davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-10-31
Two High Nazis Plan
To Plead Nof Guilty
Al War Crimes Trials
w the Associated Press.


NUREMBERG, Germany, Oct. 81.
Two top-ranking Nazi leaders
Hans Frank, gauleiter for Poland.
and Baldur Won Schirach, Nazi
youth leader-will plead not guilty
as war criminals on the ground they
were acting under orders, their at
torney said last night.
They are among the % high Nazis,
who are now busy in their prison
cells choosing attorneys and build
ing their defenses for trials which
will start November 20 before an
international tribunal.
Fritz Sauter, noted Munich attor-
ney chosen by the two defendants,
said the basis of his case would be
a joint statement from the two say
ing: IF I had laid down in my
duties, the Fuehrer would have call
ed it defeatism and treason"
May Defend Ribbentrop.
Sauter was said by court spokes-
man to be scheduled also as counsel
for Joachim Won Ribbentrop, one
time foreign minister.
Grand Admiral Karl Doenitz has
asked to be defended by DR.. Kranz
Buhler, former legal officer in the
German Navy.
Copies of all documents selected
by the prosecution as the founda-
ton of its case are to be made
available to attorneys for the de-
fense, 1t was learned.
'"The prosecution has such a
that it can afford to do this mag
unanimous thing" spokesman said.
Assignment Protested.
DR.. Hans Marx, Nuremberg law
yer ordered to defend Julius
Streicher in the war crimes trials,
has protested the assignment be-
cause the anti-Semitic leader i'm
prisoned the attorney in 1886 for
his affiliation with Free Masonry,
1t was learned last night.
julius Streicher, the anti-Semite
propagandist, will plead in his own
defense all points dealing with the
Jewish problem when he faces trial,
his attorney said today.
The attorney asserted that
Streicher's good points" included
the claim that he freed 80 Com
munists from Jail every Christmas.
Marx said Streicher apologized to
him yesterday at their first con-
ference for having him jailed in
1896.
Mrs. Christian Schauf1er, who
with her husband occupies the same
house as Marx, said the lawyer is
a gentle and secured the release
of many people from concentration
camps.
He received the Druiden Medal
because of his services to Masons,
and Streicher had him jailed and
kicked out of the Nazi party" she
said.
A military government spokes-
man said Streicher especially asked
for Marx as his counsel and that
the lawyer finally agreed.
Evening star., 1945-10-31
Mothers 20-Year Search
Ends as Son Locates Her

BY the Associated Press.
LOS ANGELES, Oct. 31.-Don
Royce Mahin, %, didn't know until
recently that his mother had been
searching for him for 20 years.
The end of the search came yes
terday when he received this tele-
gram fran Mrs. Felix Prayer of
Tampa, Fla.
God bless you. After 20 years
of my searching for you, my son,
you were the one who found me. So
much to say. All my love- Mother. -
Twenty years ago Mrs. Prayer, now
the wife of retired Army officer,
divorced Dons father, C. A. Mahin
Then Mr. Mahin remarked and the
new Mrs. Mahin raised Don and his
brother Lynn. A few months age
the boys father became Ill and be-
fore he died, their stepmother dis
closed to Don that she was not his
real mother.
The stepmother said to the best of
her knowledge the mother now lived
in Tampa. Don wrote Tampa police
and the telegram from Mrs. Prayer
was the result.
Evening star., 1945-10-31
ltimore-CumberIund
Plane TruveI Started
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
CUMBERLAND, Md. Oct. 81
Commercial airline travel between
Baltimore and Cumberland began
yesterday, the first plane landing
here with one passenger.
Arrival of the Columbia Airliner
plane was delayed by bad weather
which prevented takeoff from
Baltimore on schedule. The plane
began its return trip to Baltimore
with three passengers.
Evening star., 1945-10-31
Carrier Enterprise Leaves
New York for Boston
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Oct, 3i.-The air.
craft carrier Enterprise left here to-
day after two weeks In which half
. million persons visited her decks.
Hudson River traffic slowed down
while six tugs pushed big E. away
from Pier 26 and started her toward
Boston, where she will be re-
equipped and sent to Europe to pick
Iup her first load Of returning war
veterans.
The carrier Monterey already had
gone to the New York Navy Yard for
similar re-equipment. Both car
riers are expected to start for
Europe about November Is.
Evening star., 1945-10-31

