davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-05
CONDUCToRETTE I4074.
TO THE EDITOR:

=
TO THE EDITOR:
I AM following with deepest
L interest the Detroit Times
articles on Detroit's transpOrta-
ton problems.
Your excellent presentation of
this vital problem should draw
the commentator Of every
resident of Detroit.
AS one who remembers walk
ing downtown from my old home
at Bushey and Michigan because
the horse cars were too slow,
/ have long been interested in
good. comfortable and speedy
transportation for the people of
Detroit.
We have made some progress
since those days--but not much.
This is proclaimed by hun
dreds of unfortunate workers
and shoppers forced 10 stand in
long. slow moving lines in the
worst winter weather Michigan
has experienced in many years
10 pack themselves in for
bumpy Journey on todays ver-
sion Of the horse car.
While | realize that much Of
our difficulty is the direct war
time results of an increasing
shortage Of private transporta-
ton facilities, l hope that action
will be taken 10 alleviate this
disgraceful condition.
Obviously. I am no transpor-
tation eXpert--but ! too feel
that something should be
done"
CHRISTOPHER r.. STEIN,
Judge of the Recorders Court.
TO THE EDITOR:
MAY j call your attention 10
WI a suggestion | made TO the
DSR three years ago II was
a simple suggestion, merely
that all seats in carriers be
placed lengthwise instead Of
crosswiSc. thereby increasing
peak hours load by an average
of ) per cent, with no increase
in equipment or personnel.
JOHN KELLY.
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-05
= = BRAIN GAME

Air raid wardens once in
spired a movie titled Air
Raid Wardens Can you
remember the comedy team
that played in the movie?
2-How much is simple interest
Of 5 per cent on $500 fog SIX
months? -.
3--Accarding 20 the 1910 census
Indians IN INC United States
&C The DETROIT TIMES
Gas
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-05
HOME FRONT JOBS

Here's how those on the Home Front can do their
bit in this 168th week of the war:
Support the American Red Cross NOW!
place your orders for fertilizers and insecticides
for farms and victory gardens. Transportation and
manpower shortages may seriously delay deliveries.
3-Conserve coal, gas and electricity.
don't patronize black markets.
5-Plan your spring cleaning early; avoid a last
minute rush at laundries and dry cleaners.
6-Write your servicemen-OFTENi
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-05

As TIME goes on, the estimate
n placed on the gullibility of the
American people by the late P. T.
Barnum seems to be overwhelmingly
vindicated.
A psychologist of penetrating
understanding, the circus impresario
had advance agents and press agents
prepare the way with lavish use of
gaudy posters and a flood of super
iatives.
Barnum became very wealthy
man by the mere process Of dazzling
the young and old with pomp and
panoply that could not stand too
close inspection and then separating
the customers from their money at
the after show, the side-shows and
the freaks.
CERTAINLY Barnum never
- dreamed that the day would come
when his identical methods would be
utilized in the conduct of the govern
ment of the United States.
If he is familiar with what is 60
ing on today, he must be chagrined
over the fact that politicians have
succeeded in making him look like
the operator of sidewalk flea circus.
Incredible as it may seem the fact
is the American people pay in taxes
tens of millions of dollars annually to
a horde of ghosts who devote them
selves, with enthusiasm, to humbug-
ging the citizens in all matters
affecting government.
At a time when the press and air
waves are crowded with demands for
more manpower, the United States
government pay roll is crawling with
ghost writer's, press agents and pub
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-05

