davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-09-24

The conference Of the Big Five For
eign Ministers Is drawing to q close
In London. It has been 20 shrouded in
secrecy that only general hints Of the
struggles behind the scenes. from which
Russia has emerged victorious, have
been given to the American public.
The secrecy of the debates adopted
ut Russia's pressing request was helped
by other news In this country. The
State Department-Mac row,
strikes, reconversion problems and other
domestic problems were more interest,"
Ing to the public than the complex
diplomatic discussions in London.
Although the sequel to the first post
war conference Of the Big Five is likely
to have . great repercussion on Amer
ica's position In the world, the public
had only an academic interest in the
London talks. Americans by now have
become accustomed to secret diplomacy.
SO far as can be ascertained from
reports received in diplomatic quarters
here, the hopes Of the American rep
resentatives, who met with the others
in London determined to see democ-
racy reinstated in Eastern Europe. were
frustrated. The map Of postwar Europe,
which they wished to blue print on the
basis of justice and fair play, also was
junked. The Americans, the British,
the French and the Chinese bowed to
the unyielding attitude of the Russians
who put their cards on the table and
adopted policy Of take it or leave it."
In one of the concessions to the
Soviet. we accepted Moscow's point
Of view in regard to the former Axis
partners, Romania and Bulgaria. Be-
fore the London meeting the American
and British governments sent notes
to the heads of these Russian puppet
governments saying that the countries
must have free elections supervised by
American, British, French and Russian
observers. The notes said that unless
this condition was agreed to, no peace
treaty could be signed since America
and Britain did not wish to deal with
governments which were not truly rep
resentative Of their own people
Commissar Molotov opposed this
thesis. He declared that his govern
ment, which had placed puppets at
the helm Of the affairs of the three
states, regarded such Intervention as a
violation Of the principle Of sovereignty
for the independent" states.
In spite Of the positive information
received from American and British
ministers in Bucharest and Sonia that
the governments there were not repre-
sentative of the people. we yielded to
Russia. Thus one Of the main princi-
piles for which we fought. the war
Evening star., 1945-09-24
Seoul

Up to few days ago, the name Of
the capital of Korea meant nothing
to the average American. Now. be-
cause of the surrender of the Japa-
nese forces there. the place comes
into the orbit of United States his
tory. 1t already is part of the expe-
rience of thousands of CT Joes who
will be quick to appreciate it as one
of the most notably interesting cities
in the world.
Nothing exactly like Seoul exists
anywhere on earth. It became the
metropolis of the vi dynasty in 1892
and owed its original prosperity to
its situation within a natural for
tress formed of a circle of granite
hills. The defensive system OF past
ages also included eleven miles of
man-made walls from twenty feet
high. Within the circuit liter
ally thousands of houses Of similar
construction stretched as far as the
human eye could see in every direc-
ton. The entire town as Europeans
first beheld it was q stronghold.
Yet Seoul fell not once but several
times. Perhaps the generality OF
Koreans were "too civilized" for
their own good. Their major inter-
ests were science and art rather
than war. Again and again they
resisted japanese aggression from
1896 onward, but in 1910 the whole
peninsula was annexed by the en-
pire Of the Mikado largely
with the consent Of the Great Powers
Then followed . period Of almost
hysterical development. New streets
Of modern buildings were laid out
Evening star., 1945-09-24

