davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
Won B0HLEN GETS
TRIAL REPRIEVE

LONDON, Nov. 15.-R-The In
ternational War Crimes Tribunal
at Nuremberg today excused Gus
tav Krupp Won Bohlen Und Hal
bach from trial until the condition
of the aged, ailing munitions maker
permits.
A defense lawyer asked psy-
chiatric examination for the no
torious Jew-baiter Julius Stretch
err. The tribunal still was consid-
ering an American-French- Russian
request that Alfred Krupp,- 80, be
substituted as defendant for his
father.
Forty Germans went on trial at
Dachau, site of a former Nazi ex-
termination camp, charged with
killing and mistreating thousands
of prisoners there.
The defense-four U. S. Army Of
ficers and a German civilian
lost efforts to have the Indictment
quashed or have the defendants
tried separately. The prosecution
declared its evidence would show
that Dachau was used by the Nazis
as an determination camp, and
that each of the 40 accused were
cogs in the determination machin-
cry.
Three new war crimes trials
started today-at the Dachau con-
centration camp, in Helsinki and
in Budapest-while the Belsen trial
continued at Lueneburg and SEN
fences wereNpronounced in still two
other cases.
Eight of Fin1and's wartime lead.
ers, including former President
Risto Ryti, went on trial in Hell
sinki, charged with leading theil
nation into war with Russia, and
spurning changes to make peace.
A 34-page indictment was read
against the accused.
In Budapest former Premier Bella
Imredy faced a court for taking
his country into an alliance with
the Nazis. Twenty-one witnesses
have been summoned to the trial,
including a former personal envoy
of Hitler and a nne-time, SIS gen.
eral.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
WEATHERMAN SEES
SOME Relief FOR
SHIVERING PEOPLE

Wilmingtonians who shivered yes
terday and last night when the
mercury nose-dived from the los
slightly warmer weather today, ac-
to the 4O's were promised fair and
cording to Meteorologist Paul Hess.
Hess said that October's mean
temperature was IS degrees, high
est average for an October since
1912. Maximum temperature dur
ing the month was "a degrees and
the minimum was 40 degrees.
October's mean temperature was
IS degrees, highest average for an
October since 1912. Maximum tenn
perature during the month was 81
degrees and the minimum W ~
degrees.
Total rainfall for October was
2.O6 inches compared to a 1914
October total of 7.91 inches. Octo-
Der, 1913, was the driest month
recorded by the local weather bu-
reau since 1875, with the small
total rainfall of .02 inches.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
Prof. Otto Hahn Wins
Nobel Chemistry Prize

STOCKHOLM, Nov. Is - R-
Prof. Otto Hahn German authority
on radio-activity and the atom, has
been awarded the 1914 Nobel
Peace prize in chemistry for his
discovery of a method to break
the heavy atom nucleus, it was
announced today.
The 1e45 prize went to Arthur
Wirtanen, Finnish biochemist, for
his discoveries relating to agricul-
tural and food chemistry.
Hahn recently was reported by
the newspaper Aftonbladet as be-
ing in England. He is credited with
discovering the radioactive sub
stances of Rad;othor, Mesothorium
and Protactinium.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
PUNISHMENT By Death'' Warning Gets
Order Restored In Palestine City
Tel Aviv Again Quiet
After Fatal Riots
Wednesday

