davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05
Valencia Drops
Verdict To Sadler

Sardv Sad.cr. hard. punching
New York tes;hcrwclEh;, scored a
rlnth-ro nd technical Knockout
over Chlndrna Valencia. McXi-
can ban;amwel ght champion. Mon
day nigh: IN Arcadia BOXING club.
TIE battle was even until the
eighth round when Sadlcr opened
a strong attack. dropping his OPP
poncnt Valencia wCathcyed the
storm, but was Sill hcwIldcrcd
when he came out for the ninth.
lie went down fer a count " four
before nc was bounced of the
ropes with barrage oi Ssdlcr
punches Referee Sam HcnneSScy
stOpped The bout.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05
Barney EWell Eulace Peacock Win Penn Relay Titles

problem Of racial discrimination.
Being a native Of Kentucky. there
are some fans who are firmly
convinced that Chandler will ad-
here 10 the old racial policy
established a long number Of
years ago by the owners In the
white leagues. Surely the owners
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05

would not select . man who In
willing tn break down these bars.
However. there are some friends
Of Chandler who believe he is
liberal and Will find some way Of
smashing those barriers which
have been erected against Negro
nlaNcrS
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05
Leroy Willis Wins
Over CalOs Cuebas

SAGINAW - Leroy Wills. Dc
troit ghiWcigh,, outpo.n,cd Calos
CucbaSm. New York. IN the eight
round main bou; here Monday
night in the Saginaw auditorium
CucbaS substituted for Joe Cato.
New York. when tho latter saf-
fcred - injury during training
The victory was Wills eighteenth
IN nineteen starts.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05
PILOT MILLER
PLEASED WITH
MOTOR GIANTS
There'll be a large number OF
new faces in the lineup Of the Mo-
tor City Giants when the Detroit

e try in the
United States
Baseball league
opens the cur
r e n ( Sc a S o n
a z a in st I h e
Chicag 60 Brown
Bombers al De-
Quindre Park,
s u n d a y. May
20.
Two Of tn e
most promising
young recruits
to come under
the SIX fu I
eyes Of Man
ager Dimp Mil
L.. n EAa.lA.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05
CUBANS SPLIT
BALTIMORE AND

NEW YORK = The New York
Cubans and the Baltimore Elite
Giants spill, dow = header a, the
Polo Ground Sunday. the Elites
winning the first TO while the
Cubans copied the scvcn-inning
niphican . 10 O.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05
Probe OF Jim Crow In
Big Leagues Demanded

baseball clubs affiliated with the
National and American Leagues
The purpose OF this investigation
shall be 10 determine the extent
Of discrimination in employment
Of baseball players because Of race,
color or creed"
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05

and Clyde Judson, a brother bat
terry.
CHARLES. a 29-year-old right
hand pitcher, hurled for the Cleve-
land Buckeyes and Buffalo Giants
last season. winning nine and los
ing three. He's five feet 10 inches
in height and scales 10 pounds.
Clyde. the younger brother. is
"a years Of age and caught for the
Dankin All-Stars. Dankin, Miss,
last season.
Both players have looked good
In practice" declared Miller. and
I'm hoping they'll solve one Of my
big problems-pitching and catch
ing" Another fine prospect for
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05

the pitc h | n z
staff is Richard
Lefty" Minis.
Q strappin (
Southpaw who
has had expert
ence with sew
eral teams IN
he y Q & r q
A N g r ! c a n
league. He has
served with the
" O nj es G a d
Grays and ST.
Louis Stars
James Moore.
rs year OLD
right handler
Hrap ~, pontizr
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05

Frazier Leon Thompson Navy ane Noie Dame
university South Bend Ind who the American champion
ship in the 36th Drake Mones
Iowa Saturday April 49, He didn't qualify in his trial heat
Thompsons home is in Philadelphia. He is Viz medic
student having entered Nore Dame July 1914 He grad
Of the John Barfan high Philadelphia and this his first
college experience For the first time the history Of the
Catholic university Negro represented in branch of
sport Old timers who have watched track for can't
the fine Now they hope that this lad will for
Negro like Buddy Young of Illinois in the Navy.
Paul Robson J AT Cornell university play football
Nors Dame-Phoio by Charles p. Howard Des Moines
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05
Championships
Brought To City
By EDe Skaters

