davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-10-10
This Changing World
By Constantine Brown

While Secretary of State Byrnes Is
said to have received sympathetic
hearing concerning his troubles at the
London Conference, he was confronted
with an angered Senate Foreign Rela-
tions Committee in regard to the State
Departments policies in South America.
Members of the committee belonging
to both parties have been irked for
some time about the unilateral action
taken by the State Department In
Argentina. They are opposed to the
dictatorial governing regime but re-
gard it only relatively minor matter
in the greater picture of inter-American
relations.
The chief complaint of the Senators
is reported to be that the State De-
partment failed to take the other South
American governments into its conf
dence when it decided to crack down on
the Argentine government and to post
pone the Rio conference.
Washingtons attitude of treating all
the Latin American republics as equals
has brought important results at recent
international conferences For instance,
at San Francisco, where the American
oSASs0eASAA aodAiu
a. tight spot, the solid votes from 20
Latin American republics which were
supporting us saved many ticklish
situation
The Senate Foreign Relations Com
mittee is convinced that because of
the recent international set-backs such
as that encountered In London. the
United Nations Organization must be-
come an active body to maintain the
peace of the world. The Senators are
sufficiently realistic to be impressed by
the fact that when the UNO is organ
lied and begins to function, each of the
big five powers which have permanent
seats on the Council will be supported
by number of smaller nations.
Russia. for instance has large fol-
lowing of satellites throughout Europe
and some IN the Far East. Britain has
on her side the dominions and some
of the Western European powers Our
mainstay in international gatherings
such as will take place after the UNO
has become a living" organization
will be the Latin American republics
whose political and economic interests
are closely tied to those of the United
States. Until the State Department
recently embarked on an unfortunate
unilateral policy toward South Amer
lea it appeared that we could count
Evening star., 1945-10-10

them to have. They get the Russian
side of the story. But when a re-
sponsible spokesman for another
power tells his version of what has
happened, the Russian people are
given only highly skeletonized and
virtually meaningless account of
what he said.
In other words, the Russian au-
thorities, while paying lip service to
the ideal of free circulation of the
news, do not practice it in their own
country. And that is very serious
matter, for when people are denied
access to all points of view, 1t be-
comes a relatively easy matter to
shape their opinions to serve what
ever purposes-good or bad-that
their leaders may have. in mind.
Evening star., 1945-10-10

on the support Of our neighbors in this
hemisphere.
For reasons not yet made public, the
State Department felt that it should
act first and inform the extremely SEN
sitive Latin American republics after
ward. Inter American consultations
were provided In all the treaties we have
made with the Latin Americans, but
they were recently overlooked by our
policy trainers.
Last week, soon after Ambassador
Braden returned from Argentina, the
State Department decided to postpone
the Rio conference, annoying the Latin
Americans. The Senate, however, un-
questionably was more angered The
members of the Foreign Relations Com
mitGee did not mince their words or
conceal their feelings in a two-hour
drubbing they gave last week to acting
Secretary of State Acheson and Am
bassador Braden, who appeared before
them. The Rio conference was to dis
cuss matters of hemisphere defense
before the first meeting of the UNO.
The general feeling in the Senate Is
that If by such actions we give the
impression to our neighbors in the south
that We have been contaminated by the
same power politics" as exist in Eu-
rope today. this country might find it
self entirely isolated at the gatherings
of the United Nations organization.
*
The stand taken by members of the
Senate committee is that any spank
ing" which might have to be admins
tered to any South American govern
ment showing undemocratic tendencies
must represent common action of all
members of the Pan American Union.
Any other policy would be misinter-
preted and might be exploited against
the United States by other powers
which are jealous of American hemi-
spheric unity
When Mr.. Byrnes took over the office
OF Secretary of State he announced that
ne would thoroughly reorganize that
outmoded department. For some mys-
terious reason the reorganization was
placed, not in the hands OF committee
of men from the outside who knew the
qualities and weaknesses of the depart
ment, but was placed in the hands Of
a group of five men from the Budget
Bureau.
These men may be able to make an
adequate survey for cutting expenses
and doing away with overlapping of
functions. But they certainly know
little about the delicate works OF the
State Department.
Evening star., 1945-10-10

