davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12
Prof. O. B. Cobbins To Head Negro
Division For 9TH War Loan Drive

quency In the city of Jackson
number of the more open and fla
grant conditions effecting the char
acter and spirit Of the Negro youth
was pointed out. It was also point
ed out that while there were some
Negro members on the existing Jul
venile Council of the city, the work
of the Negro Council would be
largely that of pointing out ana
keeping the members Of the coun-
ell informed as to existing eondi
tons, and urging them, and sup
porting them in urging that legal.
and other proper means be taken
to correct such conditions.
Working on the assumption that
a far larger number of men ana
women would become interested In
such an organization, the perma-
nent organization of the group, and
the election of a permanent staff
of officers was deferred until a flu
ture meeting, although the organ
ization was formed and the name
adopted, The Jackson Negro Juve-
nile Council,
Attending the meeting were:
Walter H. aDuke' Williams, presi-
dent of the Jackson Chamber of
Commerce, Mrs. A. M. Norman, di-
rector of the Soldiers Service Cen
ter. Prof. o. B. Cobbins. Mrs. LII
ellie Urice. DR.. A. NJ. Hair, Mrs. L.
Braksdale.. Percy Greene and Mrs.
Elmer Hohinson.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12
African Methodist
Close Fine Meet
AT PiCkenS

Pickens-A fine meeting and
District Founders Day Celebration,
and Presiding Elders Council, OF
the jackson District Of the AME
Church, held at ST. Peters AME
Church was brought to close
after a three day session here last
Sunday.
Highlights of The meeting includ-
ed the sermon On interracial good
will, delivered by the Rev. J..
Noel, Hinson, White, pastor of the
Methodist Church of Pickens The
sermon delivered by Rev Hinson
was foroeful, dynamic and 1nstru-
tive. Others appearing on the ros-
trum during the three days inciud-
ed: DR. N. II. JeltZ, of MERIDIAN,
who delivered the keynote sermon,
and DR.. willard Lake, District e.
vanglist, who fired the meeting
with great sermon of evangelism on
the opening night of the meeting
Bishop S. L. Greene, was in
Guided among a distinguished
group who visited the meeting
which also included DR.. c. G.
SCrivens, DR.. "A. w. Jackson, DR..
G. B Brantley, DR.. C. j. Nolen,
and a number of prominent lay
men and women from other dis
tricts and sections of the state.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12
| kilograms To
Frisco Delegates
Urged ByNAACP
End OF Colonial
System, Bill Of
Rights Pushed

SAN FRANCISCO, Calif-(SNS)
A formal statement that "the main
groups of mankind, commonly CAL
ed races, are essentially equal In
capability of progress and deserve
equality of treatment" was pre-
sented to the American delegation
at the World Security Conference
here Nav by the NAACP consul
tans Walter White, Mrs. Mary NC
Leod Bethune. and DR.. w. e. B.
Dubois.
The statement was presented not
only to the American delegation
but to all other consultants sent
here by AZ organizations destgnat-
ed by the State Department
Branding the colonial system OF
government &c "undemocratic, So
cially dangerous and a main cause
of wars the statement called upon
the United Nations to see that at
the earliest practical moment no
nation or group shall be deprived
of effective vioce in its own gov
eminent" The complete text OF
the statement, drafted by DR.. Du-
Bots reads:
ESSENTIALLY EQUAL
"The main groups OF mankind,
commonly called races, are essen
TALLY equal in capability of pro-
gress and deserve equality Of treat
ment, opportunity and respect In
the eyes of both science and relig-
CONTINUED ON Back Page
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12
Mississippians Do Vital Job With
Signal Corps In Germany

