davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-07-17
Britain Gives France Data
On Pefain Negotiations
BY the Associated Press.

LONDON, July l7.-Fun details OF
secret negotiations in 1910 between
the British government and a self
described vichy emissary have been
forwarded by the Foreign once to
the De Gaulle government on the
eve of Marshal Petain's trial on
treason charges.
In announcing its action the
Foreign ONCE emphasized that no
agreement ever had been concluded
with Vichy through the medium OF
these negotiations or any other
channel.
Petain, who goes on trial July %,
declared at preliminary examina-
ton before a French high court
commission on June 8 that at the
very moment of his first meeting
with Adolf Hitler at Montoire he
was negotiating for a secret treaty
with Britain which guided his fu-
ture actions. 7 s,a 9
Evening star., 1945-07-17

30-day furlough.
Graduated from Mckinley High
School in 1887, he was employed
by the washington Terminal Co
until his induction into the Marine
Corps in November, 1912. He was
sent overseas in December, 1943,
and had taken part in the Tarawa
and Two Jima campaigns before
returning to this country in April.
His mother, Mrs. Mary Schweit-
zers resides at $40 North Carolina
avenue Sc.
Pfc. Garland L. Irwin, 20, of Sal
boulevard NV, was
wounded on Luzon on June II, his
parents, MIR. and Mrs. Alger Irwin,
Evening star., 1945-07-17
Court Orders Chaplin
10 Resume Support Of
Joan Berry's Child
By the Associs ted Press.

By the Associst ted Press.
LOS ANGELES, July l7.-Charlie
Chaplain, sporting a new mustache.
appeared in court yesterday, and
after stormy verbal duel with
Joan Berry's lawyer was ordered
to resume payments OF SIS a week
for support of her child.
The 55-year-old film comic was
quizzed on the amount of his wealth,
and after parrying with Attorney
Joseph Scott admitted 1t was ap-
promately $4,000, 900.
Last April u a jury declared
Chaplain was the father of Miss
Berry's daughter, Carol Ann. 81
months, and the court ordered the
comedian to pay s75 weekly for
the child's support. Chaplin's coun-
sci argued that pending an appeal
Evening star., 1945-07-17
Liberated
Nehru's Sister Worms
Against NeeIeeting East

BY the Associated Press.
PHILADELPHIA, July 17.-Mrs.
Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, sister of
Jawaharlal Nehru, imprisoned In
dian Nationalist leader, says the
United Nations must not neglect
the problems of the Orient.
The way to peace, prosperity and
progress lies through Asia, Mrs.
Pandit told a luncheon group yes
terday. If the East is neglected too
long. she asserted, that section of
the world viii provide another war
The real voice" of India was
never heard at the World Security
Conference, the speaker stated.
Evening star., 1945-07-17
Summers Sees No Need
To Impeach Judge Johnson
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Chairman Summers of the House
Judiciary Committe said today that
mo practical purpose" would be
served In impeachment of former
Judge Albert w. johnson.
Mr.. Summers told reporter he
was giving his own views, but that
I'VE all know the subcommittee is
composed of men of common sense. .
A Judiciary Subcommittee for
more than a year has been investi-
eating to determine If impeachment
Of the Pennsylvania Middle District
Federal judge is warranted.
Mr.. Summers said that impeach-
ment proceedings are purely custer
actions. Judge johnson resigned
recently and later waived his right
to his $l0,000-a-year full-pay pen
sion.
Evening star., 1945-07-17
Veterans Agency Receives
Priorities on Materials

