davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-03-11
Other Rhine CROSSINGS

The earliest crossing OF the Rhine
in the face of enemy opposition
seems to have been an event of So
BIC. Julius Caesar was the COM
mander in charge of the operation,
and he tells about it in the fourth
book of his Gallo Wars. The story,
briefly, is that two German tribes
known as the Usipetes and the
Tenctheri, being hard pressed by the
Suevi, sought new homes in the
valley of the Meuse, where they were
not wanted. Caesar marched against
them with great promptitude, re-
fused to parley with them, seized
their chiefs when they came to plead
and slaughtered a great number of
the rank and file with so little
resistance that not one Roman
soldier was killed" Thousands of
other invaders" were drowned in
vain attempt to return to Ger
many. A few survivors took refuge
with the Sicambri or Sigambri.
Caesar demanded their delivery and,
when his demand was rejected,
caused his engineers to bridge the
river in ten days, led his army across
it and laid waste the country" along
the east bank. Larned's History
adds that: "The Suevi offered battle
but Caesar prudently returned
and destroyed the bridge" Allegedly,
the span thus built, used and demol-
ished was supported by piles. It's
location was between Coblenz and
Andernach.
During the Thirty Years War in
the seventeenth century, the Rhine
again was prize of contest, bitter
and bloody Tilly, the great leader
of the Imperialist forces, strove to
prevent Gustavus Adolphus, King of
Sweden, from dominating the ter
ritory between the Oder and the
Rhenish line. The struggle swept
over most of North Central Europe.
Gustavus finally won a brilliant VIC
tory at Leipsic in 1881 and reached
the Rhine at Oppenheim soon after
Evening star., 1945-03-11
out Of Weakness
By the Req. Hopnrd S. Wilkinson, D. D.,
Rector OF st. Thomas Church.

cynic too oft has declared that "every
man has his price" Both false, alb
surd statements, and yet it is more
or less true that many of us have
weaknesses somewhere. Well, cheer
up. Have courage. Gods grace still is
sufficient God continues to over
come circumstances or gives courage
to rise above. it, Strength can con-
tinue to come from weakness.
Here is one who knows physical
weakness or disability, and such
one is reminded that future his
torians will blazen to the world the
name and fame of a great man,
leader and world statesman who
overcame such disability by sheer
determination when his case had
been pronounced hopeless.
Again consider a young man or
young woman who is not an intellec-
tual giant and will never have to con-
slider the purchase of a Phi Beta
Kappa key, for whom hard study is
almost slavish. To such one comes
this encouraging word that out of
weakness may arise strength because
of a yearning desire for knowledge
and the will power to attain it.
To be sure, it is not always rule
of life; but valedictorians have been
known to fail in later years, while
the slow, persistent plodder reaches
the goal. The old fable of the hare
and the tortoise did contain truth
and lesson Many man at the top
of his chosen Vocation was not an
honor student
Look, If you will at moral and
spiritual weakness. Achilles had the
heel by which he was held when
dipped, and it is quite possible that
you and I have a vulnerable spot
somewhere, yet such a spot need not
be disastrous. When we recognize
that weakness and take the first step
toward overcoming it, there follows
in some miraculous way a strength
beyond our ken, and out of weakness
we become strong. Strength of soul
repeatedly has come out of sheer
weakness
Climb, then, the great worlds altar
stairs to God. You never will know
what you can do until you try. You
never will receive the crown of success
until you have carried the cross of
endeayor.
Evening star., 1945-03-11
ward. The actual point At which he

ward. The actual point At which he
crossed, according to tradition, was
Erfelden, and monument marks
the spot. Muirhead's Guide says:
"The Swedes crossed the river sing
ing psalm. and their leader (was)
ferried over on a barn door," How
much the venture cost in lives is
suggested by the fact that the
Chapel of Saint Michael at Open
helm contains a charnel- el-house with
skulls and bones believed to be those
of Swedes and Spaniards who fell
in the battle nearby.
Napoleon repeatedly led his armies
over the Rhine into enemy areas,
but his crossings were less expensive.
1t was by way of Mainz that he
dragged himself home from his
catastrophe at Leipsic in November,
1918.
Evening star., 1945-03-11

