davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1945-06-08
" O.
IS San FR. "a = 70
KoNFEREkSs Z
70 M>
X. S, KARPIuS.
Pastabos ir Patyrimai Kelio
neje ir San Francisco.

NEzIUR1NT visu nepalan
kiu salygu kuriose San Fran.
cisco, konferencijai tenka pa
saulio ateities taikos apsaugos
organizacija gaminti, Americas
Valstybes Sekretorius Stetti-
MUS, SUI pritarimu Prezidento
Trumano, nori pravesti konfe-
rencija Xxi pasekmingo gallo,
ikuriant apsaugos organizaci-
ja, kurios tikslas bus mazdaug
kaip senosios Tautu Sajungos.
Ar is amos organizacijos ne
tikslumu ir klaidu sio naujo
darbo darytojai pasimokins?
Stettinius ir Truman pastry
10 ta organizacija igyvendinti
kaip paminkla mirusiam Prezi-
dentui Rooseveltui, kuris, da-
lyvaudamas Jaltoje, su Chur-
chillu ir Stalinu sutare tokia
nauja tautq sajunga isteigti.
ROOSEVELT turejo gerus
norus toki sumanyma pasiuly-
damas, bet Stalinas national
pasidziauge kad Amerikos va
das imasi kuo nors idealisku
zaisti, mazdaug tue metu kai
baigsis Europoje karas, ir uz-
imtas San Francisco konferen-
cija, paliks bolsevikams baig-
tt uzgrobima ir naikinima pa
vergiamq rytu Europos tautu
zmoniu.
Jeigu, laimingai pavykus, 81
organizacija priims visus Sta
limo padiktavimus, ir cia boise
viku bus laimeta.
Jau blogas zenklas buvo su-
tikimas leisti konferencijoje
Sovietams tureti iris balsus:
leisti bolsevikams atstovauti
ir kalbeti uz Ukraina ir Balt-.
gudija. Tas dave drasos Sta
linui paneigti sutarima sutvar-
kyti Lenkijos valdzia ir reika-
lauti kad bolsevikai Maskvos
bernai atstovautu ir Lenkija
sioje konferencijoje.
BLOGAS dalykas buvo ir
sutikimas, jau is Dumbarton
Oaks, didziosioms valstybems
duoti veto teise. Dabar jau ia
veto teise apsireiskia veikme-
je, uz kuria Prancuzijos va
das Gen. De Gaulle susilauke
Americas spaudoje pasmerki-
mu del Prancuzu elgesiu Syrl-
joje ir Leblanc. Tu mazu sa-
liu zmones pradejo kilt prizes
Prancuzus, reikalaudami savo
prizadetos nepriklausomy b es,
De Gaulle juos kaip maistinin-
kus slopina.
TAIP VEIkS visas Sis pa
darinys, jeigu jis San Fran
cisco bus ikurtas:
Jei tulu tu penkiu didziu-
ju valstybiu pavergtos tautos
nores laisves, didzioji valstybe
gales visu ziaurumu jas baus-.
ii kaip "taikos ,ardytojas", o
kitos visos salys negales ISL,
kisti, mes ia didzioji valstybs
pasakys, "tai mano vidaus rel
kalas". Ju pareiga bus, gal
but, net pagelbeti savo santar-
vininkei pavergta maza tauta
numalsinti ir nubausti. -.
NORS AMERIKA, noredama
padaryti PREF. Rooseveltui pa
minkla sios naujos organizaci-
jos pavidale nori ta darba pra-
vesti Xxi gallo, kit mano kad
toll ne laiku tverianaa organi-
zacija pasaulio taikai palaiky-
ii, mes daug Europos valstybiu
yra bolseviku pavergtos ir jos
j sia organizacija ineiti netu-
res progos. Bolseviku naguose
paliktos salys jei jieskos lais-
YES bus kaltinamos taikos ar
dyme. Tam Stalinas ir varo-
: s4ta
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1945-06-08