been shown in the friendly COM
petition they have held with other
signal units. The 459th has rarely
been beaten in these contests.
They're top-notch men, non
CONS and soldiers" one of the
battalion officers said. "T'hey work
hard. have high morale, and do a
lob that is vital" IN the Unit are
the following Mfssissippians:
MISSISSIPPI
Bolton, Pvt. Eddie Jones.
Chicora, Opt. Willie L. Evans,
Evansville, Cpl. l.. .. Lewis.
Forest, Pvt. James T. Harvey.
Friars Point, Pvt William Wink
field.
Greenville, Cpl. johnson F. Har-
ris lit Eureka, Pvt. Aaron Pearl
Route 2, Pfc. Gllssie Ghristor1, 300
Muscadine st.
Highpoint. Cpl. Willie L, Miller
Jackson, Pfc. Ebert Nelson, l12
Noel Ave. Georgetown Station, Pvt
James Lewis, 1912 Gallee st.
Kewanee, Cpl. Hannuel Little,
Route !.
Miss. City, Pvt. Willie Green.
Newton, Pvt. Marvin Robinson.
.Okolana, Pvt. John w, Smith
Route 1.
Ruth, Sgt. Alcus Holloway, Rt, /
Shannon, Sgt. Thomas Harris,
Route 8.
Walden, Pvt Willie Montgomery
Route l.
West Point, Pvt. Albert Moten,
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12

Prof. O. B. CobbtnS, supervisor OF
Negro Public Schools, of Jackson,
will be the special chairman of the
Kinds County Negro Division OF the
War Finance Committee during the
7th War Loan Drive, which starts
Monday, May l4th, according to a
recent announcement of Earl w.
Banks, permanent chairman of the
committee.
With number of organization
and pep-up meetings already held,
the drive will get off to flying
start Monday. According to plans
already perfected a well-laid cam
paign will be conducted by the
chairman and workers of each
special committee, which will bring
into the campaign every communi-
ty of people in the city.
A special effort is being made
during the campaign to increase
the buying and sale of Bonds in
the rural districts, and to bring
into action in the development Of
the campaign the leading Negro
farmers of Kinds County.
Prof. Cobbins. in statement
early this week pointed out the
need for double effort and sacri-
flee on the part OF. all, now that
Germany has surrendered in order
to bring the fullest force of the
might and power of the nation
against Japan in the shortest time
in order to gain a complete victory.
and reduce the cost In American
lives.
In meeting held at Lanier high
school last Wednesday morning, a
group of interested citizens at the
call of Prof. C. B. Cobbins, super
visor of Negro schools, a group Of
interested citizens took the first
step in the organization of the
Jackson Negro Juvenile Council.
In the various discussions of the
subject of Negro Juvenile Delin-
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12
Negro Should Consider World
Problems, Mrs. Bethune Says
S CHALLENGING OPPORTUNITY

equitably.
CHALLENGING OPPORTUNITY
This opportunity challenges the
Negro. not only to broaden his per-
sonal viewpoint, but to establish on
a fir1ner basis the elevation OF his
own status here In America"
In challenging talk aimed at
those Negroes as well as whites
advocates for Justice for colonials,
and other racial and religious min
orities-who fill meetings places
about the bay area with speeches
S y confined to the special
needs of some one or more small
group of the worlds two billion IN
habitants, Mrs. Bethune declared:
Through t h conference the
Continued on Back Page
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12
Throws Bombshell Into Eclectic
Thinking Of Some Special Pleaders

SAN FRANCISCO IA N P) -
Mary Mcleod Bethune, sometimes
called the First Lady" OF Negro
America, Sunday threw a bomb
shell into the thinking of certain
groups of special pleaders for min
critics, including some of her own
race, here for the united nations
conference.
In a Palace hotel press inter-
view. Mrs. Bethune, NAACP vice
president and official consultant to
the United States delegation to the
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12
conference, declared:

conference, declared:
1.-THE Negro in America has an
unprecedented opportunity in this
conference on a world security Or
ganization, to lift his sights to en-
compass a world view of the prob
lens of peace and to think in uni
son with the representatives OF IS
nations on the m t effective
means of settling national differ
ences, of adjudcating national ana
international grievances justly and
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12

Surrend er Pact
Signed BY JodI
BY THE s. N. S.

