davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-08-26

possible to acquire such thing even
in China, according to the Metro
politan Museum of Art.
K0Ssn Pictures
Another class of Chinese textiles
comprises "k'ossu" pictures intended
for wall decoration. They are woven
of colored silks and gold thread and
some of them have painted details.
A particularly fine one in this col
lection represents the Taoist par
adise.
-Four Chinese scroll paintings ex-
ecuted on silk and mounted each on
roll of paper IS feet long or there
abouts, are not only beautiful In
design and color, but have subjects
Of much human appeal. The Oldest
is hunting scene, dated 1755. The
next, also 18th century, depicts the
return home of an official and his
family, with horses, camels, attend
ants and packs, receiving rousing
welcome at the gates by throng
Of people with banners. The re-
naming two are late 10Th century
One depicts the Eight Immortals,
with their symbols and attendants
The other is popularity know as "62
Beautiful Women" and is intended
to illustrate various aspects of the
life of women in a well-to-do family
These are but few high lights in
collection which includes num-
Der of other gifts from the late
President and Nine Yuan, of lac
quered vases, rolls of gold and silver
brocade and a cinnabar box. Mr.
and Mrs. Willoughby also have some
very old bronzes. colorful snuff boxes
ceramics of various periods and fans.
Washington owners OF Chinese art
have the great advantage Of being
able to study and check their pieces
against the Freer Gallery's magnifi-
onl1oo&{one
Evening star., 1945-08-26
WWoughby Collection of Chinese Art
Contains Many Outstanding Treasures

lof these works, bright dark spinach
green, is one of the most difficult
to find, hence spinach jade with
gold fecks is regarded in China as
one of the two rarest and most
precious, according to Manchu au-
thor of the 18th century. (The
other is jade with vermillion spots)
Mrs. Willoughby has other cary
ings, among them an ornament Of
pure white Opaque mutton fat jade
decorated with four grotesque ami
mails, having cats heads and inter-
twined serpent bodies. In her col
orful collection of snuff bottles Of
different materials is one of trans
lucent white jade with a decoration
exquisitely painted inside the bot
tie. Just how the Chinese artists
accomplished these seemingly magic
feats confounds the layman.
Soabstone Carvings
Despite their passion for jade, the
Chinese appreciate many other
stones and give them much the same
treatment. Artists take cunning ad-
vantage of variegated layers of stone,
to produce objects with two or more
colors. Mrs. Willoughby has a good
Illustration of this in a soapstone
Kwan-Yin about 4 inches high,
which is graygreen to the knees
and red to the bottom of her robe
Although collections of single types
of objects are more valuable in illus
trating their development and rami-
fcations, most of us find more in
terest, variety and knowledge OBJ
tainable by dipping briefly into many
categories. Mr.. and Mrs. Willoughby
collected in this way, for their own
personal enjoyment. Consequently,
their Chinese art objects would be
Icatalogued under many headings.
Dating from the Ming dynasty
(mid-14th to mid-17th centuries)
are several glazed pottery roof tiles
which are intriguing works in sculp-
ture They include a pair of uni
corns, a warrior on horseback and
fabulous animal called a kiln
from Shensi Province, which may
have been an architectural orna-
ment. Two colored pottery figures
were gate guardians in their original
usage. Surely Chinese buildings
must have been much more interest,"
ing in their details than ours are.
A Ming dynasty "putza" (square
OF embroidery is one OF Mrs. VIII
loughby's favorite items. It was an
insigne of rank which decorated
Manchu robes. It depicts an east
ern egret with clouds, waves and
mountains done in satin stitch on a
background of couched gold thread.
It's colors are as bright and fresh as
though done yesterday instead of
four or more centuries ago, and the
mountain peak is embroidered in
peacock feathers.
i She has large collection of en-
broideries in excellent condition and
vivid colors, not few of them done
in the Peking or seed stitch, best
known here as the French knot, but
in China as "the forbidden stitch .
due to the fact that the Chinese
government passed a law some years
ago making 1t Illegal because SO
many Chinese women were going
blind from executing 1t. The Ming
square, however, Is an outstanding
treasure: by 1880, 1t was no longer
Evening star., 1945-08-26