The 18th chapter of Hebrews offers
to us hall Of fame, containing pen
portraits OF heroes who subdued king
doms, wrought Righteousness, OBJ
tanned promises, stopped the mouths
of lions, quenched the violence of fire,
escaped the edge of the sword and
out OF weakness were made strong.
Strength from weakness! How alb
surd to suggest such a case of cause
and effect, when we are sure that it
simply will not work. Yet, it does
work; 1t always has been true, is so
now and will continue to be Just
that. All through history, whether
sacred or secular, we may find count
less illustrations of this possible out
come: Strength from weakness.
David and Goliath, Gideon with
300 men out of an original $4,000,
Job conquering in sheer weakness
and desperation, II men, 1000 years
ago, bringing about new age and a
new order of things; man named
Paul suffering from physical afliction
and confined in damp, dingy Jail,
yet writing epistles which through
the centuries have continued to cheer
and encourage the world: The weaker
subduing the stronger. At present,
powerful enemies, who thought of
themselves as the master race or
modern examples of Attila the Hun,
being overcome and beaten back.
Circumstance often drives hard
bargain with the sons of men, as we
taste the bitterness of shattered
ideals. of dreams which were only
dreams, of the failure in others to
measure up to our expectations and
hopes, of our own weakness in one
way or another, of the temptation to
give up and give in.
This same 18th chapter of Hebrews
reminds us that Moses endured as
seeing the invisible" while the entire
Christian world appreciates the moral
courage and persistency of Jesus the
Christ, in spite of what He knew
awaited Him. No lines of least re-
sistance here, no swimming with the
tide because it is easier.
But what has all this to do with us?
You and I are weak creatures, per-
chance. The fool hath said in his
heart, There is no God; and the
Evening star., 1945-03-11
Setting Hens

The big producers of eggs and
source material for fried chicken
and fricassee are not interested in
setting hens. They do things scien-
tif1cally with huge incubators, chick
batteries and umbrella skirted
brooder stoves. They talk in num-
bers astronomical. But on many
small farms they still set hens on a
clutch of thirteen eggs.
For good many years there has
been an academic dispute over set
ting" versus sitting" Does a hen
set or does she sit? The country
man, who has been polling rural
authorities for many seasons on this
point of argument, says the evi-
dence is approximately rs per cent
in favor of setting" In a democ-
racy the majority rules, but minor
tiles are allowed their opinions.
A setting hen is a peculiar crea-
ture. Perhaps it is more accurate
to state that all hens are peculiar.
Any one who has tried to drive
hen in something approximating a
straight line will agree to the state
ment. Even those who like hens
will not attempt to argue that biddy
is intelligent. But hens are delight
full, friendly and sensitive if one ad-
justs to the hen level. They have
poise and personality. They respond
to kindred spirits.
A setting hen is doubly sensitive
when a mysterious urge has lifted
her temperature to fever height.
She wants spot in a dark, quiet
corner of the barn. All she asks is
chance to snuggle on her thirteen
eggs for twenty-one days. But
biddy needs to eat and drink to keep
up her strength. Therefore once a
day she must be lifted off and set
before corn and water. It is task
for a sympathetic psychologist. A
hen about to become a mother is
opinionated, stubborn and subject
to unpredictable spells of hysteria
and nerves. One needs to be very
gentle as well as firm. A hen en-
joys well-modulated human voice.
Soft talk and few verses of Oar
ling Clementine" or Garry Me Back
to Old Virginny" are helpful. Some
day our chicks, fried chicken and
fricassee material may be all pro-
duced scientifically. But the coun-
tryman still enjoys his spring psy-
Geological wrestling matches. with
a few setting hens.
Evening star., 1945-03-11
a third, while the other alternative

a third, while the other alternative
would make geographical divisions
in these general areas. so that the
number of competing companies
would be six or more. instead of
three.
1t remains to be seen whether the
aviation interests themselves think
Mr.. Biddle's suggestions show the
way to satisfactory compromise.
Sooner or later, the issue must be
settled, and If it is to be settled satis-
factorily. some middle ground must
be reached between outright monop-
oily and cutthroat competition. Mr..
Biddle's views serve at least to point
up the problem.
Evening star., 1945-03-11

ing postage stamps. only that 1t is on a
very much larger scale. 1t is a series
Of steel wheels strung on single long
axle. Against these wheels block of
marble is showed and they cut out of 1t
pieces at regular intervals so as to leave
q sort of ornamental fringe of teeth.
$50 Architects call these teeth, rather
appropriately. 'dentals.'.
Evening star., 1945-03-11
Deepening Rift in China

