davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
ATOMIC BOMB PROTECTION FOR ARCTIC
FIRST JAPANESE
 WAR CRIMINALS
 ON TRIAL TODAY
Bu MORRIE LANDSBERG

YOKOHAMA, Dec. 17.-In the cold and gloom of Yokohama court house, eight American military commission members today set the stage of the first war crimes trials to be held in Japan.
 Five Japanese accused of commit ting or condoning atrocities against Allied prisoners of war will be heard first, among them Tatsuto Tsuchiya, whom prisoners called Little Glass Eye" Tsuchiya will be arraigned tomorrow on charges that he helped beat an American to death last March. In all, nearly 400 Japanese will be tried on atrocity complaints.
 Commission members emphasized that the accused will be given fair trials although it was decided not to translate the court records from English to Japanese. The chief de- fense counsel, It, Col. John Dickin- son, St. Petersburg. Fla, said tuch translation might prolong the trials one year.
 Defendants and witnesses will be sworn by oaths binding in their in- dividual religion, the commission decided, after the question arose as to inclusion of the phrase, So help you God" in view of non-Christian beliefs of the Japanese.
 Two large American flags drapeo the sides of the trial commission box, which is in comparatively small room lighted only through a grilled skylight.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
GREYHOUND BUS
 STRIKE ENDS IN
 SOUTHWEST DIV.

FORT WORTH, TeXes, Dec. IT, The first Greyhound buses rolled out of terminals at 12:15 a. m. to- day, ending a strike in the Grey hound southwestern division that had tied up transportation in eight states since Nov 4 and made 2,000 idle.
 Terminal workers returned to their jobs Sunday morning after a new contract between the company and the Amalgamated Association of Street Railway and Motor Coach Employees (AFL) was signed Satur- day
 Under the new contract, drivers will receive pay increases of from .0384 cents per mile from employees of one to six months to five cents per mile for drivers with three or more years of service
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
MASS STARVATION SCHEMES OF NAzIS
 UNF0LDED AT TRIAL
Germans Were 10 Take Food Away from Mis-
 sions of Russians
By YVES GALLAGHER

NUREMBERG, Dec. IT - Ger man plans for systematic mass starvation in Russia would have virtually wiped out the cities of Moscow and Stalingrad had they been captured, American prose- cutors charged today at the war crimes trial of 2l top Nazi leaders.
 Reading from captured German plans for the conquest of Russia the prosecution named Hermann Goering, sitting uncomfortably in the prisoners box, as the instigator of calculated starvation plan that would have caused the deaths of many tens of millions of Rus sians."
 The plan, drafted by Goering's Economic Ministry in 194l, called for export to Germany of every ounce of food in the Ukraine and other areas. In the food deficient north, the army was to seize all food for it's own use.
 Resigned To Death
 AS the fifth week of the historic trial began, virtually all the 21 Hitler leaders were losing their nonchalant courtroom air and ap- parently were becoming resigned to death as punishment for Nazi crimes.
 The mounting pile of evidence taken from the Germans own rec ords--that the Hitler regime was responsible for the enslavement of nearly 100000 foreigners and the extermination of 6,000,000 Jews has virtually unnerved many de- fendants, according to their prison guards.
 Jail attendants said only Hjal- mar Schacht, former Reiehsmin- ister of Economy, holds grimly to the hope of acquittal. Schacht has maintained he had little connection with Hitler's machinations, despite his letters introduced in evidence declaring he was rebuilding Ger man economy so it would support a large military machine.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
The W ashington Merry Round
By DREW PEARSON

WASHINGTON-Just one year ago this morning the American public got the news = at first heavily censored-that the German Army had launched a violent ana successful counter attack. In the Battle of the Bulge which followed 6o,oOO casualties resulted and the tremendous surpluses now piled up in Army storehouses throughout the U.S.A. were largely acquired bv frantic Army orders during those next fateful weeks.
 That desperate Nazi last-gasp came within a hairs breadth of succeeding. It did not stop until 10000 fresh American troops were flown across the Atlantic-an un- heard of operation-and landed al- most in the thick of battle.
 While mistakes happen ln war time. it is incumbent on the Army to clean up the source of those mistakes. especially before saddllng the nation with new peacetlme militarism. The War Department Is now Waging a fierce campaign not only to swallow the Navy put to adopt peacetime conscriptlon TOT the first time in, history Before this is done, the same healthy spot light now focused on Pearl Harbor bungling ought to delve into other errors costly in Ameri- can lives.
 Unfortunately, the Army has long followed policy ofN covering up military mistakes, apparently to preserve the regulations of high ranking generals. Not only the mistakes of World War I, but even some blunders of the Civil War still are under lock and key Fur thermore, the Army seems to follow an inexplicable policy of promot-
 <<,z..ts.,oJ os, Du0o E07Ir
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
Extension of
 Jones A(t Asked By DeIeagfe

