davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09
Vesper Hour At City Park Sunday To Be.
Sponsored By Hagerstown Round Table
Young People Of The Protestant Catholic and Jewish Faiths
VIII Conduct The Service, Which Begins AT $50 p M

The Hagerstown Round Table of
the National Conference of Chris
tians and Jews will sponsor the
Vesper Hour Service to be held at
the City Park on Sunday evening,
beginning at $50 o'clock. The theme
of the service will be "Three Faiths
One God; Your Heavenly Father
And Nine and young people from
the three denominations Rita
D. Clark (Catholic), Miss Mary Var
ner (ProtestanD and Edward Ras-
kin (Jewish)-will talk on the sub
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09

OKINAWA (Delayed) The
diminutive Okinawan civilians are
returning from caves where they
had taken refuge during fighting
here. Some are beWildered and some
are frightened; others are gleeful.
The change their homeland had
undergone in such a comparatively
short time is almost beyond compre-
hension
The native Okinawan cannot be
blamed for looking upon this new
WORLD in amazement. The Marine
who moved south with the front
lines finds all that lies behind him
just as unbelievable.
The last bivouac area of the Sixth
Marine Divisions 10Th Regiment was
just outside the town of Kyamu,
southern-most village on the island
Like all other combat units, the
29th's progress was steadily south
ward. All it ever saw were the
battered towns, shell-pocked fields,
broken vehicles and burned hill
sides.
Permanent Sites Built
However, moving along behind
were the rehabilitation forces -
the Seabees, engineers, supply and
defense outfits and hospital corps.
Many of the outfits constructed
permanent camp sites as they
moved in.
When the front lines moved
south it was mostly over narrow
roads, sometimes hardly disable as
wagon trails. Half the time there
was choking dust. Other times mud
was knee deep. One road, leading
south, several miles out of Naha, was
paved, but it was buried under mud.
Retracting the steps of the past
months advance, these roads today
are jammed with traffic. All the
way back to Green Beach Two,
where the 18th landed on L-Day,
roads are graded and surfaced with
coral rock.
At one point, near Machinato Air
field, where the main road was virtu-
ally impossible in soupy mud dur
ing the drive on Naha, there is
now four-lane coral highway.
An American-made 1887 Plymouth
sedan was seen on the road. Men
in a motor transport unit rejuvenat-
ed it. There are also several right
hand drive japanese made closed
cars, about the size of our jeeps.
Traffic Court Identified
A driver can't let his enthu-
siasm 60 wild on these improved
roads, because MPs patrol contin-
ually, and there are speed limit
signs at regular intervals. There
is a white sign on Route One -
main north-south drive - which
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09
LAS

The news the whole world
has been waiting for-the
entry of Russia into the war
against Japan - was an
nounced by President Tru-
man yesterday afternoon
just as we went to press.
1t is the prayer of every
one that this announcement
will be the means of speed
lily bringing the war in the
Pacific to a close.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09
Teacher Shortage

ACoSACA ChOASoSC
John j. Seidel, assistant State
Superintendent for vocational edu-
cation has announced serious short
age of teachers. A total of 514 more
teachers will be needed in Mary
land next year, and of these 1856 are
wanted in Baltimore City schools.
Veterans and war workers will
have opportunity for employment
in teaching, provided they have the
personal qualities needed. Teachers
in industrial education do not have
to be college graduates but should
have studied courses in different
types of engineering. They should
also have practical experience for
four or five years in various trades.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09
TOO BAD!

Those morning get togethers
over a cup of coffee at McCrory's
managed to survive during the
absence of Max Shoff on vacation,
but now that Ford Bryan and
Merrill Hays are on vacation too,
they have been temporarily sus-
pended.
Their absence also explains
why the Retailers Bureau is not
meeting, for what would lunch
con meeting be without Bryan
and Hays!
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09
: AN APOLOGY

We regret that, due to the copy
being received too late, we are
unable to run the advertisement
of Bikes Shoe Shop, one of our
regular advertisers, announcing
their Fire Sale tomorrow and
Saturday.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09
Items of Interest
From Entire State

The Glenn L. Martin Co., Balti-
more, reported net sales of $195, 867,-
1856 for the six months ending June
80, 1945.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09

