davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-21
Russian Press Demands That Turkey
Cede l8O-l1iles OF Black Sea Coast

tions between Turkey and Russia
had been brought to the attention
of the recent council Of foreign
ministers in London.
These included demands from
Soviet Armenia that the provinces
of Kars and Ardagan, which lie
south of the territory mentioned
in today's letter, be returned to
Armenia. These demands also have
been carried in the Soviet press.
The Dardanenes controlled by
Turkey were mentioned as among
subjects for consideration at i the
current conference Of the three
foreign minister's Revision Of the
Montreaux convention governing
passage of ships through that en-
trance to the Black Sea has been
proposed by the United States.
Meanwhile, strict secrecy con.
tinued to surround the discussions
at the current session Of U. S,
Secretary Of State James f.
Byrnes, British Foreign Secretary
Ernest Bevin- and Soviet Foreign
Conimissar v. M. Molotov, who
met for the. fifth time today. The
meetings were. said to be progress
ing, however, in an atmosphere Of
cordially. 80
Last night Byrnes and U. S. Am
bassador w. Averell Hartman met
with Stain, and both U. S. Off
Gals were said to~have been inn
pressed with how well and rested
the Soviet leader appeared after
his extended vacation. 80 !. s1' So.
1t was learned that Byrnes and
Stain talked about subjects OF inn
portance to Russia and the United
States, and touched upon matters
which are also of interest to the
ministers meeting.
There has been no announcement
of how long the present conferences
will last, and there were indica-
tons today that they would be ex-.
tended beyond Christmas.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-21

Editorial Comment
ARMY MEN STUDY KINGS MOUNTAIN
BATTLE

John Hoyle. who has made something Of a
hobby of gathering information on the Battle
of Kings Mountain, tells me that he has it
on authority of an army officer that the Bat
tie of Kings Mountain is the only battle fought
in the United States that rates treatment in
international mill ary studies ecause it is an
example of effectiveness of concentrated fire
power rarely matched in the annals of war.
They counted the dead in hundreds the wound
ed in tens that October afternoon when the
smoke of battle had cleared and Colonel Cleve.
'and's pa riots were perched VIGOROUSLY ton
the mountain.-Holt Mcpherson, in The Shelby
Star. 's+''
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-21
The Doctor Says
RHEUMA7lCFEyER
RELAPSESLlKEJy
BY WILLIAM A. 0'BR1FN =.

n.. " y nklEN, Mn
must stay in bed until tb. lever
ton has subsidized. If tba .e inlec'
valves are permanently t d.ni near
by the infection, vocational s1D lag
ing should be started t befors ra II
patient gets up. tie
Most rheumatic fever nat
have relatively mild svn pa.eA'S
But though the disease ap n,p'on''
be mild, it is only smolderjn ls's 10 10
getting up too soon may ca1 g. and m
infection to flare up. ''' NE
1t is difficult to keep children ;.
bed at home until all siau m
rheumatic activity have Sa ny Of
peSred. Convalescent hospjtaIIsl S s
recommended as the ideal n,s az
Tor treatment, as this per r,sss
- " ss'S w1"l other children
to participate in group activis.,
and to keep up with their sohY's
studies by bedside teaching ' :.
convalescent hospitals cb il NJ
are under daily medical sI,n ,s.
vision when they get up, 50 tb.r
can be returned TO bed at the tir.,
sign of recurrence.
1t is difficult to determine ub..
it is safe to permit the rbeum. 4 u.
patient out of bed. Fever is no.
a reliable guide as patients u +v'
active infection may have norma
temperature. A blood sedimsa
tatlon test may help answer fl.
question. A sample of blood is hi,
lected in a tube and the rate a,
settling of the red cells is noto5
If the blood settles more ranidr
than normal, infection probably !,
present. Patients usually are kent
in bed until the blood sedimep.
tation rate is normal, although M.
casionally they are allowed out IA,
short times if the other signs a,
the disease have disappeared.
The drugs of greatest value in
treatment of rheumatic fever p.
the salicylates. They make tbs
patient m ore comfortable al,
though their use does not shorten
the illness. Many vaccines and
serums have been proposed, but
there is no evidence that they ar.
effective.
An adequate, wel-balanced diet
with additional iron 10 correct
anemia and vitamin supplements
prescribed by physician are ad.
visable.
Sulfa drugs have been used 10
prevent occurrences. A number 0!
reports indicate small doses have
a favorable effect on prevention Of
occurrences but not on treatment
of the disease. Penicillin 10 pre-.
vent occurrences is being tried at
present.
Successful treatment Of rheu.
matte fever depends on cooper
alton Of the patient, his relatives
and fri ends S. Most important
single factor is bed rest.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-21

