davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25
Nazi Defense Attorneys Intend
To Call fCliueden Set Members
MAY BE BLOCKED
----
Lawyers For Accused Nazi
Leaders Disclose Plans
AT Conference
BY DANIEL De LUCE

NUREMBERG, Germany. Nov.
24-(R-Defense attorneys said to-
day they would call titled members
Of the ''Civeden Set and other
prominent Britons as witnesses in
the historic war crimes trial, but
it appeared they would be blocked
by legal restrictions.
The lawyers for the accused Nazi
leaders disclosed their plans at a
press conference. It was learned
authoritatively later that restric-
tons on bringing in foreigners as
defense witnesses before the inter-
national military tribunal are so
multifold that ''big names" are al
most excluded at the outset.
Three Plan Witnesses
The defendants who planned to
call British witnesses were former
Foreign Minister Joachim Won
Ribbentrop, Field Marshal Will
helm Keitel and former Deputy
Fuehrer Rudolph Hess.
Won Ribbentrop's attorney said
the one-time German ambassador
to London would call Lady Aston
and others who used to meet in the
1905 at the Cliveden estate of Lord
and Lady Astor, including Lords
Beaverbrook, Londonderry and
Derby.
Keiters attorney announced that
his client would call Giles Rom
mily, a nephew of Winston Church
i'll who was captured by the Ger
mans at Narvik, Norway, in 1910,
and Capt. Michael Alexander, a
cousin of Field Marshal Sir Harold
Alexander, also prisoner of war.
Hess attorney indicated he would
call the Duke of Hamilton. on
whose estate the former No, 3 Nazi
landed when he parachuted upon
Scotland in 1941, and the British
physician who first examined Hess
after he. landed. a
Procedure
Is The procedure for bringing in
foreign witnesses, an authoritative
source said, entails written re-
quest by the defense which stipu-
lates.. clearly what evidence the
witness is expected to give, APP
prevail of the request by Allied
prosecutors and then approval by
the tribunal.
Afterwards the tribunal must
make a request to the government
of the country where the witness
is a resident. The government may
either approve or deny the re-
quest. In Britain the cabinet has
full power. for example, to rule
that any witness shall not appear
(Continued on Page Two; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25
NIMITZ TRANSFERS
FLEET COMMAND
Cincopac Turns Worlds
Mightiest Fleet Over To
Admiral Spruance

PEARL HARBOR, Nov. "A. -(P
Abroad the submarine Men
baden in these confined waters
where the Japanese struck four
years ago Adm. Chester w. Nj
mitz transferred command of the
U. S. Pacific fleet today to Adm.
Raymond A. Spruance.
Nimitz, the gray, grave Texan
who took over the battered, Grip
pied fleet not quite four years ago
and saw it grow under his con-
troll into the worlds powerful sea
force, will become chief of naval
operations.
A veteran submariner, Nimitz
chose to make the transfer of
command aboard a submarine in
the calm, sunlit blue waters which
on Dec. 7, 194l, were churned by
enemy bombs and Uttered with the
wreckage of American warships
It was a quietly dramatic TO-
minute ceremony. Nimitz read his
orders, spoke briefly in high
praise Of the men who had fought
under him to victory, and handed
over the flee to Spraunce, who be-
gan the war as commander OF
Cruiser Division and rose to
command of all Allied naval forces
in Japanese waters.
Witnesses were high Army and
Navy officers, the white-uniform-
ed crew of the Menhaden, and
curious sailors ashore who lined
the roof-tops and hung from win
dows of nearby buildings.
Tribute To Navy
To-day" said Nimitz, ct take
leave of the Pacific fleet and turn
over my command to Admiral
Spruance, who has contributed
50 much to make this fleet the
greatest: fighting force in the his
tory of naval warfare.
'In hauling down by flag as
Commander-in-Chief of the Pa
cific fleet, it seems to me appro-
pirate that 1 do this aboard SUBJ
marine at Pearl Harbor and that
it is Spruance who is relieving me.
81 was in the submarine Gray
ling that my flag was hoisted when
CONTINUED OH Page Two; Col. -
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25
Welles Ayers
Fleet Slowed
ESz6:Advances
les Presence In Ha.
all Was Brake On Ag-
I qression In l940-41
SUPPORTS HULL
Pearl Harbor Probers Also
Learn Of Two Churchill
Suggestions

