davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-10-04

with disclosures relating to the
manufacturing processes leading to
the production Of the atomic bomb
itself. They will constitute an ef-
fort to work out arrangements COW
ering the terms under which inter-
national collaboration and exchange
of scientific information might
safely proceed.
The outcome of the discussions
will be, reported to the Congress as
soon as possible, and any resulting
agreements requiring Congressional
action will be submitted to the Con-
gress.
But regardless of the course Of
discussions in the international
field, I believe 1t is essential that
legislation along the lines 1 have
indicated be adopted as promptly as
possible to insure the necessary re-
search In, and development and con-
troll of, the production and use of
atomic energy.
Evening star., 1945-10-04
Men Who
Get Up Mghs
Often Lose Their Pen

II you hAvs 70 est ~ or more times
night, your,rest is broken and rs no wonder
II YOU feel old and rundown before your
time 90 II you Get Up Nights or suffer from
Bladder weakness, Painful Passages. Back
Pains, Circles Under Eyes, or Swollen
Ankles, due 70 non-organic and non-sys-
temic Kidney and Bladder Troubles, you
should try Cystex 10 physicians prescrip-
tion). Usually, the very nrst dose Of Cystex
goes right to work helping the Kidneys fush
out excess acids and wastes which may have
caused your trouble 30 take Cystex exactly
rapid increase in pep, more youthful feeling
and 10Y in living. Cystex must satisfy COM
pleteiy or simply return empty package and
money back Is guaranteed. Don't suffer an
other night without trying Cystex-3 guar
anteed sizes, 3Se. 7ss. Si.5o at druggists.
Evening star., 1945-10-04
Dr.. H. w. GIidden Gets
Librury of Conuress Post

DR.. Harold w. Glidden, author
and scholar, is serving as chief OF
the Near East section Of the divi-
sion Of Orentalia Of the Library Of
Congress, it was announced today.
DR.. Glidden, . graduate OF the
University OF Rochester, came to
the library August 20 from the Of
fee Of Strategic Services, where he
had served since October 2, 1941.
He supervised the editing OF the
index to this Journal Of the Amer
Evening star., 1945-10-04
DR.. HorreII Takes Oath
As Police, Fire Surgeon

DR.. j. Blaine Harrell, who has
been serving without compensation
as an associate member of the Board
Of Police and Fire Surgeons, has
taken the oath of office as a regu-
lar member Of the board, the Com
missioners announced yesterday.
DR.. Harrell was appointed an as
sociate member in July of last year
The post of board member has a
salary of $3.50 year. He succeeds
DR.. F. <. McGovern. who has re-
signed. :
Evening star., 1945-10-04
No Atomic Bomb Defense
Possible, Scientist SAYS
By tie Associated Press.


COPENHAGEN, Oct. 4. Niels
Bohr, Danish scientist who was
closely associated with the atomic
bomb research, told an assembly oi
technicians here last night that he
believed no defense against the
bomb was possible, and thus talk
of military bases is nonsense"
Addressing the Engineers So
ciety of Copenhagen, he estimated
that the United States can pro-
duce about three Kilograms Cap
proximately seven pounds) daily oi
uranium, the element used in the
manufacture of the bomb. A form
of the element, known as uranium
235. is the agent which releases the
vast atomic energy.
Bohr, 60-year -old Danish scien-
tist whose research aided In the
development of the weapon, ex-
planned that in order to produce
even minute quantities of the ele-
ment, an extensive laboratory and
factory are necessary. The amount
of uranium produced by the United
States, he said, gave an idea oi
the fantastic factories erected.
He said he hoped the nations oi
the world would agree on interna.
tional control of atomic energy sc
that it could be used for the benefit
Of mankind.
BUENOS AIRES, Oct. 4 (P.-Ar-
gentina yesterday banned the ex-
port of uranium-vital mineral In
the development of the atomic
bomb.
Vice President and Minister oi
War Juan Peron in announcing the
decree said the action was taken
because Of "the utmost Importance
for the future Of the multiple sp-
plication Of the mineral
Evening star., 1945-10-04

ADVERTISEMENT.
Evening star., 1945-10-04
Text Of Truman Message on Atomic Bomb

The teTt of President Tru-
mans message to Congress on
the atomic bomb tolIo,Ds:. -
Evening star., 1945-10-04

