davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-06-02

ARMY GROUND AND SERVICE
FORCES REDISTRIBUTION STA
TON. Atlantic City, N. This
amt the army-this is CT
heaven" This is the typical COM
ment OF returned veterans after
the first few days at this huge
and luxurious Army Ground and
Service Forces Redistribution Sta
ton.
Geared 10 serve $500 returnees
a week, the elaborate project was
set up in December 1914, and since
its organization Is per cent OF re-
turnees who have passed through
were Negroes.
The station is run on a basis Of
complete equality under the dl-
rection of Colonel James Cooper
who told his staff, All soldiers are
alike and will be treated as such
at this installation as long as | am
IN command
Program Works
IF there is anyone here who cam
not subscribe fully 10 this pro-
gram, | will Immediately accept his
request for transfer" No one re-
quested transfer and the program
worked
Purpose Of the project is TO de-
termine the military job for which
each returnee is best fitted accord
ing 10 his skill and physical con-
dition.
Long experience has convinced
the army that true picture of a
soldiers abilities can be attained
only when he is completely re-
Taxed and comfortably situated. To
achieve this end, nothing has been
spared in providing the returnees
with every recreational activity
that ingenuity can provide.
From the window of his once $50
day room overlooking Atlantic
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-08-28
BISHOP WRIGHT Sees
GOLDEN RULE AS THE
SALVATION OF MANKIND

WHEREFORE, O., Aug %
NP)-Goodwill and the appli-
cation of the golden rule" loom
as the salvation of mankind
That is the advice given here by
Bishop r. r. Wright, of the AME
church and executive secretary of
the National Fraternal Council of
Negro churches, regarding the ca
pitulation of Japan.
Some method must be found to
control the atomic bomb, he said,
but 1--WE must not forget that it is
just the beginning of inventions
that will flow from our super-scien-
tific age" Bombs, gases, powder,
rays are yet to come, he prophesied.
What will be the plight of hu-
manity when they do Gomez" he
queried. "Will not the nation or
group of nations that first discover
these things use them upon their
enemies as we did upon Japan? And
if our enemies have something they
think is deadlier, will they not use
that something on US? What then is
the answer?
Il can see only one answer. That
is the abolition of the enemy, some
thing must work in the human
heart to establish society in which
there is no such thing as the 'ene-
my and there is no desire for an
Inhalation of anybody. This means
the domination of goodwill rather
than greed, avarice, selfishness and
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-08-28

the graduate school of Howard uni
versity, has considered that the or
ganization would make distinct
contribution if under the provi-
sions of the United Nations charter
it did no more than prepare OBJ
jective and critical reports on the
education of colonial and dependent
peoples.
His comments were directed to
the draft constitution for an educa-
tional organization later to be af-
filiated with the United Nations.
The state department here had just
released the text of the draft.
'1t is hoped, however, that the
conference will go much further
and define the objectives and condi-
tions which would be set up, to pro-
vide the type of education neces-
sary for the real advancement of
all colonials," DR.. Thompson said.
1T has been felt" he added, "if
not definitely recognized, by states
men and educators alike, that the
educational machinery generally
provided for such peoples has been
in the interest of the exploiter in
stead of the exploited. Such an or
ganization as is here in process
might give real meaning to the
charter announcements, that ed
ucation should be in the interest of
the people,"
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-08-28
use TRAINED NEGRO WORKERS
IN WAR-T0Rh AREAS,
BISHOP GREEN URGES

NEW YORK, Aug. % (ANP)-
Bishop S. L. Green of the AME
church urged that trained Negro
men and women be selected as a
part of the large number of Amer
lean workers for rehabilitation
service in war devastated areas,
during a meeting of the executive
committee of the American Joint
Committee of Faith and Order, Life
and Work.
The committee represents all de-
nominations and seeks to unity
Christian effort. Bishop Green, the
only Negro member of the execu-
tive committee, said there has been
a change in point of view among
the people of his church. There is a
growing desire on the part of Ne
groes not only to receive but to con-
tribute, not just in money but in
service, he said. His suggestion
was greeted with applause, adopted
and referred to the Commission on
World Council service
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-08-28
LAWYERS ASSOCIATION
ENDORSES HASTE FOR JUDGE