II words mean anything, the Ian
guage used in the statement Just
issued by the Communist regime at
Yenan, in Northwestern China, sig
nifies complete rupture with the
Kuomintang government headed by
Generalissimo Chang Kai-shek.
Written as a reply to Chiang's re-
cent announcement that national
assembly would be called in Novem-
ber to give China constitutional
government, the Yenan statement
asserts that such an assembly would
be a congress of slaves" 1t goes
on to say that Chang spoke like a
lunatic" when he proposed that an
American officer be placed in COM
mand of the Communist forces and
concludes by demanding an imme-
diate end of Chiang's dictatorship"
This last is especially significant, be-
cause the Communists have never
before denounced Chiang,s overall
leadership in the united front"
formed in 1887 to fight Japan's in
vasion of China.
That arrangement suspended the
armed conflict between the Kuo-
mintang and the Communists,
which had been going on for sew
eral years previously. Unfortu-
nately, the breach was never really
healed, and much of the energy of
both sides which might have been
pooled for fighting the common en-
emy was diverted to watching each
other. Ever since Pearl Harbor
American diplomacy has endeavored
to bring about genuine under
standing between Yenan and
Chungking, but without success.
Negotiations between the two Chi
nese factions have followed a dis
couraging pattern wherein every
concession offered by Chungking
was countered by increased de-
mands from Yenan, coupled with
aSperSionS on Chungking's SINGER
ity. The Communists consistently
assert that Chang seeks to get them
in his power and then crush them
mercilessly, while Chang counters
that the COMMUNISTS aim at moth
ing short of supremacy throughout
China and his own undoing. The
logical deduction is that each side
so distrusts the others motives and
holds such antagonistic aims that
mutual accommodation is imprac-
ticable.
There remains the question why
the Communists should have chosen
this particular moment for precipi-
tating what looks like an open
breach after avoiding such an i'm
passe during many months of ne
gotiating Allied victories against
Japan from the Pacific to Burma,
coincident with the reopening of the
Burma road, are improving Chung
kings position and thus enhancing
It's BARGAINING power against Yenan.
That should logically tend to make
the Communists more circumspect;
yet they choose this moment to issue
their most uncompromising state
ment to date. Is the answer to be
found in the larger diplomatic pat
tern involving not only China, but
the western powers, Soviet Russia
and Japan? Russian intervention
in the Far Eastern war might be
expected to strengthen Yenan and
the Chinese Communist movement.
Perhaps it is in anticipation of such
development that Yenan is feel
ing its oats"
Evening star., 1945-03-11
No, Indeed!

From the st. Louis Post-Dispatch
A sculptress says most men are not
worth five-second look On behalf
of most men, we wish to say that this
remark is not worth five-second listen.
Evening star., 1945-03-11
By John H. Cline.

the future. Even with full and in
telligent assistance, China will have
very hard shedding when the war ends.
But there are important entries on the
credit side of the ledger. In the sum-
mer of 1914 there were 4,517 factories in
Fee China-one thousand more than
China lad before the war. Her produc-
tion OF coal, iron and steel, machine
tools, machinery, textiles and chemicals,
while not large, is increasing despite the
crippling effects Of the Japanese oc-
cupation. Although agriculture prob
ably will continue to be the basic
Chinese industry, there are important
natural resources awaiting postwar ex-
ploitation, and plans for hydroelectric
power development are well advanced.
Preconditions for these and other de-
velopment programs are monetary and
banking reform in China and a recast-
ing of Chinese law to attract foreign
capital and afford 1t reasonable protec-
ton.
Another must" item on the Chinese
program Is the composure of Chunk
kings differences with the Chinese
Communists in the north. This internal
clash has given rise to much concern,
and while there are reasons to doubt
that Moscow is backing the Chinese
Communists, their continuance as a
faction hostile to the government OF
Chang Kai-shek assuredly will. be an
unsettling influence, one which is bound
to be incompatible with the need for
rapid development of China as the
Orients industrial successor to Japan.
These are perhaps the main items on
the postwar list of Chinas unfinished
business. Taken together with the ques-
tions which soon will arise in con-
nection with the prosecution Of the war
itself, they are sufficient to show that
meeting between the President and the
Generalissimo, II not imminent, is at
least highly desirable.
Evening star., 1945-03-11
Member of the ASSOciated Press

cred at the Post ONCE, WASHINGTON. D. c..
as second-class mail matter
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-13
Jobs 10 Fade
For 8 Million

