davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Nome nugget., 1945-08-31
Gen. Wainwright Meets General
 Macarthur Again


 NEW YORK, Aug. 3l l-R- CBS distributed the following from its correspondent William J. Dunn under a Tokyo dateline: One of the most impressive meetings of the Pacific war took place here just a few minutes ago when It. Gen. Jonathan M. Vain wright, for three and half years a prisoner of the Japanese, sat down with General of the Army Macarthur, whom he succeeded in command of the American forces on Corregidor.
 The meeting occurred in a pri- vate dining room of New Grand hotel, where Gen. Macarthur and members of his staff awaited Gen. Wainwright's arrival. There was no ovation. Macarthur just wrung Wainwright's hand and said sim ply Well I'm glad to see you" Wainwright, obviously in fine spirits, appeared to swallow mo- mentarily before he answered I'm glad to see you too" fighting our country's battle against the Japanese aggressors. "You, MT. and Mrs. Scott, have every reason to share that pride and qualification.
 Sincerely,
 George C. Kenney,
 General, United States Army,
 "Commanding. Ed. Note)-This is Bob's third award for air service and also he has Philippine Liberation Ribbons. Bob is a navigator in the Philip pines since January, 1945, on one of the bombers.
 Clear Heads Choose CalVert'S
Evening star., 1945-06-10

criminals will be tried If United States
has to do it alone.
Friday: Final Japs on Okinawa cut to
two isolated groups who now face flame
throwers and hand grenades. Halsey
sends 200 carrier planes against the
south tip of Kyushu. Japs near last
stand in Luzon. MacArthur's planes
smash Japs on British Borneo. Chinese
continue advance toward coast. Rus
sia yields on veto issue at San Francisco
and way is paved to reach agreement on
world security charter. Hopkins re-
ported returning from Moscow with So
luton of Polish situation.
Saturday: Division of Allied troops,
probably Australian, land on Labuan
Island in Borneo area. Chinese break
through Jap lines to reach Indo-C China
border. B-29s, in three-way attack, hit
aircraft factories at Nagoya, Naruo and
Akashi Halsey's carrier planes hit Jap
naval base at Kanoya and other objec-
tives on Kyushu. One Jap pocket on
Okinawa squeezed down to square
miles. Jap's Parliament meets in emer-
gency session as Tokyo admits 1870 900
homeless as result of fire raids on Tokyo,
Yokohoma and Nagoya alone. Signs Of
revolt seen among Jap troops in Philip
pines.
Evening star., 1945-06-10

Japan's railways in Manchuria total
$500 kilometers. She has developed
great iron mines and steel mills at
Ansham. Her coal mines at Fushun
are a most profitable enterprise. The
harbor at Dairen, built by her, is one of
the most modern and equipped
harbors in the Far East. There Is also
the arsenal at Mukeden, in which Man.
churian warlords of other days, Chang
Tso-lin and his son Chang Hsueh-
lang. invested enormous sums, and
which has since been enlarged and i'm
proved by the japanese. These are
only the major items of her vast hold
ings in Manchuria.
Shell without the Oyster.
These properties, valuable for what
they are in the material sense, are even
more valuable as symbols of dominating
power. Whoever controls these things
controls the whole of Manchuria.
Under the principles of the Atlantic
Charter, China is entitled to regain
Manchuria. But to regain it without
its established railways, mines, harbors
and arsenals, would be like getting the
shell without the oyster.
The present is perhaps an opportune
moment for the Allies to serve notice
that Japan would be held strictly &C
countable for any and all of her Man.
churian possessions she might dispose of
before the peace settlement-that she
would be forced to pay reparation for
any willful depletion she might now ef-
feet of her Manchurlan holdings. This
might have a deterrent effect upon any
possible design Japan might have in con-
temptation in regard to Manchuria. The
Allies might also tell Japan that she is
wasting time casting about for a go-be-
tween, and that no go-between could
alter their demand for unconditional
surrender. The United States in par
drive home to the japanese President
Truman's recent statement that "uncon-
ditional surrender does not mean the ex-
termination or enslavement of the Japa-
nese people" that "it means not pro-
longing the present agony and suffer-
ing of the japanese" and that sit means
the termination of the influence of the
military leaders who have brought Japan
to the brink of disaster"
BY coincidence, T. " Soong, the
Chinese Prime Minister, who is going to
confer with Stain soon after the con-
clusion of the San Francisco Conference,
may arrive at Moscow while Konoye
is still there or vice versa. No doubt the
Chinese statesman will do all he can to
forestall any possible agreement between
Stain and Konoye. After all the
Konoye mission may enjoy no smooth
sailing.
Evening star., 1945-06-10
War Review
Japs Admit Defeat of
Suicide Planes
By Howard p. Bailey

