davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-04-02

zation has been equally evident What
he wants is hard-and fast military
alliance between Russia. the United
States and Britain. He didn't want
China and France in the proposed
security council, and much less six addi-
tional small nations. The all-inclusive
world assembly he regards as unadult-
Grated eyewash.
Stain has made his basic position
perfectly plain. First. last and all the
time he is aiming to strengthen and ex-
pand Russia. Because he recognizes the
United States and Britain as his equals
he is frankly willing and anxious to con-
tinue TO do business with them on a
you scratch by back and I'll scratch
yours" basis.
AS for the rest of the world, he re-
CARDS it as a sort of orphan asylum,
inmates Of which are to be treated kind
" and helped to the extent the Big
Three may find convenient, always with
the understanding that any interna-
tional bad boy" who raises his head
will be summarily knocked down.
With every passing day it seems clear
er that, at Yalta. Stain got away with
Just about everything he went after. AS
to Poland. his supreme accomplishment
was American British consent that the
Lublin government be made the basis
upon which to build the proposed Polish
government Of national unity: Mr.
Roosevelt and Mr.. Churchill thereby
threw overheard the Polish government
in London, the only counterclub they
had in their locker. Stains process
since has been simply to turn down
every person proposed for inclusion in
the Lublin government
Stains other big accomplishments
were the unqualified British-American
acceptance of the Tito government of
Yugoslavia and concentration of the
reparations problem in a three power
commission, sitting at Moscow
Aso to the latter. there is little doubt
that Mr.. Roosevelt and Mr.. Churchill
consented in principle to forced Ger
man labor" the form of reparations
Stain is most interested in. Also it is
a vital circumstance that reparations
determination is to be confined to the
Big Three. Other interested nations,
notably France, Belgium and Holland,
simply are going to be told what they
are to get. And for whatever they get
they are going to be beholden principally
to Stain.
CReleased by North American Newspaper
Alliance)
Evening star., 1945-04-02

The sweep of Allied armies into Ger
many is unrolling the most serious
problem of civil and military admins
tration the war has yet produced.
vast area of heavily populated country
with thousands Of big and little cities
and villages is falling into our hands.
Civil administration of some sort must
70 on, and no foreign force of civil ad-
ministrators, however we'll trained, can
conduct such operations. There can be
control by Allied officers, but the details
of administration must be carried out
by Germans of some sort or description.
Thousands of mayors and burgomeisters
with all the lesser local bureaucracy
necessary for government must be in
stalled.
With dependable German chief OFF,
cials this problem of local government
can be carried on after fashion. But
the determination of dependability must
be made with care. And after officials
are selected by us, some sort OF protec-
ton must be afforded them. The
assassination of the mayor of Aachen
suddenly presents us with striking evil
dence of how difficult it is to provide
that sort of pattern.
There are, it is clear institutions in
Germany which can be useful in select
ing dependable German officials. One
of them Is the Catholic Church. Protes-
tait clergymen of the Niemoeller group
will also be useful. There are remnants
of the old conservative labor organiza-
tions that can help. But the ohacial
class, impregnated over two decades
with Nazi terroristic idealogy, is very
dangerous.
Apparently the late Franz Oppenhof
was selected by the Allies because of his
relationship with the Catholic Church.
He had been lawyer in Aachen and
Dusseldorf and had, as client. the
Catholic Archdiocese. Such evidence as
we have indicates that he was max
ing progress in getting things going
In his devastated city.
Evening star., 1945-04-02
Terrorism in GERMANY
By Raym ond Moley

Oppenhof was apparently killed by
Nazi freedom fighters" The Nazis
claim that another such mayor has
been blown up with his family in the
village of Muetzenich, south of Aachen.
Despite the sinister implications of
terrorism in conquered territory the
orderly habits of the mass of Germans,
the existence of great religious bodies
and remnants of other old groups can
be counted on to work for law and Or
der. The Nazis in occupied countries
fought the underground by armed pro-
lection of natives put into Office and
by the intimidation through the execu-
ton of hostages and the seizure of
property. The Allies can provide armed
protection, but measures of retaliation
can hardly be taken.
But this situation points to the neces-
sity of vigorous action to apprehend
all known members of the Nazi party
and other identifiable groups of a SIM
liar character. Some will be subject to
criminal trials, others can be consigned
to work in Russia and elsewhere as part
OF the payment of reparations.
OF one thing we can be sure. These
manifestations of terrorism are almost
wholly Nazi in origin. Germany never
had the habit of assassination as a polit-
ical weapon until Naziism arose. Over
the years, despite the prevalence of
militarism, Germany was an orderly
country. All that changed with the
rise OF Hitler 20 years ago. This out
break merely underlines the need for
destroying the Nazi party and its af-
f1liates.
tReleased by the Associated Nswspapers)
Evening star., 1945-04-02
Wilson Letters to Harvey

