davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-08-06
BY HOWARD w. BLAKESLEE,
Associated Press Science Editor.

President Truman's statement
that the atomic bomb Is made OF
the force from which the sun draws
its power explains the principle of
this new explosive.
The suns power is the suns heat
For years scientists have known
that this heat could not come from
ordinary fires like those known on
the earth's surface. The sun Just
wasn't big enough to have lasted
billions of years in which there is
evidence 1t has been burning at the
present rate.
In ordinary fire, molecules OF
wood, coal or whatever else is blaz-
ing, separate. As they come apart,
the energy which held them to-
gether. is released in the form of
heat, light and other rays, like X
rays. Even hot fire gives of a
bit of X-rays.
The sun burns, not by separation
of molecules, but by two much more
intensely hot methods. One is the
separation OF atoms that form mole
Evening star., 1945-08-06
$4,000, 900, 900 Expended
To Develop Missile That
Nuzis Couldn't Perfect
pictures on Page BIZ
By J. A. FOX.

The United States has developed an atomic bomb
the greatest explosive force used and of the mis-
ses already has been dropped the important Japanese
Army base of Hiroshima it announced today in state
ment by President Truman released at the White House
Explaining that the bomb dropped 16 hours the
statement declared had than 10000 tons of TINT
than times blast British
SIAM the largest bomb yet used the history of warfare
with this bomb have added and revolutionary
destruction supplement the growing of
armed forces" the Presidents statement said.
In the FORM these bombs production and
more powerful forms development"
Dropped City of 3lS.0OO
An atomic bomb the statement explained S harneSSing
Of the basic of the universe And then added 1.-THE
from which the draws its has been ood against
those who brought the to the Far East"
Hiroshima, city of 318000 major quartermaster depot
and has been leading of embarkaton contains
military supply depos It's principal industries ordnance
large and tanks machine tools and aircraft parts Hro
shma Honshu Island the naval base of Kure the
Inland Sea.
The Presidents statement said American and British scien
tS working together developed the atomic bomb after the
had failed although the working
Evening star., 1945-08-06
faction plant was the target of the

faction plant was the target of the
raiders at Ube.
One Super Fort failed to return.
Yesterday air raid sirens screamed
throughout Tokyo in warning that
100 Psi Mustangs had returned to
strike the Tokyo area with rockets
and machineguns.
The Tokyo radio said $50 Mus
tangs carried the assault into the
daylight today with an attack on
the Tokyo area.
A single japanese fighter watched
them come yesterday and then fed
from the skies.
Large Areas Burned Out.
The B-29s in two raids August
and today have dropped 10,500 tons
of fire and demolition bombs on
Japanese cities in warnings to the
people of Japan to surrender un-
conditionally.
They have burned out approx
mately 160 square miles of war-pro-
ducing cities since the first fire raid
on Tokyo March 3.
While the newest series Of incen-
diary raids has always been pre-
ceded by warnings to civilians tc
flee to safety, their effectiveness was
told bluntly in a single sentence in
Gen. Carl A. Spaatz's communique
which, reporting on the record raid
August 2, said:
"First photographs available on
results of the B-29 strike in the
Evening star., 1945-08-06
Late Bulletin
Copnors Case Postponed

The hearing of Raymond
Connors, 80, at Yonkers, N. Y,
on charges of violating the
Sullivan Law, was adjourned
today for a week at the re-
quest Of Washington police
who are questioning him in
connection with the trailer
slayings of Edward Barker
and Pany Casbarian here on
February %.
Evening star., 1945-08-06

night by plane but failed to arrive
before the Senator died.
Senate President McKellar was
expected to name committee i'm
mediately to attend the funeral Of
the Senator, whose home is in San
Francisco.
Next to Senator McKellar, the
silver haired Californian was the
Oldest member of the Senate in
point of service, having entered
it March 4. 1917. His present term
would have expired in 1947. A
spokesman said last December that
he planned to run again next year.
Capper Now Is Leader.
The Californian's death leaves
Senator Capper, Of Kansas, who
last month celebrated his 80th
birthday, the ranking Republican
of the Senate and ranking minority
member of the Senate Foreign Al
fairs Committee.
Covering the years when America
grew from relative isolation to the
first rank among world powers,
Senator Johnson's career was in
timately bound up with the develop
ment of United States foreign
policy.
He was ranking Republican mem
ber of the potent Senate Foreign
Relations Committee, and until his
health was seriously impaired about
two years ago. his was a dominant
voice in committee affairs.
Vigorous Liberal at First.
A vigorous, fighting liberal in his
early days as prosecuting attorney
and later Governor of California,
Senator JohnSons strong isola-
zionist views gradually alienated
him from American liberals who
believed in increasing world CO.
operation.
In 1882, the Californian, who had
followed Theodore Roosevelt out Of
the Republican party in 1912 and
shared the Bull Moose" ticket with
him as vice presidential candidate,
again bolted his party to support
Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Eight years later, however. he op-
posed third term and drew from
Mr.. Roosevelt the comment that not
by the widest stretch of the imagi-
nation could any one then consider
(SEE JOHNSON EaCe A-17
Evening star., 1945-08-06
impenetrobfe Smoke
Prevents Accurate
Bomb DAMAGE Report