The Veterans Administration has
been given authority to assign mill
tary priority ratings to all Of its
procurement, including materials for
maintenance, repair and operating
supplies for its establishments.
The War Production Board in
announcing that the agency had
been placed on an equal basis with
the military, said it would permit
the Veterans Administration to
cope more effectively with some
of the tremendous problems that
it faces in aiding the several million
returning veterans"
Until now the administration was
operating with a lower preference
rating, particularly in its hospital
construction program.
Evening star., 1945-07-17
New Labor Disputes
Make $4,000 Idle;
$4,000 End Strikes
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
Fresh labor disputes spoiled an
otherwise promising picture of the
national labor scene today.
Ending of work stoppages in a
dozen industries during the last "a
hours enabled approximately $4,000
men and women to 60 back to their
jobs.
But as the former strikers re-
turned to the IL war factories and
mines, New York stoppages were
reported in five industries, adding
II, ,464 to the idle ranks, and putting
the total at 39,l23. This number,
however; was one of the lowest in
the last several days.
Score of Cities Hit.
The walkouts and strikes were in
more than a score of cities and hit
a varied line Of industries, including
coal mines, newspapers, shipyards,
buslines, telephone company, dis
tilleries and dozen or more war
plants. Many Of the strikes and
walkouts have been In progress for
more than two weeks.
The largest Of the new stoppages
reported was a walkout Of 5000 en-
ployes Of the Pennsylvania Ship
yards in Beaumont, Tex. They quit
work as negotiations continued be-
tween the company and the Metal
Trades Council (AFL) over a con-
tract which expired July 2.
"A labor dispute In San Francisco
which has tied up repair work on
nine ships since last Friday con-
tinued.
Hope for More Meat.
In Springfield, Ill, President
John Marchiando of the Progressive
Mine Workers (AFL) predicted a
spread Of the strike of $500 coal
miners who stayed away from the
pits In protest against the meat
shortage. Director Carter jenkins
of the Springfield OPA district of
81 Illinois counties expressed hope
the War Food Administration would
consent to extra rations to the
miners before August /. Other coal
miners idle included 2,700 in Ken
lucky and $50 in Pennsylvania.
In Toledo, Ohio, CIO workers
Yesterday started picketing the dis
trict OPA headquarters in protest
against the shortages of meat.
Other new spectators reported
during the last "a hours made idle
2,2o0 employees of the Joseph s.
Finch & Co. distilleries at Schen-
ley, Pa. following a wage dispute,
while at Alloy. w. Va, 1000 workers
were of their jobs after a new dis
pute at the Elecro- -Metallurgical Co.
Phone Operators Strike.
In Warren and Newton Falls,
Ohio, ia local and long distance
telephone operators were still away
from their jobs with the Warren
Telephone Co.
Another new stoppage was by $50
employees of the Republic Steel Co. s
wire mill in Chicago in protest over
disciplinary action over an empioye.
Company spokesmen said the stop
page would not Immediately affect
the mills other 3,700 employees.
Detroit's idle because of labor
disputes numbered 4.4o0, including
$500 at the Graham Paige Corp,
500 CIO-UAW employees of the
American Metal Products Corp, TOO
lumber yard workers and 800 work.
ers at the United States Rubber Co.
Evening star., 1945-07-17
On the Roll of Honor

have been informed by the War
Department.
A native Of Washington, Pvt. Ir-
win attended Gordon Junior High
School. He was working at the
War Department at the time he
entered the service on March IA,
1943. Pvt. Irwin went overseas In
September, 1943, and participated
in the Bougainville and Philippine
campaigns among other Pacific
battles. He won the Bronze Star
"for heroism in combat on Luzon'
and also has the Infantry Combat
Badge. He was a Star carrier for
several years during his school days.
Missing
1t. Comdr. Green Clay Goodloe,
81, y. S. ~, listed as missing in ac-
ton against the enemy In the Asiatic
area on June IA, the Navy Depart
ment announced today.
Formerly of 1921 Nineteenth
street NV, where his mother now
lives, Comdr. Goodloe was aboard
a patrol bomber when he was re-
ported missing.
1t. Roy Arthur Fuller, q. S. N. r.
whose wife, Mrs. Jane B. Fuller
lives at 307 East Glendale avenue
Alexandria, is listed by the Navy
Department as missing in action
Liberated 30,
T/Sergt. James III. Wedding, son
OF Harry I. Wedding of Halifax
street, Cabin John, Md, was liber-
ated from German prison camp
according to a War Department
announcement. Sergt. Wedding was
on his 18th mission when he was
taken prisoner.
Evening star., 1945-07-17
II Die After Drinking
Poisonous Alcohol
Es the Associated Press.

b the Associated Press.
HIGH POINT, N. c., July IL
Police reported II Negroes have
died here since Thursday after
drinking a poisonous alcoholic mix
ture. Only two of the Is known
to have been poisoned have re-
covered.
Police Chief John A. Loudermilk
said the concoction probably was
based on denatured alcohol, but
that officers still were uncertain as
to the source.
Evening star., 1945-07-17

