davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-23

lected to inform himself thoroughly on English
betting practices before setting out on his specu-
lative sortie. The most reputable bookmakcrs in
England have large offices in the principal cities.
Comparatively little large scale betting is done at
the race courses. Gates thought English betting
practices were the same aSpours
With the supreme confidence of one who broke
books like a child smashes toys, Gates went TO
Ascot for the Hunt Cup meeting and proceeded
to toss the pound sterling around the betting ring
as II he were handling rice at a wedding Assum-
ing that all bookmakers at the track reliable,
he spread his Edwardian bankro around like
modern disciple of the Sharethe.Weah move
ment Royal Flush I'd, was his choice and it never
occurred to him that Four Flush might have been
the stock-intrade of some of the bookies to whom
he entrusted large wads of pound notes.
1t is still moot point in English racing circles
whether Royal Flush, ID, showed as much speed
in winning the Hunt Cup a number of book
makers, who had accepted bets from Gates did
after the race in heading for the nearest section
of fence over which TO "scurry to Wales"
Gates cheerfully collected about half of the
million dollars he had coming TO him and wrote
the rest off to experience. The traditional punish
mcnt for welshing in England is to "duck the
welshcr in the pond" In this case, Gates was
the only who took bath.
Illustrated by Joseph Watson Lille
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-23

America had a wave Of wclshing in 1923 and
1924 when horses that were long shots in the
winter books won the Kentucky Derby new
crop of bookmakers had sprung up in the post.
gambling boom and some OF them thought
only the customer paid and the book collected.
While the law Of averages makes il that way in
the long run (no reference intended TO wclshing
bookies). there times when il bChoovcs a layer
to have layers OF dough ready for the payon. Zcv,
which opened at y to l in the winter books for
the 1923 Derby, put hundreds of the newcomers
out of business, unable 10 pay their irate clients.
The same thing happened on larger scale the
next year when Black Gold, p TO l shot in the
winter books, won the Derby.
a MONG the books engulfed was one operated by
~ middle wcsterner who was no Johnny-Come-
Lately and whose reputation was high. This chap.
however, asked his steady customers to abide
with him. Those he didn't know well he managed
to pay off at once. Within two years, he had Pc =
off everyone 100 cents the dollar, which otS
goes to show how silly it is for boolie 10 welsh
instead of letting nature take its course on the
perennial crop of suckers.
One day before the advent Of parimutucl bet
ting in New York when the boolIes operated under
a quasilegal agreement. Max Kalik, prominent
slate writer met Big Bill Dwyer, who owned
horses race tracks and books, and also patronized
other bookics and asked him for the $4,000 he
September -, 1915
Detroit evening times., 1945-09-23
M Dan R0rXEr
.oIumnist and Sports Commenfafor

CoIumnist and Sports Commentator
- YER the fence is home run in baseball On
i the turf. it's welsh and he who pcrpe
trates the ScurVy trick a weSher.
The ignobe practice of running out gam
bling debts is old racing and almost old
the honest race ii so grossly libels. It's also
as modern as the $58,170 runout powder a book.
maker took at the Aqueduct track on Long
Island last June 80 (What is so rare as a welsh
in June?)
This bit of weshing took place when Art
of War the seventh race that afternoon. pay
ing off at the rate of S6570 for 81 to win and
S1740 TO place. A bookmaker, operating icitly,
refused to pay off bets of ST. 400 to win and ST. 400
to place made by of his steady customers
because he insisted his runner had designated
Chaldon Heath instead of Art of War
Such a mistake is possible since bookes and
their runners must transact all their business
dealings with customers orally in order to avoid
arrest. The chance for error is increased by the
track custom of calling horses by their pro.
gram numbers instead of by name But excuses,
matter how logical, always have been poor
substitute for that old mooa at payoff time.
Probably the biggest welsh in the history of
the turf the famous one that cost John w.
(Bet You a Million) Gates half million dollars
at the turn of the century. Gates, already noted
as a plunger on the American turf, crossed the
Atlantic seeking new books to break, but neg
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-06-22
SOCIAL SECURITY CARDS
NOT TO BE USED AS
IDENTIFICATION FOR CHECKS