WASHINGTON, Nov. "a - R -
Sumner Welles, former Undersec-
rotary of State, expressed convic-
ton today that keeping the Ameri-
can fleet in Hawaii during l940-4l
acted as brake on Japanese ag-
erosion.
IF the fleet had been Withdrawn
from Hawaii the Japanese war
lords would unquestionably have
interpreted it as acquiesence In
their policy of aggression" he
testified to the Congressional COM
mittee investigating the attack on
Pearl Harbor. t
In clipped tones, the tall, balding
former diplomat also gave I'M
qualified endorsement to the state
ment presented to the committee
by former Secretary Of State Hull.
II agree completely" he said.
In that statement, Hull had said
that he and President Roosevelt
did everything they could, short
Of surrendering principles, to avert
or delay a conflict with Japan.
Churchill Suggestions
In the unfolding Of the diplomatic
story Of the events preceding the
attack, the committee also learned
that Prime Minister Churchill OF
Britain twice took the initiative In
suggesting moves by this country.
The first was at the Atlantic
Charter meeting, held in August,
1941, aboard the U. S. Cruiser
Augusta off the New Foundland
coast.
There, Churchill proposed that
the United States and Britain each
issue a warning to Japan against
+ urth her aggression. President
Roosevelt agreed and personally
gave the warning to the Japanese
Ambassador on Aug. II.
Mr.. Roosevelt elected, however,
to use somewhat milder language
than his British friend had origin
ally proposed.
Again, on Nov. 80, 1941, Churchill
suggested in message that the
President tell the japanese 'that
amy further Japanese aggression
would compel you to place the
gravest issues before Congress or
words to that effect"
No Action Taken
No action in line with that sug.
gestion was taken. so far as the
record shows. Welles said he knew
Of no communication sent the Jap
anese between Nov. 80 and Dec. 7,
1941, except the Presidents mes
sage of Dec. 6 to Emperor Hirohito
urging that peace be maintained.
The British also raised questions
about the effect on China of a pro-
Continued on Page Two; Col. y
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25
SURROUND CITY
Continue Uncontested
Drive 100 Miles Deep
Into Manchuria

CHUNGKING, Nov. "a. - R -
Chinese Nationalist troops reported.
ly seized Chinhsien's railway sta.
ton today and. surrounded that
city 20 miles from Mukden in ar
uncontested drive 100 miles deer
into Manchuria.
Although the Chinese Conamun.
lists had predicted the "fi1st big
battle for Manchuria" would be
fought at Chinhsien-a strategic
city grit by hills-the Chungking
World Daily News asserted the
Nationalist army threw its lines
about the city against only "unor-
ganized resistance"
wholly unconfirmed reports cir
culated in Chungking, meanwhile,
that Chungking and Moscow had
reached an agreement under which
Russia would delay her withdrawal
from Manchuria, previously set for
completion Dec. 3.
Want Russians To Stay
These reports said Chungking
was unwilling to see Chinese Com
munists filling up the vacuum left
by the Russian withdrawal and for
that reason wanted the Russians to
stay on temporarily.
1t. also was reported without sub
sanitation that Chungking had
asked Moscow to guarantee the
safe Nationalist reoccupation OF
Mukden and Changchun and to dis
arm armed bands" Communists
J ut Moscow has yet to reply.
The only support for these rumors
was an insistent Chinese press re-
port that Chungking's representa-
tivess who fled last week from
Changchun, the Manchurian capt.
tai, were. preparing to return on
Russian invitation.
Communist reports declared that
their Chinese forces were pouring
into the industrial city of Mukden.
I Continued on Page Twelve; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25
UNION BIDS TO REOPEN PAY
TALKS WITH GIN OFFICIALS:
BIG PHONE STRIKE A KER7ED
Mosher Offers Plans
ToEaseLaborUnrest

