davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-06-05

there was no excuse for the situation
which brought the shooting about, and
particularly there was no excuse for the
sending of French reinforcements to
the Levant at this time-more especially
Senegalese reinforcements, for it has
long been known that the Syrians par
tlcularly resent the presence of African
troops in Syrian garrisons The French
well may be nervous about maintaining
their prestige in the Middle East, for it
is closely connected with their prestige
and authority in Algeria, Tunisia and
Morocco, where they also have been
carrying out repressive measures against
the Moslem population, about which
little has been made public Gen. de
Gaulle undoubtedly is aware that the
Arab league has visions of including
these French possessions in its orbit.
hence he might welcome a general con-
ference in which France might partici-
pate in discussing the future of the
Middle Eastern states composing the
Arab league, but it is quite clear that
he would do so with special reference
to maintaining French authority in
North Africa as well as in Syria and
Lebanon.
The point to be made is just that this
is not the time to raise these questions
1t is not the time for the imperial in
terests of France to receive a No.
priority in the affairs of a world still
torn by war, or in the concerns of
powers which are still engaged in fight
ing distant and dangerous enemy. The
French have stake in the Far Eastern
war-their great colony of Indo- China.
They are sending troops and ships to
aid in the defeat of Japan, and the
liberation of Indo-China from Japanese
rule. This is no time for France to be
stirring up trouble in the Levant or in
the Mediterranean area generally. Nor
does it seem appropriate for a nation
which itself has just been liberated
from foreign invader, almost altogether
by the efforts of its allies, to be using
artillery, machine guns and airplanes
against the liberties of smaller people
whose independence it has expressly
recognized.
Nor, finally, does it help very much
for Gen. de Gaulle to pour further irri-
tants into the wounds thus created.
The long-range political interests and
economic interests of France lie in close
and friendly cooperation with Great
Britain and the United States for the
rebuilding Of French industry and trade
and the return Of the French people to
some measure of their former prosperity.
tcopyright. 1e45)
Evening star., 1945-06-05
This Changing World
By Constantine Brown

President Truman has the authority
under the existing master agreements
with the recipients of lease-lend to
demand the return to the United States
or any other area he may designate
of all the materials sent to our Allies
as soon as the emergency has been
declared ended.
This has been explicitly provided for
in the treaties signed between the
American Government and other men,
bers of the United Nations.
Apparently there has been misun-
derstanding on the part of the other
nations regarding the meaning and pur-
pose OF the Lease-Lend Act, which, when
1t was passed by the Congress, was
designated as IAN act to promote the
defense of the United States"
A typical example of master agree
ment was the one signed in Washing
ton on June IL, 1912, by Secretary of
State Hull and Russian Ambassador
Litvinoff.
1t provides in Article that "the gov
eminent of the USSR will return to
the United States of America at the end
OF the present emergency, as deter
mined by the President of the United
States, such defense articles transferred
under this agreement as shall not have
been destroyed, lost or consumed, or as
shall be determined by the President
of the United States to be useful in
the defense of the United States or of
the Western Hemisphere or to be other
wise OF use to the United States of
America"
4
Thus under the existing arrangements
the supplies provided by this country
to its war associates cannot be used for
any other purpose than in war neces-
sary for the defense of America or the
Western Hemisphere or in the battle
against Japan, now that the Germans
have been defeated.
Reports over the week end have in
dlcated that, in spite of the denials of
the French government, there is suffi-
clent evidence to justify the assertion
of the Arabs that the tanks used in
the Levant and the planes which
strafed the natives of Algeria, causing
about 10000 casualties, had been given
Evening star., 1945-06-05
Occupation Council

1t is encouraging to know that
General Eisenhower. together with
Field Marshal Montgomery of Brit
ain and General Koenig of France,
is meeting at last with Marshal Zhu-
kov of Russia to organize the over
all Allied control council for the oc-
cupation of Germany. The delay
in establishing this indispensable
agency has been disturbing, but now
that the key military authorities,
each with a separate zone to govern,
are moving toward definite joint
action. there seems reason to hope
for satisfactory coordination of
policy.
The situation is additionally reas-
surfing in view of statement by
Robert Murphy, General Eisenhow-
er's political adviser, to the effect
that Britain. Russia and the United
States have reached agreement on
all but few details of the program
to be put into effect 1t would be a
bit on the too-optimistic side to ex-
pect that there will be a perfect
solution, Immediately, to this ex-
tremely difficult and complex prob
lem, but good progress apparently is
being made. The esta blishment of
central Allied organization is only
a first step, but it is very important
one, Without it, the four occupying
powers would each carry on in it's
own way and thus create an atmos-
phere of interzone confusion and
friction hardly calculated to restore
stability and pave the way for a
sound peace in Europe.
Once the joint commission begins
to function, however, the danger of
divided policy in Germany will be
greatly reduced. even though there
will almost certainly be differences
from time to time. But differences
are unavoidable when four countries
must join in coping with the multi
tudinous problems of occupation. If
this were not inherent in the situa-
ton, there would be no need to
worry, but since it Is inherent, and
since it could get seriously out of
hand If not properly controlled, the
Evening star., 1945-06-05
France in the Levant
By Maj. George Fieldine Eliot