Occasional complaints that social
security account number cards are
improperly used as identification
for check-cashing purposes, today
led Miss Margaret F. Bolton, man.
ager of the Dayton office of the
Social Security Board, to issue the
following cautionary statement:
'The social security account num-
Der card is not intended to serve as
Identification for check cashing
purposes, and should not be ac-
cepted as such.
"a social security card is issued
to any person who applies for it. 1t is
issued for one purpose, and only one.
That is to identify a social security
account on which the wage record
of the possessor may be posted as
credit toward old-age and survivors
insurance benefits. The account
number is used with the persons
name to identify his social security
account, because many people have
the same name but no two can have
the same number. The Social Secur-
ity Board, in paying benefits, re-
quires that the beneficiary identify
himself fully
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-06-22

Prairie View State college in Texas
is to become assistant to the direc-
tor of personnel in the U. S. De-
partment of agriculture. He will
succeed to the post formerly occu-
pied by the late Thomas N. Roberts.
In addition to serving as advisor
and assistant to the director of per-
sonnel, DR.. Norris will aid in the de-
velopment of training programs for
young college men and women who
seek to make agricultural posts
their life calling.
DR.. Norris, a native of Texas, is
graduate of Tuskegee and Prairie
View in both of which institutions
he took agriculture. He took both his
masters an doctor of philosophy
degrees in the same subject at Cor
nell university, receiving the latter
in 1884. At Prairie View he has been
serving as director of graduate
studies and resident teacher train
er in agriculture. He is not expected
to assume his post for several
weeks.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-06-22

not surprising in view Of Europe's
postwar period. Questions Of war
and peace and the colonies have
been inseparably connected for GEN.
turies. And until the colonial ques-
ton is settled rightly and justly, it
will remain a determining factor
of war and peace.
In all fairness, it must be said
that the Soviet delegations posi-
ton at San Francisco on the ques-
tion of trusteeship over colonies
was most outstandingly consistent
and clear. This too should be no
surprise. The Soviet policy of self
determination and independence
for all peoples is evident in all of
Russia's history.
One of the soundest fundamen-
tails of the Soviet state is the devel-
opment of friendly relations be-
tween all peoples and nations every
where. An article on this subject
was written recently by Prof. E.
Korobin for the "Red STAR" a Sow
ct periodical.
"There can be neither friendly
relations between nations, neither
real equal rights and self determin-
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-06-22

alton nor stability of international
law and order, nor genuine respect
for human rights and basic freedom
as long as there exist in one form
or another system or colonial op-
pression-as long as any people and
state shall decide the fate of 9TH
ers."
Another Russian publicist, |. Zhu-
kov, who is covering the San Fran
cisco conference for "Izvestia," a
local newspaper, recently wrote in
"War and Working Glass" now re-
named "New Times," that "the sys-
tenn of colonial enslavement of hum
dreds Of millions of people is an es-
pecially dangerous barrier on the
road to social progress and is the
bulwark of reactionary tendencies
throughout the world"
The colonial question, until set
tied as it should and eventually
must be settled, remains at dan
gerous sandy subsoil under any
structure raised for guaranteeing
permanent world peace and uni
versal security.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-06-22
THE COLONIAL QUESTION
AND WORLD PEACE
By ChdtlCOOd Hall

By CNUtUOOU HUI
Only Negro Correspondent IN
Russia
MOSCOW, June % (ANP)-1t
is not surprising that the colonial
question should have been one of
those questions on the agenda of the
San Francisco conference which
not only attracted deep interest but
which caused some deep and pro-
tracted discussions and differences
of opinion.
Like Banque's ghost, the colonial
question will not down. And that is
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27
PACIFIC:
Tough Nuts

