davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-12-29
toured Detroit war plants with
heroes OF Bastogne, and Shelton
Tapes was defeated In run for
fourth term A. recording secre-
tary Of Local 900.

tary Of Local 600.
DOROTHY ANN HICKS walked
away with four honors at Wayne
univel sity. Officers were arrested
at Goldman Field for refusing to
accept jim crow.
President Franklin Roosevelt
died at Warm Springs, Ga, and
Harry S. Truman became President
OF the United States. The FEPC
bills were killed in the legislature
at Lansing, and six prominent Ne
groes were swindled OF 100000 by
Frederick Stevenson. Charles
Roxborough and William Perkins
were named to state posts by Gov
ernor Kelly. Roxborough to Pub
lie Administrator and Perkins as
Barber Inspector.
In May DR.. w. r. b. Dubois,
Mrs. Mary BethuneS and Walter
White were named as delegates
TO the United Nations Confer
ence in San Francisco.
BENTTO MUSSOLINI killed by
Italian patriots and Adolph Hitler,
committed suicide" in a Berlin
bunker. The European War end
ed. The Ford Motor company in
s,ituted suit against the FPHA in
opposition 10 the unrestricted hous-
ing project in Ecorse The Club
Three Skies destroyed by fire.
The FEPC. called the Teans tiers
Union in Detroit for public near
ing on discrimination. Benny
Ormsby and Richard Rice con-
victed on conspiracy 10 violate the
gaming laws.
The cutbacks began In earnest
In June when layoffs began TO
hurt workers in three plants.
Willow Run began TO close down
and Packard Motors and Cen
eral Motors laid of thousands.
THE FEDERAL COURT refused
the Ford Motor motion for an in
junction against FPHA. The Ne
gro publishers visited President
Truman and presented him with
four-point program. In Detroit
George Schermer took office as
head OF the mayors Intcr-racial
Committee.
In Washington the House 81
Representatives passed an Anti
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-12-29
lowe Crawford, well known
florist Of Detroit.

florist OF Detroit.
REV. CHARLES HILL and Rich
ard Frankensteen were successful
in the city primaries. Hill being
nominated to the council and
Frankensteen being nominated for
mayor.
Aug. IA. the Japanese surren-
dered.
DR.. Henry Owen fatally shot a
masked bandit who attempted to
rob him. Young Maurice Wash, 16-
year-old school boy, was the hero
Of the Export Box and Sealer fire
which took scores OF lives.
The FPHA dropped plans 10
construct the unrestricted prof.
ect In Ecorse, ~ $500 Negroes
lost their jobs in war plants.
ST. CLAIR BILLUPS was named
as an assistant principal in the De-
troit school system.
The National Baptist Convention
ushered in September with a
mammoth meeting OF 10000 dele
gates.
A mob destroyed the home Of 4
Negro at 2722 Vermont before he
could occupy it. In the meanwhile,
Negro scabs were baked at the
Murray Body plant. Kelsey-Hayes
workers began their long strike
against the company and closed
the Ford Motor Co.
Charles johnson. young war
veteran, carried his case and
that Of all returning Negro vet
Grams before the Housing Com
mission in = public hearing.
STUDENT STRIKES in Gary
New York and Chicago clouded
the scene in October. William
Everts, hit-snd-run driver who
seriously injured Mrs. Willis
Ward, was arrested. The Kelsey
Hayes strike continued and Orsel
McGhee lost the housing suit be-
gun in January.
Jessie Owens was ousted in the
Ford Motor Co. shakeup. Atty
Irving Mollison OF Chicago was
appointed the first Negro federal
judge by President Truman
Homer Roberts, head OF the Negro
news section OF the War Depart
ment Bureau OF Public Relations,
was discharged and came TO De-
troit to start in business.
The USES endorsed discrimIn-
atory Job orders In new direc-
tives. Horace Ferguson. well
known Detroit restauranteer,
died. In Washington the Daugh-
tiers Of the American Revolution
refused to allow Hazel Scott to
play in Constitution hall.
MEMBERS OF the Tuskegee
Alumni purchased home at 30l
Arden Park.
In November residents Of Arden
Park and Boston boulevard brought
action against the Tuskegee club
The Fairbsirn hotel in downtown
Detroit becoming the largest hotel
owned and operated by Negroes in
the country.
On the national scene Lester
Granger raped the navy for
overseas Jim crow practices.
FRANKENSTEEN AND HILL
defeated in the general elections
George Edwards named presiden,
OF the Common Council.
The USES ignored the Ford Mo-
tor company request for white
males only and Booker T. Washing.
ton was named to the Hall OF Fame
The nation celebrated its first
peace time Armistice day in four
years. Mrs. Eunice Fleet, Conant
Garden matron committed suicide
Judge John Msher ruled against
the Bob-Lo Boat company and the
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-12-29
MonyRoeeMembers
Favor Health Plan