WASHINGTON, Dec. 17-Delegate Bartlett of Alaska has asked the War Shipping Administration to extend beyond Dec. 31 regulations allowing carriage of passengers be- tween Southeast Alaskan ports on Canadian vessels.
 Bartlett said at the time the waiver was allowed American ves- sels could not furnish facilities for moving the traffic and he be- lieves "this premise is still ap- plicable' after Dec. 3l.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
Briih ShoIom 1945 Humanitarian Award PosihumousIy 10 FOR

PHILADELPHIA, Dec. IT, The late President Franklin D. Roosevelt was "A friend of all peoples and never thought of anyone as having a label" says the widow of the man who was honored posthumously with Brith Sholom's l945 Humanitarian award. Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt ac- cepted the award yesterday. It paid tribute to Rooseyelt's "untiring ef- forts in behalf of the stricken and oppressed peoples of the world"
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
Yamashiia Gets Siay of Execution

WASHINGTON, Dec. 1.-The St. preme Court today granted a stay of execution to Japanese General Tomoyuki Yamashita. who was sem fenced to death by an American military commission in Manila.
 The tribunal acted at a confer ence after leaving the court room as the completion of it's regular session for the day. The action was taken few minutes after ar rival of an airmailed petition from Yamashita asking review of decis- ion by the Philippines Supreme Court in his case.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
Argentina. Spain May Get Attention
 Of Unified Staies

WASHINGTON, Dec. IT = The United States appears today to have embraced the belief that under certain conditions any na- tions internal affairs become the business of all nations.
 President Truman applied that principle to strife-torn China in his policy declaration Saturday, and government officials said this country soon might join others in applying it to Spain and Argen- tina.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
"Mixmasier" Record Breaker Goes Crash

WASHINGTON, Dec. IT - Just eight days after it set new Long Beach to Washington air record, the Army's "Mixmaster" eXperl- mental bomber crashed to destruc- tion at nearby Oxon Hill, Md, yes terday. The three crew members parachuted to safety.
 Nicknamed for its unique pro- uellor-in-t design, the XB-42 was on a routine flight from Boiling Field Army air base.
 The highly streamlined craft averaged 432 miles an hour in the five-hour, 17-minute flight from Long Beach, Calif., Dec. 8.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
STOCK QUOTATIONS

NEW YORK, Dec. r Closing quotation of Alaska Juneau Mine stock today is BE-, American Can 101h, Anaconda AIS, Curtiss- Wright 7H International Harvester 94k, Kennecott 48, New York Gen. tral 3lss. Northern Pacific 35, U. s. Steel 79%, Pound S4031a.
 Sales today were l.990.Oo0 shares.
 Dow, Jones averages today were as follows: Industrials, l93.39; rails, 62.62; utilities, 3814.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
ALASKANS IN TOWN

Among Baranof guests registered at the Baranof Hotel from other parts of Alaska are the following Ernest Andrews and A. Osberg, Ketchikan; Carl w. s. Pojomer, Kodiak; Ensign E. c. Hunter, For tuna Ledge; Jack P. Sexton and Robert L. Collins, Anchorage; Mrs. Betty Cunningham and children, Fairbanks; Mrs. Lloyd Moody, Palmer; and Ed Smither, Fair banks.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
SUPER SALESMAN

PORTLAND, Ore. - A suburban realtor ran an ad in Portland paper urging residents to "get out of town" to a property where they would have atomic bomb protec- tion."
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
JUNEAU PORT VISITORS

Three Navy patrol craft and one U. s. Navy mineswe eper were weekend visitors in port here. The vessels are enroute to Kodiak Naval Base.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
BACK TO GUSTAyUS

Mrs. Nora B. Chase, who has been visiting in Juneau, returned to her Gustavus home Sunday via Alaska Airlines.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
RETURNS TO HAYNES

M V. Raney, who has been a guest at the Baranof, returned to Haines on the Steamer Princess Norah.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
BROWN HERE

Walter H. Brown of the Surplus Property Commission at Anchorage is a guest at the Baranof.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17
VISITOR FROM IOWA

