davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Nome nugget., 1945-03-14
IN SAAR
Men and Materials Pouring Across Rhine Bridges

PARIS, March 14,-IP)-First Army troops now have firmly es- tablished their bridgehead across the Rhine into which men and materials are pouring to support the 10000 shock troops who are alreadw moving forward through the forrested hills east of the Rhine.
 Tn a dawn attack Americans captured the town of St. Cathar- ten, 4 miles northeast of Linz, ? miles directly east of a large bend in the river. Infantry moved on beyond the town, and are less than 2 miles from Frankfurt. on the main superhighway. Kretz- enhaus, 5 miles east of the Rhine was cleared of the enemy and Kalenborn was entered. sr5
 To the south the Third Army cleared the western bank of the Moselle river save for few stragglers, and opened a new drive across the top of the indus trial Saar district, which has car ried the U. s. forces 10 miles east of Saarburg and the Siegfried line. =.----sl-.-a-
 Thirteen towns have been cap tured, mostly on the east side Of the Moselle river. Fighting in the rugged Hochwald-Hunsrueck mountains made slow progress.
 Patton's Army captured re- cord bag 6,619 prisoners yester- day terday raising it's 9-day to- tai to 27,127. Most of these sur renderen in Eifel, and in pockets sealed off by swift armored col umns.
 Other crossings of the Rhine are predicted for the Canadian, British and U. S. Ninth armies on the lower reaches of the river, between Emmeric and the Dutch Border.
The Nome nugget., 1945-03-14
..JAPDIET
 SITS ON
 AIRRAIDS
LONDON, March 14,-(P)-The

Heavy bombers caused great explosions in the Takao hydro-el- ectric plant on forrnosa and start ed large fires in rail installations.
 Patrol 5bombers ranging to the China Sea left d three thousand ton freighter ablaze and sank a tanker off mdos China. .s' .s- '.-.''i i.s'':
Evening star., 1945-03-25
By JAMES BIRCHFIELD,
Star Staff Correspondsnt.

{ HARPER'S FERRY, Mar. a.
The plan Of Army Engineers to con-
struct II power and flood control
dams throughout the Potomac River
basin would, according to the towns
mayor, "just about take Harpers
Ferry OF the map.
The towns chief reason for exis-
tence-the Baltimore a. Ohio Rail-
roads traclD-Would be inundated
by dam just below the town. Ac-
cording to Army Engineers figures,
the water level would - raised from
is To 28 feet above the level Of the
tracks and the railroad bridge which
crosses the Potomac River at this
point. A National Park Services re-
port Indicated the water would rise
about ~ feet above the present level
Of the river.
Mayor L. .. Nichols last night re-
dected the general concern OF local
citizens over Whist would happen to
Evening star., 1945-03-25
Mayor Of Horpers Ferry Fears
Dam Will Mean Death Of Town

the town If the project se0es through.
He said the project would just
about take Harper's Ferry on the
man" explaining that relocation OF
the railroad tracks would eliminate
economic justification for the towns
existence. The dam would also put
many OF the towns historic land
marks under water, he pointed out.
Route 10, one Of the main roads
into the town, would be flooded at
the point where It crosses the Po-
Etomac .inasmuch as the highway
bridge Is the former railroad span
and is at the same level as the new
railroad bridge.
E. A. Demaray, assistant director
Of the National Park Service, de-
clared that Harpers Ferry would be
the principal sufferer from the dam
project. Flooding Of the lower sec
tion OF the town, he said, would I'M
pair Its historic value. It would de-
|stroy number Of nearly 100 year
(Continued on Page B-1, Col, ~
Evening star., 1945-03-25
5OO-MiIe Air Armudu Carries
.Purotroops Behind Rhine Line

ground. Sharp fire bursts around
gliders showed the troops almost
Immediately wheeled into action.
There were men Of the British 9Th
and United States 17th Air-borne
Divisions, specially trained for the
hazardous assignment behind the
German river defense.
For a few minutes, there was an
aerial traflic jam made doubly haz-
ardous by bursts of flax which
brought down at least one trans
port tug and one glider.
Swirling, darting and curving in
a dance OF the sky to the tune Of
engines of 1,5O0 transports, over
toned by those of hundreds of fight
ers, the air armada poured out at
least 10000 to 1900 men in one
area alone.
German planes gave no oppose
ton.
The long procession. streaming
out from bases in Britain and
3Sec PARATROOPs, Page Abb
Evening star., 1945-03-25
BY ALEX II. SINGLETON,
Associated Press war Correspondent,

