davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-06-07
The Political Mill
By Gould Lincoln

SAN FRANCISCO, June 7.-Have
faith in the good faith of the big
powers. That, in effect, is the essence
Of the stand taken by Russia in sup
port of complete adherence to the Yalta
voting formula for the security council
of the United Nations organization for
world peace. The Russians insist they
are as devoted to the cause Of peaceful
world as any other nation, large or
small, now engaged in drafting the
charter of the world organization They
maintain that the veto power given by
the voting formula to the five big power
permanent members of the 1l-member
security council, like peace itself, is
"indivisible"
For this reason, they are sticking to
the proposition that there must be
unanimity of the big powers, represent
ed in the council, through every stage
Of consideration of international dis
putes. For this reason, they insist there
must be unanimity even in decision
to discuss" a dispute that has been
brought TO the attention of the council.
Otherwise, the whole chain, ending per-
haps with decisions on the use of sane
tions or armed force in international
disputes by the international organiza-
ton. may be thrown out of gear-with
disastrous results.
From purely practical point Of view,
it is entirely clear that If there is to
be world peace, the big powers must
act together, in good faith, to one an
other as well as to the other nations
- ho fo1
out of step, or any one of them. the
chances for maintaining peace will be
small The Russians have been accused
in some quarters of seeking to throw
monkey wrenches into the United Ma
tions Conference, as 1t works on the
world charter. They have even been
accused of seeking to sabotage the con-
ference and the international organiza-
ton But considered Judgment leads to
just the reverse belief. The Russians
are trying to help build the organiza-
ton but along the lines indicated. They
have helped to liberaliZe the purposes
Evening star., 1945-06-07
Jewish Appeal

The United Jewish Appeal comes
to public attention with a historic
poignancy which does not require to
be explained. Half million dollars
is the sum sought in Washington.
The campaign should be carried to
prompt and completely successful
conclusion If only for the credit of
the reputation of the Nations
Capital as a typical American COM
munity, practicing' fellowship and
mercy toward all mankind without
limitation of any diversive influence.
1t is privilege as well as duty
to give. The appeal represents the
Joint Distribution Committee, work.
ing in sixteen European countries,
and the cooperating Palestine
Foundation Fund and Jewish Ma
tional Fund, sponsoring the develop
ment of "the national home" in
Palestine. One agency labors for
the rehabilitation of Jews in recently
liberated areas of Europe; the other
strives for the realization Of the
ancient ideal Of a return of vast
MEMBERS Of Jews to the country
Evening star., 1945-06-07
A New Oklahoma Strip
ON the Pittsburg (Kansas) Sun.

FROM the PlttSburg tkanSaS) sun.
Alfalfa Bill Murray has come out
with an assertion that the State Of
Kansas is 531 feet farther south than
it should be and that Fort Smith should
be in Oklahoma and not in Arkansas
Murray has finished a three volume
history of Oklahoma, soon to be pub
lished. He says that his study of docu-
ments extends back to 1924 and proves
that the Kansas-Oklahoma line lies
almost two ordinary city blocks farther
south than it should. In other words,
a strip of Kansas 400 miles long and
53l feet wide, upon which live persons
who call themselves Kansans and who
vote in Kansas and some of whom at
least pay taxes in Kansas, belongs to
Oklahoma. Similarly, Alfalfa Bill" dis
covered that Fort Smith belonged to
Indian Territory until 1905. Murray did
not know this when he was Governor,
he explains, or he would have attached
Fort Smith as part of his State. Just
how Kansas grabbed this strip of land
on the south undoubtedly will be ex-
planned by the Murray book. What
methods Oklahoma can use to get this
land back probably are not explained
in the book. Or maybe the author Is
withholding that in order to promote
the sale OF his book in Kansas
Evening star., 1945-06-07

