davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-28

Hangers OF America employs a per.
rnanent Negro organizer. Other
unions with many Negro members
are the United Once and Profess
sional Workers, the Social Service
Employees. and the Sand Hogs.
Both the Clio and the AFL have
labor committees 10 combat racial
discrimination and there is also a
Negro labor committee representing
both unions. AS many unions do not
tsbulste membership according 10
race. 1t is hard to get an accurate
figure. but in 1912 it was estimated
that the ILGWU alone had 1000
Negro members here. The New
York State Committee Against Dis.
elimination is now formally at
work. and should prove an impor-
tsnt part Of the whole picture.
One held newly opened to Negro
women is in large department.
stores as stock girls. elevator opera
tors and bookkeepers In one large
store on Sixth avenue and another
on Lexington avenue there are
some Negro saleswomen. The presi-
dent Of one Of the largest depart
ment stores, q man prominent In
civic and national affairs, says tina,
in making his the frst store on
Fifth avenue TO employ Negro
saleswomen he is not merely re-
lieving war shortage of personnel.
but is starting a permanent policy
as part Of his firms social respon-
sibility. In taking this step he made
it clear that he was net engaging
lower-Paid emPleyees-bcth whites
and Negroes receive the same psy
and maintain the same standards
of work
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-28
HIS POINT Of VIEW

Marriage: when . yea bsesaes
yaws."-Cab lZansibar, csiie-
way.
--Eari wilson.
TIE Esw Yerk Pest
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-28
Ready, willing And Able

Our fsvorite girl wrote us she IS
feeling At as fiddle but IL waiting
for the right beau before she plays.
-BaYksdale Bark
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-28

ANONYMOUS
Editors note: The following Is
the flrst Of . series Of three Arti-
cles by . Detroit member Of Al
ceholics Anonymous which will
appear each week In the Michi-
gan Chrenicle. interested readers
may write 10 the author In strict
confidence In care Of this paper.
AZ the csnclusion Of the series
the author has agreed 10 address
. meeting Of any who are inter
ested In this major health and
social problem, 10 fully explain
the work Of the organization. II
should be noted that the Michigan
Chronicle Is the first Negro news
paper to carry this Amazing story.
Now read the story, and judge
for yeurselfD
Who is an alcoholic. or drunk
ard ofor they are one and the
sameI' He l. an alcoholic who
habitualiy drinks TO excess and
CANNOT stop.
What is an alcoholic An slco.
holic is a SICK man.
or course there are women slco-
holics too. but since most sufferers
are men we shall use only the
pronoun. il being UNDER
stood that these remarks will apply
10 both.
We said that an alcoholic is a
SICK man. That is neither fiction
nor fancy. but the considered opin-
ion OF physicians and psychistris,s
who have studied the effects o..
alcohol for many years.
For many more years society has
declared the alcoholic 10 be weak.
individual. completely
lacking in wlll-power. who just
simply enjoys getting drunk. Moth
ins could be further from the
truth, and today. science and re.
ligion are ready 10 admit that
where their efforts have failed 10
help the excessive drinker. a way
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-28
White-CslIar Jsbs


When the first Negro saleswoman
was put al a prominent counter on
the main floor. one Of the white
sslesgirls tainted dead away at
sight OF the newcomer. We revived
her" says the president noncha-
lantly. explained matters TO her.
and she has gone along well with
the newcomer for two years now.
The Negro is well qualified sales
woman. Many customers. including
southern white women. have writ
ten letters to commend her.
New opportunities for white
collar employment have recently
been given to Negroes by the New
York Telephone Company. the
Chase National Bank and the Inter.
national Business Machines Com
pany. with full use Of all ONCE
facilities and equal chance OF pro-
motion.
New York City itself 10 q treat
employer u Negroes, giving
eausl opportunity threvsh the
fair application Of civh- service
requirements. II Is estimated that
there are SEINE SEQ Negrees
here In civil service pssitisns,
earning more than six million
dollars annually. Federal and
state payroils include another
5000 Netrs employees In the city.
War agencies are not included
in this estimate. City employees
range from street.clezners TO ex.
pert accountants in the comp.
!roller's once and many positions
IN the Department OF Welfare. The
clty-owned subwsys employ large
numbers Of Negroes as track.
walkers. guards. motormen. book
keepers. skilled mechanics ana
electricians There are two Negro
judges in the Domestic Relations
Court one in Special Sessions and
three in the Municipal Court. OF
whom one has q salary OF 1880 q
wear. The city hospitals ncw have
few Negro doctors on their staffs
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-28
by
RUTH DANENHOWER WILSON
CONDENSED from the New
RepublieD