TEL AVN, Palestine, Nov. IS
LAP - British parachute troops,
backing up a punishment by
death" warning to rioters and en-
forcing complete curfew, re-
stored order today to Tel Aviv after
outbreaks in which five persons
were killed and more than 100
wounded.
The dead were Jews. The injured
included Jews, British troops and
police.
A British off Ger blamed the
violence on a minority group"
and said that the people in general
were not violating the curfew. DR..
Israel Rockach, mayor of Tel Aviv,
appealed over the Palestine Radio
for discipline and observance of
the curfew.
Tonight the an-Jewish city WAS
outwardly calm as armored cars
patrolled deserted streets.
Jerusalem remained quiet dur
ing the day, but the coastal city OF
Haifa was placed out of bounds to
troops On leave and armed soldiers
were reported standing by.
While planes roared overhead,
the pistol-packing troops of the
Sixth Parachute Division poured
into Tel Aviv by truck, and by
pm. the streets were cleared.
British authorities had warned al
noon that unless civilians obeyec
the curfew order, issued after riot.
ing that started last night, "appro.
pirate military action" would be
taken in two hours.
The rioters had attacked govern.
ment property, stoned barricades
and. stormed several British build.
ings during the morning in def.
ance of the curfeW.
City streets were strewn with
rocks and stones, shattered glass
from broken windows and debris
from fires started by the rioters.
The death toll in last nights riot
ing was two killed and q wounded,
and in this mornings fresh out.
break three killed, 20 seriously :aurt
and a considerable number slight
ly wounded.
Wounded rioters were carried
off the streets at nearly one min
fContinued on Page Five: Col. ~
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
NATIONS CHIEFS OFFER ATOMIC
SECRETS WITH RESERVATIONS

WASHINGTON Nov. 15-U9-President Truman and
leaders of Britain
force to Russia the
Those conditions
That nations which get the atomic equally
snare scientific
new and terrible Of destruction nventes
X mat the United Nations devise world
means inspecting atomic to
the use OF the atom for purposes.
The conditions in sweepine declaration
atomic policy issued today by Truman,
Kenzie King of Canada.
lnls said the atomic bomb
be completely controlled only banshng scourge
to that ' - ~ -
short time before, the
ministers of Russia, France Chna-a permanent
of the United Nations Security Comcby Secretary
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
Government
Knew Spying
WasRampant
FOR MANY MONTHS
Tokyo Advised Day Before
Pearl Harbor OF "ln-
fluential" Talks
BY WILLIAM T. PEACOCK
APP Staff Writer

WASHINGTON, Nov. Is. -uf7-
The United States government was
translating Japan's coded messag'
es months before Pearl Harbor'
knew she was spying on Hawaiian
Philippine and other defenses, and
knew-well before the Dec. Z, 1871
raid on the Pacific base-that wal
was threatening.
Exhibits disclosed this officially
today when put before the Con-
gressional committee investigating
the disaster which plunged thl:
country into war and temporarily
broke the backbone of its Pacific
fleet. -.
The exhibits, consisting OF trans
lations of coded messages, also re-
vealed that Japanese ENJOYS In
Washington reported to Tokyo the
day before Pearl Harbor that they
had been working with "inhuen'
tial' individuals behind their from
tial negotiations" with President
Roosevelt and Secretary OF State
Hull. ,..
These influential individuals
were not named. An urgent" mes
sage sent to Tokyo stated:
''In addition to carrying out front
negotiations with the President and
Hull, we have worked directly and
indirectly through cabinet mem
bers having close relations with
the President and through individ-
uals equally influential (because OF
its delicate bearing on the State
Department, please keep this point
strictly secret.)"
ION the fourth" this message
said, chose engaged in plan "a
dined with the President and ad-
vised him against a Japanese
American war and urged him to
do the introducing at once between
Japan and China. However, the
President did not make known
what he had in mind.''
William D. Mitchell, the COM
mittee counsel, put the messages
into the record as the committee
moved haltingly through its first
Continued on Page Two; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
Buildings
Reduced To
Bubble Heap
BY ARTILLERY FIRE
$4,000 Nationalist Troops
Resisting Stubbornly
AT Soerabaja
BY LEFT ERICKSON