shall have secure and lasting peace.
But he is also concerned with the sur
vlyal of this Nation in the meanwhile,
and until the world organization has
been built, tested and found reliable.
He speaks with some bitterness and
considerable apprehension about the
defensive" idea which still dominates
much of our thinking. He likens it to
the "Maginot' psychology which ruined
France. Today it takes the form of
saying that security lies in scientific
research and the making of newer and
better scientific devices. This puts the
burden on a few technicians and leaves
the rest of us free to pursue our own
devices. 1t is a comfortable doctrine.
1t is also a false and hence a danger
GUS doctrine, The next war, If it ever
comes. will not be made by a few be-
spectacled professors pressing a row of
push buttons. War. and security against
war, will require men as well as ma
chinesi not an fashioned mass
army but trained men by the million.
nevertheless.
They may not all be trained to han
die rifles, or machine guns; but "the
security OF the Nation requires the serv-
ices of virtually all able bodied male
citizens within the effective military
age group" whatever the weapons they
WELD. Technology does not eliminate
the need for men in war" AS matter
OF fact, of proven fact, it increases that
need. Once again, it is up to the citizen.
He can say, he can make himself be-
lieve what some are urging upon him
that the atomic bomb and the rocket
have made universal military training
obsolete. Or he can take the contrary
advice of the man who has Just been
the chief architect of victory In our
greatest war. The one will be easy,
for time; the other will not be so
easy. But the result of the one will
be destruction or slavery In the end
the result of the other will be security
as far as human foresight can provide
for security. For the present, the basis
Of security is strength.
If this Nation Is to remain great, it
must bear in mind now and in the
future that war is not the choice of
those who wish passionately for peace.
1t is the choice of those who are will
Ing to resort to violence for political
advantage" Such criminals can be re-
strained by law, when the law has been
made and proven susceptible of en-
forcement; until then, they must be
restrained by removing the possibility
OF gaining advantage from any con-
templated resort to violence. In our
clear perception of these facts, and
our willingness to face them squarely,
lies all our safety for the future. That
IS George c. Marshall's message to his
fellow countrymen whom he has served
SO faithfully. We shall do well to give
heed to his words
vrir
Evening star., 1945-10-10
As ;. WEDNESDAY, october 10, 1s45
Naval Academy Centenary

The Nations school of the sea is
celebrating its one hundredth birth
day today 1t was on October 10,
1845, that the Navy took over from
the Army the area then known as
Fort Severn on Windmill Point at
Annapolis. Some fifty midshipmen
we're enrolled in the first class.
Franklin Buchanan was the original
superintendent. The plans for the
establishment which he drew up at
the request of Secretary of the Navy
George Bancroft called for the high
standards of discipline and efficiency
which still prevail in its historic
campus.
But the real father of the Naval
Academy was a man more remark
able than either of those sponsors
mentioned. His name was Matthew
Fontaine Maury. Born in Virginia,
January IA, 1906, and brought up in
Tennessee, he followed an older
brother into the Navy and before
he was twenty-eight had spent nine
years on the water, going round the
world In the Vincennes and making
long voyages to Europe and to the
west coast of South America. The
durable fruits of his observations
appeared in book entitled "a New
Theoretical and Practical Treatise
on Navigation" which gained him
both a reputation as an authority
and wide. popularity. Permanently
famed by "a stagecoach accident he
used his enforced leisure in writing
a series of articles calling for reforms
in the conduct of naval affairs which
were published in the Southern
Literary Messenger and created a
sensation.
AS explained by Martin D. Stevers
In Sea Lanes" "the pressure which
he maintained proved a major factor
in persuading Congress to establish
Naval Academy at Annapolis in
1845, and to establish the forerunner
of both the photographic Office and
the Weather Bureau-with, of course,
Maury as the first chief" His studies
of currents and winds, his books and
especially his charts gradually be-
came classics among mariners every
where.
Maury followed his State out of
the Union in 1861, but the Civil War
was only a temporary interruption
of his constructive endeavors. BY
1863 he was back from voluntary
exile in England. The Virginia Mill
tary Institute at Lexington welcomed
him as professor of meteorology.
When he died on February l, 1873,
he was mourned as true benefactor
of mankind At the Naval Academy
at Annapolis Maury Hall and the
annual Maury Prize keep his name
alive. Every graduate in a century
has been a better scholar and a
better officer because of what he was
and what he did.
Evening star., 1945-10-10