Tomorrow"
Speakers-Miss Rita D. Clark,
Valedictorian, Class of 1916, st.
Mary's High School.
Miss Mary Warner, vice-president,
Md.-Del. Youth Council, Church of
the Brethren.
Edward Raskin, Eagle Scout,
Troop S, B'Nai Abraham Synagogue.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09
Natives Amazed At Transformation Of
Okinawa, Now A Major American Base

Ames Are Ceners of Ceasee Activity; Permanent Camp
Sites Consructed Huge Amounts of Supplies Pour In On
Beaches
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09

or Junior College, B'Nai Abraham
Song; America The Beautiful"
Talks: youths of The World OF
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09

Sunday Night $3.50, WEI, TT
During The Week.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09

A large number of retired teachers
who receive pensions under the
teachers retirement system, will be
benefited by the increased payment
scale of twenty per cent to teachers
receiving less than $50 month, and
ten per cent increase to those re-
ceiving between $50 and 500 per
month. This increase became effec-
tive July 1st.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09

BY Sergeant Harold T. BOian
MARINE Corps Combat Correspond
ent)
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09

j. D. Coleman, director of Mary
land Blue Cross disqualification
Plan, has announced an enrolment
of 320,623 members.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09

Two babies have been named
Aberdeen" after the Aberdeen
Army Post. Both babies were born
at the station hospital.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09

A 15-year-old Harve de Grace
boy was held for hearing in the
Juvenile curt, accused of attempt
ing to wreck a Pennsylvania Rail
road passenger train by placing
crossties across the tracks.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09

In connection with the third an
niversary of the organizing of the
WAVES, Mayor McKelden, of Balti-
more, urged the women to consider
the call of 10000 more WAVES for
the Navy. He paid a deserving trib-
ute to the women of Baltimore now
serving, and urged others to heed
the call, so that by their service in
the Navy, victory in the Pacific may
be speeded.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09

Goodeuse is being made of foreign
labor in getting crops gathered in
Baltimore County. Jamaicans are
said to be especially good at picking
beans and tomatoes, while prisoners
of war prefer to do grain and hay
harvesting and other general farm
work.
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09

An urgent appeal has been made
for volunteer workers for Red Cross
duty in the military hospitals of
our country. Three thousand wo-
men are needed, and Governor
OConor urges that all who can lend
their services to this noble work, do
so promptly
The globe-independent. (Hagerstown, Md.) 1943-19??, 1945-08-09

Glenn L. Martin, Baltimore plane
manufacturer, has eliminated him.
self as a possible Republican nomi-
nee for senator or governor. MIR.
Martin has made the statement, Il
am not running for any public
Office"
Evening star., 1945-02-25
US. Engineers Perform Unmatched Feat
In Building Railroad to Supply Russia

The current offensive on the eastern
front which has brought the Red Army
almost to the gates of Berlin brings out
a little publicized phase of the huge
problem of supply, the activities of the
Americans who built the railroad from
the Persian Gulf to the Caspian Sea
under difficulties unsurpassed in
world war being won largely by over
coming difficult supply problems
The exploit of Transforming the ILL
equipped Trans-Iranin Railway, built
by former shah so it could be of no
practical use to either Russia or Great
Britain, 1900 miles of twisting track
through desert wastelands and dizzy
Ing mountain peaks, with terminals
that went from nowhere to nowhere"
will be one of the Army's proudest
achievements of the war
The supply route to Russia through
Iran was established in the critical days
of 1912 as an alternate to the Nazi u
boat infested shipping lane to Mur-
mansk. Its terminals on the Persian
Gulf and Caspian Sea were small and
unsatisfactory ports. The southern
terminal was built on reclaimed ground
and the jetty built over a mud fiat.
Evening star., 1945-02-25

the key men came from the latter
company and the General Electric Co.,
its associate in the Diesel Electric loco
motive field. Others came from West
inghouse Air-Brake Co., Exide Battery
Co., and from railroads scattered across
the country.
The battalion had been organized,
outfitted and sent overseas in less than
80 days. 1t was made up largely of
experienced mechanics who had simply
traded civilian coveralls for CT uniforms.
1t. Col. w. c. Rogers has been in
charge Of the battalion since 1t was
organized.
The first train under American opera
tion rode into Teheran on March 20,
1943.
Before long, 5000 American-made fiat
cars, box cars, tank cars. gondolas-and
even cabooses-were highballing through
Persia behind $50 American locomotives.
Col. j. A. Appleton, chief of the Rail
Division, Transportation Corps, reported
that the shop battalions in Persia were
setting up locomotives at the rate Of
one day, and nat cars at the rate of
80 day. Most of the locomotives and
cars were shipped knocked down." and
Evening star., 1945-02-25
BY AL Dopking,
Associated Press stan Writer.

