davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-04-12

The Democrats in New York are
turning longing eyes on the two choice
political Offices in State and Clty-the
governorship and the Mayors Office
neither of which they now hold. They
elect a Mayor of New York this year,
and they hope, if they can win, 1t Will
be a precursor of another victory IN
the gubernatorial race next year. There
is much jockeying and behind-the-
scenes activity already. Mayor La
Guardia, who was elected first to Con-
gress as a Republican, then as Social
ist and who is now member OF the
American Labor party, has blasted
Democratic hopes three times in the
past, running as fusion candidate
against Democratic opponents. He may
turn the trick again, although the
Democrats are talking hopefully. One
thing the Mayor must have. if he is to
succeed. That is the Republican nomi-
nation, as we'll as that of the American
Labor party. Up to date he has made
no announcement of his plans.
Mayor La Guardia has made enemies
during his long term of service. He
also has done a good job and he will
have the support of a lot OF lndepend-
ent voters if he seeks reelection. The
Republicans are in the minority in New
York City They haven't a chance of
electing a Republican Mayor. BY sup
porting La Guardia, as they have in the
past, they can perhaps again keep the
city government out of Democratic ma
chine control What they don't like
about La Guardia is that he has failed
to support the COP nominee for Gov
ernor and President. Whether they
will back him again. or toss him to the
wolves, is the question.
While the Democrats have not yet
picked their mayoralty candidate, there
has been much talk of District Attor-
ney William ODwyer. who cleaned up
Murder Incorporated in Brooklyn
There has been talk, too, of Representa-
tive Emanuel Celler of Brooklyn, who
has been a member of the House since
1923. Gossip has it that La Guardia
might make bid for the Democratic
nomination himself-it would be bold
bid, but in view of the Democratic am
bitions to get hands on the Mayors
Office it would not only be hazardous,
but also doomed to failure.
The gubernatorial race, while not di-
rectly connected with the mayoralty
election. may lean somewhat on what
Evening star., 1945-04-12
This Changing World
Bv COnSfanfine BrOzUu

There is only one organized front left
in Germany where the remaining units
of the Wehrmacht, the SIS and the
Volkssturm still have the semblance of
an organized, cohesive force. That is
the eastern front extending from south
of BreSlau to the Baltic Sea.
The western front can be considered
as having completely collapsed. No
longer does there appear to be a supreme
command in control of the forces, esti-
mated at less than 100000 men. Local
group commanders act on their own
initiative and the resistance is based
entirely on whether the senior officer
considers it his duty to fight to the
last or feels that surrender is the best
policy.
The excellent network of rail and road
communications is helping the Ameri-
can, British, Canadian and Polish divi-
sions more than the Germans them
selves. No more supplies are reaching
the Germans from any center. The
groups which happen to be well pro-
vided with war material and food will,
as rule, resist longer than those which
have been provided with limited sup
plies in the hope that more could be
sent from the main centers.
The whole picture in Western Ger
many is one of great chaos and the
remaining German resistance could be
described as large-scale guerrilla war
waged by groups which are no longer
connected with one another.
y x 4
Some of the best SIS divisions are be-
lieved to have withdrawn into the Ba-
varian mountains while similar forces
stationed in Northern Germany and
Denmark are reported to have been
transported into Norway, where the
Nazis expect to be able to hold out
until the middle of the summer or early
fall.
On the eastern front, however, there
still are numerous fortresSes, pillboxeS
and other modern defensives which the
remnants of Hitlers army could use for
a ast-dltch resistance. In spite of the
heavy losses suffered by the Germans
since January when the Red Armies
opened their offensive across the Vistula,
there still are about 100000 Germans
organized in miscellaneous divisions
with more or less adequate supplies and
about 900 planes
Evening star., 1945-04-12
The Secret Path

Whoever kno,Us the great, proud tellow-
ship
OF art, shall be foreDer deeply meek.
For he 1Uiu haze this secret path to slip
Beyond all boredom, and he need not
seek
Companionship OF any 1ho has free
Full access to the masters OF all time.
For him those spirits from eternity
Will alWays speak in color, notes or
rhyme,
He is their friend and pupil; earth and
sky
The ocean, the hereafter, time and
space
Wait upon his searching. And it he try
To make, himself, some sight or
sound OF grace,
To make some poem, painting or some
song
Those brothers stand beside him, kind
and Strongi
VIRGINIA SCOTT MINER.
Evening star., 1945-04-12

