davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-07
The Atom in War and in Peace

which the knowledge that is now
ours, depending on its use, can be
either the worlds undoing or its
salvation.
In the long term sense at least,
militarily, socially, economically and
not improbably politically as well,
the atomic bonnb obviously means
that the human race faces the pros
pect Of having to make profound
changes in its habits of thought.
The secrets of the weapon, accord
ing to President Truman. will be
kept among the British. the Cana
dams and ourselves as long as that
seems necessary, but scientists else
where, with or without Information
from us. will still be able to develop
it in the years to come. Clearly. as
never before since the beginning of
world history, nations have here at
their disposal means of destruc-
ton so terrifying, so complete, so
appallingly effective that should
they ever again war among them
selves they will invite their own
obliteration.
Beyond it's military meaning,
moreover, the development of the
atomic bomb marks the opening up
of an entirely new source of energy.
To appreciate what this can mean
we have only to keep in mind what
happened to our world when coal,
petroleum and falling water came
into use as generators of power.
President Truman says that in time
the atom can be counted upon to
supplement" these bases of our
civilization, but conceivably-in very
large measure-it may even replace
them. In 1889, after the historic
experiment with uranium had sue
ceeded, it was suggested by the best
OF scientists that in the twenty-first
century-which Is only about fifty
years away-a pound of the new
atomic fuel would be enough to
drive a great ship like the Queen
Mary back and forth across the
Atlantic several times. The implica-
tons here are clear: Sooner or later,
the triumph of mans genius at Oak
Ridge and Richland is going to have
an effect of the most far-reaching
kind on the economic and social
structure of peoples everywhere.
1t is not for nothing, therefore,
that President Truman plans to ask
Congress to establish a commission
to control atomic power. From the
standpoint Of war and peace alike,
the atom today suddenly confronts
us with a new age pregnant with
strange new problems of the gravest
sort. We have tortured Nature until
it has been forced to yield one OF its
deepest and most forbidding secrets.
1t remains for us now, lest we tor
ture ourselves, to match this vastly
expanded knowledge with wisdom
great enough to make us use it we'll
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-07
The Beach

We heard the poices OF children
From the island OF summer.
In the smooth scdues OF June and July
Their poices rose In golden nurmur
Under the sounding board OF the sky.
The words they said are lost, but neuer
forgotten,
Syudbles traced IN the first frost
OF the season that tolloDs.
The houses they built from the sand
In the ,pdter,s luminous shallows
Are leueled and gone tDhere the hand
lies palm apward,
Receiping the sun like gift -. and
the ipind's kiss.
Here phere the miniature maiden and
man
Broke Nth 4heir running the sed-crdss.
There Is no sound to break the careful
noon,
Though the sdnae winds pass and Yepdss.
SARAvAN ALSTYNE ALLEN.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-07

permitted to return to their families.
One of the biggest problems facing
AMG Is to make civilians as self
tanning as possible. This is complicated
at present by the necessity for moving
many civilians to areas which normally
are not very productive, which will
probably result in the AMG having to
put large sections Of the civilian popu-
lation on permanent food allowance.
It is calculated that the present diet
of rice, soy beans, fats, sugar. salt and
evaporated milk will cost the United
States about seven cents day person.
Thus it would cost $4,000 daily to feed
Okinawas 100000 civilians and require
the full services of six Liberty ships
yearly to haul food from the States.
While food is a major problem, 1t is
fraught with none OF the implications
or pitfalls that attend the restoration
of education.
I visited a large native school con-
Quoted by native teachers who five
months ago were teaching the same
youngsters Shinto militarism and to
bow each morning in the direction Of the
Imperial Palace in Tokyo.
Today these same teachers are teach
ing elementary education In the Okin-
avian tongue, normal calisthenics, and a
few words Of English which they them
selves learned the night before In classes
conducted by the local camp COM
mandant.
All textbooks have been conflscated
and classes necessarily are very elemen-
tary. Yet 1t Is easy to see that beaming
school children. drinking in the novelty
Of the new supervision and the glamour
OF American troops, are receiving in
doctrination with far greater implica-
lions than mere acquisition Of the three
conventional RS.
So far, the military government on
Okinawa is strictly Q stopgap based
on the necessity for keeping people out
Of the way Of the conduct Of the war
The A6G Is hampered by lack Of any
long-range United States policy to which
the ofiicials can hitch their present Job
on okinawa. And until such policy Is
forthcoming they will continue more or
less fumbling In the dark, leaving re-
sponsibility for the first contact with
enemy civilians to the individual oficsrs
who run the camps.
utoeth American NswsDaSef Aiiiaaes.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-07

