davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-06-16

se1-government-and independence If
we SO desire. We can't afford to make
that mistake again"
1t Is because so much moderate opin-
ion is swinging to this view that it
seems very possible that the Indian
parties will accept the plan now put
forward by the British government,
which is in effect renewal and ex-
panslon OF the Cripps plan
X \ X
1t should be made clear that under
the terms of the new white paper the
members of the Viceroy's council
which would have the selection of the
new Indian Ambassadors and Ministers
among its other duties-Would not be
merely the creatures of the Viceroy, as
has been so often charged by Indian
Nationalists in connection with the
present council. They would be chosen
from a list prepared by the leaders of
the various political parties and for
mer Prime Ministers of provinces
that is, list as representative of In
dian opinion and interests, and of the
various groups within the Indian COM
monwealth, as is possible, under ex-
isting conditions. If further assurance
"SiS ASSoCo pCyOAAo tAiC eC1Alo Va Vic
White Paper itself, as to the represent
ative nature of the new council, it is
to be found in the known character
and views OF Lord Wavell himself, and
the fact that it is very largely at his
initiative and as the result of his la
bors that the White Paper has been
put forward at this time.
But neither the White Paper, nor the
character of the Viceroy, will guarantee
future success in the creation of a con-
stitution for self-governing India
until the great obstacle to basic agree
ment Is disposed OF. That obstacle is
two-fold: The wish Of the congress
leaders to have the British withdraw
first and settle the constitution after
ward, because then they hope to make
themselves the leaders Of a Hindu ma
jority: and CD the determination of the
Moslem leaders to have what they
consider adequate guarantees against
being left at the mercy of such a Hindu
majority, and TO have those guarantees
before the British withdraw. 1t will
take craftsmanship, patience, and good
will on both sides to work this out.
That is why the future of India seems
to rest in the hands of the moderate
men, the men who want to find solu-
ton for the good of the Indian peoples
as whole and are willing to sacrifice
their own particular selfish desires in
order to do so.
tcopyrisht. ie4SJ
Evening star., 1945-06-16
Camera Art

Photography hundred years
ago was resented by a considerable
number of professional painters and
sculptors. Indeed, the capacity of
the camera to depict nature &C
curately has been regarded by many
writer's as the motive factor in the
revolt" known variously as "im-
presSionism, - ''futurism" and mod
ernism." Scores of artists admittedly
used the new invention from it's
beginning, but apologized for the
fact. Others defied it's alleged "slav-
iShness" to reality. The debate still
continues, and there is little hope
that it ever will be finished to the
satisfaction of all parties.
Every now and again, however,
somebody attempts to bring the
photographers and so-called "crea-
tive interpreter" together. A case
in point is that of an essay entitled
"On Art and the Photograph" by L.
Moholy-Nagy, published in the June
number of the Technology Review.
The author, refugee from Nazi
Germany now president of the Insti-
tute of Design in Chicago, insists at
the start of his paper that photo
graphy "has become one of the pri-
mary visual forces in our life. "For-
n1erly," he says, "the painter i'm
pressed his vision on his age" while
'in our time, that which has been
thus impressed is the vision of the
lens as the emulsion records It," To
appraise the difference, "one has
only to recall the romantic outlook
of former generations upon the pic
torial presentation of landscapes
and other objects, and compare it
with the way they are perceived now
-'photographically"
Mr.. Moholy-Nagy then discusses
"tl1e incisive sharpness of camera
portraits" as an example of the
realism, the accuracy, the perfection
of photography as distinct from ira
ditional drawing, painting and mod
cling. He stresses the ability of the
lens to "see" in the dark and "to
penetrate and record the inside of
the Opaque" and he argues that
"the advances In Photographic tech
Evening star., 1945-06-16

nique in recent years amount almost
to psychological transformation of
our vision"-which again probably
is an accurate statement of what
has happened.
But the camera as an instrument
or as a mere implement of creative
art is not enough. Mr.. Moholy-
Macy contends for photography "as
a medium of artistic expression" He
wishes it recognized as a power to
create emotional effect" There are
eight varieties of Photographic
vision" as he conceives them, and
they can be-should be-employed
in their "illusionistic function" Ger
tainly the result would be imagina-
tive and might be stigmatized as
reviving "the romantic outlook of
former generations" but if so the
impressionists, futurists and mod
ernists, anyway, ought to be pleased.
Thus a circle of development might
be achieved, and that is what life Is,
more or less.
Evening star., 1945-06-16
Borneo Aouin