fectively. But if other cities Joined Its plea
for giving the proposal a thorough going-over
before a vote on it is taken on Capital Hill
the final action assuredly would come nearer
to expressing the wishes of the people and
doubtless represent the best judgment OF the
national legislators. The nineteen Wilmington
ians who signed the message to the Senate
Military Affairs committee have pointed 1ne
way for the country.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-21
TheLiterary
.Guidepost
q BY BOB PRICE
THE PERILoUs FIGHT, BY
Neil H. Swanson (Farrar-
- xn>

Neil H. swanson (Farrar
Rinehart, $3.50.
Eight years. ago, Neil H.. Swan
son went poking into the back
woods of history and found 1.-THE
First Rebel" - James Smith, Who
led Pennsylvania Conococheague
settlements in rebellion against
Britain 20 years before Lexington.
Now Swanson, executive editor
Of the Baltimore Sunpapers, has
gone, exploring again. The fruit OF
his new expedition is 1.-THE Peril
Gus Fight" which rescues another
Smith from the historical under
brush. This time it's Sam Smith,
defender, of Baltimore in the cam
paign which has been known chief
ly because it inspired THE Star
Spangled Banner. -
Sam. Smith was "a, good oak
beam Of man." He had fought
valiantly- in the Revolution, where
his job usually was the heart
breaking, unglamorous and bloody
job Of covering a retreat. But the
situation he was called to face in
18l4-When he was 62-was just
about as dire as any in the nation
al ) chronicles: ''' ... r.
The. President Of the United
States was a fugitive :. Wash
ington was burning the Amer
lean Army, was nothing now. but
Fragments" - An invading army,
the finest troops in Europe" was
on Maryland soil.
Sam Smith even had to fight for
the = command of the Army that
wasn't there. e ~
i He didn't have enough men to
defend four sides OF Baltimore. So
he sat down and figured just
vince the British would come at
him Vim; Then, having figured, he put
practically everything he had at
that spot, leaving virtually three
sides of the city pndefended.
It,was daring, dramatic gam
bic: But i worked. Wher the Brit
ish came, lam Smith and his mi
htiannenEW erss, waiting for them.
Few setaoe-: books mention the
battle Of Sod Wood. They skip
lightly, over b. densburg with the
irpphcation tha.. IS "a, pretty. sorry
story ssSMansahs ,oesn't neglect
Forf. $ McHenry = the Star
SpsnglAa Banner indeed, his
primary object lis ito place the
birth h4national anthem in
It's ast1ai setting hut the real
service here il t. scrape the rust
Of cowardice of the story. Of 1914 5
rrnilitianen and let their true,
bright steel shine through.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-21
Religion
DayByDay
BY WILLIAM r. ELLIS
AS THE CITY SEEMS

1t was several weeks after our
Summers sojourn in our Canadian
camp before I had occasion to 60
into Philadelphia. The quiet Of our
woods and water had followed US
home.
Then, all of sudden, | found
myself in the midst of the rush
ing city. 1 was oppressed by the
multitude of persons, hurrylng IN
every direction. The sidewalks
were crowded, and the streets
were full of automobiles. Every
body seemed to be going some
where fast. The hurried and mar
ried faces of the multitude made
me wistful that they all mlgn:
know the true quality Of the grea'
out-of-doors. o.,
Surely Gods design for HIS emu
dren is something better than 'M'
frantic life of scurrying multi
tudes. His voice cries, above Inc
city's clamor, BE still, and know
that l am God" He means Us
feed in green pastures, and OeSlu'
quiet waters. He would nave ~
fellowship with Him in the Wol.u
of nature. His promise Is III
quietness and confidence Sha4 "
thy strength" The balm OF quls'
cultivation of green and CROWNS
things, of birds and betStS siu
flowers, and of all the beauty
sky and water, is meant iol u'
soothing of human spirits.
Even in the hectic ways OIL W.
city's turmoil we would kno" -"
peace spread abroad IN our mean"
o Father of all life. Amen
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-21
BY EDDY GILMORE
APP Staff. Correspondent