The War Department an
nounced today it was unable at
present to make an accurate re-
port on damage inflicted by the
new atomic bomb dropped on
Hiroshima, army base in Japan.
"An impenetrable cloud of
dust and smoke covered the tar
get area" according to the first
reports received from recon-
naissance planes that accom-
panied the bombing mission.
Accurate details of the bomb
ing results will be released by
Secretary Stimson, it was an
nounced, as soon as they become
available here.
Evening star., 1945-08-06
Tokyo Reports Raid
On Hiroshima, Target
OfU. S. Atomic Bomb
Ey the Associated Press.

Ey the Associated Press.
SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. g.
The Tokyo radio said the city
of Hiroshima, target of the
American atomic bombing an
nounced today by President
Truman, was raided at 500 am.
Monday (7:20 pm. Sunday,
Eastern war time).
The President said that the
new and powerful bomb was
dropped about that time, but
the Tokyo broadcast made no
mention of any unusual de-
struction.
1t reported only that "a small
number of American B-29s at
tackled the city on Southwest
ern Honshu with incendiary
and explosive bombs"
Evening star., 1945-08-06
Continued Rain Tonight,
Clear Tomorrow Forecast

More rain was predicted today and
tonight by the Weather Bureau as
Washington skies resumed the
downpours that set new July rec
ord and then extended into August.
In some northeast and northwest
sections of the city the rain turned
into hail
Clearing skies were forecast for
tomorrow morning. The temNera-
ture will remain in the 80s.
Evening star., 1945-08-06

began broadcasting President Tru-
mans statement on the atomic bono
to Japan Immediately on the issu-
ance of the statement, the agency
disclosed.
No programs beamed to Japan are
normally on the air at the time the
statement was released, bad listen
ing hour in Japan, but the statement
was Immediately featured in Eng
lish and other broadcasts audible in
Japan, and special Japanese-lan-
guage broadcasts for later periods
were arranged to carry the news,
Owl said.
The full text of the Truman state
ment has been rushed by Morse
wireless to owl Psychological War
fare outposts in the Pacific for i'm
mediate use in the leaflets dropped
over Japan.
Mr.. Truman explained that Presi-
dent Roosevelt and Prime Minister
Churchill laid the groundwork for
developing this new secret weapon
and decided early to do the ex-
perimentation in this country be-
cause laboratories and production
plants would be out of reach of
enemy bombing.
Today this Government has two
great plants and many lesser works
devoted to the production Of atomic
power" the Presidents statement
explained.
Text of Statement.
The full tert of President Tru-
mans statement tollotos:
Sixteen hours ago an American
airplane dropped one bomb on Hiro-
shina, an important japanese Army
base. That bomb had more power
than 10000 tons of TINT. 1t had
more than 1000 times the blast
power of the British Grand Slam"
which is the largest bomb ever yet
used in the history Of warfare.
The Japanese began the war from
the air at Pearl Harbor. They have
been repaid many fold. And the end
is not yet. With this bomb we have
now added a new and revolutionary
LII NCott uNVAoAA w oNPf~S
ment the growing power OF our
armed forces. In their present form
these bombs are now In production
and even more powerful forms are
in development.
1t is an atomic bomb. 1t is a
harnessing of the basic power OF
the universe. The force from which
the sun draws its power has been
loosed against those who brought
war to the Far East.
Germans Failed.
Before 1889 it was the accepted
belief of scientists that it was the
oretically possible to release atomic
energy. But no one knew any prac-
tical method of doing it. BY 1912,
however, we knew that the Germans
were working feverishly to find a
way to add atomic energy to the
other engines of war with which
4 (See BOMB, Page A-10D .
Evening star., 1945-08-06

as early as 1912.
I'VE are now prepared to OBJ
literate rapidly and completely
every productive enterprise the jap
anese have above ground in any
CITY," President Truman warned.
we shall destroy their docks, their
factories and their communications.
Let there be no mistake, we shall
completely destroy Japan's power to
make war"
Statement Broadcast to Japs.
The Office of War Information's
overseas branch transmitters IN
San Francisco, Hawaii and Saipan
Evening star., 1945-08-06
ATOMIC BOMB WORLDS GREATEST HITS JAPS
Secret Weapon Is Equal
To 10000 Tons Of TINT
Complete Text of Report
On New Bomb Published

