davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-04-13
Senate Kills
Labor Draft
Continued from Page 1

at home and that it would inn
pede, not increase, war produc-
ton.
For over a week it had been
evident that the slave labor"
bill hadn't a chance. The real
solar plexus blow, however, was
d deliver d unintentionally by
Assistant President" James F.
Byrnes when, in a report to
President Roosevelt, he declared,
Controls are necessary not only
for war production but also for
the production of essential civil
ian goods, and later, to facilitate
reconversion."
The admission that the Ad-
ministration wanted to continue
shackling control over labor
even in peacetime was like wav-
ing a red flag before bull.
An Embarrassing Question
Another knockout jolt for the
bill was the announcement a
day later of Byrnes' intended
resignation. Sena tors asked
themselves: "Why nail workers
to their jobs if the top admin
istrator quits before the war is
over?"
AS Sen. Johnson put it: ut
seems to me this a poor time to
freeze other persons on their
Jobs when Mr.. Byrnes is going
back to civilian life. What will
the man think who is being
frozen to a job, say out in
Oregon? He will say Jimmy
Byrnes quit and got himself an
other job; the war must be
over.
Foremost credit in the long
fight was give nto Sen. j. c.
O'Mahoney, ID, Wyo.), who led
one effective attack after an
other on the measure until ne
had the bills supporters in
corner, groggy; also Senators
Kilgore ID, w. Va.), Chandler
ID, Ky.), Taylor ID, Idaho),
Aiken (R, Vt.), LANCER (R, N
ID, and Morse (R, Ore.).
H.SA
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-04-13
Shortages
Continued from Page 1

food stock piles down, and
month by month boasted of their
success. It's time to get rid of
people who one year ago saw
hog production dropping dan
gerously and refused to go out
to farmers and ask them to step
it up or to promise price pro-
lection in case they produced too
many hogs. It's time to start
taking the fat off public officials
who by encouraging waste have
turned the greatest output of
fats and oils we have ever pro-
duced into the worst shortage
we have ever known. It's time
to get a food administration
that will treat food first as some
thing to feed people and will
give only second thought to the
profits of food industries
Tune In wT0L Every Thursday, 1880 p. m.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-04-13
Byrnes Exit
Unmourned
Continued from Page /

C0ntlnueu from rage
to 20. Byrnes' statement that it
was administration policy to
keep labor controls after war
needs were met was frankly
given as the reason for many
votes against the manpower con-
trolls bill.
2. Wages. Instead of the idea
of getting full employment
through a program of full pro-
duction, high wages, low prices,
which would work by keeping
up the purchasing power of the
people, Byrnes says that wages
must be kept at their present
levels until we know how much
of our war productivity has been
carried over into peacetime pro-
duction." He renewed his de-
mand for giving the War Labor
Board statutory enforcement
powers, a measure vigorously
opposed by labor.
8. Unemployment when war
contracts end. Byrnes says that
local pressure for a public works
program due to unemployment
"should be resisted until Japan
is defeated" He comedies,
though, that provisions for un-
employment benefits for war
workers are inadequate, and
should be improved.
Time In WTOI Every Thursday, 1880 p. m.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-04-13

shades would be lowered and
the performance would begin.
None Able To Walk
Not one of the eager youngsters
was able to walk to the theatre
by himself, Some, their bodies
or legs in casts, reclined in
wheel chairs. Others rested in
high beds, whose barred sides
bound the activities of their
young occupants.
Arrangements were made
possible by Miss M. Daley
Assistant Hospital Director, with
the help of Howard Feig-
ley, who made the detailed ar
rangements of bringing the film
to the home.
Hours OF Anticipation 4
The children had been talk
ing about the occasion hours
before time. Hospital Assistant
Director said: their teachers
have told them about the South
American countries they will
see in the picture which will be
their favorite subject for weeks
to come.
Every head turned toward
the door through which film
personnel entered the room. No
one spoke. Suddenly, the large
room was darkened and excite
ment started on the screen.
The children followed the
adventure of their hero, Donald
Duck and his Caballero friends,
Joe Carioca and Panchito, with
hushed attention, punctuated by
shouts of laughter, little squeals
of anxiety, or long sighs of re-
lief.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-04-13
CoaIDemand
ScaresC.ofC.