MOSCOW Dec. 20. -. R DE
mands that Turkey cede &, strategic
1SO-mile stretch Of her Black Sea
coast to Russia were published
prominently today as the Big Three
foreign ministers, conferred again
on problems vital to world peace.
The demands for the area, reach;
ing $50 miles southwest Of the Rus.
sian oil port of Batumi to Giresun,
and stretching inlsnd as deep as
rs miles, were made in a letter
from etwo intellectuals of the
Georgian Soviet Socialist republic,
where Generalissimo Stain was
born. - ~
The writer's, S. r. DjanasAia,
doctor Of historical science, and N.
Berdzenishvil, both. members OF
the science academy of the Geor.
gian republic, declared:
I'VE appeal to world opinion
about the situation Of our ancient
land. taken. by. Turkey;
1--WE are not talking about some
small territorial dispute. This con.
Germs the seized cradle Of our peo-
plea crime which has cut in two
our living national badly. The
Georgian people must get back
their land -;
The letter demanded that Tur.
key turn over to the Georgians
the districts of Artvin, Ardahan,
Oltu, Tortrum, Ispir, Bayburt,
Guemuesane, Giresun and Trab.
zon. 3 - H.!
Trabzon, an important port 1lo
miles southwest of Batumi, has a
population of approximately $4,000
and is the largest city; in the area
named. The vilayet or admins
trative district Of Trabzon has a
populatio Of some 391 600. So.
The newspapers Izvestia, Red
Star and Pravda published the let.
ter, and said it. had been printed
earlier in Communist newspaper
at Tiflis, the Georgian capital.
Farther east Of the territory
mentioned lie sections of Armenia
and 16,45-foot Mount Ararat,
where Nosks ark was said to have
rested after the gratodeluge. Be.
yond that is northern Iran, and Az.
erbaijan province, where anSauto-
nomous government has: been SET
up against, opposition, ,fron the
Iranian goYersIn ent. !. -. =
The letter traced the. history. OF
the Georgian peoples for 2, 0Oo
years, declaring that lin far anti
guilty the Georgian people lived;
toiled and struggled on this terri.
tory x x x creating 1iew.:cerlters ID
civilization, and government. =
The Georgian people have
shown anna ing1ys vital and, crsa:
tive. ability and stubborn, attach.
nient. 70 their dear land and an i'm.
shakable will to defend lt.','f-.,1s< y
In the 18th century. the letter
said, the Tufks. seized & snutheru
Georgia after a bitter fight L. I'LL =:
Georgia has, seen many ~ con;
querors,,' 1t, added, 3: Hys rights .the
Turks have deserved !, the title III
the worst of them. They brought
only death and destruetibns'
In, 12l,.!the letter said. = tie Turks
invaded: southern Georgia and oc,
cupied the south ern section Of Ba.
tHmi. It chafged that under Turk.
fish rule geographical names were
changed and historical monument.
ruined.
. Again the Georgian popula'
ton resettled in. masses to the fa1
DIT distric sent away from, Their
native Place; the letter asserted;
'the Georgian. pecple,,-,Mho~ % have
made a considerable contribution
| Lin the cause Of the defeat Of
ffascisn, deserve a right tossubmi1
their rightfM demands:'ss,ss,.s =
PROBLEMS arising out 81 rela-
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-21
DRIVE For $: 12$M MILLION

/. clEpA q / 1 fpse: 20. -auR).-
AZ ioas.nbsig ~ for 50; S2s, ooe for the
Greater Cleveland Hospitals fund
to provide esp anded facilities for
the city's i'll and i disabled soon
will be launched. It will be the
largest eoordlnated hospital fund
campaign ever undertaken in the
United States: es3..a>
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-21

!. Nebrsska, known as the Corn
husker state. is, officially designat-
ed as The Tree Planters State"
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-21
TOP O. THE MORNING

II we were to fancy q wholly Christian
lied world, it would be a world inspired
by the spirit of Christmas-a bright,
friendly, beneficient, generous, sympa-
thetic, mutually helpful world.
George william Curtis
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-21

