davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-11-03
Glass Of Esther
Elects Officers

The Class o. Esther ~ second
Bsp:,@ c1ur,h held - monthly
meeting ~ The home - Mrs Hen
rieita Whct>,orc 1913 Benson
street. with the president. Mrs A.
= Gil, preS.dua Devotional serv-
ICES we're conducted hv the chap
lam. Mrs Be,se Wheeler
THE BUSINESS meeting was
short and interesting !; was con-
GUIDED by the hostess serving a de-
lclous repast The next meeting
Will DC held =, the home OF Mrs
George Jennings. lI40 Jos Cam
pau. Nov 9 Election Of Officers
vii DC helS and annual reports
read
Visitors al the last meeting we're
Misses JaCquelIne Leakc and Dyene
Jackson. T c. and John Whct-
stone 4 new member in the per
son Of Mrs Simmons was vel
coined BY the president
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-11-03
CHURCH wOMAN'S DAY

Womsn's Day al the Church o.
God, Gratiot and Joseph Campau.
was hichlighted by the appearance
q, Mrs L D Lockett as guest
speaker. The program began at
$50 pm.
Elder T d McGhee preached the
morning service from the subject
The Withered Hand" A rally
Will be held Nov. 4 al the church
The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current, 1945-11-03
INCREASE IN FISHERS

LANSING 49, Sales Of temporary
and annual nonresident fishing Ii
censes are Is per cent above those
of last year according to the con-
Servation department
End OF hoStilities was marked by
a sharp increase in tourist travel
as reflected in fishing license sales
10 out-state residents.
Evening star., 1945-12-24

necessity and, therefore, truth. It
was truth that human beings-born to
ole-Whose lives are full of suffering and
war ana WlckedneSs and Illustration. ever
nope for the son of man who will reign
without force in the City of God; in the
community which is a brotherhood: in
the time when men and nations shall
be reconclled. Aspiration is truth. and
lives were tested by one life and in the
very Wickedest times, of which this is
one, there was always that image. so
attractive and so disturbing, that drew
men unto it.
Strong rulers, the secular theocrats
were ever afraid of that image. When
Hitler put up gas chambers he had to
lndoctrinate youths actively to scorn the
image so that it would not rise before
their eyes when they were doing that
which would have scared their souls if
they were permitted to have souls: if
their souls were not first killed so they
could destroy other peoples bodies.
At the Kremlin Square the revolution
had written religion is an opiate of the
people But when the invaders came
and towns were burned and people
outcnered more was needed than a ma
terial creed All material things were
lost all suffering was equal.
Then If the image were an opiate. it
was for otherwise intolerable pain. It
was, and is, the promise
Now, on the birthday of Jesus there
are millions of children being born In
stables and caves of mothers who have
nowhere to lay their heads, and there
Is no song in the air or star in the sky.
And because we cannot bear that we
turn our faces from it. We buy out all
the stores; We light up Christmas to a
dazzle so that the Christmas dazzle will
blind out Christmas-the child horn in
stable and the gospel of love.
That is why it is strange Christmas,
and the star in the sky is perhaps an
atom bomb, and peace is persecution and
war unending, and even those who do
not believe in the image cannot forget
its troubling and its Joy. 1t is always
there-always holding out that hope of
reconciliation and brotherhood that can
be realized only by man himself, who
wants and longs for it, but will not
strive for it.
released by the Bell Syndicate, Inc.)
Evening star., 1945-12-24

in which cabinets are chosen offers no
evidence favoring such an assumption.
Cabinet officers. especially at the be-
ginning of an administration, are chosen
for many reasons, few of which have
any bearing on the quality of the man.
Geography looms large. North, East,
South and West must be represented. ."
There are heads of big party factions
to be chosen, as was Bryan, in Wilson'S
time. Political debts are paid in cabinet
jobs And sometimes sheer chance is
involved. I have high authority for the
story that when Woodrow Wilson chose
one of his secretaries, he was thinking
OF another man and by mistake offered
the job to man of the same name.
There certainly is no reason for con-
fidence, looking back at the succession
of War and Navy Secretaries who held
Office between the two last wars. The
prospective Secretary of National De-
Tense will probably be the run-of- the
mill political appointee, with little Ca
pacity to ease the Presidents task of
coordination. In the last analysis, the
President must coordinate. He Is the
Commander in Chief. He needs help.
But not through reshufling Of the
cabinet.
tReleased by Associated Newspapers. Inc)
Evening star., 1945-12-24
A Persuasive AppeoI