Several Detroiters took honorS in
the recent National Roller Skating
Tournament held in Cleveland. o.
The event was sponsored by the
National Roller Rink Operators AS
ISOLATION.
Miss Kathleen Moore az Detroit's
ForeS. Club. captured the women's
free style championship. Second
and third place honors went 10
Dorothy Saunders. and June Alex
ander. respectively Both are from
Cleveland.
OTHER CHAMPIONSHIP win
ners from Detroit we're James
Stone and Jessie Csnty, free style
pairs champions; and Alice Nor
row and James Perry. circle waltz
champions.
Officers Of the National Roller
Rink Operators Association arc:
Myron Wright--manage- Of the Sa-
voy Roller Rink. Chicago. presi-
dent: Gene Gillespie. manager
Pal Nor Roller Rink, Cleveland
treasurer; and r. Van Buren,, man
ager Of the Forest Club Role,
Rink. Detroit. executive secretary.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05

LORENZO WRIGHT. Wayne uni
versi;y. competed in the 400-meter
hurdles, was eliminated in the first
heat He was also member of the
Wayne relay team which finished
second 20 Morgan in the mile relay.
Morris Wilson. Delaware State.
was second 10 Haak Lidnan. Swed-
ISL champion. in special l20-yard
high hurdle race.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-05

CIyde JudsOn dKtr DIHhp WII-
Ter are Charles
and Clyde JudsOn, a brother bat
terry.
Evening star., 1945-02-09

permitted to equal any OF the nations
she ravaged.
So far so good. But the production
level-expanded so per cent after the
Nazis came in-is to be maintained. It
is recognized that before the advent of
Naziism Germanys productive capacity
barely met home needs" It is pro-
posed that half of the increase of pro-
ductive capacity be concentrated to
production of goods for the payment Of
reparations in kind. Half the volume Of
expenditures that went for war produc-
ton in the Hitlerian years would finance
this.
So, to summarize, Germany is to be
deprived Of her most productive indus
tries, stripped of labor, shorn (by the
Russian-Polish plan, not mentioned
above) of her eastern territory and
heavy Silesian industry and is to con-
tinue to maintain the Hitler level of
production for the benefit of her victims.
Dear Henry Kaiser: You are great
industrial organizer. Will you take on
this job?
There is this to say for the Cartha-
ginian peace. Carthage was destroyed.
but the Romans didn't expect repara-
tions, too. Either Germany is to be the
goose that lays the golden eggs or the
goose to be cooked, but she can't be
cooked and continue to lay. And all the
feelings of revenge in the world can't
extort eggs from cooked goose.
Are most Of the countries of the
world longing for free industrial prod
ucts or for foreign labor?
One part of the world could use both: :
The Soviet Union. But we are counting
on helping our own economy by selling
machinery and goods to the Soviets!
We look forward to that as one of our
most hopeful markets. Do we eliminate
the German competitor by forcing him
to deliver for nothing, goods produced
at substandard wages, to the market
where we want to sell goods produced
by highly paid American labor?
wonder what Stain will think of a
plan" like this. If it is laid before him.
He can only think that we have all
gone insane. Stain is not a believer in
the capitalist system. and it is hardly
his business to prevent it from destroy
ing itself.
tReleased by the Bell Syndicate. Inc)
Evening star., 1945-02-09
In Need of Modernizinq

