davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-16
Despite Wars End, Food
Supplies To Stay Short

brought little change in the world
food situation. Acute shortages ex-
list, they explained, in war-torn
areas of Europe and the Pacific.
The surrender of Japan did per-
NIT the army to announce 20
per cent reduction in its food re.
quirements, but the bulk Of this
reduction will be diverted to for
eign relief and lend-lease ship
ments. This reduction in military
needs was the major factor in the
government decision today to
terminate the rationing of all blue
point foods-such as canned fruits
and vegetables, catsup, chill sauce
and fruit juices. Very little of these
processed foods will be shipped
abroad.
The broad, long-term food out.
look was pictured today by Re-
conversion Director John W.
Continued on Page Three, Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-16
HOLIDAY MIX up
WORRIES BANKERS
BY The Associated Press

The White House miX-up over
whether Wednesday and Thursday
were legal holidays threw the ma
tons business onto a mostly-clos-
ed but partly-open basis yester-
day, with the prospect that today
would present even more of "a
hodge-podge.
The banks in a dozen or more
sizeable cities were open for bust
ness as usual yesterday. More will
be open tomorrow including those
in New York.
A handful of war and industrial
plants continued to operate on the
first day after victory, notably the
atomic bomb works at Oak Ridge,
Tenn, the nations biggest rocket
producing plant at Camden, Ark,
and two big shipyards in the San
Francisco bay area.
1t appeared likely that some 9TH
er plants and businesses might
try to call their workers back, if
possible, following the White
House explanation that it was in
terror" in giving the impression
that two-day legal holiday had
been proclaimed. A Presidential
secretary said Mr.. Truman in
tended only to give Federal en-
ployes two days off with pay.
A considerable number of bust
ness firms kept skeleton stats
on the job yesterday. But for the
most part Americas businessmen
and workers celebrated victory
or recovered from earlier celebra-
| tons.
With one exception all stock and
commodity markets were closed
here and in Canada, and will re-
main closed tomorrow. The Lon
don stock market also shut down.
The exception was the Chicago
Livestock Market.
The banking situation presented
| Continued on, Page Three, Col. 6.)
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-16
Gen. Antonov Orders Soviet Army
80 Continue Battle Until Japan
r ormally Lays Down Armament
GOVERNMENT ENDS
RATlONlNC OF GAS
Lid Also Removed From
All Blue Point Food
Items, Fuel Oil

WASHINGTON, Aug. 15,-lR-
Fill 'er up came back into the
American language today.
Gasoline rationing ended.
So did the rationing OF fuel oil,
oil stoves, and all blue poins foods.
but rationing o. meats, fats and
oils, butter, sugar, shoes, ana tires
will continue until lowered military
Requirements and increased produc-
ton bring civilian supplies more
nearly in balance with civilian de.
mands.
Price Administrator Chester
Bowles made the announcement Of
the first big break IN rationing.
The order became effective I'M
mediately. All that filling stations
ard merchants have to ITO is hear
the news through press or radio.
Shortly after Bowles' announce
ment, Secretary Of the Interior
Harold L. Ickes, as Petroleum Ad-
ministrator, said ample quantities
of civilian gasoline will be avail
able Immediately. The Petroleum
Administrator sad only a few
days would elapse before bet
ter grades than the low octanss
civilians have been Using will be
available.
| Supplies of heating ana fuel oil
will he adequate to meet norma
Ipeacetime requirements, Ickes
said.
B,owles said of the prospect fol
future rationing cuts:
"It certainly can't come too soor
as far as we are concerned. YOU
can be sure that these items viii
60 off the list the minute we heal
that supplies are anywhere neal
big enough to 60 around
Bowles said the OPA is as happy
as snyone now that motorists car
drive their cars wherever they
please provided their tires viii
get them there) and added tina
, well be happier still waen tires
too, can go off rationing.'
: Bowles said the immediate re
: moval of several major civilian
commodities from rationing nigh
E mean some local shortages foE
while, but predicted the suppl!
l agencies would be able to take carr
e of these trouble spots quickly.
Bowles also announced the re
:, moval of price control on a larg
, Continued on Page Two; Col. 2
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-16
AUTO MAKERS GET
GO AHEAD SIGNAL