Last year Congress approved Amer
ica,s participation in the United Nations
Relief and Rehabilitation Administration
and about $500. 000,0 600 Of the American
taxpayers money was made available as
this country's share In this Good Samar-
itan work.
But in order to keep vital necessities
from being used for political purposes
to foster the fortunes Of the new Euro
pean dictators, Congress provided that
their distribution be supervised by offi-
cials not connected In any way with
politics in the countries where the
ofIicials were supposed to operate.
Congress provided further that there
should be no discrimination In the dis
tribution Of food and clothing against
any individual, regardless Of his political
views, creed or race.
The American legislators sincerely be-
lieved that the provisions OF the law
passed by Congress would be scrupu-
lousy respected by the governments OF
the nations which need American assist
ance 50 desperately.
American officials who have been sent
as regional supervisors in Yugoslavia re-
port to washington that they are being
held as virtual prisoners in the places
where they have been assigned and are
denied the right to move even within
a few miles from their assigned posts to
see how the food, clothing and medical
supplies from the United States are being
distributed.
Outside the military and civilian
oflicials, no native is allowed to talk to
them. The ONZA tYugoslav branch OF
the Russian NKVD) has sent word that
those civilians who endeavor to contact
the American and British UNRRA off,
cials will be punished. The record of
the ONzA is well known by the popula-
ton and nobody dares break its rules.
If an American or British official
wants to travel even a short distance to
report on the distribution Of the sup
plies, he must ask special permission
from the military authorities of the
area They in turn ask the OzNA for a
specific report whether or not such a
trip is essential, and on the basis Of
such q report the request receives con-
sideration.
The main centers of distribution are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-07
AMG on Okinawa
By Gordon Walker,
Christian Science Monitor Correspondent

OKINAWA.-After touring q number
OF civilian camps here, 1t Is clear that
the American military government Is
50 far treading q tightrope between
humanitarianism and necessary stern
ness toward so-called enemy nationals.
1t is actually still too early to draw
any sweeping conclusions about the eff
feet Of AMG on the people. But If the
first four months on Okinawa can be
taken as . yardstick for future military
government IN Japan proper, the En-
peror's subjects probably will get better
treatment than they now are receiving
from their own government.
Just what broad detectives will be
followed by the military administration
in Japan proper will, Of course, depend
upon the ultimate surrender terms. But
in lieu Of such terms, AMG is at present
gradually formulating general rules Of
procedure based on experience gained
here.
So far, 1t can be forecast that the
Japanese people will be figuratively
beaten on the head and slapped on the
back. They will be subject to military
discipline and military summary court
trial no matter how anachronistic 1t
may be in democratic society.
4
They will be wrenched from all ma
tionalistic institutions. And, Is in any
military administrative setup, they will
be subject to the whims Of the military
government oficials who happen to b
on the spot.
No former civil OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
have been reinstated, largely because
most preinvasion oficials were evac-
uated to Japan. Minor administrative
functions, such as food rationing and
representation before AM0 camp al.
thorities, is intrusted to the "hancho,'
who may be the headmAn OF village
or section thereof. This relieves AMG
Of q great amount Of detail and at the
same time gives the people feeling OF
some responsibility.
Native industries are revived and en-
couragcd, recreational facilities are pro-
vided for children, and reasonably well
run orphanages shelter the usually high
quota Of parentless youngsters.
Men Of military age. after being
carefully screened, are confined IN
stockades By night and placed Ia work
parties ~ day. But once they have
proved themselves trustwofthy, they are
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-07
Sounds a Bit Cynical