WASHINGTON, April 9th,
NPA) - Fresh from signing
a Labor Management Char
ter" with the CIO and AFL,
the u. S. Chamber of Com
merce last week ran up the
storm signals to warn the ma
ton that an economic hurricane
was approaching in the form Of
John L. Lewis's demand for a
location royalty payment to the
United Mine Workers by the
bituminous coal operators.
Clearly frightened, the c or c
whipped together a resolution
demanding Congressional legis-
lation which would prohibit roy
atty payments to unions. The
resolution will be submitted to
referendum vote of the member
ship. En- dors e m mt of the
scheme, which Is almost fore
gone conclusion, will mean the
beginning of a high pressure
campaign on Congress to put an
other anti-labor law on the
books. Such law, labor lead
ers pointed out, could even
make lille 6 al employer-union
programs already in successful
operation which provide for
payroll contributions by the en-
ployer to union health and in
surance funds.
Sees National Disaster
The royalty idea, the c OF c
complained to its membership,
"could be applied to an infinite
number of service and COM
modify units in other lines of ac-
tivity, all at the expense of the
consuming public and with pos
sible disaster to our national
economy"
No mention was made OF the
possible disaster" to the ma
tion's economy that would result
from raising the health stand
ards of American workers and
providing the security of sick
ness, accident and death insur-
ance to millions of employees
now without it.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-04-13
Opinions on
Returning
Vets Clash
Continued from Page 1

Continued from Page
dividing up scarcity of jobs and
an evasion of the problem of
providing jobs for all"
Union representatives made 1t
clear, also, that they are strong
ly in favor of giving veterans
full seniority credit for their en-
tire length of service in the
armed services. However, it was
pointed out that present super
seniority ideas discriminate cal
lous1y against industrial work.
ers as compared with manage
ment. Neither management Of
ficials nor professionals are
asked to turn over their jobs
to returning veterans, but it will
be industrial labor that will suf-
fer by Unemployment rather
than executives, supervisors and
professions.
Labor Differs Sharply
The two day conference added
up to one central fact; labor diff
fers sharply with Gen. Hershey
and the American Legion on
giving veterans indiscriminate
preference on employment. La
bor contended that supersenior-
ity that would bump war work
ers with greater accumulated
seniority would quickly work
against the veterans own bene-
fit.
Consequently, the two-day
American Legion conference
proved only that the question Of
superseniority represents a sharp
cleavage that remains to be re-
solved, and that may have to be
resolved either by amicable
agreement within government
circles or by court action.
Business Held Spotlight
Industry and big business rep
resentatives held the spotlight
during the first day of the con-
ference. The National Associa-
ton of Manufacturers, through
its chairman, Walter D. Fuller,
told the conference that some
of the recent proposals for main
tanning weekly take-home pay
are unwise." Fuller cited often
attacked figures by the Dept. of
Labor's Bureau of Labor Statis-
tics showing that "the cost of
living is only 29% above 1882"
Both AFL and CIO have agreed
officially that living costs have
jumped more than 43 per cent.
One of the most stunning ar
guments produced by the NAM
speaker, however, had to do
with proposals for the same pay
for fewer hours of work" Fuller
gave this chart to figure the ef-
fects of maintaining weekly pay
while reducing hours.
so hours work for $50 equals
$1.00 per hour.
40 hours work for $50 equals
SIPS per hour.
80 hours work for $50 equals
$1.67 per hour.
Fuller's Conclusion
The conference sat absolutely
breathless when Fuller made the
amazing conclusion: IF you
carry this arithmetic just few
steps farther, you will find that
working zero hours for $4,000
would provide an hourly rate so
high that it would seem utterly
impractical"
Gen. Hines, head of the Vet
erans Administration, announced
that he had established a new
committee representing labor,
veterans and management to ad-
wise on veterans unemployment.
Named to the committee with
others to be added) were Ted
Silvey, CIO; Robert Watt, AFL;
Railroad Brotherhoods, julius
Luhrsen; Veterans of Foreign
Wars, Omar Ketchum.
Tim. In wTOJ Fvery Thursday. 80 ID. m.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-04-13

Continued from Page I

Continued from rage i
discussed at that time. PAC
officials say that this meeting
will be one of the best attended
since the 1914 election and
promise some interesting revela-
tions pertaining to the local
political scene.
Two meetings will be held on
April 80. One will take place at
1000 a. m. for second shift
workers, the other at 800 p. m.
The public is invited to attend
either or both meetings.
Tune In wToL Every Thursday, 1880 p. m.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-04-13
Bunting Workers Plan
Mass Meeting