The Mitscher raiders hit at
Ota, 40 miles northeast Of
Tokyo. in their wave by wave
assault.
The Japs built everything re-
latirg 10 aviation in that fac
tory. possibly four-engine planes,
too. in what American engineers
have described as Jspans great.
est airplane factory.
Another probable high on thA
MitsCher list of targets was q
Rikken Industries, Ltd. a hu -
dred million yen corporation
producing piston rings, alumni.
mum. drills. scientific. precision
and nav ga I ing Instruments.
forged steel. binoculars and op-
ticsl goods, fire hose. synthetic
whisky. fan belts, tires. machine
tools and lathes.
TT IS noted that MitscheTs
Il aerial marauderS termed the
Tokyo Yokohama road FAX
highway because OF the heavy
anti-aircraft encountered.
Along that congested 1S-mils
wornout macadam route are the
former American plans OF Otis
Elevator. Victor Talking Ma.
chine (now believed making
radar), Ford Motor, Truscon
Steel, a California oil company's
huge and modern refining plant
using 30 u. ) developed cata.
lytic processes for aviation gaso-
line, Goodrich Tire. Hanovia
Quartz Lamp, Columbia Graph.
ophone, Harley Davidson Motor.
cycle, Antiphlogistine, a one
time Graham-Paige auto plant
which the Japs bought In De-
troit. industrial gas plants, ship
yards, cement works, General
Electric, steam power plants.
and the worlds largest bicycle
factory.
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-05
Viviisection, the Hell
of Science


he'd in the uected uuoykso of gersou)
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-05
THE ROAD
TO TOKYO
BY James r.
Youn4

TOKYO cannot Withstand re.
i peated 1,500-plane a eriai
blows such as those delivered
by Vice Admiral Marc A.
Mitscher's Task Force 3S.
When Adm. Mitscher's ships
lined up for their first gigantic
dawn assault, the great neet
spread out along an industrial
seacoast which parallels in I'M
portance some OF our own
coastal stretches.
Congested Tokyo areas and 9
bay filled with hundreds OF
boats and shipyards rocked
under the hammering from the
sky.
An Owl statement based on
department information
says that Tokyo Is probably as
well prepared 10 Withstand
bombing as any city In the
world. that the mikados capital
is not a tinder box. but / sub.
nit that of Tolyo's 35 wards,
third are match box fire
traps.
Thousands Of acres of parks
and Fairgrounds and 40 street
fire breaks cannot help The
populace in an attack as was
launched 300 miles offshore by
our Task Force SO, the largest
sea and air armada 10 approach
an enemy coastline.
+ f6GfeAt targets are not IN
IL downtown Tokyo with its
modern steel and concrete build
ingS, but rather the 800, 900
one-Storied frame houses. 4,600
small bridges, 10000 one-storied
factories, 35 miles OF brick and
earth elevated structure sup
porting the electrically oper.
ated four track railway lineS
circling the city, The stea
power plants. two nearby hyO
dro-power switching stations.
and one Of the largest hydro
substations in the world
He declares the fact that we
can, name the principal build.
ings on the fingers OF our four
hands IS Indicative of the
limited number OF modern edi-
fices--
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-05
TO TIE EDITOR:

- 4 - A-AfA a Wv
A S ONE Of the original spon-
"A sors Of municipal ownership,
and as one Of the members Of
the common council who placed
the matter of acquisition of the
old DSR on the ballot in 1921,
and as one of the city officials
who recommended and advo-
Gated the passage Of the Charter
amendment, | am greatly inter-
eSted in your series of articles
entitled What's Wrong with
the DSR? ?"
Thousands of people who live
near Briggs work in Fords
Rouge plant. Many who live
near Packards work in Lincoln,
others who live near Timken
work in Chevrolet, and so on,
all doing practically the same
work There are some school
teachers who live near school
in their neighborhood and teach
in a school on the other side of
the city. DPW employees live on
one side of the city and work
on the other. There are some
DSR employees who live near a
car house on one side of the
city and take their runs out of
another, etc.
Not by law but by mutual
agreement between the factions,
the unions and other agencies,
arrangements could be made
for the duration to keep labor
and others, wherever possible,
close 10 their homes.
JOHN A. KRONK,
$40 Cheyenne.
TO THE EDITOR:
IN SPITE of many difficulties
L with which the DSR is faced,
the service, though bad. is still
better than any other city Of
comparable size.
What good Is criticism with
out a suggested remedy7 In
my opinion, there is only one
thing wrong with our system
today, namely. shortage Of man
power, which applies primarily
10 drivers. This has been
pointed out in some OF your
articles, but IL certainly has
not been emphasized by you.
In your article dated Feb. 10
YOU mentioned and explained
revenue miles" ] now note
that in the DSR's report for the
year 1914. they show that they
operated 2 million less revenue
miles last year than they did
in 1913 That, Of course, means
that more people had 10 crowd
into fewer buses and that con-
dition exists only because OF
the fact that sufficient drivers
are not available.
II your paper wants TO be
constructive from now on, why
not give the DSR the break 10
which the are entitled and get
behind this newly suggested
procedure? We all own this sys-
tenn so let's all help TO make IL
better in the future. Let's quit
grumbling and start promoting,
for more drivers.
ED. J. SOMERvILLE,
1880 Stout Ave.
TO THE EDITOR:
YOU certainly deserve a hand
Il for your articles on DSR.
More power to YOU. YouSeally
know what you are talking
about. Detroit is so far behind
other cities IN transportation
that II is nearly unbelievable
unless you are one OF the per-
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-05

