davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
british Settlement at Half Price
with Note for Balance Urqed !

grave mistake" for Britain to ac-
cept smaller sum on sitter condt-t
tons.
+ "A minimum Of six billion doll
lars, on terms amounting to full
grant, would enable us to accept
the free exchange, stable rate, non-rs
discriminating approach to the a
problems Of international economic !.
order Anything else would not" ,
the Economist added so
Might Use Bargaining.
Lacking such grant, the Econo- :
mist says, then there will be nothing
for it but to make the best possible >
use of any bargaining counters that
Britain possesses. -
This alternative would necessarily
take the form of building up the
sterling area-that is to say, of giving
definite and deliberate preference
in British purchases to those coun-
tries that would accept payment in
sterling
There would have to be strict
economy of all foreign exchange
which would involve the mainten-
ance of exchange restrictions even
for current trade 5a
And creditors would have to I'M
derstand that their hope of getting
any return at all on their balances
lay in assisting the United Kingdom
to build up, within the sterling area,
such a f1ourishing trade that the
debts could be gradually repaid in
goods" !
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19

with the sea, with Southern Man
churia, Korea and China.
The Soviet newspaper Red Star,
estimating that the highly indie
pendent Kwantung army numbered
more than 1,000,000 men. said that
in addition to the Kwantung army
there is the auxiliary strength of
the so-called army Of Manchuria, "
puppet force under Japanese off,
GERS.
Front dispatches said that fight
ing on Sakhalin Island was grim
and hard. japanese counterattacks
were reported in one fortified zone
on the island and Japanese soldiers
dressed in Red Army uniforms were
captured.
These suicide Japanese troops had
raided Russian artillery positions
and ambushed Soviet troops from
tree tops and from behind trees
Amid pouring rain and thick mud
Russian soldiers were finding the
japanese as treacherous as the
Americans found them in the Pa
cific.
In one case, a dispatch said, Red
Army soldier saw an apparently
wounded japanese, but when the
Russian turned around to summon
first aid, the japanese soldier
sprang up and drove a dagger
through the Russians back.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
British Dean 10 Permit
Peace Services Today

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Aug. 18-The Very
Rev. C. C. Thicknesse, dean of St.
Adams who protested the atomic
bomb by banning a VI thanks
giving service in the abbey Wednes-
day, said such a service would be
held tomorrow.
"Of course we must thank God
that the world is now at peace after
it's long agony, but I felt we must
keep a sense of proportion" he said.
Banning of Wednesdays service
seemed to be the best way of doing
it. I did what any plain man would
do if he thought it was his duty"
The dean said his action brought
heavy mail response, with most
writer's agreeing with his position
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Russian
Continued From First Page.)

Meretskovs armies would cut of
thousands Of Japanese troops in
Northern Manchuria from any link
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Ey the Associated presa

Ey the Associated Press.
| LONDON, Aug. 19-The Econo-
mist, influential publication in its
field in Britain, proposes that Eng
land straighten out her financial
problems by, in effect, paying half
her debts off at SO cents on the
dollar and giving her note for the
balance.
Asking where Britain would get
the money for such partial settle
ment, the magazine answers:
Clearly, there could only be one
source-the United States
The Economist estimated United
Kingdom debts exclusive of liability
for lease-lend would be between
four and five billion pounds ZIG to
20 billion dollars.
Scaling Down Proposed.
This should be scaled down, it
declares, for "many of these debts,
as is well known, represent heavy
expenditure in countries with in
flated price levels it is wholly
reasonable to ask for some abate
ment of the debts on this account. u
In bargaining for such reduction
the Economist suggests that Britain
offer to pay in cash an amount OF
the debt equivalent to the portion
forgiven because of imitation OF
prices, saying, IF the remission
amounts to one-fifth or one-quarter
Of the whole, the repayment might
equally amount to one-flfth or one
quarter of the whole"
1.-THE remaining so or go per cent
could then be funded" the publ
cation adds.
Assuming the total at four billion
pounds (16 billion dollars the Econ
omist said the funded balance would
be approximately equal to the re-
manning portion of Britain's prewal
overseas assets"
Would Need Six Billion.
Actually, the Economist estimated
Britain would need total of about
six billion dollars to settle her ster.
ling debts and, If the United State.
wishes to smooth the way for full
British cooperation in the Breton
Woods and other schemes, the mag.
nitude of the sum required shoulc
not be underestimated nor its ma
ture mistaken"
Six billion dollars is not larg'
: sum as public finances 60 in tn,
United States these days" the Econ
On1ist argues And if it were de
sired to make grant without speci
fed conditions of interest or repay
ment-that is, to bring it under thu
, lease-lend system-ample reason
{ could be found
; The Economist admits that "by al
the available indications, it woult
be almost impossible to carry an.
such proposal through Congress
, but contends it would be a "ver,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Senators Urge Approval
OF Single Surplus Head

