davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-08-11
Flowers for Veterans
To the Editor of The Star;

To the Editor OF The Star:
I was very much shocked when I
learned that there had been practically
no response to the appeal of the Floral
Subcommittee of the District of Co
lumbia Red Cross for semiweekly and
weekly donations of flowers for our
wounded veterans now under treatment
at Walter Reed Hospital
Have We so soon forgotten the great
sacrifices that these, our soldiers, have
made for us? Are we satisfied to
ignore these men now that they lie
stricken? Yes, stricken in our service,
that we may go forward in full enjoy
ment of the security that they have so
nobly fought for.
Flowers are Gods "emblems of
beauty" and in the sickroom they bring
solace and cheer to the soul of the
afflicted suffered. Every man, every
woman, every child has a deep and
reverent obligation here, the acknowl-
edgment of which should not Ue
neglected.
I appeal to my fellow Americans not
to treat lightly the suffering of these
brave men who have given so much
for us. r. w. GOODHART.
Evening star., 1945-08-11

of Salzburg and Upper Austria south
Of the Danube. The French sphere,
limited to the provinces of Tyrol and
Vorarlberg in the extreme west of
Austria, connects with the band
OF French-occupied territory that
stretches across the extreme south
ern part of Germany from the Rhine
along the Swiss border to Vorarl-
berg. Since the British are supplied
from the Adriatic ports and Italy,
each of the occupying zones is as
sured of independent communica-
tions. Though each zone will be
primarily controlled by the specific
occupying power. coordination will
be sought through the central au-
thorities established in Vienna. It
is noteworthy that the provincial
government headed by Premier Rem
ner under Soviet auspices, though
allowed to function, is not recognized
by the western powers.
The ultimate aims of the inter-
Allied agreement are stated to be:
Cd to achieve the separation of
Austria from Germany; 60 to OBJ
tain as soon as possible the estab-
ishment of a central Austrian ad-
ministrative machine; 90 to prepare
the way for the establishment of a
freely elected Austrian government.
and "a to insure a satisfactorily
1unctlonlng inter-Allied administra-
ton during the preliminary stage.
Evening star., 1945-08-11
What, No Mayhem!

=
A half million or so soldiers have re-
turned to the States since the Krauts
surrendered and, believe it or not, there
hasn't been a single instance reported
of their having chewed up half dozen
children, bayoneted lot of civilians,
committed murder on wholesale scale,
set off bombs under the Brooklyn Bridge,
or placed BOBBY traps along Broadway
just for the hell of it.
Yes, sir, surprising as it may seem,
these men from the fighting fronts
wearing rows of battle decorations, many
showing disabilities as evidence of their
fighting, have gone about their business
of seeing homeSites again quietly and
unobstrusively, and those who have
been discharged have set about re-estab-
fishing themselves in civilian life in an
orderly manner A few weeks ago these
men were locked in mortal combat with
the Heinies; it was kill or get killed.
They killed. But here they are back in
the States and they haven't harmed a
soul-about the worst thing any one of
them seems to have done was to Jump
overheard from transport to kiss a
bunch of welcoming WACS; but the
WACS asked for it-and who wouldn't
jump at such chance?
All Of this must be very disappointing
to the long-haired gentry who have been
lecturing the people for so long about
how to humor and pacify the returning
soldier in order to rid him Of his killer
complex--to soothe his savage breast
and calm his homicidal soul.
When asked by reporters about how
to treat the returning soldier, Gen. Ike
Eisenhower said: Just don't psyche
analyze him." Pop and Nom, Aunt Sue
and Bill Smith are no doubt finding
out Gen. Ike spoke mouthful.
Evening star., 1945-08-11
This Changing World
Bv Constantine Rro,vn