Germany surrendered Internationally to the Allies
Monday at 2:4 a. m French time (741 p m, Atlanta
time, Sunday.
The unconditional surrender took place in little red
schoohouse the headquarters of General Eisenhower and
signed five years. eight months and six days after the
start of the by German Col General GustavJod now
chief staff of the German Army Lieut. General Walter
Bede Smith, chief of staff for General Eisenhower signed
for the Supreme Allied Command
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12

AT REDISTRIBUTION STATION
ATLANTIC CITY, N. Private
James c. Broadix. Of ASS Simpson
St, Atlanta has reported to the
AAF Redistribution Station No. /
here.
He is the SON Of MIR. and Mrs.
Fred Broadix who reside at ASS
Simpson St., Atlanta
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12


The Germans said they under
stood the terms of the surrender
pact while signing. They had been
previously reported as holding out
against signing surrender to Rus
STA, but capitulation after capitu-
lation proved too much even for the
strongest pocket to hold out.
In London, the British Ministry
of Information announced that
Tuesday would be treated as We
Day.
Delay in official announcement
of We Day was in accordance to
arrangements between the three
great powers. Prime Minister
Churchill was slated to give a talk
at a. m. Atlanta time.
n signing German surrender,
General Jodi said the German
people and armed forces are for
better Or worse delivered into the
victors' hands"
News OF the surrender set OF
varied celebrations throughout the
Allied world From the tolling of
bells in Rome to the hilarious
cheering of hundreds of thousands
in Times Square; prayer services
in thousands of churches on both
sides of the Atlantic and quiet
meditation in homes of millions.
The European war just ended
was the greatest, bloodiest and cost
Hest war in human history, claim
ing at least 100000 casualties on
both sides in killed, wounded and
captured
NAILS TELL Ut FIRST
The Germans were the first to
announce news of their uncondi-
tional surrender. London went wild
at the news. Crowds jamrned Pic
cadilly Circus. Smiling crowds pour
ed out of subways and lined the
streets.
The German government, in an
nouncing surrender. called for new
Germany of unity, justice and
liberty" which would seek concilia-
ton and abide by international
law
In Atlanta, Governor ArnaIl said:
Let our people return thanks to
God but remember that men are
still dying in savage warfare, and
pray for the speedy termination of
all conflicts throughout the world.
Mayor William B. HartSfield said:
The was is not over yet and we
must remember That for thousands
of fathers, mothers and wives who
lost loved ones, it will never be
over. Certainly it is not a time for
hilarity. Then, too, for many thou
sands, We Day means just a trans
fer of service to another theater Of
operations. The day is one for pray
er and dedication of our efforts
to help bring about total victory
all the sooner"
STILL FIGHT JAPS
With the surrender announced in
Europe, but not officially proclaim
ed in the United States, American
bombers reaching out from the
Philippines and Okinawa Monday
Continued on Back Page
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12

AMERICAN Seventh Army troops
completed the capture of Munich
(1) and pressed onward. In Berlin
(2). Red Army troops placed their
flag over . he Reichstag Building.
Meanwhile, General Mark Clark
declared the Nazi army as . mill
tsry force in Italy no longer existed,
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12

MOSCOW RADIO reported that
Adolf Hitler had died in the Chan
celery in Berlin ~. German troops
in Denmark (2) were evacuating
that country and fleeing to Norway.
American Third Army units CD
sped ahead and were reported to be
within 80 miles Of the city of Linz.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12

CONSULTANTS -. The nearest
American Negroes came to being
within the official fold at the
United Nations Conference on In
ternatonal Organization has been
IN the role of consultants. In the
upper photo. Mrs Mary Mcleod
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12

HARDENING American units en-
tered Munich a., birthplace of the
Nazi party The battle for Berlin
(2) continued as Soviet troops
squeezed the defenders into an area
l8-miles-square. British forces Cd
northwest of the Nazi capital
crossed over the EIbe River barrier
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12