pan. The jars made an exact bal
ance. There was not the slightest
difference in their weight.
Professor Used Pump.
Then the professor pumped all
the air out of one jar and left only
a vacuum. The side of the scales
with the jar which had lost its air
went up and the other side went
down. This proved that the air
has at least little weight.
A cubic foot of air at the surface
OF the earth weighs about IA
ounces.
When we look up at the stars we
might suppose there was air all the
way between them and ourselves but
we have good reason to believe that
such is not the case.
Scientists say there is no air at
all a few hundred miles above the
earth's surface and we may ask,
How do they know?"
Air Grows Thin.
One proof Is that the air becomes
thinner and thinner the higher
we 60. II you ever have gone to
the top Of a mountain you know
that the air Is harder to breathe
than it is at sea level That is be-
cause it is thinner.
When men rise several miles above
the earths surface in airplanes
they take along oxygen in order
to breathe. 1t has been learned
that the air is much thinner 5 miles
up than it is on top of mountain
2 miles high.
Another proof is found in "shoot-
ing stars" or meteors. These objects
are cold until they rub against air.
Scientists estimate that they begin
to burn about 200 miles above the
earth's surface. This is taken as
proof that there is o little air-but
very. very little, ct . height OF 200
miles.
Evening star., 1945-08-26
FuceLiftinq
recent weeks from abroad to a d.
vision Of the department here.
Continued from Page C-1.)

recent weeks from abroad to a d.
vision of the department here.
To his great surprise he was
called in by members of the Budget
Committee, which has his file for
examination. He was told that they
understood he was attached to a
division which was suffering from
an anti" phobia. To the young
budget gentlemen his record ap-
peared to be good. He did not seem
to be imbued with any ancient ide-
ologies and was told that he could
go far in the new setup being
planned for the department If he
could see the worlds new liberal
trend clearly.
The introduction of new blood
in the new divisions is intended to
do away with old-fashioned ma
tionalistic thinking. The plan being
prepared for Mr.. Byrnes is said to
provide for the elimination of a
large number of officials who have
served the State Department for a
number Of years and their replace
ment with new men. These young
men, while innocent as far as for
eign affairs are concarned, are en-
thusiastic followers of the new So
called liberal" trends which pre-
wall to a great extent in many off,
cial circles and particularly in the
agencies created since 1912. Most
Of these agencies are slated to dis
appear, and their officials will have
to return to private life, where they
will not be able to influence the
policies of the United States as
they have endeavored to do in the
past.
Whether the new, smooth, though
hard-boiled Secretary of State will
fall for this plan remains to be
seen. As Senator Mr.. Byrnes estab-
lished reputation of being a good
compromiser for the achievement
Of his aims. He is likely to take
some Of the more concrete and con-
structive suggestions contained in
the budget report and discard the
others.
Evening star., 1945-08-26

some of the city's leading bankers
and flnanciers-the men who will
be called upon to finance expansion
in industry here. The large ma
jority of them are bullish on the
Districts future. One or two dis
agree.
Y. E. Booker of Alexander Brown
& Sons, who has participated largely
in financing of Washington util-
tiles, sees it this way: Washington
has less to fear than any other city
In the country. 1t still will be the
political center of the Nation and
is increasingly a financial center
Washington will continue to grow. ]
am very bullish on the outlook for
the city"
Wilmer ]. Waller, president of
the Hamilton National Bank, said
Il am just as optimistic as I can
be about conditions in Washington
in the years to come. 1t is a world
capital"
Most other bankers have similar
opinions. A few disagree, contend
ing that the coming months will
present serious problems.
This latter view is based on a be-
lief that many workers who will
lose their wartime jobs may require
months before they can find new
positions.
There is no reason to believe that
these problems cannot be solved
Certainly the survey undertaken
by the Board of Trade was start
in the right direction. More hard
work lies ahead, but already bust
ness and civic leaders in. the COM
munity have rolled up their sleeves
and started to meet the situation
Evening star., 1945-08-26
Business
CONTINUED from Page C-1)