Now he will be directly over the
Surplus Property Board, which is a
part Of his ofice.
Mr.. Snyder's nomination was sent
to the Senate soon after Mr.. VinSon
was nominated to succeed Secretary
Of the Treasury Morgenthau.
The Senate also received nomina-
tions of Theron Lamar Caudle,
North Carolina attorney, to fill the
Assistant Attorney General post
vacated by Tom G. Clark when he
was made Attorney General, and OF
Harold William Judson as assistant
solicitor general, succeeding Hugh
B. Cox, whose resignation was an
nounced yesterday. Mr.. Judson ha.
been a special assistant to the
Attorney General.
Snyder Is Quiet Operator.
Mr.. Snyder has been a smaIl-towr
and big-city banker and an oftieia.
of the RFC-from 1910 to 1874 ir
active charge of the Defense Plant
Corp. He is a quiet operator, says
little publicly, works hard, gets along
with people-and has been a pal OF
Harry Truman for Is years.
He and Mr.. Truman went to sum-
rner camps together for 20 years as
reserve officers. There was brigade
with three regiments. The colonels
of the three regiments were: Mr..
Truman, Mr.. Snyder and Harry
Vaughan, who now is the Presi-
dents military aide and briga-
dier general.
Mr.. Snyder, a native Of Jonesboro,
Ark, spent about 10 months in
France during the World War as
an artillery ofhcer.
Returning, he went to work in
his uncle's bank at Forrest City,
Ark. Four years later he became
cashier of bank at Steele, Mo. In
1881 he went back to work for the
controller of the currency and
served as receiver for several closed
Missouri banks.
In 1887 he became manager of
the st. Louis agency of the RFC
and in 1910, executive vice president
of the Defense Plant Corp.
In January, 1914, he resigned to
devote all his time to being vice
president of the First Nationa,
Bank, st. Louis. On the day Presi-
dent Roosevelt died, Mr.. Truman
called Mr.. Snyder to Washington.
Mr.. Snyder married Evlyn Cook
at Forrest City in 1920. Their 19-
year-old daughter, Edith, was grad
uated this year from Bradford
Junior College, Bradford, Mass.
Evening star., 1945-07-17
Todoy's Casualty Lists
Killed

Arthur Irving Diaz, chief pharma-
cist's mate, SO, whose wife, Mrs.
Margaret E. Diaz, resides at 622
South Patrick street, Alexandria,
was killed on October "a, 1914, when
Jap freighter transporting him
from Manila to China was torpedoed
of the coast of China, the Navy
Department announced today.
Chief Diaz served aboard the sub
marine Sea Dragon from 1889 to
194I and was wounded at the Ca
vite Naval Base near Manila In
December, 1941. While a patient at
the Sternberg General Hospital in
Manila he was taken prisoner by
the Japs when they entered on
December 20 and was if1terrled at
Bilibid prison for nearly three years.
He enlisted In the Navy at the
age of II and left for overseas duty
on the Sea Dragon In 1899.
Pfc. Griffin Pettry Lilly, q. S. NJ.
C. R., whose wife, Mrs. Virginia A.
Lilly, resides at 4408 Seventy-second
avenue, Landover Hills, Md. was
killed on Two Jina, the Navy De-
partment announced today A story
appeared In The Star on May 6.
Evening star., 1945-07-17
Wounded

Pfc. George Randolph Schweitzer,
U. S. M. C. R., listed today as
wounded, has recovered from burns
on his arms and legs received on Two
Jifna in February, 1945, from flame
thrower. He is now in Washington
at 512 Second street NV, on
Evening star., 1945-07-17
District Blood Donations

Appointments
yesterday ------ 253 persons
Appointments broken
yesterday ------ 81 persons
Appointments may be made
with the Blood Donor Center in
the Acacia Building, 81 Louisi-
ana avenue NV, by calling
District $500 between 9 am. and
$50 pm. weekdays and Q am.
to noon Saturdays.
Evening star., 1945-07-17
RESORTS
FLEETWOOD
ATLANTIC CITY, N. j.

FLEETWOOD
Have moved TO our new Iocation---153
s. Tennessee Avenue, third hotel from
Boardwalk. Elevator official AA.A. 4
KEY stone Hotel. One Of the cieanest, most
attractive hotels In Atlantic City. Phone
4--3955. J. w. Binder, Mgr.
ATLANTIC CITY, N. J. Hotel Troy, 1910
Pacific Ave. nesr beach. From ge . day.
Running water, also private baths. FREE
ATLANTIC CITY, N. J. KaIlash q LorenxI
Hotel. 1Oa 8. New Jersey Ave- Phone
4-e23s. Double rooms. s2o up per week.
Evening star., 1945-07-17
Circulation, June l945

average net paid)
Evening star., 1945-07-17
BY GEN. MAURICE-GUsTAvE
GAMELIN.

