davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-08-26
Mrs. Emma De Graw
Dies After FaII;;Charter
Member Of Red Cross

Mrs. Emma L. DeGraw, 96, of
2lo Maryland avenue NE, last sur
viving charter member of the Amer
ican Red Cross, died yesterday at
Homeopathic Hospital after a fall
down the stairs In her home earlier
in the day.
Mrs. DeGraw and her husband,
the late Peter Voorhees, DeGraw,
were two of the 81 charter members
Of the American Red Cross at the
time it was incorporated under Dis
trict laws on October l, 1881. Mr.
DeGraw, native Washingtonian
who served as fourth assistant post
master general under President
Theodore Roosevelt, was a close ad-
wiser to Miss Clara Barton, first
president of the American Red
Cross. He was also general Southern
manager of United Press before his
death in 1914 and at one time served
with the Associated Press.
Speaks At Anniversary.
Mrs. DeGraw maintained her in
terest in the Red Cross until her
death, members OF the family said
During the World War. she worked
for the organization at Epiphany
Episcopal Church on G street near
Thirteenth street NV. In 1881, she
spoke over the radio from the Will
lard Hotel on the golden celebra-
ton Of the Red Cross. She was
asked to appear on another ami
versary few years ago, but failing
health caused her to refuse the
invitation.
Despite the fact she was confined
to her home for the last four years,
members Of the family said Mrs
DeGraw was active and mentally
keen. A nephew, William d. Vree-
land Of Philadelphia, said despite
failing eyesight, which prevented
her from seeing the characters she
was forming on paper, Mrs. De
Graw wrote letters to the very last
day of her life that were interest,"
ing and easy to read.
Funeral Plans Not Completed.
A native of Philadelphia, she was
married to Mr.. De Graw in 1876 and
come to the District the following
year. During her husbands life
time she entertained extensively.
among those coming to the De Graw
home being members of Congress,
the cabinet, high Government Of
hcials and outstanding local figures.
She was member of First Bap-
tist Church at the time of her
death.
Her only child, Edwin B. De Graw
who was for many years with the
Panama Canal Commission, died in
l94l at the age of IS. He was buried
next to his father in Rock Greek
Cemetery, where Mrs. De Graw also
will be buried. Funeral arrange
ments have not been completed.
Survivors. in addition to Mr.. Vree-
land, are another nephew, William
H. Doerr of Bala a-Cynwyd, Pa, and
three nieces. Miss Mary C. Doerr
and Miss Emma L. De Graw OF
Philadelphia and Mrs. Elizabeth
Maginnity of Providence r, I.
Evening star., 1945-08-26
Admiral Lee S Death
5addens Navy; Rites
Set for tuesday