and objectives Of the organization, as
a matter of fact.
II there is need to prove this asser-
ton, one has only to revert to a state
ment made by Russian Foreign Com
missar MolotoV, before he left San Fran
cisco to return to Moscow. He was sum-
ming up the results of the first phase
OF the conference in this statement He
compllmented the work Of the four
sponsoring powers, the United States,
Britain, Russia and China, and the
unanimity with which they had agreed
to fundamentals. He called attention
to the fact that the charter amend
ments agreed to by them provided for
an observance of the principles of JUS
tice and international law an addition
to Dumbarton Oaks agreements, the
working paper of the conference. He
said also that these amendments con-
tained reference to the necessity of re-
specting the principles of equality and
self-determination of nations, to which
he said. the Soviet Union has always
attached first rate Importance.
Admiral William H. Stanley. retired,
former Ambassador to Russia, in an in
terview given at La Misa Calf, added
his testimony that Russia is anxious
for peaceful world, saying he was con-
vinced that Marshal Stain is honest in
his desire to cooperate in asworld peace
organization. He insisted Russia would
not jeopardize the formation of such an
organization. And he concluded: IT
am certain that Russia is just as de-
ternined to establish peace through
collective security as any other nation"
The admiral, however, did not over
look the fact that Russia is taking a
realistic view of the world situation:
That she is bent particularly on pro-
tecting her own security; that she is
intent on encouraging sympathetic gov
ernments in those areas where she has
influence. In other words. Russia wished
to be shown that the new world organ
ization can and will function effectively
and justly for peace before making more
concessions. In that attitude Russia
undoubtedly will be joined by the United
States, Britain and other powers.
Evening star., 1945-06-07
Almost But Not Quite

The latest report on Hitler still
leaves the subject of his death open
to tantalizing doubt. According to
a high Russian military source. a
charred body found in the ruins of
Berlin has been identified as being
almost certainly" the Fuehrer's
But almost" is not enough. 1t is a
qualification much too broad to give
us the satisfaction of being abso-
lutely sure.
The same Russian does not use it
in connection with Goebbels. Goeb-
bells is dead. he says-as dead as
Himmler. But as for Hitler. there
is that one word-that almost
which means that the world cannot
consider him definitely gone. Per-
haps something will turn up one of
these days-some final bit of incon-
trovertible evidence - settling the
matter beyond the shadow of conjec-
ture. Until then. however. we shall
have to feel that there is at least
some possibility that he remains
alive and that he may have fled, as
Pastor Niemoeller suggests, to far
away Japan or to some similar last
refuge.
In all probability, of course. he
is dead. but as long as we can be
only almost" certain of that. the
persistent little doubt will not down
and will keep rising to ask us, "Is he,
really?" "Are you sure?" In our own
folklore we have the case of John
Wilkes Booth. There are Americans
who do not believe even to this day
that it was he who was killed in
Garrett's barn. Certainly, in Hit
ler's case, unless the body can be
positively and unqualifiedly identi-
fed, the chances are far greater that
years from now people will still be
arguing that he never died in Berlin.
This should be particularly true
of the Germans. who have a legend
that Frederick "Barbarossa," Holy
Roman emperor Of the 18th century.
Evening star., 1945-06-07
This Changing World
By Constantine Brown

A new wave of optimism has risen in
the State Department in the last "a
hours. The prospects of breaking the
deadlock at San Francisco are said to
be brighter than ever.
According to usually reliable sources,
it appears that Harry Hopkins, who was
sent by President Truman as his per-
sonal representative to Premier Stain,
succeeded in reaching an agreement
with the Russian leader concerning a
number OF matters which had recently
marred our relations with the u S. S. r.
1t is now hoped in Washington that
the Soviet delegation at San Francisco
will be instructed to agree to formula
whereby disputes between members of
the United Nations may be brought up
for discussion and that only definite ac-
tions will be subjected to the unanimous
vote of the Big Five. In this manner
the last hurdle known to the public will
be overcome and the conference will
proceed with the actual organization OF
the world security plan.
Mr.. Hopkins long stay in Moscow is
interpreted to mean that many other
things besides the question OF the San
Francisco Conference have been dis
cussed. His mission to prepare the way
for meeting of the Big Three was of
only secondary Importance The main
job he had to do was iron out many of
the commitments given at Yalta
Although the Russian government
fully understood that lease-lend would
be terminated at the end of the war in
Europe, 1t appears that the application
of the law in strict accordance with the
act of Congress of March, 194l, has
irked the Kremlin, which expected fur
ther shipments.
A large number of factories became
active in Russia even before the fall o.
Germany. But in order to satisfy the
increasing needs of the population, these
factories are producing mostly consumer
goods. The losses suffered by the Rus
slams in the last weeks of battles with
the Germans have been serious, and
Premier Stain is said to have expected
to have the Russian stockpile of the Red
Army replenished with American lease
lend equipment.
Evening star., 1945-06-07