Tokyo finally has admitted that the
efforts Of japanese suicide planes have
failed to stem the tide of American ad-
vance toward their homeland and the
statement over the Nipponese radio was
substantiated by Vice Admiral Mitscher,
back from the Pacific, who declared in
Washington that only about per cent
of the planes reached their targets
This does not minimize the damage
which has occurred but the loss of Jap
planes plus terrific series of bombings
on Kyushu Island from which the
kamikaze planes take off has brought
the attacks almost to standstill.
In the meantime, B-29s continue their
smashing saturation raids, Kobe and
Osaka receiving an unpleasant dose of
it last week
The high lights of the week were:
Sunday: Planes from Admiral Hal
sey's Sd Fleet carriers blast, Kyushu air
fields find few Jap planes, but smash
those. Sudden Yank drive traps Japs
on Chinen Peninsula on OkinaWa.
Americans crush Japs in renewed hard
fighting on Mindanao in Philippines.
Japs complain Hirohito can't go horse
back riding any more; urge all who can
to leave blasted Yokohoma. Syrians
jeer as French leave cities. Veto plan
dispute in security organization sent to
Moscow for decision.
Monday: Japs report transport feet
and two task forces of United States
Navy move into Okinawa waters. En-
more OkinaWa towns. Tsuneo Matsu-
daira, former Ambassador to United
States, resigns as Minister of imperial
household at Tokyo. Yanks chase
Davao Japs into hills after defeat. Hope
grows at San Francisco that veto power
issue may be settled. United States pre-
pares to drop 10000 monthly from Fed
eral payroll.
Tuesday: American, British, French
and Russian governments cut Germany
back to December 81, 1887, size. Super
Forts drop 5000 tons of fire bombs on
Kobe, Japan's largest port; results sat
isfactory. Tokyo admits crisis on
OkinaWa. Yanks battle for full con-
troll of Naha's airfields Navy an
nounces two destroyers, Morrison and
Luce, lost off Okinawa. Chinese re-
capture Siapu, rs miles northeast of
Foochow. King Haakon, ending five
year exile, returns to Norway. French
report that delegates, no matter how
reluctantly, will side with United States
against Russia if veto plan comes to
showdown at San Francisco.
Wednesday: Japs admit Okinawa now
isolated. Chinese recapture United
States air base at Liuchow. Japs claim
vast underground defense system set up
at home. Russians almost certainly"
identify charred body in Berlin as Hit
ler's. Reds to get part of German area
conquered by Americans. United States
offers new Interpretation of veto plan
assuring council hearing for any dis
putant.
Thursday: Tokyo admits suicide
planes checked. Americans rush re-
pairs to Naha airfield Japs on Okinawa
reduced to $4,000 B-29s, in 10th large
scale raid on Japan in month, drop
thousands of tons of high explosives on
Osaka, japanese arsenal and Orient's
largest industrial city. Churchill de-
clares all Yalta agreements now known,
none remaining secret. Associate JUS
tiee jackson declares all German war
Evening star., 1945-06-10
UNRRA and Yugoslavia Set
Example in War Recovery
Nation, Badly Ravaged by Conflict, Attacks
Problems With Confidence as Allied Group
Gives Support Where Needed
By WHHam B. King.