AS PEACE RuMORs filed the air
Berlin "a tottered. Red Army units
had compressed Nazi defenders in
to a 25-mile-square area. Munich
(2) revolted as u. S. Third Army
forces reached point n miles from
the city. Other U. S. units CD were
but thirty miles from Switzerland,
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12

Bethune, consultant through be-
ing president of the NAACP
consults Immediately after the
plenary with Vice President Clar-
ence Simpson of Liberia, left, and
Senator J. Lemuel Gibson of the
same country, both delegates.
Jackson advocate. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1939-current, 1945-05-12
STILL FIGHT JAPS

STILL FIGHT JAPS
With the surrender announced in
Europe, but not officially proclaim
ed in the United States, American
bombers reaching out from the
Philippines and Okinawa Monday
Continued on Back Page
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-03-06
District
Basketball

Results of championship games
in district high school basket
ball tournaments so far include:
At Roseville: Rochester, 80;
Roseville %.
At Ferndale: Center Line, 81;
Pontiac st Frederick, 20.
At Roseville: st. Clair Shores
Lakeview, SO, Lakeshore, 20.
At Oxford: Oxford, Al; Romeo,
rs.
At Port Huron: Marine City,
IS; Richmond. 10.
AT Port Huron: New Haven,
43; New Baltimore, IA.
At Roseville: Rochester, 80;
Van Dyke, 26.
At Ferndale: Pontiac st. Fred
erick, %; Utica, 81.
Center Line, II; Royal Oak
Madison, Is.
At Roseville: st. Clair Shores
Lakeview, 81; Detroit St. Paul,
%.
Lakeshore, 40; Detroit Univer-
sity School, 81.
At Oxford: Romeo, 80: Au-
burn Heights, %.
Almont, 81; Armada, IS.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-03-06
Bruins FACE
Maple Leafs
Stort ScrombIe
for Fourth Spot
by the Associated Press

The three-way scramble for
fourth place and the last playoff
berth in the National Hockey
League resumes at Boston to-
night with the Bruins entertain
ing the Toronto Maple Leafs.
Currently the Bruins hold the
coveted spot with 81 points TO
80 for the New York Rangers
and 20 for the Chicago Black
hawks. A victory over the Leafs
would give a commanding edge
while "a defeat would make it
more uncertain than ever who
will land in the Stanley Cup
competition.
The Leafs, who broke losing
streak by winning two straight
ever the weekend, are favored
TO make it three in a row and
thus make it possible for the
Hawks TO tie for fourth by beat
ing the Rangers at Chicago to-
morrow. BY the same token the
Rangers could Gust the Bruins
from fourth if they beat the
Hawks on the heels of a Tor
onto triumph over Boston.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-03-06
Ben Hogan Trying
for Golf Comeback
Persuaded to Enter
Four Ball Tourney

MIAMI, Fla, March 6-(P-
Ben Hogan's golf game, colder
than an Arctic pup tent, runs in
to some midsummer competi-
ton in the International Four
Ball tournament starting here
Thursday.
Hogan, now a Lieutenant in
the Army Air Forces, hadn't
had a club in his hands for six
months until Sunday when he
played in an exhibition match
for convalescent soldiers at the
AAF Biltmore Hospital.
He arrived in Miami Friday
to give golf lessons to returning
veterans to "get their mind off
the war;" and the invitation to
play in the tourney came when
Sgt. E. j. (Dutch) Harrison was
recalled to Wright Field, O., to
await reassignment.
I've got to pack six months
practise into a couple Of days"
he said as he started out early
today for a practise tee.
al doubt if can walk 36 holes,
much less play 'em. I got a
couple of big blisters on my
hands left over from Sunday.
and they hurt every time l grab
a club"
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-03-06
Bother Quintet Ends Best
Gaze Season in 20 Years

