davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-06-09

FIRST METHODIST
 Rev. John J. Snavely, D. D., pas tor.
 Sunday, June 10.
 10:30-Morning worship. Organ Prelude: '"Traume" Professional Hymn: God Moves" Call to Worship Prayer The Lords Prayer Choir Anthem: Great God of Ma tions" Wagner arr. by Davis Scripture Reading Pastoral Prayer Offertory Anthem: Baritone solo 70 God Have Mercy" Talk to the children Hymn: T Found Friend" Sermon: Now Therefore, Dr. Snavely Hymn: Jesus Call Us" Organ Postlude: Song Without Words" Tchaikovsky
 Church School
 Worship at 10:30; Younger classes 11:05; Older classes at 11:35; Wood lxuff Assembly 5sg Q,sn at 1C4l.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-06-09
New York Stations

WJZ-77O - WABC-SSO
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The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-06-09

Six years ago June 10, 1889, in the beautiful St. Paricks chuch Rosalind M Stoddard and Dr. Leon H Phaneuf were married. They have two sons Richard and Ralph, and reside at Mansfield avenue. The for Miss Stoddard art supervisor in the public schools, and Dr. Phaneuf is Wellknown Optometrist
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-23
UrbanLeague
Official Raps
Hines Policies
(FrOm PM)

New York-A National Urban
League official has attacked the
VA Veterans Administration as
"a citadel of reaction" in which
he says the returning Negro
veteran will find nothing but hope
lessness and despair because of its
Jim Crowism.
The charge was made by William
Y. Bell, Jr., Southern field director
of the Urban League, in a letter to
Brig. Gen. Frank T. Hines, VA adj
ministration, replying to state
ments by Hines in a speech to an
Urban League forum in New York
last week.
Writing from the point-of-view
of the South, where, by Gen. Hines
own figures, rs percent of Negro
soldiers live, Bell assailed the en-
tire Federal setup for aiding re-
turned veterans as discriminatory,
but nailed VA as the "most repre-
hensible." p .......
Concrete Evidence"
"You say that no distinction has
ever been made by that administra-
ton because of race, color or creed
when the existence of the Jim Crow.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-23

Tuskegee Hospital is concrete evil
dence to the contrary" Bell wrote.
"What is more significant, however,
is the fact that for almost quarter
of century the VA has been with
Ten-Newman Lee
out Negro personnel to advise and
assist in carrying out an equitable
policy toward Negro veterans"
EVA officials have continuously
refused qualified applicants re-
ferred for selection by the Civil
Service Commission" Bell contin-
ued. at undoubtedly has erected
the highest color bar to employ
ment of any Federal agency which
deals with people. Perhaps it is this
ban on Negro employment which
has gained for it the indictment
among informed Negroes that it is
a citadel of reaction, and it is the
practice of intra-agency employ
ment which speaks palmer than fine
speeches about what the agency's
attitude and interest is in the gen.
eral employment of veterans"
Bell told PM that the letter was
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-23

BILE citizens in their communities,
running their own businesses or oc-
cupying positions demanding in
telligence, initiative, resourceful-
ness, judgment and leadership. 1t
is discouraging and destructive of
the morale of these men to be held
to the enlisted ranks or to be pro-
NOTED only to the lower petty Of
ficer ratings. It is all the more
destructive of morale when they
see white men with much less prep
aration than they have, and with no
more apparent qualifications of
leadership than they possess, being
advanced beyond them"
In answer to the Nays excuse
that "the Negro must work his way
up slowly" Wilkins stated, Thou
sands upon thousands of white men
have come very recently into the
Navy from all walks of civilian life
and yet the Navy has discovered
ability among them and has given
them an opportunity to secure COM
missions and otherwise to advance
themselves, We believe there are
many units and many installations
where Negro commissioned officers
can render a great service to their
country by the inspiration and
understanding they will bring to
the enlisted personnel"
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-23