1t is not likely nevertheless, that this
force will be able to offer much re-
siStance when the Russians open their
major drive on Berlin. On the Baltic
Breslau front alone, the Russians are
reported to have 100000 men sup
ported by almost unlimited quantities of
war material and, if necessary by the
American-BritiSh air squadrons which
outnumber the enemy by at least IS to l.
The final Russian drive toward Berlin
Is expected soon. For several weeks the
Russians on that front were occupied
mostly with SOftening-up operations
while they were delivering massive
blows at the Germans in Austria. The
German armies defending Vienna have
been completely destroyed and the
Russians have before them only mop
ping-up tasks which will lead them to
Graz and Salzburg. This will require
only limited effort
= u u
The delay in the Soviet offensive
against Berlin is said to have been due
to the fact that the armies of Gen.
Eisenhower have been far ahead of
their schedule 1t was assumed by the
American British general staffs that the
resistance on the east bank of the
Rhine and before the many important
German centers in Western Germany
would be much more stubborn and
longer than it turned cut to be.
Under these circumstances, the Rus
slams decided to marx time in orde!
to make a simultaneous attack with
their western Allies. And the lull was
employed by them in conQuerin2 Vienna,
a city considered by The Nazis as IN
portant as Berlin.
The surprising collapse of the German
front in the west and the ease with
which the Russians have reduced Aus
tria has brought the two Allied Armies
closer together and will now necoSsitate
an all-out Russian offensive across the
Oder River to time their entry IN Berlin
with that of the other Allied forces.
The Russians are said to tcnCVe that
they will meet a much sterncr CppOsi-
tion than the Anglo Americans, but
their numbers and equipment is so over
Whelming that they have no hesitation
in saying that the German eastern front
will become a thing Cf the pas before
the end of this month.
Evening star., 1945-04-12
No Future for Japan.
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

e iAI"S A'fof
is certain. There is nothing Japan can
do to keep American troops from taking
over OkinaWa Island and using it as a
base for air attacks against Japan and
for the extension of the blockade that
is slowly throttling Japan's war produc-
ton. They can win a little delay. but
that is all. There is. to repeat. no fu-
ture to all this from the japanese view
point.
That this fact-the most important
single fact which is emerging from the
military events in the Far Eastern war
has escaped Japanese attention is
hardly to be believed. The japanese
tactics of evading open-country opera
tions on Luzon and OkinaWa tell us
very clearly that the japanese know
they are outmatched on the ground,
and if they do not know that they are
outmatched at sea and in the air, they
are unable to draw conclusions from
the simplest and clearest of lessons.
In such situation the obvious course
of action for reasonably intelligent
Japanese is to try to negotiate peace
before the whole of Japan is reduced
to a blackened ruin. The only bar
gaining point remaining to Japan is
the price in lives which she can expect
from her opponents before further re-
sistance becomes physically impossible.
From now on, we shall see Japanese
peace feelers" eliminating in a full
dress peace offer shortly after the end
of organized resistance in Germany.
There is, indeed, no other course for
any Japanese government with the
slightest regard for Japan's future to
take But if the people of this country
and of our Allies have any regard for
our own future, we must not even
consider any such japanese offer which
is not based on unconditional surrender.
We have come a long way at heavy
cost, toward complete victory in the
fighting before it is finally attained.
We cannot afford to cast aside all that
we have gained at such bitter price
because the cost of going on to final
accomplishment may seem too great.
Great as it may be, it will be as Moth
ing compared to the cost of having to
do the Job all over again after Japa-
nese recovery.
AS we stand now, we have reduced
Japan to situation which has no
future, militarily speaking. We must
not permit-we dare not permit-the
war lords of Japan to regain that fu-
ture for their evil designs of which
our fighting men have now deprived
them.
copyright. 1e45)
Evening star., 1945-04-12
Promise to Austria

