davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-09-24
Broken Hearted and Hungry: ...
'Americons in Jap Prison Sang
Carols on Christmas Morninq

This is the third OF series
OF articles by Maj. Gen. EdtDnrd
P. King, r., assistant to Gen.
Jonathan Wainwright and COM
n,ander OF American forces on
Bataan. Gen. King nom is on
indefinite leaDe at his home In
Atlanta, Dhere he told his story
to Yoldnde G,Din OF the Atlanta
Constitution
BY MAI. GEN. EDWARD p.
KING, Jr.
ATLANTA, Ga, Sept. 24.-As a
boy, 1 was fascinated and thrilled
to read of Christmas customs all
over the world. Down in Brazil
Christmas came in midsummer
so boys and girls down there-and
I envied them-could celebrate
twice, once for Christmas and once
because school was out.
I used to think about Christmas
in the Holy Land where there were
three observances II the Roman
Catholic on December IS; the Greek
Orthodox, Syrian and Abyssinian
on January s, and on January 18
the Armenians had their celebra-
ton. I thought about Christmas
in India. where people filled hand
kerchiefs with dried wheat, raisins
or money. But for me, still liked
my Christmas stocking, packed with
goodies, and my Christmas tree.
Christmas in foreign lands always
held special appeal for me. for ]
knew boys like myself were getting
big thrill out of opening all those
exciting presents. Even in the most
distant lands, from Greenland's icy
mountains to India's coral strand,
knew that Christmas was happy
day when families gathered anC
when the family dinner table wa:
loaded with goodies. Our home ir
Georgia was no exception. How
happy those days we're! Even now
that I am back at home after three
years of bitterness which I will moi
forget, I have feeling of nostalgia
at the mere thought of my boy
hood.
Behind Barbed Wire.
1t was ironical that I should have
been interested in Christmas ir
foreign lands. little dreaming thai
three of those hallowed days woule
be spent in a distant land-and ir
an alien land behind the barbed.
wire fence of prison camp. Christ.
mas is Christianity in its most rev.
erent expression. That the Jap.
Evening star., 1945-09-24
Joseph H. Bowes Dies;
Funeral Wednesday

Funeral services for Joseph Hay
den Bowes, so, who died Saturday OF
\ cerebral hemorrhage at Casualty
Hospital. will be held at am. We'd
nesday from his residence. 1900 Ply
mouth street NV. Requiem mass
will be celebrated at 10 am. at St
Joseph's Church. Burial will be in
Cedar Hill Cemetery.
Born in Catonsville, Md, Mr.
Bowes came to Washington as q
child and until recently lived in the
Southeast section. He was member
of the Southeast Business Mems
Association.
He is survived by a son. James
Everett Bowes. a Navy medical stu
dent; two sisters, Mrs. Clayton o
Eakle and Mrs. David H. Alsop, and
two brothers, John Ford and Charles
Bowes, all of WASHINGTON.
Evening star., 1945-09-24

anese should even notice the day
Is farce.
But not so with the Americans
We Americans in prison never let
60 that part Of our lives which: was
growing DINNER as the days passed,
but which we all knew in our hearts
would never completely 60 out. We
had our Christmas in our humble
way and. although our hearts were
not light and gay and there were
no visions OF sugar plums dancing
in our heads as we went to bed that
Christmas eve OF 1912. we were going
to hold fast to our ideals.
We were going to have Christmas
away from our families and away
from our loved ones. There were no
cards to add bits of Christmas cheer.
there were no letters from home.
The entire time was in prison,
I had only % letters from home
Gen. Wainwright had only six
Measure those over three years and
you can imagine how hungry we
were even for mere word. We were
allowed to write once a month, but
know now that very few OF those
letters were ever received by my wife
and other members of my family
Haggard and Worn Men.
Our first Christmas in prison, 1912
was spent at Karenko. For some
time, we prisoners there had held
| Sunday church services. There was
no chaplain among us, but each
week one of the prisoners would
volunteer to conduct the services
We had organized choral singing
group, so when Christmas came We
decided to have Christmas carols
There were many British officer.
among us, and they, too, took part ir
our yuletide plans.
If you can imagine us out there
thousands of miles from our loved
ones, trying to hold on to life anc
trying TO carry on for Merry
Christmas-let your minds eye lool
at haggard and worn men, thin al.
most to skeletons, wearing tatterec
and faded uniforms, marching from
barrack to barrack singing Silent
Night, Holy Night" 20 Little Town
of Bethlehem" God Rest You
Merry Gentlemen" and many more
of the favorites.
If you have ever seen men singins
with breaking hearts, you have 9
picture of these lonely and distressed
prisoners. Tears rolled down oul
cheeks-I was not one of the singers
Evening star., 1945-09-24