President Truman is on strong
ground in urging Congress not to
enact any legislation which would
prohibit or reduce immigration to
this country by the homeless, starv-
ing people in the desolated countries
of Europe.
1t was only last week that the
Senate, over the objection of the
President and the State Depart
ment, adopted resolution calling
upon this Government to use its
good offices with the British toward
the establishment of Jewish COM
monwealth in Palestine with free
entry for Jews. The administration
objected to this resolution, not be-
cause it looks with disfavor upon
the movement of Jews into Pales-
tine, but because the resolution
might be expected to embarrasS the
British at the very time that joint
British-American, inquiry was un-
der way in an effort to facilitate the
transfer of 100000 displaced Jews
in Europe to Palestine. With only
Chairman Connally of the Foreign
Relations Committee dissenting,
however, the Senate overrode the
President and the Secretary of State
to vote for adoption of the resolu-
ton. Because of this, if for no other
reason, the Senate in particular, and
the House, too, should be favorably
disposed toward the Presidents plea
against any modification of our own
existing immigration quotas on the
ground that "it is essential that we
do this ourselves to show our good
faith in requesting other nations to
open their doors for this purpose"
The President asks for nothing
that is new or startling. Some 1000
Yugoslav, Polish and Czech refugees
from Italian camps who were ad-
nlitted to this country by the late
President Roosevelt as an emer-
gency measure would be permitted
to stay, President Truman pointing
out that most of them would be
eligible for admission under the i'm
migration laws in any event. In ad-
dition, he proposes that the immi-
grafton quotas established by exist
ing law be maintained. This would
mean that $500 of the wars victims
in Europe, with special attention be-
ing given to orphaned children,
would be admitted to this country
each month without cost to this
Government.
This is all that the President asks
of Congress, and it is not much.
Certainly, it would be shameful
thing to do less.
Evening star., 1945-12-24
This Changing World
BY Constantine Brovn

For the first time since 1887, when
Generalissimo Chang Kai-shek's gov
ernment and the Communist party
reached an agreement to join forces
against the Japanese, the prospects for
a compromise between the two hostile
groups in China are encouraging.
1t is in this atmosphere of conciliation
that Gen. George G. Marshall, President
Truman's special envoy to Chungking,
has begun his negotiations which, 1t is
hoped, will lead to stabilization of con-
ditions in country of some 400 900 900
people who long have suffered from civil
wars and organized brigandage.
Since early October the latent conflict
between the Central Government and
the Yenan Communists has turned into
open hostility. During the war the two
groups eyed each other with suspicion,
but actual armed conflicts were sporadic
and on small scale.
But soon after the Japanese surren-
dered the Chinese Communists began to
receive adequate quantities of arms and
ammunition from unknown" quarters
ana made race for Manchuria and
some OF the more important ports on
the China Sea with the aim of capturing
them before the forces of the Central
Government could reach them.
Important battles were fought That
Is to say, they were important in the
oinclal communicates issued from Yenan
ana from the Chinese Communist news
agency which Gen. Chang allowed to
junction in the Central Governments
temporary capital.
In fact the battles were more noisy
than bloody. Although the Central
Governments forces in many instances
were heavily outnumbered by the now
1ully armed guerrillas Of Gen. Mao Tse-
tung they were not able to prevent the
progress of the Chinese regulars. The
Russian forces of occupation in Man.
churla appeared at first to favor the
Chinese Communists, whom thev AL
lowed to dig in behind their own lines
Wnen they withdrew in accordance
with the Sino- Russian treaty signed in
MOSCOW last August, the Communists
were supposed to prevent Chiangs men
from occupying the zones assigned by
treaty to them
The Chinese Communists did such q
poor job of it that the Russians, who
always follow realistic policy. changed
their tune and withdrew their support
from the Yenan organization.
The news spread with uncanny rapid
lty to the most remote portions of China.
Although the official statement given bv
President Truman regarding the United
States policy in China lent itself to diff
ferent interpretations. it appears that
the leaders in Yenan learned that Gen,
Evening star., 1945-12-24
On the Record
By Dorothy THOMPSON