Veik visi is 9S,776 Aneri-
kos kariu belaisviu Euro
pole jau paliuosuoti ir jie
gryzta j Amerika.
Birzelio is Pacifiko from
tu grazinama j namus apie
27,000 Americas kareiviu,
kurie paliuosuojami sulyg
nauju patvarkymu.
Europos kariai, grazinti
j Amerika, gauna 80 dienu
pasilsio namuose. Dalis iu
sulyg uztarnautu punktu
bus paliuosuoti, kiti yeliau
vyks prizes Japonus.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1945-06-08
POkariniu reikmenu ga

Pokariniu reikmenu ga
minimas Americas gwen
tojams padidintais kiekiais
sakoma palaikys darbus ir
biznius aukstame laipsny-
je. Daugeliui maziau dabar
uzdirbanciu darbininku al
gos bus padidintos.
zymiai pakils rubu ga
myba, statybos darbai ir
maisto produkcija, greta
kitty visokiu darby.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1945-06-08

San Francisco. - Dar-
bininkai meta darbus ka-
70 laivu taisymo uostuose
vakaruose, ma o Japonams
pradejus smarkesni orini
bombardavima laivu prisi-
artinaneiu prie ju salu. Pa
sidare daug darbo laivu
taisymui, 0 darbininku ei-
les nyksta.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1945-06-08
BRTTAI NEPRISIIMA
DE GAULLE AP-
KALTINIMU

Kilus tarptautiniam ne
susipratimui tarp Prancu-
zijos ir Americas bel An
glijos uz Syrijos ir Leblanc
kautynes SUI Prancuzais,
Gen. De Gaulle paleido kali
tinina Britams, kurie sa-
ko ten kelia intrigas prizes
Prancuzus..
Churchill ta kaltinina
uzgincija ir skelbia jog
Britai iStrauks savo karei-
vius is Syrijos kaip greit
Prancuzija susitars su to-
mis- Levanto valstybenis.
Dirva = Field. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1915-current, 1945-06-08
Al. MIsIJos DELEGATU PRAKALBos

Kalbes du daugau is San Francisco buvusiuu:
Adv A. A. Oils J. zius AL Kun,skis X S. Karpius
Evening star., 1945-08-15
Surrender
Continued From First Page.)

forming him of the generals selec-
ton as supreme Allied commander
and giving several directives. The
message said:
II have been designated as su-
prepe commander for Allied Powers
and am empowered to arrange di-
rectly with the Japanese authorities
for cessation of hostilities at the
earliest practicable date.
1T is desired that a radio sta
ton in the Tokyo area be officially
designated for continuous use in
handling communications between
this headquarters and your head
quarters.
Your reply to this message should
give the call sign, frequencies and
station designation. It is desired
that communications with my head
quarters in Manila be English in
text. Pending designation by you
Of a station in the Tokyo area, Sta
ton JNR, 1925 kilocycles, will be
used for this purpose.
Despite the official end of hostili-
ties, one American was killed today
in skirmish with counterattackine
japanese in the Caaballo Noun
tains of Northern Luzon, Army
headquarters in Manila reported
He lost his life in a fight between
32d Division troops and followers
of Gen. Yamashita, who are making
q death stand west of Kiangan.
Halsey Recalls 1912 Remark.
Admiral Halsey, in a broadcast
from his warship. recalled today
that he remarked in 1912 "the Nips
are no supermen" and that fleet Of
flcers and men have helped write
f1nis on that estimate in l945," the
Associated Press correspondent with
the Sd Fleet reported.
Now that the fighting has ended
there must be no let down." warned
the admiral, whose carrier planes
Evening star., 1945-08-15
By the Associated Press.