WASHINGTON, Aug. 15.-P)-
The War Production Board today
gave industry a free hand-almost
to produce for peacetime. Auto
makers were told they can go the
limit.
All but 40 Of the 400 WPB con.
trolls will be wiped out by next
Monday. And those 40 will be only
temporary.
This was announced by Chair
man J. A. Krug at a news con-
ference where he issued the WIPES
detailed plan for reconversion OF
war industry.
The agency removed bars from
makers of durable goods. It also
opened the way for a great pro-
gram of plan construction.
Krug declared that WPB is mot
going to do lot of wand-waving
from Washington"
He said the job must be done
by thousands and thousands OF
businessmen all over the country.
"Our policy is to encourage them
by taking off controls" he said.
1--WE stand ready to help them
when they run into difficulties.
But we are not taking on the
job of deciding what products will
be made and how they will be
distributed.
Krug said most of the $32,000,-
900, 900 in war contracts that are
still undelivered will be cancelled
He disclosed that the vast NUM-
tons program-which has totalled
about $34, 500, 900, 900 for the first
eight months of the year-will
total only $1,000, 100000 during the
last four months, September
through December.
Krug also gave the prospects
in the rest of 1915 for certain
articles that consumers want. For
example,:
Mechanical refrigerators-third
quarter 125,000; fourth quarter
700, 900.
Washing machines-third quar-
ter $4,000; fourth quarter 100000.
Sewing machines-third quarter
10000; fourth quarter $4,000.
The WPB chief said most ma.
terials now will be running out
of our ears"
He said a man could air" nst
count on his fingers the items at
will stay in short supply for a
considerable period. AS examples
he named tin, crude rubber, lum-
Der, certain textiles, hard fibers,
Controls will be kept on such
items as these until shortages
loosen or until there is. no tlonge-
any danger of a scramble for
these materials, according to the
reconversion. plan which Krug
issued in mimeographed form.
Inventory controls will be re-
tanned until the danger of hoard
ing, pre-emptive buying and stock
piling by the few at the expense
of the many is over.
The WPB summarizes its plan
in eight points:
/. Cancel soon all but a handful
Continued on Page Three, Col. ~
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-16
Nelu British Government
Presents Aims Via King

read the speech, prepared by
Prime Minister Clement Attlee,
outlining Labor's immediate leg
islative detectives.
The King declared that "it will
be the aim of my ministers to see
that national resources in labor and
material are employed with the
fullest efficiency in the interests
of all and that the standard of
living is progressively improved. !"
He. said that ''in order to pro-
mote employment and national de-
velopment, machinery will be set
up to provide for effective plan
ming of investment, and a meas
ure will be laid before you to bring
the Bank of England under public
ownership.
"A bill will also be laid before
Continued on Page Two; Col. -
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-16
king BR0ADCASTS
VICTORY MESSAGE

LONDON, Aug. 15.-lB- King
george VI called upon the British
empire tonight to "join in thank
ing almighty God that the war has
ehoed,' but warned "that relief
noln past dangers must not blind
Us 10 demands of the future"
Addressing his subjects in a
world broadcast, the sovereign
said:
We shall have to labor hard to
restore what has been lost and to
establish peace on unshakeable
foundations.
we nave our part to play in
leSloflng the shattered fabric of
.iVillzatlon. 1t is a proud and diff
neult part and if you carry on in
.Iie years to come as you have
uone SO splendidly in the war, you
anu your children can look forward
wv W uae future, not with fear, but
Tor all.
II Is to this task that I call
: You now.
mere is not one of us who have
w. experienced this terrible war
WIZ ooes not realize that we shall
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-16

Listed by American officials as
three major Japanese war crimi-
nails are Field Marshal Hipaichi
Terauchi top, Field Marshal
Hata middle), and Gen. Toyoko
Oshima (bottom). Oshima was the
Jap military attache in Berlin
When the Axis pact was signed.
Currently he is an Allied prisoner
at Bedford, Pa, with other Jap
diplomats captured during the col
lapse OF Germany. Observers be-
heved that accused Japs may try
SUICIDES, to escape Allied trial.
QnternationaD
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-16
BULLETIN

SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 15.-WD
Tokyo Radio said tonight the
japanese government has received
the United States note directing
Japan to issue a cease fire order
on all fronts and announcing tho
designation of Gen. Douglas Mac
Arthur as Supreme Allied military
commander.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-16
suzuki CABINET
OUT IN DISGRACE
Tokyo Broadcasts Cause
Interest OF Leaders 4
In Washington S
BY ROGER JOHNSC
United Press Staff Corr

