davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-09-13
An Essential Need

There can scarcely be any debate
over the wisdom of President Tru-
mans recommendation for per-
manent Federal agency to promote,
support and coordinate scientific
research and development. In this
age of radar and the harnessed
atom. the case can be stated very
simply: What the President pro-
poses, wholly apart from its social
and economic serviceability, is abso-
lutely essential to the security of
the Nation.
AS envisioned by the President,
the agency would be broader in
scope and purpose than either the
Office of Scientific Research and
Development or the Research Board
for National Security. These were
set up on an emergency basis when
the Axis began to march and when
it became clear that we were ur-
gently in need of centralized or
ganization to pool, direct and syS-
tematize the efforts of our scientists
in a great concentrated program to
modernize old weapons and develop
new ones. The OSRD and the Re
search Board thus have had role
confined to war, but what the Presi-
dent recommends would serve non
military ends as we'll.
Tr
Truman has described the proposed
agency as having six functions: U
To promote and support research
and development projects for secu-
rity purposes; (2) to do the same in
the basic sciences and in the social
sciences; 90 also in medicine, pub
lie health and allied fields; (4) make
possible scholarships and grants for
young people with proved scientific
talent; 90 coordinate and control
the numerous scientific activities
now conducted independently of
each other by several Federal de-
partments, and (6) see to it that the
fruits of Federally financed research
are made fully. freely and publicly
available to commerce, industry,
agriculture and academic institu-
tionS."
There may be room for differences
of opinion over some details of the
Presidents recommendation It may
be argued, for instance, that the
promotion and support of research
in the social sciences-preSumab
with the laudable objective of trying
to narrow the great gap between
mans tremendous knowledge and
his ability to make wise use of it
might better be assigned to another
agency or perhaps to privately or
ganized councils of savants. Taken
as whole, however. the proposal
cannot sensibly be opposed, particu-
larly in view of the special assurance
that such Federal undertaking
would in no way impair, dictate to,
or regiment the free intelligence and
free spirit of the American scientist.
In the Presidents words. Our
economic and industrial strength,
the physical well-being of our peo-
pie, the achievement of full employ
ment and full production, the future
of our security, and the preservation
of our principles will be determined
by the extent to which we give full
and sincere support to the works of
science" The potentialties of our
age cannot be exaggerated, and to
cope with them in an orderly and
intelligent fashion we must have
the kind of agency Mr. Truman has
asked for. Congress should lose no
time in bringing it forth.
Evening star., 1945-09-13
Locul RECOGNITION at Lost

The last appointment of Wash
ington lawyer to the United States
Court of Appeals for the District of
Columbia was in February of 1881,
when former President Hoovers
nominee, the late Justice William
Hitz, took Office. All during President
Roosevelt'S term the local bar was
ignored, insofar as the Court of
Appeals was concerned, and there
seemed to be a studied effort to
exclude Washingtonians from con-
sideration.
The Presidents appointment of
E. Barrett Prettyman to fill one of
three vacancies on this court is
therefore doubly gratifying. For
Mr.. Prettyman is not only a Wash
ington lawyer who has taken an
active part in Identifying himself
usefully with community activities,
but it would have been very difficult
for the President to have chosen
more capable and respected member
of the Washington bar. He should
make an excellent judge, for he is
intellectually, temperamentally and
morally fitted for this high type of
public service. Furthermore, it is
encouraging to see successful prac-
ticing attorney make the financial
sacrifice involved in accepting a ju-
dicial appointment. Many of them
are inclined to criticize failure to
select practicing attorneys for the
bench, yet too few of them are will
ing, in recent years at least, to set
the example by accepting such an
appointment when one is offered.
OF the two other appointments to
this court, Bennett Champ Clark is,
to all intents and purposes, a Wash
ingtonian, spending as he did so
many years here when his father was
in Congress and during his own
Senate service and receiving his high
school and legal education here. He
is a capable citizen and we'll liked,
though yet to demonstrate his abil-
ity as judge. Wilbur K Miller, the
third appointee, is Kentuckian
with experience both as a judge and
as an active member of the bar. 1t
is noteworthy that these three ap-
pointments will make a full bench
at the Court of Appeals for the first
time since Secretary of the Treasury
Vinson resigned in 1943. More than
their share of work has fallen to the
justices who were left on the bench
In the meantime.
The appointment of Alexander
Holtzoff, an assistant to the Attor-
ney General, to fill vacancy on the
District Court will be we'll received
In Washington. He knows Washing
ton we'll and was one of the archi-
tectS OF the reorganization of the
Municipal Court system here. He
has been working, capable
and well-liked member of the De-
partment of Justice staff for some
twenty years and in that time has
won a reputation in Washington for
competency and fairness which his
wide circle of friends are glad to
see recognized.
Evening star., 1945-09-13
Share and Shore Alike