WASHINGTON, Nov. "a. -
R-Ira Mosher, president of
the National Association of
Manufacturers, said today
labor delegates must change
position on fundamental issues
if the labor-management con-
ference is to achieve major
results.
MOsher, m a n a cement
delegate at the three-week old
gathering called by President
Truman, said that unless the
labor spokesman change their
viewpoint 9TH ere. is little
hope'' that the conference
lean do more than deal with
some of the less important
causes of labor unrest"
With sessions to be resum-
ed Monday after a Thanks
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25
IRAN, RUSSIA MAY.
DISCUSS DISORDERS.
Moscow Reports Special
Delegation Is Scheduled
To Arrive Soon

MOSCOW, Nov. 24-P)-A dele
cation from Iran is expected ia
arrive in Moscow soon to discuss
the situation in Northern Iran
where disorders have occurred 1e-
Gently, an Iranian embassy official
said today. 49,.
GA Tehran dispatch quoted Off
cial Iranian sources as saying the
Iranian government had not been
able to arrange discussions with
the Russians regarding the dis
orders or the refusal of Soviet IL
thorities to permit Iranian rein
forcements to enter Soviet-gar-
risoned Azerbaijan province.
(The Russians have not replied
to single Iranian letter of COM
plant addressed to the Soviet en-
bassy, these sources said)
Political observers in Moscow
interpreted the developments in
Northern Iran as the first step by
the population in gaining local au-
tonomy within the framework of
the Iranian government.
A Tass dispatch said recent
meetings of the Tudeh peoples
masses) party in Northern Iran
show that the aims of the demo
cratic party and the Tudeh meet
ings pursue no other objective than
the fulfillment of the constitutional
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25
Nationalist Capture
Station In Chir1hsien
Chinese Reds Control
- Ckangchun Newspapers

PEIPING, Nov. 23.-(Delay-
ed)- R The Chinese Com
munlst Eight Route army was
reported today to be in con-
troll of most of the newspapers
and the radio station in Chang
chun, capital Of Manchuria.
The Peiping newspaper, So
cial welfare, said China Com
munist troops were running
six Of the seven newspapers
in the city, although the Rus
slams still occupy the capital
and recently brought in 10000
more soldiers to maintain Or
der.
Other reports from Man
churia, all unconfirmed here,
said Changehun was not open
ly in Communist hands but
both the mayor and the chair
man of the board Of public
safety favored the eighth
Route army.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25
Continued on Page Twelve; Col. 81
Big Demo bilization Job
Nearing HALF Way Mark

WASHINGTON, Nov. "a. Up
The job of demobilizing Americas
huge second World War Army of
100000 is expected to be half
way complete by mid-December,
soon after another drop in dis
charge points becomes effective.
Effective Dec. 1, changes in the
point system will make an addi-
tional $4,000 men and women eli
gible to return to civilian life.
The latest war department fig
ures show that from May IL
through Nov. 16 a total of lila, 900
had been released. About $4,000
are being discharged every week.
On the basis of the present dis
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25

and Ruia colleges walked out OF
their classes and attempted to
stage demonstration without
permit. Police blocked the street
and charged the demonstrators
with canes. They later opened fire
after the students showered them
with bricks and stones.
Three police inspectors, three
policemen and 20 students were in
jured by flying missiles. No one
was reported hit by gunflre.
The name of the dead American
soldier was withheld pending Motif
ication Of next of kin. He was re-
ported to have left Camp Howrah
Continued on Page Twelve; Col. g.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25
OWNER
TURNS in BIRDS
Two Pair Of Pets Purchas-
ed Here Still Not Located
By Health Officer