The Library of Congress has come
into possession of thirty-three let
ters written by Woodrow Wilson to
George Harvey. This means that
large gap in modern American his
tory may be filled. The mystery OF
the relation between the twenty
seventh President and his leading po-
litical sponsor has engaged the legit-
innate curiosity of numerous public
for more than three decades. II it
now is feasible to discover and print
the facts, the memory of both men
may be served
Meanwhile, let it be noticed that
the help of Colonel" Harvey was
help which any honorable aspirant
to the highest office in the National
Government in the period between
1904 and 1912 properly might wish
to have No Chief Executive ever
has attained his lofty position with
out the assistance of friends. Mr.
Wilson was no exception to the rule.
Neither was Colonel" Harvey's wish
to be an influence in the political
picture of his time an indefensible
ambition. He had much in common
with Mr. Wilson. The background
of his life was not vastly different
from that of the Staunton clergy
mans son who had attained the ad-
ministrative direction of Princeton
University.
Colonel" Harvey was a native of
Peacham, Vermont, born February
16, 1854, and named for General Nc
Clellan, rival of Lincoln in the
campaign of that year. He was edu-
Gated in the local academy, clerked
in his fathers store, was a reporter
for the Saint Johnsbury Index, then
successfully for the Springfield Re-
publican and the Chicago News.
Joseph Pulitzer made him managing
editor of the New York World in
1891, and he supported Cleveland in
1892, BY the end of the century his
aggressive skill in the development
and operation of various public
utilities had brought him a fortune,
part of which he employed to buy
the North American Review in 1899.
He became president Of Harper and
Brothers publishing house in 1900
and editor of. Harper's Weekly in
1901.
Exactly how or why the Colonel"
decided to back Mr.. Wilson never
was altogether clear, even to their
intimates. Possibly the letters which
have been acquired by the Library
of Congress will disclose the occasions
and the circumstances OF their first
Evening star., 1945-04-02
Radio Is Coming Of Age
rom the Indianapolis News.

From the Indianapolis News
One of the things which continue to
irritate American radio listeners is the
constant interruption of important news
broadcasts by commercial announce
ments. 1t is pathetic to listen to
heroic story like that,of Bastogne, only
to be Jared moment later with
blunt plug for product.
The broadcasting of news has become
a vital public service. 1t has brilliant
future, one that should not be marred
by commerciahsm or greed on the part
of radio station owners.
Radio Is coming Of age In many ways.
What may be perfectly legitimate in an
entertainment program is highly OBJ
jectionable in newscast.
The Indianapolis News radio station.
WIBC, on its own volition has halted all
middle commercials In news broadcasts
This policy will pertain to all newscasts
which originate in the WIBC studios.
Over some Of the network programs the
station has no control, but 1t is urging
the network to follow suit.
All four OF tie major networks, Mu-
tual, Columbia, Blue and NBC, should
join in this forward movement and like
wise eliminate all middle commercials
in news broadcaStS.
Evening star., 1945-04-02
Letters to The Star
Gives Different Interpretation of
French Colonial Policy

