davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-08-26
BY Frank I. Weller,
Associated Press Staf Writer

Capt. Ellis Mark Zacharias of the
United States Navy is the fellow who
you may have thought was bunch of
firecrackers If you heard him on the
short waves telling the Japs that the
Jig is up. He was on the air IA times
between We day and vi day.
This is what he first told them, in
their own language, and what he be-
lieves was heard on Japan's $4,000 900
radio sets:
Japan has already lost the war. Only
unconditional surrender can bring you
peace and prosperity. Your opportunity
to think over these facts is rapidly pass
ing.
Can you possibly believe that by
prolonging the war, and thereby i'm
posing added sacrifices on your nation.
we shall become more lenient toward
you? Let me remind you that there
are no Americans who feel that the
task is too great or the cost too high
to insure complete victory.
Tried to Prevent 1t
IT have been chosen I" to inter-
pref for you the true meaning of events
now shaping up because for 20 years
in both your country and my own,
have acted as friend =" and have
done everything in my power to pre-
vent the catastrophe which already has
begun to envelop your homeland.
Those among you who know me per-
sonally, and there are many in the
highest places, will confirm this fact.
have fought against your armed forces,
but I believe those of you who have
known me personally will trust me to
tell the truth"
And with that, the captain started
laying it on the line in broadcasts
beamed hour after hour for San Fran
cisco, Hawaii and Saipan. American
warplanes showered millions of copies
of his talks down on Japan in leaflets.
Domei. official Jap news agency, used
TO quote him, and he says there seems
no doubt civilians were permitted to
listen to him.
They tell you around here that
"Zach," in his nice, quiet way, possibly
threw more weight for Uncle Sam in
psychological warfare than Tokyo Rose,
Berlin's. Lord Haw-Haw and Rome S
Axis Sally combined.
Capt. Zacharias, distinguished ma
val oficer who commanded the heavy
cruiser Salt Lake City and the battle
ship New Mexico in major South Pa
cific engagements, appealed to the COM
mon sense Of the common man.
Rose, Haw-Haw and Sally just got
laughs.
Our boys in England used to listen
for Haw-Haw and Sally. because they
played about all popular dance music
they heard.
Just Reminding Them
Capt. ZaeharIas told the Japs:
Admiral Yonai will recall our many
conversations after his return from
Russia as language ofncer.
Admiral Kichisaburo Nomura will re-
member my frank discussions, both in
Japan, when Admiral Nagano often at
tended, and on his way to Washington
bassador).
"Mr. Kurusu will know my regret in
the loss Of his son, who as young
boy often patted on the head.
"Your Premier Admiral Baron Suzuki
may remember our meeting when he
Was chief OF the naval general staff
Ny impression Of him was fully con-
Armed by his recent sympathetic state.
ment regarding our loss in the death
q Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
Evening star., 1945-08-26

materials. Most of the new synthetic
rubber plants are in the South as are
many OF the cord fabric mills. If the
companies return to the use of large
quantities of natural rubber, water
transportation, which Is cheap in COM
parison with rail or truck, will take
crude rubber almost to the doors Of a
number Of southern plants.
The automobile made Akron the
worlds rubber capital. Although B. r.
Goodrich, aided by 10 Akronites who
subscribed ST. 900 each to help him erect
his factory, was first on the scene, others
quickly followed because then aApool of
skilled labor was available However,
the immediate success of the industry
was far from astounding and for many
years Akron's principal industries con.
tinued to be farm implement manufac.
ture and milling.
The Rubber Boom
But in the early years of the Goth
century came the development of the
automobile. Tfree-fourths OF the mod.
ern city is result of the rubber boom
between 1910 and 1920 when an ever
increasing horde of car owners wanted
tires and more tires. During this period
the city's population scared from &C.
900 to 100000 and Akron became the
center of an industrial area in which
$4,000 persons lived and worked, pro-
ducing $500 100000 worth of goods an
nually.
This pace. only slightly slackened,
was maintained throughout the golden
twenties but. with the depression Of
the l93os. the rubber industry hit bot
tom. Thousands of men were laid OF.
hours slashed and more labor-saving
machinery installed. Unionization fol-
lowed.
Not until 1899 when the companies
began . 100000 modernization pro-
gram were decade Of gloomy predic.
tions about the city's future reversed.
Akron won't give up her crown with
out fight The question-what to
do about it?-has became political
issue. A lot OF work and worry have
gone into studies of the problem but 70.
suits thus far have been negligible.
Akron civic leaders hope other types
Of production win absorb the manpower
and factory space vacated by tire build-
ing. and plastics looks like their best
bet.
Evening star., 1945-08-26
Speeded Up TeMakng Industry Now Spread Over Many Cities