from the London Daily Telegraph and Morning
Post.
There is, indeed, world shortage of
most essential foodstuffs, which is par
ticularly hard upon us through the
deprivation Of normal sources of Inn
ports. As President Truman notes, while
Australia and New Zealand continue to
feed most Of the United States forces
ON the Pacific front, those Dominions
are not able to send us the quantities
OF food we received from them In peace
time. Lease-lend has been essential to
the Allied campaigns. Two-thirds of the
tanks with which Field Marshal Mont
gomery swept from the Rhine to the
Elbe were lease-lend products. Presi-
dent Truman has given the other side
OF the account, too. Reverse lease-lend
supplies, Installations, transport fur
nished by us amounted to 81 per cent
Of the total required for the defeat Of
Germany. Throughout the struggle,
share and share alike to the utmost has
been the principle guiding British effort.
Evening star., 1945-09-13
Between Two Tides

The sky grotDs quick NTH wings;; the
dissonant sound
OF those plo proUe the biUalped grace
OF squirting sands proclainrs the race
OF appetite tDith time
And then the unieersal rhynts
Reperses. Silper todters stDeep
From loto to high-but stiH the Wdtcrs
creep,
InchDard, up the shore
Until the deep Atlantic laps our door.
HARRY ELMORE HURD.
Evening star., 1945-09-13
MomentoriIy, Yes!

From the St. Louis Post Dispatch
Great attention is probably being di.
rected in Tokyo Just now to that old
Japanese proverb: Practice the art Of
giving up,"
Evening star., 1945-09-13
Causes of Depressions

Causes of Depressions
To the Editor OF The Star:
The full employment bill is enlight-
ened and necessary, but 1t hardly
touches the main employment problem.
For full normal activity In our eco
nomic system all its parts and factors
must be in correct relation and adjust
ment to each other. This dificult
adaptation is, to say the least, scarcely
promoted by having millions engaged in
work whose product and payment are
outside the natural industrial pattern.
Such work is an opiate, not a cure.
Employment alone Is not q SUFFICIENT
objective.
Numerous interested persons, and
some others, proclaim that high wages
or high prices, will create prosperity.
Confidence also is mentioned. But con-
fidence, wages and prices all are at
their peak when the slumps begin.
What likelihood is there that high wages
and prices can lift shattered system
which they had not been able to main
tain in established good condition?
We seem justified in saying that there
is some agent or condition, more likely
several, which cause slumps and depres-
sion, and that usually these cannot DOS
sibly be unduly low prices or wages,
Until 1t Is authoritatiyely known what
these causes are, there is an excuse for
any one who is uncertain or mistaken
about what should be done, though only
contempt for most of those who are
cocksure. In particular, talk about Co.
100000 jobs, while magnificent as an
aspiration, may be misleading as a
promise. WALTER p. WHITE
Evening star., 1945-05-01
Producer Of Atrocities
SAYS Hays Banned Film