Bunting Brass and Bronze
workers will hold a mass meet
ing Sunday at 200 p. m. at the
headquarters of the Toledo In
dustrial Union Council, Gil
Huron st. Plans for the con-
tinuation of an organization
drive will be made, according to
Tom Russell, Local IA, financial
secretary in charge of the organ
national work. An NLRB cleo
ton was lost by a very narrow
margin last October.
Tune In wToL Every Thursday, 7,sO p. m,
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-04-13
CIOTakes Crippled Children
On A Tour Of Fairyland
"Three CabnIIeros" Change
Hospital Into Exotic
South american

Richard Lazette, president of the Toledo Industrial
Union Council and Howard Feigey manager of the Rvoh
Theatre presented 70 minutes of Fayand to the crpple
children Wednesday afternoon in the hospitals cheerf
auditorium waiting for the big moment when the window
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-04-13
CIO Program
Well Received

Favorable comments on the
new CIO radio program inaug-
urated over radio station WTOL
March 5 are coming to Toledo
Industrial Union Council, spon-
sor of the series of broadcasts.
The program, Labor Views
and News, consists of a brief
talk by local labor leaders and
a roundup of the latest labor
news taken from the TOLEDO
UNION JOURNAL. It is broad
cast each Thursday at 1880 p. m.
Lawrence N. Steinberg, Ohio
state director of the United Re-
tail, Wholesale, Department
Store Employees, CIO, was the
speaker on this weeks program
and discussed the new unem-
ployment compensation bill.
Next weeks speaker will be
Melvin Schultz, president of
Local IL, UAW-CIO.
Tune In WTOL Every Thursday, 1850 p. m.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-04-13
U. S. Keeps Up Books

w AS HIN G T ON (LPA)-
World War ! taught us one
thing. We've learned how to do
the Army's bookkeeping. In the
last war we didn't know the
actual amounts of military ex-
penditures until long after the
Armistice. But in World War II
the General Accounting Office,
which audits the War Depart
ment books, is only 90 days be-
hind the day-to-day records of
our global warfare costs.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-04-13

Tune In wToL Every Thursdsy, 1880
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-04-13

Tune In wToL Every Thursday,
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18
Reds Ask Allies
Delay Nazi-IriaIs

NUREMBERG. Nov. Il CUP)
Russia asked for poStpenement
Of the Nuremberg trials today
shortly after the way was cleared
for the opening on schedule next
Tuesday,
The Soviet delegation asked for
the delay because its chief prose-
-cu,or, Gen r.. A. Rudenko, was III
IN Moscow. His colleague, Col.
Nurie POkiowski. said Rudenko' 5
illness was not serious enough 10
warrant naming another proSecu-
tor, and expressed hope he would
be here in "a very few days"
The tribunal gave no indication
when il would rule on the Soviet
motion
The way had been opened for
the start of the trials when the
tribunal rejected a motion 10 add
Alfred krupp to the list of defend
ants as substitute for Gustav
krupp, his ailing father
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18
Detroiter Tells
Of Biibid Diet

MANILA. Nov L QNS)-A
Detroit sailor Chief Pharmacist :
Mate Clarence Hartwell related
today how 5000 American prison
crS of war cooked and ate cats ami
rats TO avoid starvation in the
filthy Bilibld prison He testified
in the trial of 1t Gen. YamaShita,
former Jap commander in the
-PhllGppiRes.- -------
HartWell said that Japanese
soldiers at Bllibid emptied their
messkitS in garbage cans, then
stood around laughing while the
Americans ate from the cans.
1t Gen. Shizuo Yokoyama. a
Japanese commander of Manila.
denied that Yamashita had ever
ordered the destruction of Manila
or the execution of Filiplnos any
where.
The former Manila commander
will himself stand trial as a war
criminal.
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18
Best Seller, New Comic
Start in I ines Monday

The Daily Detroit Times the paper YOU cant afford 10 be
without for 1T presents TWO FULL COMIC PAGES 20
more celebrated features
Two especially NEW features will start in
MONDAYS Detroit Times, the pctre-Story version of
GREEN DOLPHIN STREET" Elizabeth Goudges smash
seller novel and newcomer in the Daily Times family 33
comics. LITTLE MISS MUFFET"
SCREEN DOLPHIN STREET is story about two Young
sisters IN oveith the story of exciting romance
pioneering and adventure.
you love Charles Dickens children you'll love LITTLE
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presenting thrilling story of sustained typical
Charles Dickens type Of tale.
Phone Cherry $500 Monday arrange for daily delivery
OF the Times TO your home This Will enable you
follow the many Times attractions regularly.
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18