There is tendency in some circles to
applaud Gen. de Gaulle for having
cleverly put the British on the spot"
by his suggestion that the whole Middle
Eastern question now should be the
subject of an international conference,
to include the United States and Russia
as we'll as Britain and France, and to
examine the future, not only of Syria
and Lebanon, but also of the other
Moslem states of the Middle East.
Sober analysis of the situation does
not, however, tend to support this view.
To begin with, the British acted in
accordance with their military and po-
litical necessities, and with the full sup
port of the United States. The British
part Of the war against Japan is being
conducted along line of communica-
tions which stretches through the Med
iterranean, the Suez Canal and the Red
Sea into the Indian Ocean. The Middle
East command of Gen. Sir Bernard
Paget Is vital part of this war effort,
both as controlling the sea communica-
tions on which Admiral Lord Louis
Mountbattens Southeast Asia COM
mand, actively engaged against the
Japanese, is wholly dependent, and as
staging area for British redeployment
toward the Far East Furthermore it
is through this area that much of the
shipping passes which. by way of Ran
COON and the Burma Road, supports the
American forces in China and provides
assistance to our Chinese allies Neither
Britain nor the United States can
tolerate disorder in the Middle East at
this time.
X X X
1t is one thing to recognize, as the
British government has expressly done
on more than one occasion, the proper
rights and special position of France in
the Levant states; it is quite another
to allow the French to endanger the
security of vital military lines of COM
munication by repressive measures
which might very well spread disorder
throughout the Arab states. The Arab
peoples not unnaturally looked to Britain
as the power possessing the strongest
military force and interest in the Middle
East, to protect them from this sort of
pressure, which is hardly consistent with
the independence of Syria and Lebanon,
an independence which is emphasized
at this time by the presence of repre-
sentatives of those states at San
Francisco.
OF course, as already remarked in q
previous article of this series, there is
no certainty as to who started the Shoot
ing. 1t very well may have been some
excited Syrians; 1t just as well may have
been some panicky Senegalese. But
Evening star., 1945-06-05
The Guess SYSTEM

Senator O'Mahoney's quick objec-
tion last week saved the District
taxpayers from being saddled with
a $50,000 item in the Interior De-
partment appropriation bill, under
discussion in the Senate. The
amount is not large, but the prin-
ciple is important.
The principle is that local tax
revenues should be appropriated
only through the District bill, after
consideration by the Commissioners
the Budget Bureau and the appro-
pirate District subcommittee of
House and Senate. For years local
revenues have been appropriated in
supply bills for other agencies, such
as the Department of Justice and
Interior Department.
In the Interior Department bill
this year an item for postwar plan
ming, by the National Park Service,
was increased by adding $4,000 to
be repaid out of local revenues on
the theory that Washington resi-
dents would benefit by that amount.
No one at the District Building
asked for it. No local taxpayers ap-
peared. in favor Of it, No member
OF the subcommittee on District
appropriations requested it or were
consulted. No careful estimate of
benefits" was made. 1t was simply
inserted in the bill and would have
remained there but for Senator
OMahoney, who said the ALLEGATION
was an example of "the guess sys-
tem." 1t is this same guess system"
which determines that a Federal
payment of s6,0o000O represents the
right and proper financial partici-
patton by the United States in
meeting the constantly growing ex-
penses of the National Capital, and
which requires the local taxpayer to
meet costs which are properly the
responsibility of the National Gov
eminent.
Evening star., 1945-06-05
Pun-Arub Conference