Created by experts IN animal
feeding; proved by generations of
pure-bred dogs at Abers Kennels
on Carnation Farm, famous for
scientific animal feeding. Free
book: How to Feed and Care for
Your Dog" Address Friskies, r. o.
Box71, Oeonomowoc, Wisconsin.
Evening star., 1945-01-03
Firepluces

Many are the human beings who
ind comfort and a deep sense of
satisfaction in fireplace. The open
hearth, leaping flames, and relaxing
warmth may take Homo sapiens
back through the long centuries to
dim, racial memories of prehistoric
times when cave dWellers crowded
around fires at the entrances to rude
homes. There is attention-compel-
ling fascination in watching the
multicolored flames as they curl
around the logs in ever changing
patterns and break away from the
main body, pulled upward by some
irresistible law of nature.
There is an art to tending a fire.
place. First of all, one needs a good,
deep bed of ashes. He is no true
keeper of the hearth who insists on
a spick-and-span area. A comfort
able, overflowing bed of ashes means
a steady body of heat once the fire
Is going. The backlog needs heap
ing pile of ashes for its foundation.
Admittedly there are different ways
OF getting fire started. Some
make doughnuts of twisted pa
pers; some prefer the tepee method
OF construction in which kindling
and sticks are piled in a tent-shaped
cone. Some lay the sticks and feed
crumpled pieces of paper until the
logs catch.
The countryman, from long ex-
perience, AYERS there is only one
proper way to start a fire. On the
1attened, deep bed of ashes put a
few pieces of wadded paper. Over
this lay dozen small sticks of dry
pine kindling. On the kindling place
the pieces of firewood. At the back,
put a big piece of maple, oak, beech,
ash or apple. Then one should sit
before the fire as it starts. If spot
needs coaxing, tuck in few pieces
OF the resinous, dry kindling. Moth
ing like the intense, quick heat OF
Evening star., 1945-01-03
SeusheIl

Within these rolute fan blades and
these creamy Dhorls
IS dA perfection OF despdiring Phidian
design.
Sculptor ,oas neuer eloquent NTH such
nustere simplicity,
Hellenic marble neDer pielded to such
purity OF line.
And tn this curDe sings all the music OF
the tDorld
As old as time itself beyond remotest
human memory:
The lost cold loDely song OF papes to
dgelesS stars,
The i'nmemorial dialogue between the
t1tnd and sea.
Regard this slender shell that so de-
lights the eye.
1t Offers little soldce to the heart or
iDarnlth to touch,
Its music Is the memorable sound OF
passing time,
IT. beauty Is perfection. and nseaninp-
less as such.
FREDERICK EBRIGHr.
Evening star., 1945-01-03
On the Record
By Dorothy Thompson

We have been unable to transform the
political coalition into an entity to deal
with Germany. I have asked: Why?
We cannot understand the reasons
by looking only at Germany. The Allied
approach to the German question has
been to try to find a compromise be-
tween opposite interests, instead Of
creating a new common interest, by
creating ANEW world. We are trying
to At defeated Germany into world
of conflicting powers. We are unable
to draft program for defeated Ger
many, because the accession of any part
Of Germany to any one OF the Allied
powers means an extension of the pow
er of one ally at the cost OF another
At the bottom of our dilemma over Ger
many is the fear Of the Allied powers
of each other.
The Russians are making a MARKHAM
diagnosis of the situation-but contem-
plating an old-fashioned nationalist
power therapy. The Russians also have
a SchiZophrenia. If they wanted to
make all Europe communist, that would
be policy. But they don't.
Under the slogan of security the Rus
slams want to extend their power. The
extension of their power demands that
they even suppress social revolutions
that might oppose an extension of So
Wet nationalism. So they choose pam
Slavism and German and European
partition instead.
In place Of reasonably organized
Europe, they want weak and disor-
ganized Europe riddled with divisions,
and Europe in which are planted
eternal dragons teeth of strife. They
think they need this for their protec-
ton e. -- s-ss
The British, frantic, and with some
cause, over their own security, wish to
enlarge their power. especially in West
ern Europe, the Mediterranean, and
Africa.
The American answer is the elimina-
ton of commercial rivals, and trade
expansion. II everybody Is getting some
Evening star., 1945-01-03

