davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1945-02-02

In the light Of these reports and others
which have not been published but have
been received In compNtent circles in
the last 10 days, it Is suspected that the
control OF the NaZis may be on the wane
and that the entire situation hangs on
the attitude Of the army leaders, After
the July attempt at Hitler's life and
the drastic purge that followed, the i'm
preston prevailed in most Allied quar-
ters that Hitler had overcome the worst
opposition he could have found within
the Reich.
The number Of generals who went
over to the Moscow-spOnsored organiza-
ttion within a few weeks after the
aborted coup indicated that this sum-
nation was wrong. 1t is true that there
has been no wholesale surrender Of the
German forces in the east since the
start of the Russian blitz. But this does
not prove that there has been q lack Of
understanding between the generals in
Moscow and some of the commanders in
the east.
Important sections Of that front have
been yielded without any fight, and in
many instances the ordinary precau-
tionary measures such as destroying
bridges and placing mine fields in the
path of the advancing armies has been
neglected. This is interpreted to mean
that the generals, who have reached
the conclusion that the eastern front
must be opened up to the Red armies
to save something Of the wreck of Ger
many, considered it more advisable to
remain on the job and not fight, rather
than surrender to the Russians with
their troops.
The whole question of how soon we
may expect Germany to collapse turns
around the question of how far the mil
itary have advanced in gaining the up
per hand in Germany and whether they
have decided to break away from Hitler
and his gang in the same manner the
generals in 1918 had broken away from
the Kaiser
From the flimsy intelligence at our
disposal, it would appear that the power
OF Hitler and Himmler is on the wane.
And while there is no longer an exclusive
aristocratic caste in the Wehrmacht 1t
seems that the generals from middle
class families, such as Guderian may
have decided to throw their lot with the
generals in Moscow in order to put an
end to war
Evening star., 1945-02-02
Weather Comment

News dispatches, photographs and
soldiers letters coming back from
the western front in Europe stress
the rigors of the climate and in
eyitably send readers to their maps
for an explanation. One glance suf-
fees to tell the story The First
Army and the Third Army are work
ing in an area cut by the fiftieth
degree of north latitude. That
means that they roughly are in
zone comparable with Labrador.
Liege and Cologne, incredible as it
may seem at first thought, are near
er to the Pole than Montreal and
Quebec.
But something of a mystery re-
mains, even when the geographical
aspect of the matter has been
studied with care. The Weather Bu-
reau says that the lowest tempera-
ture ever reported for Berlin is
minus fifteen''-which means fit
teen degrees below zero" Danzig
nas known the thermometer to reg
lister one point higher, Paris one point
lower. But there is nothing re-
n1arkable about those figures as re-
garded by resident Of Washington.
The lowest temperature officially
chronicled for the Capital of the
United States is another minus If
teen" And that, of course, is posi-
lively sultry as compared with
"forty-four below" at South Casco
on Lake Sebago. Maine, and an al
legged "sixty-six below" in Yellow
stone National Park.
Water, the Weather Bureau scien-
lists declare. has a tremendous in
fluence on climate. The reason why
London never has been colder than
-four above" is that England, as
Shakespeare put 1t. is "a precious
Evening star., 1945-02-02
This Changing World
By Constantine Brown

Americas warplanners are now focus
Ing their attention on what Is happen
ing inside Germany.
In the past various reports from neu-
trail sources announcing the disintegra-
ton OF the home front, riots in various
German towns and provinces, rebellions
In the German Navy and other such
incidents have been discounted by most
American and British observers. These
were either Goebbels plants" to deceive
us Observation-Disclosures of the AL
lied intelligence services which bounced
: back on us.
In the last few days. however, there
has been tendency to believe that at
least some of these reports from neutral
and Allied countries bordering the Reich
may have spark of truth For instance,
the report from the generally little-re-
liable Paris radio that Gen. Hans
Guderian had been replaced by 100
percent Nazi, Gen. Rendulic, is plau-
sible. Guderian is the best German
tank expert. But he is also described by
those who have known him in the past
as a politically minded general who
would serve the interests of those who
are strongest.
WAluc IklcIc HAS DctIl ITO COIllTuldClOn
that the commander of the eastern front
has been replaced and that he has gone
over to the Free Germany Committee
the Paris report is not being discounted
as a fabrication.
There is likewise no confirmation that
Gestapo Chief Heinrich Himmler has
ordered the arrest of high-ranking Ger
man officers from the rank Of field mar
shall down because they were suspected
Of being sympathetic to the Junker-
headed Free Germany Committee, which
some reports indicate is getting ready to
form provisional government of the
Reich to discuss" unconditional sur
render with the Allies. The report of
the arrests Is likely to be correct
A number of American officers who
have kept in touch as closely as circum-
stances permit with the developments on
the eastern front have suspected some
sort Of an understanding between the
German officers in Moscow and those on
the eastern front. The unprecedented
advance of the Russians against strong
German force forewarned by at least
eight weeks Of the impending offensive
has led American and British observers
to believe that the Free Germany Com
mittee has done good job.
Evening star., 1945-02-02
Threot of Organized Hote
From the New York Herald Tribune.