to melt away"
Gibson said experience showed
illiterates did not necessarily lack
native intelligence and could often
be made into excellent soldiers, but
they require special training
methods and cannot absorb combat
infantry training in a short time.
War Department records show
46.4 percent of all Negro troops
to be in Class V (illiterate) and
IS percent in Class " (nearly il
literate), while only 4 percent of all
white troops are in Class V and 16
percent in Class ~. The illiteracy
rate in the 92nd Division is II per-
cent in Class V and Is percent in
Class w.
Law Found Army Unready
Mr.. Gibson said the Army had
very few policies toward Negroes in
1910, and was relatively unprepared
to handle the problem when the
Fish amendment to the national
service act obliged it to accept
Negro draftees in large numbers.
Negro units had to be rapidly ex-
banded without adequate cadres of
trained officers and without ade-
quate methods to meet special diff
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-23

Frank Boyd, Jonas Schwartz, w. C.
Jones, S. v. Owens, Hall, and
Mathews, DR.. Chas. Williams, Rev.
C. R. Nelson, Mesdames Colby and
Ethel Williams. Absent delegates
were: Miss Garden, Mrs. Steefel,
Rev. Moore and Rubin Late.
Cecil Newman gave the back
ground of the F.E.P.C. Bill and the
necessity for making the trip to
Washington to urge its passage.
Rev. Hazelden and S. Vincent
Owens summarized the two-day
trip to Washington. Rev. Hazel
dyn delighted the audience with his
story of how he recaptured his
broad southern accent to thank
Bilbo's secretary for the use of the
Bilbo suite. He wanted them to
know that a Southerner had made
the trip and that there were a
"few southerners who are trying
to do right"
Mrs. Colby told of the interview
they had with Mrs. Roosevelt and
how gracious she was. Mrs. Colby
also described the room in which
they were received by the first lady.
i Mr.. Schwartz reported on the
finances. $1,093.64 was taken in
and $1,O45.s4 was spent. He also
received $25 from the Women's
League for Peace and Freedom at
the meeting. This left a balance
of $3.50. Additional money was
requested to continue the work of
getting the F. E. P. C. bill passed.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-23

ficulties.
A mixture of white and Negro
officers in the same units causes
some hard feeling because, although
the Army policy is opposed to seq
regation, separate officers clubs
develop and incidents of race
prejudice tend to be exaggerated.
In front-line units, Negro officers
are not put in command over white
officers. Negro promotions are
made by a block system which
works hardships on individuals.
Mr.. Gibson said most of the 92nd
Division officers killed in combat
have been Negro officers, which he
said, reflected more credit on their
courage than their judgment. The
best answer is to appoint officers
not because they are colored or
white, but because they are good,
and the division is trying to do that,
he added.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-23

written because questions were cut
off at the forum session which ran
overtime, and there was no other
way to refute what he considered
misleading statements in Gen.
Hines speech.
Job Opportunities
Bell made these points:
Less than 10 Negro reemploy-
ment committeeman have been ap-
pointed by Selective Service in the
South.
The War Manpower Commission
and the U. S. Employment Service
do not themselves employ a fair
percentage of Negroes, so how can
they be expected to give a Negro
veteran an even break?
Selective Service discriminates
in induction, so why can't it be ex-
pected to discriminate in reemploy-
ment?
Three-fourths of Negro veterans
come from areas where public
officials act on the assumption that
a Negro has no rights a public Of
fetal is bound to respect.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-23
Navy Policy
Hit in NAACP
Letter to Sec'Y

New York-ln letter to Secre-
tary of the Navy, James V. For
restal, the NAACP urged speedy
revision of the Navy departments
policy governing the promotion of
Negro personnel. NAACP Acting
Secretary, Roy Wilkins, charged
that the principal cause of dissatis-
faction among Negro enlisted men
and the Negro public in general
was the reluctance of the Navy "to
recognize training and merit and to
reward it as it does white per-
sonnet"
Citing complaints from overseas,
mainland bases, and particularly
the recent two-day hunger strike
of the 34th Construction Battalion
at Port Hueneme, California, Mr..
Wilkins said in his letter, at is now
almost two years since the Navy
announced it's so-called new policy
on Negroes. We understand that
at present there are some 100000
Negroes in the Navy. We also
understand that the number of
commissioned officers is less than
"a and that in this total are in
cluded some warrant officers.
cit is asserted by the men of the
34th Seabee Battalion that they
have more than so men in their
unit who are college graduates,
whose scholastic training and ex-
perience in civilian life make them
eligible for consideration for the
rating of CPO and for commissions.
Negro personnel in other units at
other bases make the same asser-
ton. We have other information
indicating that in some units there
are men who have been graduated
from the best universities in the
country, several of them with ad-
vanced degrees, who were response
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-23

