davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-08-21
Huqe Atomic Ovens Produce
PIutoniun1 by Baking Uranium

the atomic fires burning. Neutrons
destroy mans white blood cells. But
this fact makes 1t easy to safeguard
the workers by taking white blood
counts. Millions Of these cells can be
lost without danger, and the counts
catch risks in plenty Of time.
The pile rays actually create about
80 different kinds Of atoms of other
chemical elements. All emit dan
gerous rays, but mostly they do this
for only few seconds or q few
hours. Principal new atoms include
radioactive iodine and exnon. the lat
ter one of the gases that form COM
mon air. High stacks carry these
radioactive atoms, all in the form Of
poisonous gases, to heights where
they disperse harmlessly.
Plutonium started as an idea. Be-
fore the war Enrico Fermi of Rome,
Italy, and now of Columbia Univer-
sity, focused rays Of neutrons on
ordinary uranium and produced a
new metallic element, neptunium
This new stuff lasted only a short
time. 1t emitted rays of its own and
changed automatically into a differ
ent element.
This different element was plu-
tonium. But no one made any. It
was too expensive. But the fact of
its probable existence was known to
scientists of all the world. The
only thing the scientists were not
sure about was whether this un-
known metal would split, atom by
atom, emitting 1000, 900 900 volts Of
energy, just like the rare 235 form
of uranium.
Since separating uranium was going
Evening star., 1945-08-21

to be q fabulous task the University
Of California cyclotron was used to
make just enough plutonium to be
visible. 1t proved to be equally as
explosive as uranium 235. The
plunge that scientists then under
took. the job Of making the un-
known metal in quantity, is some
thing fantastic.
The atomic fires which produce
plutonium are started and main-
tanned mostly by the uranium 235
atoms. These atoms are continually
splitting, due to being hit by neu-
irons which are set flying, all the
time and everywhere on earth, by
cosn1ic rays and radium. Each time
a uranium 235 atom splits 1t emits
a lot Of neutrons from its broken
core.
But these fresh neutrons are
Evening star., 1945-08-21

travelling too fast to break other
nearby atoms of uranium 235. The
speedy neutrons have to be slowed
down, else their speed overcomes
the attraction of the atom cores
which they must strike and split,
and they pass on through the atoms
universe" without doing their job.
This slowing down is done by the
graphite in the piles. Presently the
graphite produces enough slow neu-
irons to set up an automatic chain
Of explosions of uranium 235 atoms
and to keep these explosions going
as long as there is enough uranium
in the oven.
This makes uranium 235 the key
to all the atomic bomb processes,
from forming a bomb of uranium
235 itself to producing other ele-
ments which also will explode.
Evening star., 1945-08-21
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Detroit evening times., 1945-11-06

POLITICAL 1DvERTTsESfENT
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-06

about the time he was promoted to his new
rank
The new prisoners were placed in the
only barracks on the reservation, resulting
in great jamming. Our squads were reor-
ganized. and l yielded my role as squad
leader to Gen. King. had been given the
post by the Japs because Of my rank, but
my ears, hurt on Corregidor, were giving
me trouble 1t was hard to hear instruc-
tons and sensed that the Japs were just
waiting for us to make some blunder that
would invite them to take it out on all of us.
X X
INSTRUCTIONS to the whole camp of
Il 405 men were given to an assembly of
squad leaders, The Interpreter spoke such
atrocious English that there was always
considerable confusion over our duties and
resultant tension that we would do some
thing wrong.
One of the best-liked of the newcomers
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-06

to Karenko was Maj. Gen. BeckWith-Snith.
This commander of the Eighteenth British
Division in Malaga, and former comman-
der of the crack Coldstream Guards, was
first-clasS gentleman and soldier.
He had been badly used, as had been the
others, but his spirit was excellent and he
was comfort to us all. What feelings he
had in his own breast he kept to himself.
-ItMas shortly thereafter that our fears
began to be realized.
Beckwith Smith passed Jap private
near the parade ground the folloWingweek
The British general gave the sneering man
a good British salute, but the Jap did not
like it.
He chased after the general, wheeled
him around roughly and hit him twice in
the face with clenched fists. 1t was so out
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-06
"o %%""%" Protest 10 Commander Sfirs Nips' WrnfI
Gives Up Squad Leader
Role as Hearing Fails
Continued from Page one)