We celebrate a spendthrift Christmas
birthday, of child born in a stable.
among cattle, in the empire of Rome,
because His mother had nowhere to lay
her head. The story is that there was
song in the air and a star in the sky
and the song was Glory to God on
earth. peace and good will to all men"
But:
Here night descends. Everywhere
starvation, disease, cold. degradation
despair. In Czechoslovakia. million
children destitute. In Hungary. no
bread after February /. In Poland, un-
imaginable distress anguish. In
Berlin, infant mortality so per cent"
Report from Europe to the Unitarian
Service Committee.
The simple people among whom He
was born and grew up thought the full
f1llment OF Isaiah was at hand.
For unto us child is born, unto us
son Is given, and the government shall
be upon His shoulder, and His name
shall be called wonderful, counselor, the
mighty God. the everlasting Father.
the Prince of Peace
Men disputed about the story, and
skeptics said it was a myth, and traced
its origins to ancient cults But when
Rome, the mighty world empire, was
falling, and people were in despair, as
they are when the world is slipping out
from under their feet the strange Chris
tians had the promise of eternity, and
security in the community of faith and
love, which is the strongest community
Of all
When the great collapse came, the
greatest ever until now, the despised
Christians saved what there was to save
and when the dark lifted the age of
Christendom came.
There were no nations, there was
ChriStendom, and the early and middle
part Of the age was great-perhaps the
greatest-until corruption stole in, and
war and the black death corroded the
social fabric, and the reformation ex-
ploded the unity, and nations and ma
tionalism took form, and there were
many sorts of Christmas
But the story persisted. and those who
were too skeptical for faith had to be-
lieve in it, too, in their own way. It's
persistence revealed in itself human
Evening star., 1945-12-24

Marshall, while being ordered to use
every means at his disposal to bring
about an amalgamation of the two prin-
cipal political factions, was directed to
back the National Government If the
parleys between Gen. Chang and Gen.
Mao failed.
The Yenan organization was thus
faced with two new factors: the with
draWal of active military support from
the U. S. S. r. and the determination
OF the United States Government to SUD-
port eventually the only government
which had been recognized by all the
nations which had fought the war
against the Axis.
Under these conditions, Gen. Mao, as
chairman of the Communist party, de-
clded that policy of reconciliation was
now an absolute necessity, even if it
were only temporary. The converse
tions between Gen Chang and Gen.
Mao, engineered by the former American
ambassador Patrick j. Hurley, failed
principally because the Communists re-
fused to accept the integration of their
forces into the National Army. Gen.
Chlang was willing at all times to accept
the Communists into his government
and offered them responsible positions
in it.
But the refusal to form one army in
China under the orders and supervision
OF unified government was the only
real stumbling block in the path of re-
conciliation.
The indifference of the U. S. S. R.
toward the Communist armies of China
of
TO keep its pledge to help reorganize the
nationalist forces into an effective mill
tary body are expected to bring about
a change OF heart at Yenan.
Gen. Marshall's directives call for a
real effort to end the civil war in China
and build the foundation for a solid
political and economic development of
that country.
From the reports issued from inspired
sources in Yenan it appears that the
Communist Central Committee is far
more willing to cooperate than it has
been in the last four years.
Political matters such as elections for
a national convention improvement of
conditions of the tens of millions of
suffering Chinese and other internal
''reconverslons" are matters of detail
which will give no headache to President
Truman's special envoy
Without undue optimism-condition
in the Far East sometimes change most
nexpectedly-Gen. Marshall is said to
1eel that his mission to China will not
take as long as he had anticipated and
may be crowned with greater success
than he expected when he left Wash
lngton ten days ago.
Evening star., 1945-12-24
Illusion of UNITY
By Rayn MoIer

