davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-03-14

want to go home There is an essential
justice in this point of view with which
it is impossible to argue Yet, as the
Army and Navy Journal says editorially
IN commenting on Admiral Standley's
suggestion:
The mechanics of issuing final dis
charges from the armed forces are not
simple. There are many steps which
must be taken to safeguard the inter-
ests of the individual and of the Gov
ernment, many records which must be
assembled and financial transactions
which must be completed before the
man is legally out of the service"
This process cannot be hurried too
much. If it is, it provides a vast legacy
of trouble for the future. No one who
has had any experience with the affairs
OF the veterans OF the last war will sug-
gest that we seek any shortcuts in the
process of making sure that every rec
ord is complete and every individual
case receives all proper attention. But
soldiers back from the wars, held In
camps scattered throughout the country
waiting discharge, are not happy men.
They are miserable, restless, impatient,
sometimes even mutinous. To such men,
the boon of 80 days home leave at the
earliest possible moment after their re-
turn from abroad would make all the
difference in the world.
* y i Il
Furthermore-againt to quote the Army
and Navy Journal-"their return to their
organization to await Anal discharge
would afford an opportunity to consider
their civilian life and business from all
angles, make plans based on late and
intimate knowledge, so that when they
finally break of their military attach
ments, they would know exactly what
to expect in picking up the threads OF
their old civilian life
The period Of readjustment through
which each Of these men must pass
and We must remember that some Of
them Will have been away from home
TOR years-will be difficult enough at
best. Admiral Standley's plan makes
the change in easy stages instead Of
suddenly and abruptly.
Moreover, the admiral suggests that
the Congress should make provision by
law for this period of leave. thus maxi
ing 1t mandatory on the military and
naval authorities instead of privilege
to be granted or withheld as individual
commanders may think proper. It Is
to be hoped that 20 simple and sound 4
means of helping millions of young
Americans to make this great change
will commend itself to the Congress.
(Copyright, 1e45.l
Evening star., 1945-03-14
Standley's Suggestion
By Mai. George Fieldine Eliot

Here is truly splendid suggestion.
1t comes from Admiral William H
STANDBY, U. S. N, former Chief of
Naval Operations and Commander,
Battle Force, United States Fleet, and It
appears in the current issue of the Army
and Navy Journal
Admiral Standley suggests that every
American soldier, sailor and Marine
who has seen foreign service shall when
ne is returned to the United States
for final discharge, be given a months
leave at the earliest moment that his
services can be spared in order that
he may go home and spend that time
with his family in readjusting himself
to civilian life and renewing those home
town contacts with which he has lost
touch during his period Of service.
Then when he Is finally discharged.
he will not be thrown all at once and
without any preparation into scenes and
conditions which will have changed
greatly while he has been away. He
Will be more or less prepared, both psy-
chologically and economically, for the
new conditions under which he must
live. He will have had a chance to
learn something Of what has been hap
penlng at home. His old friends. who
will have acquired new interests and
new ideas while he has been gone, will
not seem so strange to him. He will
have chance to think things over, to
adjust himself, to make plans. He will
have chance to see about his old lob.
or new one; to get some idea of where
and how he is going to live; perhaps
to make tentative arrangements for a
new home. There is every possible ad-
vantage, to the individual and to the
Nation, in thus cushioning the shock of
change from the military life to the
civilian life.
: It takes long time to discharge mil
lions OF men from the service, Is
Admiral Standley points out, even II
we discharge 1000 men an hour. It
would take 10 months to get rid of 2,5oo,-
600 men"-and the fall OF Germany
may, according to home estimates, per-
NIT the release of that many. The end
of the Japanese war will result, of
course, In the discharge of many more
millions.
Now this writer knows from expe-
rience that the period between the close
Of hostilities and actual discharge Is
the most trying ordeal citizen soldier
can 60 through. Most soldiers do not
see any reason why they cannot go home
Immediately. They enlisted to fight for
their country: they won the fight; they
Evening star., 1945-03-14
This and That
BY Charles E. TrnceUeu.
SILVER SPRING, Md