NEW YORK - CAMP - En-
dorsing President Truman's health
plan and contributing funds to
pay for favorable advertisements
were many prominent persons in
GLIDING the following Negroes:
Judge Francis Rivers. New York;
DR.. Fred d. Patterson. president.
Tuskegee: DR.. Charles S. johnson,
sociologist of Fisk university;
Judge Herbert Delaney of New
York; Mrs. Mary Mcleod Bethune,
National Council of Negro Women,
Washington. and Hazel Scott, plan
ist New York.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-12-29
Lost Leg

(Csntinued from Page ~
been recommended by Or. Z. G
Boddis Of 542 Z. Warren.
However DR.. J. z. Mcintyre.
State Board Of Registers in Med
icins and County Clerk Caspar J.
Lingeman disclosed that no
license had been issued In Mich
igan allowing Swanson 70 prsc-
tice medicine In the state.
The warrant charging Swanson
with violation o fthe medical prac.
tees was recommended by AS,
sistsnt Prosecutor William P. Long
last Wednesday.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-12-29
Tapes
Continued from Page II

Continued from Page II
ness is unnecessary. Any witness
has the right TO expect respect in
this courtroom"
Earlier in the trial, when the jury
was being selected. Davidow had
three colored people excluded. but
was unsuccessful in having a
fourth, Mrs. Anna LeGrsnd. ex-
rluded
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-12-29
Jim Crow To Stuy
Says Ala. Speaker

COLUMBUS. Gs.-(ANP)-Ad.
dressing the Kiwanis club, Gordon
Persons, chairman Of the Alabama
Public Service commission, who is
a prospective candidate for the
Alabama governorship, predicted
that Alabama's jimcrow travel laws
would probably be there 5000
more years"
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-12-29
Review
(Continued from Page II