Our victories In this war have been
won by the continuous application OF
concentrated power until the job was
thoroughly done. In Europe, for exam
pie, we used two such bursts Of power
with long interval of preparation and
readjustment in between. In the frst,
we landed in Normandy, built up and
expanded our strength, and then in
one final, terrific and steadily growing
assault we drove the enemy clear out
of France and Belgium and shattered
his armies beyond recovery as far a.
offensive power was concerned. In the
second, we drove across the Rhine, KEEP
right on going into the heart of Ger
many, and totally destroyed the German
armies of the west.
In the Pacific, we have proceeded
along similar lines, with our operations
growing in scope and the intervals be-
tween them decreasing as our strength
grew, as our positions bettered, and as
we broke down and smashed the enemy's
ability to hit back. The Japanese now
are where the Germans were after the
summer offensive of 1914: they cannot
strike back, at least not effectively-not
even as effectively as the wretched Ger
man attempt in the Ardennes in Decem-
Der, 1914 From now on we shall hit
them harder and more often: and the
harder we hit, and the oftener, the
sooner the war will be over.
That is why it is so important to see
to it that nothing happens to reduce
the power of our blows, or to deprive
them of their quality of continuous
application of power right on through
to the finish-the steady build-up OF
offensive effort rather than Sagging,
let-down, chance for the enemy to
catch his breath. That sort OF thing
costs heavily in lives; it doubles or
trebles the price of final success. A good
beginning Is essential; but carrying
through to the finish without a pause
is what really counts, once the fight
has started.
The war in the Pacific is utterly de-
pendent on ships-ships OF all types and
sizes-flghting ships and working ships.
The huge battleships and carriers are
the backbone of our naval strength, but
they cannot operate without cruisers,
destroyers, submarines, mine SWeepers,
escort vessels, and the long list OF naval
auxiliaries which provide them with
fuel, stores, hospital facilities and enler-
gency repair facilities. Nor would it be
much use having navy at all If 1t
were not for the use which that navy
enables us to make of the sea as a
highway for our military operations
the use of the sea to move troops and
supplies and air power in other ships,
transports and cargo vessels. Our final
object is to get at the enemy on the
ground and defeat him. To do that,
We must get to where he is and must
come In ships, protected by other ships
and supplied BY yet. other ships.
Evening star., 1945-06-07
Pacific War Rests on Ships
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot

We are losing certain number OF
ships now. That is to be expected. The
closer we get to the enemy's home Gen.
ters OF power, the more ships we shall
lose. He no longer can do us much
harm with his navy but he can do us
harm with his air force-especially by
the suicide attacks which he is launch
ing against u.s. We can expect these at
tackS to increase in number as we
come closer to the heart of Japan. We
can expect this principle of desperation
o be extended to the use of motor
torpedo boats, mine layers and other
types of short-range but dangerous
Weapons We will not defeat Japan
without loss. and we need not expect to.
A ship sunk is, of course, a total loss.
fortunately we are not having many
ships sunk Our naval construction is
pretty sturdy. 1t takes a lot of damage
to sink one of our ships, even the little
ones. But a damaged ship must be re-
paired, and that means-if the damage
is at all serious-that it must go to q
navy yard. Some damage can be patched
up in emergency establishments nearer
the zone of operations, but that is much
like giving first aid to wounded soldier
at a field dressing station usually you
can't fix the man so he can 60 right back
to his company. you are just trying to
patch him up so he can go to a base
hospital for real treatment and final
recovery.
Now damaged ship is Just as bad
as sunk ship, as far as the immediate
job in hand is concerned 1t is out of
action. 1t must be struck off the list of
resources on which the commander of
that particular operation can count. It's
loss to the Navy or the Merchant Marine
is only temporary, but its loss to the
commander OF the operation of which it
was part is irreplaceable, unless he
has another ship at hand to put in it's
place right away. Hence it is of vital
Importance that the damage sustained
be repaired as quickly as possible, and
that there should be a steady flow of
returning ships from the yards along
our West Coast going back into action
with as few days Of time out" as can
be contrived. There are tools and IA
cilities in plenty; the need is for skilled
labor. 1t takes skilled men to do repair
work; it cannot be done on a belt-line
basis
1t all adds up to this: The fewer total
hours of lost time by ships of all sorts
in repair yards, the greater the total
effort that can be directed against
Japan, and the quicker the war will be
over. Our power to attack Japan is
totally dependent on ships-ships of all
sorts. The number of ships available is
large, but it is not infinite. Skilled labor
ers on the West Coast now can save
hundreds Of hours of time in repairing
ships, and increase in considerable pro-
portion the weight and continuity Of
our blows against the japanese.
tCopyrtght 1e46.l
Evening star., 1945-06-07