WHAT Will seven million
w Tokyo residents do when
the Maruyana and'Oguchi res
ervoirs are blasted and water
ceases flowing through the
city's underground mainsy
How will they combat ty-
phoid, diphtheria and dysentery
when our bombers sink canal
boats carrying sewage and gar.
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-05

TO THE EDITOR:
YOU certainly deserve a hand
for your articles on DSR.
More power TO YOU. YouSeally
know what you are talking
about. Detroit is so far behind
other cities in transportation
that II is nearly unbelievable
unless you are one Of the per-
Detroit evening times., 1945-03-05

"Tokyo could not take the
pounding that Berlin has had"
Among those buildings In tho
Tokyo area considered the most
strongly built are the Mitsui
Bank, First Mutual Life In.
surance and Meiji insurance Of
flee buildings. the n. Y. X. and
O. 5. r.. steamship company
structures: Meiji Museum. the
Sanshin building, which housed
many American and European
Offices: Hibiya Public Hall.
hei1f Museum, the american
Bible Society building and q
dozen others.
Evening star., 1945-08-18
British Announce Intent
To Occupy Hong Kong
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
LONDON, Aug. ia foreign
Office spokesman said today that
Hong Kong is a part OF the British
Empire and We intend to occupy
it just as any other part" but he
asserted the British were not racing
with the Chinese to get there first.
He said he could not confirm a
report that Generallssimo Chang
Kai-shek had notified Britain off,
cialiy that the Chinese intended
to occupy the port. The British
long have made it plain that after
Japan's defeat they were determined
to return to the big sea base, British
held for 100 years. Whether the
change in Britain's government will
produce a different stand remains
uncertain.
A responsible American source
said the future of Hong Kong was
one of the questions Patrick ].
Hurley, United States Ambassador
to China, discussed earlier in the
year with then Prime Minister
Churchill and that Mr. Churchill in
sisted Hong Kong must remain un-
der British control.
The liberal British weekly New
Statesman and Nation said Foreign
Secretary Ernest Bevin was" un-
likely to wish to retain Hong Kong
or to regard Malaga as territory for
British explOitation."
Evening star., 1945-08-18
Gen. Hines Is Named
Ambassador 10 Panama

Brig. Gen. Frank T. Hines, who
has just been succeeded as Vet
erans' Administrator by Gen. Omar
N. Bradley, was named today by
President Truman to besAmbassador
to Panama.
The Panama post has been vacant
since January when former Ambas-
sador Avra Warren was called here
for service in the State Department.
Henry Norweb, now Ambassador to
Cuba, was named to the Panama
Embassy, but his assignment was
changed to Havana before he had
reported in Panama.
Gen. Hines, 66. is a native of Salt
Lake City. During the World War,
he served as head of the embarka-
tion section and was responsible for
transporting more than 2,OO0, 900
American soldiers to Europe. He
was named veterans administrator
by former President Hoover In 1890.
Before that he had been head Of
the Veterans Bureau for seven
years.
Evening star., 1945-08-18
Truman S Order Rescinds
Ban on Permanent Jobs