sanity board which found Eleanor
Smith. 1914 kidnapper, insane.
Captain Charles Thomas. was
awarded the Distinguished Serv-
Ice Cross. for bravery In Ger
many, and the residents OF the
Warren Ferry area began their
fight against the proposed Wayne
Cultural Center.
YOUNG ROBERT HAYDEN re-
ceived an appointment 10 the fac
ulty Of the University OF Michigan
and the Negro Newspaper Publish
ers met in Detroit as guests OF the
three local weeklies
In February. the Navy sue
cumbed TO pressure and dropped It's
ban against Negro nurses. The
Georgia Senate voted TO repeal the
Poll Tax and the Detroit branch
OF the NAACP began a series OF
case. against neighborhood re-
strictions when Orsel McGhee OF
1928 Seeboldt was sued by his
white neighbors Miss Lillian
Smith spoke in Detroit at the Cen
trail Methodist church. Harold
Thompson resigned as head OF the
Detroit Inter-racial committee, and
a Fair Employment Practices bill
was introduced IN ne state legis-
laiaTs IN Lansing.
The nation was shaken by the
demands OF n williams and Mary
student editor, Marfiyn Kaem-
merle for . square deal for the
Negro, while the Negro residents
Of Ferndale segregated them
selves In an ali-Negro school
district. A cross was found burn
Ing on the lawn Of Mr.. and Mrs.
Paul Cabell at 1912 Pilgrim,
while tho Common council Sc
lected the lakewood district rs
the site for badly needed Negro
housing.
YOUNG EDWARD WILLS. Cas-
Tech grad. and student at the Uni
versity of Michigan, was called tC
take his examinations for Yves
Point, and night spot owners fumeo
under the new curfew regulations
The residents OF ST Clair Shores
spread and read hate literature ir
their efforts TO keep Negroes from
using the Blossom Heath club
Samuel Russell. postmaster OF tho
Alfred street station retired after
many years OF public service.
March. the windy month started
out with the family OF Mrs. Pear
Thornton OF Port Huron. charginl
the officials OF the State hospita
Of Pontiac with cruelty in hel
death. Representatives. OF liberia
groups throughout the state called
on Governor Kelly in the intereS'
Of a State FEPC. Henry Wallace
was confirmed as secretary OF Com
merce and the homes OF Atty
Joseph Crsigen and DR.. DonalC
Graham were raided by police zen
forcing the curfew."
The Common council was
swamped by crowds Of residents
from Oakwood area, protesting
the construction OF homes for Ne
groes. Negroes did not attend
the meeting. George Schermer
was named the new head Of the
Mayors Inter-raeial committee.
MRS. WILLIS WARD. Mrs Mag
gle Bugs and Mrs. Doris William!
were seriously injured in a hit anc
run accident. The army dropped
Jim crow In its European infantry
units The Common council re
jected the lakewood site.
Outstste, tension flared in Film
in school boy riots. The Detroi
YMCA dropped its ban agains
Negroes at Camp Ohiyesa. ST. An.
tome branch was given a quota
Ex-senator Charles Digs indicted
for participation in l94l race track
plot. Rev. Charles A. Hfll wa,
nominated TO run for the Common
council.
In April four eOlored els
Evening star., 1945-03-24
Peace Farley Hinges
On Breton Woods
Action, Acheson Says
Ry the Associated Press

SAN FRANCISCO, Mar. 24.--In-
dorsement of the Breton Woods
monetary principles by the Allies is
paramount for success of the World
Security Conference in April, AS
sistant Secretary of State Dean
Acheson said last night.
Addressing preconference insti-
tute, Mr.. Acheson urged the United
Nations to put aside the devices
and tricks of monetary warfare
which they learned so we'll before
and during this war ="
World trade, and peace itself, is
threatened, he said, by high tariffs
land more recent devices-quotas,
prohibitions, preference systems,
subsidies - = by which governments
force exports, prevent imports and
solve their business problems at the
expense of foreigners"
Mr.. Acheson advocated accept
ance of the Breton Woods pro-
posals, the trade agreements pro-
gram. Mexican water treaty, postwar
sale of United States ships to war
depleted countries and Civil Avia-
ton Conference freedoms.
BY the San Francisco security
charter, he said, the United Ma
tions will transform their wartime
partnership into an enduring insti-
tuition for the winning of the peace, -
Evening star., 1945-03-24

of the number of prisoners we are
getting" it said.
Outside the command post the
infantry marched by, followed by
tanks, buffaloes and hundred other
kinds of instruments of war. Oc-
casionally a mortar or tank shell
hits nearby, but no one paid any
attention.
There is no excitement, but an un-
dercurrent of worry always seizes
command posts just before a big
attack.
L just hope we get the boats i1
the water before they spot U.S." says
Operations Officer Mai. Julius w
Singleton of Morgantown, w. Va.
Dozens of young officers come ir
and out OF the command pest with
thousand assignments, demon
strating the tremendous complica-
tlons of modern war ano particular
ly of this attack.
Huge Boats Break Cranes.
One Of these is 1t. Henry L. Hath
erman, Providence. r. I. His Job is
to get three bulldozers down to the
river. If alligators can't climb the
dixie, he is to rip it down with his
bulldozers, then hide them as much
as possible. Later he is to load
them on three Navy landing craft
and take them to the other side
where they will go to work building
landing ways for other equipment.
Down on the river, cranes are try
ing to lift huge United States Navy
boats off their trailers. The cranes
break under the strain and the cum
bersome vessels are manhandled of
into the water.
Later, infantry waves carried
other 1,000-pound assault boats
down to the river on their backs
so that the first waves could climb
aboard and land on the other side
fresh.
The river was covered with smoke
and you could scarcely see your
hand before your face. To mark
the navigation lanes across the river
tracers were being fired in lanes.
In other places big flashlights
were tied in bundles on the east
Evening star., 1945-03-24
Eyewitness
Continued From First Page.)