Tough throughout the whole Pa
cific campaign, the Japs are prov
ing even tougher as the battle APP
proaches their homeland, with their
stubborn defense of Two Jirna more
than matched by their resistance on
Okinawa in the Ryukyu Islands
against U. S. marine and army
forces.
Experts at making use Of the rug
ged Pacific island terrain, the Japs
have set strong gun emplacements in
the rolling countryside, with subter-
ranean tunnels allowing their troops
free passage from one position to
another. In addition, the enemy has
surprised U. S. forces with the use
Of deadly new weapons, with heavy
concentrations Of artillery ON Oki-
nawa helping slow the Yanks' adj
vance.
II they have made good use Of the
terrain on Two Jina and Okinawa,
the Japs are making equally good
use Of It on Luzon in the Philip
pines, where they are holding out in
the rugged Businesses to the north
In the hope Of tying up large bodies
Of U. s. troops through the approach
ing rainy season when operations
viii be necessarily slowed.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27

Samuel O'Neil Of coal operators Qeft),
Chairman Ezra Horn Of negotiating com.
mittee (center), and John L. Lewis at con-
tract parleys.
creases to Is per cent above the
January, 1941, level, the agreement
calls for time and a half for inside
day workers over seven hours and
rate of $3.50 for underground
travel time; boosts of from SLOT
to $1.20 a day for outside employees,
leaders and electricians; 4 cents an
hour more for workers on the Sec
ond shift, and 8 cents for those on
the third, and SIS pay instead of
vacations.
Having run the gamut Of WLB
approval, the agreement still was.
subject to OPA consideration, in
view of estimates that the wage con-
cessions would add about Is cents a
ton to the nations fuel bill, OF $780,
100000 annually. s.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27
WHOLE BLOOD

/ Whole blood, one Of the greatest
single factors In saving the lives Of
wounded soldiers, Is being flown to
Europe under a new system of re-
Ifrigeration which .prolongs the life Of
this fluid by about one-third.
Under the present system whole
blood Is suitable for transfusions for
q period of about 16 days, but under
the new plan 1t win last for 81 days.
dependable iced containers have
been developed to keep the whols
blood ct the right femperatuEa,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27

Make PreparatiOns

With victory in Europe immi-
nent, and with 1t a partial recon-
version from wartime to peacetime
output, War Production board took
steps to permit industry to obtain
new machine tools for manufacture
Of civilian goods.
Biggest major item on WPB's
program was the grant of priorities
to the automobile industry for so
million dollars of machine tools and
related equipment for civilian manu-
facture. To take from three to seven
months for making, the orders were
placed last fall without priority rat
ing, then dumped when early hopes
Of victory faded and the war went
into 1945.
In permitting the placement Of or
ders for machine tools and related
equipment for civilian manufacture
the WPB is developing a plan
whereby such business would not in
terfere with the output Of vital ma
terial needed for prosecution Of the
war.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27

Daddy's worn-0ut shirts can be
made over into cunning blouses,
dresses or suits for the one-year-
old, provided a little trimming
and imagination are used.
RA -O--
After oiling the sewing machine,
stitch through a blotter several
times. This takes up all surplus
oil on the machine, and keeps from
getting it on the material.
Turn the mattress every week,
first from end to end, next from
side to side to get maximum wear
and comfort from it.
When painting woodwork, coat
the door knobs, locks, etc., with
vaseline, so that the paint can be
easily wiped off if it splashes on
these surfaces.
To remove rust from nickel,
grease well with any kind of lubri-
cant, let stand for a few minutes,
then rub with cloth soaked in am
monia. Rinse with water and pol
ish. r.
An easy way to give ferns their
weekly watering is to place them
in the bathtub, draw shower cur
tain and turn on the shower, adj
justing spray until it is about room
temperature.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27
DISABLED WORKERS

Physically impaired workers pro-
duce as much as, or possibly little
more than, able-bodied workers, and
they are dependable, regular in at
tendance and careful in observance
of safety regulations, medical Of
ficers report in the Journal of the
American Medical Association.
Only serious physical defects were
considered in selecting impaired
workers for the study and the ma
iority have been placed in jobs by
matching their defects with the
physical demands Of the job.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27
MINERS:
Another Raise

Maintaining his reputation as one
Of organized labor's shrewdest and
hardest bargainers, bushy-browed
John l.. Lewis won new wage con-
cessions for his United Mine Work
ers averaging SLOT a day, but the
agreement remained subject to gov
eminent review in the interests Of
the anti-inflation program.
Expected to run into close
scrutiny Of the War Labor board,
which has hewed to the Little
Steel" formula limiting wage in
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27
Hold Your Own

