davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-08-24
Five-Point Program
For Expansion Of Job,
Presented by Rum|
Clark Also Tells Hearing
Full Employment Is
Industry's Responsibility
BY ]. A. O'LEARY.

Beardsley Ruml, the man who
sponsored pay-as-you-go taxes,
today gave the Senate Banking
Committee a flve-point program
to stimulate jobs in private in
dustry and thereby hold down
the amount of work the Federal
Government would have to Gre
ate under the full employment
bill.
Mr.. Ruml said that if the basic
act, making it an obligation of Gov
ernment to assure jobs for all, is to
be passed without amendment. Con-
gress also should move promptly to
take these other steps:
First of all should come a reform
of social security financing that will
take the deflation out of social Sc
curity.
Second. we should have a regular
Federal policy and program in public
works and conservation that will
tend to stabilize the construction in
dustry at an appropriate level
Third, we should work out our
Federal tax program so that rates
will be set to balance the budget at
high employment.
Fourth, Federal lending activities
at home and abroad should be asso-
ciated harmoniously in Federal fiscal
policy.
Fifth. policy and program
should be adopted directed toward
maintaining a prosperous agricul-
ture.'
Clark Hit MonOpolies.
The committee also was told by
Attorney General Clark that mo-
nopolistic practices which stifle
competition have a pronounced ef-
feet on employment" and he prom
ised enforcement of laws to protect
and encourage free competition.
by removing illegal restriction on
free market, both large and small
business, veterans, farmers and
Continued on Page AS, Column q
Evening star., 1945-08-24
Chinese Reds Accept Chang Bid
To Seek Way to Avert Civil War;
ENDING Of Lease-Lend Stirs British
utmost Restraint
Asked byAttIee in
Criticism of u. S.

Ey the Associated Press.
LONDON, Aug. 24.-Prime
Minister Attlee told Commons
today the sudden end of lease
lend put Britain "in a very seri-
Gus financial position" and for
mer Prime Minister Churchill
said he could not believe that
this was the last word of the
United States"
Mr.. Attlee said the British gov
ernment had hoped that lease-lend
would not have ended without prior
consultation.
In response, Mr.. Churchill, now
leader of the opposition, declared
he could not believe the United
States would proceed in such a
rough and harsh manner as to
hamper faithful ally who held
the fort while their own American
ornaments were prepared"
Mr.. Attlee cautioned members of
the House to exercise utmost re-
straint" within and without the
chamber in commenting on the
situation, and Mr.. Churchill agreed
that debate now might be detri-
mental to national interests. Mr.
Churchill called the Attlee state
ment very grave and disquieting. u
Halifax Asked to Return Here.
The Prime Minister disclosed that
Lord Halifax, British Ambassador
to the United States during the
wartime coalition government, had
Evening star., 1945-08-24
Crowley Says British
Must Have Known
Aid Would End
BY the Associated Press.

bs lut ASSOCldteQ PreSS.
Foreign Economic Admins
traitor Leo T. Crowley said to-
day responsible English off,
cials must have recognized
that lease-lend would have to
be discontinued after the Jap
anese war and could not be
used as a part of her postwar
rehabilitation and reconver-
sion program
He added in an interview
that statements to that effect
had been made repeatedly by
the late President Roosevelt,
President Truman and him.
self.
Mr.. Crowley declared that If
that promise to Congress and
the American people had been
broken, it may have leopard
lied the whole future authority
we would need to have in deal
ing with economic aid for these
countries"
THE question was not a sud-
den end to lease-lend," he said,
but Of a sudden ending to the
Japanese war"
The White House had moth
ing to add to President Tru-
mans statement yesterday that
termination of lease lend was
in line with administration
pledges and congressional in
tentions.
Evening star., 1945-08-24
Sentries Kill Borchard
OF Berlin Philharmonic
By the Associated Press.

BERLIN, Aug. 24.-Leo Borchard,
conductor Of the Berlin Philhar-
monic Orchestra, was shot to death
shortly before midnight when his
automobile failed to heed an Amer
lean outpost's command to halt.
Soldiers on duty shouted and
waved flashlights, but the 55-year-
old conductors car sped on. One
bullet struck Borchard in the head
Another man and a woman in the
car were not injured.
An official announcement said the
troops who opened fire were Sergt
Darrell r. Edell, Littlefeld, Tex,
Pfc. John D. Jones, Dodson, La, and
Pvt. Julian l.. Dolce of Eggertsville
N. Y. All are members of the 504th
Parachute Infantry of the 82d Air
borne Division.
The Berlin Philharmonic Orches-
ira, under the direction of Borchard
has been giving concerts for Allied
troops in Berlin. Borchard's sister
Mrs. Margarita de Kudriafzev. who
was the wife of Russian for many
years, served as telephone opera
Y at the American Embassy here
01re the war.
Evening star., 1945-08-24
Bomber in Eniwetok Tukeoff
Killed 10, Destroyed IS Planes