Somehow pair of my field glasses-pre-
sented to me on Colregidor by one of my
staff officers-had been left untouched in
-efe Of my bags. These now we're taken
away by young Jap officer
Our systematic starvation continued
without incident one dreary day upon an
other, until Sept. 2S 1912, when there was
commotion at the entrance to the prison
enclosure and we saw many old friends
being led in.
Among them we're Maj. Cen Sharp and
other officers and enlisted men from his
surrendered Visayan Mindanao force In
the group also were a number Of British,
Dutch and Australian general officers, as
well as Sir Shenton Thomas, former gov
ernor of Malaga; Sir Mark Young, former
governor of Hong Kong; Sir Percy McEl-
waine, chief justice of the Straits Settle
ments, and Sir Harry Trusted formerly
chief justice of the Federated Malay States
THE NEW prisoners also contained the
Il governor general of the Netherlands
East Indies, Tjarda van Starkenbourgh,
and the governor Of Sumatra, A. l. Spits.
Among the British were Maj. Gen. Ian M.
MacRae, retired, Red Cross director for
Malaga; 1t. Gen. A. E. Percival, former
COMMUNICATIVE of the British forces
in Malaga; 1t. Gen. Sir l.. NJ. Heath, COM
mander Of the Indian Third Corps in
Malaga.
In the Dutch contingent was my good
friend, 1t. Gen. HeinterPorrten, comman-
der in chief of the Netherlands Indies
forces had last seen terPorrten in the
Philippines when he had toured our install
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-06

ment schedules YOU have "a
choose from. You are welcos y
to repay on the schedule that's
most convenient for you. Paw.
ments shown include principal
and charges. Charges are made
only for the actual time YOU
have the use Of the money. The
sooner YOU repay any loan the
less II costs. Household makes
only the one charge stated here
Quick phone service
You NAV borrow from House,
hold for almost any purpose.
Why don't you find the loan vou
need in the table and choose .
convenient payment schedule
now? Then phone or visit
Household for quick action on
your loan.
'Loans for the payment Of Ger.
tain restricted" articles are still
limited by Govt. regulations to
II months.
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-06

hese payments include an costs
II payments are made monthly
on the sanne day Of each suores-
sive month. Eariier or laresr
payments reduce the total
charges and later or smaller
payments increase them.
HOUSEHOLDS Only cpAecE
y the monthly rate OF &c, on
that part of 4 balance not 81
ceeding 500. and 2ISes on that
part OF q balance IN excess OF
800.
II is figured on actual unpaid
principal ba lapoes a. reduced hy
payments. There are no hnes.
fees. disooupts OF other hidden
charges.
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-06
[Mbo1~Amo1u1ee,,1M] J
NOW YOU CAN GETA
500 LOAN
IF YOU CAN PAY BACK S7.29 A MONTH
Up to l8 months to repay
Up TO 18 months TO repay
CAN PAY BACK S7.29 A MONTH

NNENE Just extended from
w II to Is months the time
in which most Household loans
may be repaid. More time means
smaller monthly payments. So il
its more convenient for YOU 70
repay less per month. Just see
the small payments Household
now offers.
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-06
All you do


All YOU do to apply for a House.
hold loan Of 500. 500 or more
is to tell us a little about your
problem and choose a payment
plan. We require no endorsers
or guarantors, no signatures Of
friends or other outsiders. You
may borrow quickly. simply and
privately-on your salary, car or
furniture. To save time, phone
us first, then call for the money.
Smaller monthly payments
See in the table below the paw.
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-06
International Phots

rageously unfair that it made all of us boil
with anger.
Beckwith-Smith staggered back but did
not fall And, furious as he was, he had the
presence of mind not to strike back-or
he most certainly would have been killed.
GEN. PERCIVAL and | went to my room
~ Immediately and we wrote out letter
to Capt. Imamura, the camp commander,
objecting to such treatment Wethen asked
the guard to take us to the commander. In
CONTINUED IN
Detroit evening times., 1945-11-06

Continued on Page ~
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-07-03
AlASKA AIRLINES HAS
 SEVENTEEN FOR JUNEAU