GUAM, Aug. 15.-A Black Cat
pilot who rescued 56 survivors from
the torpedoed cruiser Indianapolis
had to make up his mind in hurry
when he saw scores of exhausted
men scattered over the sea below
him at midday August 2.
Il was convinced the only way to
save singles and small groups would
be to land right then" said Navy 1t.
r. Adrian Marks, 20, Ladoga. Ind.
They might be lost to searchers by
the time surface craft could arrive,
he reasoned.
With even the high wings of his
plane loaded with survivors, he
TAXED over the water until a rescue
ship arrived eight hours later. The
ships doctor said most Of the 56,
wounded and i'll, would have died If
1t. Marks Catalina had not picked
them up.
A broken antenna In the Ventura
search plane Of 1t. q. g. Wilbur
c. Gwinn, San Martin, Calf, led
to discovery of the 3l5 men finally
rescued.
1t. Gwinn, flying routine mis-
sion, went aft in his plane to see
if he could repair the antenna;
he was reaching outside to grasp it
when he spotted 80 men in the
water far below.
His quick message to his base
brought an air scramble-"ever
thing that could fly"
1t. Gwinn's crew included 1t.
q. g. Warren E. Colwell, 81, Grams
ton, r. l., and A. M. NJ. 2ic Joseph
K. johnson, 20, Victor, N. Y.
Transport planes dropped life pre-
servers and supplies. An ARMY Bill
piloted by 1t. w. A. Carley even
dropped motor driven dory.
1t. Marks said he decided to at
tempt his first open-sea landing
because of the number of separated,
single men In the water.
His Catalina landed bouncing In
Evening star., 1945-08-15
lone District Officer
Aboard indianapolis
Saved, One Missing

Two well-known washington naval
officers were among those on the
cruiser Indianapolis which, the
Navy Department revealed today,
was sunk recently by a Japanese
submarine with heavy loss of life.
Skipper Of the Inflated ship was
Capt. Charles B. McVay III, scion
OF a well-known naval family, who
was married in June Of last year to
the former Louise Niernee Clayton,
daughter Of the late DR.. and Mrs.
Thomas Ashe Claytor. She and the
captain make their home at 2l26
Connecticut avenue. Capt. McVay
was saved after drifting at sea for
several days.
Intelligence ofIicer of the cruiser
was 1t. Comdr. Charles Davis Hayes,
40, reserve officer who was a prom
inent attorney here in prewar days.
He and Mrs. Hayes, the former Bar
bara Hight, have their residence at
S Primrose street, Chevy Chase. Md.
Comdr. Hayes is reported by the
Navy as missing in action.
Son of Admiral.
The son of Admiral and Mrs.
Charles B. McVay, jr., 2l31 Bancroft
place, Capt. McVay, Al, was born in
Ephrata, Pa, on August 81, 1898. and
was educated at Yates Academy.
Lancaster, Pa. He entered the Naval
Academy in 1916 and graduated with
the three-year World War class
which was commissioned In 1919.
Although still in the academy dur
ing the World War, Capt. McVay
saw service aboard the cruiser Fred
erick in the Atlantic patrol.
Capt. McVay had several tours
OF duty in Washington. After sea
service aboard the old North Dakota,
Maryland. Milwaukee, Rappahan-
mock and other vessels, he was at
tached in 1926 to the Bureau of
Navigation in the Navy Department
and In the following year COM
manded the Sylph, the yacht of the
Secretary Of the Navy.
In 1881 Capt. Mcvay was attached
to the Ofiice Of Naval Intelligence.
Outbreak OF the Pacific war found
him commander of the oiler Kawah.
Later he became executive officer of
the cruiser Cleveland and In that
post won the Silver Star Medal for
Evening star., 1945-08-15

-NdDy Photo
conspicuous gallantry" during the
bombardment of Kolombangara in
March, 1943 Later he assumed
command of the Indianapolis.
Grandfather Was Banker.
Capt. McVays father, Admiral
commanded the battleship
Oklahoma and later the New Jersey
in European waters during the
World War. Later u930-3D he
was commander in chief Of the
Asiatic Fleet and still later was a
member OF the Navy General Board.
The captains grandfather, Charles
B. McVay, was president OF the
Pittsburgh Trust Cd. and had the
distinction of being an honorary
member of the Naval Academy class
OF 1890.
Comdr. Hayes is the son Of Mrs.
Ellen M. Hayes. 1726 Massachusetts,
avenue NV, and the late David j.
Hayes. He was born in Clinton,
Iowa.
Member Of Law Firm.
A former member of the law firm
Of Hayes and Hayes, he was COM
as reserve offlcer in
September, 1912. He served in the
ONCE Of Naval Intelligence until
last December, when he was as
signed to the Indianapolis.
Comdr. Hayes attended George
Washington University both as an
undergraduate and a law student,
and after receiving his law degree
In 1927 entered the law firm of his
two brothers, william E. and John
G. Hayes, which has Offices In the
Munsey Building.
He is a member of the District
Bar Association, the American Bar
Association, the Chevy Chase Club
and National Press Club. He and
Mrs. Hayes have three children,
Barbara, Charles David, jr., and
Joan Mason Hayes.
Evening star., 1945-08-15
Reconversion
Continued From First Page.)