LII QtCldIlIlR W Illc pcoPlC VI
Vienna and of Austria as whole
that it has no intention of acquiring
any of their territory or of changing
their social system, Russia empha-
sizes that the Red Army has come
into the country as liberating force
and that it will act in accordance
with the policy adopted jointly by
Britain. the United States and the
Soviet Union at the Moscow Confer
ence in 1943.
Under this policy Hitler's forcible
annexation of Austria is considered
null and void and the AuStrianS are
to have an opportunity to re-estab-
lish themselves as a free and indie
pendent nation. At the same time,
however, as Mr.. Hull pointed out on
his return from Moscow. "the treat
ment to be accorded them will de-
pend upon the contribution which
they will make toward the defeat of
Germany and the liberation of their
SOullGIy.
So far. apparently. Russia is we'll
satisfied with the way the Austrians
are reacting. "The Austrian popula-
tion," it declares, "is resisting the
evacuation carried out by the Ger
mans, is remaining in its place and
meeting Hospitality the Red Army as
the liberator of Austria from the
yoke of the Hitlerites." The official
statement then goes on to say that
the Russian high command has Or
dered Soviet troops to help the peo-
pie restore democratic order and
institutions.
It is possible that before the Nazis
are cleared out entirely, there will
be a junction of American and Rus
sian forces somewhere in Austria, in
which case the responsibilities Of
promoting the return of free politi-
cal structure will probably be shared.
In any event. the Soviet Union has
gone out of its way to promise ad-
herence to the joint policy agreed
upon at Moscow. This is a reasSur-
ing attitude: if nothing intervenes to
change it. disturbing inter-Allied
misunderstanding will be avoided
and the Austrians will have a good
chance to recover from what Hitler
has done to them and to become
once more an independent people.
Evening star., 1945-04-12
Hanover

An ancient legend tells that the
name of Hanover originally was
Hohenufer, signifying High Bank"
and perhaps referring to a dixie
or series of dikes raised up to
protect the town from being
flooded by the Rivers Leine and
lime. The country roundabout is
very low. Much of it is moorland
with occasional growths of beech
and oak. Still other areas are
swampy meadows where, in normal
times, fine herds of cattle Craze.
The drier portions support vast
f1ocks of sheep. Horses of distinc-
ton also are bred in the neighbor-
hood.
Hanover proper appears in his
tory in the twelfth century. 1t be-
longed to the Wolf family, later
members of which became dukes of
Brunswick and Luneburg and
electors of the Holy Roman Empire.
An accident-the fact that none of
Queen Anne's numerous children
survived her-brought George Louis
of Gutenberg to the throne of Great
Britain and Ireland, and his great
granddaughter was Victoria, great
grandmother of the present wearer
of the crown. The ties between the
House of Windsor and it's CONT
mental relations were very close until
a few years before the outbreak
of the First World War. AS recently
as 1896, indeed, portraits of Edward
VII and George v hung on the walls
of hotels in the Hanover sector of
the Reich.
These hostelries now almost Ger
tainly have been destroyed by the
bombing OF the city. Maps fur
nished to Allied flyers last August
showed among the cultural monu-
ments which it was desired to spare
the old royal palace or Schloss, built
between 1886 and 1910; the red brick
medieval Rathaus, restored in 1878;
the Kestner Museum, containing the
Evening star., 1945-04-12

collection Of works of art presented
by a descendant of the Lotte of
Goethe's "Werther";; the New Pro-
vincial Museum, built in 1897 to
shelter the Cumberland and Guelph
pictures and sculptures; the Mu-
nicipal Library and the Markt-
Kirche. Reports from the scene,
however, suggest that few, if any, of
the structures listed actually have
been saved. The devastation al
legedly is complete. That means
that the Hanover dear to many
American tourists in days of yore
has vanished-another sacrifice to
Hitler's fanatic unwillingness to con-
cede the failure of his futile instinct.
Evening star., 1945-04-12
Mr.. Lewis Wins Aquin

