davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-11

The dominating fact in the i'm
mediate situation is, it seems tt
me, that employees and employer.
realize that with the end of thu
war their bargaining position will
be changed. This is the reason
why collective bargaining is no
producing industrial peace: the
disputes are not primarily about
the terms of the bargain but about
relative bargaining power now anc
N the near future.
For during the war bargaining
positions of labor and capital have
been abnormal. On the one hand
the draft and industries working
under war contracts created a de.
mand for labor which was greater
than the supply. On the other hand,
in the war industries the govern
ment was the real employer, and
private corporations were its hired
agents: the government, being SOW.
ereign, had the power to create
money to pay whatever it was
necessary to pay to get the work
done. AS a result, workers who
were not subject to the draft OF
frozen in conspicuous jobs, went
into collective or Individual bar.
gaining with the assurance that the
employer had little incentive C
bargain, or little power if he wish.
ed to bargain.
The temper of Congress today
reflects the resentment in the
towns and villages, over the alto
gether abnormal bargaining pow.
er of working men and women dur.
ing the past few years. They feel
it to be change in the foundation
of the social order to which they
are accustomed, and indeed-if it
were permanent - it would be.
Many of them have ascribed the
change under which they are
unable to bargain with labor as
they once did - to the New Deal,
to Communism. But in fact it is
due to the law of supply and de-
mand, operating under wartime
conditions.
The resistance OF Congress to
separation pay for war workers,
has been due, quite clearly, to the
feeling that this was government
subsidy to prolong the exceptional
bargaining power Of labor. Here
too, undoubtedly, is the handspring
of the opposition to the full en-
ployment bill: coalition of South.
erners and of Northerners from
districts where industrial labor is
not strong are in no mood to pro-
vide full employment after several
years experience of what has been
not only full employment, but in
fact over-full employment. They
see in "full employment" a gov
eminent guaranty that. employers
- which means not SO much the
giant corporations but little bust
ness men, Main Street merchants.
farmers, housewives seeking to
employ a maid or a handyman -
will have no bargaining power in
regard to wages, hours, or tn e
quality of the work done f wages
The underlying fact ito put it
bluntly - that in reaction against
the consequences of excess en-
ployment there is patent desire
in the great middle mass of the
people for. enough unemployment
to re-establish their lost bargain
ing position and to restore indus
trial discipline. This reaction is
particularly strong, of course
the war has changed the
relative bargaining power of Ne
gro and other racial minorities.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-11

There are. about 272,00O seeds
IN a pound Of clover seed.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-11-11

The Army's release of 100000 900 pounds of
outter for civilian use is such good news we're
clad to help spread it around.
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-30

So the future quality Of your
telephone service depends on
telephone rates sufficient TO
produce earnings attractive TO
investors. Too long continuation
Of inadequate earnings would
weaken our ability to meet
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-30
Simmons Raised
By Chevrolet

The appointment Of J + SIM
mons As regional manager. Great
Lakes region of Chevrolet. was
announced Saturday 10y T. II.
Heating general sales manager.
The appointment became effective
Dee 10 Simmons succeeds e. /.
Smith, recently transferred TO De-
troit as assistant general sales
manager for the western half of
the United States. -.
Formerly assistant regional man
ager at New York. Simmons has
had wide experience IN the auto
mobile business. He joined ChCv-
rolet as chief technical school in
Structor in June, 1924 Later, he
was appointed assistant parts and
service manager and then service
manager at Philadelphia and
New York.
Since 1882, he has been in sales
work as regional sales promotion
manager in the Atlantic Coast
region, serving as city manager
and then, in 1888, as zone man
ager at Philadelphia.
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-30

Operations of the "a domestic
and international airlineS of the
United States broke all records in
their history for the year 1945,
according to a review prepared
by the Air Transport Association
OF America. All categories of
traffic registered unprecedented
gains over 1914, ranging from 81
per cent in revenue passenger
miles to about 80 per cent in ton
miles of express and freight.
The increase in civilian opera
tions occurred during the period
while the commercial carriers
were still partially engaged in
contract war operations for the
army and navy both in this coun-
try and overseas. The period also
covered the beginning of extensive
contract carrying in the redeploy-
ment of troops across the country
i'm Operation "Trans-Con."
The principal categories for the
domestic airlineS are:
Revenue passenger miles: A TO
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-30
Operations of 24 Airlines
Set New Records for 1915

tai of 3,525,619,S66 as compared
with 2,246, S94 ,489 for 1914. This
is an increase of 569 per cent, or
l,27S, lbs, ,377 passenger miles.
Revenue miles: A total of 219,-
169, ,459, as compared with 144,-
240, ,440 for 1914 This is an in
crease of 51.9 per cent, or "a 4,929,-
0l9 revenue miles flown.
Revenue passengers: A total Of
6,62l SAP, as pared with
4.575,7 ,7l6 for 1914. This is an in
crease of AT per cent, or 2,045.-
S52 passengers. Toward the end
of 1945, as more planes were be-
coming available, the increase in
number of passengers was run
ming higher than 81 per cent over
the corresponding period in 1914.
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-30
Shortage in Tires
Seen Continuing