The $4,000 900 program announced
in 1s43 provided for new plants in Waco,
Tex; Topeka, Kan; Miami, Okla: Des
Moines, Iowa, and additions to existing
facilities in Akron, Los Angeles and
Memphis, Tenn. In 1914, an additional
$4,000, 900 program called for new plants
at Tuscaloosa. Ala; Nashville, Tenn;
Pottstown, Pa; Houston, Tex; Chatta-
nooga, Tenn, and expansion of Topeka
and Gasden, Ala, facilities.
Big Competition Coming
AS result of recent survey the
Akron Beacon Journal said that not
Evening star., 1945-08-26

only will there be enough postwar tire
production facilities outside Akron to
fill the entire national demand. but that,
by moving to factories In lower wage
production cost areas. the rubber COM
panies are preparing for postwar re-
sumption Of their bitter competition for
retail tire business. It was pointed out
that the three-to-tive boom years ex-
pected after the war will be . sellers
market in which the companies can
ready their production and distribution
machinery. Then as the demand levels
off they can be ready for price slashing
without sacrificing profits.
Evening star., 1945-08-26

The new plants were constructed for
more efhcient operation than the huge
multistoried buildings typical of Akron;
they were erected In areas where labor
costs are considerably less. In the big
Southern concentration - M m p h Is,
Nashville, Chattanooga, Gadsden, Tus-
caloosa-cheap power probably rivaled
low-wage labor as an attraction since
important changes in rubber manufac-
ture which viii require huge amounts
Of power are certain to be in the picture
soon.
These plants are much closer than
Akron to sources of the industry's raw
Evening star., 1945-08-26
BY Paul s. Underwood
Associated Press star Writer

AKRON, Ohio-World War II has
foreshadowed the end of Akron's reign
as the tire-making capital of the world.
1t was born Of the rubber industry
which had its beginnings here In 1870,
when DR.. Benjamin Franklin Goodrich
yielded to the allure of a civic booster
pamphlet and moved his hose and belt
ing factory from Merose, N. Y. 1t
struggled through lean years into one
of the Nations greatest industrial booms,
plummeted almost to the rocks in the
1s3os, then won new prosperity with
the birth of motorized war
That's the same war that has cracked
Akron's grip. With United States entry
into the conflict, the Government spon-
sored a vast expansion program and
centered it outside of Akron, because of
the critical labor situation here.
New Plants Widely Scattered
Now there are enough new plants and
equipment scattered through the South,
Southwest and Middlewest to put Akron
in secondary role so far as tire build
ing is concerned.
This is not saying that Akrons fac
tories will close their gates now that
Japan has fallen, nor even in the near
future. Rubber experts generally agree
that every tire machine in the country
will be needed to- supply demand for
three. to five years after the war
Even beyond that, the city expects to
retain the executive ofdces. the labor
atories and many manufacturing depart
ments. But lower operating, labor and
distribution costs will pull tire-building
to the new plants.
Six Huge Companies
Akron has six rubber companies
Goodyear Tire & Rubber, Firestone
Tire q Rubber, B. F. Goodrich, Gen.
eral Tire & Rubber, Seiberling Rub
ber and Mohawk Rubber-which, In the
peak year of 1941 produced almost half
OF the II, 600 truck, O,392 900 pas
senger car and 10000 airplane tires
manufactured in the United States.
These companies. also producing gas
masks, self-sealing gasoline tanks. tank
treads, airplane de-icers, hose, betting,
padding and hundreds Of other items,
were unable to keep pace with wars
Unsuitable demand for tires. So. ex-
pansion was ordered from Washington.
Evening star., 1945-08-26

and operating airplanes. Mr.. Hughes
had the know how" and more import
antly, the engineers the shipbuilder
could not find elsewhere. Then, Mr..
Hughes had been advocating plywood
planes, and that fitted well the order
given Mr.. Kaiser by the brass hats
to build his planes OF some material
Evening star., 1945-04-08