AZ StdlI Correspondent
BATAVIA, Nov. Is British
planes, tanks and artillery blasted
anew today at $4,000 Indonesians
resisting stubbornly in Soerabaja,
7hile the first attempt at negotia-
'ons between Premier Sultan
iahrfo's Indonesian cabinet and
e Dutch collapsed without ex-
snation.
The 123rd Indian Infantry Bril-
ade seized the justice and gov
eminent buildings yesterday in
bitter battle against Nationalist
using light automatic weapons,
machineguns and some armored
vehicles.
Public buildings and homes were
being reduced to rubble by the
fierce struggle in the Pava Naval
base.
Indian Infantry has been limited
to gains of mere yards in the heart
OF Soerabaja in the past three
lays. The British say they are
not using their full strength.
Associated Press correspondent
Vern Haughland in Soerabaja said
the Indonesians had at least IL
captured Japanese tanks, one of
which was knocked out in today's
fighting. The Dutch news agency
Aneta said Indonesians were get
ting the range and were dropping
shells from Japanese 75-millimeter
guns within 20 yards of British
vessels in Tandjungperak harbor.
The meeting between the Meth
erlands and Indonesian representa-
tives was cancelled at the last mo-
ment, Aneta said.
Youthful Sjahrir, with whom the
Dutch might negotiate, said he I'M
derStood it was the British who
cancelled the meeting, scheduled
at the home of 1t. Gen. Sir Philip
Christison, British commander in
the East Indies.
Netherlands officials said they
were not at liberty to state why
the meeting had been cancelled.
The British promised "a full state.
ment" tomorrow.
Hubertus Won Nook, acting gov
ernor-general of the Netherlands
East Indies, scheduled a news con-
ference for 5 p. M, tomorrow Is
a. M, Eastern Standard Time.)
Sjahrir, described as a mod
crate" issued a pamphlet today
for the Indonesians in which he
deplored Japanese influence on his
people causing hatred for foreign
ers. He urged establishment of a
democratic regime which would
cooperate Fundamentally with
capitalism for re-esta blishm ent
of the industries of the country"
A British official summary on
the fighting in Soerabaja said one
Raj Mosquito plane knocked out
four machinegm positions. 1t
added that the British had nego-
tiated with Indonesian cabinet rep
resentatives in Batavia on provid-
ing medical treatment to Indone-
sian women and children refugees
in British-held areas of Soerabaja.
Haugland, from the top of the
Continued on Page Eleven; Col. -
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
Comm unists
Strike Blow
At Shantung
ROTH SIDES SPAR
chinese Government Gets
Partial Sovereignty
In Manchuria

cH1rNGKING, Nov. 15-(R-
partial Chinese sovereignty over
"anchuria was restored by the
pnssians today as both sides In
China,s civil war unanswered for
aosition in strategic Shantung
pprovince to the south.
An official dispatch said the Rus
SLAMS turned over postal and tele-
aranhic services at the Manchur-
ian capital of Changchun to Chi
nose authorities, whose troops still
.re blocked from the long Japa-
nese-dominated area by Chinese
Communists.
The official account added that
under the agreement-one OF those
sought by Chungking in its at
ismpts to reoccVpy Manchuria
ahead of the Communicative
Russians would be allowed to use
tbe facilities until they withdraw,
probably some time next month.
There still was no word on the
o,tcome of Russian-Cninese nego-
tiations foe permission to fly Ma
tionalist troops to Changchun.
But while the Manchurian situa-
+on took more favorable Ma.
tlonalist turn, the Chinese Com
munists struck swiftly in the rich
coastal province of Shantung.
Associated Press correspondent
Richard Berholz reported they
ripped up sections of the railway
leading into the interior in an at
tempt to seal off thousands of Ma
tionalist troops landing from the
sea at the big port of Tsingtao.
The Communist troops, accept
ing the challenge to their strong
positions in the province, struck
less than IL hours after the first
Of the Nationalist Eighth Army's
well-armed troops went ashore
from American ships at Tsingtao,
finest port in North China.
They raided Liuting Air Field,
Il miles north OF Tsingtao, but this
proved diversion while their
troops were tearing up the tracks
Continued on Page Two; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
WITNESSES TELL
OF DEATH PICKS