BY the Associated Press.
Prompt approval of President
Humans suggestion that surplus
property disposal be placed under
direction of single head was urged
yesterday by a Senate subcommit-
tee.
Senator OMahoney, Democrat, Of
Wyoming, announced that five
man Military Affairs Subcommittee,
which he heads, has approved bill
to substitute a single administrator
for the present three-man surplus
property board.
The report urged that the full
committee report the bill to the
Senate floor as soon as possible after
Congress reconvenes.
At the same time, Sen. O'Mahoney
told news conference, the subcom-
mittee is continuing study of other
phases of surplus property disposal,
and has sought suggestions from
Government agencies, industry, la
Dor groups and State and local gov
ernments.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Noted Nazi Reported
Hiding in Argentina
Without Interference
By the Associated Press.


MONTEVIDEO, Aug. 1S-Willy
Koehn, former German consul gen.
eral in Spain and a key figure in
prewar Nazi infiltration of South
America, was declared by Argentine
exiles today to be in hiding in Pata-
gonia with the knowledge of the
Buenos Aires government.
In an informative bulletin" the
Montevideo Executive Committee of
Patria Libre, Argentine opposition
movement, said Koehn landed on
Argentine soil last July 10 from the
U-530, German submarine which
surrendered at Mar del Plata.
Koehn, once commissar for all
South America for the German Ma
tional Socialist party, Patria Libre
said. now is on big estate owned
by the Rural Industries Co. in the
Rio Negro territory of Patagonia.
The bulletin added that data
about the arrival of Koehn Is in
the hands of Argentine federal po-
lice who have done nothing, al
though they have known the facts
for 20 days" ,s...- .s.t-.-
Koehn, according to Patria Libre,
gave up job as a salesman in
Chile to go to Germany when Hit
Ter came to power and after a few
months training, returned to Buenos
Aires in December, 1888, to set up
headquarters as Nazi chief for the
continent.
He was recalled to Berlin in 1896,
the bulletin said, served three years
as consul general in Spain and dur
ing the war headed first the South
American section of Goebbels' prop
uganda ministry and then the Latin
American section Of the Nazi for
eign office.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Thyssen, Under Guard, Awaits
RuIinq of War Crimes Group