It's only about fve years since the
United States Navy settled down to
study amphibious warfare-today the
backbone of strategy in the Pacific.
It virtually was start from scratch.
The Navy had a few pictures Of Japa-
nese ramp boats used in China, a couple
of historical accounts Of disastrous
amphibious attempt In the Baltic Sea
in the First World War-little more.
Not all of the story Of how this new
technique OF war came to quick ma
turity has been told. But Daniel e.
Barley has been one of the chief char
acters since the first chapter.
As Capt. Barley, he was one of the
naval staff set to the job of getting the
American amphibious force Of paper
and on water. As Vice Admiral Barley,
commander of the 7th Fleet amphibious
force, he has directed more beach land
ings-19 at last count-than any one
else, and it Is doubtful If any one is
responsible for more innovations
He Had Many Problems
Some of "Uncle Dams" innovations
were forced upon him. When he went
Evening star., 1945-02-25
Major Role for Senator Tom Connolly

Secretary of State Hull and Secretary
Stettinius, he has been in the inside
planning group that is endeayoring to
set up world security organization at
the coming San Francisco conference.
Postwar Policies
Discussing the Big Three conference
at Yalta which settled the deadlock
caused at Dumbarton Oaks last summer
by Russia's insistence that it should
have a veto in the security council on
consideration OF disputes involving it
self, the Senator told this writer:
IT am deeply encouraged by what
happened at Yalta and by other recent
events into believing that at the security
conference we shall be able to construct
an organization to settle international
disputes and keep the peace. I also
believe that the treaty to be drawn up at
San Francisco will be ratified by the
Senate
II am satisfied with the compromise
ca voting reached ct Yalta. Nost co.,
Evening star., 1945-02-25

An American locomotive be-
ing u11loaded from a lighter at
a Middle Eastern port to haul
United States supplies to Rus
sia through Iran.
When the British arrived they found
that only two average e-sized ships could
dock at time. The northern port was
no better. for the continually receding
Caspian Sea left it almost high and dry.
The water was so shallow that pier
1000 feet long had to be built.
Worlds Roughest Railroad
Yet these difficulties seemed trivial
when weighed against the fact that the
standard gauge, single track that twists
across Iran presents 1900 miles of the
toughest, toughest railfoading to be
found anyhere in the world.
Strewn all along the right t-of-way are
225 tunnels, many 25-degree curves and
a number of steep grades the average
of which is is.
From the Persian Gulf, the track
ascends precipitous mountains to the
central plateau and then descends
equally precipitous mountains to the
Caspian. 1t bisects 150-mile stretch
Evening star., 1945-02-25
Continued From Page ca

Continued From Page C-4)
pursuing firm course toward the Axis.
Shortly before Pearl Harbor, Senator
Connally, irked by the militaristic state
ments emanating from Tokyo, warned
the Japanese in a public statement to
remember that the American Navy can
shoot straight"
Big-Navy Man
He was dismayed and angry when the
Navy was caught asleep ut Pearl Harbor
and roundly criticized the late Secretary
Of Navy Knox for telling the American
people in speeches that "the Navy is
ready"
The Senator Is proud of his long record
as "big Navy" man.
He plans to maintain that record, he
said last week. and to add to it after
the war the designation Of "big air
force man"
But Just now his main preoccupation
+ planning for postwar security. As .
close oonhdant of the YTestdent, former
Evening star., 1945-02-25

stitutions and statutes are the result
OF compromise, and the agreement there
probably was the best that could be
reached"
And as to postwar policy toward the
Axis:
Germany and Japan must be dis
armed and kept SO for long period.
The agreement at Yalta on treatment
of Germany was entirely satisfactory"
Under the American system Of con-
ducting foreign relations the Executive
may propose, but the Senate disposes.
The most brilliant and hopeful plans.
as Wilson learned sadly, may be wrecked
by recalcitrant Senate.
The administration is fortunate in
knowing that the White House and
Senate are more nearly In step now
than ever before In history. The fights
Ing Texan will have an important role
In framing the documents Of peace and
security. But, more important, m VIII
battle for their ratidcatioa.
Evening star., 1945-02-25