jackets for olive drab while mingline
with land troops on the Mas River
in Holland.
known as the 18th Army's NAVY >
the sailors practiced the assault
landings with the spearhead divi-
sions, and trained the infantrymen
for the Rhine D-Day.
LCMS, which carry tax or &C
men, were unloaded in December al
Antwerp and moved up the Albert
Canal to the training grounds
where they were pounded against
banks of the peaceful Mas in many
mock landing
Also used were LCVPS. which
carry three-quarter-ton truck OF
80 men. The LENS have a crew OF
five, the LCVPS a crew of four.
Much reconnaissance was re-
qulred to select the route to get the
landing craft to the banks of the
Rhine, but they were on the right
spot at the right time and they de-
livered the Doughboys into the heart
Of Germany.
Evening star., 1945-03-24
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Mar. 24.-The huge,
madniade fog that hid Allied ma
neuvers on Marshal Montgomery
sector of the Rhine front is made
from petroleum derivative and is
shot into the air by generators that
look like old fashioned fire engines.
Disclosing this last night, the
Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey,
which developed the smoke mixture
in cooperation with the National
Defense Research Committee and
the Army Chemical Warfare Service,
said that actually the new product
Is an oil fog.
THE smoke, which can wrap a
town in an impenetrable fog, is shot
from the generator the way that
steam Kisses from a locomotive safe
ty valve" the company said. 1T hits
the air at velocity comparable to
the speed of sound lover 900 feet
per second, but instead of vanish
ing quickly as steam does. 1t remains
suspended in the air for long time,
thinning out only after it is blown
about by air and wind currents.
THE smoke is made up of bill
lions of droplets, microscopic in
size. Set side by side. 10000 of them
would make row only one inch
long. Yet their tiny size is of ex-
treme importance because it is this
very size which gives these droplets
stability, enabling them to float in
the air and to keep the protecting
smoke hanging over the target like
thick blanket of mist. Droplets
of larger size, being too heavy
would quickly fall to earth and the
smoke would soon vanish"
An effective screen of the new
smoke, the company said, can hide
a target completely because it
throws reflected glare back at OBJ
Evening star., 1945-03-24
War Output Climbs,
But Effect Is Hurt by
Series Of Difficulties
By the Associated Press.