careful that requested material can be
used efficiently. There is no indication
of any tendency to grab everything SIM
ply because payment is not demanded.
Yugoslavia is 80 per cent agricultural,
so the necessity for returning the land
to normal cultivation is tremendous
Initial agricultural shipments, which
had to compete with military and relief
shipments, were slow, but $500 tons of
spring wheat was sent in time for plant
ing In some areas the farmers ignored
immediate hunger and used food wheat
and beans for sowing.
In the race with the seasons 235 trac-
tors already have been sent for use in
Bosnia and Croatia. Fifty tractors were
requested to be flown into the rich plains
of Vojvodina, which could not be
reached in time by normal transport.
So far 16 of those have arrived.
Work is going forward on revival of
the Dalmatian fishing industry, which
operated 1000 boats before the war
with an annual catch of 100000
pounds. Today there are 5000 boats
which are fit to be repaired
So far, says Rolf Nugent of New York
City, UNRRA deputy chief of mission
for supply, the main limiting factor of
shipments to Yugoslavia has been port
capacities, which are far below normal
because of bombings and German demo-
litions.
Give-and- Take Policy.
The UNRRA program calls for i'm
portation of 65 900 tons in July through
Split Dubrovnik and Susak, near Fiume.
For June UNRRA has called forward
10000 tons, supplementing shipments
from regular military allocations set be-
fore UNRRA formally took over April Is.
Since these ports cannot take fully
loaded Liberty ships, part of the ton
mage may be lifted in Italy and re-
shipped by schooners to the smaller
Dalmatian ports.
The Bulgarian government has agreed
to the use of her Black Sea ports for
receiving goods destined for Yugoslava.
A policy now under consideration by
the YugoSlav government is to accept
heavier shipments of food for the coastal
areas while making food surpluses from
the rich Volvodina region available to
the UNRRA pool for shipment to lib
Grated Czechoslovakia and Poland where
UNRRA also has relief commitments.
This would make Yugoslavia the first Of
the devastated countries to put the force
of its reviving economy behind the
UNRRA dream of a rehabilitated Europe.
distributed by the Associated Press)
Evening star., 1945-06-10
Arabs Turn Toward Each Other,
TOKYO TAKING DEVIOUS PATH TO PEACE
By K. K. Kawakamf

Tokyo, taking into its orbit Manchuria
and Korea as well as China's Com
munist region which Is contiguous to
Mongolia, where Russia is already in
trenched?
This, Of course. belongs in the realm
Of speculation, but the situation en-
visaged is one of those possibilities
which no far-seeing statesman IF the
countries arrayed against Japa:i can
entirely ignore. Does not Russia's re-
cent and current diplomacy in Eastern
Europe, including Poland, Romania,
Austria and Yugoslavia, furnish food for
thought? Is not RuSsia's unexpected
generosity toward the people of van-
quished Germany an indication of her
possible line of action in a PROSTATE
Japan following VI day?
Wants Warm Water Port.
To gauge Russias possible intentions
In the East we must keep in view the
background of her past policy. Ever
since Gen. Count Muravieff explored
and annexed the vast Amur region in
disregard of CHINESE protests a CEN
tury ago 1t has been Russias fixed policy
to secure a water port on the Pa
cif1c. Vladivistok, whose harbor is
frozen fast through long winter months,
never satisfied her. So at the turn of
this century she built railroads through
Manchuria and opened the port of
Dalny (now Dairen on the Pacific, and
she was intent upon advancing further
down the Korean Peninsula Then ia
pan, with British and to a lesser ex-
tent American support challenged the
Gear and rolled back the Russian tide
To Russia, however, the peace of
Portsmouth was but a truce, for she
still cherished her dream of a warm
water outlet on the Pacific The Bolshe-
vik revolution of 1917 disrupted that
dream, but only temporarily. After
Lenin's death Moscow gradually veered
toward the right" Gone were the
days of extravaganza when the revo-
lutionary leaders proclaimed a whole
sale remuneration of the imperialistic
legacies of the Cars True, as lately
as 1885 Soviet Russia sold to Japan
and Manchukuo what had remained of
her railways in Manchuria, but that was
only because it had to bow to the in
evitable before Japan's aggressive
policy. Now the tables are turned, and
Russia again sees the possibility of a
warm water port of her own on the
Pacific.
Japan Now Desperate.
Obviously Japan is now so desperate
that she may give up in Russia's favor
almost anything she has in Manchuriar-
railways, mines, harbors representing an
investment of billions-if by SO doing
she may win Russia's good offices to
save her homeland from utter devasta-
ton. No doubt Japan thinks this
smart thing to do, for she knows that
Manchuria, with all her holdings there,
will be taken from her anyway by her
conquerors
1t has been commonly thought that
Russia must and will fight Japan in
order to have voice in the peace set
tlement in the Far East. This reasoning
must be revised in the light of Konoye's
possible mission. If Stain lends ear to
Konoye's pleading and concludes a
transaction along the lines indicated,
his reason for wanting voice in the
Far Eastern settlement at the peace
conference will be largely obviated.
Evening star., 1945-06-10
French Course in Syria Disturbs y. S.
Republics independence Recognized
Arabs Brings Strained Situation