Ross, 1t was testified, has been
employed by the sanitary commits
sion for about two years. He had
been driving for 20 years without a
traffic conviction.
The defendant was represented
by Donald Staley of Silver Spring.
States Attorney Joseph B. Simp-
son, jr, prosecuted the case.
Evening star., 1945-10-31
Sonqbirds In Majority

The order of songbirds, youngest
in point Of evolution, Is the DOM
inant group Of living birds. There
are $4,000 species.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-07-02

for the simple reason that no one
had ever thought of going into the
field SO extensively before.
For example, to determine the
diameter of hundreds of cotton
FLYERS, which as any cotton farmer
knows, are minute in themselves,
the research worker would have
had to study each one through a
microscope, and measure it with
a millimeter ruler. That is job no
laboratory worker enjoys, peering
into a microscope with one eye is
not a pleasant task.
DR.. Moore went to work and with
little ingenuity rugged up what
he terms microprojector. A
microscope is put into a leaning
position so that the rays from a
lamp are directed through the base
OF it, mirror is put at the top
and the image of the subject under
the lens is reflected upon a paper
in front of the worker, so that all
he has to do is measure the width
of the FLYER on the paper. To make
this job still easier, DR.. Moore hit
upon the idea of mercerizing
the flyers and dying them congo
red so that they could be meas
ured more easily.
Similar instruments were used
throughout the laboratory to de-
termine the other questions he
sought to answer.
Theme For Work
BY this time DR.. Moore began to
work out definite theme for his
work, which he terms in this way:
THE influence the genet.c consti-
tuition (heredity) and the nutrient
balance (fertilizer) in the growing
medium (soiD have upon certain
economic physical fiber pro-
perties SELLING quality, spinning
quality of American upl n
cotton"
To add even more to the work,
from its beginning he has planted
small plots of cotton at various
points over the state, where sever
al of the varieties he is testing may
! be grown. In addition, with other
members OF the Experiment Sta
ton staff he is cooperating in the
development of new or improved
varieties. AS he points out, other
plant breeders concern themselves
primarily with the yield and adj
aptability of the cottons, while he
studies their fiber and spinning
qualities, and between the two,
cotton production in North Caro-
lima should have definite boost.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-07-02
United Nations Lawyers
To Form Organization

progress, and reported keenest in.
terest in many quarters.
Lawyers will have much to do
to insure the smooth functioning
of the new Security Organization,
and to develop understanding
among the peoples of the United
Nations, said a joint statement
made by Kenny and Judge Glib
son. This understanding must be
founded upon clear exposition of
the systems of law and justice
prevailing in the several United
Nations"
Detectives of the new organiza-
ton include furthering the inter.
ests of the legal profession through
out the world; giving aid to the
United Nations in its program OF
international cooperation; facili-
tating exchange of jurists, scholars
and legal publications; and zen.
HANGING the development and dig.
unity of international law"
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-07-02

From an intercepted telephone eau
Il was learned that Ribbentrop pre-,
tended to know the content o'
Mussolini's speech
.sMackensen brings a message
from Hitler to II Duce. His best
wishes He accepts the offer
Of the Bersaglieri (crack Italian
troops, and will send some regi'
ments of Alpine soldiers IN ex
change"
THE DAGGER FALLS;
GOD HELP ITALY
JUNE 1O-"Declaration OF war
7 received Poncet first who trlec
not to betray his emotion. Alter
listening to the declaration, ne re-
piled: 1t is a dagger blow STRUCK
at a fallen man.
Editors note: President Roose'
welt, speaking the same DAY al
the University of Virginia, SAID
.The hand that held the dagger
has struck it into the back O. Its
lneighbor.'
".The Germans are hard mas
tiers. You will become aware o.
| it, l did not answer. This did moi
seem the time for debate. DOM
get yourself killed. he concluded
pointing to my air-force uniform
and he clasped my hand.
"Sir Percy Lorraine was more
llaconic and inscrutable. He rsceiv'
ed my commune alton without
| batting an eye -.
"Mussolini speaks from the bal
cony of Palazzo Venezia. The news
of the war does not surprise any
one, and does not arouse very
much enthusiasm. l am sad,- very
sad May God help Italy"
(Tomorrow: Mussolini bows to
Hitler again.)
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-07-02