If mere compromise with a principle
is what is needed, it might be argued
that President Truman has made good
case for compromise in his message on
single Army-NavyAir Department. The
Army is given the single cabinet Office
which it wanted. Air is made CO.
ordinate, and thus minded people
are satisfied And in the merger of
supply and intelligence, the Navy plan
is followed.
But compromise in SUCH matters is not
enough. This is especially true with re-
spect to the provisions in the Presidents
message putting the air force on parity
with the Navy and the Army. Airship'
are instruments used to make lant
army or navy more efficient. Whei
air power was new, it was neglected by
a hide-bound Army and Navy. And So
to emphasize its Importance, it was
proposed to make it an independent
armed service and give its head cabi-
net rank. But air power isn't neglected
any more. Both the Army and Navy
have made immense use of it. 1t is
embedded in the armed services. There
is no reason to recognize its distinction
from the arms which use it. And Presi-
oOllO IcCOSIllZCS LIldl
the Navy should retain its air power.
Why should what remains of it be sepa-
rated from the Army and incorporated
in separate establishment? Perhaps
to give the Army relatively more influ-
ence In the new Department of National
Defense-two against one. This is not
a very convincing reason in an essen
TALLY naval power like the United States.
- Y y -
Another Truman proposal, apparently
included as compromise, is to have
a single Chief of Staff who shall be
drawn from each of the three armed
services in rotation, for terms of two
or three years. This again gives the
Army two whacks for one. 1t also draws
professional man from one of the serv-
ices, whose main job would be merely
to compose differences between the serv-
ices. And the composing OF such diff
ferences should not be the responsibility
of professional, but of civilian.
Most important of all is the error
of the assumption that new super
cabinet officer can be found who is,
indeed. Q super-person. The manner
Evening star., 1945-12-24
Peucetime Intelligence

Americas new peacetime foreign
intelligence service will have little
resemblance to the undercover
groups romanticized in the mystery
novels of E. Phillips Oppenheim and
other storytellers of the foreign
intrigue school, according to Col.
Alfred Mccormack, who has been
assigned to organize the service. It's
members will not wear false mus
taches, carry daggers and fit in and
out of foreign chancelleries with
furtive looks on their faces and
microphones in their pockets. Their
mission will not be to stir up wars,
either deliberately or by the indirect
method of giving offense through
inept espionage. On the contrary,
Col. Mccormack asserts, 1t will be
the purpose of the service, first, to
avoid war by learning to know and
understand other countries and
peoples, and, second, to be prepared
for any attack that might be
launched against us.
One of the great handicaps
which confronted this country in
both world wars was the scarcity
of reliable information at hand
concerning not only industrial and
military resources of our enemies,
but such vital things as depth of
certain harbors and channels, de-
tails of shore configuration, soil
conditions at spots considered for
amphibious landings and for con-
struction of air strips, etc. Being
traditionally a nation more inter-
ested in preserving peace than in
preparing for war, we allowed our
potential enemies to photograph and
map many of our own defense
points, while we were content to
receive and file what meager data
our consuls and military and naval
attaches were able to pick up more
or less casually. We had no full
time collectors of special informa-
ton, and suffered by reason thereof.
1t is reassuring to know that we
intend to profit by past mistakes
and that in the new era of atomic
energy and electronics, when it will
be vital to Americas security to
keep abreast of what the other
Evening star., 1945-12-24
Christmas Eve-1945

Not yet deep. lasting peace - mis-
Christmas eUei
While angels sing OF peace on earth,
their song
Seems strangely premature. But 10
not grieDe,
o listening ,oorld:: TIE time nsed not
Till lasting peace shall come-that song
ring clear,
Though plants obscure It on this
Holy Night,
And ,Dnr's dark memories-the dismal
fear
OF atoms-split-bec the Yuls
stars light
Not peace-u stpord-the spirits rust
less sDord-
More po,oerful than bomb or battle
ship,
He gtues US Who, at practicers OF fraud,
Was not afraid to lash merciless
,phip.
Accept that s,Dord no,o; use 1t WITHOUT
cease
Until, on earth, there shall be lasting
pedcei
VIOLET ALLEYN STOREY.
Evening star., 1945-12-24
The Main Objective
From Montreal La Presse.