Calling the governments action
in disseminating tire rationing as
"a good thing in an overall sense"
r. S. Wilson, vice president of the
Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. and
recent director of special rubber
programs for the government, at
the same time predicted that the
shortage in passenger tires will
continue throughout 1916.
Here is the statistical outlook
on passenger tires as Wilson
sees il:
The normal demand for replace
ment passenger car tires IN 1916
Is 27,000000 castings. There is on
top of this a backed up demand.
due 10 war shortages of 1900, 900
castings and an estimated need for
22.OOO. 900 additional for new cars.
This adds up to 66.000,000 castings
needed for 1916. The industry is
now producing at the rate of about
50,000,0OO units per year thus
1edNAliS - puAtllldA SllNi idEt vi
some ls,eee, ,e9e
Wilson said that the supply of
synthetic rubber is entirely ade-
uuate and that the quality OF syn
thetic passenger tires is such as
10 occasion no misglNingS on The
part of the car owner. Farm traC-
tor tires are now being produced
at a rate almost equal 30 require
ments so there Will be no shortage
in this market.
The truck tire picture, too. Is
brighter than is the case in pas.
senger tires, Wilson stated, Here
the 1916 requirements total 49,
100000 units with tho industry
currently producing at approx
mately that level
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-30
Ed Harvey Refires
As ChrysleE Manager

With a record Of "a years of
continuous service in the Chrysler
and its predecessor, the Maxwell
Chalmers, Organizations to his
credit, c. f. Harvey, district man.
ager for the Chrysler division,
Chrysler Corp. in the Los Angeles
region, retireS on Dec. 81. He will
be &c years old on Jan. II.
When Chrysler took over Max
we'll in the 20s, Harvey was made
a district manager in Los Angeles
and has held that position contin-
uously ever since.
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-30
Pilots, Plane Owners
Form Chapter Here

Pilots from the Detroit area
have formed an auxiliary chapter
Of the national Airplane Owners
and Pilots Association. Odin
Thomas has been elected the first
president with Mrs. Ann Abel
Purity as secretary-tTCasuTcr.
The new chapter vii meet in
the Wsrdell Sheraton Hotel on
Jan. 3. All pilots are invited TO
attend.
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-30
Joins Kaiser-Frazer

G.. +. PetersimeS, associated
with Chrysler Corp. for the past
p years, has been appointed man.
'utacturing manager OF Kaiser
Frazer Corp.
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-30
Autos and Aviation:
Kaiser Model
Like the Frazer
Engineer Claims Body
Saves 10 Pet. WEIGHT
By sILER FREEMAN

The kTTSCT TdT VII Dc NCIN
much like the Frazer ON The out
side but will have a shorter wheel
base and a front wheel drive, Il
was revealed Saturday hy the
man who translated the artist 5
drawing Of the latest additions 10
:he passenger car field INTO prac-
deal working models
John A. Maxwell product en-
yineer who has shops at Il Henry
and 459 York took Howard Dar-
rims design from paper and made
II practical Tor production lie mas
the mockup of the Frazer ~ his
shop and Is proud OF what he did
with IL.
Maxwell claims that whore the
regulation auto body has 900
parts. he has succeeded In cutting
both the Frazer and Kaiser bodies
10 go. With this reduction in
parts and by using Webing, he
said hc had attained 10 per cent
reduction in weight.
USE LITTLE CHROME
Maxwell said that the Kaiser
will have the same exterior APP
pearance a. the Frazer. which
was shown in pictures for the first
time last week. II VIII have little
chrome on IT. only thin moldlng
strip, and the grille. a stamping,
will be painted instead OF
chroned
Maxwell was proud of the fact
that he had taken only four
months 10 achieve a body that
would ordinarily take a year and
a half TO work out. He revealed
that about IS per cent of the tools
and dies for the body were on
order.
Maxwell stated that he had not
known Henry Kaiser, head of the
new entry inte-th manufacturing
field, the Kaiser-Frazer Corp,
until VI Day. Conrad Rehbein,
former chief metal and die en-
gineer for Fisher Body, brought
him into contact with the famed
ship builder and that was when he
started working on the two cars.
MOCKUP READY SOON
Maxwell said that he had the
Kaiser body designed IN 10 days
1t will be 90 inches wide in the
rear, II in the front and will be
is feet IL inches long.
A mockup of the Kaiser viii be
ready next month for display, he
added. Production has now been
set back 10 March.
Maxwell and his associates are
not only concerned with designing
bodies. He claims a soda fountain
without coils which may be on
the market one of these days. He
also a hand plane which will sell
for a dollar ready for manu-
facture,
Detroit evening times., 1945-12-30