Dear Sir:
Yesterday ] saw robin in my yard
so I'm sure that spring is on the way.
That makes me think of bird nests
and houses. Can you give any informa-
ton as to the placing of birdhouses
or does it make any differencea
Our trees are too small so they will
have to be placed on our house or porch.
Last year we so enjoyed watching
mockingbird family being raised in
cedar tree
What becomes of the juncos In sum-
mer? We have so many all winter and
they disappear in summer. Many Of
them are almost brown instead OF dark
slate. Are they the young or females?
Thanks for your interesting column.
Yours truly. H. j."
II - u
Junco young in their first plumage
are grayish-bro on the back.
The females are similar to the adult
males, but the slate color Is rather
lighter sometimes considerably so.
Snowbirds breed from the mountains
of Pennsylvania and New York and
other States northward to Labrador.
They merely winter In this part OF
the country.
1t is true winter bird. not going any
farther South than it has TO At any
time of the year.
The National Capital is deep South
for junco (often called snowbird).
There is another species called snow
bird, sometimes snowflake, but 1t Is
much wilder.
Our junco, or -snowbird, Is q sparrow
and that is why he may be seen eating
SO peacefully with the other sparrows,
including the English variety.
The Adirondacks are his favorite
breeding grounds. The nest Is placed on
the ground in most cases. but some
times in the crevices Of rocks or In the
roots Of an upturned tree.
Four or five white or greenish- white
eggs, spotted with brown, are laid
This bird eats mainly insects and
weed seeds, so it may be realized that
it is one of the most useful OF all our
native birds.
Bird houses are best placed on trees
or posts.
If put on porch they should be
placed high, preferably just under the
roof.
Wrens like such a situation and SO do
English sparroWs. If the entrance hole
is too large, the latter will get In. The
best size for wrenhouse entrance Is
l inch, but an eighth Of an inch smaller
may do and has that much better
chance of keeping the sparrows out.
Unless our correspondents trees are
very small, indeed, many birdhouses
may be placed on them, Is practically
all the birds which use houses will nest
at heights from feet up.
The bluebird prefers house no HIGHER
than 3 or feet. according to the ex-
perts. Most persons, however. fear that
cats and other animals, including dogs
will get them in such q position. In
regard to this it must be kept in mind
that birds have been facing and f,Ri1t-
ing of marauders, including man, for
centuries, and do not fear them as
much as many Of their human friends
sometimes fancy.
Birdhouses should be faced away
from the prevailing summer winds and
storms In this vicinity this would
mean facing away from the west or
facing south.
No metal should be used In the con.
struction A golden rule Is not to put
up more than three or four boxes to the
acre. This means that no small yard
ought to have more than one or GER
tainly not more than two birdhouses.
Evening star., 1945-03-14
Good ldeu, But
By Dauid Laurence
From the Pittsburgh Pres,.

FROM the Pittsburgh Press.
Representative John ]. Cochran of
Missouri proposes formula for reducing
the cost OF government It goes like
this:
Members of Congress should write
letters to the people at home. telling
them that they-the people-are the
taxpaying goats Of Federal spending.
The people, thus educated, will start
demanding economy. Congress. Yield
ing to the pressure, will then cut ap-
preparations.
Sounds like good idea, but we don't
know how Senators and Representatives
can hnd time to write those letters,
There aren't enough hours in day for
most of them to read the letters they
get from people at home. who want
handouts from the Federal Treasury.
Evening star., 1945-03-14
When March Winds Blow

This March Dind sounds like a preten.
tious boy
Who ,Dhistled for me once Uith all
his might;
And then pretended that such turetul
jog
Was his, because OF blue skies and a
kite.
When scutlnos shaped moss : boards
from each fdgstone,
or his oak cane Dould choose our
ancient fence
T,Dace daily for picket rylophone,-
nv pulse Quickened then slo1Ded
in suspense.
seesdaDed many times before I learned
TO see through him as easily "a
glass
And teign the proper attitudes that
spurned
The music that he made NTH blades
OF grass.
NY heart remembers nou uhen March
tDinds bloU,
Young lore and merry tunes Of long ago.
CHARLOTTE MOORE
Evening star., 1945-03-14
sure in the form Of q strike threat