MANILA, Nov. IS up -Four
hundred residents of the towns of
Polo and Obano in Bulacan pro-
vince, just north of Manila, were
selected for death at the hands of
Japanese by mysterious, hooded
informer called 1.-THE Magic Eye"
a witness testified at the war
crimes trial of 1t. Gen. Tomoyuki
Yamashita today.
Mrs. Felicidad Manuel, mother of
two of the victims, said twenty
truck loads of Nipponese troops,
supported by two tanks and a num-
Der of bloodhounds, surrounded the
villages on Dec. II, 1914, and
paraded the inhabitants past the in
former.
AS each passed, a silent nod or
shake of the hooded head settled
the fate of the individual.
The witness said she was unable
to find her two sons, who had been
marked for death, in the piles of
dead at the local cemetery when
she searched the next day. They
had been executed in the Polo
municipal building.
Mrs. Manuel admitted under de-
Tense cross-examination that gueril-
las had been very active in the
area.
Earlier, Master Sgt. Richard
Sakakida, a Hawaiian born Nisei
who was captured by the Japanese
on Corregidor and later made a
civilian interpreter in Yamashita's
Baguio headquarters, testified that
in one month 1900 persons, includ-
ing at least six Americans, were
executed by the Japanese at Ma
ni1a's north cemetery.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
RED CROSS GROUP
AFTER 0'C0NN0R

NEW YORK. Nov. 15-(P-Mrs.
Eugene Meyer, wife of the pub
Usher of the Washington Post, said
today "reactionary" element in
the Red Cross had as it's objective
bureaucratic power rather than
service to mankind
Mrs. Meyer, writer and lee
turer on social problems, told a
New York Regional Red Cross
conference:
Unless you see to it that your
progressive leadership is upheld,
the Red Cross can easily become a
menace to the progress of demo-
cratic ideas and their effective
implementation."
She said one faction saw the
need for a "revaluation Of values
in the light Of social conditions
and evolving contemporary needs"
but that another element clings
with desperation to the worship
Of entrenched power and Of GER
tain authoritarian ideas"
Mrs. Meyer said efforts were
being made to GUST Red Cross Di-
rector Basil O'Connor ION the
theory that he is too friendly to
labor"
Discussing what she called in
stances of 1.-The die-hard psychol-
ogy of leaders who would rather
wreck the Red Cross than see it
become democratic, she said a
distorted version had besn pre-
scented Of the relationship between
labor and the Red Cross.
She said an agreement whereby
the Red Cross paid costs of CLIO
and AFL labor unions in raising
funds for the welfare agency was
AN honorable and business-like
agreement which raised $50, 000,-
900 for the Red Cross last year.
'Those relations are based upon
an honorable and business-like
agreement which does credit both
to the Red Cross and the labor or
CARNATIONS. Yet for devious pur-
poses this contractual relationship
has been painted to the public as
stain on the otherwise untarnish-
ed reputation of the Red Cross and
an unpatriotic act on the part OF
the labor unions"
She said the AFL and CLIO
proved they could act together
when the welfare of the country
is involved by agreeing in 1912
with Community War Chests to
collect at least one hours pay a
month from union members.
Then came the eternal problem
of the separate Red Cross drive.
(Continued on Page Two; Col. A.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
WRIGHTSYILLE FIRM
ASKS PERMITS FOR
RIVER DREDGING

Application has been made by
the Wrightsville Marine Sales and
Service, Inc, for a permit to
dredge approximately 10000 cubic
yards of material for commercial
purposes from the Cape Fear riv-
er, it has been revealed by the
Wilmington office of the U. S..
Army Engineers.
Site of the operation will be the
east side of the river about six
miles below Wilmington and no
closer than 1900 feet from the ship
channel.
The material dredged will be de-
posted on a tract of land on the
east bank of the Cape Fear which
has been leased by the corpora
ton.
Objections to the proposed work,
if any, will be received by the
Engineers office until November
"a.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
DECAULLE FACING
COMMUNIST RIFT
By HERBERT v. KING

