davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-02-16
PLANES OVER TOKYO MIN E HOURS TODAY
(Bg Associated Press ]

American carrier planes attack ing Tokyo kept coming over for nine hours today, Japanese broad casts stated tonight.
 The broadcasts predicted re- newed attacks tomorrow, portend- ing imminent invasion.
 The broadcast also says the Jima Islands were heavily bombarded today by at least 30 U. s. warships.
 No mention is made of the ex- tent of damage done by the mass surprise raid in any of today's broadcasts.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-02-16
SCHWAMM FLIES HERE

A Petersburg Air Service plane, piloted by Tony Schwamm, chief pilot for the company. arrived in Juneau today from that city with MT. and Mrs. Herbert Hilscher as passengers.
 On the southbound flight the plane took the following passen- gers to Wrangell: Neill Grant, George Sumption and Harold Maxi
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-02-16
GETS 30 DAYS

r Carl D. Watkins was sentenced to 30 days in jail this morning in City Magistrates Court on a charge of drunk and disorderly conduct.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-02-16
COUNCIL TO MEET

The second City Council meeting of the month of February will be held tonight at o'clock in the City Council Chambers. Routine business will be transacted.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-02-16
Name of hafAYihur isl
 Philippines Is Symbol
 0fSympatfy, Freedom
By JACK STTNNETT

WASHlNlJAON, teD. lb.-I InGfe is now and will be for some time unrest, stark hunger confusion and brutal banditry among the 18,O0o, 900 inhabitants of the Philippines.
 For two and half years tha Filipinos have been under the thumb of Japan They have been sub jeeted to propaganda. Some of their leaders have gone over to the ether side. There have been times when they must have felt that they had been deserted by the United States.
 In view of this, the little public ized words of Brig Gen Carlos P Romulo about what the Filipinos think of Gen Douglas Macarthur are enlightening. Romulo knows Macarthur almost as well as he knows his own people He was with him on Bataan and Corregidor. He went back with him to Leyte. Sol dier, statesman, newspaper man Romulo now is resident commission CT Of Philippines here. As such he is the spokesman for his people in the House of Representatives. Thus, he was not speaking for him self alone the other day, when, on the occasion of Gen. MacArthur's cEtl, l,i,fI,lou l,a cail.
 Today, Gen. MacArthur is back on Luzon. From Manila and back to Manila again, that was his pledge of faith to 13,000,OO0 Filipinos, and he is keeping that rendezvous.
 Whatever the rest of the world may have thought when Douglas MacArthur made that promise, I will return, in Filipino minds there was no misunderstanding They knew he would be back"
 It isn't easy for us here to un- derstand how the Filipinos feel about Macarthur. For 45 years, since his father was military govern or of the Philippines and granted the people the right to habeas cor pus while martial law still was in force in the islands, the name of MacArthur has been there a symbol of sympathy and freedom.
 After Douglas Macarthur had won his medals in World War I, and risen to that military peak of chief of staff of the United States Army, he went back to the Philippines to do the thankless and often ridicul- ed job of organizing Philippine army.
 Romulo says: "He had to meet with scoffers who spoke of the Philippine army as 'MacArthur's Boy Scouts, and who laughed at the
 (Continued on Page Four)
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-02-16
PETERSON HERE

B. II. Peterson. registered from Seattle, is a guest at the Baranof.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-02-16

Mexico has 22 ocean ports.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-10
But Koreans SoundIy Beot
Sons of Heaven in 1894
BY THOMAS A. BOYNTON
up Newsfeatures Writer