Editors Note: Mrs. Wilson II
the author Of . book about the
Nero In the armed forces called
Jim Crow Joins Up"
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18
issues this warning:


Like all other barbtu-
rates, nembutal may be habtforming 10 persons
OF weak, unstable, or neurotic personality For
this reason, the physician should take steps TO
assure himself that the administration of the drug
remains always under his control and supervision,
and that the patient is prevented from believing
that selfadmnistraton is safe or allowed
-SelEadninistration of the pills is obviously
dangerous, since even physicians must be we'll
grounded in the action of various barbituTaeS If
they are TO prescribe them effectively. Some pills
are quick in action others delayed The effects
Of some are brief; of others, much longer.
The University OF Maryland Medical School is
one institution which trains its students to under
stand the properties of the barbiturates. On the
theory that some people react TO these drugs diff
ferently from Others DR.. John G. Krantz Jr.
Professor Of Pharmacology advises his classes TO
experiment on themselves having first tried
out the brands most in on himself. One morn
ING promising student failed to appear in class
His roommate reported for him
Hes awake, but he can't get out Of bed
Seems numb"
Or Krantz hurried over to see the youth. He
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18

=DRoP+zRI5Y administered the -ha4biturateS- arc
of great value. As a sedative or hypnotic
they are standby of medical practice DR.
Louis Goodman and Or. Alfred Gilman in their
exhaustive treatise on them in The PharmacO
logical Basis of Therapeutics, write:
ANY degree of depression from slight sedation
&ieep coma may be obtained with the barbitur
~. The central depressant effects are employed
10 produce calmness to induce sleep, TO depresS
the motor corteX and thus inhibt convulsons and
to partial or complete surgical aneStheSia."
The medical profession, itself, cannot be wholly
absolvcd for blame for the spread of these mcd
CncS IL is always easy To treat symptoms rather
than underlying causes, and too often the careless
or overworked physician yields TO the temptation
Few pharmaceutical firms are as frank and
conscientious rs the ncmbutal manufacturer who
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18

was just recovering from what amounted to
minor paralysis affecting his whole muscular Sys-
TEN. He is one of those who are allergic TO the
action of barbturateS.
Recovery was prompt But the class had
first.hand illustration Of one of the dangers in
herent in these medicines
EOR many years stringent laws have controlled
such perilous and habitforming drugs as NOR
phine heroin, cocaine, hasheesh, and the like The
public is well instructed in the risks which their
use involves. Traffic among addicts has been
sharply cut down. Some victims have now turned
TO the less enslaving and destructive but still
dangerous barbiturates.
Legislation is urgently needed, CHASING these
drugs with the narcotics and limiting their sale
Without such safeguards the public will lack
necessary protection, and the record of barburate
suicides, crime and delinquency will continue to
climb,
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18

In his next article MIR. Adams will reveal how
the with which sleeping pills may he obtained
has helped increase the number of fatalities caused
by persons taking OverdoScS of these seemingly
harmless Yet deadly pOtOnS.
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18

types Tor the trade, give them different colOrS.
white pills and red. yellow orange. blue and green
capsules They look harmless many
sugar pills. Too often they reach the public with
no sufficient indication that they are not as limo.
cent they look
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-18

Those Harmless" Little Sleep
ing Pills. So Eosy TO Obtain.
Are Goining Victims by +he
Millions. Kill 10 TO 20 a Day.
and Have Become The Notions
Fastest Rising Menace
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1945-04-18
MORE ABOUT
LINCOLN
Continued from Page -

