davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-08-05
Star STAFF Photo by Ranny Routt.

the radio room, hear band concerts or
go to the movies in the evening, or
stroll along shaded paths. Leave, Of
course, is unrestricted, and many of the
men spend part of their time visiting
friends or seeking amusement in town.
The barracks s"-more like comfort
able resort hotels than the name sug-
gests-are organized along semimilitary
lines. Each floor is in charge of a
sergeant, while the buildings are super
vised by a first sergeant. For these
duties the "noncoms" receive a modest
monthly pay.
Broad Span of Years
Members of the home cover a wide
range of ages. At present the baby
of the institution is 80, while its nestor
is gentleman of 81. The average age
is So. All of the Civil War veterans, Of
whom there were once so many, have
passed on now, and the Oldest group
are those who fought the Spanish
American War. Numerically, World
War veterans predominant.
AS might be expected in a group of
this age. including many who are in
the home by reason of physical impair
ment, large number require almost
constant disqualification. Just now the
average hospital population is 221.
These men are cared for by staff of
four Army doctors, the only active Off
GERS assigned to the home.
Management of the home is placed
under the Board of Commissioners,
which includes, besides the governor,
the Army's adjutant general, chief of
finance, quartermaster general, surgeon
general, chief of engineers and judge
advocate general. The officers of the
institution include the governor, deputy
governor, secretary treasurer, quarter
master and chief surgeon. These all
are appointed from the ranks of retired
Army officers, except the chief surgeon.
Members of the home have little use
for money, for rooms, food, laundry,
dry cleaning, amusements, medical at
tention and even clothes are furnished
free. Most of the men have small
cash income from either pensions or
disability pay. Those who have neither
are allowed So per month from the
homes treasury for tobacco or whatever
they wish. Many supplement this by
doing light work around the home, such
as running elevators or waiting on tables
in the dining room.
Today the tiny NEST egg" with which
the home started has grown to about
$4,000, 600 1t is from this fund that
the new postwar structures will be
built. Even though Congress must pass
the appropriation, the soldiers will be
spending their own money.
Membership in the home now is 1,272,
or 176 less than the 1,448 who were on
its rolls in 1889 When America entered
the war some of the members who
were still able-bodied went back to the
Army 1t is expected that many of
them will return after the war, and
that along with them will come hun
dreds of other Regular Army men who
either have completed their 20 years of
service or who have been disabled in
line of duty. Hence the present plans
for enlargement.
Evening star., 1945-08-05

ton. He was attached to the famous
Fighting 1st' Division in France, and
served with it at Cantigny and during
all the other main offensives in which
this unit took part.
In postwar days Gen. Loughry had the
good fortune to receive the best pos
sible military education. He graduated
School at Fort Leavenworth and-with
few colleagues-from both the Army
and the Navy War Colleges.
Was Chief of Finance
In 1886, however, he received the as
signment which led directly to his war
time post of chief of finance-that of
chief of the budget and legislative
planning branch of the War Depart
ment general staff. So capable was
his administration of the Armys money
that upon his recent retirement he was
awarded the Distinguished Service
Medal for exceptionally meritorious
service"
So now, his active Army career ended,
Gen. Loughry is devoting his thoughts
to providing a safe haven for enlisted
men who, too, have fought the good
fight" and are spending their declin-
ing years in peace.
Although the Soldiers Home, at the
intersection of Rock Creek Church
road and Upshur street, has been a
landmark in Washington for nearly a
century, it is doubtful that many pres
ent-day citizens know the story of its
origin or the scope of its work. How
many know, for instance, that it is
financed by the soldiers themselves
without a cent of cost to the taxpayers?
How the Home Was Started
In a sense, the citizens of Mexico
City might be called the founders of
the Soldiers Home. 1t came about in
this wise: 1t Gen. Winfield Scott long
had advocated an Army asylum" as
he called it, where retired and disabled
soldiers could find security and peace
during their latter years. In 1848,
while commanding American forces be-
sieging Mexico City. Gen. Scott fined
that city 100000 for violating the terms
of an armistice. He sent 100000 of it
to the War Department with note
expressing the hope that it might be
used to start his cherished asylum"
il Congress agreed
In the same year Jefferson Davis,
later to become President of the Con-
federacy, introduced bill in Congress
providing for the home, and it was
finally passed in 1851. Under its terms,
Gen. SCOTS original 100000, plus
s18,791 appropriated additionally from
the Mexican tribute was set aside to
start the home. Congress also pro-
vided that each enlisted man in the
Regular Army should contribute 25
cents Onow 10 cents from his monthly
salary for its support and that all fines
imposed by courts-martial and all un-
claimed estates of deceased soldiers
also should go into the fund. These
still are the homes three sources of
support.
The Surrounding Park
Today the great park which envelopes
the Soldiers Home buildings covers
more than 500 acres and is traversed
Evening star., 1945-08-05

