davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-09-04
Draft Deferment
system Is Placed
On Peacetime Basis
Medical and Dental
Students Permitted to
Complete Schooling

National Selective service to-
day changed its deferment sys-
tenn from a war to a peace time
footing, eliminating the classi-
flcation given to men in war
production and providing a new
definition for the national
health, safety and interest,"
Draft boards also were asked to
give special consideration to the
postvictory draft eligibles-men in
the 1926 age g1oup-now taking
medicine, dentistry, osteopathy and
veterinary medicine in recognized
schools. Generally, selective service
ruled, they will be allowed to COM
plete their schooling.
The IA classification. which pre-
viously was given men in war sup
porting activities" now will be the
only classification for occupational
deferment and will go to those con-
tributing to the national health
safety and interest along these
lines:
/. The production and services re-
quired to maintain the armed forces
of the United States during the pc
riod of the occupation of enemy
territory.
2. Research, development and
manufacturing Of weapons, or other
items necessary to the maintenance
of adequate national defense.
8. Transportation and other ac-
tivities required for the demobiliza-
ton of our armed forces
4. Activities and services required
for an expeditions reconversion from
a wartime to peacetime economy
SIS. Other activities which the 10
cal board considers essential on a
national or local basis.
Selective service emphasized that
special consideration for deferment
should be given to men working on
national defense projects and key
personnel in reconversion activities. .
AS OF August 81. draft boards were
instructed, men who were in 2-B-
the war production classification,
automatically revert to PA and will
continue in that group until their
deferment expires or their status
changes.
Evening star., 1945-09-04
us. Begins Scrappine
Intelligence Services
Built During War
Huge Files Of Doto
To Be Lost to Nation
Under Present Plan
STORY ON ACTIVITY of the Office
of Strategic Services. Page AS
By WALLACE r. DEUEL..

By WALLACE r. DEUEL..
America is going back to
normalcy" today, just as it did
after the last war, in at least
one important respect-it is dis
mantling the intelligence serv-
ices built up at staggering ex-
pense and heartbreak during the
war.
The twin enthusiasms for peace
and economy already have carried
this dismantling process far.
The Office of Strategic Services
the most secret organization ever
developed by the United States, is
on its way out of existence. Its
vital work of co-ordinating intel
ligence work may be shelved soon
for under the Second War Powers
Act the OSS will die January /, 1916
unless action is taken to continue
tine agency.
Even the records of the most am
bilious attempt America ever made
to conduct undercover operations in
foreign countries are in danger OF
getting lost for the lack of personnel
to keep track of them and places to
file them.
Dismantling Cuts Files.
If the dismantling goes on much
longer there won't be anything but
pieces left. Then if America decides
it wants a permanently co-ordinated
intelligence system, it will have to
start all over again.
If this happens the decision as to
what kind of system is adopted
will not be made on the merits of
the argument. 1t will be made by
the sheer force of events set in mo-
ton in a fit of absent -mindedness-
as has always been the case in the
past.
The United States has entered
all its wars without an intelligence
system worthy of the name. 1t has
had to improvise as best it could
while the war was going on.
When the fighting ended, America
promptly junked the system it had
built up.
Four Reasons for Neglect.
There seem to be four main rea-
sons why the United States has neg
lected secret intelligence.
l. Many Americans have thought
that the United States was so strong
and so remote from danger that it
didn't need any intelligence system
at all in peacetime, and needed only
a rudimentary one even in war.
2. Secret intelligence operations
which are an essential part, al
though only part of co-ordinated
intelligence system - have been
looked on, even in some quarters
high in the armed forces, as i'm
moral" 'mdemocratic" and "un-
American"
8. Some persons have feared that
q secret intelligence service would
provoke trouble rather than pre-
vent 1t, that 1t would embroil Amer
lea in foreign complications, rather
(See DEUEL., Page A-31
Evening star., 1945-09-04
Action Pledged on Marine Rule
KEEPING Devereux q Major

Chairman Vinson of the House
Naval Affairs Committee today
promised committee action to
change Marine Corps rules which
keep Maj. James P. S. Devereux,
Wake Island defender, and other
Marine heroes from getting back
pay for promotions for which they
we're designated while in prison
camps.
Although Maj. Devereux-of whose
whereabouts no official word has
yet been received-was Selected for
promotion" to a lieutenant. colonel
soon after he was imprisoned in
1941, he must accept the commission
and pass physical examination be-
fore he gets the colonelcy pay, Maj.
William McCahill, acting Marine
Evening star., 1945-09-04