sure In the form Of . strike threat
to bear on the Government agencies
dealing with labor disputes" The
result of the election is foregone
conclusion, and it is hardly likely
that the Government will again
stand idly by waile the miners go
out on strike. Hence. the fair as
sumption is that John L. Lewis Is
using the strike vote procedure pro-
vided by the law as a club to help
enforce his demands. But even II
this be granted, it does not follow,
on the whole record under the
Smith -Connally Act, that the law
has defeated its own purpose. On
the contrary it may be said that the
law has worked reasonably well, and
that it would work better If Con-
gress were willing to put more teeth
In II.
Evening star., 1945-03-14
Reciprocity in Shows

One of the most notably interest
ing aspects of the projected exhibi-
tion of American art at the Tate
Gallery in London is the possibility
that it may lead to like display
of British art in the National Gallery
in Washington. True enough, there
are Gainsboroughs, ConstableS, Rae
burns, Turner's and Whistlers already
being shown on the walls of many
museums in the United States.
American galleries are not poor in
British classics of that sort. On the
contrary, they are rich.
But there are many other English,
Scottish and Welsh painters of very
great distinction whose work only
imperfectly is known on this side
of the Atlantic. The Tate Gallery
owns Dante Gabriel Rossettis "Ecce
Ancilla Domini," certainly one of the
most memorable compositions of
modern times. It also possesses Lord
Leighton's unforgettable interpreta-
tion of the Scriptural phrase: And
the Sea gave up the Dead which were
in it," Another celebrated canvas
familiar to Americans generally only
in sadly inadequate print form but
sure to be remembered by those who
have visited the Tate is George
Frederick Watts symbolic Hope"
Mere mention of these three ex-
amples OF paintings which might
come to Washington as tokens of
cultural reciprocity after the war
suggests the potentialities of such an
exchange. The list is endless. It
includes: Sir John Everett Millais'
Christ in His Parents House" "The
Northwest Passage" and "Raleigh's
Boyhood";; Sir Edward Burne Jones
'"King Cophetua and the Beggar
Maid" Holman Hunts Claudio and
Isabella" and Ford MADDOX Browns
"Chaucer at the Court of Edward III" {"
The claim Of Britain on the appre-
Evening star., 1945-03-14
Jupun's Industry as Turqet

The success of the recent mass
raids by our BIO Super Fortresses
upon Tokyo and Nagoya furnishes a
factual basis for the long discussed
question of the vulnerability of ia
pans industry to bombing from the
air. It should, of course, be under
stood that, great as is the destruc-
ton which those raids have wrought,
they are merely the preliminaries to
systematic aerial bombardment with
a persistency and on a scale analo-
gous to that waged on German in
dustry Not only will the number of
B-29s increase but also the acquire
ment of Two Jima and probably
other nearby bases will enable me-
dium bombers to operate as we'll,
with long-range fighter protection
in all cases. Industrial Japan
then will be exposed to an ordeal
fully as terrible as that which it's
Axis partner has undergone.
Will the results in the two cases
be similar or different? The logical
deduction would seem to be that
japanese industry will be the more
easily disrupted and that the result
ant effects on Japan's war effort will
be the more profound.
To begin with, Japans industry Is
much more highly concentrated
than Germany's. Virtually all of
Japan's industrial structure is found
in narrow coastal belt fronting
the Pacific side of Southern Honshu
Island on line running less than
300 miles from Tokyo, the capital
and metropolis, to the twin cities of
Osaka and Kobe on the Inland Sea.
Furthermore, industry is not spread
uniformly along this belt; it Is
amassed in the six highly congest-
ed metropolitan areas of Tokyo-Yo-
kohama, Nagoya and the Osaka
Kobe-Kyoto triangle. The Tokyo
Yokohama community totals over
100000 people, the third largest
urban agglomeration on the globe,
while each of the other four urban
centers averages more than 100000
population. Tokyo is the only. Japa-
nese city rebuilt on modern con-
struction lines since the disastrous
earthquake of 1923. In the others,
only factories and industrial plants
are of solid materials. The residen-
tlal quarters are for the most part
f1imsy wood-and-paper that makes
them ideal targets for our new in
cendiary bombs. That should spell
a tremendous housing problem with
in short time after the aerial cam
paign gets we'll under way.
The japanese government appears
to have foreseen the danger and to
have been doing its best to dispepe
industry and population, But it is
doubtful that 1T can be done in ia
pan on anything like the German
scale. Japan is a series of long,
narrow islands, mostly mountainous,
with imperfect rail and road COM
munications. So far as Japan itself
is concerned, therefore, the major
part of its industry must stay put
and take it." A more promising
method of dispersion has been the
transference of plant and skilled
labor to the mainland of Asia, from
. Korea and Manchuria to North Cen
trail China. Yet there, again, logis-
tics sets sharp limits to improvised
success. The omens for Japan's in
dustrial staying power are therefore
not bright. The process of destruc-
ton may take time, but the eventual
outcome seems inevitable
Evening star., 1945-03-14
Bedrock
From the London ssaday pispatch.