Believing the public wants to
know every announced detail
of the production of the ter
rible new atomic bomb, The
Star is publishing on Page AS
of this edition the complete
text of Secretary of War Stim-
sons report on the develop
ment of the explosive.
The bomb, Mr.. Stimson
points out, "' probably
represents the greatest achieve
ment of the combined efforts
of science, industry, labor and
the military in all history"
Evening star., 1945-08-06
Six Centers
Blasted by B-29s
And dMustangs
Tokyo Area Roided by
Fighters in FoIIowup
To Super Fort Blow
BY the Associated Press.


GUAM, Aug. 6.-Striking for
the second time in five days,
Super FortresSes and Mustang
fighters spread fire and destruc-
tion through six japanese war
centers stretching almost from
the Imperial Palace in Tokyo to
the southern home island of
Kyushu yesterday and today.
Once again an all but helpless
Japan - forewarned that the big
bombers were coming over-was un-
able to offer effective resistance
while the industrial areas of Nish-
inomiya -Mikage, Imabari, Maeba-
shi and Saga and Ube burned from
$3.50 tons of incendiary and high
explosive bombs dropped by a feet
Of $50 Super Forts. The coal lique-
Evening star., 1945-08-06
New Bomb Embodies
7 Times More Force
Than Halifax Blast
By the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Aug. Ga faint
idea of the power within the
atomic bomb:
On June 6, 1917, a munitions
ship blew up in a collision in
Halifax, Nova Scotia. harbor;
$500 persons were killed, 1000
injured, 10000 made homeless.
two and one-half square miles
of the city devastated.
That munitions ship carried
5000 tons Of TNT-about one
seventh of the equivalent Of the
new bomb.
Evening star., 1945-08-06
Farmers Union joins
Fiqht for Reduction
OF Military Manpower
Reconversion Is Hindered
By 'Two-Front' Force,
Potion Tells Inquiry

President James G. Patton of
the National Farmers Union to-
day joined the fight for reduc-
ton of military requirements for
manpower and materials, saying
there could be no reconversion
if the Nation is forced to con-
tinue carrying two-front war
burden.
Mr.. Patton made clear the views
of his organization in letter to the
Senate War Investigating Commit
tee. He praised Chairman Mead,
Democrat, of New York, as well as
the committees report of last week
which criticized lack of Govern
ment policy toward reconyersion.
Mr.. Patton's letter made the fol-
lowing points:
/. The strain of military demands
upon the civilian economy should
be reduced to aid reconversion, al
though no steps should be taken
that would endanger victory.
Asks Speedy Legislation.
2. The pending full-employment
bill, which calls for Government
spending when private industry
cannot maintain a given level OF
employment, should be adopted as
soon as possible.
3. Speedy enactment of legisla-
ton calling for construction of the
Missouri Valley Authority, the st.
Lawrence waterway, public housing
and similar public works.
4. A new agricultural program to
prevent IAN agricultural deflation of
the kind that followed the last war"
Mr.. Patton said he agreed "en-
tirely" with Senators johnson, DEM
ocrat, of Colorado, ana Taft, Re-
publican, OF Ohio, both of whom
have urged that the Army's size be
reduced to a sensible figure" in
keeping with demands of a one
front war.
Military Needs Lessen.
"The burden of the existing estab-
lishment," Mr.. Patton wrote the
Mead Committee, built to wage a
two-hemisphere war, Is too heavy.
1t will be impossible for the Nation
even to begin to face the problems
of conversion until the strain has
been reduced.
"This is not to say that any steps
should be taken to endanger mill
tary victory. But to say that we
now need as great an establishment
as we have needed, Is to fly In the
face of reason.
"The military services reduce
their arguments to absurdity when
they refuse to release a few thou
sand coal miners, or few thou
sand other specialists out of the
millions now In uniform.
Just so, they invite disbelief
when they continue to demand the
gigantic volume of materials they
are still taking. If 1t Is going to be
at all possible to effect a reasonable
smooth conversion, it is absolutely
essential that materials and man
power be released now and In in
creasing volume over the next few
months"
Evening star., 1945-08-06
Tip From Wife Wins
$40, 900 Job as Judge
For Niqht Student
BY the Associated Press.