expected postwar telephone
needs. The telephone bill is so
small an item in their regular ex-
penditures that Michigan Bell GUS
TONERS want really good service
even though it might cost them
a +rifIe more than inferior service.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-03
BY MORRIE LANDSBERG
AP Staff CORRESPONDENT

TOKYO, Monday, Dec. 3.-1n
the most important single List OF
war crime suspects yet issued by
Allied headquarters, General Mac
Arthur today ordered the arrest
of SO prominent Japanese, reach
ing for the first time into the I'm
perial household and the ranks
Of Japan's industrial financial
hierarchy, the Zaioatsu.
MacArthur's abolition of the
National Financial Control Asso-
citation and completion of a detail
ed inventory of Japanese industry,
to form the basis of whatever rep.
arations Japan may be required
to pay, were other steps in the
direction Of demilitarizing Japan.
Those ordered arrested included
71-year-old Prince. Morimasa Mas.
himoto and two former premiers,
Baron Kuchiro Hiranuman and
Koki Hirota. Two other EXPIRE
miers, KIniaki Koiso and Hideki
TOTO, already are behind bars.
Political leaders, several gen.
erals and admirals, two news.
paper executives and a number
of important industrialists. and
bankers who financed Japan's ag.
gression were among the persons
whose arrest by the Japanese gov.
eminent was ordered by the sup
RENE Allied Commander.
The headquarters announce
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-03
INDIAN LEADERS
EXPECTING ACTION

NEW DELHI, India, Dec. 2.-(P)
-Jawaharlal Nehru, leader Of
the Indian National Congress par
ty said today he expected the
British to take quick action after
the forthcoming elections to turn
the Indian government over to
the Indians, or ''other people, will
take the initiative.
Nehru told newspapermen he
expected the administrator OF
India to form a central govern
ment after the elections next
spring, representing the Demo
cratic forces within the country -
Then, he said, should follow the
setting up of a Constituent Assem-
bly,.
Nehru asserted that the activi-
ties of the Indian National army,
organized in Burma to fight
against the British, and the pres
ent trial of its officers had had
the effect of bringing the army
closer to the people. Heretofore
most Indians had considered the
army as something apart from
(COntinued m Pace Five. Col a.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-03
Macarthur Orders Arrest
Of5OP Prominent Japanese

ment did not specify any charges
against aNshimoto, a lesser Prince
who became a Field Marshal in
1882 and who was a supreme war
councillor for many years.
The new list, appearing as the
Allies prepared to prosecute the
first of 259 suspects in custody,
seemed to answer the question
raised here since family control
of Japanese industry and finance
was ordered broken up: would
members of the ZaibatsI them
selves face trial?
Ordered arrested were such fin
ancial giants as Kiyoshi Goko,
former president of the Mitsubishi
Heavy Industries company; Seihin
,keda, a Mitsui banker who be-
came governor of the Bank of
Japan; and Chikuhei Nakajima,
founder of a fighter production
company.
Military leaders ordered jailed
included Admirals Soetake Toyoda
and Sankichi Takahashi, each Of
whom had served as commander
in-chief of the combined fleet and
chief of the navy general staff, and
Field Marshal Shunroku Hata,
former commander-in-chief of Jap.
anese expeditionary forces in China
and former Minister of War.
Japan's diplomatic corps con.
tributed to the new list such fig.
Continued on Page Five; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-03
SEAMEN WILL STAGE
24-HOUR STRIKE AT
MAJOR PORTS TODAY

NEW YORK, Dec. 2 -R- The
National Maritime Union (CIO)
said today troopships, Golfers,
tankers and vessels carrying re-
lief supplies would be the only ships
manned in the nations ports to-
morrow during a 24-hour work stop
page.
The stoppage is scheduled to be-
gin at 8 a. m. (EST) in protest
against what the NMU termed a
slow return of servicemen from
abroad.
The NMU said members of the
Marine. Cooks and Stewards AS
sociation, The Inland Boatsmen's
Union and the Marine division OF
The American Commune ations AS
ISOLATION, all CIO affiliates, and
the Marine Firemen, Oilers and
Watertenders, independent, also
would refuse TO man ships.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-03
That Old Bugaboo Static
Gets Lne-Saui11g Credit

