davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-10-10
Marshall Reveals 80 Divisions
Were Ready to Invade Japan

Gen. George C. Marshall dis
closed today for the first time that
a combined force of 80 Army and
Marine combat divisions would have
participated in a two-fold invasion
of the Japanese homeland, start
ing this fall, had not Japan sur
rendered on August IA.
The first phase, scheduled about
November l and designated opera
ton Olympic" called for hurting IA
divisions at the southernmost island
of Kyushu. The "pay-off" assault
by Is divisions was to come four
months later and be aimed at seizure
of the Tokyo plain. This phase was
coded operation Coronet."
Air forces equivalent to so groups,
Gen. Marshall disclosed, would have
supported the cleanup campaign.
Defending the homeland, the re-
port revealed, the Japanese had an
Army of 100000 men, and were
outstanding remaining air strength
OF 5000 planes of all types.
Gen. Marshall did not give the
numerical strength of the proposed
American land forces, nor did he re-
veal details of the all-out naval as
sault that would have been launched
in support of the invasion. Esti-
mating each infantry division at 49,
600 men, with somewhat smaller
numbers for armored and airborne
divisions, the main landing force
would have involved more than 5oo.-
600 men.
Million Troops Involved.
Other units attached to the
armies, such as service and engineer
troops, about equal to the combat
divisions, would have given Gen.
Macarthur a combined Army and
Marine force of about 1000 900
troops. Plans detailed in the report
made no mention of British par
tlclpation in the land invasion and
1t was not believed such plans were
included.
The pattern of final victory in the
Pacific was fashioned after the de-
feat of Germany. The report pic
tured a Japan staggering under the
crushing weight of daily B-29
assaults from the Marianas bases,
Bombers and fighters based on
Okinawa and fighters from Two Jima
were uniting in the aerial assault
on the Japanese Islands, her posi-
tons on the Asiatic mainland and
what was left of her shipping.
The Sd Fleet, augmented by
British units, hammered Japan
with its planes and guns. Every
where Japanese resistance was al
most nil, Gen. Marshall reported
"She was outstanding her strength
for the expected invasion"
Double Invasion Mapped.
Meanwhile, the Chief of staff
reported, Gen. Macarthur was
massing troops and planes in the
Philippines and in Okinawa and
in bases to the south of the Philip
pines for the showdown. In CO.
operation with Admiral Nimitz, he
was preparing to execute two plans
for the invasion of Japan.
Operation Olympic" provided for
three-pronged assault on Southern
Evening star., 1945-10-10
D. {. Chinese CoIon)
10 Celebrate Victory
With Parade Today

Washington's Chinese colony to.
day was ready to celebrate liberia.
tion OF its homeland from JAP
anese domination in the most re.
splendent observance of Chinese In.
dependence Day ever scheduled here
Two intricate multicolored dra.
CONS, five handsome of then
Chinese-and a white horse led BY
a Chinese playing the role of a
detected Hirohito will stand out ir
the parade to start at / pm. in the
500 block of H street NV,
More than 1000 Chinese are ex-
pected TO join in the march, which
Will be reviewed by District ano
Government officials and Chinese
Ambassador Wei Taoming in front
OF the District Building. Later the
parade will pass the White House
on its return to Chinatown.
Republics Anniversary.
The celebration takes place or
what the Chinese call the Double
Ienth-l0tn day of the 10th month
the date IN 1911 when the Manchu
dynasty was overthrown by the fol-
lowers of DR.. Sun Yat-sen. father OF
the Chinese Republic.
The celebration is sponsored by
the Chinese National Salvation AS
sociation, GOT H street NV, a
Chinese relief society, in co-opera-
ton with Is local Chinese family
and business associations. Co.
chairmen of the Committee on
Arrangements are the Rev. C.. c.
Hung, pastor of the Chinese Com
munity Church, and Frank Fong.
Also participating in celebration
OF the day here and throughout the
country will be the United China
Relief. which has designated the
day as Chinese friendship day.
DR.. Koo to Speak.
DR.. K. 2. Koo, adviser to thu
Chinese delegation at the sar
Francisco Conference and secre-
tary of the Worlds Student
Christian Federation, will speak al
g pm. in the Interior Department
auditorium.
Chinatown will have a street
dance beginning at 8 pm. in the
800 block of H street NV.
Route of the parade follows
From 800 block of H street NV.
west on H street to Ninth street
south to Pennsylvania avenue, wes
to the District Building, where 9
pause will be made: thence tt
Fifteenth street. north to Penn.
sylvania avenue, west to jackson
place, north to H street and return
to Chinatown via H street.
Evening star., 1945-10-10
Truman Zen in Favor.
l0f Armed ForcesUsinq
More Civilian Experts
Nv the Associated Press.