OultcQ fTCSS St8If OVr es< a
SAN FRANCISCO, Az IS
The japanese cabinet 81
disgrace today, but at the
or's request Premier Baron An
taro Suzuki remained in office
pending the appointment of new
ministry which, Tokyo said, would
be composed Of men with fresh
IDEAS"
Indicating difficulty in getting its
men to accept total defeat, Japan
csc Imperial headquarters acknow-
lodged post-surrender attacks on
American bases and ships in the
South - presumably the Okina-
wa area.
Imperial headquarters said every
effort was being made to prevent
further attacks, and it was trying
to get orders to every branch of
the fighting forces to down arms.
Pending cease fire arrange
ments, Allied fleets and conveys
were ''requested'' not to approach
Japanese ports.
Japanese radios which reported
these developments claimed also
that Tokyo was orderly.
The outgoing cabinet in a special
proclamation to the nation urged
everyone to- obey the Emperor's
surrender decision, Tokyo said.
An outstanding feature of the
days Tokyo broadcasts was a Sc
ries of DEGREES and statements in
dicating japanese leaders expect
ed to keep control of finance and
economy and to start at once on a
gigantic recovery program. From
their tone Gen. Douglas Macarthur
might be going to Tokyo only as
visitor.
The cabinet met at Suzuki's
home at 2:30 pm. Suzuki SUBMIT
ed its resignation to the Emperor
at 1920 pm. He told Hirohito that
he had been unable to overcome
the problems he had met in his
four months in office and it was
necessary to reconstruct Japan
with young and ADLER talents.
Suzuki said he felt responsible for
causing the Emperor great ankle
ty."
It was not necessary for one
cabinet man to resign. War Minis
ter Gen. Korechika Anami COM
mitted Hara Kiri Immediately aft
err the Emperor's surrender proc
lamation.
In a statement explaining the re.
signation, Suzuki said the cabinet
was unable to make decisions. 1t
was uncertain whether he menat
that indecision had been a cabinet
fault or whether it was powerless
under surrender terms to act.
BY DOUGLAS b. CORNELL
WASHINGTON, Aug. Is - !R -
Japanese broadcasts implying
vaguely that Nippon already looks
to rebuilding her armed might got
close attention from American Of
ficials tonight.
Some military and din1or,, atic all.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-16
0''l''hoed on Page Three, Col. g.
WEATHER
Eastern Standard Timel

Eastern Standard Time)
M,.oS U. S. Weather Bureau)
endin9 roi 1.S data for the "a hours
fSo pm. yesterday,
In Temperature
';3o pm. go ~ Gill; 49, 'o0 p'ih co.
Eorr Maximum ln Sc; Minimum IA; Mean 80;
Lon Humidity
7.3o INV am. IS; 7 80 am. 90; 1870 pm. e5;
ro.-, Precipitation
o6o 0' o., tor "a hours ending 7:3o pm
35a '' ID, SINCE the first of the month
fro. Tides For Today
!. roa ,il 'oe Tide Tables published by u
NodSt and Geodedtc C,,r.ay,
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-16
By DOUGLAS b. CORNELL

WASHINGTON, Aug. Is - n
japanese broadcasts implying
vaguely that Nippon already looks
to rebuilding her armed might got
close attention from American Of
ficials tonight.
Some military and diplomatic au-
thorities didn't like the tone of two
Continued on Page Three, Col. ~
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-16
FORECAST

North Carolina: Considerable cIoudi-
ness. Showers and thunderstorms alons
the coast Thursday morning becoming
partly cloudy and not SO warm and
humid in the Interior Thursday,
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-16

'i'lnued on Page Two; Col. 3
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-16

Continued on, Page Three, Col. g.
Evening star., 1945-09-30
Brief Reviews
WAR BOOKS.

We Flew without Guns, by Flight
Capt. J. G. Genovese. John c.
WinstonD Breezily written auto
biography OF rowing flyers war
service as Raj ferry pilot, Chinese
transport pilot and test pilot in
the United States OF America. Good
human interest.
Whisper Flight. by 1t. Col. John
B. Stanley. (Dodd, Mead Fic-
tional account of a special glider
borne mission into Burma. A war
novel for older boys.
NOVELS. .-
The Scandalous Adventures si
Reynard the Fox, by Harry J
Owens. KnopfD A smooth prose
version of Reinecke Fuchs, attrac-
lively illustrated. re,
Years Before the Flood. by Mari
anne Roane. (Scribners) A novel
Of Germany between the wars, cen
tering on the rise of Naziism. Good
Bay Mild. by. Louis Kintzinser
fBruce) Pleasant little story ol
fishermen's life on Lake Michigan.
Amaru, by Robert Dean FFisbie
Doubleday, Doran) Trade romance
about search for pearls In the South
Sea Islands.
Lady Leatherneck, by Barbara "A
White, lieutenant, M. CIV. r. Dodd.
Mead) Novel about experiences Of
girl training and serving in the
Marine Corps Woman's Reserve
Routine.
Evening star., 1945-09-30

