davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-07-06

Osborn when he was tapped on
the shoulder and given the as
signment of seeing what could
be done about Strengthening out
some of the twisted thinking of
Nazi PW's.
To re-orient Nazi thinking of
G. German prisoners of war
brought to the United States,
books, newspapers, magazines,
camp papers, schools, lecture
courses, correspondence courses,
pamphlets. guidebooks. radio,
monograph records and movies
are employed.
GERMANS LEARN
AS each of the German pris-
oners lands in this country, he
is given a little pocket u. S.
guide, printed in German. Ger
mans haven't any idea how big
the United States is. Some of
the prisoners sent to Texas got
the idea the train was being run
around in circles just to confuse
them and make them think they
were a long way from every
Z where, and completely lost.
A little History of the U. S.
will follow the guide book. 1t is
ony IL chapters long, leaving
out all the stuff that drives even
American kids crazy. Howard
Mumford Jones of Harva ar d
wrote it, sticking TO the broad
outlines.
A book on the u. S. educa-
tional system will follow, telling
how free it is. German prisoners
don't seem to understand that
, because there isn't any national
bureau of education at the top
stuffing Americans full of doc.
, tored ideas. A book on American
, industry has also been SEIZED.
, uled.
' Before Dawson began to builc
up his organization about a yeal
I and q half ago, he made a tour
: of PW bases and camps to SEE
what he had to deal with. Be-
fore anything positive could b.
! done towards re orienting thu
German prisoners, the Army
e had to stop a lot of things tina
: were being done wrong.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-07-06

gin with. nobody had any ideas
that the Nazis could be Amerl-
canized or democratized, but II
unexpected dividends OF that
kind are earned, the coupons
will be cashed in.
DANGER OF RETALIATION
Two years ago when this pro-
gram first began, the problem
was a little different. At that
time the United States held
only few thousand German
prisoners and the Nazis held
several times as many Ameri-
cans. The danger of Nazi retail
alton or u. S. captives was then
real. but there was another dan
ger that was even greater.
This was that the German
prisoners in their camps, we'll
fed and safe from attack, might
be worked on by the irreconcll-
able Nazis and reorganized into
new German movement, an
underground ready to swing into
action as soon as the war was
over and the prisoners were re-
turned to Germany.
Cordell Hull, then Secretary
of State, and Secretary OF war
Henry l.. Stimson had con
ference on this subject and GU,
of it grew an Interdepartmental
Board of Prisoners OF war
made up of representatives from
State, War, Navy and Justice
Departments.
The Job Of re orienting the
. German prisoners was handed
10 Lieut.. Col. Edward Dawson
- the same lieutenant colone
whose interview with Genera
Won Arnim was reported at thu
4 beginning of this article. Dav
t ison was made head Of a "Pris
\ oner of War Special Project
0 Division" in the Office of tn
4 Provost Marshal General. TIL
r name sounds innocent enough
r but hidden behind that mann
f plate is a fascinating story o
n intelligence IVORY which has un
C til now never been told.
G Dawson was a professor o
: English at the University o
: Colorado, writer, poet an
c lecturer who got his knowledg
of Germany through Guggen
It helm fellowship. He was in tn
o last war, and was in the Moral
n Services division under Genera
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-07-06
German Prisoners of War De- NaZified
by Army's Unique Orientation System
Experts Doubt They But Judous Education
Gives Them Respect for Ways and Institutes
BY PETER EDISON
NEA Staff Correspondent

WASHINGTON - A lieuten-
ant. colonel of military police
who had been given the job OF
inspecting camps for German
prisoners of war in the United
States was questioning a famous
German general at a camp ior
ton rank officer prisoners III
Georgia. The general was the
once proud and tough Fritz Won
Arnim commander OF the Al
rika Korps. He was different
general now - beaten, broken
older and a lot wiser.
Al the end of the interview
he had a request 10 make. =,
DO give us, he said, all
tho material you can on Amer
tca Maybe if we had known
more about the United States
We
Then he caught himself ano'
remembering what he had peeh'
would not go on.
How he would have finisheo
that sentence has always puz-
zled the NIP lieutenant colonel
Won Arnim might have SAID,
we would have planned
differently or he might nave
said, 1--WE wouldn't have star'eo
this war at all.
Whatever he had intended 10
sav- this incident is important
because it reveals better than
any survey could possibly do
that the smart German prison
ers of war held in this country
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-07-06