The decision of the American Govern
ment to stop all further shipments, as
provided under the last protocol-except
those actually on the high seas-is said
to have greatly displeased the Red high
command and particularly Premier
Stain.
According to available reports, Mr..
Hopkins has been fully informed of this
fact and he in turn has informed his
Government that the literal application
OF the Lease-Lend Act and the master
agreement which governs it was at the
bottom OF our difficulties with the U. S.
S. r. He Is said to have urged the ad-
minlstration not only to liberalize its
policies, but also to send important addi-
tional shipments "in the future"
The optimism which prevailed in
Washington Tuesday regarding the
chances of breaking the deadlock at San
Francisco by more cooperative atti-
tude on the part of the u S. S. r. dele
cation gives some substance to the spec
ulation that Mr.. Hopkins advice may
not have fallen on deaf ears.
There are reports, so far not officially
confirmed, that hasty preparations are
being made to send to Russia, after July
l, all the 'Wherewith" the Red armies
need. The shipments can be greatly
speeded up since the surrender of Ger
many and there is no longer the U-boat
menace to be considered. Most of the
ports, including those in the Baltic. can
be used at will, and the United States
has sufficient shipping to permit the
sending of very large quantities of war
material on short notice.
The end of the war in Europe has
made available much of the American
stockpile earmarked in the past for the
war in Europe. 1t is even conceivable
that some of the equipment of the
American forces in Europe could be
made available to Russia
The next few days will tell the whole
story. If the Russian delegation at San
Francisco reverses itself on the question
of the veto, it will be obvious that a
definite deal"-the far-reaching conse-
quences of which will be seen only in
the future-has been reached at Moscow
between Premier Stain and Mr.. Hop
kins
Evening star., 1945-06-07
The Proper Emphasis

In setting up the New York State
Commission Against Discrimination,
Statewide counterpart of the
proposed national Fair Employ
ment Practices Committee, Governor
Dewey has shown himself to be
fully aware of the fact that racial
and religious prejudices cannot be
wiped out merely by enactment of a
law prescribing them.
The New York statute, which is
aimed at discriminatory employ
ment practices, has plenty of teeth.
Like the Norton bill for a perma-
nent FEPC, which is now stymied
in the House Rules Committee, the
New York law provides specific
enforcement powers and contains
punitive provisions. But Governor
Dewey plainly indicates that the
emphasis will not be on these
features. "The commission" he said,
has primary task of education in
the whole field of employer-employe
relations. The members are deeply
conscious that the educational
aspects are of first Importance"
There can be no doubt that Cow
ernor Dewey is right in emphasizing
the Importance of education in this
field. There is certainly less evi-
dence of racial prejudice, leading to
employment discrimination, in New
York than in many other States.
Nevertheless, it may be supposed
that, even there, an attempt to rely
primarily on penalties rather than
on education and persuasion in
equalizing job opportunities could
have unfortunate consequences.
Furthermore, If the national FEPC
bill is not passed at this session of
Congress, the New York experiment
undoubtedly will serve in a sense
as a test case, the results of which
will directly influence the future
attitude of Congress toward this
matter. This is another reason why
Governor Dewey is to be commended
for appointing outstanding men and
women to the State commission,
and for admonishing them to pro-
ceed with patience and caution.
Evening star., 1945-06-07
A Poem Is Born
I haze remembered things too dear I,

hdDe remembered things too dear to
store
Apdy and yet too lovely to arrange
In metric discipline lest metaphor
And rhyme 1pould stife them and
leaDe them strange.
But here they are: the quaint astronomy
OF snotDfakeS so akin to falling stars:
A cedar ,oearing frosted lace; the key
To sunset amethysts and cinnabars;
The shape.ot moonlight on my arm; tho
root
OF legends that the ancient pinds
ertol;
The arids of one small feathered fute
Splitting the crystal essence OF his soul.
These are a tetD OF dear, remembered
things -.
HotD may ! help then. Try thetr twts
wings?
CoSETTE MDDLETON.
Evening star., 1945-06-07

