davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-06
Reporter Finds Women Of OkinQwa
Are Superior To Males As Workers
BY ROBIN COONS,
Substituting For
Kenneth r. niynnl

oKINAWA, Sept. 5. -R- It
could be that here on Okinawa,
last great battle-ground of the war,
the Oriental woman has begun her
battle for emancipation. It is too
early to say-the signs are too
few-but it could be.
The common women of Okinawa,
for that matter, have shown no
signs of desiring greater freedom.
For the most of their lives have
been those of beasts of burden and
childbearers. They have been pro-
ficient at both.
1t is no unusual sight around the
civilian villages under military
government to see native women,
old-looking, frail and tiny in shirts
and mompei (trousers), balancing
heavy tin1bers on their heads,
treading surely through mud or
dust in their bare feet. The fields
are full of them, harvesting or
planting. The women keep house.
cook, and mind the baby, too. Be-
sides that, they've nothing much
to fill their time.
The men, of course worked too,
and apparently accepted their
women in the dual role of SER
want and wife without qualms.
But since the Americans came,
with all their projects such as
roads and airfields requiring as
much labor as could be supplied,
the -Okinawa men are regarding
their women with new interest.
The women work better, are
steadier at their jobs, need less
guiding and direction, than the
men. They therefore receive more
praise from their new bosses, and
the Okinawa men, hearing this,
are beginning to look with Won
der-somewhat as if the old family
goat, long taken for granted, sud-
denly had learned to sing sopra-
no. The women naturally are en-
joying it.
sat one day with Navy 1t. Hen
ry Bachman of Cincinnati, Ohio,
economics and industry officer at
Ishikawa village, and watched a
fascinating Oriental spectacle:
Down a winding path, out of the
lush terraced green hills in the
distance, came a seemingly end
less procession of native women,
each bearing a bundle of brown
thatch on her head. They trudged
along single-file, not rapidly, not
slowly, but at an even pace. For
hours the parade, like a march of
ants, wound down out of the hills.
It was like something out of a
movie-like THE Good Earth
Twice day these women walk
several miles to recover thatch
from war-wrecked native huts and
bring it back for Ishikawa houses,
their own future homes. A few
military police escort them, mere.
ly for protection. The women are
willing workers and like some
thing to do.
The men work willingly enough
also, but they bog down unless
there is supervision and direc-
ton. Generally, they have to be
shown what to do and how to do
! it, in every detail.
Where this trend, if such it is
toward a position of greater dig
nifty TOR women on Okinawa will
lead is of course pure specula-
ton. Whether it could possibly
carry over. under American in.
fluence, to tradition-bound Japan
is also a moot question. But Oki-
nawan women-some at least
are getting to see American pic.
'ture magazines.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-06
.heLiterary
Guidepost
BY w. G. ROGERS

LETTERS OF RAINIER MARIA
RILKE: 1S92-191o, translated by
Jane Barnard Greene and nj. D.
Herter Norton Morton; $3.50.
Rilke, born in 1875 in Prague and
died 1926 in Switzerland, is a poet
whose American following, which
deserves to be larger, may well
grow considerably with the publ
cation Of this volume.
Son of a family that wanted him
to be anything but a writer,
troubled by i'll health, handicapped
by poverty, married but for long
periods separated from wife and
child, he chased all over Europe
in search of a place where he could
live. for nothing, or on the trail
of friend, Or in pursuit of his
stooleS, or simply in flight from
the disadvantages of his last habi-
tation.
The present volume includes
letters to his friend Lou Andreas
Salome, his wife Clara Westaoff
the sculptor, and to or about the
timer creative spirits of his time
lnese letters are in the great
tradluon, beautifully phrased.
most expressive, most revelatory
he was all creator, and "consid.
cred art not as selection from the
world, but rather as its total trans
FORMATION into the glorious You
see what ne means, and see him
demonstrate it, when he writes
about an artist, or even about =
loaded dinner table.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-06

On the whole President Humans must
legislation before the session of Congress that
convened yesterday is worthwhile n de-
serves adoption.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-06

with the growing army Of unemployed,
there would seem to be little reason why it
should be necessary for any workers to work
longer hours while other workers have no
]oos.-Edward Corsi, New York Industrial
Commissioner.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-06

Every regulation which is continued after
VT nov should be submitted to the acid test
of industry criticism, and if the regulations
cannot be fully justified. they should be aoan'
doned.-Bulletin. National Association OF Shos
Manufa cturers.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-09-06
Fair Enough

Editors note.-The Star and the News
accept no responsibility for the personal
views of Mr.. Pegler, and often disagree
with them as much as many of his read
ers. His articles serve the good purpose
of making people Think
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-09
Strikes Threaten Attack

