davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
Surrender Signed
Aboard Missouri
(Continued from Page one)

pe headquarters issued their first instructions to the Japanese
people and armed forces at the order of Macarthur
master of Japan.
Hroho he had ordered his government and headquar
TO sign the surrender and obey MacArhur orders He
ordered he added that the Japanese people themselves
hosties forthwith and the provisions both
of the surrender instrument and the instructions Of imperial
headquarters.
These instructions contained in Japanese General Order
No l, issued at MacArthurs direction.
Giving orders principal japanese commanders to
der It disclosed for the first the definition of Pacific
island surrender
Adm Nmz will take the surrender in all Japanese man
dated islands the Ryukyus the Bonns "and other Pacific
islands"
Great Britain and Australia take the surrender in the Bis
and Solomon islands all territories the west nclud
ing the Netherlands East Indies.
Other had been made known prevousy-Chna For
and ndoChina north of 18th degree of latitude China
anchua Korea north of 3S degrees of latitude and Japan
half of Sakhan Island Russia Korea south of 38 degrees
to the United States.
Under this order all Japanese equipment shipping
under MacArhurs control along
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02

pERHAPS preparedness was TOO
L constitutional to please President
Roosevelt.
Perhaps it belonged to the "horse
and buggy days. of Washington and
Jackson and Lincoln and Mckinley.
However that may be, President
Roosevelt was NOT "vilLfed," as
President Truman now says, for
warning of the necessity for pre-
paredness - because he did NOT
warn, and apparently did not have
the foresight to see the NECESSITY
for preparedness.
If he did see it, was it not almost
reasonable of him to permit the
United States to ship to Japan the
basic material for war AGAINST
THE UNITED STATES?
President Truman is bad Judge
of the intelligence of the American
people, if he thinks the Democratic
party's responsibility for American
unpreparedness and for the Pearl!
Harbor disaster can-by mere asser-'
tion and repetition -- be imposed
upon the shoulders Of the loyal and
long suffering American people
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
Mccarthy Sworn In

WASHINGTON. Sept l rUP)
Col Frank Mccarthy Rich
mond, Va. took oath Of office
today rs assistant secretary Of
state 10 succeed julius G.. Holmes.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02


L ing the blame for the Pearl Har.
Dor disaster upon "the policy which
the country itself pursued other
words, upon the American people
rather than upon the derelictions of
military or civil authorities-was
talking politics rather than facts
strictly DEMOCRATIC PARTY
politics.
The Democratic party record, par
ticularly over the prewar years when
the stage for the Pearl Harbor dis
aster was being set, surely NEEDS
a defender.
But Mr.. Truman should remem-
ber that he is the President of the
United States, and not just a Demo
cratic party politician.
The Pearl Harbor disaster was
DEMOCRATIC PARTY disaster,
ROOSEVELT disaster.
The Democratic party was in
power IN ALL BRANCHES OF
GOVERNMENT for 10 years
BEFORE Pearl Harbor, and did
nothing whatever in the way of pre-
paredness for the clearly impending
war with Japan.
DRESIDENT ROOSEVELT, the
Democratic president to whom
the Democratic Congress was en-
tirely subservient, would not and
DID NOT recommend fortifying the
Philippines until it was too late to do
it effectively-in fact, too late to do
it at all.
Mr.. Roosevelt apparently failed
fully to recognize the menace of
Japan until few days before Pearl
Harbor.
If he did recognize it, why did he
allow Japan to be supplied from
America with the essentials for war
AGAINST this country?
Why did he neglect to recommend
the necessary measures for THE
DEFENSE of this country?
There was no lack of effort on the
part of the public to call the atten-
tion of the Democratic Congress and
the Democratic party and the Demo
cratic president to the necessity for
preparations for war with Japan.
THE Hearst newspapers alone filled
L hundreds of columns with warn
ings
But nothing was done by the
Democratic Congress or the Demo
cratic president to PREVENT the
war, or to PREPARE for the war.
On the contrary everything that
WAS done was in the nature of sup
plying Japan with the material TO
MAKE war.
President Truman now says the
country itself was not ready for
preparedness.
The country was much MORE
ready than either the Congress or
the president.
In any event, it was the BUSI-
NESS of the president and Of the
CONGRESS- To wisely LEAD the coun-
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02