The following passengers were flown to Juneau yesterday from Anchorage by Alaska Airlines: Mrs Mary England, Ann Gould, Ed Olson, Oscar Anderson, Elizabeth Anderson, Volney Wakefield, Joe L. Johnson, A. H. Stoenekee, Mrs. Ilene Olson, Frank Marshall, Charles A. Wheel CT and Rieford w. Burch.
 From Yakutat to Juneau; Charles Kloer, Vladimir Elin, Willard T. Reese, Eleanor Weller and Alice Mack.
 From Juneau to Anchorage pas sengers were J. G. Smylie, F. L.. Fitzmaurice, Catherine Grasser, Capt. G. B. Curry, Charles Irwin, J. w. Gucker, Ed Auer, John Clay boe, Betty Paris, Lee Corkran, Roy Cederwall, Flodell Mcdonald, Will jam Wootten and Edward Thomp- son.
 Juneau to Cordova: Miss Connie Palmer.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-07-03
COMEDY COMES A5 FEATURE FOR
 CAPITOL ON 4TH

Universals comedy, San Diego Love You" which is said to be one of the funniest films ever to come out of Hollywood, is due to arrive at the Capitol tomorrow.
 With the exception of the open- ing scenes, the picture, which CO., stars Louise Allbritton and Jon Hall has the busy city of San Diego, with its wartime problems of housing and congestion as it's background Appearing in support of Miss All britton and Hall are Edward Everett Horton, Eric Blore, Buster Keaton and Florence Lake.
 In the film Horton, who usually plays bachelor roles. is the father of five children-Louise, his daugh- ter, and four sons portrayed by Rudy Wissler, Charles Bates, Don Davis and Gerald Perreau, the boys rang ing in age from six to sixteen.
 The story concerns the family's departure for San Francisco to promote a collapsible raft Papa Horton has invented, and their ex- periences there are reported to be hilariously funny.
 Tonight, for the last two showings, the feature is 'The Seventh Cross" with Spencer Tracy as the star, sup ported by Signe Hasso.
 "The Seventh Cross" is based on the best-seller novel of the same name by Anna Seghers.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-07-03
NOTICE OF HEARING ON PETITION FOR LETTERS
 OF ADMINISTRATION

In the United States Commissioners
 Court for the Precinct of Peters
 burg, Division Number One, Terri
 tory of Alaska IN PROBATE. In the Matter of the Estate of
 CHARLIE MASON, Deceased.
 NOTICE is hereby given that JAMES MASON has filed in this court his petition for LETTERS OF ADMINISTRATION upon the Estate of CHARLIE MASON deceased, praying that said estate be admin istered as Solvent estate consisting only of vessel of less than $10,000 value of Alaska Indian with Indian relative administrator and that the same will be heard on the 18th day of July, 1945, at 1000 o'clock in the forenoon of said day, at the court room of said court at Commissioners Office GU. s. Custom House. Pet erSburg, Alaska and all persons .n- terested in said estate are notified then and there to appear and show cause, if any they have, why the prayer of said petitioner should not be granted.
 Dated at Petersburg, Alaska, this 2nd day of July, 1945.
 Probate SeaD HAROLD DAWES.
 U s. Commissioner and ex-officio
 Probate Judge of above-entitled
 court.
 First publication, July 3, 1945. Last publication, July 12, 1945.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-07-03
PAN AMERICAN FLIES
 EIGHTEEN TO SEATTLE

Pan American World Airways yes terday carried the following passen- gers to Seattle: Joe Johnson, Dol ney Wakefield, Ed Olsen, Ann Gould, Oscar Anderson, Elizabeth Anderson, Albert Stoenekee, Mary England, David V. Mills, Letha Crawford, Maj Charles Beach, Sgt. Albert Knight, Sgt. Alfred Hen fling, Donald Graham, Virginia Graham, William D. Sherman, Da- vid sherman and Betty Fripp.
 Ketchikan-bound passengers were Inez Palmer Kenneth Kirk, Max Wilde, Harold Bean and Helen Mundheim.
 Dewey Friend was a passenger from Juneau to Fairbanks, and Charles Kistner went to WhitehorSe.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-07-03
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GENERAL LAND OFFICE
 District Land Office
Anchorage,