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, May Irwin Sha-
piro, producer of the documentary
film Atrocities" said today that
Will Hays Office had banned the
film from its theaters.
A spokesman for the Hays Office
denied the film had been banned
but said it had withheld the film s
code seal because it repeated too
many gruesome scenes"
Mr. Shapiro said he would distrib-
ute the film to the country's 10000
independent theaters.
The American people are en-
titled to the facts about the war"
Mr.. Shapiro said. "Objections by
the Hays Office that the film Is 81
per cent atrocities appear insincere
in view of the news daily pouring
out of Europe exposing German war
crimes. This is very extraordi-
nary code of morality"
The Hays Office spokesman said
I'VE have not banned the picture at
all. We suggested the elimination CT
repetitious scenes that were re-
peated just for their gruesomeness
We said that if these were elimi-
mated We would reconsider. We are
as interested in having atrocities
exposed as any one"
Evening star., 1945-05-01
Surplus Agency Faces
Only Minor Changes

Secretary Of Commerce Wallace
plans mo significant changes" in
the Of1ice of Surplus Property, over
which he assumed responsibility
under an executive order issued by
President Truman 10 days ago.
Until the formal transfer yester.
day the Office of Surplus Property
was part of the Treasury De-
partment functioning under the
Surplus Property Board as the dis
posal agency for surplus consumer
goods. 1t employs approximately
1000 persons.
The agency will be in charge
of sales Of such commodities as
automobiles, trucks, clothing, hard
ware, agricultural implements, medi-
cal supplies, construction machinery
and other leftover materials whose
value is generally estimated at ap-
proximately $1,000, ,0O0, 900.
A. U. Fox, director of the office
while it was under the Treasury,
will remain head of the surplus
agency, Mr. Wallace said. and the
staff has been taken over "prac-
tically intact"
Evening star., 1945-05-01
Crumbs for Birds
Given Official
District Approval

Neighbors' complaints that Ber-
nard T.. Harding, cigar and candy
merchant at 300 Seventh street
NV, was scattering crumbs for
birds near his home at 9l9 Shepherd
street NV. posed problem for the
corporation counsels office today.
It was solved by Corporation
Counsel Richmond B. Keech max
ing a ruling that feeding birds with
small pieces of bread is no viola
tion of police regulations against
depositing garbage A warrant
sworn out against Mr.. Harding in
Municipal Court was nolle pressed
at the request of E. E. O'Neill, assist
ant corporation counsel.
Police Corpl. William Glassman,
who investigated the complaints,
said that Mr.. Harding went to Mr..
O'Neill's office and promised that
he would feed birds hereafter as in
structed by the Health Department
Evening star., 1945-05-01
Mars Brought Home
To Be Flying School
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press. H..
The Mars, biggest airplane in the
world, has come back from the war
to serve as flying schoolhouse.
The Navy disclosed yesterday that
the giant flying boat landed Sunday
at the naval air station at Patuxent
River, Md, where she took off II
months ago on her first war assign
ment-a 4,375-mile fight to Natal,
Brazil.
On her maiden flight the Mars
chalked. up three records: The long,
est over-water fight yet made, the
longest nonstop cargo flight and, on
a 1,233-mile leg of the return jour-
ney, the greatest air cargo, IS 900
pounds.
Less than two months after her
initial jaunt, the Mars was put on
the San Francisco-Hawaii run.
From that time until her return to
Patuxent, the Mars made 1876 reg
ular trips, flew approximately 800 900
miles, carried more than 2h mil
lion pounds of cargo and more than
1000 passengers.
Many new Mars-type flying boats
soon will begin to roll off the as
sembly lines at the Glen L. Martin
Co. plant in Baltimore, where the
Mars was built. The men who will
man the new planes will receive
their training on the Mars.
Evening star., 1945-05-01
Jury Acquits Dodson
OF Murder Charge