1t is an understatement to say that
over the clash between Gen. Charles
de Gaulle and the government of Syria
and Lebanon. Yet there is no other
way to describe Washington's reac-
ton, because the conflict has occurred
in an area of the world in which the
United States has no direct authority
The American reaction is based on
two considerations. First, this coun-
try is eager to see France re-established
as a great power because of its stabil-
izing influence on Europe as a whole,
and the feeling here is that Gen. de
Gaulle, in allowing French troops to
lombard Damascus has acted unwisely
and has diminished the prestige of his
regime.
Secondly, the United States shares
with Great Britain firm determina-
ton that nothing shall happen in the
Near East now to menace the Suez
Canal and the Allies line of commune
cation to the Far East through the
Mediterranean. The State Department,
it is known, was solidly behind Prime
Minister Churchills demand that
France cease military activities in Syria.
Vichy Force Elected.
To clarity the confused situation in
the Near East, it is necessary to go
into the background of what happened
in July, 1941, when Free French forces
under British command invaded Syria
and Lebanon to throw out the Vichy
administration there which had been
collaborating with the Germans.
When the invasion occurred, both the
British and the Free French assured
the peoples of Syria and Lebanon that
they would be given independence. At
the same time, Gen. de Gaulle worked
out an arrangement with London pro-
viding that British troops would be re-
sponsible for the country's military pro-
lection against Axis troops while the
French would assure internal order.
Gen. Georges Catroux was sent to
Beirut as the representative of the
French National Committee. Shortly
after his arrival there he issued in
the fall or 1942 proclamatlonS recO2-
nizing the independence of the two
Arabic countries. New governments
were named in both. The French.
however, continued control of all
revenues.
In the following year a dispute arose
between the British and French over
two issues. The British, as co-guar-
antor of Syrian and Lebanese inde-
pendence, insisted that France fulfill
its bargain. Secondly, a dispute de-
veloped over the respective British and
French areas of military control. The
French charged that the British were
trying to replace them as the most
influential western power in Syria and
Lebanon.
Evening star., 1945-06-10

Egypt. They have seen their commodi-
ties exchanged under the direction of
Allied officials and now realize how a
benefit themselves.
Moreover, Arab leaders like President
Shukri al-Kuwatly of Syria and Leba-
non are anxious to develop an Arabic
literature and culture. All educated
Arabs, according to sources familiar
with the Near East, have basic literary
language in common, although dialects
may differ in various countries. They
recall their prestige and power during
the Middle Ages and are eager to re-
establish themselves as an influential
people in the modern world.
Authorities on the Arab world do not
regard the pan-Arabic movement as
antiforeign, but as legitimate express
sion of a racial culture Unlike the
pan-Slavic and pan-Germanic move
ments in Europe, the Arabs, authorities
say, have no territorial ambitions save
to control their own countries and build
up mutually beneficial system of trade
and culture.
France first gained control of Syria
and Lebanon under a League of Ma
tions mandate following the World War.
Previously these territories had been
part of the old Turkish Empire In
September, 1886, France signed treaty
with Syria recognizing its domestic in
dependence, with the proviso that 1t
was to remain under French military
control.
U. s. Stand Cooperative.
However, during the Vichy regimes
period Of power, as mentioned earlier,
the British and Free French took over
the country and proclaimed its inde-
pendence as republic. Under the
British-French agreement France was
recognized as having a "pre-eminent
and privileged position" in its former
mandate
The American State Department,
however, has never recognized French
pre-eminence there. 1t has been quite
willing, however, to accept any agree
ment worked out between this Near
Eastern country and France, so long as
it does not discriminate against the
rights of United States nationals.
Due to the French shelling of Da-
mascus, it now appears that Frances
position in Syria is most precarious
President Shukri al-Kuwatly is quoted
in current press interviews as saying
that the French will no longer be tol-
Grated in the capital.
However, the really effective military
power in Syria and Lebanon is Great
Britain, whose 9th Army is stationed in
the Near East. The future of Gen. de
Gaulle's regime in the Suez Canal area
probably will be determined at 10
Downing street.
Evening star., 1945-06-10