rails in the middle of the day.
There are straining grades with hair
pin turns that cross fearful chasms.
Boiling rivers flow through mountain
after mountain in the link between the
vital Gulf ports and the Caspian re-
gion. In one mountainous district the
road takes Al miles, spiralling up steep
grades to cover % miles as the crow
flies
Job Was Urgent
1t is not uncommon to find a tunnel
in every mile. In 100 miles there are
132 tunnels, one of them in spiral form.
There are $50 bridges and cuIverts. All
supplies carried over it had to be un-
loaded from ships at one end and
loaded again at the other end.
Obviously, the solution was to re-
vitalize the railway as quickly as pos
sible, with new engines, terminals,
sidings, equipment and experienced per-
sonnel.
Answering call from Washington
on September 3, 1912, officials of the
American Locomotive Co. sat down
with State Department and Army men
for conference on how to break the
bottleneck.
Evening star., 1945-02-25

His father had been sherfn and county
clerk.
He says he "guesses" he was "just cut
out for politics"
He has been great help to the press
gallery. seems to know everything.
As secretary to the Senate majority,
he managed the complicated business
Of pairing" votes and never made a
mistake. ("Pairing" is the system by
which two opposing Senators agree that
neither will vote on a question If one
has to be absent, or for some other
reason)
It's Busy Office
Biffle's office is one of the most fire.
quently visited on the Hill. He never
seems to walk to greet you a.. suddenly
he is just there. His sharp eyes seem
to say spring fast if you have business,
but his soft voice seems to say take it
easy.
Members Of Congress, employees and
citizens piled in to give him the glad
hand the day he got the good news. But
1t didn't bafie Bifde. He Just went
around shifting his flowers, seeing who
sent them and telling his gal secre-
taries they stink pretty"
In the middle of this a very solemn
parade of Senators came in carrying a
small box, saying they must take him
to task
"You," they said, "have been sailing
under false colors. You did not catch
that 69-pound sailfsh on your wall.
Here is all you caught"
They opened box with minnow and
a magnifying glass.
In his new job Bifle will sign Senate
bills, open Senate sessions when Vice
President Truman or President Pro Tenn
Mcclellan are not there, record the
swearing in of new members, perform
as the Senate official host for all formal
functions and escort visiting foreign dig
nitaries to the Senate.
He seems cinch to hold his job un-
less the Republicans win the Senate in
1916 :. and it seems even they wish
to keep him for their very own.
Despite all these laurels In his locks,
Bifle says he wants to buy ice cream
for the page boys
He never had any kids Of his own.
Evening star., 1945-02-25

needles. One look at their faces and YOU
could see they put in long, long hours.
In this filth these Nuns are doing every
thing in their power to keep these people
alive. There are demented cases, she'll
shock cases, people without legs, without
arms, some so SCARED and disfgured
that it is impossible to look at them
Girls go around and serve them soup
and biscuits. The only natural light
was the opening in the tunnel. Cana
dian soldiers who were here before us
are emptying their cigarettes, candies,
biscuits and anything they have. These
people will never forget us.
lone chap brought down two slices
of white bread. Honest, Jeanne, this is
the truth, even if it is unbelievable,
people crowded around him cried, Ca
tian, Gatian," they took crumb and
rolled it in their hands. I don't know
how many people licked the bread; they
passed it one to the other as some-
thing more precious than they ever
possessed. And these people have been
living here long time. How human
beings can love life so much that they
undergo such wretchedness is beyond
me. I saw few of our boys hurt and
couple die, but somehow you expect
such things, and it doesn't bother you
too much, but the people here living
in terror in such filth I cannot under
stand. In the half hour I was in the
hospital two people died and baby
was born.
IF those people who start these
wars could see such scenes they would
never live it down. You could write
book about this place There is q story
with every person. However, it is impos-
sible to tell you everything in a letter,
but have come to the conclusion that
life must be beautiful, otherwise these
miserable people would not undergo
these privations. and they will be com.
ing out soon, and what they have to-
go back to. Their homes are ruined,
hattened. You talk to them and YOU
realize what a fine spirit and fine peo-
pie they are. All they want is to bs
able to pillow their land and 60 to their
church. and they don't really care for
anything else. That is why France has
had such corrupt governments and the
nations OF the world use her for bat.
tlefeld.
And that is the way Of the world;
when fellow likes to live at peace Il
bothers his neighbor.s
Evening star., 1945-02-25