War.
Mr.. Gibson, a Negro attorney
from Chicago, who has been in
Italy since Feb. % on trouble
shooting mission that will take him
to other Negro units in other war
theatres, said he had found no
reason to believe that Negroes as
a race are any less courageous
than other people. The 92nd Divi-
sion labors under the handicaps of
excessive illiteracy and inadequate
training, he said, while Negroes are
always sensitive to incidents which
revive race prejudices, and many
of them lack a clear conviction of
what they are fighting for.
A Postwar Factor
Mr.. Gibson said the War Depart
ment is especially interested in the
problem because it is a stumbling
block to the departments hopes for
postwar universal military train
ing legislation. eff we have uni
versal military training, Negroes
have to be included" he said. Zone
of the keys to defeat of the nurse
draft bill is that out of 5000 regis
tered Negro nurses it (The Army
has taken only a few more than
2OO."
"The problem cannot be solved
merely by legislation, but it can
and will be solved by determina-
ton on the part of the Army" he
added. Mr.. Gibson will report to
the War Departments Advisory
Committee on Special Troop Poll
cies, of which Assistant Secretary
of War John ]. McCloy is chairman.
Talking frankly at a press con-
ference, Mr.. Gibson said he had
tried to find out why Negro troops
so often melt away" in the face
of the enemy. Similar things have
happened in white units, he said,
but not on such a large scale.
Where a few stragglers will fall by
the wayside in other units, a whole
Negro platoon will sometimes get
panicky, particularly at night when
the individual soldier feels he has
been left alone with no one around
to support him in battle. Not all
Negro troops melt away under fire,
he said.
He cited numerous instances of
personal courage and of companies,
battalions and regiments which had
distinguished themselves.
Where the Trouble Lies
Mr.. Gibson found the answer to
the 92nd's problem largely in the
divisions history. It was activated
three years ago, before the Army's
special training program for litter
ates was developed, and many in
the division did not benefit by it,
he said.
Negroes were drafted to fill the
division, instead of being classified
and sent to whatever branch of the
service they were best suited for;
many went straight from the re-
ception center to the division with
out preliminary basic training.
Similarly, many requirements
have been sent to the division with
out adequate infantry training, and
it is in units with the largest pro-
portion of requirements that Mr..
Gibson found the greatest tendency
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-23
Minneapolis Hears
Report of FEPC
Delegation TOD.C.
BY MARJORIE CURRY

BY MARJORIE CURRY
The delegates who went to Wash
ington to urge the passage of the
Fair Employment Practice Bill
with enforcement powers were
guests of the Minneapolis Branch
of the NAACP, Sunday, March 10,
1916, at Phyllis Wheatley Audi
torium.
The delegates present were:
Talmadge Carey who acted as
chairman, Rev. Hazelden, Messrs.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-23
Hines Claims He Will
Seek Negro Veterans
Wishes in Hospital Policy