General Arnold sounds an omnous note
when he declares that strikes in United States
plants manufacturing tires and other rubber
equipment for the Air Forces are definite
threat to the bombing Of Japan. Only with
production restored to capacity, he says in
Washington, will it be possible to prevent
withdrawing bombers and fighters from the
attack on Japan
With tire inventories at minimum level -
he says, some American aircraft is grounded
in this country, and shipments Of tires to The
fighting fonts is seriously in danger. 1890
AS the plants affected by strikes manufac-
ture IS per cent of all tires used by the Air
Forces, in addition to other critical equipment
and accessories, it is obvious that non-struck
plants cannot meet the need
The question therefore, is whether the
United States will give Up bombing the
enemy's home islands, which has already ma
terially softened defenses and production there,
and so has contributed to the effort to shorten
the war and save lives, or surrender to strik-
ers at home and call off the air attack
Obviously there can be but one answer The
attack must go on. The strikes must be ended
at once AS negotiation has failed, the time
has come for sterner action President Tru-
mans intervention is needed.
If he appeals to the strikers to resume
work and they refuse he will have but one
course to pursue: seize the plants, put the
armed forces in charge, and resume produc-
tion-at the point of the bayonet if that is
necessary.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-09
More About Hopkins

Since President Truman moved into the
White House public opinion has swerved from
contempt to favor for Harry Hopkins. The
reason is not far to seek. AS suggested In
these columns several days ago, President
Roosevelt so far overshadowed all men in his
administration that no credit was left over
for anybody. Yet it is becoming more and
more apparent as the Hopkins record comes
to light, that he had a vital role in preparing
the country for the war.
Roscoe Drummond, Washington correspon-
dent, who was in close touch with Hopkins
during those trying years, has written some
illuminating paragraphs about him, in which
he shows that it was Hopkins, more than
Roosevelt. who threw the nation into gear
for war. He writes:
Ellis actual role in the war is so different
than has been usually pictured in cartoons,
editorials and newspaper gossip columns, that
the truth about Harry Hopkins-as far as the
war is corcerned-has never really caught Ir
with the reputation he had acquired during
the WPA leaf-raking days Of the New Deal
;The fact is thot when Hitler moved ipte
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-09
Postal Pay Increase

After twenty years, postal employees are
to get pay raise. President Truman has
signed the bill approved in Congress which
grants some 100000 workers in the post office
department an average basic salary increase
OF $40 month They richly deserve it.
OF all the so-caled government mules a
term unfortunately applied to f e d e a l
employees except the Bureaucrats, who are a
caste to themselves, none work harder or
under more adverse conditions Like the show,
the mail must 60 on, at whatever sacrifice to
the postman or office workers that may entail.
The additional money they are now to re-
ceive is insufficient to compensate them ade-
qlately fol the services they render, but at
least it Will ease their daily financial worries,
and make the lot of their families less heavy.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-09

the Low Countries in 1910, Hopkins moved
into the White House, and that day he went
to war. The evidence seems to be conclusive
that he went to war ahead Of President Roose-
welt and harder than President Roosevelt And
while he left many Of his old political cronies
either in tears or in anger, he began to bury
TIE New Deal more than three years before
Mr.. Roosevelt pronounced its demise at, a
press conference at which he said Dr. Win
the-Nar had supplanted DR.. New Deal.
''Thc popular conception of Harry Hopkins,
which has been varied and amended little
by cartooaist and columnist in recent years.
is that he has been a vague, five-starred
Utopian, n1isRuiding the President, cluttering
up the war effort and surreptitiously seeking
to socialiZe tho country under the guise OF
wartime necessity: a handicap to the military
an irresponsible social reformer with world.
rowing commission II ON the White House.
'The judgment OF the highest officials who
have presided over the american war effort
on the kind of service Mr.. Hopkins has rem
dered during the past five years contrasts
sharply with Mr.. Hopkins popular reputation.
Their experience has led them to the con.
clusion that Mr.. Hopkins proved valuable
aid and welcome ally Of the Joint Chiefs OF
Staff. He gained their trust and their respect
He became central force in migrating the
Nations war effort and, as chairman of tho
Munitions Assignment Board, which made the
final decisions on Lend-Lease, in the globaI
prosecution Of the war.
Long before the social reformers in the
Roosevelt Administration began to perceive
that the peacetime policies Of the New Deal
would not mobilize America for total war,
Harry Hopkins recognized this fundamental
fact and began to do something about it.
Even before his chief entirely abandoned the
hope that there could be a soft war, Mr..
Hopkins began kicking the New Dealers out
of the War"
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-09
Ok ma wa ms Sentenced
For Violating Curfev
BY BONNIE WILEY