ABOARD A GLIDER TUG EAST
OF THE RHINE, March al saw
history's mightiest air armada--
officially 500 miles long-soar tri-
umphantly across the placid Rhine
today, and deposit thousands of
American and British air-borne
troops in the thick of an enemy
defense zone plastered in advance
by an unprecedented artillery and
bomb barrage.
The size of the air-borne army
was not announced-although some
said it ranged up to 10000 men.
But from bird's-eye view in the
co-pilot's seat of an Raj Stirling
transport, I saw thousands of Amer
lean paratroopers descend to the
smoke e-shrouded battlefield within
sight of the Rhine.
simultaneously, gliders carrying
British troops cut loose from tugs
and swooped gracefully to the
Evening star., 1945-03-25
$1,000 Allied Planes
Aid Rhine CROSSING
In Greatest Offensive
At Least s. Germun
Croft Downed;; Opposition
Of Luftwoffe Spotty
BY the Associated Press.


LONDON, Sunday, Mar. 25.-
Continuing unchecked tn e
mightiest aerial offensive in
history, which yesterday saw
II, 200 planes join the assault
across the Rhine in support of
troops charging toward the
heart of the Reich, Mosquitoes
lashed Berlin last night for the
33d consecutive night.
The huge armada, which con-
verged on the Rhine crossing area
yesterday from England and con-
tinent- based airdromes, laid a pro-
tective wall of fire in front of the
Allied troops.
Incomplete returns from the as
sault on the Reich showed at least
So German planes were shot down
by American fighters-exclusive of
the bag for last nights Berlin raid
which was not yet tabulated.
The harried Luftwaffe offered only
spotty opposition. Almost half of
the kills were scored as the Nazis
were run down like rabbits by
American fighters. Twenty enemy
planes were blasted out of the sky
over one field from which they were
trying to escape.
Announced American losses for
the day were 26 heavy bombers and
IA fighters or f1ghterbombers.
Twenty of the missing bombers
were from group of $40 Liberators
which plowed through heavy ground
fire at tree-top level to drop sup-
(See AERIAL, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1945-03-25
Munitions Cities and Berlin
Threatened; Eisenhower
Commits 1,25O,OOO


PARIS Sunday, March 25.-Four Allied armies crossed
and broke Germanys vaunted Rhine line 30ile front
yesterday, plowng five miles into the flaming Ruhr and
the north German plain
Backed by 1000 guns and 1000 planes, with British
and United States navies manning fleets of landing bages
the long awaited endthewar offensive swept the
Rhine the most massive operation since day last June
6, ripping the historic Rhine barrier wide open.
The British Army and parts of the Canadian st Army
the plain within miles of Berlin and gouging
northwestern gateway to the Ruhr.
Nazis Stunned by Barrage
The United States 9th Army charged miles into the Ru
Just south We welded four crossings solid 2me
bdgehead IL thrust southwark within miles
of DuiSburg, Europes greatest inland port.
Resistance light moderate the Germans stunned
by the barage of big the mercess
pounding thousands of warplanes which
what may be the wars last big push
Naval landing craft such used in the Normandy land
ngs poured streams of troops tanks and material into the
breach ripped by the tremendous shock of the assault
All the Ruhrs big munitions cities without
cannot mperled eventually
herself for Field Marshal Montgomery pouring power
to Europes best tank battlefield the Westphalian
Thus Gen. Eisenhower had committed possibly 250O00
the offensive of the west and least six of his nine armies
the Rhine which before had ored battle
Furthermore of these the United Army,
only 262 miles from Berlin and had tank beyond Rhine
the mid Germany valley route to the capital
Evening star., 1945-03-25
9Th Army Sweeps Up II Towns
In Driving Nearly to Duisburg
200 B-29s Hit
.Nogoyo Plane =.
Engine Plant
BY the Associated Press.