SsVAa sSe 6oAuou OSnoAS 0iSnAtcu.
It Is suggested now that British
"touchiness" "a due to war WEAKNESS.
Certainly We have had much to weary
us. But we are sensitive only to the
need for mutual understanding. We do
not accept the role Of pupil to teacher
or OF employe to employer. And hav-
Ing said that, let us get this situation
IN its right perspective. We can both
md things In each other to criticize.
But the link between us is that we are
freedom-loving people. We do not like
to be controlled BY dictators, and we
do not like to think of people being
tortured In concentration camps. The
United States has made tremendous
enorts In this war. 30. too, has Russia
so, too, have We. Britain has need of
her Allies. The United States and
Russia have need, also, Of Britain. That
y the bedrock cf the situation. Let us
I'll keep 1t well Ia mind.
Evening star., 1945-03-14
Mr.. Ickes' Interference

Secretary Ickes is not exactly Gin
terfering" In the affairs of the Dis
trict when he opposes bill to merge
the park police with the Metropoli-
tan Police Department. After all,
under law he is charged with ex-
elusive control, through the Ma
tional Park Service, of some 6,667
acres of park land in Washington as
we'll as the park police patrolllng
these acres. He has legitimate in
terest at stake in anything affecting
the parks or the park police.
Nor is Mr.. Ickes interfering with
local affairs when he vigorously
champions one bridge. instead of
two, across the Potomac River. AS
Secretary of the Interior, he controls
the approaches to the bridges over
park land He has a legitimate in
terest at stake in wanting to be
heard when the use OF that land is
involved.
When Representative Hebert of
Louisiana, sponsoring bill to merge
the park police with the Metropoli-
tan Police, protests Mr.. Ickes' "in-
reference" with local affairs, citing
his own bill and the Potomac bridge
controversy, he is talking about
something else. And his point is
we'll taken
The park lands over which Mr..
1ckes has exclusive jurisdiction are
81 per cent maintained out of local
taxes paid by the people of Wash
ington. without any say-so in how
their money is spent. The United
States Park Police, created purely
as Federal agency back in 1882,
also derives about 81 per cent of it's
maintenance funds within the Dis
trict) from the local taxpayers. And
while one or two bridges built over
the Potomac will be financed. in
part, out OF Federal road appropria-
tions, the major part of the cost
will be paid by the local taxpayers
(whether or not the approaches tres
pass on Mr.. Ickes' parks), and it is
the people of the District, and not
the Department of Interior, who will
suffer II there is a mistake in the
type of bridge facilities erected
The point is that in these contro-
versial matters affecting the people
of the District the decision should
not depend on the amount of inf1u-
ence which Mr. Ickes. as a cabinet
member, may exercise with the Pres
ioent and, through him, his ap-
pointees-the District Commission
ers. The decision should not rest
on what Mr.. 1ckes or his colleagues
In the executive agencies happen to
favor. The decision should rest on
the facts as developed in fair testi-
nony before congressional commit
tees and the application of those
facts to the welfare of the people Of
Washington.
AS for the merits of the park
merger bill, it is entirely logical that
the control of park police should &C
company control of the parks 1t is
entirely illogical, on the other hand,
that the taxpayers of the District
should arbitrarily be charged with
the major expense of maintaining
parks and park police which are
wholly national in character, as in
dicated by the Interior Departments
control. This is a matter to which
Mr.. Hebert could we'll direct his at
tention, for it Is even more impor-
tant than whether there are one or
Evening star., 1945-03-14
The Plight of Older Soldiers