greater nations nor their might
will prevent war unless conditions
are removed in which poor help
less peoples are denied the OPP
portunlty of decent living stand
ard The world is one only in
soiar as men live together as
brothers under God.
OUR RESPONSIBILITY
Ours is a grave responsibility.
The heart and hand OF America
arc called up I'm a way that is
unique, not only in the history
OF our country but even IN the
annals of mankind.
We know that democracy is
as capable of solving the admit
tedly difficult problems of peace
as II has shown itself in war.
We must be true 10 ourselves.
We must hold fast TO our own
free institutions.
We must reSolutely oppose tho
few amongst US who are trying
TO sabotage them We may we'll
pity those who in their half-veiled
sympathy for totalitarianiSm are
playing with the thought that per-
hapS in this great emergency its
day is at hand.
ON bended knees let us ask Cod
in His blessed Providence to help
Us 10 be the vigorous champion
OF democratic freedom and the
generous friend of the needy and
oppressed throughout the world.
LIST SIGNATORIES
The SignatorieS were Arch
bishop Samuel A. Stritch of Chi
cago chairman OF the conference;
Archbishop John Gregory Murray
of ST. Paul, vice chairman, Arch
bishop Francis J Spellman Of
New York. secretary; Bishop John
Mark Cannon OF Erie. treasurer.
Archbishop john -MittY-nE
San Francisco Archbishop Joseph
F Rummel OF New Orleans. Arch
bishop Richard J. Cushing OF Bos-
ton. Archbishop James II Ryan
Of Omaha. Bishop John F Noll
Of Fort Wayne and Bishop Karl
j. Alter Of Toledo
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18
Navy Converts Ships
To Bring Troops home

LONDON Nov. II (UP)-Adm
II. Kent Hewitt commander of
L. s. navy forces IN Europe, an
nounced today the navy would en-
ploy ID combat ships to transport
American veterans home from the
European theater
lie said eight carriers, one bat
tlesh1p and six cruisers had been
converted TO troopshipS Hewitt
said the fleet was expected to
carry 1457 724 troops To East
Coast ports by Feb ]
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18

depiore the tragic indifference 10
the plight of the Italian people
who threw off the chains of a
Fascist regime. who fought side
by side with us in ardent loyalty
For over two long years ot
agony the friends Of democracy in
that country have had 10 stand
by in impotence while We have
toyed with the vital problems of
relief and rehabilitation and de
ferred the fulfllment of our own
solemn promises.
Our own national interest. a,
well as the cause oil world peace,
and the fate of Christian culture
are al stake in Italy. Today IL Is
an outpost OF western civilization
We are fully confident that the
Italian people, if we save them
from despair by our helpful IN
terest, will stand fast against the
dcceitful appeal of alien and sub
verSive ldeologieS and shape then
future in the spirit of their own
Nriii u dhlNlOlls
We cannot be unConccrncd
about the future of Germany
Austria and Hungary. Whatever
period OF probation must be inn
posed on the vanquiShed nations
We must help them to take their
rightful place IN the family ol
nations.
To treat them I'm a spirit OF
vengeance is neither right nor
polite Justice demands rhc pun
iShment of the guilty and reason
able reparationS of damage done
But we cannot forget. or allow
our representatives TO forget. that
our traditional system of pultivc
Justice is anchored to the concept
OF individual responsibility
The lnhumanitleS which now
mark the mass transference 81
populations, the syStematized use
Of slave labor and the cruel treat.
meHt- of prisoners of war shoHie
have no pieet--ift- civilization
Acute suffering is the daily lot
OF whole populations in many war.
torn lands. Every report indicates
that unless heroic measures arc
taken 81 once. millions will die
from starvation and exposure dur.
ing the coming winter The feed.
ing and clothing and sheltering OF
these suffering people is not a
work which can be left 10 some
future convenient date.
Our country because -n of ON
greater resources, must do The
major part of this work of relief
In II we have the right and duty
10 insist on the leadership whicr
corresponds TO our sacrifices and
contributions. 1t is imperative
that Congress make adequate ap-
preparations for this work from
7 Tho Dlbip trpar,Ir,
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18
CONTINUED from Page Onel