MILITARY alliance balances of power leagues of nations,
wi failed leaving the only path TO be by of
crucible of The utter desrucveness OF war now ooS
alternative We have had last chance If we do
greater and equitable system Arma-
geddon will be at door.
The problem bascay theological and involves spiritual
recudescence and Improvement of human character that will
synchronze with almost machless advance in science
art and all material and cultural developments of
past thousand years 1t must be of the spirit we
to the flesh.
We stand in Tokyo today reminiscent countryman,
Commodore Perry 90 years His purpose to bring to
Japan of enlightenment and progress by lifting the veil
isolation the friendship trade and commerce of the world
alas knowledge thereby gained of western science
forged into instrument of oppression and human
ensavement
T1REEDOM of expression freedom Of action freedom
i of thought denied through suppression Of liberal
education though appeal superstition and through the app
cation of force.
We are committed by the Potsdam declaration of prin
cples that the Japanese people liberated from this
condition of slavery 1t purpose to implement this com
tment just rapidly the armed forces demobized
essential steps taken neuraze the potential
The energy Of the Japanese properly directed will
enable expansion vertically rather than horizontally the
talents turned into constructive channels the
country lift itself from its present deporabe state into
position Of dignity
To the Pacific Basin has come emanci
pated Today the offensive democracy
the Today in Asia well Europe unshacEed
peoples tasting the full sweetness of liberty the relief from
fear
Tn THE Philippines America has evolved model for this
free world of Asia. In the Philippines America has
demonstrated that peoples of the East and peoples of the West
may walk side by side in mutual and with mutual bene-
history Of sovereignty there has the full
fidence of the East
And my fellow countrymen, today report to you that
your and daughters have served well and faithfully
with the calm deliberate determined fighting spirit of the
American soldier and sailor
Based upon tradition Of historical trait against the
fanacsm enemy supported only by mythical fiction
their spiritual strength and power has brought us through to
victory. They homeward bound-take of them.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
Named 10 Anna polls

An appointment to the L 6
Naval Academy has been received
by Raymond Lee Miller, 19, son
Of Mr. and Mrs. Clyde r. Miller,
Berkley.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02

with detenSeS and bases.
Macarthur opened the SUR
render ceremony with a speech.
The war was over, he said its
issues determined on the battle
fields of the world. It's issues
were not for discussion here, he
said. and he added;
"Nor Is II for us here 20 meet
-. in spirit of distrust,
malice or hatred"
Rather, he said, II was for VIC
tors and vanquiShed to rise 10 a
higher dignity and commit all
their peoples 10 carry out faith
fully and without reserve the
terms of the surrender.
1t was his hope, Macarthur
said, that out Of the war would
emerge world founded on faith
and understanding. a world dedi-
Gated to the dignity of man, 10
freedom, tolerance and justice.
JUSTICE, TOLERANCE
"The terms and conditions
upon which the surrender of
the Japanese imperial forces is
here to be given and accepted
are contained in the instrument
of surrender now before you,"
Macarthur said.
AS supreme commander for
the Allied powers, L announce
that II Is my firm purpose, i'm
the tradition Of the countries I
represent, to proceed I'm the dis
charge Of my responsibilities
with justice and tolerance,
while taking all necessary dis
positions to insure that the
terms of surrender are fully,
promptly and faithfully COM
piled with.
MAKES SECOND SPEECH
II now invite the representa-
tives OF the emperor Of Japan
and the japanese government.
and the japanese imperial head
quarters, to sign the surrender
instrument at the places indi-
Gated"
In a second speech, concluding
the ceremony Macarthur reported
by radio TO his fellow Americans
and the Allied world.
The victory had been won. he
said, the guns were silent
Men everywhere walk up
right In the sunlight. The entire
world lives quietly at peace. The
holy mission has been COM
pleted :"
Macarthur said he was speak
ing in the name of the American
dead and the American living
the unname Q d brave millions
homeward bound to take up the
challenge of that future which
they did so much TO salvage from
the brink Of disaster"
SEES NEW ERA
The dcstructiveneSS Of war.
Macarthur said, had brought a
new era. Man has sought peace,
he said, but his means have failed
alliances, balances of power,
leagues of nations all in turn
failed, leaving the only path to be
by way Of the crucible of war"
"The utter destructiveness of
war now blOts out this alter
native" he continued. I'VE have
had our last chance. If we do
net now devise some greater and
moro equitable system, Arma-
geddOn will he at our door"
The problem was theological, he
said, and called for an improve
ment in the character of mer
themselves TO match their 1000
year advances in ience, ART
literature and all material anc
cultural fields.
IMPROVEMENT OF SPIRIT
1T must he Of the spirit"
he said, "if We are TO save the
! flesh"
Commodore Perry. 90 years ago
tried 10 take enlightenment tc
Japan But he continued, the
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
LISTS BRUTALITIES

