davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-09
War Crimes Trials

Demanding that war criminal trials get
under way without further delay, lest they end
in fiasco and the principals in starting the
European conflict go free, the St. Louis Post
Dispatch complains that the most basic qUes-
ton of all is still being discussed; namely, the
definition of aggressive war which Justice Jack
son insists shall be made the basis Of the
general Indictment
The Post-Dispatch says: 1--WE do not even
know if the German General Staff-arch-plotters
of the WARFARE going to be brought before the
bar of JUSTICE, and adds: for more than a
hundred years. since the days of Scharnhorst,
the German General Staff has plotted con-
quest"
We quote further:
''Yet even our own Observation-Disclosures
we regret to say, among them-and such out
standing British military chiefs as Montgomery
are thinking in lenient terms. Some favor exile.
Others say vaguely that the General Staff
should be broken up or destroyed or dispersed.
Only one American general-Jacob L. Devers
has taken completely stern and fortnight
stand. He said, I would shoot those members
of the General Staff who remain
"The lenient attitude of our generals toward
the General Staff probably stems from the
chubby spirit that exists among professional
soldiers But this professional attitude should
not be permitted to prevail.
THE time has come when American pubic
opinion. should make itself felt in the most
positive way* Il *We urge the American people
and American mediums of public opinion 10
make their voices heard, and heard now. we
think they should back, up Justice Jackson
even to the point of conducting war. trials on on
or own if the other powers continue to
haggle."
Since the Post-Dispatch published this edl
|torial. Washington dispatch has revealed that
the Russian delegation to the four-power Wal
Crimes Commission in London refused TO per
NIT the commission to define aggression
Can it be that their action was based on
fear that definition might be gwen whlcf
would be applicable to any previous action O.
the Soviet Union, such as the Finnish invasion!
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-09
Old Stories OF Jewish Brutality Still
Fill War Correspondent IS With Disgust
BY WILLIAM b. KING
Substituting for Kenneth L. Dix


/ BITOLJ, Jugoslavia-(P)-It's an
old story now but every time you
hear it you are filled with pity,
disgust and hatred.
1t is the story of German per-
secutions and brutality. Innumer-
able new scenes from this drama
of horror remain to be disclosed.
The fill story of the Nazi crimes
against the Jews probably never
will be known but new bits con-
stantly come to light.
The following incident is almost
commonplace:
We were sitting in gloomy lit
tie tavern overlooking a narrow
cobbled street and the thin trickle
of a river that flows through this
Southern Macedonian town. A
small, mild looking man slipped
into a chair at the next table. At
ter several moments of uncertain
ty he passed over a note in stilted
but ungrammatical English which
respectfully begged few minu-
ties of our time. We beckoned him
over.
I'm an embarrassed whisper he
said that he was one of a half doz-
en- Jews in Bitolj who had escaped
German deportation.
During a snow storm in the grim
winter of 1912, he said, all the
Jews in Bitolj-4, 600 of them were
rounded up without warning. Their
money and belongings were taken
from them and they were herded
into train for Skoplje.
In Skoplje they were crowded into
a tobacco warehouse with 5000
Jews rounded up in Koplje and
1000 from surrounding villages.
There was a dead kind of y
signation in his tone as he to- -.
how he slid under barbed wire as
the guard was being changed and
fled to the home of an Alban! an
friend. The next day ne walked over
the mountains into Albania, stay
ing two years in Tirana until Nazi
1
pressure forced him to flee again
into the hills and the protection of
partisan forces.
He showed us much-handled snap
shots. They showed a pretty young
woman and two plump, Well-dress-
ed children. They were his wife
and children and he hadn't heard
of them since.
"Rut, Why are you telling us
this?" we asked.
st thought you might know what
had become of the Jews of BltolJ,
the little man said. His voice was
sad but calm. please help me to
find out what become of the Jews
of Bitolj and of my wife and my
son and my daughter
We promised without conviction
to make inquiries. What else can
you say in a case like that?
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-09
Truman At Home