Job rights of hundreds of Govern
ment employees were restored today
when President Truman issued an
executive order removing a restric-
ton on permanent appointments
that had been effective through an
order issued by President Roosevelt
last December.
The December order terminated a
practice of years under which en-
ployes received permanent status
when their names were reached on
registers, providing instead that
they must have been regularly Sc
lected from a certificate issued by
the Civil Service Commission to get
permanency.
At the time the order was issued
the Civil Service Commission said
that hundreds of workers whose
certification had been overlooked in
their agencies because of wartime
pressure would not be able to quail
ify for regular jobs.
Today's order wipes out this dis
elimination
Evening star., 1945-08-18

held the same post in Kuniaki Koi-
SOS war cabinet, put the japanese
position in plain words.
Warns on Over Optimism.
Unfortunately" he bluntly told
a press conference reported by the
Japanese Domei News Agency, I'VE
have to face the fact that we have
been defeated.
This fact should be admitted as
it is, and any over-optimistic view
should be avoided. Every japanese
should repeatedly read, and realize,
the terms of the Potsdam Declara-
ton and carry them out courag-
eously."
The Tokyo newspaper Asahi said
Shigemitsu would act as the liaison
man between the imperial govern
ment and Gen. MacArthur's oc-
cupation forces and declared the
cabinet was working out system
that should lessen the trouble pro-
duced between the Japanese" and
Allied troops.
Despite the flatness of the foreign
minister's statement, Domei's broad
cast recorded by the Federal Com
munications Commission, sought to
soften the harshness of reality and
stressed a statement by Shigemitsu
that Japan must win "the worlds
sympathy and understanding"
Earlier, Domei indicated that ia
pans invasion jitters were giving
way to occupation jitters,' in deny
Evening star., 1945-08-18
Indications of Collapse
Of Japanese Front Seen

