ambassadors but this is some thing extra
 There are today some 800 Foreign Service off, cers. Authorized strength is 1,120 but the number probably will go up to l500 2000 in the next year or so. The problem is trying to find enough men who qualify.
 Candidates for the Foreign Service carefully screened They must have college education or bet ter, foreign languages, undergo stiff per sona character investigation and examinations. Ii man passes his future is in the hands of the Board of Foreign Service Personnel, headed by the three Assistant Secretaries of State An efficiency record is kept on every Promotions are made by this Personnel Board on the basis of efficiency reports There three grades of unclassified officers and eight classes" of officers who get from $3000 to $100O0 year.
 The Personnel Board is responsible for disci- binary action, but there is punitive system similar to the court-martial of the armed services. If a Foreign Service officer is accused of misapproprating funds accepting bribe offense of this kind he is turned over to the civil courts Foreign Sery ice officer may be called before the Personnel Board for a hearing, however, may be reprimanded, may be put probation and denied promotion till he has lived down unfavorable efficiency report. Or he may be fired. These things happening all the time
 The point of all this explanation is that there exists within the Foreign Service ample machinery for the discipining of Foreign Service officers. IL is the duty of the ambassador to report and rate the efficiency of the men in his embassy There is evidence that Ambassador Hurley used any of this procedure in the cases of the men he now accuses publicly.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-12-21

"Ali ! can say to that" be replied. lis that I'm just doing gob here from day to day and letting the future take care of itself
 Chief dilemma faced by the returning var ve,- cran when it comes 10 new clothes Is that either he wili get clothes hls wife and sweetheart will get them. There aren't going 10 be enough for both
 In this choice between man and wife there iS no question as 10 where the U & government stands. at least in theory-on the side of the man. He has been away fighting his old clothes mOtil-eaten and he deserves something to wear. Getting them for him, however. may be another matter.
 Botleneck of the entire problem boils down to Innings Wool clothing for must have Things This means rayOn and cotton. At present the wool and worsted situation is improving and there proba- by will be almost enough for i946.
 But rayons and eotions different In the first place most of their production was aloeated to uses and it takes some time 10 get mills reconyerted. Second and here is where the sex prob lem comes in most Of the rayon and cotton now available for civilian use has been going to women
 In other words. women getting the rayon bouses the slips the undies and other things they like to wear. Meanwhile the much more prosaic but absolutely necessary lining for mems suits is left out in the cold In addition, the hosiery manufac- turers are even asking for and getting, a lot of rayon poundage for stockings, despite the fact that nylon is coming back.
 Chief reasons for this channelling of clothes to women despite the needs of veterans, are
 l. Higher prices and profits in womens apparel Mems clothing manufacturers blame this on the OPA
 ?. The War Production Board last fall issued priorities cotton and rayon in order to spur pro- duction of medium priced clothing, but for some strange reason entirely omitted the bottleneck of mems suits-linings.
 Since then the WIPE has been abolished, but it's successor the Civilian Production Administration, if anything, perhaps, has done little worse. We'll meaning Herbert Rose, head of the CPA Textile Division, who has sublime faith in the efficacy of priorities under any and all circumstances has pro-
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-12-21
By Dre1C Pearson

oeodeo to grant proriies under any and all eircum- stances has proceeded To grant priorities to hard ship" cases for Innings By the end Of November. l0o hardship" had received lining priorities from Washington along with scores Of other prioii- ties issued by CPA branch offices, making the whoe situation more SnaTled than ever.
 Meanwhile. Prank Chester BoNles who has done more to protect the American consumer than any one ese in Washington. readily admits that he has made mistake In clothing. Hs problem. however, is whether To get an army of womens clothing oeaiess on his neck by decreasing the ceilings on wcmenh colex or whether to boost the price of clothes for men by allowing higher price ceilings on their clothos
 one or the other probably Stil be necessary even in addition to The plan for voluntary rauonlng oi mems clothing and the issuing of clothing oertiiieate 10 men al separation eeniers
 n you think Chester Bowies has made mistake !n protecting the U. s. consumer look at whats happened tn Russia supposed 10 be the haven oi the common man Then be glad either that we have Chester BoWleS that we're not in Ruasia-or both
 Because os censorship American correspondents in Moscow haven't been able to cable stories about the cost Of living ln Russia Also. newsinen realize they might be declared persona non grata" Y they painted too unvarnished picture oi inside Russia However. the fact is that the Soviet is having an even tougher imitation battle than the USA. Thk is due partly 10 the fact that there is no fixeo formula for controlling prices but rather an exraya gant system of discounts" ranging from ID per cen for the average Communist Party workers 10 56 per cent for top military and political leaders.
 For numerous factory and clerical employes. there is discount at all This system, according to
  certain favored classes. but works considerable hardship on the ordinary factory workers.
 The latter must deal chiefly at so-caled ration stores in the plants where they employed These stores have lower price scales, but sell only the bare necessities, such as. work clothes and staple foods The big commercial" stores, similar to U s department stores are patronzed almost exclusively by discount" buyers.
 Russian commercial" stores sell everything from fancy foods to quality clothing Their lines are at- tractively packaged and displayed, and the stores themselves vie in swank with the best department palaces in the US.A. However, the prices charged for some commodities would cause an American housewife to swoon.
 A l2-pound dressed turkey, for instance, costs as high $500 in American money, based on the ruble rate of five and half rubles to the dollar.
 Eggs cost approximately $lH each; cigarettes s9 per package; a cheese sandwich $306; women's house dresses from SIP to S90 coffee SIP pound a paper cup of ice cream s1.80; mems suits from S540 to $9OO; mems shoes, from S288 to $396 and women's slippers from S360 to S810.
 Despite these prices, the commercial" stores oo
 thriving business chiefly with Russian soldiers and officers who have plenty of money and can buy at Gi rate
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-12-21
GENERAL LEONARD F. WING
Hartford 'Courant