After brief deliberation. a Dis
trict Court jury this afternoon ac-
quilted Policeman Harry O. Dodson,
As, of a charge of second degree
murder in the fatal shooting of
Robert Cunningham. %, colored, in
May, l943.
The case had gone to the jury
shortly before noon, after final in
structions from Justice James w
Morris, who presided at the trial
Immediately after the verdict, Dod-
son was restored to duty.
The trial began last week. Dod-
son testified he fired from his serv-
ice pistol to stop an automobile
in which Cunningham was a pas
senger, after the driver, Willie
Cunningham, a cousin of Robert
had run the auto directly at him
The driver said he did not know
that Dodson, who was off duty. was
policeman and drove away after
becoming frightened as Dodson
drew pistol
The shooting followed a collision
OF the car occupied by the two COL
ored men and Dodsons automobile
it was said.
Evening star., 1945-05-01
Hackers Weekly Pay
SET al SIS 10 $50

Investigation of wartime earnings
by Washington cab drivers, being
made by the Bureau of Internal
Revenue for evidence of possible
income tax evasion, may reveal that
the average weekly wage of the
drivers over the year comes to s35
to $50 after expenses have been de-
Quoted, according to estimates fur
nished by several companies rent
ing cabs to the men.
One manager of a large concern
pointed out that cab rental for a
week is about $50 with gas costing
an additional s1.5o per day. An
other official of different firm, es-
timating weekly rentals from s35 to
s45 according to the type of car,
figured the drivers average $45 a
week after all expenses have been
paid, while a third manager said
$50 week would be fair approxl-
nation.
All the organizations called at
tention to the days drivers lost time
from work, emphasizing that they
ohly liidhc iioIlcy Willie ACTUALLY dC
work.
The Internal Revenue Bureau Is
following its customary procedure of
checking on reports or rumors hav-
ing to do with earnings that may not
have been reported on income tax
returns. A special investigation is
under way to see whether rumors
that taxicab drivers are making
large sums which some drivers may
not have reported on their tax re-
turns is true. The bureaus inter-
est, it was learned, is only whether
the income tax returns coincide with
the money made by the drivers.
Evening star., 1945-05-01
Dratha

WALKER A ARIHUR sl,IIs. W. Ell EptsTed into
ms Fl An'Hh williams ns fane4al fssnS home dsae
2ISI Gs9Tsa sta ave NM and may be
services viii be held at the above funeral
home on Wednesday, May 2. at 9 pm.
etery. Arlington, Va. Rev. James E Green
sofleiatins. Relatives and friends are
WALKER, GoLDsBURRoUGH BENJA-
Rs M fSs 81 EEj%s TasSms
snd faB.r esbagd a st RsSssSa WR Wks
many man friends After PM. ''ErS Tuesday day
sefdss snds %fS n BE- call hea n s a,s Msy
stn and ID n SITS. Apu' INV. interment nnt PAYNE
Cemetery. ARRANGEMENTS by Mcguire. l
day, April %, 1945. ELIZABETH WASH
INGTON, beloved wife of George Wash
ineton. She also is survived by one son,
Marshall strnEteiloT and one srandchld
1887 10th st. NV, where services will be
held Wednesday. May ?. at l pm. Rev.
E. G. Smith officiating. Interment in
LeeSburg. Va.
WEEKS. MINNIE E. FLYNN. On Sat-
pfais pa MRN1E 4ss FasN " wEEKs e6 6eleTsd aUs
mOtner OF MIS-. COrlnne marcy, MTS. Alice
/; Wqelfing;. Alfred F; Flynn, Yorke Flynn;
craddock and Mrs. Lucy c. osmond; sis
ence Weckerly, Mr. Ernest Burgess and
Yorke BURGESS. Funeral from the resi-
dence OF her daughter, 1888 Webster st,
ne. on Wednesday. May ., at > pm
Relatives and friends invited. Interment
Lincoln Cemetery.
WEEKS, MINNIE FLYNN. Members of
Pride of WASHINGTON Council, No %,
Daughters of America, will assemble at the
home Of our late sister, MINNIE FLYNN
pm Tuesday, May /, ls45, to conduct
services
HELEN SAUNDERS, Councillor.
RUTH WARREN, Secretary.
WHITE, JULIA W. On Sunday. April
%, 1945, JULIA w. WHITE of 535s Hayes
St ne. loving wife Of James P. White.
daughter of Mrs. Maria F. White and the
late Samuel A White, sister of Romaine
w. Wilson and w. Ambrose White She
also is survived by host of other rela-
tives sand friends. After / pm. Wednes-
day. May =. friends may call at her late
residence. Funeral services on Thursday,
May - al l pm, ct the Nineteenth Street
Baptist Church, 10Th and Eye SITS. NV.
Rev. Walter H. Brooks officiating. Rela-
tives and friends invited. Interment Har-
S. Washington a. Sons.
APRIL "A, l945, FREDERICK H; WILkEN.
Funeral from the w w. Deal funeral home
4sl2 Ga. ave. NV, on Wednesday, May y,
at 10 am. 1nterment George Washington
Memorial Cemetery.
Evening star., 1945-05-01
CoIored Veteran
OF Civil War
Dies at 7O7