Approximately $4,000 900 per.
sons held $50 Liberty Loan
Bonds at the end of World War
I. Five issues of Liberty Loan
Bonds were sold from 1917
through 1919. with a subscrip-
ton of more than SIS, 600. 00O, 900.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-07-06

There is only one choice for
a real American - back up the
folks in the service! Otherwise
you let them down!
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-07-06

Notre Dame has never beaten
Chicago or Iowa in football.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-07-06

Of
in
other media OF modern
used to reOIen
Evening star., 1945-01-14
He's Home Again
(See Front C0ver)
BY DOROTHY DUCAS

him. Periodically someone came and put hot
blankets on his leg. But through all that
time of baby bewildefment, Dwight never
cried. He greeted each newcomer with tip
tilted grin. He watched and laughed at the
other boys in the long ward room who had
come to Hickory to be treated.
You'll see lot of Dwight's piquant face
in the near future He'll look down from
10000 Pullman cars, 10000 New York
subways, trains, buses and trolleys. His in
fectious grin peers from the covers of 2OO,-
GOO pamphlets called The Miracle of
Hickory" the National Foundations story
of the treatments provided last summer IN
North Carolina.
Boy Feeding R6U
DWIGHT does not understand all that.
He is busy playing m the foW-room house
near EIenbmo, following his Grandpa
Bycus down to feed the pigs and running
with his sisters But his parents understand.
Private Floyd Hughes, who is overseas, and
Mrs. Hughes say: IF we hadn't had help,
he might not have gotten to hospital. and
he might be cripple today"
Not all victims of infantile paralysis made
such remarkable recoveries. But the little
red-headed boy who never cried - and who
got well i is a symbol of the cause for
which you will give your dimes and dollars
these next two weeks.
Look for another Meet America cOper
and story in merit sCeeks THIS WEEK.
Evening star., 1945-01-14

this isnpish boy during the
next few weeks. Here's why
WyHEN red-headed, two-year-old Dwight
" Hughes woke up that June morning
on the farm in Ellenboro, NJ c.. he uttered
no shout of JOY That was how his mother
knew something was wrong She lifted him
out of bed, and he could not stand. Nor
could he move his right leg.
For impish-faced Dwight that was the
beginning Of strange adventure 1t carried
him across two counties to hospital created
in three days from children's summer
camp, brings him to you now on THIS
WEEKS cover.
For Dwight was one Of more than 1900
who contracted infantile paralysis during
1914, the second worst year in the history
of the disease in this country. He entered
the Emergency Infantile Paralysis Hospital
at Hickory, N. c., on July lst. He left on
August Bird - sealking on his os0n tsoo sturdy
kgs'
What happened in between is the story
of boys courage and a peoples prepared
ness. CHEEKY Dwight, home and healed,
is u symbol of the March of Dimes
which starts its l945 Appeal next week.
Dwight stayed in the hospital for more
than month, away from his mother, his
grandparents, his two older sisters and baby
brother. There were strange faces around
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Yanks' New Owners,
With Vast HOLDINGS,
Begin Regime
BY the Associated Press.