ming in the Chevy Chase Presby-
terian Church. The candlelight
service was performed at $50 O'Clock
by DR.. Donald Lee Leonard.
The bride was given IN marriage
by her grandfather, Mr.. William j..
Dow, and wore a white satin gown,
a tulle veil and carried spring flowers
centered with a white orchid.
Mrs Robert ]. Fair was the matron
of honor and she wore a gown OF
pink marquisette and carried nose
gay of spring blossoms. The other
attendants were Mrs. William r.
Carlo, sister Of the bride; Mrs. Paul
F. Groomes, sister Of the bridegroom,
and Miss Elizabeth Wells. They
wore blue marquisette dresses and
carried bouquets like that Of the
matron of honor.
Mr.. Paul F.. Groomes, U. 8. NJ, was
best man and the ushers were Mr..
w. Thomas Kent, Mr.. William Lar
son and Mr.. William r. Carlo, all
of the Marine Corps.
A reception for close friends fol-
lowed at Wardman Park Hotel.
Both the bride and bridegroom at
tended George Washington Univer-
sity and the latter also was STU
dent at Penn State College.
Evening star., 1945-04-08
Weddings
Continued From Page B-3.

and the ushers included 1t. Basil
Cannon, 1t. Everett Lester, 1t.
Ernest Payne and 1t. Harry Worth
am, all of the Marine Corps.
After the reception at the home
Of the brides parents, 1t. and Mrs.
Hayes left for their welding trip.
He is graduate Of the University
of Florida and his bride attended
George Washington University. He
Is based at Quantico, where they
will make their home.
Miss Eleanor Margaret Daley,
daughter of Col. and Mrs. Raymond
Daley Of Fort Myer, became the
bride last evening Of It. Arthur w.
Dana, jr., son of Capt. A. w. Dana,
U. S. c. G. r. and Mrs. Dana Of
Lakewood, Ohio.
The wedding took place in the
Fort Myer Chapel, where white roses
and ferns made an attractive setting
for the o'clock ceremony, at which
the Rt. Rev. j. Stephens Of st.
Mary's Catholic Church in Alexan-
dria oficiated. Maj. R. MCGUIRE
played the wedding music.
Escorted by her father, the bride
wore a dress of white net and satin,
clusters of orange blossoms holding
her veil of illusion in place, and she
carried bouquet Of white roses.
Mrs. George T. Pitts, jr., was
matron of honor for her sister and
was costumed in gold brocade taf-
feta. Her headdress was a bandeau
Of American Beauty roses and she
carried a bouquet Of spring flowers.
Miss Joan May, Mrs. M. A. Veigel,
Miss Betty Joe McNarney and Mrs.
James F. Turner were the other at
tendants. They were dressed like
the matron Of honor and also car
ried spring flowers. Aqua taf1eta was
worn by Margaret Anne Burns, who
served as flower girl.
1t. Richard H. Cummings Of
Springfield, Mass, was the best man
and the ushers were Maj. George
T. Pitts, jr., of Beverly, Mass; Capt.
H. Poggemeyer, U. S. M. c., Of
Leavenworth; 1t. Walter w. Seifert,
U. S. NJ, of Lakewood and Capt. L..
B. Clarke.
The bride attended Holy Cross
Academy and Dunbarton College and
1t. Dana is a graduate of the Case
School of Applied Science. He and
Mrs. Dana left after the reception,
which was held in the Fort Myer
Hop Hall, for their wedding trip and
on their return they will make their
home at 5000 Connecticut avenue.
The marriage of Miss Doris Mae
Court, daughter of Mr.. and Mrs
O. P. Court, to Mr.. J. Harry Power,
Marine Corps, son of Mr.. and Mrs.
Roger c. Power, took place last eve
Evening star., 1945-04-08

Mrs. Carl @. Woerner and her
children Of Chicago are visiting her
mother-in-law, Mrs. Otto e. Woer-
ner.
Mrs. Albert Newfield of Hartford,
who spent the winter in Hollywood,
Fla, with Mr.. Newfield, is visiting
here en- route to her home.
Mrs. Arthur Marks, jr., and two of
her sons Of Woodmere, Long Island.
visited MIR. and Mrs. Arthur Marks
over Easter.
Evening star., 1945-04-08
Visitors Here

Mr.. and Mrs. Louis De Garmo Of
Stamford, Conn.,, are the guests Of
their cousin, Mrs. Morris Simon.
Mrs. Mark Bensinger, who has
been in Richmond with 1t. Ben
singer and their two children, spent
several days here during the week.
Mrs. Ira Berman of New York is
visiting her sister, Mrs. Helen Bry-
lawski.
Evening star., 1945-04-08

The engagement OF Miss
Anna Pruitt to Mr.. Raymond
Kern is announced by her par
entS, Mr.. and Mrs. E. B. Pruitt.
Mr.. Kern is the son OF Mrs.
Pauline Kern and the late Mr..
George Kern OF ADondale, Md.
The vedding will take place
in the fall.
Harris & E1Uing Photo.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-07-20