From the New York Herald Tribune
A warning from H. Scudder Mekeel.
associate professor of anthropology at
the University of Wisconsin, is worth
attention He has expressed the fear
Ito the National Committee for Mental
Hygiene) that organized hate, masoue-
rading as nationalism, is imminent in
this country If history is to repeat it.
self. He spoke of "the Know Nothinps
IN the decade preceding the Civil War.
the American Protective Association be-
fore the Spanish War and
the second Ku Klux Khan after the FIRST
World War" and foresaw as quite pos
sible the early revival in full force OF
the Klan or the fresh creation of q
similar organization. No one In his
senses would pooh-pooh the danger.
Evening star., 1945-02-02
Seoscupe

SSOS(OpS
In the far sea's embrace, an island
shines,
One facet OF sparkling summer dov,
Where feeting rainboUs tint the firing
spray
And emerald tnpers dot the darker pines.
Faint trnceries more delicate than pines
Inscribe the page OF sand as ripples
play,
But tello,D-ripples, laughing, pash
GtDdy
Unread. the message OF those fragile
Here, hours are set to music. Melodv
Attends the slo,D tides rhythm. Beat
ing tDings JT
Fare out across the glimmering fields
OF sea.
At the tDind's touch, edch pine tres
sighs and sings -
4 harp totth sea-tdles on its nauted
strings,
Dim ballads, nsarmurous NTH antiquity.
INEz BARCLAY KIRBY.
Evening star., 1945-02-02
A Good Duy's Work

asThe House of Representatives is to
be congratulated on its passage of
the modified national service legis-
lation. 1t goes beyond what some
people believe is necessary. It falls
far short of what others think should
have been done long ago. But it
probably comes as near meeting the
real demand for compulsory work
legislation - providing for compul-
sion only when voluntary methods
fail-as could be expected.
The House leaders were faced with
difficult task in plotting the bill
through. 1t would have been i'm
proved had it contained the Wads-
worth amendment, giving man
drafted for essential work a free
choice on union membership. For
the possibility that the United
States Government might send
man to jail for refusal to join a
union is not a healthy thing to
contemplate, and in the long run
would harm rather than help the
cause of organized labor.
But the practical question was the
adoption of this amendment, which
in all probability would have meant
adoption of an even more controver-
slal one enforcing FEPC policy and
probably killing the bill. or passing
the bill without either amendment.
The passage of the bill is more i'm
portant than either amendment.
The hope now is that the Senate
will follow the example of the
House and enact compulsory work
legislation for which the President,
General Marshall and Admiral King
and their production men have
asked The possibility that Germany
may collapse before spring makes
enactment more than ever necessary.
For without it We day would mean,
as so often pointed out, letdown
In many industrial plants which
would handicap our conduct of the
war against Japan.
Some method may yet be found to
compromise the difference over COM
pqlsory union membership. The bill,
1t is true. gives the drafted man a
reasonable choice of employers, and
1t is possible that such a choice
Would prevent enforced membership
In union holding a closed shop con-
tuact. Draft boards would have the
matter always in mind and it would
be policy to avoid the issue.
But it is not fact that Mr.. Wads-
worth's amendment was an anti
union amendment. That amendment
specifically protected all laws relating
to collective bargaining, maximum
hours, minimum wages. etc. It
provided, in addition, That every
person assigned to employment
under this section shall have the
right to join any union or organ
ization of employees, but no such per-
son shall be obliged to join any such
union or organization as a condition
OF his employment if he should not
freely choose to do So"
That amendment merely preserves
an individual right which should be
rs sacred as other rights guaranteed
under the Bill of Rights. Should the
actual administration of the work
or-jail" law ever send man to iail
because he does not choose to Join
any organization, whether it be a
church, union or a political party
organized labor will lose. as the re-
suit of public indignation, some of
the advantages it has gained.
Evening star., 1945-02-02
Not q Good Omen