and % portrays George c. Greenfield.
the inscrutable British Tommy as 8
man with doubts, fears and hope.
not unlike those Of our own G1 Joe
If this 125-page novelette, is note.
worthy for its gripping account o.
battle under full desert moon, Il
is even more worth while for its in.
sight into the British soldiers
hidden self.
Dreams of Home .. -.
For his deeper impressions the
author calls on Capt. Hugh Long
who writes poignant letters to 9
redheaded wife back home ant
dreams of days on the cricket field
before leading a spearheading in
fantry company into action.
Long, alone, knows the awfu
secret Of Geof Harrison, the com
pany commander too vivid
Imagination that begets fear ane
once caused him to desert his mer
at Dunkirk. =
How Harrison, wracked with jaun.
dice and doubt, wrestles to gain
mastery of himself in this historic
desert battle is the story's dramatic
high spot.
Like Capt. Long, the author is q
Cambridge man who was to have
become q schoolmaster before the
war interrupted his plans
He does an admirable job Of CIV
ing the reader sample of the desert
the heat, the loneliness the ever.
present fiies-and its effect on the
men who lived and died there. =
Evening star., 1945-09-30
peocetime Universal Military Training
Viewed as the Surest Way to End War

developed with admirable clarity
and logic in his book. The argu-
ments advanced by opponents OF
compulsory service are weighed fully
and sympathetically. There is a
chapter on conscientious objectors
in which these unhappy and mis-
understood adherents to a principle
are given q respectful hearing.
As Col. Fitzpatrick emphasizes
universal training is not simply a
military problem, but policy affect
ing all citizens which they must de-
eide. He feels, however, that It is
the surest way to prevent another
war because it will strengthen Amer
ica's role in the United Nations and
protect this country against attack
in case the league to preserve peace
should fail.
The historical background OF Sc
lective service and the attitude o1
important organizations toward j,
are brought out in this valuable
study
Evening star., 1945-09-30
PRIVATE MONOPOLY
By Dauid LASER. (Harper's
S3l -
Reviewed by
JOSEPH H, BAIRD.

The primary thesis of Mr.. Las
ser's book is that II the democratic
peoples Of the world do not gain
effective control of their own eco-
nomic life, they will be crushed in
a cosrnic battle between interna-
tional communism, on the one
hand, and what he calls the Mo-
nopoly international, on the other.
Either a world monopolist state
or a world communist state, will
arise over the ashes of democracy
greatest and fnal failure" the
author predicts.
This monopoly international" Il
described as the giant business cor.
porations and family trusts Of the
industrial nations, united through
caatels and combines to restrict
trade. control prices and suppress.
the marketing of new invention,
which might endanger their busi.
ness. He blames 1t directly fol
the late war. holding that thu
financiers and industrialists of Ger.
many and Japan fostered the Nazil
and Japanese war lords as bul.
wark against the democratic force,
of these countries.
The tragedy Of the prewar era
says Mr.. LASER, was the failure o.
the peoples of the western democ.
racies to make common cause
because of mutual suspicion, witt
the peoples of Soviet Russia. How.
ever, he blames this, in part, on th'
Communist International, pointing
out that the presence In each ma
ton Of a Communist party, blindl,
obedient to Moscow in its every
Evening star., 1945-09-30
Will a World MonopoIistic State
Arise Over Democrocy's Failure?

policy and strategy. created those
suspicious, hostilities and divisions
among the supporters Of democracy,
who could have been Russia's most
fervent allies"
Today, the author holds, the
Kremlin's reluctance to cooperate
fully and frankly with Its late
allies is based on a suspicion that
their future foreign policies will be
controlled by the monopolistic rather
than the democratic elements IN
them.
In chapters devoted to the busi-
ness structures OF Germany, Japan,
Austria, France, Britain and Amer
lea Mr.. LASER presents some ar
resting statistics on the extent to-
which their industrial life and
wealth is controlled by a minute
fraction of the population. These
minorities, he holds, have during
recent decades ruled the world
through operations and combines
transcending the governmental level.
AS a solution to the evils arising
from this Mr.. LASER, an economist
who has served through the war in
a Government agency mot identi-
fiedD, advocates the control of the
worlds trade by international COM
missions which would fix prices,
allocate imports and supervise raw
materials.
The author, however. does not
answer the question which has vexed
political philosophers through the
ages-how to make sure that these
commissions would act in the in
terest of the people as a whole rather
than that of the particular po-
litical and economic groups to whom
they owed their power. Mr.. LASER
| it seems to me, has posed here an
interesting and vital problem. But
his solution is vague and less than
satisfying
Evening star., 1945-09-30
Running Account Of Two lima Campaign
As Told by 5 Marine Combat Writers

