Evening star., 1945-06-24

curly council, the international court
OF justice, the economic and social
council, the trusteeship council and the
secretariat. The economic and social
council is particularly an agency of the
general assembly-although it is recog-
nized as perhaps the most important
and valuable of the whole list if the
seeds of war are to be destroyed. The
trusteeship council, on the other hand,
will exercise its functions under the
authority of the security council so far
as ali strategic areas" are concerned,
and under the authority of the general
assembly so far as the administration of
civil matters of the dependent peoples
are concerned.
Assembly Democratic Agency.
The general assembly is the demo-
cratic agency Of the organization, the
basic agency. 1t is composed of repre-
sentatives of all the member nations.
Each nation may have in the assembly
not more than five representatives. Each
nation has but one vote-whether it be
great power or small nation. If
all SO nations chose to send five repre-
sentatives, the total delegate strength
would be 250 Provision is made for
annual meetings of the assembly, al
though special meetings may be called
at any time.
The security council is small, closely
knit, executive agency. 1t has II mem
bers, permanent MEMBERSHIP United
States, Britain, Russia, China and
France, all named in the charter it
self-and temperament members,
II in ALL The 6 nonpermanent mem
bers are elected by the general as
sembly for terms df two years, 3 re-
firing each year. They, the states they
represent, are not Immediately eligible
for reelection. This is intended to
give as great a measure of rotation of
members Of the council as possible.
Further, in the selection of the non
permanent members the assembly is
directed to give due regard to the con-
tributlon of members to the organiza-
ton and to equitable geographical dis
tribution. The council will be in con-
slant session. Upon it is placed the
primary responsibility for the main
tenance OF peace and security through
out the world.
Court of Is Judges.
The international court of justice is
composed Of Is judges, elected by ma
jority votes of the general assembly and
the security council for nine-year terms.
No nation may have more than one
member of this court. It's members
may be reelected. Nominations of
judges are made from lists of qualified
persons selected by the national groups
in the permanent court of arbitration,
or in case member of the United Ma
tions Is not also member of the
permanent court of arbitration, by ma
tlonal groups selected in the same way.
In order to maintain degree of con-
tinuity in the new court five judges are
to be elected every three years. Under
the statute Of the court, jurisdiction is
to be optional. However, the objective
Is to have compulsory jurisdiction OF
the court accepted by the nations as
speedily as possible. The court will not
only adjuticate cases which come be-
fore it, but also may give advisory opin-
ions to those bodies authorized by the
charter to request them.
The economic and social council is
composed of l8 members, elected by the
general assembly, for three-year terms,
with 6 retiring each year. Members are
eligible for reelection, however at
any time. The council is directed to set
up commissions in the fields of eco
nomic and social activities and for the
promotion of human rights.
The trusteeship council consists of
specially qualified representatives, de-
signated (a) one each by the states
administering trust territories, and (b)
one each by an equal number Of other
states, named by the general assembly
for three-year periods, with a proviso
that permanent members of the secur-
ity council which are not administra-
tors of trust territories shall have mem
bership in the trusteeship council.
Secretary General Elective.
The secretariat has a secretary gen.
eral and an adequate staff. The secre-
tary general is elected by the general
assembly on recommendation of the Sc
curity council, for a period of three
years. He may be reelected, and is to
be the chief administrative officer of
the organization, acting in that capacity
in all meetings of the general assembly,
of the security council, of the economic
and social council, and of the trustee
ship council. He may bring to the at
tention of the security council any
matter which in his opinion might
threaten international peace.
These, then, are the main arms of
the new organization. The purposes
and principles of the organization, in
tended primarily to maintain peace and
security, cover wide field as enumer-
ated in the charter. To the end that
there shall be peace, the organization is
pledged to take effective collective
measures for the prevention and re-
moval of threats to the peace and the
suppression of acts of aggression, and
to bring about by peaceful means the
settlement of disputes in conformity
with principles of justice and interna-
ton law. In case of actual aggression
or breach of the peace, it is pledged to
use such force as may be necessary to
restore peace.
The initial membership of the new