mas 1945 would find me back In
America with my beloved wife
Betty, I think the day would have
passed more quickly. Home and
Betty seemed farther and farther
away. and although my days were
spent hoping. then despairing, I
think 1t was the dream of her that
kept me going that day. There was
no mail from home to make the
day happier.
When was boy and Christmas
drew near, I remember I blacked
out the days on the calendar. When
I was in prison, kept little note
book-it was my diary, my calendar,
and today call it a monument to
eternity. knew would never
have news from home with any
regularity There was no way to
Evening star., 1945-09-24

tell one day from the other. Time
for us meant days of endless misery
and torture, and worry. Every
morning when I wound my watch
I would strike out a day on my
crudely made calendar. AS I struck
of December Is, 1914, had queer
feeling; feeling that perhaps after
all the sorrow I had seen. after all
the sorrow I knew my men had
suffered that perhaps I was lucky
lucky because I was alive with Is
other prisoners who some day would
be relased to return to a world Of
reality to tell our story.
Ito Be Continued.)
fcopyrishs 1a45, by Edward P. King. Jr.)
Released BY the North American
Newspaper Alliance, 1nc.)
Evening star., 1945-09-24

however-as emotions ran their
course. All Of Us Joined the singers
in their visits to the barracks and
soon we were all herded together,
singing and dreaming Of peace on
earth, good will toward men. In the
distance, Japanese guards eyed us
with anything but good will. You
don't forget looks like those in
Oriental eyes. Singing does lot to
boost morale. and for those men
whose thoughts and spirits were
back home, those songs provided q
blessed relief from q never-ending
heartache
No Gifts, No Boxes.
We had no gifts, there was no
tearing open Of boxes, gay with rib
bons and seals. Some Of us thought
back to other Christmases: how we
had joked and laughed over some
Of our presents. Some OF the men
even laughed as they remembered
some OF the ties given them by their
wives. families or sweethearts. One
OF those ties then, of any color, any
pattern, would have been priceless
We hadn't lost the old American
sense of humor.
Our food was poor, even on
Christmas Day-though the Japa-
nese did give us an apple that day
At mess. there was again that nos
talgia for home and for the Christ
mas stockings crammed with fruits
and nuts and candy which Is such
definite part Of the American way
Of life. One OF the men found some
greenery somewhere and decided he
would use 1t to decorate the bar
racks. There were no Christmas
trees available. but we remembered
how our wives and mothers deco.
rated the house with wreaths and
green's. The mans happy thought
had tragic note. Instead of the
happy memories he expected, he got
thorough beating by the Japs
But we had our touch of yuletid,
color, for we found some colorec
paper cut 1t in streamers. and mad,
a feeble attempt at decorating oul
quarters.
Next Christmas at Mukszak.
The next Christmas, 1S43, we wer,
at Mukszak. Conditions there wer,
pretty much the same, except tina
we were allowed to buy bananas ant
pineapples, which we added to wha
meager rations We had. Christina!
day the Japanese gave us a littl,
pork and q piece Of bread. That
was far cry from the Christina.
tables we dreamed about at home
with turkey. cranberry sauce ant
plum pudding We had our privat.
thoughts at dinner that day, anc
there was not much talking during
the meal. Our minds were far away
At this camp were eight British
civilians and officers, five Dutch
civilians and officers and Gen
Wainwright. Gen. George F. Moore
Of Texas and myself.
| As in the previous camp. we helc
religious services and as we three
American officers and the British
officers were all of the Episcopaliar
faith, Episcopalian services were
held most OF the time. This wa.
true of Christmas Day in 1943.
There were no beatings at thi.
camp. Life became a period ol
agonized waiting. The tension wa.
relieved by mental fiash-backs tt
life at home. l remembered Christ.
mas days my wife and I had spent
in Army camps in America, tn,
freedom We enjoyed and happines!
We shared. blissfully unaware O.
what lay ahead for us. At Mukszal
we made feeble attempt to enjo,
the day, but there was something
missing. 1t was our families.
Christmas in 1874.
My last Christmas as a Japanes,
prisoner-in 1914 was at Seian
Had I dreamed then that Christ
Evening star., 1945-09-24