consideration was shown him al
Oranienburg and other Nazi con-
centration camps.
gThyssen himself has denied
Goering's claim. He said that the
former reichsmarshal took posses
sion Of his art treasures when his
property was conflscated under q
special law.
Thyssen expressed the belief that
he was shown consideration by the
Gestapo because Heinrich Hmm
Ter was using him in an effort
to work up case against Goering
He said his interrogations for six
months were on subjects which in
timately concerned Goering.
Early Hitler Admirer.
The records show that Thyssen
was an admirer of Hitler long be-
fore the Munich putsch of 1923. At
that time Thyssen led a movement
against the French occupation of
the Ruhr. He was assisted by DR.
Hjalmar Schacht, later head Of the
Reichsbank, and Hermann Roech-
ling a steel and coal magnate.
Thyssen's interest In Hitler. the
records show, persuaded him to pay
out substantial sums of money" to
Hitler through the late Gen. Erich
Ludendorff, who acted as 60
between.
These sums were augmented at
intervals by additional gifts, and in
1882 Hitler accepted Thyssen's in
vitation to speak to Ruhr industrial
lists at Dusseldorf. AS Hitler con-
cluded his address, Thyssen sprang
to his feet crying, Hell Hitler!"
Oficers said Thyssen had ad-
mitted that he continued to sup
port the Nazis all through Hitler s
climb. He said that he SHE'D away
from the Nazis after he saw the
ultimate course Germany intended
and cited this telegram to Goering
protesting the war as proof.
Schacht Is With Thyssen.
Schacht and Roechling are with
Thyssen today behind barbed wire.
In 1899 Schacht was dismissed as
head of the Reichsbank, but in that
position he had helped the Reich's
rearmament.
Roechling held vast steel and coal
interests in the Saar. The French
put price on his head during the
first World War. Later they SEN
fenced him in absentia to 10 years
He was charged
with dispoiling French territory then
occupied by Germany by uprooting
whole factories and transferring
them to the Reich.
This sentence never was effective
because the French never got their
hands on Roechling. A quarter Of
a century later the Vichy regime de-
clared the proceedings void and
granted him amnesty.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Police Chief and Wife
Dead in Home tragedy
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
MADISON, ILL.,, Aug. 18.-Police
Chief Stephen ]. Lengyel, A, was
shot to death as he slept in his home
early today and his wife, Mrs.
Pauline Lengyel, 43, died of bullet
wounds in hospital several hours
later.
A daughter, Dorothy, who arrived
home last night on a seven-day
leave from the WAC, told author
tiles she was awakened by gunfire
She found her father dead of four
bullet wounds from his pistol. Her
mother was unconscious from
wounds in the temple and chest.
Madison police said Mrs. Lengyel
had shown extreme nervousness
since Japan's surrender was an
nounced. Her son, Stephen, jr., Is
with a naval unit in the Pacific.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Macarthur Address
Before CONGRESS Urqed

Chairman May of the House Mill
tary Affairs Committee proposed
yesterday that Gen. Macarthur be
invited to address a joint session
Of Congress at his convenience.
Mr.. May said he would discuss
the proposal with Speaker Rayburn
and draft a concurrent resolution
inviting the Pacific war leader to
come to the Capitol when he can.
Gen. Eisenhower addressed a
joint session of Congress shortly
after the surrender of Germany.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19

bases, the committee had this to
say:
I'VE will have restored peace to
the Pacific almost single handedly
and If we are to be charged with
the responsibility of maintaining
that peace, we must be given the
authority and the means by which
to maintain the peace-one of the
principal means being the authority
over strategic islands in the Pacific.
Prewar mandates mean little
to enforcement of world peace if
the countries that hold them are
incapable of maintaining and de-
Tending the islands"
Draws Defense Line.
The United States strategy of de-
Tense in the Pacific, the committee
said, should revolve about center
line running north of the equator,
through the Hawaiian Islands, the
Marshalls, the Carolines, the Mari
anas and the Philippines, with the
northern flank protected by the
Aleutians and the Kuriles and the
southern by "a mixture of islands"
held outright by, or under the man.
date of, the British, the French.
the Australians, the New Zealand
ers, the Dutch, the Portuguese and
Chile.
The southern flank, the committee
commented, is the area in which
conflicts of interest are the great
est"
Suggest Self-Rule.
Other nations, the committee said,
cannot overlook the fact that the
United States not only led the
fight in liberating this area but also
that it has established, at great
expense of American lives and
American money, American bases on
certain of these islands The
loss of American lives in the re-
capture of such places as Tarawa
in the British Gilberts cannot be
forgotten"
The committee said all the
islands should ultimately be given
their independence" or remain
United States territory, perhaps as
the state of the American Pacific"
THE United States should adopt
an intensive program of teaching
English to the natives of the islands
retained" the committee declared;
the natives should be "indoctrinated
to the American way of life as soon
as possible without infringing upon
their customs and institutions, -
and "the maximum of self-rule at
!, the earliest time" should be en-
lcouraged.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Bases
Continued From First Page. }