There Is little tendency in Washington
to be unduly pessimistic over the fact
that the first meeting of the Council Of
Foreign Ministers has hardly been an
outstanding success in terms Of concrete
results. There Is rather q tendency to
agree with Moscow dispatches, which
take the view that there are mo in
surmountable obstacles" in the present
relations Of the great powers.
1t Is true that the five foreign min
listers are probably going to leave Lon
don without having come to an agree
ment on any of the peace treaties which
they met in London to discuss, but 1t Is
pointed out here that the Council Of
Foreign Ministers is continuous agency
which goes right on working even when
the principal members are not present.
Each foreign minister has deputy to
represent him when he Is not there,
and there is also q permanent secre-
tariat which can now, with the pressure
of the ministers presence removed. get
down to the detailed staff work which
is so essential to accomplishment by any
international conference. There Is no
real reason, in Washingtons view, for
the tone of British headlines, which
speak of dismal failure"
AS matter of fact, it is just the alb
sence, or rather the lack of opportunity
for the preliminary stan work. which
has caused most of the delay and difh-
Guilty. The foreign ministers discovered
themselves doing their own staff work;
ironing out minor differences which
should have been cleared away before
they ever met at all: dealing with sub
jects which were not properly on the
agenda and which some OF them were
not prepared to discuss; wishing, In
fact. that they had met month later,
after more careful preparation.
&At
This first meeting Of the foreign min
listers was in fact merely preparatory
and under the circumstances nothing
else was to have been expected.
In the first place, the meeting took
place too soon after the Potsdam Con-
ference, at which the Council of For.
eign Ministers was first created. This
might not have mattered so much hao
all i've Of the foreign ministers beer
long In ONCE, thoroughly familiar with
all that had gone before, and prepared
to deal with the various contingencies
that might arise.
The American representative, secre.
tary Byrnes, was appointed just before
the Potsdam Conference, and had tc
spend the interval between Potsdam
and London in q sweeping reorganixa-
ton of the State Department. The
British Foreign Minister, Mr.. Bevin, took
ONCE during the course Of the Potsdam
Conference. The Chinese Foreign Min
lister, DR.. Wang, is also . new appointee.
Only Mr.. Molotov. for the U. s. 8. r.,
and M. Bidault, for France, are old
hands at their respective posts.
It Is diflcult indeed to see how the
American, British and Chinese delega-
tions could have arrived with their
proposals thoroughly thought through,
and with the confident assurance, the
knowledge of the methods and ideas OF
the other members, and the established
Evening star., 1945-09-24

local government. That, perhaps, is not
an exact expression, but that conveys
the meaning which I have in mind, and
I think gives the picture. The Con-
gress and the President are q part OF
the local government for the District
Of Columbia. Why these people should
be denied the right thus to participate
in the selection Of these agents, If such
participation on their part would not
conflict with the Federal interest, and
1t would not. 1t is very difficult to UNDER
stand.
Looking to this matter from national
standpoint, these people are q part Of
the Nations citizenship. They contrib
ute with their taxes, they make contri-
button Of their young men in times Of
war, they bear a share of all the Ma
tion's burdens. 1t seems to me they
ought to be permitted to participate in
the selection Of those persons who be-
speak the voice Of the Nation, who can
take their money by taxes and take
their young men by draft, provided al
ways-I concede this-that such grant,
such = participation. does not interfere
with the Federal interest.
Looked at from that standpoint, it is
perfectly obvious that there could be
no conflict between what Is proposed
and the national interest. The ques-
tion then arises: Why should not these
people be permitted a share in their
Government which would not inter-
fere with the Federal INTEREST," Con-
sidering our philosophy Of Government
and all the things We have preached
about the right of people not to be
taxed without representation, Why not
grant this right to the people Of the
District Of Columbiaf
Sacrifice without Reps> entatien.
Certainly. taking their money and
taking their boys from their homes IN
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-21

c0IoPrp WoMEN
SITUATIONS wANTED-MALE

WRIGHT EROS val Washing psil-
pspsf ClcaninE TN f-EA4-lN oOle.
S1LOPED ran wants j0b fun cr part
tine. bfveen = and 2 evenings CL
znIs knf
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-21
HOUSE rRAnERA
MOTORCYCLES. BICYCLES
BOATS AND EQUIPMENT
RENTALS WANTED

BOAT supple, complete llne. Edv
smith marine paints, yArnishes. Henry
n smith Co. $50 p jefferson
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-21