>
NEW YORK, Feb. 22.-The New
York Yankees were in the hands
Of new owners today with formal
completion Of the transaction trans
ferring control of the famed club
and it's vast holdings from the
Rupert estate to Col. Larry Mac
Phail, Capt. Dan Topping and Del
Webb.
A check for $4,000, 900 was turned
over yesterday to Alfred Wottrich
of the Manufacturers Trust Co. in
payment for the 1888 per cent of
the stock held by the three women
heirs Of the late Col. Jacob Rupert.
Payment of 100000 to Edward
Barrow for his 10 per cent of the
stock had been made within the
last fortnight. There remains 3.12
per cent of the stock, still belonging
to George E. Rupert, brother of
the former Yankee owner.
MacPhail took over the presi-
dency and general managership of
the club, while Ed Barrow, retiring
boss, assumed the Craftsmanship of
the Board of Directors. Eight of
the II directors resigned, leaving
only George M. Weiss, vice presi-
dent and secretary; Byron Clark,
jr., Yankees attorney, and Barrow
Of the former group.
About 375 players went with the
SALE In addition to the American
League franchise in New York and
the Yankee Stadium, the Newark
Bears, along with their Rupert
Stadium; Kansas City, with its
park, and the Binghamton and
Norfolk clubs were included.
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Once Eagerly Sought Novikoff
Sent to Los Angeles by Cubs

pudgy outfielder, thereby scotching
recent rumors that the Giants, the
Dodgers and the Braves were seek
ing his services for 1945.
Novikof came up to the Cubs one
of the most ballyhooed Pacific Coast
stars since Joe Di Maggie left San
Francisco for the New York Yam
KEGS. He had been batting cham
pion in the Western Association,
the American Association, the
Three-Eye League. the Texas League
and the Pacific Coast League.
In 1910 Novikoff was the toast
of the Coast, slamming 40 home
runs and batting 1868 for Los An
geleS.
Evening star., 1945-02-22
CLANCY in Main Scrap
Al Turner'S Tuesday

Colon Cheney, the hard-hitting
Indiana heavyweight who belted out
Jackie Saunders in two smashing
rounds at Turner's Arena Monday
night, has been signed by Promoter
Joe Turner to headline his Tuesday
night show.
Matchmaker Gabe Menendez to-
day had offers out to four Eastern
heavies and is hoping to sign up an
opponent before tomorrow for the
Hoosier hot shot who is cunning
for a return match with Dixie
Oliver.
Oliver gained disputed 10-round
duke over Chaney few weeks back,
and his main purpose now Is to wipe
out the defeat as soon as possible.
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Baseball Is War Help,
Congressman Holds

Baseball is gaining friends daily
on Capitol Hill. Latest to 60 to
bat for the game is Representative
Price, Democrat, of Illinois, who
has written into the Congressional
Record that baseball may not be
absolutely essential to winning the
war-but it will help"
In his opinion baseball not only
lifts morale on the home front, pro-
viding relaxation for workers in wal
industries, but also lifts morale OF
our men in the armed forces in all
parts of the world.
What nonwar industry can cite
better record?" he asks.
His remarks were based on let
ter from Sam Breadon, owner OF
the st. Louis Cardinals, who In
formed Representative Price of what
baseball had done as its contribution
to the war effort.
Evening star., 1945-02-22
No Ban Is Placed
On Service Fives
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
The Army and Navy Depart
ments said they have issued no
orders that service basket ball
teams will not be allowed to play
after March /.
The Army Air Force, however,
has prohibited its teams from
participating in tournaments in
order to conserve travel.
Lone exception to the air force
order will be teams In the South
eastern Command, with head
quarters at Montgomery, Ala,
which entered a regional AAU
tournament before the rule was
promulgated.
Evening star., 1945-02-22
GaIIaudet Faces Delaware
On A. U. Court Tonight

. Gallaudet's final game of its reg
ular basket ball season, with Della
ware supplying the opposition, has
been shifted to American Univer-
sity's gym tonight at $50.
The Blues trounced the Blue Hens
In their first meeting and expect to
repeat. Coach Paul Baldridge will
start Roy Holcomb and Tommy Ous-
daden at forwards, Ed Witzcak at
center and Les Massey and Don
Padden, guards.
Gallaudet is pointing for the
Mason-Dixon Conference tourney
opening at Baltimore next week, but
Delaware already has announced it
will not enter the tourney.
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Bulls Swimming Squad
Beaten at Mercersburq