LIS l1AhA u shA@A AArN'
They listed the following amoni
the many crueltles inflicted OF
Allied prisoners:
Failing TO treat Allied fliers
as regular prisoners and sub
icCting them 10 such tortureS as
iabbing splintcrS under their
fingernailS in a fruitleSS effort
10 get military information.
. Pouring small amounts OF
incenSe-like powder into open
wounds and then setting II aflre,
leaving the victims horribly dis
figured.
3-InjectIng mixtures of bile
drained from gall blAdderS and
acid into tubercular patients in
an experiment TO find a cure for
tuberculosis.
4-Subiecting prison Prs 10
endless mental torture, such as
repeating the phrase very soon
all of YOU viii be in a small
box oX'-referrinG to the japanese
practice of cremating the dead
and putting the ashes in a small
box.
5-Cremating the bodies of
Allied prisoners on spits over
open fires.
MANY DIE IN PRISON
Gottlieb. who spent almost the
entire war in prison camps, esti,
mated that not more than 10OC
men were alive Of the 10000 who
the u. s. Army forces
Of the Far East at the start oi
the war Although many of those
men died on Bataan and Other
he estimated til a
thousands Of others died il
prison camps.
He said he was unable to esti'
mate how many additional thou
sands of soldiers, sailors, marines
and airTnen who arrived later II
the Pacific also died in prison
camps.
Keschner, who was imprisoned
% months in the Philippines anC
then was transferred TO Japan
that 5000 men died il
Philippines camps.
Gottlieb said American f1ier'
got special treatment bo Il
from civilians who often beat anC
them after they para
chuted into Japan and by officials
who tortured them for informa
ton.
TORTURED BY CIVILIANS
He told of one B-29 pilot WHOM
civilians bound up, tied TO Z
motorcycle and dragged through
the streets. Then they tied hin
to village flagpole and foully
abused him. He said fliers were
TO beatings and the
finger nail treatment at an in
Quisition center near Tokyo
known as the Black Hole o.
Japan"
Both doctors said that a lieu
tenant---later promoted 10 cap
tain-Dr. Tokuda practiced i'm
possible experiments on prisoner.
at the Shinagawa hospital
where he was chief medical Of
ficer.
The camp commander was
Col. Suzuki, who ordered barbara
burning treatments based on SUI
perstition. The burning of oper
wounds with incense-like powder
caused infections which resulted
in the deaths Of two men ant
left others SCARED for life.
80 PER CENT TUBERCULOUS
Gottlieb eaid Tokuda expert
mented with various injections
One was 10 inject NICOTINE acid II
the spine, resulting in excruciatinI
pain and vomiting. Keschner, VIII
was forced 10 do laboratory work
said Tokuda experimental par
ticularly on tuberculosis cases,
a mixture Of acid an
bile
1t. Cmdr. Arno Town, Ne'
York City,a medical officer aboar
this hospital ship, said that ar
proximately 50 per cent of prison
l.. 4. a
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
Text of Macarthur S
Address to America

ABOARD THE USS MISSOURI, Tokyo Bay, Sept
(Sunday) (INS)-FoIOtUing is the official text OF
the speech to the people and the United States by the
supreme commander Of the Allied poWers, Gen Doug
las MocA Tthur made after conclusion OF the surrender
ceremony:
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
Lack Of Help Delays
Troop Transports

NEW YORK, Sept. ! up
The recruiting and manning or
ganization OF tho War Shipping
Administration said today that 81
merchant vessels, many OF them
troop carriers. face sailing delay
unless RMO Is able 10 procure up
wards oL2OOO men of all ratings
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
MY YELLOW Countrymen:

1Vl
Today the guns are silent great tragedy has ended
A great victory has been The skies longer ram
deaththe bear only eommercemen everywhere walk
upright in the sunlight The entire world lies quietly at peace
The holy mission has been completed and in reporting this TO
you the people speak the thousands of silent lips for
sed among the nges and the beaches and IN the deep
the Pacific which marked the speak for the
unnamed brave millions homewad bound to take up the
challenge of that future which they did much to salvage
from the brink Of disaster.
AS back the long, toruous trail from those grim
days Bataan and Corregdo when entire world lived IN
when democracy the defensive everywhere when
modern civilization trembled in the balance thank mercul
God that He has given faith the and the power
from which 10 mold victory.
WE HAVE known bitterness of defeat and the eXua-
w ton of triumph and from both have learned there
turning back. We must forward to preserve IN
peace what
new is upon Even the lesson of victory itself
brings with profound concern both for future security
the survival Of civilization. The destrucveness OF the
potential through progressive advances In scientific dis
eovery fact reached point which revised the
traditional concept of
Men since the beginning Of time have sought peace.
Various methods through the have been attempted to
devise international process TO prevent settle disputes
between nations From the start workable methods were
insofar individual citizens concerned, but the
mechanics nstrumentay Of larger international
been successful.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
Doctors Tell
Jap Torfures
Brutal Experiments
Preeticed on Yanks
Bx FRANK TREMAINE

ABOARD TIE PITAL
SHIP BENEVOLENCE, TOKYO
BAY, Sept. ! up At least 3d.
600 Of the 30 600 troops in the Far
East al the outbreak Of war have
died, many IN prison camps where
bodies were -ere#ated on spots and
Japanese doctors con d te d
sadistic medical experiments,
two American doctors reported
today.
The doctors. liberated from
camps near Tokyo by American
occupation troops, were DR.. Mack
Leonard Gottlieb, New York City
captured on Guam in December.
l941. and Or. Harold w keSchner,
New York City, captured on
Bataan.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02

emerging from ISOLATION was
turned 10 oppression and enslave-
ment.
Freedom of expression, free
dom of action, even freedom of
thought were denied through
the suppression of liberal edu-
cation, through appeal to super
stition and through the applica-
tion of force" Macarthur said.
I'VE are committed by the
POtsdam declaration to
see that the japanese people
are liberated from this condi-
tion OF slavery.
"It is my purpose TO imple-
ment this commitment just as
rapidly as the armed forces are
demobiliZed and other essential
steps taken to neutraliZe the
war potential.
"The energy Of the Japanese
race, II properly directed. will
enable expansion vertically
rather them than horizontally"
in their own territory by I'M
proving themselves. rather than
by conquest.
"If the talents Of the race are
turned into constructive chan
nels, the country can lift itself
from its present deplorable state
into a position of dignity =.
THEY'RE COMING HOME
And so, my fellow country
men. today | report 10 YOU that
your sons and daughters have
served you well and faithfully
-. Their spiritual strength and
power has brought us through
TO victory. They are homeward
bound--take care of them
Ninitz spoke also-briefly and
bluntly.
He had walked around an
American cemetery on Guam. ne
said. and seen tire names on the
headStoneS-" "Culpepper. Tomaino
Sweeney Brornberg, Depew, Mel
10y Ponzlani.'
ITO them we have solemn
obligation" re sald-"the obli-
CATION 10 insure that their sacri-
flee will help TO make this q
better and safer world IN which
TO live.
ITO achieve this, ID will be
necessary for the United Nations
TO enforce rigidly the peace
terms which will be imposed
upon Japan. 1t will also be
necessary TO maintain our ma
tional strength at level which
will discourage future acts of
aggression aimed at the destruc-
ton of our way OF life"
Generous as were Macarthur S
statements. his surrender terms
were specific, sll-embracing and
forceful.
PROMPT OBEDIENCE
Not only was the emperor put
under him, along with all his peo-
pie, but japanese General Order
No. ! said at the end:
This and all subsequent in
structions issued by the supreme
commander for the Allied forces
or other Allied military authori-
ties will be scrupulously and
promptly obeyed by Japanese
and Japanese-controlled military
and civil officials and private
persons.
ANY delay or failure to COM
ply with the provisions of this
or subsequent orders, and any
action which the supreme COM
mander for the Allied powers
determines TO be detrimental 10
the Allied powers, will incur
drastic and summary punish
ment at the hands Of Allied
military authorities and the
Japanese government"
This order specified that the
orders issued by general head
quarters 10 commanding officers
were for unconditional surrender
The instructions were specific
and in minute detail.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02
Democratic Politics