4
21st BOMBER COMMAND
HEADQUARTERS, GUAM, Sun
day, Mar. 25.-More than 200
Super Fortresses swung in
daringly low over the mammoth
MitSubiShi aircraft engine fac
tory near Nagoya in darkness
early today and set at least IS
fires in the greatest demolition
raid yet to hit Japan.
Giving Japan no pause, the B-29s
from the Marianas touched off
flames and explosions in one of
Japan's most important plants.
The B-29s, which in five recent
incendiary raids have dropped more
than 1000 tons of fire bombs on
japanese cities, switched to demo-
lition bombs in an effort to knock
out factory whose engines are used
by virtually every type of enemy
plane.
The Tokyo radio. said the raid
continued for two hours and incen-
diaries as well as demolition bombs
were dropped. The Mitsubishi fac
tory covers nearly 100000 square
feet,
Evening star., 1945-03-25
Committee Votes S565, 900
For Meat Investigation
Nv the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
Price Administrator Chester
Bowles in last-minute appearance
before the Senate Appropriations
Committee yesterday won approval
Of a special $565 900 fund to inves-
tigate the meat shortage.
The fund, in a $2.612. 2.O00, 900 de-
ficiency appropriation bill, will be
used to check small, unlicensed
slaughterhouses which supply meat
to towns and villages.
Mr.. Bowles told the committee his
purpose was to equalize the supply
over the Nation, eliminating con-
ditions which make meat plentiful
In some localities while it is scarce
in others.
Evening star., 1945-03-25
Doing Double Duty

This copy of The Sunday
Star is an essential product in
bringing to you the news Of
today.
It remains an essential
product In the Double Wv
Waste te~Paper Salvage CAM
paign. v to speed victory
to aid veterans.
Save It and I'll other paper.
Evening star., 1945-03-25
Early Will Succeed
Watson, Then Leave
White House in June
Secretary to Enter
Privote Employment;
DunieIs Gets Press Job
Nv I. A FOX

Stephen T. Early will leave the
White House staff early in June
but until then will take over the
secretarial duties OF the late
Maj. Gen. Edwin M. Watson,
President Roosevelt announced
last night in a brief, informal
statement.
Mr.. Early has been White House
press secretary since Mr.. Roosevelt
began his first term IL years ago
He plans to enter private employ
ment, the President said. Mr.. Early
has not made known what, he in
tends to do.
Jonathan Daniels, who has been
acting press secretary for the past
two months while Mr.. Early was
abroad. will take on that job per-
manently, Mr.. Roosevelt's an
nouncement said.
Gen. Watson, who also was the
Presidents military aide, took care
of Mr.. Roosevelt's visiting list, and
since his death William D. Hassett.
another presidential secretary, has
been handling this work.
The Presidents statement said:
II have asked Steve Early to re-
main as secretary to the President
until I have an opportunity to find
some one to fill the vacancy Gre
ated by the death of Gen. Watson.
Steve had hoped to resign when he
returned to Washington from his
recent assignment in France.
Jonathan Daniels, who has been
acting in Steve's absence, will be
appointed secretary to the President
in charge OF press relations. Bill
Hassett. who has had charge Of ap-
pointments since the death of Gen.
Watson, will take up again the duties
of his old Office.
"I hope to be able by early June
to name a permanent secretary in
charge of appointments. At that
time, Steve will be free to enter
private employment, in accordance
with the wishes he has expressed to
me-"
Mr.. Early, a friend of the Presi-
dent since the days when he was an
Associated Press reporter and the
now Chief Executive was Assistant
Secretary of the Navy, came to the
White House in charge of press re-
lations when the President was in
augurated in March, 1888.
His trip to France was a special
press relations mission for the War
Department after accompanying the
President to the Crimea Conference.
When Gen. Watson died January 20
while returning from Yalta with the
President, the change of plans be-
came necessary.
Evening star., 1945-03-25
Sd Army's Boats
Built in Month;
Flown to Front
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
Hundreds of the small attack
boats used by the American Sd
Army to steal across the Rhine were
only stacks Of plywood in American
factories lesssthan month ago.
The War Department said yester-
day the boats were rushed to COM
pletion and many were flown di-
rectly to the battle zone. Il
The order for 500 boats was re-
ceived on February /. Material was
speeded to factories and builders
began what the Army called "a
production miracle"
Maj. Gen. Eugene Reybold, chief
of Army engineers, has sent letters
of commendation to each of the four
companies-the Sentry Boat Co. at
Manistee, Mich; Minnetonka Boat
works at Wayzata, Mimi; the Fos-
ter Boat Co., Charlevoix, Mich; the
Pine Castle Boat Co. Pine Castle,
Fla.
Evening star., 1945-03-25
Civilian Paper Items
Hit by 81, ,000- Ton Cut
Ry the Associated Press.