Before World War III, Japan
never was successfully invaded,
but Japanese who boast that
their country never has lost a
foreign war ignore the face that
sank a thousand ships.
The face-not that of beauti-
full Helen of Troy but of an ugly
turtle-was the steel battering
ram on the bows of the world S
first ironclad warships. With his
tortoise boats" the Korean Ad-
miral Yi-Sun Sin, with his IRON
clads, wrecked the Japanese
supply lines. The japanese sued
for peace.
Two years later, however, Hi
deyoshi came back in greater
force, destroying the bulk of the
Korean navy. Yi-Sun Sin join
ed forces with the Chinese fleet
and again nipped off the enemy's
supplies. Hideyoshi again re-
called his troops. The home
ward bound ships were inter-
copied by Yi-Sun Sins tortoise
boats, equipped with flame
throwers. Some 100000 Japan
csc were killed and hundreds OF
their vessels we're destroyed. So
sound was the deafeat that for
200 years no japanese was per-
mitted TO leave his home islands.
Mongolians supported by Chi
nese and Koreans, led by the
Mongol Kablai Khan, made in
vasion attempts in 1874 and
1881. Winds and high waves en-
quilted the ships and the invad-
ers were completely defeated.
The Japanese date their begin
ming from the accession of EN-
peror Jimmu Tenno in $50 B. {.
They say Emperor Hirohito is
his direct descendant.
Believed to have stemmed
from Asiatic and South Pacific
island people, the early Japan
csc were split into many hostile
clans as a result of conflict OF
religions. Shintoism, ance S t o r
worship, and Confucionism and
Buddhism. Feudalism also got
an early start.
There were three great politi-
cal changes in japanese history
the 7th century's Taika refor-
nation, the samurai shogunate
dictatorship which began in 1892
and the 1863 imperial restora-
ton by Meiji.
Under Taika's rule the samu-
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-10

the sane people there were kill
ed"
SELECT VICTIMS
He said that each morning the
surgeon director, the head keep
er and the nurse conferred on
who would be killed that day.
One assistant said the doctor
was regarded as kind man be-
cause il one of the victims
fought against taking the hypo
needle the surgeon would not
let the attendants beat him into
submission Hamilton recount
ed. "He just let the man 60
without food until he was too
week to object"
The gas chambers and crema-
torium were operated by SIS
men from Berlin, the investiga-
tors added.
MACABRE DETAIL
After their 10,0O0th killing
the IS men had drinking
orgy" Hamilton said. They
cleaned out the skulls of some
Of their victims and used them
as drinking cups. Townspeople
and former employees at the asy-
lum testified TO this"
He said some of the victims
were young children who were
half Jews"
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-10
Nozi Exeeufioners Drink Toosfs'
from the Skulls of Their Victims

Most of the victims appeared
TO be Russian men and women
workers who couldn't stand the
strain of hard work and little
food, the officers said. MANY
Poles and some Dutch were
killed, but there was no evil
dence 10 prove that Belgians or
French were slain.
The surgeon. confronted by
evidence and testimony on oper-
atoms of the murder factory,
was quoted by Capt. Hamilton
as saying; 81 have always been
a doctor of honor"
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-10
SGT. Bob Burke's
Ship Plunged
Into Adriatic

RICHMOND-Staff Sgt. Fran
els r (Bob) Burke, son Of MIR
and Mrs. F. Scott Burke, who
was reported missing in action
March 3, was aboard a US
Bomber that plunged into the
Adriatic sea, his parents were
informed today by their son s
commanding officer.
Sergeant Burke, a member of
the Richmond High school grad
uating class of 1910. was des-
cribed by his commander as "a
capable radio gunner and
the sort Of son of whom we
and you can feel proud"
The official communication
concerning the tragedy pointed
out that, enroute to a target
area. Sgt. Burke's ship collided
with another plane and only
one parachute was seen to leave
the bomber" The big war plane
returning airmen said. nosed in
to a steep dive terminating in
the waters of the Adriatic. The
message from Sergeant Burke's
commanding officer said that
rescue units failed TO find any
trace of crew members.
Sergeant Burke is % years OF
age and an only child. His faith
err is Macomb county probation
officer and Richmond police
chief.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-10

the sane people there were kill
ed"
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-10
Red Cross in Thick
Of 0kinawa Fighting

WASHINGTON, April 10 -
tP-The Red Cross reported to-
day that more than so of its
male workers, including Assist
ant Field Director William H.
Knowlton of Pleasant Ridge,
Mich, are with American in
vasion troops on Ikinawa Island.
Knowlton is one Of the ma
iority of workers who ARE as
sumed" TO be attached 10 the
10th Army Headquarters, the
Red Cross said.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-10
Auxiliary Firemen
10 CompIeie Course