thing out of this war, the United States
must certainly get something, too, and
we can obviously not get empire nor
extension of influence in Europe.
This is the world we live in, and it's
no good saying that If Churchill, Stain
and Roosevelt sit down together, they
will change the facts. Neither will the
creation of joint political staff change
things. There already is a European
advisory council in London.
Nothing can change things except a
plan to make peace, with liberty and
justice for au-and not a plan to ex-
pand powers. The tremendous irony is
that the free peoples of the world, at
least. know it-and feel themselves
helpless.
There are two conditions, and only
two, under which Germany as an entity,
can surrender.
The first is to make clear that Ger
many" will be left which is economically
capable of life. A Germany that is
deindustrialized, or loses its industrial
provinces, or is overcrowded by the
evacuation Of 10 to 20 million Germans
into truncated Reich, will be more in
capable of sustaining life than Puerto
Rico.
The second condition under which
Germany could surrender-and I am
using the words 'can and could" not
will and wishes"-is she could become
the ward Of an already established world
organization, operating along clear and
established principles.
The surrender of a nation must mean
the merging of ones identity into a
larger identity, but it cannot happen
unless some larger identity exists.
A Germany conquered by four powers
but not surrendered to any one thing
is no answer. The problems We face
now VIII not be easier of solution once
our armies occupy all Germany. BY
that time they will be insoluble Then
one thing will just lead to another;
nature will take its course, and it's
course will be terrible and astonishing.
Released by the Bell Syndicate, Ine)
Evening star., 1945-01-03
On TuIkinq Out Loud

President Roosevelt's latest news
conference was singularly non
productive of news.
He conceded that there were diff
ferences among the Allies-some
important and some unimportant-
but that hardly belongs in the cate
CORY of information.
One of our difficulties, as the
President put it, is the common
failure, especially on the part of
writers, to make an appropriate dis
tinction between principles and the
details of their Interpretation. For
example, he cited the Ten Com
mandmentS as good set of prin-
ciples. But there are varying in
terpretations of the Ten Command
ments, he declared, and it might not
be desirable to talk out loud about
how some people interpret the Com
mandments. The same thing is true,
in Mr.. Roosevelt's opinion, of the
inevitable differences among the
Allies. They are differences in the
Interpretation of good principles,
and while it may be all right to talk
about the principles, we should not
talk out loud about the differing
interpretations.
Presumably the President has his
reasons for reducing to kinder
garten level his comments on a con-
dition which threatens the hope of
the world. Perhaps the major Allies
are so far apart on the important
differences that no constructive ends
would be served by candid discus
sion of them. Or it may be that Mr..
Roosevelt, hopeful of finding a solu-
ton, is merely indulging his fancy
for lecturing his critics.
However that may te, the fact
remains that the people of this
country are not receiving the bene-
fit of guidance from the President.
They listen to Mr.. Churchill, who
does not hesitate to discuss Allied
differences out loud. They observe
the unfolding of Russian policy at
the hands of Mr.. Stain, and they
form their own conclusions as to
which of the differences are i'm
portant. That they will talk, out
loud about these differences is as
inevitable as the differences them
selves, and if the talk is often un-
informed, and possibly harmful, it
can hardly be denied that Mr..
Roosevelt's policy of keeping his own
counsel has contributed to that
result.
Evening star., 1945-01-03
This Changing World
By Constantine Bro,cn

The activities Of the submarines SO far
to interfere with the vital supply lines
between the United States and Europe
in the near future. From available in
formation, 1t appears that Hitler has
ordered his submarine crews to take the
utmost chances to prevent the flow of
supplies to the Allied forces in the west
at the time they are most needed.
While the campaign does not particu-
larly worry the American and British
Navies, because the number Of available
oceangoing submarines is restricted, the
operations of the smaller craft are GER
tainly annoying. The craft can be pro-
duced in large numbers because they
are constructed inland and are assembled
in the many harbors still available to
the Germans along the Danish, Nor
wegian and Dutch coasts.
The new craft are believed to be pro-
vided with new devices to foil the ac-
tivities of Allied submarine destroyers,
and the fact that they can remain sub
merged for long periods of time makes
them harder to track down than here
tofore. Besides attacking Allied shipping
with torpedoes they also lay mines soon
after other mines have been cleaned
up by the Allied trawlers and mine
sweeping fleets. The particular care
that must be exercised before ships put
out to sea from England to the Belgian
and Dutch coasts is naturally delaying
the flow of supplies to the fighting forces
on the western front.
Revival of German submarine activity
is no longer the danger it was earlier
in the war The toll is far below that
formerly taken. But the U-boats have
a real nuisance value at time when
it is SO vital for us to rush men and
supplies from Britain to the continent.
Evening star., 1945-01-03