President Trurnan's return to the capital and
his forthcoming radio address concerning the
Big Three conference occupy second place in
the news and the public mind, not because
less importance attaches thereto but because
the atomic bombing of Hiroshima holds the
spotlight. None the less Mr.. Truman's report
on the Potsdam parley Is OF vital concern to
everybody. The communique issued when the
conference adjourned was SO sketchy that the
American people are anxious to learn his in
depreciation of the decisions reached, despite
their present absorption in the Hiroshima
bombing His radio address will be the more
important if, as dispatches hint, he issues an
other demand that Japan surrender or be dev-
astated by these bombs.
Mr.. Truman faces many problems In the
domestic field, members Of the War Investigate
ing Committee which he once headed, nope to
visit him and present their view on one-man
rule Of war mobilization and reconversion and
the advantages of requiring the Army, Navy
WPB, WLB and OPA to pull together. Mr.
Truman has shown such good common sense
in dealing with the agencies that sprang up
like mushrooms in the early days of the war
and is so strongly opposed to overlapping au-
thority it is at least possible that these parti-
cular agencies and even the military and naval
authorities will have to find common ground
tor future activities through centralized control
In the foreign field, Senator Vandenberg will
ask the President to clarity vague statements
in the Potsdam comnunique regarding free
press and free elections in areas under Russian
control. This is probably something President
Truman will be unable to d. The Russians
are absolute rulers in their areas OF occupa-
ton, The chances are that Mr. Truman and
Mr. Attlee were given sugar-coated pills on
these matters by Mr.. Stain and had no alter
native to swallowing them.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-09
State Department Shakeup

Ever since Judge James F. Byrnes became
secretary of State there have been frequent
runors Of State Department personnel shake
up. They stemmed from request by Mr.
Byrnes for a survey Of the structure OF the
department by the Budget Bureau.
The bureaus report presumably is on MT.
Byrnes desk today. From it he can see What
the financial cost of the department is and
form an idea of the cuts in expense that may
be made without handicapping efficiency. Fur
thenore, it may show the new secretary
which men among his aides can be dropped
without serious loss in service.
The names most prominently mentioned for
removal are Secretary Joseph c. Grew,
who will probably retire and be assigned to
diplomatic post, and Assistant Secretaries Mel
son Rockefeller, Archibald MacLelsh and
Julius Holmes, who will be replaced, II the
staff is to be maintained at its present level.
1t is rumored however, that one or more as
sistant secretaryships may be abolished.
WASHINGTON believes that three assistant sec
retaries, william Clayton, James C. Dunn and
Dean Acheson, will be retained. The under
secretaryship seems likely to go to Mr.. Clayton
or Norman F. Armour, ambassador to Spain
Ben Cohen, who was closely associated with
Mr.. Byrnes when he directed the Office O.
War Mobilization, is mentioned in Washington
runors as Mr.. Byrnes' selection for depart
ment counselor.
All or none of these changes may be made
But one thing is certain. II there are TO D.
changes they will be announced IN shor
time as MIR. Byrnes is scheduled to be in Lon
don by September for the initial meeting
the Fiye.Power Council Of Foreign Ministers
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-09
Atomic Bombs And Industry

The extent of the destruction wrought by
the atomic bomb which was dropped on Hiro-
shima from a Superfortress by North Car
DINA bombardier, Major Thomas w. Ferebee
of Mocksville was not known in full when
this was written. But word comes from Gen
eral Carl A. Spaatz' headquarters on Guam
that 60 per cent of the city, including its
five major industrial targets, was completely
wiped out The area is estimated at four and
one-tenth square miles.
While it is probable that Japan will be
wiped out with atomic bombs, unless she sur
renders, as President Humans announce
ment of the Hiroshima attack carried yelled
threat that others would destroy the home
islands, it is well to consider the effect OF con-
troll of the atom and atomic bombings in the
future, It is obvious that there will be great
decentralization of population. People general
w will want to be at distance from thlckly
nonulated centers. And the reason is not hard
to discover.
such bomb as hit Hiroshima would de-
strov anv American industrial or financial
center. so far as military targets are con-
cerned Detrot's automotive industry could be
laid waste: Pittsburgh's great steel plants
Chicagos stock yards, New Yorks Tnanciai
district all could be exterrnlnateo. lens o.
thousands of lives would be snuffed out with
them. AS consequence, both people and
plants undoubtedly will spread over great
rural areas. Concentra tions that have typlheo
American DEVELOPMENT will be done away
with.
Locally, we may expect the population te
scatter out for miles. And because there VIII
apparently be a great shifting OF industries
it is reasonable to think that the Wilmington
area may acquire large number OF small
plants in its back country, provided there Il
united effort to bring them in.
However, the city's industrial resources vii
not be multiplied without definite, fully or
gained and energized campaign to get them
Someone must go after them-someone who
knows where to 80 and how to sell manu-
facturers on the benefits they would have ii
locating in this area.
The need, then, is for an industrial agent
in the employment of whom the City OF VIII
mington and the New Hanover County Board
of Commissioners could combine with advan
tage to the entire district.
An industrial agent has long been needed
The atomic bomb increases the need a hun
dred fold Southeastern North Carolina is not
suited for great industries. 1t could not absorb
Detro:ts automotve industry, for example, or
Pittsburghs steel mills. But there are thou
sands of small manufa curing concerns which
will be seeking new sites. A. competent In
dustrial agent could prevail on a large
number of them to resettle in this area.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-09
BY w. G. ROGERS
SAINTS AND STRANGERS,
by George F. Wilson (Reynal