Final session of the advanced
course in First Aid will be given
to members of the Auxiliary
Fire Department on Thursday at
their regular meeting at Shady
side Park at 7:l5 p. M, Capt.
Bert Lozen announced today
Fire:,an Kenneth Dubay is in
structor for teh group.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-10

hold, the samurai fought first
for the lords and then for power.
Both central and local govern
ments weakened.
Out of the shogunate, in power
for 685 years, came the aband-
onment of poygamous marriages,
wider trade with China, war
with the Mongolians, some Jap
anese migration, and broader
education. The lords grew
wealthy and Japanese pirates
plundered the Asiatic coast.
Samurai rule failed as inter-
national trade dwindled. In
1925 Japan was closed to for
eigners. Twelve years later, the
American ship Morrison, bring
ing home a shipwrecked Japan
csc crew, was bombarded and
forced to return to China with
out landing.
Foreign fleets then persuaded
Japan again to open her ports to
traders. English and French
agreements were signed in the
l840s. Russia was next. Then
came Commo. Perry and Coun-
sui General Townsend Harris
who gained trade and settlement
treaties. Later came Prussia,
Switzerland and Belgium. jap
an became world market.
When Emperor Meiji mounted
the throne in 1867, Japan headed
toward modernization. Mel i
seized all reins of government
from the shogunate. He moved
to Tokyo, removed class distinc-
ton, abolished feudalism and set
up a modern government, put
down rebellion, and sent COM
mission abroad TO study means
for establishing Japanese con-
stitution. But while making
Japan a world power, Meiji also
started the nation on the road
to conquest.
To drive the Chinese out of
Korea, he declared war on China
in 1894 and acquired Formosa,
the Boko Islands and Liaotung
peninsula In 1895 Japan sold
Liaotun gbock to China for As
million yen. China's indemnity
put Japan on the gold standard.
Under pressure Of an Anglo
japanese accord and U. S. decla-
rations, Russia had promised to
return Manchuria to China. In
stead, in 1908, she increased her
armies and fortified Port Arthur,
then invaded northern Korea
Japan attacked the next year,
defeating the Russian navy and
land forces. In the treaty, Jap
an assumed domination of Kor
ca and took the southern half Of
Saghalien. More important she
took the rights TO Russia's inter
ests in the Changchun railway
and coal interests in Manchuria
In 1905 Port Arthur was mode a
Japanese naval station.
Japan entered World War I
on the allied side but her par
ticipation was limited. She oc-
cupicd the Marshalls, Marianas
and Carolines-and held t.:em as
mandates after the war.
Japan's place as a first-rate
naval power was assured by the
World War. But Nippon was set
on controlling Asia. She in
vaded Manchuria in 1912 and
in 1888 quit the League Of Ma
tons, turning her back on the
Occident.
From then on, the path was
clear. The "China Incident"
growing out of night clash be-
tween Sino-Japanese forces at
the Marco Polo bridge July Z,
1897, sent the Japanese stream
ing into China from annexed
Manchukuo. When Germany
conquered France, Japan invad-
ed French Indo-China and pro-
claimed herself part of the
Rome Berlin Tokya axis. Y. S.
aid to. China was extended as
Japanese credits were frozen.
Economic strangulation" then
was given as Japan's excuse for
war.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-10
Cold Stops Census Takers

SPRINGFIELD. Mass.-(U.P-
The city of Springfield recently
hired Is city census takers. With
in two weeks every one of them
mad quit because of the snow
and cold weather.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-10
Japanese Main Islands Have Never Known Invasion


RAVENNA, o. - W.D - Two
Ravenna patrolmen turned cow
boy, rode the Ravenna range, and
finally apprehended two ponies
which had escaped from their
masters barn here.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-10
Stork Brings 80 Pigs

ROCKLAND. Me. - U.p) -
Three sows at the Rocklapd City
Farm recently gave birth TO lit
tiers Of eight, IL and 13 pigs,
respectively, on the same day.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-04-10
More Than a
Laxative Is Often

AlH1UA1U When y0o feki ON q en@
nervous and suffer iron
sWOO hcadaohes gss bloatinG. in
digestion and lack OF appetite. which may all b
due to FUNCTIONAL constipatson-get Fahrney's
ALPEN KRAUTER-the time proved sto-
mschic tonic medicine. Contain ls q Nature
own medicinal rccts. bcrbs and botansrala-
Caution; Use only NJ directed. Gently and
smootffy kLPEN KRAUTER puts sluggrsh
bowels to work and aids them to eliminate clog
ring waste. helps expel constipation's gD. givee
ths stomach that feeling Of warmth. Be Wis.,
comfort your stomach while relieving coostipn-
ton Get ALPEN KRAUTER today-kcO
say Fahrney agency. such ~:
SWAN PMAR MACY - BANkOw DRUG
COMPANY
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-05-04
More Missionary Work
Prom the WINNIPEG pres Press.