The Allied landings in Brunei Bay
on the west coast of Northern
Borneo-on. Labuan and Muara
Islands and on the mainland as well
continue to make good progress,
with Brunei city abandoned by the
enemy and japanese resistance else
where negligible up to now. The
operations significantly expand those
begun some weeks ago when Aus
tralian forces descended on Tarakan
off Borneo's east coast.
The objective in the Tarakan
operation was recovery of the rich
oilfield there, which would yield the
Allies a precious source of motor fuel
and aviation gasoline, both of which
now have to be transported vast dis
tanceS either from American West
Coast ports or from the Persian Gulf.
The aim of the new landings in
cludes seizure Of additional airfields,
the acquisition of the Brunei areas
rubber production (about 100000
tons a year., and possession of a
deep-water port with adequate har-
Dor facilities on the South China
Sea. At present, the only such port
in Allied possession is Manila, nearly
300 miles to the northward Labuan,
one of the key prizes sought in the
present operations, lies directly
across from Malaga and is about 700
miles from Singapore. In Allied
hands, it would further disrupt
japanese communications with Ma
laya and the Netherlands Indies.
Labuan was the first step in Brit
ish efforts to obtain a share in the
great island of Borneo. a huge
squarish handbook with an area of
nearly 100000 square miles, approx
mately the combined size of the
States of Texas and Louisiana. The
reason for Labuan's acquisition in
1o46 was its position at the mouth of
Brunei Bay. the only good natural
harbor on the entire west coast of
Borneo. Great hopes were enter
tanned for its commercial future by
the Chartered Company which un-
dertook to develop the new colony;
large sums were expended on port
development, and the founders pre-
dicted it would become a second
Singapore. Those expectations, how
ever, were not realized. Borneo's
chief wealth was found to be in the
Dutch portion. which covers three
fourths of the total area. So Labuan,
after brief fash of prosperity, de-
scended to the status of a secondary
Evening star., 1945-06-16
The Indian Situation
By Maj. George FieIdinq Eliot

1t long has been the conviction of this
writer that the real hope of reaching
agreement among the various political
parties of India lay in the work of
men of good will the moderate per-
sonalities in each of the major parties,
rather than in the acknowledged lead
ers such as Messrs. Gandhi and Jinnah.
At the time of the Cripps mission, it
was the moderate influence of such
men as Chakravarthi Rajagopalachariar
which almost brought about the ac-
ceptance of that offer
Since then, there has been time for re-
flection. There has been time for many
Indians in all parties to ask themselves
whether it would not have been better
to take the Cripps offer, even if it did
not go as far as some of them might
wish, even If it had defects from the
point of view of almost any single
party. 1t Is not question of half a
loaf being better than no bread 1t is
question rather of a marginal gain,
which could have been a most useful
stepping stone to something better.
Those Indians, who reason thus, are
rejecting somewhat ruefully that had
the Cripps offer been accepted, In
dians of all parties would have had
three years of extremely valuable ex-
perience in the responsibilities and the
work of carrying on the government,
and that the developments under such
an arrangement might well have pre-
pared the way for agreement on the
framework of constitution now AS
it is, it is necessary to begin now where
they might have begun in 1912.
Such reflections cause certain loss
Of prestige to those who hold the ex-
trenlist points of view, particularly as
the moderates have never ceased to
labor to narrow down the area of dis
pute. The recent failure Of the Gandhi-
Jinnah talks is case in point. Neither
Mr.. Gandhi nor Mr.. Jinnah emerged
from that abortive meeting with height
ened prestige, save among the extremist
wings of their own followings. 1t
was Mr.. Rajagopalachariar who worked
so tirelessly and through so many dis
appointments to bring the meeting
about, who seems to have gained stature
in the eyes of most Indian observers.
In effect many of these are now say
ing: "The leaders were afraid to take
responsibility in 1912; either because
they thought the Japanese were going
to win, or because they didn't want to
bear the unpopularity for necessary
war measures. If they had done 50, we
would be well on the road to real Indian
Evening star., 1945-06-16
Quurtermuster Corps