must be allowed more. rather than less,
production than before the war. This
is because exports are essential to Sc
cure the food supply for what remains
Of Germany after the rich eastern
provinces have been removed. 1t Is
also essential because the employment
of those Germans formerly in war work
must be provided for in peaceful in
dustry.
The American committee points out
that half the exports from Germany
should be in iron and steel. chemicals,
optical and other fine instruments.
The difficulty of producing the exports
necessary to the standard Of living al
lowed by the Potsdam plan is accentu-
ated by several other provisions Of that
plan. For example, the machinery left,
after deductions in reparations, must
be increased by the production of new
machinery. Also, compensating employ
ment must be provided, not only for
that part of the population formerly
in war work, but for those formerly in
shipping, which is now forbidden.
There is also the necessity of produc-
ing enough to enable Germany to make
payments on foreign investments in
Germany and on the large debit clear
ing balances, which Germany had accu-
mulated at the end Of the war.
Once more the inexorable facts of eco
nomics break in upon political and mill
tary judgments, In order to permit
Germany to be even an inoffensive MEM
Der OF the family of nations, her eco
nomic life must have some recovery
The truth Of it all is that no plan by
which nation is to be held down by
economic sanctions will work. If Ger
many Is to be kept harmless, it must be
by military and political, not economic
force.
tReleased by The Associated Newspapers Inc.
Evening star., 1945-10-10
Hitler Didn't Chew RUGS
Prom the Minneapolis Tribune

From the Minneapolis Tribune.
We don't suppose most people took
very seriously the wartime report that
Adolf Hitler was SO upset he had taken
to rug-chewing, but it was good for
laugh in days when we needed all the
laughs we could get
You'll be interested to discover how
the tale originated. 1t seems there's
German slang word, "teppichfresser,
applied to one who PAGES back and
forth until, fguratively and maybe even
literally, he wears a path in the rug.
The word, translated exactly, means
"carpet-eater." A Nazi radio propa-
gandist used the word to impress Ger
mans with Hitler's preoccupation with
problems of the war, and an English
radio monitor, who lacked either
"sprachgefuehl' or sense of humor
or both, spread to the world the news
that the frustrated Adolf had taken to
rug-eating.
We publish this footnote in the in
terest Of truth and enlightenment-but
reluctantly withal, for some chump is
sure to write in and say we've disillu-
stoned him about the Issues for which
the war was Fought
Evening star., 1945-10-10
Wonder Who?
By David Laurence

From the St. Louis Post Dispatch.
Japan reports 100000 unemployed
Don't look now, but we have a fellow
all picked out to make 1t 5000. .0o1.
Evening star., 1945-10-10
Proposes Giving Germany to Jew,

proposes DIVING Germany 10 Jews
To the Editor of The Star:
1t is poetic justice purely but since
the Nazis started the war to push out
into and conquer foreign territory, per-
haps the most Nazi of the Germans
should be compelled to live as scat
tered people in all the territories they
hoped to conquer. That would leave
some living space in Germany. Then,
why shouldn't Germany be homeland
for the Jews?
1t was by the hand of Germany that
the recent sufferings of the Jews have
come. Why not give the industries of
Germany to the Jews, rather than per-
manently destroy those industries and
thereby cripple European economy?
The offer Of German industrial wealth
might dissuade the Jews from making
Violent attempts to enter Palestine, and
thus avoid needless irritation of the
Moslems. At the same time, the re-
moval Of the Nazis from Germany would
lessen Nazi influence on the state of
mind and future course of Germany
Thus the Nazis would be dealt with,
Europe would not be penahzed indus
trially, some recompense would be made
to the Jews for their suffering and
trouble in Palestine possibly could be
avoided. BYSTANDER.
Evening star., 1945-10-10

SAYS Doctor Deceived Patient
To the Edifor of The Star:
The average person knows little of
his physiology. When an irregularity
appears, he consults physician. If
the condition is of ajor consequence
the physician does not commit himself
for reason. What is the reason?
When the United States was suffer-
ing initial war pains, DR.. Roosevelt al
ready had the case. But he did not
commit himself except to his confreres-
not to the patient. Would it not have
been better to suggest that the window
screens we had in storage and in max
ing should be used? Or did the doctor
consider it best that we should be
stung into action to protect ourselves?
Would we have reacted so favorably
do not think so. The doctors psychology
worked and the patient rallied and
recovered.
Such men are the law and above the
law. The patients necessity dictates
the means. Our late President acted
in our best interest and I find no fault
with him. . Although he was human
and erred in many instances, he carried
his primary purpose to successful con-
clusion. May God give us another like
him in an hour of need.
THEODORE E. MARQUIS.
Evening star., 1945-10-10
Quotes Galsworthy on Democracy