CHteu TIcSS StdIl SOIICspOAuCAt
PARIS, Nov. 15-The seething
antagonism between Gen. Charles
De Gaulle and the French Com
munist party flared into the open
tonight over Communist demands
for key cabinet posts and a strong
possibility arose that De Gaulle
might resign if he was unable to
carry out his intention Of forming
a coalition government.
The Communists said De Gaulle
had rejected their demand for one
Of the three major cabinet PORT
folios-1nterior, Foreign Affairs or
War-and threatened to withdraw
from the governme unless their
demands were met.
The Communist threat apparent
ly stymied De Gaulle's negotia-
lions over formation of a govern
ment. The negotiations had been
reported going smoothly and some
mformants predicted De Gaulle
would complete his cabinet tonight
The blunt Communist protest
sad De Gaulle had wounded their
minor as Frenchmen and outraged
me memory of Communists who
oled for France.
lie Gaulle replied within an huor,
making public a curt note DENYING
me charge and pointing out that he
nag asked the Communists to take
a large share in the government
WI mat ne strictly reserved the
Hsht to name his own cabinet.
l renew my offers to you and
msehtly request your specific
answer De Gaulle replied.
Communist leader immediate.
y replied to De Gaulle, demanding
W .lsd1 me Communists receive one
VI Inc three cabinet posts.
1t was recalled that last week
t a.e communists backed down al
d he last minute on an ultimatum
aet ma lol a left-wing program as
c. vonoltlon for their voting for De
Nq n1 as chief of the government.
,ia ne Gaulle, newly-elected Provi.
Lnal PRESIDENT, had made il
ouor That he would not preside
a ao' any but national coalition
government.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16

FORT WORTH, Tex. Nov. 15-
R-The Baptist general conven'
ton of Texas today leveled critl-
cism at President Truman for
what it asserted was his attitude
toward gambling and drinking.
The convention, on motion OF the
Rev. L. L. Roloff, Corpus Christi,
instructed trustees of all Texas
Baptist colleges and universities
not to confer an honorary degree
on persons holding ito such po'
sition.'
The resolution:
because of the reported atti-
tude of the President of the United
states as a Baptist toward gam
bling and drinking and because Of
the Invitation of Baylor University
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
OPA Again Postpones
Auto Price Statement

WASHINGTON, Nov. IS - P)-
Acceding to dealers demands, the
OPA today again postponed an
nouncement of price ceilings for
new automobiles.
Price Administrator c s t r
Bowles had said previously that
ceilings on some makes of new
cars would be made public today.
The postponement, the second in
a week, is to permit OPA to ex-
anime new financial information
submitted by dealers to the House
Small Business committee, the
Agency said in a statement.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
Texas Baptists Criticize
Truman On PokerAttitude

to confer upon him the high recog-
milton of a honorary degree,
move that we +astruct the trustees
of all our colleges and universities
not to confer any honorary degree
on those holding to such a posi-
tion.'
The resolution was adopted by
the convention without opposition.
At Waco, Pat M. Neff, President
of Baylor, replied mo comment"
when told of the resolution.
mo Baptist school should con-
fer a degree on man who likes
his poker and drinks his bourbon,
the Rev. W. L.. Shuttleworth,
CONTINUED ON Page Five; Col. -
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
FIGHT DEPRESSION

LONDON, Nov. IS P)-Labor
Minister George Isaacs said to-
night the Labor government would
fight depression by expanding or
cutting its public works program
in accordance with general eco
nomic, trends. Isaacs said in a
s4,eech, that public works will be
adjusted upwards or downwards
in light of the latest information on
the prospective employment situa-
tion."
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16