BY Tue AseUCidteu EieSs'
Y TIPTONVILLE, Tenn, Oct. 10.
APresident Truman was under
st6od last night to have ap-
proved an overhauling of the
armed forces to put the greater
emphasis on technical skills of
reserve experts from civilian life.
The reshuffling of responsibilities
is already under way in the Navy
where 10 reservists recently were
elevated to the rank of rear admiral
and IS to that of commodore.
Meanwhile, Gen. Brehon Sonler-
veil, chief of the Army Service
Forces, is expected to leave his pest
soon to take an important job Il
private industry. Gen. George C.
Marshall is expected to retire before
Christmas.
Arnold, King May Retire.
Other expected changes include
Gen. Henry II. Arnold, who wants
to retire because of his health, and
Admiral Ernest j. King, who already
has indicated his desire for retire.
ment.
There was no comment from Pres
ident Truman's party at Reelfoot
Lake last night.
1t has been known for some time
that high-ranking advisers believe
Academy men have been used in
many instances where specialists
were preferable.
Already, it was learned, key posts
in the navy yards are being shifted
to reservists with what the Presi-
dent likes to call technical know
how. Other key bureaus of the Navy
are being reorganized with experts
| from civilian life who entered serv-
ice during the war.
10000 Reservists Promoted.
All in all, some 10000 Naval Re-
serve officers had been upgraded
one rank up to October l.
Gen. Somervell, who supervised
most of the gigantic Army construc-
tion program during the war, has
been offered financially attractive
job in industry. He has not yet
submitted his resignation to the
President but such move is known
to be imminent.
No Choice for War Post.
While the Senate War Investigat-
ing Committee was critical of the
Army's construction of the Canol
Oil development in Canada and
some other projects during Mr..
Truman's Craftsmanship of that
committee, the President is under
stood to feel that the Service Forces
chief did an excellent job from the
overall standpoint.
While he does not like to see him
leave, 1t is understood the President
will do nothing to prevent Gen.
SomerVell in stepping into the pri-
vate business job.
Meanwhile, the President has not
indicated his choice for the post of
Undersecretary of War, made va
cant by the promotion of Robert P.
Patterson to succeed Henry L.
Stimson.
Also pending on the Presidents
desk are the designations of Assist
ant War Secretaries John McCloy
and Robert Lovett, which the Presi-
/ dent has not accepted.
Evening star., 1945-10-10
Marshall s Warninq
Spurs Congress 10
Act on Atom Control
BY the Associated Press.