Tf'PSA CEs repaired ThsTuaststs fN
rnldlGerE warn air runs 70 second nDoi
Installed. NorE guar. Ewes, sun.
-
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-21

NEW APARTMENT HOMES
PITTSFIELD VILLAGE
PrIr.i.Ir osnea ,nd M,narea

out WashtSnsw Road between Ann
side factories out Michigan Ford %
expressway Two-icvrl. ore-s'oTy lavouts
studio livinf rrou b-fV1ns Patke.
school tN rlf 81. T. r-'---f- Nrd $50
St2 mo fH.-s '.. 'I % r1s7 cr
REAuMF 4 s '''fv INC RA 1854
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-21
PLAsrERINC

Al PLAsTERING-Ls,ett arches and
coves guar workmanship low rates
immed service TR i-saoi, TY 4-4a7a.
Al piasterinE, lsthinH. ceilings. arches.
reasonable. TO 5-9bss.
PLASTERERs. Al - Rooms. ceilings,
arches. patching reasonable. DA AIS.
PI.AsTERINC-AkY KIND
NEW hETHOD--NO NESS
PR 30ei TW 1850
PLksTERfNG-Bette repair Jobs. al
kinds: prompt service: gusr, La d222.
PLASTERINC-Expe men. coves.
arches. ceilings All kinds. ME 1898.
PLksrERiNC. repairing. alterations: no
JOB too small or larre. TO $4,000.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-21
HOUSES FOR RENT

EVkLINE 6257-5-room lower. stove
heat s32 so PL 3O7s.
RENTAL purchase plan. only $500 re-
quired 3-bedr0Om home, $4,000 tile
features bSmt excellent locatiun Model
723 lie Blanc. Lincoln PARK. Ira HotCh.
Kiss Co. 1901 s telegraph
I4TH--a RMS Rent $50: steam heat.
stone house Can buy furniture
KELLEY - TT 2-970O
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-21
ElEcrRIcAL WIRING
Floor Sending. Waxing, Etc.
Tumiqotors. Exierminotors
Furnaees-Oil B'rn'rs-Hcuicrs

BED BUGS Reaches. Etc, and EGGs
Guaranteed Destroyed with our products
Tres information. TX i-A6iO
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-21

PROPERTY OWNER
Responsible position. Ia large corpora
ton desires s-6-room house IN Royal
OAK. Huntington Woods or pleasant
Ridge section VIII pay 500 per
month IN 4-3os3
SWEDISH lady wishes room or modern
small an, by February I or later
Wflte Rnx 2o5 MendotA III
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-21
MUSIC LESSONS
MISUNDERSTANDING
Potents. Potent Attorneys

INVENTIONS developed. protected, com
mercialized. Not patient lawyers. HANDf-
KIT. Fifty-eiEht West Adams. Sixteen
years here.
PATENT Your Good Ideasi Send your
sketch for confidential advice. PolAchek.
Patent A,torney-Enrineer 1894 Broad
way I New Yorh
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-21
Lumber. Building Materials
Wrecking 1890 Woodward

Brick homs 2 a. W. heating systems
mirror mantels, paneling. doors, plog.
Garage lumber complete No prioritief,
JOYCE WRECkING co.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-21
Cleanins Walls. Shades. Etc.

PROFESSIONAL WALL WASHING
Venetian blinds washed. Also ktm-Ionf
vHi painting done
kEN's sERvlcr. TY e7a3l
WALL WAsHING-2o years experience.
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-21
Observation-Disclosures

CURTIN tsbleclothS. bedspresdt.
l.. Week Curtain Cleaners. TE l-shis.
VI SPECIALIZE IN CURTAINS
HOLLYWOOD CURTAINS Ti A-3oOl
WINTER GARMENTS ExPERTLY
CLEANED
raMOyfg CfgANEE S-CO lllf
Detroit evening times., 1945-01-21
Will Paw Ceiling Price