 Anchorage, Alaska
 Sept. T. 1944 Notice is hereby given that Arthur Nicholson has made application for homesite under the Act of May 26, 1884 GAS Stat. 809) Anchorage Serial No. 09954, for tract of land de- scribed as Lot c of the Fish Creek Group of Homesites, plat of U. s. Survey No. 2560, containing 499 acres, situated on North End of Douglas Island about 10 miles from Juneau, Alaska, between H. E. s. IA and U. S. Survey No. 1082, and 1t is now in the files of the U. S. Land Office, Anchorage, Alaska.
 Any and all persons claiming ad- versely any of the above mentioned land should file their adverse claim in the district land office within the period of publication or thirty days thereafter, or they will be barred by the provisions of the statutes.
 FLORENCE L. KOLB,
 Register. First publication, May g, 1945. Last publication, July II, 1945.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-07-03

guns, advanced through face-searing heat today and seized part of the vital southeast Borneo petroleum port of Balikpapan.
 Australian radio reports asserted they also had captured both the Sepinggang and Manggar airfields, three and ten miles northeast of Balikpapan, and the Australian commander declared the two-day- old invasion already was a "stra- tegic' success.
 Volcanoes of fire and dense black smoke from the blazing heart of the refinery area rolled over Aussie- held ridges that dominate both the town and the beach.
 Standing atop the highest of these ridges, It. Gen. Sir Leslie J. Mors- head Australian Corps Commander, declared that quick capture of this commanding ground had insured success of the campaign"
 "In a strategic sense," he ex- plained, the campaign is won," al though Japanese resistance inland was stiffening and the enemy's con- cealed artillery still was spattering ridges and beachhead.
 Tokyo radio said approximately 1000 Allied troops had been put ashore by last night, spearheaded by two heavy tanks and 50 medium tanks. The Japanese placed air sup port of this ground operation at ITO planes and noted an increase of warships, including five cruisers, 50 transports and other types"
 Gen. Douglas MacArthur's com- munique today located the invading Australian Seventh Division-vet- erans of early New Guinea fighting and of the Syrian deserts nearly two miles inland and spread for three miles along the seashore.
 Macarthur did not confirm cap ture of the airfields, but Associated Press Correspondent Russell Brines earlier reported from the front that capture of Sepinggang, at least, was imminent.
 The Melbourne radio said air force crews began immediately to repair the bomb-cratered air stips which presumably will povide close land- based air support for the advancing infantry.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-07-03

JOHNSON IN TOWN Tony Johnson, of Skagway, is a guest at the Gastineau Hotel.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-07-03
PART OF BIG B0RNE0 PORT IS CAPTURED
Two Airfie Ids Reported Seized Volcanoes of
 Fire Blaze in Sector

(Continucd from Page Onej
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-07-03
HOSPITAL NOTES

Mrs. Neil Moore has entered St. Ann's Hospital for medical atten- tion.
 George Fullbrook has returned to his home from St. Ann's Hospital where he was a medical patient.
 Daisy Hayes was admitted yester- day to the Government Hospital.
 Susanna Fawcett has entered the Government Hospital for medical care.
 Dennis Brown, of Rake. was dis charged from the Government Hos pital yesterday.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-07-03
American Refugees
 5warIning 10 Paris

PARIS, July 3.-American offi- cials are considering the plight of thousands of refugees swarming in to the French capital from all over Europe-persons who claim Amer ica ncitizenship. According to Red Cross estimates, there are at least two thousand American citizens liv- ing in Paris now. And nobody knows how many are living in other Flu ropean cities.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-07-03
Legion Auxiliary
 Meeting Tonight

American Legion Auxiliary mem bers are urged to attend the special meeting of the Auxiliary this even- ing at the Legion Dugout at 8 o'clock. The business meeting will be as short as possible, following which those who can will go to Mrs. Al Zenger's home, to complete the packing of the rug rags which have been collected for the Veterans Hospital at American Lake, Wash.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-07-03
FARCE TONIGHT
 AT 10TH CENTURY;
 NEW SHOW ON ATH

Showing for the last times tonight at the 20th Century is the farce comedy, Make Your Own Bed starring Jack Carson and Jane Wy man with Alan Hale and Irene Manning in supporting roles. It is filled with funny, wacky situations that has kept audiences in gales of laughter.
 Opening feature for the 4th of July feature will be Uncertain Glory" with Errol Flynn and Jean Sullivan. Others in the cast include Paul Lukas and Faye Emerson.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-07-03
HOTfCE!