Hsre's 4 book that you have beea watt
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eomplsts life Of this great hunanitarien
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You'll 80 Franklin Roosevelt % q baby;
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Tshsfan, casablanea, Quebec. There
b total Of 1856 pictures and they're
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lest lifetime.
Evening star., 1945-09-24
1vsu pes,oa StLosjtov

Bvesy Pesso4 Sho0S8oWRW G
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this book 1t - "mssts foe ti,s book.
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Youth b proud to dsp3ay tins sfsak
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Evening star., 1945-09-24
.Garha nf Thanka

CLIFF, LILLY MAE BUSH. We wish to
express our sincere thanks and apprecia-
tion to- the pastor, oficers and members
Of st. Johns c. NJ. e. Church and to rela-
ttves and friends for their many kind
nesses during the illness and at the death
OF our beloved daughter and sister, LILLY
MAE BUSH CLIFF
MRS EMMA BUSH MISSES EDITH AND
GLADYS BUSH.
SLAUGHTER. LIT. JAMES e. The fam
lily of the late 1t. JAMES E. SLAUGHTER
friends for their thoughtfulness during the
Illness and the beautiful floral tributes
and other expressions of sympathy at his
Evening star., 1945-09-24

FUNERAL DESIGNS
CHACONAS
BEAUTIFUL FLORAL PIECES
$5-$7.5o-sio DELIVERED
Flowers Telesraphed Anywhere
800 18th ST. NV. COLUMBIA s775
C & G FLOWER STORES
MORAL SPRAY s3.85 UP DELIVERED
Charge Accounts Invited
Two Convenient Locations
e0e 14th St. NV. ME. 743S
b23 r st. NV. ME. s4O4
GUIDE BROS. co. Funeral Pieces
1917 Z St. NV. National 127a
GEO. G. SHAFFER, Inc.
IMPRESSIVE FLORAL TRIBUTES AT
MODERATE PRICES PHONE Ma. o1Od
Cor. l4th & Eye cs;p .ss s,s.sssY. s.ss,s,'
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-04-01

came so interested in the music
of "Peter and the Wolf that they
set to work to paint frieze, telling
the story of this fairy tale.
Another activity they like is to
learn how to conduct the W a y
Swain does, so they practice the
conductors motions for different
kinds of time before the concert.
Then they watch him carefully to
see if he really does it!
Listening to records ahead OF
time, and acquainting the children
with the program is the secret OF
their enjoyment of concert. There
is no wiggling in a children's audi
ence when they really know the
music.
At the children's concert, a COM
mentator outlines simply the back
bround of the music. He also intro
duces the various instruments, ex-
planning their parts in the orches-
tration.
AS a consequence, the appear.
ance of the N. C. Symphony Or
chestra is an exciting event in the
lives of school children, an event
which stretches over several weeks
climaxed by the appearance OF the
orchestra itself.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-04-01
FAIR BLUFF