VIII ray CclilnS rice
- your car Whs'sysr St Is no 7742
WOULD Ike 70 leave for Florida ~
E0ru S possible Pay cash for 1000
car no 1850
loo--CARS wASTED-1o0
HiFh Cash Dollar and square Deal
We Drive YOU inmS
DAVE GOLFERS BIG STORE
srA
The daily monitor leader., 1945-10-04
More Than Half million are Idle i'm Labor Disputes

TO many communities, including
Detroit, Boston and many cities
In Ohio where an emergency
oil committee said a statewide
crisis impends."
The shutdowns Of soft coal
mines jumped TO nearly 400
and. the idle TO about $4,000
in four states as additional thou
sands of miners joined in the
spreading walkout, which STEM
med from a strike OF supervis-
ory employees. The Solid Fuels
Administration has placed an
embargo on shipments from pro-
ducers in the affected areas -
Pennsylvania, hardest hit; West
Virginia, Ohio and Kentucky.
Emergency coal rationing was
In effect In Pittsburgh, where
survey show less than 1000 tons
in retail yards. The dispute
arose over collective bargaining
recognition of the Supe ~visory
Employees Union, an affiliate OF
the United Mine Workers.
The work stoppage in New
York harbor came after the New
York District Council Of the AFL
In { e r national Longshoremen's
Association had agreed Tuesday
to accept terms of a new con-
tract from the New York Ship
ping Association. 1t provided
40 hour work week, pay hike
but made no mention of limi-
tation of lift loads, which was
the cause of an earlier dispute.
In Detroit, General Motors
Corp. was the first of the mo-
tor industry's big three 70 give
the CIO United Automobile
Workers Union a replay on its
demand of a 30 per cent wage
rate boost. The proposal was
rejected as unreasonable"
The daily monitor leader., 1945-10-04
NJ the Asso oeiated Press

More than a half million idle
by labor disputes across the
country.
Oil - President Truman pre-
pared to order seizure OF strike
bound refineries in IS states
where $4,000 are out In wage
dispute: wage conference fails
rs 10 companies spurn govern
ment truce plan.
Coal - Soft coal mine shut
downs increased in Pennsyl-
vania, Ohio, Kentucky, West
Virginia, about $4,000 miners
off their jobs in support OF their
foremen's union bargaining
rights.
Shipping-A port-wide strike
of O,OO0 workers, including 49,
600 longshoremen, crippled ship
ping in New York harbor.
Automobile - General Mo
tors Corp. rejected 30 per cent
hike demand of the ClO United
Automobile Workers; union said
its negotiations with company
representatives would be resum-
ed Saturday.
Communications Nations
telephone service threatened
with disruption from 2 to 6 p.
m. (EST) Friday when 100000
independent un ion operators
The daily monitor leader., 1945-10-04
Watkins Speaks
at MaCOn1b
Masonic Lodge

Macy Watkins was the prin-
cipal speaker at a PastMasters
meeting of the Macomb Masonic
Lodge at Davis Monday evening.
His subject was Masonry and
Citizenship"
This was a dinner meeting at
which the wives were present.
A large number of Past Mas
ters and their wives and chill
dren were present, including
Past Master Bob Brown, recent
ly returned from the War Zone
in the S. w. Pacific.
Miss Dodge, a teacher from
Romeo, rendered number Of
accordion selections and a we'll
known trio a number of songs.
Hugh Whiting, recently return
ed from California, a member
of Macomb Lodge, was present.
Worshipful Master Chambers
was in charge Of the meeting.
The ladies of the Eastern Star
served one of their f a m u s
chicken dinners.
The daily monitor leader., 1945-10-04
By the Associated Press