Henry Ross Fish. 107-year-old COL
ored veteran of the Civil war and
the Indian Wars of the 1870s, died
yesterday at the home of his daugh-
ter, Mrs. Matilda Paige, BIT Division
avenue NE. He had been in i'll
health for two-and-one-half years.
He was born in Washington of
slave parents, January IS, 1888, and
with the exception of service with
the Federal Army, he had resided
here all his life.
Mr.. Fish received his discharge
from the Army in 1874 after serving
as blacksmith in several wars.
Later he was employed in a stone
quarry near Chain Bridge, retiring
about IS years ago
In addition to his daughter, he is
survived by eight grandchildren and
nine great-grandchildren.
The body is at George w. Lewis
funeral home. Funeral arrange
ments have not been completed.
Evening star., 1945-05-01
Convict Executed
For Assault on Girl
" the Associated Press.

RICHMOND, Va, May INFANCY
Christian, 27-year -old Fauquier
County Negro, was executed today
at the State Penitentiary for crimi-
nally assaulting 15-year-old white
school girl.
Maj. w. Frank Smyth, superin-
tendent of the State Penitentiary,
said Christian was taken into the
death chambers at 8:34 am. and
pronounced dead six minutes later.
Christian had been committed to
the State Penitentiary last year to
serve 20 years for highway robbery,
but IN January he escaped while
working on a road gang. He was
captured two weeks later near Suf =
folk.
Meanwhile, officers were search
ing for an unidentified Negro who
had criminally assaulted a 15-year-
old student at Chuckatuck High
School in Suffolk. The girl identi-
fed Christian as her assailant.
Christians trial in Nansemond
County Circuit Court on March IA
was closed to the public. He was
charged on two separate indict-
ments OF criminal assault against
the young girl, once on February
and again early the following
morning.
The criminal proceedings that
followed were so unusual that vet
eran penal authorities could not re-
call a similar case. Christian was
found guilty on both charges and
sentenced to death in the electric
chair on both charges. The lower
court issued orders to the peniten-
tiary to execute Christian twice
once for each indictment.
Evening star., 1945-05-01
Rites Held for Mrs. Field ,
Wife Of Correspondent

Funeral services for Mrs. Kathryn
r. Burns Field. 40, wife of Carter
Field, veteran Washington corre-
spondent, we're held today at St.
AIMS Church, 4400 Wisconsin ave-
nue. NV She died Friday at her
home, 5044 Macomb street NV.
after long illness. Burial will be
in Woodlawn Cemetery, New York
City.
A former Agriculture Department
employe, Mrs Field was a native of
New York She attended Ladycliff
Academy. Highland Falls, N. Y, and
studied in Paris. She had resided in
the District since 1881.
Mr.. Field, whom she married in
1912, began newspaper work in
Baltimore in 1908 and came to
Washington in 1913 from the edi-
torship of the Cumberland (Md.)
Press. For two years he was United
Press Senate reporter and from
1915 to 1929 was Washington corre-
spondent for the New York Tribune
and New York Herald Tribune. Since
then he has been correspondent for
the Bell Syndicate and special
writer for McGraw-H Publications
Evening star., 1945-05-01
Funeral Rites Tomorrow
For Mrs. Minnie E.F. Weeks