vice Admiral Wills A. Lee, Jr.,
U. S. NJ, who died of a heart at
tack yesterday aboard a launch
bearing him to the Battleship Wy
oming, his flagship, in Casco Bay
of Portland, Me-, will be buried
Tuesday in Arlington Cemetery.
The T-year-old Kentucky-b born
naval tactician, veteran of Pacific
engagements against the japanese,
was in the Portland area for the
past two months on a top-secret
tactical assignment. He was the
holder of the Navy Cross, the Legion
of Merit, and the Distinguished
Service Medal for outstanding serv-
ice in the Pacific War.
Secretary of the Navy Forrestal
said Admiral Lees name will be
associated inextinguishably with
one of the pivotal victories of the
American Navy in the war against
the Japanese" The Secretary
stated that Admiral Lees intercept
tion of japanese convoy Novem-
ber 14-15, 1912 which was enroute
to an all-out assault against en-
battled Marines on Guadalcanal
undoubtedly saved that island for
the American cause, as well as the
lives of the Marines on it,"
Called Brilliant Officer.
'It is with profound regret that
I was informed of the death of Ad-
miral Lee" Secretary Forrestal said.
I'm his death the Navy loses one of
its most brilliant officers and fight
ing leaders. There Is little question
that his long service at sea, partic-
ularly the tension of the early part
of the war in the South Pacific,
contributed to his DEATH"
The Secretary recalled that Ad-
miral Lees force, consisting of the
battleships Washington and South
Dakota, supported by four destroy
ers, arrived in Savo Strait in time
to close with the advancing elements
q the Japanese fleet.
In the ensuing melee during the
next two and half hours, Secre-
tary Forrestal said, Vice Admiral
Lees ships sank, battered and pun
ished the Japanese so severely that
their remaining transports fell easy
prey to our pilots the following
morning. The final phase of the
battle saw the Washington, Vice
Admiral Lees flagship and the only
vessel in the American fleet left un-
damaged. holding command of tie
Guadalcanal waters while the Japs
fed"
In Leyte Gulf Battle.
Admiral Lee also was in command
of Task Force "a in the Battle of
Leyte Gulf on October Is, 1914. He
was second in command under Ad-
miral william F. Halsey, jr., COM
manding the battleships in that en-
gagement.
During the Battle of the Philip
pines on June 10, 1914, when the
United States task force was sub
jected to full-scale attack by Jap
anese carrier-based planes. Admiral
Lee directed his ships with maxi
mum effectiveness, the Navy said,
and by expert gunnery they sue
ceeded in destroying several enemy
bombers.
He had been assistant chief of
staff to the commander in chief of
the United States feet. He at
tanned the rank of vice admiral on
March 81, 1914.
Admiral Lee was a native of Nat
lee, KY. He entered the Navy in
1904 and was commissioned a cap
tain In 1886 and rear admiral in
1912. His permanent home was in
Rock Island, Ill. His widow, Mrs.
Maybelle Lee, survives.
Evening star., 1945-08-26
UarnH nf UhankH

BOSWELL, ELMER SHELTON CHAR
ssHMToN tcHARi1E5 BOSWELL wishes
to thank its many relatives and friends
for gifts lowers cards and st ether ex
and passing. THE FAMILY
BRIGHT, ELLIS J. The family of the
late ELLIS ]. BRIGHT acknowledges with
sions Of sympathy.
DAVIS. EMMA FREDERICK. We wish
to thank relatives, neighbors and friends
for their kind expressions of sympathy
and floral tributes during the illness and
at the death Of our wife and sister, EMMA
FREDERICK DAVIS. THE FAMILY.
HAYMAN. SADIE w. GRANT. We wish
to express our sincere thanks and appre-
clation to the Rev. William r. Jones, the
Rev. Charles Pryor, the choir and members
OF Union Wesley A. M Il. Zion Church
also to the relatives, friends and neighbors
for their kind expressions of sympathy and
floral tributes at the death Of our. sister
and aunt, SADIE W. GRANT HAYMAN.
MARY E. GRANT AND FAMILY.
Evening star., 1945-08-26
Eberhord Fober, Pencil Maker,
browns Trying to Sove Son, 8 )

strong current was carrying him
rapidly seaward.
Mr.. Faber's brother-in-law, Capt.
Duncan Taylor of Plainfield, Ma
rine Corps Reserve officer, plunged
after them and succeeded in reach
ing the boy. Fred j. Allegeri of Nut
ley and Jack Cugnini of New York,
neighbors, assisted Capt. Taylor in
bringing the boy safely to shore.
Capt. Taylor swan back to look
for Mr. Faber and Col. Putnam and,
aided by man who was passing in
a motorboat, located Col. Putnam
and brought him ashore. Then they
returned and recovered Mr.. Faber's
body.
Coast Guardsmen worked over the
two men for two hours before they
were pronounced dead,
Evening star., 1945-08-26
UNRRA Buys Army Attire
For Relief 10 Europeans

