Evening star., 1945-07-09
Veto Power Is Key
To Charter S Success,
|Sfettinius Declares
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t1H~hssshsSs
(Continued From First Page.)
inevitably assume for the main
tenance of world peace
Chairman Connaliy opened the
proceedings by inserting In the rec
ord the speech OF President Truman
to the Senate the day the treaty
was delivered, together with a copy
OF the treaty itself.
The caucus room was jammed
with visitors, including some
standees in the rear. They let out
a cheer first when Mr.. Stettinius
arrived and then when Senator
Connally, in white linen suit and
black bow tie, strode IN.
Nineteen OF the % committee
members were present and several
other Senators sat on the sidelines.
Senators Listen Attentiyely.
The Senators listened attentively
as Mr.. Stettinius read his prepared
statement, and there were no inter-
ruptions.
No one on the committee took
advantage of the invitation of Sen
ator Connally to examine Mr.. Stet-
tinitls. The chairman turned to
Senator Johnson, Republican, Of
California first and then to Sena-
tor George. Democrat, of Georgia,
but neither had any questions.
Senator Vandenberg, Republican,
of Michigan, who took an active
part in drafting the Charter, said
he had no questions, but wanted to
say In the presence of the witness
that Mr. Stettinius made a bril-
liant record" as presiding ofricer Of
the San Francisco Conference, that
he acted 'in the finest American
traditions and deserves the grateful
appreciation Of his country"
Senator Vandenberg's tribute to
Mr.. Stettinius again brought ap-
plause from the audience.
Moving expeditiously, the commit
tee before noon began to receive a
more detailed analysis of the Char
ter's provisions from DR.. Leo Pasvol-
sky, special assistant to the Secre-
tary OF State on international
organization and security affairs.
Senators Connally and Vandenberg
both suggested to their colleagues
who were not at San Francisco
to feel free to interrupt DR.. Pasvol-
sky with questions at any time In
view of the lengthy explanation he
was to present.
Question Of Withdrawal.
A highlight of this questioning
was the statement Of Senator Van
denberg that the unlimited right
of nation to withdraw was omitted
from the Charter because in the
League OF Nations that was the
escape clause prospective aggressors
always embraced"
Senator George had asked DR..
Pasvolsky to explain the procedure
in the event a nation wanted to
withdraw from the organization.
The witness explained that an
amendment to prevent withdrawal
was defeated and that nothing was
included in the Charter either way
on the subject. He recalled, how
ever, that the committee that
handled the question prepared a
statement for the conference, set
ting forth the feeling that such
questions would be handled as they
arise.
Mr.. Stettinius amplified this re-
port with the statement that it is
possible to withdraw, but that with
drawal must be justified.
Senator Connally joined in to
point out that the penalty would
be merely the mobilization OF world
opinion as to whether the reasons
given (for withdrawaD were justi-
fable"
Senator Millikin, Republican, of
Colorado was the first man not on
the committee to join in the ques-
tioning. He sought details as to
what the world organization would
do with notice of withdrawal.
Senator Connally again interposed
to say that II the withdrawal
threatened peace the organization
would treat it like any other threat
to world peace.
Twenty-six years ago another
Foreign Relations Committee began
hearings on the League of Nations
treaty of Versailles-on July Is,
19l9-but the opposition was strong
enough to keep the United States
from joining the League.
The outlook is far different today
as this historic new effort to ban
the world together for peace gets
underway. In 1919. the treaty re-
mained in committee for two months,
followed by two months of floor
depate, and ended in rejection. To-
day indications are there will be
less than 10 votes against the new
Charter, and possibly less than fiye.
Senator johnson Is the only man
still on the committee who was a
member Of that group when hear
ings began on the old League of
Nations. He arrived shortly after
Mr.. Stettinius began his testimony
and, as ranking minority member,
sat next to Senator Connally.
Senator Capper, Republican. of
Kansas, one of the % present COM
mittee members, was in the Senate
during the League of Nations fight,
but had not yet won seat on the
Foreign Relations Committee at
that time.
The hearings may be over in 10
days, with Senate action likely be-
fore the middle of August.
AS the Charter hearings started,
indications developed in the Senate