men were not permitted to fulfill their
mission. Moscow declared war after
the Bulgarian government had accepted
unconditional surrender and compelled
Bulgaria's representatives to come to
Moscow to accept the Russian armistice
terms.
Washington and London accepted the
situation because both governments
realized that Bulgaria, together with the
rest of the Balkan and central European
countries, had been earmarked by the
Big Three to come under Russia's sphere
of influence.
No such situation is likely to develop
in the Far East, unless the present ar
rangements are upset by some unfore-
seen outside developments, such as the
Kwantung army refusing to obey Hiro-
hitos orders America and Great
Britain are said to have agreed that
Russia Is entitled to revert to the po-
sition she had in Asia before the Russo
japanese war of 1904.
That is to say, Russia will be entitled
to take over once more the Liaotung
Peninsula with Port Arthur as a stra
tegic base, and regain her prerogatives
on the Chinese Eastern Railway by
direct agreement with the Chinese
government.
Korea, which will be granted her free
dom, is expected eventually to form
government of her own. Most observers
familiar with the conditions in that
part of Asia believe that the future
Korean government will be patterned
after that of the European states on
the borders of the U. S. S. r.
A large group of young Koreans who
have formed a free Korean movement
in Siberia hope to take over the reins
of government and establish govern
ment friendly" to the U. S. S. r.
These concessions made to Russia are
not regarded in Washington as price
paid for her intervention in the war
in Asia, but as recognition Of Russia S
minimum claims in the Far East, justi-
fled by previous legal rights.
In exchange, Premier Stain is re-
ported to have promised not to inter-
fere with the policies of his western
Allies on the ASiatic mainland and in
Japan. He is now dealing directly with
Generalissimo Chang Kai-Shek regard
ing Russia's interests in Manchuria and
Mongolia Moreover he is said to have
pledged himself not to give any official
support to the Chinese Communists
in Yenan but maintain a neutral atti-
tude considering this matter an internal
problem of China.
Stain is also believed to have accepted
the principle that we have a major
interest in Japan and is willing to adopt
in that area the same attitude We have
adopted in Germany Austria and
other European states which Russia
considers necessary for her postwar
security.
Evening star., 1945-08-11
The Political Mill
BY Gould Lincoln

President Truman's report on the
atomic bomb, the entry of Russia into
the war against Japan and the agree
ments reached at PotSdam was a reaS-
suring document DO a chaotically think
ing world-including the American
people. At the same time it served as
a stern warning to Japan that she must
surrender or be destroyed as there would
be no letup in the use of the atomic
bomb Underlying the whole utterance,
however, was the promise Of a great
effort to bring forth and to maintain
an era of peace.
Since the announcement of the dis
covery of the atomic bomb and its first
devastating use-practically wiping out
a japanese city of $4,000 population
the American people have been disturbed
and fearful of what this held for the
future. Mr. Truman's statement gives
the answer to many of these fears. He
said: The atomic bomb is too dangerous
to loose in lawless world. That is why
Great Britain. Canada and the United
States, who have the secret of its pro-
duction, do not intend to reveal the
secret until means have been found to
control the bomb so as to protect our
selves and the rest of the world from the
danger of total destruction" The PreSi-
dent added he intended to ask Congress
to cooperate to the end that the pro-
duction and use of this bomb-the ex
plosive-be controlled "and that its
power be made an overwhelming in
f1uence toward world peace
This definitely dispoSes of all ques-
tions whether the secret of the bomb
and its manufacture is to be given to
other United Nations. including Russia.
1t is not. The United States, recognized
as peace-loving nation. intends to sit
on the lid of this modern Pandora'S box.
The atomic bomb, however, will remain
as a great discourager of aggressive war.
The very knowledge that this weapon
can be used to put down an aggreSSor
will be a great deterrent to any future
Hitler or MuSsolini.
If any one retained doubt that the
United States has adopted program of
leadership in war-torn world-a lead
ership toward peace-Mr. Truman's ad-
dress must have dispelled it. He said
in plain, simple words that this coun-
try, along with its principal Allies, would
use all its great power to make and
maintain peace. He went to Potsdam to
confer with Stain and Churchill, and
Evening star., 1945-08-11
Agreement on Austria

The agreement on the inter-Allied
occupation and governance of Aus
tria may be regarded as the imple-
mentation Of the idea formulated
between the Big Three as far back
as the Teheran Conference, the spe-
cif1c details having been worked out
by the European Advisory Commits
sion. The system closely resembles
that already established for Ger
many. Austria as whole is divided
into four zones of occupation
assigned respectively to Britain.
France, the Soviet Union and the
United States. Vienna. the capital
and metropolis of Austria. falls geo.
graphically deep within the Russian
zone; but. like Berlin. it is subdi-
vided into four distinct zones Of
occupation, with the exception of
the Inner City" the original nu-
cleus of Vienna. which is under joint
four-power control for co-ordina-
tive administration.
The Russian occupation zone is not
only the largest and most important
but conforms to Soviet politico-str
tegic requirements. Consisting of the
entire province of Lower Austria,
plus the portion of Upper Austria
north of the Danube and the eastern
border province of Burgenland, the
Russian authorities control all routes
from Austria to both Hungary and
Czechoslovakia. Next in size and
value is the British zone. which
covers the whole southern portion
of Austria. including those parts of
Styria and Carinthia claimed by
the Tito regime in Yugoslavia. In
cidentally, no mention is made of
those claims in the inter-Allied
agreement, which states that, "for
purposes of occupation" Austria will
be zoned within its 1887 frontiers. "
The American zone is in the north
west, adjoining our sphere in Ba-
varia and consisting of the provinces
Evening star., 1945-08-11