There IS q very Wide gulf, the Finan.
cial Post remarks between all the public
talk about sweeping away tariff barriers
after the war and the actual concessions
that individual groups are prepared
to make. And 1t rightly states that,
unless there is much more missionary"
work IN Canada, Britain and the United
States, there will be little actual lower
Ing OF tariffs That is likely to be true
and 1t is tor the general public In
Canada to recognize that the best and
only way to make this country pros
porous and to insure full employment
Is through the vigorous promotion Of
exports and imports. That would benedt
those In the primary industries and
Increase their demand for manufactured
products; the growing volume Of traflc
would beneht the transport workers and
others. As the country became mora
prosperous industries and their workers
could not fail to benefit. Our industries
have become much more efilcient now
and should be able to export. The coun.
try as whole would gain much from
. large increase in trade, and soon
every one would share In the more pros.
porous condition.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-05-04
A Wise Veto

President Truman's veto of legis.
lation on draft deferments for farm
workers, together with the promp,
action of the House in sustaining
him. eliminates the danger OF in.
jecting special privilege into oul
Selective Service System.
AS passed by Congress, the bill
would have amended the present law
in such way as to provide almost
blanket deferment for registrants
engaged in agricultural production.
Such registrants. as Mr.. Truman
pointed out in his veto message,
would in effect have been placed on
special occupational plane and
thus granted degree of immunity
to induction not accorded any other
group of draft-age c1rr.ens.
The President properly attacked
this as discriminatory. It's enact
nent, he said. would mot only be an
injustice to the millions already in
Quoted into our armed forces and
those yet to be inducted," but would
also do violence" to the basic prin-
ciple that has made selective service
as fair, as democratic and as sue
cessful as 1t has been. This principle
-purposely incorporated into the
present law to avoid such deferment
scandals as occurred during the last
'1ar-is simply that no American
shall be put in a favored position
because Of economic. occupational
or other status, the sole test being
whether the individual can better
serve his country in the Army or
Navy or in an essential war-sup-
porting activity.
In vetoing the measure on this
ground. as we'll as on the ground
that 1t would have deprived him Of
his right to determine relative es-
sentiality Of agricultural and mill
tary needs. Mr.. Truman has acted
with unassailable logic. and in SO
doing has saved selective service
from a change in character that
might we'll have proved extremely
pernicious. He is to be congratulated
for his sharp perception Of that
danger and for the fortnight and
forceful manner in which, he has
met it and cut it down.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-05-04

or secretaries. No comments on the
way news is gathered. No sermon on
the danger Of rumors. No off-the-
record stuff. Just this for direct
quotation:
We'll, was over here, as you can
see, doing . little work. and the rumor
got started.
II had q call from san Francisco
and the State Department called me.
Il just got in touch with Admiral
Leahy and had him call our head
quarters-commander in chief In Eu-
rope-and there is no foundation for
the rumor.
That is all"
The President was then asked, Are
you going to stand by?"
II am going to finish this work." he
said.
Commenting on this the next day.
Robert Humphreys, a veteran news
paperman, said: .e ..
Truman was simply on the Job. It
was Just like settling = rumor that
Friend Smiths wife had been hurt. You
just called up Friend Smith and said
Jones had told you this and was 1t true3
No 1t wasn't Okay, better tell Jones
and the rest of the Joneses; I'll let EN-
know-'That Is an"
Let's hope that Mr. Truman will keep
on. He looks like a man who hasn't
time to work out theory of how a
President should act, but who just does
things that he thinks ought to be done
when they ought to be done.
fHeles ssA nv the AssoeiatsA Nevans persl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-05-04
Epic in ItoIy

