davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-26
TwelDe Years In
Army Record of
S-Sgt. 6. Simmons
BY r. NJ. LEONARD

S-Sgt Charles w. Simmons, who
has served IL years in the US.
Army, is home on furlough from
the observation-disclosures theatre OF
operations, where he has served
for % months with the Quarter
master Transportation Division.
Prior to the opening of the pres
ent conflict. Sgt. Simmons served
in the Philippines and Hawaiian
Islands with the oath Infantry. His
travels include three trips around
the world and visit to each Of the
4S states Of the Union.
IN ANSWER 10 a query as 10
the country he likes best in the
world, he said. America is the
best country in the world TO live
and like Detroit better than any
city in the nation. have been here
several times and would like 10
live here"
Sgt. Simmons received his fur
Tough on the rotation plan He
said that there is little he could
tell about the customs in India.
but that the soldiers do not see
very many women.
HE SAYS that he hopes that
every young man IN the army will
have chance 10 90 overseas. and
that he thinks Z" II is the finest
education in the world and there
is no college which gives equal ex-
perience.
AS TO his postwar plans Sgt.
Simmons says that he hopes only
Ito be a good Democrat" His be-
lief that the army is young
mans job" is his reason for plan
ming to leave army when war is
over. Wearer of Good Conduct Rib
bon. Pre-Pearl Harbor American
Defense Ribbon and the India
China-Burma area ribbon with two
major battle stars, Sgt. Simmons
has two brothers in the service.
They are Cpl. Ralph and Ph.-3c
Sidney Simmons. Cpl. Simmons is
in the S W. Pacific while &c
Simmons is at sea in the navy.
Sgt. Simmons whose home is in
Miami. Fla, is visiting his two SIS
tiers, Mrs. Thelma McTyre, and
Mrs. Wilma Maddox. OF this city.
His greatest pride and JOY is his
l4-year-old niece. Shirley Jean
McTyre.
I'VE HAD a fine time in army,
during the II years I've served.
There is lot of hard work. but
enjoy it. Every man should have
some army experience. It's good
for him." Sgt. Simmons concluded
the interview.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-26
RY HARRY McALPIN

Observation-Disclosures - OF
$500 soldiers discharged from the
army on the first day the point
system Was effected. only IS we're
Negroes While Negroes are al
most 10 per cen; of the men in the
army. this discharge rate repre-
sents only per cent.
These discharged men were al
ready in the United States 1T
separation and redistribution
centcrs. Those in the latter
places were awaiting reaSsign-
ment 10 other war tasks after
having served overseas for long
periods.
The small percentage Of Negroes
in this first group has increased
the anxiety concerning the chances
for Negroes being proportionately
discharged from the army under
the War Departments point sys-
ten OF returning men 10 civilian
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-26
IN ADDITION
Only IS, Negroes In
$500 els Released

life. The emphasis under the sys-
TEN that is put on battle decora-
tons. and the expected difficulty
Of obtaining requirements for Ne
gro troops because of the army's
segregation policy, puts an unfair
handicap on Negro troops
FEARS are being expressed that
the slow rate Of discharge OF large
mum bers Of Negroes will lead 10
racial tensions later. The earlier
discharged men. mostly white, will
have first choice OF available jobs
IN the postwar period. To this
handicap will be added the already
existent prejudices and discrimi-
nations practiced against Negroes
in industry
The highest point score among
the IS Negroes released on the
first DAY was 10 A total Of IS
points is required TO qualify for
DISCHARGE. AS a result Of combat
awards-less available 10 Negroes
because Of their so per cent restric-
ton 70 service troops-a white SOL
dier has been reported TO have re-
celved 276 points
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-26
RANKIN BILL
WOULD OUTLAW
SABOTAGE ACTS
BY HARRY McALPIN