The War Production Board yes
terday reduced the amount of wood
pulp to be used for facial tissues,
paper towels, wrapping paper, bags
and other civilian paper items in
April, May and June, by about 80 900
tons under that authorized for the
present quarter.
The largest cut, amounting to
10000 tons, was in coarse paper such
as grocery bag and butcher paper.
Evening star., 1945-03-25
NewSovietDrive
Gains 43 Miles
In estHungary
Sewage Fight Roges
Along Oder Front,
Berlin Reports
MAP on Page Az
Py the Associated Press.

Py the Associated Press.
LONDON, Sunday, Mar. 25.-
Russian tanks and infantry,
smashing within Al miles of
Austria and 81 miles of Vienna,
have surged 43 miles across
Western Hungary along a g.
mile front in a great new Of
fenSive timed with the Allied
assault in the west, Premier
Stain disclosed last night.
Moscow said 10000 Germans had
been killed or captured recently in
Hungary.
The massive break through In
Hungary, thrusting toward Southern
Germany's mountain redoubt," !"
where the Nazis are expected to
make their last-ditch stand, came
as Berlin reported a savage, swaying
battle raging in the Nazi capitals
outer defenses 81 miles east of the
city.
The Vienna bound offensive ex-
ploded as the enemy said the Red
Army had built up. 17-mile long
6-mile-deep bridgehead across the
Oder River before Berlin and had
hurled new powerful forces into the
assault.
Two Cities Captured.
At the same time, Moscow an
nounced that Soviet forces In Upper
Silesia had captured the industrial
cities Of Neisse and Loebschuetz and
were probing the Sudeten Mountain
defenses leading from Silesia to
Brno, Prague, and Hitler's Czecho-
slovak arsenal.
Far to the north, the battle for
the Baltic ports of Danzig and
Gdynia was drawing to a close as
Russian forces ground to within 8
miles of Danzig and less than 2
miles from Gdynia.
In Hungary. Marshal Feodor. 1.
Tolbukhins Sd Ukrainian Army cap
tured the rail city of Veszprem and
swept up more than $50 other towns
and villages. Premier Stain said.
Marshal Tolbukhin's troops took
the offensive after smashing coun-
terattacks by II German tank divi-
sions which In the last three
months had recaptured some terri
tory west Of Budapest taken by the
RussiarS last December.
Routing the Germans, Marshal
Tolbukhin's troops killed 10000 and
captured more than 5000, Moscow
said. Soviet communiques during
the last three days have announced
the capture or humiliation of 121,-
600 enemy troops. At least 745 Ger
man tanks and 300 guns were de-
stroyed in the Hungarian drive.
Rail Center Retaken.
The Russians recaptured the rail
center of Szekesferhvar, 80 miles
southwest of Budapest, then rolled
forward as much as 27 miles be-
yond their December positions. They
captured Nor, SO miles southwest of
Budapest, and pushed across the
Gao DTTCCTA no~o a a \
Evening star., 1945-03-25
U. 5. Warships Join
Carrier Planes in
Ryukyus
SheIIine Is Closest to
Jopon So Far; Flyers
Bottle Bod Weather
Ry the Associated Press.

@J taS 6oooSlAtc0 IApso.
PACIFIC FLEET HEADQUAR-
TIERS, Guam, Sunday, Mar. Is
The 16-inch guns of American
battleships bombarded the Ry-
ukyu Islands Friday and Satur-
day in the closest surface action
of the war to the japanese
mainland while carrier planes
of Vice Admiral Marc A. Mits-
cher's Task Force So struck CO.
ordinating blows.
The Navy discosed in communi-
que today the latest phase of the
most extensive carrier task force
action of the war.
Admiral Mitscher's two-way strike
at the Ryukyus, destroying enemy
shipping and smashing airdromes
within 300 miles of Japan, was de-
livered with only days interval
likely for refuelling between it and
a heated four-day operation against
Southern Japan.
Thus for six out of seven days the
Mitscher task force was in action,
Gripping Japan's home fleet in In
land Sea hideouts of Japan, cutting
deep into the enemy's home-based
air force and neutralizing enemy
air bases in the very heart of the
empire over a stretch OF more than
300 miles.
CA delayed dispatch filed by a
correspondent with A d iral
Mitscher's task force said latest
reports, still incomplete, indicate
that SO ships were sunk or dam
aged in the carrier plane assaults
on the Japanese feet and home
land March Is and 10. The new
figures list eight naval auxiliaries
and merchant ships as sunk, IL
probably destroyed and 16 dam
aged. These were in addition to
the II warships previously listed
as crippled.)
Admiral Mitscher's force braved
bad weather to hit four stands in the
Ryukyu area, chief of which was the
naval and air base of Okinawa
Sunday and Monday his planes had
pounded Southern Japan, then took
on the enemy home based air fleet
(see PACIFIC, Page A-6.)
Evening star., 1945-03-25
Double Record Sought
As Red Cross Drive
Enters Final Week
Nationals. Braves PIoy
Benefit Come Today
At Maryland U.