Bulls Schools swimming team, up
against a tough schedule, is discov-
ering that victory is on the ra-
| ton list.
After beating st. Johns early in
the season, Bulls ran up against a
powerful Army plebe tank crew and
went down in defeat. Yesterday the
local schools natators journeyed to
Mercersburg to take on an opponent
noted for its strong swimming team.
Mercersburg won, IS to At.
Mercersburg took five first places,
five seconds and two thirds.
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Sharkey, Mildred Burke
! Victors in Mat Matches

The king and queen of wrestling,
Babe Sharkey and Mildred Burke,
still hold sway today after big
night of tussling In Uncle Joe Tur-
ner's w street barn.
Sharkey body -pressed Vic Christy
in 81 minutes and Mildred put Mae
Young away in 10 minutes with what
is known as cradle hold.
Dave Levin won over Michele
Leone in 43 minutes when Leone
failed to get back in the ring within
the required 10 seconds after Levin
had thrown him into ringsiders' laps.
The Golden Angel drop-kicked
Eddie Hennigan into submission in
I13 minutes in the opening bout on
the card,
Evening star., 1945-02-22
By the Associated Press.

CHICAGO, Feb. 22.-It could hap
pen only to Lou Novikoff, baseballs S
enigmatic mad Russian'-waived
out of the big leagues at the height
Of a manpower shortage.
The Chicago Cubs yesterday re-
leased Outfielder Novikoff outright
to Los Angeles, thereby completing
a unique circle in which the former
batting champion of four minor
loops proved one of the biggest duds
In major league history.
The Cubs originally purchased
Novikof with Infielder Lou Stringer
from Los Angeles in 1941 for $100 900.
All major league clubs waived the
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Landon Nips Dewitt Five
In Revival Of Hot Feud

One of the seasons hottest prep
school basket ball fueds hared again
yesterday at Landon, where the
home team, led by Jack Leachman,
overcame a 9-to-12 halftime deficit
to upset Dewitt, "a to %.
Pacing the second-half rebellion,
Leachman notched IL points for
scoring honors as Landon hung up
its fifth victory of the year.
Evening star., 1945-02-22
IQuint Is Seeking Third
Straight in League

Army War College, which downed
GPO and Navy Department in its
first two second-r6und games of the
District Recreation Department Ne
gro Basket Ball League, will try to
make it three in a row at Petroleum
Administrations expense tomorrow
night at Banneker gym.
-Four other games are on the
weeks schedule.
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Fiqhts Last Niqht

BUFFALO N Y-Johnny Green,
143h, -Lackawanna. N. Y, outpoipted
Bobby Lakin, 14S, Worcester, Mass, 10;
TKod Charles Hall. 131. Buffalo. 6.
ELIZABETH, N. BENNY williams.
15Oh, Newark, outpointed Vincent
Jones, 149h, Tampa, Fla. 8: George
Knox. 1929, Newark, outpointed Al
Startling, 132, Trenton. N. J.. 6.
BINGHAMTON, N. Y.-Sam Shunl-
way, 1SS, Boston, outpointed Bearcat
152. Binghamton.. and Arthur Hardy,
15S. Pittsburgh. drew. 8.
AKRON. Ohio-Bobby Giles. 176.
Buffalo, outpointsd Charlie Polk; ia.
bus, outpointed AL Sanchez. 142. De-
trOit
Evening star., 1945-02-22
BIodensbure Is Winner
OF Court Double Bill

Bladensburg High Schools in
vading basketers scored a double
triumph yesterday over Surratts-
Vile when the boys won So to Is
and the girls, % to 26.
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Peory RuIIy Tops BeIvoir

Camp Peary's Pirates, playing at
home, came from behind to defeat
Fort Belvoir's basket ball team in
overtime. 40 to AZ, last night after
the Engineers had taken a 21-to-11
lead at halftime.
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Lone Court Tilt Close
Tn YMCA Leuque