WASHINGTON. d. c. CNNPA)
Whom the gods would destroy,
they first make mad"
With this expression many lib
erals are hoping the bill intro
duced into Congress last week by
Rep. John Rankin Cd. Miss),
making suboersive activity an Of
tense punishable by a fine OF
$4,000. 10 years in prison. or both,
becomes law.
THE BILL WAS referred TO the
new standing committee OF the
House on un-American Activities,
headed by Rep Edward j. Hart
ID, N. j.. That committee now
has power to bring legislation be-
fore the House as result OF the
parliamentary coup" of Rankin
on the opening day of the 10th
Congress.
Rankin predicted the committee
would take prompt action on his
bill. He is prominent member
OF the committee
THE BILL WOULD apply 10
any person who individually. or
in cooperation with others. or in
obedience 10 fores IN govern
ment or foreign organization. en-
cages or attempts 10 engage in
any activity designed TO over
throw or change the form OF the
United States government other
than by an amendment OF the
Constitution. II would level dras-
tic penalties against anyone con-
victed OF attempting 10 impair
1.-The rights, privileges or immuni-
ties. secured or protected by the
Constitution of the United States"
Said Rankin: II have purposely
made il far-reaching in its Ian
guage in order to cover any ex-
igency.'
THOUGH RANKIN'S blindness
10 real democracy - especially
where Negroes and Jews are con-
cerned-nay prevent his realizing
II. liberals point out that he could
be the first convicted under his
own bill. He would have plenty
OF company. too. they say, from
among those die-ha ards who.
through various subtle or open
means Impair the rights. privi-
leges or immunities, secured or
protected by the Constitution of
the United States
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-26
Lincoln Observes
National Bar Wk.

JEFFERSON CITY. No Ma
,ional Bar Week was celebrated
last week by the School Of Law Of
Lincoln university, when Atty.
Charles w. Anderson j.. spoke 10
a large audience in Page audito-
rum.
Atty. Anderson depicted the
part Negro lawyers are playing IN
their fight for democracy through
out the world in his address. The
speaker is known for the active
part he has taken in breaking
down barriers for the Negro in
the state OF Kentucky and for his
role as a member Of the Legisla-
ture.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-26
CLAIMS FEPC
UNNECESSARY
IN POST War
BY CHARLES J. WARTMAN
pictures on Back Pagel

This Is the second in a series
OF articles that will appear in the
Michigan Chronicle concerning
the postwar employment posi-
bilities Of Negroes In the ma 'o-
industrial plants Of Detroit. All
statements Of policy and employ
mens hgures have been secured
throush direct interview with
oncials OF the various plants
with which these articles are con-
cerned.
THE FORD MOTOR CO.. the old.
est motor car company in Detroit.
mas long been noted for the large
numbers of Negroes employed
there. AT the, time this reporter
interviewed officials al the plant
there were 20.78l Negroes employed
by the company with 892 Negro
women in the number. The total
employment figures al the time
were $4,000
At the peak Of war time pro-
duction approximately $4,000 Ne
groes were employed. This ex-
ceeds by 1000 workers the num-
ber employed by Ford during tbs
automobile manufacturing period.
THE RECENT cu,back Al the
Willow Run plant and the realiza-
lion that reconversion is here. has
raised for Ford workers and those
interested in themI the question Of
p 'st-war possibilities in this tre-
mendous industry.
Almost simultaneous with the
news that the Willow Run plant
was TO be cut back. Henry Ford
announced that he would have
nothing 10 do with the aviation in
oustry after the war and that ne
would convert his resources ,or
making farm implements.
An overall view of the general
policy Of the company Is found
tn a statement made by Henry
Ford In Ford Times for March
l34S. Said Mr.. Ford. 'CaritaI that
u not eonstantly creating more
and better jobs IL more useless
than sand. Capital that Is not
constantly making the conditions
nj daily labor better and the re-
ward Of daily labor more just. is
not fulfilling Its highest function.
The highest use Of capital Is not
TO make more money but to make
money do more service for the
betterment Of life. Unless We in
our industries are helping to
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-26
Timely Correction