these ,bomberS. SO $4,000 OF Amer
ica's crack Marine assault troops
were committed to It's capture.
More than 10000 were killed OF
wounded, for Two, In the words OF
Ii. Gen. Holland M. Smith, Pacific
Marine commander, was the most
heavily fortified and capably de-
Tended island in the world" Yet
only three months after the island
was ours more than $50 Super
900 men-were saved
through emergency landings there
The bombing of Japan rose in fury
and surrender was in sight.
No one interested in American
history should overlook this fine
piece of on-the-scene reporting
Told with careful regard for fact
and an Unconditional clarity that
transcends any "souped-up" attemp,
at heroics, 1t Is a record in which
America can take pride.
Accompanying the text are numer-
Gus excellent battle photographs
The Mount Suribachi nag raising is
the frontiSpiece.
Evening star., 1945-09-30

whole a better name, at least so far
as descriptive accuracy is concerned
In Bloomington, ILL.,, Mr.. Mowrer
had what seems to have been q
typical midwest, small-town boy
hood, according to the standards OF
the 1905. Then his family moved
to Chicago and he got a taste OF
big-city life With never a doubt
as to the career he wanted to fol-
low. he broke into the reportorial
staff Of the News Immediately after
finishing high school, worked on the
paper at intervals during his two
and a half years of college and then
settled down for life as newspaper
man. In 1910 he was. put in charge
of the News Paris ONCE. where he
remained until 1898, when he came
back to Chicago to become his
papers editor.
The First Worid Var
Alternating accounts of his per-
sonal and professional existence
with his views on the political sit
uation of the; world. his book tells
the story of hts coverage of the
Balkan War of 1912. World War I
the Peace Conference. the postwar
Balkans, the Rifnan War, the sit
uationt of the newly created Baltic
republics, the various reparations
and disarmament conferences and
league sessions of the interwar
period, the rise Of fascism and the
subsequent beginnings Of Na1ism
His view, he says. was consistently
that France should have been As.
sured Of her security and that Ger.
many's sad tale of inability to pay
was = swindle. He put no faith in
Russia's retreat from her position OF
avatar OF world revolution. He wrote
two books setting forth his ideas
but, like many newspapermen, he
was not taken seriously by the poll
ticians.
In and among these professional
matters he describes various homes
which his family occupied, trips
across the Atlantic. holidays in thu
Alps or on the seashore, walking
tours through Europe's famous seen.
cry. the birth of his two sons, tn.
failure Of his first marriage anc
his remarriage to Hadley Heming
way, divorced wife of Ernest, thu
novelist. s ...s-
The juxtaposition of private ant
public experience, interspersed with
long analyses of political issues
carried on to the length OF over COZ
pages may be confusing to somt
readers. But it is all brilliant writ.
ing and must stand as q memorable
portrayal of 4 great modern news.
ma mar careAr. ~
Evening star., 1945-09-30
William Howard. Taft
By Frederick C. Hicks. yale
University Press; $780,

" SSsSSf otSy zoo, pS'0V"
Reviewed by CASPAR NAMES.
The years 1918 to 1921 when VIII
liam Howard Taft served as Kent
professor Of law in Yale College
were like a pleasant valley between
the mountain peaks of his term as
President OF the United States and
his occupancy of the chief justice
ship of the Supreme Court. .
In this little book we get to know
Taft the man rather than Taft the
public figure The country's 9th
President stands forth not only as a
good teller of stories, but also was "a
good compa Mon" in the best sense
of the word. Considerate of his COL
leagues. modest in his pretentions
earnest in his college duties, Taft
emerges from this short study In
stature ENHANCED.
Two high points in the book are
the detailed descriptions of Taft's
welcome to New Haven as a profess
sor and his meeting with Theodore
Roosevelt at the funeral OF Prof.
Thomas r. LounSbury.