bers of his unit had picked up the
Nip raiding planes on their detec-
ton equipment and had flashed the
warning to 5th Hq. where the mes
sage was handled by Cpl Werth-
elmer. The two convalescents had
never met however, until they
reached Camp Davis.
Although neither of the Camp
Davis men knows whether he &C.
counted for any of the raiders.
rs Sterritt got few night shots
at what he thinks were Japs sneak
ing up on the strip. According to
complete account of the action
which appeared in the March Air
Force magazine-and which the
two convalescents read with inter.
est-a good many paratroopers
were shot by the quick, If not over
skilled trigger fingers of the AAT
clerks, cooks and mechanics.
For Cpl. Wertheimer, who ar
rived in the Philippines. like many
other 5th Air Force men via Aus.
tralia, New Guinea and the Meth.
erlands East Indies, the brush with
the paratroops capped the unen.
viable experience of being on a
transport in .Leyte Gulf when a
Jap suicide pilot, after cutting
loose with two aerial torpedoes,
dove his fighter-bomber into the
open number three hold of the
ship in futile effort to sink her.
The opinion of both the conva.
lescentS concerning the paratroop
attack is summed up in the first
words rs Sterritt had to say on
the subject: 1T was a rough 90
for few days"
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-07-02
The Dagger Falls, Duce
Is Happy; But Ciano
Writes, God Help Italy
CONTINUED From Page Four)

IL l.
that the date be changed by a
few days because shortly he pro-
poses a decisive attack against
French airfields. He fears Italian
action might cause a reshuffllng OF
French air forces, interfering with
the German plan of destruction
|. II Duce agrees in principle
he prefers the 18th, "a fatal
day for me-
JUNE I'll Duce writes his
answer to Hitler He selects
June II.
During the evening Mackensen
asks urgently for a hearing and IN
Hitler's name WithdraWs the ear
|lier objections. 1t seems now that
intervention sooner than the one
proposed would be more welcome.
This is impossible.
1--WE have moved some divisions
and a declaration of war before
June II would catch them in half
stride.
JUNE 3-"Alfieri telegraphs Hit
ler's approval Mussolini says
the King, too, finds the date salts
factory, perhaps because of the
slight delay, perhaps because of
his birthday Nov. I'D, and per-
haps because as a recruit he was
assigned No. I'LL"
JUNE "A council of ministers.
All are expecting political sensa-
tons, but IL Duce capriciously
gives today's meeting strictly
administrative character .
Only at the first, he said, This is
the last council meeting in peace
.. l assumed command of a
squadron of bombers at Pisa"
JUNE ST. Duce, who had plan
ned previously an air attack on
France, has decided now to bomb
British ports in the Mediterranean
and to remain passive Coward
France) unless our action
would finish the job
JUNE 6-'I find II Duce angry.
His Majesty has written a
letter in which he repeats that he
assumes command, entrusting a
the same time to Mussolini the
political and military conduct O.
\ the war;"
II JUNE 8-''NeW German sue
cesses, but one still cannot speal
of a breakthrough Mussolin
reads to me the speech he will
| deliver at p. m. Monday (Junt
1O) when the nation will b.
called to listen II Duce
is happy about French resistance
because the Germans at last are
being weakened and will not reacl
the end of the war too fresh ane
too strong"
JUNE 9-"n Duce was angry
this morning at the Germans.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-07-02
0PA STEPS LIKELY
TO FIRM PRICES