Westminster defeated YMCA, 43
to 30: Woodward School licked Nay
.lor Gardens, 80 to 13, and Capitol
Pages shaded Falls Church, 80 to 80
In YMCA basket ball play last night
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Foirfux Tokes Another

Fairfax girls chalked up their Sec
ond win over Blair, 35-23, as Maxine
Profit dropped in Is points. Cha
pins IA were high for the losers.
Evening star., 1945-02-22
Sheurers Still Winnino

Morris Young paced Shearers to
another ERGO League win, 1918 de-
cision over Sheet Metal.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-09

Battle battle s. Marines look after themselves In photo
above marine combat correspondents and photographers Two
ma stand in foxhoe brushing their teeth. Left to right are
TVS Byrd Ferneyhough, Washington, D. c. seg James ST.
Dugan, Los Angeles and Staff Sgt Albert F. w. Schuenbe
Ct Louis
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-09
House Votes to Increase
u. S. Debt to 300 Billion

WASHINGTON, March 8. -(P)-
The House voted today to increase
the national debt limit to $500, 000,.
900, 600.
The ceiling now is $3.50, 900, 0OO,-
600, and the actual debt approx
mately $242, 900, 600, 900. The debt
was around $4,000, 900, 900 before
America began preparing for war.
The legislation now goes to the
Senate.
Cataleptic t cks may last
from a few minutes to several
days.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-09
THE WILMINGTON MORNING STAR WILMINGTON NJ c.
CRAHAM'S STATUS
ON WLB STATIC

RALEIGH, March DIR.
Frank P. Graham, president of the
Greater University of North Car
DINA and public member Of the
War Labor Board, said tonight that
his status as a member Of the
WLB has not been altered by the
change in Craftsmanship OF h e
board.
He had reference to the appoint
ment of William H. Davis as eco
nomic stabilizer, and the elevation
Of George w. Taylor, University
of Pennsylvania professor, to the
WI B Craftsmanship succeeding
Davis.
DR.. Graham resigned last Deem
Der as member of the WLB, but
the President did not accept his
resignation and later War Mobil-
izer James F. Byrnes, with h e
President, worked out a plan so
that he might come back to North
Carolina, as requested by the Uni
versity Board of Trustees, but still
be available at the call of the WLB
chairman for consultation purposes
on the general policy and on special
types of cases.
DR.. Graham said his main base of
work at this time is in North Car.
DINA as president of the University.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-09
Civic Clubs Are Invited
To Aid Clothing Drive

At the request Of Wilbur r.
Dosher, local chairman OF the
United National Clothing Collec-
ton campaign, civic clubs are be-
ing invited to appoint representa-
tives to serve on the overall COM
mittee.
The Rotary club appointed Adam
Smith. Carroll Tinsley and era
ham Walton at its weekly meeting
Tuesday, Mr.. Dosher reported yes
terday.
Wednesday, he added, the
Kiwanis club selected Emory
Switzerland, CORTLAND w. Baker
and W. A. Stewart to serve as
representatives.
Mr.. Dosher said that as soon a.
other clubs report he would an
nounce the composition of the ex.
ecutive or planning committees OF
the drive.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-09
GREENFIELD PARK
WORK PROGRESSES

The planting Of flowers and treat
ment of trees at Greenfield Park
went forward last month by the
Parks Department in a further
move to beautify the municipal
park:
supt. Ralph W. Smell reported
yesterday the department devoted
most of its work in February to
preparing plant beds, planting and
mulching at total Of 1870 shade
trees, 43 Towering trees, and eight
shrubs in Greenfield Park and
along the City streets.
IN Greenfield Park, 2,055 aza-
leas and IS Venus Fly Traps were
planted. One hundred and twenty
trees and shrubs were dug and
lined out for further development
from the area cleared and graded
west of the Fourth street entrance
to the park.
The walkway along the lake was
laid out and graded south OF Thir-
teenth street and a new fence
was built around the deer lot. One
hundred and seventh-six feet OF
pipe was installed for drainage
purposes.
In preparation of the plant beds,
IS loads Of rich muck soil, seven
loads of sawdust and 10 loads OF
clay topsoi1 was hauled to the
park. Forty loads Of roots and
debris were removed.
Twenty-Five trees, that were
dead, decayed or obstructed con.
struction, were cut. Trimmed
were 142 trees.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-09
srNATE REJECTS
TAX ON THEATERS