ORLANDO, Fla, Dec. PIP
That radio static with which you're
so familiar enabled the War De.
partment to save countless lives
and aircraft in the Pacific.
A device-a close secret during
the war-records this static and
can locate the position of a storm
within a radius of 1000 miles.
The War Department, in a now.
it-can-be-told story released today,
said the device-which is called
static or '.sferics" direction find.
er, holds great peacetime promise.
In the advanced stages Of its
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-03
STATE ASKS new
RATES FOR COAL
Present Schedules Termed
"Unjust And Unreason-
able" In Brief

RALEIGH, Dec. q @ NORTH
Carolina is seeking lower railroad
rates on coal hauled into the state,
contending the present schedules
are unjust and unreasonable"
The action was filed here by the
State of North Carolina and the
North Carolina Utilities Commits
sion against about IS railroads
The action was placed before the
Interstate Commerce Commission
The complaint sets forth tina.
whereas the state uses coal as
source Of heat and power in the
operation of its own institutions
and departments, including schools
it also is concerned with the pro
motion of the economic prosperity
of its citizenry and with the econo
mic importance of the relative
level of the rates on coal as q
source Of energy and heat for use
in existing and potential manu-
featuring and farming processes
and in other business activities in
Guiding the development and loca,
ton of new industries and activi
ties within the state"
The rates referred to pertain te
coal-mining points in Virginia
West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennes
see and Alabama to all points with.
in North Carolina,
North Carolina asks that the ice
establish just and reasonable rates
and the roads be ordered to abide
by them.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-03
HEAVY V0TEC CAST
AT BRAZIL POLLS

RIO DE JANEIRO, Dec. Up
- Heavy voting was reported
throughout Brazil today as the ma
ton elected a president for the
first time in Is years and chose
Congress which will draft a new
constitution.
There was no immediate indica.
ton how the race was going among
the four presidential candidates,
since the official count will not be.
gin until tomorrow and final re-
suits may not be available for
eight or ten days.
A report from Porto Allegro,
capital of Rio Grande Do Sui,
home state of former President
Getulio Vargas, said, however.
that Vargas candidate for the Fed
eral Senate had received a heavy
vote throughout the state.
Vargas's candidate for President
Gen. Eurico Gaspar Dutra. was
one of two prediction favorites.
Gen. Eduardo Comes, another
favorite, had shown considerable
strength in the Federal district and
in northeastern Brazil where he
served as air commandant during
the war.
The other candidates were Yeddo
Fiuza, non-Communist supported
by the Communists, and Mario
Rollin Telles, Agrarian candidate.
Fiuza entered the campaign only
Is days ago and Teles made no
attempt to campaign.
1t was apparent from the long
lines of voters at the polls that a
large percentage of the nations
1913, 339 registered voters were
participating in what was undoubt-
eddy the freest election in the his.
story of Brazil.
Army and police forces were sta.
toned at the voting booths to in.
Continued on Page Five; Col. 81
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-03
Indonesians
Are Massiing
AT Ambarawa
BUILDINGS MINED
Dynamite Charges Placed
By Rebels In Telephone,
Rail Offices
BY JOHN BOWER
ID Press Staff Correspondent

Outcu TESS SGdAl OVHACSPoAuOHt
BATAVIA, Java, Dec. british
Indian troops launched an often
sive in Central Java today, strill-
ing out toward a huge Indonesian
Nationalist concentration near AM
barawa.
The situation appeared to be
deteriorating in Bandoeng, rs miles
southeast of Java, where British
planes blasted rebel headquarters.
Indonesians threatened to blow up
two major buildings in the summer
capital if the British moved across
the east-west line of Demarc alton.
Sultan Sjahrir, premier of the
self proclaimed Indonesian Re-
public, expressed growing alarm
over the situation in Bandoeng,
saying I'VE must prevent it from
becoming second Soerabaja."
At AmbaraWa, where some 10,
600 civilian refugees have been be-
sieged for almost two weeks by
strong Indonesian forces, the Brit.
ish struck out toward a large rebel
concentration point at BaWen,
three miles northeast of Ambara.
They also re-occupied Ungaran,
nine miles north of Ambarawa on
the evacuation road to the port Of
Semarang, 20 miles to the north.
A strongly defended convoy of
70 trucks arrived at Ambarawa,
and was to start evacuating The
civilians.
In Bandoeng, two rocket-firing
Mosquito light bombers and two
bomb-carrying Thunderbolt fighter
bombers attacked the so-called
red building" believed to be In
donesian headquarters. The Dutch
news agency Aneta said the attack
was made at noon and that the
building was demolished. The
planes were guided to the target
by white arrows painted on near
by roof and another in the street.
Gurhka infantry, supported by
Japanese t n k S, Immediately
moved into the area, and began
supervising evacuation of civilians.
Sjahrir. a moderate, said that
control of the members of the Ex-
tremist youth organization and
Extremist junior officers of the
Indonesian Nationalist army was
becoming increasingly difficult.
He also said he was afraid of re.
percusslons as the result of the
finding Saturday at Bekassi near
Batavia of the mutilated bodies OF
~ Indian troops and Raj fliers
| Continued on Page Five; Col. "
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-03
MAT KIMES HELD
AT LITTLE ROCK