To the Editor Of The Star:
You published in The Star OF March
49, an article by Sigrid Arne Of the
Associated Press entitled Colonial Is
sues to Face Farley" in which the fol-
lowing sentence appears: But French
delegates to the l. P. r. at Hot Springs,
Va, gave signs Of irritation when pressed
for their program in French Indo-
China"
In my double capacity as secretary
to the French delegation to this con-
ference and as a French colonial ad-
ministrator, I can assert that this dec
laration is doubly false. If France had
not wanted to discuss this type OF
problem, she would not have sent a
delegation to Hot Springs, inasmuch as
this private conference met to discuss
Just such questions; moreover, the
French members of this conference. the
European French as we'll as the Indo-
Chinese French Uwo Annameses and
one Cambodian) anticipated the dis
cussions and did not wait to be ques-
toned I hold at your disposal the text
on that subject
AS to the Indo-C Chinese who took
refuge in France during the war" they
had been living in France long before
the war and two of them are French
citizens and have married French
women.
1t is true that they demanded full
democratic rights for Indo-China. This
is the duty of every Frenchman worthy
of the name. If the author of the article
had taken the trouble to inform her
self, she could have added that this is
the ultimate goal of the French colonial
policy and that experts. for several
years have been preparing a new con-
stitution for all the French territories.
a constitution which has been partly
proclaimed and which provides for the
granting of those full democratic rights.
Permit me also to make this point:
The article in question looks at the
colonial powers from point of view
that frequently is encountered in the
United States. considering them to be
powers which oppress the colonial peo-
Piles to whom they refuse their inde-
pendence. Before presenting the colonial
problem in such an over r-simplifled
manner. it would be necessary to go
into a long series of distinctions be-
tween the various types of so-called
dependent territories. And I believe the
author of the article would find ample
thnIIOht
still very recent history of the United
States and even present events, with
the annexation of New Mexico, Texas
and California on the one hand, the
acquisition of former Spanish colonies
on the other hand, and finally in the
strategic and economic requirements Of
this country. JEAN DE LA ROCHE,
French Press and Information Service.
New York.
Evening star., 1945-04-02
Coal Mining Continues

In consenting to keep the soft coal
mines open for another thirty days,
John L. Lewis reveals that he is not
prepared to accept responsibility for
a strike which would torpedo our war
production machinery on the eve of
victory over Germany.
Mr.. Lewis has not done this gra-
ciously. Instead of an unqualif1ed
acceptance of the War Labor Boards
order for continuance of the miners
contract, with any pay increases to
be given retroactive effect, he in
sisted on writing in his own thirty
day time limit And with his usual
taste for the theatrical, he argued
until the end for a surety bond or
some other evidence that the opera
tors would live up to the WLB stip-
ulations which they had accepted
without reservation. But these are
secondary matters. The important
thing is that, for another month at
lCdSt, IllS COdl "luCll VIC liluoI lldfC
to fight the war will be mined.
1t is worth noting, however, that
the history of this latest industrial
dispute introduces new evidence of
the extent to which collective bar
gaining has broken down under war;
time procedure. The representatives
of the miners and the operators have
been meeting for six weeks without
agreeing on a single matter in dis
pute.
In view of this. the plain inference
is that the negotiations have not
been conducted with any real
thought of reaching an agreement.
AS is the case with all important war
industries, the negotiators know that
the Government cannot afford any
protracted work stoppage in the coal
fields and that, as a last resort, the
WLB will settle the dispute for them.
In other words, the incentive for
reaching an agreement of their own
has been eliminated and as a result
the parties do not bargain in any
literal sense of the term.
Evening star., 1945-04-02
Occupying Germany

The problem of occupying Ger
many is no longer remote one. Its
Immediate and pressing nature is
emphasized by such developments as
Major General Clay'S resignation
from the Office of War Mobilization
to become General Eisenhower
deputy in charge of German civil
affairs. Great areas of the Reich are
already held by our armies, and vir-
tually the whole of it seems certain
to fall in the relatively near future.
The task then will be to restore
order among scores of millions of
people, and this will be the more
difficult and complicated because
there will be no native authority to
replace the Nazi regime.
1t will be task without precedent,
necessitating a firm understanding
among the Allies on the policies to be
followed. The naming of admins
traitors like General Clay-American,
Russian, British, French and perhaps
other nationalities-is simple, but to
guard against the danger of their
working at cross-purposes, to CO.
ordinate their efforts, means finding
answers to numerous extremely
complex questions. What should be
the boundaries of the zones to be
assigned to each of the victorious
Allies? What legal and economic
procedures are to be established? In
what way will overall supervision
be exercised over the separate areas
of occupation? What steps should
be taken to promote gradual and
orderly shift from military to civil
ian control? On all these and
multitude of other contentious mat
tiers there must be agreement, espe-
cially on the part of Britain, Russia
and the United States.
The European Advisory Commis-
sion eil London has already achieved
much In this connection. and COM
mon policies were worked out at
Yalta-at least to the extent of de-
vising Joint plan to fix zones and
establish a central control to meet
the chaotic situation likely to obtain
In the first weeks after Germany's
fall. Beyond that period, however,
Evening star., 1945-04-02
Home Front Heroine