A recently released circular
entitled Beware" stated that the
editor OF Negro newspaper was
responsible for a hotels liquor
license. This was an erroneous
statement II would not be fair 10
the other fine friends who lent
their support TO the cause to
give one man full credit for the
Liquor Control Commission grant,
ing license 10 the Garfield Hotel
The efforts Of this gentleman and
those OF our many other friends
are greatly appreciated.
Yours truly.
Clifton c. Russian.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-26

solve the social problem, we are
not doing our principal work"
A SPOKESMAN for the Ford
Motor Company when questioned
about the future attitude OF the
toward Negro help said.
Our future attitude is best reflect
cd by our present and past a,ti-
tudcS, The company has never
made any inquiry into color
The spokesman said further that
Z was ms opinion that the Ford
Motor Company had more Negroes
~ service than was required oy
the FEPC regulations and tina, the
company wouli not hire or fire on
the basis Of race or color.
The Ford policy with respect 70
women the Official stated that
whenever the plant had needed
workers II women were available
they were hired He said tina; he
estimated that there were approx
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-26
Ford Declares Future Attitude Based On Present. Pas

vieted OF lettering in a place OF
illegal occupation and fined $40
or 10 days in Jail by Recorders
Judge John J. Maher.
James Taylor. 2lS8 Madison ave-
nue.. convicted Of an illegal occu-
patton al l742 ST. Aubin street, was
fined SOS.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-26
No Cut At Present
In Seamen's Wage

NEW YORK. - No immediate
downward revision OF seanen's
earnings will be made by the Mari
time War Emergency board, JOS
eph Curran. president OF the Ma
tional Maritime union. last week
informed a special membership
meeting al NMU headquarters.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-05-26
PIANO RECITAL,

Miss Margaret Boone will pre-
sent her pupils in their third piano
recital June % at $50 p. m. al
Bethel AM.E. church. Guest artists
will be the DuPre Proteges.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-10-18
Ne1v Headings Urged M Hods0n Stock Case
Dovid G. Theborse, Torrinqton, Killed

Washington, Oct. 1S- (UP) - The Navy Department has announced six casualties of the U. s. Naval Forces (Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard), not heretofore releas- cd on Navy Department Cas- ualty lists. This list includes two dead, two wounded, and two missing. In addition, the names of 1O2 are included whose casualty status has been officially changed as follows: IS dead from missing; 1S safe from missing; one missing from wounded, four dead from prisoner of war; and e9 safe from prisoner of war. Total casualties since Dec. !, 1941 are now listed as 140,95O. t
 This list includes: C0nectl- cut, dead. David Guido The- barge, Aviation RadlOman 90, USNR. Parents, MT. and Mrs. Ernest Thebarge, 116 RoOse. welt Avenue, Torrlngton.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-10-18
Spencer Tracy To Quit Stage

Boston, Oct. 1e-(DP)-Spe.. .er Tracy, star of Robert E. Sherwood's new play, "The Rugged Path" plans to quit the play at the end of It's Boston engagement Oct. 27 and re- turn to Hollywood.
 Tracy gave notice yesterday that he would not 90 to New York where the play was scheduled to open in three or four weeks because he felt The lines are imperfect" and "the play isn't right for me-"
 Tracy's action in withdrawing from the part is within his contract rights. Tn the play he has the part of g newspaper editor who joins the Navy to avoid the responsibilities of e job and a wife. The reviews in Providence, R. l., where 1t opened and Washington were not good, though here in Boston, tickets were sold out and the reviews have been fairly favorable.
 It was understood that efforts would he made te get g substitute substitute for Tracy so the play could open in New York as scheduled.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-10-18