To the Editor Of The Star:
If there had been no First World War,
the world would not have the blessings
of Communism-and its near relatives
Fascism and Naziism. If there had been
no Second World War, Poland and other
countries of Eastern Europe would not
be enjoying collectivism. Britain would
not have a Socialist government and
other countries Of Europe would not be
revelling in the rise Of the common
man"
Isn't It utterly silly to think Of stop
ping war when 50 obviously what we
need is bigger and more terrible warsa
At the present rate Of rapid progress
toward the bright, new world" few
more bigger and worse wars ought to
bring mankind to perfection.
Some are cynical enough to think
that the bright, new world will be .
world full Of perfect Ananias', but it will
take at least another war or two to
make that level Of accomplishment
universal. However. we are well on the
way. AUGUST T. WELvEN.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-07
TrilIion-DolIor Folly
From the Minneapolis star-Journal.

-N~~~~~~~A~~S"kSAAS
Best available estimates on the cost
OF World War II to date are that man.
kind has blown up, sunk or otherwise
destroyed uselessly at least one trillion
dollars worth Of its real wealth.
The fgure divides roughly In half be-
tween amounts spent on ornaments and
property destroyed incidental to the
lighting. It does not, of course, include
postwar relief and rehabilitation ex-
penses and such indirect costs, utterly
unassessable, as will yet arise from our
economic disruption. Obviously, it does
not attempt to place value on the lives
and sufferings Of human beings.
1t is, in short, just the minimum.
round-number, cash price Of mans con-
tinued failure to organize world society
sensibly.
We said "minimum"-the cost Is still
going up at the. rate Of more than 200
million dollars q day for America alone.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-07
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

The death of Senator Hiram johnson
Of California has removed from the
Senate one Of the great liberals Of the
Theodore Roosevelt-Bull Moose days.
He will, however, be longer remembered
as an implacable foe Of internationalism
for the United States-one of the men
who helped to keep the country out of
the old League Of Nations, and who OPP
posed the adherence of this country to
the new United Nations. He was twice
elected Governor Of his State. He ran
with Theodore Roosevelt as vice presi-
Dental candidate when Roosevelt sought
to regain the presidency in 1912. His
1916 has been credited with bringing
about the reelection Of woodrow Will
son as President.
In 1920 he was himself candidate
for the Republican nomination for
President, and along with Gen. Leonard
Wood and Gov. Lowden Of Illinois, tied
the national convention into a knot
until the leaders picked Warren G.
Harding as a compromise candidate.
This was Hiram Johnson's last chance
for the presidency. Even so, he might
have become President had he been
willing to accept a vice presidential
nomination with either Wood, Senator
Knox Of Pennsylvania or Harding him
self. The last two died within the four
year presidential term. Wood died in
1927. johnson, had he been Vice Presi-
dent, would have stepped into the White
House. He refused, however, to COM
promise. He served for 20 years In the
Senate.
Mr.. Johnson's present term as Sena-
tor expires In January, 1947, and had he
lived, he planned to run again next
year. His death throws the field wide
open. First, for Republicans who may
be appointed to I'LL the senatorial va
cancy until after the 1916 elections, and
second, for the nomination. both Re-
publican and Democratic, next year.
Gov. Warren undoubtedly could have
both the appointment and the nomina-
ton; the first by resigning and having
himself appointed to the Senate, and
the second by becoming candidate.
Unless he has changed his mind in the
last month, Gov. Warren prefers to re-
tain his present office and seek re-elec-
ton as Governor.
The first move will be Gov. Warren's
for 1t Is his duty to see that the va
cancy in the Senate Is filled by appoint
ment. 1t. Gov. Houser, also Repub-
hcan, would, according to reports, give
his eye teeth for the job. He ran as
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-07
Letters to The Star
Spokesman for Women's Clubs
Discusses Industrial Home