The meeting of the Pan Arab
League which opened yesterday at
the Zaafran Palace in Cairo be-
tokens the effective emergence of
the league as an organized factor in
world affairs. The league itself was
launched on the same spot less than
three months ago, on the eve of the
San Francisco Conference, where
five of its members Egypt, Saudi
Arabia, Iraq, Syria and Lebanon)
attend as at least technically sover-
eign units of the United Nations.
The other two members of the
league, Trans-Jordan and Yemen, do
not possess full international status,
TranS-Jordan being covered by Brit
aims Palestine mandate and Yemen
standing in quasi-protectoral rela-
ton to Saudi Arabia.
This meeting was hastened by the
crisis in Syria and Lebanon, which
has caused sharp tension between
France and Britain, and which may
result in great power conference
including America and Soviet Rus
sia. The Cairo meeting can logically
be interpreted as an attempt by the
confederated Arab states to define
their joint attitude and formulate a
common policy regarding not only
Syria and Lebanon but also toward
the broader aspects of the situation
in the Near and Middle East which
a great power conference would
probably consider.
The Pan-Arab League, even as it
stands, is political factor of prime
Importance. 1t represents an area
almost as large as the United States
with population estimated at
30,000,000, nearly all of Arabic speech
and culture and predominantly Mo-
hammedan in faith. Despite consid-
cradle differences in aim and outlook
as between themselves, the members
of the league are substantially
united for the protection of their
common interests as regards all out
side forces and for the promotion of
certain aspirations which, If at
tained, would greatly enhance their
joint power.
While the leagues immediate OBJ
jective is the liberation of Syria and
Lebanon from French tutelage, there
can be little doubt that a similar
evolution is desired regarding Brit
aims special position in Egypt, Iraq,
Trans-Jordan and Palestine, which,
though not formally a member of
the league, is envisioned as an even
tual unit in the confederation. 1t
should likewise be remembered that
the whole of North Africa, from the
borders of Egypt to the Atlantic
coast of Morocco. is inhabited by a
population similarly Moslem and
Arabic, and thus potentially part of
an enlarged Pan Arabism. The
dynamic possibilities of the Pan
Arab movement already crystallized
in the league are thus obvious. The
challenge to great power statesman
ship Is as clear as it Is imperative.
Evening star., 1945-06-05
Argentine ImbroqIio

The sensational dispatch snug
gled out of Buenos Aires by Arnaldo
Cortesi, veteran foreign correspond
ent of the New York Times, has
again brought into the limelight the
thorny problem of Argentina. Mr..
Contests charges that the despotic
character of the present military
dictatorship in that unhappy coun-
try has been intensified since Ar
gentina's adhesion to the Act of
Chapultepec and subsequent admis-
sion to membership in the United
Nations have been checked from
other sources and found to be sub
Stantlally correct. The result has
been widespread disappointment,
coupled with insistent demands that
something be done about it."
Positive action, either unilaterally
by the United States or in conjunc-
ton with the other American re-
publics, is, however, easier advocated
than taken. To begin with, one of
the cardinal principles of the good
neighbor policy which motivates
our diplomacy in the Western Hemi-
sphere is nonintervention in the
internal affairs of our American
neighbors. That policy has gone
far to dissipate traditional suspi-
cions among the Latin American
nations, who have always been ex-
tremely touchy about their sovereign
rights and have resented outside
pressure of any kind Furthermore,
Argentina is no unique offender
against democratic principles and
practices, other Latin American re-
gimeS being similarly authoritarian
in character. Such governments
would be unlikely to approve or sup
port the imposition of political
standards which might rebound
against themselves.
Latin American criticism of the
Farrell regime in Argentina has
been aroused less by its domestic
acts than by it's refusal to support
pan-American solidarity against the
threat of Axis aggression, coupled
with an aggressive attitude of it's
own which was deemed a threat to
its immediate neighbors. That
threat was largely exorcized by the
Act of Chapultepec, which pledged
united pan-American action against
any aggressive move from any quar-
ter. This having been accomplished,
it was deemed wise to heal the
breach in pan-American solidarity
by inviting Argentina to accede to
the pact rather than leave it in en-
bittered isolation. Furthermore, as
the price of admission, the Farrell
regime agreed to declare war on the
Axis, liquidate Axis economic hold
ings and place its considerable mer-
chant marine in the Allied shipping
pool. Those things have been done,
to the considerable advantage of the
United States and other members of
the United Nations, while the end
Of the war in Europe has rendered
largely academic the fear Of Argen-
Evening star., 1945-06-05
PROGRESS Slow
From the Lawrence CKans) Journal-wc