for strategic reasons TO postpone
final decisions OF many questions
mooted at the conferences Of the
three great powers. Now we must
face the facts. There are profound
differences of thought and policy
between Russia and the western
democTacieS.
Russia has acted unilaterally on
many important settlements. II
has sought 10 establish its sphere
of influence IN eastern and south
eastern Europe, not on the basis
of sound regional agreements in
which Sovereignties and rights are
respected, but by the imposition Of
its sovereignty and by ruthlessly
setting up helpless puppet states.
It's ASiatic policy, SO important
for the peace Of the world, is an
enigma
The totalitarian dictators prom
iSed benefits TO the m a 5 s
through an omnipotent pollce-state
which extends its authority TO all
human relations and recognizes
no mate freedoms. Their theories,
moreover. look To the realization
of world well-being as ultimately
TO be secured by the inclusion of
all countries in then system.
Sometimes Russia uses our vo-
cabulary and talks Of democracy
and rights but it attaches dis
torted meanings to the words. We
think in terms Of our historic cul-
ture. We see God-giVen. inViolable
human rights in every person and
we know democracy as the free
collaboration under law of citizens
IN a free country.
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18
Matt Kimes, Notorious
OUTLAY, Hunted Again

OKLAHOMA CITY. Nov. II
GNSj-Matt KimeS. Oklahomas
notorious kid outlaw OF the l920's,
was hunted throughout the south
west today IN r 7nection with the
robbery of a On, Tex. bank.
kimes recel was given six
months leave OF absence from the
Oklahoma penitentiary by Gov
Kerr He was serving a life sem
tence for the Staying Of w J.
MacNally, Beggs, Okla, marshal,
M 1927.
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18
RooseveIts Renoun(e
Rights in Hyde Park

NEW YORK. Nov II uNS)-
Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt and her
h'e children today renounced
their rights 10 the 33-acre Hyde
Park estate.
President Roosevelt decided the
property 10 the government a year
before his death for use a. na.
tional historic site and a quit
claim deed Is now cn route "a
Washington.
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18

performers ana pursue It's reaI
purposes.
Tnr purposes of all fhc actors
az, aot rgrc.sely the same and IN
lr es,' .aJra day, Of questioning
3crI~ug- l' Is comparatively
easy 20 perceive several hostile
.ur,tIN,-
Dst,usIul the inst act consisted
m LAYING before the committee tH,
army and navy pictures OF The
ATTACK and it- immediate military
.ari naval Wo.og and eplloc
HUVucu 5000 speak of IN, army
ara navy toI 90 not speak OF
organisms thal are perfect units
The navy case was presented
with ability and restraint bl young
Adm, Ir.I~
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18
GOAL OF RELIEF

II is equally imperative that
private relief agencies be given a
full opportunity 10 carry on their
beneflcient work among all suf-
terlng peoples. And relief must
envision something larger than
merely feeding the starving and
sheltering the homeless.
Help must be given to peoples
whose economies are ruined. They
have the right 10 assistance in
getting back 10 normal economic
life
Neither tic prosperltv Of The
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18
Army Presents Off

WASHINGTON. Nov. II CCPJ
Only one-third as many Christ
mas packages for servicemen
overseas were mailed during the
special mailing period Sept. IS
10 Oct. 10 this year compared
with last year tho post office de-
partment has disclosed
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18
CLASH OF DEOLoGIES

There is a clash OF ldeologies,
The frank recognition OF these diff
ferenceS is preliminary TO any
sincere effort in realistic world
cooperation for peace. The basis
of this cooperation must be mu-
-tuai adherence to Justice
1t would be unjust for us 10 be
an accomplice in violating the
rights Of nations. groups and lndl-
vidualS anywhere in the world.
A first step towards effective
negotiation for peace is to have a
plan. A good plan states princi-
plies in terms of all the specific
questions at issue Instead so far
we have compromised and sought
to make mere piecemeal settle
mcntS
Instead of honest promising
discussion even on diYerging plane.
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18
AWoKE LATER

''ln the latter third OF the pre-
var period President Roosevelt
awoke. He began to demand "A
powerful national defense.
lat the same time. with nc
tual facts Obscured from the
public In the appalling maze Of
budget bureau figures. he began
accusing Congress of having
trimmed army and navy defense
requests in the earlier period.
THAT this il not true will be
shown by the tabulstions com
pleted today. TO be revealed In
full when witnesses from the
budget bureau take the stand at
the investigation hearing"
keefe spoke particularly of thC
defenses of Guam
No request ever went 20 Con
greSs from the White House fol
the Strengthening OF that key spot
he declared.
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18
pauleY in SHANGHAI

SHANGHAI Nov II OFpl--
Edwin s Pauley. head Of he
L. $. rCparatlonS commlss on in
ispan, arrived here today