AdmT1L BGr0ey checES prog
ress of the Luso1 in1asion
from, the bridge OF his fag-
ship. A. P. wireDhoso.
of them have worked with Barley since
he came out to the Pacific.
He gives them the dope. How long
they take on the details depends on the
pressure OF time and the size of the
operation. The Leyte operation, the
largest amphibious effort attempted up
to that time, took 10 days in the plan
ming room. Smaller ones have been
planned in "a hours.
Barley smiles at stories about nine
months of planning. There just isn't
time to do it that way in this theater.
His planners are experts in Army re-
supply, naval shore fire, air support.
cruising disposition, navigation hazards
and so on They are used to the people
they work with, 1t. Gen. Walter Krue-
gers 9Th Army. That, Barley says.
makes a lot of difference Everybody
knows what the other fellow wants
done
The Fighting Team
Barbey's team includes Marine 1t Col.
James S. Blais, Portland, Oreg.; Comdr.
Earl P. Finney, jr., Portland, Oreg.:
Capt. Burton G. Lake, San Diego. Calf;
Capt. Charles Adair, Annapolis, Md;
Comdr. John r. Leeds, Silver Spring,
Md, and Comdr. James H. Brett, Coro-
nado, Calf
This team is fed information from q
score of sources some highly secret, and
by the time it gets through with the
program" there fsn't gnats weight Of
guesswork left.
Barley can put out plan for an
amphibious landing on order but he
refuses to put out slip-shod one. 1t il
in the planning period that he does his
worrying.
He never changes his time schedule
for closely co-ordinated landing. A
minute or two may cause something
to go haywire. ,s.s54.
At Leyte an officer was having trouble
and he signaled Barley for some min
utes delay The admiral bluntly refused
and the curtain for the amphibioH show
went up on time. The troubled officer
had to hustle but he made it. His first
wave was on the beach one minute early.
When you start delaying" says Bar
bey, there's always someone who doesn't
get the word
Barley thinks of the Pacific as the
cradle of amphibious warfare. When
he talks of the Normandy operation he
warns to his subject:
Why they had no logistic problems
at all. If fellow got thirsty on the
way over you could send him back to
London for a drink"
Evening star., 1945-02-25
Grim Havens for Refugees
In the Paris Underground

EDITORS NOTE: Occasionally
comes letter that repeals details
OF kind OF war- caused lite the
correspondents don't get around to
reporting. The folloDing is an er-
ample. 1t ,0as ,critten By Sam Lucoau
a Sapper in the Royal Canadian
Engineers, to his sister, Jeanne Mel
son, ,Dho is employed by the Chesa-
pedke & Potomac Telephone Co. and
hUes here at 1902 North Henderson
road, Arlington, Va.
Mrs. Nelson says her brother, whose
home is in Winnipeg, Canada, has
been ouerSeas for nearly t,Do years.
The letter aDos i0ritten last summer,
soon after Allied troops first swarmed
onto the continent of Europe. 1t
gtues a picture OF ,ohat they found.
Evening star., 1945-02-25

reassembled when they reached port.
The Trans-Iranian Railway soon be-
came super Burma Road to Russia. :"
BY May. 1913, Russian requirements
in munitions and supplies were exceeded
by l8 per cent BY November, 1943, Maj.
Gen. Charles P. Gross, chief OF trans
portation, was able to report that In
the Persian Gulf Corridor they (Amer-
ican soldier trainmen) increased railway
capacity from practically nothing to
some 10000 tons month, thereby get
ting to Russia half of the supplies which
are covered in the protocol agreement
for that route
Evening star., 1945-02-25

Familiar with the problems created
by Trans peculiar climate and terrain.
the railroad men recommended that
the road be powered with Diesel type
locomotives. Could ALCO, the Army
wanted to know, supply some Diesels
in a hurry? Also, could they convert
the Diesel axle arrangement SO that the
Iran road could stand the locomotives
120-ton weight? The company said it
could do both.
Twenty days later the company re-
ceived a contract for the conversion
of 13 Diesels to be equipped with six
axles instead of four and with motors