AAell VI SotAA ol-l'
 The death of Major General 1 Leonard F. Wing comes as a shock not only to thousands of men who served under his command, but to | the many others who since his re- turn to this country had the pleas ure Of meeting this tall, red-headed, smiling country lawyer who served
 his country with such distinction in the Pacific. Only Tuesday of this week he attended 8 reception in Providence. Rhode Island, and ap- peared to be fully recovered from the heart ailment for which he re- ceived treatment some weeks ago.
 It is clear now that the punish ment of these public receptions was too much for the gallant heart tha
 had undergone terrific strains as the 43rd Division fought it's way forward at Rendova. at Munda, at
 Aitape, the Linguyan Gulf and in crushing the Shimbu Line. Under General Wing this Division, feliciti-
 ously called Winged Victory never took a backward step, never failed to complete an assignment.
 The men who fought under Gen. eral Wing loved him. They knew him as q humane man whose leader
 ship and tactical knowledge were
 but attributes built on warm and
 affectionate nature. He knew his men, too. In Providence the other
 day he spotted an obscure man
 standing in the audience. He was
 formerly a Division barber, and General Wing called to ask him
 whether he had his barber shop
 opened in New London One can recall, too, how yisibly General Wing was affected while in Hartford while prayers were being said for those of his men who will never return.
 Only the other day, in speaking of another comrade, General Wing said. When the chips were down, he was Q good man to have around. not only spiritually but as man." Unwittingly he was uttering an epitaph most suitable for himself. He was, as so many of his soldiers know, "a good man to have around" and there will be heartfelt sorrow at his untimely passing.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-12-21
By Bill Cunningham

just sat around and looked at us On every around our camp was Japanese policeman on duty, Anybody coming along and looking the scene over would have figured that the Japs had captured us, instead of it's being the other way around We to impress the JapS. We impressed em all right. We impressed them with the fact that we were lot of saps."
 From Ledo, India, an officer writes: Our State Department and Gen. Wedemeyer in China both came out recently with similar announcements to the effect that not assisting the Chungkng gov ernment in it's with the Communists This is lie know for fact that have for the past three months shipped, and that we still are shipping to the Chiang Kai-shek government such items as serviceable GAG and CAT transport planes which badly need to bring our soldiers home. l also know that are giving them millions of dollars worth of radio and signal equipment from stock piles in India.
 This know personally. have no sympathy for the CommieS but have less for the NationaliStS who have robbed and killed hundreds of our men here in the CBI If we don't get out of this theater soon and quit putting into Chinas internal affairs, we are going to lose lot of American boys. Right at this moment, Americans stationed up the road in Burma are engaged in continuous small scale bat tie with Chinese guerillas and bandits. I'm going the road to Myitkyian the end of this week to pay off detachments up there, and I'll be accom- panied by a guard who will sit beside with tom- my gun in his lap ready to fire at moments notice No one is permitted to travel beyond Ledo without armed guard. The peace up here is much worse than the war"
 From an Army captain in the ETO T am totally unhappy about the United States. Much to get out of the Army, see Russia getting away with just what Hitler plannedhe otaitarization of the Continent-primarily because of our debauch of rapid discharges. Have you heard of any Russian soldiers being demobilized? All around me. organization collapsng literally We refuse accept the world responsibility now when we could keep world order. We try to change the point of view Of Japan with 100000 men to their 76 million people We can rule with 100000 yes, but that isn't enough to establish the personal contacts that will rendoc- tlinate Japan from the bottom. People have to be given the will to govern themselves The way it is planned, we're swapping one military clique behind the Emperor for another Generals can't accomplish the jobs we have set out to do Buck privates have to do it. starting in the local grocery
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-12-21