Two of the six parakeets sus-
pected. of having psittacosis, the
dread parrot fever, were taken
to the consolidated offices Friday
afternoon ty Mrs. E. Hill of Winter
Park, following publication Of a
warning to persons purchasing the
birds from the Mcclellan store.
In making the announc ement yes
terday, DR.. Elliot, city-county
health officer, repeated his warm
ing to owners of the other two pair,
urging that the birds be turned in
to his office or at McLellan's. .
DR.. Elliot said that Mrs Hill
reported that there was no illness
had yet occurred in her family
but disclosed that 10 day waiting
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25
ILLINOIS WORKERS
END THEIR STRIKE
Outside Service With Chi.
cago, lis Other Com
munities Restored

CHICAGO, Nov. (AP)
The six--day strike of $500
Illinois telephone operators
ended tonight, averting a pos
sible nationwide walkout OF
100000 telephone workers
and restoring outside service
with Chicago and 115 other
Illinois communities and Lake
and Porter Counties in 1ndi-
ana. 49,
Announcement of the settlement
was made by U. S.. Conciliator W.
G.. Murray following conference
with officials of the Illinois Bell
Telephone company and represen-
tatives of the Illinois Telephone
Traffic Union 1ND).
Service Restored
Service was restored at 6:10 p.
m. central standard time, Murray
said.
Murray said the union and COM
pany agreed to accept WLB
telephone commission recommen-
dation of a 81 weekly wage in
crease, retroactive to last May 9.
In addition, he said, the COM
pany agreed to open negotiations
las soon as the union desires for
new wage scales, and to grant an
additional non-retroactive wage
boost of 81 weekly, effective mot
later than Feb. Il 1885,"
The conciliatos's report stated
the union agreed to end the strike
Immediately, dismiss picket lines,
direct workers to return and pre-
vent disciplinary action against
any union member who may have
crossed picket ines.'
Murray's statement said the COM
pany agreed to take no punitive
or prejudicial action against any
employe who refused to work dur
ing the walkout."
At issue in the dispute was 50
difference between a War Labor
Board recommendation and the
union demands. The WLB tele-
CONTINUED on Page Two; Col. s.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25
BOND SALES LAG
IN NEW HANOVER
Sale Of "E" Bonds Only
Is Per Cent Of The
County's Quota

New Hanover county Is tagging
far behind schedule in the current
Victory Loan campaign, officials Of
the drive disclosed yesterday, at
the same time issuing an appeal
for more public interest in this, the
last bond drive of World War II.
Figures for the sale to and in
Guiding Nov. 81 show "E" bond
ss]es have reached a total of $685.
943.75 or Is percent of the total
quota, while overall sales total ST.
636,39325 or 40 percent of the
county's quota.
In conjunction with the sale,
which ends Dec. 8, Clinton P. An
derSon, secretary of agriculture,
issued the following statement in
Washington yesterday:
"a nations war problems are
rot ended when the shooting stops
any more than the problems on a
flooded farm are ended when the
flood waters recede. The end of
the crisis in both cases means only
that the time for cleaning up and
rebuilding is at hand.
1T will take money to put our
Nar-torn world to rights-to give
wounded veterans needed medical
care, to bring soldiers back home
and get them started on lives as
clVlllanS again, to provide care for
children whose fathers paid for our
victory with their lives.
Remember, there's still a big
Joo ahead Let's pay for it with
victory bonds"
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25

giving recess, Mosher in a
statement recommended that
the conference renew efforts
to reach quick agreements on
these five points:
l. The strengthening and i'm
provement of collective bar
gaining practices.
2. Reducing the number of
disputes resulting from "at-
tempted invasions of the legiti-
mate functions Of manage
ment."
3. E n ding jurisdictional
strikes.
4. Providing for voluntary
arbitration In disputes over in
depreciation of agreements.
S. Providing for impartial
fact-finding ''when disputes
Continued on Page Twelve; Col.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25
.l75,ooo MEN IDLE
IN AUTO WALK0UT
Anticipated Cancellation
Invitation Offers Hope
OF Ending Strike
Bv ALLEN V. BOWLING