From the Lawrence (Kans,) Journal-world.
Many novel forms for the punishment
OF Germany are proposed in talk and in
print. 1t must be realized by all of the
participants in the discussion that
nothing they could devise would balance
the account. In many ways the harm
that has been done cannot be undone,
and the civilized peoples would sicken
OF a vengeance in kind long before its
execution had been completed. That is
a part of the price they pay for being
civilized, a condition which, with all
things considered, is worth what it costs.
The real problem is to find the means
to let civilization go ahead and afford
as little lost ground as possible to be
made up. Under the best conditions
the progress of civilization Is slow
enough.
Evening star., 1945-06-05

tina as focus of Axis influence in
the Western Hemisphere.
Many informed quarters take the
view that intensified repressive tao
tics by the Farrell regime are sign
OF weakness rather than strength
and that the present bad situation
In Argentina may soon be bettered or
cured by action from within. Ac-
cording to this view, diplomatic or
economic pressure from without
would be seized upon by the Farrell
dictatorship to rouse patriotic emo
tion and thus strengthen a regime
which is tottering and may soon fall
by its own weight.
Evening star., 1945-06-05
Most Helpful Means
From the Providence Journal.

From the PROVIDENCE Journal.
The people of the United States, both
by instinct and tradition, have never
failed to respond to necessities such as
the liberated European nations now re-
veal in unparalleled degree Our first
thought naturally is to succor the suffer-
ing. But we are hardly less conscious of
our responsibility for making what con-
tribution we can to the restoration of a
new and healthier Europe, politically.
economically and socially. Yet we shall
insist that emphasis be placed on human
liberty and the dignity of the individual,
as the most hopeful means of prevent
ing the Continent and the world from
being lashed in the future by even
fiercer storms Of war.
Evening star., 1945-06-05
Vacant Lot

Spring comes here first
Before the hill
Is lacQuered green
While streams are still
Hesitant silDer
Waiting sun.
Before the tDhip
OF March Is done.
First bloom the bases
And soon after.
The rioting taowers
OF golden laughter.
Splitting sunshine,
Warming all,
Who stop to match
Boys playing ball.
GLADYS MCKEE.
Evening star., 1945-06-05
Older Soldiers Plight
To the Editor Of The Star:

To the Editor OF The Star:
I don't understand why Undersecre-
tary of War Patterson has stopped
drafting men over 20 when the Army
is so short of manpower that it cannot
release men over 35. Why does not the
Army draft enough 4-Fs or older men
to replace those over 35 who already
have spent several years in the service?
My husband has been in service for
three years. During that time we have
been unable to have children or save
any money for the future. When my
husband finally is discharged he will be
close to 40 and past the age when en-
ployment in industry will be assured
1t seems to me that the Army policy
Is unfair and detrimental to the coun-
try as whole, since there are thou
sands in the same situation If the
War Department does not change Its
plans, Congress should take action to
correct this situation.
MRS, j. L. JONES'
Evening star., 1945-06-05

creation Of the commission cannot
come a moment too soon. Happily,
judging from current signs, Russia
and the western Allies are agreed
that there should be no more delay
in acting on this point.
Evening star., 1945-06-05
Roosevelt Medical Center

To the Editor of The Star:
In Friday nights edition of The Star
read with interest letter to the edi-
tor pertaining to the naming of the
Bethesda Naval Medical Center the
Franklin D. Roosevelt Naval Medical
Center"
On April %, 1945, I introduced bill
in the House of Representatives to this
effect. At the present time this bill is
in committee and should be brought to
the attention of the members of Con-
gress very shortly for their attention
and consideration.
DANIEL j. FLOOD, NC.
Ad-daleel., 1945-08-22

- -, s,NyJ, s,,I' y oI' ca ~
1L, w., u 49, Wy = al - ,Il w.
L- A c W. y HuJl W. cIl
41' y;;A~ s@ w. -, ISL " ~ y )! ~
-u ,,AJ6 IS 4N- 1lyl SA,,,
>J' Jl ~, y srt AJl .cdjI,G
-J-s' y; e o!u' y 4A\ Sa,J', sl2Jl
.HIl y JJl 3sJ' ~ y! SI1',
3-Ll, .I' &C. ;+al
A ~ ~,,A' c,l,I. '4A' ,,ul 49,
rJ. 49, oG=A oj7, wa; ,,Ll
.oJ' ~ ~ Is, ,,41l 49, oe- j. Jt1'
~, r,t VI, 1Nl Ar H., AL- o~v,
-sAN Is x,,,N, ~ oD, ga s1Il
lJl y s1Il vs. -9Ll ~ y w. ~
-S,4+a s se1l 1,N v&,
t>-o q ,Lu Jl o~s tl, ~y
.-I! AJ|, ,Lll " LJ2 49,,
,,2Jl, LJ, uv| J,~y! w. yASJl, JeJ,
Aeul Jl saJl -osy, J,sJl 5,d~
~ 49, ~, 1J ~ oE]| NV $751;
k; yyl 4. ~ ;Gy 4 ,-J| 4. wv GI Aa
% AZ sA,, 49,, .|AA, NV y,,,N,
Wv cN oIAl - rA' a wv
cA,Jl ~ y, g., J,e 41l " iJ'
w. y rIa Us w. uLJl as 3'4eul
1SL~5l ~ 49, az 4ul 5IY'- uA.l
- ~, " y s wv -y ,er
= A~ ej' ~ Sv; wv s,y. t
J. Jt1l u 81 wv .JEs
3IN ~ oAS - Val +ty' "
u W., co., ss' JI1' ~ ~.1'
AA,i H. yAl Nv; ~, ! Gl-@H,
" 1871 uC, IJ'
ISL eu' - - y wv wv ~ y@5L,
4Ls eAu s1J, *; ~, w y ~,
JII 81! El ~, LA,A liz ~,
II ~ ,uasl - la .,Ul ~
Ad-daleel., 1945-08-22
>ss-e va - V : :-,yl o:-..,