temporaneously, although she had a
prepared speech, was quite en-
phatic in declaring that declared
policies, laws and constitutional
provisions against discrimination
were not enough. Equal oppor-
tunity must cease to be words used
as window dressing for democracy"
lishment of an FEPC within the
UAW, and the 100 percent record
of NMU in its Negro-white brother
hood as examples of CLIO achieve
ment in the specific field of Negro
employment.
Captain Mcdowell stated his
belief that the Negro wants and
is entitled to the right to compete
on an equal basis with the whites
in terms of training, experience,
and ability for employment. He
also disclosed an opinion that the
responsibility for the solution of
race problems lies outside the field
of industry. It rests in part on
the schools, the churches, social in
situations, labor organizations"
Captain Mcdowell continued, "and
upon individual members of each
community, and to large extent
on the Negro himself"
Attorney Poses, who spoke ex-
she stated, "but must become part
and inherent in the process. AS
people we intend to protect the
right of minority groups to equal
employment. AS a result, We are
prepared to penalize those who
thwart equal opportunity"
League Specialists Predict
Increased Tensions
The evening was highlighted by
reports from the League specialists
from the various tension spots in
the country. Bell, in discussing
the South, stated that contrary to
some of the thinking of many ele-
ments in the South, the southern
Negro is not adjusted to his situa-
ton, adding that, "we hardly ex-
pect him to be if for no other
reason than that for the past four
years, he has been exposed to a
constant barrage of governmental
propaganda calling for a bright
new world of four freedoms .
he has come to accept these ideals
as his own"
The Detroit situation was out
lined by Valentine, who accented
the tensions in that city on housing,
asserting that $4,000 Negroes had
moved into the area in the past four
years, up to last summer; that A.
900 applications for housing which
had been presented by Negroes last
year had yielded only 1000 filled;
that there were only three areas
left which can be utilized for hous-
ing, but they cannot be used until
the Mayor and the Common Council
reverse the policy that the racial
composition of these neighborhoods
must be kept.
st. Louis tension spot was en-
ployment, jefferson indicated, with
more than one hundred of the city's
employers still refusing to hire
Negroes. He also observed that
st. Louis record of twelve to
fourteen all-Negro strikes led the
country.
Allen of Baltimore predicted
serious conflict in employment after
the war, but emphasized the fact
that with 10000 Negroes having
moved into a residential area with
out an appreciate expansion of the
area, early, serious conflict was
likely.
Gould was the sole optimist in
the group. He expressed himself
as not too pessimistic about the
progress of race relations efforts
in number of areas in Chicago.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-23

Miss Norma Jensen, assistant
field director, for the National off
fee, gave a brief report on her
weeks activities in the Minneapolis
schools.
St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000, 1945-03-23
Illiteracy; Inadequate Training
Given as Reason for 92nd
Divisions Combat Showing
By JOHN CHABOT SMITH
By Wireless to the Herald Tribune
COnVriRht l045 New York Tribune Inc

n y Continental
ROME, March 1.-The War Department is making a
special effort to find out why the 92nd Infantry Division and
other Negro combat units have made unsatisfactory show
ng and to work out methods for dealing with the par
tcuar problems of Negro troops revealed today by
Evening star., 1945-11-10
| Police Raiders
Get milne for
Numbers Pinch

Queuing up, a. procedure well
known to Washingtonians who eat
meat or ride buses, has spread to a
new field, Detective Sergts. Howard
Ogle and Paul H. Clarke report.
They stood in line several minutes
yesterday to arrest a pair of gam
bling suspects.
The line-of would-be numbers
players-was formed in an alley
outside building in the first block
of G street NV, they reported.
They were directed to it through a
store next door by an unsuspect-
ing colored man acting as sentry.
The antigambling officers reported
finding an elaborate establishment,
complete with bank-type paying
wicket.
They arrested men identified as
John w. Grover, jr., AZ. of the 600
block of Fifth street NV, and John
]. Willis, IS, of the first block Of
Massachusetts, avenue NV. They
were charged with setting up
gambling table.
United States Commissioner
Needham c. Turnage today con-
tinued the case of the three men
until November %. Bonds were set
at 81 500 each.
Earlier in the day five colored
men were arrested in gambling
raids at the Whitelaw Hotel and at
premises in the 100 block of G
street S.W.
Evening star., 1945-11-10
Big Flights TO Study
Cosmic Rays Planned

Preliminary plans for a series of
B-29 flights between Washington
and the equator to study cosmic rays
were announced by the National
Geographic Society yesterday.
The flights, which will be under
Joint auspices of the society and the
Air Forces, probably will get under
way next spring and will be directed
by Maj. Gen. Curtis E. LIE May,
former commander of the Goth Air
Force. They will be at attitudes
ranging from 5 1000 to 25 900 feet. The
planes will be equipped with meas
uring instruments of the newest
design for detecting radiation.
Cosmic rays, constantly lombard
ing the earth from outer space, pre-
sumably are the result of atomic
disintegration in stars or space be-
tween the stars and are similar to
those which take place when an
atomic bomb explodes.
Evening star., 1945-11-10
Crop Prospects Show
Slight Drop in October
By the Associated Press.