Funeral services for Mrs. Minnie
E. Flynn Weeks. 10, of 1888 Webster
street NE, who died Saturday at
Garfield Hospital, will be held at 2
pm. tomorrow at the residence. In
terment will follow at Fort Lincoln
Cemetery.
Mrs. Weeks was one of the first
woman members of the Metropolitan
Police Force, with which she served
from 1918 to 1886. She began in the
Women's Bureau and subsequently
became assistant probation officer Of
Police Court. Her father, Enoch
Burgess, had been a sergeant in the
department and her first husband.
Albert H, Flynn, served at one time
as police guard at the District Jail.
Her second husband, Charles Weeks,
was butcher
A native of Washington, Mrs.
Weeks was an active member of the
Daughters of America, the Eastern
Star and the Patriotic Order of
Americans, of which she was past
national vice president.
among surviving members of her
family are Mrs. Corinne Marcy, her
eldest daughter, serving as COM
munications chief in Italy for the
Office of Strategic Services; c. w. o.
Yorke Flynn, a son, with the Sea-
bees, and Pvt. Alfred F. Flynn. jr.,
a grandson, both in the South Pa
ciflc area. Her other children are
Mrs. Alice L. Wuelfng, Mrs. Harriet
Clark, Mrs. Ethel Craddock, Mrs
Lucy c. Osmond, Alfred w. Flynn
and Fred Flynn, all of Washington.
She also is survived by two sisters,
Mrs. Harriet Jenning and Mrs Flor
ence Weckerly, and two brothers,
Ernest Burgess and Yorke Burgess
Of WASHINGTON.
Evening star., 1945-05-01
Mrs. Bessie Bork Dies:
Wife of Nuvy Man

Mrs. Bessie May Bork. 81, of $40
Ingraham street NV. died yester-
day afternoon at Bethesda Naval
Hospital after a long illness. She
was native OF Paris, Tex, and
had been resident of the District
for eight years.
Requiem mass will be offered at
the Church of the Nativity at g
am. tomorrow. Mrs. Bork was a
member of the church's Women's s
Sodality. Burial will be in Airing
ton Cemetery.
She is survived by her husband
Chief Pharmacist Frank r. Bork,
U. S. NJ, retired: a daughter, Mrs
Lucille Jones, Woodbine, Md. and
sister, Miss Lucille Roberts, Okla
homa City.
Evening star., 1945-05-01
Joseph Voceoro Dies;
Founder of Fruit Line
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW ORLEANS, May Joseph
Vaccaro, SO, member of the board
of directors and one of the found
ers of the Standard Fruit g.
Steamship Co., died yesterday.
A native of Contesa Entellina,
Italy, he came to America when
II years old and started his
merchandising career peddling
fruit.
He was a pioneer in orange cul-
tivation along the Mississippi
River below New Orleans, and with
two brothers organized Vaccaro
Bros. g. Co. The firm acquired
vast banana plantations, steam
ship lines and freight terminals in
Honduras, Mexico and Haiti, and
during the 1920s was reorganized
to form the Standard Fruit g.
Steamship Co.
Evening star., 1945-05-01
}. Eugene Cothelin,
Native of France. Dies

J. Eugene Cathelin. 36. of 1914
Warren street NV. died Sunday at
his home. He had been a chef in
the District for nearly 20 years and
was charter member of the Wash
ington Epicurean Society.
A native of Montbason. France,
he was educated in Paris and came
to Washington in 1924. He is sur
vived by his widow, Mrs. Rose
Cathelin
The funeral services will be held
at the w. K. Huntemann funeral
home at $50 am. tomorrow, fol-
lowed by requiem mass at o'clock
at st. Anne's Church. Interment
will take place at Rock Greek Gene
terry,