stood how to restore the morale of
troops who had suffered terribly.
He was commander who concerned
himself with the soldier, with his
wen-being and-better still-with
his spirit.
Propounded Defense Theories.
However, the following is an adage
of our military laws: The offensive
alone obtains decisive results. In
battle, you achieve decisive results
only by demanding the maximum
effort from everybody. There is no
great victory without great sacrifices.
Marshal Petain's theories on "the
power of the defensive" profoundly
influenced the army, despite what
my colleagues and did to counter
act them. They appeared to agree
with our French pacifist policies. II
you wish to be informed on this
question, refer to Gen. Chauvineaus
book, which appeared shortly before
the war under the title, "Is Invasion
Possible?" He concluded 1t was not
In any case, If France herself did
not plan to attack, how was she to
aid ler allies? To be peaceful does
not prevent you from remaining
strorg and ready, especially when
you have a dangerous enemy.
Was 1t not Petain who, after 1919,
allowed our whole industrial war
potential to be liquidated, instead OF
carefully preserving 1t and moderniz-
ing it? And as I have said, what
appropriation for armament did we
get before 1895? Was 1t not he, who
in 1927. agreed to military service
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-11-15
Germans Show Hostility

REPORTS from Germany indi-
cate that the attitude of the
German people toward American
occupation forces has changed to
active dislike and there has been
rapid increase in the number
of attacks on American soldiers.
Officials have taken cognizance
of the existence of various local
organizations in Germany, whose
detectives are to annoy Ameri-
cans, sabotage the efforts of Ger
man officials to work with them
and, when possible, attack Amer
lean soldiers.
The reports say that the per-
sonnet of the hostile groups
comes from the unruly section of
the population, consisting of
young men and women who grew
up under Hitler, and also in
cludes returning prisoners of war
aroused over the increasing fra
termination between German wom-
en- and American soldiers.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-11-15
SHUTS Fears Ruin
In Europe
DRE,ADIFIJT,

A DREADFUL responsibility
rests on all nations to restore
a ruined Europe and to prevent
suffering, disease, starvation and
death on a scale unknown in
times of peace, declares Field
Marshal Jan Christian Smuts,
Premier of South Africa, and one
of the leaders of the first and
second world wars.
Marshal SHUTS thinks that an
international peace conference
should be convened and that the
Conscience of the nations should
be brought to bear on all prob
lens which their leaders find too
hard to solve," but he empha-
sizes that we must not "forget
where the chief responsibility
: lies"
He reminds the world that
conditions have been caused by
the course of Hitler" and that
the German people, who allowed
such a monster to become their
master, bear the second place Of
guilt.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-11-15
Aerial Army Of
Occupation

THE AMERICAN Army of Occu-
patton in Japan is expected to
consist of small, hard-hitting
force, trained in aerial tactics, CEN
tered largely on five principal air
centers.
Military experts believe that the
best way to occupy the Japanese
Islands, with the least possible
men, is to concentrate around a
few centers and provide facilities
for moving anywhere by air. Nat
urally, there would be ample fight
ers and light bombers to support
the troop-carriers.
1t will be several months before
the plan can be completed because
most of the Japanese air strips
were built for light aircraft and
will have to be rebuilt to handle
heavier and faster American
planes. Just how many aircraft
are available in Japan is unknown
but the Far East Air Force has
something like 1000 aircraft, of
which approximately 500 are troop
carriers.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-11-15
u. EZ2 I! % 4 ) 2:S5
Fundamentals Needed
In Postwar Education
Courses Must Be Centered Around Core of
Subjects Stressing Human Relations:
Physical BuiId-up Also important.
By BAUKHAGE
Ne,os Analyst and Commentator.

WNU Service, 1916 Eye Street, NV,
Washington, d. C.
This is the second of two articles
on the ''new reconversiOn," this one
in educatiOn.l
In previous column laid before
you the vital need of reconverting
our educational system if America
is going to meet the challenge of
other ideologies TO the faith in our
democratic institutions. l pointed
out how poorly many of our occupa-
ton forces are testifying to their
democratic convictions in the face
Of the geniality of our former enc
mics.
took you into the office of Com
missioner of Education John Stude-
baker who pointed out to me how
recovering educationally is as inn
portant as reconverting industrially
if we are going to meet the problems
of the day. DR.. Studebaker said that
this could be achieved by making
a solid core of education available
to all. Such a core would be COM
posed of certain basic studies which
educators believe are essential to a
solidarity of democratic thought
The commissioner of education secs
this core as a reinforcement of men,
tai iron in the moral structure of the
nation.
When you talk about making this
core available to all, that is not the
complete picture. Men like Doctor
Studebaker would have this group
of basic studies required of all STU
dents, not just made available to
them. And thereby, say the tradition
alists, hangs threat to the elective
system under which many institu-
tons of learning have been comfort
ably educating students. Under the
system of free choice. College Joe
and College Jane could pick the
courses their hearts desired. If their
hearts desired little extra sleep in
the morning, they could pick classes
that would not require early rising
If extra-curricular activities were
particularly heavy one semester,
they did not have to take economics
which was hard when Turkish archi-
lecture was snap.
Too many students have been COM
ing out of our institutions of learn
ing without basic concept of what
our democracy is all about, say the
educators who are crying for recon-
version. If they don't select the
courses that will give them that con-
cept, they must be required to take
them, these same men say--the flu
ture of our way of life is at stake
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-11-15
Y Oil and Mold