FAIR BLUFF, March 31-Mrs.
J. E. Dick has as her guest Mrs.
Georgia Chichester from Detroit.
Mrs. H. M. Powell returned last
week from Jonesboro, after spend
ing the winter with her daughter,
Mrs. Arnold Pate and Rev. Mr..
Pate.
Mrs. M. S. Smith of Whiteville,
has been visiting her brother and
sister-in-law, Mr.. and Mrs. E. W.
jenkins.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. Hix Powell and
son, B. A. Powell, have returned
after being in Lexington, KY,
while Mr.. Powell was on the to-
bacco market.
Mr.. and Mrs. E. W. jenkins,
Mrs. Eva Jenkins and Miss Eve
lyn jenkins joined Mrs. Pyland
Bryant, and Wibert Bryant of Co.
lumbia, S. C. and Mrs. M. S.
Smith of Whiteville, at the home
of Mr.. and Mrs. M. N. Jenkins
in Mullins, S. c., Sunday at a
family gathering.
Mr.. and Mrs. Robert King and
children visited relatives in Harris
vile, S. c., Sunday.
DR.. and Mrs. L. D. Floyd have
visiting them at their home on
Riverside, their brother, Eddie
Powell from Jacksonville, Fla.
L. C. Edmund left recently for
his home in St. Louis Mo.
Cornie J. Coleman returned Fri
day to Buffalo after \ weeks visit
in the city with his mother, Mrs.
Henry Coleman.
DR.. and Mrs. M. A. Waddell
visited their daughter, Miss Eva
lyn at Flora Macdonald college,
Red Springs Sunday. While on the
trip they visited Mr.. and Mrs. j..
E. Pierce at Parkton.
Mr.. and Mrs. Dempsey Coleman
spent Tuesday and Wednesday in
Richmond, Va.
Mrs. L. A. Smith left Thursday
for Smithfield after a visit in Fair
Bluff with Mrs. James F. Smith
and little Lancy Smith.
Mrs. Charles Herring left last
week to join her husband at Nor
folk, where he is now with the
Navy.
Mrs. H. c. Hammond spent
some time last week visiting Mr..
and Mrs. Hubert Hammond in
Wilmington.
! Mrs. Willis Wright and baby
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-04-01
Huggins-Overstreet
Marriage Announced

LUMBERTON, March 31.-Miss
AIRY Elizabeth Overstl eet, daugh-
rr of Mrs. Esther Overstreet of
ekulla and the late James Dav-
Overstreet, became the bride
4 Cecil Broughton Higgins of
:napel Hill Sunday afternoon,
arch S, at 1890 o'clock in Trim
y Methodist churc in Red
brings. The Rev. Allen c. Lee,
aston of the church, officiated.
The bride wore teal blue suit
it'll navy accessories and Shout
.r bouquet of gardenias. She was
'raduated from Flora Macdonald
,ollege and for several years
,ught sc hool in Mecklenburg
ounty. At present she is assistant
brarian at the general college IL
lrary at the University of North
arolina.
The bridegroom is the son of
IRIS. Mingus Caldwell Higgins OF
i.endersonville and is employed as
agineer at the University of
,orth Carolina.
The couple will make their
ONE in Chapel Hill.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-04-01