Even in the hectic ways OIL W.
city's turmoil we would kno" lD'
peace spread abroad IN our Aed'''
o Father of all life. Amen
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-21

y Wilmington, N. C..
Dec 1oAk g - - . e+;.-lg
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-06-17
OK|NAWA: Toughest Nut

and. the moment the fire let up,
swarmed out to man their guns before
ground assaults could gain their posi-
tons.
Fighting in many cases was hand
to hand with bayonet, grenade and
flame thrower. japanese infiltratlon
attempts were increasing. Women
dressed in Japanese uniforms and
armed with grenades were killed in
no-quarter lighting.
U. S. Infantry and Marines COM
pressed the foe into a pocket OF two
square miles on the Oroku Peninsula
and another of Is square miles along
the Yaeju-Dake escarpment on the
southern tip of the island. 1t. Gen.
Simon Bolivar Buckner, Jr., the
Tenth's commander, called on the
japanese to surrender but got no an
swer. Buckner expected none. He
realized the foe must be exterminated
man by man. Americans doggedly
slogged ahead, killing an estimated
1000 day, waiting for the inevitable
wild banzai death charge that would
signify Japanese acceptance of death
but not defeat.
Gen. Stilwell estimated it might
take another two weeks before IA
natic resistance was blotted out. He
too, expected no surrender.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-06-17

understanding and that President Tru-
man, Prime Minister Churchill and
Marshal Stain would meet soon to
discuss world affairs.
Signs of the clearing atmosphere
lifted spirits of United Nations dele
gates and the final stages of drafting
a world security charter proceeded
swiftly. Well they knew the success of
any international organization would
depend directly upon the ability of the
Big Three to compromise and work to-
gether.
One of the last crises encountered
was the disagreement over the veto
power to be exercised by the Big Five
(including China and France). At that
time Russia deadlocked the conference
by insisting that any one of the Big
Five should have the right to veto even
discussion of an international dispute
in the World Security Conference The
other four powers insisted on more
liberal Interpretation of the veto
power and finally Stain agreed to
compromise the issue.
With crucial obstacles out of the
way, the conference began TO saw wooc
and it was considered likely the com
pletely drafted charter might be ready
by the middle of next week. Presiden
Truman indicated earlier in the weel
he intended to address the delegate
at San Francisco the day after forma
acceptance of the charter form hat
been agreed upon. Secretary of Stat
Stettinius hoped that would be b,
June 10Th or 10th.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-06-17
This & That
Around The World Away

Two thousand Mexican students
at Peubla University went on strike
at enrolment of ~ Texans, on grounds
that the visitors Disseminated against
Mexicans at home.
. Between D-Day ind We Day, U. S.
troops fired more than one billion
rounds of small ammunition, 45,322,-
$50 artillery shells and hurled 4,o53,-
1888 hand grenade: at Germans on
west front.
. TIL e British Admiralty, revealed
that more than third of the Royal
Nays entire personnel is concerned
with Navy flying.
. In Bombay, Mohandas K. Gandhl
said he could not become enthusiastic
over Allied victory in Europe as
triumph of truth over falsehood but
admitted that an Axi. victory would
have been far worse.
In Fairmont, w, Va, Pastor David
K. Allen preached a sermon on "The
Force Of Nature" In the afternoon
lightning struck the church.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-06-17
People
The Architect Of Victory

Honors began to cluster this week
on the tunic of one man who, more
than any other, was personally re-
sponsible for the defeat of Nazi Ger
many in the west.
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower re-
ceived the jeweled Order of Victory,
highest award of the Soviet Union, in
Frankfurt on Main, Germany. Two
days later London turned out en-
masse to do him honor. Because a
special sword being forged by the
maker of the famed Stalingrad Vic
tory Blade was not finished, he was
presented with weapon used by the
Duke of Wellington at Waterloo,
loaned by museum for the occasion.
Through all the pomp and cere-
mony, Gen. Eisenhower maintained
quiet, fortnight soldiers calm. The
supreme Allied commander said Rus
STA, Great Britain and the U. S. in
tended to make it impossible for
Germany to wage war again." He re-
sponded to Winston Churchilrs trib-
ute, "a great general who could lead
armies and stir mems hearts, by re-
marking that Humility must always
be the portion of any man who re-
ceives acclaim earned in the blood of
followers and sacrifices of friends"
Monday Gen. IKE" will fly to
Washington to confer with President
Truman and Congress. Tuesday will
be Ebay (for Eisenhower) in New
York City. Wednesday he will 60 to
West Point for special review of the
cadets, Thursday he will be feted at
Kansas City.
On Friday, the supreme commander
will be welcomed by his home town.
Abilene, Kas. Rather than put the
general on display, the mayor said
Abilene intended to make its most
outstanding resident feel at home by
putting on show for him.
The show will include an old-fash-
toned country parade, expected to be
5 three miles long. "It will not be {
military procession, but spectacular
and something the general will like
the mayor said.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-06-17
Hero
"HoIIowed Be Thy Name"