InlS is the 10th anniversaM of
the founding of the Quartermaster
Corps-a branch of the Army which
is seldom in the spotlight but which.
day in and day out, performs the
miracles of supply that enable the
Army to fight battles and win wars.
In this war the Quartermaster
Corps has been responsible for the
procurement, storage and distribu-
ton of more than 10000 individual
items of clothing, subsistence and
general supplies. 1t has also had the
duty OF providing various services to
the troops in both communications
and combat zones-such things as
laundry, bathing and related sani-
tary facilities, operation of field bak-
cries, collection of salvage and oper-
alton of repair shops.
When American troops began their
move against the Germans and the
Italians the ONO had the task of
building up the huge overseas re-
serve which had to be on hand before
enemy territory could be invaded.
And as the invasion forces went
ashore the corps kept pace with
them, moving mountains of supplies
from Wharves and beaches to inland
dumps which were constantly
pushed forward to keep up with the
assault forces.
With the fighting in Europe over,
the ONO, through the graves regis
tratlon units, is moving and burying
the dead, establishing permanent
cemeteries and planning to main
tain them. Now. under the command
OF Lieutenant General E. B. Gregory
the corps is preparing to devote It's
full energies to the war in the Pa
clf1c-a theater in which its con-
tlnuing and growing effort will be as
vital to victory as it was in Europe
Evening star., 1945-06-16
Wars Cost in Dollars
From the Detroit News.


Latest figures from the Treasury De-
partment say the war costs of this
country alone since December, 1s4l, now
have reached $275 900, 900 900, with the
final cost of the Jap war still to be
reckoned
What is s275, 900, ,oo0, 900? 1t would
completely rebuild the entire national
highway system, Federal and State, nine
times over. 1t would build 524 Panama
Canals, or 4,230 Boulder Dams.
Wars cost, needless to say, is not to
be measured in money loss alone. Yet,
even by that heartless standard Of
measurement it is intolerable
If humanity, forgetting the pain and
suffering, the sorrow and heartbreak
and looking only at the balance sheet,
fails once more to provide against a
repetition, humanity will deserve all
that is coming to it. Indeed, 1t cannot
afford to fail this time.
Evening star., 1945-06-16

port of call, kept going by local
trade mostly in Chinese hands.
The chief handicap to Borneos
development is the fact that the
huge island has no well defined
mountain or river systems and few
harbors. Inland communications are
thus primitive, European settlement
and exploitation being confined to
isolated coastal areas. Those the
japanese took over, but there is no
evidence that they have effectively
penetrated the interior. Thus, Allied
recapture of few key spots should
eradicate Japanese control.
Evening star., 1945-06-16
Tide Pool

Ebbing ,cdters leape among TIE rocks q
curious legacy
OF inpropident sea Kte that tosrSed
too long there:
This frightened crab, the delicate rst!r.
ing Lavender dnemone,
The 0rGpe-black nlussels saddenIy
naked to the air.
And here the barnacles, moss green and
iDory in the sun,
Whiten NTH salt beneath q da,oless
noontide sky;
The hermit crab retreats tDithin his
Grnlored corridor,
The starfsh, helpless, lifts fUe- -petclled
pdsSiue eye.
Trapped for the time, the creatures ,pho
delayed an hour,
Nor can escape back to the far reced-
ing sea:
So tUith the heart that ,pdited for day
and day,
And looks noso on the fleeing years
aH hopelessly.
FREDERICK EBRIGHT.
Evening star., 1945-06-16
Zhukov and Eisenhower

In presenting the Order of Victory
-Russia's highest military award
to General Eisenhower at the latter's
headquarters in Frankfort the other
day, Marshal Zhukov of the Red
Army used words of praise that
came, as he put it, from the bottom
of my heart" And the supreme COM
mander of the western Allies-who
shortly thereafter received a STIR
ring ovation in London and Paris
and who will honor this city with his
presence on Monday responded in
kind. delivering toast that vibrated
with warmth and sincerity.
Such expressions of mutual ad-
miration are often merely polite and
formal-the diplomatic thing to do
but this exchange, judging from
reports about it. was genuinely
meant, rejecting real respect, friend
illness and trust in the attitude of
each commander toward the other.
1t is happy and fortunate fact that
Zhukov and Eisenhower thus seem
to have a capacity for getting on
together, more or less as kindred
personalities, because upon their
relationship - perhaps as much as
upon the relationship Of any other
two men will depend the inter
Allied handling of the complex and
far-reaching problem of occupying
Germany.
1t is not improbable, of course,
that the great Russian marshal and
the great American leader of the
western Allies will eventually be
assigned to other tasks, but at this
stage in the difficult and explosive
affairs Of Europe they constitute,
together with Field Marshal Mont
gomery Of Britain. the key mem
berShip of the Allied Control Council
that is to govern the German people
for long time to come. If they
are personally compatible, there
fore, if they admire and have con-
fidence in each other, there will be
a very good chance that the occupy
ing powers, once fully organized for
joint action, will get off to a sound
start in Germany, and if the victors
collaborate successfully in that re-
spect, long-term collaboration on a
continent-wide and worldwide scale
will be made that much easier.
There is no simple way of p1easur-
ing the impact of personality on
history, but there can be no doubt
that the tide of events is profoundly
influenced by it. A Roosevelt.
Churchill, Stain. a Hitler, working
either together or separately, can
have tremendous effect on nations
and the world, and in similar sense
men like Zhukov and Eisenhower,
because of the unique nature of their
duties, will deeply affect the peace
now in the making. In short, from
their individual talents and char
acteristics as human beings, from
the interplay of their personalities,
will flow those decisions that will
go far toward shaping future inter-
national relations.
Accordingly, since incompatibility
between them might easily lead to
serious consequences, it is reassuring
to note the high degree of cordiality
that marked their meeting at Frank
fort When General Eisenhower re-
turns to Europe from Washington.
such personal congeniality may well
play a highly fruitful role in making
teamwork as real part of the Allied
Control Council as it was of the
armies of the western Allies.
Evening star., 1945-06-16
Below the Belt?

