davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-14
REGULARS LOSE

Incidentally, the Yannigans beat
the Regulars. 7 10 5, in a squad
game called al the end of seven
innings to permit the players 10
beat the ram and at the same
time catch a bus" for the hotel.
Les Mueller pitched for the
Yannigans and Eaton for the
Regulars. Both pitchers were off
form and hits walks and wild
pitches were frequent The YAM
nIGanS scored three runs in the
FIRST inning, two OF them being
forced across the plate on wild
pitches by Eaton
-Four hits were punched off Zeb
in the fourth for three. more
faiiieS, single by Chuck Hos
totler scoring Boron with the
other marker in the seventh.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-14
CAUTIOUS GAME

%h@ - NV - O@hs'h1
Bodnar's goal broke up another
I OF those cautious, close checking
games like the first two, brought
the Wings their third straight
| Shutout.
They have now lost 10 20 and
10, the three goose eggs making
Stanley Cup history and giving
goalie Frank McCool of Toronto
the honor of being the first to
gain triple shutouts.
They are betting now that the
fighting mad Wings won't break
through the Toronto defense, that
McCool will set what could stand
as an all-time hockey record by
blanking Detroit for the fourth
straight time and winding up the
Cup series here Saturday or Tues
day night.
The cautious game, in which
both teams played for the breaks,
was split wide open after three
minutes of play in the final period
when defenseman Wally Stanow-
ski Of Toronto came up the center
and fed a wide pass TO Bodnar
over on the left at the Toronto
blue line.
Bodnar let the puck go past on
an angle toward the boards, then
feinted his way past defenseman
Harold Jackson of Detroit TO pick
up the puck in the clear and race
in on the net from left wing.
Goalie Harry Lumley dived for
the 2l-year-old Leaf star as he
came skating in, but missed and
Bodnar backhanded the puck
along the ice into the far corner.
FRENZIED TRIES
Detroit went into a frenzied
offensive which forced McCool
and his ulcers TO do handstands.
Time and again the puck came
bounding up TO the net or past the
goal mouth as Toronto fans
chewed their knuckles. But il
would not go in.
Even in defeat the Wings skated
better, looked better than in their
previous two defeats. They started
a rookie, Gerald Couture from
Saskatoon, the training cam r
prize of last fall. who decided then
10 return 10 the u. Of SaSkatche-
wan.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-14

office when the press of duty became too grea
tinue his favorite sport.
Detroit evening times., 1945-04-14

"If 7 am going to
The Nome nugget., 1945-10-10

Even as the Reich crumbled around him, chubby Walter Funk, 55, Hitler's never-say-die econo- mics boss, tried to salvage it late last April by setting up a new government in Salzberg. A one time newspaper writer, the pint sized bon vivant followed less Nazified Hjalmar Schacha as eco- monies minister in 1888 and Reichsbank president year later. He channeled every cent in Ger many toward the war effort. Funk bitterly criticized separations in the 1920's . pamphleteered . became head of the Nazi Party economics section in 1881 Hit ler's first press chief .. then Goebbels state secretary . . di- rected actors and artists propa- ganda was a good pianist famed for his joke telling .. Wooed the Balkans into Ger many's trade orbit.
The Nome nugget., 1945-10-10
R Newsfeatures

Nazi U-boats, the "rattleSnakeS of the Atlantic" were the partic- ular pride of smooth-shaven Grand Admiral Erich Raeder, command er-in-chief of the German Navy until January, 1943. Raeder, 68, was no bowling Hitler zealot. But as a fighting sailor he quickly swung onto the Fuehrer's coat tails for chance to resurrect his scrawny but beloved fleet. He went to sea at Is |. was chief-of- staff at the historic Jutland battle in World War I once navi- gated the Kaiser's yacht =. di- rected naval education bewteen wars became the top com mander in 1928 . stayed on un- der Hitler warned that U. s. conveys would be torpedoed early in 1941 fathered the pocket battleshipS was succeeded by Adm. Doenitz.
The Nome nugget., 1945-10-10
AT THE WALLACE

Capt. Thomas Stewart, Juneau; Christine Sorrel, Unalakleet; Howard Buhrker, Jack Long, and A. M. Campton, Anchorage; O. B. Van Sickle, Pt. Spencer; and V. D. Harding, Seattle.
The Nome nugget., 1945-10-10
IN NOME ON COMPANY BUSINESS

Jack Long, a mechanic for the Alaska Airlines, and A. M. Comp ton, of the engineering depart ment, are in Nome for a few days on company business.
The Nome nugget., 1945-10-10