LITTLE ROCK, Ark, Dec. a.
(P)-Matthew HINES, 39-year-old
former Oklahoma convict wanted
on charge of robbing Morton,
Tex, bank, is in custody at Bap-
fist State Hospital here, special
agent Dean Morley of the Federal
Bureau of Investigation reported
today.
Kimes was identified today by
the FBI and ]. H. Anderson, North
Little Rock police chief, at the
hospital, where he is suffering OF
injuries received when he was
struck by a truck in North Little
Rock last night.
Morley said the prisoner had
been identified as HINES ''to our
satisfaction" and that he had ad-
mitted he was the paroled Okla
homa convict.
HINES is wanted in connection
with the robbery Of the First State
Bank of Morton, Tex, in which
$4,000 was taken by four men.
Morley said a search was I'm.
der way for Kimes companion,
Olaf Alvin Rodgers, also wanted in
connection with the Texas bank
robbery.
Rodgers is believed to be in the
vicinity of Little Rock, Chief An
derson said.
HINES is suffering from brok-
en- left leg, head and back in.
juries received when struck by
truck driven by a man identified
as Joe Chamblee, North Little
CONTINUED on Page Five: Col. 4,
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-03
SAILOR LOSES LIFE
IN APARTMENT FIRE
AT CHARLESTON, S. e.

CHARLESTON, S. c., Dec. 2-(R
Melvin Rained Gay, 81, seaman
first class attached to the destroy.
err escort Jordan, was burned to
death early this morning in a
house near the navy yard. Gay S
next of kin is listed as his father,
George F. Gay, Richmond, Va.
R. E. Brown, a shipmate, and
Gay had rented an apartment
while their ship is at the Navy
Yard. Brown told Coroner John P.
Deveaux that he had lit an oil
stove about l a. m. and that the
stove and returned to help Gay,
heaved out the oil tank off the
finding the room in flames.
Brown quoted Gay as saying he
would get out without help, so he
escaped. Gays body was recover
ed after the fire.
County Police Chief Daniel S.
Mott investigated and said the
death was accidental.
The Wilmington morning star., 1945-12-03
TRUMAN MAY VETO
ANTI-STRIKE BILL
Representative SABBATH Saws
President Against
Drastic Measures

WASHINGTON, Dec. a. WD -
Chairman Adolph SABBATH. D-Ill.>
of the House Rules committee, pre-
dicted tonight that President Tru-
man will veto any bill imposing
heavy penalties on labor unions
which violate no strike clauses in
their contracts.
II don't think such bill has a
chance to get by the Senate he
told reporters. "And even if il
does, don't believe President Tru.
man would sign it. Knowing ais
labor views. I don't see how ne
could"
Over Sabath's objection, the
Rules committee has approved an
"anti-strike' bill which he said
was "untimely, unjust and unfair
to labor. The measure, introduced
by Rep. Howard W. Smith (D-Va.)
would:
l. Repeal the wartime Smith.
Connally Labor Disputes Act.
2. Forbid labor union to spend
money in support of a candidate
in a Federal primary or a gen
eral election.
3. Permit an employer to sue a
labor union for damages if it vio-
lates no strike pledge, and sus-
pend the striking unions bargain
ing rights for one year.
The bill was approved by the
House Military Affairs committee
without hearings. SABBATH said,
however, that CLIO President Philip
Murray, ALL President William
Green and Representatives of the
Railroad Brotherhoods will get a
chance to tell House members
what they think about it at an un-
official meeting of the bills Oh.
ponents next Tuesday,
These men have not had a
chance to be heard" he said. 81
want them to explain to the mem,
bers just why the legislation is
unfair to labor