The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-07-16

established the Kuomintang's one.
 party-rule National Governmen
 in Ranking. The government ther changed the name 'tPeiping'
 (Northern Peacefully. Nanking wa the capital from 1928 up to thret months after the Sino-Japanest War began in 1887.
 By mandate of the Nations Government late in 1887, Chung. king was made the wartime capita of China. Over 1,200 miles from the sea, Chungking, on an altitude of roughly 300 meters above seq level, since then became the Heart of the War of Resistance. 'Chungking" literally means "Dou. ble Celebration" Patient masses in China after eight years of wal hope at the end of World War II to celebrate both the victory and the rejuvenation of the ancient nation of China.
 Throughout the year 1944, when the Allies were advancing slowly in the Pacific and before and after tkc second front was opened in Europe, Chinese intellectuals, wait ing for eventual foreign help to win the war, found time to discuss where the future national capital would be. Realistic writers pub- lished articles in various dailies and magazines in Free China, sug- gesting the future capital should no longer be Nanking, but Peking again. Others suggested Sian, now capital of Sf1ensi Province in Northern China. Still others sue- gested Hankow, the Chicago of China" on the Yangtse Rriver. The last suggestion, supported by the least shades of political opinions, was Changchu in Manchuria, the present capital of the puppet state 'Manchukuo.
 Want Picking" Again
 Those Chinese intellectuals sug- gesting that Peking should be the future capital (and if and when 1t is made the capital again, the name "Peiping" should be changed back to "Peking"), employed the following as their reasons:
 l. Peking had been the capital of the Chinese Empire since the 18th century. throughout the Mon- gol, Ming. and Manchu Empires, which had China fully unified throughout. It is the best location to maintain the national govern ment to ensure national unifica- ton.
 ?, Picking is situated close to Manehuria, Mongolia, and strong neighbors such as Japan and Rus sia. Picking is "the place" to look after such disputed areas as Man ehuria and Mongolia at close range, and conduct negotiations with Japan and Russia.
 3. Picking is already the junction centsr of Chinas existing railways, which radiate out from Picking northeastward to Manchuria, south ward to Nanking and Shanghai in East China, and to Hankow in Central and then to Canton in South China, and to Suiyuan Prov ince northwest of Peiping. Tt is the center"
 Other minor reasons include that there are enough big buildings in Peiping to house the various gov-. ernment departments, that there the climate is cool in summer and thus healthier than other sug- geSted capitals, and so forth.
 Sian As Air Center
 Chinese intellectuals suggesting Sian in Northwest China hold the following as their main reasoning;
 l. Sian is the cradle of ancient Chinese civilization, and was the capital of the most glorious dynas- ties in China's history, such as Chow. Han, and Tang Dynasties, when the whole country was uni- fled by the despotic emperors.
 ?. The future world belongs to the Era of Air. Since geographical ly Sian is roughly at the center of the map of the Chinese Repub lie, air transports from Sian would reach every Chinese frontier region In about the same length of time.
 3. The Soviet Union will be the most important neighbor of the Chinese Republic after the war And close contact with Russia would be through air and land maintained best from Sian. Air transports from Sian would reach Alma Ata in Central Asia Soviet territory in a matter of less than 10 hours. And in future the planned railway from Sian to the Turk-Sib Railway of the USsR) would be eventually built, thus making Sian the most ideal capital of China in the Era of Air and the era of closer Chinese Russian CO., operation.
 The suggestion that China,s future capital should be Chang chun in Manchuria was once ridi- culed by many an observer, and the view though once attracting considerable attention, was shared by very few intellectuals.
 The idea to make Nanking the capital in the modern state of China was initiated by the late founder of the Republic and the creator of the Kuomintang, Dr. Sun Yat-sen. Dr. Sun led the idea in order to shake of" the old Picking" where bureaucracy for atmosphere in the then capital centuries existed, and where for eign troops maintained permanent 0arriS0nS as a rnsi,1t of fha Sonf Protocol which included the Boxer Uprising. Dr. Sun wanted to begin all over again" in Nank- ing.
 The entire Northern Punitive Expedition" led by Chiang Kali shek in 1926-8 was in accordance with Dr. Suns "bequeathed teach ings." General Chiang Kai-shek and his associates, being ardent R.l