WASHINGTON, Aug. II (UP)
The army and navy, reaeting
swiftly to the Japanese surrender
offer, today ordered war contract
cancellations 6taling almost S4.-
600, 100000.
That is only a fraction Of the
orders that will be Cancelled when
the war officially is ended.
A high ranking official esti-
mated that 100000 persons
would be jobless within the next
six months. He said that only the
swift reconversion of industry can
alleviate this situation.
The overnight contract cancel
lations by the war and navy de-
partments constituted but a small
portion of outstanding contracts.
Additional cancellations will be
ordered in the next few days.
Contracts for experimental de-
velopment and for food and cloth
ing for the army and navy will
be continued. The navy also was
expected to permit completion of
a few contracts for planes.
The master reconversion plan
approved by OWAIR Director
Synder probably Will be revealed
today MonG61r.
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-13
VI Pay
Gets Oh.

Companies desiring to celebrate
VI Day may do 80 and credit
their employees with holiday pay
Louis c. Mirani. chairman of the
regional War Labor Board, an.
nounced today.
The plan also has been approved
on a nationwide scale by the ma
tional board, Miriam said, and il
will not be necessary to petition
the board for permission.
The Detroit Edison Co. was the
first large corporation in the De-
troit area TO announce its inten-
tion Of declaring a holiday
All necessary service 10 its Gus
toners will be maintained. the
company pointed out, the service
depending upon h e number OF
business places observing the day.
The following pay schedule will
be followed by the Edison COM
pany:
Weekly rated shift employees
and all others who are requiAed
10 work will be allowed the same
pay as for a sixth day Of work.
Nonshift employees who are re-
quired TO work will receive addi-
tional straight time for all hours
worked. not to exceed double
time.
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-13
HUGE AtqsnRn Crater
Marks Nagasaki

GUAM, Aug II ONSl-Nagasak target of Americas
bomb 80 per destroyed in Thursday
cataclysmic blast of single missile
Gen Spaatz announced today that most of Nagasak S
heavily ndustrialized section wiped out
Air photographs taken Of the former bustlng city of
25O00 the ay after the lone bomb loosed showed
that .0S of square mile leveed out of total
bult-up area of 3'33 square miles.
After Official Japanese attempts to minimize the de-
sructon in Nagasak the Tokyo newspaper Yomur Hich
admitted that the bomb caused extensive damage ncud
ing the destruction of houses and large number of
casualties among the citizens"
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-13
$1,000 YankS. Held
by JapS. Wait W. Day

held prisoner az Hoten, Mukden,
ManChurla. TO which he was trans
ferred from a Formosan prison
camp IN November. 1914. Trans
ferred with the 53-year-old lieu
tenant general were II other gen
eral officers. ll9 army colonies.
. navy captains and "a enlisted
men. all captured when Corregi-
dor fell.
Mai. James p. Deyereaux of
Chevy Chase. Md. who led the
heroic bat futile fight at Wake
Island was believed imprisoned
at Shanghai
Mystery surrounds the fate and
whereabouts OF the 1900 Ameri-
can soldiers captured Al Bataan
~ Apfii 1912. after a tOur-month
fieHt avHuvt b9pVlCSs ODDS Only q
feU thousand were Ibolatcd "a h,n
Gen. Macarthur recaptufcd the
Philippines.
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-13
S|ugger FeNs
Pontiac Girl

A 14-yer-old Pontiac girl, Mar
garet Thompson. was in Receiving
Hospital in critical condition to-
day as police investigated her
story Of being struck in the head
by an unidentified man.
Found unconscious in a Detroit
doorway al 525 Shelby early this
morning, Margaret later told De-
rective Sgt. Joseph Wolff she mad
left a Pontiac movie and started
for home when a man jumped out
of a car and clubbed her. She
said she was within a block of her
home but remembers nothing
more.
Hospital attaches said she was
suffering from fractured skull.
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-13
MILLION BYPASSED