nese islands of the Izus, Bonins ano
Ryukyus.
2. The United States should have
specific and substantial rights tc
sites where American bases have
been constructed on island terri
tories of Allied nations.
3. With respect to Manus, Nou-
mea, Espiritu Santo, Guadalcana
and other sites of American bases
on islands inundated to, or claimed
by, other nations full title to those
bases should be given to the United
States because these other nations
are not capable of defending such
islands ." and "as these bases
are links in our chain of security
we cannot permit any link
to be in the hands of those who
will not or cannot defend it."
4. The United States must MOI
permit its Pacific bases to lapse
back into state of unpreparedness
as in the case of Guam and Wake
prior to the present war.
Main fleet bases, the committee
added, should be maintained Al
Pearl Harbor, Guam and Saipan
Iloilo in the Philippines, Manus ir
the Admiralties, and Noumea II
New Caledonia.
Secondary bases, it said, SHOULD
be maintained in Midway, Okinawa
Subic Bay in the Philippines, ant
in the Palau Islands, with fleet an.
chorages at Majuro, Kwajalein, ane
Eniwetok in the Marshalls, at Trul
in the Palau Islands, ana at Els.
piritu Santo in the New Hebrides.
Widen Airbase Hold.
The committee urged retention il
operational condition of landplan,
bases now under Allied control; de-
velopment of Mactan Island, in tn,
Philippines, as main naval airbase
and maintenance of landplane ant
seaplane bases at Puerto Princesa
Tawi TaWi and Guimeras in tn,
Philippines; Okinawa in the Ryu
kyus, strategic sites in the Bonins
the Kuriles and the Aleutians; Pear
Harbor, Midway, Canton, Johnston
and other locations in the Hawai-
ians; Samoa, and Tontouta, Ma
genta, Espiritu Santo, Efate ant
Guadalcanal.
Control of the islands named b.
the committee has, in the past
been in the following hands:
Japan-Saipan, Okinawa, Palau
Majuro, Kwajalein, Eniwetok, Trul
the Bonias, the Kuriles, Palau.
Britain or Australia - Manus
Guadalcanal.
Joint British and French-Espi
ritu Santo, Efate.
French Tontouta, Magents
Noumea.
United States - Pearl Harbol
Guam, Iloilo, Midway, Subic Ba.
Mactan, Puerto Princesa, Tav
Tawi, Guimeras, the Aleutian
Canton, Johnston, American Same;
Would Take Jap Holdings.
The committee did not discus
American islands or Allied island
still in the hands of the Japanes,
It will deal with them in a late
report.
1t emphasized, however. that tn
United States should take out
right" the Japanese inundated is
lands and "the outlying Japanes
islands"
ITO those who challenge the jus
tfcation" f~ retention OF Pacifi
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Estimated 100000 Prisoners
Awaiting Liberation From Jups


Thailand, where the Japanese had
about 10000 to $4,000 captives from
the Malayan campaign who were
building a railroad from Bangkok
to Burma. Reports cleaned pre-
viously in reconuuered areas such as
Boreno have told of a tremendous
death rate from hardships, MANU-
triton and lack of adequate medi-
cal care for men who became so
weak they could barely drag them
selves along.
Conditions Reported Bad.
The Red Cross summary said:
Conditions here probably were
worst of all in the Far East. British
authorities estimate about half of
these prisoners died Most of the
survivors were transferred to Japan
on completion of the railroad. Prob
ably only few thousand still are
in Thailand-mostly British and
Dutch together with few Ameri-
cans captured in Java"
In Japan's more than a hundred
camps, the summary said. are
about 1000 American nationals,
mostly from the Philippines, Guam
and Wake; about 5000 Dutch; 5000
to 5000 Australians, mostly tech
nicians and able bodied workers;
about 1000 Canadians from Hong
Kong and about $4,000 English.
800 Civilians in Japan.
OF about 600 civilian internees
in Japan approximately 200 are
American technicians and profess
sional men captured at Guam. The
rest are British. A camp near Tokyo
is reported to hold 60 to 80 women,
mostly Catholic sisters; 10 to IL
of them Americans and the re-
mainder Europeans. About IS mar
ried couples with a few children
are reported near Nagasaki.
In Korea, about 1000 English
and Australian prisoners of war
are reported in three camps. They
may be augmented by prisoners
from Formosa. Also listed in
Korea are five civilian internees-
four Canadian missionaries and an
f1AACilS Cll6lIlSCi.
Without official confirmation it Is
the belief that all Formosa prison.
ers were removed elsewhere by the
end of 1914.
In addition to American Marines,
eight camps around Shanghai are
believed to contain about 1000 men,
women and children, mostly British
but including about 600 Americans
and few Dutch.
Other Details Given.
The summary also gave these
other figures:
Peiping Civilian internment
camp with several hundred Euro
pean missionaries and few Amer
lean educators.
Shantung Province-About 1900
men, women and children in the
WiehSien camp, of whom about 200
are Americans and the rest British
and Dutch.
Hong Kong-In the war prisoner
camp at Kowloon, on the mainland
between 1000 and 1900 mainly Ca
nadians and other British nationals,
with a score of American merchant
seamen; at the Stanley internment
camp on an island, $500 men,
women and children, predominantly
British, but with 200 Dutch and
about Is Americans.
Canton-A small internee camp
with about so persons.
Indo-China-About 5000 Austria
T liam and British prisoners Of war,
with few Americans. !
M a approximately 5000
British and about 40 Americans in
civilian camp at Singapore; prob
ably few thousand prisoners in
other camps. OF these camps, the
report said, conditions here too
orc hoI
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Airport Users Conference
To 0pen Here Tomorrow =.