WASHINGTON, July L. R -
The OPA today took a step which
may preclude the return of prices
for rayon garments to 1943 levels.
Achievement of this goal, an.
nounced previously by OPA, was
left in doubt as the agency relaxed
its maximum average price plan
as it affects manufacturers Of
rayon and other synthetic fabrics.
1t granted these producers an in.
term increase of up to 10 per
cent in their 1943 maximum aver
age prices.
OPA spokesman said the decision
will come later on whether this
increase will be passed on at re.
tail. Ii it is, the 1943 level can not
be attained, the spokesman said.
Under the maximum average
price plan, known as NAP, manu-.
facturers are required to sell all
of their fabrics at a weighted av
erage price no higher than then
average price based, in general
on the first half of 1943. Rayor
garment manufacturers likewise
are required to follow this pattern
In allowing the temporary in
crease for fabric producers, pend
ing completion of study to de
termine the extent of a perman
ent increase, OPA said:
Because of wartime changes
especially in the rayon yarn in
dustry, the need for an adjustment
provision was forecast when tn
order was issued.
Some manufacturers would b.
obliged either to reduce produc
ton or to cheaper fabrics below
generally accepted standards o
serviceability if they were rigidl.
held to their base average prices.
OPA added that in view Of tn
current textile shortage 'thi
would not serve the interests G
consumers, for whose protection
the order was originally worke
out"
Officials of the agency said ir
creased labor and materials cost
were the principal factors.
OPA assured manufacturers tha
the temporary increase will b
continued until at least Septembe
30, and that it will not be set asid
without so days notice.
In the meantime the agency wi
study applications for permaner
> individual adjustments. It adde
) that in general a producer ma
apply for a maximum averag
t price that will permit him to max
as great a quantity Of serviceabl
fabrics "as he could if he did NJ
have to consider a maximum a7
erage price"
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-07-02
WITH THE AEF:
Sutherland 1916 Eden

is serene, like a miniature Ger
many which somehow escaped
both world wars.
Of course these Gersnan-speaking
cities are not German, but Swiss.
Crossing the frontier from Ger
many some IS or 20 years ago one
would have noticed casually that
they looked and sounded a lot like
German towns, but also were diff
ferent. Later, with Germany under
the Nazi regime, one would have
noticed chiefly the differences.
Today, the sizeable Swiss city
of Zurich is startling sight to
one coming from the devastated
cities of the ruined Reich.
For here is a city where the
street names are in German, the
signs on the buildings and shop
fronts are German, and German
is the language one hears on the
street, in the theaters, or reads in
the newspapers.
There is not a broken window
in the town, even a dirty
window. Innumberable neat street
cars are busting around, the rail.
way station is alive with trains
arriving and leaving on time. A
wave of the hand brings a taxi
cab. Shops are full of customers
buying things, but nobody is stand
ing in line. People on the stree
look German but nobody looks
afraid.
This is what the cities of Ger
many might look like now, one
keeps thinking-if Germany hae
stayed out Of war.
i Perhaps it is the perambulator:
that tell the story most wildly
Come Sunday afternoon and +:
warm sun and the streets of thes.
Ger-nan-speaking towns are full
of baby carriages.
i What takes time to get used tt
is the fact that all these baby car
riages are being used to carr.
, babies. In vanquished German,
today one sees lots Of baby car
riages too, but there the principa
function of such vehicles seem
to be the carting of remnants o
family belongings from one plac
: to another,
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-07-02

forced to revise their estimates on
washing machines in a hurry when
an Office of Civilian Requirements
consumer survey before We day
exploded their normal figuring like
la land mine.
1t seems the men overlooked the
fact that even those women lucky
enough to have substantially dur
able washing machines know that
functional design has so improved
that practically every housewife
in the country wants a new and
better washing machine at the
earliest possible moment.
Now the experts insist that even
record-breaking production will
fail to supply enough for a full
buyers market until 1852.
IT Mrs. America still faces years
OF struggling with the laundry, she
can take some comfort in predic.
tons that electric irons should be
easy to find in another year and
there will be plenty in three years.
Refrigerators, vacuum cleaners
and sewing machines may be fair
ly available in II to Is months,
but not plentiful for five or six
years, perhaps longer in the case
OF vacuum cleaners.
Radio receiving sets present a
production and market problem all
their own. There is not even a
slight chance of new radios until
the spring of 1916, the experts say
In the first place, statistics show
that 100000 radio tubes will be
required just to keep your old "a
dio set in working order.
But It is not as simple as that.
Manufacturers naturally are anxi-
GUS to turn out new radios as soon
and as fast as possible. This means
that they will take over the entire
reviving output of tubes if they
can.
! Whether government regulations
Twill insist that some tubes 60 for
replacement purposes is a toss-ur
at the moment.
If all restrictions are removed,
don't be surprised if your radio
dealer says he can't possibly re-
place the tubes in your old set,
but how about brand new radio?
This unofficial budapest, com.
piled from government and trade
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-07-02
-M9@mm29,,
.MRexeeQI;lkz/:

Two Camp Davis convalescents
have been comparing notes on
their experiences during one of
those situations which has now
and then arisen in the course of
war, when chairborne rear echelon
AAF men have been forced to
grab a gun and shoot it out with
the enemy. They are rs Charles
w. Sterritt and Cpl. Bernard M.
Wertheimer who last December
found their outfits on Leyte in the
Philippines besieged by swarms OF
fanatical Jap paratroops.
The swift attack, which saw a
picked force of airborne Japs
tumble out of low-flying trans
ports, laden with tommy guns
grenades, mines and incredible
quantities of demolition equipment
was directed against 5h Air Fore.
Headquarters at Buranuen, Leyte
and surrounding bomber and fight
er fields under the 5th's command
1t was no small surprise to Cpl
Wertheimer, a technical and al
ministrative clerk at 5h Hq., tt
find himself hugging the floor O
his office in an old school hous,
and looking up to see bullets rip
ping into his carefully kept files
rs Sterritt at that time was 60
ing through the novel experience
of handling an MI in a foxhole a
Dulag, fighter and medium bomb
er strip some miles east from
Burauen where he served with a!
aircraft warning unit and as
fighter plotter. Although he wa
not on duty at the time of thu
twilight Jap assault, other mem
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-07-02
Household Appliances
To Be Scarce Lone Time

WASHINGTON, July L. Up -
Major household appliances which
cut drudgery for American women
will be disappointingly scarce for
at least another u or 10 months,
government and trade sources re.
ported today.
Still more of a shock to hopeful
housewives is the experts estimate
that, even if industry produces at
rates much higher than pre-War
peak, five years-until 1950-Wil]
roll around before most heavy-duty
household labor saving devices will
appear in full supply.
In an informal survey by The
Associated Press, government and
trade sources said the brightest
spot in the consumer durable
goods picture is the prediction that
small household articles-galva
nized pals and tubs, scissors, ap'
pliance cords, and perhaps platec
silverware-should be easier tt
find before Christmas comes again
Completely out of focus in the
picture Is window screening. The
experts fatty state that wher
you'll ever be able to get gooc
window screens again is "unpre
dictable.
Vacuum cleaners and electric
irons are trickling into the con
sumner market now.
Probably washing machines
but very few-will begin to appear
late in August. Mechanical refrig.
orators may be re-introduced II
September or October and sewing
machines may be exhibited il
Christmas shopping windows.
l. These back-saving devices look
lovelier than jewels to the Ameri
can housewife now but she prob
ably will find them almost impos
sible to take home unless she lone
ago put herself at the top of {
dealer-list for delivery.
Perhaps refrigerators and cleo
trio irons can meet the waikiki
demand by the middle of 1916
vacuum cleaners and sewing ma
chimes in the fall of 1916, these
sources said.
Washing machines and alarm
clocks, they assert, will be elusive
for at least a year and a half.
These experts admit they were
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-07-02

SAN FRANCISCO, July 1.-R-
A temporary committee appointed
to proceed with organizing Unit
ed Nations Lawyers Association
will meet in Washington within the
next thirty days, according to an
announcement here by Attorney
General Robert w. Kenney OF
California.
Chief Justice Phil S. Gibson OF
California is chairman of the COM
mittee, which includes embassy
lawyers of the big Five" nations,
as well as those representing sew
eral of the smaller powers, and
members of the American Bar
Association and the National Law
yers' Guild.
Kenny, national president OF
the Lawyers Guild, sponsored
two informal meetings of attorneys
to discuss formation of an inter
national organization while the
United Nations Conference was i
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-07-02
Nine Members OF Fort
Crew Killed In Crash

MAYFIELD. Ky July 1.-WD-
Nine crew members Of a B-29 Su-
perfortress were killed when the
huge plane crashed near here
early today during an electrical
Storm.
Officers az Camp Campbell.
Hopinsville. KY, said one man
escaped with minor injuries when
he oarachuted.
Names of the dead and injured
will not be released until next OF
kin have been notified. A BIS
normally carries II men but a
radio operator, did not make the
flioht.
The plane, based at Kirkland
Field. Albuquerque. N. NJ. was on
routine training flight, Army OF.
ficers said.