The North Carolina Symphony or
chestra, only state supported
m usi group in America, was
originated in 1882, largely through
the enthusiasm of a native comp S.
er and musician, Lamar String
field. Later with WPA money, he
carried on, supplementing the orig
inal personnel with a group of i'm
pecunious musicians - profession
al and amateur. But when the need
for wages largely disappeared
from the situation, the orchestra
had taken firm roots in the sunny
North Carolina soil. Now its men,
bers are unpaid Except for a
small honorarium) musicians who
overcome formidable handicaps to
get together for rehearsals a n d
concerts. DR.. Benjamin Swain,
Conductor, travels all over the
state before concerts holding Sec
tional rehearsals to keep t h or
chestra in trim.
The orchestra will play for con-
cert in Raleigh on Saturday, April
z and again on Monday, April 9,
at Durham.
In 1913, a determined lobby of
music lovers descended upon Raj
eigh; secured their first appropria-
ton to help defray expenses.
North Carolina is state of many
small towns, but no metropolis
Largest city has barely 100000 pop
ulation). No one community, there
fore, can support large and con-
tinuing symphony orchestra. But
the state can, and the states SYM
phony, rowing all the way from
the mountains to the seashore Ga
distance of over 500 miles, h a S
brought good music to people who
never knew there was more to
music than the latest output OF tin
pan alley. Now, Beethoven and Mo-
Fart are enriching the lives of peo-
pie, some of whom otherwise have
diet largely composed of corn
bread and mollasses.
In accomplishing this, the orches-
ira has developed an esprit de
corps which seems strange to peo-
pie who do not know the terrific
pull music has on those who love
it. Members of the orchestra are
scattered over territory SOB miles
long, 1873 miles wide. 1t is COM
posed of professors housewives,
students, lawyers, house painters,
preachers, statesmen, defenseWork-
ers and great miscellany of per-
sons who apparently are wiling to
make all kinds of sacrifices to be
a part of music making organi-
cation. 1t is truly a citizens or
chestra. One winter day, when all
transportation was sleeted under,
one member walked six miles to
appear for concert
Another member of the orches-
ira, a fireman On a locomotive,
took his trombone along with him
on train trips so he could get in
few precious minutes of practice
during stops.
The Luboffs-husband and wife
come to practice with their new
born baby in a portable basket. A
flutist arriving at the concert
place, discovered he had left his
flute behind. There was no bus
back, so he walked five miles to
his home, got his flut, and caught
another bus to the concert town.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-04-01

daughter of New River, are visit
ing Mrs. Wright's parents, Mr..
and Mrs. Charlie Waddell.
Miss Hannah Yates of Chad
bourn, visited Miss Trixie Yates
and Mrs. Clara Nance last week
end.
Mrs. Ralph Bullock of Whining
ton, spent the weekend with her
mother, Mrs. Bill Floyd.
Mrs. Make Small is seriously
ill at her home near the CITY,.
Mrs. w. Y. Bryan and little
laughter Brenda, left Mrs. Bryan S
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. J. B.
Prince, last week to join M-Sgt.
Bryan in Topeka, Kansas.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-04-01
North Carolina Symphony Orchestra,
ate-Supported, To Give Concerts

A soldier member (there are
several service men in the orches-
tra) found that his big harp had
arrived safely, but without a key
to its case. While orchestra mem
bers sweated anxiously, a phleg-
matte garage mechanic solved the
problem by simply taking off the
hinges of the case.
Most whimsical tribulatlon of the
symphony has to do with transpor-
tation. Mrs. Benjamin Swain, wife
of the conductor, has developed a
genius for packing people and in
struments n o passenger cars.
First go in the instruments, then
the musicians are draped around
them as comfortably as possible.
To see a Swain loaded car dis
gorge its contents is an unforget-
table sight.
The orchestra is proudest of all
for its contribution to the musical
education of Tar Heel youngsters.
1t gives numerous children's con-
certs which are free to school kids.
Preceding these concerts, public
school music teachers in the COM
munity condition. their pupils to
the concert. The Junior department
of the Symphony Society prepares
material on the forthcoming pro-
gram w h C h is mailed out to
schools several weeks in advance
of the date of the concert. Follow
ing these suggestions, teachers are
able to acquaint the children with
the music beforehand, so that they
are ready and eager listeners at
the concert.
One of the things done before a
program is to teach the names
of the instruments by large charts.
Children learn to recognize a d
name them from pictures and also
from sound. .(records are used
when there are no players in the
community to demonstrate for
them.) In Chapel Hill, however,
before the first concert of the sea-
son several symphony players
went into the schools, and played
for various grades. Another devide
to help the children listen appre-
ciatively to symphony is to teach
them to sing the themes or to play
t h e m on their tonettes. At the
Chapel Hill concert a group of to-
nette players introduced the last
movement of the Beethoven Sixth
Symphony by playing the opening
theme for the audience. Following
this, the entire audience of young
sters sang the theme.
The children enjoy listening to
stories about the composers whose
works are to be played, and they
also love to hear anecdotes about
the pieces. They are especially in
terested in hearing about the young
soloists who play with the orches-
ira, and after concerts these young
artists are besieged for autographs
by their admiring listeners.
Sometimes the children carry
their preparation for a concert into
another medium, such as painting.
Recently a group of children be-
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-04-01
ELIZABETHTOWN