&c. Anderson, whose widow Florence
lives in Houston, Tex.
He and all but one Of the H.
man crew were killed in the crack
up or died later.
Capt. Edgar A. Cruise, Hebron,
Nebr, base commander, expressed
the opinion that the error on the
part of the pilot was aggravated by
the crowded condition of the field
which required that carrier-type
aircraft arriving that day be parked
at the edge of the upwind end of
the mat, leaving insufficient room
for any deviation on takeoff from
the exact center line of the runway
No other space was available"
Planes destroyed included 40
Avenger torpedo bombers, 16 He'll
cat fighters, Is Helldiver scout
bombers, II Wildcat fighters and the
Liberator.
The surviving crew member was
Alvin r. Burkhartzmeyer, aviation
|radioman third class, Faribault,
MINI.
Evening star., 1945-08-24
| AHIines' Plan
| Would CurtuiI
Plane Priorities
BY the Associated Press

By the Associated Press
Airline officials are discussing with
the Army proposal almost" to
eliminate the system of air travel
priorities.
If the Army accepts the proposal.
the average citizen will have a
fighting chance to ride commercial
planes, A decision is expected soon.
The proposal was made by the
Air Transport Association, repre-
senting 20 airlines. A spokesman
for that organization said that
under the plan:
Priorities would be granted only
to military men and public officials
making trips of extreme necessity.
Very few priorities would be given.
Thus more people without priorities
would ride.
Fewer passengers would be
bumped" of planes.
The spokesman emphasized that
the air lines are not seeking the
end of the entire priority system
now. He said priorities ought to
continue for military and govern
mental necessity"
Evening star., 1945-08-24
Government Girls
Fear Pinch With
End of Overtime
BY JULIA EDWARDS.

Government girls facing a 13
per cent salary reduction when
the 40-hour week goes into effect
in Federal Offices expect to have
tough shedding supporting them
selves in Washington without
overtime pay.
Employment counselors in war
agencies report that the girls are
concerned at the prospects of cut
in take-home pay. Unions of Federal
employees are preparing to ask Con-
gress to increase the base pay of
Government workers as soon as it
reconvenes.
Most of the Government girls in
lower pay brackets were saved from
a decrease in pay when the 44-hour
week went into effect by the cost OF
living increase granted July l.. The
unions point out that the new GU,
(See GOVERNMENT GIRLS, A-30
Evening star., 1945-08-24
Atom Toll Increasing
Due 10 Radioactivity,
Tokyo Radio Claims
Blood Disorders Among
Rescue Workers at
Hiroshima Reported
BY the Associated Press.

The Tokyo radio said today
that radioactivity in Hiroshima
was taking a mounting death toll
many days after the atomic
bomb attack, and that in the
IA days following the raid the
number OF dead had risen from
10000 to 10000. The bombing
occurred on August 6.
The broadcast, recorded by the
Associated Press, said servicemen
working in the area on reconstruc-
ton a week after the attack were
found to have severely diminished
numbers of red and white cor
puscles.
Investigations in the city showed
"radioactivity caused by the flssion
of uranium used in the atomic
bombs is taking toll of mounting
deaths. and moreover is causing
persons engaged in reconstruction
work in Hiroshima to suffer from
various sicknesses and i'll health"
Tokyo broadcasts have been re-
ferring repeatedly to the atomic
bomb raids on Hiroshima and Ma
gasaki, possibly in a bid for world
sympathy.
The broadcast said.
Although the war has ended the
spectre of death hangs over the
remaining citizens of Hiroshima.
In an investigation made three days
after the atomic bomb hit Hiro-
shima it was reported there were
10000 dead and 100000 injured out
of a total population of 250,0O0
Two weeks afterward the death toll
had mounted to $4,000 and is con-
tinuing to rise.
THE majority of the injured per-
sons received burns from powerful
ultra violet rays from the atmoic
bombs, and those within a 2-kilom-
eter az -mile) radius from the CEN
ter of the bomb explosion received
burns two or three times.
Those within three to four kilo-
meters (about 2 niles radius of
the bomb received burns to the eX~
tent that their skin turned bright
red, but as these burns were caused
by ultraviolet rays they hardly felt
(See HIROSHIMA, Page A-5D
Evening star., 1945-08-24