Alex F. Heniksen of Audubon, Ia., is registered at the Gastineau Hotel.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17

Quebec was founded by Samuel de Champlain in 1905
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17

(Continued on Page Four)
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-12-17

(Continued on Page Two)
Evening star., 1945-10-07

however, We have not only the AFL,.
but the CIO, the United Mine
Workers and the railroad brother
hoods as major labor groups, the
two first named being by far the
largest numerically.
1t Is suggested that the new
agency be composed of six labor
representatives-two to be chosen
by the AFL, two by the CLIO, and
one each by the mine workers and
the railroad brotherhoods- six
employer representatives to be
chosen by the National Industrial
Conference Board, with a joint
chairman for labor and a Joint
chairman for employers to be
chosen by the members of each
group, and with a panel of IL um-
pires to be designated by the
President.
One thing may be set down as a
fact: Until this question of labor's
representation is ironed out and
settled there Is no need of worrying
over contingent questions of the
new boards jurisdiction, proce-
dures, code of principles and poll
cies, and enforcement powers.
And another thing stands out as
a potentiality to be borne in mind
and that is the attitude of the
public, presently bit jittery, with
strikes and lockouts or layoffs
building up an army of hundreds
of thousands of idle workers.
Also the public is determined
that prolonged state of turmoil
and uncertainty In industrial and
economic affairs Is not to be en-
dured.
Evening star., 1945-10-07

Twenty member bodies of the
Federation of Citizens Associations
will hold monthly meetings this
week. The schedule follows:
Monday.
American University Park-Hurst
Hall, American University, Nebraska
and Massachusetts, avenues NV,
Sis pm.
Brentwood Terrace-Oyster Club
1851 Saratoga avenue NE. $50 pm
Burleith-Gordon Junior High
Thirty-flfth and T streets NE.
8 pm.
Fort Davis-Ryland Methodist
Church, Branch avenue and
street Sc.
Kalorama-Adams School, Nine
teenth and California streets NV,
8pm.
Mount Pleasant-Bancroft School
Newton and Eighteenth streets NV.
8p.m
National Gateway-Church OF
Christ, Twenty-eigh and Douglas
streets NE. 8 pm.
Northeast-Ludlow School, Sixth
and G streets NE, 8 pm.
Stanton Park-Fifth and c streets
NE, pm; election of officers.
Evening star., 1945-10-07
Carmichael
Continued From Page C-S)

michael would like to do something
earthly and honey" Say, I bet he
could play viii Rogers! He can't
spin rope, but he has the same
down-to-earth, good will to all
qualities that Will possessed.
Movies, radio shows and song
writing are only part of Hoagy's
life. He wrote book in 1882 on
Blk Biederbecke, the late music
maker. 1t was not published then.
but Hoagy Is now revising 1t and
hopes to have it on the bookstands
soon.
He is married-to Model Ruth
Meinardi, sister of Helen the writer.
They have two sons, Hoagy Blk,
aged 7, and Randy Bob, S. They
live in a beautiful house with a
swimming pool in Holmby Hills.
Hoagy plays a good game of golf.
and better game of tennis. He
likes to give parties, and he likes to
play his own music. I'VE all do," he
says. His close friends here are the
Howard Hawks, Victor Flemings,
Gary Coopers, Lee Bowmans and
Cary Grant.
Apart from "Stardust," Hoagy will
probably go down to posterity as
the only known man who cuts his
own hair. He has a BARRIERS chair
at home. He says he has never
been to a barber in his life! He
also cuts the hair OF his two boys.
S. G.
released by North American NewspaDsr
Trr
Evening star., 1945-10-07
Labor
Continued From Page C-l.,