Quotes Galsworthy on Democracy
To the Editor of The Star:
John Galsworthy's splendid summary
of true democracy, which follows, forci-
bly, reminds us that certain political
policies as promoted by ambitious New
Dealers are at utter variance with lib
erty. BY no stretch of the imagination
can one conceive of men of the caliber
of jefferson, Jackson and Cleveland
compelling people to burn wheat,
slaughter pigs just to get rid of them,
piling up colossal and dangerous deficits,
theoretically, in order to promote pros
perity, while regimenting men and
women and binding them with red tape.
Galsworthy says: Democracy is sham
unless it means the preservation and
development of the instinct of thinking
for oneself through a people. Govern
ment of the people, by the people, for
the people means nothing unless in
dividuals keep their consciences unfet-
tered and think freely. Accustom people
to be nose-fed and spoon-fed and de-
mocracy is a mere pretense. The meas
ure of democracy is the measure of the
freedom and sense Of individual respon-
sibility in its humblest citizen
EDMUND K. GOLDSBOROUGH. n
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-04-19
Skeetrock News

At this writing, Mrs. w. j.
Artrip is at the home of her
father, John w. Childress, who
is very ill.
Pvt. Lacy Branham is spend
ing a leave from the army with
homefolks at this time.
Mrs. Arthur Moore visited Mrs
Robert L. Mullins Monday.
Belle Stone is at home now,
after spending several days with
her daughter in-law, Mrs. Grady
Stone.
George Potter of Ash Camp,
visited relatives here through the
weekend.
Miss Hattie Sluss visited her
brother, Earle, ON Mullins Ridge,
Sunday.
John Branham and family, J.
O. Mullins and family and T. J.
Mullins and family all attended
church at Pound River church.
house Sunday.
Cpl. Clarence Sykes, overseas
for two years is spending a fur
Tough with his family here.
Mr.. Watson is visiting w. J.
Artrip.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-04-19

Virginia: In the Clerks Office of
the Circuit Court of the Coun-
ty of Dickinson, on the II day
Of April 1915
Chloe Hanover, Complainant,
against
Emil Vanover, Defendant
The object of this suit is to OBJ
tain a divorce vinculo Matri-
monii. And affidavit having been
made and filed that the defend
ant, Emil Hanover, is not resi-
dent of the State of Virginia, it
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-04-19
HONEY CAMP

Clyde Rose and family called
on Pat Horton Sunday evening.
Mrs. w. S. Beverly is improv-
ing nicely.
Alice Buchanan called at the
home Of Josh Rose Monday.
Mrs. Howard Tolley and boys
are visiting her mother, Mrs. Lu-
Their Richardson, at this time.
Mr.. and Mrs. Newton Strouth
spent the weekend here.
Marie Horton spent Saturday,
night with Goldia Rose.
Mrs. J. E. Beverly has return
ed home after spending last week
with Mrs. Robert Beverly of
Baden. Bobbie Beverly accompan
led her home.
Mrs. S. K. Lambert called at
the home Of Josh Rose Thursday.
Most all the women here are
busy housekeeping.
jeanette and Junior Rose spent
the weekend in Darwin.
Sgt. Worley Perrigan, station
ed in California was visiting his
brother, Alvin, last week.
Pvt. Otto Beverly has return
ed to camp after enjoying a 10
day furlough here with his fam
lily.
Sgt. Habern Hammons is re-
ported prisoner of war in Ger
many.
Homer Hill, Of the navy, is ex
pected home the last of this
month on furlough.
Jeoffre Beverly and son of
Ohio, spent a few days last week
with his parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
w. S. Beverly.
Mrs. Luther Richardson was
visiting in Stratton over h G
weekend.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-04-19

is ordered that he do appear here
within 10 days after due pubii-
cation hereof and do what may
be necessary to protect his inter-
est in this suit. And it is further
ordered that copy hereof be
published once a week for four
successive weeks in the Dicken-
son Herald. and that copy be
posted at the front door of the
court house of this county on or
before the End April rules, 1945.
A copy--Teste:
E. B. Stanley, Clerk
G. Mark French, pa. (4-12-A5)
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-04-19
Chase Announces
For Delegate To
Convention