Congress struggled today TO de-
wise firm controls over atomic en-.
ergy at home and to keep thl
country in the forefront of inter.
national scientific discoveries.
A new note of urgency was in.
jected by warning from Gen
George c. Marshall in his biennia
report that the possibilities of the
future are terrifying"
Here. on both sides of the Capi.
tol, is how the two-fold problem i.
being tackled:
l. The House Military Affair.
Committee went into secret session
under a charge from Chairman MAY
to speed action on a program fol
control of atomic power.
Truman Request Before Group.
Specifically before the group is
President Truman's week-old re.
quest that Congress. set u pa nine.
member commission to handle all
domestic phases of sciences newest
and most sensational discovery.
2. Members of two Senate com.
mittees called on Budget Director
Harold D. Smith for an answer t
the question of who would have tor
word in running a projected ma.
tional science foundation. 81. a..
Indorsed by succession of emi
nent scientists, the proposal none.
theless has encountered a degree o,
apprehension among the expert,
over the possibility that the founda.
ton might become involved in poll.
tics.
Closed Sessions Expected.
Several days of closed session.
were expected to be required for tn,
house committee to sift the recon-.
mendations and highly-technica
explanations given yesterday by tn,
men who helped develop the atomi,
bomb.
All four witnesses heard durin,
the day of public hearings un.
stintingly recommended the legis
lation asked by Mr.. Truman. The,
S%SA Noh4y VI WdT FdUJGTSOO
Maj. Gen. Leslie r. Groves. whit
directed development of the bomb
DR.. Vannevar Bush, head of ths
Office of Scientific Research ane
Development. and DR.. James Co.
nant, president of Harvard Uni.
versity.
All stressed the need for speed.
Danger of Experiments Stressed.
DR.. Bush asserted that uncon.
trolled experimentation might have
disastrous results, such as poison
ing entire neighborhoods, destruc-
tion OF communities or the sterili-
zation Of any one passing by an
amateur laboratory.
The bill before the committee
proposes creation of a commission
with almost unprecedented power
of control over everything directly
connected with atomic energy.
Evening star., 1945-10-10
Swedish Air General
To Visit Arlington Tomb

= 1t. Gen. Bengt G.. Nordenskiold
commanding general of the Swedish
Air Force who is in this country
on visit, will place a wreath on
the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
in Arlington National Cemetery at
BIS pm. today.
Attending the ceremony will be
General of the Army Henry H. Ar
mold, chief of the Army Air Forces;
Lit. Gen. Ira G. Eaker, deputy COM
mander of the AAF and chief OF
air staff, and Brig. Gen. Edward
j. Timberlake. assistant chief of
staf, Al at Boiling Field.
Evening star., 1945-10-10

Kyushu in the fall of 1945 (Gen
Marshall previously had said Nov
ember l was the date by the 9Th
United States Army, consisting OF
the 1st and 18th Army Corps and
the 5th Marine Amphibious Corps
THE three groups were to land
in the order named at Miyasaki
Ariaka Wan, and on the beaches
west of Kogoshima to isolate the
southernmost Japanese island and
destroy the defending forces there
Preceding the main assault were to
be preliminary operations in Koshi-
XII Rette and diversionary feint
of shikoku by the 9th Corps.
! Divisions Selected.
An accompanying map Identified
the various divisions scheduled for
employment in operation Olym-
pic" The 1st Corps was to be COM
prised of the 25th, 33d and 41st
Army Divisions. The 1Ith Corps
would consist of the 43d Division,
1st Cavalry Division, and the Amer
ical Division. The Fifth Marine
Amphibious Corps was made up
of the veteran 1st, Sd and 5th Di-
visions.
In the preliminary operations the
10th Division was slated to occupy
Koshiki and the 9Th Corps was tc
comprise a floating reserve" of the
98th, ,Slst and 77th Divisions.
nese invasion, operation Coronet,
was to be carried out in the early
spring of 1896" the reported de-
tailed. THE 9th and 10th Armies
consisting of nine infantry divisions,
two armored divisions and three
Marine divisions were to assault the
Kanto or Tokyo plain of Eastern
Honshu.
First Army Picked.
These two veteran Pacific Armies
were to be followed ashore by the
1st Army, which had spearheaded
our victory in Europe and was now
to be redeployed for the final battle
of the Pacific. In this attack the
1st Army would have contained 10
infantry divisions and one airborne
division.
The three Armies had the mis-
sion of destroying the japanese
Army on the main home island and
to occupy the Tokyo yokohama
area. On Kyushu we would have held
a one corps reserve of three infantry
divisions and one airborne. From
here the plan was to fan out to the
north and clean up the remainder
OF the japanese islands. Supporting
the cleanup would ultimately have
been an air garrison equivalent to
so groups"
Gen. Marshall did not identify
the individual divisions for opera
ton Coronet." Nor did he attempt
to estimate the strength of the sup
porting naval forces, since his re-
port dealt only with the Army.
But by the spring of this year
Gen. Marshall added, I'VE knew that
success was at hand" The decision
at Potsdam to use the atomic bomb
in an effort ito shorten the war and
save thousands of American lives, y
ne said. sealed the doom of Japan
Evening star., 1945-10-10

