Evening star., 1945-08-30
Byrnes Seeks 10 Keep
Peace Settlements on
Bipartisan Basis
BY GARNETT d. HORNER.

by OAhNElI ID. HOhNER.
Secretary of State Byrnes will try
to keep American participation in
European peace settlements on a BIZ
partisan basis, similar to that which
marked development of the United
Nations Charter.
He made this clear yesterday in
announcing that John Foster Dulles,
prominent Republican foreign policy
expert, will be one of his advisers
at meeting of the Big Five Coun-
Gil of Foreign Ministers in London
next month.
Mr.. Byrnes emphasized he also in
tended to keep the Senate Foreign
Relations Committee fully informed
of progress made by the Council in
laying the groundwork for peace
treaties with the former Axis ma
tions of Europe.
Dulles Attends Charter Farley.
Mr. Dulles. New York interna-
tional lawyer, was Gov. DeWeys
principal foreign policy adviser dur
ing the last presidential campaign
and was an adviser to the bipartisan
American delegation at the San
Francisco Conference that framed
the United Nations security organi-
zation.
Mr. Byrnes said Mr.. Dulles had
agreed to accompany him to the
initial session of the Council, ex-
pected to convene in London on
September 10, and that he hoped
he also would attend later meetings.
Assistant Secretary of State James
c. Dunn will be Mr. Byrnes' princi-
pal assistant at the London meeting
and will remain there as his deputy
for detailed work after the first Or
ganlzation session. Ben Cohen,
special assistant to Mr.. Byrnes, will
be another adviser.
To Seek Big Five Agreement.
Set up at the Big Three Potsdam
Conference, the Council of FOREIGN
Ministers will seek Big Five agree
ment on peace treaties with Italy
and former enemy states in the
Balkans and other postwar European
problems preliminary to any full
dress peace conference.
Mr.. Byrnes discussed number Of
other subjects at a news conference
yesterday, ranging from economic
assistance to Great Britain to the
role played by the atomic bomb in
Fastening japanese surrender.
He revealed that japanese leaders
twice sought Russian mediation for
a negotiated peace before atomic
bombs were used on Japan and that
Premier Stain himself turned down
the first request
Byrnes Emphasizes Defeat.
Obviously concerned lest the Japa-
nese, like the Germans after the last
war, build up legend of uncon-
quered militarism, Mr.. Byrnes en-
phasized that these peace feelers
showed the japanese they were de-
feated by overwhelming armed
might of the United States and its
Allies even before they heard of the
atomic bomb.
He said that on the first day of
the Big Three Potsdam Conference
July 17-he was informed that
Premier Stain already had reject
ed a japanese proposal to send a
delegation to Moscow to seek Rus
sian mediation to help end the war
on the grounds that it was too
vague.
subsequently. during the Potsdam
Conference, Mr. Byrnes said, Stain
reported another Japanese peace
bid-this time to send a delegation
to Moscow headed by Prince Konoye.
japanese Prime Minister before the
attack on Pearl Harbor Although
the second japanese proposal was
more concrete, Mr.. Byrnes said, it
was rejected because it was evident
the japanese were seeking a nego-
tiated peace.
Atomic Bomb Saved Lives.
In the interim, he added. the Pots
dam declaration containing the un.
conditional surrender terms. later
accepted by the japanese, was issued.
BY expediting the end of the war
on terms acceptable to the Allies,
Mr.. Byrnes said the atomic bomb
saved hundreds of thousands of lives
of fighting men, both Allied and
Japanese.
In addition, he emphasized, it
should be realized that millions of
Japanese civilians would have been
killed in ordinary bombing attacks
If the war had continued and thus
far more Japanese lives were saved
by the atomic bomb speeding the
wars end than were killed in the
two cities devastated by the new
weapons of destruction.
The Secretary said economic ne
gotiations will begin with the Brit
ish delegation here next week, fol-
lowing preliminary talks with Brit
ish officials in London by Assistant
Secretary of State Will L. Clayton,
who is returning for the discussions
/ here. The negotiations will cover
the whole subject of trade relations,
as well as the immediate problem OF
credit to help solve Britain's eco
nomic difficulties following the end
| Of lease-lend.