at least until meat, tire and shoe
rationing can be eliminated"
The relaxing Of rationing and the
huge cutbacks came shortly after
President Truman announced that
all manpower controls had been
abolished. The United States EN-
ployment Service, major unit Of the
War Manpower Commission, already
is turning Its attention from recruit
ing workers for war plants to find-
ing jobs for all workers.
. Mr.. Snyder's report to President
Truman, entitled From War to
Peace: A Challenge" outlined
broadly the problem the Nation
faces in returning to peacetime
economy. a problem he warned will
not be easy and will be accompanied
by temporary unemployment that
may reach 5000, 900 by the spring OF
1916.
Major Points Outlined.
He made the following major
points:
l. Price control must be retained
Evening star., 1945-08-15
Catalina Crew Pulls Sc Aboard
In 8 Hours at Sinking Scene

12-foot swells. Two rivets popped
and q seam gaped. The navigator,
Ensigns Morgan F. Hensley, a,
Hoadly. Va, and AMM2fc Donald
M. Hall, 20, Lancaster. Pa, made
emergency repairs as water began
to seep into the radio compartment.
The crew began to haul survivors
aboard. BY darkness they had
picked up 80 singles and in the
dark gathered men from RATS
dropped earlier by rescue planes.
They were too weak to climb
up our ladder" 1t Marks said.
Toward the end, with a system
improvised by Ensign Hensley, we
were able to snag two at time.
Sometimes when we pulled them
in flesh came OF broken arms and
legs"
More than 20 survivors lay or sat
on the wings of the plane and the
crew covered them with parachute
strippings.
In the night they heard shouts
for help. ARM3/c Roland Shepard,
20, Peoria, ILL.,, and Seaman 1/c
Wsy4en A. Ktrcho6, Rochester,
N. Y, volunteered to 60 out in q
rubber boat. They rescued two
more survivors.
At 11:15 pm. the crew sighted the
searchGghts Of the destroyer escort
Doyle, commanded by 1t. Comdr.
w. G. Claytor. A ply circling
above the area dropped parachute
flare which guided the ship to the
scene.
The Doyle arrived shortly after
midnight and took on Indianapolis
men for the next three hours. 1t.
Marks battered Catalina was sunk
by ships guns after every one was
taken of in whaleboat. Others
in 1t. Marks crew were AMlA6Jc
Earl r. Duxbury, Lowell, Mass, and
ARM3Ic Robert c. France, 10, Mo-
nongahela, Pa.
Sweeping the area, the Doyle
picked up 81 more men. In all, she
brought % into Peleliu.
Evening star., 1945-08-15
Psychologists
Insist laps Must
Yield Swords
Es the Associated Press.


CHUNGKING, Aug. 15.-Chinese
experts in Japanese psychology are
unanimous in the belief that the
surrender ceremony must include
the yielding Of Samurai swords by
the japanese surrender delegates.
Ancient symbolism surrounds the
Samurai swords and Chinese schol-
ars say nothing will make SO great
an impression on the ordinary Jap
anese man as a newSreel showing
his leaders turning over their swords
to Gen. Macarthur.
Semireligious rites surround the
forging of the weapons. Armorers
who forge the swords are special
group who must purify themselves
and observe an involved ritual be-
fore completion OF the sword.
Traditional rites also are observed
when . youth Is given his Samurai
sword. Customarily 1t Is yielded only
In death.
Evening star., 1945-08-15