The reports which described the
new soft coal agreement as a great
victory" for John L. Lewis are not
exaggerated if by that it is meant
that he has again demonstrated ex-
ceptional ability to use his economic
power to obtain substantial conceS-
sionS for the miners he represents.
When Mr.. Lewis won an overall
increase of $3.50 day for his miners
during the preceding negotiations
he was supposed to have secured all
he could get under the Little Steel
formula, and at that the formula
was stretched bit to accommodate
the higher pay. But the argument
then was that the increases were
within the stabilization program be-
cause the miners were to work long
er hours and therefore were being
paid more for greater production.
But under the agreement which has
just been worked out. the miners are
to get more money-an average of
$1.2O a day more-without any ad-
ditional working time. This agree
ment, if finally adopted, has to run
the gauntlet of the War Labor
Board, but it will be no easy mat
ter for that agency to veto it in any
important respect.
Mr.. Lewis went into the negotia-
tions armed with number of de-
mars, some of which presumably
woulr have been resisted to the
bitter end by the operators Among
these were the demand for ten-cent
royalty on each ton of coal mined
and the proposal for unionization of
some 10000 supervisory employees.
After weeks of debate these more
controversial demands were dropped
and the operators thereupon agreed
to the pay ncreases-apparently on
condition that the extra production
cost of about $150,OOO,0OO a year be
passed on to the consuming public
through authorization by OPA of a
price increase of twenty-five cents
a ton.
1t is also worth noting that Mr..
Lewis won these concessions at
time when wildcat strikes in the
captive mines, which supply steel
mills with coal, were cutting seri-
ously into the war effort. Secretary
Ickes, who is certainly not hostile to
the miners, said that the work STOP
page was Threatening the production
Of munitions and war equipment
just when our armies need our full
support to win victory in Europe"
That is merely another way of say
ing that the strikes were putting
pressure on the Government, and.
while they were not authorized by
Mr.. Lewis. they undoubtedly were
useful to him in gaining his terms.
Except that the strikes were of
the wildcat variety, however, the
pattern of these negotiations was
not greatly different from those that
went before. And the essential con-
cluSion remains pretty much the
same-namely, that it is little ri
diculous to describe these contract
negotiations as collective bargaining.
For, one way or another, Mr.. Lewis
has the wartime economic power to
get pretty much what he wants, and
he does not hesitate to use it.
Evening star., 1945-04-12
Which Way for Jopon?

The sudden resignation or the
Koiso cabinet, coinciding with and
probably in large part motivated by
MoscoW's denunciation of its non
aggression pact with Tokyo, started
a wave of speculative comment re-
garding the future course Of Japa-
nese foreign policy. The increas-
ingly grave military situation,
enhanced by the possibility of Rus
sian intervention on the Allied side,
led some observers to argue that
Japan might throw up the sponge
and genuinely sue for peace with
America and Britain before Russia
entered the war against her. On
the other hand, second school OF
thought anticipated an intensiflca-
ton of Japan's fanatical determi-
nation. perhaps leading to a pre-
ventive attack on Russia in Siberia
before the Soviet armies in the Far
East could be fully prepared for
aggressive action.
The tip-off as to which of these
alternatives was the more probable
might have been expected to be re-
vealed by the makeup of the new
japanese cabinet. Such expecta-
tions were not fulfilled by the per-
sonality chosen to form the new
government; because the Premier
designate, Admiral Baron Kentaro
Suzuki. was politically an enigma.
This 77-year-old naval officer, with
a long but rather undistinguished
professional and political career, had
been gravely wounded by the ia
natical young militarists who staged
an abortive revolutionary coup in
1886 and had then gone into COM
plete retirement. This decade of
seclusion enabled him to emerge
completely untouched by the sub
Sequent course of events.
Premier Suzuki's cabinet appoint
ments still do not dispel the uncer-
tainty regarding Japan's course of
action. Certain extreme militarists
have been nominated. notably Shi-
genori Togo. who as Foreign Min
lister in the Toto cabinet master
minded" the KuruSu mission to
Washington preceding Pearl Harbor;
General Kenji Doihara, who planned
the seizure of Manchuria, and Naoto
Kohiyama, president of the South
Manchuria Railway, a chauvinistic
empire builder" with an anti-Rus-
sian background. But these fire.
brands are offset by career diplo-
mats and professional military and
naval men with nonpolitical or
relatively moderate" regulations.
For the moment, at any rate. the
safest diagnosis is that the Suzuki
cabinet is a makeshift affair, de-
signed to bridge a trying interim
situation. The new Premier seems
to be making concessions to everv
important faction, while trying
simultaneously to Soothe and Solidi-
fly public opinion. His preliminary
statement that he stands ready to
die leading the nation in carrying
on the war and crushing the enemy"
was to be expected. He could not
have said less, under the circum-
stances. We should thus wait until
words are supplemented by positiv"
actions. Then. Japan's course can
more readily be interpreted.
Evening star., 1945-04-12