To the Editor Of The Star:
The District Of Columbia Federation
Of Women's Clubs. which brought into
the open the dreadful conditions pre-
vailing in the Industrial Home School
and which The Star, made the subject
Of a thorough investigation, Is contin-
uing its fight to see that something
constructive is done at once to remove
this disgraceful and demoralizing apol-
ogy which seems the best the District
has to offer for the training and re-
Mobilization Of our children.
The proposed move to Macarthur
boulevard takes away from these I'M
fortunates much Of the little they have
nowhere will be no swimming pool,
much less ground and so, probably, no
garden and little outdoor recreation.
The Board Of Public Welfare Is con-
cerned with an overall plan" to cost
between eight and nine millions. At
the present rate Of about 100000 .
year, this we'll may take 80 years and
by that time there will be need to start
all over again.
The plan of the Commissioners seems
a sane one-to take these children into
a clean and decent environment, such
as Muirkirk, which can be renovated
at moderate cost, and then 90 to Con-
gress and get the appropriation for an
expert to plan new group OF suitable
buildings.
II this does not seem feasible, then
the present institution should be put
into decent shape. Congress Is willing
to give the necessary funds, once the
citizens present reasonable plan, but
a chimerical, vague proposal which pre-
sents no figures for either land or build
ings certainly cannot get results.
1t might be well to farm these chill
dren among the several States along
the Eastern Seaboard where modern,
well-planned institutions already are
in operation and where the children are
being trained into becoming valuable
citizens mainly because of centralized
authority, not the scrambled set-up we
have here. Mrs. Hasley's idea Of en-
listing the aid Of the citizens Is one
which certainly should bear fruit. Both
the Federation Of Women's Clubs and
the Federation of Citizens Associations
are going to stay in the fight until, as
your editorial states, some constructive
and beneficial steps are taken"
1t is hoped that the Commissioners
will prevent this move to Macarthur
boulevard, knowing that the District
Federation of women's Clubs has died.
icated itself to obtaining the needed ap-
preparations for new buildings under
the leadership Of its president, Mrs.
Gertrude Parks.
LESLIE B. WRIGHT,
Chairman Of Legislation, D. c. Fed
Grafton OF Women's Clubs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-07
Churchill's Debt to Labor
To the Editor OF The Star:

To the Editor OF The star:
think that H. B. Bradfords recent
letter to The Star, in which he con-
dennis the labor movement for ousting
Churchill, shows distorted view and
an ignorance Of the many factors which
Influenced the British electors.
Mr.. Bradford should remember that
Churchill himself has stated on many
occasions that he could not have carried
on the onerous task of leadership had 1t
not been for the loyal cooperation
consistently displayed by his Labor col
leagues In the cabinet. The British
people are not unmindful Of Church.
ills services to his country as a war
leader, but when he made violent at
tacks on these same colleagues in his
election speeches and did everything
possible to discredit them, the electors
felt that he was allowing his political
prejudices to outrun the spirit Of fair
play.
Indeed, If there Is any question OF in
gratitude it should be charged against
Churchill who, after the war In Europe
was over, found 1t politically conven-
lent to forget that the Labor members
Of his national government had given
him every possible assistance and
shared the heavy responsibility of di-
recting Britain's share of the war effort.
In dissolving the national govern
ment when he did and throwing down
the challenge to the Labor party,
Churchill made one OF the greatest mis-
takes in his career. He felt certain
that his personal popularity was sum-
cient to carry into power party whose
record holds little promise Of the solu-
ton Of the many grave domestic issues
now facing Britain and which vitality
affect the lives Of the working classes.
p Mr.. Bradford should take the trouble
to study the industrial conditions which
obtained in England prior to the growth
and influence Of the labor movement.
He then would realize that his descrip-
ton Of organized labor as despotic and
tyrannical applies far more aptly to the
great industrialists and other employers
of labor, who are represented politically
by the party Churchill now leads.
To charge that there is no intelli-
gence or capacity for craftsmanship in
the ranks Of the labor movement Is to
imply that the members Of Churchill's
party have monopoly Of these qualifi-
cations. This, Of course. is absurd.
MRSJ A. M. PINK.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-07

If the essential courage as well as
the specific trustworthiness of hui
mainly needs proving, let it be re-
membered that it was a man who
invented the alarm clock.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-07

Ten Washington messenger girls,
at the request of WPB, are testing
the wearing qualities of shoes
treated with asphalt. These are
the times that try women's soles.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-08-07