Mount Clemens High School
wound up its 1945 season-the
best in 20 years-with con-
vincing 40-27 victory over a
good Port Huron quintet Friday.
and feel confident that tomor-
row nights encounter with Roy
al Oak in the regionals at Fern
dale (9:l5 p.m.) will turn out
successfully for the Bathers.
The NC team played one OF
their best games of the year and
completely dominated the play
from the opening whistle to the
close.
The first quarter score was
1875 in favor of the Bathers, and
by halftime it was 21-l2. At the
three-quarter mark it was 1922
for the local quintet. Mount
Clemens had 40 shots and made
Is from the field. and made 10
of Is foul shots. Port Huron had
20 shots and made eight, but
only made II of 81 foul shots.
Mas was high scorer with Ii.
During the 1945 season, ac-
cording to statistics compiled by
director and coach Roy N. Quinn
and coach Richard Edwards, the
Bather squad scored asa points
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-03-06
Fast faction
Expected at
Track Meet

EAST. LANSING, March g.
(P-Prospects for fast action at
the Central Collegiate ira C k
meet here Saturday rose today
as Drake, Wayne and Western
Michigan filed entries for big
teams and individual stars.
Drake, entering 10. athletes,
leaped into the favored position
as rival coaches noted it would
have entries in each of the IL
events. Drake stars included
Capt. Fred Feiler, who won the
N.C.A.A. cross country run, and
Lee Hosacre, dash artist. Feiler
was entered in the one and two
mile runs and Hosacre in the rs
yard dash, 440-dash and mile
relay.
Wayne, trotting out IL entries,
will lean heavily on Lorenzo
Wright, slim Detroit negro, who
snatched 20 points from Michi-
gan State in dual meet recent
ly, and Bert Prior, a distance
star entered in the two-mile run.
Wright will compete in the rs
yard dash and low hurdles, high
jump and mile relay.
Leading with % entries, West
ern Michigan had at the top Of
its card William Moore, who won
the National A.A.U. pole vault
at New York City two weeks
ago at 13 feet, 10 inches.
The Spartans learned that
Lieut.. William H. Mansfield,
former Michigan State star from
South Haven, will carry the col
ors of the US. Army Air Force
in the meet. He is the single en-
try from Selman Field, La, ana
will compete in the distance
runs. He won track letters at
MISC. in 1898, 1899 and 1910.
q cross country letter in 1899.
Other entries include Notre
Dame, %; Michigan State, II;
Iowa Pre-Flight, IL; Wheaton,
7 and Miami 3.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-03-06
BY JERRY LISKA

CHICAGO, March g. (R -
The only rookie honored, Max
Morris, Northwestern Univer-
sity's scoring champion, was the
sole unanimous choice on the
1945 all Western Conference
basketball team selected today
for the Associated Press by the
nine league coaches.
Surprisingly, Iowas high
geared Kawkeyes who Satur-
day won their first undisputed
team title in history placed only
guard Herb Wilkinson on the
all-star quintet.
Runner-up Ohio State, on the
other hand, landed two berths
both filled by repeaters from
last years Associated Press
honor five-forward Don Crate
and center Arnold (Stilts) Ri.
sen. The other position went to
Walt (Junior) Kirk, Illinois
veteran guard, who missed only
one of possible ID votes.
Although Morris, 6-foot, 2
inch 200-pounder operated al
center in capturing the confer
ence scoring crown with 189-
point total. He was placed al
forward by every one of the
coaches.
Wilkinson, like Morris, made
his conference debut this season,
but the rangy Hawkeye had
starred at guard on the Univer-
sity of Utah's 1914 national col
legiate title team before he
transferred 10 Iowa with his
brother, Clayton, who placed al
forward on the all big ten sec.
ond team.
Ohio States Paul Huston,
guard, was the best vote-getter
on the second team, followed by
forward Dick Ives of Iowa
guard Paul Hoffman of Purdue
center Kleggie Hermsen and
Clay Wilkinson. The latter
played center on Iowa's cham
pionship team, but was shifted
to forward because of the pivot
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-03-06
Max Morris. Northwestern,
Makes Conference Quintet