When the original draft of the U. s. Constitution was displayed at its sequicentennial celebration in Philadelphia in 1897, it was in- sured for $500,000.
The Nome nugget., 1945-10-10
Shirtsleeve Diplomacy Takes Over
By HAROLD WARD

a husky, 42-year- native of Pittsburgh, where the steel and coal industries have seen bitter labor-management clashes.
 Edgar L. Warren, who took over as director of the U. s. con- ciliation service under the recent Labor Department shuffle, dem onstrated his organizational abil- ity as chairman of the Kansas City and Chicago regional War Labor Boards.
 In Chicago he handled more cases than any other of the boards 12 regions. Working in his shirt sleeves, the greying Warren took several of the toughest labor dis putes in the Chicago area-includ- ing the city-wide truck strike which resulted in Army interven- ton.
 While there he also had to com bat virtual management sitdown strike over board directives. Elm ployers refused for while to abide by VILE orders.
 The reorganization work War ren performed in Kansas City will serve him well in his new job revamping and bolstering the con- ciliation service, which now num- bers 250 commissioners.
 Secretary of Labor Schwellen- bach, telling reporters of War ren's appointment, said the con- ciliation service during the war had been forced into the role of mere certifying agency" for the War Labor Board. That is, the service certified that there was dispute, and VILE settled it.
 # *
 Schwellenbach laughingly ad- mitted that Warren's Missouri family background didn't seem to be handicap" in his selection for the job. President Truman also is a Missourian.
 Neither was it a drawback to Warren when he was appointed chairman of the Kansas City board. The national WLB then was trying to find a man at least familiar with local Kansas City problems. It found him in War ren, who was then assistant direc- tor of the wage stabilization divi- sion of the board in Washington.
 Warren, it was discovered, had been graduated from Kemper Mil itary School, Boonville, Mo-, founded by his grandfather, Fred erick T. Kemper. His father, Will liam R. Warren, was editor of the World Call' and the Christian Evangelist" of St. Louis, periodi- calls of the Christian Church.
 After graduation from Bethany (W. VaO College and taking grad uate work at Harvard Business School and Brookings Institution, Warren became an economist for the Ralston-Purina Co. in St. Louis, remaining there for seven years. In 1883 he came to Wash ington as an economist for the Az riculture Department, and in 1888 went over to the Labor Depart wages and hours division.
Evening star., 1945-08-12

(See HSIN-KIANG. Page C-3O
Evening star., 1945-08-12
War Review
Japs,, Admitting Defeat,
Ask for Peace
By Howard p. Bailey

Only the diplomatic formalities stand
in the way of peace.
Japan, defeated and faced with
prospects of greater devastation than
the civilized world has ever known. has
notified the Big Four of her acceptance
of the Potsdam ultmatum, asking as a
condition only that one point not COW
cred In the demands of the surrender
terms be clarified through a specifica-
ton that Hirohito be permitted to re-
main on his throne.
To this condition, the Big Four
after "a hours or consultation, agreed
with further condition superimposed
on the Japanese condition that the COM
mander Of the Allied occupation forces
govern Japan through the Emperor dur
ing the period OF occupation and that
Hirohito obtain the signatures Of the
government and military high command
to the acceptance of the terms as well
as orders to all Japanese forces where
ever situated to surrender at once.
AS this is written, no reply has been
received from Japan but little difficulty
in obtaining acceptance is anticipated.
Rocked twice last week by the worlds
most destructive and terrifying weapon,
the atomic bomb, and with their last
hope Of prolonging the war cut from
under them when Russia declared war
and sent her armies plunging across the
Manchurian border, the japanese finally
fEAe REvIEW pee. r-eA
Evening star., 1945-08-12