their indefatigable
exertions Congress
finally authorized
the acquisition of the
original portion of
the park, which in
cluded 1869 acres.
Later 81 acres more
were acquired, and
other tracts were
added, including an
additional strip of
ground along the
east side Of Rock
Greek, between
MASSACHUSETTS, ave.
Evening star., 1945-08-05

of some few of the forts on the north
constructed for defense of the city,
which have become historical, and from
the parapet of which extensive views
can be had, such lines are marked as
may be satisfactorily taken as approx
mate bounds of the park.
In case the recommendations should
be considered too extravagant, a second
series of lines are drawn for grounds
of more moderate dimensions. The first
tract would contain about 2,540 acres
more or less, and the second 1900 more
or less. AS there is so much difference
of opinion as to the price of the land,
the quality and improvements varying
so much, it is difficult matter to offer
anything more than an approximate
appraisement. AS the right Of eminent
domain empowers the Government to
take property, and as such power Is
the necessary incident to sovereignty,
the question would finally have to be
settled by a commission appointed by
some competent court. The price ranges
from $50 to 81 1000 per acre. A mean
VI 9lVu SliOuiu Amply SoNCi WIG CheiiC
COST
According to the above figures the
larger tract would amount to $508,000,
and the smaller one to $3.50 900. AS the
work of constructing a park will con-
sumo many years, po longer delay than
is absolutely necessary should be con-
sumed in the preliminary arrangements
for the passage of the necessary laws
and the purchase of the lands"
Park Planners
Back of the original idea to preserve
Rock Creek Valley and the surround
ing territory for the public were such
men as w. w. Corcoran and Admiral
s. Phillips Lee, but nothing came Of
their efforts. Subsequently, in 1883,
Capt Richard 1, Hoxie, then assistant
to the engineer Commissioner of the
District, recommended the establish
ment Of park embracing the entire
Rock Creek Valley, including the hilly
country as far west as Tenleytown,
and as far east as Rock Creek Church
road, an area of approximately 5000
acres.
But this suggestion also come to naught,
and 1t remained for Charles G. Glover
and Louis P. Shoemaker to give the prof.
ect definite impetus, and as the result Of
Evening star., 1945-08-05

Old-taShioned Dater Dheel
rugged up at, Pierce Mill in
Rock Creek Park to shoW DiS-
itorS hoW the mill originally
operated. Star stan Photo.
it Is recommended to purchase at once
sufficient number of acres bordering
on Rock Greek, to anticipate the future
growth of the city and its increased
population.
With the view of retaining as much
of the picturesque scenery along the
stream, and of also embracing the sites
Evening star., 1945-08-05

MaSSdcnuSeCS we Jeshus HieFce.s 2
nue. and Connecticut avenue Bridge,
which was donated by Mr.. Glover, max
Evening star., 1945-10-05
Removal Hearing Continued
In Black Market Case

A removal hearing in the case Of
John P. Monroe, manufacturer
agent wanted in New York on
charges of black market operations
in textiles, was continued yesterday
by United States Commissioner
Needham c. Turnage to October IL
The Government requested the con-
tinuance to have witnesses brought
here.
Monroe, who gained notoriety by
entertaining high Government Off
cials in his red house on r street."
is accused OF offering to sell approx
mately 10000 yards of finished piece
goods at aboye-ceiling price. Three
men arrested In New York also are
charged in the case.
Monroe is free under 81 500 bond.
Evening star., 1945-10-05
Jewe|ry Firm May Appeal
Suspension in 0PA Case