Ss the AssOclateo FreSS.
Everything was wrong with Feb
ruary war production except the
output.
Munitions production hit higher
daily rate than in January, while
the critical" programs-including
tanks, mortars, military tires and
the so-called "hot" planes-shot up
8 per cent.
The monthly arms communiQue
Of the War Production Board, how
ever, coupled this news with COM
ment on "the drag on February pro-
duction by cold weather, snow and
transportation difficulties" man.
power shortages, floods and ''nui-
sance strikes which are bad again
right now"
Asserting the country is bump
ing up against production ceiling, /"
the report, issued last night by Vice
Chairman Hiland G. Batcheller,
included bid for support of man.
power legislation.
Some Increase Possible.
Some increase in the total is still
possible, but we cannot expect any
further gains over the present level
to be substantial as long as we must
work with no more than our present
manpower controls" Mr.. Batcheller
said.
The pressure on civilian and war
supporting activity now Is so tight
that ANY further widespread squeez
will probably result in reducing,
rather than increasing, total NUM-
tions output" the report said.
Daily production exceeded Janu-
ary and December. although the
shorter month resulted In q total
output of $4,736, 900 900, slightly
lower than the preceding 31-day
months
In three major categories-guns
and fire control, ammunition and
combat and motor vehicles-Febru-
airy production actually topped jan
uary in volume The margins were
per cent. per cent and per cent
up, respectively.
Drop In Some Items.
The February total was per cent
behind first-o the month schedules
which were drawn without regard to
weather, transportation and related
difficulties. Total aircraft output
was per cent down. ships S per
cent off. communication equipment
4 per cent down and other cate
gories per cent off.
The 9 per cent gain recorded in
the critical programs compared
with December's per cent rise over
November and January's per cent
gain over December and said WPB,
is equivalent to better than a 20
per cent gain in the daily rate of
production
The only really poor showing
was in Army heavy-heavy trucks.
IA per cent below January and Is
per cent below the first of the
month forecast" the report stated.
The critical shortage in cotton
duck now is limited to the heavier
types, and Army demands for tents
are being met. In this, and in the
Navy's high-capacity ammunition
program, substantial gains were
made.
The "hot" types of aircraft went
up about 20 per cent. These include
the B-29 Super Fortress. jet-pro-
PEELED fighters. the new two-engined
ABS attack bomber and some Navy
fighters still on the secret list.
Evening star., 1945-03-24
McNutt Would Delay
Philippine Freedom
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
Postponement of Philippine inde-
pendence until after the Pacific is
land possessions recover from war
damage is advocated by Paul V. Nc
Mutt.
As former high commissioner of
the Philippines, closely familiar
with their affairs. Mr.. McNutt ia
vors a delay until the islands get
back on their feet economically.
If the Filipinos defer the ques-
tion of independence they are more
likely to get sympathetic reaction
from Congress on rehabilitation
measures, the Manpower Commis-
sioner said in an interview yester-
day.
He saw only trouble ahead for
the Philippines if they stepped now
Into an uncharted sea" of self
government, with a depleted treas
ury and an estimated billion dollars
war damages Under present law
the islands are to get their lnde-
pendence as soon after the war as
they are able to undertake self-rule
For one thing. independence
would mean United States tariffs
would apply to island exports, chief
of which is sugar.
TT is more than possible" Mr.
McNutt continued, that if they
get their freedom now. they may
never again attain their prewal
economic stability and may destine
themselves to a permanently low
cred standard of living"
Evening star., 1945-03-24

bank and used to guide later ar
rivals.
Motorboat lobbyists Recruited.
Motorboat lobbyists, who were
recruited from all over the Army
were transferred weeks ago to han
die the storm craft with their out
board motors. One of these was
Pfc. James L. Killingsworth o1
Longview, Tex.
II had hell of a time on my
trip" Pvt. Killingsworth said as he
trudged up the bank guarding some
German prisoners brought back by
returning boats. MY motor conked
out in midstream and 1 had two
wounded men on board, including
the assistant operator. I still don't
know how l got it started again and
got to shore"
The Germans tried to mortar the
boats as they crossed the river, but
casualties were surprisingly light
for the magnitude of the operations.
All up and down the river for miles
the scene at this beachhead was
repeated.
Back at command posts, lines on
the maps ranged deeper and deeper
into the Reich as battalion after
battalion landed and pushed in
land. In this sector they encoun-
tered few mines. Apparently the
Germans had not had time to plant
them.
Nazis Gave Up Quickly.
Many German soldiers gave up
after only brief struggle. More
than $50 were lying face downward
just behind the dixie Under guards.
They already had been ferried back
across, the river. Many were young
and sullen, but the fight was all out
of them,
The Navy boats, alligators and
ducks made repeated trips across the
river. But the storm boats which
carried the first waves were left
Evening star., 1945-03-24
Pepper Charges Bankers
Seek to 'ScuttIe' Plans