rrcH, March s. R The
RA RAJ heat down today, 1912, an
Sena.7 Nv Senator Aiken of Ca
ettoEt ~ ~ restore a three per cent
taTp Va Il the gross receipts of the,
tax U" md the House-approved
atels adnents TO the continuing rev
anlen" ant Of 1889 went up for final
snaF .,a az tomorrow in the Senate.
' w. art with amendments, now
I illat+i~7ated to raise approxima-
IS Is ts;l30oOO,Ooo in general fund
ley o,Tes during the next bienn-
l'.,, +beater tax, removed in
no l,' had been recommended by
lss'' advisory Budget Commission
IT., ne -removed overwhelmingly by
~ sa' Joint Finance Committee.
u. ..i,on said today its restoration
AMID and rsise from 100000 to $780,
n D,o wear. When it was removed
wv wv wears ago, he said, the State
NV NV II least s35O,Ooo a year, while
~. profits increased $1,000
NJ, ,-,S' wear. He termed that "a
". .;s;cJlous state of affairs"
7oining with Aiken in the floor
etS+ was Senator O'Berry of
I=, VINO said that Governor
r W.: had recommended the tax
" +he Advisory Budget Commits
sion,
Senator's Carlyle OF Forsyth,
Asirn2an Of the Finance Commit
r. and Ward of Craven opposed
siEen's amendment. Carlyle said
hat the Joint committee had CIV
On much study to the tax; and
Ward said that theaters now were
having the highest schedule "B"
fcense tax in the State.
Had the theater tax been resor-
3D. the revenue amendments would
have gone back on first reading.
-V--
Theodore Roosevelt has the
longest photography of any Amer
ican writer-more than 500
works.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-09
PROGRAMS
TO FORE IN AZ STATES

CHICAGO, March 8,-UP)-
Legislatures in session IN AZ states
are planning aviation expansion
and veterans programs, according
to the Council Of State Govern
ment.
All a. Governors in their mes
sages to the assemblies asked for
participation in nationwide
aviation expansions program. Six
teen recommended a state AVA
ton commission, air codes and
air coming laws as well as lmprov-
ed facilities.
Most states are attempting to
centralize administration OF vet
erans' programs now handled by
several commissions, the council
said.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-09
HARD TO BELIEVE

SOUTH HADLEY, Mass, March
B.-U.P)-The fuel situation being
what it is-Mount Holyoke COL
lege girls have sacrificed their
vanity and are wearing, Of all
things, red flannel underwear.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-09

dial Of Valor Saturday. The award
is the highest the Commonwealth
government can bestow.
Brig. Gen. Carlos Romulo said
the medal was created II years
ago but Macarthur will be the
first to receive it.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-09
Argentine Officials Saws
Americas Offer Appear.
Courteous and Honorable

BUENOS AIRES, March 8.-U.D
-Argentina's return to the family
Of American nations appeared
near today when acting Foreign
Minister Cesar Ameghino describ-
ed as courteous and honorable"
the Argentine formula outlined at
the Mexico City Inter-American
Conference.
The formula calls for Argent
mas declaration of war upon the
Axis and her adherence to the
United Nations declaration.
A1neghino said, when questioned
by newspapermen at his private
residence, that he would be
pleased to see the formula ac-
cepted by his government. He
pointed out, however, that it has
not been finally adopted by the
conference and that his govern
ment has not yet received the Of
fetal text.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-03-09
Philippine Government
To Give Macarthur the
First Medal Of Valor

MANILA, March 8.-P- The
Philippine government will present
Gen. Douglas Macarthur the Me-