1t is reported that Japan is sending
to Moscow special envoy in the person
of Prince Fumimaro Konoye, thrice
Prime Minister, charged with obtaining
assurance that Russia will maintain
neutrality in the conflict in the Far
East"
One cannot but feel that there is in
this report something more than meets
the eye. That Japan is anxious about
Russia's continued neutrality no one
can doubt. But if that is the only thing
she wants from Russia at this juncture,
why trouble so important a parsonage
as Prince Konoye? The japanese Am
bassador at Moscow, Naotake Sato, is an
experienced diplomat, long Ambassador
to Paris and Foreign Minister for a
brief period in 1887. He should be able,
as we'll as any one else, to negotiate on
the neutrality question.
1t is within the bounds of possibility
that, while the professed reason for the
Konoye mission is neutrality, its real
objective is more far reaching and much
greater in scope. In a word, Japan
may have it in mind to seek RuSSias
good Offices in order to approach the
United States and Britain for peace be-
fore her homeland is converted into
cinders and shambles.
Little Time to Lose.
The bombing of Tokyo In the vicinity
of the imperial palace and of other
large cities in Japan's homeland on
greater and greater scales has no
doubt convinced her leaders that they
have little time to lose in taking steps
toward peace. 1t can also be reasonably
assumed that they see in Stain the
most effective and powerful man through
whom to approach the Allies. If Stain
declines to play this role, then Japan
can still fall back on the neutrality
issue.
In seeking Stalin's hand Japan will
have no difficulty in presenting tempt
ing acknowledgement which may
tally with his own view. Is it wild
fancy to envisage the time when Soviet
influence may extend from Berlin to
Evening star., 1945-06-10
By Joseph II. Baird

The dispute between the two powers
became so serious that in the summer
of 1912 Washington was called on to
mediate.
In the summer of 1943, new elections
were held in the two Arabic countries.
Naturally, both the French and British
worked for the selection of candidates
favorable to their own nations. AS q
result, they Cancelled out each others
influence and Congress regarded here
as independence minded" was chosen
The officials now governing the two
countries are demanding all authority
not delegated to the Allies to protect
their military position in the Near East
Specifically, this includes control of
revenues, incorporation into the local
government of all officials now under
the French, and a change in the status
of the French delegation from an
authority to that of diplomatic mission
In the maze of war news, little at
tention had been paid by the American
press to the situation in Syria and
Lebanon until the recent armed clashes.
However, it is learned now that for
more than year Mr.. Churchill has
given frequent warnings to Gen de
Gaulle to avoid the very crisis which has
occurred.
French Demand Base.
The present trouble, according to we'll
informed sources, was precipitated
mainly by Frances demand for a naval
base in Syria. just why France, at this
particular moment, should make such
a demarche, is not apparent here. Dip
lomats understand that Gen. de Gaulle
did not want the base for current war
use, as the British have a large one at
Alexandria, Egypt which is available to
all Allied warships in emergencies. The
French base was to be constructed after
the war
Another issue arose over Frances de-
mand for continued control of the school
system in Syria and Lebanon. Yet an
other dispute centered around the
Syrian state army of approximately
$4,000 men, now offlcered by the French
which the Arabs wished to make a
thoroughly national force.
Gen, de Gaulle's positive policy in
Syria and Lebanon was adopted at the
very moment when the pan Arabic
movement had reached high degree
of intensity.
Arabs Turn Toward Each Other.
According to diplomatic sources who
know the Arab world we'll, the peoples
OF the Near East have. during recent
years, felt an increasing need for a
common economic solidity and culture.
The war has accentuated this feeling,
inasmuch as it has demonstrated the
need for an exchange of goods among
such countries as Syria, Iraq, Iran and
Evening star., 1945-06-10
Soldier Asks FurIouqh,
Gets Discharge Instead
BY the Associated Press.

BY the AsSoclated Press.
TONOPAH, Nev.-When several days
went by without action on his request
for a furlough M/Sergt. Otto Vanek
of Berwyn, ILL.,, took the matter up
with the personnel office of the Tonopah
Army Air Field.
1--WE tore that up" clerk told the
sergeant. Then noting his dismayed
look the clerk added: Your overseas
service makes you eligible for . dis
charge. We're going to send you On Z
permanent furlough."
Evening star., 1945-06-10

(See BROWN, Page C.12)
Detroit evening times., 1945-02-13
Mrs. A. 6. Wilson
EndoWs School

WALLINGFORD, Conn. Fen T.
(INS) DIR, George c. ST. John.
head master Of the Choatc School
announced today tha, Mrs. Alfred
G Wilson Of Detroit had presented
the school with a gift Of S23OOO0
10 endOw a manual training pro-
gram IN memory Of her son, the
late Daniel George Dodge
Daniel son of tho tate John r
Dodge va, drowned Aug l5. 1898
age. 2l while he and IN, bride Of
l3 days were honeymOoning in
Canada His enthusiasm for ma
ChlncIy while at Choaie lcd 10 a
revival of the school S manual
training program
Mrs Wilson sad
II am convinced that II j. in
the highest national interest that
our great independent prepara-
tory sc hools he perpetuated.
Their preservation can only he
assured by providing them with
adequate Rndsa rrrnt funds