Corps press chief, revealed. No
retroactive pay is given under Ma
rine regulations, he said.
Maj. McCahill said Maj. Devereux
had been selected for temporary
promotion" and would have been
promoted on May is, 1912, to rank
from May 8, 1912, providing he
could have qualified, but the promo
ton was not effected due to his be-
ing prisoner of war.
The rule does not apply in the
Army.
That sort Of thing must be cor
rected by legislation" Chairman
Vinson commented. I'VE must treat
(See DEvEREUX, Page A-3.)
Evening star., 1945-09-04
Bulletin
Seeks Pearl Horbor Probe

Senator Ferguson, Repub-
lican, of Michigan said today
he would introduce a resolu-
tion calling for a full congress
sional inquiry into the cir
cumstances of the japanese
attack on Pearl Harbor. He
said. he would seek either a
special Senate committee to
make the invstigation, or a
special joint committee.
Evening star., 1945-09-04
Australia Plans Tux Cur

CANBERRA, Sept. (P).-The
Australian cabinet approved in prin-
ciple today 1871 per cent reduction
In personal income taxes and a
lowering of sales taxes over a wide
range OF commodities. The propos-
ais are expected to be submitted
with. the budget Thursday and to
become effective by January /.
Evening star., 1945-09-04
Upper House Acknowledges
Reality of Jops' Defeat

SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. lP.-
The japanese House of Peers this
afternoon resolved ito acknowledge
the reality of our defeat" and ito
cut a way out of the present situa-
lSee HIROHITO. Page A-2.)
Evening star., 1945-09-04

ambitions of future dictators who
would plunge the world into war.
mo longer may the head of a
state consider himself outside the
law, and impose on the people of
(See JACKSON, Page Asa
Evening star., 1945-09-04

Two additional men from
the Washington area haze
been reported killed in the par.
See "on the Honor Roll" page
Az.
Evening star., 1945-09-04

(See HIROHTTO. Page A.
Evening star., 1945-09-04

(see OCCUPATION, Page A-3J
Evening star., 1945-09-04

(See HIROSHIMA. Pare A-21
Evening star., 1945-12-02
Foger Shakespeare Library Shrine Of AngoSaxon Culture

portraits, three OF them by Sir
Joshua Reynolds; reprints. facsimi-
les and scholarly editions of the
authors represented in the library:
books of reference, and publications
of learned societies; photographed
treatises, and similar works needed
by students in their Investigations.
Finally, for museum purposes. the
library possesses several hundred oil
paintings dncluding canvases by
early painters and by such modern
artists as Lawrence, Gainsborough.
Reynolds, Blake. Turner. Sully, Rom
ney. etc); miscellaneous relics and
objects of art, specimens Of Eliza
bethan furniture, 18th century musi-
cal instruments (the Dolmetsch COL
lection), and much other material
useful for illustrating the age of
Shakespeare. Many of these mu-
scum items, along with changing
display of selected books and manu-
script treasures, are shown in the
exhibition gallery. which is open to
the public daily except Wednesday
from 9 am. to pm. and on Sum
days from 2 pm. to Z pm.
Evening star., 1945-12-02

One might ask what was Mr..
Folger's purpose in assembling such
rare and costly collections as have
been described and then presenting
them to the Nation. The answer is
that he conceived of his library as
an instrument for the advancement
of learning. He understood that the
kind Of material he was bringing to-
gether would be of Importance
mainly to advanced scholars and
that other libraries would readily
provide the general public with the
books they would normally need for
reading and study. And hence he
directed that his library be de-
Evening star., 1945-12-02

criticized. The value of research TO
a nations progress in such fields as
industry, medicine, or even the ART
of war, Is now being more and more
fully recognized, and the necessity
Of research in the field of the hu-
manities to q nations cultural de-
velopment should be as easily un-
derstood. Mr.. Folger clearly realized
this necessity, and so did another
successful man Of affairs, j. P. Nor
gan, who left his great library OF
rare books and manuscripts Ito men
Of learning in all countries"
Museum Items
So far in this description of the
Folger attention has been confined
to its collections of early printed
books and manuscripts-the things
that constitute the backbone OF the
library. But others of its collections
are distinguished, as for example:
ESQ, 1000 play bills, $500 prompt books.
100000 prints, memorabilia OF IA
nous Shakespearean scholars and
actors COT David Garrick several
thousand items. including 10 oil
Evening star., 1945-12-02
English Bellies Letfres