Keep a tight grip on your pock-
etbook and sharp eye on your
wallet, for purse-snatching and
pocket-picking are showing a
pronounced popularity among
crimes, according to the Ency-
clopaedia Britannica.
The increase in thefts Of this
character Is laid to the tendency
Of prosperous war-workers to
carry large sums Of money about
with them.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27
NEW LEADER:
Historic Task

Dying even as American military
leaders saw an early end to the Eu-
ropean war, with the intricate prob
lens of peace lying ahead, Presi-
dent Franklin Delano Roosevelt left
to successor Harry S. Truman one
Of the most momentous jobs ever
confronting statesman.
Oddly enough, Mr.. Roosevelt HIM
self entered the Office Is years be-
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27

fore under highly
critical circum-
stances, with the
nations business
and agriculture in
stagnation and its
finances on the
verge of collapse.
Still comparatively
new to the Aneri-
can people, Mr..
Roosevelt won their
i'm date conf
Jo~oo 1,,rin0 tho
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27

spite MS support OF
New Deal policies,
speculation centered
on the course he
would adopt on do
|mestic policy, long
marked by Roose-
welt liberalism.
Bearing the friend
ship of both the CLIO
and AFL, President
Truman was expect
led to maintain a
sympathetic atti-
tude toward labor.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27

With Roosevelt ADMINISTRATIONS
having established such social Sc
Icurity policies as unemployment In
Isurance and old age pensions, and
with the government pledged to sup
port farm prices for two years after
the war, President Truman's great
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27
World Problems

Greatest immediate task facing
President Truman is the San Fran
cisco peace conference, scheduled to
go on despite the death Of Mr..
Roosevelt, who worked for its sue
cessful elimination to achieve his
dream Of an international coopera-
tive organization to prevent future
disastrous wars.
Though the groundwork for the
San Francisco parley had been laid
at the Dumbarton Oaks conferences,
at Washington, D. c., new problems
had arisen since to command the
full resources Of American states
manship. Over and above the pro-
posal Of granting Russia three votes
on the permanent security council to
match Britain's six, there remained
the touchy proposition Of allowing
representation to a Polish govern
1nent not dominated by any large
power and acceptable to all.
Along with the San Francisco par
ley for creating an international
peace organization, the new Presi-
dent also was confronted with ham
ding the Breton Woods financial
agreements, designed to establish
postwar economic stability by sup
porting the monies Of different coun-
tries and advancing loans for the
reconstruction and rehabilitation Of
Foreign nations to help them become
proftably productive.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27

first 100 days of his administration
with measures designed to reestab-
fish the lettering economy Of the
country.
Then, Mr.. Roosevelt made per-
haps his most famous statement Of
all: "The only thing we have to
fear is fear"
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27

est concern would seem to be not the
establishment of emergency meas
ures to tide the nation over the re-
conversion period but rather the de-
velopment Of a program to achieve
Mr.. Roosevelt's own goal Of 60,00O,-
600 jobs.
In recently explaining his political
philosophy, President Truman said
that, like his native state Of Mis-
souri,, he was little bit left Of cen
ter, but that the cooperative effort
Of all elements Of American life was
necessary for the shaping of pros
porous economy.
Though comparatively unknown
before assuming direction of the
senate war investigating committee,
President Truman soon earned the
respect of both his colleagues and
the country for his fortnight and
courageous leadership Of the group
in constructively criticizing the re-
armament program with view Of
increasing its overall efficiency.
In this respect, the so-called Tru-
man committee was quick to point
out such material shortages as alu-
minum, rubber, zinc, lead and steel,
and also revealed the nature Of
pressing manpower problems.
Staff Chiefs at Helm
An artillery captain himself at SO
during the last war, President Tru-
man, like Mr.. Roosevelt, is expect
ed to leave the conduct of the war
largely to the American chiefs of
staff, who have already marshalled
the country's great striking power
for the knockout Of both Germany
and Japan.
Keeling under the force of U. S.
and British power thrusts from the
west, and Russian pressure from the
east, Germany's days appeared
numbered, with Allied military lead
ers mainly expecting guerrilla war;
fare after the collapse Of integrated
Nazi resistance.
In conformity with long-rumored
Nazi plans for a last suicidal stand in
the Alpine Businesses Of southern
Germany, the enemy continued to
put up his strongest resistance south
Of the river Main, where the U. S.
7th army's advance was slowed.
Farther to the east, however, the
Russians drove beyond Vienna to
threaten the Austrian gateway to
Adolf Hitler's last mountain strong
hold.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27
AGRICULTURE:
Hog Support