try-and to be aware of impending
dangers and to prepare to MEET
them.
This is one of the chief reasons
representatives of the people are
elected to Congress and to the posi-
tion of chief executive-and COM
mander in chief of the military forces
the afiliation which President
Roosevelt, like Marshal Stain, so
dearly loved.
DRESIDENT TRUMAN says that
when President Roosevelt tried
to get preparedness program
through Congress it was "stifed. )"
President Roosevelt found the
power and the means to FORCE
through Congress all manner OF
CRACKPOT SOCIALIST plans and
policies which cost the nation many
times more than it would have cost
to prepare the country for the inevi.
table war which every far-sighted
statesman knew would soon be
upon us.
1t is too bad he could not find
means - or perhaps inclination to
compel his vest pocket Congress to
provide preparedness for war
Such program of national pre-
paredness, perhaps, was not CRACK
POT ENOUGH to appeal to that
distinguished visionary.
The people WANTED prepared
ness without any doubt.
But President Roosevelt's policy
was not to give the people what
THEY wanted but what HE wanted. ,
No, the presidents programs
were never "stifed" by cowardly
and subservient Democratic Con.
crosses.
The presidents programs were
made into laws as he ASKED for
them to be made-"without regard
to whether they were constitutional
or not.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-02

The world AT your door.
Phone Cherry $500 60 order The
Detroit Times delivered daily
10 your home.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-04-11
BRITISH HAVE DECIDED TO Do
AWAY WITH BARRACE BALLOONS

balloons formed prospective
wall around the southeast side
of the capital. Altogether they
snagged 278 flying bombs.
Lightning was the worst enemy
of the balloon. So much electric
ity can be conducted by a baf-
loon cable that airmen flying too
close have been electrocnted.
Because of reduced need, the
Raj Balloon Command has been
disbanded. Only a hucelus OF
stats are retained, but a number
of detachments have been sent
overseas.
The first barrage balloon ap-
peared over London during the
Munich crisis of 1888. There were
900 in England by Sept. 1888 and
$500 by the end of the first blitz
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-04-11

AP NewsIeatLres
LONDON, Apr. 11.--When the
barrage balloons that helped
guard London through two
blitzes were hauled down re-
Gently for the last time they left
-ehind many funny tales of war
.ime heroism and headaches.
A farmer caught one which
broke loose, anchored it to one
of his cows and phoned the Raj
TO come quickly, my cow has
her forelegs in the air--and it's
milking time"
In the early days when it was
common for the balloons to
freak loose, one lovely WAAF
attendant was rescued terribly
embarrassed but unhurt, after be-
ing carried high into the air.
Some balloons sailed as far as
I inland. Gables catching in high
tension wires sometimes plung-
ed whole areas into darkness.
One even overturned an auto on
a French road.
Al German balloon recovered
by an Raj pilot carried a notice
that if the balloon was return
ed to a German address all ex-
penses involved would be repaid.
The Nazi balloon became part OF
the London barrage.
One of the choice cracks of the
average American was: IF they
cut all those cables this island
would sink
The first flying bomb captured
unchanged in England was
brought down by a balloon.
During the height of the buzz
bomb blitz on London virtually
all of Balloon Commands $500
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-04-11
THE WEAVER,
FORECAST

Key West and vicinity: Clear
TO partly cloudy and continued
warm this afternoon through
Thursday; moderate easterly
winds.
Florida: Partly cloudy with
little change in temperature to-
cay through Thursday.
". Augustine through Florida
straits: Gentle TO moderate
northcasterly to easterly winds
end fair weather to-day Through
Thursday.
East Gull: Moderate .eastery
winds and fair weather today
through Thursday.
Jacksonville to Apalaehioola:
No small craft or storm warnings
have been issued.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-04-11
TODAY'S BIRTHDAYS

Chafies Evans Hughes, eN-
hiff Justioe % the y. y, born
Qiens Fails. a. n, 80 years ago.
Dan q Acheson, assistant
awetary q state, born Middle
tuwn. Cann.. 80 years ago.
nan Gen Frank q. hnes. Ad-
uanisiratuf ~ Veterans Affairs.
Washington. isufn salt Lake City,
~ years as.
fau llaltg. aelar .humorist, born
Msn Franclaev. ~ years ago.
Mlitnn FeTgus0n. chief lib
ruriau - the Brooklyn. N, u,
Rtbhe Library. barn Hu6hards-
tuNn. VI Va. 66 years ago.
haaf Admiral Ferdinand l..
Hsfhmu4h burn f3eloiL kans.,
el years ago.
The Key West citizen. [volume] (Key West, Fla.) 1879-current, 1945-04-11
pricking Conscience

Hollidaysburg, Pa. - Nor e
than twelve years ago, Joe Ruff
fey's big black rooster disappear
ed and Ruffey never knew what
happened to it. Recently, ne re-
ceivea a letter containing two 81
bills and the following note:
'sThis is to pay for a chicken my
husband stole from you many
years ago. Please pray for him
and me.--A sinner"