WASHINGTON. Nov. Is - ~
Gen. Dwight D Eisenhower told
Congress today there is hope for
perpetual peace, but America
should keep her young men trained
for war lest she be left defense
less and naked before a future
enemy"
A years peacetime training for
every youth of 10 is imperative"
for the safety Of the nation, the
five-star European commander
testified to the House Military
committee.
IF l didn't have hope for peace
I wouldn't be here-I would have
jumped out of my plane over the
Atlantic the General declared.
But. he said, hope isn't enough.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
Eisenhower Makes Plea
For Peacetin1e Training

The next aggressor will smash
first at the United States from far
away, he said. 1--WE will not have
time to train units before we are
faced with the final issue Of de-
feat or victory"
Eisenhower wouldn't say who he
thought the next aggressor-if
there is one-might be. In answer
to questions by Rep. Thomas
.R-ND, he said:
Britain will never go, to war
against the United States.
Russia has mot the slightest
thing to GAIN by attacking this
nation and moreover I'm con-
Continued on Page Five; Col. -
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
WEATHER
10 Eastern Standard Time)
ny U. S, Weather Rureau'

10 Eastern Standard Time)
Mo,oy U. S. Weather Bureau)
endinr o1rodloglcal data for the "a hours
''5o p. m. yesterday.
Ian Temperatures
''so pm. 4a. ''' a'"' n; l:So pm. ol'
NormaHatIn IN 50; Minimum As; Mean 40;
In Humidity
''SO pm. IS. ' Gill; 90 ''o p'ih' '''
tFror. Tides For Today
S. Com ic,n the Tide Tables published by U
Wil nIsst and Geodetic Survey =
-is'on $50 6:42 am. 1:23 am
Masonho 7:10 pm. 1854 pm
inlet 4:3O am. 1851 am
Snp,;, 4:57 pm. IL IA pm
Moonn,sse 6:46 am; Sunset :o8 D m.
''se $50 pm; Moonset 800 am.
"On'lnued on Page Two; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16
CASTER ARRESTED

LUDWIGSBURG, Germany, Nov.
15.-(P-Lieut. Gen. Carl Caster,
believed to have been German
military governor of Paris at one
time, was caught in raid on a
house within block of the Ger
man police statisn of this town, it
was announced today.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16

Continued on Page Two; Col. 4,
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-16

North Carolina-Fair and warmer Fri.
day. Saturday partly cloudy and mild.
Evening star., 1945-08-27
on THE AR IoNIeNT

on the AIR TONIGHT.
W0P. 7:i5-Hsdds Hopper returns.
WRt, SS00-Ths "csvakade Of Ansrits"
dramas return with Burgess Mrsdifh In q stony
Of the geoIogists who thahsd German.held
Normandy before D day.
WoP. S:oo-Bob Hope and Diana Lynn
appear.
Evening star., 1945-08-27

WINK, S:30-A Soviet Union official dis.
susyss trade unions In his country.
M0P. 9:00-cIaudetts Colbert snd Ray
hlIlsnd In Practically yours."
MN. 9:00-karioris Lswsntss songs In.
dude Adams The Holy City,"
M0p. i0:o0-Braa DenIeY and Akin
Tsmiroif In The Great kcGinty"
Evening star., 1945-08-27

VOL, tG45-cAA Chairman |. Welth pogue
reports on Aviation and the Peace"
w. ii:30-"Libs1sIs In Chang Kai.shek's
Camp"
VOL. fi,30-A new series Of talks by
Issdey in industry. WpB Chairman krus
speaks TONIGHT.
Evening star., 1945-08-27

Ldsf-1ntn1te changes IN
radio programs some
times reach The Star too
Evening star., 1945-08-27

PICKS sW1NNERs-Helen Comp
ton, daughter Of the AveriI|
Comptons. shown at the rocss.
Miss Compton picks winners
ir beauty preparations, too -.
credits Admiration Foomy
Shampoo for her soft ond1ust-
rous hoir. "Once you try
Admiration" she says, You'll
never be satisfied with any
other kind. Itwos q lucky day
for me when | first discovered
Admiration Shompool Now,
| IwouIdn't be without i'll"