For the record: Negroes have
gone into the army, the navy, the
air force, the marines, and the
coast guard, and have performed
every task assigned to them. It
was Negro labor that built the
world-famed Ledo Road. It is Ne
gro labor that is responsible for
most of the construction on the air
fields from which successful at
tempts were launched to drive the
Japanese from Burma. Negroes
built airfelds and roads and main
tanned them all the way from
Alaska to Calcutta, all the way
from Normandy deep into the heart
of Germany. Some fought and are
still fighting and losing their lives
in the air, on the water and on the
ground. Some are still driving
trucks on long 24-hour schedules,
thankless jobs with no relief in
sight. All for what? To be in
suited and derided by a big
blabber-mouth from Mississippi
like Eastland who might have Ne
gro blood in him for all he knows,
and everything said above applies
equally to blabber-mouth Bilbo
whom many Negroes suspect has
his share of black blood.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-07-20
Lest We FORGET


July II will be the anniversary explosion
Port Chicago, California Over
bits in that explosion The CHASTITY job of cleaning bits of
human flesh strewn the countryside
Negro sailors who fortunate
horrors of
Few without battle experience have upon
endure such experience and then
who survived this disaster charged with
Over half of them were under 81 years of
The segregated policy the Navy pryed heavily
during all the of their service They constantly themselves
these questions Why only Negroes
Why the white Port Chicago jobs? Why
almost impossible for Negro Why
most the Port Chicago still though
lot of them had been there for had
ratings? Why there few Negro petty Oficers?"
The muny charge against these
and unfair about from Navy officer bungng
thing ee Once they had their foot it, these boys raroaded
with almost reckless abandon.
The trial against these so lasted only 45 minutes Ten
sentenced Is prison; II to 10 years. IL
years; and to years.
Their being reviewed Advocate
of the United States Navy which will later before the
the Navy.
In view of the facts this would be
all of these freed The Navy whose policy undergone
big change from the early days of this well
first charging these with muty per-
hitting their trial under conditions that
Cal-Post.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-07-20
Let's Get Busy on Permanent FEPC

that the achoes of democracy have been beaten in their
kill the fair employment practices committee let help
fight by pressing relenessy for permanent FEPC
petition House Representatives which needed
House vote FEPC
the Minnesota Congressman had
signed the petition.
of these Congressman whose
H. Andersen August Andren j. P OHara Walter judd
W. Ptenger Not only must the individual ct
these FEPC and the
charge petition should also send similar
addition should labor union
nationality make known Congressman
believes the principles fair employment practices
these Minnesota Congressman completely unaware
public opinion by daily of the met
ropotan heartily in favor of permanent FEPC
papers the Twin Cities has edtoriay supported
the legislation.
Fair Employment Practices in Wash
c. plugged by dynamic Anne Hedgeman product
borne the brunt the recent fight to keep the
alive that partial victory has been
and important fight to establish
permanent agency by legislation.
Council for Permanent FEPC plans to raise $4,000
national fund This amount be raised by $40
citizens believe that
should denied opportunity for employment account of
creed color.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-07-20
Progress In War Years
Cited By Writer

gains within our own fold. We
have become, to a small degree,
conscious of our own deficiencies
and have begun to recognize the
necessity of self-improvement.
We have taken a firm toe-hold
in the political affairs of nine
pivotal States and our political fu-
ture hangs prophetically full before
US.
We have been entrusted with and
have assumed, with success, many
new responsibilities. A simple
case in point is the responsibility
of the motorman and bus driver
for the safety of his passengers.
This means new confidence and new
prestige.
We will be the beneficiaries of
slum clearance and improved
housing. Thousands of our war vet
Grams will gain the opportunity for
education and training at the ex-
pense of Uncle Sam. Therefore,
this writer maintains and contends
that now is not the time to be mop
ing and sulking, because we do not
seem to have won a respectable
peace out of the war.
We should be Cup and at 'em"
with our new powers and vigor.
This writer stated four years ago
that we had stake in the war
with Germany, Italy and Japan.
1t was worth fighting for. We have
fought. We have a stake to win
in the peace. It is also worth fight
ing for. The brains, the Drawn
and the wealth that we have ac-
quired should be employed in an
about movement. We say, "up
and at 'em."
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-07-20
Go Slow on Property

called attention the preVaen
the real business We cautioned Negroe
acuey housing shortage the exoban
prices being charged Twin Cities In
uy number of Hapers titled Don't Get Stuc
points the dangers of buying hous
this time
The Harpers article says n its opening paragraph
the few years many unwary home-buyers, in
GLIDING returning going to endanger their
financial futures bought haste will provide unhappy
places which repent at lesure the buyer will
move slowly will discount many of the gaudy claims that
ownership is the ure-fre to get good housing at
will consider only the needs of his
probable future needs. He will appraise the
cial dangers buying present hectic market He will
only after he has considered all the
which his housing problem be met
which this abnor
purchased reasonable figure There ndi
vdua building associations and the FILA who interested
selling property other than nfaonary profits
property should slow however, and hee
the warning Don't Stuck with House"
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-07-20
BIRTHDAY GREETINGS