that most of those signifying their
intention to make the purchases
were those who are employed In
private industry or are permanent
Government employees.
Still another encouraging factor
in the District economic picture is
the reported intention of Wash
ington businessmen to spend more
than s30O.O 100000 during the next
two years in expanding and i'm
proving their own facilities. This
is an impressive indication of their
confidence in the Districts future.
Women's Prospects Less Bright.
A less bright side of the picture
which faces private enterprise here
is the possibility tnat there will be
major dislocations within the labor
force and serious difficulty In fitting
the qualifications and particular
skills Of workers into jobs. One fac
tor to consider Is that while en-
ployers say that their major ex-
pansion in postwar jobs will be
among male workers, the survey of
residents indicates that as many
working women as men expect to be
looking for work in the next few
months. The problem is emphasized
by figures showing that employers
expect an average increase in full
time jobs for men Of 46 per cent as
compared with per cent decrease
in full-time jobs for women. OF
course, it is quite likely that any
net decrease in employment of
women in business would be Offset
by an increase in the number of
women employed in domestic serv-
ice. 1t is reasonable to expect that
some women who were employed in
war industries will now seek jobs as
domestics.
Another problem facing District
industry is a possible shortage of
labor for certain types of skilled
jobs. For example, although con-
struction industries will need more
than a third (36 per cent? of all the
additional workers, the community
survey showed that only a fourth
(26 per cent? of all employed per-
sons who expect to seek different
jobs after the war are skilled or
semiskilled craftsmen or laborers.
In attempting to visualize the Dis
trict's future, 1t is well to remem-
Der the prediction of the Board OF
Trades Postwar Planning Commit
tee that although Washington's pop
ulation will decline somewhat in the
next two years the decline will more
than be made up at the end of five
years. It is forecast that by the end
Of next year there will be drop IL
population Of $4,000 from the 1885,
600 persons living here January /
1941. BY 1850, however, the COM
mittee predicts that the population
will reach 1886, 900.
Bankers Are Optimistic.
The predicted increase In popu-
lation is based primarily on the
position Of Washington as q world
capital and resulting Government
expansion.
In trying to appraise what's In
store for Washingtonians, 1t might
be well to listen to the views OF
Evening star., 1945-08-26
The Art Word
Notable Etchings on View at National
Museum, Division of Graphic Arts
BY Florence Bergman.

Boorish and unprepossessing, Mer-
yon also had an unbalanced mind
and spent intervals in an asylum,
where he died in 1868. This mental
cloud was probably responsible for
strange figures in some of his plates
and for quality some people find
ominous or sinister.
Felix Buhot, generation younger
than Meryon, was master tech
nician who made etchings of Paris
street scenes (among other subjects)
transcribing such homely objects as
kiosks and cab stands. La Place
Pigalle" lin etching, aquatint and
drypoint) in the current exhibition
is characteristic. 1t also bears the
small red owl stamp the artist placed
on his own prints which met with
his approval
All of this print is occupied by
incisive and picturesque detail, some
parts of which do not seem to have
any relation to the rest. These un-
related passages which cover the
margins of some of his plates made
remarque proofs which were pop
ular with collectors.
The other prints among these
recent accessions are by contem-
porary American artists, each of
whom had a solo exhibition in the
Division of Graphic Arts during
1944-5. Mortimer Borne's dry
points in color were shown last
December and the one now in the
Davidson collection, THE Road" !"
was reproduced in The Star last De-
cember 10, with the review of the
exhibition.
Kathleen Macy Finn's large study
of a bird, yellow Head" in soft
ground and aquatint in color, was
in her exhibition last spring, and
Gene Kloss' drypoint and aquatint
was among her prints shown last
February and March. These shows
were reviewed in detail while they
uroro I'M
Evening star., 1945-08-26
PRIZE CONTRIBUTION
Bv James A. Lemon, IS,