To the Editor OF The Star:
I notice from letter to your valuable
paper from Representative Daniel J.
Flood that he desires that the name of
Bethesda Naval Medical Center" be
changed to Franklin D. Roosevelt Naval
Medical Center"
Why not change 1t to franklin D.
Roosevelt Naval Medical Rest and Re-
pair Center for Members of the Cab
met, of Congress and Special Govern
ment Officials"? A VETERAN
Evening star., 1945-06-16
Unity Needed
From the st. Louis Post-Dispatch.

From the st. Louis Post Dispatch.
The war in Europe was won only
through the cooperation OF a great
military alliance. The same co-opera-
ton is essential for peace. 1t is more
important than ever before for all per-
sons of good will to strive for continued
concord among Britain, America and
Russia as the basis of world kept free
from war.
Evening star., 1945-06-16
Questions About Furnishing

Questions About Furnishing
To the Editor Of The Star:
Since America has assumed the at
titude that 1t Is her duty to apprehend
and punish those who start wars
throughout the world. is she not going
to apprehend and punish those who
started the shooting in Syria? Or is she
going to construe her apprehending and
Furnishing duties as applying only to
those who start the shooting against her
and her allies in war?
J. J. SPERRY.
Evening star., 1945-06-16
A Queue Is a Line

To the Editor Of The Star:
Please tell the bus companies in
Washington that queue means a line
of persons-so to form a queue line
here" means: Form line of persons
line here.
Redundant-no end! If one wants to
be British, let's do it right.
A BOSTONIAN Gin the Navy).
Evening star., 1945-06-16
Recently, Anywoy!

From the st. Louis Post-Dispatch.
Some Of the Chinese made fortunes
out of American gold. Well, it's more
than any Of us Americans had been
able to make out Of Il.
Evening star., 1945-06-16

Deutschland Uber Allies and the
watch on the Rhine have really gone
off the Hitler Parade for good now
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-20
Preachers Hold
Interesting Meet

The lnterdenominaionai Minis
tors Alliance OF Greater Detroit
IL which Rcv. II 49, Carroll of
scott Methodist church IS presi-
don't met at St. John CME
chulch al II am on January S.
Roy. John Il. Mclean is pastor,
An interesting discussion was
Nod on the needs and oppor-
tunilies Of Ncerocs in Detroit,
especially in reference to hous-
ing.
Rev. r r. Jordan the secfe-
taly. was hack after a visit TO
Indiana POLLS and Chioago lie
made fine report on the results
Of the chu.ch meeting he ationd-
"a there President H. NJ Car
roll padded 10 throw his ir-
fueuce back OF any Worthwhile
movement FOR The bcitclnrut
and Advancement Of the human
race.
The next meeting viii be held
10 ST. john CAFE church on Jan.
~ 81 Auhin and Maple Rev.
= NJ kaielcr NH he in charge.
Officers and members are urged
20 be present.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-20
ETHIOPIAN LEGATION TELLS
OF BRITISH SETTLEMENTS