Clintwood, Va. April II, 1945
To The Voters of Dickinson
And Wise Counties, Virginia:
Having been requested by
friends to become a candidate to
represent these two counties in
the Constitutional Convention, l
have filed as candidate. The
voters of these counties are en-
titled to know my position On the
question of amending or repeal
ing the poll tax section of the
Constitution.
If elected, I shall not only vote
and fight in the Convention to
let the soldiers, sailors and ma
rines vote in all elections in Vir-
ginia, without the payment of
any poll tax, but shall vote and
fight to so amend the Constitu-
ton as to permit all citizens of
the state, over 81 years of age,
to vote without the payment of
any poll tax. shall vote and
fight for the poll tax to be col
lected in the same manner as
other personal property taxes,
and to be used for the benefit of
the schools, as at present. I full
ly approve the stand taken by
Congressman Woodrum on this
question.
I am now and have always
been opposed to the requirement
that any poll tax be paid as a
prerequisite to the right to vote.
In the u years I have had the
honor of serving in the Virginia
Legislature, I have been the
friend of the laboring man and
the Unions.
I was born in Wise County, in
which I lived until Dickinson
County was formed, and our
home taken into the new county,
: where I have since lived.
Your votes vii be appreciated.
Respectfully your friend,
ROLAND E. CHASE.
paid Political ADVERTISEMENT
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-04-19

weekend with her parents. Mr..
and Mrs. Lester Yates of Abing-
don.
Ernestine and Agnes Hughes
spent Thursday night with Wv
ian Watson.
Mr. and Mrs. Dallas Mullins
Of Brush Creek called on their
son Burns, and family Sunday.
Mrs. Houston Meade of Brush
Creek spent Sunday night with
Mrs. Gussie Mullins.
Mrs. Charles Hylton, Mrs. Es-
tel Cox, Elder Asa Hughes and
Mr.. and Mrs. Roy Yates called
on Mckinley Hughes and family
Sunday.
Ed. and Mrs. Asa Hughes, and
Mr.. and Mrs. Anderson Neel call
ed on Tenny Mullins and family
Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Dugan Hanover
spent Saturday night with Mr..
Vanover's mother on Brush
Creek.
Attending the funeral of Ban
ner Fleming from this section
were: Mr.. and Mrs. Calvin HUI
ghes, Rev. Carl Layne, Florence
Hughes Mae Hanover and Eva
Yates.
Media and Betty Yates took
dinner with Maryland Yatse on
Sunday.
Ruth Beverly, Sarah and Mary
land Yates and Media, Betty and
Eva Yates visited Mrs. George
Hill Sunday.
Nevelyn and Maude Mullins
called on Mrs. Rrthur Rose Sum-
day afternoon.
Mr.. and Mrs. Tennie Fleming
of Clinchco spent the weekend
with D. J. Davis and family.
Mrs. Lucille Rose is visiting
her mother-in-law at Nora.
Prayer meeting is held each
Thursday night at Valley View
church. Everybody welcome.
Dickenson County herald. [volume] (Clintwood, Va.) 1939-195?, 1945-04-19
JAMESTOWN NEWS

MFR. and Mrs. Mckinley Hugh
es,, and Burns Hughes and fam
lily were Sunday guests of Mr..
and Mrs. Marsh Hughes.
Mrs. Cecil Fleming and daugh
ter, Peggy Sue, are visiting at
High Point, N. C.
Vada Jean Yates spent the
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-03-16
Unions Ask
Congress Probe
Of christian
americans

WASHINGTON (LPA) = The
labor-baiting Dies Committee
spent $650,000 in its five-year
campaign supposedly devoted to
American activities.
The Dies Committees success
sor, headed by Rept. Hart ID.
N. J.), however, plans to spend
only $4,000 this year. The chief
investigator and two assistants
have not yet been named.
Union groups throughout the
country are asking that the new
committee undertake first an
investigation of the Christian
American Association which has
been pushing anti-labor bills in
many state legislatures. Anti
semitic and anti-Catholic litera-
ture has also been attributed to
the Christian Americans. Be-
cause the Committees staff has
not been set up there has been
no indication as to what organi-
cations will be investigated.
The House vote to give the
Committee the $4,000 appro-
priation was 314-54.