been invited to return to Washing
ton to negotiate the financial ar
rangement which will succeed lease
lend.
Mr.. Attlee said President Tru-
mans directive Cancelled all out
standing lease-lend contracts and
provided that stocks and deliveries
procured under it must now be paid
either in cash or negotiated credit
arrangements.
I'VE had not anticipated that
operations under the Lease-Lend Act
would continue for any length of
time after the defeat of Japan" he
said, but we had hoped the sudden
cessation of this great mutual effort
would not have been effected with
out consultation and prior discus
sions."
The Prime Minister said Britain's s
overseas outgoings" on the eve of
japanese defeat we're equivalent to
an annual expenditure of about
So, ,000, 100000. including essential
food and other nominations sup
plies which we must now pay for. "
Il cannot believe that this is the
last word of the United States" Mr
Churchill said. II cannot believe
that so great a nation, whose lease
lend policy was characterized by me
as the most unsordid act in the his
tory of the world, would proceed in
such rough and harsh manner
as to hamper a faithful ally who
held the fort while their own Ameri-
can armsments were prepared"
Indication of Limited Range.
Mr. Attlee said there was an in.
dication of possible limited range
of leaSe-lend for military purposes
The system of lease lend from the
United States and mutual aid from
Canada has been an integral part
Of the war organization of the Allies
I'm this way" he said, 'it has
been made possible for us in this
island to mobilize our domestic man.
power for war with an intensity un-
surpassed elsewhere, and at the
same time to. undertake expenditure
abroad for the support of military
operations over a widely extended
area, without having to provide ex-
ports to pay for our imports of food
(See ATTT ,EE Paoe Az
Evening star., 1945-08-24
nN the Assnc:ated Press

Py the Associated Press.
The Navy disclosed today that 10
men were killed, IS planes destroyed
and SIS others damaged when a four
engine Navy bomber veered OF a
runway on Eniwetok atoll in the
Marshalls August 8, 1914.
A Consolidated Liberator was tax
ing off on a bombing and recon-
naissance mission. Suddenly it
turned left and plowed into planes
assembled in a replacement pool
for carriers.
Seven of the Liberator's nine 500
pound bombs began burning or ex-
ploded as flames spread rapidly from
the planes $500 gallons of gaso-
line.
The Navy said an investigating
board found that the pilot failed
to realize that the plane was air.
borne and failed to keep the planes
track along the center OF the run
way" The pilot was 1t. Romano
Evening star., 1945-08-24
Federal 4O-Hour Week to Bring
Three-Doy Holiday for Many
Presidents Order
To Be Effective
In Short Time

Many Government workers are
expected to go on the 40-hour
week, ordered by President Tru-
man late yesterday, in time to
get a three-day holiday over the
Labor Day week end, Septem-
ber l-3.
The President ordered all agencies
on the 40-hour week not later than
September 9, unless it would result
in a serious detriment to their es-
sential operations He designated
Labor Day as one of seven legal
holidays for Federal employees.
Workers who 60 on the 40-houl
week next week will get the three
day holiday. The Navy Yard, with
18 900 wrokers. and the few remain
ing workers of the Office of Gen.
sorship have announced that theil
employees will get the week end of
(See 40-HOUR WEEK, Page A-3,
Evening star., 1945-08-24
|Jops Say Reds
plan Lundino
|OnHome|sI
Ey the Associated Press.

ES slic hSoUCldteu f'IcSS.
An official japanese broadcast
asserted today that Moscow had
announced intentions of sending
air-borne troops onto the Japa-
nese homeland island of Hok-
kaido.
The broadcast. in message No. 40
to Gen. Macarthur, said:
According to Moscow broadcast,
it is reported that the Soviet Union
is about to send air-borne troops to
Hokkaido. Should this report prove
true, it would be greatly regretted
by the Japanese government, which
is doing it's best in order to fulfill
all your requirements, by placing
the army and navy forces and civil
ians under strict control.
1T is earnestly hoped that the
armed forces of the Allied powers
will enter Japan according to the
plan, as has been notified by the
headquarters of the supreme COM
mander for the Allied powers"
The message, from japanese i'm
perial headquarters, was recorded
by the Associated Press.
Evening star., 1945-08-24
De GauIIe Thanks u. ).
For Freeing France in
Talk With Reporters
Reveals Arrangements
For Import Of Million
Tons of American Goods
BY JOSEPH H. BAIRD.