To the Editor of The Star:
Look at the lower edge of War Bond.
See the four words in fine print
Bureau Engraving and Printing. They
tell where the bond was made. Every
American knows why the bond is made
But perhaps not many know of dark
haired, blue-eyed, untiring Daisy Mae
Oldfield. supervisor in charge of the
huge War Bond section of the bindery
where the great volume of work Is
finished and the bonds packaged and
readied for you.
An employe of long standing and rec
ognized ability, Mrs. Oldfeld was put in
charge of a few examiners and opera
tives to work on the first printed De-
fense Bonds. She has seen her unit
grow until now jointly with Henry
Pickard she has hundreds under her
supervision.
Want to know what her day" is like?
Here it is:
Driving in to Washington from her
home in suburban Silver Spring, Nd,
where she lives with her husband and
their 5-year old daughter Patricia
Daisy Oldheld is at her desk by 7:30 m
when work at the bureau begins.
Amid the Niagara like roar of trim
ming machines, Kelly presses (they do
the red ink work. and stitching ma
chimes, she is called to talk on the tele-
phone every few minutes. She must see
that sufficient personnel is assigned to
various jobs so that the days output of
bonds is assured. She confers with
officials.
Among so many, some one constantly
is demanding her attention on matters
concerning the work, making requests
for leave, asking signatures for sick
certificates, consulting her on variety
of things. They come singly and in
groups. Mrs. Oldf1eld takes each in
turn, answering with humor. sympathy,
fairness. She calls each by his first
name, listening interestedly to every
personal problem. Her ready laughter
is a real morale builder. Then, too.
Daisy Oldfield has record of regularity
that is a mark for any one to shoot at.
Mr.. Pickard, foreman, whose duties are
somewhat different, also has an amazing
record of continuous service with no
time off. His story is similar to that of
the -Four Star Lady.
Although she never complains. Mrs.
Oldfield often feels like Mauldin COM
bat trooper. Let bond get misplaced
and she must see that the lost Is found.
For many weeks before a new War
Loan drive is coming up. the normal
amount of work Is greatly increased.
Then every ones task, never light, is
doubled. Mrs. Oldfeld takes this tre-
mendous overload. with its additional
personnel. in her usual good-natured
stride.
Recuperating veterans from hospitals
in the Washington area now are per-
mitted to tour the bureau as sightseers.
They find the War Bond section par
ticularly interesting.
When you buy that extra bond in the
Seventh War Loan, think OF the busy
workers at the Bureau Of Engraving and
Printing, and put Mrs. Daisy Mae Old
field down as Four Star Lady Civilian.
RUTH M. MILLER.
Evening star., 1945-04-02
Little Rebel

April Is maynard one
Caught bettDeen the rain and sun:
Riotous and insincere,
Unpredtctnble but dear.
Sobbtng, she may try to 90
Backward for an hour OF s7sotc;
For,Ddsd, she may urge her branches
Into petnled 1pdldnches.
Stlper-thtghed and mocdsstned
Striding s,Dtttly NTH the Utnd,
Wearing gossomer OF mist,
ShadoUs hooded to her iortst--
Ho,D can one hare so mucH ;lith
In this bright, resurgent tDrdith?
Man, impossible to please,
Smiles on her delinqnenctes
And succun,bs to little blunders
April glorifes as iDonders.
CosETTE MIDDLETON.
Evening star., 1945-04-02
HitIer's Alpine Fortress