Problems incident to, the develop
ment of a national system of air.
ports will be discussed at the Third
Joint Airport Users Conference,
sponsored by the National Aero
nautic Association at the Hotel
Statler tomorrow and Tuesday.
Tomorrow's sessions will be divided
between a study of airport construc-
ton and design and the legislative
steps necessary for the national sys-
tenn. Julien G. Sourwine, counsel
of the Senate District Committee
will lead the latter discussion. The
financial aspects will be discussed
Tuesday. Fred Bailey, legislative
counsel for the National Grange
will speak on the Importance o1
the airport system to agriculture.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Nv the Associated Press.


FRANKFURT ON MAIN, Aug. 10
Fritz Thyssen, the German indus
trialist who helped finance Adolf
Hitler's climb to power, is living
under British guard in a castle near
Frankfurt pending disposition OF his
case by the United Nations War
Crimes Commission.
With him are approximately rs
other survivors of the Nazi indus
trial and fiscal regime.
Enfeebled, Thyssen and his wife
were picked up by Allied troops In
the italian Tyrol near the Swiss
border early this summer. His wife
later was released. She is living near
Munich. ThySsen, who claims to be
man without a nationality, was
transferred to the jurisdiction OF
Supreme Allied Headquarters in
June.
The castle formerly was rest
home for German air force officers
and later served as a headquarters
for Hitler. 1t is entirely under Britt
ish guard. The only Americans
there are Interrogation officers.
Poorly Dressed.
Thyssen, dressed in a shirt much
too large and ragged coat, displays
little interest in Allied attempts to
fill in the gaps in his career. An
authoritative source said:
"All he thinks about is his family.
His whole interest is in getting to
his wife and taking care of her"
The records show peculiar devel-
opments in Thyssen's career begin
ming with a telegram he sent to
Hermann Goering August 81, 1899,
protesting the war. At that time
he crossed from Austria into Swift
zerland with his wife, daughter,
son-in-law and grandson.
Subsequently his daughter, with
her husband and child, made her
way to Argentina on funds supplied
by a personal holding trust which
Thyssen had established in the
principality Of Liechtenstein.
Thyssen and his wife then went
to Brussels. Six months later they
were in Paris and then moved to
the Riviera. When the Germans
occupied all of France Thyssen was
picked up by the French secret
police at Cannes and turned over to
the Gestapo.
Treated Well by Gestapo.
Thyssen was treated with consid-
Grafton by the Gestapo and placed
in a sanitarium where he lived for
two years. Goering has claimed
credit for this, saying that his in
tervention saved the indsutrialist
from being shot.
Allied authorities, however, say
they believe that Thyssen never
was considered dangerous or HARM
full to the Nazi regime. They said
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-19
Meeting Will Discuss
Outlook for Negro

The postwar status of the Negro
will be discussed at q mass meeting
at pm. tomorrow at the triangle
formed by the intersection Of Ver-
mont avenue and Tenth and U
streets NV, under sponsorship OF
the District branch OF the National
Association for the Advancement OF
Colored People.
Speakers will include DR.. r.
O'Hara Lanier, special director
of the United Nations Relief and
Rehabilitation Administration; DR.
Charles R. Drew, professor OF
surgery, Howard University, and
DR.. Frank s. Horne, race relations
adviser, Federal Public Housing
Authority.