From Montreal La Presse
Canada has paid for the privilege of
finding out that public works in times
of unemployment are not an ideal rem
edy. 1t cost great deal during the
economic crisis to assure necessities to
thousands of people across Canada gen.
orally, without recovering from 1t any,
thing in compensation for enormous
outlay. No, the dole" as direct aid
was called, cannot be considered ex-
cept as an expedient to which 1t is per-
missible to have recourse for lack of
something better, and after having ex-
universal employmenD is principle
which must be put at the head OF all
the rules to be followed during the re-
construction period now commencing.
Evening star., 1945-12-24
Urges Relief for President

To the Editor Of The Star:
Had not read it in reputable Jour-
nal I would never have believed that
the net income of the President of the
United States is but little over 1000
year, but that seems to be the case,
Here 1t Is: After paying Federal and
Missouri taxes there remain s28. 500
But out of this sum the President is
obliged to meet food costs and other
expenses of the White House staff
which average around $4,000 a month
This leaves him a little over $4,000 a
year with which to meet the ordinary
expenses of the first family of the land
II these figures are correct, or even
approximately so, the situation is dis
graceful. Here we have man elected
by the majority of our people, a man
who Is expected to devote his entire
time while in Office to working for the
general welfare, man who heads the
biggest and most powerful Government
this world has ever known "a man-kill-
ing job, If ever there was one), man
whose integrity must be above suspicion
man whose failures never are excused
only to discover that his net wage is less
than that of skilled mechanic.
The people of the United States have
been lucky, for so far as my knowledge
goes no President ever has enriched
himself while in office; and yet the
salary of the Office has been but a pit
tance compared with the salaries paid
the top men of our large corporations.
A President cannot step outside his
office and build up a fortune, because
he dare not put himself under monetary
obligation to any one the people
wouldn't stand for it. But the tempta-
ton to do so at times must be almost
overwhelming
Well, what to do about it? suggest
that the salary of the President be
exempted by legislation from Federal
and State taxes and further, upon re-
firing from office, he be given a pension
for life of at least $4,000 a year, free
also from Federal and State taxes.
COL. H. H. PEEL,
U. S. Army, Retired.
Evening star., 1945-12-24
Letters to The Star
Denies Theory That Palestine
Is Chiefly Britain's Problem
To the Editor Of The Star:

| To the Editor Of The Star:
In your editorial of December 10, un-
der headline, Palestine Vote,' you
stated: "The British, as Senator Con-
nally pointed out, are not apt to be
favorably persuaded by adoption OF a
resolution to which they probably are
opposed as being an intrusion into what
they regard as primarily their affair,
and which they know was not support
ed by the President"
But it is a grossly mistaken notion
that the disposition of Palestine is pri-
marily British affair. Palestine is not
British crown colony-much as she
would like to have the world believe
but inundated territory, granted to
her by the League of Nations for the
express purpose of "the establishment
in Palestine of a national home for the
Jewish people" paragraph of Pre-
amble to Mandate for Palestine), and
ito facilitate Jewish immigration e
and encourage close settlement by Jews
on the land, including state lands and
waste lands not required for public
purposes" (Article of mandate)
The convention of December S, 1925,
between the United States and Great
Britain-the ratification of which was
advised by the Senate on February 20,
l925-expressly recited these provisions
of the mandate, and provided further,
in Article 7, that nothing contained in
the present convention shall be af-
fected by any modification which may
be made in the terms of the mandate,
as recited above, unless such modifica-
ton shall have been assented to by the
United States
Can 1t be said that British White
Paper, which cut off all Jewish immi-
grafton into Palestine as of May, 1914,
which restricted land purchase to
narrow coastal strip, and which virtual
ly sets up, not a Jewish homeland, but
an Arab state five years hence-with
the Jews frozen as a permanent minor
ity-is not modification of the terms
OF the mandate? This same White
Paper, which the Permanent Mandates
Commission of the League of Nations
characterized as turning the mandate
upside down"
1t was altogether fitting and proper
that the Senate, and now the House,
should have proclaimed to the world
that 1t stands by its solemn pledges to
the Jewish people and that agreements
entered into bilaterally cannot be re-
nounced unilaterally. Whatever NAV
have been the reasons for Americas
silence when the iniquitouS White
Paper was first promulgated in 1899,
those reasons no longer obtain, and
the Congress of the United States,
in its fortnight and overwhelming
reaffirmation of the terms of the
Balfour declaration and the mandate,
has rendered the forces of humanity,
justice and morality signal service.
II 1t was important in 1925 that the
provisions of the mandate be carried
out, it is immeasurably more important
today with 5000 900 Jews already dead,
with 100000 hanging on desperately in
concentration camps and with 1000 900
clamoring for admission into Palestine
the only country in the world that
can anf wants TO give them refuge.
A. L. SHALOWITZ.