Gen. CnarleS de Gaulle de-
clared today that he was HAPPY
over the turn of events" since his
visit here year ago anc
thanked the United States fol
the liberation of his country.
America" he said, lis victorious
country-and one which deserved
to be victorious"
Clad in a light, fawn-coloref
uniform, Gen. de Gaulle talked fol
more than an hour with 100 Amer.
lean and foreign correspondents a
the French Embassy. He spoke il
French and a translator interpreted
the questions and answers.
Deals With Three Subjects.
The press conference, on a po,
litical level, dealt primarily with
three subjects: The economic res.
toration of France, postwar politica
settlements in Europe and the fu.
ture status of France in the Fal
East.
Without going into detail Gen
de Gaulle said he had made many
requests" of the American Govern.
ment for the economic reconstruc.
ton of France At the present
time, he added, arrangements have
been made for the import into his
country for approximately 1,000,.
600 tons of American goods.
He said he hoped that Franco
American economic planning woulc
contribute to the general prosperity
of the world.
He pointed out that the war haC
been long. bitter and exhaustine
and that the help of the United
States was essential to restoring
world order and prosperity.
No German Territorial Aims.
Gen. de Gaulle declared France
did not want any German terri.
tory. He pointed out, however, thai
the Germans had used the Rhine.
land historically as a gateway fol
the invasion Of his country and i'm.
piled some arrangement must bt
made to prevent recurrence o.
this. He refused, however, to out.
line in detail Frances future polio,
toward the Rhineland.
The French Provisional Presiden
told newsmen that France regarded
the Saar as an international prob.
lem, inasmuch as its tremendou,
production of coal was tied up with
the economy of all of Western Eu.
rope.
Asked if France would agree to 8
permanent American naval base or
New Caledonia, Gen. de Gaulle sale
the United States now had a nava
base there which had been granted
us without our asking for it. Al
for the future, he implied that the
matter was tied up entirely with
general conversations on interna.
tional security, but declined to make
any specific promise.
Criticism Discussed.
The general revealed that Presi-
dent Truman had mentioned to him
the same question that Mr.. Tru-
man raised with the party of French
newspapermen yesterday - current
criticism which the United States
is receiving in the French press.
Gen. de Gaulle said he had re-
called that over the last few years
there had been considerable criti-
cism of France in the American
press.
He added that he believed thai
: (See DE -GAULLE. Page A-30
Evening star., 1945-08-24

Bradley was already a Jump
ahead Of them and was aware of
the overcrowding in veterans IA
cilities here.
The veterans organization spokes-
man said they had complained that
although there were appropriations
for more than 400 employees to take
care of veterans in the regional of
flee at 300 Indiana avenue NV,
space had been found for only 1856,
which slowed services.
Acknowledging overcrowding at
Mount Alto Hospital, which takes
care Of veterans in this area, Gen.
Bradley told the veterans spokes-
men he Is making an effort to get
beds for the veterans in Walter
Reed Hospital and the Naval Hos
pital at Bethesda. Other veterans,
(See BRADLEY, Page A-3J
Evening star., 1945-08-24
BY j. A. FOX.

President Truman today paved
the way for a labor manage
ment conference to seek a plan
for industrial peace in the re-
conversion era when he called
representatives of the two groups
into a conference along with Re-
conversion Director John w
Snyder to work out the prelimi-
narieS.
Invited to the meeting also were
Eric Johnston, president of Cham
ber of Commerce of the United
States; Ira Mosher. president OF
the National Association of Manu-
facturers; Philip Murray, presi-
dent of the CIO and William Green
AFL chief.
Large labor groups not repre-
sented were the United Mine Work
ers and the railroad brotherhoods
outside of the AFL.
Idea Suggested by Vandenberg.
+ The. idea of a labor management
conference was suggested by Sen
ator Vandenberg, Republican, OF
Michigan. Mr.. Truman has de-
scribed an industry agreement to
minimize interruption of peacetime
Fproduction-similar to the wartime
strike agreement-as being "im-
peratiVely needed"
In another development today
John P. Frey, president of the Metal
Trades Department of the .Ameri-
can Federation of Labor, headed a
group from the unit which called
on Mr.. Truman to discuss the prob
lem facing them in connection with
existing trade union contracts.
Action Promised.
Mr.. Frey said they told>the Presi-
dent that many of their contracts
last only until the war emergency is
declared ended. He said the dele
CATION thought such contracts
should be continued in force until
they could be renegotiated through
collective bargaining.
Mr.. Frey said the President agreed
and indicated his intention to do
something about it,"
The AFL official said they also
told the President they thought the
time had come to raise the pay of
Navy Yard workers to compensate
for the reduction in hours. The
AFL already has asked the Navy
Department to convene wage boards
to consider changes in compensa-
tion.
Evening star., 1945-08-24
Truman Awaits War, Navy
Report on Pearl Harbor
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
The Secretaries of War and Navy
are preparing recommendations to
President Truman on the Pearl Har-
Dor case.
The President disclosed this at
his news conference yesterday, add
ing that until he received the report
he would not say whether he favored
immediate public trial Of Army and
Navy officers in command when the
japanese landed their sneak punch
December Z, lo4l.
Evening star., 1945-08-24
Agreement on UNRRA
Aid to Soviet Reported
BY the Associated Press.