By the Associated Press.
UNRRA announced yesterday the
purchase of $2l, 100000 worth of
clothing from Army stocks for re-
lief in Europe. They are to be dis
tributed before winter sets in.
Included are 100000 pieces of
underwear. 1,750,000 overcoats, 9O0,-
600 sweaters, $500, 900 pairs of socks
and stockings and 1.o00, 900 pairs of
trousers.
Evening star., 1945-08-26
~ the Associated Press

Ey the Associated PresS.
SEASIDE PARK, N. j., Aug. 49,
Eberhard Faber, 81, vice president
of the Eberhard Faber Pencil Manu-
featuring Co. of Brooklyn, N. y,
and a friend, Col. Brock Putnam,
58, retired Army officer of Ridgefield,
Conn, lost their lives in the surf
today in an attempt to save Mr..
Faber's 8-year-old son, James, from
drowning.
Mr.. Faber and Col. Putnam, both
OF whom were strong swimmers,
were sitting on the porch of the
Faber summer home at Chadwick
when they heard the boys cry for
help. The two men plunged into
the surf when they saw that a
Evening star., 1945-08-26
Air-Borne Yunks Lund
At Berlin Ceremonies

BERLIN, Aug. Is. - American
glidermen and parachute troops,
many of them veterans Of battle
jumps, dropped on Tempelhof Air
drome today in a winged pageant
accompanying the award of decora-
tions for valor to members of the
82d Air-borne Division.
Evening star., 1945-08-26
Mrs. Ethel Chaffee Dies;
Widow Of Noted General

BY the Associated Press.
LOUISVILLE, Aug. Is. - Mrs.
Ethel Chaffee, 56-year-old widow of
Maj. Gen. Adna r. Chaffee, died
today at her home here.
Her husband, known as the
father of the armored forces" died
several months ago in Boston after
Evening star., 1945-08-26

i'll health forced his resignation
from Camp Knox duties.
Funeral and burial services for
Mrs. Chaffee will be held Tuesday
at Arlington Cemetery,
Evening star., 1945-08-26
Motions Resume Relations

LONDON, Aug. IS R.-A Moscow
broadcast in the Polish language
said tonight that Poland and Bull
garia had resumed diplomatic rela-
tions and that representatives would
be exchanged soon.
Evening star., 1945-08-26
Nuzis Executed o,4O0

LONDON, Aug. Is (P.-The Lux.
embourg radio said tonight that g..
400 Germans were executed by the
Nazis during the war, for listening
to foreign radio broadcasts.
Evening star., 1945-08-26
CEMETERY LOTS.

LOT, grave sites. located near main 1afe.
best section, WASHINGTON National Gem.
etery. across from Cedar Hill, $3.50 cssh
Heresa q real bargain. Must sell. AT. 1858,
Evening star., 1945-08-26
In Mrntnriant

BELL, STURGEON. In sad but loving
remembrance of my dear husband SPUR
GEON BELL, who departed this life one
year ago today, August 26, 1914.
Evening star., 1945-08-26

God took you from us,
But memories linger still;
For / miss you, darling,
And / know l always will.
Peacefully sleeping. resting at
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-01
Black
Dragon

" OSHIHISA KUZUU.
I bearded president of
the dread black dragon
Society, in the custody
of an American MP in
Tokyo. Kuzuu, as head
Of the ring whose regime
of political assassination
and terrorism reinforced
the uitrd-nIIItrIStIc
clique. was z tremendous
power for evil behind the
scenes.
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-01

Walter =. Reuther, vice
president of the UAW-CIO,
telling reporters in Wash
ingtOn that GM doesn't
have a chance in the world"
of breaking the strike
called by the union in sup
port of their demands for a
80 per cent wage increase.
Left is X. j. Tn ON =,
president of the UAW-CIO.
Montana labor news., 1945-06-28