LOUISVILLE, Aug. % (ANP)
The National Bar association,
through it's president, Charles W.
Anderson, Jr., joined with other
organizations in endorsing Dean
William HASTE of the Howard Uni
versity School of Law for appoint
ment to the federal bench.
Mr.. Anderson stated that the as
sociation will not meet in conven-
ton until it's annual meeting in
Cleveland, Nov. 20, but that at the
Chicago convention the association
had gone on record in recommend
ing that the President of the United
States consider the appointment of
Negro to the federal bench at the
next vacancy, and that by such au-
thority he had this week urged
President Harry S. Truman to ap
point Dean HASTE to one of the
present federal judgeship vacan-
cieS.
Dean HASTE has already been
endorsed by the National Lawyers
guild, CIO, and other national or
CARNATIONS.
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-08-28
EXPECT ALLIED Conference TO
IMPROVE COLONIAL EDUCATION

ASHIN GTON, Aug. %
(ANP)-The organization estab-
lished at the London conference of
allied ministers of education in
November is being viewed here as
a potentially significant agency
for the improvement of education
for colonial and other dependent
peoples"
DR.. Charles Thompson, dean of
The daily bulletin. [volume] (Dayton, Ohio) 1942-1946, 1945-08-28

hate"
Bishop Wright, who has founded
a goodwill service center in Mem
phis, added that imam has to be
re-educated and the old fashioned
golden rule has to take "a higher
place if he is to survive"
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-03

IF by democratic methods, people get
government strong enough to protect them
from fear and starvation their Democracy
succeeds; but If they do not, they grow inn
patient. Therefore, the only sure bulwark
Of continuing liberty is government strong
enough to protect the interests of the people,
and q people strong enough and well-enough
to maintain its sovereign control over its gov
ernment."
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Fireside Chat, April IA, 1888
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-03
Regional
Views
By Richard Gosser u
Director Region 2B, UAW-CIO
TROUBLE AHEAD

AS we come closer to the time when pro-
duction schedules are cut down and the work
week is reduced to 40 hours, we are approach
ing time of trouble
Cutting the work week down to 40 hours
is going to mean loss of income for the work
ers which will vary from $18 to as high as $50
weekly submit to you that such reductions
in income due to a cut in hours is a sharp
wage decline and that as matters now stand
will seriously effect the living standards of
millions of workers all over the country.
One of the reasons why the War Labor
Board has been slow in granting any in
creaSes, except those to adjust inequalities or
stimulate vital war production, is because of
the overtime pay which the workers were re-
ceiving. This will no longer be true as the 40
hours week becomes general, and accordingly,
the little steel formula must be side stepped
SAME PRICES
1t must be clear, even to the War Labor
Board and the government, that if we are to
have any measure of postwar prosperity we
must not introduce it by another depression.
Depressions have never stimulated anything
except danger of serious trouble because of the
unrest and dissatisfaction of the workers This
will be particularly true if the prices of COM
moditieS remain unchanged, are lowered
so little that their reduction will mean little
or nothing to the unemployed or those whose
income have suffered sharp reduction.
unrest ana Apprehension are In the air.
The workers are frankly worried about their
future. They are fearful of the day when they
will be cut to 40 hours or given temporary"
layoffs awaiting the time when industry is
once more ready to produce for a profit
Make no mistake about it, labor will not
take it on the chin laying down this time.
Labor has seen and knows what can be done
to provide work in producing for a cause, and
it considers its cause, the cause of appetite,
a body which must be closed and housed,
bread and butter cause, of as great Importance
as the cause for which it has been producing
vast quantities of materials of destruction
Work. work, work has been the cry ever
since 1941, and the work has been for de-
struction of homes, destruction of cities and
wealth and destruction of human lives Now
the workers are awaiting the cry of work,
work. work for more food, better homes, the
comforts of life, decent old age pensions,
guaranteed annual wage and greater meas
ure of security for all. That is the goal to
which we shall dedicate ourselves as war gives
way to peace and men again turn to the pur-
suits of peace and the hope of happier saner
and fuller lives.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-03
From The Desk
Melvin Schultz
President,
Local IL. UAW-ClO