oK1NAWA-R)-Among the t,,,
cases of Okinawans tried undo,
American military governne,.
were two women and a boy, cor'
victed of violating the night,
curfew.
The 16-year-old boy was septeo.,
ed to 10 days hard labor.
Each of the women-one tooth
less crone and the other youn,
mother with her baby strannss
to her back-were given 80 dav.
at whatever work they can do
The three were disciplined IA,
being outside of the civilian arc.
after curfew.
1t. Ben Holstein of Os STRAIT
ford Pl. Newark, N. j. held fl.
summary provost court in the VII.
lage of Loza.
He repeated the testimony manv
times and had the prisoners ~.
peat it, to make sure they under,
stood why they were being pun.
ished.
1--WE make the rules" he to,d
them "for your protection. Manv
snipers are around and guard,
will shoot, like they almost SIM,
this woman with the baby becau.
in the dark, they thought she wa,
a sniper, as she ran when thew
said to STOP"
Ho1stein wants his court, which
he compared with an American
municipal court, held informary
But the Okinawans like cere.
mony.
The boy and two women bowed
solemnly every time Holesten
spoke. They bowed nearly 10 the
floor when he sentenced them
Adding to the i.npressiveness Of,
Holstein's lecture were the bod.
les of three Japanese snipers
sprawled not far from the oriental
mahogany-floored house where the
trials were held. The japanese
had been shot the night before
Their bodies had been left there
until a burial party arrived.
The court was open to the pub,
lie and crowd of barefoot vii.
layers, many of the women in
cocoanut fiber dresses, squatted
on crossed legs before the judqe.
Holstein explained that the pris.
oners had the right of appeal 10
the chief military government Of
ficer. Okinawan civil courts will
be restored soon but when their
laws conflict with military govern.
ment rules, the latter will prevail,
After the trials, the younger wo.
man told me she understood what
the trial was about.
Eat the time l took the baby
and went out after dark for water, "
she said, II did not realize what
great danger was taking the baby
into. But now. I know I did wrong
and I think the sentence was not
too great"
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-09
DailyPrayer
FOR LIBERATED CAPTlvEs

Myriads of our own beloved men
and women have been delivered
from bitter captivity by the victor
les in Europe and Asi7. Their jub,
ilation, and ours, is tempered by
the scars which mark their minds
and their bodies. Teach us, we
pray, o God, to deal with them
tenderly and gratefully. May we
learn anew from them the great
lesson of the preciousness of lib
erty. Make us all aware of the
great liberty with which Christ
has made us free; that we may
walk on a higher plane and ex'
press our gratitude for. freedom
by noble lives. BY Thy great power,
o Infinite God, Eternal Father,
transform US and our world into
the Kingdom Of Heaven; 50 that
our dear dead, and our precious
ones delivered from captivity, may
not have suffered in vain. Thus
we pray for higher, vaster, com.
pleter victories, in the name Of
the conquering Christ. Amen
WIFE.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-09
New Oak Grove Chapel
Dedicated On Sunday

Dedication ceremonies for the
new Oak Grove chapel were led
by DR.. William Grove, pastor Of
the First Presbyterian cAurch
here, Sunday at 3 p. m. in the new
building.
He was assisted in the service
by the chapeps minister, the Rev.
John D. Macleod, who was recent
ly ordained to the ministry Wnl'
M. Dickson, chairman Of the
Presbyterian Planning committee
for New Hanover county gave q
history of the development OF the
chapel.
Appropriations from the Cen
eral Assenibly's Home Mission
Emergency fund, from the VII
mington Presbytery and gifts IRON
the Oak Grove community mace
possible the erection Of the bullo'
ing.
The chapel is located about one
half mile east of Maffit village
Erection of Sunday school bullr
ing adjacent to the church is plan
ned, according to DR.. Grove
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-09
Philippine Politics

With the liberation of the Philippines Off
cially announced, and fighting reduced to the
ell mination of isolated Japanese pockets of
resistance, there is shaping up the hottest
political campaign the islands have ever
known. The opponents in the presidential race
presumably will be the present Chief Execu-
tive, Sergio Osmena, and Manuel Acuna
Roxas. Word pictures of the two are ably
drawn by David Boguslav in the Christian
Science Monitor. Here they are:
1.-THE storm center of the political typhoon
which appears to be. brewing in the liberated
Commonwealth is Manuel Acuna Roxas, bril-
liant Filipino politician, able economist, some
time brigadier general in the Philippine Army,
at once wooed and held prisoner by the Japa-
nese, a forceful speaker, and universally ac-
cepted in the Philippines as the spokesman
and natural leader of all Filipinos who date
their intellectual and cultural life from the
inception of the American public school
system.
Last week Mr. Roxas, who had been elect.
ed unanimously to be President of the recon
stituted Philippine Senate, in speech on the
floor of the Senate, announced his open break
with President Osmena and his intention to
run for President in the elections which are
expected tn be held in November of this year.
OF the President Mr.. Bogrslav writes:
1T is generally accepted, in the Philippines
that his opponent in the coming election will
be the veteran Sergio Osmena, today by sue
cession President of the Commonwealth. Thi:
grand old man of Philippine politics. since
1907 by turns the enemy and the partner Of
Manuel Luis Quezon, today has one ambition
He has reached the age when the thrill o.
political combat no longer appeals to him
Like all men who can look back on a life
of the highest political leadership, he ha:
turned to the contemplation of his place ir
history He is keenly aware OF the plight II
which the japanese have left his country. Hi:
only desire now is to see the task OF rehabil:
tation of his country get well Under way
Because OF this he may accept Mr.. Roxas
challenge. There are considerations. how
ever, which, coupled with the skill in politica
maneuver which Mr.. Osmena had displayed
in his 40-year career, may at the last moment
alter the alignment completely
What influence if any, the American gov
eminent will have during the anticipated cam
paign is not clear. From the disinterested OBJ
servers viewpoint, it is going to be like bal
game in which a brilliant young pitcher op
poses veteran whose speed, skill and curves
have lost their power, but whose knowledge
of the game nevertheless gives him the victory
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-09
so THEY SAY