Crop prospects declined slightly
during October to bring the aggre-
gate indicated production to abou,
u of per cent below the record
wartime crops of 1912 and 1914, the
Agriculture Department reported
late yesterday.
Nevertheless, record crops were
reported for wheat, oats, rice. to-
bacco, sugar cane, peaches, pears
early and midseason oranges. grape
fruit, almonds, hops and truck crops
for market.
Near-record crops of hay. potatoes
fiax seed. soy beans, peanuts, pecans
walnuts and grapes are being
harvested.
Indications point to larger than
average crops of barley, sweet po-
tatoes, sugar cane for sirup and
buckwheat, the department said
Below-average crops we're reported
for rye, sugar beets, broom corn
sorgo sirup and dry beans.
Evening star., 1945-11-10

I received my first letter from my
wife at this Muksaq camp. 1t came
on May /, 1914, and I read it SO
often that I nearly wore it out. !
cannot tell you what it meant to me
to hear from Adele after 20 months
I heard too, from my son, another
joyful day, and from worried parents
of boys WIZ mad served under me
and who were miss ag-terribly hard
letters to which to And an adequate
reply. Il
Biggest M, squitoes.
Spring brought ! Eth it very kind
weather but, in 40 htion, the most
ferocious and biggt & mosquitoes !
ever saw. Our days and nights be-
came a constant st uggle to keep
from being bitten. he mosquitoes
came up in droves from the rice
paddles in the valley below us. and
the Japs made scant provision
against them. We all had a dread
of malaria. 1t would have been fatal
to many of us, and by now We had
lived so long in captivity that none
of us wanted to be stricken at this
late date.
We often wondered what had hap
pened to the 80 officers and men
from whom we had been separated at
Tamazato, and I eventually learned
the details from Brig. Gen. Lewis
Beebe, who underwent their full or
deal.
The men were moved from Tam
azato back to Karenko for two days,
then sent by boat and rail around
the northern end of Formosa to the
east coast, and thence ridden and
marched to Shirakawa Camp. 1t
was in some ways worse than Ka-
frenko, for the men arrived during
the rainy summer of 1913 and were
given absolutely no protection
against malarial mosquitoes for
many days.
A number of serious cases of ma
laria soon developed at Shirawaka
and in short order it had become a
virtual epidemic. There was not
enough room in the makeshift hos
pital for the fever ridden men,
Many had to stay in the barracks.
There was little or no medical at
tention given to them.
Officers Put to Work.
In the autumn of 1943, when the
rains stopped, the officers were or
dered to work on the Shirakawa
prison farm and other projects.
They were forced to construct a
dam, and the earth had to be moved
| coolie-fashion in wicker baskets sep
arated by stick that rested on
their shoulders. In the sitting late
summer heat the men stripped down
to their shorts, and when these were
gone they tore up whatever clothing
they had and made breech cloths
Their bony bodies became the color
of mahogany. From generals to pri-
Yates they were treated as utter
slaves.
The sweet potatoes they raised
were the first of their garden prod
ucts to reach maturity. They had
waited in great anguish to eat these
for they had been kept on their
starvation diet of rice and water
soup. But when the potatoes were
picked the Japs took virtually all OF
the harvest. ate most of it them.
selves, fed much of the remainder te
the animals or permitted the pota.
toes to rot in sight of the men starv-
ing for them.
Our men at Shirakawa had to stea
food in order to live, and many pitt.
less beatings resulted. But a mar
would take the risk Of beating i
it meant that he could get some.
thing in his stomach.