BY the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Aug. 6.-John
A. Dwyer landed $l0,000-a-
year job by reluctantly taking
a tip from his wife.
An engineer for the city's de-
partment of water supply, gas
and electricity, Mr.. Dwyer
studied law at night. There
was an opening on the Magis-
trate's Court bench.
He wrote me letter saying
he was a lawyer" Mayor F. H.
La Guardia explained. His
wife told him to do it, but he
said he'd never get an answer"
Mayor La Guardia named Mr..
Dwyer to the court yesterday
and counseled the new magis-
trate: You see, you should
listen to your wife"
Evening star., 1945-08-06
10000 Conudiuns Return

HALIFAX, Aug. 8 (P.-Residents
of Halifax gave noisy welcome
yesterday to nearly 10000 Canadian
fighting men who returned home
aboard the big troop transport lie
de France. With them was Gen.
H. D. G. Crerar, who is retiring as
commander of the Canadian First
Army.
Evening star., 1945-08-06
Secret Factories Built
Weapons on Petain's S
Order, Witness Says
Weyeond Also Declared
To Have Directed Hiding
Supplies From Nozis
BULLETIN.

PARIS GA letter which
Marshal Petain sent to Hitler
three weeks after the Allied
landings in Africa telling of
conversations between the two
about "reconquering" French
colonies was introduced sud-
denly by the state today at the
Petain treason trial.
Evening star., 1945-08-06
BY the Associated Press.

PARIS, Aug. 6.-Gen. Pico An
dart testified at the treason tria,
of Marshal Petain today that
French troops were ordered BY
Gen. Maxine Weygand at the
time of the armistice to hide al
military equipment. They con-
cealed vast quantities of war ma
terrell from the Germans and
also large stores of food and raw
materials by the end of 1912, he
asserted.
Andart said underground fac
tories, at the order of Petain, start
ed building machine-gun carriers as
early as 1941, and produced 27C
of them in one year. The general
said IPetain congratulated him fol
his part in the activity and or
dered him to continue his work.
Pierre Laval knew of this, but
he did not appear to be interested,
the witness said. Andart said the
French hid and produced enough
equipment for "a divisions, except
for heavy artillery and tanks. Gen
Weygand, a previous witness, was
French commander at the time Of
the armiStice.
Called Patriotic and Loyal
Pierre Merillon. French delegate
to the United Nations Conference
at San Francisco, sent a cable te
the trial from Santa Barbara, Calf
describing Petain as a man who
served France with perfect patriot
ism and loyalty" and with all his
power and energy"
Merillon was a former member Of
the French Embassy in Madrid
where Petain served.
The message was read as the third
week of the trial opened, just before
Gen. Henri Lacaille testified that
Winston Churchill told Vichy rep
resentative to Great Britain:
1--WE have been momentarily sep
arated. Let us try not to damage
each other any further"
Tells Of Army Weaknesses.
The representative was a Col
Groussard, whom the defense de-
scribed as a former member of the
pro-Fascist Cagoulard and as pres
ent representative of the De Gaulle
government in Switzerland. The
general said Groussard was sent to
London to inquire II Great Britain
could assist the French with mil
itary aid in North Africa. Lacaillt
did not say whether the British
made commitments, most of hi.
testimony was concerned with the
material weakness of the French
Army in the years Immediately pre-.
ceding the war.
A heated argument developed
when Prosecutor Andre Mornet
asked Judge Paul Mongibeaux te
order defense witnesses to be briei
and specific in testimony.
"It is completely unfair to pro.
test" Defense Attorney Fernanc
Payne said, during eight days, We
heard prosecution witnesses and
now when our witnesses reply, they
are asked to give only the outline
of our testimony"
Mongibeau replied that he was the
Judge Of the relevancy of the testi-
mony.
Petain in Good Health.
About IS defense witnesses re-
main to be called-generals and
other colleagues of the 89-year-old
(See PETAIN, Page A-10.)
Evening star., 1945-08-06

One additional man from
the District area has been re-
ported killed in this pdr. See
"On the Honor Roll" Page Az.
Evening star., 1945-08-06

(See RAIDS, Page A-20
Evening star., 1945-08-06

(See CHARTER, Page A-4.)
Evening star., 1945-08-06
Petain in Good Health.