still exists in a mountain somewhere
in Thuringia. AS matters stand, Hit
ler may assume the stature of a
myth like that, even though he does
not deserve to live on as a respecta-
BILE superstition. If he must be a
myth, however, he will live for gen.
erations among the ghostly ruins
which compose his monument.
Evening star., 1945-06-07

from which they were dispersed
centuries ago.
The alternative to such enterprises
OF humane endeavor would be the
continued destruction of a people
which already has lost six million
members since 1888. Hundreds of
thousands, especially in Poland,
Hungary, Rumania, Bulgaria and
France, will perish Of starvation and
resultant disease in the next few
months unless help is sent to them
from the United States. The United
Jewish Appeal is the response to the
need thus set forth.
Evening star., 1945-06-07
Approves Eisenhower Reception

AppIONCS GlSGllIlOWSI NcCSptlOIl
To the Editor of The Star:
The Sunday Star Of June 3, with a
front-page editorial, quite pertinently
called for parade and public recep-
ton in welcome to Gen. Eisenhower
when he returns to Washington on
June 18. Among collateral of this edi-
torial pertinence is the historic fact that
this June 18 will also denote the 13Oth
anniversary of Napoleon's defeat at
Waterloo-the end of his career.
Waterloo is in the general locale of
the same Belgium where Eisenhower
armies ended German military power in
the west by crushing its last and, mo-
mentarily, formidable offensive, which
Won Rundstedt began on last December
10. The Sunday Stars call for a public
welcome outdoors to returning Gen
Eisenhower was apropos. Let's hope It
will also have been effective.
RIENZI B. L1kUS.
Evening star., 1945-06-07

AIiHy ouSdI NS4ulSltlOI
To the Editor Of The Star:
The House committee investigating
the food shortage reports that the
armed forces are taking 22o pounds Of
sugar per man this year, as against a
civilian consumption Of 10 pounds per
person last year.
Now, no one will deny that men in
the service should have all the sugar
they need, but there is limit to all
things. 1t does not seem possible that
they could consume that much sugar
under any conditions.
I think the chances are about SO to l
that close investigation would disclose
that the Army, as usual has doubled
its actual requirements all down the
line and probably has stacked up in its
warehouses enough sugar to feed the
armed forces for the next three or four
years. H. A. DEY.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-31
YMCA Field Day, Picnic
Will Be Held Today At
Pembroke Jones Field

The Y. M. c. A. annual picnic
and field day will start Friday
afternoon at o'clock at Pembroke
Jones Field, Adam Smith physical
director, stated today.
This affair, which is for boys
under II years of age, features
competitive participation in 50
and 100 yard dashes, standing
broad jump, hop, step and jump.
softball distance throwing, football
accuracy throwing, touch football,
softball game and bike racing.
with the winners of the first three
places awarded ribbons. Lunch,
brought by the boys themselves,
will be at 5 o'clock.
At 10 o'clock tomorrow morning
parents of youngsters 10 years and
under, will be on hand to wNnpss
simple graduation exercises of the
successful participants of the
Learn to Swim class recently COM
pleted. Meantime, the 10y" soft
ball team was victorious in their
game at Robert Strange field yes
terday evening, beating the A. C..
L. team 10 to 5.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-08-31

Are you thinking inlterms OF mol
". tinsel and sparkling Yuletlde
packages for your overseas serv-
iceman?
Uncle Sam announces the mall
ing dates for your Christmas pack
ages to army and navy personnel
overseas are Sept. is to Oct. 10.
Here are a few "don'ts'' sug-
gested by your local post office Oh
ficials:
Don't mail a package if your
soldier or sailor is on the way
back to this country or likely to
be coming before Christmas.
Don't mail a package if there is
any reason to believe your soldier
may move to new location soon.
Wait until you can mail your gift
to the new address, even if this
means asking the soldier for a let
ter requesting your gift.
Don't mail perishable foods, in
toxicants, weapons, poisons or any
inflammable materials, inc1ud-