LONDON. Aug. pa highly
placed official said today the United
States, Russia and Great Britain
had agreed on the total sum of in
ternational relief to be granted the
Soviet Union.
The official declined to give the
figure, but said it was satisfactory
to all parties and within UNRRA's
budget.
Evening star., 1945-08-24
BY MIRIAM GUTENBERG.

Gen. Omar N. Bradley, ad-
ministrator of veterans affairs
today assured representatives OF
three. District veterans organi-
cations that steps would be
taken to halt overcrowding at
Mount Alto Hospital and to pro-
vide additional space for the
Veterans Administration re-
gional Office giving service to
veterans in this area.
After a 25-minute conference with
the new administrator, representa-
tives OF the American Legion, Vet
erans of Foreign Wars and Dis
abled American Veterans said Gen
Evening star., 1945-08-24
Airborne Yanks
ToMove1nto
kyushu Sept. |
Typhoon Interferes
With Preparations
For Earlier Landings
BULLETIN.

MANILA w. Gen. Mac
Arthur announced today that
an advance occupation party
would land in Japan Sunday
to prepare the way for the
main forces which will arrive
two days later. His announce
ment, in effect, was confirma-
ton of previous Tokyo reports.
ty the Associated Press.
MANILA, Aug. 24.-Allied oc-
cupation forces will expand their
grip on Japan from Tokyo to
Kyushu, southernmost home is
land, September -four days
after Gen. MacArthur's sched-
uled landing near the typhoon-
crippled capitalize japanese
government and imperial head
quarters announced today.
Tokyo informed Gen. MacArthur's s
headquarters that typhoon howled
through the Kanto district early
yesterday and interfered with prep
arations for Allied landings there.
There was no direct request for a
postponement of Tuesdays major
landings in the Tokyo area, however
Presumably the storm affected prin-
cipally the preparations for advance
units which Japan said would reach
Atsugi Field Sunday.
Rains left Atsugi Airdrome sod
den with mud, japanese headquar-
ters informed Gen. Macarthur.
Airborne forces will reach Kyu-
shu's Kanoya Airfield on Septem-
ber l, one day after formal sur
render is signed aboard the bat
tleship Missouri in Tokyo Bay, to-
days Japanese-language commu-
nique reported.
Seaborne forces will follow.
Armed Units to Be Withdrawn.
"On September q" the commu-
nique said, the main strength of
the airborne and surface units will
land in the vicinity of Takasu on
tne coast west OF hanOya.
In order to avoid complications.
our armed units will be withdrawn
from the areas where the Allied
armies are to land"
There was no immediate Allied
conf1rma ton of the Kyushu land
ing dates.
Japan earlier had messaged di-
rectly to Gen. Macarthur a pro-
test against sinking of four Japa-
nese ships in Hokkaido waters We'd
nesday by submarine which pre-
sumably belongs to the Soviet Un-
ion." The message said there were
553 casualties on one of the four
vessels.
Another message said a mercy
ship" whose voyage to Marcus Is
land Gen. Macarthur had approved
would proceed unarmed to that
isolated island 1900 miles southeast
of Tokyo, arriving there Tuesday
and returning to Tokyo Saturday of
next week-one day after Japan's
formal surrender.
The japanese report of the ty-
phoon said communications and
transportation had been snarled in
the Tokyo, area.
Japs Ask ClarificatiOn.
The japanese government today
also asked Gen. Macarthur to
clarity six specified phrases of "the
instrument of surrender" The text
of the surrender document was not
quoted at length, but each of the
six points appeared to involve only
typographical errors.
CThe Tokyo radio said Japa-
nese Army and Navy forces be-
gan yesterday to withdraw from
the regions on Honshu Island
where the occupation troops are
expected to make their initial
landings and that the movement
will be completed by tomorrow.
(The broadcast, recorded by the
Associated Press, also said the
movement of all Japanese naval
vessels in Japanese territorial
tSee SURRENDER, Page A-5D