in July and August destroyed or
damaged more than 1000 enemy
aircraft and more than 1000 vessels.
There must be Swatchful waiting"
he said. Victory is not the end,
but the beginning. We must estab-
lish peace, a firm, a just and an en-
during peace"
The admiral, who had expressed
the hope he could ride through the
streets of Tokyo on Emperor Hiro-
hito's white horse, said he stood by
TO assist in any role assigned him to-
ward assuring the peace.
He paid moving tribute to all
officers and men Of the feet, includ-
ing those whose lives were lost,
winding up with:
God bless you and well done"
Lauds Rose of All Services.
The admiral urged that never
again should world situation be
allowed to arise which should result
in the enslavement by Nippon of
decent human beings"
He said that for the first time in
recorded history Japan found her
self a beaten nation He lauded the
role Of all services in that accom-
plishment.
Gen. Carl A. Spaatz, United States
Army Strategic Air Forces were en-
gagged in their greatest-and still
developing-attack on the enemy
homeland as the war ended. The as
saults were halted after more than
300 B-29s and 180 fighters had
smashed Japanese targets through
out yesterday afternoon and last
night at cost Of four fighters. More
B-29S were ready to take off. Some
Super Forts were still aloft on the
way back to the Marianas when
President. Truman was announcing
Japan had capitulated.
Gen. George G. Kenney's Far East
Air Forces fighters probably were
the last to hit Japan before the
truce. It was too late to recall them
after their predawn takeoffs when
the truce flash was received at Oki-
nawa by 1t. Gen. Ennis G. White
head.
However, the truce did halt one
Of the FEAF's biggest missions.
Some bombers were in the air, 9TH
ers were taking off, and more were
already warmed up when Gen.
Whitehead Cancelled their mission.
The record USASTAF B-29-fight-
er assault dropped approximately
5000 tons of demolition and fire
bombs on war industries at Isezaki
and Kumagays, the Nippon Oil Re-
nnery at Okita, the Marifu railroad
yards, the big Osaka army arsenal
and the Hikari naval arsenal near
Tokuyama.
Admiral Nimltz's communique to-
day reported 1lth AAF Liberators
and Privaters of Fleet Arriving 4
made neutralizing raids Monday on
Shimushu and Paramushira bases
Evening star., 1945-08-15

I'VE saw plenty of planes" he re-
lated. I'VE wondered how in Gods
name they could miss us. They
didn't know-they didn't know to
look for survivors"
The Navy explained no effort had
been made to locate the cruiser un-
til she was 81 hours overdue, because
warshipS often are diverted secretly
by high authority, or by their own
captains; or they may be under
radio silence for several days if pur-
suing an enemy submarine or sur
face ship.
Another survivor drifted up, alone
on his raft, on the third day. The
skipper took charge of food ration
ing; there was no water, but no one
drank salt water. Each day at sun
set the skipper led the group in
prayer.
The swimmers, isolated singly or
in clusters, hsd no supplies what
ever. Constant immersion caused
salt water ulcers. the suns glare
blinded many Of the men temporar-
lily and lifejackets began to lose their
buoyancy, 1t. Comdr. Hayes re-
lated. All they had was hope
II kept thinking, what will Liz
do with three boys on her hands?"
Comdr. Haynes continued.
Thinking of my wife made me
want to live"
The first great blast wnen the
ship was hit threw him into the air
and he landed on his desk, he said
quietly. The deck cracked open and
smoke seeped through. In the pas
sageway he saw tremendous sheets
of flames" Duly he moved toward
the wardroom. Dazed by heat he fell
to the deck. Then Il heard my hand
sizzle. The pain woke me up.
I'm the wardroom," Comdr.
Haynes continued, "one man was
screaming in the dark, open the
portfolios, open the portfolios.
I found one blasted open by the
explosion and put my head through.
A rope slapped my face.
o Il jerked it several times. It
seemed all right. Then 1 crawled
through that porthole-you know
how small they are.
On the quarterback wounded men
lay, horribly burned and slashed."
Chief Pharmacists Mate John A.
Schmuek, Is, Steger, ILL.,, helped him
dress their injuries. They got life
jackets on four of them.
Gathering a group of wounded in
the water, Comdr Haynes told them
to lock arms and legs, to keep TO-
gether and not attempt to swim.
Tried to Sleep in Water.
BY morning Comdr. Haynes
counted the bodies of so who had
died. None of the badly wounded
survived.
Survivors were cheerful at first;
they even tried to sleep in the
water, each man laying his head
on the chest Of the man behind.
The able-bodied took turns sup
porting the wounded, four hours
at stretch.
BY the second day, "the boys be-
gan to talk peculiarly" the doctor
said. when night came we hud-
died together, but I sensed some
thing was not right. Suddenly the
men became hysterical. They fought
and clawed at each other. Marine
Capt. Park (not otherwise identi-
fed died of exhaustion trying to
quiet them.
you see, life jackets after 4S
hours begin losing buoyancy. They
were fighting for jackets. I should
say we lost Is men that way"
BY noon of the third day, some
Evening star., 1945-08-15