lection Of English bellies lettres
from 1640 to 100. How rich that
collection is may be briefly illustrat-
ed. The recently compiled New
berry checklist Of all plays pub
lished between 1640 and TOO held
in American libraries shows that
the FOlger's collection, numbering
more than 1000 items, Is easily the
largest; and Macdonald's great
photography of John Dryden and
Drydeniana reveals that the Fol-
gers collection in this field, repre-
sentative OF the literature of the
Restoration, is virtually complete.
Nor do the library's collections OF
early-printed books constitute the
Folger,s sole claim to distinction.
Its collection of manuscripts num-
bers approximately $1,000. Many of
these are 50 precious and 50 i'm
portant to scholars that, did space
allow, a description of them would
be exciting.
Literary Treasures
Since all the manuscripts and sew
eral thousand Of the printed
books are unique the library Is faced
with the responsibility of safeguard
ing them with utmost care, for the
loss of or damage to such fireplace
able material would result In seri-
Gus injury to the cause Of scholar
ship. Moreover, most Of the manu-
scripts and early books in the IL
brary's keeping are costly. For one
little volume that one might easily
slip into . coat pocket Mr.. Folger
refused an offer of $15O,OOO; not q
few of the volumes have q value in
excess of $50, 900, while thousands of
others have . value Of approxi-
mately $1,000 each, and the market
worth of the collection as q whole
Is well in excess of $4,000, 900.
In view of these facts, 1t is obvious
that the library cannot allow the
general public unrestricted access
to its holdings. But 1t is eager to
have every person who has a reason
to do SO consult any Of its books
or manuscripts. however costly or
fragile.
Evening star., 1945-12-02
IN the Folger Shakespeare Libra

TN the Folger Shakespeare Libra
ry Washington possesses dis
Il tinguished cultural library,
notable alike for the rarity ana
costliness of its holdings. and Tor
the exhaustiveness with which 1t
covers the particular field to which
it is dedicated. That field Is not
by any means limited, as many
persons mistakenly suppose, to
Shakespeare. It is true. of course,
that the library's collection OF
Shakespeareana Is both the richest
and most extensive ever assembled.
But remarkable as this world-re-
nowned collection IS. 1t does not
constitute the sole claim OF the
Folger to eminence.
Another of its collections. the ex-
fstence of which is not generally
realized by the public. adds to the
library q value for English scholar-
ship that can hardly be overesu-
mated. The aim of this collection
is no more nor less than to include,
Irrespective of kind, every book,
pamphlet. and broadside printed in
England, Scotland, Ireland. and
Wales from the beginning OF print
ing by Caxton In the year l475 TO
the establishment of the common
wealth by Cromwell in 1640. Thus
1t serves to give a comprehensive
view extending from the Renais-
sance to the Restoration) OF An
glo-Saxon culture in every form OF
Intellectual effort-literature, schol-
arship, philosophy, law, theology.
history. the pure and applied
sciences, geography, voyage and dis
covery, music, the fine arts. and
SO on.
Priceless Collection
Towards the accumulation of this
great collection the founder de-
voted the latter years OF his LIE;
and upon his death he left his
private fortune as an endowment
for the development of his library
@along the lines already laid down."
This endowment has enabled his
successors to increase in q notable
way the particular collection dis
cussed above. In 1888 they added to
1t the famous Harmsworth collec-
tion Of over 5000 pre-164l English
printed books; and annually they
have secured many hundred indi-
vidual items by purchase on the
market Of Europe and America.
The Folger, OF course, cannot
claim to possess every book, PAM
phlet, and broadside printed in
England, Scotland. Ireland, and
Wales between the years 1475 and
l64l, 50 numerous are they and
often so excessively rare that no
library could possibly secure them
all. But its collection Is now the
second largest in the world, and
is surpassed only by that in the
British Museum; further, well more
than q thousand Of its volumes
exist no where else. The superia-
tive importance of this section Of
the hbrary's holdings win instantly
be realized and hence need not here
be stressed.
English Bellies Letfres
But the Folger's holdings Of early
printed books does not abruptly stop
with the year 1640. It IS supple
Evening star., 1945-12-02

"A dream book :. the quinees-
sencs Of American humor.-
Atlantic Monthly. Illustrated BY
Garth Williams. $500
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-26

Then our Government asked for more
milk, more cheese E.. for our own men in
training . for our civilians who pitched
into the jobs of all out war production
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-26

had some stock Of Kraft S famous cheese
food, Velveeta, with it's rich yet mild
cheddar flavor. And here is the reason
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-26

Extremely urgent was the call for cheese
shippable, storable American cheddar
cheese =. with its complete. high-quality
protein =. with its concentration of the
minerals of milk
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-26