their business tenfold from a further
cultivation of the present market. To
sustain the number of aircraft I have
mentioned 1t will be necessary that air
transportation be made available to the
average traveller" To reach the "av-
erage traveller" as to reach the aver
age purchaser" of any commodity, it is
necessary that he be offered the COM
modify at price within his resources.
Price" therefore, is the compelling
factor in any program designed to
broaden a market, and price must be
the principal factor utilized if we are
to increase that market for air transpor-
tation by more than 900 per cent.
1t is my opinion, based upon discus
sions with a reasonable number of
people whose opinion value, that the
average traveller could be sold on air
transportation at 3-cent-a-mile fare;
believe that many shippers would be
encouraged to use air cargo If the cost
Of transportation could be brought
down to approximately 80 cents a ton
mile. At those rates, my own personal
opinion Is that reasonable and sus-
tanning load factors could be attained
to support an airline feet of approxi-
mately $500 transport aircraft of the
type which believe could be used to
meet any military contingency.
Now, obviously, this feet of aircraft
to be operated by our commercial air
carriers must be self-sustaining 1t is,
therefore, essential that the commercial
air carriers be able to provide seat miles
at less than 3 cents and ton miles at
less than 80 cents. This means that
carriers must reduce their operat-
ing costs to the extent that will permit
selling passenger fares at cents mile
and selling cargo transportation at 30
cents ton mile. Whether this can be
accomplished only most careful study
can determine. To accomplish it is GER
tainly a challenge to our commercial
air leadership.
Two Basic Conditions.
Surely If this challenge Is to be met,
at least two basic conditions must OBJ
tain:
(a) There must be the fullest pos
sible utilization of the airplane's Ca
pacity In payload consistent with
safety.
CD The air carriers, together with
the aircraft manufacturers, must
carefully analyze and survey every
factor to discover and utilize addi-
tional methods of contributing to the
economy of air transport operations.
The fulflllment of the first of these
requirements-the ability to utilize to
the maximum the payload capacity of
Evening star., 1945-08-12
CHINA OPPOSES RED HOLD IN HSIN-kIANG

golden opportunity to extend its in
fuence in Hsin-Kiang. Russia had Just
completed the Turkish railway, running
along the western boundary of Hsin-
Kiang for hundreds of miles, and was
ready to enter upon contest of political
and economic supremacy in that new
field.
In response to Gov. Chin's appeal, the
Soviet government rushed to Tehwa
three bombing planes, many machine
guns and rifles and large quantity of
ammunition. That was in the autumn
Of 1881. With this assistance. the
"Murderous Governor" was able to de-
feat Gen. Ma. Russia, of course, de-
manded high price for the aid she
rendered.
Secret Treaty Signed.
That price was a secret treaty"
signed on November /, 1881, by which
Gov Chin is said to have agreed:
ITO allow the Russians to export the
products of Hsin-Kiang to Russia with,
out special permit and without paying
export duty
ITO give Russia the exclusive right to
promote industrial, agricultural, cleo
trical and transportation enterprises
for economic development of Hsin-
Kiang
ITO allow the Russians freedom of
travel in -Kiang.
ITO allow Russia to establish radio
stations at Tehwa and Kashgar, and to
open telegraph communication between
HSin-Kiang and Russia
Thus did the U. S. S. R. become
power behind the gubernatorial chair
OF Gen. Chin and lay the foundation
for the eventual Russian control of
Hsin-Kiang. Gov. Chin, with the aid
OF Russian money and Russian arms,
managed to keep his post for some time,
but his maladministration was such
that, in April, 1898, the native Mo-
hammedans staged coup at Tehwa
and forced him to flee to Russia
After brief sojourn in Russia, Chin
secretly returned to China, but while in
hiding in Shanghai in 1888 he was ar
rested and arraigned before the SUI
preme Court Of Kiangsu Province. At
the court three delegates from Hsin-
Kiang appeared as witnesses and ac-
cused Chin Of selling" their native
country to Russia. As consequence,
the trade and industry of Hsin-K -Kiang
were, they said, monopolized by Rus
slams, while Communist propaganda
kept pace with Russia's economic pene-
tration. According to their testimony,
Russians set up shops and factories in
all principal towns and put the Chinese
and natives out OF business.
Throughout the long period Of China 5
struggle against the Japanese invasion
(See HSIN-KIANG, Page C-3O
Evening star., 1945-08-12