in the Kuriles from which the
Japanese might have attacked
Russian forces on Japanese-held
Karafuto. 500 miles west.
From the Aleutians, Vice Admiral
Frank Fletcher, commander in the
North Pacific, said in a victory
statement:
Let us celebrate this day, not in
triumph, but with thanksgiving and
gratitude. Let US not forget our
comrades who cannot share It,"
Admiral Sir Bruce Fraser, from
his flagship Duke Of York, with the
British Pacific Fleet warned:
- furture peace Of the world
will never be assured unless the
happy relationship which has grown
up between the Royal Navy and the
United States Navy in the Pacific
continues between our two nations" !"
Evening star., 1945-08-15
Policeman
Continued From First Page. J

contained message the whole
world was waiting for. They begged
to rush on.
He held us for 10 minutes" said
Sergt. Allison. Said that made no
difference to him. He gave us a
ticket. He was rough on us, spoke
harshly. Warned us not to make
speed. We got to the Legation rs
soon as possible, however. On our
way back we saw Dixon again, and
asked him to come over to RCA to
confirm our story. He was rude
again. Said he wasn't the slightest
bit interested"
At No. precinct, officials said
Officer Dixon had been on duty yes
terday but was off duty today and
could not be reached No report Of
the incident was at No. 3, they said,
Evening star., 1945-08-15

Of the men insisted the Indianapo-
lis had been ref1oated; all day long
the boys went down, down, to the
ship Many more died that way"
The fourth day Comdr. Haynes
own mind seemed hazy. he said, but
he could recall boys drifting away
they would scream and holler-
scream and holler-and pretty soon
the screams would be mixed with
gurgles. BY night there weren't
many left
A rescue destroyer escort pulled
alongside the fifth day; survivors
had to be lifted aboard. The doc
tor said they were lin their last
day."
The indianapolis. 10,000-ton
cruiser, was the first naval vessel
laid down and completed after the
London Naval Conference of 1880,
was commissioned at the Philadel-
phia Navy Yard November Is. 1882.
After a shakedown cruise to Gen.
trail American waters. she was as
signed to special duty with Presi-
dent Roosevelt, embarking him and
his party at Campobello July g.,
1888, and cruising with them until
August l. In September of that year
she sailed from Annapolis with Sec
retary of the Navy Claude Swanson
for an inspection trip to naval sta
tions in the Canal one, Hawaii, and
the West Coast.
She figured in another Jap attack
several months before her sinking
She had just returned from a week
Of attacks on the Japanese home
islands and was participating in the
pre-invasion bombardment of Oki-
nawa when, one day before L day,
she was attacked by q lone japanese
fighter plane.
Shortly after dawn the ships
lookouts saw the enemy plane
emerge from q cloud about $500
feet above, and in less than Is Sec
onds the kamikaze was upon the
ship. The pilot released his bomb
about Is feet above the deck and
crasher his plane on the deck.
The bomb crashed through the
deck armor, ripped through a table
around which several men were
seated in the mess hall below, and
then continued through the crews
living quarters and the fuel tanks,
exploding in the water after pass
ing out through the bottom of the
ship.
Evening star., 1945-08-15
Max Spray Gets Publicity
Job With Red Cross

The appointment of Max l.. Spray
as director of public information for
the Eastern Area, American Red
Cross, was announced today by Ra-
none S. Eaton, area manager.
Mr.. Spray will be responsible for
the area public information work
with and for Red Cross chapters in
Virginia, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsyl-
vania, Indiana, Kentucky, West Vir-
ginia and the District.
Former assistant managing editor
of the Ashland (KyJ Daily indie
pendent, Mr.. Spray succeeds Miss
Dorothy Vickery Of Steelton, Pa,
who will go overseas to become a
member of the Red Cross public re-
lations staff In France.