1t is encouraging to note that
Chairman Bilbo's assignment of i'm
portant legislation to special sub
committees of the Senate District
Committee includes the McCarran
bill for reorganization of the Dis
trict water system.
This bill is based on recommenda-
tions resulting from a study of the
water system begun when Senator
McCarran was chairman of the
committee. They proposed creation
of new quasi-municipal corpora
ton, chartered by Congress, in
which would be centered the now
divided control over the supply and
distribution of District water. The
corporation would operate as self
sustaining, regulated public utility.
The custom of furnishing free water
to the National and municipal gov
ernments, under which the burden
of water system financing is now
borne by consumers of only 66 per
cent of the total consumption, would
be abolished. All consumers would
be charged alike. Funds for capital
expenditures would be advanced at
low rates of interest by the Treas
ury. The result, in the opinion of
the investigators, would be to bring
about a substantial reduction in
water rates while improving the
efficiency of the system. Taking
1912 as a sample year, for instance,
the Investigators estimated that a
40 per cent reduction in rates would
have been possible under the pro-
posed reorganization.
Those who made the study pointed
out that the Federal Government
'has not paid its fair proportion of
the cost of water service for the past
80 years" and has been fully recon-
pensed, by the water it has received,
for it's own expenditures in develop
ment and operation of the system
The existing divided control, with
the Army in charge of the supply
system and the District government
in charge of the distribution, is un-
natural and expensive. Under the
present arrangement, water rates
will tend to go in one direction only
up. They should decrease, of
course, with increasing volume of
consumption.
There is great opportunity in
this legislation to bring about bene-
fetal reforms in the operation of a
publicly owned utility which is not
conducted now on standards of
efficiency demanded of private utili-
ties Creation of a special subcom-
mittee to act on the legislation is a
good move.
Evening star., 1945-02-09

Germans almost no natural defensive
positions.
1t should. however. be realized that
such a Russian advance is not likely
to be made until its flanks and rear are
secure. The Russians, as I have had
occasion to emphasize many times. do
not take long chances. They make
careful, thorough and therefore usually
successful plans.
They apply the time-honored prin-
ciples Of war to all that they do, con-
centration, economy Of force, offensive
action, security. If Konev's army group
is to advance south of the Oder toward
Berlin we shall see grand mopping-up
program In process on his left and in
his rear-an advance both north and
south of the Carpathians into the
Moravian Gate, the overrunning Of the
Troppau-T Teschen- -Moravska Ostrowa in
dustrial area, the clearing of the German
troops out of the remainder of Slovakia
and the beginning of Russian pressure
westward into Moravia and Austria.
In other words, the Russians will seek
to straighten their whole line by bring
ing Rokossovsky up in line with Zhukov
on the right, by pushing Konev forward
on Zhukov's left and by advancing
Petrov and Malinovsky, in turn, to come
up on Konev's left. All this will take
time and it will take some hard local
fighting. always assuming that the
Germans do not suddenly fold up as
result Of internal disintegration.
It is for signs of such disintegration
that every Russian commander must be
constantly on the watch, but particu-
larly Zhukov, since he Is nearest to the
heart and nerve center of the whole
German organism.
The constant reports OF Russian
forays across the Oder, OF Russian tanks
I'm the outskirts Of Berlin" which reach
us from enemy and neutral sources,
undoubtedly reflect Marshal Zhukov's
determination to keep informed on this
point by the boldest sort Of reconnais-
Sarce and pressure so that II oppor-
tunity knocks at his door he may be
prepared to take advantage Of 1t before
1t turns away.
He knows, rs do all Russian COM
manders from painful experience, how
quickly the Germans can restore q bad
situation, internal or external. II they
are given little time. No good general
In Zhukovs present position could fail
to be conscious Of the fact that at any
moment he may flnd fieeting but
golden chance to accomplish great
things by bold action.
But unless such an opportunity does
come, rising from the increasing internal
cinaculties under which the German
military and political machine Is labor
ing, we should-as far a. strictly military
considerations are concerned-keep flxed
In our minds the picture Of the eastern
front as Q whole, rather than concen-
trate al our attention on the fasci-
mating fact that the tip Of deep Rus
sian salient Is only about 40 miles from
Berlin
tcopyrisht ls4s. \, :. Tribune. Ins.S
Evening star., 1945-02-09
Berlin and the Front
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