Senate yesterday probably marks out
the lines along which the Wallace
incident" will finally be settled.
BY the one-sided vote of IA to IL,
the legislators adopted the George
bill divorcing the loan agencies from
the Department of Commerce. Ad-
ministration leaders have promised
prompt and favorable action in the
House, and the President has said
that he will sign the bill. This may
be counted as distinct gain, for
it seems wholly desirable to separate
the lending agencies from the Com
merce Department. Essentially, this
Is a reform in the interests of good
administration, and is not neces-
sarily concerned with personalities.
With this assurance that the
George bill would become law, the
Senate then decided to put off
action on the nomination of Mr..
Wallace to be Secretary of Commerce
until March l. BY that time, pre-
sumably, the House and the Pres
ident will have acted on the separa-
tion measure, and, if that be the
case, the indications are that Mr..
Wallace will be confirmed for the
cabinet post.
1t Is difficult to believe that he
can contemplate the prospect with
any great enthusiasm. The Senate
vote on the George bill is a clear
and emphatic vote of mo confidence"
in Mr.. Wallace as successor to all of
the functions heretofore exercised
by the Secretary of Commerce. Yet
it has been made plain that Mr..
Wallace wanted all of the functions
with which Jesse Jones had been
entrusted-not for the mere sake of
power, but because he believes they
are necessary for the testing of the
economic theories which he put be-
fore the Senate as constituting his
program. There Is a possibility, of
course, that Mr.. Wallace has reason
to believe-or to hope-that the
President will designate some one to
head the loan agencies who sees
eye-to-eye with him on economic
theory, and who would collaborate
in trying out the WALLACE. program.
But this seems unlikely, since the
man named to head the loan
agencies, whoever he may be, will
still have to clear the hurdle of
Senate confirmation. A fairer esti-
mate would seem to be that,,.Mr.
Wallace, if he becomes Secretary OF
Commerce, will find himself in the
position Of wanting to revamp our
economy, but of being unable, be-
cause of Senate distrust, to obtain
the tools which he believes to be
necessary for the job.
II it works out that way, the net
result will be approximately this:
The President will have as his new
Secretary of Commerce the man of
his choice-but at the price of re-
ducing cabinet position to the level
of ward politics. The services of the
able Jesse Jones will have been lost
to an administration which can i'll
afford to dispense with men of his
capacities. The business community
will be left to face an uncertain
future, not knowing what the eco
nomic policies of the Government
may be, nor how it may undertake
to implement them. And finally, a
new and needless friction will have
developed between the administra-
ton and the Senate, and within the
Democratic party, at time when
harmony is of greatest Importance.
All in all, it is decidedly not a good
omen for the fourth term.
Evening star., 1945-02-02