Britain invaded, we can only guess"
he declared.
An evaluation of the where and
how" Germany and Japan failed,
presented by the War Department
general staff, stressed the ability of
the Allies to take quick advantage
OF Hitler's blundering and the ap-
parent utter lack of overall stra-
tegic planning between the Axis
partners.
Japan's major failure. it was
pointed out, was when she missed
the opportunity of landing troops on
Hawaii and denying us that neees-
sary focal point from which we
launched operations in the Western
Pacific that turned the tide of war.
Evening star., 1945-10-10
.4th Marine Division
.Ordered DemobiIized

b tto Associated Press
PEARL HARBOR, Oct. 1o.-Eleven
thousand veterans of the famous
4th Marine Division which fought
the japanese on Saipan, Tinian, Two
and in the Marshall Islands will be
demobilized and sent home to San
Diego, Calf, 1t. Gen. Roy S. Geiger,
commander of the Fleet Marine
Force, announced yesterday.
The first group of TOO men and
$50 officers already is en- route to
the United States. The men are be-
ing demobilized on the basis of
points,
Evening star., 1945-10-10

J0tC
Hollis Macgewin Scales, water
tender 1/c, U. S. NJ. whose mother
is Mrs. Willie Spake Scales, 1404
Park road NV, is reported as safe
today by the Navy Department after
being released from Jap prisoner
Eof war camp. He was the subject
of story in The, Star in Septem-
ber, when his mother was notified.
Inductions
Twenty-four Washington men have
been ordered to report for induction
into the armed forces today. Names
of the men follow:
Harry Search. Lawrence Ashley, Harry
sslosei. Theodore Bolden, Donald B B.ai,ler. Mei
James Chappen; James Currie, Alexander
puoatsky, Jack Fridlinger,, James Herdesty.
Miller, Raymond Peppler. Richard 'Jsals mseks.
EDWARD Brew. Fred Cromartie. Harry May
hood Elidio Nucci. Herman CHASER, Eddie
Gardner and Charles Weaver.
Returnees
Fifty-five District area veterans
of the European war arrived at
Camp Patrick Henry, Va, yester-
day aboard the transports Marine
Devil, Elgin Victory and Lejeune.
Another 13 men from this area
reached New York yesterday on the
transport e. B. Alexander.
Arrivals at Camp Patrick Henry:
Capt. George M. Helkamp, 1885 Kalo-
rama. road NV; Pfc. George T Trem-
6erlake. 1925 Quincy street NV; Pfc.
TIA William r. Thompson, 604 3 street
NE; T!5 Joseph R. cipolsri, 331 c
street Sc; Ti5 John A. Gaylord "a
Lansyher, jr. 1853 Thirty-1fth street NJ.
PIC; Ralph E. Willen, 1914 Upshur street
NV: Pvt. Arthur Miller, 307 Caral
street NV; SiSerst. william S. Gay
lord, 1908 Florida avenue NV; LIST Sergt
Harry c, Reynold, 937 street NV.
Pfc: Eugene w. Cook, IA Bates street N. w
No street addresses were given for
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1945-07-27
"cIaudiu" Cast Is
Named BY Little
Theatre Group