Ihe Flight OF Older Soldiers
To the Editor Of Ths Star:
On March 5 you carried q story by
Judy sarden, an overseas correspondent,
in which she spoke Of the dissatisfac-
ton Of the American soldiers abroad.
because they are utterly in the dark as
to their priority in release after the end
OF the European war. She also brought
out that the British already have an
nounced definite plans for demobiliza-
ton.
Although your correspondent may not
have realized it, she expressed the legiti-
mate complaint of many servicemen's
families on two points: First, that we
have been kept so uninformed and mis-
informed as to what soldiers will be
released, and second, that at no time
has age been considered In establishing
priority.
Now that even the most confirmed
pessin,ist will have to admit that the
end Of the European war Is in sight,
there seems to be no reason Why some
enlightenment on these subjects cannot
be given to these soldiers and their
families. They have a right to ask what
they may expect and also to know why
the older men are not given point credit
for age. when 1t Is obvious that their
age Will be handicap In returning to
civilian life and the business world.
SOLDIERS WIFE,
Evening star., 1945-03-14
The Vanishing Puritan

To the Editor Of The Star:
30 now John Claeett Proctor would
have us believe that Senator Charles
Sumner was benign and kindly rentle-
man who spent his time consoling others
in their misfortunes. visiting hospitals,
etc.
But stenography Is not a modern in
vention and the Confessional Record
shows that Sumner. when feeling most
kindly spent his time in the senats
oelaboring his opponents. One Of his
milder attacks was an assault on Senator
Stephen A. Douglas in which he COM
pared Senator Douglas unfavorably to
JackaSs. And be it said that though
Senator Douglas answered Sumner ade-
quately, Senator Douglas refused to
stoop to the level of Sumner.
II Sumner visited hospitals consolinp
wounded soldiers, nothing less should
have been expected; for it was the
vituperate language of Sumner and his
desire for tariffs at the expense of agri-
culture which contributed to the making
of the war.
AS an annalist and pseudo historian,
Mr.. Proctor sees, things as he wishes
they might be, and it would be far better
Ii ne could forget all the history CD
MADE by the Puritans who, now, are
no longer in the league" Their in
dastrial empire is now owned and con-
trolled by others, the city gangs and
the C1O. The Puritans control hardly
one State in America and certainly no
more than three. ie., Maine, Vermont
and Kansas. If it were not for the poll
tax they would not control Maine. And
they have friends nowhere, not one on
the whole continent of Europe.
GUY q. MOORE.
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-23

Street car conductors and various others test-
fled. but Patterson was the real star His story
could not be shaken by the defenSrThraded= by
the celebrated Col. + T. TaliaferrO.
The defense summoned Jim Halves. brother OF
the accused, who intimated that certain Robert
Thompson, fellow railroad man, had been having
an affair with Emma Hawes. Thompson seemed
to have disappeared but in an effort TO make the
jury believe he might have committed the
murders, the defense tried TO show that he and
Dick Hawes looked very much alike
Taking the stand in his own behalf the de-
fendant asserted that his wife had agreed 10 give
him divorce, and that he had paid her $500 for
her agreement. He said that the girls to be
placed in convent, while his Willie 10
live with his Uncle Jim in Atlanta, Ga.
He admitted taking Mary TO the neiEhborhood
OF East Lake on the afternoon of December 2, but
insisted that she had returned with him. Later,
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-23

across the street.
tiawcS w a $ in
diCted for murder
in April, 1899, and
y alters on and
Fannie Bry a n [
were named as aC-
ccSS0ries. HaWes
went on trial late
that month before
Ju q ge +. s.
Greene. Dressed
very neatly, as al
ways, he seemed
in a most cheer
ful frame OF mind,
exchanging mcr-
ry Quips with rail
roa q friends a [
every opportunity
he could fin d.
But his optimism
did Het last.