.Y,-1l y; .B c-I s1Jr +sl W.
-~I J,S u j ylJ ~, $500
sS-l -9c, 1JN y .sAJl
w. ~ ~.4
GltssG sLIl eS A,-
t,A-3 ~ sA-Jl t!yl & ISIS, SIS
hINl $3.50, S JGA Nt
- ~ JIG ISL, ISL LJ'L-
- s,y q y, olI j.. as Is $50,
~eL, NIa o'u tsl y ~ itsy',
" oN A- ~ 5,A y N ~; ~,
-,SJ(, N - ~,
0A&1 y - sNel LAI--
~ 10 v~,,,N, EL y Al -N ~
o. ~, 49, 80 ~ 81
IS |-, 80 +el AD 49,,
- ~, rUl .lIl y VS., wv s,L al
1LN " yNyl ~ AN~I u,,,N,
@ cJl 1911 o,vIl kk 4AJi
C=A N@ce ~tA~J
- IS *yy u.I' ca oUl 3b
S-a1, 81 Al 81, ~ sll
,@,, y oJl oAL ~, -AIl - ~
,JloJl Nv Aul oASyl ~; Is, AA, -
-JeN So c-l j. sAae AA
Cl~lL, y ~ @aA, J,Nl o,,, ~~a,J,
SprJ.Nl, oIJl Js ,4Jl " u,LN
Ill.,, ~ wv Jl ol@y9~,
ol wv 5I y oJl o. y Il,
IVY yv!s loul .l,.yl s,E uU, 11Jl
s;IGyAY 10 o-,,,Nv N@JH
s6u >As q ~; o6,
.I-n JHv vul 80 AJN ALl ~
@AJ~l L+i1l " tA A-J -
u.s. atA JS - tA uS-,
= lAJ' ts sN3 8' jb;-
vLl 81 A.,l LAe,- 5L.Jl u IS .,l
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-05-10

Last call to the food sale being
held in, DR.. Barnett's Drug Store,
Saturday from to 8 P. M. under
the auspices of the Wesleyan
Guild, Methodist Church.
Another reminder, too, of the
Rummage Sale in the Fire Dept.
Saturday May 10, sponsored by the
Beulah Class, Epworth Methodist
Church.
Mrs. Herman Wilson spent last
week with her sister, Mrs. Dorothy
Smallwood, who is ill in hospital
in Stanton, Virginia.
Mrs. Harvey Selby spent last
week end with Mrs. Laura Disney
in University Park, Maryland.
DR.. and Mrs. Frank Broschart
had as guests over the week end,
their daughters, the Misses Mary
and Katherine Broschart of the
Visitation Convent, Frederick, Md.
Mrs. Norman Belt is under the
doctors care at her home on
Brooks Ave.
Mrs. Arthur Webster Ewell, who
was i'll this past week is report
ed better.
Mrs. Charles E. Crawford en-
joyed recent visit with her friend,
Mrs. Frank Hudson in Washington.
Mrs. Charles Orme entertained
members of the Homemakers Club
at her home yesterday.
Service men who were home with
their families this week end are
Sic Charles Hershey, who left for
New York yesterday, Jack Walker,
U.S.N. and Sgt. Ernest Lipford,
VISA.
Mrs. Marshall Walker entertain7
ed the members of the Philathea
Class, Grace Methodist Church,
Monday evening in their. regular
monthly meeting.
Mrs. Marion Yoder Drummer
spent last week end with Mrs. Leon
Copper in Washington, returning
to her home here Monday.
The Friendly Bible Glass, Ep-
worth Methodist Church held a
program at the church last Tues
day evening, a unique musical fea-
ture being the Women's Kitchen