The cast for the first produc-
ton of the Paspoint Theater,
Pascagoula and Moss Point anna
teur dramatic organization, has
been Famed and was announced
alta meeting of the group Tues
day night. The play chosen for
production is Claudia an en-
gaging comedy of young mar
ried life.
The title role will be played
by Phielda Zuber of Moss Point.
Miss Zuber is a native of Kansas
and is residing at the home of
Nh. and Mrs, L. A. Watts while
she is employed at the ingalls,
Shipbuilding Corporation. She
attended the University of Colo
RADIO where she majored in dra-
MATES and where she had con-
siderable experience in school
productions. Alternates for the
role are Juliette Harper of Moss
Point and Mrs. Robertson of Pas
cagoula.
The male lead, the part of the
hereine's husband, David, will be
played by Jack Stutz with Bob
Davis as alternate.
! Fred Handy will produce the
play and H. H. Douthitt will di-
rect.
The remainder of the cast, with
understudies is as follows: Julia,
sister-in-law of Claudia, Mrs. T.
k. Swayze with Lottie Daniels
and Charlian Winans as second
and third choices; Jerry, neighbor
and author. James Sweeney, with
Charles Hightower as second
choice; Drauschka, Russian, Mrs.
Verna Jane, with Mary Purdy and
Julia Brumfield, as additional
choices; Mrs. Brown, Claudia's
mother, Erline Bell, and Mrs. p.
J.. Higginbotham and Frances
Scarborough alternates; Bertha,
the maid, Mrs. Louise Och, with
Mrs. H. H. Douthitt as second;
Fritz, Bertha's husband and
houseman, Stanley Bebler, with
Verne Barnes as second for the
part.
The melodrama, Girls of the
Golden West" was presented for
the membership of the group
Tuesday and marked the first
dramatic presentation. Plans of
the Little Theater call for in
formal productions for the mem
bership only and more elaborate
PLAYS are to be presented for
the public.
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1945-07-27
Miss Dorothy Emmit
Entertdins Al Bridge
For Visiting Motrons

The presence of three matrons
from other cities who are visi-
tors to Pascagoula was made the
occasion for a prettily appointed
bridge party at which Miss Dor
othy Emmit was hostess Wednes-
day morning at her home, 512
Roosevelt street. Her honorees
were Mrs. Richard Abbott of
Natchez, Mrs. Elchue Denton of
Tunica, and Mrs. E. A. Burdick
of Conway, Ark.
AT the conclusion of an inter-
esting series of games the high
score favor was awarded Mrs.
Phillip Ware. Mrs. R. ]. Demp-
ster received the travelling prize
and Mrs. Lester Seheffler that
for consolation.
Each of the honorees was pre-
scented with a souvenir of the
party.
A refreshment course was
served at the conclusion of the
games.
The guest list included Mes
DANES Abbott, Burdiek, Denton.
Ware, Dempster, scheffler, Wade
Hilliard, Robert Fox. Nj. L. Funk
houser, R. B. McIlwain. E. r.
OMalley and Miss Kathleen
Hays.
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1945-07-27
First Workshop
For Teachers TO
Begin On Monday