The Allies on the western front are
now faced with a ground, air and naval
counteroffensive which must have been
carefully planned long ago, possibly even
before the successful landing operations
In Normandy.
German submarines Of different type
have made their appearance in large
numbers in the last few weeks. They
are particularly active in the English
Channel and of the Belgian coast. Since
December is the Allies have suffered
greater losses in ships and lives due to
U-boat activity than at any time in the
previous six months.
The German Navy is reported to have
In use between 400 and 500 U-boats OF
about 200 tons each. They are Of
greatly improved type and can remain
submerged for long periods of time.
These submarines, which have small
crews-not exceeding IL men each-are
based on the coast of Holland, with the
port of Ijmuiden as their main concen-
tration point. From the Dutch coast
they are harassing the lines Of COM
munication between Great Britain,
Antwerp and other ports on the Belgian
and Dutch coasts.
But while the main German naval
effort is concentrated in these small
craft, the larger-type submarine has not
been completely discarded, and neither
the British Admiralty nor the Navy De-
partment would be surprised to see a
revival of the German long-range sub
marine campaign. Since the loss of the
bases in France the Nazis have made
the port of Bergen in Norway their chief
center for ocean-going submersibles.
U-boat pens much larger and stronger
than the German Navy had at Brest are
reported to exist at Bergen and probably
in some other bases along the Nor
Wegian coast
Evening star., 1945-01-03

pine branches to get q fire OF to an
hours long session.
In these earth-reverberating days,
the fireplace comes into it's own as a
haven. It is one spot where the
verities seem mistaken and a man
can think Of things that keep an an
chor in hfe's worthwhileness. A man
does not need a ration book for it.
And for those who are so fortunately
situated, the old proverb still ap-
plies: He who cuts the wood for his
own home is twice warmed once as
he cuts it, and again as he burns it,
Evening star., 1945-01-03
International Invective

Apparently unable to contain it
self any longer, the usually even
tempered London Economist has cut
loose with bitter front-page ,edi-
torial declaring that it has become
fed up with hearing Americans ac-
cuse the British of evil-doing and of
Stacking" in the war against Ger
many and Japan. 1t has become
fed up, too with what it regards as
unjust and hypocriticar' talk about
how Britons are killing the Atlantic
Charter by playing power politics in
Europe-talk emanating chiefly from
the very persons who shout loudest
"for annexation by the United States
of all convenient naval bases IN both
oceans"
Americans, says the Economist,
give voice to lofty moral generali-
ties" but neither in Greece, Poland,
India, nor Palestine do they show
amy willingness to get down into
the dust of the arena and attempt to
work out policy that is both right
and feasible" The editorial goes on
to suggest that in view of all this and
in view of the "willful misstate-
ments" directed against Britain in
the United States, the British must
ask themselves whether they should
bank upon our good will in the years
to come or whether it might not be
wiser for them. irrespective of us, to
establish special arrangements with
Russia definitely involving spheres of
influence. And quite bluntly it de-
clares that "if Americans find this
attitude too cynical or too suspicious,
they should draw the conclusion that
they have twisted the Lions tail Just
once too often"
In some respects, since it is GER
tainly fact that more than a few
individuals in this country have been
going out of their way to snipe at
Britain, one can sympathize with the
Economist for being so wrought up.
1t is regrettable, however, to see a
periodical of such standing lose it's
poise and sense of proportion. Amer
leans as whole may tend to under
estimate the difficulties involved in
problems like that of Greece and
Poland and they may be tradition
ally inclined to make an idealistic
approach to such problems, but they
can hardly be charged with wanting
to belittle the British-or any other
ally, for that matter. 1t is only
vocal minority among us that makes
game of that, not the overwhelm-
ing majority, and the Economist
shows an uncharacteristic lack of
balance - and renders poor service
to friendly international relations
when it fails to give due weight to
that.
If the Economist were customarily
irresponsible and disagreeable, we
could ignore what it has just said.
But it is such reputable journal
that the sudden bitterness of its
views is disturbing, not only because
it probably reflects q considerable
body OF substantial British opinion
but also because it can serve only
to encourage further bad feelings
and thus make more difficult the
task OF those seeking to advance the
cause OF cooperation among the
Evening star., 1945-01-03
Making q Mystery of 1t