others throats, telling each group that
the other was endangering its rights.
AS a result. the trade union movement
was completely smashed, while the sys-
TEN of free enterprise was likewise de-
stroyd Both labor and business became
vassals OF the state
our enemies tried to use this same
scapegoat strategy in the International
sphere, invading defenseless countries
like CzechsloYakia and Poland on the
pretext that these nations were a ''men-
ace" to the German people. We realize
now that treacherous propaganda of this
kind is a weapon of war; but we do have
a powerful counter-weapon in the ability
of every human being to use his own
intelligence and refuse to fall for rabble-
rousing appeals
The end of the war isn't going to mean
that every issue is solved. We will face
the big job Of preventing unemployment
at home and of making a lasting peace
abroad. If we fall into the trap of blam-
ing our troubles on the other fellow, we
can never hope to solve the problems
that require, first of all, the whole
hearted and united effort Of all Amer
leans. If we are side-tracked into po-
ltical witchhunts or blinded by racial
and religious prejudice, the democracy
for which we are fighting may well be
destroyed from within. Our future as
free men-indeed the future of the whole
free world-depends on our ability not
only to fight but also to think straight
through to the finish.
Montana labor news., 1945-06-28

or prejudice against innocent people or
groups who seemed different from the
majority.
For example, when the city of Rome
was burned to the ground in the year "a.
the Emeror Nero was suspected Of hav-
ing started the fire himself. But no
one could prove it, and Nero blamed the
Christians, torturing and killing them to
distract attention from himself. Chris
tians were very convenient scapegoats in
those days, because they were differ
ent" in thir rligious customs and sus-
picion could easily be worked up against
them. Other Roman emperors staged
circuses when bread was scarce, to draw
the attention of masses from their
hunger The chief attraction at these
"circuses' consisted of throwing Chris
tians to the lions.
We've come a long way since those
days, but in spite of the progress we've
made. the practice of using innocent
people as scapegoats still persists. Even
in so-called modern times" Christians
have prosecuted Jews, Protestants and
Catholics have prosecuted one another,
whites have prosecuted Negroes, and all
together have prosecuted aliens of other
nationalities.
America is no exception. Irish immi-
grants came here by the thousands in
the middle of the 18th century, and a
political party calling itself the Know
Nothings" tried to make scapegoats OF
the Irish Catholics, blaming them for
unemployment, slums, panic, corruption
and crime.
Adolph Hitler is one of the most ter
rible examples of a dictator who rose to
power by using the scapegoat trick
Simply because the Jews in Germany.
like the Christians in the Roman en-
pire, were the weakest minority in the
country, Hitler started a systematic
campaign of abuse against them. He
told the German people that the Jews
were to blame for all the troubles of the
nation. once the Nazis had made head
way with their anti-Jewish agitation,
they turned their propaganda guns
against Catholics and Protestants, and
freedom of religion disappeared. The
Nazis set business and labor at one an
Montana labor news., 1945-06-28

Two ants were racing along at great
speed across a cracker box. "Hey, why
are we going so fast?" asked one.
Don't you see?" said the other. 1T
says. Tear along dotted line
Montana labor news., 1945-06-28
THE HIGH COST
OF SCAPECOATS