As President Truman declares, no
praise is adequate for the heroic
achievements of the British Eighth
and the American Fifth Armies in
Italy. Now ended in complete vic
tory. on terms of unconditional sur
render, this was one of the wars
bitterest campaigns. Beginning In
September of 1943 on the bloody
beaches Of Salerno, it was a cam
paign full Of heartbreaking dis
appointments and unprecedented
rigors-slowed down by the with
drawal Of Allied troops and supplies
for the invasion of France. and
slowed down, too, by the cruelest
terrain that men have ever had to
conquer.
After Salerno there came the long
struggle in front of Casino and the
savage p-and-tuck battle for the
Anzio beachhead, and then the shat
tering of the Nazi line and the lib
Grafton Of Rome. But the enemy
was skillful. and the march into
Northern Italy became q hard and
unceasing struggle to dig him from
behind the rocks, mountain by
mountain. clear across the width OF
the peninsula from sea to sea. It
was drive that kept some ~ vet
eran German divisions constantly
engaged, and to that extent, SINCE
our invasion Of France might have
been much more difficult II these
divisions had been available to meet
it, the Italian campaign great
victory in itself-contributed impor-
family to victory In the west.
Now covered with glory at the end
of the long battle-a battle that cost
almost 10000 casualties in the Fifth
Army alone-our Allied forces in
Italy have the additional distinc-
ton Of being the first armies In
history ever to march Ill the way
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-05-04
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

which is often designed to prevent con-
illusions from being drawn-at least at
this stage of the proceedings.
Yet one fact stands out clear and
encouraging: The accredited represent
atives Of the United Nations, great and
small, have gathered here In this city
of San Francisco, have begun their
discussions, have encountered dif1iculties
and differences, have found means OF
solving most of these difnculties and
differences, and are still here working
hard and going ahead.
The thorny question Of Poland has
been raised. and though 1t has not
been solved, 1t has not disrupted the
conference. The Argentine problem has
been taken care Of: q formula has been
found to deal with apparently irrec-
oncilable views Is to the chairman
ships Of the major committees Of the
conference; the White Russians and
Ukrainians have been seated: the COM
missions and subcommittee to deal
with the four principal divisions of the
work before the conference have been
appointed. Now the delegates Of the
Big Five are at work considering the
amendments being proposed by each
Of them. In all this there has certainly
not been perfect harmony-which was
hardly to be expected-but there has
likewise been no hint that any power
here represented has lost sight Of the
objective which all are gathered here
to achieve: The organization of q sound
and workable system of world security.
That fact is perhaps the most i'm
portant news Of q week which has seen
such great events. Somehow, thinking
back over what has happened, 1t is the
only news that seems really to count.
(Copyright, 1945l
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-05-04

lines. Neither are the Russians allowed
to cross into the American zones.
There are few Russian observers
with the Eisenhower forces and one
official military correspondent at his
headquarters. But there are no Amer
lean observers or newspaper correspond
ents along the Russian battle front.
There Is reluctance ON the part of
the Soviet high command to allow
"snoopers'-even II they represent the
Allies-to wander around Russian lines.
And there IL 4 similar reluctance to
permit more than a temporary frater-
nization as Z token celebration" be-
tween the CT Joes and the Ivans.
But the question Of hosting together
the flags Of those nations which have
brought the Naxis to their knees is an
entirely different matter with Z real
political significance.
The American and British govern.
ments are striving to show to the
people Of the conquered and liberated
countries that they owe their fate to
the common effort Of the Allies. There
are no American and British forces IN
any OF these countries. with the ex-
ception Of Greece and Italy. Hence the
mass OF Slavs, Magyars, Poles, Austrians
and Germans east Of the Rhine see
only Russian Nberating troops and the
Russian national emblem. They have
no idea that the United States and Great
Britain. while too far away to help
them with armed forces, have also
contributed vastly to their freedom-or
defeat, as in the case of the Germans.
From the military point of view alone,
this is of little consequence. But from
political point OF view 1t is Of the
highest Importance.
America and Britain originated the
designation United Nations" It Is in
the interest of the peace of the world
to inform the people Of Europe, and
particularly those east Of the Elbe
River, that this denomination means
what it says and is not O mere sophistry.
Since it is not possible for British and
American forces to be physically rep
resented in those territories, the flags
Of Russias allies flying side by side
with the Red nag would be = visual
proof to the liberated and defeated
people that victory was achieved by the
efforts Of the three major powers and
that in the same manner they must
look to these powerful nations in the
future for lasting peace.