Evening star., 1945-08-10

i'oAio AiiOSAidSo w diC WIG WOlA0.
1t is ghost city. The buildings
are in ruins, its economy and its
people are in ruins.
Our party also visited what is
left of Frankfurt and Darmstadt.
We flew over the remains of Kas-
sci, Magdeburg and other deva-
stated cities. German women and
children and old men were wan
dering over the highways. re-
turning to bombed-out homes or
leaving bombed-out cities, search
ing for food and shelter.
War has indeed come home to
Germany and to the German
people. 1t has come home in all
the frightfulness with which the
German leaders started and
waged it.
The German people are begin
ming to atone for the crimes of
the gangsters whom they placed
in power and whom they whole
heartedly approved and obedient-
ly followed.
We also saw some of the terrible
destruction which the war had
brought to the occupied coun-
tries of Western Europe and to
England.
How glad 7 am to be home
again! And how grateful to
Almighty God that this land of
ours has been spared!
We must do all we can to spare
her from the ravages of any
future breach of the peace. That
is why, though the United States
wants no territory or profit or
selfish advantage out of this war,
we are going to maintain the
military bases necessary for the
complete protection of our in
terests and of world peace. Bases
which our military experts deem
to be essential for our protection,
and which are not now in our
possession, we will acquire. We
will acquire them by arrange
ments consistent with the United
Nations Charter.
No one can foresee what an
other war would mean to our own
cities and to our own people.
What we are doing to Japan now
even with the new atomic bomb
is only small fraction of what
would happen to the world in a
third world war.
Determined to Remain
United and Strong.
That is why the United Ma
tions are determined that there
shall be no next war
That is why the United Ma
tions are determined to remain
united and strong, We can never
permit any aggressor in the fu-
ture to be clever enough to di-
vide us or strong enough to de-
feat us.
That was the guiding spirit
in the Conference at San Fran
cisco.
That was the guiding spirit in
the Conference of Berlin.
That will be the guiding spirit
in the peace settlements to come.
In the Conference of Berlin, It
was easy for me to get along in
mutual understanding and
friendship with Generalissimo
Stain, with Prime Minister
Churchill, and later with Prime
Minister Attlee.
Strong foundations of good
will and cooperation had been
laid by President Roosevelt. And
it was clear that those founda-
tions rested on much more than
the personal friendships of three
individuals. There was a fun
damental accord and agreement
upon the objectives ahead of us.
Two of the three conferees of
Teheran and Yalta were missing
by the end of this Conference.
Each of them was sorely missed.
Each had done his work toward
winning this war. Each had
made a great contribution to-
ward establishing and maintain
ing a lasting world peace. Each
of them seems to have been or
dained to lead his country in its
hour of greatest need. And so
thoroughly had they done their
jobs that we were able to carry
on and to reach many agree
ments essential to the future
peace and security of the world.
No Secret Agreements
Reached at Berlin.
The results of the Berlin Con-
ference have been published.
There were no secret agreements
or commitments - apart from
current military arrangements.
And it was made perfectly
plain to my colleagues at the
Conference that, under our Con-
stitution, the President has no
power to make any treaties with
out ratification by the Senate of
the United States.
I want to express my thanks
for the excellent services which
we're rendered at this Confer
ence by Secretary of State
Byrnes, and which were highly
commended by the leaders of the
other two powers. I am thank
full also to the rest of the Amer
lean delegation-Admiral Leahy
and Ambassadors Hartman,
Davies and Pauley-and to the
entire American staff. Without
their hard work and sound ad-
vice the Conference would have
been unable to accomplish as
much as it did.
The conference was concerned
with many political and econom-
ic questions. But there was one
strictly military matter upper
most in the minds of the Amer
lean delegates. 1t was winning
the war against Japan. On our
program, that was the most i'm
portant item.
The military arrangements
made at Berlin were, of course,
secret. One of those secrets was
revealed yesterday when the
Soviet Union declared war on
Japan.
The Soviet Union, before she
had been informed of our new
weapon, agreed to enter the war