Finding myself with an invita-
ton to go to Hyde Field, which is
near Clinton, Md, awoke at 6 am.
Noises always seem much louder
when you are trying not to awaken
other members of the household, and
after many incidents OF humping
into things, trying to quiet creaking
doors and being as quiet as could
with running water, I started, shoes
in hand, down the stairs to get
breakfast. Finally, 1t. Harrison, an
instructor at Hyde Field, came with
his car and we were on our way.
We passed through some very
beautiful country on our trip to the
field, which we reached about 7:35
1t. Harrison showed me around the
field, but soon had to leave me be-
cause he had student at 8.
Beautiful Instructor.
He had one of the other in
structors, beautiful woman about
"a whom they called "Cy," finish the
tour around the field. I sat outside
the Office and watched the Zine
boys" ready the plane which 1t
Harrison and his student were to
use. The gas truck rumbled up and
the boys "gassed up the plane. The
student was to make a cross -coun-
try" flight, from Hyde Field tc
Richmond to Fredericksburg. then
back to Hyde Field. 1t. Harrison
left about S minutes of and got
back at quarter of /.
Then he took me up.
Taking me over to a Piper Cub
he directed me into the back seat
and helped me fasten the safety
belt. He climbed in and we were
off. I crossed my fingers because
this was my first time up. We spec
along the runway and I watched the
ground fall away" but could fee
nothing 1t was that easy:
Toy World.
The houses looked small-like
doll houses-in fact, it was like
standing on a giants shoulder, look.
ing down on a toy world. We were
up for while and he pointed out
tllC dlA1Cl CliG SASl1IS 4hC oOullle
Field, the Washington Monument
Alexandria, a new road that is being
completed to Boiling Field and st
Elizabeth's Hospital. I live near st
Elizabeth's, so, naturally, I looked
for my house, but I couldn't find it
After seeing the sights we came back
to Hyde Field and landed.
1t. Harrison is member of tn,
Civil Air Patrol, which takes boy
and girls from is to l8 years of ag,
and teaches them the fundamental
of flying. The Anacostia Flight wa
at the field and were drilled for /.
while, after which they received /,
lecture in one of the hangers which
had been prepared with seats TO
every one. Il might suggest whil
on the subject of the CAP that an,
one interested in joining shoult
Evening star., 1945-08-26
Voices
PRIZE CONTRIBUTION

PkIZE CONTRIBUTION
BY Nancy Weaper, II,
Jefferson High School, Falls Church, Va
Music seems to have a voice,
Talking through the notes we hea,
Calm, consoling, understanding,
Music with its charms Is dear.
Music seems to have a voice,
Singing gayly on a flute,
Whispers on violin.
1t can talk; it is not mute.
Water seems to have a voice,
Chasing bubbles down the hill,
Sliding DER the mossy rocks
With merry, gladstone trill.
Tumbling down the waterfall,
Through the verdant countrySiG
Racing down with merry laugh
To the river deep and wide.
Treetops seem to have a voice,
Shrug their boughs and heave
sigh,
Shaking all their leaves as comes
Rainstorm as they pass them by
Nervous leaves are softly soothed
Gently by the balmy breezes;
Music made by tall treetops is
Echoed by the shady leaves.
Water, music, leaves and all
Talk with voices soft but clear.
Listen to them when they sing,
Voices you can surely hear.
Evening star., 1945-08-26

ings and drawings in old frames left
by the former occupants.
Now and then, when my friends
visit me, I have them pose for their
portraits.
I like to work in water color, oil,
charcoal and pastel, and in my
spare time I sketch.
When I lived in Columbus, Ohio,
I sent many of my drawings to the
Children's Activities magazine there
and had some of them published.
When I finish college I hope to
become a designer or commercial
artist
Evening star., 1945-08-26

The Division of Graphic Arts,
United States National Museum,
placed on view early this month a
few Of its many accessions of the
past season. Occupying a case ad-
Joining the August exhibition. these
prints will remain indefinitely.
Outstanding are two by French
etchers of the 10th century-Mer-
yon and Felix Buhot. These were
gifts from DR.. Edward Kirke. Mer-
yon's etching, La Pompe Notre
Dame" was originally No. of his
set of % etchings of Paris (now ex-
tremely rare as a set) and is No. Il
In Delteils catalogue.
Charles Meryon is considered by
come authorities as the greatest of
French etchers; by them he is
rlassed with Rembrandt, Durer and
Whistler as among the great print
makers of all times. His fame rests
primarily upon his sympathetic
etchings of the ancient buildings Of
Paris. many of which were destroyed
during his short lifetime to make
room for progress"
His life, however, was pathetic.
Born in 1921, the son of an English
doctor and a French dancing girl,
he spent his youth in unfortunate
surroundings, although not entirely
m poverty. He had an opportunity to
enter the navy, and at 16 went to a
technical school to train for it. He
did not care for the life and returned
to Paris to become an artist. From
that time on, any personal satlsfac-
ton he had must have come from
some inner conviction that he was
creating for the ages. Always hard
pressed, he would sell such of his
prints as "L'Abside," now consid-
cred his masterpiece, for the equiv
alent of 80 cents. This same print
has fetched ST 300 in our time) His
careful craftsmanship, his strong
contrasts of light and shade are
seen in the etching on exhibition.
Evening star., 1945-08-26
Anacostia Pupil Boosts CAP
After Day at Nearby Airfield