Cut off in the bypassed islands
are 100000 japanese soldiers.
a mosquito bitten, hungry army
which has a nuisance value and
not much else.
There may be real significance
in the fact that the japanese
radio was making claims for its
air force 33 minutes after Tokyo
announced that she wanted to quit
the fight. The broadcast said that
Jap planes had made a daring at
tack on Okinawa.
Also, some Allied uneaSiness is
warranted by the fact that neither
Hirohito nor his ministers had in
formed the japanese people of the
surrender offer a full 17l7 hours
after it was broadcast TO the rest
of the world
American and British cabinets
are standing by today on "a
hour alert. Here in Washington
President Truman awaits the reac-
tion of Chungking. Moscow and
London to Japan's proposal. When
the four capitals are in agreement,
their reply must be sent to Tokyo
through neutral Switzerland or
Sweden.
Japan then must say: Yes or
No
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-13
Peace Research
CenterS on Atom

WASHINGTON, Aug. II -
America and Great Britain faced
I he gigantic problem today of
keeping secret details of the
devastating atomic bomb while
continuing research into possible
peacetime uses OF the great newly
discovered source of power.
President Truman told the ma
tion and the world that the
United States and Great Britain
had decided TO keep the bomb a
secret for fear il would fail into
lawleSS hands and be used for
Wanton destruction in the future
The President has pointed out
that experiments must be con-
tinued into methods o. controlling
the bomb TO prevent its use in the
manner that might destroy the
civilized world.
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-13
.219 Billions
.Pea(eCushion

WASHINGTON. Aug. IL GNS)
The American people hold more
than 2l9 billion dollars today as q
rainy day nestegg' against the
dislocation of VI Day recon,
version which will directly affect
fewer than eight million workers
A survey Of government plan
ners, working feveriShly on pro-
gram TO reconvert the nation's
economy TO peace. revealed these
five important bulwarks against
disaster on the road back:
. Individuals and business con-
Germs now have at least 2l9 bill
lion dollars liquid assets. This
means cash, bank deposits and
government securities. It's size
dwarfs the S62. 100000, 900 out
standing last May 81 in stocks
or the 66 billion in savings held
i'm 1899.
. Continuance of price, rent
and modified wage controls be-
yond VI Day as a safeguard
against initiation.
. Fewer than eight million
workers Of the 81 million prof
itably employed will be affected
directly by the wholesale cam
collation. Of war contracts and
reconVersion.
Many industries can "recon-
vert instantly and will have
only to change customers
steel. lumber, transportation.
tobacco, soap, electrical, fats
and oils. textiles and railroad
equipment industries.
. Many other industries can
"reconvert" overnight, needing
no new machinery and possibly
only a change in designs-fur-
niture, hosiery, shoes. chem
Icals, etc.
One high government official
estimated that for approximately
four to six months after vi Day
employment will steadily decline
before peacetime production hit:
its real stride and an upswing car
start.
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-13

West Of the river, at a point
about IN the center OF the north
south line. the photographs
showed what appeared TO be a
huge crater.
Nothing Of this nature could be
seen in the pictures taken after
the first atom bomb was dropped
on Hiroshima. l45 miles TO the
northeast, on the south coast Of
HonShu.
This crater puzzled observers,
but there was no official intor-
nation on its significance. One
theory was that the atom bomb
had hit the ground before eXplod-
ing, in contrast 10 the one at
Hiroshima. The Hiroshima bomb,
said the Tokyo radio, exploded
about 1000 feet above the ground.
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-13
Girl Guerilla. l3.
Wins DISCHARGE

MANILA, Aug. IL tUP)-Vir-
ginia Weems, a 13-year-old girl
who posed as a boy and served
three years with Filipino guerrilla
forces. received an honorable dis
charge today.
After the Americans landed at
Lingayen last January, Virginias
uflit-the "Buena Vista Regiment
was attached TO the American
32d Division.
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-13

WASHINGTON. Aug. II GNS)
The long years Of imprisonment
and torture for the American
heroes Of Batsan Corregidor ana
Wake Island appeared nearing
their end today.
Freedom loomed AZ last for an
estimated 26O37 American fight
ing men-plus another 4l 600 L S
civilians-who have waited f0r
more than three years behind
barbed wire IN japanese prison
camps.
At her home ln SkAneatelcs.
near Syracuse. ~ ! Mrs Jona-
than VI Wainwright collapsed
with hysteTICal joy when she
heard the good neWs. IL mpapt
tHat- the man who led jbc Gallant
hAp4ie-. -f fier-'--- ~ r'1fTgE.d0I
might be coming home oan
Wainwright vas last reported