Chinese Reds stirred up by the S. Reds and fellow travellers.
 Even Pat Hurley admits U. s, foreign policy is sound. Anyone who hasn't been in China long and recently can't possibly know anything about how Chinese politics played and should therefore keep his mouth shut It would appear, however, that the Chinese civil is more of a word than a shootin' war and that the Marines in danger. Further unless U S. forces supervise the job of get ting the Japs out of China the Japs will turn mer cenary and first thing you know they will be in the saddle and running the country just though they had won the war
 For the moment, then, consider this business of the Foreign Service. From the evidence submitted thus far, it seems that Pat could with finesse and gusto charm the Russians, the British, the Aus tralians, the New Zealanders the Egyptians, the Iranians, the Chinese Nationaists and the Chinese Communist Armed Party too-makng them all say Uncle and like it. Still the major-general ambassador couldn't control his embassy staff in Chungking, in which not a dozen American Foreign Service career men from the State Department This is a terrible reflection somebody and it simply doesn't add
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-12-21
Views of the Press

than the rate he is chargin. Some experts put this ? IA to 2 1-2 per cent. However, for the sake of argu- ment, let's call it 2 per cent.
 All of which means that every year for the next 50 years the Am erican government would pay out for this loan some $16, ,720,000 in eX- cess of the interest received from Britain - assuming, of course, the latter kept up her payments. By the end of the agreement it will have cost the U. s. $836, 900 to make the loan.
 Who said there isn't a Santa Claus? On close inspection he looks in this case very much like the American taxpayer. who as of Dec. IA already was loaded down with g. public debt of s278, 100, 0,481,- 158.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-12-21
A Second Billy Mitchell

After the first World War Billy Mitchell was the first
 great aviation martyr He had been guilty of saying that the next World War would be fought from the air His name has gone down in history "a genius in his pro- fesson who contributed much to aviation" says General Douglas MacArthur.
 Now, how about Charles A. Eindbergh? A tremendous demonstration of approval accorded to Lndbegh when he made his flight to Europe, and brought home Washington on a special United States battleship.
 Several years afterward he flew all parts of Ger many. Then he went to Paris and warned the Government of France that Germany prepared destroy their try with it's overwhelming air power. Next, he went to London and the warning to the English people, He still popular hero when he returned to his native band President Roosevelt sent him out the country
 with orders to report the strength of American gorce Weeks later Lindbergh returned Washington and Finished his mission by reporting correctythat the Unit ed States had air fit to to He refused to De 'hushed up and result President Roosevelt cash Dered him.
 He is still being boycotted and denaIs of the great service he has performed for the American air force in the Pacific reflects great credit upon of the hghhat air ehiefs in the military forces in the Pacific.
 Don't be surprised: Congress appauded the statement of it's members few days when he declared that tCharles A. Lindbergh is second Billy Mitchell'
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-12-21

S"AA"sH"" imprisoned hlm III vienna, ana later at Mauthausen prison in Linz Austria, from which he released by Patton's men on the very last day of the
 While he was prisoner of the Gestapo, he beaten tortured and almost starved in effort to wiring information from him. During of these terrible physical sessions of his received injury that partially paralyzed and deformed it. When he came up for discharge, the official ruling that his affliction would have to be ruled genital because there was nc record of his injury, and his word on the matter wasn't officially Suff- cient How could services expect official report of Gestapo beating inside enemy lines? If the afflic tion were congental, and the young man still accepted for active duty, why isn't the service still responsible, if that duty leaves him maimed, what ever the rest of the story is?
 From KitOyoshi. Kyushu, Japan: we started our occupation in a grand and glorious style. We were told to be very military and to impress the Japs, and that we were prepared to do. We going to start off with big parade to occupation camp, but instead of a parade 1t proved to be struggle. We were harneSsed into full transport packs and gear amounting to approximately SO pounds per man. and although We have lugged that sort of load seven miles before, never tried to do it and im- press anybody. The Japs lined up to look at and spent the time laughing at us.
 We finally reached our home, the airport, and found our barracks to be lot of unheated build ingS denSely populated with rats and lice Our food was packaged rations plus dehydrated addi- tions. We set to work cleaning the weeds and dirt away, but not beside the Nips, as you wrote You had that one wrong. We did the work. The Nps
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-12-21
HOW ABOUT IT, MIR. CURRAN?
(New York World Telegram

N1NCW O1 h w VI ! S4O5 d1AA(
 The War Shipping Administra- tion has sent out a call for 10000 seamen to help move GIs back home and relief and food supplies to foreign ports. Manpower short ages, the VISA adds, already have tied up 60 vessels including eight troopships.
 Just 16 days ago the Communist controlled National Maritime Union was shouting: We want the troops back" Members staged a 2-hour work stoppage in New York and other harbors in protest against al- legged delays in bringing the boys home Even the White House was bombarded with telegrams.
 At that time Curran, NMU presi- dent, told an NMU rally: We made a promise to the GIs and mean to carry it out If the government thinks we don't mean business, we'll show them"
 All right, MT Curran, here's your chance.