Justice F. Dickinson Let's of Dis
trict Court yesterday ruled that the
license of Philip Franks. trading as
the Franks Jewelry Co., 800 block OF
F street NV, to sell watches OF
clocks should be suspended for 80
days, beginning Monday, for viola
ton Of Office of Price Administra-
ton regulations.
A formal order on the ruling, how
ever, was not Immediately signed
and Attorney William r. Lichten-
berg, representing Mr.. Franks, indi-
Gated he would appeal the case.
Mr.. Franks was charged with SELL
ing watches and clock at above
ceiling prices after having received
a warning from the OPA. He also
was accused of failing to keep proper
records. The case was prosecuted
by Assistant OPA Enforcement At
torney j. Grahame Walker.
Evening star., 1945-10-05
Three Japs kiHedin Attack
On U. 5. Transports S Boat

| BY the Associated Press.
PEARL HARBOR, Oct. 5.-Three
japanese were killed and their motor
dory sunk by gunflre yesterday in
an engagement with the American
transport Thurston halfway between
New Guinea and the Caroline
Islands.
The Navy reported that the
Thurston sighted the seemingly
abandoned dory and sent a motor
boat to investigate.
The Japanese sprang from beneath
blanket and two of them attacked
the American boarding party with
hand grenades while the third
boarded the investigating craft and
forced the crew into the water.
The Thurston launched another
motor boat and sank the Japanese
craft with gunfire.
All the Americans were recovered
without casualties.
Evening star., 1945-10-05
Catholics Plan Purty

The annual card party and dance
of the Catholic Daughters of
America, Court Forest Glen, No. 961,
will be held at 8 pm. Friday, No.
vember 16, at the Hotel Statler.
Evening star., 1945-10-05

GOLDEN ANNIVERSARY -
Mr.. and Mrs. Samuel M. Nc
Nett recently celebrated their
50th wedding anniversary at
their home, 73 v street NV.
They have one child, four
grandchildren and four great
grandchildren.
Harris 81 Ewing Photo.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1945-11-12
Visitor from Chapel iiill

Miss Jean Gambler. OF Chapel Hill
spent the Weekend wish beer eHs.
a.. Is. Mr. and Ms. II. l.. Caa5icr.
Henderson daily dispatch., 1945-11-12
Go To New York

Mrs. Henry +. Morn, and Mrs.
r G.. S. Davis have gone to Nov
YORK City.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-15
Cruiser Indianapolis
Lost In Enemy Action
With Entire Personnel

WASHINGTON, Aug. A. up -
The heavy cruiser Indianapolis was
lost recently in the Philippine Sea
from enemy action with 100 per
cent casualties to her personnel
totalling 1876 officers and men.
Announcing this today, the Navy
said the famous vessel was lost
shortly after completion of her
last mission, sailing from San
Francisco July is on high-speed
run to Guam to deliver essential
atomic bomb material. She was
lost after safely delivering her
cargo.
The Navy gave no details of her
final, fatal action.
Casualties included five Navy
dead, including one officer; 845
Navy missing, including So officers !;
BOT Navy wounded, including IS Of
ficers; 80 Marine Corps missing,
including two officers; and nine
enlisted Marine Corps wounded.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-15
TELEPHONE MANAGER
APPEALS TO PUBLIC
TO LIMIT "CALLS"

o. G.. Balm, Telephone Manager,
has asked the public to limit use
of the telephone during the next
a hours to essential calls only.
THE announcement Of VI Day
has brought flood of calls to the
telephone switchboards and lines
which already were so heavily
loaded" said Mr.. Balm. This
deluge of calls is seriously ham
pering service on the important
calls which must continue to be
made. In order that these vital
calls military and naval calls, calls
to the fire stations, or the police,
for example-can continue to GO
through effectively, we are asking
everyone to make only the essential
calls during the next 48 hours. The
public's cooperation will be great
ly appreciated"
The request applies to both local
and long distance calls made here,
Mr.. Balm pointed out.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-15
IYilmingtonians Join
In Wild Celebrat i0n
Crowds Throng Front St
AS Auto Parade Snarls
City Traffic