Red Cross leaders entered
their final campaign week today
with a double aim-to get more
than last years record of 487,-
600 gifts and more than last
years total of $3,00Q,00O. The
number of gifts so far is 276,-
000-60 per cent of the 1914 total
and the amount raised is So
O46, 900.
ITO reach as many people is
just as important as getting more
money Samuel n: Kaufman,
campaign chairman, said. He EN-
phasized again that the quota"
Of $2.70o,90 is not the goal"
"Our goal is the very most that
superlative and and all-out team
work by both solicitors and givers
can achieve" the chairman said.
Last year the community respond
ed with nearly 113 per cent of the
assigned quota. We can-and must
do even better than that this
year"
The Washington Nationals and
the Boston Braves will play a bene-
fit baseball game for the Red Cross
at 2::30 pm. today at the University
of Maryland. Admission will be
a contribution to the Red Cross
campaign in Prince Georges County.
which so far has collected only
IS per cent of its $4,000 quota.
Prince Georges Is one of the four
counties associated with the Dis
trict in the metropolitan area drive.
Solicitors from all but the Gov
ernment division will report addi-
tional gifts at 1890 pm. tomorrow
at the United States Chamber of
Commerce. The meeting has been
(See RED CROSS DO Co A-11l
Evening star., 1945-03-25
Coal Contract Farley
Al Impasse;; U. 5. May
intervene Tomorrow
Owners See No Chonce
For Agreement Before
Deudline Saturday
BY JAMES Y. NEWTON.

Soft coal operators had virtu-
ally given up hope last night
that agreement could be reached
with John L. Lewis United Mine
Workers before the expiration
next Saturday Of the present
work contract, and signs were
mounting that the Government
was ready to intervene in ne
gotiationS.
ut must be clear to everyone now
that we won't be able to negotiate q
contract next week." Edward r.
Burke Of the operators negotiating
committee said. We have made no
progress at all-not the slightest,
and we've been here four weeks"
Mr.. Burke gave his dark picture of
the contract situation at the con-
clusion of yesterdays wage confer
ence session. The official word from
Ezra Van Horn, conference chair
man, was that several eff MIR. Lewis
demands were discussed with mo
conclusions reached"
Colvin Meets Leaders.
Meanwhile, Howard T. Colvin,
acting director of the United States
Cancellation Service, appeared on
the scene for the first time since
negotiations began and conferred
separately with Mr.. Lewis and
Charles O'Neill, operators spokes-
man.
Mr.. Colvin refused to say whether
he would formally enter the confer
ence tomorrow in an attempt to
bring the miners and operators to-
gether. He appeared to be sound
ing out the views of both sides on
the situation and it was believed the
operators told him the conference
was hopelessly deadlocked.
The 100000 bituminous miners
over the country are scheduled to
vote Wednesday on the question of
a strike. Their contract expires at
midnight Saturday, and the miners
h0SC O PoASy tAAdt ID duuOAAidtAC VI
mo contract, no work"
An operator said the two parties
were so far apart that there was
nothing Government conciliators
could do to bring them together.
Two conciliation commissioners,
Thomas Lambert and John E. Ad-
dicks, have been present throughout
the negotiations, outside the door of
the Shoreham Hotel conference
room, but they have not interceded
thus far. Mr.. Colvin's talks with
the two leaders were the first signs
that Intervention might be near.
Mr.. Burke declared that Mr.. Lewis
demand for l0-cents-a-ton royalty
(See MINERS, Page Aid
Evening star., 1945-03-25
900 Shipyord Workers
Strike at Kaiser Plant
Ry the Associated Press.

6y tlIE HSSUCIHIcQ rIeeS.
RICHMOND, Calf, Mar. a.
Nine hundred members of an AFL
shipbuilding union quit work at
Henry ]. Kaiser,s Richmond Ship
yard No. 3 today, protesting what
the union described as q violation
of agreements by the management.
Stan Lore. business agent Of the
AFL Loftsmen, Sfipwrights, Joiners
and Boatbuilders Union, said "This
is not a strike. We are holding
protest meetings "a hours a day.
Officials Of the yard were not
available for comment.