In the killing of more than 1O,O00,- 900 innocent persons, including B. 100000 Jews, they were charged with practicing systematic exterrninati0ns outside regular military operations.
 The formal charges were made by the joint international war crimes prosecutors of the United States. Britain, France and Russia in 6 30,000-word indictment. The docur ment was made public in Washil1g- ton, London, Paris, Moscow and Berlin, and was handed to the Mad criminals at Nuremberg.
 Era of Terrorism
 The indictment Is the first com- plete ofncial record of Adolf Hitier's mad conspiracy to rule the world and of his era of Naz terrorism.
 It was divided into four counts. Twelve of the criminals, including Hermann Wilhelm Goering, Raz~ dolph Hess and Joachim Ribbentrop were accused on each count. The four counts:
 l. Conspiracy = Formulation for execution of c common plan or coa1- Spiracy to commit crimes against peace, war crimes and crimes against humanity.
 ?. Crimes against Peace Plan- ming, preparing, initiating and wage ing wars of aggression in violation of international treaties, agreenlallts and assurances.
 3. War Crimes-The practice 0g total war which included metlls tods and practices in direct conzliet with the laws and customs Of Ea
 1. Crimes Against HunanilT The murder and persecution of aiI who were or were suspected ok ber ing hostile to the NaM party asld tn the Nazi party's grand conspiracy to rule the world. This included plan to exterminate the Jews. the Poles and the Gypsies.
 The indictment and the trials to follow are more than an attempt Co punish these particular 24 men.
 The four powers indicted the Mad master plan of world conquest and sought to establish as . precedent in international law that the man who start wars must die for their crimes.
 The defendants were indicted ikl- dividually and as members of 11 which should be de- clared criminal by reason of their aims and the means used for the accomplishment thereof" These or ganizations included the general
 Continued on Page 3
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-10-18
AutoWorkeFs May Strike
 For More Pay
BY CHARLES H. HERROLm United Press Staff Correapomdenl

Washington, Oct. is-(UP) The administration appeared to be work ing on wage.price policy today to give labor about Q g per cent ins crease in basic pay rates.
 On the basis of statements by high officials, the administration's aims in developing the wage-price yArds stick seemed to be:
 1.-Give labor raises in hasle wages that would compensate for part or all of the cut in take honaep pay suffered by most workers #iAh the loss of wartime overtime. This s necessary to keep purchasing poW4z where it will stimulate production
 2.-Pernit price iFlcreases lok manufacturers who are squeezed be- tween the higher wage rates md rigid price ceilings. Require ahHukn@ ton of higher rlianufacturing to1Ea at the distributor and retail levels
 3.-Attempt to avoid Q broad ~ flationary rise in the cost 0f ll3zzzAz
 Minimize Strikes
 The overall aim. of course. wNs e give labor and industry dellnIee guideposts for conducting recohx4E@ sion wage negotiations and thertzE minimize production cripiliE E strikes.
 Reconversion Director John Ns Snyder stressed these puInta iz speeches during the past two Nn8H in Ne, York City and New Hxs| |sz
 N -~
 tContinued on Page 9
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-10-18
Hundreds or Billions Ndzis Loot h Europe

Washington, Oct. 1s-(UP)-The Na2is footed Europe to the tune of hundreds of billions of dollars, the indictment of 24 top Nazi war crini- nals revealed today.
 Without attempting to assess an overall value, the document gave a few examples of the job of plunder, financial exploitation and destruc- ton by the Nazis which reached Si58, ,076, ,40o 900 in three coun- tries only. The figures given on Nazi loot and destruction were as- tronomical in the currencies of the suffering countries.
 Because of the tangled foreign exchange situation 1t Is extremely difficult to translate the figures to satisfactory American dollar totals. There is an official exchange rate for the Russian ruble, for example, but it ls never used in any business transactions.
 To translate the plundeg figures into dollars. the united Rge1s uusd
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-10-18
Mclaughlin Rules
 Lowlor Withdrow As co-Defendont

Ruling that pleadings were not in shape to enter a judgment in the fs0ds0n stock recovery suit, Super ioI Court Judge Charles J. Mo- Laughnn today directed counsel to file new pleadings within three weeks. The case two years ago had ended in Ilistrial as the result of Q question over the pleadings.
 The action s brought by Mrs. Gladys Hodson Of Waterbury against her ex-husband, Frederick Hodson, and Attorney William K. Lawlor, treasurer of the James w. Hodson Corp, in an attempt to ob- tain 50 shares of stock in the corp oration. Transfer of the stock to Mrs Hodson had been ordered April 20, l04l when she obtained Q divorce judgment.
 Judge Mclaughlin ruled today that Lawlor should be withdrawn as Q co-defendant, that the Hodson Corp. should be dropped as an in- terpleader and its secretary cited in by the court as co-defendant and that the plaintiff should amend It's complaint and ask for Q declaratory judgment to determine the rights of the respective parties.
 Contest
 "Eyidsnce yesterday clearly indi- cated that this case was not Q pro-
 Continued on Rage al
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-10-18
Truman Says Chiong' s Idea NoteWorthY