popularity of 6-foot, 7-inch
Hermsen, runner-up to motifs
in scoring with 1872 points.
First team. Max MorriA
Northwestern, 4; Don Gate, Ohio
State, +; Arnold Risen, Ohio
State, C; Walton Kirk, Illinois, 6;
Herbert Wilkinson, Iowa, 6.
Second team: Dick Ives, Iowa,
f; Clayton Wilkinson, Iowa, 4;
Clarence Hermsen, Minnesota,
c; Paul Hoffman, Purdue; Paul
Huston, Ohio State, &.
Honorable mention: forwards
Bob Geahan, Michigan; Jack
Spencer, Iowa; HOWE Judson,
son, Wisconsin, AL Kralovansky,
Indiana; guards-Jack Burmas-
ter, Illinois; Bill Johnson, Wis
consin. Ben Schadler, North
western; Warren Amling, Ohio
State; Arnold Lehman, Mime.
sofa; Charles Haag, Purdue.
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-03-06

Second place in the City Rec.
reation Basketball League today
belonged 10 Schools Five, and
it was virtually certainty that
the Schoofers are Gin" so far as
the championship playoffs are
concerned.
In perhaps the most dramatic
game of the season. the School,
ers eked out a 1927 victory last
night over Batkins Radio to be-
come the No. / challenger of SUI
per Cleaners, which defeated
Vico Welding 31-19 to maintain
their place at the top of the cir
cult with nine wins in 10 starts.
A basket in the closing second
of play gave Schoofer's their one
point victory. A fraction of a
second before the final whistle
sounded, Bud Cottrell of Schools
cut loose with shot that found
the range and provided Schools
with the winning margin. The
whistle had already sounded but
Cottrell's shot was in the air so
the goal was legal. The victory
was Schools eighth in II games,
putting them a half = game in
front of the Radiomen, who were
without the services of their
leading scorer, Ralph Siewert,
who has left the city to accept
a Job in Connecticut.
The School Batkins contest
was nip-and-tuck all the way,
with the halftime score reading
1913. The teams exchanged goal
for goal in the closing two Pc
RODS until Cottrells toss sewed
up the spells for the Schoofers.
Individual scoring honors.
however, went to Lyle Bliss of
Batkins who dropped in eight
field goals for Is points. Gan
field topped the winners with
IL, followed by Cottrell with
eight.
Super Cleaners didn't have
too much trouble keeping their
place on top as they disposed Of
Vico Welding Ralph Soenen and
Clarence (Harpo) Seibert set the
pace for the Cleaners with Is
and 10 points respectively while
Heinie Mordan paced the losers
with six.
In the remaining game, Rag
gedy Ann Five kept its playoff
hopes alive with a 1926 victory
over the Golden Bears. The vic
tory boosted the Armies into
The daily monitor leader. [volume] (Mount Clemens, Mich.) 1942-19??, 1945-03-06
Sgd Howe Leading
Nationals Scorer

MONTREAL, March 5-(R)-
The weekly National Hockey
League scoring statistics had a
neat $50" in the points column
for Sgd Howe of Detroit today,
which means that the veteran
forward has equalled the 514-
point total amassed by Nels
Stewart in IS seasons of play.
Howe moved into the record
equalling position during the
weekend.
Stewart has 1928 goals and 1911
assists when he left the MIL.
in 1910. Howe is still we'll be-
hind in goals, but ahead in as
sists. He has been in the MIL.
Is seasons, the same as Stewart,
and has six games left in which
to top the point record.
After Is years of play, Howe
is still up among the present
MIL. leaders. His so points on
Is goals and "a assists puts him
in fifth spo. in the standings be-
hind Montreal's big three-Mau-
rice Richard, Elmer Lach and
Toe Blake-and Bill Cowley CT
Boston.