by ALLLN v. DOVV AAA>U
DETROIT, Nov. 24.-UP)
- A surprise bid to reopen
negotiations with the
General Motors
was made tonight
by the CLIO Automobile Work.
ers union in an effort to avert
continuing idleness for 175,-
900 participants in the four
day shutdown.
Walter P. Reuther, vice president
of the powerful United Automobile
Workers union (CIO), said he
would ask the corporation on
Monday to resume negotiations
Immediately over the dispute 30
per cent wage boost demands.
The new union move and an an
ticipated Cancellation invitation
from Secretary of Labor Lewis B.
Schwellenbach offered the only inn
mediate hopes for avoiding a pro-
longed strike and its consequent
harsh economic impact for work.
ers and the company.
Invitations indicated
Schwellenbach's office indicated
invitations for a conference with
conciliators in Washington would
be issued to both parties, with the
meeting probably to be held some
time after next Wednesday.
50 Meantime. the VIVA fastened
nominal picket lines at 50 GIN
plants across the country for week.
end patrols. No disturbances had
occurred since the union members
struck at II a. m. (EST> last We'd
nesday.
The TWAS top six officers will
meet in strike strategy session
at which time some decision may
be made on calling out We rkers in
tool and die companies supplying
parts to General Motors.
Reiterating the unions basic de.
mand of So hours pay for 40 hours
of work to maintain wartime take
home wage levels, Reuther assert
ed that the fight had rallied labor
solidarity as never before in AM
erican history"
He also denounced General Mo.
tors for rejection of a union pro-
posal to arbitrate the wage issue
and said "it thinks it is a sovereign
state within the nation, free of re-
sponsibilities Ito the welfare of the
country"
Blame VIVA
The corporation, in a singing re-
lection of the arbitration proposal
blamed the VIVA for full response
bility in calling the summary
strike" without awaiting a GIN re-
ply which it knew was being pre-
pared.
H. w. Anderson, corporation vice
pres. dent, spurned the unions de-
mand for examination of company
records-part of the arbitration
proposals. an effort by outsiders
to usurp the rights of management.
Anderson then charged that the
union had been planning the strike
for many months and had no in
tention of awaiting GINS reply to
the proposal. So in rejecting the
three-man arbitration program sug-
gested by the union, Anderson also
withdrew the corporations offer
to boost wages 10 per cent.
That offer, turned down by the
JAW, would have granted 10 per
cent wage gains Immediately and
left open an avenue for further
grants on the basis of final
calculations" of living cost advan.
ces since 1871.
From other sources in the Auto
mobile industry came warnings
that production curtailmentsthrou-
ghout the car-making business were
threatened by the strike.
Reuther said officials of AFL
Continued on Page Two; Col. u
- - -
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25

charge rate and the accelerated
rate in December, at least half OF
the Army should be out of uniform
by Dec. II or seven months after
victory in Europe.
On Dec. l the discharge score
for all male officers, except those
in the medical department, will
drop from rs to 70. Officers also
can be released if they have four
years and three months of honor
able service. Likewise they can
leave the Army if they have reach
ed the age of fifty years.
The present discharge score for
Continued on Page Twelve; Col. L
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25
Macarthur Orders Heavy
Tax On Jap Profiteers

TOKYO, Sunday, Nov. 25.-WD-
Gen Douglas Macarthur today
demonstrated visibly to Japan that
war does not pay' by. ordering
the government to enact a 100, 000,-
900 yen CSC, 1866, 600, 000) tax pro-
gram affecting every corporation
and individual in Japan who profit
ed from the war.
Additionally, japanese leaders
were told to prepare similar tax
steeply graduated to 100 per cent
against all other corporations and
individuals in Japan and capital
levy with graduated rates as high
as 70 per cent.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25
lWenty- Six Hurt In Ne1u
Disturbance In Calcutta