The Japanese forces on Luzon seem
to be in process of being cut into four
parts, without land communication with
each other:
% Northern Luzon (Baguio and
northward.
CD Southern Luzon manila and
southwark.
80 Bataan Peninsula.
(4) The Zambales mountain region
on the west coast.
This process has not yet been COM
pleted. The following steps are neces-
being taken:
% Advance by the 9Th Army to
the road functions of San Jose and
Cabanatuan, on Highway No. 5. The
highway has been cut between these
two towns, but it is paralleled by
road which swings round to the east
ward, leaving No. at San Jose and
coming back to 1t at Cabanatuan.
American forces are pressing on toward
San Jose; as for Cabanatuan, it was
raided Wednesday by party Of
Rangers and Filipino guerrillas who
rescued American prisoners of war and
inflicted heavy loss on the japanese
garrison, and native reports say the
Japanese now have evacuated the town.
1t seems reasonable, therefore, to expect
the final cutting of Highway No. S to
be accomplished within the very near
future.
Cd A junction between the 9th
Army, coming from Subic Bay, with the
9Th Army southwest of San Fernando.
will cut off Rata IN pepinsl1la alt0rether
and will also close off the southern ap-
proaches to the Zambales mountain
area. The 9th Army IS advancing with
out sign of Japanese resistance, and
the two forces are but 20 miles apart.
Therefore it also seems reasonable to
expect that this junction will be
effected.
It seems almost incredible that the
Japanese have sat supinely by and
watched the exploitation of our central
position to this extent, without attempt
ing to take any counteraction worth
mentioning Yet so it is, and the OBJ
vious question is-why? Are the Japa-
nese actually too weak on Luzon to put
up any sort Of fight against our forces?
This may be so. The Japanese forces
in the Philippines may have been over
estimated, or the japanese may have
wasted their strength in the defense of
Leyte to such an extent that the defense
Of Luzon has been hopelessly COM
promised.
But from all indications 1t seems
rather more likely that the japanese
commander on Luson rs 1t still Gen.
Kodiak mirror., 1945-01-20

There is a submarine device that tells depths on the principle of reflected radio waves, From a tiny, insignificant box waves are sent out, to come bouncing back in reflections that are auto maticaIly timed during their ab- sence so by knowing how long they are gone you 1now how deep it is.
 As is with so many strange devices, another use has been found for this mechanical marvel
 It has been tried and proven true that the instrument can be
 (c ontinued on page 10)
Kodiak mirror., 1945-01-20

We are so tired of wrong re- presentations of Kodiak weather, that seeing a story in the Alaska Catholic that mentions our mod crate climate comes as welcome as breath in Spring.
 In telling of the Grey Nuns arriving in Kodiak to take over the hospital, it says:
 "The unsurpassed scenery of Alaska thrilled them, and the mild climate in Kodiak, where cattle and sheep graze in the open the entire winter. was a revelation. It is quite a change from the severe winters in Phil adelphia to the more moderate temperature of Kodiak"
 Will the Philadelphia Bulletin please note for future reference.
Kodiak mirror., 1945-01-20

Life contains an article by Colo man Jonas, taxidermist. called Trough Lady of Kodiak" which describes a Kodiak bear hunting trip made by the author and 5 other hunters, under the guid- ance of Charles Madsen.
Kodiak mirror., 1945-01-20
KODIAK DIARY

Many ucIc iOhuOlhOOi
 Peabody, former taxi driver. He 1 is now a lieutenant in the Army, and his wife, Jean, former man. ager of the Island Fountain. is living in Portland, Oregon.
 From somewhere in the Meth erlands East Indies It. Peabody
 wrote the following letter on New Years Eve:
 just received another roll of my favorite paper, the "Kodiak Mirror" and couldn't help but sit down and write a letter. First want to wish all g Happy
 New Year and hope those v
 servicemen listed in your Octob- CT IA Mirror (Kodiak's Honor
 Roll of Servicemen of this area) . will all be back in Kodiak by Jan. 1st, 1946. Number 78, my self, would also like to be in- cluded in that list. (Ed. Note: As a result of letters from ser vicemen and friends the list is now 1O4-now 105.)
 This is New Years Eve and for me certainly not a reason able facsimile to the two l spent in Kodiak. Liquor is high and scarce and there are no night clubs, restaurants, bars, etc. Fortunately for us G1's on this island there are not many re- maining Nips. We have knocked off quite few since our am- phibious landing here a few months ago In New Guinea on July saw my first combat and damn tough 1t was-enough to last me for the duration.
 | It does not seem possible that Jean and I have been away from 1 Kodiak one and a half years. l 1 went into the army at Fort 1 Lewis in August l943 as soon as r arrived from Kodiak. 1 was stationed fortunately. and went
 through my basic training in in- fantry at Camp Adair, just 70 miles from Portland. Was ship
 ped to California April 1914, Sailed for New Guinea the first part of May, then combat soon after I arrived and was sent to
 a new (for mel infantry division. After our first fight ended in New Guinea in August 1 was recommended for a direct field
 commission and received it soon
 after we made our landing on
 this island. Quite a break for me l in more ways than one.
 I know a good deal of the
 happenings and "goings on" in
 Kodiak but can't hear too much
 Kodiak has left me with a gooc
 many wonderful memories. Hope
 all of you who are still there
 realize how very fortunate you
 are.
 Max address is It. M. N
 Peabody, O-16S63O5, Hq. Co.,,
 1st Bn 124th Inf APO 31, care
 of Postmaster San Francisco.
Kodiak mirror., 1945-01-20
Legal Notice IN THE PROBATE co. FOR THE TERRIFIC
 OF ALASKA
 THIRD DIVISION KODIAK PRICING
 AT KODIAK In the Matter of the Esta
 of
 H. s. DANIELSON. Dece In Probate No. "A
Notice Of Final Hear,