There was no description Of Will
mington's celebration OF the de-
feat of Japan last night, save that
of utter jubilation.
AS thousands damned Front
street, and thousands of automo-
biles filed up and down the main
street, horns blasting, the celebra
ton lasted well into the night fol
many and on into today for many
more.
Shortly before O. clock last nigh
a crowd had gathered in front O.
the postoffice and sang patriotic
songs.
1t was proclaimed as Whining
tons greatest celebration.
At Front and Chestnut streets
a Marine began dancing and jubi
lantly singing and shouting shortly
after the Jap surrender was an
nounced. For about 80 minutes he
provided laughs and cheers for ar
understanding crowd. A military
police officer and civilian patrol
man appeared on the scene ano
could only ask him to keep out oil
the way of the automobiles. Later
a newspaper photographer began tc
take pictures of him for which he
posed comparatively. An hour lat.
er, when the realization of what the
surrender meant for him, and many
more who would not be going back
to the Pacific war, he sat on the
curb and cried. The tears flowed
freely and unshamefully.
There were other tear-stained
faces in the throng which knew of
nothing else to do but cheer, dance
and cry.
At Front and Princess street, a
Star-News photographer requested
police to halt traffic for a minute.
He wanted to get picture of about
20 persons who had started snake
dance along the sidewalk. AS the
snake dance moved to the center
of the intersection, the crowd saw
the photographer mount the top Of
a peanut stand to "choot'' the
scene. Before he could focus his
camera, there were more than 200
shouting and screaming civilians,
soldiers, sailors and Marines dane
ing about the two police officers. It
took police radio patrol car with
siren to break up the ensuing
traffic jam.
The announcement of the surren-
der of japan came shortly before
sunset in Wilmington. twenty-five
minutes after the Presidents state
ment to neWsmen in Washington
Continued on Page Two; Col. ~
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-15
CONGRESS CALLED
TO MEET SEPT. )

WASHINGTON, Aug. IA Up -
Congress, under the urgency of
transforming the nation from war
to peace, was called today to re-
convene Sept. S.
Senate Democratic Leader Bark
ley D-Ky) voiced the hope that
the legislative body would work
with the same harmony in 'the
momentous Transformation" that
marked ''the greatest victory ever
won in a war for freedom
He added tax adjustments, with
reduction of individual and cor
porate income taxes, as the sixth
major point on Congress agenda.
The other points for consideration,
which he said conforms with the
Presidents desire, are:
l. Expansion of unemployment
compensation.
2. Alteration of surplus property
disposal laws.
3. The so-called full employment
bill, through which sponsors hope
60, 900, 900 Americans will be gain
fully employed.
4. Abolition of no longer needed
war agencies; continuation of 9th
ers.
5. Government reorganization,
which was one of President Tru-
mans early recommendations as
chief executive.
Speedy consideration of expand
ed unemployment legislation to
meet problems of the peace was
ordered by Chairman Doughtou Cd
NC) of the House Ways and Means
Committee, in the face of predic'
tons by government economists
that 100000 workers may be job
less by Christmas.
The committee will convene Aug
ust 27. Doughton said the unem-
ployment bill will be taken up first
and then the committee will turn
Immediately to revision of the
tax statutes.
1t is not expected, however, thai
any tax revisions will become Ell
fective until 1916.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-15
SURRENDER TERMS

will enable her to rearm for war.
To this end access to, as distin-
guished from control of, raw ma
terials shall be permitted. Even
tua1 Japanese participation in world
trade relations shall be permitted.
The occupying forces of the AL
lies shall be withdrawn from Japan
as soon as these detectives have
been accomplished and there has
been established in accordance with
the freely expressed will Of the
japanese people a peacefully inclin-
ed and responsible government.
We call upon the government of
Japan to proclaim now the uncon.
ditional surrender of all Japanese
armed forces, and to provide pro.
per and adequate assurances Of
their good faith in such action. The
alternative for Japan is prompt
and utter destruction.
(2) Japanese understanding"
The Japanese government are
ready to accept the terms with the
understanding that the said decla.
ration does not comprise any de.
mand which prejudices the prero.
gatives of His Majesty as sover.
eign ruler.
81 U. S. attitude and immediate
surrender steps. This is what the
Japanese said yes" to tonight,
along with all the Potsdam declara.
tion.)
From the moment of surrender
the authority of the Emperor and
the Japanese government to ~ule
the state shall be subject to the
Supreme Commander of the Al.
lied powers who will take such
steps as he deems proper to eff
fectuate the surrender terms.
The Emperor will be required
to authorize and insure the sigma.
ture by the government of Japan
and the Japanese Imperial General
Headquarters of the surrender
terms necessary to carry out the
provisions of the Potsdam Declare
ton, and shall issue his commands
to all the Japanese military, naval
and air authorities and to all of the
forces under their control wherever
located to cease active operations
and to surrender their arms, and
to issue such other orders as the
Supreme Comm ander may require
to give effect to the surrender
terms.
Immediately upon the surrende-
the japanese government shall
transport prisoners of war and
civilian internees to places Of
safety, as directed, where they
can quickly be placed aboard AL.
lied transports.
The ultimate form of government
OF Japan shall, in accordance with
the Potsdam Declaration, be es.
tablished-by the freely expressed
will OF the Japanese people.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-15
TEXT OF STATEMENT
BY PRESIDENT ON
TWO-DAY HOLIDAY