The noon whistle blows, and workers
all over the plant knock off for lunch.
In the riveting section, the men push
back their helmets, lay down their
torches. and open their lunch pals.
Everybody feels pretty good except a
riveter named Joe, who has just been
bawled out by the Inspector for riveting
a whole plate wrong. Joe is sounding off.
who does he think he is anyhow?
How should I know that plate was sup
posed to have eighty rivets? It was
Steve's fault. He gave me a bum steer.
Can I help it if he can't read a blue
print?" a.
That's pretty characteristic of the way
we act when things go wrong. We're apt
to blame Steve, or the weather, or the
next door neighbor or anyone else who
happens to be handy. People are quick
to find excuses and to pass the buck. -
This tendency to make the other fel-
low take the rap" is nothing new; it's
as old as the human race. In very early
times, before men understood the causes
of disease. poverty and crime, they be
lieved their troubles were caused by gods
who were angry for some reason, or by
evil spirits Primitive people could not
understand what brought on disasters
that happened to them so they became
superstitious. When crops were de
stroyed by lack of rain, or an epidemic
killed off many members of a tribe, sac
rifices were offered to the angry gods
in hopes that they would relent and call
)ff the demons.
Two thousand years ago, Apollo was
the most important of the gods wors-
hipped by the Greeks, and the big an
nual event in their lives was the cere-
mony of appeasing him. one person was
picked to pay for all the sins of his
countrymen. That unhappy fellow was
forced to stand on the edge OF steep
cliff rising out of the Mediterranean
sea, while thousands Of people crow1ed
behind him TO watch him jump to his
death. The victim was probably less
guilty of sin than many CT the people
in the mob, but that made no difference.
His death was supposed to satisfy Apollo,
and every guilty conscience was cleared.
Most of us know the Bible story of
the high priest who transferred" the
sins of the people to a goat and then
drove the poor beast into the wilderness.
This animal was called a scapegoat and
the word has been used ever since to
describe anyone forced to take the blame
for tn misdeeds or grievances Of others.
At first, in ancient times the COM
munity scapegoat was chosen by lot. But
it wasn't long before someone discovered
how useful it could be to work up anger
Montana labor news., 1945-06-28
back some of that loss2

back some of that loss?
1t is also commonly accepted that use
full labor is about the best cure for a
criminal Let the German earn his way
back into respectable society and In
earning, perhaps he will learn something
too OF democracy and its ways as he
works among the peoples of Europe.
Some may argue that the ordinary
German is not a criminal Perhaps he
is not in the sense of a Nazi hatchet
man. or an SIS trooper, or U-boat COM
mander, but common law has always
held that the accomplice after the fact
is as guilty as the criminal himself
I have some acquaintance with the
criminal tendencies of simple German
soldiers other than those covered by the
rules of war When we were captured
in the Ardennes battle last winter, the
German soldier-hundreds of him-rob-
bed us of our watches, our money, our
little remaining food, our overcoats, over
shoes and even shoes in some instances.
And one evening weeks later standing
at tn prison fence, we watched column
Of German soldiers march past, carry
ing under their arms American Red
Cross packages which were intended for
hunger-ridden stomachs and which, the
German authorities had said, were de-
stroyed that afternoon in a strafing raid
by American planes.
The German soldier already looks upon
Americans as soft-hearted fools although
he finally had to admit We we're better
soldiers than he liked to think. What
do the humanitarians back home think
will be his reaction if he is allowed to go
unpinished for his crimes of looting and
rape?
During our stay in the German prison
we held public forums on many issues.
One day we discussed what to do with
Germany after the victory And the
vote of the 500 or so GIs at the forum
was unanimous in the belief that Ger
many should make reparations for the
colossal damage she had done TO the
world; not in gold, that had failed after
the last war. but in the only power she
would have left and the only thing OF
value to anyone else-labor.
It may be argued that 500 men suf-
fering starvation, filth and yermin in a
German prison camp could not be too
objective in approaching the problem Of
wnat to do with Germany. Neither wele
I imagine. the men OF 1776 when they
framed the Declaration Of Independence,
which still serves the world as model
Of democracy and a gospel Of humanity.
Two ants were racing along at great
speed across a cracker box. "Hey, why
Montana labor news., 1945-06-28

drank or over-ate. and always got up
at five in the morning"
But. had an uncle who did that.
too" protested the newsman. "and he
only lived 70 be ninety"
Maybe" said the oidster, -he didn't
keep it up long enough"
Montana labor news., 1945-06-28

