The Waterbury Democrat., 1945-04-03

RaniEation that will be created at San Francisco, this month. It is d small body of II nations which would be responsible for maintain ing international peace and secur- ity. It would have the power, as Q last resort to call upon military froces of member countries to stop q threat of aggression or to repel aggression.
 q. Is the council different from the proposed world assembly? A. Yes. All member nations of the or- ganiztion would have a seat and a vote on the assembly.
 e. What nations would be mem- bers of the council? A. The Big Five - the United States, Great Britain, Soviet Russia, China and France - would have permanent seats on the council. The other six sets would be non-permanent and member nations would be elected to them by the general assembly on a two-thirds vote.
 e. How long would the non-per- manent seats be held? A. Ordin- arily for two years, and member would not be immediately eligible for reelection.
 e. Does that mean that six new permanent members would be elected every two years? A. No. On the first election, three of the non- permanent council members would be elected for only one year, Henceforth, three would retire each year and thre new members would be elected.
 Vital Role Tn Setup
 e. Why is the voting procedure of the council so important? A. Because the council will have the power to investigate disputes, re- fer them to the world court, rec ommend ways of settlement, or take action - diplomatic, economic or military - to curb an aggressor or even a nation that just threat ems aggression. The procedure for casting the votes by which such decisions are reached is probably the most important single item in the proposed organization charter.
 @. What was wrong with the voting procedure of the old League of Nations where 8 unanimous vote of the council or ssembaly was re- quired? A. Action in the league in- variably was blocked by that rule because there usually was at least one nation, either interested in the dispute or satellite of big power interested in it, that would veto action. This time there was agree ment of the big powers that the leagues role of unanimity in all matters must be abandoned if the new organization is not to be ham, strung. The new plan is a con- promise.
 Q. When was the proposed vot- irg procedure for the security council decided upon? A. At the Big Three conference in the Cri- mea. The plan accepted there was presented by President Roosevelt.
 Q. Why wasn't the voting for mula decided at Dumbarton Oaks last summer? A. There were vari- ous points of view at that confer ence which the conferees could not reconcile. The differences primarily involved what issues would require . unanimous vote of the Big Five. Especially important was whether 8 permanent member of the coun- cil should be allowed to veto even council investigation of a dispute in which such party was one of the parties.
 c. In the voting procedure agreed upon by the Big Three, how many votes will each council mem Der have? A. Each member, whether permanent or non-perma- nent, will have one vote.
 Decisions Need Votes
 @. How many votes and whose votes will be needed to reach council decision? A. That will vary with the type of issues involved. At least seven affirmative votes will ne needed for all decisions, and in most cases the votes of all the Big Five will have to be included in the seven.
 Q. What are the different types of issues the council will have to decide? A. There are three broad categories-O Procedural issues; (2) Quasi-judicial questions in- volved in promoting peaceful set- tlsment of disputes; (3 Political decisions involving action-diplo- matic, economic or military - for maintaining peace and security
 @. What are procedural ques- tions? A. They have not ben spe- cifically defined, but will include such routine matters as election of council officers, deciding where and when to meet, adoption of the councils rules and regulations for conducting business, etc.
 @. How would the council decide procedural questions? A. By an affirmative vote of any seven of the II members.
 @. Does that mean that the six non-permanent members plus one of the permanent members could outvote the Big Five on such ques- tions? A. Yes.
 Quasi-Judicial Examples
 Q. What are uaSi-judicial mat ters? A. Here are some examples whether a matter should be inves- tigated; whether a dispute or situ- ation is of such nature that it's continuation is likely to threaten the peace; whether the council should call on the parties to set tie dispute by means of their own choice; whether a recommenda- tion should be made as to methods and procedures of settlement; what the nature of such recom- mendation should be; whether the legal aspect of the dispute should be referred to the world court fol advice; whether a regional agency like the Pan-American Union should be asked to concern itseli with the dispute; whether the dis pute should be referred to tht assembly.
 e. How would the council vots on such quasi-judicial mattersi A. By an affirmative vote of sever