The first summer workshop for
teachers of the Pascagoula schools
system and adjoining area will
begin at the Pascagoula High
school building Monday at $3.50
am. and will continue for a five
week period. The workshop will
be under the joint sponsorship
of the Extension Teaching Ser
vice department of Mississippi
State College and the city
schools. Approximat ly $50
teachers, of which about 100 will
be connected with the Pascagou-
la schools, will participate in this
training program.
The demand for such a work.
shop was a direct outgrowth of
the in-service training program
which the Pascagoula schools
was the first city school system
in the state to conduct, according
to Thomas r. Wells. superintend-
ent of schools. This ~in-service
training caused considerable in
terest in educational circles
throughout the state and the
South. 1t affords the teachers an
opportunity to plan an approach
to local problems and to solve
them in the surroundings and
environment in which they work.
Similar and broader %opportuni-
ties will be offered through the
workshop, Mr.. Wells said.
Courses to be offered include
home room and guidance, arts
and crafts, playground direction
and a g G m G n elementary
schools, health education, Eng
lish, children's literature, teach
ing of reading, teaching of social
studies-history, government, eco
Monies and sociology, special
problems in elementary or high
school teaching and teaching of
arithmetic.
Members of the staff which
will conduct the school are: Mr..
Wells, superintendent; DIR. R. G.
Bigelow, director, secondary ed
ueation; DR.. j. Lawrence Eason,
assistant director, English; Dean
B. P. Brooks, consultant in edu-
cation; Miss Ethel Holmes, super
visor of instruction at Escambia
County, Ala, specialist in ele-
mentary education; Professor D.
Fl. Cummins, history and social
studies; Professor Hubert F. Kir-
by, arts and crafts; DR.. D. L. Ak
en-, home room-guidance; Miss
Mary Alexander, supervisor of
physical education in the Jack
son public schools, health and
physical education; Miss Helen
Bowen, health educator for Jones
County Health Department, con-
sultant in health education. I'm
less otherwise specified, the in
s~tructors come from the extern
sion service department of Mis-
sissippi State College.
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1945-07-27
First eSrvice To
Be Held Sunday In
Big Point Church

Sunday, July 30, will be a
gala day in the membership of
the Big Point Methodist church
when the first regular preaching
service will be held in the recent
ly completed new church build
ing.
Erection of the edifice was be-
gun in January of this year and
the completed building is a de-
cided addition to the town of
Big Point. According to the pas
tor, the Rev. S. B. Watkins, APP
proximately $4,000 was spent in
its construction.
The first service will be held
at II o'clock in the morning with
the Rev. Watkins delivering a
sermon on 1.-THE Church" The
evening service will begin a Sc
ries of young peoples revival
meetings which will last through
Friday, Aug. 3.
On Monday evening the Rev.
7. Barton West of the Moss Point
Presbyterian church will conduct
the service. On Tuesday the reg
ular service will be preceded by
a vesper service under the lead
ership of Miss Inez Strider of the
Eastlawn Methodist congregation.
On Thursday the Rev. Roy Clark
of the Eastlawn Methodist church
will fill the pulpit. Guest speak
r for Wednesday and Friday
will be announced later.
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1945-07-27
Five Graduates
Finish At Close Of
Summer Session

Five students at the Pascagou-
"a High school received their dI-
plomas at the conclusion of the
summer school session. The grad
uation exercises were held Tues
day at 10 am. at the school au-
ditorium and diplomas were pre-
sented by ". c. Gill. principal OF
the school. in the presence Of
parents and friends of the grad
yates. Those finishing at this
time were Gerald Clinton Smith,
Joe Henry Bryant, Ruth Marie
Thigpen, Ernest John Falgo, Jr.,
and Mary Elaine Fitzpatrick.
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1945-07-27
Misses Ruth And
Ruby Powell Hove
Birthday PortY

The twin daughters of Mr.. and
Mrs. D. c. Powell, 314 Midway
B avenue in Pascagoula, cele-
brated their 18th birthday with
a party at their home last Sat-
urday evening.
Games we're enjoyed during
the evening and when they were
finished the girls opened the
many pretty and useful gifts
that had been showered upon
them by the large number of
relatives and friends present to
extend best wishes.
Punch and cake were served.
Among the out-of-toWn guests
were Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Cook
of Mobile, and Sgt. Morris Wa
tiers who is home on furlough.
Buddy Hall of Biloxi was also
a guest.
The Chronicle-star combined with the Moss Point advertiser., 1945-07-27

Be sure to cook milk and eggs
at low temperatures to prevent
them from becoming tough and
Stringy.
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-29

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