The towns Oldest inhabitant had cele-
brated his hundredth birthday, and the
local paper sent a reporter out for an
interview. ITO what do you attribute
your longevity" queried the reporter.
The centenarian studied a moment.
well sire" he began, Il never smoked,
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-01-12
TbereW Be A Lot More
On This Foreign Policy

lis won. He said it would be i,
good idea not to talk too much
until the fighting ends.
He grew red in the face. He
gestured with both arms. His fore
lock curled down over his right
eye. AS for those people who
want to know what is Americas
foreign policy, ne said, let them
read the brilliant pages of Amer
ica's past.
He said he'd have more to saw
when the time came. By now #
was after 2 p. m. and Sen. Alley.
ander Wiley of Wisconsin. gray.
haired and grayish-faced, took IN
the debate from the. Republican
viewpoint. I couldn't help feeling
sorry for him; the other senator's
were more interested in lunch
than in his speech.
When he'd spoken Is minutes
there were II men on the floor
listening to him. That left him
what must have seemed like an
acre of red leather chairs for an
audience and I snaked out to
lunch, feeling embarrassed.
More later, muchs more. on for.
eign policy.
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-01-12
rprDERICK C. OTHMAN
by press staff Correspondent

,x,;ted Press St"Ai r,n>
'n %1'ssssH1NGToN, J n. n'- up,
-"nen n+v that's a sign that the
IS e enlp'J below is ditto. When the
ofa a,ory is full Of correspondents
sa alh colt pencils and wads OF yell
WI, ris' paper you can be certain that
Something is up.
S0I Al five minutes after noon yes
..r I'd the gallery was iammed;
l sa manv pencils were scribbling
~ s.o,,sIv you could near 'em.
Made a kind of purring noise.
-' IN the well stood Sen. Arthur
vandenberg, Michigan Repub-
1 il opening this Congress first
frlI.dress debate on President
I poosevelt's foreign policy. Vice
presjdent Henry A. Wallace fid-
ded silently with his gavel with
,t.a.handIe. Senators on both
sides of the chamber listened in
tentlv. Citizens overlooked t h e
rublic gallery; a row OF them
leaned against the back wall.
Vandenberg stood at his mahog-
anv desk "a piece of furniture
modelled after the one you used
in the eighth grade) and unbut-
toned his doublebreasted blue
coat His vest was wrinkled. His
modestly speckled tie went askew.
He said he'd appreciate it if no.
body interrupted him and nobody
did He read from a script, with
important phrases underlined so
Ne wouldn't forget to emphasize
them. His speech was peppered
with phrases like stupid and sin
lister folly of Interior ambitions. :.
such pickering is water on the
Axis wheel a great American
illusion. honest candor. in
centive to Axis peoples to desert
their own tottering tyrannies."
1t was sober speech, received
with sober respect. After 10 min
utes Of it, Vandenberg's voice got
hoarse; it cracked a couple Of
times He ignored the glass of
water which knickerbockered
page boy brought to him.
What he wanted, in language
more diplomatic than this, W a S
for Russia, Britain. and the U. S.
A. to tell each other the truth
and quit trying to give each other
The business.
Sen. Warren R. Austin of Yer
mont, also a Republican, jumped
up to say he believed Vanden-
berg's address to be one of the
most impor4 ant in the Senate yet.
Sen. Tom Connally, Texas Demo-
cratic chairman of the Foreign
Relations Commute, Strengthened
his black bow tie and harumphed.
He wanted to answer Vandenberg.
Connally, the only senator who
looks like a senator is supposed
o look said he didn't believe
NAM international political prob
lens could be solved until the war
The Wilmington morning star. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1909-1990, 1945-01-12
highway Workers Termed
Essential To War Effort

RALEIGH, Jan. 11-lP)-Charles
Ross, acting chairman of the
North Carolina State Highway
Commission, said today he had
been assured by the War Man
power Commission, that Highway
Department workers are consider
ed TO be engaged in work essential
10 the war effort. and would not
be reclasSified under new work
or fight regulations announced
from Washington
Ross said he contacted the VINO
alter he Was informed that IS
maintenance workers connected
with the Highway Department.
AsheNille branch planned to quit
their JOBS there to 60 into what
they considered more essential
employment He added that he
understood two of the workers
nad already quit their Highway
department jobs because they be-
ileVed tney would be reciassified
by their draft boards.