Continued from Page u
clared that If force were used
against the people of that colony
all America ought to support
them in resistance. This was the
first organized attempt to real
ize freedom.
In May of 1775 the End Cont
mental Congress met. They made
provisions for the resistance.
They made provisions for the fl
nancing of the revolutionary
war. They made George Wash
lngton their commander.
And then the revolutionary
war came. They fought and died
that they might be free to de-
velope at their own rate. They
endured many pains that they
might break away from the
shackles of England.
After that war, this alton
found itself in one of its most
critical positions. 1t lacked
unity. The states were confused.
They needed a national govern
ment. one which had to settle
the state arguments.
So they adopted the Articles
of Confederation, but this too
was a failure. 1t was not the
strong national government they
needed. 1t was too weak. 1t
was simply league of friend
ships. Although it failed, it was
the first organized step toward
the Constitution.
1t was no doubt fortunate that
the Articles of Confederation
were weak, for If they had been
strong, we might have been de-
MED the great historic document
known as the American Consti-
tuition.
In 1776 group of Americans
met in Annapolis to lay the
groundwork for the Constitution.
They failed because only five
states sent delegates. This did
not doom them to failure, how
ever, for that great patriot Alex
ander Hamilton helped to snatch
victory out of defeat. He per-
suaded the delegates to come to
Philadelphia the following May.
This time they did not fail.
Early in May they trooped into
the city of Philadelphia-George
Washington, James Madison, Ed
mond Randolph, Robert Morris,
James Wilson and many other
names of great historical prom
inence.
This group of men worked, la
ulCo anu BbuIl6llFHs 1 nGy iOOh0u
into the future of this great
country and saw it's needs and
promises. They looked into the
past and saw how others had
met similar problems. And So
because they wanted the best and
with Gods help they wrote
and ratified:
1--WE, the people of the United
States, in order to form a more
perfect union, establish justice,
insure domestic tranquility, pro-
vide for the common defense, pro-
mote the general welfare. and to
secure the blessings of liberty to
and our posterity, do
ordain and establish this consti-
tuition for the United States of
America"
They divided the governmental
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1945-04-18

agencies into three groups, execu-
tive. judicial and legislative
each balancing and checking the
other.
These great freedoms - free
dom of conscience, freedom of
speech and of the press, right to
assemble and petition, right to
bear arms, protection of persons
and property, right to worship
God in your own way. These
freedoms were born at this con-
yention and became the touch
stone of the United States until
the evil days came upon us.
Even at the time of the writ
ing of the Constitution there
were those in this country who
were holding their brothers in
chains. Your forefathers and
mine were denied these great
freedoms. They were denied the
right to bear arms, to protect
themselves. There was no free
dom for them-there was no hope
no release.
They needed a Moses and God
sent them, one in person of an
humble, unlettered man named
Abraham Lincoln. He was born
in Kentucky and came up the
hard way. He was plotting
boat down the Mississippi when
he witnessed the auction of
slaves, the selling of human be-
ings. He then formed his opin-
ions of slavery. He made a reso-
luton that some day he would
strike it and strike hard. Many
people knew him as Honest
Abe" He was a storekeeper and
lawyer. He lived among the COM
mon people whom he loved. He
had lofty and high ideals and
the brains and patience to see
them realized. Through many dis
appointments and personal sacri-
fices, he finally rose to the high
est position In the United States,
that of President. How did Lin
coin feel toward this great coun-
try and its constitution which he
had been elected to defend and
interprate? Well, Lincoln believ-
ed that a President should first
believe the constitution; second,
understand it; third, interpret it
and fourth, see that it was en-
forced. AS Lincoln studied and
analized one thing became evil
dent to him. That these rights
and privileges outlined in the
Constitution did not extent to
everyone. There were several mil
lion black men who did not en-
joy them.
What of them? Were they sep
arate and distinct? Did the early
forefathers draw the line of free
dom? Is there a black constitu-
ton? A white Constitution? Or
should it apply to all?
Lincoln decided that it must
mean everybody. So, in his typ
ical and honest way, he set about |
to make this great law have
meaning to every man, woman
and child in our great country.
1t took blood, sweat and tears
before Lincolns dream was real
lied. 1t meant brothers fighting
against brothers. country torn,
bleeding and devastated with pow
erty and suffering-it took the
money and food from the hands
and mouths of its people - and
finally, it took the life of its
greatest American - Abraham
Lincoln. But out of this dark
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1945-04-18

ness-out of the era of SORROW
Lincoln's dream was realized and
on December 18th, 1865, Con-
gress wrote and the states rati-
fled the worlds second greatest
Bill of Rights.
Neither slavery nor involun-
tary servitude, except as punish
ment for crime, whereof the party
shall have been duly convicted.
shall exist within the United
States or any place subject to
their jurisdiction.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1945-04-18

IN THE ARMY IN GERMANY
First 1t. Rox E. Watts, 829
S. e. Belmont St., Portland, Ore
gon, Q. M. His entire company
cited for united performance in
line of duty.
The Northwest enterprise. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952, 1945-04-18

lone man with courage makes
majority" once said "Stone-
WALL Andrew Jackson.
Nogales international., 1945-11-02
Veterans Administration