Apostles of government ownership
of business agree sometimes that
private management can do better
with little things. When it comes to
filling prescriptions, mending shoes
or making clothespins, they admit,
private operators may be more eff
ficient. Not so with the big stuff,
they argue; coal, iron, oil, railroads
are different. These just beg for bu-
reaucratic bossing.
or course big industries are more
interesting to politicians because
they employ large numbers of peo-
pie and affect the daily lives of mill
lions more. The fact remains how
ever, that government can and does
make mistakes in the operation of
big industries. Moreover, appropri-
ate encouragement from govern
ment in relatively small enterprises
has been known to result in much
good.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-11-15

anti Christian principles were
poured into the youth until there
was produced a state in which the
controlling element of the population
was fanatically loyal to Naziism.
Democracy and Christian princi-
pies once instilled can psQduce just
as strong loyalty, just as enduring
a faith, but there is a minimum Of
instruction in their true meaning
that must be made available to ev-
eryone-more than that, that should
be required study of everyone who
would be a good citizen. This is
the first way in which the destruc-
tive forces which are working
against democracy can be arrested.
And so Doctor Studebaker pre-
sentS the idea of a core around
which can be built an understand
ing of the whole democratic system;
how its parts can be fitted into one
another and into a world which must
either be closely integrated or ex-
plosively antagonistic.
There is not space here to consid-
er the details of the composition of
this core. Two examples of the type
of studies which Doctor Studebaker
feels are essential, and which must
be taught much more comprehen-
sively and for a longer period than
they are now, was given in the first
article. They are economics and
geography. There must be basic
understandings and skills in the
field Of language By that the COM
missioner means the channels by
which we communicate and are
communicated withdrawing, writ
ing, listening, speaking. Since radio
breakfasts are heard daily by multi
Piled millions, critical listening
should be vital part of the basic
educational program.
Since freedom of expression is an
essential attribute of a democracy,
citizens need to develop critical
thinking in order to evaluate the
powerful influence of communica-
ton and propa ganda constantly
brought to bear on them.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-11-15

ture, the list of fine peltry. is most
versatile. Coats of opossum, mou-
ton, muskrat, raccoon, nutria and
natural leopard have the look college
girls want Beaver is also high in
favor and gray furs are very popu-
lar. The new rage" among the
younger set is daytime coats of
white fur. Street furs stress mink
of every type, which tunes right into
the brown vogue that is sweeping
the country. Mink-dyed muskrat
makes good showing too, while
Persian lamb is a standby with
women who like elegance without
ostentation. Beaver has high fashion
rank this season, and quite little
natural squirrel and seal are on the
list.
The gorgeousness of evening furs
battles description. Rare platinum
mink expresses luxury at its highest.
Blond mink is charming and new
looking. Fine black Persian lamb re-
mains first. choice with women Of
conservative tastes. Lovely white
ermine, too, is scheduled for a busy
social season. AS to the dramatic
coat silhouettes, they radiate a feel
ing of opulence, much as do the mag
nificent furs themselves. in that this
seasons coats are cut in such lavish
lines as shown in the huge graceful
sleeves with their wide and luxuri-
Gus turn-back cuffs. There's grace
and beauty too, in the generously
cut coat itself which often stresses
flare hemline. And as to lengths,
it's the shorter types that major
in the style parade. However, the
full length models are not out of the
picture. A smart model shown is a
full length opossum sports coat.
Released by Western Newspaper Union.
Montgomery County sentinel. [volume] (Rockville, Md.) 1855-1974, 1945-11-15
Premature

THE recent discovery of eleven
ossuaries, or bone receptacles,
in a cave tomb along the Jerusa-
lem Bethlehem highway, led to
exaggerated reports in a number
of newspapers that the inscriptions
alluded to the crucifixion.
Concerning these reports, the De-
partment of Antiquities, in Jerusa-
lem, has issued a warning, saying
it is premature to assume any con-
nection between this tomb and any
known event or person in sacred
history"