The crossing of the Upper Oder on
a wide front by Marshal Konev's lst
Ukrainian Army group is the principal
development of the Russian operations
during the last three days, Konev S
immediate objective is probably the
n fortress of Neisse. about so miles south
of Breslau, which controls the communi-
cations of the region.
With Neisse taken or surrounded,
Konev can then proceed with the reduc-
ton of Breslau, or can bypass that
city, shifting the axis of his main
effort westward along the great Breslau-
Berlin superhighway. This will afford
strong support to Marshal Zhukov's
left flank, and will progressively break
down the Oder River defenses center
ing on Glogau, which now contain and
compress Zhukov's freedom Of action.
It should be noted, in this connection,
that Konev's advance across the Upper
Oder took place February 6. His army
group had not previously been men
toned in the Russian commun1ques
since January 81, when he was reported
as cleaning up some small localities IN
the area of Kattowice.
Thus 1t seems to have taken about
a week for Konev to shift his main
pressure from the Kattowice area to
the Upper Oder, which is done, of
course, by moving up reserve divisions
and thus giving fresh impulse to the
part of the front chosen for the new
attack
Applying this example to zhukov's
northern flank, likewise somewhat COM
pressed by the German defenses in
Pomerania, it may be useful to note
that Marshal Rokossovskys I'd White
Russian Army group was last mentioned
in a Russian communique February 8,
with the capture Of German positions
north of Schneidemuhl. (The fortress
of Turun, which was interfering with
Rokossovkys communications, fell on
February -
II It takes Rokossovky about as long
as It did Konev to swing over from one
flank to the other, and begin new
attack, 1t would seem reasonable to
anticipate a fresh move by Rokossovsky.
perhaps toward Stettin, about Febru-
airy 10 or II. The distances are about
the same in the two cases.
To return to Konev's thrust across
the Upper Oder, point made by Brig.
Gen. Sewell, military analyst for the
British Information Services, Is well
worth noting. Marshal Zhukov's pres
!. ent fighting area on the Middle Oder.
md the region all round It. is one OF
many small water courses, lakes and
canals.
In case OF sudden thaw, 1t would be
4 very difncult region for armor and
heavy transport. But Konevs route
toward Berlin along the Breslau-Berli
aautobahn" runs along the lower reach-
es Of the Sudeten hills, on high, we'll
drained ground. and Will Be practicable
In all weathers while Adording the
Evening star., 1945-02-09
This Changing World
By Constanfins Bro,c,s

Moecow. Several communicates were
carefully drafted by the American,
Russian and British specialists. When
ever any reference was made to Ger.
many the Russian drafting officers In
sisted on using the word "Hitlerites," !"
while the Americans and British OBJ
jected because It was not an accepted
word In international parlance. They
suggested the word German because It
covered the situation geographically
and politically.
When the Russian drafters became
stubborn the matter was referred to the
three foreign secretaries. But Foreign
Commissar Molotov was as adamant as
his underlings and the communiques
referred to "Hitlerites."
That some suspicion may have been
raised in Secretary Hull's mind as to
the reason for the Russian position is
evident from the fact that he asked
that the 4-month-old Free Germany
Committee, headed at that time by Gen.
Walther Won Seydlitz, be disbanded. He
obtained that promise which. however,
never was fulfilled The Soviet govern
ment explained later that this commit
tee had an important nuisance value as
a propaganda agency, but it assured
the American Government that 1t had
no international political significance.
\ + 4
There has been good deal of specu-
lation in this country and abroad as to
whether the Russian government would
wish to allow its own creation-the Free
Germany Committee-to play the same
role as the Polish equivalent which was
created, sponsored and finally officially
recognized by the U. s. S. r. as the
legitimate government of Poland
Use of "Nazi Germany" in the COM
munique Of the big Three" adds fur
ther credence to the speculation that
the Free Germany Committee may soon
be called on to play an important role
in the European political picture.
Evening star., 1945-02-09
Letters to The Star
Sees World Unity as Alternative
to Another Clobal War
To the Editor Of The star:

To the Editor Of The Star:
I should like to comment on q factor
which believe has been neglected In
the discussion about conscription.
Much Of the talk about the merits or
demerits Of CONSUMPTION seems to indi-
cate that we think we can have peace
simply by Wishing for 1t. JOY Elmer
Morgan, for example, says plan at
this time for conscription would
show our lack OF faith In the possibility
OF decent peace" I have great faith
In the possibility Of a lasting and decent
peace, but have no faith at this time
in the probability that such peace
will be established.
What is peace? Herbert Agar has
said, Peace Is not the absence OF war.
Peace is the presence OF justice" We
maintain. peace through justice at home
by democratic government. We do not
accomplish peace by means of alliances.
treaties, or leagues. The problem is the
same when applied to the world. We
shall have world peace when we begin
to have genuine government on the
world level.
Note that true government brooks no
rival when it comes to force. If gov
ernment is to function, it must have a
monopoly on the force. 1t must be
stronger than any member or coalition
of members This is not possible in any
arrangement based on unlimited sover-
eighty, in which each member retains
actual control over his armed might,
whatever the members may agree to in
theory.
Organized force that is not RESPONSE
BILE to the people makes for tyranny.
Such is the force which government
exercises in a dictatorship. But where
government of the people, by the people.
for the people prevails, the organized
force will pe applied in accordance With
democratic principles, and substantially
the only opposition will be offered by
the antisocial elements which make up
the criminal classes.
Until we get world government, We
cannot afford to throw away our guns
In fact, in a lawless world-which Is
what we have today - We constantly
must be prepared for fight.
Let us stop all the foolish wishful
thinking about world peace. If we
really want world peace, We should
work for world government. But SO
long as we are determined to invent all
sorts of excuses for not setting up world
government, let us be realistic and pre-
pare thoroughly for the inevitable next
world war. JOHN F. SCHMIDT,
Capt, U. S. A.
Evening star., 1945-02-09
Not a Gambling Matter

AS OF last January /, according to
Chairman Ebert D. Thomas of the
Senate Military Affairs Committee,
the manpower situation in the
United States was on the whole bet
ter than it had ever been. Yet on
January 6, in his message on the
state of the Union, President Roose-
velt told Congress that labor short
ages were seriously hampering many
critical production programs and
that the time had come for prompt
enactment of a national service law.
At first glance Senator Thomas's
statement-based on the testimony
Of witnesses appearing before his
committee-would seem to contra
dict the Presidents, but actually it
does not do so. Confusion on this
point can be avoided if we keep in
mind that even though the man.
power outlook last month may have
been better than in January a year
ago, other factors in the picture
have more than cancelled out the
improvement. That is why Mr..
Roosevelt, the Secretary of War, the
Secretary of the Navy, the Chairman
of the War Production Board and
any number of other top authorities
urge speedy passage of some such
compulsory work law as the one
already approved by the House.
The all-important factor is that
our armed forces are now on the
offensive everywhere and that our
munitions program has been vastly
Increased in many critical items.
Thus, for example, the output of
heavy artillery ammunition this year
is scheduled to be 200 per cent more
than last year. Similarly, the pro-
duction OF tanks is to go up 81 per
cent, and special air-borne devices
So. per cent. Meanwhile, by next
June, 100000 additional men a
large percentage of them working at
present in vital war plants-will be
indicted into the armed forces.
At the risk of some oversimpliflca-
ton, the situation today may be de-
scribed as one of sharply accelerated
military action, greatly increased
arms output and dwindling labor
resources on the home front. There
is still an ample supply of workers
and potential workers. but their dis
trlbution is so spotty that certain
key production areas are desperately
short of manpower, and between
now and June war plants will require
100000 additional helpers. More
over, the turnover ratevthe rate at
which people are quitting essential
Jobs-now stands at per cent. This
is about twice the normal peacetime
rate, and it means inefficiency and
wasted skills at a time when eff
cheney and proper utilization of skills
are needed more than ever. The
Nation cannot afford to gamble with
the problem, even with the odds in
favor of winning the war with VOL
untary labor controls. The real
point is whether we can furnish all
the supplies, with voluntary methods
at home. that reduce the cost of
winning the war in terms of the lives
OF our men on the fighting fronts.