Gen. Omar Bradley, new boss of
the Veterans administration sue
ceeding General Hines. has moved
with military dispatch in reorganiz-
ing the administration to provide
better and more efficient service in
behalf of the stream of veterans
now being discharged from the serv-
ices. 'e~
One of the most important
: changes made by General Bradley
is a complete decentralization of all
veterans facilities under the super
vision of l3 branch Offices Obvious
ly routine decisions can be made
more promptly and more intelligent
ly in vast organization such as the
Veterans administration if they are
not forced through a bottleneck in
Washington.
Another change, one which had
long been a subject for discussion,
and ofttimes of criticism, was the
medical service. The general now
AAoS SCpd1 dSCQ dt1Q C1CNoIC0 IAAS
medical division to higher status
under command of Maj. Gen. Paul
R. Hawley. Under this new arrange.
ment, the new surgeon general" will
report direct to General Bradley.
The Veterans administration is
combing the government agencies
and other channels for help and
likely will emerge in the postwar
era as one of the largest if not the
largest governmental agency, han
ding as it will the affairs of some
II million discharged veterans at one
time or another. The administration
has recently been the object of both
congressional and private investiga-
tion as to conditions within the or
ganization, conditions at Veterans
hospitals, treatment of patients, the
tremendous shortage of physicians
and nurses and other help and
no doubt, it will be General Brad
ley's policy to eliminate immediate.
ly all situations which led to these
investigations.
Nogales international., 1945-11-02
James Meigs, Sr.,
Victim OF
Heart Attack

Mrs. James B. Meigs, ST., of the
Meigs ranch in San Rafael Valley,
left by plane Wednesday for Chi
cago following receipt of a message
announcing the death of her hus-
band, an executive of the Hearst
newspaper corporation.
Mr.. Meigs, about So years of age,
died of heart attack Tuesday at
his home in Chicago while getting
ready to go on hunting trip with
his son, Captain James B. Meigs,
Jr., of the Army Air Forces who Just
recently returned from the Pacific.
Early in the week the father and
son made an airplane trip to South
Dakota to hunt duck and pheaSantS
and. upon their return the well
known Hearst executive expressed
himself as feeling fine, the heart
attack coming without any warning.
Besides his vile and son Jim, Mr.
MeigS is survived by a daughter,
Miss Barbara Meigs, who attends
school at Ferry Hall, Lake Forest,
Illinois; and son, Bill Meigs, o..
S. Army. Another son, Robert Meigs,
was killed in an airplane accident
on the Meigs ranch in August 1943.
MFR. Meigs was frequent visitor
70 his ranch in San Rafael Valley
Nd n7ver failed to spend the holi-
days there. His last visit to the
ranch was in May of this year.
Funeral services we're held in Chi
cago at 2 o'clock yesterday after
noon for the greatly beloved news
oaperman.
Nogales international., 1945-11-02
Funeral OF Young
Boy To
Be Held Sunday

Funeral services for Marco Peltier
17-year-old Nogales High School,
boy, who died in Los Angeles Mon
day night and whose death came as
a shock to his host of friends here
will be held at Sacred Heart Church
Sunday afternoon at o'clock.
Rosary will be held at the Carroon
Mortuary at 8 o'clock Saturday
night.
The body will arrive on the train
reaching Tucson at 1 am, tomor-
row, then will be brought to Nogales
by the Carroon Mortuary.
Marco, who had been i'll since
early in September. and his illness
Of a sort puzzling to Arizona ply
sicians, was taken to Los Angeles
about two weeks ago for medical
treatment by his parents, Eugene
Peltier of the Nogales postoffice,
and wife.
Marco, one of Nogales' most be-
loved boys, was first string tackle
on last years Nogales High School
football team and was preparing to
come out for the 1915 team when he
became i'll few days before the
start of the gridiron season in Sep
tember.
He was in his Junior year at high
school, president of the N Club,
representative of his home room,
and one of this years four NILS re-
turning football lettermen.
During the past summer he was
employed in potato and canta-
loupe packing shed with Harry
O'Hagin at Delano, California.
Besides his parents he is survived
by one brother, Eugene Peltier, Jr.,
and two sisters, all three students in
the Nogales schools.
Nogales international., 1945-11-02
Gifts To The
Yanks Who Gave