Washington, Oct. 1S - (UP) - President Truman today described as Q good plan the position taken by Chinese GeneralisSimo Chiang Kali shek that the fate of the Emperor of Japan should be decided by all of the Japanese people.
 Chiang's stand was disclosed in an exclusive interview with the Chinese leader in Chungking by Huge Baillie, president of the Uni- ted Press.
 Free Elections
 Chiang told Baillie that in the l943 Cairo conference he had told the ltae President Roosevelt that the question of the continuance of the Emperor of Japan should be de- cided by all the Japanese people themselves. Chiang also proposed that this will of the Japanese people be expressed by free elections,
 Discussing Chiang's position as stated in Baillie's dispatch, MT. Tru- man told a news conference that he knew of no set plan to hold such CACStAOAAo AA OdPnklp buO tAAat AAC thought 1t was good idea, Q good plan.
 Asked what action was being taken to break Q stalemate among the Allies on policy for the Far East. the President said the Far Eastern affairs were the subject of correspondence between all the in- terested governments.
 Asked whether this was limited to the Big Three or the Big Five, the President stated emphatically that the exchange was between all in- terested governments and that there were 10 or l2 of these.
 Russia and New Zealand today rec mained the only nations that have not accepted the United States in- vitation to attend the opening meet ing of the Far Eastern Advisory Commission here Oct. 23.
 Britain became the seventh aa- tion to accept the invitation yester- day; the State Departilen revealing that country's acceptance shortly after 1t said Russia had again asked for four-power control machinery to govern Japan.
 Australia, Canada, France, China
 (ConGinued on Page 6)
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-10-18
Army Discharge
 Score 10 Be Cut

Washington, Oct. 1e-(UP)- All Army men with S5 dia- charge points should be out of uniform by @very early Nave1n- Der" and the discharge score will probably be reduced to 50 by Dec. 1.
 That's the outlook as pre- sented to Congress by military spOkesmen.
 The present critical" score which makes men eligible for discharge from Army rolls Is 70 points. It is scheduled to 90 down to 6e points Nov. 1.
 On the Naval demObilixatlOn front, Secretary of the Navy James Forrestal revealed that 75O,OOO men would be brought home on Navy warships alone in the next II months and hundreds of thousands more on Navy transports,
 He made the disclosure In Q letter replying to Congressmen who criticized the Navy for keeping warships tied up in port for Navy Day, Oct. 27.
 Forrestal said no warships which could carry men home would be held in port merely for the celebration.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-10-18

the official Soviet change rate of 5.S rubles to the dollar for Russia, the going rate of 80 francs to the dollar for France, and the present approximate value of three cents for the Czechoslovak crown.
 The indictment listed four major financial figures. Y
 Naz plunder of France (exclusive of war damage) vi. .266 ,0i3 .260 900 (trillion) francs. (25,S00, ,206. .000). <
 The overall value of material loss borne by Russia e7o 900 900 900 (B) rubles. si27,062. .00, ,000).
 The total sum of Naxi economic spollation" of Czechoslovakia from 1888 to l045 - 200, 900 ,00O, 900 CSechoslovak crowns. Ceg,O0D .00O,- 000).
 Collective financial penalties placed upon Jews and other special groups ,iST,17o.ske frang. t&ass- +N*H N'..tt 4
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-10-18
LoW-Inconne GroupsG Get Tox Break

Washington, Oct. l8-(UP)-The senate finance committee voted to- day to relieve 12,000, 900 low-paid in- dividuals from federal income taxes next year.
 The house last week passed a bill which would accomplish the same end.
 The senate committee made some changes. But the net effect would be the same for the low-income groups.
 The senate committee also voted to repeal, effective Jan. 1, the ex- cess profits tax on corporations. That would save corporations next year approximately $2,556. .O00, 900, it was estimated. The house had voted to cut the excess prohtS tax from 95 to 60 per cent for 1046, sav- ing corporations $1,0eS, 900 900, and delay It's elimination until Jan. |, lo47.
 Tn voting to end the excess profits tax this year, the senate committee struck out out Q houSe-approve fouT-peF cent reduction of normal
 Continued on Page %