ELIZABETHTODN, March 81
Mrs. W. E. Tullock and children
I'D Mrs. Mary Hocutt and son
Greensboro, spent the weekend
it'll DR.. and Mrs. r. S. Cromar-
1t. and Mrs. Edward Clark ar
we'd last week from Huntsville,
aa., where they have been locat-
I for several months. Mrs. Clark
i'll spend while with Mr.. and
rs. H. H. Clark, 1t. Clark left
r Ann Arbor, Mich, on Friday.
Mrs. R. L. Hamilton, Jr., left
friday for Washington, D. c., to
with her husband, Sgt. Hanil-
n, while he is stationed at Fl.
eade, Md.
Miss Catharine Layton of Chica-
h. visited Mr.. and Mrs. L. D.
ticks last week.
Mr.. and Mrs. R. H. Work have
turned after spending a few
onths in San Antonio, Texas.
hey also visited in Laredo, Tex
Miss Agnes Lapsley of Green
|lle, spent last weekend with her
ster, MIS-. Newton Robinson.
Miss Mary Elizabeth johnson of
ora Macdonald college, is spend
IL the Easter season at her home
IRE.
Miss Anne Cromartie of Rich
ond, Va, spent last weekend
tn her parents, DR.. and Mrs. R.
Cromartie.
Mrs. Johnnie Hemingway left
1esday for Nashville, Tenn, to
sit her husband, Pvt. Heming-
ay, who has recently returned
pm overseas and is patient in
lie hospital there.
1t. and Mrs. Norman McCulloch
It Thursday for Philadelphia, aft
spending several days with
rs. E. F. McCulloch.
Cpl. and Mrs. Glenn Jones of
mp wheeler, Ca, spent a few
US this week here with rela-
EFes.
Mrs. E. F. McCulloch, Miss Jane
cCulloch, Mrs. N. B. McCulloch,
RS. D. M. Calhoun and son, Dan
e, spent Monday in Durham.
Mr.. and Mrs. J. D. Beatty and
nily have moved into the house
Broad street, which they have
Gently purchased.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-04-01
Trinity Methodist
Circles Will Meet

/ The April circle meetings of Trim
y Methodist church will meet
[onday as follows:
/. Mrs.E R. Clarke, Is North
9Th street, $3.50 pm.
2. Mrs. F. w. Paschall, 1908 Prin-
ess street, $3.50 pm.
8. Mrs. w. c. Davis, 1915 Wool
ott avenue, $3.50 pm.
4. Mrs. L. w. Garrett, 1921 Prin-
ass street, $3.50 pm.
Mrs. J. D. Stanford, 131 Colonial
1illage, a:15 pm.
The Wesleyan Service Guild
tuesday, 8 pm. with Mrs. c. w.
oyette, 1907 Nun street.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-04-01
Easter Monday
Golf Tourney
Set AT Club

On Easter Monday the annual
liked two-ball foursome, for the
}. B. Cameron trophy, will be
layed on the links of the Cape
ear Country club.
The tourney will be underway
lroughout the day and players
lay arrange their handicaps with
ne pro, Kurt Boehm, at the golf
1op. Luncheon is to be served at
ne club.