NOTICE IS HEREBY FEN that Kate Danielson. cutrix of the Estate of Danielson. deceased, ha4 herein her final account am tion for distribution of tn, estate, and that Tuesday, B 6, 1945, at the hour of 2 l in my office, in the City of iak. Territory of Alaska been set for the settleme the said account and the h, on the petition for distrib, and all persons interested i estate are notified ther there to appear and show if any they have, why thU account should not be { and allowed and distributi the said estate should not upon be immediately ms the persons entitled t without further notice o ceedings.
 DATED at Kodiak, A. this 26th day of December,
 Chas. c. Naughton
 United States Commiss
 and Ex-Offcio Probate J
 Try a classified ad.
Kodiak mirror., 1945-01-20

The December issue of Outdoor
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-04-12
IT. DISCOVERS
 WAY TO USE SEA
 WATER IN BREAD

Chicago, April 12. (UP)-Lt. Owen N. Tucker. Minneapolis, has been cited recently as the "hero of the Army ovens. He has discover ed a method of using sea water in the manufacture of bread where formerly 1t was believed only fresh water could be used.
 The old maxim, Water, water everywhere and not a drop" to make bread with was virtually dis proven when It. Tucker began to work out a solution to the problem. Tucker was in charge of baking units on the hot, arid sands of the African invasion coast. His troops were within a few hundred yards of the ocean, but because salt water reacts dissatisfactorily upon yeast, there was no bread baked for the troops.
 Permission was given It. Tucker to carry on baking experiments
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-04-12
FOUR PLAINTIFFS
 AWARDED $9,6OO
Two Additional Suits Are Pending as Result of
 Plan Road Collision

A superior court jury of five wom- en and seven mer yesterday after noon awarded a totcl of $9,600 damages to four plaintiffs against Rocco Leogrande of Waterbury, operator of car which was involved in collision last Dec. 3 on Plank road. The other driver, Eileen Me- Donald, local registered nurse, who was also defendant in the litiga- tion, was exonerated If charges of negligence by the jury.
 Awards were made as follows: Nicholas Catapano, 5000; Carmella Catapano, $2,000; Theresa Leogran- de, $100; Marguerite Atkinson, $2,500. Miss Atkinson was pas senger in Miss McDonald's car, while the. other plaintiffs were oc- cupants of the Leogrande car.
 The jury deliberated three-quar- ters of an hour over interrogatories regarding responsibility for the ac- cident, and for an hour and quarter on the specific damages to be awarded. The jury held the &C., cident resulted from negligence on the part of Leogrande only.
 A decision is still awaited in com mon pleas court on an action brought by Miss Mcdonald against Leogrande as a result of the ac- cident. Another suit, brought by Mary O'Rourke, a passenger in the Mcdonald car, is pending in that court.
The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-04-12
Bad for FOre1s1e1r

We think it would be bad for foremen if American industry should be compelled to make a change in its proven type of organization, which would unavoidably re- duce the foreman's status, diminish his responsibility, authority and influence, decrease his opportunities for personal advancement.
 In General Motors, foremen have always had important responsibilities and authority. We have always guarded the status of our foremen, and have provided special training to improve their abilities, increase their efficiency and enhance their opportunities for promotion to even more important man. agement positions. The great majority of General Motors principal executives at one time were foremen.
 We are convinced that it would be impos- sible for foreman to follow both manage ment and union leaderships at the same time, and under those conditions to carry on all his duties as they now exist. All elements of management must have conl- mon objective.
 It would obviously be impossible, for in- stance, for him as fellow unionist with those under him, to perform his functions which relate to their working conditions, wages, promotions and assignments on the unbiased basis which is essential to good management.