Something destroyed the equi-
librium between retail demand and
supply OF gasoline in this area Just
before Christmas and it is taking
a surprisingly long time to recover it.
The trouble may have been precipi-
tated by panic buying, but that was
the original of many subsequent ex-
plantations given for the cigarette
shortage-now frankly recognized
as being due to lack of cigarettes.
The gasoline shortage may be due
to lack of gasoline. But this the
anonymous authorities at the Pc
troleum War Administration insist
emily deny. They say there is
enough gasoline here to supply out
standing ration coupons, although
the wholesale dealers themselves
have reached the point now of say
ing nothing and referring inquiries
to the PWA.
The whole business remains
mystery. Some retail stations in
Washington have been without a
drop of gasoline for three weeks. The
futile efforts of the District Medical
Society to assure a supply for doc
tors have revealed an amazing
amount of responsibility, taking
the form Of endless buck passing
between the local Office of Price
Administration and the PWA. II
Representative Coffee of Washing
ton can succeed in his determina-
ton to find out what is wrong, he
will be warmly applauded. For
while the public will acceptswartime
shortages with good grace, pro-
vided they are frankly explained,
the public becomes suspicious and
indignant when the only explana-
ton offered for a gasoline shortage
is the statement that gasoline sup
plies are adequate.
Evening star., 1945-01-03

1t is the unfortunate tendency of
democratic peoples always to seek
scapegoat on whom to vent their dis
appointment whenever military re-
verse takes place. This is particularly
true when up to the time of the reverse
everything has been going nicely and
the public mind has remained comfort
ably bedded down in the lambs wool of
its usual CHEEKY optimism.
We had hard time at the beginning
of this war. Things were pretty grim,
both in the Pacific and in Europe. So
we set our teeth and arched our backs
and went to work to make them better.
We did. We made them a great deal
better.
The enemy, therefore, could be expect
ed to fight back as hard as he could.
and to fight for no greater purpose
than just to gain time, If that should
be all his strength permitted him to
hope. He fought back. In Europe, he
threw in his reserve OF mobile ground
troops and his carefully boarded air
power-and the home front has not yet
recovered from the shock of that surprise
and is asking who is responsible for this
rude upsetting of its nervous system.
Consequently the papers and the air
waves have been full of attempts at
explanation-some well informed, others
much less so. Most of the criticism has
centered upon the intelligence branch
of the general staff Of supreme head
quarters. Intelligence, 1t is said, failed
to form proper estimate of the enemy's
criticism goes farther and says that the
information provided by intelligence
was not correctly evaluated and applied
to the dispositions of our forces. But
l have yet to see any of these critiques
which shows any real appreciation of
how the staff of a great army actually
works
It is the task of ntelhgence-G-2-
to collect, evaluate and summarize in
formation of enemy dispositions and
movements This information is then
passed along to G-3 (operations) which
prepares plans for our own forces, in
which the intelligence estimates are of
course taken into account. In this task,
it is the responsibility of GA (supply)
to say whether sufficient ammunition,
food, transportation and SO on is avail
able for whatever G-3 is trying to do.
Now inevitably, in any staff, the
tendency will be for the analytical minds
to be drawn into G-2, while the go
getter type of mind will be more at
tracted to G-3. This is not invariably
the case, but is tendency, due to the
type of work to be performed. When
the G-3 boys are confronted with an
unpleasant fact from G-2, or shortage
of supplies from GA, their natural
tendency is to discount it just a little
il 1t seems to hint at check upon
some plan which they have in course of
formation.
This is perfectly natural and human
nobody likes to have fine plan all
ready and then have some gloom
peddler come along and say "you can't
do that" Up to this point. no harm has
been done and no staff could work at
all unless the distribution OF tendencies
was that which has been described. II