by code of principles and policies.
CREATION: President Wilson by
executive proclamation on April 8,
1918, established the board and its
code.
CODE: The right of both work
ers and employers to organize,
without interference; maintenance
of existing conditions as to union
shop or open shop; equal pay for
women for equal work; basic eight
hour day where existing law re-
quired it; maintenance of maximum
production; wages, hours, and con-
ditions of labor to be fixed with due
regard to labor standards, wage
scales. and all other conditions pre-
vailing in the localities affected:
the right of all workers to a living
wage, with minimum rates of pay
insuring the subsistence Of the
worker and his family in health and
reasonable comfort.
JURISDICTION: In all cases re-
ferred to the board by the concilia-
tion division of the Department of
Labor, or by any other govern
mental labor agency; on complaint,
either by labor or by management;
on joint submissions by labor and
management, and, in extraordinary
cases, on its own motion, or inter-
vention.
DECISIONS: Must be unanimous,
or, failing unanimity in any case,
the case must be submitted to an
umpire, drawn by lot from panel
of 10 umpires nominated by the
President, the decision Of the UNI
pire to become the decision of the
board, and final. All decisions were
retroactive in each case to the date
the board assumed jurisdiction in
that case.
ENFORCEMENT: BY the Presi-
dents exercise of his war powers.
Recalcitrant workers were told that
they must work or fight and that
they would not be employed in
any other war industry or plant;
recalcitrant employers were told
that their plants would be taken
over and operated by the Govern
ment. No enforcement was neces-
sary in joint submission cases, as
the joint submission agreement
stipulated that the boards award
or finding would be accepted and
put into effect. In larger plants,
the boards awards were admins
tered and interpreted by represent
atives of the board assigned to that
task.
RECORD: 1,270 cases received; Is
consolidated with other cases; $40
formal awards or findings; 39l cases
dismissed, mostly for lack of prose-
cution or because settlements had
been reached on the basis of find
ings In other cases; 315 transferred
to other agencies; and "a cases
pending or on the docket because
Evening star., 1945-10-07

of this surplus property must be
adequate; that the information re-
garding the property declared sur
plus must be quickly available and
declarations Of surplus property
must be made by the Government
agencies without delay.
The Surplus Property Administra-
tion Is swamped with requests for
information and with applications
to purchase property of one kind
or another. The administration
which itself sells nothing, is In a
position to tell applicants to what
agencies they should apply, and
where they are located and their
sales agencies. Thousands OF ap-
plications have been received from
persons who wish to purchase jeeps,
for example. Yet up to the present
none of the jeeps have been de-
clared surplus property.
The purpose of the administration
is to get as much of the surplus
property into regular trade chan
nels as possible. The disposal
agencies are using a variety Of
methods of pricing goods for sale.
These include negotiated sales, the
sealed bids, auction sales and SELL
ing at specified prices. The last
Is the preferred method, wherever
it Is possible. The Government is
particularly anxious to prevent sur
plus property from falling into the
hands of spectators for speculative
purposes. It's effort is to get wide
distribution of surplus commodities
to consumers at fair prices.
The acquisitions of all kinds Of
property by the Government for war
purposes have been so vast as to
stagger the imagination. Take real
estate alone. Up to last March the
Government had purchased, mostly
for the War and Navy Departments
approximately 5000, 900 acres and
&c, ESQ parcels of land not measured
in acres, at a cost of some $577,-
100000. Probably only small por-
ton of these holdings will be placed
on the market for sale. Billions
of dollars have been tied up in in
dustrial plants, making aluminium
synthetic rubber and other war es-
sentials.
1t is certain that Congress, through
its committees, intends to keep
sharp eye on the disposal of sur
plus property of the Government.
Representatives of the now defunct
board have made many appear
ances before House and Senate
committees in the past year. In
such a vast undertaking as the
disposal of 100000 ,ooo, 900 worth of
property. complaints and charges of
many kinds seem inevitable. The
new setup for the disposal Of the
property appears much more EN-
cient. 1t has to prove itself, Of
course One of the greatest dangers
to the satisfactory performance of
its task is governmental red tape.
Evening star., 1945-10-07
20 Groups to Meet This Week

West End-Police precinct No. 8
20l4 x street NV, 8 pm; election
of officers.
Tuesday.
Benning-Benning School, Mime.
sofa avenue between Benning roac
and Foote NE, 8 pm.
Logan-Thomas Circle-1536 Six.
teenth street NV, 8 pm.
Summit Park-Beers School, Thir-
ty-sixth place and Alabama avenue
Sc, 8 pm.
Wednesday.
North Randle Community-Kim.
ball School, Minnesota avenue anc
Ely place Sc, 8 pm.
Rhode Island Avenue-Bateman's
store, 20O4 Rhode Island avenue
NE, 8 pm; Western Electric films
Thursday.
Congress Heights - Congre
Heights School, Fifth street and
Nichols avenue Sc, 8 pm.
Park View-Park View School
Newton and Warder streets NV.
8 pm.
Friday.
Bradbury Heights-Dayis School
Forty-fourth and H streets Sc,
pm; election of officers.
Brightwood-Paul Junior High
School, Eighth street and Concord
avenue NV, 8 pm; election of
officers.
Observation-Disclosures, Cali
fornla street and Connecticut ave-
nue. NV. 8 pm.
Evening star., 1945-10-07
THE SUNDAY STAR, Washington D. c. ca