There was little doubt in official quar-
ters in Washington today that Admirals
Nimitz and Halsey together, probably
with Gems Macarthur and Spaatz, will
enter Tokyo as soon as Emperor Hiro-
hito has formally surrendered to the
Allies.
Moscow demanded the honor of enter
ing Berlin first, although American
troops would have reached that city
many days ahead of the Red Army.
According to usually well informed
quarters, that arrangement had been
agreed on at Yalta and, of course, was
honored by the American high COM
mand
Political and sentimental conSidera-
tions caused President Roosevelt and
Prime Minister Churchill to accede to
this request of Premier Stain Russia
had been attacked by the Germans in
violation of a nonaggression pact and it
was only natural that the U. S. S. r.
government should desire to send its
forces into Hitler's capital ahead of
the western Allies.
Japan attacked the United States
treacherously in December, 194l. 1t was
only natural for the American Govern
ment to insist that those admirals and
generals who led the United States
forces to final victory should enter the
Japanese capital as conquerors.
The peace terms which will be i'm
posed on Japan will represent the de-
sires and wishes of all the nations inter
ested in the Pacific war, but they will
receive their principal inspiration from
Washington.
Because the American Government
accepted the Russian thesis at Teheran
and Yalta that the Soviet must have
friendly governments near her borders
which are now extended far into Central
Europe-the administration offered only
token opposition" to number of acts
taken unilaterally by Moscow in the
areas which involved Russias security.
BY the same token the United States
Government is reported to have insisted
that Americas s security demands that
this country shall have the major say in
matters concerning American frontiers
toward Asia.
There is no question that from the
point of view OF face" the entrance into
Tokyo of the American admirals and
generals who have carried the American
troops TO Victory Will nave a major re-
percussion throughout the Far East. And
this, it is said, was fully agreed on at
Potsdam, although it is possible that no
formal agreements have been signed.
There had been some apprehension
recently in Washington that as soon as
the Red armies got into action against
Japan, we might be faced with another
Bulgarian affair" 1t is recalled that
although Russia had not been at war
with Bulgaria when that country's dele
gates reached Cairo to surrender to the
American and British authorities, these
Evening star., 1945-08-11
Triumphant Anomaly

From the London Free Press.
The British Empire is an anomaly.
1t has neither logic nor reason. 1t has
grown and flourished not because of any
organization, because practically there
is none, but because of the uv,ion Of free
people who have common aims, ambi-
tions and ideals Germany was convinced
that the empire would fall apart when
war was declared. And yet at the
darkest hour when Britain stood alone
against the might of the Nazi forces
the empire stood united beside her. We
have come through the war trium-
phantly and now we must stand together
In building up better world where
permanent peace will reign.
Evening star., 1945-08-11
Letters to The Star
Factual Reporting on Spain
Praised AS impartial

To the Editor Of The Star:
In all the welter of confusion and
misinformation currently prevailing
with regard to Frances Spain, the
article by Leigh White in The Star of
July 81 is one of the few that contains
objective information.
In order that the American people
may have a clear understanding OF
what is and has been going on IN spain
it is obvious that there must be an
impartial presentation of the facts. 1t
also is equally obvious that most of
what is being currently reported is
neither impartial nor factual A great
deal of it undoubtedly emanates from
Communist sources and is inspired by
victory in the late civil war routed the
unrepresentative forces which had
seized control of Spain and whose
government now forms the only effec-
tive barrier to the complete domination
of the European continent by the Com
munistS.
1t is shameful to note that several
prominent persons in this country allow
themselves to be used as sounding
boards in this campaign of hatred
against Franco, advocating the rupture
of diplomatic relations with friendly
nation without regard for the civil
strife which it might precipitate in
Spain, while at the same time they
decry any expression of criticism OF
Russia on the ground that it might
imperil our relations with our great
ally"
Your correspondents story, written
from Spain and evidently based on facts
developed at the source in sampling
local opinion, indicates what should be
obvious to unbiased observers, namely,
that the Spanish people have no desire
to change their present government for
the bloody tyranny of a leftist die
tatorship such as they lately suffered
under. That the meddlers in this
country should be agitating to over
throw a government that is acceptable
to the people of Spain clearly indicates
the source Of their leadership They
deserve no support from our people.
PAUL J. CARIIN.
Evening star., 1945-08-11
Rain Music