LONDON, Aug. 18 GP).-An indica-
ton that the japanese front in Man
churia might be cracking was seeo
today in Russian reports that 20
600 of the enemy had laid down
their arms.
The Russians drove a three sided
assault on Harbin, central Man.
churian city of nearly hall a mil
lion population and seat of large
war industries. Enemy Strongpoints
were melting away before the re-
lentless armored assaults of the
Red Army.
One force captured Chalatun, a
major bastion guarding the COM
munications center of Lungkiang
(Tsitishar), rs miles southeast of
Chalutun and ITO miles from Harbin
Columns pushing forward from
the west stormed Wutancheng,
Kailu, Tungliao and Kaitung, the
latter defense point on the rail
line leading north to Lungkiang
and 180 miles southwest of Harbin.
Russian naval forces operating in
Eastern Manchuria captured Poll
on the railroad leading south to
Korea and apparently were at
tempting to outf1ank Tangyuan,
river strongpoint guarding Harbin.
Russian troops have seized Tumen
on the northern border of Korea
and an early juncture of these
army men with marines and sailors
in the Korean port of Seishin, 80
miles way, was foreseen.
Evening star., 1945-08-18
Reds in Harbin
To Pick Up Jap
Surrender Party
Enemy Grosp'WiII Be
Flown Directly to
Marshal VosiIevsky
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
SAN FANCISCO, Aug. ia
Soviet Commission landed today
at Harbin, Manchuria, to pick
up the Japanese surrender party
for that province, the Russian
radio at Khabaravsk reported in
a broadcast recorded by the Fed
eral Communications Commits
sion.
The broadcast, directed to Gen
Otozo Yamada, commander of the
japanese Kwantung Army, said the
Russians reached Harbin at 7::3O
pm. $3.50 am, Eastern war time)
and would fly the Japanese delega-
ton directly to Marshal Alexander
M. Vasilevsky. The chief Japanese
surrender delegate was identified as
a Gen. Hata."
Marshal Vasilevsky told Gen.
Yamada:
Il have given orders to the Soviet
forces to cease military operations
Immediately on all sectors of the
front after all operations have
stopped on your side"
The Russians previously had
issued an ultimatum to the Kwan-
tung Army to surrender by Monday
Evening star., 1945-08-18
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
OKINAWA, Aug. 18.-Fourteen
Japanese Zeke fighter planes to-
day attacked two uneScorted
American B-32s on a reconnais-
sance mission over Tokyo, killing
an aerial photographer in o4se
plane, wounding two of its crew
and badly damaging both planes.
The Americans definitely shot
down two of the attacking planes
and probably shot down two more.
1t was the second attack on
American reconnaissance planes in
two days. Today's attack came only
few hours after Japans Official ac-
ceptance of Gen. MacArthur's in
structions to fly a surrender dele
cation to Manils tomorrow.
The B-32s were cruising at 10000
feet over Tokyo when the plane,
piloted by 1t. j. r. Anderson, Char
lotte, N. c., was jumped by the Japa-
nese. who shot out one of the en-
gines.
1t. Anderson and his co-pilot. 1t.
R. E. Thomas, Comanche. Tex,
dropped behind and radioed the
second plane. piloted by Capt. j.
Klein, NASSAU, Wis, to SLOW down. -
They reported hearing one Jap
pilot reply in English via radio. Yes,
slow down so can shoot you"
Our reply was unprintable," 1t.
Anderson said.
The time of the incident was
not given in this dispatch, but
apparently it fell within the 48-
hour time limit which the Japa-
nese said it would require to
Evening star., 1945-08-18
~ Will Receive Honor Medals
From rumun at Mass Service
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
The largest mass award Of Con-
gressional Medals of Honor will be
made by President Truman next
Thursday morning to ~ Army off,
GERS and enlisted men.
The White House said today the
ceremony will be held at 10 am. on
the south lawn of the White House,
with relatives and a group of OH
cials present.
The recipients:
T/Sergt. Bernard P. Bell, New
York City; S/Sergt. Paul L. Bolden,
Madison, Ala; 1st 1t. Cecil H.
Bolton, Huntsville, Ala; S/Sergt.
Herschel F. Briles, Ankeny, Iowa;
Capt. Bobbie Brown, Columbus, Ga;
Pfc. Herbert H. Burr, Kansas City;
I'd 1t. Edward G. Dahlgren, Carl
bou. Me-; Tisergt. Peter ]. Dales-
sondro, Watervliet, N. Y.
Capt. Michael J. DAILY, Southport,
Conn: SiSergt. Macario Garcia,
Sugar Land. Tex; T/sergt. Robert
:. oerstuns. Chicago; S/serst.
Evening star., 1945-08-18

James R. Hendrix, Lepanto, Ark;
Pfc. Silvestre S. Herrera, Phoenix
Ariz.; S/Sergt. Robert E. Laws,
Altoona, Pa; Sergt. Charles A. Mac
Gillivary, Charlottetown, Prince
Edward Island, Canada; Pvt. Lloyd
G. McCarter, Tacoma, WASH; 1t.
Col. George L. Mabry, Hagood, s. c.;
I'd 1t. Donald E. Rudolph, Min
neapolis; T/Sergt. Forrest E. Ever
hart, Bainbridge, Ohio.
Capt. Jack L. Treadwell, Snyder,
Okla: Pfc. George B. Turner, Los
Angeles: First 1t. Eli Whiteley,
Georgetown, Tex; First Sergt.
Leonard Funk, jr., Williamsburg, Pa;
T/Sergt. Francis j. Clark, Salem,
N. Y: S/Sergt. Clyde L. Choate,
Anna, ILL.,: SiSergt. Raymond H.
Cooley, South Pittsburg, Tenn; !;
Sergt. Ralph G. NeppeI Glidden.
Iowa.
Citations for those whose awards
have not been previously announced
viii not be released until the medals
are presented.
Evening star., 1945-08-18
laps in South China
Will Surrender in
Canton Tomorrow
Overall CopituIotion
Is Being Arranged
With Gen. Okomuro
BY the Associated Press.