The situation of the japanese forces
in Southern Okinawa is, in miniature.
the military situation of the japanese
Empire as a whole There is no future
to it.
In Southern Okinawa the japanese
appear to have gathered together great
number of guns. They are laying down
a heavy scale of artillery fire. But front
correspondents agree, so far, that the
japanese use of artillery on Okinawa as
everywhere else,' is not equal in tech
nique to our own field gunners, and in
addition the japanese batteries must
cope with the heavy reply of American
and British naval guns, and with con-
slant air attacks, to which they can
make no adequate reply. AS battery
after battery is knocked out, the Japa-
nese are forced, as they have always
been forced, to fall back on their tough.
hard-fighting infantry-which is, indeed,
their sole reliable military asset
In Southern Okinawa the japanese
stood on the defensive to await an
American attack which they knew was
coming, but which they were powerless
to forestall.' They could not go out and
meet it at sea because their fleet and
their air force had long since been re-
duced to impotence. They could not
meet it at the beach because they know
that their army was not able to face
the American ground fighting team in
anything like open terrain. They had
no choice save to take up the best de-
fensive positions they could find, mass
as many guns and other weapons as
they could assemble there, and wait to
be attacked, we'll knowing that they
could receive no help and no rescue.
There is no future in that sort of thing
in modern war.
- y
It is true that after the American
attack had been launched the japanese
fleet and air force did make feeble
attempt to intervene, with wholly in
adequate forces, and suffered Gripping
losses More than 400 Japanese aireraft
were shot down, Japan's only remaining
modern battleship was lost, and nothing
was accomplished in return. Clearer
and clearer becomes the picture: The
sole Japanese reliance is on defense,
static, fixed defense, based on the fight
ing qualities of the japanese warrior as
an individual willing to die for his En-
peror.
What the price we shall have to pay
for Okinawa will. amount to- only time
can tell. Possibly it will be longer
and costlier operation than the con-
quest Of Two; possibly not. But the end
Evening star., 1945-04-12
We Treat Prisoners DecentIy
From the Detroit News.

From the Detrolt News.
The payoff on the policy of treating
our prisoners of war as if they were
human beings, whatever our private
doubts may be as to our current adver-
saries. is to be seen in the dispatches
from Germany.
Now that the going is rugged, Ger
mans by the tens of thousands are per-
fectly agreeable to calling it day and
sitting out the rest of the war in the
security and comparative comfort Of a
prison camp. They would be less ready
If prison life were not attractive.
We are fighting the war according to
rules. Our handling of prisoners of war
is in keeping with an international con-
vention, and-the louder commentators
to the contrary Notwithstanding - we
can do no less and keep our self-respect.
Evening star., 1945-04-12
Veterans and Politics
n the St. Louis Star-Times.

From the ST Louis Star-Times.
1t is still too early to do much more
than speculate about the postwar
political influence of the men now under
arms However, as they begin to come
marching home, it will be we'll worth the
time OF all those interested in the well
fare of the veterans and of the country
as whole to keep an eye on this new
factor in our national life
Evening star., 1945-04-12

Fame is exceedingly temporary
and passing. Cardinal Richelieu
once explained with careful pains
that he had been lucky enough to
be acquainted with three great poll
ticians Oxenstiern of Sweden,
Guiscardi of Montferrat and Aer-
sens of Holland. Who remembers
anything about any of them, today!
Evening star., 1945-04-12

Check-up on packages sent to
soldiers overseas has shown their
contents to include, in the following
order of popularity: Pinup gals,
cigarettes. candy. razor blades. books
and playing cards. Seems that the
boys haven't changed very much.
Evening star., 1945-04-12

aid the cause Of justice crush the.
foes Of all that is decent in civiliza-
ton. Humble. plebian. they have
been and long will be useful imple-
mentS of man.