UNITED WE STAND! DIVIDED WE
FALL This phrase which was coined many
years ago is as true today as it was in its in
ception. There is no doubt in anyone's mind
who thinks for himself that if Local No. IL Is
to be divided into many individual local
unions, each of these local unions will be
potential object of attack from the manage
ment of their plants. The Auto-Lite Unit of
Local No. IL will not be immune from this
same attack.
The history of the Auto-Lite manage
ments labor relations itself will prove to any
sane thinking worker at Auto-Lite that no
benefit can be derived from weakening the
bargaining power of their elected represent
ative This means dollars and cents in every
individual workers paycheck. Let me, also,
predict that your seniority and security will
mean next to nothing if the Auto-Lite work
ers throw themselves open to attack by voting
separate charter.
To me it is pathetic to see and hear
such actions as were supposed to be Demo-
cratic procedure at last Sundays meeting of
the Auto-Lite Unit On topic which means
bread and butter to the workers at the Elec-
trio Auto-Lite, a prearranged set of rules
which imposed gag rule were pushed through
under misinterpretation of parliamentary pro-
cedure. By this course of action Local No. IL
officers were permitted one speaker who was
limited to three minutes to discuss the rea-
sons why Auto-Lite members should remain
part of the largest local union in the State of
Ohio. OF course, this made it an impossibility
for any type of fair discussion.
would like to point out that it is because
of the fact that we have Local No. r. large
amalgamated local, that we find the Toledo
area listed as having the highest rates of any
one area in this district of the Regional War
Labor Board. BY this same reasoning it will
require an amalgamated local union such as
Local No. IL is today to perpetuate and in
crease your rates of pay in the future. Local
No. IL is envied by organized labor groups
for its progress and record throughout the
whole country. / think the membership is
proud to be part of such organization and
will want to continue to maintain it.
You have one of the largest and most
beautiful local headquarters in our whole In
ternational Union. You are backed by the
moral support of $4,000 other members of
Local No. H. as well as, their financial back
ing Certainly, they will not let you down and
you should not let them down.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-03
Editors Mail
For Unity
Dear Sir:

Lear Sir:
Several months ago, after
Auto-Lite Unit went through
what probably was its most
hectic election, the member
ship had hopes that the new
ly elected officers would settle
down and represent the men,
bership.
Workers had visions of OBJ
tanning wage adjustments long
overdue and at the same time
believed that the officers
would promote a program to
bring unity to our ranks.
Unfortunately, the hopes of
Auto-Lite members were not
realized, Not only have the
officers failed to make any
outstading gains, but worse,
have sponsored the smoke
screen known as the Sep
arate Charter Issue"
No better time could have
been chosen than the present
when our contract is about to
expire, and reconversion, less
ened employment and layoffs
are staring us in the face.
How will our returning
servicemen accept this shua-
ton of disunity? How will
they feel to return home to a
Union which has weakened it
self with internal dissention,
pickering and actual separa-
ton from the strongest organi-
zation in Toledo?
We can stop this move in
its tracks if we will cast aside
all personalities and look at
the thing on its merits. Every
member of the Unit should 60
to polls next Wednesday and
vote 'No" on the proposal and
send it down to the defeat
which it merits. Then, having,
voted, regardless of what the
result may be, everyone should
60 into a Unit meeting and
demand that our officers pro-
mote a unity program, in
struct them to settle our wage
problems and adopt postwar
program for the greater secur-
ity of our members.
l believe this is the pro-
gram that the rank and file
desires and to which they are
entitled as dues paying men,
bers. The time for misleading
is over after Wednesdays vote
and the officers who have pro-
NOTED the disunity move
should give real leadership and
unity if they never gave it
before.
To insure the settlement of
Auto-Lite problems, to aid in
bringing about a greater meas
ure of unity in the Unit and
cooperation with Local IL, be
sure and vote "No" on the
charter issue. That would be
the one greatest step we could
make toward unity.
Howard Cutcher.
Auto-Lite Unit.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-03
Wifhouf Signatures