CHUNGKING, Aug. 18. - The
Chinese 1st Army, veterans of
the Burma campaign, entered
Canton today and will accept
formal surrender of Japanese
forces in South China tomor-
row. Plans were under way for
overall surrender of japanese
troops in China.
Tentative arrangements have been
made for Gen. Ho Ling chin, COM
mander of China's field forces, to
leave Monday for Chihkiang, United
States airbase in Western Human
to accept overall surrender from
ENJOYS of 1t. Gen. Yosuji Okamura,
japanese commander in China.
Other Plans Not Announced.
Plans for surrender in North
China have not been announced
The national government now is
in control of the radio at Peiping,
held by the japanese since 1887, and
will rebroadcast programs from the
government station in Chungking.
The American trained. American
equipped Chinese 1st Army, accept
ing the enemy surrender at Canton
tomorrow, will liberate the cradle
city of the Chinese revolution.
With them will be one-legged Vice
Admiral Chan Chak, newly-appoint-
ed Mayor of the ancient Kwantung
Provice port. which has been in
Japanese hands since October, 1898.
Admiral Chan was the hero of
the Christmas Day escape from
Kong Kong in 1941, having led a
party of British officers into Free
China.
Vast Areas to Be Freed.
The surrender also will free from
the invader all occupied areas in
South China, including Hainan Is
land and the Luichow Peninsula
jutting from the mainland directly
to the north of Hainan.
Hong Kong also will be liberated.
The Chinese 1st Army had been
preparing for major Chinese
counteroffensive before the sudden
end of the war came. The troops
had been flown into China after the
Burma campaign, and we're poised
for the counteroffensive signal which
never came.
Evening star., 1945-08-18
U.S.. Planes Are Attacked Auoin
On Photo Mission Over Tokyo
Photographer Killed, Two Crewmen Injured;
To Of ID jap Fighters Are Shot~pexn
make Thursdays eAse-f fire order
effective IN the" hom& lslands)

make Thursdays ceSse-fi fire order
Four unes,a.. ss.e ed pony szs ] sesteraay
encountered heavy antiaircraft fire
and about 10 Japanese fighters near
Yokohama as they approached the
Tokyo Bay area on a photo recon-
6 eaissance mission.
One of the big r-engined
planes was badly shot up, but none
of its crew was injured. Two jap
anese interceptors were listed as
probably destroyed as the B-32s
were forced into a Commute rum
ming fight with the Japs.
Nevertheless, headquarters said
their photo mission was successful.
Three days ago. Gen. Macarthur
announced that offensive action in
all sectors had been halted. How
ever, he said reconnaissance will be
necessarily continued"
There have been several post
truce incidents in which Japanese
planes attacked American targets
Nearly II hours after President Tru-
man announced the truce, two
kamikaze planes crsahed into Ihya
Island, 80 miles north of Okinawa
injuring two American soldiers.
The following day; the japanese
later informed Gen. Macarthur
their planes attacked about IL
American transport" off Shikoku
They said the attack preceded the
Emperor's cease fire order by four
hours.
They also requested that Allied
forces not approach Japan too
closely until it was certain all Jap
anese forces had received the cease
fire order.
Evening star., 1945-08-18
$50 American Civilians
Reported Freed in Shanqhai

Es the Associated Press.
LONDON, Aug. ia British
Foreign Office commentator, quot
ing Swiss Charge d'Affaires, said to-
day that $500 interned Allied ma
tionals-including $50 American
civilians-were liberated by the
Japanese in the Shanghai district
August Is.
The Swiss intermediary at Shang-
hal reported in telegram that
because Of transportation and "in-
ternal difficulties" he had advised
the newly liberated persons to re-
main temporarily in camps.
He added, however, that "the situ-
alton is perfectly calm"
There were no details as to
names or health conditions of the
Allied nationals. The report said
5000 of them were British SUBJ
jects, including $50 Australians, 17s
Canadians and il New Zealanders
Theirs also were 80 Dutch subiscts