A summer rain is soothing when 1t falls
In quietneSS. The treadmM of the
mind
Is hushed, and peary nerpes that noise
has raSped
Become serene again, and let dreams
find
The many treasures that contentment
brings
A kinship tDith all things that grot1
in fields
And little rtuulets singing through hills
To gladden. thirsty roots that nature
yields.
Slo,o rain on summer erenings brings
peace
Not found In cro,pded hours of the
day; y,
1t drips in tinkling music from the eapes
To fall In crystal pools ,ohere children
play.
To aching hearts it croons Of rest and
sleep,
Bidding sad eyes no longer pigit Keep.
EDITH TATUM.
Evening star., 1945-08-11
Congress Needed

with Japan'S surrender imminent
1t seems clear that Congress will
have to cut short it's recess and re-
turn without delay to address itself
to a multitude of issues growing out
of the sudden advent of peace. Apart
from those bearing upon the inter-
national situation, the more imme-
diate problems have to do with de-
mobilization and reconverSion. and
some of them are urgent.
When they suspended business
until October 8, both the Senate and
House could credit themselves with
having completed vast amount of
constructive work in the interna-
tional field, and much of the criti-
ciSm hurled against them for neg
lecting reconverSion legislation was
slightly on the exaggerated and
alarmist side. Nevertheless, there
can be no doubt that the change
over to peace. which now becomes
about the biggest of the Nations
tasks, demands prompt legislative
attention.
Included among the most impor-
tant measures left hanging fire by
the congressional recess are % lib
eralization of unemployment COM
pensation to cushion the shock of
sweeping cutbacks in arms produc-
ton; (2) a proposal to establish
one-man administration of surplus
property disposal; co the so-called
full employment" program; "a
steps to help small business, and (5)
proposed readjustmentS in our war
time tax policies. Except for un-
employment compensation and the
surplus property Setup which is
badly in need of an overhauling-
legislation along these lines may not
be related urgently to the immediate
problems of reconversion, but Ger
tainly Congress cannot begin to act
on it too early, because the pro-
grams long-range relationship to
the change-over is of great impor-
tance and will probably require ex-
tenSive debate.
Other end-of- -the-war problems
not least of all the demobiliZation of
the armed forces-now call for con-
greSSional review, if not for specific
legislative action, and it is more
than likely that new international
matters will soon begin to press for
attention. In the circumstances,
particularly with the complex issues
of reconversion directly upon us, it
is difficult to see how Congress can
stay in recess much longer.
At the same time, however, it is
worth emphasizing that difficulties
are inherent in the situation and
that if a reconversion "crisis" de-
velops-as some have predicted
the reason for it will lie not only in
what the Senate and House failed
to do before they recessed, but also
in the laws already enacted and the
character of their administration.
1t is reaSsuring to know that Pres
ident Truman is moving to step up
action at the administrative end.
The reconvening of Congress should
serve to take care of the legislative
deficiencies. In both ways, admin
istratively and legislatively, the
Nation ought to be able to shift
from war to peace with reasonable
SnooothneSS
Evening star., 1945-08-11
Commends Mrs. Evans

To the Editor of The Star:
AS OAR interested in the preserva-
ton of things American" land North
Carolinian), want to express my ap-
probation for the article in Sundays
Star by Mrs. Evans on North Carolina.
In my opinion Mrs. Evans treated her
subject with deep sympathy and a
great understanding of this, our last
frontier" of pure English stock in
this truly great country of ours.
MRS. EMILY H. WITHERS.
Evening star., 1945-08-11
Also B. v. Ds.
om the st. Louis Post-Dispa tch

From the St. Louis Post-Dispatch
Harry Hopkins has taken Job as
arbiter of the New York coat and suit
business. From what little we know of
the liveliness of that great segment of
American enterprise, he will be lucky
if he doesn't lcse his pants end vest.
Evening star., 1945-08-11