- WASHINGTON, Aug. IA III
text OF White House statement
On the designation of Wednesday
ana Thursday as legal holidays.
resident Truman today amend
Cd Executive Order 924O to declare
august Is and Is, 1945, legal holi-
I'd Jays Ter premium pay purposes
unoef the order. He said it. was
necessary to do this in order to
permit essential work to be per-
formed on those days. The Presi-
uent said that, since the National
war Labor Board had permitted
.ne payment of straight time wages
lof employees who are excused from
working on those days, many en-
ployers had requested that employ
es VINO do work on that day should
CONTINUED on Page Two; Col. u
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-15
VI acArthur
To Govern
japanese
NAMED BY TRUMAN
Follow Through Job Goes
To Man Who Beat Nips
Back From Manila

WASHINGTON, Aug. IA R -
General of the Army Douglas A.
Macarthur, who told the Filipinos
81 Will Return" and did 1t, was as
signed tonight to govern the enemy
he whipped on the road back.
Appointment of General MacAr-
thur as supreme commander for the
occupation of Japan was the next
logical step for the man who beat
the Nipponese land forces back
from the doorstep of Australia.
He had been commanding gen.
eral of the American Army forces
in the Pacific since April 5, 1e45,
sharing the overall assignment OF
beating the Japanese with Admir-
al Chester w. Nimitz who heads
al sea forces in that ocean. Mac
Arthur movH up from the south
west Pacific command which he
had held since shortly after the war
began.
Over six feet tall, wide shoulder
ed, always spectacularly dressed,
generally stern of face, with broad
forehead, prominent nose and rath.
er thin lips, Macarthur at 65 is still
the complete soldier; he never
leaves the role of commander and
leader.
Critics call him arrogant and
theatrical. But the best qualified
judges in the American armed for
ces have praised him as genius
at strategy. And his officers are
fiercely loyal. He knows the Jap.
anese and by all accounts they re-
spect and fear him.
The General started learning
about the japanese shortly after
his graduation from West Point,
when he served a brief tour in that
country. He has been finding out
more ever since in the Philippines,
around which islands his military
career has conferred.
Occupation, too, is an old story
to Macarthur. After the First
World war he served with the army
of occupation in Germany.
The General took part in the Vera
Cruz expedition of 1914 and servec
brilliantly through the First World
War with the first Japanese strike
at Manila.
His military career has been
spectacular throughout. His scholas.
tic marks at West Point still top the
academy records. He was the
youngest superintendent West Point
ever had, and the youngest man
ever to be chief of staff, U. S.
Army.
After his tour as chief of staff.
1880 to 1885, he went back to the
Philippines as Director of Com
monwealth Defense and still held
that post when the japanese struck
in December, 1871. He retired from
the U. S. Army in 1887 but went
back on active duty in July, 1941,
before the Japanese struck.
Just before the fall of Bataan
Continued on Page Two; Col. u
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-08-15
President Truman
Releases Word Of
Surrender At PM.
Wilmington Business
Houses Close Today

All Wilmington business
houses of all kinds will be
closed all day Wednesday,
August Is, in observance Of the
end of World War II, Walter
]. Cartier, executive secretary
of the Chamber of Commerce,
said Tuesday night.
An announcement will be
made Wednesday on whether
or not the business firms will
be closed all day Thursday,
Mr.. Carter stated.
Federal employees have been
granted a two-day holiday by
order of President Truman.
ALI member stores of the Re-
tail Grocery association will
cooperate in closing Wednes-
day for the holiday, r. v. Roe
buck, president Of the associa-
ton, said Tuesday night.