Although German disintegratlon
may soon make organized resistance
everywhere impossible. the indica-
tions appear to be that a bitter-end
last stand will be staged in the great
mountain citadel which extends from
Southern Germany to Northern Italy
and from Switzerland's eastern bor-
ders to the Hungarian plains. This
natural fortress is mainly outside OF
Germany proper, but takes in most
of Austria. large section OF Italy.
and a slice of Yugoslavia. 1t Is an
extensive block of territory, fully 800
miles long from east to west and
averaging more than 100 miles wide
from north to south. That is over
10000 square miles, virtually all OF
which is mass of rugged mountain
ranges scanned by narrow valleys,
the various sectors being convertible
into compartments accessible only
by few lofty passes easy to defend.
Furthermore. besides this central
fortress, there are various outer bas-
tions which may be held to fight
delaying actions. Such are the Black
Forest region of the Upper Rhine,
the highland ridge which runs di-
agonally across Southern Germany
from Switzerland to Saxony and the
Bohemian Forest which divides Ba-
varia from Bohemia. The southern
approach to Hitler's Alpine fortress
is already guarded by the stubborn
German stand on the Apennine
range which keeps the Po Valley still
in Nazi hands. geographically, the
most exposed sector of Hitler's for
tress lies to the eastward, from Hun
gary, which is one of the reasons
why the Germans have made such
desperate attempts to hold back the
Russian armies there. But the cap
ture of Vienna would be merely the
beginning of more difficult achieve
ments of the Russians in penetrating
the Austrian highlands to the east
and south.
So much for the lay of the land.
Of course, the strongest natural
positions must be held by adequate.
determined forces And Hitler's cit
adel is big enough to need large
garrison. However, if current reports
are correct, a long planned Nazl
concentration thither is now in full
swing The core of this garrison
should logically be the SIS or Nazi
Elite Guards, most of whom seem
to have vanished from the present
fighting fronts. together with the
most fanatical of the Hitler Youth
as labor battalions and military re-
placements. But, in addition, there
must be large numbers of "quislings"
from all over Europe, notably the
renegade Russians headed by Gen
eral Vlassov who went over to the
Nazis during the first year Of their
invasion of the Soviet Union. All
such quislings know that they are
preconvicted traitors fighting liter
ally with halters around their necks.
They and their NaZi confederates
have nothing to hope for from capt.
ulation. Therefore these desperate
spirits should. in the main, prefer to
sell their lives dearly How and to
what extent they will be able to do
so should soon be revealed
Evening star., 1945-04-02
This and That
By Charles E. TruceueU.

This is good one on three ladies who
went to a club meeting.
They were all dressed I'D In modest
black
Nothing strikes the modern woman's
mind as more tnodish than black.
They were walking along upper Con-
a car came by.
1t is the usual thing for the members
OF this club, when they see others walk
ing, to offer them lift.
Despite the fine day, the present offer
was accepted with alacrity.
Perhaps shoes had something to do
with it.
Now black coats the ladies say have
one drawback
: They pick up dog and cat hairs, and
show all sorts of lint and dust
Hence, before going out, it is always
necessary to brush them vigorously
These three ladies had brushed their
coats until not f1eck of dust was left.
They had the satisfaction of knowing
it, too
Up the Avenue they sped, conversing
as ladies will
When they came to the clubhouse,
they all thanked their hostess for the
ride.
TT was pleasure" smiled she.
Her outfit was black, too.
One of the guests noticed that friend
was lingering behind, picking something
off her coat.
You must have pet dog" she smiled.
The other didn't smile.
NO." she said briefly. II haven't
but suspect the owner of that car has"
All three women then examined them
selves carefully. to find that each was
literally covered with hairs.
All the brushing at home had gone
for naught
There was nothing to do now except
take time out by the door to pick each
other clean.
Any one who has ever tried to pick
dog or cat hairs off wool knows what q
task 1t Is.
Those who accept rides from kind mo-
torists never know what they are getting
into
The family pet has a way of losing
hairs, and all of them land on the coats
of guests.
And the guests, of course, must pre-
tend not to notice.
Almost anything at all may be found
in the back seat Of Americas cars.
When you accept ride on the way to
work, do not be surprised to find any,
thing from clothes being taken to the
cleaners to the family lawn mower on
transport to the repair shop
Collections of old bottles, cans of paint,
and even a bottle of spinal anaesthesia
in doctors car, will meet the eye-and
feet.
Be prepared to stumble over some
thhg.
Mud, oil and old papers-these are
some of the lesser evils.
Garden tools are usual back seat equip
ment these days.
Susceptible persons may run into heas
and worse. 1t has been done.
You can't look gift horse in the face,
goes the old saying; and certainly the
gift automobile ride. freely offered out
of goodness of heart (and also belief
that someway it may help in getting
more gas, ultimately is not to be sneezed
at, orepried into too closely