Grandpappy Jenkins offers a new slogan
for those B-29 boys: Where there's smoke
there was japanese city,
A pessinaist, says the man at the next desk
is the fe:icw who Tolls about his aforementioned
office, wishing he was back in the good
old days.
A species of South American bees create
sour honey, according to Photographs Looks
like Mother Nature, too, is often guilty OF
wasted effort.
The custom Of wearing engagement rings.
we read, was adopted centuries before the
first wedding ring was worn. Sounds like one
of those long. drawn-out engagements.
The Japanese soldier, we are told. is a
fatalist. Naturally-just joining the Nip armv
is fatal.
The meat shortage has added a lot of sio-
nlflcance to that old smile of being GAS smuo
as hog on ice.''
Mahatrha Gandhi tips the scales at onlv
70 pounds. For such little teller, adds Zadol
Dumkopf the Mahatma certainly MANAGES
to throw his weight around
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-07-09
DICTATORS MEET;
HITLER is ANTI-RUSS

JAN 18-21-"Departure for Salz-
burg. Mussolini arrives deeply
concerned and nervous He
keeps repeating, If anyone had
prophesied on Oct. Is what has
actually happened since, l would
have had him shot
Hitler and his chiefs of staff
are waiting for us on the platform
The meeting is cordial =.
there are no yelled condolences.
"Mussolini says he found very
anti-Russian Hitler, loyal to us,
and undecided about Great Britain.
There is no longer any question Of
invasion. Hitler said the undertak-
ing would be extremely difficult,
and could not be attempted a Sec
ond time, if it failed the first.
subsequently many converse
tons Hitler talks for two
hours on his coming Intervention
in Greece I must admit that
he did this with unusual mastery
Result of the visit: generally
satisfactory >. To us is assigned
the difficult task Of bringing home
The Spanish prodigal son :. Mus
solini is downhea-ted on his re-
turn, as he always is after meet
ing with Hitler"
JAN. 22-'Tobruk has fallen.
There has been a little fighting,
but only little In Albania,
Cavallero is preparing an often
sive. I wait with faith, but little
illusion.
II have given II Duce a grave
and angry letter from Prof. Fac
chi of Leghorn, whose 18-year-old
son was modified Jan. II and
sent to Albania the same day, with
out learning what gun was. This
explains many things"
JAN. 25-"Tomorrow I will join
my air group in Bari -. In the
afternoon 1 saw Donna Rachele
(Mussolini's wife,. She is much
alarmed about the course of
events. AS is her humble nature,
she listens to gossip and small
talk, especially about defeats, and
has no sense of proper tion."
Until April "a there are no fur
Their entries in Ciano's diary dur
ing the period of his army service.
It was a crowded three months,
that saw Axis plans for peaceful
domination of Yugoslavia almost
succeed, only to be wrecked when
the .Yugoslavs themselves threw
out their government March q.
Hitler struck at Yugoslavia and
Greece alike April 6. Croatia was
established as an independent
state" April l6; Yugoslavian
forces surrendered April 10, and
the Greeks April %.
German armor and infantry
tipped the scales in Africa, too.
Benghasi was retaken by the Axis
April and by April IA had re-
crossed the border into Egypt.
Ciano resumes:
APRIL 24-The attitude OF the
Germans Tin Croatia) is not clear.
They gave us a free hand in vi
emma, but to what point are they
sincere?"
GERMANS, ITALIANS
CLASH IN GREECE
APRIL 26-''Together with II
Duce, We draw up the decree to
annex Ljubjana northwestern Yug-
oslavia). 1t is to be an Italian prov
irce with wide administrative au-
tonomy II Duce is resentful
OF the German attitude in Greece.
The Germans practically have as
sumed the air of protectors of the
Greeks. An incident almost occur
red between soldiers of the Casale