For weeks, members of the CIO-PAC
have been dashing around in an attempt to
secure 1880 signatures to place the re-
neal of the PR system of electing city
eouneiImen on the ballot
Last Tuesday night, without any dash
ing or hard work, members OF the Toledo
Small Businessmen's Association were
able to get city council to agree to place
n referendum on the ballot for the Nov
amber election which provides, of all
things, four year term for members OF
the city council.
Obviously, it all depends upon who
you are and what you propose in order
10 place a referendum on the ballot
No doubt some political wiseacre in
council will sagely ask, "well, why didn't
You ask us?" To which we choke down
our vulgar laughter and reply, "Hell, we
knew better"
We too are interested in city council,
but not in getting the members of that
august body elected for four years. AS one
of our contemporaries has so ably pointed
out, "two years is bad enough to have
some of them, so why get stuck for four J.
We are also interested in how the
members of city council are elected and
that Ii the reason why we have sponsored
and sought the approval OF the people in
first securing 10000 names to petitions to
repeal the PR system of electing council
men, and second, to the task before us to
see that the present screwly and little
understood system is overwhelmingly de-
feated in November.
Our interest in how members of city
council are elected is shared by the Toledo
Small Businessmen's Association which
has gone on record as opposing any at
tempt to modify or change the system not
because they have any convictions on the
matter, but because they were fearful that
the servicemen would not be able to vote.
And when that objection was over
come by assurances that the men in the
armed forces will be able to express their
choice, the Toledo Small Businessmen
still solicitous about who runs our city,
came up with the proposal to lengthen the
term of office of council so that if PR is
retained we are forced to endure poor
counciImen along with the good ones for
two additional years.
We thank the Toledo Small Business
Men for their help which is somewhat
similar to one of our neighboring cities
which, after 1t had passed q referendum
to erect municipal power plant to COM
pete with the privately owned utility, was
finally persuaded" to accept instead a
new municipal water works owned by the
city.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-03
Victory Promise
Dear Sir:

Dear Sir:
1t looks like the PAC is
really going to town with the
PR petitions. Last week / was
stopped in the shop and asked
to sign a petition, the same
afternoon one of the PAC
members called at my house
and got my wife and daugh-
ter's signature, and the same
night another fellow came to
the house and told me he lived
in the next block and wanted
me to sign again.
With that kind of work and
the kind of workers that PAC
has, it should not prove too
difficult to repeal the PR
system of electing city coun-
cilmen this fall. If the same
amount of effort is put into
getting out the vote which has
been put into getting sig
natures for the PR petitions,
we should be able to win for
Tom Burke and repeal PR in
November.
Fraternally yours,
r. G.. Atwood,
Willys-OVerland Unit.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-03
Our Fight

August IL Is the date set for the begin
ming of our intensification of the fight to
break the little steel formula.
Almost from the beginning of the war,
the workers have resisted the disparity
between prices and wages, but with cut
backs and increasing layoffs due to
cutting down of war production schedules,
the arguments of labor leaders takes on
new significance for the workers.
We are face to face with the situation
about which we have been warned for
many months, only now that the reality
Is upon us, II is even worse than we were
told il would be.
What makes the situation worse is the
fact that nothing has been done by Con-
gress to meet the rapidly approaching en-
pIoyment crisis. Nothing has been done
by the War Labor Board to meet the reali-
ties of the workers diminishing income.
Nothing has been done by the Office of
Price Administration to check prices
which are still increasing even in the face
of diminishing purchasing power.
Workers who are interested in their
bread and butter now and in the months
which lie ahead should make plans to take
part in the August IL demonstration and
show by their presence that they are
awake to the situation and anxious to do
something about it. The only way that the
situation will be corrected is by action on
the workers part now to show the gov
srnment, including the vacationing Con-
gress that we are aware of our plight and
intend to do something about it,
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-03

In 1914 industrial accidents
continued to emphasize need
for better safety regulations.
The figures: 1880 war work.
ers killed by accidents on the
job; 100000 workers in
jured on the job.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-03