where from 100000 to 100000 square
miles, the size of all New England States,
Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and
Wisconsin put together. Yet its popu-
lation is only something variously esti-
mated at between 2,500,OOO and 4,36o, 900.
of which less than half a million are
Chinese.
Ethnologically and cplturally, Hsin-
Kiang is part OF Turkestan. Although
it was annexed by China in the heyday
of the Using Cor ManchW Dynasty, it
was SO remote and inaccessible that its
Mohammedan chiefs had never been
fully brought under Chinese control.
The successive Chinese governors of
Hsin-Kiang, entirely out of the control
of the central government at Peking
or Nanking, invariable maltreated the
natives, while the 100000 or so Chinese
settlers joined with them in exploiting
the natives.
Russia Takes Holds
Russia got a stranglehold upon Hsin-
Kiang in about the same way as she
had upon Mongolia. Here Is the story.
Between 1929 and 1888 one Chin Shu-
jen was the Chinese Governor Of Hsin-
Kiang. He was called the "Murderous
Governor" because Of his wholesale
massacre Of Mohammedan natives.
At that time the Seth Division Of the
Chinese Army In Kansu Province was
commanded by Gen. Ma, Chinese
Mohammedan. Gen. Ma. responding to
the urgent appeals of the prosecuted
Mohammedans, led his troops into Hsin-
Kiang. and carried on q consanguinary
warfare against his compatriots who
had abused and murdered native Mo-
hamuedAns.
Then Gov. Chin invoked Russian aid
That furnished the U. 8. s. r. with I
Evening star., 1945-08-12
By X. K. Kawakami

Premier T. v. Soong of China is once
more back in Moscow engaged again in
his parley with the Soviet government
where he left off few weeks ago when
Premier Stain had to go to Potsdam.
His previous talks with Stain con-
cerned, it has since transplred, chiefly
Manchuria to counteract the japanese
concessions proposed to Russia in regard
to that territory.
The next important matter on the
Soong Stain "agenda" is the status of
Hsin-Kiang, or Chinese Turkestan.
China is solicitous that Hsin-Kiang
shall not go the way of Outer Mongolia
which she has all but lost to Russia.
In the past two decades China made
repeated representations to Russia,
claiming Outer Mongolia as Chinese
territory. But Russia believes in the
theory that possession is nine points
of the law"
Conceivably, China is resigned to the
loss of Outer Mongolia Possibly she is
ready to give up that territory much as
a private corporation would write off a
bad debt, for there is nothing else she
can do about it.
Russia Already Entrenched.
But Hsin-Kiang China wants and
hopes to hold securely in her hand.
This she cannot do unless she enters
into mutually satisfactory agreement
with Russia. For Russia has already
entrenched herself in Hsin-Kiang.
Some years ago Chang Kai-shek's
government, with one eye cooked at
Moscow, proclaimed Hsin-Kiang part of
China proper. China thus hoped to
improve its legal position in Hsin- -Kiang
vis-a-vis Russia. How much or how
little effect this nominal measure pro-
duced upon Moscow may be seen in the
Russian refusal to permit any Chinese
airplanes to fly over Hsin-Kiang. Be-
fore the war, when China employed
many German advisers, including Gen
Won Falkenhausen, China formulated a
plan to open an airline from Shanghai
to Berlin, using German planes for the
purpose. The plan was promptly vetoed
by Moscow because Hsin-Kiang was an
essential link in the proposed route.
What is Hsin-Kiang? It is a big
territory jutting out from the main body
of China like an inland peninsula, .
bounded by Outer Mongolia and Siberia
on the north, and by Tibet and India
on the south, its wide 4promoto1y'
touching Russian Siberia In the dark
heart Of Central Asia on the west. Its
area Is variously estimated ranging any
Evening star., 1945-08-12
Through Flight Suggested.

Continued on Page C-6, Column 4
Evening star., 1945-08-12

tne alrplane consistent with Safety-re.
quires the joint action of the Govern
ment, the manufacturer and the oper-
ator. In the fulfillment of the second
requirement-economy in operation
the same three parties are involved, but
the emphasis is primarily on the initia-
tive OF the carriers, aided by the aircraft
manufacturer and encouraged by the
Government.
Air transportation has been and
must be regulated industry, operating
under rules and regulations prescribed
by governmental agency. Regulations,
first, must be predicated upon facts
and, second, they must be reasonable.
They can be progressive, forward look
ing and constructive, or they can be
permitted to become static and sitting.
In young industry, utilizing highly
technical equipment, it is essential that
the rules and regulations consistently
reflect technical progress and the con-
stantly accumulating operating exper-
ience.
Safety Factor Vital.
do not profess to be an authority in
matters pertaining to Government reg
ulation Of the air transport industry,
nor Is 1t within my province to pass
Judgment on such matters Without
passing judgment on the merits of the
matter however I can illustrate what
l mean. In the operation of an air.
craft, commercial or military, there is
definite gross load which the operator
must not exceed if he is mindful of the
safety OF his operation. Obviously, the
safety factors governing commercial op-
erations must be more exacting than
those controlling the operation of the
military aircraft. In other words. the
calculated risk for the bomber is justi-
f1ably greater than it is for the COM
mercial transport
However. If the gross load of the
commercial aircraft is unnecessarily
limited with a resultant decrease in the
payload capacity of the aircraft, the
cost per passenger mile and per ton mile
will be greater than is the case when
the permissible gross load is increased.
BY force Of circumstances. the military
services have been required to operate
military versions of the commercial
type transport industry. 1t would seem
desirable that a careful study be made
based upon the vast operating expert
ence which has been obtained in this
war. to make certain that the gross
weight of aircraft operating in COM
mercial services is not unnecessarily re-
stricted.
1t must be realized that when we un-
duly limit the transportation capacity
Of an airplane, we do not so much Pc
nalize the operator of that airplane as
We penalize the travelling public We
make it impossible for the airline op-
orator to perform public service at the
lowest possible cost Therefore, we deny
service to millions of potential pas
sengers.
Through Flight Suggested.
A second illustration emphasizes
different aspect. of the same matter
Although it is self-evident that the air.
plane is the only medium of transporta-
tion which has the ability, irrespective
of land or water barriers, to go from
one point to another in a straight line,
that fact frequently is lost sight of in
its operation. AS fleets of long-range
aircraft become available, and they will
be soon so will through passenger and
cargo loads between major points be-
Continued on Page C-6 Column -
Evening star., 1945-08-12