About IS defense witnesses re-
main to be called generals and
other colleagues of the 89-year -old
(See PETAIN, Page A-l0.)
Evening star., 1945-08-06

(SEE JOHNSON, Page A-4J
Evening star., 1945-08-06

tSee BLAKESLEE, Page l0D
Evening star., 1945-08-06
Weather Forecast

Showers, thunderstorms, humid today.
High near 80. Clearing tomorrow.
Evening star., 1945-08-06

emperatures-High, 30. at 1870; low,
70, at 6:38 am. Yesterday-High, 81, at
3:35 pm. low, 64, at Alb am.
Evening star., 1945-08-06
Guide for Readers

An Associated Press Newspope
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-07
PERSONALS

There viii be social dinner
alpen IN honor Of The Greater Ma
cedonla church by the senior
board al tho home OF Mrs J y.
Kennedy, 1922 Bellevue street
Everyone IS looking forward TO
HAVING crani time
Ms Amanda Mckee ~ Biz
mnghan. Ala. arrived IN the Mo-
Tor. Cry Saturday monns 10 be
Tho house guest Of Miss V a.
Wesley. OF 1858 Chestnut street
Plans arc beng made 10 make
this joyful vacation trp for Mrs
Mckee
Ms jamie Stone. i4002 Goddard
avenue is spending hog vacation
IN New York visiting relatives
and friends.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-07
Cocktail Party
Honors Browns

The pretty cocktail party given
IN honor of the Thomas J Browns
Of 4726 ST. Antoine. is still being
talked about. The apartment was
lovely with vases Of flowers every
where The flowers were present
ed by Mr.. and Mrs Dudley
Many beautiful presents Of
China were received Numerous
friends from out-of-toWn who
were unable 20 attend the Celebra-
ton, sent gifts. Mrs Brown was
presented with beautiful diamond
ring by her husband.
Guests were: Mrs. Daisy Brown.
guest OF honor. mother Of Mrs.
Brown who came all the way from
Los Angeles, Calf, for the party
Mr. and Mrs. |. Dudley. Mr.. and
Mrs w. Powell, Mr.. and Mrs. d
Rowe. Mr. and Mrs. l.. Mitchell
Mr. and Mrs. w Kirk. Mr.. and Mrs
l.. Moore. Mr., and Mrs A. MoSely
Mr. and Mrs & Washington, Mr..
and Mrs A Thomas Mr.. and Mrs.
B. Hurd, Mr. and Mrs r. Port,
Misses Mamie Johnson Magnolia
l.dNille,. Doris Redmond, Lucille
Davenport Jennye Adams. Earl
Crane. Bill Ellis. Alex Norvcll,
William Smith and Mac Daven-
port.
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-07-07
Esau And Bell
Wedding Sun.

or sF : ~-sN r-a A,-s
J..t Nso 81 ~ o.
fec R--,r, 3 cd
o. o,~.
h--c. ~-.-- -, Rel
Goade.r - s.. &C.
W. 90 =
y s-4 =, - - -
mar avenue
tmetA Bell Davis uAs her sic
ters only attendant and 1t
ChaS {. Digs Jr. vas best man
The bride was given in marriage
nv her brother-in-law. Tyrus J
Davis The ceremony was read
by the Rev. CARLYLE Sttwart.
pastor Of EbeneIer AME. church.
TIE BRIDE waS lovely in a
gown II traditional white satin.
and mdrqui>etie, made with the
long and fitted torso bodice, and
very fun and buffant skirt The
fnaertip veil'tell from . halo type
headdrcoS aud she carried an arm
ful Of bridal lilies.
The ma,ron 81 honor chose n
gown Of brocaded satin and net in
white. she wore a floWercd head
dress and carried luxurious bou-
quci ~ white carnations.
The bridegroom Is stationed =,
TuSkcgee but IS on leave until
July 26; the best man 1t Charles
{. DieeS Jr.. has been discharged
from The army The groom and his
best man were very handsome in
their summer uniforms.
A reception immediately fnl-
lowed the nuptialS, 81 the brides
home. Huste>SeS we're, Fuld Henry,
EVELYN Anderson BernICe Harley.
Lucille White. Laura Dudley. Ethel
Fitzhuch and WILDER Jean West