NEW YORK, Mar. "a (P.-Sena
tor Pepper, Democrat, of Florida
says big bankers an New York" are
trying to scuttle" the plans formu-
lated at the Breton Woods None
tary Conference.
Senator Pepper, who spoke last
night at dinner of the New York
State Council of the Internationa
Association of Machinists, de-
scribed the bankers as behind selfish
and narrow minded interests who
will try to wreck every aspect of the
United Nations program which
affects their pocketbooks.
He added: only a militant labor
force can counteract and overcome
this force"
Evening star., 1945-03-24
TotoIitorionism Warning
Given by St. Louis Banker

w. L. Hemingway, ST. Louis
banker. told Congress yesterday the
Breton Woods proposal for an in
ternational currency stabilization
fund tends toward managed econo-
my and that is totalitarianism."
We see here" he said, 'an
economic superstate imposing its
will on its members and the mem
bers in turn adopting or extending
a program for managed currency"
Evening star., 1945-03-24
Fog Over Montgomery Sector
MADE by Spraying Oil in Air

servers, much like that seen by .
motorist when he beams his head
lights into dense ground fog.
The company said the new product
was developed from principle dis
covered by DR.. Irving Langmuir,
associate director of the General
Electric research laboratory at
Schenectady, NJ Y, and was given
its first battle test in North Africa.
1t was used in both the Sicilian and
Italian campaigns, the company
| said.
Evening star., 1945-03-24
Weather Report

District of Columbia - Tempera-
ture in high 70s this afternoon.
Clear low near so tonight. Some
cloudiness and continued warm to-
morrow
Maryland and Virginia-Fair to-
night. Some cloudiness tomorrow
continued warm in the interior but
cool along the coast.
River Report.
Potomac and Shenandoah Rivers
clear at Harpers Ferry. Potomac
slightly muddy at Great Falls.
Evening star., 1945-03-24

scattered on the opposite shore,
their purpose achieved.
Many motor boat operators said
long practice and close study of sand
table relief maps saved their lives
as they got lost in the smoke and did
not know where they were on the
river.
With the coming OF, daylight the
Germans had been pushed back out
of small-arms range of the river in
some sectors.
Evening star., 1945-03-24
I Escaped Nazi Prisoners
Retaken in Pennsylvania
BY the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press.
BALTIMORE, Mar. 24-Two Ger
man prisoners of war who stole a
half ton truck and 25 gallons of gas
when they escaped from the ord
nance service command shop at
Reading, Pa. March 10. were recap
tured by police at Erie, Pa, the Sd
Service Command announced yes
terday.
Preparations were under way at
Indiantown Gap Military Reserva-
ton, Ra.. 70 court-martial the pair
identified by officials as Walter
Kamp, 81, and Wilt Scheumann, 10.
Evening star., 1945-03-24
Help for Spring CIeoninq

Springtime is cleaning time
in nearly every household. And
that makes the Repairs and
Services columns of The Star
Classified Ad Section very inn
portant reading these days. To-
day, for example, some so or so
individual advertisers offer you
their assistance in that con-
yenient way.
Evening star., 1945-03-24
LOST RATION Coupons.

-FOUR No. RATION BOOKS in black
holder. Names of Claude W., Claudia A.,
Ne omi E., Washington, and William A.
Queen, Lanham. Md. 26'
FRED C. WRENN, RID l. Falls Church. va.
RATION BOOKS No. ca, win and Ida
Mai Waggoner, in g. p. Store, 18th and
Benning I'd. ne. 200 Lowrie pl ne,
RATION BOOKS NO. 4, 2, Lilly and Nellie
Bass, 3646 Woodley rd. NV, WO. 2187.
Evening star., 1945-03-24

Record for Last "A Hours.
From noon Yesterday to noon today)
Highest, "a, SIS pm. Year ago. so.
Lowest, As. 6 am. Year ago, "A.
Record Temperatures This Year.
Highest, 81. on March II.
Lowest, IL on January %.