The Marine lieutenant was carried
into a first aid station on Okinawa,
his right leg gone at the lip, his right
arm blown off at the shoulder. He
was conscious.
give got to keep breathing" he
said. Keep me breathing, Doc"
Surgeons went to work lmmedl-
ately. Keep talking, son." said the
doctor. IT like to hear you talk" The
doctor could gauge the anaesthetic's
effect by the Marines speech. Keep
talking, son." he insisted.
The wounded man was silent a
moment. Then slowly but steadily,
he began: "Our Father who art in
Heaven. - He reciteo the Lords
Prayer through to the end, started
over, but more family now.
Tears welled in the eyes of doctors
and medical corpsmen as the voice
trailed off, finally was still. The sur
geons went to work.
Next morning the Marine officer
was still alive. Evacuated later to a
base hospital, doctors were confident
he would keep breathing" for long
time.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-06-17
JAPAN: Duck Soup For The Superforts

baby. The first experimental ships
were ordered in August, 1910, but it
was not until September, 1912, that
the first models successfully took the
air. That was five months after Gen.
Doolittle had led the first raid on
Tokyo with BIS Mitchells launched
from a carrier and the Army was
impatient for a bomber with greater
range and power for the magnificent
distances encountered in the Pacific.
The Army got its first B-29s in jan
uary, 1913, and Immediately started
carving bases for them in China.
The supply problem for the B-29
bases in China proved bottleneck.
This problem was removed with the
creation of bases on Guam, Saipan
and Tinian in the Marianas. These
bases are 1900 miles from the home
islands, almost the limit of the eHec-
tive range of the B-29. Basing of
BIOS on Okinawa would permit them
to operate much heavier bomb load.
Okinawa is $50 miles from Tokyo and
800 miles from Kyushu, southernmost
of the home islands.
The revived Chinese campaign and
the withdrawal of japanese from the
coastal areas also presents the posi-
bility of BIG bases on the mainland,
especially if a direct supply line is
opened to the China coast.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-06-17

The Department OF agriculture
forecast the greatest national Wheat
crop in history for l945-1, 085, 900, ooo
bushels, on the basis of June sur
veys. If realized, it would top last
years record wheat harvest and De
the third crop of more than one bill
lion bushels in U. S. history.
Transport Bottlenecks
But war-strained transport present
ed bottlenecks to farm ers with
bumper crops. In Kansas and Okla
homa, heart of the wheat belt, farmers
were dumping wheat on the ground
because grain elevators were full.
The Office of Defense Transporta-
ton took a gloomy view of the prob
lem, predicting there weren't enough
cars to move the nations bumper
grain crops speedily. Some $4,000 cars
a week have been siphoning off the
output of sorghums, corn, rye and
wheat from the grain belt, but IN
creasing harvest season will accentu-
ate the problem, said ODT. The long
haul of war production to the west
coast compared with the shorter
movement eastward during the Euro
pean war was another compllcatlng
factor.
The scramble for coal will be worse
next fall, warned the Solid Fuels Adj
ministration, advising home owners to
accept fuels such as reclaimed coke
and other substitutes for anthracite
STA predicted that this might prove
to be "the toughest fuel year yet
even if the war in the Pacific ended
by spring.
Aluminium Galore
Confronted by a surplus of alumni
mum in stockpiles, the War Production
Board allotted 100 million pounds o
aluminium quarter to industry TO
peacetime production. The amour
was greater than that used by manu-
facturers at their prewar peak.
After hearing charges by the Vet
Grams of Foreign Wars that At per cen
of all veterans hospitals provided in
adequate, incompetent or insufficient
facilities, the House Veterans Com
mittee decided to probe conditions q
ex-servicemen's institutions. At tn
same time the American Legion an
the Disabled A m eri C n Veteran
which conducted similar surveys, re
ported that ION the average veteran
hospitals compared favorably wit
municipal and state institutions.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-06-17

troops who had whitfield the japanese
from $4,000 to an estimated $4,000
compressed into two pockets at Oki-
nawa's southern tip considered the
generals remark gross understate-
ment.
Bloody Okinawa was tougher than
anything the U. S. had yet encoun-
tered in the Pacific japanese, holed
up in coral caves linked by communl-
catina tunnels, had to be blasted out
with grenades and fame throwers.
Fanatic defenders endured for days a
deadly tattoo of artillery, naval gun
fire and aerial bombs. one Warshlp'
alone, fired nearly $500 ROUNDS OF hve-
inch shells into one hill. Inc Japanese
withdrew into caves during barrages