Do you remember the good old
days when there was only one brand
of cigarettes that you would walk
a mile for?
Evening star., 1945-08-11

There are said to be five hundred
moose on Isle Royal in Lake Supe-
rior. That is probably one of the
largest chapters of the loyal order.
Evening star., 1945-08-11

Brief history of Japan's attempt
at world domination - Bubble,
Trouble, Bubble.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-09
U.S.. TO EXPORT
MANY TONS FOOD

WASHINGTON, Nov. s.-P)-
Secretary OF Agriculture Clinton P.
Anderson announced today that
the United States will export near
ly 1900, 900 tons Of food to liberat.
ed Europe and North Africa dur
ing October, November and De-
cember.
Anderson told 4 press confer
ence that food shipments for the
final quarter of 1945 for relief and
commercial trade, will be so per
cent higher than in July. August
and September period.
The food exports are expected
to meet "only the most urgent
minimum needs" Of hungry Eu-
rope, Anderson said. He added
that it is hoped this flow can be
maintained at a similar level in
1916.
In addition, 100000 tons Of
food had been allocated to the O..
S. military and war services in
October, November and Decem-
Der, 10000 tons to the United
Kingdom, and 100000 tons to
other destina tons, including U. S.
territories. More than half of all
the planned exports will 90 to lib
Grated Europe.
Anderson explained that it is
possible to make this quantity OF
food available to the rest of the
world and still keep 70 per cent
Of the food supply during this
quarter at home for civilians.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-09
AIRLINE OFFICER
KILLED in CRASH

CAIRO, Nov. 8 - W.D JACK
Nichols, 40, vi e-president o,
Transcontinental Western Air ana
former U. S. Representative from
Oklahoma, and seven other per
sons were killed Wednesday morn.
ing in the crash of an Army B-zo
Mitchell bomber at Asmara, Erlt'
rea, an Army communique dis
closed today.
The eight dead included all nve
crew members and two other IVA
International division employees
Milo E. Campbell and A. ]. Nay
lor. Nichols, TWA vice-presldent
for the past two years, was IN
charge Of the company's interna-
tional division.
The bomber was taking off on 2
flight to Adds Ababa, Ethiopia
and carried a full load OF gaso'
line. Official reports said that an
engine Of the two-motored bomber
failed shortly after the takeoff at
Asmara and the plane crashed
about $50 a. m.
An official inquiry was Launched
into the cause of the crash.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 8 - W'3 -
The War Department tonight re-
leased the names and next OF kin
Of the five Army men and two CT
villains killed in the Cairo plane
crash which ended the life Of Jack
Nichols.
The Army men are:
Capt. Harold H. Zufan - Mrs.
Evelyn Zufall, wife, Fresno, Calf;
First 1t. Richard o. Hill-Mrs.
Richard o. Hill, Fresno, Calf;
Master Sgt. Jack P. Graham
Ernest A. Graham, father, Water.
look, Ia; Staff Sgt. Ralph E. ia
cobsen, Mrs. Augusta Jacobsen
mother, Route One, Madison
Neb.. and Staff Sgt. Daniel F.
Antitomas - Samuel Antitomas,
father, Route One, Deerlane Elk
tension, Rochester, Pa.
Besides Nichols, who is survived
by a brother, Waldo Nichols,
South Arlington, Va, the other
civilians are Austin Nayler-Mrs
Austin Nayler, wife, Washington
ID. c., and Milo Canpbell-Mrs'
Milo Campbell. wife, Burbank
Calf.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-09
1t. ALAN MARSHALL
RETURNS HOME FROM
SERVICE IN NAVY

1t. Commander Alan A. Mar.
shall, former city Juvenile court
judge and assistant city attorney,
has returned to Wilmington on ter
minal leave from the service after
completing three years service with
the U. S. Naval Reserve.
With Mrs. Marshall and thelI
four-year-old daughter, 1t. Comdr.
Marshall is staying with his pa
rents, Mr.. and Mrs. B. H. Marshall,
1901 Princess street, while house
hunting. He proposes to resume
law practice here in the near tut
ure.
The commander received ter
minal leave from the Naval Sep
a-ation Center at Shelton. Va.
His last tour prior to separation
was at Pearl Harbor. Prior to that
he served as enemy submarine
tracking officer for the Southern
group Of the Eastern Sea Frontier
with headquarters in Charleston
S. C..