come to the meetings Friday nights
at 8, at Anacostia High SCHOOL,
We had some lunch and 1t. Har-
rison showed me plane which he
and two other instructors own and
are making over" 1t is a nice
looking plane, especially the up
holstery, which is bright plaid.
Another Flight.
We sat around after that, just
drinking in the sunshine" and
taking it easy. Then, getting rest
less, we looked at some planes that
were sitting around the field. There
was one, big red plane, I don't
know what type, but the fellows
that own it had just recovered it
and were fixing it up. 1t. Harrison
asked if he could test it and the
owners said yes.
This plane was different from the
Piper Cub in that the seats were
side by side instead of one in back
of the other We climbed in and
I went up for the second time.
We went up to 1000 feet-that's
just 752 feet higher than the Empire
State Building. You could really
see things from up there. We
cruised along for a while but had
to go down because 1t. Harrison
had student to teach in a short
time.
And Still Another.
A girl who is a member Of the
CAP took me up as she practiced
landings-it was fun when she cut
the motors and we'd glide down
and the motors would start and q
safe landing was made.
1t. Harrison's last student for the
day had an accident. The tire on
the back landing skid peeled off"
and the plane smacked into the flag
pole, damaging the wing. They
climbed out of the damaged plane
and got into another one. When
this plane got back to the field and
made the routine check-in we left to
have dinner.
1t was very interesting day and
I learned that people should not
be afraid of flying. When you have
competent pilot and just relax
there's nothing to it. Besides hav-
ing the thrill of flying for the first
time 1 saw a little better how the
Civil Air Patrol works-and would
recommend that every boy and girl
who is interested in flying come
to the next meeting and see what
it's like.
Evening star., 1945-08-26
PRIZE CONTRIBUTION
By Helen Emery, II,
Leland Junior High School.

Leland Junior High School
I have always wanted to be an
artist, but because I lived in a four
room house I had little room to
work.
Finally, moved to larger house
with a finished attic and a stairway
that pulled down on hinges from
the ceiling. Pulling the stairway
up behind me, I am able to work
without being disturbed.
I have framed many of nv paint
Evening star., 1945-08-26
Uncle Rays Corner

In these days of war shortages
empty tin cans of the right kind
may not be obtainable for a test of
air pressure. but I shall tell you of
a typical test which was made in
years when tin was plentiful.
A little water was placed In can
which had single small opening on
it's upper surface. The water was
heated to the boiling point, the
steam being allowed to escape. Then
the can was taken off the stove and
the cap screwed on quickly. Be-
fore long the sides of the can
crumpled in.
That was an example of what air
pressure can do. At sea level air
has a pressure of 14.7 pounds per
square inch. If this pressure is
equal both inside and outside q can
there will be no action against the
sides.
Can Lost Some Air.
In the case I have given the. air
became heated and much of it rose
and left the can with the steam.
When the cap was screwed on there
was less air inside than before. The
air inside cooled and the pressure
became smaller than from the out
side. The result was that the can
"caved in"
The weight Of the air above the
earth produces the air pressure at
sea level. Some persons might sup
pose than the air has no weight
We know that there is air all around
us as we walk or ride, but 1t does
not seem to have any weight. Yet
many things are different than they
seem.
Years ago watched q professor
at Yale made q test which proved
that the air weighs something. He
used . very delicate pair Of scales
and . closed glass rested In each