BY the Associated Press
New and continuing disputes
snarled traffic along the ma
tion's broad labor front today
slowing the pace OF the coun'
try's reconversion program.
The mounting strife over labor
issues - most of them involving
wages and hours - brought q
new high in the number of idle
this year. The more than 16O
separate strikes, shutdowns and
work stoppages kept more than
half million workers away
from their Jobs. Fresh stoppages
threatened to greatly expand the
strike lines.
As President Truman prepar-
ed to order seizure of oil refin-
cries in IS states after the gov
ernment was unsuccessful in
conciliation, Labor Department
officials were confronted with
serious trouble In eastern coal
fields.
Shipping in New York harbor
was partially paralyzed by a
port-wide strike Of $4,000 work
ers, including $4,000 AFL long
shoremen.
AS the Presidents seizure or
der was awaited, the executive
board of the CIO Oil Workers
international Union called a
meeting to decide whether to
ask the $4,000 strikers to 60
back to work for the govern
ment. In northern India q,
where eight plants of seven
companies have been closed, a
union spokesman said the strike
in that area will continue.
The union, demanding a 80
per cent wage increase, was
agreeable to Secretary of Labor
Schwellenbach's temporary COM
promise of IS per cent and NAM
ing Of an arbitrator for final
settlement. The offer, however,
was not acceptable by 10 OF
the II oil companies and Schwel-
lenbach recommended seizure Of
the plants.
As the governments initial
major attempt at a postwar la
Dor settlement ended In failure,
shutdown Of refineries
brought tight gasoline situations
The daily monitor leader., 1945-10-04
Gloomy Postwar Picture
Confronts Whole Nation

leave Jobs 10 take strike vote
in demonstration Of un ! o n
strength: radio broadcasts and
teletype systems also may be
affected.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-05-18
Surface
Combustion
Votes Go

In what will probably be the
last contested election between
the CIO and AFL in an organ
lied shop, workers al the Sur
face Combustion Co. reaffirmed
their choice of Local IL, UAW-
CIO by a decisive majority on
May Is.
Results cf the vote gave the
UAW-CIO 110 votes, AFL 33
and No Union 4. Out of 165
eligible voters, 148 exercised
their right in the NLRB con-
Quoted election. One vote was
challenged.
Results of the vote confirm the
decision of the workers in the
Surface Combustion plant when
they changed their affiliation
from the AFL to Local IL on
Feb. 18, 1943. The vote in the
first election was UAW-CIO--
168, AFL,-93 and No Union 4.
Under the proposed peace pact
between the two unions which
will become reality on June l if
ratified by the Central Labor
Union at its meeting this week
elections such as the one held
Tuesday at Surface Combustion
will not occur again. Both unions
promise that they will not seek
to organize in any shop in which
either holds bargaining rights.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-05-18
TIUC Asks
Second Front

A request that Russia establish
second front with the United
States in its war with Japan
was proposed and unanimously
adopted by delegates to the To-
ledo Industrial Union Council
at their meeting of May 10.
The motion, that the TIUC
, executive secretary be author
lied to draw up a resolution
calling for the establishment of
second front by the Russians
was not debated. The maker of
the motion, Irving Woodtke,
president of Local 35, URWD-
SEA-CIO, drew a hearty laugh
from the delegates when he
said that 1--WE heard so much
from the Russians and their
sympathizers in this country be-
fore we established a second
front In Europe, that I think its
no more than right that they do
the same thing for us in our war
with Japan"
Delegates who passed the mo-
ton commented among them
selves - there doesn't seem to
be any cleft wing" in our Coun-
cil."
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-05-18
Bornun Said II

NEW YORK (LPA)-The Ma
tional Better Business Bureau
here warns puzzle-contest fans
not to spend money in efforts to
win contest (either by pur-
chasing the correct answers or in
buying merchandise offered by
the contest sponsor) in the hope
that they will have a better
chance of winning. Complaints
about contests say that would-be
winners have spent as much as
$50 in suggested merchandise,
yet a survey shows that "even
superlative writing ability" may
not win prizes, since awards are
based on judges personal opin-
ions.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-05-18