Birthday greetings in Minneapolis: July
22-Mrs. ]. R. Collins, 1920 Fourth Ave.
July 2S-E. L Escue, 1924 Fourth Ave.
So; Beulah Green, 1O2s1a Olson Highway
July 24-Cecil Adair, Hos AIdrich Ave
No.; Russell Underwood, 1920 Fourth Ave.
So; Patricia Dawson, 37l5 Fourth Ave.
So. July 25-Cecil E. Newman, 1900
Portland Ave; Earnestine Young, 912
Fifth Ave. No; July 26-Mrs. E. v. Mar
shall, 1889 Elliot Ave-; July 27-AIice
Swain Young, 524 Emerson Ave. No. JuIy
zS-Clltton II. Hoard, 1916 Fifth Ave. So.
July 29-Mrs. G. McRutledge. 2IIO 18th
Ave So; Mrs. Burie Carmichael, ST.. 242I
Fourth Ave- So; Bonistelle. 428 Colfax
ave. NO: LaVera Smith Robbins, 1925
Fourth Ave. So; Mrs. Clarence Under
wood, 1872 Fourth Ave. So. July 3O-Mrs.
Nell Dodson Russell, 1920 Smelling; E. w.
walls 1892 Fourth Ave. So. Elsie Smith.
1854 Clinton Ave; July 31-Mrs. Rem
Atniee&ander' 1929 Columbus; Lucille Shaw,
lO42 Bryant Ave. No.
>, Belated greetings: Clyde Hatcher. 2e17
Brisco. 1881 Bryant Ave, No. inv
Leroy Martin, Jr., 1928 Fifth Ave, So.
July l6-Mrs. Maude S. Watkins. 1924 18th
Ave. So. -0'-i
Out-of-town greetings: July 24-Pfc
Leon Biles, U. S. Army; July 25-Sgt.
Charles McCadden, U. S. Army and July
SO-Cpl; Gardner Springfield, U. s. Army
Arthur Hill, Jr., $50 Iglehart; Louise
| Brown, 287 N. st. Adams July 23-Faus-
tina Robinson, 100 St. Anthony; Mrs.
Courtney Hilyard, 1872 St. Anthony; July
24-Rev. Floyd Massey, Jr., 719 St. An
| thony; July 25-James Williams, 1926
| Rondo; Eugene Preston Hill, $50 Iglehart :;
July ga. R. North, 4S5 Rondo; Mr..
L. r. Seaton, 686 Carroll; Ivan Duane Per-
| teet, S17 W. Central July 27-Ermon Jean
Owens, 4OS N. Western; Earl Weber, Jr.,
779 Carroll.
Out-of-town greetings to Mary S. Cook,
1913 Carroll Ave-, July &c.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-07-20
New York BEGINS It's FEPC Experiment

Of all this nation New York had the
pass FEPC bill Bearing the of the IvesQun Act
legislature guidance of Governor Thomas
Dewey, something eliminating discrimination
something rea
tionships
The FEPC bill into effect Monday July The commits
broad knowledge of inter
racial problems urban trends will maintain offices in New York
City, Albany and Buffalo.
give York credit for having enlightened egsa
the deceny tackle modern problem with
intelligence We congratulate Governor Dewey for his
leadership which small helped this legislation
regreabe that other had the character to take such
Ohio especially stands condemned backward state
for the acted when had opportunity to its own FEPC
law-CIeveand CalPost.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-07-20
Nothinq In Charter to Protect Colonials

section, which safeguard Jewish rights
nothing commend and much to depor in the
colonial The trueshp idea
for standard imperial
hardly the just aspirations for
see seveopment of 75OOOOOOO colonial and cood peo
colonial territories of the Axis
their security this takes of our Pacific
territory existing mandate is placed
depend entirely the
mandatory There provision for native
right appeal for the right of
investigation their The
peoples concerned is that
permitted foy colonial to levy
population the defense the empire which
this under the League
SYSTEM that they could legally they did do covery
Hardly a historic reform.-New Republic.