A m lean citizens pay
through the nose (high tariff
to protect American industry.
One example: Because of duty
placed on imported sugar,
u. S. citizens each year pay
$500 million more than they
would if sugar were duty free.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-03

"A full employment pro-
gram is a farm program of
the most vital Importance.
We cannot have halfway
prosperity any longer. Our
economy won't work with half
our people economic slaves
and half enjoying economic
freedom"
National Farmers
Union Editorial.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-03

1T is the duty of working
people to join a bona fide
labor union for mutual pro-
lection and progress. They
must organize for their own
sake and for the welfare of
their families, their commu-
nifty and their nation. The
CIO has taken a long step in
that direction"
Most Rev. Robt. E. Lucey
Bishop of Texas.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-03

Under President Hoover an
average tax of AZ cents was
added on every dollar of i'm
ports. The result: American
export trade fell from SIS bill
lion in 1929 to $11z billion
in 1888.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-03
Washington
Labor
Report
BY Bradford v. Carter
LPA COlumnist
GOES LABOR

washington was d u B ii
pretty much off base on the
outcome of the British cleo
tions as was almost everybody
else including Mr.. Churchill.
Two implications stand out
as being rather impressive.
The first one is that British
people were able to chose a
government on the basis of is
sues rather than of PERSONAL
ties. Think for q moment
what has been achieved: A
triumphant war leader goes
downs to ignominous defeat at
the peak of his triumph.
The second implication is
that the British people were
presented with a clear choice
between monopoly capitalism
and a mixed socialist economy
and chose the latter. The
choice is so decisive that there
can be no question as to the
kind of mandate which the
large majority imposed upon
the new Labor Government.
Here is the way in which
the Labor Party views its
mandate. '"The Labour Par
ty's first answer to the failure
of private enterprise is ma
tionalization of those basic in
dustries which can no longer
be left to the unplanned an
archy of monopoly capitalism.
The basic industries which La
bour proposes as priorities
for public ownership, to. be
operated as public service in
the interests of the nation are:
fuel and power coal, cleo
tricity and gas; inland trans
port-by rail, air and canal;
and iron and steel. In each
case a Public Board will be
established with members ap-
pointed by the minister who
is responsible to Parliament
for the industry"
GENERAL DRIFT
What has happened in Eng
land is part of the general
drift toward socialism on the
European continent. If the
War has done anything, it has
obliterated the erty
rights of private enterprise in
Europe. The choice which the
whole of Europe will be max
ing increasingly is not be-
tween private enterprise and
socialism, but between vari-
Gus kinds of collectivism. The
British people have decided
for democratic collectivism not
of a drastic kind, it is true, but
nevertheless, quite fundamen-
tai.
This issue is of some rele-
vance to the United States and
particularly our foreign pol
icy. The State Department
will need to get around to the
recognition that collectivism
in Europe is inevitable, and
that attempts to strengthen the
hand of private monopoly will
lead only to chaos.
1t is possible, too, that the
British elections will have
some bearing on our own do
mestic problems. The people
of the United States and Brit
ain have a great deal in COM
mon culturally and otherwise.
1t is not unreasonable to ex-
pect, therefore, that the Amer
lean people will be greatly in
fluenced by British socialism
mot the least effect of which
can be to embolden the efforts
of those who are seeking
wholesale social and economic
reform here in the United
States.
Whatever is the aftermath,
a vote of congratulation is
definitely in order to the peo-
pie of Great Britain for hav-
ing demonstrated in this prac-
tical way the virility of demo-
cratic institutions in time of
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-08-03

Labor Unions, like other organizations
based upon participating cooperation, are fun
damentally desirable in democracy; they are
a necessary concomitant of the greatest good,
protect their members against exploitation and
advance their best interests"
Marshall Field.
Evening star., 1945-12-16

More Of the wintry-eIod fig
ures of The Meeting Of the
Voters" os the stotuory sym
boIizes. To prevent O recur-
renee Of the winter sculpture,
the fountoin is being shut down
for the rest of the winter.
A. P. and Wide World Photos.