'RTs ARE MADE BY The MEN AND WOMEN OF n
Detroit evening times., 1945-08-26

In the last three years America has been
producing cheese in tremendous quantities.
Nearly billion pounds of all varieties
-. almost 800 million pounds of cheddar
cheese alone in a single yearl
Evening star., 1945-07-23
u. 5. '!mperiaIistie,
Yenan Radio Says
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
CHUNGKING July %. - The
Chinese Communist radio at Yenan
said today American policy toward
China had become definitely i'm
perialistic," and would reduce this
country to the status of colony
or Semicolony of the United States. 3"
The Yenan broadcast said Maj.
Gen. Patrick J. Hurley, United
States Ambassador, had made mis-
representations during visit to
Washington in April, and subse-
quent articles in American news
papers showed that Americas policy
toward China had become def
nitely imperialistic."
China the broadcast said, must
choose between this false democ-
racy supported by the United States
and real democracy sponsored by
the Chinese Communist party"
The radio spokesman then ap-
pealed to the United States Gov
ernment Army Ito repudiate the
new foreign policy sponsored by
Hurley"
He charged that the national gov
eminent at Chungking represents
feudalism and Fascism," and said
future peace in China depended
upon American support of the
Chinese Communists democratic
roljrv"
Evening star., 1945-07-23
.WLB Orders Wards
To Show Cause on
Cases in 7 Cities
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
The War Labor Board will seek
an explanation from Montgomery
Ward & Co. on August of what
the board calls the company's fail
ure to comply with WLB directives
in seven cities.
A similar noncompliance citation
resulted last December in Army
seizure of company properties in
seven other cities. In addition to
operating a mail order business,
the company has general merchan-
disc retail stores.
The August 3 show-cauSe hear
ing will be held here.
The board announced yesterday
that 1900 employees represented
by both AFL and CIO unions are
involved in the new case in Pueblo,
Colo; Baltimore; Kansas City, Mo;
Kansas City, Kans; Trenton, N. j.;
Washington, Pa, and Barre, Vt.
Principal issue in the present dis
puteS is maintenance of union men,
bership, although wages and other
benefits enter into some of the cases
Maintenance of membership was
the core of the controversy last
December when Sewell Avery, board
chairman Of the company, refused
to agree to this and led to Army
seizure of properties in Chicago, De-
troit, Denver, ST, Paul, Portland,
Greg; San Rafael, Calf, and ia
maica, N. Y.
A United States District Court held
the seizures illegal, but this divi-
sion was overruled in the Chicago
Circuit Court of Appeals. An at
tempt to appeal to the Supreme
Court is pending.
Evening star., 1945-07-23
500 Jap Troops Killed
In Pegu Area in Burma
BY the Associated Press.

BY lne ASSOCldteQ fTeSS.
CALCUTTA. July 23.-More than
500 japanese troops attempting to
break out of a British ring in the
Pegu area in Burma have been
killed a Southeast Asia command
communique said today.
The communique said the enemy
was continuing attacks against "our
Gordon at many places" but that
only a small portion has succeeded
in escaping eastward toward the
Sittang River.
The 500 japanese troops slain do
not include those killed by our
artillery and air strikes" against
the heavy concentration trapped
west Of the Mandalay-R -Ragoon road,
it was announced
Southeast Asia headquarters esti-
mated the total number of Japa-
nese in the pocket at 5000.
Evening star., 1945-07-23
Calcium Vital Factor For
Strong Bones, Sound Teeth

Doctors report that many a child with
ugly bowed legs or knock-knees might
have grown up straight and shapely
on diet adequate in the bone-build-
ing minerals and Vitamin D.
Lack of calcium, for instance, in
the earliest years may do irreparable
damage-but in any case, calcium is
so vital factor that no child brought
up on a consistently deficient calcium
intake, can have much chance for
strong bones and sound teeth.
That's one reason doctors talk so
much about milk for growing children.
Milk is our best food source of cal
. eium. Do your children get enough
Evening star., 1945-07-23

milk. at least a quart euery day'
Many children just don't like to take
that much every day! That's why
Cocomalt in milk is so helpful.
Cocomalt* is so rich in calcium. it
makes 3 glasses of milk equal to a
1OItole quart tn calcium valuel (Also
this supplies the days full minimum
requirements for iron, phosphorus,
Vitamin b and d. And Cocomalt's
delicious chocolaty flavor makes chill
dren love their milk.
Start your children on Cocomalt
today. Save this as reminder.
- keapina tsps. to Soc. glass Of nsi11s
Evening star., 1945-07-23
Wife Wins Relief
From Neuritis Pain

Thousands of sufferers from the tc turing
pains due to rheumatism, Sclatlca. lumbeg go,
neuralgia and neurItis-are mighty happy over
their discovery of NORITO. Now they have
found a quick-acting formula which speedily
relieves those exhausting muscular aches and
pains. NORIrO is trustworthy and dependable
really works fast. If you want to feel again
the Joy of relief from pain-so you can work in
peace and sleep in comfort-be wise and try
NORITO under this ironclad guarantee. II the
very FIRST three doses do not relieve that cruel
pain to your satisfaction-your money will bs
refunded. Don't suffer. See your druggist today
and get NORITO on this guarantees.
Evening star., 1945-07-23
WHAT A TRAGEDY
S&FOR SO MANY
YOUNG WIvESmho.
Neglect Intimate
Feminine Cleanliness!