But Dollars Grow on Trees
To the Editor Of The Star:
Your report that In July some Is
billion gallons Of rain fell on the Dis
trict contains one drop Of comfort. 1t
is that other things than dollars are
counted in billions. il.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-11-16
Try Making Cough
Syrup at Home.
Quick Relief
Saves Big Dollars. No Cookin

Saves Big Dollars. No Cooking.
No matterwhat you usually use for
coughs due to colds, you'll be more
than surprised when you make up
this simple home mixture and give
it a trial. You'll wonder why you
never used it before. It certainly
does the work in hurry.
Make syrup by stirring 2 cups OF
granulated sugar and one cup OF
water few moments, until dis
solved. No cooking Is needed-it's no
trouble at all. Or you can use corn
syrup or liquid honey, If desired.
Get from your druggist ~ ounces
Of Pinex. Pour this into pint bottle
and fill up with your syrup. This
makes full pint-a family supply
and gives you about four times as
much for your money. 1t tastes fines
and never spoils. Children love it.
And for quick action, you've never
seen it's superior. It loosens the
phlegm, soothes the irritated MEM
branes, eases the soreness. makes
breathing easier, and let's you sleep.
Pinex is special compound OF
proven ingredients, in concentrated
form. q famous reliable soothing
agent for throat and bronchial irri:
tations. Money refunded If it doesn't
please you in every way.-Adv.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-11-16

THREE balls of cotton are all
4 you need to crochet this easy
to-make pineapple" design. It
measures 16 inches across and is
a charming combination of pine
apple motifs, palm leaves grouped
around center diamond design.
To obtain complete crocheting instruc.
tons for the Pineapple Dolly pattern No.
5186) send 16 cents in coin, your name,
address and the pattern number.
Send your order to:
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-11-16
G.alEM>
Ee1zzsz
LhHMMpr -
What the World Needs More
Than Atomic Bomb Defenses

l. Fewer diplomats, greaseballs,
smarty-pants and politicians and
more straight shooters, educators
and evangelists.
2. Less dependence on Big Threes
and the Big Elves and more de-
pendence on the Big Ten Command
ments).
3. A general realization that MOTH
ing can happen at London, Moscow
or San Francisco that can be as inn
portant as what happened at Bethle-
hem.
A. Less concern about the atomic
bomb and more concern over an
atomic faith.
B. A conservation of church, col
lege, school and fireside to the tre-
mendous job of arousing a deep and
sincere regard for religious values.
6. An "atomic" bombing of indif-
ference, slipshod, routine churchgo-
ing and of "quicky" devotions in
which man presumes to give less
time to contact with his God than
he would be willing to give to any
contact in the business or social
world.
Z. An aroused, jealous, forceful
clergy, impatient with forms and
af1ame with determination to build,
strengthen and perpetuate faith.
8. A return to the era when men
Of God were vital leaders of their
fiOcks, pounding home the eternal
verities, never kOwtOwing to thin
skins, never pulling a punch and
talking turkey every Sunday So Sum
days in the year.
8. The return Of the Sunday SER
mon as a powerful influence for
guidance, instruction and spiritual
inspiration and no yielding to those
restless churchgoers who think a
half hour in church is a strain on
their patience.
10. A consolidation Of churches i'm
the realization that none of the agen-
cies of the devil would dream Of
scattering their efforts that way.
II. An end to churchgoing in the
gimme-gimme mode and an APP
proach to the affairs in a spirit Of
love, sacrifice and gratitude.
IL. A general realization that re-
ligiOn is no mere Sunday routine,
and that its mood must be carried
into the shop, office, market place,
and home 1865 days year or else!
Is. A return to prayer in the de-
vout, clear-toned fervor of our fore
fathers in the woods of Massachu-
sets.
IA. Acceptance by every man and
woman Of the plain fact, now clearly
visible, that from this point on he
either Joins the brotherhood of man
or the Society for Self-Destruction.
Is. A realization that of all the
freedoms, the most helpful in the
world Of tomorrow must be freedom
from hypocrisy.