the board was unable to agree as to
their disposition. During the life
OF the board Git was dissolved on
August is, 1919 there was not a
single strike involving an entire
industry, or of national proportion,
or that seriously impeded the manu-
facture and movement of munitions
and supplies to the Nations armed
forces. Numerous strikes and small
controversies were settled without
coming to the board, through nego-
tiation and conciliation based on
precedents in the boards awards
and findings. Within less than three
months after the board went out of
existence the country was in the
throes Of two great strikes, steel
and coal. that threatened indus
trial paralysis.
President Acted Only Three Times.
In only three instances was 1t
necessary for the President to ex-
ercise his war powers to enforce
board awards and findings-in the
Western Union Telegraph Co. case
and in the Smith g. Wesson Co.
case, both involving discrimination
on account of union membership
and In the Bridgeport case in which
several thousand workers declined
to accept wage rates and conditions
Of work fixed by the board. In
only 20 cases was there resort To
decisions or findings by umpires
One of these, incidentally, was a
case involving the eight-hour day
in which Henry Ford as umpire
upheld the principle of the shorter
work day.
To set up a similar agency In the
present situation is concededly
more difficult than in time and
under conditions such that the
President could accomplish IL
through the exercise of his war
powers. Now 1t must be done
through action by Congress, and
that means two fights. In the first
place, the labor industry conference
must be brought into agreement, OF
into substantial agreement, on de-
tails Of the proposal, and no one
Is so visionary as to believe that
possible without a major conflict,
Then the fight would be transferred
to the committee rooms and legis-
iative halls on Capitol Hill, and
conceivably that might develop into
the battle of the century.
Further to complicate matters
somewhere along the line some one,
1t Is fairly certain, will speak up
frankly and hang a new tag on the
proposal. declaring 1t to be nothing
more nor less than an effort to set
up a labor-industry court of last
resort" There is even more ex-
plosive material in that, it will be
found, than in compulsory arbitra-
ton" Just why that is true is by
no means simple of elucidation, and
that need not be undertaken until
the event catches up with us.
No Single Voice for Labor.
But before we even get into the
two fights which are In prospect,
there is question to which an
answer must be found: Without
solidarity in the field of organized
labor, how is the labor representa-
ton in the proposed agency to be
allocated?
In 1918, no such problem pre-
sented itself. Then there was but
one national labor group, the Amer
ican Federation of Labor, and it
was as easy as ABC to call on that
body to name the labor members
OF the War Labor Board, and
everybody was satisfied. Now.
Evening star., 1945-10-07
Surplus
(Continued From Paae C-1l

tContlnued From Page C-lD
to veterans is mandatory under (
regulation Of the Surplus Propert.
Administration-originally made BY
the board.
Under the act of Congress, tht
Federal Government agencies, tht
State and municipal governments
are are given priorities in the pur.
chase of property declared to b.
surplus. They have, in fact, 80 day.
in which to make purchases before
the goods, OF whatever kind, ART
open to sale to trade channels ant
individuals. War veterans-10, 900, ).
900 or so Of them-are given pref.
erance" in the purchase of buying
surplus property to be used in bust.
ness-agricultural, industrial or com.
mercial. There is limit of $25, ,00t
worth Of such property for agri.
culture and $4,000 for industria
and commercial businesses. Tht
veteran, however, gets no specia
preference on furniture to be usec
In his home.
States and municipal government.
are urged to set up central agencie.
of their own for making applica.
tions for the purchase of surplu,
property and steps along these lines
have already been taken. 1t has
been estimated there are 285,0O(
of these Federal, State and loca.
government agencies-all with pri.
ority rights.
The problem of taking care of the
veterans preferential rights is one
of the most difficult which the
Surplus Property Administration
has to solve. The administrator anc
his assistants are giving it their i'm
mediate attention. Small business
men also have their preference In
making purchases. Indeed, the many
provisions laid down by Congress
for the disposal of all this property
add to an already difficult task.
Must Be Moved Promptly.
Time is the essence in this mer.
chandizing Of surplus property. A
great deal of the property has al
ready been used, has deteriorated
and Is in danger of deterioratine
still more. Unless it is disposed OF
promptly, both the Government and
the consuming public stands to lose
1t becomes increasingly clear that
the number of outlets for the sale
Evening star., 1945-10-07
Greek Theatrical Firsts

The Greek theater established the
three features that characterized
theater building through many sue
ceeding centuries-auditorium, or
chestra and scene.