IN IA1L.CUTIA, India. Nov ID
jured ~ t'i = persons were IN
orrbTos d. bombay today in a new
has 49, IA ol noting which already
in 1d pd5oouced scores of casualties
soldia ula, including one AMERICAN
Tbe ana 26 injured in Calcutta.
demons aeath toll for three days at
merha demonstrations against the trial of
Arnv 80 o1 the Indian National
81 WAS aS war criminals mounted to
NJ NV, When American al,tb ,llUl.eu ~ ~
missina ,l'st the charred body OF
near tbn soldier had been found
bulanc,.oe :; W[eckage of a burned am
broke o, new ", clashes in Bombay
00' When students of Khalsa
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25

The program is to be designed,
the directive stated, to prove to
the Japanese that war does not
pay" /
Not only the period following
Pearl Harbor is to be included in
the drastic tax plan, according to
the firective, but also the pre-
ceeding period of Japanese agrees
sion."
Aside from forbidding the gov
eminent from issuing bonds, ex-
tending credit, granting subsifies,
tax exemptions or any similar
Continued on Page Two; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25
NATIONAL PURCHASES

WASHINGTON. Nov. 24-R =
III !, y Luz so far have purchased
ssaa'sl6'OOO,OOO in victory bonds. or
NV per cent of the $4,000, 900, 900
y "a for Individual purchasers,
'ne treasury said today.
led R. Gamble, national direc-
S sUr VI me treasury's war financing
VI Isl reported that 10000, 900
VI VI me total sales to individuals is
III III L ponds, the total E nond pur-
'nase goal is 100000
ohly 40 per cent of the income
earnings earnings public, Gamble said in a
,S,t;atlement, however, has purchased
victory bonds.
r,. inns shows good progress on the
t paIY OF our volunteer workers
nn ,a,,a the nation,' he com
Ln emsea, but, as those volunteers
A tho the remaining 60 per cen, of
r rng income earners of the country
l = b 9uy bonds if the $1,000 600 O8
= oohd objective is TO be reached -
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25

(By U. S. Weather Bureau)
Meteorological date for "a hours end
ing at 1880 pm. yesterday.
Temperature
1870 am, SO; 80 am. 90; 1880 pm. 43;
80 pm.
Maximum 43: Minimum %; Mean So;
Normal 81.
Humidity
1870 am. SIS; 7:30 am. 60; ! 80 pm. 81.
7:30 pm.
PRECIPITATION
Total for "a hours ending at 1880 pm.
none.
Total since the first of the month, g.
IS inches.
Tides For Today
(From the Tide Tables published by
U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey
High Low
Wilmington 2:O7 am. sos a m.
2:35 PM 9:51 pm.
Masonboro Inlet 1907 am. $3.50 am
2:29 pm. 6:48 pm.
Sunrise 6:54 am; Sunset 5:04 PM;
Moonrise 1920 pm; Moonset :32 pm
Cape Fear river stage at Fayetteville
at m. Saturday, Nov. Is, 1o9 feet.
Continued on Page Two; Col. A
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25
WEATHER

FORECAST
North Carolina: Fair weather, warm
er in the south. Little chance in tenn
perature in northern portion Sunday.
Monday partly cloudy and cooler.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-25

Continued on Page Twelve; Col. y
Kodiak mirror., 1945-10-06

picture of it's potential drawing power.
 For on a recent Sunday one of our local citizens tried to go to church but didn't make it.
 The citizen was Harry Kel- Ter, manager of Kraft's mems de- partment. He hastened up the hill that eventful Sunday but was still bit late, and when re went to open quietly the main doors they refused to give. He tried again and it finally dawned on him that the door was locked!
 He went around to another door, but discovered that if he used that one he would come out before the congregation some where in the neighborhood of the choir. Not desiring to make such a grandlose late entrance, MT. Keller gave it up as a bad job and left.
 Discussing it later with Rev. Gregory Morony, of the church, he learned that the lock op the door had on other occasions op- -erated by itself.
 We suggest that MT. Keller be welcomed back to the fold with Hymn number 116-"Open the Gates to the Temple.