WASHINGTON (ANP)- In
its first formal statcntnt In the
more than year and two months
since opening a legation here. the
Ethiopian Ministry last week took
cogniancc OF the recently conclud-
cd agreement with Great Britain.
and declared that Ethiopia has
obtained the abolition OF The last
traces Of n regime contrary 10 her
basic and uncontested SOY eraisn-
ty7
Issued in behalf OF Bloua Eph-
rem T. Medhen, the minister. The
statement reviewed the contents
OF the agreement GRIZZLY. made
observation Of the financial phas-
cs Ethiopia stands IN need 81
financial assistance for tho re-
Mobilization OF the country. and
The Imperial Ethiopian govern
n,enf have stated that they would
desire loan OF S9.600,uO0 sterl-
ine along lines similar TO the
assistance which has been given
ly the Government OF the United
States of America under the lend
lease program the statement
says.
However tho British govern
ment were unable to agree to as
sistance along these lines but Of
teted the sum OF 5Ooo,oo0 sterling
10 be paid over period OF three
years and subject TO conditions
which the Imperial Ethiopian
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-20

government found It impossible
TO accept"
Regarding the military aud the
occupation the statement had this
TO say:
"Iuasmuch as the military sit
uation in Africa has fundament-
ally changed since Inc former
agreement was concluded. the
Imperial Ethiopian government
were unable 10 admit that the
cxicencics Of war which existed
in 1912 continued to ncccssitaic
the retention Of large areas OF
Ethiopia toialling nearly one
third % HE empire.
However. inasmuch as the
Ethiopian government have al All
times most sincerely desired to
retain The friendship OF the Brit
ish government. thcy have agreed
10 place these territories eratuit-
ously under the British military
Administration for The prosecu-
tion OF the war and for ihc da-
ration OF The agreement. 1t being
agreed that such an arrangement
shall in o WAY prejudice the
sovereign rights Of Ethiopia over
these territories
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-20

NEW YORK The men Of ns
National Maritime Union who 4s-
liver the goods TODAY urged lhe
members ~ the United Aaiom-
bile Workers Who produce ihe
bglk ~ ihc goods 10 reaffirn ne
uAw-cio no-s'rke pledge
Joseph corrsn NNi' presiafrf
hacked un ms appesl Min n
irihn'ion from bis uripn of fnn
70 George Adde's Who IS sef}lre
- honorary treasurer ~ Vie itW
Committee 70 Preserve ine 40
siuke Pledge
Acting FOR ne 10000 N
seamen Who are IN q tfot
lines and vino have scee desfA
come q their snipmaics and Asg,
made MANY sacrifices thar wi
net he completely knpnn aH
'hc ~s IS over conan
Adde'S lha DO sacrifice Nv
hor fsn be ipu great for tAe
COY defeat of a. sm
certar aedw mat all 49,
soufees % ihp Natnnal Nsi4M
tnlrn ard lis memnership afe
me disposal of fne FAN a.
her-hip ~ all times fn rec pio-
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-20
CANADIAN LEGISLATOR
TO ADDRESS SOCIALIST
MEETING AT YWCA

Alexander NJ. Nicholson. mem
Der OF the Canadian House OF
Commons. and national treasur-
or OF the COOPERATIVE Common
wealth Federation (c.cF), Will
Address a supper meeting at The
Lucy Thurman yWcA cafeteria
on Monday, Jan. 20 s pm. The
meeting is sponsored by the So
cialist Party OF Wayne county.
MIR. Nicholson has been an ae-
tive worker in the C.C.F. since
its foundation in 1882 and WAS
elected a member OF the Canadian
parliament in 1910 For the past
TWO years he has been national
treasurer OF his party. lie was
born IN Ontario. where he fc-
ceiyed his elementary and high
school education lie is a gradu-
ate IL the University II saskatch-
evan and did graduate work
at the University OF Edinburgh.
Nicholson is making speeches
in Minneapolis. Chicago and DE
troll on his way from his Sass
katehovan constituency 10 at
tend the session ~ parliament
which meets in OTTAWA on Jan
NJ.
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-20
Address BY
Chinese Newsman

Americas opportunities IN the
Pacific as seen through the eyes
OF a distinguished oriental states
man will hc discussed Friday
evening. January ~. when Dr.
Hubert LANG. noted Chinese
journalist and patriot appears
al the Rackham Educational Me-
mortal in the East-West Asso-
citation lecture series
The Detroit tribune. (Detroit, Mich.) 1935-1966, 1945-01-20
NMU MEN URGE CONTINUATION
OF UAW-CIO NO STRIKE POLICY;
BACK PLEA WITH DONATION

r,f'iou d he eaiNs nude pY La
rcr aal ine nmn - ne
'ons'fpfi} rtopram mo pol'ies.
r'rrfr aarnr vieh IS 'hr No
s'rte l,td.f ~ 'he rlO"