The American Legion and AuxiI-
iary are sponsoring the nationwide
program of Gifts to the Yanks
Who Gave" from Nov. I to Dec. 10,
with the American Red Cross and
National Association of Retail Stores
as co-workers.
The objective is to provide and
present Christmas gift to every U.
S. Service man and woman and
veteran in hospitals the world over
on Christmas day.
A suggested list of articles is
posted in the display window of the
Modern Pharmacy, 209 Morley ave-
nue., and gift packages may be left
there for daily collection by the
committee.
Nogales international., 1945-11-02

Following almost four years SER
vice in the Navy, Hector Larriva got
home Friday night from the Paci-
fic. He enlisted on the day of the
Jap attack on Pearl Harbor Dec. Z,
1941, and was recently discharged.
Celebrating his return, family
reunion was held Friday and Satur-
day at the home of his brother,
Leonilo Larriva, on Morley avenue.
Music was furnished by the Mari
achiS.
Attending the reunion, in addition
to the honor guest, were Rene Lar
riva and family of Phoenix, G.. A.
Larriva and family and Mr.. and
Mrs. Raul Marion Larriva, all of
Tucson; Mrs. E. L. Oliver, Leonilo
Larriva and family, Mrs. Rufina
Larriva, and Miss Isabel Larriva,
all of Nogales.
Nogales international., 1945-11-02
Dodge-Plymouth
Agency At
Montezun1a Garage

j. A. Jackson announces in to-
days Nogales International opening
of his Dodge-Plymouth Agency in
the Montezuma Garage on Morley
avenue, recently leased by Jackson
from Bob Marcus.
j. F.. Johnson, who sold the garage
building to Marcus, vacated the
premises yesterday.
Jackson states he expects to have
new Plymouths and Dodges here
within the next few days and has
already received a shipment of new
trucks. He has been the local Dodge
agent since 1885.
Nogales international., 1945-11-02
NOGALES OFFICER CAPTURED
BY JAPANESE WHEN BATAAN
FELL IN 1912, HOME ON VISIT
Col Marshall Quesenberry With Gen. Wainwright
When Rescued By Russians At Camp Hoten,
Manchuria, On August 18th

Three years, four months, and
nine days, a prisoner of war of
the JapS, Col. Marshall Quesen-
berry arrived home Saturday and
following To-day leave will go
to an Army hospital at Van Nuys,
California.
With General Jonathan Vain
wright and other high ranking
officers, Col. Quesenberry was re-
leased by Russian troops at Camp
HOten, Manchuria, Aug. 18.
Quesenberry was captured by the
Japs when Bataan fell on April 9
1912, and with other war prisoners
was forced to take part in the in
famous Bataan March of Death te
Camp O'Donnell, a march on which
the prisoners were without food OF
Nogales international., 1945-11-02
Miss Eleanor Davis Retires As City
Librarian; Public Library An
Object OF Pride For Every Citizen

that important department of the
city, and the debt of gratitude owed
to the faithful and efficient public
servant who has made the Nogales
Public Library an object of pride
for every citizen for the past twenty
years.
Started as a project of the Nogales
'Woman's Club during the presiden-
cy of Mrs. j. A. Harrison on dona-
tions of books from Nogales homes,
and maintained by club members in
cubby-hole of a place, recently
wrecked to make way for the new
Sanders building, adjacent to the
Safeway Store, the new cultural
community center continued to
grow.
Volunteer librarians from club
membership took turns attending to
circulation, doing janitor work, stok-
ing hungry wood stove, and carry
ing fuel from the various homes to
keep fires burning. Business men
donated generously to add new
books to the expanding shelves, and
help with necessary expenses.
A member CT Qne of those r11onth-
ly collecting committees for the club
explained she felt like ''hold-up
gal" as she entered establishments
of local merchants, but in most in
stances she was met with courtesy
and acquiescence to her requests for
cash.
The first year of operation proved
to members of the city council that
CTurn To Page Five)
Nogales international., 1945-11-02

1t John E. Preston, 81, Naval Al,
Corps now somewhere in the Paci-
fic; and Electrician 1/c Paul D
Preston, %, us. Navy, also in the
Pacific; are sons of Mr.. and Mrs.
John Preston.
Lit. Preston was inducted in 1912
and was on convoy duty with the
naval air forces in Ireland anC
North Africa where his carrier, the
Block Island, was sunk. Paul was
inducted in 1943.
They are brothers of Miriam, FL
berta and Ruth Preston.