TOTfCE! Not responsible for any debts contracted only personally by our selves.
 MIR. & MRS. CHAS JOHNSON,
 Tenakee, Alaska.
The Daily Alaska empire., 1945-07-03
MIR. MRS. RAPUZZI HERE

MT and Mrs. L. Rapuzzi, of Skagway, are guest sat the Gastin- eau Hotel. He is Deputy U. S. Marshal at the Lynn Canal town
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-12
Jap Platoon Wiped Out
In 2-Hour 0kinaWa Battle
BY the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
OKINAWA, July IA heavily
armed Japanese platoon was wiped
out in a two-hour battle with alert
American troops today after sneak
ing within 200 yards of American
oath Corps headquarters in the first
organized attack since the Okinawa
campaign officially ended.
The Japs were moving toward the
headquarters of Maj. Gen. John r.
Hodges when surprised by patrol
led by Sergt. Lynn Bullen of Mason,
Mich. In the two-hour fight, "a of
the enemy were killed. 1t was not
known If any escaped.
Sergt. Bullen discovered two jap
anese machine-gun positions as he
was taking the patrol through heav-
lily wooded, hilly country near Naka-
gusuku Castle, former headquarters
of portion of the enemy's Okinawa
forces.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-12
Suzuki Cabinet Accused
OF Doing Nothing

SAN FRANCISCO, July IL (P).-
AS the constant blasting of Allied
bombs tore at Japan's home soil to-
day, leading Japanese journalist
accused the Suzuki cabinet of doing
nothing while the empire is con-
fronted by its most serious crisis, y
the Tokyo radio reported.
Eighty-two-year- old Ichiro $50
ho) Tokutomi, dean of the Japanese
press, exhorted the cabinet to do
better than hold routine meetings
in the premier's residence. The
enemy broadcast said:
Earlier Tokutomi severely criticized
the government for not telling the
people the truth about the serious
ness OF military setbackS in the
Pacific.
Broadcasts Express Fears.
Tokyo broadcasts today briumeo
over with fear for the future. They
included:
Worry that Admiral William r
Halsey's Sd Fleet was still on the
prowl and soon would launch an
other huge carrier plane attack.
Disclosure that japanese civilian
"deserters from the defense front
are attempting to flee bombed cite.
such as Yamagata in North Contra
Honshu instead of "digging-in."
Speculation that the British in.
tend to land on Car Nicobar Island
450 miles north of Sumatra, west Of
the Malay Peninsula.
The Sumatra area reports are
linked with earlier japanese deci-
sion to evacuate unnecessary civil
ians from the great Singapore naval
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-12
IA Are Arrested in Fire
To Foil Terror Campaign
Py the Associated Press.

Py the Associated Press.
DUBLIN, July 12.-Fourteen men
whom the government described as
leaders of the illegal Irish Republi-
can Army were arrested today after
Prime Minister De Valera invoked
emergency powers to foil what he
called plans for a terrorist cam
paign.
The arrested men were among 300
Irishmen released recently from in
ternment. They had been in custody
during the war under emergency
powers to protect Fires neutrality.
They formed the hard core of
the IRA" government spokesman
said, land were preparing to carry
on acts of terrorism again"
The seized men were taken to
"the Curragh," where 262 Germans
still are interned. All Allied service
men interned during the war have
been released
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1945-07-12
Russians Turn Over
Berlin Zones 10 u, :,
And British Officials
Soviet Pattern of Rule
Continues, Apparently
Without Change
By the Associated Press.

BERLIN, July 12.-Soviet au-
thorities formally relinquished
control of IL of Berlin's 20
boroughs today to American and
British officials, but the Russian
pattern of rule continued with
out any observable change.
The Allied command for the city
said existing Soviet regulations viii
remain in force until special
notice"
American attachments which had
been waiting since midnight of July
4 took over authority in the Amer
lean zone at 8 am. The British
got started legally at noon.
American truck conveys were be-
ing organized to feed 100000 Ber-
liners in the United States sector
from Western Germany and the
British also assumed responsibility
for 100000 city jewellers.
Berlin's outward life went on I'M
disturbed. Soviet-authorized schools
were open, Communist party district
headquarters was as active as ever
bucket brigades Of civilians were
still picking up rubble stone by
stone and differentiation" cafes
were ready for the midafternoor
rush of Allied and German patrons
In American-run boroughs mill.
tary government officers frankly
said they would mot change any
previous important Soviet direc-
tive" unless the multi-Allied COM
mand for Berlin SO decided.
| British officers also were expect.
ed to follow this general policy.
So, temporarily at least, the Brit
ish and American governments IL
Berlin differed radically from thos,
in Western Germany.
American counterintelligence of
ficers are now screening Soviet
appointed German administrator
and policemen for possible Nazis
but 1t was indicated that none ha.
turned up yet. 1t was also indi
Gated that if these civil servant
are regarded as efficient they vii
be retained in Office regardless o
whether they are Communists, So
cial Democrats or any other non
NaziS.