tsee REVIEW. Page C-e3
Evening star., 1945-08-12

The public assistance programs are:
I'd Old-age assistance, which goes to
aged persons who were not covered by
old-age and survivors insurance, now
operated by 48 States the District of
Columbia, Hawaii and Alaska; t2) aid
to dependent children, operated by At
States. the District of Columbia and
Hawaii; CD aid to the blind, operated
by A States, the District of Columbia
and Hawaii. These programs are con-
Quoted by the States, but with Federal
participation in the cost of payments
and of administration.
Despite the fact that farm workers
domestic servants and other groups are
not yet covered by the security system,
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-07-12
"PENICLLIN GOES TO THE DOGS"

Advertisements recently have carried this headline to an
nounce the news that the new wonder drug" is now plentiful
enough to be used for treatmen of animals. We have heard that
there is at least one case in Glasgow where a pet belonging to
a soldier overseas has been saved by it to greet her master when
he comes back from war.
Penicilin will have a wide application with livestock and
other farm animals. At the same time, authorities are cautioning
that, miraculous as its workings are, penicillin is not a cure-all
Like the sufa drugs, this new drug is effective against
some types of disease-producng germs but wholly useless
against others" says one such authority. For this reason, a vet
er1narian should check any sick animal before penicilin is pre-
scribed. The technique of penicilEn administration is also comp
Heated" Further it is of no value against virus disease such as
hog cholera and sleeping sickness. Many of its uses are still
subject to further research.
The miracle mold" has its place, and a high one, in the field
of medical discovery. Nevertheless the impossible should not be
expected from il.
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-07-12
Selecfive Service
OeeIce Ordered
ON H4-Hour Week

The local selective service board
has received instructions for follow
ing the 44-hcur week for the selec-
tive service system, it is announced
AS a result, the local board office
will close at l each Saturday.
The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current, 1945-07-12
Housewives Urge
Sugar Cuts in
"Non-ESSenfialS"
BY Courier Correspondent

HINSDALE Western Valley
equity housewives meeting at the
Hinsdale community hall Friday
afternoon demanded as "vitally nee
eSSary" a restoration of home can
ming sugar quotas to previous higher
levels and suggested that this might
be done by cutting sugar quotas for
"non-esSential" products.
Mrs. Ben Eaton presented figures
on the current sugar shortage. She
said the recent drastic cut in cam
ing sugar from go pounds per per-
Son last year to 8 pounds this year
has imperiled the preserving of
large quantities of fruits and other
foods for home consumption. She
said that industrial users have also
been cut so percent and that candy
makers, bakers and ice cream
makers will receive only 40 percent
of normal supply this year.
She stated that last year over
205, 100000 pounds of sugar was
used by brewers, with some 80 mil
lion pounds used bv distillers.
Mrs. Eaton. Mrs. Ella Rumble and
Mrs. E. F. Simmons were named as
a committee to draw up a resolution
asking that the cut in home canning
sugar be restored and suggesting
in the quotas for LIQUOR and
other non-eSSential uses. Copies of
the resolution will be sent to Presi-
dent Truman. OPA Administrator
Bowl6S, Secretary of Agriculture
Anderson, WPB Chairman Krug and
senators and representa-
tiveS.