ny OcOTSC + VAlASOu \1NCyAnA
Hitchcock; $3.75).
Just three and a quarter cen
turtles ago this summer and fall,
the Pilgrims left their homes in
Leyden and, joining other English
men recruited in London, sailed
for this country and landed on
Dec. 81 in Plymouth.
They paid heavy price to
found a colony in the new world.
Unhappily, they have continued to
pay a heavy price; it was their
luck to be interpreted for us by
colorless, moralizing Victorians
who pictured them as insufferably
sanctimonious when in reality they
were lusty Elizabethans who hap
pened also to be stalwart Chris
tians.
If the last you read about the
dauntless band which sailed in the
MayfloWer was in C r m m a r
school, Wilson has a lot of sur
prises for you; and it should be
added that he writes with his heart
in it and sharpens a phrase until
it can draw blood.
The P lgr m S, or Brownists,
originally from Scrooby in Eng
land, fled to Amsterdam. After
some shocking RIGHTEOUSNESS. or
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-09
QUOTATIONS

7 want to stress the fact that the worst part
~ the redeployrnent problem is still ahead IT
is expected that by December 1,5oo, 600 soldlers
will be using trains and that the peak OF mill
tary freight movements will come next year
John w SNYDER. War Mobilization Director.
Generally. men who run their own business
work six full days week-and many OF those
days stretch into nights.-From Department VI
Commerce-pamphlet. 49,
To meet the challenge of world strugsh': =
with unrest bewilderment and heathehls,il -
the task set the Christian Church tooay.-Slo'
! treal Daily Star.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-09
DailyPrayef
FOR COMMANDING orr l.'.,

Thou art our Captain, 0 ~ :, i.
rb nM0b hast s. taught us 10 respect .. ;.
thority. Now that our l.,r 1--WE 1v i
ing ordered in new "s az. ..g..
ficials to whom Thou l na. rs
responsibility, we pray lo -oe.s 3.
sense of loyalty and a2 P ..e III
We thank Thee for all ', d,.e.
OF me brains rains and spiritual ID a''i Vi.
Especially we are sratei@5. . re-, 4
statesmen who h a v e u' +.> Z.
litter Thy will concern H., ia b
to u,'e come ne: may we rally ~. 70 3
Standards they have Sc, y y ros5,'
t fs0" tb up0't to 10 civil officials ~. % r
t ticer rna Of the tn armed forces ..: an j.
all who are called to ezs, NV II
in this emergency. ~ nc .5:. II:
cheerful obedience anu *; .
ton. Theirs is the hard T., r,s:
making max, decisions, ard -, We ...,., :.
not increase it by 4 u h. ,,,:
e criticism. We all want 10 ~. " NJ
soldiers of our Cause. anu orr III.
soldiers of Jesus Cars u; II
mate Leader. So gran. 4ns'
grace of fidelity, We pray
W. T. E.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-09
BY LOUIS p. LOCHNE

BERLIN -tR)- Berlin's famed
.tWo-centuries-old Charlie Hospital
compound of some 10 buildings is
almost a total wreck from bonn
bings and antiaircraft firing.
Eut septagenarian Prof. Ferdi-
nand SaEerbruch, internationally
famed chief of Charities surgical
section and head of Greater Ber-
Inns Health Department, is deter
mined with his colleagues to hold
together what is possible and, by
concentration of a few buildings,
to safeguard continuance of the
time-honored institution.
Sauerbruch, who still performs
many operations daily. told the AS.
sociated Press:
"All institutes of Berlin Univer-
sity's medical faculty have been
damaged and most of them COM
pletely destroyed. For example, the
archaeological and hygenic insti-
tutes as we'll as the clinic for skin
diseases are totally destroyed.
1.-THE big structure known as the
Sauerbruch Clinic has been torn in
two and the Stoeckels women S
clinic mostly burned out.
In peacetime Charlie had 1000
beds. Presently 900 again are
ready. This is possible only because
every reconstructable ward, every
livable nook has been put into use
and holes in walls repaired or
boarded.
Sauerbruch displayed hospital
plans which indicated in colors
the buildings already occupied,
those which might be repaired soon
and which later, and those which
must be torn down. However. so
great is the scarcity of glass. roof
ing and transportation that even the
buildings now occupied pose grave
problems in view of the approach
ing winter.
Even in the halls, rooms and
wards now occupied, the wind
howls through the corridors and
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-09
july Customs Receipts
Show Large Increase

july customs receipts for the
North Carolina district, amounted
to $3.50, O87.13, an increase OF $751;
1850. 70 over the proceeding month.
Martin Rawlyns, acting collector
for the North Carolina customs
district, announced yesterday.
In comparison with customs re-
ceipts of July year ago, last
months showed a gain of $685.
087.13. Rawlyns attributed this
increase to the rist in demand
for tobacco products, and the in
crease in the manufacture of those
products.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-09
LETTER BOX
COME AGAIN GENERAL