In addition, Mr.. Murray has
pointed out" Carey continued,
that the Breton Woods pro-
posals mean not only jobs for
American workers but markets
and profits for American bust
ness and American farmers.
Quotes CIO Plan
Carey quoted the CIO Re-em-
ployment plan as stating: "The
continued prosperity of Ameri-
cans is directly tied to the pros
perity of people of all other ma
tions. In addition to a domestic
program for full production in
the United States, there must be
a vigorous, long-term program
of international commerce.
"The war has wrought havoc
in the factories and railways of
Europe. Millions of homes have
been destroyed by bombing. And
there are vast areas in Asia and
Latin America which have long
been in need of industrializa-
tion."
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-05-18
Poppy" Vents
A Home Meal

WASHINGTON, May Is -
(LPA) = Eviction notices to IA
families now occupying his re-
Gently purchased four story
apartment building here have
been issued by Sen. w. Lee
Pass the Biscuits, Pappy" o.
Daniel 3D., Tex), who, in 1941,
helped to pass the District Rent
Control Act which designed to
prevent just such evictions.
O'Daniel is evicting the pres
ent tenants of the two or three
room apartments because he's
tired of living in hotels" and
wants the building "for his own
use and occupancy"
"I'll just rip everything out,
hire and architect and tell him
to turn 1t into a home," said the
man from the wide open spaces
who got into Congress by SER
enading his constituents with
hill-billy music. II want home
cooked meal"
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-05-18
PAc To Conduct
Classes

Classes In political action TO
be conducted by Tom Downs,
assistant Ohio CIO-PAC direc-
tor, Columbus, will be inaugu-
rated this week under the auspi-
ces of the Toledo area Political
Action Committee is was an
nounced early this week by
PAC chairman Clayton Rusch.
Instructions will be given
each Friday until the classes are
completed according to Mr..
Rusch who stated that ward and
township organization, legisla-
ton, and other matters with
which the PAC deals will form
the subject matter of the class
es.
All sessions will be held at
Local IL headquarters, 425 Win
throp ST., and will begin at
800 p. m. The courses are free
to PAC members who will be
given a certificate when the
course is completed.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-05-18
KIon Maps AII-Ouf Attack
On Catholic Labor Leaders

This easily could be accomplish
ed in Midwest industrial areas
which have attracted many
southern workers.
Tie-up with Midwest Unions
Strategy for this campaign has
been worked out with method
ical skill. The Klansmen, after
a futile attempt to revive some
of their old units, decided to
seek the support of some active
Midwest independent unions for
use as an operating base.
A tie-up with these unions
could serve to supply manpower
for all Klan purposes, and, most
important, could be used to
prove that the modern xxx is
not anti-union but rather an or
ganization to protect the work
ers against the AFL and CIO.
So certain independent union
leaders have been approached
by the Klansmen. The Independ-
ents have been promised certain
benefits supposedly to come
from the weakening of the AFL
and CIO, via attacks on Catholic
leaders of both organizations.
This deal with some indie
pendent unions is in the max
ing, especially with one group
led by an alien.
Closed Shop Is Target
Such an alliance with inde-
pendent unions will not prevent
the xxx from negotiating with
certain industrialists and
w ealthy conservative propa-
gandists for funds with which
to finance the anti-Catholic
drive.
The industrialists, of course,
will be told that the real pur-
pose of the campaign is to de-
stroy unions, wipe out the closed
shop and discredit labor.
Toledo union journal. [volume] (Toledo, Ohio) 1942-current, 1945-05-18
WLB Grants
Union Security

WASHINGTON, May Is -
(LPA) - Twelve steel casting
companies employing 27,000,
slightly less than one-third of
the total employment in the in
dustry, were ordered by the War
Labor Board last week to pay SC
and S10c an hour premiums for
second and third shifts.
The order was handed down
in disputes between the United
Steelworkers-CIO and the COM
panies and directed maintenance
union membership and dues
checkoff, and vacations of one
week following one years en-
ployment and two weeks after
five,