Too many young women still don't
realize how important douching often
is to feminine health and happiness.
Such careless ignorance Of cleanliness
has wrecked many marriage.
Weak. homemade mixtures of salt,
soda or vinegar DO NOT and CAN NOT give
the great oerTicfddl and deOdoTdnt aC-
tion of zoNTE-discovery of 4 famous
Surgeon and Chemist. No other type
liquid antiseptic-g germicide for the
douche of all those tested is so POWER
YUL yet so SAFE to delicate tissues.
EONTTE positively contains no CarbOlio
acid. no mercury, no phenol. You can
use zoNITE as directed as often as you
wish!
zoNTTE destroys odor Helps guard
against infection. 1t KILLS every germ 1t
touches. You know It's not always pos
sible to contact all germs in the tract.
But YoU CAN BE SURE that ZoNTTE i'm
rtediGtely kills all redChGble germSt
Buy zoNTTE at any drugstore.
Evening star., 1945-07-23
81 D. {. Men 10 Report
For Induction Today

A total Of 81 Washington men will
report for induction into the armed
forces today, selective service head
quarters announced. The mems
Evening star., 1945-07-23

tlttllANs1 4 VI ~ "
NuneZ. Julio
Del Rio, Arturo 3.
Burrows. Kenneth
Leslie. Harry
Sifton, Paul
Cousido. Ricardo
Brin, Charles
Brittle, Melvin
Grunwold, Robert
Jordan, John
Mullins, Elwood
TWenhofcl. William
West. Hugh
Pegg, William
Garcia. Henry
Allen, Everett, jr.
Evening star., 1945-07-23

Banks. Harold
Berry, Edward
COtman, James
Graham. Walter
Hawkins, Robert
Hill, John
Mercer, Willard
McCaskill, Alvin
Propst. Hubert
Stewart, James, lr,
wilson, James, jr.
Freeman. Leroy
Grimes, Levie
Hough, Ulysses
johnson, Thomas
Morgan, William
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-04

~l Qlhat grand day ii will be-, when YOU look for
NJ and find at jewelers. in your the Egn
Match of your choice That happy day is coming
coming sooner than you expected.
Egins fourth generation craftsmen have finished those
special tasks they assumed before Pearl Habor and kept
steadily till the wars end From the making of precision
instruments and timing devices for armed forces they've
turned the creation of fine watches for YOU will be while
Telegraf. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1909-1951, 1945-07-13
Praha odpovida nemeckemu
poslanci Wenzel Jakschovi.

(CTK) - z prazskeho roz-
hlasu re dine 3. cervence:
"VGdce byvale nemecke So
cialne-demokraticke strany v
Ceskoslovensku poslanec Wen
eel Jaksch nedavno zaslal do
pis presidentu Trumanovi, v
nemz professional prot postupu
ceskoslovenske vlady pri resent
sudetske otazky. Jaksch sc tez
pokousel zahajit tiskovou kan
pan prot vystehovanf Nemc1
"a hranice. Londynsky tydenfk
New Statesman and Nation
vsak otiskl dopis byvale nemec-
ke socialne- po-
slankyne Ireny Kirpalove, KITE
ra nynf dill Londyne. We SVEN
dopise Kirpalova konstatuje,
Re Jaksch, De Witte a Katz ne
NELL pravomoc vystupovat ci
jednat jmenem vsech 8 nemec-
kych socialne
~poslanc1 nyn1 zij1c1ch We wy
hnanstv1, ami jmenem cele stra-
ny. V dopise Kirpalova zdG-
raznuje, re take JIM byvalf ne
mectf socialnf demokratictl po-
slanci nesdflej1 nazory Jaks-
chovy vztahuj1c1 Sc ma cesko-
slovensko-nemecke probl6my.
Irena Kirpalova poukazuje
ma to, re byvaly vice-president
ceskoslovenske snemovny a Sc
kretaf strany nemeckych soci-
aln1ch demokrat1 Taub nepo-
depsali JakschIv protestnf do
pis.