COME AGAIN GENERAL
Mr.. R. B. Page,
Wilmington, North Carolina
Dear Nj. Page:
would like to express 10 yO "Ia
through you to the good people cope,
Wilmington my keen appfe caofs
for the honor Wilmington CUM,
rred on the Army Air Forces 9,,
our first Army Air Forces Is t M.
l would also like you ~ ia N /.
that I very much apprecl ..o', NJ, z.
MANY kindnesse-s which YOU 1r5 IN
sonaily showed to me and to u WI II.
Freeman during our stay !"
mington. 10 vor al,
the other kind people OIL ''
'0n' 'l''' Yours sincerely ,r
SAMUEL E. ANDEBSII.%: e.
Major General 49,
Washington, D. c.
August 8, 1945.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-09
RED CROSS Girls
LAND ON OKINAVA
DURING FIGHTING
BY BONNIE WUFv

Ok1NAWA-(PD- Maxine H..
in this faroff land is a small
of Red Cross women-tbs
ARC girls to land on PAN. any,
island while the fighting was vi.
ing. the first to move 50 ,,s
1925 miles, to Japan. wy
The initial three came ssbo..
most under fire of japanese a.
May 8, japanese planes had b XIV
en- through the outer defenss y''A'
the three were being ter- ss
ashore and all landing craft '' ..s
cruising the bay until ths H w.
clear sounded. III
Finally, wet and shiverioo
three-Ilione Schadt of Rf,otr @'
ham, Mich; Dorothy Lyman !,
Easthampton, Mass, and N,1,
Lee Ferguson of Waco. Tex-,r a,!
taken ashore, only to discover H.. ~
through a mix-up they weren't a..
pected so soon and no ovars,.
were available. So they Silent a
a hosp tai tent. III
Despite this inauspicious y...
the ARC women tell Won tboT.,
the lucky ones; that they've bs.'
given an opportunity to really !,
their share and that they're bs,.
on doing it.
So far the only Red Cross wom
en- here are the hospital WORKER,
Club and canteen girls will con,
when living is q bit less prr",
tive.
Zone of our chief jobs, Il.
clared Helen Carroll of New Rcd.
eord, Mass, in charge Of ARR
women attached to the Tent,
Army, lis keeping open channel,
with home. We ask the boy if he,
written home lately and II he
hasn't we let him dictate LEI.
ter, if he's unable to write On,
himself, or if he is worrying be.
cause he hasn't heard from home
we check for him through OF,
Washington home service"
For the convalescentS, handcrst
and hobby shops are set up, Ike
the model one operated by hee
energetic station hospital girls
Jane Howard Smith Of St. Louis,
Mary Frances Badger Of Wi,
mette, Ill. and Katherine KiIls-
of San Francisco. With nothing but
some salvaged japanese lumbc.
some cast-off tools, a handful d
leather and some games, they
have set Up a popular tent 70.
work or relaxation for the walkns
wounded.
Only casualty to the Red Cloa
women pioneers on Okinawa la
been one broken leg. suffered B!
an ARC girl who fell while runnr]
for the bomb shelter during an ali
raid.
The Red Cross girls live VT,
the nurses at the hospital to whlc
they are attached, eat field ration
when fresh food isn't on hand, al.
battle in helmets if showers area
available.
Among the other ARC early al
rivals were Dorothy RoWbottom
Pittsburgh; Dorothy Furrog 3
Sturgis, S. D.; Marjorie A. SmE
of Los Angeles; Ruther M. HAM
of San Diego; Helen Munro
Takoma Park, Md; Martha Pa''
of San Francisco; Reba V. Franc
of Washington, D. c.; ESns
Schumacher of WoodsfieId, ono
Helen Rodabaugh OF New York
Y; E. Virginia Hook Of WaA'
Creek, Calf; Virginia Biefly
Eaton, Ohio; Ortha Men
Nichols, Ia, and Maxine Haml'
of Wichita, Kas.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-09
ASKS WITHDRAWAL