Having called for greater fall pig
production to help relieve the tight
meat situation, the government
sought to reassure farmers of future
returns by announcing so cents
increase in the present $3.50 floor
or minimum price for all good and
choice hogs UP to 270 pounds. At
the same time, the War Food adj
ministration said that neither sup
port nor ceiling prices would be
trimmed before September, 1915.
Though the governments action
on floor prices was not expected
to affect current operations be-
cause Of the relatively small supply
Of hogs in face of the record de-
mand, 1t was considered reassuring
in the prospect of greatly in-
creasing marketing in the winter,
when the pressure on prices might
be strong.
With private sources estimating
that spring pig narrowing was up
IL per cent, the VIA called on
farmers to increase the fall crop by
10 per cent. Chiefly because Of lower
hog production throughout the
first part of 1945, total meat output is
expected to drop some 10 per cent
below last year.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27

Slenderizing Slip
THE built-up shoulder on this
= slip makes it especially nice for
the slightly heavier figure. Waist
line darts are SHINING and make
it fit satin-smooth. Tailored panties
to match.
Pattern No. 1881 Is designed for sizes
50, SO. 40, AZ, "A, 46, 48, so and So. Size
SO, ensemble. built-up shoulder, requires
4ls yards Of IS or 39-inch material.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27
Rated Conservative

With President Truman consid-
cred a conservative Democrat de-
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27
Bumper Crop

Benefiting from excellent weather
conditions, the nations 1945 winter
wheat crop is expected to approx
mate an all-time 1852, Sic, 900 bushels,
about 100000 bushels over the
previous 1881 top, the U. S. depart
ment Of agriculture reported.
After fall moisture was generally
sufficient to get the crop off to a
good start, good snowfall provided
protection during the winter to hold
acreage losses to the lowest level
in Is years. In most sections, the
ground was in condition to absorb
a large percentage of the moisture
from the melted snow and rains, the
USDA reported.
With the expected abandonment
lowest since 1919, indicated yield
Of TIA bushels would be one bushel
above last year. AS Of April I,
estimated stocks of wheat on farms
totalled 239, 1888, 900 bushels, third
largest since 1927. Stocks approx
mated % per cent Of the 1914 har-
vest, USDA said.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1945-04-27
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS -
Truman Faced With Momentous
Tasks Abroad and at Home as
Allied Drives Lead to Victory

" Released by Western Newspaper Union
Tn ?sn % @
Browning chief. [volume] (Browning, Mont.) 1941-1953, 1945-08-10

veyor makes these calculations by
observation from two known points.
And you don't have to be an en-
gineer to do it either-it is done
automatically by a lightning calcu-
lator.
have stood in awe before these
calculating machines, which can
think" more accurately and a
thousand times faster than I could
figure, and watched how they direct
the aim of the turret, waist and tail
guns on BIO.
As I said in last weeks article,
the enemy has radar, too. The Ger
mans were working on it with in
vestigation and experiment which
paralleled ours and those of the Brit
ish. In the early days of the war
the Germans had receiving sets on
high hills along the coast of France.
The electron beam, like that of tele-
vision, moves in straight line and
since the surface of the earth is
curved, this curve gets in the way
if the image and receiving set are
too far apart. Therefore, land sets
are placed as high in the air as
possible.
We knew that the Germans had
some kind of an electronic device
and they knew we had one. One of
the early commando raids, which
the papers said was successful in
destroying a German radio sta
tion," really destroyed the radar in
Sta1lation