RALEIGH. Aug, s.-tFN-Agricul.
ture Commissioner w Kerr Scott
today asked the Office Of Price
Administration to withdraw Its
ceiling OF s.. As per hundred pounds
Of North Carolina Irish potatoes
on the grounds that the ceiling was
not announced Is days In advance
OF planting,
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-09
Fair Enough

Editors note.-The Star and the News
accept no responsibility for the personal
views of Mr.. Pegler, and often disagree
with them as much as many of his read
ers His articles serve the good purpose
of making people think.)
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-09

Earliest writings about soybeans
60 back to the time the pyramids
Of Egypt were being built.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-09
We Wonder

The managing editor wants to know II the
s,nerfort pilot remembered to write on the
esane 1T the take-oH: up ana a'oll': A.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-09

Most nuts contain large amounts
|of fat
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-23
Tom Scott From Kentucky

Tom is from Kentucky, La Grange and Lexing-
ton, and he just sort of absorbed the hill ballads
from the time he could remember anything In 1912
a summer vacation put the folk singing idea in his
head and he took some guitar lessons and brushed
up his memory He got job at the fancy Rainbow
Room in Rockefeller Center just before it closed
for the duration and the critics were kind enough
20 convince him that he had found the right medium.
Tom who is bass baritone, gave up formal
singing studies in 1941 because he was fed up. He's
felt better ever since.
If you want to get good idea of what the
conner to New York faces here are some of the
things Tom did in the years before he began to eat
regularly as a Waring empoye:
Worked in restaurants; butler in a Con-
nectcut home (he'd seen how the movie buffers
worked until the party night when the cocktail
sippings he'd taken for testing purposes overcame
him as he was carrying tray of filled coffee cups
down stairway; helped build the MERIT Parkway
a laborer; had bit parts in several Broadway
musicals, none of which than six weeks
worked as singing waiter at a Hofbrau where the
essentials were a strong and strong voice.
He wishes he'd thought about the folk songs years
ago
Anyway, the change in his life is working out
a. scheduled He's able to pay his bills and have
time for creative work as is evidenced by the fact
that he's Just completed a symphony.
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-23
New Year Prices Same as 1914

From the preliminary estimates it appears
that night club and theater ticket prices for New
Years Eve are going to be the last year.
The top club price for evenings rejoicing EAR
Is $15 per person. liquor not included. couple of
the musical shows going to ask $3.50 for
orchestra seats.
All legitimate attractions give special extra
matinees during Christmas and New Years weeks
but the only one that goes all out every year is the
ice show at the Center Theater. This year "Hats
of to Ice" will give % performances starting Dec.
23 and ending Jan. 5. There will be daily matinees
from Christmas through New Years Day This
show, incidentally, plays its Tooth performance at
tomorrow's matinee.
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-23
Mothers
Use Judo

HOLLYWOOD. Dec. p INS)-
Cliff Frccland, International
judo champion, claimed today
that women can have babies
and -stiil-retaih their syiPh-lil<e
figures if they use judo.
"The trouble which most
women suffer from after having
babies can be corrected through
judo abdominal exercises" nc
explained. "America's outstand-
ing authority instructor on
judo, Freeland cured many
wounded servicemen suffering
from semi-paralysis, contusiOns
and cercbral-spaSms,"
The New Jersey-bOrn expert
also stated that judo posture
exercises can reduce six inches
off any ones waistline-aIl i'm
three weeks, without depriving
yourself of food or candy.
However, the secrets of this
ancient art viii not be avail
able to the public until he re-
turns from a six-month USO
tour Of the Pacific.
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-23
EoA Song,
Go.ving Mig
By Jack Gaver
Girl Successful in Invasion
Of Male BaIIaders BaiIiwick
NEW YORK, Dec. p.

NEW YORK, Dec. p.
yTNHIS singing of folk-songs really is getting to be
Il big business The people going for them
all the way from night clubs to concert stages.
The successful invasion of this field by 1S-year-
old Susan Reed, an attraction at Cafe Society
uptown, brought the first feminine influence to the
business, which is dominated by such males Tom
Scott, Bur Ives Josh White and Richard Dyer
Bennett.
AS BELTS their calling, all of these have unusual
backgrounds and Scott, although he hasn't been at it
professionally as long a couple of the others is
exception
AS matter of fact, Scott in the big radio
commercial end Of the music game before he got
himself guitar and a show. He worked for
several years as arranger and singer with Fred
Waring Astill does some arranging for Fred-but
wanted to get into something where he could make
a decent living and still have time of his own for
compost fion. Five Waring programs a week didn't
give hra much time of his